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HISTORY, 

TOPOGRAPHY, AND DIRECTORY 

OF 

NORTHUMBERLAND. 

COMPEISING 

A GENERAL SURVEY OF THE COUNTY, 

AND A 

'§hkq d tlje CofoK anir C»«iitg of |tefetastlMtpit-|2iie, 

WITH SEPAEATE 

HISTOEICAL, STATISTICAL, AND DESCRIPTIVE SKETCHES 

OE 

THE BOROUGHS OF 

GATESHEAD AND BEEWICK-UPON-TWEED, 

AND ALL THE 

TOWNS, BOEOUGHS, PORTS, PARISHES, CHAPELRIES, TOWNSHIPS, 
VILLAGES, WARDS, AND MANORS. 

TO WHICH IS SUBJOINED 

A LIST OF THE SEATS OF THE NOBILITY AND GENTBY. 



BY WILLIAM WHELLAN & CO. 



LONDON : 
WHITTAKEH AND CO., AVE MARIA LANE. 

MANCHESTER : 

GALT AND CO., DUCIE STREET, EXCHANGE. 

Pri«eto Subscribers, handsomely bound in half calf, and including a large Map of the County, £1 ; or, with 
the Map neatly mounted on rollers, 4s. 6d. extra. 






MANCHESTEE: 

PRINTED BY GALT, KERRUISH, AND GENT, 

NEW CANNON STREET. 



PREFACE. 



In presenting the present volume to their numerous patrons and the 
public, the proprietors deem it their first duty to tender an expression of 
their gratitude to the various literary, scientific, and ofiicial gentlemen of 
the county, who have so readily furnished their agents with valuable contri- 
butions and corrections, as well as to those who have honoured the publishers 
Avith immediate communications for additions and improvements in the work. 
To George Tate, Esq., F.G.S., of Alnwick, they are, in a special manner, 
indebted for his admirable and interesting articles on the Origin of Coal, 
the Geology of the Parish of Alnwick, and of the Howick Coast, articles which 
will, it is presumed, be found to possess no common interest, and haply 
may be perused, with some measure of curiosity. To their friend John 
Rooke, Esq., of Akehead, Wigton, Cumberland, they are under a lasting 
obligation for his excellent Essay on the Geology of the Lake District, an 
essay which they doubt not, will be found to contain much valuable 
information, — and, to nearly 3,500 subscribers, who have so munificently 
supported them in their arduous undertaking, they beg to ofier their warmest 
acknowledgments. 

The great experience which the proprietors have had during the last 
eighteen years, in similar undertakings for other counties — the success and 
approbation which have attended them — and their ready and remunerative sale, 
furnish a convincing proof that they have been well estimated, and a 
guarantee for the future value of their works. As the utility of such publi- 
cations entirely depends on their correctness, simplified arrangement, and 
copiousness of information, the proprietors' attention, in the compilation of 
the present work, has been unremittingly directed to the attainment of 
these objects — every town, parish, township, village, and almost every house 
in the county, has been visited, and neither labour nor expense spared, 
in order to secure accurate and authentic information. And though it 
would be presumptuous to expect that a volume containing such a great 
body of matter, and such a diversity of subjects, could be entirely free 
from errors, yet it is hoped that any which may appear in the present 
one, will be of no material deterioration to its general utility — the pro- 
prietors, therefore feel confident, that for general accuracy, comprehensiveness, 



IV. PEEFACE. 

and typographical executiou, this work, which they now, with much deference, 
submit to the ordeal of public criticism, will be found to give general satis- 
faction. 

The plan of the Work embraces an I^'troductory Review of the Early- 
History of Great Britain, derived from the best accessible authorities, with 
especial reference to the Roman, Saxon, and Danish invasions, and exhibit- 
ing the manners and customs of the various dominant races of the British 
Islands, together with iDteresting details respecting the Ancient Kingdoms 
and Provinces in England, Wales, and Scotland, the division of the Country 
into Shires, the ecclesiastical divisions, and the various changes which have 
taken place in the ancient sub-divisions of the country, the extent, popula- 
tion and importance of the British Colonies and Maritime possessions, 
as also statistical details regardii^g the Railways of the United Kingdom — 
with a resume of the rise and progress of trade, commerce, and manu- 
factures. This is followed by a General History and Description of 
Northumberland, its agricultural and mineral productions, roads, rivers, 
railways, castles, abbeys, and Monastic Institutions, before and after the 
time of their dissolution, together with separate Historical Sketches, 
and statistical descriptions of the town and county of Kewcastle-upon-Tyne, 
and Gateshead, Berwick-upon-Tweed, and all the boroughs, towns, ports, 
parishes, townships, and hamlets in the county, their locahty, territorial 
extent, population returns from 1801 to 1851, charitable, educational, and 
other Public Institutions, Churches and Chapels with their ministers, public 
buildings, corporate bodies, magistrates, and public officers, courts of law, 
and the names of their officials, together with historical events, eminent 
men, picturesque scenery, curiosities, and a variety of other statistical and 
commercial matter, extracted from the Parliamentary Reports of the Census 
and Charities, and other authentic sources, — the whole constituting for this 
important county a faithful epitome of historical and local information. 

To the historical and descriptive sketch of each place succeeds a Directory 
of the inhabitants, presenting in a classification for easy reference the 
names, designations, and addresses of the principal residents, alphabetically 
arranged, in copious miscellanies, or classified under the heads of their 
respective trades and professions, with the post-office and railway regu- 
lations, and every medium of public conveyance — and the Work is accom- 
panied with a large new Map of Xorthumberland, on which the various 
divisions of the county are neatly coloured, and the different lines of 
railway accurately delineated. 

W. WHELLAN & CO. 

Pontefract, February, 1855. 



INDEX OF PLACES. 



Page 

A bberwick 642 

Abbeylands 609 

Acklington 711 

Acklington Park 712 

Acomb East 766 

Acomb West . . . 848 

Acton 791 

Acton &O.Felton 613 
Adderstone .... 580 

Akeld 702 

Ale 890 

Allensford 792 

I Allendale 816 

Allenheads 820 

Allen's Green . . 887 

Allerwash 874 

All Saints' Parish 429 

Alnham 640 

Alnmouth 582 

Almvick Parish... 588 

Alnwick 591 

Alnwick S. Side.. 609 

Alwinton 620 

Amble 712 

Ancroft 900 

Angerton 882 

^Angerton High. . 729 
"Angerton Low. . . 730 

Annet'sford 465 

Anick 849 

Anick Grange... 849 

Apperley .'. 767 

Asholme 893 

Ashington and 

Sheepwasb 707 

Aydon 775 

Aydon Castle 775 

Backward Letch .792 

Back worth 442 

Bambrough 

Ward 559 

Bambrough Par- 
ish 560 

Bambrough Cas.. 561 



Page 

Bank Top 456 

Bardon Mill.... 885 

Barelees ,697 

Barmoor 683 

Barrasford 796 

Barrington Place 386 

Barrow 624 

Bassington... ... 645 

Bates Island 444 

Bavington Great 804 
Bavington Little 815 

Baybridge 791 

Beadnell 563 

Beal 765 

Beanley 645 

Bear's Bridge ... 895 

Beaufront 651 

Bebside 457 

Bedlington- 

SHIRE 895 

Bedlington 896 

Belford 569 

Bellasis with Bog- 
hall 554 

Bellingham — 853 

Bellister 882 

Bell's Close .... 537 

Belsay 726 

Belsay Guide Post 727 

Beltingham 887 

Benridge 742 

Benridge 547 

Bensham 386 

Benton Long .. . 459 
Benton Little ... 464 
Benton Square.. 462 

Benwell 551 

Benwell High 

Cross 552 

Berrington 926 

Berryhill 698 

Berwick Hill ... 545 
Berwick - upon - 
Tweed 938 



Page 
Berwick New . . . 645 
Berwick Old ... . 645 

Bickerton 627 

Biddleston 621 

Bigge's Quarter 738 

Bill Quay 386 

Billy Mill 522 

Bilton 583 

Bingfield 849 

Birdhope Craig.. 673 

Bird's Nest 697 

Birkenside 792 

Birling 713 

Birtley 794 

Bitchfield 808 

Black Carts and 

Kyehill 859 

Black Chester . . 641 
Blagdon with 
Milkhope .... 554 

Blakelaw 456 

Blanchland 790 

Blaydon 386 

Blenkinsopp .... 882 

Blinkbonny 700 

Blue Quarries . . 386 
Blyth North .... 898 
Bltth South . . 433 

Bockenfield 613 

Boghall 554 

Bolam 725 

Bolam Vicarage.. 728 

Bolton 642 

Boulmer and Sea- 
ton House. . .. 585 

Bothal 707 

Bowsdon 684 

Bradford 564 

Bradford 728 

Brainshaugh 618 

Brandon 646 

Brandling 466 

Branton 646 

Branxton 690 



Page 

Brenkley 531 

Brick Sheds 700 

Brinkburn 611 

Brinkburn High 

W^ard 611 

Brinkburn Low 

Ward 612 

Brinkburn South 

Side 612 

Broadside 819 

Broken h eugh .. . 870 
Broomhaugh ... . 765 
Broombope with 

Buteland 795 

Broomley 767 

Broom Park 643 

Broomridge .... 701 

Brotherwick 713 

Broxfield 574 

Bruce's Castle... 697 
Brunton East... 451 
Brunton West . . 451 
Brunton, High 

and Low 574 

Budle .564 

Buller's Green . . 758 
Burnstones .... 891 
Bullock's Hall.. 713 

Burradon 443 

Burrowden .... 622 

Burton 564 

Bush 874 

Buston High . . 714 
Buston Low .... 714 
Busy Cottage . . 431 

Busy Gap 31 

Buteland 795 

Butterlaw 535 

Byker 429 

Byker Hill .... 430 

Byrness 673 

Bywell St. An- 
drew 765 

Bywell, St. Peter 7 66 



I 



VI. 



INDEX OF PLACES. 



Page 
Caistron ...... 6ii7 

Callaley and Yet- 

lington 654 

Callerton Black 535 
Callerton High . . 545 
Callerton Ltttle. . 545 

Cambo 730 

Camboise 898 

Camphill 798 

Canjpville 6-26 

Canongate .... 610 
Capheaton .... 805 

Carry Coats 815 

Carhani 691 

Carr's Hill .... 387 

Carr Shields 881 

Carter Moor 547 

Cartington .... 627 

Carville 528 

CaSTIE W4ED . . 428 

Catchburn 758 

Catcherside 806 

Cattou 819 

Causeway End . . 452 
Causeway Park. . 736 
Charlton East . . 856 
CharltonNorth ..573 
Charlton South . . 573, 
Charlton West . . 856 ; 

Chathill 573 I 

Chatton 676 

Cheesebn. Grange 808 

Chesterhope 800 

Chesterwood. . . . 870 

Cheswick 901 

Chibburn High 

and Low 721 

Chillingham 679 

Chipchase 798 

Chirdon 861 

Chirton 522 

Chevington East 714 
Chevington West 714 
Chollerford .... 863 

Chollerton 795 

Choppington 899 

Clarewood 775 

ClenneU 622 

Clifton with Cold- 

weU 554 

Close House 780 

Coalcleugh 821 

Coal Houses ... 678 

Coat Yards 760 

Coanwood 883 

Cockle Park 736 



Page 

Cocklaw 850 

Coldcoats 545 

Coldmartin 678 

Coldsmouth and 
Thompson's 

W-alls 702 

Coldwell 806 

Coltpark .. 761 

Colwell and S win- 
burn 797 

Combhill 760 

C O QUETD ALE 

Ward 587 

Corbridge , 771 

Corchester 772 

Cornhill 931 

Corridge 730 

Corsenside .... 799 

Coupland 702 

Cowgate 466 

Cowpen 457 

Coxlodge 452 

Cramlington. . . . 431 

Craster 575 

Crawley 646 

Cresswell 722 

Crofton 434 

Crogdean 806 

Crookham 696 

Crookbouse .... 702 
Crookhouses. . . . 678 

Cullercoats 522 

Dalton 535 

Dalton 846 

DaiTas Hall 546 

Deanham 731 

Deanraw 870 

Debden 628 

Denton East. . . . 536 
Denton West ...537 

Dent's Hole 430 

Denwick 610 

Detchant ....... 571 

Dilston 776 

Dinnington .... 531 
Dissington North 538 
Dissington South 538 
DitchburnE.&W^ 647 
Doddington .... 681 
Donkley Wood... 867 

Dotland 845 

Dowuham 692 

Doxford 573 

Dunridge 721 

Duddoes with 
WTiinney Hill. 555 



Duddo 932 

Dueshill 624 

Duke's Field 793 

Dukeshagg 788 

Dunston 575 

Dunston 387 

Dunstanbrough 

Castle 575 

Eachwick 778 

Eals 891 

Earle 682 

Earsdon 433 

Earsdou 736 

Earsdon Forest 737 
Easington, ...... 571 

Easington Grange 572 

Edington 743 

Edlingham 642 

Eglingham .... 644 
Eland Green.... 550 

Elford 564 

EHshaw 674 

Ellerington .... 870 
Ellin gham .... 572 

Ellington 723 

I Elsdon .... 669 

Elswick 552 

EUringham .... 781 

Elwick 572 

Elyhaugh 613 

Embleton 574 

Encampment . . 700 

Errington 850 

Errol Hut 698 

Eshott 613 

Eslington 668 

Espershields . . . . 769 

Etal 697 

Etal New 698 

Ewart 682 

E Wesley 760 

Fairhaugh 622 

Fairuley 731 

Fallowden... .... 577 

Fallowfield 850 

Fallowlees 628 

Falstone 859 

Farnham 622 

Fame Islands ... 929 
Fawdon, Clinch, 

andHartside.. 652 

Fawdon 452 

Fawns 806 

Featherstone . . 883 

Felkington 933 

FeUiugHigh.... 387 



Page 
Felling Low ... 3a 7 
Felling Shore . . 387 

Felton 612 

Fenham 466 

Fenham 003 

Fenrother 737 

Fenton 690 

Fen wick 700 

Fenwick 809 

Fleetham 564 

Flodden 7G0 

Flotterton . . 628 

Ford 696 

Forest High 820 

Forest Low 820 

Fotherley High- 

and Low 769 

Foultown 888 

Fourstones 868 

Fowberry 678 

Framlin gtonLou g 6 1 6 
Framlingtou Low 617 
Freeholder's 

Quarter 738 

Gallow Hill 728 

Garretsheels .... 674 

Gateshead 378 

Gateshead High 

Fell 387 

Gateshead Low 

Fell 387 

Gatehouse 858 

Glanton 655 

Glendale Ward 075 

Glenwhelt 883 

Glororum 564 

Gloster Hill 715 

Gorbet Hill .... 8S3 

Gorfin Latch 737 

Gosforth Parish. 451 
I Gosforth North . 453 
I Gosforth South.. 454 

j Gosvdck 064 

I Groenhead 702 

Greenhead 882 

Greenley SB5 

Green Leighton,. 731 
Greens & Glant- 

lees 615 

Greense^ 901 

GreenshawHm.. 652 

Greenhaugh 858 

Greenshaw Plain 847 
Grey's Forest . . . 702 

Greystead 861 

Grindon 933 



INDEX OF PLACES. 



Yll. 



Page 
Gunnerton and 
Chipchase.... 798 

Guvzance 618 

Hagg 692 

Haddrick's Mill. 453 

Hadstone 715 

Ha^rgerston .... 902 

Hah Barnes 864 

Plall Yard 783 

Ilallington 850 

Halton Chesters. 29 
Halton Shields... 777 

Halton 776 

Haltwhistle ..878 
Hanwood Shield 815 

Harbottle 624 

Harehope 648 

Harelaw 705 

Harle Little 802 

Harle West 803 

Harlow Hill.... 781 

Harnham 728 

Harpertown .... 893 

Hartbura 729 

Hartburn Grange 732 
Hartford East... 458 
Hartford West... 458 

Harangton 732 

JIartington Hall 732 

Hartley 444 

Hartleybum 881 

Hartside 652 

Harwood 732 

Haughton 863 

Kauxley 715 

Hawick 806 

HaAvkhill 584 

Hawkwell 810 

Haydon Bridge.. 869 

Hay Farm 698 

Hazlerig 678 

Hazon 618 

Healy 770 

Healy & Comb- 
hill 760 

Heathpool 702 

Heaton 430 

Hebburn 681 

Hebburn 387 

Hebburn Quay... 387 

Hebron 736 

Heddon Black... 808 
Heddon East .... 779 
Heddon - on-tbe - 

Wall 778 

Heddon West.... 779 



Page 

Hedgeley 648 

Hedley Black .... 792 
Hedley - on - the- 

HiU 781 

Hedley Woodside 782 

Henlaw '^00 

Henshaw 885 

Hepple 628 

Hepple Demense 629 

Hepscot 758 

Hesleyhm-st 633 

Hesleyside 857 

Hetchester Law.. 727 

Hethershaw 700 

Hetton 678 

Hough 810 

Heworth High... 3b8 
Heworth Nether. 387 
Heworth Shore... 387 

Hexhamhsire 816 

Hexham 822 

High Town 886 

High Quarter ... 845 
High Church.... 759 
High am Dykes... 546 

Highlaws 732 

Highlaws High & 

Low 743 

Holborn 684 

Honinghill 633 

Holy Island 903 

Holystone 624 

Holywell 446 

Hoppen 564 

Hornclifife.. 933 

Horseclose 767 

Horseclose 884 

Horsley.... 782 

Horton 458 

Horton 678 

Horton Grange... 532 

Hott 862 

Houghton 780 

Houghton Little 585 

Housesteads 31 

Howden Pans.... 525 

Howick 579 

Howtell 702 

Hulne Park 610 

Humbleton 682 

Humshaugh 863 

Huntlaw 557 

Hurst 723 

Ilderton 649 

Ingoe 812 

Ingram G52 



Page 
Ingram Linop & 
Greenshaw hill 652 

ISLANDSHIEE 900 

Jesmond 466 

Keilder 860 

Keenly 821 

Kearsley 812 

Keekout 697 

Kellah 884 

Kennel Park .. 860 
Kenton Bar .... 456 
Kenton East and 456 

West 456 

Kidland 626 

Kilham 702 

Killingworth 459 

KilnpitHill 792 

Kimmerston 701 

Kirkharle 802 

Kirkhaugh .... 889 
Kirk Heaton . . 803 

Kirkley 546 

Kirk Newton . . 701 
Kirkwhelpington 804 

Knaresdale 890 

Kyloe 926 

Lady's Land. . . . 545 

Lady's Well 626 

Lambley 892 

Langley 871 

Lanton 703 

Latterford 877 

Learchild 644 

Learmouth East. 692 
Learmouth West 692 

Lee 846 

Lee Ward 633 

Leemailing 857 

Lemington 542 

Leramington ... 644 

Lesbury 582 

LethamHill 698 

Lilburn East ... 648 
Lilburn West ... 648 

Lillswood 845 

Linbriggs 622 

Lindisfarne 905 

Linnels 848 

Linop 652 

Linsheeles 626 

Linthaughs 700 

Linton 721 

Linkhouses 434 

Linraouth 723 

Lintley 890 

Linton 721 



Page 

Lipwood 871 

Longridge 934 

Little Mill 586 

Loan End 933 

Long Horsley ... 738 

Look Out 7Q0 

Longhurst 709 

Longhoughton... 585 

Longshaws 738 

LongWitton 732 

Lorbottle 666 

Lowick 683 

Low Quarter ... 791 
Low Quarter ... 845 

Lucker 564 

Lyham 679 

Marden 697 

Mason 532 

MatfenEast 812 

MatfenWest 8.13 

Meldon 534 

Meldon Park 

Corner 535 

Melkridge 886 

Mickley 783 

Middle Quarter . 846 
Middleton Hall . 650 
Middleton North 650 
Middleton North 733 
Middleton South 650 
Middleton South 733 

Middleton 572 

Milburn ....... 547 

Milburn Grange. 548 

Milkhope 554 

MiMeld 704 

Mill House .... 889 
MiUshields .... 769 

Mindrum 692 

Minster Acres ... 7G9 

Mitford 742 

Moat Hill 670 

Molesdon 744 

Mollersteads ., 846 
Money Laws . . 692 
Monkridge Ward 671 
Monkseaton .... 523 

Monkton 388 

Moor Houses . . 522 
MoEPETH Wakd 706 

Morpeth 740 

Morpeth Castle . 758 

Liorsvick 715 

Mote Law 850 

Mounces 801 

Mousen., 565 



Yin. 



INDEX OF PLACES 



Page] 
Moant Healv ... 633 j 
Mount Pleasant . 700 | 
Mount Pleasant . 783 ; 

Murton 524' 

Nafferton 784 1 

Nesbit 683 j 

Nesbit 814 I 

Netherton 899 

Netherton North 623 i 
Netherton South 623 I 
Nether Witton... 760 

Newbiggin 538 

Newbiggiu 723 

Newbiggin 791 

Newbrough 874 

Newburn 534 

Newburn Hall... 541 

Newcastle 153 

Antiquarian Society, 
200, 366; Assembly 
Rooms, 197, 368; 
Banks, 198, 316; Bar- 
racks, 368 ; Benevo- 
lent Institutions, 191, 
365 ; Blind Asylum, 
194, 366; Borough 
Magistrates, 2 11; Car- 
riers, 372; Cemeteries 
199; Central Eailway 
Station, 198 : Central 
Exchange,369; Cham- 
ber of Commerce 201; 
Churches of the Es- 
tablishment, 171; 
Churches and Cha- 
pels not connected 
Avith the EsiabHsb- 
ment, ] 75 ; Classified 
Directory, 312; Coal 
Trade, 207; Com- 
merce and Manufac- 
tures, 201 : Convey- 
ances, 370 ; Corpo- 
ration, 209; Custom 
House, 197, 369 ; 
Deaf and Dumb In- 
stitution, 194, 366; 
Dep.Lieutenants,211; 
Directory, 225; Dis- 
pensaries, 193, 365 ; 
Extinct Monastic Edi- 
fices, 168; Eve Infir- 
mary, 194, 365 ; For- 
tifications, 170 ; Gas 
Works, 198, 369 ; 
GeneralCharities 2 1 2; 



Page 
Harbour, 208; Hiyh 
Level Bridge, 195; 
Hospitals and Alms- 
houses, 189 ; House 
of Correction, 197, 
369; House of Re- 
covery, 193, 365 ; In- 
corporatedCompanies 
308; Infirmary, 191, 
Literary and Philoso- 
phical Society, 199, 
366 ; Literary and 
Scientific Societies, 
3!;6 ; Literary, Scien- 
tific, and Mechanical 
Institution, 200, 366 ; 
Lunatic Asylums 193, 
369 ; Lying-in Hos- 
pital, 194, 366; Ma- 
nors Station, 198 ; 
Mansion House, 196; 
Markets and Fairs, 
203 ; Members of 
Parh anient, 211; 

Miscellaneous Socie- 
ties, 368 ; Music Hall, 
198 ; Natural Historv 
Society, 299, 366"; 
Newcastle-upon Tyne 
College of Medicine, 
299, 367 ; Newspa- 
pers, 200, 354 ; News 
Rooms, 201 ; North 
of England Society of 
Arts, 200, 367 ; Pan- 
don Dean Bridge, 197; 
Parochial Charities, 
218; Penitentiary 194, 
366 ; Post Ofiice, 224; 
Public Baths, &C.197: 
368; Public Build- 
ings, Omces, &c. 368, 
PubHc Schools, 186, 
312 ; Religious and 
Moral Soceties, 201, 
367; TemperanceHall 
198; Theatre Roval, 
160; Town Hall, 196; 
T^-ne Bridge, 195 , 
Water Works, 198 ; 
I Worthies, 220 

Newham 565 

I Newham 557 

' Newham East ... 557 
j New^ham Edge... 557 
Newham Middle 557 



Page 
Newham West ... 557 

Newlands 771 

Newminster 

Abbey 758 

Newsham 433 

New Stead 565 

Newton 770 

Newton Hall 770 

Newton by the 

Sea 577 

>>ewton on the 

Moor 618 

Newton West ... 705 
Newton Park ... 744 
Newton Under- 
wood 744 

Newtown 634 

Newtown 681 

New Winning... 541 

New York 524 

Nine Banks 822 

Nook 858 

NORHAMSHIRE ... 931 

Norham 934 

Norham Mains... 937 
NoETH Shields 467 
N or th S un d erl an d 
Sea Houses ... 567 

Nubbock 843 

Nunnykirk 761 

Nunriding 745 

Oak Hall 700 

Oldmoor 710 

Ogle 557 

OrdEast 927 

Ordley 846 

Ord Middle .... 927 

Ord West 927 

I Otterburn 672 

I Ousebm-n 430 

lOuston .... 814 

' Outchester .... 567 

I Ovingham 780 

[ Ovington 786 

i Pallinsburn .... 697 

i Pawston 705 

j Paradise 552 

'Park 821 

Park House 752 

iPark 882 

I Park End 864 

i Paperhaugh 634 

Peals 623 

Pegsworth 710 

Pelaw Main 388 

Philadelphia 524 



Page 

Pigdon 745 

Plawshets 859 

Plendor Heath... 871 

Plainmellor 887 

Plessy with 

Shotton 555 

Pouteland 544 

Portgate 851 

Powburn 655 

Presson 692 

Prendwick 041 

Preston 524 

Preston 574 

Prestwick 532 

Prudhoe 786 

Prudhoe Castle.. 787 
Ramshaw High., 883 
Ramshaw Low... 883 

Ramshope 675 

Ratchwood 567 

Rattenraw 674 

Raw 634 

Raw Green 846 

Reavaley 653 

Red Path 883 

Pennington 578 

Rhodes 698 

Riddell's Quarter 738 

Riding 765 

Ridley 887 

Ridley Old and 

New (767 

RiggEnd 861 

Riplington 558 

Risingham 800 

' Ritton and Colt 

j Park 761 

I River Green 550 

I Ritton White 

I House 761 

Rochester 673 

!Rock 578 

Roddam 651 

I Ross 572 

• Rosedon 651 

Rose's Bower ... 877 
Rothbury Parish 627 
' Rothbury Town 634 
Rothburv Old ... 636 

iRcthlev.". 733 

'Raw Foot 884 

Rouchester 758 

Ryall 814 

Ryehill 859 

Ryle Great 666 

Rvle Little 666 



INDEX OF PLACES. 



IX. 



Page 

Sandhoe 851 

Sandyford 700 

Sandyford 729 

Sandylands 628 

Saltwick 555 

Scotswood 536 

Scremerston 902 

Screenwood 641 

Seaton Burn ... 465 
Seaton Delaval... 447 
Seaton North ... 724 
Seaton Sluice ... 444 
Selby's Forest ... 705 
Sewing Shields .. 31 
Shaf toe East ... 734 
Shaftoe West ... 734 

Sharperton 023 

Shawdon 667 

Sheepwash 899 

Sheriff Hill 38rt 

Shidlaw 693 

Shield Hill 737 

Shields North. 467 

Shilbottle 618 

Shilvington 769 

Shipley 649 

Shitlingtou High 875 
Shitlington Low. 875 

Shoreston 567 

Shortflatt 729 

Shothaugh 616 

Shotley 790 

Shotley Field ... 792 

Shotton 555 

Shotton Edge ... 555 

Sighill 450 

Sillsburn Foot... 674 

Sinionburn 862 

Six Mile Bridge . 465 

Slaggyford 891 

Slainsfield 69':^ 

Slaley 793 

Sleekburn East.. 900 
Sleekburn West.. 900 
Sraalesmouth ... 861 

Snitter 638 

Spiudlestone . ... 567 

Spittal 928 

Spittle 788 

Spittle Hill 745 

St. Andrew's 

Parish 465 

St. Anthony's ... 430 
St. John's Parish 551 
St. John Lee ... 847 



Page 

St. Ninian's 686 

St. Peter's 430 

St. Peter's Quay. 430 
Stagshaw Bank. . 851 

Stamford 579 

Stamfordham ... 808 
Stanuer's Burn. . 861 

Stannington 553 

Stan nington Vale 556 

Stanton 739 

Steel 846 

Stella 388 

Stelling 770 

StobbHill 758 

Stocksfield tiall. 766 
Street House . . 780 
Street Houses ... 533 
Sturton Grange .715 

Styford 766 

Sugley 542, 

Summerods .... 847 
SunderlandNorth 565 

Swalwell 388 

Swarland 615 

Sweethope .... 815 

Swinburn 797 

Swinhoe 568 

Tarretburn 858 

Tarset West 866 

Teams 388 

Tecket 865 

Thirlwall 888 

Thockrington .. 815 
Thompson's Walls 702 
Thornborough... 777 
Thorneyburn ... 866 
Thorngrafton .... 888 
Thornton East .. 734 
Thornton W^est.. 734 
Three Mile Brdg. 454 
Thirston East & 
West with Shot- 

. haugh 616 

Throckley 542 

Throphill 745 

Thropton 638 

Thrunton 668 

Tillmouth 932 

TiND ALE Ward... 762 

Tithehill 693 

Titlington 649 

Todburn 740 

Todridge 734 

Togstone 716 

Tosson Great.... 639 



Page 
Tosson Little .... 639 

Town Green 891 

Tow House 885 

Tranwell & High 

Church 769 

Trewick 729 

Trewitts High & 

Low 639 

Tritlington 737 

Troughend 674 

Tuggall 568 

Tweedmouth 927 

Twizell 759 

Twizell 938 

Tynely 574 

Tynemouth 466 

Ulgham 710 

Ulgham Grange. 710 

Unthank 642 

Unthank 792 

Wallbottle 543 

Walker 462 

Walker Low 403 

Walk Mill 716 

Walker Quay 463 

Wall 852 

Wallington 734 

Walridge 815 

Wallsend 525 

Wall Houses 812 

Wall Town 889 

Walwick ..... 871 

Walwick Chesters 871 
Walwick Grange. 871 

Wapping 462 

Warden 807 

Warden High.... 868 
Warden Low .... 807 

Wark 693 

Wark 875 

Warksburn 877 

Warkworth 711 

Warrenford 568 

Warnmouth 567 

Warrenton.., . . . . 508 

Warton 040 

Watchlaw 098 

Waterloo 434 

Wellhaugh 800 

Weetslade 465 

Weetwood 679 

Welton 788 

West Allen Low 822 

West Boat 847 

West Allen High 821 



Page 

Westgate 553 

Westmoor 460 

West Quarter . . 8*7 

Whalton 557 

Whelpington W. 807 

Whickham 388 

Whinney Hill ... 555 

Windy Nook 389 

Winlaton 389 

Whitch ester 780 

Whitfield 894 

Whitley 524 

Whitlow 890 

Whitridge 449 

Whitridge 735 

Whittingham ... 653 
Whittington 

Great 777 

Whittington 

Little 778 

Whittle 620 

Whittle 789 

Whitton 640 

Whittonstall 770 

Whorlton East 

and West 544 

W^iddrington 721 

Wide Open 465 

W^illiamston .... 891 
Willimoteswick. . 887 

Wilhngton 529 

Wincolmlee .... 463 

Win gates 740 

Witton Shields... 742 

Wolf Hill 883 

W^oodburn East 799 
Woodburn West 800 

Wooden 584 

Woodhead 851 

Woodhorn 722 

Woodhorn 

Demesne .... 725 
Wood house .... 620 

Woodshields 874 

Wood side 675 

WOOLER 686 

Woolsington 533 

Wooperton 049 

Wrekenton 389 

VVreighill 040 

Wydon 883 

Wylam 789 

Yarrow 861 

Yetlington 654 

Yeavering ,.,,,, 705 



INDEX OF SUBJECTS, FAMILIES, AND PERSONS. 



Page 
Abbeys, see Monastic 

Institutions 
Aborigines of Great 

Britain 18 

Acca,Bishp.ofHexham 828 
Accession of the House 

of Hanover 61 

Agatho (Pope) 826 

Agricola 1 44 

Aidan, first Bishop of 

Lindisfai-ne 48 

Akenside, residence of 155 
Alcmund, Bishop of 

Hexham 828 

Alfred the Great 51 

Alia 145 

Ancient Bishopric of 

Lindisfame 906 

Alnmck Parish, Geo- 
logy of 589 

Ancient Bishopric of 

Hexham 827 

Ancient Britons 18 

Ancient Breed of Cattle 680 
Ancient Kingdoms and 
Provinces in En- 
gland, Wales, and 

Scotland . 66 

Annexation of Ireland 58 
Antiquities, 430, 443, 
449, 453, 461, 527, 
530, 534, 555, 567, 
583, 585, 614, 617, 
624, 626, 627, 631, 
634, 639, 643, 645, 
647, 650, 652, 654, 
655, 667, 670, 672, 
673, 677, 688, 684, 
686, 706, 727, 772, 
775, 779, 795, 798, 
800, 805, 809, 814, 
850, 864, 868, 869, 
876, 896, 905. 
Archdeaconries ....... 76 



Page 
Area of Great Britain 81 

Arthur (King) 49 

Assembly of Godmun- 

dingham 147 

Asylums in Gt. Britain 83 

Athelstan 701 

Augustine 48,50 

Babington Mrs/ denied 
Christian Sepulture 728 

Bahol 168 

B am brough Yv^ ard 560 

Baptists 181 

Barracks in Gt.Britain 83 

Basiere Dr. Isaac 582 

Battle s,B annockburn 
946 ; Brunanburgh, 
701; Carham, 691; 
Flodden Field, 700 ; 
Fulford, 54 ; Gates- 
head Fell, 16] ; Get- 
eringe, 706 ; Halidon 
Hill, 948; Hastings, 
54; Hedgeley, 648; 
HexhamLevels,830 ; 
Homildon Hill, 704; 
MaserJ48; Newburn 
539 ; Otterburn,672 ; 
Eetford, 146 ; Stam- 
fordBridge,54 ; Stan- 
dard, 693. 
Beaumont Family. . . , 823 
Benedictine Order . , 912 
Bells of Woolsingtoa 533 

Bennett Family 679 

Bennet Biscop 913 

Bertrams of Mitford . . 743 
Be^A^cksof CloseHouse 780 

Bewick Thomas 220 

Bigge Family 464, 738, 

784. 
Births and Deaths in 
England and Wales, 
from 1840 to 1850 82 
Blackett Sir Walter. . 220 



Page 
BlackettsofWallington, 
735 ; of Matfen,813 ; 
of W^lam, 789. 
Blakes of Twizell . . 938 
Boadicea, Queen of the 

Icenians 21 

Boniface (Pope) .... 145 

Borderers 63 

Border Laws & Service 64 
Bourne Kev. Henry . . 221 
Bowes Andrew R. S.. . 551 
Brand Eev. John .... 220 
Brandlings of Gosforth 453 

Brislee Tower 599 

Britons, their manners, 

customs, &c 18 

Bruce, King David . . 949 
Buchan, Countess of. . 945 

Cadvan, King 145 

Coenred, King .. 149 

Caedwalla 148 

Caledonians 144 

Canons, Secular and 

Piegular 915 

Canute, (King) 53 

Canon first used in 

Britain 950 

Carlisle, House of . . . . 747 

Carr Wilham 437 

Carthusians 914 

Castles — 

Alnwick. 594 ; Aydon, 
775 ; Bambrough, 
561 ; Barmoor, 683 ; 
Berwick, 941; Bel- 
say, 726; Blenkin- 
sopp, 882; Bothal, 
709; By well, 768; 
Callaley, 654; Cart- 
ington, 628; Chill- 
ingham, 680; Chip- 
chase, 789 ; Cocklaw, 
850; Coupland,70a; 
Dun3tanbroughj575 ; 



INDEX OF SUBJECTS, FAMILIES, AND PERSONS. 



XI. 



Page 
Castles — ■ 
Edlmgham, 643 ; 
Elsdon, 670; Etal, 
698 ; Featherstone, 
884:;Fcrd,699; Hag- 
gerstone, 902 ; Hal- 
ton, 776 ; Harbottle, 
6--24; Haughtoii,863; 
Hepple,630; Hetton, 
931; Horton, 678; 
Horton, 458 ; Keil- 
der, 860 ; Lambley, 
892 ; Langley, 871; 
Lindisfarne,904;Mit- 
ford, 743 ; Morpeth, 
750 ; Newcastle,170; 
Norham, 134 ; Ogle, 
557 ; Otterburn,672 ; 
Prudhoe, 787 ; Roth- 
ley, 733 ; Seaton 
Delaval, 449 ; Sew- 
ing Shields, 31 ; 
Siraonburn, 864 ; 
S taward ,870; S win - 
burn, 797; Tarsefc, 
857; Thirlwall, 34; 
Twizell, 938 ; Tyne- 
mouth, 468 ; Wark, 
693 ; Warkworth,716; 
Widdrington, 721. 
Cassibelan, Prince of 

Cassii 21 

Castle Ward 428 

Catholics 175 

Ceolwulf 149 

Cerdic 40 

Changes in the ancient 
sub-divisions of the 

County 76 

Charities — 

Bambrough Ward, 
559 ; Castle Ward, 
429;CoquetdaleWard 
588 ; MorpethWard, 
707; TindaleWard, 
763- 

See also the Histories 
of the various par- 
ishes and townships 

Charlemagne 150 

Character of the Saxon 

Nations 39 

Charltons of Hesley- 

side 857 

Christianity introduced 
into Britain ...... 23 



Page 

Chevy Chase 672 

Circuits of the Judges 73 

Cistercians 915 

Clavering Family .... 654 

Caxtons of Dilston . . 776 

ClennellLuke 753 

CluniacOrder ,. 9l4 

Coal, distribution of . . 115 

Coal, statistics of 116 

Coiffi 147 

Collieries, &c 126 

Collingwood Admiral 221 
Collingwoods of Bran- 
don 646 

Collingwoods of Es- 

lington 668 

CollingwoodsofLilburn 649 
Collingwoods of Ryle 666 
Conference at New- 
castle 168 

Conflagration, &c. at 

Newcastle 166 

Conflict at TyneBridge 162 

Constantine the Great 22 

Conversion of Edwin 147 
Conversion of the 

Saxons 48 

Copsi and Osulph 539 

Coquetdale Ward 587 

Cotton Manufacture 100 

Coughron George 632 

Count of the Saxon 

Shore 22 

County Magistrates. &c 151 

Cra'iters of Craster . . 575 

Cress well Family 722 

CreweLord, charities of 562 

Cuthbert St 827 

Cyneheard and Cyne- 

wulf ..... 42 

Danish Invasion .... 50 
Danes, Manners and 

Customs of 51 

David of Scotland 162 

Dawes Eev. Eichard . . 222 

Deaneries 76 

Death's Dance 833 

Delaval Admiral .... 538 

Delaval Family 447 

Derwentwater, Earl of 776 
Discovery of Britain. . 16 
Distinction of Classes 
amongst the Nor- 
mans 58 

Distribution of the soil 

of Gfeati JPritain .... 81 



Page 

Doctrines of theDruids 19 

Druidism 19 

Dunbar ,Earls of .... 645 

Duns Scotus 575 

Eadbert, Bp.of Hexham, 829 

Eanred 148 

Eardulf 150 

Early Manufactures . . 94 

Eata 827 

Ecclesiastical Divisions 75 

Edbert 49 

Edgar the Etheling . . 161 

Edilthryda 825 

Edinwold 149 

Edred 52 

Edward the Confessor. 52 

Edward the Elder 53 

Edward 1 168 

Edward II 430 

Edward III 948 

Edward IV 951 

Edward VI 60 

Edwin 145,146, 147 

Egfred 149 

Eldon, Earl of 221 

Elizabeth, Queen .... 60 

Elliott Thomas 796 

Elsdon Forest 669 

English Sovereigns . . 65 

Ermenberga 826 

Erringion Family .... 850 

ErringtonM. andL. . 904 

Ethelberga 145 

Ethelfrid ]45 

Ethelred 53, 150 

Eures of Kirldey .... 546 
Exeter, Duke of ... . 831 
Extent, Population, 
Classification and Im- 
portance of the Brit- 
ish Colonies and Ma- 
ritime Possessicms . . 86 

Fairy Stone 868 

Felton Family 813 

Fentons of Stanton and 

Bywell 739, 767 

Fenwicks of Fen wick 

Tower 809 

Fenwicks of Lemingtou 644 

Fenwicks of Wallington 735 

Fenwick Sir John 809 

Festivals of the Druids 20 

Feudal System 56 

Forsters of Blanchland 790 

Fo wherry. Lord of . . . . 691 

Fridbert, Bp.of Hexham 823 



xu. 



INDEX OF SUBJECTS, FAMILIES, AND PERSONS. 



Friars, different Orders 

of 917 

Friends, Society of . . 182 
Geology of the Lake 

District 979 

Gibson Thomas 753 

Geology of Alnwick 

Parish 589 

Glass, Manufacture of, 203 
Geology of the Howick 

Coast •. 579 

Glendale Ward G75 

Grace Darling 930 

Grainger Eichai-d .... 157 
Grand Ball in a Coal 

Pit 455 

Gregory the Great, 

(Pope) 48, 147 

Greys of Howick .... 581 

Greys of Wark Castle. 079 

Greystocks of Morpeth 747 

Hadrian (Emperor).. 144 

Haggerstone Family. . 902 

Hanno and Himilco. . 16 

Hardicannte 53 

Harles of Kirkharle . . 803 

Harold 53 

Harold II 53 

Harold Hadrada .... 53 
Heaton Colliery, explo- 
sion at 430 

Hengist and Horsa .. 39 

Hereford, Earl of ... . 454 

Heron Giles 876 

Herons of Ford and 

Chipchase 698, 864 

Hepple Family 630 

Horsley John 753 

Horsleys of Longhors- 

ley 738 

Hotspur 593 

Howick Coast, Geology 

of 579 

Hospitals in Great 

Britain 83 

Hundreds 71 

Hutton Chas. L.L.D . . 222 

Ida the Flame Bearer. 144 

Independents 180 

Inhabited Houses and 
Families in Great 
Britain, from 1800 

to 1851 83 

Introductory Eeview. . 16 
James IV. of Scotland 

kiUed 700 



Page 

John (King) 162,430 

John of Hexham .... 838 

JuUus Caesar 21 

Kale Cross 554 

Keelmen, Character of, 138 
King's Chair, Flodden 

Hill 701 

Knights Hospitallers, 917 

Knights Templars 920 

Lake District, Geology 

of 979 

Lakes at Haltwhistle, 
885 ; Prestwick, 533; 
Gosforth, 453 ; Kim- 

mer Lough 645 

Lamberts of Belsay 

Castle 720 

Lamhert's Leap .... 466 
Lancaster, Earl of . . 575 
Languages spoken 
throughout the Brit- 
ish Empire 89 

Law of Population .... 84 

Lead, Iron, ifcc 137 

Lieutenancy of North- 
umberland 131 

Life Boat, Accidents 

with 436 

Lilla, the Thane 148 

Lisle Family 454 

Lough John, Sculptor 729 
Lunatic Asylums in 

Great Britain 83 

Mad Maddison 769 

Magna Charta 58 

Malcolm of Scotland 161, 592 
Manners and Customs 

of the Celtic Races 18 
Manners and Customs 

of the Danes 50 

Manners and Customs 

of the Saxons .... 40 
Martin John, Esq. . . 872 
Manners Family .... 697 
Manors and their Dis- 
tribution 74 

Margaret of Anjou, Es- 
cape of 831 

Mary, Queen 60 

Mary, Queen of Scots . 952 

Massacre of St. Brice. 53 
Mausoleum at Seaton 

Delaval 449 

Methodists 184 

Middletons of Belsay . . 726 

Mitford Family 743 



Page 

Mineral Springs, 446, 628, 

645, 732, 877 
Monastic Life, its ori- 
gin, progress, &c. . . 909 
Monastic Ikstitutions 

Alnwick 595 

Amble 712 

Bambrough 560 

Blanchland 790 

Berwick 957 

Brinkburn 611 

Corbridge 772 

Fame Island 930 

Hexham 829 

Hulne 610 

Holvstone 626 

Lambley 893 

Lindisfarne 905 

Newcastle 168 

Newminster 758 

Ovingham 784 

Tynemouth 468 

Monck Family 726 

Monkchester destroyed 161 

Morpeth Waud .... 706 

Morrison Eobert, D.D. 741 
Mountains and Hills 

of Great Britain . . 108 
Mowbray, Earl of Nor- 
thumberland 162 

Municipal Cities and 

Boroughs 73 

Newcastle, foundation 

of 162 

New Jerusalem Church 185 
Norman Conquest .... 53 
Northumberland, His- 
tory & Description of 111 
Northumberland Dock 526 
NorthumbrianKingsl48,l49, 

151. 
Number of Farms in 

the United Kingdom 82 
Number and Destina- 
of the Emigrants 
from the • United 
Kingdom from 1840 

to 1852 86 

Nuns, various orders of 916 

Ogle Sir Challoner . . 546 

Ogles of Bothal 708 

Ogles of Harbottle . . 624 

Ogles of Causey Park 736 

Ogles of Eglingham. . 647 

Ogles of Ogle 644 

Old & New Poor Laws 78 



INDEX OF SUBJECTS, FAMILIES, AND PERSOKS. 



xm. 



Page 

Ordeals 47 

Origin of Coal 110 

Origin of Tithes .... 77 

Ords of Whitfield . . 894 

Osred 149 

Order of Grandmout 914 

Oswald 148 

Oswio 148 

Osric 140 

Oswulf 149 

Osbald 150 

Parishes 76 

ParliaraentaryBoroughs 74 
PaiiUnus 50, 145, 147, 148 
Parts of England In- 
habited by the Danes 51 
Penda, King of Mercia 148 

Percy's Cross 048 

Percy, House of .... 593 

PercyTenan try Column 599 

Pettigrew William 543 

Pickering George .... 805 
Pilgrimage of Grace 60, 831 
Pitmen, their Dwell- 
ings, Habits, and 

Peculiarities 133 

Prior Richard 838 

Poor I-aw Unions — 

Alnwick 598 

Belford 570 

BeUingham 855 

Berwick 961 

Castle Ward 549 

Glendale 687 

Haltwhistle 880 

Hexham 838 

Morpeth 750 

Newcastle- on- Tyne 553 

Eothbury 630 

Tynemouth 474 

Population of Great 
Britain, &c. from 

1801 to 1851 82 

Presbyterians 179 

Prisons in Gt. Britain 83 

Pytheas 18 

Queen Anne's Bounty 77 

Eadcliffe family 776 

Eailway Traffic in 

1854 1010 

Eebellions of 1715 and 

1745 62 

Eedwald 140 

Eeeds of Chipchase . . 798 
Eeligion of the Celtic 

Eaces 19 



Page 

Eeformation The 59 

Eeligion of the Danes 

and Saxons 37 

Eiddell Family, 014, 797, 808 
Eidleys of Blagdon,and 

Heaton 554 

Eitschell Eev. George 838 
Elvers, railways, roads, 

&c 137 

Eobert, Sou of the Con- 
queror 162 

Eoddam Family 051 

Eobin of Eisingham . . 800 
Eoman government of 

Britain 22 

Eoman Invasion .... 21 
EoMAN Stations. 

03], 041, 040, 073, 

772, 777, 788, 800, 

818, 871, 879, 889, 

890 

Eoman Wall 23 

Eoman Eoads 38 

Eotherham Eev. John 871 

Sanctuary 47 

Sanctuaries abolished 00 

Saxon Invasion .... 39 
Saxons, their manners 

and customs 40 

Saxon Kingdoms , . . . 39 

Saxon Slaves 43 

Scots, or Irish 145 

Scott Sir Walter 37 

Selby Family 621 

Sessional Divisions . . 72 

Severus (Emperor) . . 144 
Shaftoes of Benwell, 551, of 

Barrington, 815, 

Shires 68 

Sidonius, Bishop of 

Clermont 39 

Silk Trade 107 

Silvertop Family 769 

Snowdon Eobert 032 

Spearman Family .... 778 

St. Cuthbert's Coffin 930 

St. John of Beverley. . 827 

St. Paul Family 682 

Stephenson George, Esq. 204 

459 
Stockdale Eev. Percival 584 

Stowel Lord 223 

Strathmore Countess of 551 
Suppression of theMon- 

asteries 59 

Sweyne, King of Denmark 53 



Swinburne Sir John . . 805 

TailboisFamily 629 

Tanistry and Gavelkind 89 

Tankerville House of 071 

The False Alarm 956 

Theodore, Archbiohop 

of Canterbury 285 

Tilbert, Bishop of Hex- 
ham 828 

Tin Islands 17 

Tindale Family 871, 893 

Tindale Ward 702 

Tithes origin of .... 77 
Tomlinson Eev. John, 

Charities of 636 

Tostig 53 

Trevelyans of Nether- 
witton 768, of Wall- 
ington 735 

Trollope Eobert 155 

Trything or Eiding . . 71 

Tumbert 827 

Turner WiUiam, M.D. 753 

Turnpikes,Eailways,&c. 92 

Tweddell John, M.A. 838 
Union of England and 

Scotland 64 

Union of Great Britain 

and Ireland 64 

Unitarians 183 

Umfraville Family 024, 787 
Walbottle,Inundationat 543 
Walcher Bishop, mur- 
der of 379 

Wallace 163,830 

Wallis, Eev. John.. .. 865 
Waltheof, Earl of Nor- 
thumberland 629 

Warkworth Hermitage 718 
Warlike Weapons of 

the Britons 23 

Watson Cuthbert 896 

Wars of the Eoses . . 59 

Widdrington Family. . 721 

Wilfred, Bishop of York 825 

William the Conqueror 54 

William the Lion 592 

William Eufus 162 

Willie of the Wood .. 543 
Willington Colliery, Ex- 
plosion at 529 

Workhouses in Great 

Britain 83 

Working and Manage- 
ment, Discipline and 

Duties of a Coal Mine 129 



SEATS AND RESIDENCES OF TH: 
AND GENTRY 



NOBILITY 



Acomb House, 2 miles N. of Hexham, 

Simon Mewbura, Esq. 
V' Acton Hall, 11 miles N. of Morpeth, Eobt. 

Adams, Esq. 
'- ' Acton House, 11 miles N. of Morpeth, John 

H. Hincle, Esq. 
Adderstone Hall, 4 miles S. of Belford, 

unoccupied 
Alnbam Tower, 9 miles N.N.W, of Eoth- 

bury, Eev. George S. Thompson, Yicar 

of Alnbam 
Alnwick Castle, His Grace the Duke of 

Northumberland 
Angerton Hall, 7 miles W, of Morpeth, 

J. H< H. Atkinson, Esq. 
Arcot Hall, 7 miles N. by E. of Newcastle, 

Henry Shum Storey, Esq. 
Backworth House, 7 miles N.E. of New- 
castle, llev. H. Bunbury 
Bank House, 7 miles S. by E. of Alnwick, 

Thomas Tate, Esq. 
Barm cor Castle, 8 miles N. of Wooler, 

Henry Heathcoate, Esq. 
Barndale House, Alnwick, Hugh Moises, 

Esq., J.P. 
BaAington Hall, 11 miles N.E. of Hexham, 

James Delaval Sbaftoe, Esq. 
Beacon Grange, 1 mile S. of Hexham, Eev, 

W. J. 1). ^Yaddilove 
BeaufroDt, 2 miles N.W. of Corbridge, 

WiUiam Cuthbert, Esq., J.P. 
Belford Hall, 14 miles N. of Alnwick, Eev. 

John D. Clarke, IM.A. 
Belle Yue, Alnwick, George Selby, Esq. J.P. 
Belsay Hall, 9 miles S.W. of Morpeth, Sir 

C. M. L. ]\Ionck, Bart. 
Benridge House, 10 miles N.N.W. of New- 
castle, William E. Blackett, Esq. 
Benton (Long) House, 3 miles N.E. by N. 

of Nevi^castle, Mrs. Ann Atkinson 
t Benton House, 3 miles N.E. of Newcastle, 

Captain Potts and Edward Potts, Esq. 
Benton Lodge, 3 miles N.E. of Newcastle,i. 

■\Yilliam Smith, Esq. 



Benwell Grove, 2 miles W. of Newcastle, 
Charles H. Cooke, Esq. 

Benwell House, 2 miles W. of Newcastle, 
W. Isaac Cookson, Esq. 

Benwell Lodge, 2 miles W. of Newcastle, 
John S. Challoner, Esq. 

Benwell Park, 2 miles W. of Newcastle, 
John P. Mulcaster, Esq. 

Benwell Tower, 2 miles YV". of Newcastle, 
George Anderson, Esq. 

Berrington House, 8 miles S. of Berwick, 
Mrs. Eleanor Grey 

Biddleston Hall, 8 miles W. of Wlntting- 
ham, Walter Selby, Esq. 

Bilton House, 3 milos S.E. by E. of Wark- 
worth, Thomas Tate, Esq. 

Birtley Hall, 11 miles N. by VY. of Hexham, 
Mrs. Erances Crowther 

Black Heddon House, 3 miles N. of Stam- 
forham, James Hepple, Esq. 

Blagdon Hall, 9 miles N. of Newcastle, 
Sir Matthew White Eidley, Bart. 

Blenkinsopp Hall, 2 miles W. of Halt- 
whistle, Colonel John B. Coulson 

Bolam Hall, 9 miles W\S.W^ of Morpeth, 
Lord Decies 

Bolam Yicarage, 9 miles W.S.W. of Mor- 
peth, Eev. Septimus Meggison, B.A. 

Bolton House, 6 miles W. of Alnwick 
Hunter Allgood, Esq; ' 

Brandon White House, 8 miles S. by E. of 
Wooler, John Davidson, Esq. 

Erinkburn Priory, 10 m.iles N.N.Yv'. of 
Morpeth, Major W. H. Cadogan 

Broom Park, G miles W. of Alnwick, Bryan 
Burrell, Esq. 

Erunton House, 5 miles N. by E. of Hex- 
ham, Eev. Charles Lee, M.A. 

Buclle House, 4 miles E. of Belford, Miss 
Anna Maria Grev 

Burroden Hall, 6 miles ^Y.N.W. of Roth- 
bury, Y/illiam Eorster, Esq. 

Buston Hall, 2 miles N. of Warkv/orth, 
Eoger Buston, Esq. 



SEATS AND EESIDENCES OF THE NOBILITY AND GENTRY. 



XV. 



V By well Hall, 4 miles S.E. of Corbridge, 

W. B. Beaumont, Esq. 
^. Callaley Castle, 2 miles YV^.S.W. of Whit- 
tingham, Edward John Clavering, Esq 
Camp Yille, G miles W. by N. of Rotlibury, 
Augustus C. Forster, Esq. 
\^ Capheatoa Hall, 15 miles N.N.E. of Hex- 
ham, Sir John E. Swinburne, Bart. 
Carham Hall, 3 miles W.S.W. of Cold- 
stream, Mrs. Catherine Compton 
Carrycoats Hall, 12 miles N. by E. of 

Hexham, — G-eorge, Esq. 
Carville House, 3^ miles E. of Newcastle, 
Charles Eayne, Esq. 
v' Castle Yale Cottage, near Berwick-upon- 
Tweed, Alexander E. Lowrey, Esq. 
Causeway Park Hall, 6^ miles N. by W. of 

Morpeth 
Charlton Hall, 6 miles N. of Alnwick, 
William Spours, Esq. 
^ Cheeseburn Grange, 12 miles W.N.Yv'. of 

Newcastle, Edward Eiddell, Esq. J. P. 
*- "Chesters, 5 miles N. by W. of Hexham, 
Nathaniel Clayton, Esq. 
Chillingham Castle, 4 miles E. by S. of 
Wooler, The Earl of Tankerville 
>^'" Chipchase Castle, 11 miles N. by Y^. of 
Hexham, E. W. Gray, Esq. 
-^ Chirton West House, 5| miles E. by N. of 
Newcastle, John Eebsou, Esq. 

V Christen Bank, 7 miles N. of Alnv/ick, 

George Dunn, Esq. 
Cliff House, -1 mile \Y. of North Shields, 
George John Fenwick, Esq. 
'- Close House, 8-| miles W. by N. of New- 
castle, Mrs. Margaret Bewick 
Coupland Castle, 5 miles N.W. of Wooler, 

The Earl of Durham 
Cowdon House, 8 miles N. by E. of Hex- 
ham, William Jobling, Esq. 
Cowpen House, 7 miles S.S.E. of Morpeth, 
W. H. M. Sidney, Esq. 
j^'~ Cowpen Hall, 7 miles S.S.E. of Morpeth, 
^ Marlow John F. Sidney, Esq. J.P. 

Coxlodge Hall, 2^ miles N. of Newcastle, v 
John Anderson, Esq. 
a/ Cramlington Hall, miles N.N.E. of New- 
castle,. Hugh Taylor, Esq. 
i.>^ Craster Tower, 6 miles N. by E. of Alnwick, 
T. W. Craster, Esq. 
\/ Cresswell Hall, 9 miles N. E. by E. of 
Morpeth, A. J. Baker Cresswell, Esq. 
Croft House, near Alnwick, Eev. Charles 
Charlton, M.A. 
y- Denton Hall, 3 miles W. of Newcastle,. 

Eichard Hoyle, Esq, 
, Denton (West) House, 3^ miles W. by N. 
of Newcastle, George Angus, Esq. 



-Dissington (North) Hall, 9 miles N.W. 
of Newcastle, E. Collingwood, Esq. J.P. 
*Ditchburn West, G miles N.N.W. of Aln- 
wick, John F. Carr, Esq. 

Dilston House, 1 mile S.W. of Corbridge, 
John Grey, Esq. 
' Eachwick Hall, 9 miles N.W. of Newcastle, 
Eobert Eeay Spearman, Esq. 

Eglinghara Hall, 7 miles N.W. of Alnwick, 
Major Eobert Ogle 

Ellerington Hall, 4§ miles W. of Hexham, 
William Lambert, Esq. 

Elliugham Hall, 7 miles S. by E. of Bel- 
ford, Sir Edward Haggerstone, Bart, 

Elsdon Tower, 20 miles W.N.W, of Mor- 
peth, Eey. John Baillie, rector of Elsdon 

IClswick House, ^ mile \V, of Newcastle, 
(See Newcastle) 
* Eshott Hall, J mile S. by E. of Felton, 
Thomas Brewis, Esq. 

Esiington House, 1^ mile W, of Whitting- 
ham, Hon. Henry T. Liddell, M.P. 

Etal House, 11 miles S.S.W. of Berwick, 
Lord F. Fitzclarence 
- Ewart Park House, 5 miles N. by W. of 
Wooler, Sir Horace St. Paul, Bart. 

Esiington Vicarage, 2 miles W. of Whit- 
tingham, Eev. Eobert Goodenough, 
M.A. 

Fallowden Hall, 7^ miles N. by E. of Aln- 
wick, Sir George Gray 

Featherstone Castle, 4 miles S.W. of Halt- 
whistle, John Clark, Esq. 

Felton Park, 10 miles N. of Morpeth, 
Thomas Eiddle, Esq. J.P. 

Fenham Hall, i mile W.N.W. of New- 
castle, Matthew Eobert Bigge, Esq. 

Flotterton House, 6^ miles W. fey N. of 
Euthbury, Mrs, Weallans 

Ford Castle, 13 miles S. by W. of Berwick, 
The Marquis of Waterford 

Forest Hall, 4 miles N.E, by N, of New- 
castle, F. W. Wilson, Esq. and John 
Hodgson, Esq. 
'- Fowberry Tower, 3§ miles E, of Wooler, 
George CuUey, Esq. 

Glanton House, 2 miles N. of Whittiug- 
hani. Captain Alexander Brown 

Glanton Pyke, 2 miles N. of Yv^hittingham, 
J. W, F. Collingwood, Esq. 

Gloucester House, ^ mile W. of Newcastle, 
Thomas Bell, Esq. 

Goldspink Hall, I mile N.E. of Newcastle, 
Peter Hansen, Esq. 

Gosforth House, 4 miles N. of Newcastle, 
Thomas Smith, Esq. 

Gosforth Low House, 3^ miles N. of New- 
castle, George Fenwick, Esq. 



XVI. 



SEATS AND RESIDENCES OF THE NOBILITY AND GENTRY. 



Greeiises House, 4 miles S. of Benvick, 
Edward Sibbit, Esq. 

Haggerston Castle, 7 miles S. by E. of 
Berwick, Lady Massey Stanley 

Halliwell Dean, f ™i^e E. of Hexham, 
George Marshall, Esq. 

Harbottle Castle, 22 miles S.E. of Morpeth, 
Percival Clennell, Esq. 
^ Harehope House, 1 mile N,W. of Egling- 

ham, 0. A. Baker Cresswell, Esq. 
i Hauxley Cottage, 3 miles S.E. of Wark- 

worth, Henry M. Dand, Esq. 
\- Hazon House, 6 miles S. of Alnwick, John 
Hogg, Esq. 

Healey House, 4 miles S.W. of Bywell, 
Robert Orm^ton, Esq. 
- Heaton Hall, 1^ miles N.E. of Newcastle, 
A. L. Potter, Esq. 

Heckley House, near Alnwick, Mrs. A. 
Eenwick 

Heddon House, 8^- miles W.N.W. of New- 
castle, George Burden, Esq. 

Hedgley House, 4 miles N. by E. of Whit- 
tin gh am, Ealph Carr, Esq. 
V Hesleyside, 2 miles W. of Bellingham,, 
William Henry Charlton, Esq. 

High Warden, 2^ miles N. by W. of Hex- 
ham, John Ei-rington, Esq. 

Higham House, 10 miles N.W. of New- 
castle, Miss Mary Cook Bell 

High Seat House, 9 miles W.N.W. of New- 
castle, John Dobson, Esq. 

Hollin Hall, 2 miles E. by N. of Ovingham, 
Edward James, Esq. 

Hornchflfe Hall, 5 miles S.W. of Berwick. 

Houghton Castle, 0^ miles N. of Hexham, 
Wilham Smith, Esq. 
. Houghton Little, 3^ miles N.E. by E. of 

Alnwick, Henry P. Burrell, Esq. 
. Howick Hall, C miles E.N.E. of Alnwick, 
Earl Grey 

Humshaugh House, 5^ miles N. of Hex-; 
ham, George Carr, Esq. 

Ingram Pvectory, 9 miles S. by E. of 
Wooler, Eev. James Allgood, M.A. 

Jesmond, 1 mile N.N.E. of Newcastle,' 
Carl Lange, Esq. 

Jesmond Cottage, 1 mile N.N.E. of New- 
castle, Matthew Anderson. Esq. 

Jesmond Dean House, 1 mile N.N.E. of 
Newcastle, W. G. Armstrong, Esq. 

Jesmond, West, House, I mile N.N.E. of 
Newcastle, Eichard B. Sanderson 

Kenton Hall, 2 miles N. of Newcastle, 
Captain Samuel Barrett. 

Kenton Lodge, I§ miles N. of Newcastle, 
William Brown, Esq. 



Kielder Castle, 14 miles W.N.W. of Bel- 
lingham, The Duke of Northumberland. 

Killingworth House, 5f miles N.N.E. of 
Newcastle, Nathaniel G. Lambert, Esq. 

Kirkley Hall, 11 miles N.N.W. of New- 
castle, Eev. Edward C. Ogle 

Knaresdale Rectory, 7 miles S.W. of Halt • 
whistle, Eev. Henry Bewsher 

Lemington Hall, 4^ miles N. of Newcastle, 
John Spencer, Esq. 

Lemmington Hall, 4^ miles W. of Aln- 
wick, The Misses Davidson 

Lilburn Tower, 3 miles S.E. of Wooler, 
Edward J. Collingwood, Esq. 

Lindon House, 8 miles N. by W. of Mor- 
peth, unoccupied 

Little Harle Tower, 15 miles W. of Mor- 
peth, Thomas Anderson, Esq. 

Locker Hall, 3 miles N. by W. of Oving- 
ham, George Johnson, Esq. 

Long Hirst House, 3 miles N.E. by E. of 
Morpeth, Wilham Lawson, Esq. J. P. 

Longridge House, 3^ miles S.W. of Ber- 
wick, William Mather, Esq. 

Long Witton Hall, 9 miles W.N.W. of 
Morpeth, Edward S. Trevelyan, Esq. 

Lorbottle House, 4-| miles N. Idy W. of 
Eothbury, Adam Atkinson, Esq. 

Lowlin House, 7 miles S. of Berwick, 
Henry Knight Gregson, Esq. 

Matfen Hall, 15 miles W.N.W. of New- 
castle, Sir Edward Black ett, Bart. 

Meldon Park, 5 miles W. by S. of Morpeth, 
John Cookson, Esq. 

Middleton Hall, near Belford, John Hims- 
worth, Esq. 

Middleton Hall, 2i miles S. by W. of 
Wooler, George H. Hughes, Esq. 

Middleton Hall, 9 miles W. of Morpeth, 
Eobert Coull, Esq. 

Milburn Hall, 11 miles N.W. of Newcastle, 
Nathaniel Bates, Esq. 

Milfield Hall, 6 miles N.W. of Wooler, 
George A. Grey, Esq. 

Minster Acres Hall, 10 miles S.S.E. of 
Hexham, Henry C. Silvertop, Esq. 

Mitford Castle, 2^ miles W. of Morpeth, 
Mrs. Fanny Mitford 

Morpeth High House, 1 mile W. of Mor- 
peth, John Moor, Esq. 

Mor|3eth Rectory, ^ mile S.-of Morpeth, 
The Hon. and Eev. Francis R. Grey 

Morrick Hall, 2 miles W.S.W. of Wark- 
worth, Lieutenant-General Sir John Grey, 
K.C.B. 

Morris Hall, 1 mile N. by E. of Norham, 
Thomas Hodgson, Esq. 



SEATS AND KESIDENCES OF THE NOBILITY AND GENTRY, 



xvu. 



Monnces, 12 miles W.S.W. of Bellingliam, - 

Sir J. E. Swinburne 
Murton House, 3 miles N.W. of North 

Shields, Eobert Hansell, Esq. 
Netherton Hall, 4 miles S. by E. of Mor- 
peth, E. A. Fenwick, Esq., J.P. 
^ Netber "Wittnn Hall, 8 miles N.W. of Mor- 
peth, Ealeigh Trevelyan, Esq. 
Newbum Hall, 5 miles W. by N. of New- 
castle, 3Irs. Elizabeth Hall 
Newton-by-the-Sea, 9 miles N.E. of Aln- 
wick, Joseph G. Forster, Esq. 
Newton Hall, 6 miles S. of Alnwick, Cap- 
tain Edward Widdriugton 
V Newton Hall, 13 miles W. of Newcastle, 
W. F. Blackett, Esq. 
Ninebanks, 4 miles W. by S. of Allendale, 

Matthew Lee and Parker Lee, Esqs. 
North Seatnn Hall, 7 miles E. by N. of 

Morpeth, William Watson, Esq. 
Nunnykirk Hall, 10 miles N.W. of Mor- 
. peth, Cbarles W. Ord, Esq. 

U- Nunwick Hall, 9^ miles N. by W. of Hex- 
ham, E. H. Allgood, Esq. 
Ord Middle, House, 1^ mile S.W. of Ber- 
wick, Mrs. Isabella Grey 
Ord House, 1^ mile S.W. of Berwick, 
James Grieve, Esq. 
V- Otterburn Dean, 3 miles W. of Elsdon. 

E. S. Coward, Esq. 
■-.' Otterburn Tower, 3 miles W. of Elsdon, 
• Thomas James, Esq. 
Ovington Cottage, 1 mileW.N.W. ofOving- 

ham, Henry Hird, Esq. 
Pallinsburn HaU, 4-^- miles E.by S. of Cold- 
stream, unoccupied 
Parkend, 10 miles N. by W. of Hexham, 
John Eidley, Esq. 
^ Pigdon Cottage, 3 miles N.W. by W. of 
IMorpeth, Aubone Surtees, Esq. 
Preston Tower, 8 miles N. of Alnwick, Miss 
Frances J, Craster 
..- Prestwick Lodge, 6^ miles N.AV. of New- ; 
castle, Captain Chailes Shum 
Prudhoe Castle, f mile S.S.E. of Oving- 
ham, Mrs. Sarah Laws 
'- Prudhoe House, 1 mile S.S.E. of Oving- 

ham, John Joseph Humble, Esq. 
i^ Kedesdale Cottage, 7^ miles W.N.W. of 

Elsdon, Edward Lawson, Esq. 
^. Eiding, 5J miles E.N.E. of Hexham, 
Thomas Dodds, Esq. 
Eiding House, 1^ mile S. by W. of Oving- 

ham, William Lyon, Esq. 
Eidley Hall, 6 miles E.hy S. of Haltwhistle, 

Mrs. Susan E. H.Davison 
Eochester Low, 7^ miles W.N.W. of Elsdon, 
William John Gray, Esq. 



Eock Hall, 5 miles N. of Alnwick, Eev. E. 

Bosanquet, J.P. 
.- Eoddara Hall, 6 miles S. by E. of Wooler, 

William Roddam, Esq. 
"Sandhoe House, 2^ miles E.N.E. of Hex- 
ham, Eowland Errington, Esq., J.P. 
Sanson Seal House, near Berwick, Mrs. 

Sarah Mary Forster 
Sandyford Lodge, Newcastle, Ealph 

Naters, Esq. 
Scotswood House, 3 miles W. of Newcastle, 

Mrs. Elizabeth Lister 
Seaton Burn House, 6 miles N. by E. of 

Newcastle, John Walker, Esq. 
Seaton Delaval Hall, in ruins, 11 miles 

N.E. of Newcastle 

- Shawdon House, 7 miles W. of Almvick, 

Mrs. Pawson 
Sheepwash, 5 miles E. of Morpeth, Eev. 

H. Hop wood, M.A., Eector of Bothal 
Shoston Hall, 6 miles E.S.E. of Belford, 

Eev. L. S. Ord, M.A. 
Shoston, New, 6 miles E.S.E. of Belford, 

E. G. Huggup, Esq. 
Sighill House, 7 miles N.N.E. of New- 
castle, Charles Carr, Esq. 
Shotley Hall, 11 miles S.E. of Hexham, 

Thomas Wilson, Esq. 
South Side, 2 miles W.N.W. of Warkworth, 

William Fenwick, Esq. 

- Spittle Hill House, 2 miles W. of Morpeth, 

Benjamin Bullock, Esq., J.P. 

Stagshaw House, 1 mile N.W. of Corbiidge, 
Mrs. Mary Crawhall 

Styford Hall, 2 miles S.E. of Corbridge, 
Charles B. Gre}', Esq. 

Swarland Hall, 12 miles N. of Morpeth, 
Joshua Blackburn, Esq. 

Swinburn Castle, 8 miles N. of Hexham, 
Captain J. B. Coulson 

Tillmouth House, 10 miles S.W. of Ber- 
wick, Sir Francis Blake. Bart. 

Titlington Hall, 6 miles W. by N. of Aln- 
wick, William J. Pawson, Esq. 

Togstone Hall, 2 miles S. of Warkworth, 
Thomas G. Smith, Esq. 

Trewitt House, 5 miles N.W. of Eothbury, 
unoccupied 

Tuggall Hall, 8 miles S.E. by S. of Belford, 
Mrs. Forster 

Twizell Castle, 10 miles S. W. of Berwick, 
Sir Francis Blake, Bart. 

Twizell House, 3^ miles S. of Belford, 
P. Selby, Esq., J.P. 

Ulgham Grange, 7 miles N.E. of Morpeth, 
Thomas L. Tindale, Esq. 

Unthank Hall, 2 miles E. by S. of Halt- 
whistle, Dixon Dixon, Esq. 



SEATS AND RESIDENCES OF THE NOBILITY AND GENTEY. 



Wallbottle Dean House, 4 miles W. of New- 
castle, William Glover, Esq. 
, ^ Wallbottle House, 4 miles W. of Newcastle, 
'^ Archibald Potter, Esq. 
,>. Wallington Hall, J 1^ miles W. of Morpeth, 

Sir Walter C. Trevelyan, Bart. 
Walwick Hall, 5 miles N. of Hexham, 

John Ridlej^ Esq» 
, - Warkworth, 15 miles N.N.E. of Morpeth, 

John Clutterbuck, Esq. 
./ Weetwood Hall, ^ mile E. of Wooler, 

Major John B. Ord 
V Westor Hall, 6^ miles N. of Hexham, 

George Smith, Esq. 
WhitleylHall, 2^ miles N/of North Shields, 

Mrs. Lydia Green 



Whitfield Hall, 12 miles W.S.W. of Hex- 
ham, WilUam Ord Esq. 

Whitley House, 2J miles N. of North 
Shields, John H. Fryer, Esq. 

Whitley Park, 3 miles N. of North Shields, 
unoccupied 

Whitton Tower, 15 miles N.W. of Morpeth, 
Eev. Charles G. V. N. Harcourt, Canon 
of Carhsle, and Eector of Eothbury 

Whorlton Hall, 5 miles N.W. of Newcastle, 
Mrs. Mary Colbeck 

Willington Lodge, 4 miles E. by N. of 

Newcastle, John Coutts, Esq. 
'Woolsington Hall, 5^ miles N.N.W. of 
Newcastle, Matthew Bell, Esq. 

Wylam Hall, 10 mil^s W. of Newcastle, 
G. C. Atkinson, Esq. 



THE FOLLOWING CHANGES HAVE TAKEN PLACE IN THE NEWCASTLE 
DIBECTOEY SINCE THAT POETION OF THE WOEK WAS PEINTED. 



Bowman WilHam E. stationer, Nun's-gate, late Dean- yard. High Bridge 

Cumrains James, corn agent, 43, Sandhill ; ho. 15, Shield-street, Shield-field 

Leideraan & Co. general merchants, Sandhill, late Quay-side 

Harbottle Joha, draper, 17, Dean-street 

Eoach John, eating-house, Graiuger-street 

Smith James & Co. drapers, 25 & 27, Dean street, late Quay-side 

Scheele Wilham, com merchant, Sandliill, late Quay-side; ho. Framlington-place 

Thiedmann E. & Co. corn factors and corn merchants, 29, Sandhill, late Quay-side ; ho. 

Eavensworth-terrace, Gateshead 
Young Edward, notary pubhc, Grey-street, late Sandhill 



INTRODUCTORY REVIEW. 



It is a true and oft-repeated remark, that the Hag of England waves upon 
everv sea, and is known and respected in every land ; yet it is equally true 
that Britain, whose voice can command obedience alike on the hills of Syria 
and the plains of China, and, in couj unction with her gallant ally — France, on 
the banks of the Alma and the heights of Inkermann, wa,3 once as insignifi- 
cant and as little known as the aborigines of the South Sea Islands at the 
commencement of the last century. Britain was accidentally discovered by one 
of the ci^ilised nations, and -when the news became noised abroad, it was then 
sought by the natives of other countries, as the islands and continent of America 
were b}^ the companions and followers of Columbus. In this sketch of the 
general history of our country, we shall endeavour to set before the reader an 
outline of the manners and customs of our ancestors, convinced as we are that 
it is in these, and not in the battles and contests of our kings, that we must 
seek for the origin of the liberties and privileges which we now enjoy. 

Six centuries prior to the Christian era, at a period when the tin-mines of 
Spain began to be exhausted, the Phoenicians of Cadiz discovered certain 
islands where the metal was found in great abundance. To monopolise so 
valuable a branch of commerce, they carefully concealed the place from the 
knowledge of their neighbours ; and about five centuries before the birth of 
Christ, Herodotus candidly acknowdedged his inability to discover the real 
position of the " Tin Islands." Carthage, then in the pride of youth and 
power, had made repeated efforts to discover them, and, determined to 
be no longer baffled, fitted out two powerfid fleets, and placed them under the 
command of the celebrated brothers, Hanno and Himilco. Having passed 
through the Straits of Gibraltar, Hanno turned to the left, and explored the 
coast of Africa. Himilco, shaping his course to the north, crept along the 
Spanish coast, stretched, by accident-or design, across the ocean, and in the 
fourth month discovered the object of his search. In the fragments of his 
journal, preserved by Avienus, he caUs them the " ^Estrymnides ;" describes 
them as close to Albion, and two days sale from "the sacred isle of the 
Hibernians." He adds, that the inhabitants were accustomed to put to sea, 



18 INTRODUCTOEY REVIEW. 

and trade from isle to isle, in boats built of dicker-work, and coveredVith 
hides. From this description, there can be little doubt that he alludes to the 
Scilly Islands. 

The success of the Carthaginians awakened the hopes of the Grecian 
colonists of Massilla (the present Marseilles), and Pytheas, their most cele- 
brated navigator, during bis voyage in the north seas, bad also the good 
fortune to discover the " Tin Islands." When tbe inbabitants of Marseilles 
and the Roman colonists of Narboune found means to share in the traffic, 
tbey conveyed the tin to the opposite shores of Gaul, and then overland to 
the Mediterranean. Wben Greek and Phoenician alike had sunk beneath the 
energies of Ptome, an active trade was still maintained with Gaul ; and wben 
the natives had acquired the knowledge of a more scientific process of mining 
from Crassus, the Roman, their peculiar metal became famous throughout the 
world, being conveyed, it would appear, across the Syrian deserts to the remote 
confines of Hindostan. 

From the scanty notices found in the Greek and Roman writers, from 
resemblance of language and manners, and from the traditions of the Irish 
and Welsh, it is agreed that the mass of tbe population of England, at the 
time preceding tbe Roman invasion, belonged to the great Celtic family, wbich 
had once overspread the greater part of Europe, and which still peopled Gaul, 
Britain, Ireland, and part of Spain. Of the form of government among the 
Britons, we know but little. All that we know with any degree of certainty 
is, that females were not excluded from political power ; that the succession 
in some cases depended on the will of a dying chief ; that sometimes a tribe 
was ruled by one, sometimes by several warriors, and that occasionally several 
tribes confederated under the guidance of a single leader. How far the 
people had any share in the government, or what were their various classes 
and privileges, are questions which have never been satisfactorily answered. 
Tacitus tells us that the Celts of Britain resembled those of Ireland, no less 
in theh manners and dispositions, than in their soil and climate ; and as we 
know that the Irish have always clung with the greatest tenacity to the 
manners and customs of their ancestors, we may reasonably suppose that the 
Irish institutions of the fifth and follow^ing centuries were similar to those of 
the Britons at a somewhat earlier period. The most prominent of the Irish 
institutions were those of the tanistry and gavelJdnd, the former of w-hich 
regulated tho different degrees of rank and dignity, while the latter regulated 
the laws of inheritance. 

The whole of the Irish population was divided into septs or clans, each 
under its own chief, who was called the Canjinny or Dynast. These chiefs 
did not always enjoy independence, but, in many instances, were subject to 
others who bore the title of kings. Of these kings, the most powerful bore 
the title of Ardriagh, and claimed sovereignty over the whole countiy. All 
these dignities, from the highest to the lowest, were regulated by the law of 
tanistry above mentioned. TJie heir-apparent or tanist, was elected by the 
votes of the sept, and, generally during the lifetime of the chief. The eldest 
of the name and family, if neither deformed nor degraded by cowardice or 



INTEODUCTOEY EEVIEW, 19 

crime, had the best title. If the reigning family could not supply a proper 
person, the tanist was selected from the next branch or family. Quarrels and 
bloodshed were often engendered by this system. Every kingdom, every 
sept was divided by conflicting interests, and the place of election was often 
the scene of blood. The laws of inheritance and primogeniture were as little 
known in the distribution of lands as in that of titles and dignities. On the 
death of any proprietor, all the lands of the sept, to which he belonged, were 
surrendered to the canfinny, and were by him again shared out amongst all 
the men of the sept, without distinction of birth. Females were never 
allowed to become proprietors ; this species of gavelkind existed in remote 
pges among the Germans, and as late as the fourteenth century among the 
AVelsh. In Kent, and other parts of England, some traces of its existence, 
though in a modified form, may still be discovered. 

Of the rehgion of the Celtic races, our knowledge is principally derived 
from Greek and Roman descriptions of Gaul; of its actual condition in Britain, 
we seldom obtain even a passmg glimpse. The religion of the "natives appears 
to have been that of the Druids, whether it had been brought to them from 
Gaul, as is the more natural supposition, or, as Ceesar asserts, invented in the 
island. The Druids adored, under different names, the same gods as the 
Greeks and Romans. To these they added a multitude of local deities, the 
genii of the woods, rivers, and mountains. They regarded the oak and its 
productions as sacred ; to its trunk they bound the victim intended for sacri- 
fice, and its leaves they wore in chaplets on every solemnity. When it bore 
^he mistletoe, two white heifers were immolated beneath its branches, a DruicT" 
then mounted the tree, and lopped the plant with a golden knife, while a 
second Druid, standing beneath, caught it in the folds of his robe, and a 
religious feast terminated the ceremonies of the day. The dwelling of the 
Druids was a hut or cavern in the most secluded part of the forest. There, in 
the middle of the day or night, the trembling votary of superstition w^as ad- 
mitted to offer his prayer, and listen to the oracles of the god. In peace they 
offered the fruits of the earth, and in v/ar they devoted to the god of battles 
the spoils of the energy. The cattle were slaughtered in his honour, and a 
pile, fonned of the rest of the booty, was consecrated as a monument of his 
powerful assistance. But, in the hour of danger or distress, human sacrifices 
were deemed the most efficacious. Impelled by a superstition, wdiich steeled 
all the feelings of humanity, tbe officiating priest plunged his dagger into the 
breast of the victim, and from the rapidity with which the blood issued from 
the wound, and the convulsions in which the sufterer expired, announced tlie 
future happiness or calamity of his country. 

To the veneration enjoyed by the British Druids from their priestly character, 
must be added the respect which the reputation of knowdedge never fails to 
extort from the ignorant. They professed to be the depositories of a myste- 
rious science, far above the comprehension of the vulgar, and their schools were 
open to none but the sons of illustrious families. Such was their fame, that 
the Druids of Gaul, to attain the perfection of the institute, did not disdain to 
study under their brethren of Britain. The Druids, we are informed, were 



20 INTRODUCTORY REVIEW. 

acquainted "v\'itli the Greek alphabet, which they probably learned from the 
Greeks of Marseilles. But to what use this knowledge was applied can only 
be a matter of conjecture, for it is certain, that to secure their doctrines from 
the uninitiated, they not only required profound secrecy, but, in a great 
measure, if not entirely, forbade the use of letters, communicating all their 
learning through the medium of verse. Of tenets thus anxiously concealed, 
it is not to be expected that much should be distinctly known. The follow- 
ing particulars have been collected from the few notices contained in the 
ancient historians, compared with the doctrines peculiar to the bards. The Druids 
discussed the nature and the providence of God ; the motions and influence of 
the stars, and the figure, size, formation, and final desti-iiction of the world. 
They practised divination, and professed to have some acquaintance with medi- 
cine and botany. They declared that the object of their order was "to reform 
morals, to secure peace, and to encourage goodness ;" to effect this they incul- 
cated obedience to the laws of God, kindness to man, and fortitude in all the 
vicissitudes of life. Man, according to them, is in a circle of courses ; good and 
evil are placed before him, if he choose the former, death places him in the circle 
of felicity, if the latter, his soul is doomed to animate the body of a beast or 
reptile, and again, that of a man, until it be sufficiently purified for its predes- 
tined happiness. The Druids observed four principal festivals, namely, — 
the first day of the year, which was then on the 1 0th of March, May-day, 
Midsummer-eve, and the last day in October. The bonfires which, in some 
places, are still lighted on those days, and the use of the mistletoe, are 
lingering traces of Druidism. Stonehenge is supposed by some to have 
been a temple of the Druids, while others, judging from the religious edifices of 
India, have ventured to call it a temple of Buddha. The principal abodes of the 
Druids were the two Monas,theislesof Anglesea and Man. Their name is sup- 
posed to have been derived from " Drui," a Celtic term for the oak. They were 
exempted from taxes, and from military service. In national assemblies their 
opinion was always asked and generally obeyed, and in trials, both civil and crimi- 
nal, they were the only arbiters. Those that refused to render them obedience 
were driven from the sacrifices, and put out of the protection of the law. The 
Druids are considered by some writers to have consisted of three classes ; 
Druids proper, vates, and bards. If such a division be not imaginary, the' 
offices peculiar to the two former are forgotten. The bards poured forth 
their hispirations to the sound of the harp — in the field their wild strains 
kindled the fury of battle in the souls of warriors — returning home, they 
sung, at the festal board, the praises of the living and the exploits of the- 
dead, and every bosom glowed with admiration of the heroes whom they 
celebrated, and of the sentiments which they aimed to inspire. 

Count Stolberg has drawn a singular comparison between the Brah- 
mins of India and the Druids of Britain. "I see between them but 
a single difterence ; it is that the order of Druids was not hereditary. Both 
adored the sun, the earth, the moon, the stars, and other gods that correspond 
to the Olympus of the Greeks. But above all these idols, they adored one 
single, Eternal Being, unknown to the Grecian mythology. Both taught the 



INTEODUCTORY EEVIEW. 21 

immortality of the soul, both taught the destruction of the world by fire, 
aud its periodical renovations — both boasted of a peculiar intercourse with the 
gods, and both practised divination and magic — both had a language and 
writing, differing from the language and writing of the profane — both taught 
their disciples a great number of verses — both had the exclusive superintend- 
ence of worship, and offered to their idols a multitude of human victims — ■ 
both practised the art of medicine — -both were guardians and avengers of the 
law — both were known by their mystic wands, by their white garments, by 
their predilection for white — both erected vast temples, the circular outline 
of which like the temples of Mithra, in Persia, betokened the sun, and the 
oval sanctuary of which betokened the earth." 

Sach was Britain in its youngest days, savage, but free, idolatrous, but as 
yet untainted with the vices of Rome. The moment, however, was at hand 
when its savage freedom, and savage rites, were alike to terminate. Rome 
had heard of Britain and resolved to make it its prey. Julius Caesar, in the 
short space of three years, had conducted his victorious legions from the 
foot of the Alps to the mouth of the Rhine. From the coast of the Morini 
he could perceive the chalky cliffs of the neighbouring island, and the 
conqueror of Gaul aspired to the glory of adding Britain to the imperial 
dominions. The Britons, by aiding his enemies the Veneti, supplied him 
with a decent pretext for hostilities, and on the 26th of August, in the fifty- 
fifth year before the Christian era, Caesar sailed from Calais, with the infantry 
of two legions. To cross the strait was only the work of a few hours, but, 
when he saw the opposite heights crowned with multitudes of armed men, 
he altered his course, and steering along the shore, cast anchor before the 
spot now occupied by the town of Deal. The natives carefully followed the 
motions of the fleet, and by their gestures and shouts, bade defiance to the 
invaders. The appearance of the naked barbarians, and a superstitious fear 
of offending the gods of this unknovv^n world, spread a temporary alarm among 
the Romans, but after a short pause, the standard bearer of the tenth legion, 
calling upon his comrades to follow him, leaped with his eagle into the sea, 
detachments instantly poured forth from the nearest boats, the beach, after 
a short struggle was gained, and the untaught valour of the natives yielded to 
the arms and the discipline of their enemies. Caesar was able to effect little 
more than a landing, and after a stay of three weeks he went back to Gaul. 
In the following spring he returned, with 800 ships and an army of no less 
than five legions and 2,000 cavalry. He was opposed by Cassibelan, 
prince of the Cassii, who, avoiding a general engagement, lost no opportunity 
of annoying the invading army. After a desultory campaign, Caesar, wear_^ 
of a profitless war and uneasy at the hostile appearance of the Gauls, received 
hostages, and a promise of tribute from Cassibelan, and abandoned the island 
for ever. Although alarmed by the Roman attack upon their sea-girt isle, the 
Britons remained secure and undisturbed for nearly si century, until the reign 
of Claudius, when the island was again invaded, and after many vicissitudes 
of fortune and a resistance of long duration, in which were most conspicuous 
the cherished and well remembered names of Boadicea, queen of the Icenians, 



23 IXTEODUCTOEY BE VIEW. 

Caractacus, king of the Silmians, and Galgagus, king of the Caledonians, the 
principal portion of Britain was subjected to the Romans who immediately 
introduced their own laws and language. 

During the time that the Eomans and Britons were contending, with varying 
success, — the former for universal dominion, the latter for " their altars and 
their homes," — it must necessarily have happened that excesses should be 
perpetrated, with violent confiscations of the lauds of different British chiefs. 
These spoliations were not, however, by any means general. It is probable 
that they entirely ceased after the reign of the Emperor Claudius, and, when 
Caracalla granted to all provincials the privileges of Roman citizens, the Britons 
enjoyed their estates unmolested. Indeed we find some of their chiefs not 
only confirmed in their possessions, but that these possessions were increased 
by the Romans, who, as the old writers inform us, gloried in the vassalage of 
ancient sovereigns. Thus the British chiefs who remained faithful to their 
conquerors were made sovereigns of principalities, ruling them according to 
their ancient customs, and only rendering homage to the Roman governor, 
who took the place of the former monarch. In these times of ease, the island 
of Britain grew up to great civilisation, refinement, and splendour. Monu- 
ments of Roman magnificence filled the country, the arts were cultivated, 
eloquence expanded its powers in the polite language of Rome, and the ruins 
of the temples, the theatres, and the baths of that era, excite at the present 
time our wonder and admiration. 

The peaceful and prosperous days of Britain continued until the departure 
of Constantine, who is supposed to have been of British blood, about the year 
408. Antecedent to this period, the Saxons from the Elbe, the Weser, and 
the shores of the Baltic, had made frequent descents upon the coasts of Bri- 
tain, so that a Roman ofiicer was appointed, who bore the title of Comes Lit oris 
Saxon joer BritcuDdam, and whose duty it was to guard what was called the 
Saxon shore, or that lying most exposed to their depredations. ^ The first large 
party of Saxons which landed in England, was that led by Hengist and Horsa, 
who made their appearance about the year 455. It seems that Aurelian, or 
Aurelius Ambrosius, a descendant of one of the Roman emperors who had 
ruled in Britain, was a claimant for the government of the island, and that, 
in order to resist his pretensions, as also to oppose the hordes of Scots and 
Picts which were now pouring into Britain, carrying devastation and terror 
wherever they appeared, Vortigeru, a British king, invited over the Saxon 
Jutes in 449. These auxiliaries, at first, did good service to the Britons, but 
jealousies very soon arose, and the two nations engaged in open war. The 
Saxons were at times driven to their ships, but being reinforced by numbers 
of their countrymen from the continent, they slowly but surely penetrated to 
the heart of the country, and in 586 had established the Heptarchy, or rather 
the Octarchy, for there were eight, not seven, kingdoms founded during 
the Anglo-Saxon period. After this time we find the Britons occasionally 
siding ^vith one or other of the three invading tribes, who were con- 
tinually at war vith each other for the supremacy. 

The Druidical faith endured long and lastingly among the Britons, who 



INTRODUCTORY REVIEW. S3 

reluctantly submitted to the doctrines of Christianity, v/hicli were only at first 
received by the higher class of Eomauised Britons, although it would appear 
that the inhabitants of London and Yerulam profitted by the zeal of Pope 
Eleutherius and the piety of Lucius, the British king. 

The warlike weapons of the ancient Britons were the bow, arrows headed 
with flint, an oaken club, and a spear or javelin. The Britons of the interior, 
who seem to have been more civilised than the others, carried the tarian, a 
circular flat shield, rather more than two feet in diameter, having a large boss 
in the centre. It was m.ade of a mixture of copper and tin. Their other 
weapons were a rude spear, and a battle-axe, very simiJar to the tomahawk of 
Ihe American Indians. In addition to the infantry, the Britons possessed 
cavalfy, and war chariots armed with scythes affixed to the wheels ; the latter 
carried, at first, great terror amongst the veteran soldiers of Rome. When 
alarmed by the approach of an enemy, the Britons placed their wives, chil- 
dren, and cattle iu the entrenchment or citadel thrown up by each tribe. 
Besides these strongholds, the British armies threvv up hastily -formed circular 
entrenchments on the advance or retreat of an enemy, and which, like the 
Roman castra, consisted of a single vallum and ditch, The term given to 
these was Caer, from the word Cae, which means, both in the British and Irish 
languages, "an enclosure," and is the origin of the Saxon Ceaster, Cester, 
Clstcr, and Chester, for, as the British and Roman entrenchments were alike 
in form, the British term was also applied to the Roman castra by the 
inhabitants. 



ROMAN REMAINS. 

Many striking evidences of the stupendous public works accomplished by 
the Romans during then- residence in this country still remain. In no part 
of the world are there such evident traces of the march of the imperial legions 
as in Britain. In its northern parts especiahy, the footprints of the conquerors 
of the world are very distinct, and Wallis justly observes that " Northumberland 
is Roman ground."- No monument in England can be compared to the 
" Great Wall," the becoming offspring of the race whose name filled the earth. 
The Roman emperors bestowed extraordinary attention on their public roads 
and walls, and at a distance of 1400 years, we can trace, in legible characters, 
the labours of the " mistress of the world." 

The Great Roman Wall. — About A.D. 81, JuHus Agricola, in order to 
protect the northern limits of the Roman territories in Britain, against the 
incursions of the Caledonians, extended an artificial rampart or valhnn, 
consisting of a chain of forts, across the island, from Tyuemouth to Bowness, 
a distance of about 74 miles, in a parallel line with the northern shores of the 
Tyne and Irthing; and, in the year 121, Hadrian commanded a more formid- 
able rampart or military fence to be raised, which was carried on from the Sol- 
way Frith to Wallsend, on the Tyne, nearly four miles below Newcastle. This 
great fortification consisted of three parts, viz :— A stone wall, strengthened 



24 INTEODUCTORY REVIEW. 

by a ditch on its northern side, a turf wall, or vallum, to the south of the 
stone wall, and stations, castles, watch-towers, and roads, for the accommoda- 
tion of the military who manned the barrier, and for the safe and quick transit 
of military stores. The latter were situated, for the most part, between the 
stone wall and the earthen rampart. These works proceeded from one side of 
the island to the other in a nearly direct line, and in comparative close com- 
panionship. The stone wall and earthen rampart were generally within sixty 
or seventy yards of each other, but the nature of the country through which 
they passed caused the distance to vaiy considerably. In some places they were 
very close, whilst in others they were more than half a mile apart. Midway 
between the seas, the country attains a considerable elevation ; here the stone 
wall was built upon the highest ridges, while the vallum ran along the valley. 
Both works were, however, so arranged as to afford each other the greatest 
amount of support which the nature of the country allowed. Throughout the 
whole of its length, the wall was accompanied on its northern margin by a broad 
and deep fosse, which, by increasing the comparative height of the wall, would 
add greatly to its strength. This portion of the barrier may still be traced, 
with trifling interruptions, from sea to sea. The size of the fosse in several 
places is still considerable. To the east of Heddon-on-the-Wall, it measures 
thirty-four feet across the top, and nearly nine feet deep, and as it descends the 
hill from Carvoran to Thirlwall, it measures forty feet across the top, four- 
teen across the bottom, and is ten feet deep. Westward of Tepper Moor is a 
portion which, reckoning from the top of the mound on its northern margin, 
has a depth of twenty feet. Many historians ascribe the building of this stone 
wall to Severus. The vallum, or turf wall, was uniformly to the south of the 
stone wall. It consisted of three ramparts and a fosse. One of these ramparts 
was placed upon the southern edge of the ditch, the two others, of larger 
dimensions, stood, one to the north, and the other to the south of it, at the 
distance of about twenty-four feet. The ramparts, in some parts of the line, 
stand, even at present, six or seven feet above the level of the surrounding 
ground. They are composed of earth, mingled, not unfrequently, with masses 
of stone. The fosse of the vallum is of a character similar to the fosse of the 
stone wall, but judging from present appearances, its dimensions have been 
rather less. 

The stations on the line of the wall were military cities, adapted for the 
residence of the chief who commanded the district, and providing secure 
lodgment for the powerful body of soldiers under his command. The stations 
were not placed at regular distances from each other, but stood, generally, 
thickest near both ends and the middle of the wall, probably on account of 
those places being considered more exposed to danger. They were uniformly 
quadrangular in shape, though somewhat rounded at the comers, and contained 
an area of from three to five acres. They were enclosed by a stone wall five 
feet in thickness, and were, probably, in every instance strengthened by a fosse, 
and one or more earthen ramparts. 

In addition to the stations, castella were provided for the use of the troops 
who garrisoned the wall. They have been called, in modern times, "mile 



INTRODtlCTOny EEVIEW, 25 

castles," from tlie circumstance of their being usually placed at the distance 
of a Roman mile from each other. They were quadrangular buildings, differ- 
ing somewhat in size, but usually measuring from sixty to seventy feet in each 
direction. With two exceptions, they have been placed against the southern 
face of the wall. These castella have generally had but one entrance gate, 
which was of very substantial masonry, and was uniformly placed in the centre 
of the south wall. 

Between the castella, four subsidiary buildings, generally denominafe^d turrets 
or luatch-towers, were placed. They w^ere little more than stone sentry boxes, 
containing an interior space of eight or ten feet square. Though small 
buildings, they were, like all the works of the Romans, built for perpetuity. 
Hodgson found the walls of one near Bird Oswald to be nearly three feet 
thick. 

But these arrangements were not enough ; without roads, one important 
element in the strength of this great barrier would have been wanting. It 
had its military way, which is usually about seventeen feet wide, and 
is composed of rubble so arranged as to present a rounded surface, elevated in 
its centre twelve or eighteen inches abore the adjoining ground. When 
carried along the slope of a hill, the hanging side is made up by large kerb 
stones. In most places where it still remains, it is completely grass grown, 
but may, notwithstanding, be easily distinguished from the neighbouring 
ground by the colour of its herbage, the dryness of the substratum allowing 
the growth of a finer description of plant. For the same reason a sheep-track 
generally runs along it. For the accommodation of the soldiery, the road went 
from castle to castle, and so, from station to station. In doing this it did 
not always keep close to the wall, but took the easiest path between the required 
points. In traversing the precipitous grounds between Sewing-shields and 
Thirlwall, the ingenuity of the engineer has been severely tried, but most 
successfully has he performed his task. Whilst, as previously observed, the 
wall shoots over the highest and steepest summits, the road pursues its 
tortuous course from one platform of the rock to another, so as to bring the 
traveller from mile-castle to mile-castle by the easiest possible gradients. 

Although the road, now described, has probably been the only carriage way 
between the two great lines of fortification, another situated to the south of 
them, has afforded direct communication between some of the inland stations. 
From Ctlurnum to Magna, the wall form& a curved line, in order to gain the 
highest hills of the district. For the accommodation of those whose business 
did not require them to call at any intermediate points, a road went like the 
string of a bow, direct from the one station to the other. This road went 
near the modern village of Newburgh, where Roman remains are occasionally 
found, and passed by the north gate of Vindolana, Chesterholme, near to which 
a Roman mile-stone still stands. It is probable that this Roman military way 
was further continued, south of the wall, direct to Stanwix. 

These numerous stations, castella, and towers, required a considerable body 
of troops to garrison them, and the following figures show the usual iiumber 
of men engaged in this service, viz.; — 

B 2 



26 INTEODUCTORY REVIEW. 

Twelve cohorts of Foot, consisting of 600 men each 7,200 

One cohort of Mariners, in the sta.tion of Bowness 600 

One detachment of Moors, probably about 600 

Four alee, or wings of Horse, of 400 each 1,600 

Total number of men _.. 10,000 



Segedunum, now Wallsend, occupies the first place in the list of stations 
given in the Notitia, and was garrisoned bj the iirst cohort of the Lingones. 
This station covered an area of three acres and a-half. In Dr. Horsley's 
time, the ramparts were distinctly visible, and there were evident remains of 
three turrets at its western, eastern, and southern corners. At present, the 
north fosse of the wail may be traced in the vicinity of Carville Hall, the 
" Cousin's House" of Horsley, and a gravelled path for some distance occupies 
the site of the wall. Vestiges of the ditch are still perceptible behind the 
Methodist Chapel, but beyond that it is quite obliterated. The ramparts of 
the northern section of the station have entirely disappeared, but a grassy 
mound, risiug above the general level of the soil, plainly shows the situation 
of the southern portion. Yfe may still recognise the continuation of the 
eastern wall of the station down the bank to the edge of the river, not only 
by the gentle elevation which it forms, but by the fragments of Roman mortar, 
Eoman tiles, and coarse-grained sandstone not proper to the district, which 
may be found on it. The ruins of the suburban buildings may be traced by 
the undulations which mark the surface of the ground to the north and east 
of the site formerly occupied by the station. The fosse which defended the. 
eastern rampart may still be distinguished, and generally contains a little 
vrater. The western side of the camp vras protected by an extensive natural 
valley, which some years ago was partly filled np in order to form the waggon 
.way, which, proceeding from Wallsend Colliery, seems to enter the station by 
its western portal, and to leave it by its eastern, exactly following the via 
princijjaUs of the camp. Of the north division of the station, the only trace 
now remaining consists of the road leading from Segedunum to the outposts at 
Blake Chesters and Tyuemouth. This causevvay extends from the station to 
the north of the Shields Railway, and is formed of a mass of rubble, about 
tv;o feet deep by eleven yards wide. It cannot be ploughed, and nothing that 
requires any depth of earth will grov/ upon it. Four centurial stones, and an 
altar dedicated to Jupiter, have been found here, together with large quantities 
of horns and bones of various animals, fragments of pottery, Roman tegula, 
coins, rings, and other remain s. 

By means of its northern fosse, the course of the wall may be distinctly 
traced from this station to Bjd^er, and the road, which is seen stretching in a 
straight line up the hill to the latter place, indicates the direction of the wall, 
which stood on the south side of the present road. Between Byker and New- 
castle, all traces of the wall are nov7 nearly destroyed. One of the castella 
formerly occupied the bank overlooking the Ousebura, which was crossed by 
the wall, about one hundred and fifty yards south of the present railway 



TNTEOBUCTORY EEVIE^Y. S7 

viaduct ; but liere we lose sight of it, not being able to trace its course through 
Xewcastle with much accuracy. A recent writer gives the following descrip- 
tion of its route, as the most probable: — " Kising from the western bank of 
the Ouseburn, it traversed the north side of Stepney-bank, passed through 
the gardens at the Red Barns, along the site of the present Melbourne-street, 
and, proceeding behind the Keelmen's Hospital, came to the sallyport. Thence 
the wall went over the crest of the hill still called Wall-Knowle, where its 
foundations were turned up about the middle of the last century. It crossed 
Pandon Dean on the north side of the locality called the Stock Bridge, and, 
in its western course, ascended the steep hill, on whose summit All Saints' 
Church now stands. Crossing Pilgrim-street a little above Silver-street, the 
course of the wall is indicated by the present narrow street called the Low 
Bridge. Lelaud tehs us that the church of St. Nicholas stood on the Picts' 
wall, which, after leaving the church, crossed Collingwood- street in an 
oblique direction, and, passing by St. John's Church, the Vicarage House, and 
the Assembly Rooms, reached the town wall somewhat to the north of the site 
occupied by the ancient West-gate. 

Pons ^lii, the second station on the wall was garrisoned by the Coliors 
Cornoviorum. The Rev. J. C. Bruce thus defines the limits of this station: — • 
" The v/all passing through the site of St. Nicholas's Church w^ould of course be 
its northern boundary. A line coming from the church, and adapting itself to 
the crest of the hill that overhangs Dean-street, crossing the Head-of-the-Side 
and stretching as far as the elevated angle on which the County Courts 
now stand, will probably mark its eastern boundary. The southern rampart 
would run from this angle along the edge of the cliff overhanging the Close as 
far as the site of the White Friar Tov^-er, which stood at the head of the present 
Hanover-street, the western wall may have run in the line of the Town Wail, 
as far as Neville Tower, and then have struck up in a straight line to 
meet the great wail. Westward of this boundary, the ground slopes down to the 
Skinner Burn. If these lines are correctly drawn Roman Newcastle would 
contain sixteen acres." 

Several discoveries have determined the ground which the Romans occupied 
here. In February, 1810, while digging the foundations of the Moot Hall, 
several antiquities were discovered. At the depth of about five feet from the 
surface, a well of Roman masonry was found near the edge of the bank, and 
about the centre of the present building. In order to raise it to the requii-ed 
level, a very strong wall in the form of a trapezium, and enclosing about ten 
square yards, had been constructed on frame vfork of oaken beams, fixed 
perpendicularly and horizontally in the river's bank, and filled uj) within and 
without with clear blue clay. These beams were in good preservation, and 
near the bottom of two of them, that were placed perpendicularly, stags' horns 
of great size and thickness were found. Two Roman altars were found near 
the north-east corner of the Court House, and large quantities of Roman 
pottery, two copper coins of Antoninus Pius, and a part of a richly fluted 
Corinthian column, were also discovered. Near the altars were found a small 
axe, a concave stone, bearing marks of fire, split and with thin flakes of 



28 INTRODUCTORY REVIEW. 

lead in the fissures, also fragments of millstones, and foundations of walls, 
firm and impenatrable as the hardest rock. 

In cutting the crest of the hill in front of the castle for one of the piers of the 
railway viaduct, a small stone figure of Mercury was found, and is now pre- 
served in the museum of the castle. Between the years 1840 and 1844, the 
White Friar Tower, and the contiguous portions of the Town Wall of New- 
castle were removed, when two Koman altars were discovered, which are now 
in the possession of the Society of Antiquaries, Newcastle. Several coins 
were also found. 

The station of Pons ^lii was connected by a bridge across the Tyne with a 
Roman road which proceeded from the south bank of the river to Chester-le- 
street, and thence to the south of England. In 1771 a flood having carried away 
several of the arches of the bridge which then existed, and materially damaged 
the rest of the structure, it was found necessary to erect a new one. In 
clearing away the rubbish of the bridge, the stones were so firmly cemented 
together, that they were obliged to be separated by mall and hammer, and on 
disjoining two stones, they discovered a parchment, with old characters which 
were very legible but on being e:tposed to the air they disappeared 
and the parchment crumbled away. This bridge had been built on the old 
Roman foundations, as appeared by several coins and medals of Trajan, Had- 
rian, and other emperors, being discovered in the ruins of the old piers. 
Newcastle is said to have derived its name of Pons ^lii from the Emperor 
Hadrian, who was of the ^lian family. 

Between Newcastle and Benwell-hill, the traces of the works are faint, but 
interesting. The turnpike road runs upon the bed of the prostrate wall, so 
that, except occasionally in a neighbouring building, not one stone of it is to 
be seen. A kind of depression, which runs nearly all the way parallel with 
the road, on the traveller's right hand, shows pretty clearly the situation of 
the north fosse. The course of the vallum may be recognised with tolerable 
certainty, on the left of the road. A small, but well defined, portion of it is 
met with immediately after leaving the town, behind a row of houses, which 
bears the appropriate name of Adrianople. 

CoNDEEcuM. — x\bout two milos from Newcastle and near the modern village 
of Benwell stood the third station of the line, Condercum. The present turn- 
pike road runs through it, occupying, in all probability, veiy nearly the site of 
its ancient via principalis. The traces of this station have almost disappeared, 
and it is only by a careful scrutiny that its site can, with any degree of 
certainty, be ascertained. A general elevation, caused probably by the ruins 
of the ancient fort, shows the position of the ramparts, to wliich, on the eastern 
and western sides, the wall came up, but did not pass through, the northern 
wall of the station itself being a sufficient defence in that direction. About a 
third of the station was to the north of the line of the wall, the remaining two- 
thirds were within it. The vallum, Horsley tell us, fell in with the southern 
rampart. The quantity of Ptoman pottery, which has been discovered in the 
northern portion of the camp, is very remarkable, fragments may be seen at 
every step. The southern part of the station is enclosed within the waUs of 



INTEODrCTORY REVIEW. 29 

Benwell Park, the inequalities of whose grassy surface unmistakeably point 
out the lines of the streets, and the position of the principal buildings which 
once adorned this camp. Near its centre is a grassy mound which would 
probably repay examination, and the remains of the southern rampart, and its 
fosse are still very distinct. Two hypocausts have been discovered in connexion 
with this station — one within its walls, to the south side of the road, and 
between forty and fifty feet from the eastern rampart — tbe other without them, 
and about tlrree hundred yards to the south-west. Several inscribed slabs 
and small altars have been found here, the most important one of which is 
preserved in the Rectory of Ryton. Among the altars was one very fine one 
dedicated to Jupiter Dolichenus, a deity worshipped by miners. Coins of 
Trajan, and several other emperors, have been found here, and also a great 
conduit made of hewn stones. This station was garrisoned by the Ala Prima 
Astnrum. 

Leaving Condercum we resume our progress westward. The road for some 
miles running upon the base of the wall, and the north fosse maybe distinctly 
traced on the right of the road. At Denton Burn there is a piece of the 
stone wall, and a little east of Hedden-on-tbe-wall another piece with the facing 
stones on the north side. Passing the eighth milestone, where the vallum is 
in good condition, we arrive at the fourth station of the wall, a road, crossing 
the turnpike at right angles, is close to its western rampart. 

YiNDOBALA, the present Piutchester, is situated upon flat ground, but com- 
mands a considerable prospect. It w^as garrisoned by the first cohort of the 
Frixagi, a people about whom we possess no knowledge. The vallum seems 
to have joined this station in a line with its southern rampart, and the ditch 
on the south side is still tolerably distinct. Vindobala covered an area of about 
five acres, the wall started each way from the north side of its east and west 
gates, so that a greater portion of the station lay on the north than on the 
south side of it. At present, the turnpike road runs between these portions, 
that on the north has been ploughed and three of its sides sloped into the ditch, 
its general outline may, however, be distinguished The surface of the 
southern part is very irregular, with heaps of ruins covered with sward. On 
the brow of the hill, west of the station, is a large cistern hewn out of the 
solid rock. "When found, it was divided into two compartments by a partition 
of masonry, and contained some decayed bones, teeth, and vertebrae, and an 
iron implement very similar to a three-footed candlestick. Several centurial 
stones, a broken statue of Hercules, silver fibulae, coins of the lower empire, 
and bricks inscribed L.E.G-. VI. V. have been found here. In 1766, two 
poor labourers found, at Castlestead, near this station, an urn full of gold and 
silver coins. In the immediate vicinity of this spot, three fine Roman altars 
were discovered in 1844. A portion of the great wall is still to be seen at 
the village of Harlow-hill, and to tbe west of it, a centurial stone was found, 
inscribed L.E.G. II, A.V.G.F. The north fosse is here very distinct, form- 
ing a deep groove on the south side of the road leading to this village. 

HuNNUM, or Halton Chesters, as it is called by Horsley, is nearly one 
unbroken sweep of luxuriant vegetation. It was garrisoned by the Ala 



30 TNTEODUCTOEY EEVIEW. 

Saviniana. The turnpike road, keeping the line of the wall, crosses this station 
from the site of the eastern to that of the western gateway. The section, 
nortli of the highway, was brought into caltivation about twenty years ago, 
when large quantities of beautiful!}^ squared and chiselled stones were removed. 
The portion south of the road has a gentle slope, and a fair exposure to the 
sun. Not having been recently ploughed, the lines of the outer entrench- 
ments and ditches may be observed with considerable distinctness. During 
some excavations which were made here a few years ago, the remains of a 
building, oiie hundred and thirty-two feet in length, were discovered. Yarious 
inscribed and sculptured stones have been found here, as also several busts of 
emperors and empresses, showing very clearly the attention w^hicli the ancient 
inhabitants of Hunnum paid to the decoration of the camp 

A little to the west of this station, the ancient Watling-street intersects 
the wall at the point v.iiere there was formerly a castellum, no trace of which 
now remains. A little further to the south is Portgate, a border tower. 
Opposite the seventh milestone both ramparts may be clearly traced, especially 
the ditch of the wall, which is broad, deep, and sharp. In descending the 
hill towards Chollerford Bridge, several yards of the xmW remain. A stone, 
inscribed to the second legion, v/as found here, and a little belovv^ Chollerford 
Mill, the Tyne has been crossed by a stone bridge, whose remains may yet be 
seen when the water is low and the surface smooth. There seems to have 
been three piers, of considerable size and solidity, set diagonally to the stream. 
The stones composing them are large, regularly squared, and fastened with 
metallic cramps. Lirisholes, indicating the mode in which they have been 
lowered into their bed, appear in several of them. 

CiLURNUM, or Walwick Chestees, stands on the sloping ground on the 
western bank of the North Tyne. This station has, as usual, the form of a 
parallelogram, the corners being slightly rounded off, and contains an area of 
six acres, which, at the latter part of the last century, was covered with the 
ruins of buildings, which had apparently stood in straight, narrow streets ; 
and, although the surface of the station has since been levelled and made 
smooth, in order to fit it for its use as a part of the park, yet its ramparts and 
fosse, the wall and vallum as they approach and lea^ e it, may all be distinctly 
discerned. Remains of great interest were found in this station. One of 
these is an underground vault of rough masonry, situated near the middle of 
the camp. The following extract from Hodgson's description of it will give a 
tolerably correct idea of this curious structure: — " This vault, when it was 
first found, was supposed to have been the jSrarium of the station. Between 
the joinings of the floor, which were of thin freestone flags, were found several 
counterfeit denarii, both of copper and iron plated with silver. The approach 
to it was by four descending steps, the lowest of which was a large centurial 
stone, which had borne an inscription, but nearly all of it had been purposely 
erased. On the outside of the threshold was found, in a sadly decayed state, 
its original door of wood, strongly sheathed with plates of iron, and the whole 
firmly rivetted together with large square nails. Within the door, which had 
opened inw^ards, the end wall was two feet thick, plastered and painted. Its 



TXTEODUCTORY EEVIEW. 31. 

internal area is six feet by inre, and its height to the crown of the arch six 
feet four inches." In a grove behind this station there is a good specimen of 
the wall and its ditch, and near it was discovered a broken statute of fine 
grained freestone, which is generally supposed to have been meant for Cybele, 
the mother of the gods. A remarkable tablet may also be seen here, which, 
from what remains of its mutilated inscription, appears to have been erected 
by the second wing of the Astures, the garrison of the station, to commemorate 
the rebailding of a temple ruined by age. The sepulchral stones, now at 
Walwick Grange, were found between that place and Chesters. 

Again we bend our steps westward. Ascending the hill which leads to 
Walwick, we distinctly perceive the earth works on our left, and as we mount 
the next hill, called Tower Tay, they are still very conspicuous. At the 
summit, the ditches of both wall and vallum are cut through the native rock 
of which the hill consists, and are in excellent order. 

Peocolitia, now called Caeeawbuegh, is the seventh stationary camp on the 
line of the wall, and^wasjgarrisoned by the Cohors Prima Batavorum There 
is little to engage our attention in this station. The course of its ramparts 
and moats can be easily traced, and the rich green sward of its area is seen 
to cover numerous irregular heaps of ruins ; every building, however, is pros- 
trate, scarcely one stone is left upon another. Two beautiful altars, now in 
the Durham Library, were found amongst the ruins at this station. One of 
them confirms the Notitia, in placing the first Bataviau cohort here, and the 
other is a dedication " to the welfare of the Koman people, by Caius Julius 
Rcfiticus, a centurion in the sixth legion." There was also a fractured slab 
found here in 1838. On this mutilated stone, the words coh i batavoevm 
are quite distinct. About half a mile south-west of Carraw, upon an eminence, 
is a large square fort, called Broom Dykes. Sewing Shields Castle was mis- 
taken by Camden for the station of Hunnum, but all subsequent antiquarians 
are of opinion that it is no older than the times of the Moss-troopers. 
The^next point of interest is Busy Gap, a broad basin-like recess in the 
mountain ridge, about a mile from Sewing Shields. It is traditionally 
said to derive its name from the many contests that have taken place 
at it between the Romans and the Caledonians. The wall here being- 
more than usually exposed, is ^not only strengthened with the fosse common 
in the low grounds, but has the additional protection of a rampart of triangular 
form, to the north of this. The place of the wall is at present occupied by 
a common stone dyke. 

BoEcovTcus, OE HousESTEADs, the station of the Cohors Prima Tungorum^ 
contains an area of nearly five acres. " This " says Gordon, " is unquestionably 
the most remarkable and magnificent station in the whole island." Dr. Stukely 
emj)hatically calls it the " Tadmor of Britain." The altars and sculptured 
figures which lay in profusion on the ground when Gordon and Stukely visited 
this place, have been removed, but the ruins of the place remain as complete 
and vast as ever. It stands on the brink of a rocky eminence, whose western 
declivity is formed into flights of broad terraces. The wall forms its northeni- 
boundary, and the vallum, it is probable, came to the support of its southern 



1 



o2 I>;TE0DUCT01tY REVIEW. 

rampart. It is naturally defended on all sides except the west, and in order 
to protect this side the gateway seems to have been walled up at an early 
period, and a triple line of ramparts dravrn along it. The city is, in a great 
measure, covered with its own debris, but the excavations which have recently 
been made, show us that vdien they are continued throughout the entire 
station, the ancient Borcovicus will be the Pompeii of Britain. lis suburbs 
have been very extensive, their ruins are quite visible on the east, south, and 
west sides of the station, and traces of buildings are discernible on the south- 
west, to the distance of two miles and a half. In a valley to the south is a 
small sandstone ridge, called Chapel Hill, from the idea that a temple stood 
upon it. Two fine altars were found here. 

In June, 1823, some workmen were employed by Mr. Gibson, the proprietor 
of this station, to build a dry stone fence, and had permission from him to 
dig up for that purpose any loose stones or old walls, on condition that they 
neither used nor desToyed any thatv/ere inscribed or curiously carved. After 
removing a few loose stones near the surface, they struck upon the top of an 
altar. The perfect state of its finely-carved horns and incense basin, induced 
them to remove the soil and rubbish from around it vdth the greatest caution, 
and in the progress of this curious and careful investigation, they found the 
spot in which they were working bounded by four walls of common masonry, 
v/hich enclosed a rectangular area of 1 20 square feet. Three large inscribed 
altars, a stone, bearing the signs of the zodiac, and the remains of several 
sculptured figures, were found in this place, which appears to have been an 
artificial cave dedicated to the worship of the god Mithras. The greater 
portion of the remains found here are preserved by the Antiquarian Society 
of Newcastle. 

As we continue our journey westward, we find the wall in a good state of 
preservation, not unfrequently exhibiting five, six, and even seven courses of 
facing stones. The vallum is generall}^ very boldly developed, and runs for 
several miles in the valley, completely commanded by the hill upon which 
the wall stands. 

ViNDOLANA, now LiTTLE Chestees, the station of the Cohors Quarto 
Gallorum, lies considerably to the south of the lines of the barrier. It stands 
upon a partially detached eminence, surrounded, at some distance, by more 
elevated hills, and is naturally defended on all sides except the west, whilst 
the summits of the surrounding heights afford it a degree of shelter which 
would be peculiarly grateful to the natives of southern Europe, by whom it 
was garrisoned. The walls, ditches, and gateways of the station are all discern-B 
ible. The ruins of a bath were discovered about fifty yards from the west side* 
of the ramparts. Several inscriptions and figures have been found here, and 
on the line of the ancient road which skirts the northern rampart of the camp 
stands a mile-stone, at the spot where it was placed by the soldiers of Agricola 
or Hadrian. It is upwards of six feet high, and is nearly two feet in diameter. 
There are traces of an inscription on its western face, but it is now quite 
illegible, and in its neighbourhood is a tumulus of considerable size. Several 
fine altars were discovered here. On a neighbouring hill, near the modern 



( 



INTEODUCTOKY REVIEW. 83 

militaiy road stand two large stones, called " the mare and foal." Tradi- 
tion says there were formerly three, and some have thought them to be 
the remains of a Drudical circle. On the line between this station and the 
next, in the vicinity of Cawfield's Fami, we find the most perfect castel- 
lum remaining on the wall. It was formerly nearly covered with its 
own ruins, but recently the accumulated rubbish has been removed. The 
building is a parallelogram, with the corners at its lower side rounded oif ; it 
measures inside sixty-three feet from east to west, by forty-nine feet from 
north to south, and the great wall forms its northern side. The stones used 
in the construction of this building are of the same size and charac- 
ter as those employed in the wall itself. The mortar has disappeared 
from between the courses of the facing stones, but portions of lime are 
seen in the grout of the interior, and in the v^'estern wall, nine courses of stone 
are still standing. The side walls of the castellum have not been tied to the 
great wall, but haye been brought close up to it, and the junction cemented 
with mortar. The gateways, both on the northern and southern sides, are 
of large dimensions, and are formed of large slabs of rustic masonry, which, 
as well as that of the entire structure, is peculiarly fresh. Two large frag- 
ments of funereal slabs were found in the castellum, and also a stone bearing 
the names of the Emperor Hadrian, and Aulus Platorius Nepos, his legate. 
Two small silver coins were found here, one of Vespasian, the other of 
Marcus Aurelius. 

J^sicA, or Geeat Chestees, is the tenth stationary camp on the line of 
the wall, and was the quarters of the Coliors Prima Astorum. It comprises 
an area of three acres and thirty-five poles. The ramparts and fosse are 
clearly defined, and the southern gateway may yet be distinctly traced. The 
western side, which, from its situation, was the weakest, was defended by a 
double rampart of earth. A large inscribed mural tablet has been recently 
dug up in the vicinity of the eastern gateway, and a water-course, the windings 
of which are about six miles in length, brought water from the Greenlee 
Lough to the camp. Several curious pieces of sculpture have been found 
here, one of which represents two victors, each on the wings of an eagle, and 
holding a vexillum, and below them are two wild boars rushing furiously past 
a tree towards each other. Between this station and the next, on Walltown 
Crags, we find the most perfect specimens of the wall now remaining. 

Magna, the modern Caevoean, is situated to the south both of the vallum 
and wall. It v^as the station of the Coliors Prima Dalmatorum, and encloses an 
area of about four acres and a half. Having been brought under tillage a few 
years ago it is very difficult to trace even its outlines. Some fragments of 
the north rampart, however, remain, and the north fosse is still visible. The 
Roman road, called Maiden-way, passes through this station, and proceeds to 
Bewcastle. Jn the garden of the neighbouring farm house, are some interestiiig 
memorials of the Roman occupation of this country. Amongst them are 
broken capitals and fragments of columns, moulded coping-stones, and gutter- 
stones, of various shapes and rude construction. There is also a fine inscribed 
altar, and in the inn at Glenwhelt are preserved a magnificent pair of stag 

c 



34 INTEODrCTOEY EEVIE^Y. 

liorus, nearl}^ perfect, which were found iu the well of this station. A fine 
tablet, bearing an interesting inscription to the goddess Ceres, was discovered 
here, and was afterwai'ds presented to the Antiquarian Society of Newcastle. 
. As we pursue our journey westward, we come to Thirlwall Castle, the 
remains of a stronoj old border tower, situated in the parish of Haltwhistle, 
and, for a long period, the residence of a family of its own name. The walls 
of the castle are nine feet thick, and are faced both inside and out with stones 
taken from the Roman wall. In the neighbourhood of the small village of 
Wallend, a peculiarity in the relative position of the wall and vallum forces 
itself upon our attention. The wall, which, for the larger portion of its course, 
stands considerably above the vallum, now takes a lower level, and for nearly 
the whole space between this' point and the river Irthiug, is completly com- 
manded by the earthen rampart. Proceeding onwards we pass Chapel-house, 
FoNvl Town, Gap, and Rose-hill. In the immediate neighboiu'hood of the 
latter is Mump's-hall, formerly the residence of the Meg Merilies of Sir Walter 
Scott's Guy Mannering. To the west of this the works of the barrier are 
crossed by the railway, and a little beyond this point, the lines, still very dis- 
tinct, cross the Poltross-burn, which di\ides the coimties of Northumberland 
and Cumberland. 

Amboglanna, or Bubdoswald, the twelfth station on the wall, and the 
first in the county of Cumberland, is very interesting. It stands upon 
a large plain, at the head of the steep descent towards the river Irthing, 
having its outbuildings to the south-east. Numerous inscriptions have been 
found within its walls, mentioning the first cohort of the Dacians, surnamed 
the JElian, which, according to the Notitia, was quartered at Amboglanna. It 
contained an area of upwards of five acres, and the walls are in an unusually 
good state of preservation, the southern rampart showing eight courses effacing 
stones. The whole extent of the camp is marked with the lines of streets and 
the ruins of buildings, and near the eastern gateway are the remains of an edifice 
from the ruins of which a sculptured figure has recently been taken. Several 
altars and inscribed stones have been discovered here from time to time. One 
of the stones bears the following inscription ; Legio Sexta Yictees Fidelis — 
" The sixth legion the victorious and faithful." 

Westward of this station, the wall is in an unusually good state of preserva- 
tion, and a fragment ten feet high and five yards long, is still standing a little 
west of the Banks-burn rivulet. This is the highest piece of the wall that is 
anywhere to be met with. 

Peteiaxa, now Castle-steads, lies to the south of the wall and vallum, 
about three miles N.N.W. of Brampton. The site of the station may be recog- 
nised, but its ramparts have been long overthrown, and the ruined buildings of 
the interior entirely obliterated. Many altars and sculptured stones have 
been found here, and coins of various emperors are often discovered. This 
station was garrisoned by the Ala Petriana. 

Aballaba, the modern Watchceoss, is situated south of the wall, and was 
garrisoned by the Numerus Mausorum. This is the smallest station on the 
wall and has produced but few antiquities, indeed many antiquarians have 



I 



INTEODUCTOEY EEVIEW, 35 

doubtecl the propriety of admittiDg it as one of the stations, and consider it to 
have been only a summer encampment. At Bleatarn, half a mile west of this 
place, the wall has been extended upon piles over a marshy piece of gromid, 
which is encompassed by the valhun. I'rom Bleatarn the barrier may, with 
some difficulty, be traced by Wall-head, Walby, and Wall-foot, to Tarraby, 
and from this village to Stanwix, a rural road runs upon its foundations, 
but the ditch upon its north side is yet quite distinct. 

CoxGAYATA uow Stanwix, was the station of the Cohors Seciinda Lergormn, 
and st^od upon the site now occupied by the church and church-yard of the 
village. Recent explorations have brought to light distinct remaius of ancient 
edifices, and in pulling down the old church to make way for the present struc- 
ture, a^^ery fine figure of Victory, somewhat mutilated, was discovered, which 
is now in the museum of Newcastle-upon-Tyne. 

AxELODUxuM, or Burgh-upon-Sands, the next station, was the quarters of 
the Cohors Prima Hispanoriun. In Horsley's time the remains of its ramparts 
were to be seen at a place called Old Castle, a httle to the east of the church. 
At present little meets the eye of the antiquary to inform him of the spot 
where the station stood, but when the surface of the ground is broken, the 
remains of the Roman city are still plainly visible Several altars, " lachry- 
matory "' vessels, and fragments of unglazed jars and urns have been discovered 
here. In the parish of Kirk Andrews, between Burgh and Stanwix, in 1803, 
an altar was found fifty inches high, tv/o feet broad, and fourteen inches 
thick, and bearing an inscription which has been read thus : — Lucius Junius 
Yictorinus et Cains JElianus Legati Augustales Legionis sextcB victricis pii 
felicis oh res trans vallum iDrospere Gestas.'' " Lucius Junius Victorinus, and 
jCaius ^lianus, Augustal Legates of the sixth Legion, victorius, pious, and 
faithful, on account of acbievements beyond the wall prosperously performed." 
A few inscribed stones have been lately found, but none of them are of any 
consequence. Between this station and Drumburgh, the vallum, that wonder- 
ful work, which has outlived the changes and accidents of sixteen hundred 
years, totally disappears, and there is nothing to induce us to believe that it 
ever proceeded further in a westerly direction. 

Gabrosentum, now Drumburgh, was the station of the Cohors Secunda 
Thracum. The camp is situated on the grounds of Richard Lawson, Esq., 
and its ramparts are well defined as well as the ditch by which they were 
surrounded. South of the station is a well enclosed by a circular wall of 
Roman masonry. A mile east of Bowness is a large tumulus, on the summit 
of which is a fluted column, called Fisher's-cross, and about half a mile west- 
ward of it is another which has been somewhat encroached upon by the road 
that runs along the margin of the Solway. Between port Carlisle and Bowness, 
the site of the wall may be traced the whole way, and not uufrequently its 
foundations and its fosse may be distinctly recognised. 

TuNNOCELUM, is the extreme western station on the wall, and was garrisoned 
by the Cohors Prima ^lia Classica. It is with the greatest difficulty that 
the antiquary detects some slight traces of the walls of this station, its southern 
lines in the vicinity of the church being those which are most appai'ent. No 



36 



INTRODUCTORY EEYIEW. 



quarry being within several miles of the spot, the wall and station have 
furnished the materials of which the church and most of the habitations of 
the town are composed. Several Koman coins and inscriptions, and a small 
bronze figure of Mercury or Victory have been found here. An altar which 
was discovered in this station and is now built up in front of a barn in the 
principal street, bears an inscription importing that it was dedicated to Jupiter, 
the best and greatest, by Sulpicius Secundiauus, the tribune of the cohort for 
the safety of our lords, the Emperors Galbus and Volusianus, 

The ancient and modern names of the places through which this celebrated 
wall passed, and where its castles and towers were situated, stand in the follow^- 
ing order in the Notitia Im,;peni : — 



Castella 

coinciding with 

the Stations. 


Castella, 

whose remains 

are visible. 


s 

11 


O 

So 


A SYNOPSIS 

of the Stations of the Wall, 

with the number of Castella, and the 

Distances between each. 


1 


§ 


w 


1 





1 




1 









1 


3 
1 
G 
9 
5 
3 
5 
2 
4 
3 
3 
7 
3 
2 


1 




1 

2 

1 








1 

3 

5 
5 
2 


4 
2 
8 
9 
6 
4 
5 
2 

5 
3 
3 
7 
4 
5 
5 
5 
4 


From 
Segedunum. . 
Pons ^lii . . 
Condercum . . 
Vindobala . . 
Hunnum .... 

Cilurnum 

Procolitia 

Borcovicus. . . 
Vindolana . . . 

^Esica 

Magna 

Amboglana . . 

Petriana 

Aballaba 

Congavata.. . 
Axelodunum . 
Gabrosentum. 


To 

Pons^lii {Newcastle) 

Condercum {Benwell) 

Vindobala (Rutchester) 

Hunnum ( HaltonChesters) . . 
Cilurnum ( Walivick Chesters ) 
Procohtia {Carrawbriigh) . . 
Borcovicus (House-Steads)... 
Vindolana (Little Chesters)... 

Maica ( Great Chesters) 

Magna {Car Voran) 

Amboglana ( Burdosivald) . . . 

Petriana /Castle Steads) 

Aballaba {Watchcross) 

Congavata {Stanwix) 

Axelodunum {Burgh) 

Gabrosentum {Drumburgh) 
Tunnocelum (Boioness) . . . . 


3 

2 
6 
7 
5 
3 
4 
1 
3 
2 
2 
6 
2 
5 
3 
4 
3 


3 


6 

1 
1 
5 
3 
6 
1 
6 
2 

6 
1 
3 

4 


9 
5 

7 
8 

8 
4 

6i 



6 

6 

9 

4 

9 

1 


4 57 


20 1 81 




Total length 


68 


3 


3 



Having now traversed the Hue of the mural barrier from one extremity to 
the other, and examined all the camps which lie upon its track, it may not be 
uninteresting to offer a few conclusive remarks respecting its utility, on which 
subject. Sir John Clarke, writing to K. Gale, Esq., says, "After all, I cannot 
but take notice of two things with regard to this wall that have given me 
great matter of speculation. The first is, why it was ever made at all, for it 
could never be a proper defence, and perhaps at Bowness less than any other 
place, since our barbarian forefathers on the north side could pass over the 
Frith at low water, or if the sea was then higher or deeper than it is now, 
could make their attacks from the north-east side by land. The second is, 



K 



INTRODUCTORY REViEW. 3T 

why tlie Scots historians, vain enough by nature, have not taken more pains 
to describe this wall, a performance which did their ancestors more honour 
than all the trifling stories put together, which they have transmitted to us. 
'Tis true the Romans walled out humanity from them, but 'tis as certain 
they thought the Caledonians a very formidable people, when they, at so much 
labour and cost, built this wall — as before, they had made a vallum between 
Forth and Clyde." While the stations on the wall were well garrisoned it 
was impossible for the Picts and Scots to pass them, soldiers being ready to 
oppose them in every direction. Constantino was the first emperor who 
neglected this barrier and its stations, and he is said to have suppressed their 
garrisons and removed most of the troops into the interior of his territories, 
where they soon became enervated by a soft and inactive life of pleasure and 
amusement. After the removal of the garrisons, the northern tribes, freed 
from these powerful restraints, made innumerable incursions into the Roman 
provinces to the great detriment and annoyance of the inhabitants, as has been 
already seen. " It is much to be regretted that of this wonderful effort, 
whose fame has employed the pen of historians from the times of Eutropius 
and Tacitus, so few remains are now left to gratify our curiosity. This wall 
has been a kind of quarry of ready -hewn stone, where the adjoining parishes 
have obtained materials for erecting their churches, fences, and houses, with- 
out feeling one ' compunctious visiting ' for so flagrant an act of violence to 
antiquarian taste. 

Sir Walter Scott, when a young man, gathered some flowers on this wall, 
which he presented, with the following verses, to a young lady, with whose 
beauty he was charmed : — 

"Take these flowers, which, purple wavingj 

On the ruined rampart grew, 
Where the sons of freedom hraving 

Rome's imxierial standard flew. 

Warriors from the breach of danger, 

Pkick no longer lam-els there; 
They but yield the passing stranger 

Wild-flower wreaths for Beauty's hair." 

The Roman veterans were no less famed for their valour in the field, than 
for their knowledge and assiduity in architecture and sculpture, for they fought 
and laboured with equal skill and vigour, and it is much to be regretted that 
this wise policy of keeping the soldiery usefully employed in time of peace 
should have been abandoned by the modern European nations. 

Two out of the four Roman legions brought over into Britain in the reign 
of Cladius, remained till the last. The ninth legion was surprised and 
destroyed by Queen Boadicea, and the fourteenth and the vexillarii of the 
twentieth were in the battle which decided the fate of that heroine. The 
twentieth, called also valens victrix, though it stayed a long time, seems to 
have been recalled before the Romans finally abandoned the island, for it is 
not noticed in the Notitia. The legio secunda Aiignsta is mentioned in that 



y* 



38 INTBODUCTOEY BEVIEW. 

record, and seems to have been the last ; for, though the legio sexta victrix 
also continued till the last, it did not come over to Britain till the reign of 
Hadrian. 

The Roman soldiers employed much of their leisure hours in perpetuating 
their names or comiplimenting their victorious leaders by monumental inscrip- 
tions, and also by inscriptions commemorative of the completion of buildings 
and public works, and in erecting and inscribing statues in honour of their 
principal deities, but, after the introduction of the Christian religion, the 
statues were destroyed. Many Roman coins have been found in the neigh- 
bourhood of the great stations, where they had been secreted either by the 
Roman soldiers, or by the affrighted Britons, w^hen the northern tribes, or 
Saxon invaders, burst in upon their country and razed their towns to the 
ground. Camden says, that a fixed tradition remains in the neighbourhood 
of the great wall, " that the Roman garrisons on the borders planted here, up 
and down, for their own use, many plants good for curing wounds. Hence 
some pretenders to surgery in Scotland resort here every summer to collect 
plants whose virtues they have learned, by some practice, and extol them as 
of sovereign efficacy." 

Roman Roads. — The Romans bestowed very great attention, labour, and 
expense on their public roads, which generally consisted of a regular pave- 
ment, formed by large boulder stones, or fragments of rock, embedded in 
gravel, and varied in width from four to fourteen yards, and were carried over 
rivers, not by bridges but by fords. 

.The four principal roads which traversed Britain were the Watling -street, 
Ermine or Hermine-street, the Fosseivay, and the Icknild-street. Watling- 
street, is sua. ancient and very celebrated Roman road, which, commencing at 
Dover, traces its course to London, St. Albans, Weedon, over Beresford Bridge, 
High Cross, Atherstone, Wall, Wroxeter, and Chester, from which last place 
a branch appears to point in nearly a straight direction through St. Asaph to 
Segonitum, or Caer Seiont, Carnarvonshire. Another branch directs its course 
from Wroxeter to Manchester and York, and, proceeding northerly, enters this 
county at Whittonstall, and proceeds thence to the wall, shortly after leaving 
v^hicli it separates into two branches, the eastern one, commonly called the 
Devil's Causeway, passes on the east side of Kirk Beaton, thence over the 
Wansbeck, it proceeds by the east of Hartburn Church, in a straight course 
between Nether Witton and Witton Shields, to Brinkburn Priory. Its tract 
may be distinctly traced along Rimside Moor, whence it proceeds by Glanton, 
Horton Castle, Lowick, and Ancroft, to Cornmills, where it crosses the Tweed. 
The other Hue branches off tow'ards Swinburn Castle, and, passing by Corsen- 
side, Elishaw, and Rochester, proceeds between Chewgreen and Thirlmoor, 
over the head of the river Coquet, to Black Halls, where it enters Scotland. 

The Ermine-street, Roman road, extended from London to Lincoln and 
Warrington ; the Fosseimy led from Bath to Lincoln and Newark ; and the 
Icknild-street extended from the south coast of Dorsetshire to Norwich. — We 
have been much indebted in the preparation of this article to the Rev. J. C. 
Bruce 's admirable work on the " Roman Wall." 



IKTKOIiUCTOKy KEVIEW. S9 



SAXONS. 

Having once turned their swords against the Britons, the Saxons dreamed 
only of conquest. They kept forcible possession of the Isle of Thanet, whence 
they issued forth in great strength, and joined by numbers of their country- 
men, they revelled for years in all the unbridled license of barbarian war. 
Such was the commencement of a contest that was carried on without 
intermission f ora hundred and fifty years, and which never entirely ceased until 
the conquering Saxon yielded in his turn to the Dane and Norman. Strong 
as were the Romans yet the Germans were looked upon by them as the most 
terrible of enemies, and among all the German nations the Saxons stood pre- 
eminent for their courage and ferocity. This race, destined to give laws to 
half the globe, possessed, in the second century of the Christian era, no larger 
territory than the scanty tracts of woods and marshes that lay between the 
Ems and the Elbe. Two hundred years later, however, the term Saxou 
was the common apellation of all the tribes from the Rhine to the Baltic, and 
the north of Jutland. Of these tribes the three principal were the Saxons 
Proper, the Angles, and the Jutes. 

It has been already mentioned that the eastern shores of Britain had been 
infested by the Saxons before the departure of the Romans, and that, their 
first invasion of any strength and permanence, was in 4.49, under the leadership 
of Hengist and Horsa, who after a prolonged contest founded the kingdom of 
Kent. Shortly afterwards another band luider ^lla and his sons landed on 
the island of Selsey, and, after an arduous struggle, established the kingdom 
of Sussex, and in 495 a third division, under the command of Cerdic, landed 
further to the west, and, after many sanguinary battles, succeeded in establish- 
ing the kingdom of Wessex. The next kingdom erected by the Saxons proper 
was that of Essex or the East Saxons, which was founded by Erconwald, and 
consisted of the present counties of Essex, Middlesex, and the south of Hert- 
fordshire. Except this kingdom and the British territory on the west, the 
whole country from the Thames to the Frith of Forth, was colonised by the 
Angles. This people had entirely abandoned their native bogs, and had swarmed 
in masses upon the bewildered Britons. In this overwelming invasion. Uffa 
led the first division, and founded the kingdom of East Anglia, containing 
the present counties of Norfolk and Suffolk. In forty chiules, Ida led the 
second division to the mouth of the Tees, and established the kingdom of 
Bernicia, extending from the Tees to the Forth. Seomel soon afterwards 
founded the kingdom of Deira between the Humber and the Tees, and a party 
of the Angles of Deira, under Creoda, crossed the Humber, and penetrating 
to the very centre of the island established tlie kingdom of ]\Iercia. 

Sidonius, the eloquent bishop of Clermont, gives us an animated description 
of these invaders. — "We have not," he says, " a more cruel and more dangerous 
enemy than the Saxons. They overcome all who have the courage to oppose 



40 INTEODUCTORY EEVIEW, 

tliem. They surprise all -who are so imprudent as not to be prepai'ed for 
their attack. When they pursue they infallibly overtake — when they are 
pursued, their escape is certain. They despise danger — they are inured to 
shipwreck — they are eager to purchase booty at the peril of their lives. 
Tempests, which to others are so dreadful, to them are subjects of joy. The 
storm is their protection when they are pressed by the enemy, and a cover for 
their operations when they meditate an attack. Before they quit their own 
shores they devote to the altars of their gods the tenth part of the principal 
captives, and when they are on the point of returning the lots are cast with an 
affectation of equity, and the impious vow is fulfilled." The character thus 
given of them, by Sidonius, is confirmed by every ancient authority. Such 
were the masters to whom the Britons were compelled to submit, but long and 
arduous were their struggles for independence. 

Foremost among their defenders was the renowned King Arthur. He was 
born in the year of Hengist's first arrival, and crowned king of the Britons 
at the early age of fifteen. In his person was united a love of country and a 
love of militaiy fame. He was soon in arms against the common foe, over 
whom he gained twelve pitched battles. His chief opponent was the great 
Saxon captain Cerdic, whose invading forces he had nearly succeeded in 
expelling, when his death, which took place in 542, after a glorious reign of 
thirty-four years, gave new hopes to the Saxons, who renewed their efforts, 
and at length succeeded in firmly consolidating their power. 

As the religion of the Saxons, previous to their conversion to Christianity, 
differed very little from that of the Danes, it will be found fully described in 
that part of our work which treats of the latter people. Before proceeding 
further, let us take a brief sui*vey of the various gradations of rank, the usual 
tenure and burdens of the landed property, the administration of justice, and 
the supreme council of the Anglo-Saxon nations. 

All freemen were divided into one of two classes, that of eorl, or that of 
ceorl, the men of noble or of ignoble descent. The former were said to be 
ethel-born, and among them the first place was held by the cyning or king, 
who was the lord of the principal chieftains, and through them of their respec • 
tive vassals. As his estates were nearly equal to theirs altogether, so was his 
annual revenue and the number of his thanes ; forming in the aggregate a 
power sufficient to humble the proudest, or to reduce to obedience the most 
factious of his subjects. Three times every year the great tenants of the 
crown were reminded of their dependence. At the festivals of Christmas, 
Easter, and Whitsuntide they were summoned to pay him homage. During 
eight days they were feasted at his expense, and on their dismissal received 
presents from his bounty. He was the chief commander by land and sea, and 
the supreme judge on all questions of appeal from every court of judicature. 
His '-peace" or protection secured the man to whom it was granted from the 
pursuit of his enemies. Breaches of this peace subjected the offender to 
heavy fines, while if the infraction was of a grievous nature, his life and pro- 
perty wtre at the king's disposal. The consort of the king was originally 
known ly the name of " queen," and shared, in common with her husband, 



INTKODUCTOEt EEVIEW. 41 

tile splendour of royalty. But she lost this distinction by the crime of Ead- 
burga, who had poisoned her husband Brithric, King of Wessex. In conse- 
quence of this crime, it was decreed by the witan that the title of queen, with 
all the appendages of female royalty, should be abolished, and ever afterwards 
the king's wife was known by the title of the lady. 

Next in dignity to the royal family were the ealdormen or earls, who 
governed in the king's name districts which were denominated shires, and 
which were originally of small extent, but afterwards enlarged to the size of 
our present counties. It was the duty of the ealdorman, as the representa- 
tive of the monarch, to lead the men of his shire to battle, to preside with 
the bishop in the courts of the county, and to enforce the execution of justice. 
The thanes were a numerous and distinguished order of men, divided into 
several classes of different rank, and with different privileges. There were 
greater and lesser thanes, and we read of the thanes of the king, and of those 
of ealdormen and prelates. The heriot of the greater was four times that of 
the lesser thane, and while the former acknowledged no other superior than 
the king, the latter owed suit and service to the court of his immediate lord. 
The possessor of five " family lands" or hides, and, from the time of Athel- 
stan, any merchant that had made three voyages with his own ship and cargo, 
were alike entitled to rank among the thanes. It seems, however, that the 
latter kind of thaneship was of inferior dignity, and that a family that had 
acquired this distinction was not reckoned among the ethel-born until the 
third generation. 

The sithcundmen were men of the sith or military profession, and, on 
account probably of holding land, many, if not all, of these became known as 
lesser thanes. The person of whom such lands were held was known as the 
lord. If a sithcundman held lands of no one else, and therefore had no such 
lord, he was still obliged to choose one, and to render him some acknowledg- 
ment for his protection. This obligation resulted from the maxim, that every 
person who had no territorial jurisdiction, was bound to have some acknow- 
ledged superior, and that every superior was, in return, to be responsible for 
his " man." The form required to make this connection legal was brief but 
significant ; the man placed his hands between those of his lord, and ex- 
claimed, " By the Lord, I promise to be faithful and true, to love all that thou 
lovest, and to shun all that thou shunnest, conformably to the laws of God 
and man, and never in will or weald, in word or work, to do that which thou 
loathest, provided thou hold me as I mean to serve, and fulfil the conditions 
to which we agreed." 

As the duties of the vassal to his lord were of the most sacred nature, the 
violation of them was attended by forfeiture and death, particularly if he 
failed his lord in war. But if, like a true man, he fell in battle by the side of 
his lord, the heriot usually paj^able on his death was remitted, and his heirs 
took among them his lands and chattels. The devotion of the vassals to their 
lord is described by Lingard in a story so interesting and explanatory of those 
times, that we may be pardoned for presenting it to our readers. The death 
of Cynewulf, one of the kings of Wessex, who died A.D. 784, deserves, says 

c 3 



'4:2 JNTROBUOTORY BEVIEW, 

our autlioritj, to be preserved, as illustrative of two great featui'es iii the 
Anglo-Saxon character, — devotedness of attachment, and ferocity of revenge. 
Sigebyrcht (the predecessor of Cynewulf ) had left a brother named Cyneheard, 
who, to escape the jealousy of the new king, had abandoned his native country, 
and consoled the hours of exile with the hope of revenge. Thirty-one years 
had elapsed from the death of Sigebyrcht, when Cyneheard returned with 
eighty-four adherents, and secreted himself in the woods. Tt chanced one 
evening that the Idng left Winchester with a slender retinue to visit a female 
at Merton, to whom he was warmly attached. Cyneheard stole silently from 
his retreat, followed with caution the footsteps of the monarch, and in the 
dead of the night surrounded the residence of his mistress. Cynewulf was 
asleep, and his attendants were dispersed in the neighbouring houses. At the 
first alarm he arose, seized his sword, and descended to the door, where he 
descried his enemy, and, springing forward, aimed a desperate blow at the 
head of Cyneheard. The wound, which was but slight, was quickly revenged 
by the swords of the conspirators. Roused by the noise of the combatants 
and the shrieks of the woman, the king's attendants hastened to his assist- 
ance, but they found him breathless, and weltering in blood. It was in vain 
that Cyneheard offered them their lives and possessions. They scorned his 
proposals, and after a long conflict were all slain, with the exception of a 
Briton, who, in quality of hostage, had been detained in the court of Cyne- 
wulf — even he was severely wounded. Early in the morning the news 
arrived at AViuchester. The ealdorman Osric, and Wiverth the thane, imme- 
diately mounted their horses, and rode to Merton, followed by their retainers. 
C^^neheard met them at the gate to justify his conduct, and to solicit their 
friendship. He pleaded the obligation of revenging the wrongs of his family, 
asserted his claim to the throne, offered them valuable possessions, and bade 
them recollect that many of his friends were their kinsmen. " Our kinsmen," 
they replied, " are not dearer to us than was our lord. To his murderers we 
will never submit. If those who are related to us wish to save their lives, 
they are at liberty to depart." " The same offer," returned the followers of 
Cyneheard, " was made to the king's attendants. They refused it. We will 
prove to-day that our generosity is not inferior to theirs." Impatient of delay, 
Osric forced the barrier ; he was opposed by the most desperate intrepidity, 
and the battle was terminated only by the failure of combatants. Of Cyne- 
heard's eighty-four companions, one alone was saved. He was found among 
the slain, covered with wounds but still alive, and owed his preservation to 
this fortunate circumstance, that he was the godson of Osric. 

Resuming the subject from which we have somewhat digressed, the fore- 
going w^ere the ethel-born : the unethel, the tradesmen, mechanics, husband- 
men, and labourers, were comprehended under the general designation of 
ceorls. These were divided into two clas,ses — the socmen or free ceorls, who 
held lands by conventional services, or choose their own lords, or possessed the 
right of disposing of their real estates by sale, or will, or donation. The 
others were attached to the soil, as part and parcel of the manor, transferable 
with it fiom one proprietor to another, bound to give their personal labour in 



JNTRODUCTOBY REVIEW. 4'8 

return for the land which they cuUivated for their own use, and Hable to be 
punished as runaways if they withdrew out of the manorial jurisdiction under 
which they were born. They had indeed certain rights recognised by the law, 
and could not, in many places, be dispossessed as long as they performed their 
customary services, nor could higher rents, or a greater proportion of labour, 
be exacted from them than what was accustomably due. 

All the above classes were in the ranks of freemen. There was, however, 
amongst the Saxons a class of absobite slaves who were called Theowes, con- 
sisting of persons who had forfeited their freedom according to the law. If 
any one could not discharge the penalty or " wite" imposed on an offence of 
which he had been convicted, he became what was called a " wite theow," 
and liable to the utter loss of his rights as a member of the free community. 
His relations might redeem him within twelve months, but if they refused 
this office of kindness he then became a slave, and his degradation was 
inherited by his children. The enslavement of a freeman was performed 
before a competent number of witnesses. The unhappy man laid on the 
ground his sword and his lance, the symbols of the free, took up the bill and 
the goad, the implements of slavery, and falling on his knees, placed his 
head, in token of submission, under the hands of his master. Traffic in 
slaves prevailed during the whole of the Anglo-Saxon period. These unhappy 
persons were sold like cattle in the market, and the price of a slave was usually 
estimated at four times the price of an ox. No impediments were offered to 
the importation of foreign slaves, but the export of native slaves was forbidden 
under severe penalties, yet habit and the pursuit of gain had taught the 
natives to bid defiance to all the efforts of the legislature. Like the savages 
of Africa, they are said to have carried off, not only their own countrymen, 
but even their friends and relatives, and to have sold them as slaves in the 
ports of the continent. The men of Bristol were the last to abandon this 
nefarious traffic. Their agents travelled into every part of the country ; they 
were instructed to give the highest price for females in a state of pregnancy, 
and the slave-ships regularly sailed irom that port to Ireland, where they were 
sure of a ready and profitable market. Their obstinacy yielded, however, to 
the persevering zeal of Wulstan, bishop of Worcester, and in their guild, they 
solemnly bound themselves to renounce the odious trade. One of the mem- 
bers was soon afterwards tempted to violate his engagement, but his perfidy 
was punished with the loss of his eyes. 

In what way the land that had been wrested from the Britons w^as appro- 
priated by the conquerors, what portion was reserved for the state, and what 
for individuals, are questions that can be answered only by conjecture — even 
the nature of the most common tenures, those of "Bocland," and "Folcland," 
and "Laenland,"has long tortured the ingenuity of the learned. According 
to Allen, when any district was conquered by the Saxons, each warrior in the 
victorious army received a share proportioned to his merits. The land that 
remained after this allotment was called " Folcland," or land of the folk or 
people. Dr. Lingard's interpretation is different, but appears well founded. 
He supposes that folcland was not the land which remained after the assign- 



44 TNTRODUCTORY REVIEW. 

ment of shares, but was the aggregate of the shares themselves. He had 
observed that the " terra famiUarum " of Venerable Bede, is invariably trans- 
lated by Alfred as " folcs," and he therefore concludes, that the shares of 
family land of the original settlers, were no other than folcland. He adds, 
that the common stock of lands from which the folcs, or family shares were 
taken, was governed by folcright, or the custom of the country, and that the 
common stock, under the name of Laens (loans), or benefices, could be 
bestowed by the joint authority of the king and witena, in return for military 
or other services. Bocland, was land of inheritance, that was probably severed 
from folcland, and was certainly granted by hoc (book) or charter. If a por- 
tion of either bocland or folcland was granted in any way, except by writing, 
it seems to have been called Isenland. When this kind of land was forfeited it 
reverted to the donor, whether king or subject — when bocland was forfeited 
it reverted to the king. For the sake of national security all lands were sub- 
jected to a triple burden, viz.; — The construction of bridges, the reparation of 
fortresses, and military service, in default of which fines, or sometimes forfeitm'e 
seems to have been inflicted. Both the grant and sale of land were unen- 
cumbered with the modern forms of parchments, taxes, and lawyer's fees. It 
was accomplished by the simple delivery of a turf or spear, or some emblem, 
in the presence of one of the customary public meetings. The following 
charter will give some idea of the almost Lacedoemonian brevity of the Anglo- 
Saxon deeds of gift. — "I king Athelstan giffys here to Paulan, Oddham and 
Eoddam, all gude and all fair as ever thei myn war, and thairto witnes, Mauld 
my wyf." 

Among a people but lately emerged from barbarism, the administration 
of justice is always rude and simple. The proceedings before the Anglo-Saxon 
tribunals would not have suited a more advanced state of civilization. They 
were ill calculated to elicit truth, or to produce conviction, and in many 
instances, which have been handed down to us, our more correct or more 
artificial notions will be shocked at the credulity or precipitancy of the judges. 
The subject, however, is curious and interesting. These ancient courts still 
exist under diff'erent names, and the intelligent observer may discover in their 
proceedings the origin of several institutions, which now mark the adminis- 
tration of justice in the English tribunals. 

The lowest and most limited jurisdiction known among the Anglo-Saxons 
was that of " Sac" and "Soc." It conferred the right of holding trials, and im- 
posing fines within a certain district, and, with a few variations, was per- 
petuated in the manorial courts of the Norman dynasty. It seems to have 
been claimed and exercised by all the greater and several of the lesser thanes. 
The power and right of these courts greatly varied — some took cognizance of 
all, some of a few offences — some of all persons, and others of none but their 
oym tenants. From the custom of holding these comts in the hall of the 
lord, they were usually termed the hall-motes. Superior to these was the 
mote of the hundred, a large division of the county. It assembled every 
month, and was composed of the ealdonnan or his reeve, and of the clergy- 
men and freeholders of each township within the hundred. Once in the year 



INTRODUCTORY RETIEW. 45 

an extraordinaiy meeting was convened, when every male above the age of 
twelve years was obHged to attend. The state of the guilds or tythings (or 
associations of ten families) was ascertained, and no man was permitted to 
remain at large who could not find bail for his peaceable demeanour. In these 
courts offenders were tried, and civil causes decided. When important pay- 
ments, contracts, or exchanges, were to be made, it was done in presence of the 
hundred, in order that the whole neighbourhood might bear witness to the 
fact. For, as reading and writing were but little known, men were obliged 
to depend upon the honesty of numerous witnesses. In the walled towns 
burgh-motes were held, which corresponded with the motes of the hundred. 
Sometimes, when interests of greater importance were at stake, or the parties 
belonged to different districts, the authority of a single hundred was thought 
insufficient. On such occasions, the ealdorman summoned the neighbouring 
hundreds, or a third of the county, the former being termed the court of the 
"Lathe," and the latter of the "Trything." The Lathes still exist in 
some of the southern counties, where the hundreds are small, and from the 
trything is supposed to be derived the local denomination of " Eiding," the 
third part of a county. Of still higher dignity and more extensive jurisdiction 
was the shire-mote, or court of the county, which assembled twice in the year, in 
the beginning of May and October. The ealdorman and the bishop presided 
with equal authority, and their assessors were the sheriff and the most noble 
of the royal thanes. Ecclesiastical causes were first attended to, the rights of 
the crown were next enforced, then the laws and decisions of the witenagemote 
were announced, and private grievances were examined and redressed. 
Kemble gives a remarkable instance of the simplicity with which even the 
most important affairs were transacted in these courts. A young man made 
his appearance before a shire-mote, and claimed some lands, which were 
possessed by his mother. A deputation was at once despatched from the 
court to receive her answer — her reply was, " There sitteth Leoflad, my kins- 
woman, unto whom I grant both my land and my gold, both my gown and 
my dress, and all that I have after my own day." This act, by which she 
disinherited her son, was communicated to the court, and judgment was 
ultimately pronounced in favour of Leoflad, and a record was made to testify 
the fact. Thus at once was the suit decided, the son disinherited, and the 
will in favour of Leoflad recognised. Superior to the shire-mote, and forming 
the supreme national council, was the " mickle synoth or witenagemote." 
This council was composed at first of all the landed proprietors. Such it 
probably continued during the greater part of the Octarchy. In course of 
time, when Wessex became supreme, and its witenagemote became the great 
council of England, the number of its members was graduall}^ reduced, owing 
to distance, expense of travelling, and the troubles of the times, they were 
seldom as many as thirty, never sixty. The "folc," whose presence is often 
mentioned, are supposed by Palgrave to have been the representatives of the 
towns and the bors-holders of the tythings — but this supposition is deemed 
gratuitous both by Lingard and Haflam. The witenagemote assembled at 
Christmas, Easter, and Whitsimtide, when the state of the nation was 



46 INTEODUCTOEY KEVIEW, . 

examined, laws were enacted, appeals heard, and, on the vacancy of the crown, 
a new sovereign was elected. 

The Saxons, bringing with them their native customs, punished injuries of 
every kind by certain settled fines or penalties, which differed in amount 
according to the circumstances attending the wrong, but were not left to be 
imposed at the discretion of the judge. So far did the notion of compensation 
run through the whole criminal law of the Saxons, that every man's life had 
its value according to his rank, called a ''ivere.'' This, by a law of king 
Athelstan, was two hundred shillings for a ceorl, for a sithcundman six hundred, 
and for a royal thane twelve hundred. The " were" of an ealdorman was twice, 
that of an etheling three times, and that of a king six times that of a thane. 
Although pecuniary compensation was thus extensively used, other punish- 
ments were occasionally imposed. Thus the frequent conviction of theft was 
punished by the loss of a hand or foot, while banishment or slavery were also 
sometimes inflicted. It was also enacted that house-breaking, arson, open 
robbeiy, manifest homicide, and treason against one's lord, should be inexpi- 
able crimes, that is, not redeemable by pecuniary compensation, or by suffering 
mutilation, or the like. 

With respect to the different sorts of crimes recognized by the Saxon laws, 
it seems that a person present at the death of any one was considered a 
participator in the crime. Also the slayer of a thief, unless he forthwith purged 
himself by oath before the relations of the deceased, stating all the circum- 
stances, was deemed guilty, and had to pay the fine. It does not appear that 
there was any distinction made in respect of degrees of homicide, except in 
one instance, which deserves particular notice, viz., where the fine called 
murdrum was to be paid. It is said that Canute when about to leave the 
kingdom, being afraid that the English might take advantage of his absence 
to destroy his Danish subjects, passed a law, — that when any person happened 
to be killed, and the slayer escaped, the person killed should, unless his 
friends or relations proved him to be an Englishman, be considered as a 
Dane, and that the vill in which the crime was committed should pay a fine 
of forty marks for his death, and if such fine could not be raised in the vill, 
then the hundred should be compelled to pay it. This provision was made 
in order to engage every one by the bond of interest in the prevention of secret 
homicides, and upon this sort of policy it was that presentments of Engiishrey, 
as they were afterwards called, were founded. 

False swearing was at first only punished by a fine amounting to one hundred 
and twenty shillings, but afterwards perjurers were considered as no longer 
worthy of credit, and therefore were obliged to purge themselves, not as they 
would otherwise have done, on oath, but by the ordeal, and sometimes they 
were excommunicated Breaches of the peace were severely punished as lead- 
ing generally to bloodshed and death, and the people being also much addicted 
to quarrelling and broils. If any one fought in the king's palace, his life was 
forfeited to the king, unless he redeemed it with a fine, and particular penal- 
ties were inflicted on those who fought in the presence of the bishop or ealdor- 
man, or in the city or town where these happened to be holding their court. 



INTEODUCTOEY EEVIEW. 47 

After the conversion of the Saxons to Christianity every consecrated church 
had the privilege of sanctuary, or of afPording legal shelter to fugitives. At 
a time when ser timents of paganism still clung to the souls of men, when 
revenge was estf emed a sacred duty, and every man was armed and ready for 
battle, this regalation was not the less salutary from its being sometimes 
abused, it gave time for reason and religion to exert their influence, and often 
pevented the e'fusion of blood. For the traitor and blasphemer there was no 
sanctuary, he might at once be snatched from the altar. Resort was com- 
monly had to this protection in order to avoid the instant resentment of an 
aggrieved party, and until the legal compensation was paid. Thus the law 
of lua declares, that the fugitive shall be protected as to his life, and make 
compensation as justice demands. 

Having thus considered crimes and punishments, we proceed to speak of 
the modes of trial, and the sorts of proof, which formed very remarkable parts 
of the SaxoD system of jurisprudence, and w^ere as follows : — The prosecutor 
made his charge, which, it seems, was of itself sufficient to put the person 
accused on his defence. The answer or defence to such charge varied accord- 
ing to the circumstances of the case. If it was a matter not of great notoriety, 
and admitting of doubt, the party purged himself, as it w^as termed, by the 
oaths of himself and of certain persons vouching for his credit, and declaring 
their belief of his speaking the truth, who were thence called compurgators. 
If these compurgators all agreed in a declaration in favour of the accused, 
this was held to be a complete acquittal. But if the party had been before 
accused of larceny or peijury, or had been rendered infamous in any other 
way, and was not thought himself worthy of credit, he was then obliged to 
prove his innocence by the ordeal. 

Among the German nations, the ordeal was the common means of solving 
a difficulty. It was used in various forms, but particularly in those of fire 
and water, and of judicial combat. When, therefore, recourse was had to the 
ordeal, the accused, after a delay of three days, went to mass, and having 
received the holy communion, was immediately required to swear to his inno- 
cence. If he took the oath, he was led to the ordeal. In that of water, a 
fire was kindled beneath a caldron, at the west end of the church. In a line 
on one side of the fire stood twelve friends of the accused, and on the oppo- 
site side twelve friends of the accuser, all strangers being excluded. When 
it was agreed by all that the water boiled, the accused plunged in his arm, and 
brought up a stone which had been placed at a certain depth The limb was 
then bound up, and the bandage sealed. On the third day the arm was 
examined, if it had healed the prisoner was pronounced innocent, otherwise 
he was found guilty, and sufi'ered the punishment of the offence with which 
he had been charged. In the ordeal by fire, he grasped a piece of red-hot 
iron, and, having taken three strides on certain lines marked on the ground, 
threw down the bar. His guilt or innocence was decided as in the former 
case The judicial combat was not usual among the Anglo-Saxons, but was 
the favourite method of decision among the Lombard and Norman races. In 
the ordeal by the cross, the accused had several pieces of wood laid before him, 



48^ IKTEODUCTORY REVIEW. 

and partially covered ; from these he drew out one, and if it had upon it the 
mark of a cross, he was deemed innocent. Among the Anglo-Saxons, the 
ordeals both of the cross and the lot were almost as unusual at that of judicial 
combat. 

Amidst the wars of the Britons and Saxons, the Christian religion dis- 
appeared for a time in the greater part of Britain, but, happily, idolatry was 
soon to be expelled and Christianity to resume its sway, and the glory of the 
reconversion of Britain was reserved for Pope Gregory the Great, who, before 
his elevation to the pontifical chair had anxiously desired to preach Christ to 
the Saxons, and had obtained the requisite permission from Pope Benedict I., 
but the people of Rome were unwilling to be deprived of a man whose virtues 
they estimated so highly. Their clamours retarded his departure, and his 
subsequent elevation to the papal throne compelled him to abandon his design. 
The following incident is said to have given rise to Gregory's desire of con- 
verting the Saxon nations of Britain. It happened that he had observed, in 
the Market-place of Rome, some Saxon slaves exposed for sale. Struck with 
their fine features and fair complexions, he asked them to what country they 
belonged, and was answered that they came from the island of Britain. And 
finding that they were still heathens, he drew a deep sigh and said, " It was a 
lamentable consideration that the prince of darkness should be master of so 
much beauty, and have so many comely persons in his possession, and that so 
fine an outside should have nothing of God's grace to furnish it within." 
Bede adds, that he again asked what was the name of that nation ? and was 
answered, that they were called Angles. " Right," said he, " for they have 
an angelic face, and it becomes such to be co-heirs with the angels in heaven. 
What is the name," proceeded he, "of the province from which they are 
brought ?" It was replied, that the natives of that province w^ere called Deiri. 
" Truly are they Be ira,'' said he, " withdrawn from wrath, and called to the 
mercy of Christ. How is the king of that province called ?" They told him 
his name was ^lla; and he, alluding to the name, said, ''Hallelujah, the 
praise of God the Creator must be sung in those parts." 

Gregory, however, still kept his eyes fixed upon Britain. The absence of his 
personal exertions he could easily supply by those of other missionaries, and 
from his high position in the church, he might direct their operations, and 
second their endeavours. His original intention w^as to purchase a number of 
Saxon slaves, and have them educated under his own eye, and at his own 
expense, and at a convenient time raise them to the priesthood, and employ 
them in the conversion of their countrymen. But their progress was slow, 
and his zeal was ardent. After a short time he resolved to try the courage of 
his monks, ignorant as they were of the language and manners of the barba- 
rians. Having selected the most learned and virtuous of the community, he 
explained to them his views, elevated their hopes with the prospect of eternal 
rewards, and confirmed their consent with his apostolic benediction. The 
monks, in obedience to his commands, went forth on the all-important mission, 
under the guidance of Augustine, prior of St. Andrew's monastery. Their 
courage faltered on their long and toilsome journey, but Gregory's letters and 



INTRODUCTOEY HEVIEW, 49 

exhortations urged tliem onwards, until at length they arrived at the Island of 
Thanet, whence they sent messengers to Ethelbert, who at that time ruled the 
kingdom of Kent, and requested an audience. They spoke none of the 
German dialects, but they had brought some of the Frankish clergy as their 
interpreters, and at once disclosed their mission. They had come, they said, 
from Rome, vdth good tidings to those who would obey them, nothing less than 
joy and dominion that would never pass away. The king having heard this, 
ordered them to stay in that island where they had landed, and that they 
should be furnished with all necessaries, till he should consider what to do 
with them. Some days after the king came into the island, and sitting in the 
open air, ordered Augustine and his companions to be brought into his 
presence. The following is Venerable Bede's account of the interview. — 
•' When he had sat down, pursuant to the king's commands, and preached to 
him and his attendants there present, the word of life, the king answered 
thus : — ' Your words and promises are very fair, but as they are new to us, and 
of uncertain import, I cannot approve of them so far as to forsake that which 
I have so long followed with the whole English nation. But because you are 
come from a^r into my kingdom, and, as I conceive, are desirous to impart 
to us those things which you believe to be true, and most beneficial, we will 
not molest you, but give you favourable entertainment, and take care to supply 
you with necessary sustenance, nor do we forbid you to preach and gain as 
many as you can to your religion.' " Accordingly he permitted them to reside 
in the city of Canterbury, which was the metropolis of all his dominions, and 
pursuant to his promise, besides allowing them sustenance, did not refuse them 
liberty to preach. And the same venerable author goes on to say, — " It is 
reported that, as they drew near to the city, after their manner, with the holy 
cross, and the image of our Sovereign Lord and King, Jesus Christ, they, in 
concert, sung the litany : * We beseech thee, Lord, in all thy mercy, that 
thy anger and wrath be turned away from this city, and from thy holy house, 
because we have sinned. Hallelujah.' " 

We cannot refrain from giving ¥/"ords worth's fine sonnet on this inspiring 
theme, though the touching simplicity of the monk of Jarrow can scarcely 
be heightened in its effect upon the mind : — 

" For ever hallowed be this morning fair ; 
Blest be the unconscious shore on which ye tread ; 
And blest the silver Cross, which ye, instead 
Of martial banner, in procession bear ; 
The Cross preceding Him who floats in air, 
The pictured Saviour ! — By Augustine led, 
They come — and onward travel without dread, 
Chanting in barbarous ears a tuneful prayer, 
Sung for themselves, and those whom they would free 
Eich conquest waits them : the tempestuous sea 
Of Ignorance, that ran so rough and high. 
And heeded not the voice of clashing swords, 
Those good men humble by a few bare words, 
And calm with fear of God's divinity." 
D 



50 INTEODUCTOEY REVIEW. 

Bj the preaching of Augustine and Paulinus, with their fellow-labourers in 
the south and north of England, the Christian religion made such progress 
that it soon became the prevailing faith of the country. Augustine was 
created xlrchbishop of Canterbury in the year 600, and Paulinus, Archbishop 
of York in 628. Concerning this conversion Pope Gregory the Great writes 
thus :—" Behold, it has pierced the hearts of all nations! How the utmost 
bounds of east and west are joined in one common faith ! Even the British ■ 
tongue, wliich used to mutter nothing but barbarity, has a good while since I 
begun to echo forth the Hebrew Hallelujah in divine anthems." And in a letter 
to Augustine himself: — "Who can express the general joy and satisfaction 
among all faithful people, since the English nation, by the grace of Almighty 
God, and the endeavours of you, oui* brother, hath quitted the errors of dark- 
ness, and is enlightened with the beams of our holy faith ; since, with most 
pious zeal, they now tread under foot those idols, before which they formerly 
kneeled with blind veneration." So great was the crowd of converts to 
Christianity, that Paulinus is said to have baptised ten thousand persons in 
one day in the river Swale, in Yorkshire. 

The English no sooner received the truths of Christianity, than, with a 
most fervent zeal, they gave themselves up to it, and employed their best 
endeavours to promote it, by discharging all the duties of Christian piety, and 
by erecting and endowing churches and monasteries, so that no part of the 
Christian world could show either more or richer religious houses. So many 
holy men did it produce, who for their firm profession of the Christian faith, 
their resolute perseverance in it, and their unfeigned piety, that England was 
justly styled the Island of Saints. 

The Saxons lived for a long time in a flourishing condition, under their 
Octarchy, till at length all the other kingdoms, shattered with civil w^ars, were 
subdued by that of the West-Saxons, whose ambitious king, Egbert, deter- 
mined to unite them in name as he had already done in government, and to 
keep up the memory of his own nation, published an edict, ordering the whole 
Octarchy to be called Englelond, i. e. the land of the Angles, and thereby 
uniting them in one great state under his governm_ent, about 390 years after 
the first anival of the Saxons in this country. 



THE DANES, 

"Who had, for several ages, kept the Anglo-Saxons in a state of perpetual 
alarm, fitted up a mighty fleet, and invaded the kingdom in 867. They pro- 
ceeded all through the country, burning cities, destroying churches, wasting 
the lands, ransacking and overturning everything in their way, and, with the 
most barbarous cruelty, they murdered the kings of the East Angles and 
Mercians, and took possession of then kingdoms, with the gi'eater part of that 
of Northumbria. Their success in this latter kingdom compelled the Anglo- 
Saxon kings and princes to confederate for mutual defence, and, by the skill 



INTEODUCTOKY EEVIEW. 51 

aud wisdom of Alfred tlie Great, the invaders were subdued in 880, after tbat 
renowned mouarcli bad emerged from his retreat in a swineherd's cottage. 
Alfred then divided the country into shires and hundreds, or wards, established 
trial by jury, and composed a body of laws on which the glorious superstruc- 
ture of English liberty was finally erected. He was not less generous than 
brave, and, by acts of kindness, strove to convert the Danes from deadly 
enemies to faithful subjects. 

The greater part of the islands, and of points on the coast, terminating in 
ey, ay, a (island), ness (promontory), holm, as well as others, bear names which 
the Northmen gave them, and were seized, partly for the purposes of com- 
merce, but more commonly as naval stations, from which they could harass 
and tax the coasts and inland country. An island was a market, a warehouse, 
and a castle to these northmen ; who, bred round the sinuosities of the Danish 
peninsula, the recesses of the Baltic, and the Fiords of Norway, practised 
their arts as udal farmers, fishermen, amd merchants — forged anchors — built 
ships that lived in the Atlantic — fought incessantly along their own coast, 
from the Elbe to the Naze, to Drontheim, the Lofoden Islands, Cape North — ■ 
and, in the eighth and following centuries sailed in fleets, at one time 
down the east and west coasts of Great Britain, at another either round 
France, Portugal, and Spain, into the Mediterranean, or to Iceland and the 
coasts of North America. Men of the Atlantic, in their ships — their sea- 
horses, their ocean skates, as they called their craft — they braved the dangers 
of the rocks and the waves at sea — where their foes never met them — the 
arms of Celts, Gauls, and Saxons on land, — and succeeded in effecting perma- 
nent settlements in France and England. As the Jutes and Saxons settled 
on the south coast, so the Danes held, and have left the most permanent traces 
in, Suffolk, Norfolk, Lincolnshire, Yorkshire, and the lowlands of Scotland. 
The Scandinavian race still survives in its descendants round the coasts of the 
British Isles, and the soul of the old viking still burns in the seamen of the 
British fleet, in the Deal boatmen, in the fishermen of the Orkneys, and in 
that bold, adventurous, skilful, mercantile class, that has encircled the w'orld 
by its peaceful conquests. 

The arms and language of these wild sons of Scandinavia differed but little 
from those of the Anglo-Saxons, and there is every reason to believe that their 
religion was the same kind of idolatry as that of which the latter had once 
been the slaves. We are indebted to the bards or scalds for all the informa- 
tion we possess of their mythology. Woden was their principal idol. He 
was the " father of slaughter," the " namer of those who were to be slain." 
The valkyrs, his messengers, determined the success and selected the victims 
of battle. Thor his son, was the god of summer-heat, of thunder, and of war. 
He was invariably represented wdth his head encircled with stars, and with the 
hammer, or mace, in his hand, with which he used to crush the jokuns, or 
giants. These giants were Fire and Frost, they dwelt in a distant chaotic 
land, and maintained perpetual war with the gods. The earth was a conquered 
giant, and, in the extravagant fables of the north, the land was his flesh, the 
sea his blood, the firmament his skull, and the clouds his brains ! The whole 



53 INTOODITCTORY EEVIEW. 

creation was represented hj a tree, at the roots of whicb, deep sunk in the 
kingdom of death, sat the Fates, weaving the destinies of men. Valhalla, 
the palace of AYoden, the walls of which were formed of spears, the roof of 
shining bucklers, and was lighted with flashing swords, was said to be destined 
for the warriors who fell in battle. Their occupation in this abode was to 
mingle all day in ceaseless conflict, at night their wounds healed, and they 
banquetted on the flesh of the boar, and quaffed mead from the skulls of the 
conquered. Cowards were doomed to the melancholy dominions of Hela, there 
to dwell with Famine, in the palace of Anguish. No one that died a natural 
death could share the joys of the Valhalla — hence it was that the slaves were 
immolated without scruple, while some, and even princes, did not hesitate to 
sacrifice then own children. Incantations and ^^dtchcraft increased the horrid 
gloom of this belief. Nothing could be done without a spell. When the 
armourer was forging a coat of mail, he chanted a song that was to render it 
impenetrable, a similar charm over the sword was to render its edge resistless. 

But of all this there was to be an end, the gods and giants were to expire 
by mutual wounds, the Valhalla and the don_iiuions of Hela were to sink in 
one vast conflagration. The earth was to be renewed, and another paradise, 
more happy, and another hell, more terrible, than those of Woden, were to be 
the everlasting places of punishment or reward. A God, the Ancient, the 
Infinite, the Creator of all, was to decide the fate of all, and justice was to 
reign amongst men. Some traces of the Scandinavian creed still linger 
amongst us, charms and incantations are still practised among our peasantry, 
the very tales of our nursery seem derived from Thor the giant killer, while 
the days of the week are distinctly named from the gods of the Danes and 
Saxons. Sunday and Monday are the days on which the Sun and Moon were 
worshipped, Tuesday is Tuesca's day, Wednesday Woden's day, Thursday 
Thor's day, Friday the day of Friga, the wife of Thor, and Saturday the day of 
Satur. 

Fierce, hardy, and depending on the sword for their bread, the Scandina- 
vians had formed a creed which seemed the natural growth of their dispositions. 
No matter how violent their career, if they succeeded, they won broad lands 
by their daring, if they perished, Valhalla awaited them. Few could stand 
before such a race, urged on by such a belief. Strange it is that these very 
men, with their valour purified by Christianity, yet glowing in all its ardour, 
should be the warriors that were destined to oppose, on the shores of Italy and 
the plains of Syria, a race the very opposite in character, yet professing the 
same broad principles, the votaries of Mahomet, that, like themselves, fought- 
for fruitful lands or a sensual paradise. 

The restless spirit of the Danes not brooking restraint, they once more 
commenced hostilities, but, after plundering Mercia in 910, they were again 
defeated, with great slaughter, by Edward the Elder, son and successor of the 
great Alfred. In 946, Edred having mounted the throne of his brother 
Edmund, the Northumbrians took the oath of fealty, but soon after broke 
out into open rebellion, in consequence of which, Edred assembled a numerous 
army and desolated then* country. In 957 he again traversed the country 



INTRODUOTORY REVIEW. 53 

without opposition, and, after carrying away the factious nobles in bonds, he 
reduced the ancient kingdom of Northumbria to an earldom, under the com- 
mand of Earl Osulf. 

In the year 1002, Ethelred, Iling of England, planned and executed a 
measure which has rendered his name infamous. In the beginning of Novem- 
ber, he gave orders to his officers in the various towns and counties, to prepare 
themselves against a certain day for a general massacre of the Danes within 
their respective jurisdictions. On the thirteenth of that month, the festival 
of St. Brice, the unsuspecting victims, with their wives and families, were 
seized by the populace, and the horror of the murder was in many places 
aggravated by every insult that national hatred could suggest. At London, 
where they had fled for protection to the churches, they were massacred in 
crowds round the altars. To avenge the wrongs of his countrymen, and of his 
sister, who had perished in the general slaughter, Sweyne, King of Denmark, 
undertook the conquest of England, and, after several times invading the 
kingdom, and harassing the inhabitants during a period of ten years, he suc- 
ceeded in establishing himself on the English throne. Ethelred, with a few 
of his followers, seizing a boat, fled into Normandy, leaving his crown and 
kingdom to the conqueror. Sweyne died at Gainsbro', in 1014, and his son 
Canute was proclaimed king, but, being obliged to return to Denmark, the 
English, in his absence, recalled their exiled monarch, who ruled by force of 
arms over the southern parts of the island till his death, in 1016. Canute 
died here. King of England, Denmark, and Norway, in 1036. 

Harold and Hardicanute were the last of the Danish, and Edward the 
Confessor and Harold II. the last of the Saxon monarchs of England. In 
Edward's reign, the most approved Danish laws of Northumbria were incor- 
porated with the customs, maxims, and rules of the Britons, the West Saxons, 
and the Mercians. This code became common throughout England, and were 
the laws so fondly cherished by our ancestors in succeeding ages, and so often 
promised to be adhered to by princes, as the surest means of securing their 
popularity. 

William of Malmesbury, speaking of the English at this remarkable period, 
says — " They wore clothes that did not reach beyond the middle of the knee, 
their heads were shorn and their beards shaven, only that upon the upper lip 
was always let grow to its full length." 



NORMAN CONQUEST. 

On the death of Edward the Confessor, in 1041, Harold II. son of Earl 
Godwin, minister of state, ascended the throne of England, but was opposed 
by his brother Tostig, the exiled Earl of Northumberland, who prevailed upon 
Harold Hadrada, King of Norway, to assist and accompany him in his invasion 
of England. In 1066, this monarch accordingly entered tbe Tyne with a fleet 
of 500 ships, where he was joined by Tostig, and, after having plundered those 



54 INTEODUCTORT EEVIEW. 

parts, they weighed auchor, and, sailing along the coast of Yorkshire, pro- 
ceeded up the Humber, as far as Riccal, within ten miles of York. Here the 
Norwegians landed, and, marching against the city, took it by storm, after 
haying defeated Morcar, Earl of Northumbria, and Edwin, Earl of Chester, his 
brother, in a severe conflict at the village of Fulford. Harold, the King of 
England, immediately marched to York with a powerful army, to oppose the 
invaders. At the king's approach they withdrew, leaving one hundred and 
fifty of their men to prevent the English from taking peaceable possession of 
York, and to retard them in their progress. And, as a frnther means of 
securing the fidelity of the city, the invaders also selected five hundred of the 
principal inhabitants as hostages, whom they sent on board their ships. 

The Norwegians having moved a few miles from York to Stamford Bridge, 
where they secured a very strong position, were pursued by Harold, and on 
the 23rd of September a sanguinaiy battle ensued. The only passage across 
the Derwent was over a narrow w^ooden bridge, on which it is said a single 
Norwegian had placed himself, and by his extraordinary valour and strength, 
opposed the whole English army for three hours, and slew with his own hand 
forty of Harold s men. This champion was at length slain and Harold 
became the master of the bridge. The English then rushed on with resistless 
impetuosity. The conflict was dreadful, each army cod sisting of 60,000 men, 
who fought without intermission from seven in the morning till three in the 
afternoon. No quarter was given on either side. At length the Norwegian 
ranks were broken, Tostig, and the King of Norway, with the greater part 
of their army were slain, and Harold proclaimed the victor. Considerable 
booty fell into the hands of the conqueror, and the miserable remnant of the 
Norwegian army, after having delivered up their hostages, the citizens of York, 
and bound themselves by oath never to disturb the English dominions again, 
departed in twenty small vessels, though more than five hundred ships were 
employed in conveying them to this country. 

Harold's triumph was, however, of short duration, for, on his return to York, 
he received intehigence that Wiiham, Duke of Normandy, had landed with an 
immense army at Pevensey, in Sussex, Harold, immediately repaired towards 
the south, and marched at the head of his forces to expel the invader. The 
two armies met at Hastings, and, on the 14th of October, just three weeks 
after Harold's triumph at Stamford, he lost both his life and kingdom in this, 
his last and most desperate battle. William, we are told, '^ out of a pious care 
for the interest of Christendom, and to prevent the effusion of Christian 
blood, sent out, as mediator between both, a monk, who proposed these terms 
to Harold, either to resign the government, or to own it a tenure in fee from 
the Norman, or to decide the matter in single combat with William." To 
this last proposition, the thanes, who surrounded Harold, replied, — " No 
strife between a man and a man shall decide the liberties of thousands." 

On the messenger's retm-n both armies prepared for the great struggle in 
which they were about to engage. Harold selected for his post, an eminence 
looking towards the sea, which was protected on the rear by an extensive 
wood. He formed his men on the brow of the hill, the men of Kent occupying 



INTBODUCTOEY EEVIEW. 55 

the vau, protected in front by palisades. The royal banner, richly orna- 
mented with gold and precious stones, bearing as its device the figure of a 
fighting man, floated over the centre of the army, around it stood Harold, his 
two brothers, Gurth and Leofvviu, and the body-guard of Londoners. 

The Normans were arrayed in three lines upon an opposite declivity, the 
archers, the heavy armed infantiy, and, lastly, in five bodies, the knights and 
men at arms. At nine in the morning Toustain the Fair, advanced with 
the banner of William, chanting at the same time the song of Rollo. The 
Normans immediately raised the war-cry "God is our help." "Christ's Rood, 
the Holy Rood," was the reply of the Saxons. The archers drew their bows, 
and the Norman infantry charged, but quickly yielded to the rage of the 
English. Scarcely had they retreated when the whole body of their cavalry 
swept onwards, dahiug all the weight of horse, and rider against the Saxon 
ranks, which moved not a step, but stood with feet that seemed rooted to the 
earth, swaying their heavy battle-axes with rapid and unerring aim. Helm, 
hauberk, buckler, everything yielded to that formidable weapon. The left 
tving of the Normaus broke and fled, pursued by their opponents. A cry 
arose that the duke was slain, and his whole army began to waver. William 
took off his helmet to re-assure his men, and the battle was again commenced. 
The English pursuers were surrounded and at last destroyed, and once more 
all subsided into close and deadly strife. Still rose the fierce war-cry of the 
struggling combatants, still rung loud amid the clash and turmoil, the strokes 
of the ponderous battle-axe. Twice did William cause his men to flee, and 
twice were the pursuers trampled underfoot, and yet the rage of battle was 
undiminished, and the main body of the English as unyielding as ever. 
William's ranks were fearfully weakened, one-fourth of its bravest soldiers were 
among the slain, and yet, although the autumnal sun was now fast sinking 
in the western sky, he seemed as far from victory as when the fight com.- 
menced. AVhen, all at once, confusion appeared in the English lines. 
Harold was no where to be seen, an arrow had entered his brain, he had 
fallen on the corses of his gallant brothers. His troops began to relax their 
efforts, the Normans seized the opportunity, and rushed forward, some to 
complete the rout, some to seize the royal standard. But not yet was victory 
theirs, all that approached the banner fell beneath the fatal battle-axe. At 
last twenty of the bravest Normans undertook to secure the prize, ten 
fell in the attempt but the task was achieved. " The sun had set, the first 
star was in heaven, the ' Fighting Man ' was laid low, and on the spot where 
now, all forlorn and shattered, amidst stagnant water, stands the altar-stone of 
Battle Abbey, rose the glittering dragon that surmounted the consecrated 
banner of the Norman victor." 

Speaking of this conquest, Alison, the historian, observes,—" As this was 
the last of the great settlements which have taken place in Europe, so it is 
by far the most violent and oppressive. The first settlers in the provinces of 
the Roman empire, being ignorant of the use of wealth, and totally unacquainted 
with the luxuries of life, deemed themselves fortunately established when they 
obtained a part of the conquered lands. But the needy adventiu'ers who 



5^ INTBGDUCTGRY EEVIEW. 

followed the standard of William, had already acquired expensive habits, 
their desires were insatiable, and to gratify their demands, almost the whole 
landed property of England was, in a few years, confiscated. Hardly any 
conquest since the fall of Rome has been so violent, or attended with such 
spoliation, contumely, and insult. The ancient Saxon proprietor was frequently 
reduced to the rank of a serf on his paternal estate, where he nourished, in 
the meanest employments, an inextinguishable hatred of his oppressor. 
Maidens of the highest rank were compelled to take the veil, in order to pre- 
serve their persons from Norman violence, or were gkd to secure a ]egal title 
to protection by marrying the Norman nobles, and conveying to them the 
estates they had inherited from their fathers, whilst tortures of the most 
cruel kind were invented to extort from the miserable people their hidden 
treasures. In the suppression of the great rebellion in the north of England, 
the most savage measures were put in force. A tract eighty miles broad, to 
the north of the Humber, was laid waste, and above a hundred thousand 
persons in consequence perished of famine — while in Hampshire, a district of 
country thirty miles in extent was depopulated, and the inhabitants expelled 
without any compensation, to form a forest for the royal pleasure. Nor were 
these grievances merely the temporary outbursts of hostile revenge, they 
formed, on the contrary, the settled maxims by which the government for 
several reigns, was regulated, and from which the successors of the Conqueror 
were driven by necessity alone. It was long an invariable rule to admit no 
native of the island to any office of importance, ecclesiastical, civil, or military. 
In the reign of Henry I. all places of trust were still in the hands of the 
Normans, and so late as the beginning of the twelfth century, the same 
arbitrary system of exclusion seems to have been rigidly enforced. The dis- 
possessed proprietors sought in vain to regain their estates. An array of sixty 
thousand Norman horsemen was always ready to support the pretensions of 
the intruding bai'ons. The throne is still filled by the descendants of the 
Conqueror, and the greatest families in the realm date their origin from the 
Battle of Hastings." 

The Feudal System. — In fulfilment of the promise made by William 
before the Battle of Hastings, he, as we have seen, rewarded his followers with 
the lands of the vanquished. Taking care, however, to attach to these grants, 
those peculiar restrictions and burdens which are so well known as the charac- 
teristics of the feudal system, and which still form the basis of many of our 
institutions. The principal feature of this remarkable system was, that the 
lands were held, not as an ownership, but as an hereditary tenancy, which 
continued as an absolute right, so long as the conditions upon which it was 
granted were complied with. Feuds were properly divided into proper and 
improper, the former kind being such as were given without price, in consider- 
ation of military service merely, the latter, such as were not mere military 
feuds, but granted for an equivalent in money or the like, or in consideration 
of some certain service, or else granted free from all services. 

Feuds were created by investiture, which was of two kinds — the proper 
investiture, which was an actual delivery of the land by the lord to the vassal 



I 



IKTRODtJCTORt flEVlEW, 57 

in presence of his convassalli, equals, or pares — and the improper investiture, 
or symbolical delivery of the land by a wand or turf. In the case of a proper 
investiture, the lord declared the services which his tenant had to perform, at 
the time of the investiture, in the presence of the convassalli, and it became 
usual for him to give to the tenant a writing, containing a statement of such 
services, witnessed by the convassalli, in order that they might not be for- 
gotten, and this was, called a breve testatum. In the case of an improper 
investiture, the lord delivei'ed to the tenant such writing, with directions to 
some person to give him actual possession. The tenant was obliged to 
acknowledge his obligation to his lord by an oath of fidelity. Unarmed and 
bareheaded, on his knees, with his hands placed between those of his lord, he 
repeated these w^ords ; — " Hear, my lord, I become your liege man of life, 
and limb, and earthly worship, and faith and truth I will bear to you to live 
and die. So help me God." The ceremony was conch^ded with a kiss, and 
the man was thenceforth bo-jnd to respect and obey his lord — the lord to pro- 
tect his man, and to warrant to him the possession of his feud. 

After the lord had thus granted out lands as feuds, the proprietas thereof 
remained in him, and he had also the seigmorj, or right to fealty, and the 
other services reserved in the grant. And as the lord and vassal were 
mutt" ally boucd to defend each other, the former could not alien the feud 
without the consent of the latter, who might originally ha\e become his tenant 
from reliance on his power and courage, which (Qualities another lord might 
not happen to possess. And if the vassal were evicted of the feud, his lord 
was bound to recompense him by another feud of equal valne, or to pay him 
for what he had lost. On the same principle, if the lord failed in hjs duty to 
his vassal, as in not protecting and defending him, he forfeited his seigniory. 
As the lord had granted the feud on condition of some service rendered by 
his tenant, it followed that if such condition could no longer be performed, as 
where the vassal d^.ed without heirs, the feud returned to him again. If the 
heir of the feui was a minor, he became the ward of the lord, and when the 
fetid descerded to a daughter, the lord claimed the right to dispose of her in 
marriage, and a^so the homage and service of her husband. These grievances 
continued until the 12th of Charles II., when " all tenures of honours, 
manors, lands, &c., were turned into free and common soccage." 

As feuds ware not originally hereditary, although aPodial lands voluntarily 
converted into feuds always were, it became usual for the lords to require from 
the heir of a deceased vassal a present, called a relief, on granting him inves- 
titure, and also, in process of time, the vassals were obliged, besides the 
military assistance only required originally, to afford to their lords aids of dif- 
ferent kinds, the principal of which were to make the lord's eldest son a 
knight, to marry his eldest daughter, and to ransom him if captured. The 
military tenants of the crown were required to attend the court at the three 
great festivals of Christmas, Easter, and Whitsuntide, and hence were called 
the king's barons, and their lands baronies. By degrees, two classes arose, viz., 
" the greater and the lesser barons," and as the former only attended the 
king, they alone retained the title. The barons were bound to keep their 



58 INTEODUCTOEY EEVIEW. 

courts, " every year at least, or oftener if need be, at which court all the 
freeholders of the manors that stood united to the honours, were required to 
make their appearance as suitors, and not to sit, but to stand bareheaded." 
The Normans preserved most of the Anglo-Saxon laws and customs, but pre- 
ferred their own trial by battle, as more worthy of warriors and freemen, to 
the ordeals of the English. They separated the spiritual from the temporal 
courts, and the old distinction of classes, viz., ealdermen, thanes, ceorls, and 
theows, was preserved under the names of comit or earl, haron, knight, esquirCy 
free-tenant, villein or villain, and neif. 

The Conqueror, having profusely distributed the landed property amongst 
his rapacious followers, erected numerous castles to overawe the insulted and 
oppressed people, and, conscious of the detestation in which he was held, he 
entertained a perpetual jealousy of the English, and in the reckless apprehen- 
sions of his guilty mind, he compelled them to extinguish their fires and 
lights at the hour of eight o'clock every night, reminding them of this duty 
by the toll of the curfew. 

Having bj'- these tyrannical measures silenced the disaffected, and constrained 
the country to a state of sullen quietude, he caused a survey to be taken of 
all the lands in England, except Cumberland, Durham, Northumberland, and 
Westmoreland, on the model of the book of Winchester, compiled by order 
of Alfred the Great. The survey, after a labour of six years, was finished in 
1081, and was registered in that invaluable record, the Doomsday Book, in 
which the extent of each district, and whether it was meadow, pasture, wood, 
or arable, the name of the proprietor, the tenure by which it was held, and 
the value at which it was estimated, were all duly entered. The four northern 
counties above mentioned were probably omitted in this survey on the same 
grounds as Wales and Scotland, because they belonged to a prince who did 
the King of England homage, but was not required to admit the commis- 
sioners of a fiscal inquiry within his dominions. 

The Normans were remarkable for their courage and valour — though seated 
in the midst of warlike nations, they never made submission without an appeal 
to arms. " By these," says Camden, " they possessed themselves of the noble 
kingdoms of England and Sicily, so that a Sicilian historian confesses that it 
is entirely owing to the Normans that the Sicilians enjoy their native soil, 
their freedom, and their Christianity." Their valiant behaviour in the wars 
of the Crusades exceedingly increased their honour. This gave Roger Hove- 
don occasion to say — " That bold France, after she had experienced the Norman 
valour, drew back, fierce England submitted, rich Apulia was restored to her 
flourishing condition, famous Jerusalem and renowned Antioch were both 
subdued." 

The next remarkable events subsequent to the Conquest were the invasion 
and annexation of Ireland bj Henry II., in 1173, and the signing of Magna 
Chai'ta by King John at Runnemede, or Runningmede, as the charter has it. 
Speaking of Runnemede, Denham says— 



INTEOBUCTORY EEVIEW, 59 

"Here was that charter seal'd, wherein the crown 
All marks of arbitrary power lays down ; 
Tyrant and slave, those names of hate and fear, 
The happier style of king and subject bear ; 
Happy when both to the same centre move, 
"When kings give liberty and subjects love." 

But the liberty of England was not so obtained. Kings were forced to yield 
what they would not grant, and the love which we now bestow upon those 
who are the central point of our liberty is the homage of reason to security. 
Our prosperity is the ojffspriug of free institutions, and it has gone forward, 
giving strength and support to the sources whence it has been derived. Yet 
the iron men who won this charter of liberties dreamt not of the day when a 
power greater than their own, the power of the merchants and villeins, would 
rise up to keep what they had sworn to win upon the altar of St. Edmunds- 
bury. The mail-clad Fitz- Walter, and De Roos, and De Clare, and De Percy, 
and De Mandeville, and De Vescy, and De Mowbray, and De Montacute, and 
De Beauchamp, — the great progenitors of England's nobility, — compelled the 
despot John to put his seal to the charter of Runnemede. But another order 
of men, whom they of the pointed shield and mascled armour would have 
despised as slax'^s, have kept and will keep, God willing, what they won on 
the J 5th of June, in the year of grace 1215. 

The successful invasions of France by Edward III. and Henry V., are the 
next important events in our country's history — they were followed by the 
calamitous wars between the houses of York and Lancaster, or as they are 
commonly called, the " Wars of the Roses," which distracted the kingdom in 
the fifteenth century. In 1509, Henry VIII., then only sixteen years of age, 
succeeded to the throne of his father, and in 1534 threw off the Pope's supre- 
macy. The next step v/as the suppression of the religious houses, a measure 
for which the Rev. Mr. Newcome, Rector of Shenley, gives the following 
reason, — " As they, the religious houses, had ever been the main pillar and 
su]3port of the Papal povver, it was natural and consistent to abolish the 
members after the head was rejected. They were bodies so nearly allied to 
the Popedom, that they must fall with it, and though a gradual reformation 
might have been effected in them, yet, in the new plan of church government, 
they were deemed unnecessary, for the new head of the church and his 
counsellors wished to have as few subjects in the church to be governed as might 
be — accordingly by dissolving the regular clergy, and limiting the church to 
the episcopal order of seculars, they rejected about 100,000 of the former, 
and retained about 8,000 of the latter. Whatever was the pretext, the real 
truth appears to have been this — that their temporal power and wealth tempted 
their downfall, and in spite of all the good and real merit that was to be 
found in them, they fell a prey and spoil to an extravagant monarch and his 
' needy and profligate ' courtiers. In the legislature of those times, there 
were many great and able men — but whatever cause there may be to charge 
them with their want of jpiety, there is no room to accuse them of any want 



60 INTEODUCTORY REVIEW. 

of worldly wisdom, or of their embraciug that self-denial and contempt of the 
world, which they were so ready to condemn in the monks. They made laws 
and ordinances to support a new religion, when they could enrich themselves 
by suppressing the old/' " In truth," adds this able writer, " the monks did 
more to civilise mankind and to bring them within the comforts of society, 
than any set of men of any denomination have ever done. And yet the 
ungrateful world, that was enjoying the fruits of their labours and their riches, 
now that it beheld the edifice completed, cast dov/n the builders and the scaf- 
foldings as if no longer useful ! In spite of all the calumny thrown out 
against monastic institutions, nothing so well proclaims their utility as this — 
that they maintained themselves in credit and repute, some of them a thousand 
years — and many of them during the bpace of three hundred, four hundred, 
and five hundred years, and, that when they were dissolved, Edward VI. 
and his counsellors found it necessary to endow new hospitals, to build new 
schools, and to provide new relief for the poor and helpless." — History of St. 
Alhan's Abbey. 

This suppression of the monasteries, the chantries, hospitals, and other 
religious institutions, — for the benefit of the poor as well as the religious — 
exasperated the people, especially those of the northern counties, to such a 
degree, that a large multitude, amounting to upwards of thirty thousand men, 
rose in open rebellion under Robert Aske, a gentleman of considerable fortune 
and influence in Yorkshire. This rising was called the " Pilgrimage of Grace,'' 
and had for its object the re-establishment of the ancient religion and institu- 
tions. The king promised that their grievanees should be discussed, and 
that the next parliament should be held at York. But Henry, freed from 
his apprehensions, neglected to fulfil his promise, and in less than two 
months the "pilgrims" were again inarms, but were overpowered by the 
troops under the Duke of Norfolk, and seventy-four of their number were hung 
on the walls of Carlisle. 

Sanctuaries were totally abolished in ] 54.8, and at the same time Edward 
the Sixth's council made great alterations in the church-ofiices — carrying 
candles on Candlemas -day, making the sign of the cross on the forehead with 
ashes on Ash- Wednesday, and bearing palms on Palm Sunday, were forbidden, 
as also were the rites used on Good Friday and Easter Sunday. Confession 
was left optional — and in 1552 the marriage of priests was declared good and 
valid — and altars were ordered to be removed from churches, and tables sub- 
stituted. All these innovations w^ere made in the reign of Edward VI. 
When Mary ascended the throne in 1553, things were in great confusion, 
as might be expected, in consequence of the sacrilegious robberies and spolia- 
tions committed by the licentious Henry and his courtiers — and in the 
endeavour to restore the plundered property, many cruelties were perpetrated. 
She certainly had great difficulties te encounter, for although her ministers 
professed deep sorrow for what had been done, and implored forgiveness, yet, 
such as were in possession of the spoils of the monasteries held them with an 
iron grasp — they " liked not that paying back again — it was double trouble." 
Is the religion which Mary professed to be charged with the excesses 



INTRODTTCTORY EEVIEW. 61 

committed in her reign ? Ej no means — far from it. This would be^calumny 
of the blackest dye. To what then are they to be attvibuted ? To the im- 
piety of the age, the cruelty of individuals, the unchristian laws of the land, 
and not to the religion of our forefathers. If we attribute the persecutions in 
Maiy's reign to tire spirit of Catholicism, must we not, by the same rule, 
attribute the rigorous and protracted persecutions in the reign of Elizabeth, 
and (horresco referens) all the diabolical penal laws to the spirit of Protestantism? 
Assuredly we must. But both the Catholic and Protestant Churches equally 
deplore those direful persecutions, and most emphatically and unequivocally 
condemn, the laws that countenanced them. 

In 1558, Elizabeth succeeded to the throne, the Protestant religion was 
re-established, and the Catholics became the objects of persecution. In 1559, 
they made a fruitless attempt in the north to restore their religion, by assem- 
bling in open rebellion, to the number of sixteen hundred horse and four 
thousand foot, under the command of the Earls of Northumberland and 
Westmoreland, but, being defeated, many of them were taken, and hung, 
drawn, and quartered. Their two leaders fled into Scotland, whence the 
Earl of Westmoreland escaped to Flanders, but the Earl of Northumberland 
was betrayed by the Viceroy of Scotland, and was conducted to York, where 
he was beheaded, and his head afterwards exposed upon Micklegate Bar in 
that city. He died avowing the Pope's supremacy, denying that of the 
queen, and affirming that the land was in a state of schism, and Elizabeth's 
adherents no better than heretics. In this last attempt to restore the Catholic 
religion, some of the leaders are supposed to have entertained the design of 
placing on the throne the beautiful and unfortunate Mary, Queen of Scots, 
whose son, James VI, of Scotland, became on the death of Elizabeth, James I. 
of England. 

The next events of importance were the wars of the Parliament, the execu- 
tion of the king, and the period of the Commonwealth — the restoration of mon- 
archy under Charles TL, and the subsequent revolution in which James 11. 
lost his crown — and the succession of his daughter Mary, with her husband 
William, Prince of Orange, to the throne of these realms, — the change of 
dynasty in 1714, when George I., Elector of Hanover, became King of Eng- 
land. The accession of the family of Hanover, was, as is well known, a deeply 
debated question, there being various persons whose claims in point of con- 
sanguinity were stronger than those of George. Setting aside James II., and 
his unfortunate son "the Pretender," who were assumed to have forfeited 
their rights, there were descendants of Henrietta, daughter of Charles I., 
and first wife of Philip Duke of Orleans ; also descendants of Edward, son, 
and of Charlotte EHzabeth, granddaughter, of Elizabeth Stuart, daughter 
of James I. Charlotte Elizabeth was in existence at the death of Queen 
Anne, and died at St. Cloud so lately as 1722. Lastly, there was George, 
son of Sophia, Electress of Hanover, and daughter of Elizabeth Stuart. It 
is a remarkable fact, that all these descendants of James I., were Roman 
Catholics, except Sophia and her family, and on that account they were set 
aside by the nation, in accordance with the law which restricted the succes- 
sion to the Protestant heirs. 



62 INTEOBUGTOBY REVIEW. 

We eome now to that memorable rebellion of 1745, when the Chevalier 
Charles Edward Stuart, " the yomig pretender" attempted to possess him- 
self of the English crown. Prince Charles Edward Stuart, eldest son of the 
pretender, crossed the channel in a frigate of 16 guns, under the convoy of 
a I'rench ship of the line of 60 guns, and on the 25th of July, landed at 
Boradale, in Scotland. The first account of his landing was scarcely credited, 
and, when the news had been fully confirmed, all Europe was astonished at 
the darmg enterprise. Early in November, he marched southward, and 
entered Cumberland with the Duke of Perth, and an army, amounting to 
about eight or nine thousand men — on the 9th, he laid siege to Carlisle, 
which was but feebly defended by a garrison of militia, a few volunteers, and 
two small companies of invalids, under the command of Colonel Durand and 
Captain Gilpin. The population of the city at that period is said to have been 
only about 4,000. The army of the prince approached in three divisions, and 
invested the place, which very soon surrendered. The pretender was now 
proclaimed King of England, at the Cross in the Market-place, and aftervv'ards 
marched by way of Lancaster and Preston to Manchester, whence he pro- 
ceeded southward as far as Warwickshire. The prince now retraced his 
steps, and arrived at Carlisle on the 19th, closely pursued by the Duke of 
Cumberland's dragoons. Next day, the prince moved northward, leaving 400 
men in Carlisle, under the command of Sir John Hamilton, The Dake reached 
Newcastle on the 21st at the head of his army, and immediately commenced 
the siege. The garrison made a gallant but unavailing defence, being forced 
to smTender unconditionally to the superior numbers of the besiegers. Many 
of the officers, including Townley, the governor of the city, and Hamilton, the 
governor of the castle, were executed in London, with all the revolting and 
disgusting details observed in cases of high treason. The heads of Francis 
Townley and Captain Fletcher, were exhibited on Temple Bar, and the heads 
of the others were sent into the country to be publicly exposed at Carlisle and 
Manchester. Fifty were executed as deserters in different parts of Scotland, 
and eighty-one suffered as traitors, after the decisive battle of Culloden, 
which sealed the fate of Prince Charles Edward, who now became a fugitive, 
and at length escaped to France, after the failure of the second attempt of 
the expelled house of Stuart to restore themselves to the throne of their 
ancestors. Ever after his retreat from Derby his fortunes ebbed, as the re- 
tiring tide after it has reached its limits :— 

" There is a tide in the affairs of men, 
Which taken at the flood, leads on to fortune, 
Omitted, all the voyage of their life 
Is bound in shallows and in miseries." 

The history of his enterprise is a commentary on the text of the immortal 
bard? There was a tide so strongly in his favour as to excite the astonishment 
of all observers. He missed it, and achieved not fortune, but irretrievable 
ruin. 



INTROBUCTORY EEYIEW. 63 

For centuries after the Norman conquest, the restless and vindictive Scots 
continued to make frequent, and devastating incursions, and to lay waste and 
plunder the territories of their neighbours in the northern counties of England, 
for though truces were several times patched up, hostilities soon recommenced 
with increased fury, and the border counties, being the first scenes of action, 
suffered more during these semi- barbarous ages than any other part of the 
kingdom. The union of the two countries had often been suggested by the 
EngUsh court, for centuries before its accomplishment, but the Scots always 
contemptuously rejected the terms held out to them. Queen Anne at length, 
by her unwearied perseverance, and the assistance of a number of the leading 
men of both nations effected, after serious and protracted debates, this im- 
portant desideratum. 

The Bosdeeees, both English and Scotch, were, from an early period till 
the union, accustomed to the most nefarious practices of freebooting, aiid con- 
sidered their theft and plunder only as a fair reprisal. They entertained but 
little affection for the nations to which they respectively belonged, for it was 
a matter of the utmost indifference to them whether they preyed upon their 
own or the opposing party. They retained in their mountains and forests the 
laws and manners of the ancient Britons, forming themselves into septs or 
chins, according to the Celtic system. These border clans were very nume- 
rous, and each was commanded by a border chief, who, when any of his clans- 
7116)1 sustained injury, was bound to seek revenge, and defend "all his name, 
kindred, mountaineers, and upholders," and, on the other hand, to retaliate 
whatever the injured party might, in their thirst for vengeance, commit. 
By this barbarous system, a ferocious animosity, or as it has been very appro- 
priately designated, a deadly feud, was cherished on the borders. These 
martial clans were always eager and prepared for war, and at the sound of their 
slugan were speedily gathered together. The slugan or slughorn was also 
used as a watchword, by which, either in the night or in the confusion of 
battle, persons of the same clan recognised each other, and, in order to elude 
observation in their nocturnal prowls, ihey wore a sort of brown or heath- 
coloured dress. They were excellent archers, and it is said their bows were 
as sure as a rifle gun. Some rode small horses, which, on account of their 
fleetness, were celled prickers. Though they, it is said, "would not care to 
steal, yet they would not betray any man that trusted in them, for all the gold 
in England and France." They were very nice and particular in the choice 
of their wives — a stout man would not marry a small woman, were she ever 
so rich — and an Englishman was prohibited by the March Laws from marrying 
a Scotchwoman, were she ever so honest. The females, like their husbands, 
possessed a bold and warlike spirit, and, in 1570, many desperate women are 
said to have " fought right stoutly" in a battle near Naworth. Being strangers 
to religion, the few religious houses which the piety of a former age had 
founded on the borders, were destroyed by them after Edward I. had usurped 
the Scottish throne. 

In 1603, the last hostile inroad, before the union of the two kingdoms, 
happened immediately after the accession of James II., when between two 



64 I25TROBTTCTORY REVIEW. 

and three hundred Scots entered Camberland, and committed various depre- 
dations as far as Penrith. James, who was at Berwick, oi his way to London, 
sent Sir WiUiam Selby, governor of that p^ace, with a detachment of the 
garrison, who soon dispersed the invaders, and sent those who fell into their 
hands to the castle of Carlisle. The two countries being now united under 
one monarch, and frontier towns no longer necessary, King James reduced the 
garrisons of Carlisle and Berwick, and ordered the term " Borders" to be 
changed to " Middle Shires," they being now nearly in the centre of his ex- 
tended dominion. The extinction of the border feuds, however, was not com- 
pletely effected till after the final union in 1706, for long-cherished distinc- 
tions and prejudices are not easily eradicated. Prior to the union, the Bor- 
derers were in a wretched condition, as may be inferred from the many 
hundreds who were employed during the night to watch and guard all the 
fords, passes, and inlets to toe valleys. 

Boeder Laws a^b Service. — As the borders were so repeatedly the scenes 
of rapine and bloodshed, it became necessary to govern them by distinct 
laws — consequent'j, in the reign of Edward I., a code of laws was enacted, 
and placed under the admioiBtration of officers of high rank, entitled ivardens 
of the inarches. Though the wardens held courts, executions often took place 
without the formality of a trial, and matters difficult of proof were generally 
decided by single combat. The EngHsh and Scotch wardens sometimes held 
days of truce for consultations, but these often ended in bloodshed, for they 
occasionally assumed the power of waging war and making peace, and the 
border laws empowered either them or their deputies to pursue the moss- 
troopers (freebooters) into the neighbouring kingdom, by the hot-trod — a 
pursuit maintained with a lighted piece of turf carried on a spear, with hue 
and cry, bugle horn and bloodhound, and all who heard the alarm were 
expected to join in the chase. These laws, however, did not eradicate the 
evil, for many of the clans of moss-troopers continued their depredations long 
after the union of the two kingdoms, though a very great check was given to 
them by an edict, prohibiting borderers, " except gentlemen of high rank and 
respect," from carrying weapons, and by other statutes passed in the reign of 
Charles IL, against " a great number of lewd, d:^sorderly, and lawless persons, 
being thieves and robbers, who are called moss-troopers." In 1701, there were 
officers on the borders, called country-'keepers, who, for a certain sum of money, 
insured their respective districts against theft and devastation. In 1715, 
many of the borderers were in arms under General Forster and the unfortunate 
Earl of Dervventwater, and some of them were amongst the adherents of the* 
exiled house of Stuart in 174'o, for the Scots long cherished with chivalrous 
affection the recollection of their Scottish origin and name, and many of the 
nobility and gentry of the north, at this period, generously sacrificed both 
their lives and fortunes in the last attempt to restore the Stuarts to their 
ancestral throne. 

The last important event is the union between Great Britain and Ireland, 
in the year 1800, from which time Ireland has ceased to have a separate 
legislature, and the British islands have been denominated the United King- 
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, or the British Empire. 



INTEOBUCTORY REVIEW. 



65 



The extension of our foreign commerce in the sixteenth century introduced 
into England a great variety of exotics, among which are pale gooseberries, 
introduced in 1520 — artichokes and parsley, in 1551 — currants, in 1555 — 
lettuces, garden cresses, and apricots, 1562 — spinach, ] 568 — tobacco, 1 583-6 — 
beet, thyme, and mulberries, 1596 — radishes, cucumbers, potatoes, and tea, 
at)out 1597 — besides several others, 

TABLE OF ENGLISH SOVEREIGNS. 



KINGS ANTEEIOE TO THE CONQUEST. 



Saxon 
Line. 



Banish 
Line. 

Saxon 
Line. 



Egbert 

Ethelwolf 

Ethelbald 

Ethelbert 

Ethelred I 

r— t7Ufred the Great. 

Edward I 

Athelstan 

Edmund I 

Edred 

Edwy or Edwin... 

Edgar 

Edward II 

Ethekedll 

Edmund II 



Canute 

Harold I. . . . 
Hardicanute. 



Edward III. 
Harold II. . 



GENEALOGY. 



Son of Cerdic, a Saxon General 

Son of Egbert 

Son of Ethelwolf 

Son of Ethelwolf 

Son of Ethelwolf 

Son of Ethelwolf 

Son of Alfred 

Son of Edward I 

Brother of Athelstan 

Brother of Edmund I 

Nephew of Edred 

Brother of Edwy 

Son of Edgar 

Son of Edgar 

Son of Ethelred 



King of Denmark 
Son of Canute . . . 
Son of Canute . . . 



Brother of Hardicanute 
Son of Earl Godwin. . . . 



EEIGNED EEIGND 
EEOM TO YEARS. 



827 

836 
858 
800 
866 
871 
901 
925 
940 
916 
955 
959 
975 
978 
1016 

1017 
1030 
1039 

1041 

1066 



836 
858 
860 
806 
871 
901 
925 
940 
946 
955 
959 
975 
978 
1016 
1017 

1036 
1039 
1041 

1066 
]066 



9 
22 

2 

6 

5 
30^ 
24 
15 

6 

9 

4 
16 

3 
38 

1 

19 
3 

2 

25 
nrly. 1 



KINGS AND QUEENS OF ENGLAND SINCE THE CONQUEST. 



Norman 
Line. 

House of 
Blois. 



Plantagenet 
Line. 



William I. . 
William II 
Henry I . . . 



Stephen. 



Henry II . . . 
Eichardl. . . 

John 

Henry III.. 
Edward I. . . 
Edward II.. 
Edward III. 
Richard II . 



Duke of Normandy - 
Son of Wilham I . . , 
Son of William I . . , 



Nephew of Henry I . 



Grandson of Henry I , . . 

Son of Henry II 

Son of Henry II 

Son of John 

Son of Henry III 

Son of Edward I 

Son of Edward II 

Grandson of Edward III. 



1066 


1087 


1087 


1100 


1100 


1135 


1135 


1145 


1154 


1189 


1189 


1199 


1199 


1216 


1216 


1272 


1272 


1307 


1307 


1327 


1327 


1377 


1377 


1399 



21 
13 
35 

19 

35 
10 
17 
56 
35 
20 
50 






INTRODUCTOEY EEVIEW. 



KINGS AND QUEENS SINCE THE CONQUEST.— Continued. 



House of 
Lancaster 



House of 
York. 



House of 
Tudor. 



Stuart 
Line. 

The Com- 
monwealth 

Stuart 
Line. 

House of 
Orange. 

Stuart 
Line. 



House of 
Honover. 



Henry B^ 
Henry Y . 
Henry YI. 



Edward IN . 
Edward Y... 
Eichardlll. 



Henry YII . 
Hem-v YIII. 
Edward YI . 

Maiy 

Elizabeth. ., 



James I . 
Chaiies I . 



Oliver Cromwell.. 
Richard Cromwell. 



Charles 11. 
James II . , 



William and Mary 
Anne 



George I . . 
George II . , 
George III 
George lY. , 
William lY 

YlCTOKIA . . 



GENEAIOGY. 



Son of John of Gaunt Duke of Lane. 

Son of Henry lY 

Son of Henry Y 



Great Grandson of Edward III. . 

Son of Edward lY 

Brother of Edward lY 



A des. of John of Gaunt. 

Son of Henry YII 

Son of Henry YIII . . . . 
Daughter of Henry YIII. 
Daughter of Henry YIII. 



Son of Mary Queen of Scots 
Son of James I 



Son of a Brewer of Huntingdon 
Son of Oliver Cromwell 



Son of Charles I 
Son of Chaiies I 



Son-in-law and daughter of James II. 
Daughter of James II. 



Great Grandson of James I 

Son of George I . . . . , 

Grandson of George II . . . , 
Son of George III ........ 

Son of George III 

Neice of William lY 



REIGNED 
FEOM j TO 



1399 

1413 
1422 

1461 

1483 
1483 

1485 
1509 
1547 
1553 
1558 

1603 
1625 

1649 
1658 

1660 
1685 

1688 

1702 

1714 

1727 
1760 
1820 
1830 
1837 



1413 

1422 
1461 

1483 
1483 
1485 

1509 
1547 
1553 
1558 
1603 

1625 
1649 

1658 
1659 

1685 
1688 

1702 

1714 

1727 
1760 
1820 
1830 
1837 



KEIGXD 
TEARS. 



14 

9 
39 

22 
lOwks. 
2 years 

24 
38 

6 

3 
45 

22 
24 



25 yrs. 

14 

12 

13 
33 

60 
10 



ANCIENT KINGDOMS AND PROVINCES IN 
ENGLAND, WALES, AND SCOTLAND. 

We subjoin the following sections from the elaborate report of tlie Census 
Commissioners, as being the most complete ^Yith which we are acquainted. 

The existence of Towns, Hundreds, and Counties in England, at an early 
period, is well established, but their origin and nature have not yet been 
satisfactorily explained. Britain in the time of the Romans was occupied by 
numerous tribes, of which eighteen in England and Wales have left names 
in histoiy, while the names of as many as eighteen tribes are scattered over 
the map of Scotland. Under the Romans, when the Notitia Imjjerii was 
compiled, it appears that the province of Britian was in five natural divisions : 



INTRODUCTORY REVIEW. 67 

Britannia Prima comprised the country south of tlie Thames and of the 
Bristol Channel; Britannia Secunda, the present Wales and border counties, 
separated by the Severn from Flavia Casariensis, \Yhich extended over the 
central portion of the island to the Humber and Mersey. Maxima Ccesariensis, 
from this boundary, stretched to the Tyne and Hadrian's Wall ; while Valentia 
covered ^Northumberland north of the Tyne, and the south of Scotland, as far 
as the wall of Antonine. For Kichard of Cirencester asserts that the country 
to the north of the Frith of Forth constituted a sixth division, under the name 
of Tespasiana ; leaving Caledonia imsubdued beyond the Murray Frith. 
The to^^iis had an independent jurisdiction in the midst of the British popu- 
lation, and, according to the treatise which is a-scribed to Richard of Ciren- 
cester, two of them were municipal towns {Verulamium, St. Albans, and 
Ehuracmn, York); nine including (Londiniwn, London) were colonicB; ten 
were cities (like Lugiivalliam, Carlisle, and Corinium, Cirencester) under the 
Latian law ; and twelve of less importance, wer^fslipen diary towns. After 
the Britons were subdued, the military force in the province consisted at firsr 
of three legions, and afterwards of two legions, the sixth stationed at York, 
and the second at Isca (Caerleon). The twentieth legion was posted at Deva 
(Chester). Auxilliary troops were scattered around the main stations. At 
the time the Notitia was composed, the military force was, according to the 
best estimate, 21,000 infantry and cavalry. This affords some idea of the 
populousness of the country, which as is shown by the Itineraries, and the 
list of the writer of Ravenna, was occupied by numerous towns, and traversed 
by roads. The immemorial sites of the chief towns and roads of the kingdom 
were fixed during the Roman occupation, and where large Roman cities, like 
Sorhiodunum (Old Sarum), UHoconium (Wroxeter), and Calleva, (Silchester), 
fell into decay, it will generally be found that other cities arose in their neigh- 
bourhood, so that there was not so much an abandonment, as a removal of the 
city to meet the altered circumstances of the population. 

The Saxons found Britain in the hands of many kings ; but when ^lla was 
Bretwalda (a.d. 491), the Island was divided north and south, apparently by 
the Humber, into Albania and Loegria ; the east side of the Island ii 
■^Albania, was occupied by the Picts ; Bryneich and Deifyr lay between the 
Frith of Forth and the Humber ; the south-eastern angle was held by the 
Jutes and Saxons ; on the west side of the Island, Cambria lay beyond the 
Severn; the Regnum Cumbrense extended from the Mersey to the Clyde, 
and the Scots had possession of the coast of Albania, next Ireland. 

In the period of the Octarchy the west side of the Island was still in the 
possession of the Celtic tribes, who held West Wales and North Wales, on 
both sides of the estuary of the Severn, extending from sea to sea ; as well as 
Strathclyde and Cum.bria, stretching from Alcluid (Dumbarton), over KarJeol 
(Carlisle, which, however, was at an early period occupied by the Northum- 
brians), and round the Cumbrian Skiddaw and Helvellyn to the Mersey. 
From the eastern side of the forests, moors, and mountains of the north, the 
kingdom of Northumbria descended to the sea, stretching from Edwinsburgh, 
over the Tweed and Hadrian's Wall, the Tyne, and, sometimes, the Humber. 



U 



68, INTEODUCTOEY EEYIEW. 

Bernicia was separated from Deira by the woody franchise of St. Cuthberfc 
(afterwards Durham), between the Tyne and the Tees. The East Angles and 
the East Saxons settled in the country between the Wash and the Thames. 
The kingdoms of Kent, of the South Saxons, and of Wessex, extended from 
the North Foreland and the Thames, to the western shore. 

The Danes swept round the east coasts with their fleets, and settled in 
large numbers, increased by continual immigration from the continent, on the 
whole of the east side of the Island ; and the country east of the river Lea, the 
Ouse, and Watling-street, or the ancient Roman Road, as well as Northum- 
bria, was thenceforth designated generally, Danelagh, or "Dane-Law." Wes- 
sex occupied the south side — the Celtic states the icest side of the triangular 
island ; and Mercia filled the centre of the island. Scotland passed into the 
hands of the Scots. The Saxon kings of Wessex — Egbert, Alfred, Edward 
the Elder, Athelstan, and Edgar — for a time reigned paramount over the 
kingdom; but the warlike genius of the Northmen finally gained the ascen- 
dancy, and Canute ruled the nations on the whole natural area of the Scandi- 
navian race — occupied by the English, the Scots, and the Britons, as well as the 
Swedes, the Danes, and the Norwegians. Canute divided England into four 
distinct governments ; Northumbria, East Anglia, Mercia, and Wessex, which 
he held in his own hands as an Earldom. In the time of Edward the Con- 
fessor, Siward held Northumbria ; Harold, East Anglia ; Godwin, Wessex ; 
Sweyne, the country between the Severn and the Thames to Staines ; Leofric, 
Mercia ; the king of the Scots, Lothian ; and a Scottish prince the kingdom 
of Cumbria. 



• SHIRES. 

The Saxons in England formed successively, under kings, two, three, four, 
five, six, seven, eight, small states, which were gradually reduced by conquest 
to three (Wessex, Mercia, Northumbria), that remained, to a certain extent, 
distinct and important, after they were finally incorporated in one. The lar- 
ger states must necessarily have been subdivided, for military as well as civil 
purposes, from the earliest periods. Tacitus notices subdivisions of the tribes 
in Germany — and Mr. Kemble, who has devoted so much time so successfully 
to the elucidation of Saxon records and history, has endeavoured to show that 
the Mark and Ga of Germany may be still traced in English names, charters, 
and territorial divisions. Ingulphus affirms that Alfred divided the kingdom 
into counties, hundreds, and ty things, when he had an Inquisition taken, which 
served as the model of the Doomsday Survey, and was digested and registered 
in the roll of Winchester. About and after the year 800, divisions of parts 
of Wessex, under the names of existing counties, are also referred to in the 
Saxon Chronicle — and the early laws mention ealdormen of shires. Bern, the 
ealdorman of the Northumbrians was burnt by the high reeves, at Stilton in 
780. That many subdivisions of the Saxon " kingdoms" existed before 



INTEODUCTOKY EEVIEW. 6^9^ 

tlie davg of Alfred is incontestable. Bede mentions Lindisse (Lincoln), 
the North Mercians, the South Mercians, the Midland Angles (Angli Medi- 
terranei), Regie Sudergeona (Surrey), and other small regions. The statement 
of Ingulphus is supported by Malmesbury. He says that the natives misled 
by the example of the barbarous Northmen, indulged in rapine, and that Alfred, 
inconsequence, "appointedcenturies, which they call 'hundreds,' and decen- 
naries, that is to say ' tythings,' so that every Englishman, living according 
to law, must be a member of both." The laws ascribed to the Confessor, 
embody this statement, and Malmesbury s description of the institution. 
x\fter the time of Alfred, the counties are distinctly specified in the Saxon 
Chi'onicle, and the "different manuscripts usually adopt the word sah' where 
we use shire, and with the same meaning." Florence of Worcester and 
William of Malmesbury name 32 counties south of the Humber — the Saxon 
Chronicle mentions 26, of which 21 are distinguished as shires. 

The division of England into counties, each having an ealdorman discharg- 
ing civil and military functions under the king and his council, was evidently 
based upon the old divisions of the country. Two small kingdoms became 
the counties of Kent and Sussex — the kingdom of the East Saxons became 
Essex and Middlesex — of the East Angles, Norfolk and Suffolk. The lands 
of the Wilssstan, Dornsaetan, Sumersaetan (from Ssetan settlers), became 
Wilts, Dorset, Somerset — to which shire was .perhaps unnecessarily added. 
Damnonia and Ce'rnaw, v^Tung succesively from the Welsh, as they retreated 
first beyond the Exe and then over the Tamar, were named Devonshire and 
Cornwall. The district of Berkshire, whose men, under their ealdonnen, 
fought and put the "army" of Northmen to flight in A.D. 860 and 871, was, 
it is said, so named from the character of the country. Sutherige, Surrey, 
(southern island), was named from the town on the Thames. Another class 
of counties was evidently constructed on different principles : thus the county 
containing Winchester, the capital of Wessex, was called Hamtunscir, from 
Hamtun now Southampton. All the counties into which Mercia was divided 
were named from their large central towns, which became the county towns — 
thus it was with Hert/orcZshire, Bnckinghamshive, Oxfordshire, &c. Lincolnshire 
Yorkshire, Durham, are also named from the county towns — Rutland, North- 
thumberland, Cumberland, and Westmoreland are not named from towns, 
but, like the counties in the south, from the people and the locality — after 
the analogy of Fiiigland, Scotland, Ireland. 

All the English counties, south of the Humber and Mersey, are nominally 
enumerated by Malmesbury, except Rutland and Middlesex, but he designates 
the northern parts as " all the region beyond the Humber as far as Scotland." 
After A.D. 952, the province of Northumbria was administered by earls, and 
while Lothian was, about a.d. 972, granted to Kenneth, King of Scotland, to 
be held by homage, Northumbria shrunk as an earldom within the limits of 
the present county, between the Tees and the Tweed, and the kingdom — the 
earldom of Deira — became the county of York. The bishop, by the grace of 
St. Cuthbert, obtained an almost regal jurisdiction in Durham, which, lying 
between the Tees and Tyne, separates the two great northern counties. When 



70 KTKODUCTORY REVIEW* 

Cumberland, Westmoreland, and Lancashire were detached from Cumbna, of 
which Malcom lY. was appointed king by Duncan, a.d, 1033, does not clearly 
appear. " Northumberland, Cumberland, Westmoreland, and Durham are 
not described in the survey of which Doomsday is the record, nor does 
Lancashire appear under its proper name — but Furness and the northern 
part of the county, as well as the south of V/estmor eland, with part of Cum- 
berland, Bie included in the West Riding of Yorkshire — that part of Lanca- 
shire which lies between the Pdbble and Mersey, and which at the time of the 
survey comprehended six hundreds, and one hundred and eighty-eight manors, 
is subjoined to Cheshire — and part of Rutlandshire is described in the adjacent 
counties of Northampton and Lincoln. To which may be added, that in later 
times, the two ancient hundreds of Atiscross and Exestan, deemed a part of 
Cheshire in the survey, have been transferred to the counties of Flint and 
Denbigh, in the principality of Wales. Herefordshire, which, in the time of 
the Conqueror, appears to have been esteemed almost a Welsh county, is 
included in the return. In the account of Gloucestershire, we find a consi- 
derable portion of Monmouthshire included, probably all between the Wye 
and the Usk." 

Henry II., at the Council of Northampton, by the common consent of the 
archbishops, bishops, earls, and barons of his realm, clivided his kingdom into 
six parts, to each of which he appointed three justices itinerant. The counties 
in each circuit are enumerated in the annals of the time, and all the names of 
the existing counties occur, except Middlesex, Rutland, Durham, Cheshire, 
and Monmouthshire. The small county of Rutland was probably attached to 
Lincoln and Northampton — Durham aud Cheshire were counties palatine, 
without the jurisdition — and Monmouthshire had not been detached from 
Wales — Richmondshire and Coupland are mentioned among the northern 
counties, and, like Hallamshire, Howdenshire, Bedliugtonshire, Islandshire, 
and Norhamshire, seem to intimate that a politic but unsuccessful attempt 
had been once made to cut up Northumbria, like Mercia, into small counties. 

The 40 counties of England, 12 of Wales, 32 of Scotland, making 84 
counties in Great Britain, vary much in size and population. The English 
counties consist of a variable number of hundreds, and, until latterly, had 
detached parts \\ithin each other's limits. All the estuaries, and the lai'ge, 
as well as some of the small rivers on the east coast, serve to mark the 
bounds of extensive counties. The Tweed, Tyne, Tees, Humber, Wash, 
Yare, Stour, Thames, separate Northumberland, Durham, Yorkshire, Lincoln- 
shii'e, Norfolk, Sufi'olk, Essex, and Kent, which were, at one time or other of 
the Saxon period, separately or conjointly, small kingdoms. On the south 
coast, the smaller rivers appear to have been disregarded in fixing the bounds 
of Kent, Sussex, Hampshire, Dorset, and Devon, but the Tamar divides 
Devon from Cornwall. The Bristol Channel and the estuary of the Severn, 
separate Somerset and Devon from Glamorganshhe and Monmouthshire — the 
indentations of the coast by estuaries mark, on the west coast, the divisions 
of the Welsh counties — the Dee divides Flint from Cheshire — the Mersey, 
Cheshire from Lancashire, which now extends over the Ribble and Morecambe 



INTEODUCTOEY EEVIEW. 71 

Bay, to the Dudden and Windermere, ^Yhere it touches Cumberland and 
Westmoreland. The Thames is a boundary from its mouth almost to its 
som'ce. It separates Essex, Middlesex, Buckinghamshire, and Oxfordshire, 
on its north bank — from Berkshire, Surrey, and Kent, on the south bank. 
The arrangement on the Severn is different — the county towns of Gloucester, 
Worcester and Shrewsbury are on its banks, and the counties extend to the 
hills on both sides. Herefordshire, in like manner, extends over the middle 
portion of the basin of the Wye. All the midland counties on the site of 
Mercia are small, and as the county towns are on the rivers, extend on both 
sides of the basins. This difference in the boundary, implying the existence 
of bridges, and in size, implying that the country had become more populous, 
also strengthens the inference that Mercia was divided into counties about 
the age of Alfred and the time of the Danish invasions. 

The shire is an important subdivision of the kingdom, and each shire has 
numerous officers :(1) a lord lieutenant, who is also (2) custos-rotulurum or 
keeper of the archives, except in counties of cities :(3) a sheriff", who appoints(4) 
an under-sheriff (5) justices of the peace, all appointed by the crown :((5)a county 
treasurer, and (7) a clerk of the peace, generally an attorney, who is appointed 
by the custos-rotulorum :(8) the county coroners are elected by the free-holders, 
as(9) the knights of the ^shire were formerly. The revenue of the shires is 
chiefly derived from rates which are struck by the justices of the peace in 
counties at quarter sessions. The rates, which were formerly collected by the 
high constables — or constables of hundreds — are directed under 7 and 8 Vic, 
c. 38, to be collected by the Board of Guardians, and to be paid by them to 
the county treasurer. The county expenditure is chiefly incurred in main- 
taining bridges, gaols, police, prisoners, lunatic asylums, and the various 
county officers ; some of whom are paid, although the majority of the offices 
are honorary, and are discharged gratuitously. The Shiregemote was a court 
of great importance in Anglo-Saxon times; and held two annual general 
meetings, one in spring, and another in autumn for the transaction of business, 
civil, military, and ecclesiastical. But as it was found impossible to despatch 
all the business at these two meetings, county courts, called folcmotes, were 
appointed to be held by the Shire-reeve every four weeks. 

Teything or Riding. — ^Next to the Shire came the Trything or Riding, 
a term which implies a third part; a mode of division in England now 
peculiar to Yorkshire, but common to Lincolnshire and some other counties 
in the Anglo-Saxon era. The chief magistrate was called the trything-man 
or lathgrieve, presiding over three, four, or more hundreds, formed into what 
was called a trything, hi some places a lathe, and in other places a rape. 
Hence the lathes of Kent, the rapes of Sussex, the parts of Lincoln, and the 
trythings or ridings of Yorkshire. 

Hundreds. — Subdivisions of the shires have existed since the age of 
Alfred, and hundreds, tythings, and hides, are named in the early Saxon laws, 
charters, and other records. The notices are, however, by no means precise, 
nor are they all consistent, either with themselves, or with what is found to 
exist of the ancient divisions in later times. The simplest view may be thus 



7*2 INTRODUCTORY REVIEW. 

stated ; — England was divided into hides — about 274,950 in number, and a 
hide of land, containing 100 or 130 acres, supported a free family— ten such 
free families constituted a tything — ten or twelve tythings a hundred — an in- 
definite number of hundreds a shire. The hundred is used in the Doomsday 
Eeturn (1086), as a well defined territorial division of the county. The 
hundred in East Anglia consisted of twelve leets, peoples, grouped by threes 
in four head leets — and the hypothesis, that the hundred generally should 
contain twelve tithings, each of which had a head man, tithingman, and the 
twelve tithingmen of the hundred a foreman, or hundred-man at its head, meet- 
ing in court twelve times a year, represents the Teutonic and northern theory 
of this institution, as accurately, perhaps, as any other that has been proposed. 
In this hypothesis, England should have been divided into 2,263 hundreds, 
and 27,156 tithings — districts undoubtedly of a convenient size for many 
administrative purposes, and agreeing closely with the number of sub-districts 
(2007), and enumeration districts (27,884), into which the country has been 
divided for the purpose of registration and of taking the census. 

In naming the districts corresponding to hundreds in Yorkshire, Lincoln- 
shire, and Nottinghamshire, the term "hundred" was abandoned and wapentake 
was used, and in the four northern counties of Northumberland, Durham, 
Cumberland, and Westmoreland we find " ward" used for the same purpose. 
This naming is supposed to have arisen from the warding or guarding neces- 
sary in that part of the country against the frequent incursions of the Scots. 
There is another peculiarity in the northern counties — the parishes hke 
those of Scotland, are seven or eight times as large as the parishes of the 
southern counties of England. The hundred-man, above mentioned, was the 
captain of his hundred in the time of war, was well as theu' civil magistrate in 
time of peace — and, for the performance of his duties, he received one third 
of all the fines imposed in his court. The court commonly met once every 
month, and all the members, in imitation of their German ancestors, came 
to it in armSj — a custom from which it obtained the name of the wapentac, 
or wapentake. At the beginning of each meeting, aU the members touched 
wdth their spears, that of the hundred-man, in token of their acknowledging 
his authority, and being ready to fight under his command. In these courts, 
the archdeacon, and sometimes the bishop, presided with the hundred-man, 
and both civil and ecclesiastical affairs were taken cognizance of in them. 
The hundred comts did not possess the power of inflicting capital punishments, 
an appeal lay from them to the trything the next superior court. 

Sessional Divisions. — The divisions existing in all the counties of England 
and Wales for the purposes of special and petty sessions, are in general based on 
the hundreds and other ancient county subdivisions. By the authority of various 
Acts of Parliament the justices at Quarter Sessions may alter and re-arrange 
these sessional divisions, and they are empowered to adopt the same limits as 
those of poor-law unions. In the exercise of these powers the justices have 
occasionally transferred parishes and places from one division to another, and, 
for the convenience of the constables or of the .public, annexed such parishes 
to others in a particular hundred of the division to which they have been 



iNTEODtrCTOEY EEtlEW. 73 

assigned. By this transference, the parishes thus dealt with for a special pur- 
pose, have come to be considered for all purposes \Yliatever, parts of the hundred 
to which they have been added, and have thenceforward been deemed as 
much part of the hundred as any of the other parishes which may have been 
named as belonging to it in the Doomsday Survey. It seems clear, however, 
that while the justices have full power to divide the counties in any manner 
which they may think expedient for the convenience of holding sessions, they 
possess no authority to alter the ancient hundreds. That in practice a 
different view is taken in some counties is sufficiently obvious from the returns 
of the Clerks of the Peace. 

For the purposes of xissize and Gaol delivery, there are in England and Wales 
eight circuits of the judges, besides the jurisidiction of the Central Criminal 
Court at London. The circuits are known as the Home, Midland, Norfolk, 
Oxford, Northern, Western, North Whales, and South Wales circuits, and in- 
clude the counties situated in the parts of the country implied by their names. 

Municipal Cities and Boeoughs. — WTlen the Anglo-Saxons first invaded 
England " the woods" were no longer the " towns" of the natives. The 
Britons had been collected in cities, polished, but subjugated by the Eoman 
legionaries, who lived in villas and towns, on taxes which their publicans 
collected. As the Eoman towns still existed, some of their forms and institu- 
tions may have remained, and have impressed on the populations of London, 
York, and other cities, some modifications of the national institutions of the 
Anglo-Saxons and Scandinavians. Those modifications can, hov/ever, rarely 
be traced. The condition and circumstances were no longer the same in the 
fertile cultivated soil of England as they had been on the western shores of the con- 
tinent, and the new races adapted themselves to the change, but their relations 
to each other, to their families, and to their princes, required free institutions 
of a character very different from the provincial organization of the declining 
Eoman empire. The Saxon borough was a modification of the hundred — the 
burgesses w^ere freemen bound to each other as neighbours, responsible for 
each other to surrounding communities, sharing common burdens, classified 
further in Guilds of Trades, or Companies, which sprang up with the divisions 
of labour, and banded fii*mly together for the defence of their walls and 
dwellings. " It must be clearly understood," observes one of the ablest of 
our constitutional historians, " that a Saxon Burgh was nothing more than 
a hundred or an assemblage of hundreds, surrounded by a moat, a stockade, 
or a wall, and the name of the hundred was actually given to some of the 
most considerable cities, burghs, and towns of England. No right was con- 
ferred or destroyed by the feeble fortifications which protected the burgesses, 
and the jurisdiction of the burgh-moot, or port-moot, differred from that 
possessed by the analogous districts in the open country, only iu consequence 
of the police required by a more condensed population, and the institu- 
tions, perhaps of a Eoman origin, which incorporated the trading portions of 
the community, all of which were extraneous to the primitive territorial 
jurisdiction of the burgh, and in no respect aftecting its constitutional exist- 
ence or nature. 



74 INTRODUCTORY REVIEW. 

The eleven cities of London, Bristol, Canterbuiy, Chester, Exeter, Glouces- 
ter, Lichfield, Lincoln, Norwich, Worcester, York — and the five towns of 
ICingston-upon-Hull, Newcastle-on-Tjne, Nottingham, Poole, Southampton, 
in England — and two, Gaermartheu and Haverfordwest, in Wales, are 
" Counties of themselves" — as was also the city of Coventry till lately. The 
cities on the old Roman sites maintained their independence of the country 
around them, as well as of the early Saxon kingdoms, to a larger extent than 
other towns, as is indicated by their independent county jurisdiction. 

Some of the ancient boroughs fell into decay, new boroughs sprang up in 
other parts of the country, many towns were created boroughs for purposes not 
now very intelligible, and with the rapid increase of population which com- 
menced after 1750, and has gone on for nearly a century — through three 
successive generations — the houses have spread beyond the limits of the old 
boroughs and cities. In 1835, a great change was made in their constitution, 
and the limits of many were enlarged by the adoption of the new^ boundaries, 
settled for the purposes of parliamentary elections, after an inquiry by com- 
missioners into the circumstances of each place. The affairs of municipal 
boroughs are administered by councils, elected in the several wards — by a 
mayor and aldermen, elected out of the council — auditors and assessors, 
elected by the burgesses — a treasurer and a town-clerk, appointed by the 
council. Such functionaries exist in every reformed borough — others may be 
appointed. Justices of the peace may be appointed by the Queen, so may 
salaried police magistrates, and a recorder, after petition by the council 
to the crown. There are coroners of the borough. The control of the 
police, the administration of justice, the lighting and paving of the streets, 
and other local functions, are in the hands of the corporations. The bur- 
gesses and householders, in many municipal boroughs, elect burgesses by 
majorities to serve in Parliament. 

Parliamentary Boroughs. — There were, in March, 1851, 200 cities, 
boroughs, and districts of boroughs in England and Wales, sending members 
to Pariiament, and 21 burghs, or district of burghs in Scotland. St. Alban's, 
disfranchised since 1851, is included in the English boroughs. 

Manors and their Distributon. — After his accession, in 1066, the Con- 
queror seized, besides the crown lands, the lands of the Anglo-Saxon, or 
Danish proprietors, who fell in the battle of Hastings, and, in the course of 
his reign, acquired the estates of many rebellious thanes. He distributed a 
large portions of these lands, as the pay of past and future services, among the 
chieftains in his army, who retained large domains for themselves, and distri- 
buted the rest, on similar terms, among the officers and men under their 
command. The estates of the church, and of the chief monasteries also, 
passed into the hands of the Norman clergy. The tenants who held imme- 
diately of the king, including ecclesiastical corporations, amounted to 1,400, 
the under tenants to 7,871, at the time of the great survey (a.d. 1086), which 
exhibits an apparently new division of the country into manors. In the 
Doomsday record, the kingdom is divided into the lands (terms) of the king, 
bishops, and tenants in chief [tenentes terras), and these again into manors, 
under the respective hundreds, which generally included the whole or parts 



INTRODUCTORY REVIEW. 76 

of several manors. The ancient demesne of the crown consisted of 1,432 
manors. Earl Moretaiue, the Conqueror's half-brother, held 973 manors — ■ 
Alan, Earl of Bretagne, 442 — Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, 439 — the Bishop of 
Coutance, 280 — Koger de Busli, 174 — six other tenants, 174, 164, 162, 150, 
116, 100 manors. Thus 4,416 manors were held, 1,422 by the king, and 
2,994 by eleven of his followers. Villa was another term for manor (mane- 
rium) or lordship, and in the Exeter Doomsday mansio is almost constantly 
used for manerium. The manor was what Bede had called the "place'' 
(locus), in the midst of which the churches were erected, or the old temples had 
stood, the village and surrounding neighbourhood, where the people lived for 
the sake of society and of defence, with their headman or thane, dwelling 
in his capacious hall, built of wood by the bondmen from his demesne, 
covered with reeds and straw, or a roof of wooden shingles, through which 
the smoke from the hearth ascended. This hall often became a strong man- 
sion, and the home of the chief tenant a castle, subsequent to the Norman 
conquest. The kingdom was held securely, — there was a military chief and 
a strong post in every parish of the country, surrounded by 60,215 knights, 
in the possession of as many feuds, fees, or portions of territory. 



ECCLESIASTICAL DIVISIONS. 

The division of the country into Dioceses, Archdeaconries, Deaneries, and 
Parishes, took place in very early times. Most of the present bishoprics were 
founded in the Anglo-Saxon period — originally there were three Archbishoprics, 
of Canterbury, York, and Carleon in Wales — these were subsequently reduced 
to the two former, the territory of the latter being annexed to the See of Canter- 
bury. Most of the Dioceses, on their first formation, had their limits co-exten- 
sive with the boundaries of the different kingdoms ; sub-divisions soon,hov/ever, 
were discovered to be requisite; and the council of Hertford, convened by Arch- 
bishop Theodore, decreed that as the faithful grew 4;o be more numerous the 
number of the sees should also be increased. The first sub-division was made 
by this prelate in the diocese of York, and afterwards repeated alterations 
were made from time to time, until at length the whole arrangement settled into 
its existing shape, excepting the addition made by Henry VIII., and by the 
recent acts of parliament. Henry founded seven new^ Bishoprics, viz., — 
Gloucester, Bristol, Peterborough, Oxford, Westminster, Chester and Man. 
The Bishopric of Westminster, however, only lasted till 1550, when it was 
again incorporated with the see of London, and the act of 6 and 7 Wm., IV., 
cap. 77, united into one the sees of Gloucester and Bristol, and created two 
additional — Manchester and Ripon. By this statute, the Ecclessiastical 
Commissioners were authorized to alter the limits of nearly all the rest, by 
effecting a tranference of parishes from one to another, with a view to the 
more convenient distribution of territoiy and population. 

Archdeaconries — were established soon after the conquest. The act of 
6 & 7 Wm., IV., cap. 77, gives power to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners to 
re-arrange the boundaries of the ancient, and to form certain new Archdoa- 



76 iNTEODtJCTOSY BEVIEW. 

conries. The new ones formed in exercise of this authority, are Bristol, 
Maidstone, Monmouth, Westmoreland, Manchester, Lancaster, and Craven. 

Deaneries — were recognised Ecclessiastical divisions of a Diocese in 
Saxon times. They seem to have been designed to correspond with Hundreds 
in the poHtical division of the counti7, as Archdeaconries were possibly 
intended to correspond with Counties. The etymology of the word (Decanus) 
favours this idea, and it is not improbable that all such Deaneries originally 
embraced Districts with ten churches, and no more, their boundaries, once 
settled, have never been disturbed, although increase of population caused an 
increase in the number of religious edifices. 

Parishes. — The ancient primary division of the land, for spiritual purposes, 
was exclusively into ijarishes — but, in the course of time, as population in- 
creased, and additional churches were erected, Qextdaw portions of the particular 
parishes came to be assigned by custom to the newly established places of 
worship, and these at length, under the name of Chapelries, acquired bound- 
aries as definite and generally recognised as those of the parent parish. This 
is especially the case in the more northern counties, where, the parishes being 
of very large extent, while the population has increased ^vith great rapidity, 
the need for such a further subdivision soon became apparent. In more 
modern times many other districts have been originated by the force of 
similar circumstances, without however having obtained by custom or other- 
wise, any legally recognised boundaries. These conventional districts are 
generally created, upon the erection of a new church in any populous parish, 
by private arrangement between the rector or vicar of the mother parish, and 
the incumbent of the new benefice, and are formed solely for the purpose 
or ensuring a more effective spiritual oversight of the entire population. 

Changes in the Ancient Subdivisions of the County. — The counties 
of England have undergone considerable changes. The observance in Wales 
of peculiar laws and customs, combined '^uth the use of another language by 
the people, naturally tended to maintain in a marked manner the distinction, 
which still exists in a less degree, between the inhabitants of the principality, 
and those of England. In the reign of Henry VIII. considerable changes were 
effected in the Welsh counties, as well as in those bordering upon Wales. 
Under the Reform Act, the number of knights of the shire has been increased : 
an additional member has been given to each of seven counties — and each of 
twenty -five other counties has been divided into two parts, each of which is 
entitled to return two members instead of the two previously retmiied for the 
entire county. The following counties have been thus divided for the pur- 
p)0se of returning members to parliament:— 



Cheshire 

Cornwall 

Cumberland 

Derbyshire 

Devonshire 

Durham 

Essex 

Gloucestershire 

Hampshire 



Kent 

Lancashire 

Leicestershire 

Norfolk 

Northamptonshire 

Northumberland 

N ottin gh am shire 

Shropshire 

Somersetshire 



Staffordshire 

Suffolk 

Surrey 

Sussex 

Warwickshire 

Wiltshire 

Worcestershire 



IXTRODUCTOEY REVIEW. 7T 

Yorkshire and Lincolnshire also return additional members — the three Pddings 
having been adopted as tlie subdivisions of the former county, and the parts 
of Lindsey and those of Kesteven and Holland for the latter. 

A bill was introduced into paiiiament and received the Royal assent, 6th 
August, ] 844, under which every detached part of a county in England and 
Wales has become, since the 20th October, lSi4:, for all purposes part of the 
county in which it is situated. Under this Act Northumberland has gained an 
additional area of 64,389 acres, containing 19,035 inhabitants, by the 
annexation of the districts of Islandshire and Norhamshire, and other parts 
of Durham which were locally situated either north of Northumberland or 
in the body of that county. 

Origin of Tithes. — About the year 690, Ina, King of the West Saxons, 
made a code of laws, the fourth section of which is to the following purport, — > 
" The first-fruits of seeds, or church dues, arising from the product of corn, 
&c., are to be paid at the feast of St. Martin, and let him that fails in the 
payment forfeit 40s.," as Lambert reads it — or according to Sir Henry Spel- 
man, 60s. — and besides pay the dues twelve times over. In section 62nd, 
" Church dues are to be paid where the person owing them dwells in the 
midst of winter." These laws appear to be the fii'ston record respecting such 
maintenance for the church, and, on this account, are mentioned here. The 
gifts and oblations which the primitive christians, in their devotedness and 
zeal for religion, made, as acts of piety, were transformed by usage and custom, 
into a right, and are nov/ advanced into the firmer title of ordinance. Hence 
modern lawyers say, that tithes are due of common right, as having existed 
since the first establishment of churches, and made regular from the division 
of parochial limits. 

Queen Anne's Bounty. — Fiest-Fruits and Tenths. — From a very early 
period, every bishop and clergyman has been required to pay the amount of 
his first year's incumbency into a fund, called from thence " First Fruits,'' 
and every succeeding year as long as he is in possession of his living, he has 
been required to pay one-tenth part of his income into a fund, hence called " The 
Tenths y Ln 1 290, a valuation for this purpose was made of all the ecclesiastical 
livings in England, and the book containing that record is preserved in the 
Eemembrancer's office, under the title of " Valor of Pope Nicholas IV." At 
the time of the Reformation there was a law passed, that the first-fruits and 
tenths should be applied to the use of the state, and that any bishop or clergy- 
man neglecting to pay these imposts into the public treasury, should be declared 
an intruder into his living, and should forfeit double the amount — and in order 
'to ascertain the full amount, an accurate and full valuation was made of all the 
ecclesiastical livings in England and Wales. Except during a short period 
in the reign of Philip and Mary, the first-fruits and tenths continued 
to be paid into the public exchequer, till the reign of Queen Anne, who, 
deploring the wretched condition of many of the poor clergy, owing to 
the insufficiency of their livings, determined that the first-fruits and tenths of 
the livings of all the bishops and clergy should be paid into a fund, called 
'• Queen Anne's Bounty," and that the amount should be appropriated to the 



78 INTRODUCTORY REVIEW. 

augmeutation of the livings of the poor clergy. As there was no fresh valua- 
tion instituted in the time of Queen Anne, the first-fruits and tenths continued 
to be paid according to that made by Henry VIII., in 1535, and which was 
registered in what is called the King's Book, Liber Regis, to which we shall 
frequently have to refer in the accounts of church livings, at subsequent pages. 
That this payment might not operate oppressively, the first year's income was 
to be paid by four annual instalments, and all livings of small value were 
entirely exempt, and hence called "discharged livings^ The increase which 
has taken place in the value of church livings since ] 535 is enormous, and 
were the first-fruits and tenths collected on the present valuation, they would 
yield, instead of £15,000, as at present, more than £350,000 — the net income 
of the Established Church of England and Vv^ales now amounting to £3,055,654 
per annum, as appears from the report of the commissioners appointed by liis 
late majesty William IV., made on an average of the three years ending 
December 31st, 1831, and presented to parliament, 1835. The valuation of all 
the benefices, within the limits of this work, and in the Commissioners' 
Report of 1835, will be shown in the histories of the parishes and chapelries 
in the county. 

Old and New Poor Laws. — Judge Blackstone says, the Poor Laws are 
founded on the principles of civil society, and when the lands became property, 
they carried with them the charge of providing for the destitute. The pro- 
prietors of land, under the feudal system, provided for the poor, and when 
Christianity was introduced, each proprietor gave a tenth part of his produce 
to the church, one-fourth of which tithe was appropriated to the support 
of the indigent. This was the state of things when Henry VIIL, suppressed 
the monasteries and confiscated their property, part of which, as has been seen, 
was the real bona fide property of the poor, who deprived of their ancient 
rights, were left in a state of the utmost destitution. By the suppres- 
sion of the religious houses many thousands of artisans and labourers were 
thrown out of employment, and at the same time there was, in other quarters, 
less than the usual demand for labour. For such was the rage for turning 
everything into sheep-walks, tbat, on the one hand, the royal proclamations 
inform us tbat many villages were by this means entirely destroyed, and that 
one shepherd occupied ground that had before employed many families — while 
on the other, Hales, the royal commissioner, makes the same complaint, and 
states that, in consequence of the infraction of those laws, which forbade 
proprietors to keep more than two thousand sheep, and which ordered the 
ocQiipiers of Church lands to keep household upon their estates, and to plough 
as much laud as had been kept in tillage during the pre^dous twenty years, 
the number of tbe king's subjects had been wonderfidly diminished, as was ■ 
proved, he added, from the chronicles, and from the present and former 
books of musters. The result was anything but favourable to the employed 
labourer, and there were great numbers who could not procure work even at 
this disadvantage. In times of scarcity the clergy and monks were the support 
of the poor — now, the former were impoverished, the latter scattered or 
executed. On each monastic estate a portion of land had been gratuitously 



INTBODUCTOEY BEYIEW, 79 

set apart as a common,' for the sole benefit of the poor, but this had vanished in 
the wreck of the monasteries, and even those commons, which had from time 
immemorial been occupied by none but the peasantry, were now frequently 
appropriated by the neighbouring gentry. 

Pining under afflictions which the new proprietors treated with indifference 
or scorn, they crowded along the roads, and begged with the strength of num- 
bers and with the eagerness of famine. They were exasperated, though they 
could not be repressed, because their sufferings were not alleviated, by statutes 
such as the most barbarous states have never issued. Whoever "lived idly 
or loiteringly for the space of three days" was to be branded as a vagabond, 
with the letter V upon his breast, and was to be doomed for two years to be 
the slave of his informer, bread and water was to be his food, an iron collar 
his badge, and "labour at any work however vile," or unlimited infliction 
" by beating, chaining, or other icise,'" his only alternative. Did he escape and 
elude pursuit for a fortnight, his cheek or forehead was to be branded with 
the letter S, as the mark of one that was now a slave for life. Did the 
wretched outcast escape a second time, he was treated as a convicted felon, 
and to add to this, they were not allowed to express their dissent — their fore- 
fathers might at least have petitioned against a new statute or any form of 
grievance, but they were to be mute and expect no mercy. Maddened by their 
sufferings and the severe restrictions imposed upon them, they broke out into 
open revolt, and tore down the enclosures which had been raised around the 
commons. This insurrection was, however, easily suppressed by means of 
foreign mercenaries, and the death of four thousand of the insurgents on the 
field and the gibbet, taught the remainder to bear their sufferings in silence. 
The poor continued in the same distressed circumstances till Queen Elizabeth 
imposed poor rates on all occupiers of land, houses, and other property. The 
New Poor Law was passed in 1834, and in speaking of these laws, an impar- 
tial writer, who has paid much attention to the subject, says, "it had for 
many years been admitted by successive administrations to be an evil of the 
greatest magnitude, which was eating like a canker into the heart of the 
nation, pauperising the labourers of whole counties, reducing them to deep 
degradation, taking away the motive and the reward of industry, and oppress- 
ing that capital which is to employ and remunerate labour. It had become 
the common practice in agricultural parishes, for the farmers to pay their 
workmen only half -wages, and to send them to the overseer for the rest of 
what was necessary for subsistence. The general rate of wages had fallen, 
and the parish eked out the support of the labourer. The farmers kept few 
or no hands regularly at work, but sent to the overseer for hands when they 
wanted them, and turned them adrift when the job was done. The overseer, 
in fact, was the general paymaster of the labourers — the able-bodied as well 
as the feeble and aged — and let them out like gangs of slaves, making as much 
of them as he could, but regarding himself as bound to make up to the work- 
man a certain weekly amount, which was paid to all indiscriminately, whether 
industrious or idle, whether frugal or improvident, whether drunken or sober, 
whether civil or insolent, whether good workmen or bad — with regai'd to uothhig 



80 INTEODTJCTORY EEVIEW. 

but the number of their families. This system cut the very sinews of industry, 
took away its reward, and levelled all distinctions of skill and awkwardness, 
vice and virtue. It made every labourer a paiq^er, and all his family j^aupers. 
He had no encouragement for good conduct, he had no motive for caring to 
continue in the employment of his master, and his master had no interest in 
keeping him. The natural bond of connection between the employer and the 
employed was severed. The labourer, too, had a positive interest in marrying 
early, however imprudently, and in keeping all his children idle at home, be- 
cause his allowance from the parish w^as so much per head, and it w^as so 
calculated, that the labourer was richer and more comfortable as his family 
increased, though none of them worked at all. In like manner, a woman 
having illegitimate children, was actually a gainer by her shame, in con- 
sequence of the parish allowance. The New Poor Law has amended both the 
law and the 2^ractice. It has w'orked wonders in the agricultural districts. It 
has benefitted the employer, but it has benefitted the labourer infinitely more. 
Whole counties have been raised from the condition of pauper bondage, to the 
condition of well-paid workmen. It has diverted two millions of money from 
the degrading channel of parish j^ay into the honourable channel of wages of 
lahour. By that amount has it reduced the poor-rates, and every farthing 
thus saved is, no doubt, laid out in the better payment and more regular 
employment of labour. The benefit is mutual. The increased wages is com- 
pensated for by the reduced poor-rate. Master and man have now resumed 
their natural connection, and with it they have resumed their natural feelings 
of sympathy and interest. The workman, perhaps, has more care than before, 
just as a freeman has more care than a slave, but he has also more dignity, 
more comfort, and more virtue. He now puts his children out as soon as 
they are able or fit for work or service, instead of ruining them by keeping 
them idle at home. The rate of wages is generally raised, and the number of 
paupers is reduced in an astonishing manner. In West Sussex alone, the 
number is reduced from 4,72-9 (before the union) down to 327 — that is, 4,402 
men are converted from slaves into freemen. Improvident marriages are 
much fewer than they were, and illegitimate children are greatly reduced in 
number. Now, what advantages can be compared with these — the inde- 
pendence of men, the chastity of women, the right training of children, the com- 
fort of faynilies, the fair and regular remuneration of industry? They are 
blessings which money cannot value, and figures cannot calculate." 

The average poor-rate for the kingdom in 1748, 1749, and 1750, was 
£730,135— for the year 1776, it was £1,720,316— and the average for the 
years 1783, 1784, and 1785, amounted to £2,167,748— and in 1803, it 
swelled to £5,348,204— and in 1817, to £9,320,440. The time had certainly 
arrived for a full investigation, and an endeavour to ascertain the cause, as 
the only way to order a remedy. A parliamentary commission was accordingly 
appointed, and an investigation made through all the kingdom, when a mass 
of the most appalling evidence was produced. The average annual amount of 
poor-rate paid for three years previous to the New Poor Law, was £5,332,904. 
In the year 1841, the amount was £4,028,287— in 1842, £4,172,018— in 



INTRODUCTOBY EEYIEW. 



ai 



1843, £-1,406,088. If we add to these sums the expenses paid out of the 
general taxes, and the cost of building workhouses, the ratepayer cannot have 
benefitted very much yet by the change. Tlie salary paid to the three com- 
missioners is £2,000 a year each, and the eighteen assistant commissioners 
receive together £12,600 a year, which, with the salaries to their secretaries, 
clerks, &c., &c., amount to £50,173 per annum. Guardians of parishes are 
appointed under these, according to the population, to carry out the measure. 

The poor-rate during the year 1851-52 was £6,552,289, and was assessed 
in the following manner : — On land, including farm-houses, £2,707,527 — on 
houses, including warehouses and factories, £3, 124, 526 — on tithes, £295, 056 — 
coal mines, £61,191 — saleable underwoods, £28,524 — canals, £28,471 — rail- 
ways, £204,871 — other property, £102,032. The whole amount raised by 
local rates in England and AVales during, the same period, was as follows : — 
Poor-rate, £6,552,298 — highway-rate, £1,662,575 — county-rate and county 
police-rate, £820,134— borough-rate, £509,028— land-tax, £1,130,917— total, 
£10,674,962 — to which must be added church-rates, an item which would 
probably not do much more than raise the amount to £11,000,000, but, by 
some strange negligence, the return from which these figures are taken 
omits to include church-rates, though it is stated that the returns relating to 
church-rates were presented to parliament last August. 

The Poor Law Unions into which Northumberland is divided will be 
described in the histories of the Towns or Parishes in which the workhouses 
are situated. 

Population and other Statistics from the most Authentic Sources. — 
The area of England is 50,922 square miles, Scotland 31,324, and Wales 
7,398, the Islands in the British Seas 394, making a total of 90,038 square 
miles. 



The following table shovvS the distribution of the soil of Great Britain 
in statute acres :- — 





Arable 

and 
Gardens. 


Meadows, 

Pastures, 

& Marshes. 


Wastes 
capable of 
Improve- 
ment. 


Incapable 

of Im- 
provement. 


Total 

in Statute 

Acres. 


England ...... 

Wales 

Scotland .... 
British Islands . 


10,252,800 

8yO,570 

2,483,050 

109,630 


15,379,200 

2,220,430 

2,771,050 

274,060 


3,454,000 
530,000 

5,950,000 
160,000 


3,250,400 

1,105,000 

8,523.930 

509,409 


32,342,400 
4,752,000 

19,738,930 
1,119,159 


Totals .... 


13,740,950 


20,650,740 


10,500,000 


13,454,799 


57,952,489 



M 



INTEODUCTOEY EEYIEW. 



The number of farms in the United Kingdom is estimated at 2,000,000, 
and the property derived from agriculture in Great Britain and Ireland, 
£216,817,624. The value of land m England is estimated at £128,000,000. 

The following table exhibits the population of Great Britain and of the 
Islands in the British Seas, including the army, navy, and merchant sea- 
men, abroad as well as at home, at the six undermentioned periods : — 





Great Britain 










and Islands in 


England 




Islands in 


Date of the 


the British 


and 




the British 


Enumeration. 


Seas. 


Wales. 


Scotland. 


Seas. 


March 10th, 1801 


10,917,433 


9,156,171 


1,678,452 


82,810 


May 27th, 1811.. 


12,424,120 


10.454,529 


1,884,044 


85,547 


May 28th, ] 821.. 


14,402,643 


12,172,664 


2,137,325 


92,654 


May 29th, 1831.. 


16,564,138 


14,051,986 


2,405,610 


106,542 


June 7th, 1841.. 


18,813,786 


16,035,198 


2,652,339 


126,249 


March 31st, 1851 


21,121,967 


18,054,170 


2,922,362 


145,435 



lu 185], there were in Great Britain and the Islands in the British Seas 
3,670,192 inhabited houses, 166,735 uninhabited, and 29,194 in process of 
erection, making a total of 3,866,121 houses. 

The number of the male population of Great Britain at the same period 
was 10,386,048 — of the female population, 10,735,919 — the females exceeded 
the males by 349,871, and the males at home were 10,223,558, consequently 
the females exceeded by 5 1 2,36 1 the males in Great Britain. To every 100,000 
females the males were 96,741, including 1,538 males abroad, the exclusion of 
whom leaves 95,203 males at home. In 1851, there were to eveiy 20 males at 
home 21 females. 

The following table gives the Bu'ths, Deaths, and the excess of Births over 
Deaths, in England and Wales, 1841 — 1850. 



PEESONS. 


MALES. 


EEMAT.ES. 


Years. 


Births. 


Deaths. 


Excess. 


Births. 


Deaths. Excess. 

1 


Bkths. 


Deaths. 


Excess. 


1841 


512,158 


343,847 


168,311 


262,714 


174,198' 88,.516 


249,444 


169,649 


79,795 


1842 


517,739 


349,519 


168,220 


265,204 


176,594 88,610 


252,535 


172,925 


79,610 


1843 


527,325 


346,445 


180,880 


270,577 


175,721 94,856 


256,748 


170,724 


86,024 


1844 


540,763 i 356,933 


183,830 


277,436 


181,126 96,310 


263,327 


175,807 


87,520 


1845 


543,521 


349,366 


194,155 


278,418 


177,529 


100,889 


265,103 


171,837 


93,266 


1846 


572,625 


390,315 


182,310 


293,146 


198,325 


94,821 


279,479 


191,990 


87,489 


1847 


539,965 


423,304 


116,661 


275,658 


214,375 


61,283 


1 264,307 


208,929 


55,378 


1848 


563,059 


399,833 


163,226 


288,346 


202,949 


85,397 


274,713 


196,851 


77,862 


1849 


578,159 


440,853 


137,306 


295,158 


221,801 


73,357 


283,001 


219,052 


63,949 


1850 


593,422 


368,986 


224,436 


302,834 


186,459 


116,375 

i 


290,588 


182,527 


108,061 



TNTEODUCTOBY EEVIEW. 



83 



The following table gives the number of inhabited houses and the number of 
families in Great Britain, at each Census, from 1801 to 1851 inclusive, 
also the number of persons to a house, and the number of persons to a 
family : — 





Inhabited 




Persons to a 


Persons to a 


Years. 


Houses. 


Families. 


House. 


Family. 


1801 


1,870,476 


2,260,802 


5-614 


4-645 


1811 


2,101,597 


2,544,215 


5-090 


4-705 


1821 


2,429,630 


2,941,383 


5-800 


4-791 


1831 


2,850,937 


3,414,175 


5-704 


4-763 


1841 


3,446,797 


no returns. 


5-377 


no returns. 


1851 


3,648,347 


4,312,388 


5-706 


4-825 



Note. — This table does not include the Islands in the British Seas. 



It ^Yill be seen by the foregoing table that the number of inhabited houses 
in Great Britain has nearly doubled in the last half century, and that upwards 
of two millions of new families have been founded. The number of persons 
to a house has increased from 6-6 to 5*7, consequently the increase in the 
number of houses has not quite kept pace with the increase in the population. 
The increase in the number of persons to a family, in the same period, has 
been from 6-4 to 6-8. 

A certain portion of the people, for various reasons, are lodged in detached 
large buildings, such as barracks, prisons, workhouses, &c., the subjoined 
table gives the number and class of such public institutions in Great Britain, 
in 1851, and the number of persons inhabiting them : — 



Class of Institution. 


Number. 


Persons inhabiting them. 


Males. 


Females. 


Total. 


Barracks 

Workhouses .... 

Prisons 

Lunatic Asylums.. 

Hospitals 

Asylums, &c 


174 

746 
257 
149 
118 
573 


44,833 
65,786 
24,593 
9,753 
5,893 
27,183 


9,100 

65,790 
6,300 

11,251 
5,754 

19,548 


53,933 
131,582 
30,959 
21,004 
11,647 
46,731 


Total .... 


2,017 


178,041 


117,815 


295,856 



84 



TNTKODUCTOEY REVIEW. 



Of the 295,856 persons in the aggregate, occupying these 2,017 iustitu- 
tious, 260,340 were inmates, and 35,516 officers and servants, consequently 
there were about seven inmates to one officer or servant. The excess of 
males over females in these institutions, about 60,000, is chiefly exhibited in 
the barracks and in the prisons — in the latter, from the fact that crime is four 
times as prevalent among men as among women. The equality of sexes in 
workhouses is remarkable. In the lunatic asylums there is a preponderance 
of females. 

The population sleeping in barns, in tents, and in the open air, is comprised 
chiefly of gipsies, beggars, criminals, &c., together with some honest but 
unfortunate people out of employment, or only temporarily employed. The 
number of these houseless classes, in 1851, was 18,249, in 1841, they 
amounted to 22,203. 

The annexed table gives the number of persons enumerated in barns, tents, 
and barges, and in vessels in ports, either engaged in inland navigation or 
sea-going vessels, on the night of the Census of 1851 : — 



' 


Males. Females. Total. 


Tn T^avCTpq .................. 


10,395 
7,251 
4,614 

7,730 

41,165 


2,529 12,924 
2,721 9,972 
3,663 8,277 

845 ; 8,575 

2,008 i 43,173 




In Open Air in Tents 

In Vessels in the Ports, engaged 

in Inland Navigation 

In Sea-going Vessels in the 

Ports 




Total 


71,155 


11,766 82,921 





Law of Population. — We do not intend to discuss here what has been 
sometimes called the Law of Population, further than briefly to state how the 
increase of population depends on many elements, which vary, and produce 
various results — sometimes identical in the mere numbers which they present 
at the Census, but difi'erent under all other aspects. 

The numbers, and consequently the increase or decrease, of people in a 
civilised country, depend upon the age of marriage and the age of the parents 
when their children are born — the numbers who marr}', and the fertility of the 
marriages — the duration of life — the activity of the migi'ation flowing into or 
out of the country. These acts more or less influence each other, and, in the 
present condition of statistical mformation, the precise efi"ect of such a change . 
in any one of them involving others cannot be determined. It will be suffi-; 
cient to point out the effect of change in each element, while the others re- 
main constant. 



Introductory review. 85 

1. The numbers of the population bear a definite relation to the duration 
of life, or to the mean lifetime. Thus, if the mean lifetime of a population 
be 30 years, then if the births are 100,000 a year, and remain uniform, the 
population will be 30 times 100,000, or 3,000,000. Now, the births remain- 
ing the same, let the lifetime be gradually extended to 40 or 50 years, then 
the population becomes 4,000,000 or 5,000,000. The deaths, upon this hj^po- 
thesis, will be equal to the births, and the same in number when the population 
is five as when it is four or three millions. 

2. The interval from the birth of one generation to the birth of their 
descendants of the generation following, bears also a definite relation to the 
numbers, which increase as the interval is shortened. Thus, if the popula- 
tion increases at the rate of 1"329 annually, and if the intervening time from 
generation to generation is 33^ years, it follows that the increase from gene- 
ration to generation is 55 per cent — or that every 1,000 women are succeeded, 
at the interval of 33-^ years, by 1,553 women — every tivo couples, male and 
female, by three. If the interval is contracted, and the increase from 1,000 
to 1,553 takes place in 30 years, the annual rate of population increases, 
simply on this ground, from 1*329 to 1*477 per cent — and, as we assume by 
hypothesis that the births and the lifetime remain the same, the population 
would be ultimately one-ninth part more numxorous than it was under the 
former conditions. Early marriages have the effect of shortening the interval 
between generations, and tend in this way to increase the population. 

3. An increase in the fertility of marriages wiU evidently cause an increase 
in the population. 

4. In ordinary times, a large proportion of the marriageable women of 
every country are unmarried, and the most direct action on the population is 
produced by their entering the married state. Thus, in Surrey, Kent, Sussex, 
Hants, and Berks, the number of w^omen of the age of 20 and under the age 
of 45 amounted, at the last Census, to 290,209 — of whom 169,806 were wives, 
and 120,403 were spinsters or widows. 49,997 births were registered in the 
same counties during the year 1850, or ten children were born in 1850 to 
every 58 women living in 1851. Of the children, 46,705 were born in wed- 
lock, 3,292 were born out of w^edlock — consequently, 36 wives bore in the 
year ten children, and of 366 unmarried women of the same age (20-45) ten 
also gave birth to children. A change in the matrimonial condition of a 
large proportion of the 120,403 unmarried women, out of 290,209 women at 
the child-bearing age, would have an immediate effect on the numbers of the 
population — and, if continued, by increasing the rate of birth to the living 
through successive generations, would operate on population like an increase 
in the rate of interest on the increase of capital. 

5. The eff'ect of migration on the numbers of the population is evident. 
It is probable, that the immigration of Irish has contributed to the increase 
of the population in England — and it is certain that the emigration from the 
United Kingdom contributes largely to the increase of the popuhition of the 
United States. The emigrants are a self-perpetuatiug bod}' in healthy 
climates, and they increase faster abroad than the general population at home, 
as they contain an excess of the population at the re-productive age — so that, 



S6 



INTEODUCTOEY EEVTEW. 



if their numbers are added together, it is certain that we get, in the aggregate, 
a number much below the number of the survivors. The population of the 
United Kingdom, including the army, navy, and merchant seamen, was 
31,272,187 in 1821, and about 27,724,849 m 1851— but, in the inteiwal, 
2,685,747 persons emigrated, who. if simply added to the population of the 
United Kingdom, make the survivors and descendants of the races within the 
British Isles in 1821, now 30,410,595. The following table exhibits the 
number and destination of the emigrants from the United Kingdom from 
1840 to 1852. 





TO NOETH 


TO TJNiTED 


TO AESTEATTAN 


TO ALL 




YEAES. 


AilEEICAN 
COLONIES. 


STATES 


COLONIES AND 
NEW ZEALAND. 


OTHERPLACES. 


TOTAL. 


1840 


32,293 


40,642 


15,850 


1,958 


90,743 


1841 


38,164 


45,017 


32,625 


2,786 


118,592 


1842 


54,123 


63,852 


8,534 


1,835 


128,344 


1843 


23,518 


28,335 


3,478 


1,881 


57,212 


1844 


22,924 


43,660 


2,229 


1,873 


70,686 


1845 


31,803 


58,538 


830 


2,330 


93.501 


1846 


43,439 


82,239 


2,347 


1,826 


129,851 


1847 


109,680 


142,154 


4,949 


1,487 


258,270 


1848 


31,065 


188,233 


23,904 


4,887 


248,089 


1849 


41,367 


219,450 


32,191 


6,490 


299,498 


1850 


32,961 


223,078 


16,037 


8,773 


280,849 


1851 


42,605 


267,357 


21,532 


4,472 


335,966 


1852 


32,876 


244,261 


87,881 


3,749 


368,764 



It would appear from the foregoing table that the number of emigrants in 
1852 amounted, on an average, to upwards of a tlwusancl a day. 

6. Finally, the numbers of population are increased by an abundance of 
the necessaries of life, and reduced by famines, epidemics, and public calami- 
ties, affecting the food, industry, and life of the nation. The pestilences 
of the middle ages — the famine, the influenza, and the cholera of modern 
times — are examples of one class of these agences — ^the security, and freedom 
which England has latterly enjoyed, are examples of the beneficient effect of 
another class of influences, not only on the happiness of the people, but also 
on the numbers which the country can sustain at home, and can send abroad 
to cultivate, possess, and inherit other lands. 



EXTENT, POPULATION, CLASSIFICATION, AND IM- 
IMPORTANCE OF THE BRITISH COLONIES AND 
MARITIME POSSESSIONS. 

The Colonies and Transmarine possessions of England, of which we intend 
here to give an outline, are so vast in then extent, so varied in their position, 
so diversified in their population, forms of government, products, and capabili- 
ties, that it is difficult to convey in a few words a just idea, of their relative 
importance — if aiTanged according to their positions in the temperate or 
torrid zones, a veiy imperfect estimate would be formed of their capabihties, 



INTRODUCTORY REVIEW," 87 

as tlie degree, of elevation above the level of the sea materially influences the 
products of the soil — moreover, some territories principally situated in the 
temperate zone, may be extended to the tropic, as Australia — some settle- 
ments reach from the torrid to the temperate regions, as Hindoostan, and 
British America stretches to the Arctic Circle. 

The following is a classification of them according to their territorial Impor- 
tance, Commercial Value, and Maritime Position : — 

Possessions Combining Terettoeial Impoetance, Commercial Value, and 
M.^JiiTTME Position. — Bengal, Madras, Bombay, Scinde, the Punjaub, Assam, 
AiTacan, Tavoy, Tennasserim, Wellesley Province, Ceylon, Malacca, New 
South Wales, Port Pbihp, South Australia, Western AustraUa, Van Diemen's 
Land, New Zealand, Cape of Good Hope, Canada (Lower), Nova Scotia, 
New Brunswick, Jamaica, Honduras. Trinadad, and British Guiana. 

Teeeitoeial Iimpoetance. — Canada (Upper), Rupert's Land, Vancouver's 
Island, Hudson's Bay Territories, Prince Edward's Island, Natal, Northern 
Australia, aud other parts of New Holland, the Central Provinces of India, 
and the Punjaub. 

Commeecial Value. — Newfoundland, Cape Breton Island, Barbadoes, 
St. Vincents, Grenada, Tobago, Antigua, Dominica, St, Christophers, Lucia, 
Nevis, Montserrat, the Bahamas, Sierra Leone, the Gambia, Mauritius, 
Ionian Islands, Penang, and Siugapore. 

Maeitime Position. — Gibraltar, Malta, Gozo, Bermuda, Virgin Islands, 
Anguilla, Cape Coast Castle, Accra, Annamboe, the Falkland Islands, 
Seychelles, St. Helena, Ascension, Heligoland, Aden, Hong Kong, Labuan, 
Auckland Islands, and the Andaman, and other Islands in the Eastern Seas. 

This classification, though perhaps the least objectionable, is still imperfect, 
for it is evident that several of the West India Islands, and other settlements, 
are of political as well as commercial value, by affording secure havens for our 
shipping — thus, mere fortresses such as Gibraltar, are useful commercial 
depots, as well as political posidons, and, with few exceptions, are all of some 
territorial importance from their rich and productive soil. 

The following is the geographical position of our maritime possessions and 
dependencies. 

In Eueope. — Gibraltar, Malta, Gozo, Corfu, Cephalonia, Zante, Santa 
Maura, Ithaca, and Cerigo, in the Mediterranean, — and Heligoland in the 
German Ocean. Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, and Sark, have been held as 
fiefs of the crown since the reign of William the Conqueror. The area of 
these territories and dependencies is about fifteen hundred square miles — 
population nearly half a million. 

In Asia. — Bengal, Madras, Bombay, Scinde, the N.W. provinces of Hin- 
doostan, the Punjaub, Assam, Arraean, Tavoy, Tennasserim, Wellesley 
Province, and Malacca ; the Islands of Ceylon, Penang, Singapore, Labuan, 
Hong Kong. Area (in round numbers) seven hundred thousand square miles. 
Population about one hundred and twelve millions. In addition to this terri- 
tory actually belonging to the British crown in Asia, there are tributary states 
extending over half a million of square miles, and containing more than fifty 
millions of people. 



88 ' lI?T3iODUCTOEY REVIEW. 

In Africa. — The Cape of Good Hope, and Natal, the Mauritius and 
Seychelles Islands, Aden in Arabia, Sierra Leone, the Gambia, Cape Coast 
Castle, Accra, and Annamboe, the Islands of St. Helena, and Ascension, — 
area, four hundred thousand square miles — population eight hundred 
thousand. 

In Noeth America. — The Canadas (Upper and Lower), Nova Scotia, New 
Brunswick, and Cape Breton, and the Islands of Prince Edward, Newfound- 
land, Vancouver, and Queen Charlotte ; with an area of more than half 
a million square miles, and two millions of inhabitants. We have also on the 
continent of North America, the territories belonging to, and under, the con- 
trol of the Hudson Bay Company, extending from the northern frontiers of 
Canada to the Arctic Ocean, and from- the iVtlantic to the Pacific, which 
comprises upwards of three million square miles, and a popualtion of about 
one hundred and twenty thousand. 

In South America. — Demerara, Essequibo, and Berbice, Honduras and 
the Falkland Islands. Area about two hundred thousand square miles, — 
population one hundred and fifty thousand. 

In Australasia. — The great Island of New Holland, which contains the 
settlements of New South Wales, Port Philip, South Australia, Western 
Australia, Northern Australia, Van Diemen's Land, New Zealand, Norfolk 
Island, and the Auckland Islands. Area more than three millions of square 
miles — population rather more than half a million, of whom about 830,000 
are Europeans and their descendants. 

In the West Indies. — The islands of Jamaica, the Caymans, Trinidad, 
Tobago, Barbadoes, St. Vincents, Grenada, Antigua, St. Lucia, Dominica, St. 
Christophers, Ne^ds, Montserrat, Anguilla, Tortola, and the Virgin Islands, 
Providence, the Bahamas, and the Bermudas. Area about twenty thousand 
square miles — population nearly one million. Total area, eight millions of 
square miles — population, about one hundred and twenty millions. 

The numerous, intelligent, and industrious population inhabiting the British 
trans-marine territories are as varied in their appearance, character, language, 
and religion, as the diversified regions in which they dwell. British India 
possesses a greater variety of races than the continent of Europe. Some of 
the subjects of the crown in the East are bold and warlike, others timid and 
peaceful — some of olive hue, with Roman noses and flowing hair, others have 
the Negro characteristics — some use a polished language, others a barbarous 
jargon — some are Monotheists, others sunk in the grossest idolatry — some 
generous and confiding, others treacherous and distrustful. Even in the 
island of Ceylon there are three races — the coast Cingalese, the Kandians, 
and the aborigines or Vedhas. In some of our Eastern possessions, Malays 
predominate — in others, as at Singapore and Hong Kong, Chinese constitute 
the mass of the popidation. A fine race, termed the Parsees or Guebers, have 
settled in Bombay from Persia, and many Armenians reside in Calcutta, while 
Jews dwell in several of our Indian settlements. In the West Indies there 
are nearly a million Negroes of African descent, and in Guiana and Honduras 
several aboriginal tribes still remain. There are also in our western colonies 
many Mulattoes, the offspring of the white and dark-coloured races. The 



INTRODUCTORY REVIEW. 80 

jMirely wliite race are few in number, and are descended from the English, 
French, Spanish, Dutch, and Portuguese in the West Indies. In British 
North America there are about two miUions of white inhabitants, of whom 
six hundred thousand are of French descent, and the remainder of Enghsh, 
Scotch, and Irish. There are also about one hundred thousand Indians in 
the territories confided to the management of the Hudson's Bay Company. 
.In South Africa, the British subjects are Dutch, English, Hottentots, Caffres, 
&c. At the Isle of France and Seychelles, principally French — at Aden, 
Arabs — on the west coast of Africa, Negroes. In Australasia, there are about 
three hundred and twenty-five thousand of the Anglo-Saxon and Celtic races, 
there are probably one hundred thousand New Zealanders, a fine race — and 
scattered savage hordes, in Australia. At Gibraltar, there is a medley of 
many Mediterranean and African races. At Malta, a peculiar population, 
partaking of the characteristics of the various nations under whose dominion 
the island has passed. In the Ionian Islands, the inhabitants are principally 
Greek, with some Venetian blood — in Heligoland, German — and in the Nor- 
man or Channel Islands, French. 

The languages spoken throughout the British empire are English, French, 
Italian, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, Greek, Persian, Arabic, Maltese, Chi- 
nese, Armenian, Hindoostanee, Bengallee, Mahratti, Tamul, Teloogoo, Carna- 
tica, Ooria, Cingalese, Malay, Burmese or Assamese, Hottentot, Caffre, Negro, 
New Zealand, and various unwritten tongues. There are about 5,000,000 
Christians in our foreign possessions, including the Latin, Greek, Syriac, and 
Lutheran churches. There are about 50,000,000 Hindoos, professing the 
religion of Brahma, about 20,000,000 Mahommedans, about 10,000,000 
Buddhists, a small number of the Zoroaster creed, and the remainder are 
idolaters of various descriptions. 

Climate, food, and drink, as well as religion, laws, and language, produce 
differences in thought, feeling and action. The Indo-British subject, living 
on the verge of the Himalaya mountains, is a totally different being from his 
fellow-citizen dwelling in the flat regions of Bengal. The Mussulman of 
Calcutta, who eats animal food, possesses far more energy and intelligence 
than the Hindoo dwelling in the same city, who lives on rice and water. The 
ponderous brandy drinking-boor of South Africa, is a totally different man 
from the vivacious French Canadian, on the banks of the St. Laurence. A 
wide difference is invariably found to exist between the denizens of a low, hot, 
and damp region, and those of an elevated, cool, and dry atmosphere — varieties 
of food and drink produce equally distinctive effects. Estimating the whole 
population of the British Empire at 130,000,000, not more than"2G,000,000 
consume flesh abundantly, about 10,000,000 eat of it sparingly, 24,000,000 
occassionally partake of it, and 70,000,000 live principally on vegetables and 
fish. Wheat, oats, and barley, constitute the principal graminivorus food of 
34,000,000, potatoes, pulse, and other vegetables of about 10,000,000, and rice, 
maize, millet, and several minor grains, of about 80,000,000 people. With 
regard to fermented or distilled drink, about 10,000,000 use wine frequently, 
95,000,000 malt liqours, 35,000,000 distilled Uquors, and, about 60,000,000 

F 2 



90 .TNTilODtTCTOEY EETIEW. 

confine themselves chiefly to aqueous beverages. About one-half the popula- 
tion of the British Empire reside within the temperate, and the other half 
within the torrid zone. 

These facts show that the British is far from being a homogeneous empire, 
they indicate the great care required even in the application of ordinaiy rules, 
much more in the adaptation of abstract principles to vast and varied masses 
of men under different desrrees of civilisation. 

o 

The existing colonies and possessions of England have been settled or' 
acquired chronologically, as follows : — Barbadoes (our oldest colony) in 1605 — 
Bermuda, 1609 — Surat Factoiy, 1611 — Nova Scotia, 1621 — Newfoundland, 
1623 — Nevis, 1628 — Bahamas, 1629— the Gambia and Gold Coast Forts, 
1618 to 1631 — Antigua, Montserrat, and St. Christopher's, 1632 — Fort St. 
George, or Madras, 1654 — St. Helena, 1654-5 — Jamaica, 1655 — -Fort William, 
or Calcutta,, 1656 — Bombay Island, 1661 — the Virgin Islands, 1666 — Hon- 
duras, ]670 — Hudson's Bay territories, 1670 — Gibraltar, 1704 — Canada, 
1759 — St Vincent's, Grenada, Tobago, and Dominica, 1763 — Bengal Pro- 
■sinces, 1768 — Prince Edward Island, 1771 — Benares Province, 1775 — 
Guntoorand the Circars in Southern India, 1778 — New Brunswick, 1784 — 
Penang, 1786 — Sierra Leone, 1787 — New South Wales, Australia, 1787 — 
Andaman Islands, 1793 — Ceylon, 1795 — Trinidad, 1797 — the Provinces of 
Tanjore, Cauara, Malabar, Wynaad, and Coimbatoor, in Southern, and of Alla- 
habad, Moradabad, Bareilly, Ptohilcmid, and the Doab, in Northern India, 
1799-1800— Malta and Gozo, 1800— Perim Island, ] 800— Van Dieman's 
Island, J 803— British Guiaua, 1803— St. Lucia, ] 803— Delhi, Agra, Meerut, 
Hurriana, and Etawah, in Northern, and Cuttack, Balasore, and Juggernaut, 
in Southern India, and several Mahratta districts in 1803-5 — Cape of Good 
Hope, 1806 — Mauritius and Seychelles, 1810 — Ionian Islands, 1810-11 — 
the Dec can and Nerbudda Provinces, 1818-19 — Singapore, 1819 — Arracan 
and the Teuasserim Provinces, 1824 — Malacca, 1826 — AVestern Australia, 
1829— Aden, 1838— South Austraha, 1834-5— Port Philip, ] 835— New-Zea- 
land, 1839— Falkland Islands, 1841— Hong Kong, 1842-43— Sciude Pro- 
vince, 1844 — Natal, 1844 — Labuau, 1847 — Vancouver's Island, 1848— and 
the Punjaub Province, in 1849. 

But a small portion of our possessions have been, in the strict sense of the 
word, colonised from England. Barbadoes, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, New 
Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Upper Canada, Bermudas, Antigua, Mont- 
serrat, Nevis, Virgin Islands, Australasia, and New Zealand, were planted by 
settlers from Great Britain — most of our other possessions have been acquired 
by conquest and cession. Ceylon, the Cape of Good Hope, and Demerara, were 
taken from the Dutch — Jamaica, Gibraltar, and Trinidad, from the Spaniards — 
Canada, St. Vincents, Grenada, Tobago, Dominica, St. Lucia, Mauritius, j\Ialta, 
and the Ionian Islands, were captured from the French — Aden from the Arabs, 
Hong Kong from the Chinese, and the Punjaub from the Sikhs. 

Our colonies offer a noble field for industry. They could sustain with ease 
an addition of one hundred millions to then' present population. In the 
Canadas there are not six individuals to each square mile of area, in Australasia 



INTRODUCTORY REVIEW. 01 

not three, in Soutliem Africa not two. From seven to elglit millions 
sterling are now annually expended in the United Kingdom in the support of 
two millions of paupers — if a portion of that sum were appropriated towards 
the conveyance of a part of the able-hodied ^5oor to the less populated parts of 
the empire, a grievous burden, w^hich is now weighing down the energies of 
the country, would be converted into a source of wealth and strength to the 
nation — unprofitable consumers would become producers of food and other 
exchangeable articles, demanding in return our manufactures, and the waste 
lands of the crown would become sources of national and individual prosperity. 
Considerably more than two hundred millions sterling have been levied by 
law, and expended for the relief of the poor in England and Wales, since the 
year 1815, The sum which it costs to maintain a pauper in England would 
convey him to another part of the empire, where he might, in the same space 
of time, be a useful consumer instead of a waster of capital. 

Every tree felled, every acre cultivated in our colonies, furnishes additional 
employment for the looms, shipping, and commerce of England, and our rich 
possessions in tbe East and West Indies are capable of furnishing an inex- 
haustible supply of tropical and other products, so much in demand through- 
out Europe and America. By judiciously directing the stream of emigration 
where it may fertilise our own waste lands, we not only provide for the imme- 
diate exigencies of a superabundant population, but we preserve to ourselves 
the main element of national strength, and thus render it conducive to the 
permanent welfare of the empire. China, Japan, Corea, Cochin China, and 
Siam — containing nearly one-half the population of the globe — are scarcely yet 
known to us, and our possessions in the Pacific and Indian Oceans may be the 
means of opening the door for extensive intercourse with these vast regions. 

Again, the colonies afford a vast sphere of action for enterprising or restless 
spirits, who, with good education but limited means, are desirous of improving 
their condition. How many young men, of good family and of industrious 
habits, have found honourable and lucrative employment in the East and West 
Indies, North America, Australia, &c. The East Indian and Colonial Civil 
Services contain many able and distinguished servants of the crown, whose 
minds, expanded by their position, fit them for the government of an empire, 
and the Anglo-Indian army of two hundred thousand men is commanded by 
mihtary officers whose science, skill, and prowess is unsurpassed by that of 
any other army in the world. There are few counties in the United Kingdom 
in whose soil wealth acquired in the colonies has not been invested. British 
India alone, in payment of military, civil, and other charges, pensions, S:q., 
has remitted to England in bullion and produce at least three millions sterling 
annually for the last fifty j^ears, making the enormous sum of £150,000,000. Sir 
Charles Forbes, whose name is revered at home, and almost worshipped in India, 
declared in parliament, that " the wealth which England has obtained from the 
natives of India would, at compound interest, pay oft' the National Debt !" 

By means of her colonies, England is enabled to assume a high national 
position, and, in the event of a general European war arising, she is inde- 
pendent of every foreign country for the supply of the necessaries or luxuries 
of life, or for the raw materials required for her manufactures. In estimating 



92 INTRODUCTORY REVIEW. 

tlie political value of our colonies, it must not be forgotten tliat their posses- 
sion gives an enlarged tone even to the minds of those who have never quitted 
the shores of Britain. Mere islanders, whose views and thoughts are limited 
to the narrow territory in which they dwell, acquire contracted ideas, unsuited 
to the policy of a great nation, but England exists in each quarter of the 
globe, her people become familiarised with the distant regions of the earth, 
and a national spirit is fostered, eminently conducive to the creation and 
preservation of a vast empire. — R. Montgomery Martins British Colonies. 

TURNPIKES, RAILWAYS, &c. 

At an early period, contrivances to facilitate and accelerate the intercourse 
between the various districts of a nation, forced themselves intuitively on 
the human mind, and in proportion as civilisation and commerce advanced, 
artificial canals and pubHc roads were constructed. To the facilities thus 
effected, are the commercial nations of Europe indebted for much of their 
superiority of power and opulence over other parts of the world. The first law 
for making turnpike roads in England, was enacted in 1662, and the first toll- 
gate was erected in 1679, on the London and Harwich road. 

The roads in every part of the kingdom have been greatly improved within 
the last thirty years, and the conveyance and speed of stage coaches have 
been also greatly improved since the close of the eighteenth century, but all 
are novv^ superseded by Railroads. To extend and expedite the stream of 
communication, is to accelerate the current of commerce, to give an impulse to 
the flood of prosperity, and a fructifying and beneficial circulation to a floating 
capital. Railways call into action a vast quantity of manual labour and 
unappropriated wealth, and by finding employment for the surplus population, 
greatly increase the prosperity of the nation. They have a beneficial effect 
on manufactures, mines, and agriculture. The fictitious value of land sur- 
rounding large towns will be greatly moderated, and a portion of their 
advantages transferred to more remote districts. The railroads have a certain 
influence in bringing into cultivation the waste lands through which they pass, 
and of rendering available the immense stores of coal, iron, stone, and other 
minerals, locked up in the bowels of the earth. The comfort and expedition 
afforded by them to passengers, cause thousands, who would otherwise seldom 
leave their own localities, to take frequent journeys on business and pleasure. 
The great chain of railways, and the numerous branches with which the king- 
dom is novr nearly traversed, will realise all the advantages of centralisation, 
and thus prevent the necessity of crowding together large masses of people 
within small places, and they have given to the entire countiy a share 
of those opportunities of improvement, previously mxonopolised by large towns 
and their vicinities. Within the last forty years, the giant power of steam 
may be said, to have revolutionised the world. In the language of J3ouglas 
Jerrold, we have in the rail a nevf distributive instrument of the produce of 
labour, a new vehicle of personal communication, as rapid as it is certain, 
the discovery of wdiich is peculiar to this century. Engineers have realised 



INTEODUCTOEY EEV.TEW. 



93 



the poet's dream, the locomotive and the electric telegraph surpass the marvels 
of Ai'abiau fiction, making matter and the elements subservient to man's will. 

The progress of railways was, at first, very slow. In every twelve months 
from 1801 to 1821, only one railway on an average, was formed. From 1825 
to 1835, acts of parliament were obtained for 54 new lines, and in 1836, no 
less than 29 new projects were sanctioned, and in 1837, fifteen were added to 
the list. In ] 840, the railway legislation consisted in amendments to lines 
already in existence, though about 500 additional miles of railways were how- 
ever, brought into operation. The year 1841, was equally inactive, no 
passenger line of any note being sanctioned, but, in 1842 there appeared 
signs of renovated vigour in the railway world, three bills having been obtained 
for new lines. In J 844, the number of raihvays sanctioned, was 26; the 
total length of which being 797|- miles, with a share capital of £11,121,000 
and a power to borrow £3,072,994. In this year, the length of railways was 
increased to 1,900 miles, and the number of passengers exceeded 30,000,000. 
" Nearly sixty millions of capital," says the Edinburgh Heview, " had been 
expended in little more than ten years, on these enterprises, — but all the 
principal lines paid large profits. Dividends of ten per cent., were declared, 
and shares rose to cent, per cent, premium. The demand for railway shares 
was enormous, and a supply of corresponding magnitude soon met it. In 
1845, 300 miles of new railway were opened for traffic, and acts were passed 
by the legislature, sanctioning projects in which the construction of a further 
extent of 1800 miles of railway was undertaken." 

The Gross Traffic Receipts of Railways in the United Kingdom for the 
year 1853, amounted to £17,900,000 on 6944 miles of railway, showing an 
increase over the preceding year of £2,040,220. 

The following table exhibits interesting details to the latest date, of the 
weekly traffic, receipts per mile, cost per mile, and the capital expended, 
on the various railways in the United Kingdom from 1842 to 1853, 
inclusive — 







Average traffic 


Average cost 


Capital ex- 




Traffic 


receipts per 


of railways 


pended on 


Years. 


receipts. 


mile per week. 


per mile. 


railways. 


1842 


£4,341,781 


£3,113 


£34,690 


£52,380,100 


1843 


4,842,050 


3,083 


36,360 


67,635,000 


1844 


1,610,080 


3,278 


35,670 


63,489,100 


1845 


6,669,230 


3,469 


35,070 


71,647,000 


1846 


7,689,870 


3,305 


31,860 


83,165,100 


]847 


8,975,071 


2,870 


31,709 


109,528,000 


1848 


10,085,206 


2,556 


34,234 


148,200,300 


1849 


11,065,824 


2,302 


35,214 


181,000,000 


1850 


12,809,085 


2,:>27 


35,229 


219,762,730 


1851 


14,997,459 


2,283 


35,058 


229,175,235 


1852 


15,710,554 


2,238 


34,630 


230,467,453 


1853 


17,900,000 


2,471 


35,101 


252,802,320 



94, INTEODUCTORY EEYIEW. ^ 

The returns for 1853 include the weekly traffic published for that year, 
amounting to £16,845,531, and an estimated amount of £1,100,000 for 28 
lines of raihvay ^Yhose traffic returns are not published weekly. 

The aggregate mileage of railways in the United Kingdom is, according to 
Hackett's valuable tables, 7,774 miles, which gives the average receipts per 
mile at £2,305, the cost of construction of 7,774 miles amounts to 
£263,636,320, equal to an average cost of £33,912 per mile. 

To January, 1853, the mileage open for traffic has increased nearly five per 
cent., the passengers four per cent, only, the income derived has decreased 
four per cent, having regard to mileage — the receipts from goods and 
passengers are about equal on the total length. Mileage travelled, 1852, 
first class, 12 per cent. — second class, 36 per cent. — thii'd class, 52 per cent, 
of 753,745,539 passengers. 

The railway " rolling stock" of the United Kingdom, at the commencement 
of 1853, consisted of 3,942, locomotives, 2,413 first-class carriages, capable 
of holding 49,226 passengers — 3,413 second class, possessing accommodation 
for 124,703 persons — 2,954 third class, capable of containing 121,807 
persons — 1,114 composites, which would accommodate 35,239 persons — and 
1,470 other carriages, capable of holding 385,206 persons. 

In the year ending 5th January, 1853, the payments to the revenue by 
railways amounted to £280,144 for passenger-tax. 



EAKLY MANUFACTUEES. 

The woollen manufacture was first introduced into Britain by the Eomans, 
who, as Camden informs us, had their imperial weaving houses in the City 
of Worcester, where they made both woollen and linen cloth for the emperor 
and his army. The Flemings were the first to distinguish themselves in 
the art of weaving, and Flanders and the Netherlands began to obtain some 
degree of celebrity in the manufacture of woollen goods about the beginning 
of the tenth century, previous to which time there were scarcely any 
mercantile men in Europe, except a few in the wealthy repubhcs of Italy, 
and these traded with the Indian caravan of the Levant. Baldwin III., 
Earl of Flanders, perceiving the great advantages likely to result to his 
subjects from this manufacture, encouraged it by establishing weekly markets 
and annual fairs. Lord Chief Justice Hale says, that the woollen manufacture 
flourished in England in the reigns of Henry II., and of PdchardL, and that 
these monarchs enacted laws requiring woollen cloths to be made of uniform 
breadths. There was also a charter by Henry II. to the citizens of London, 
which required " that if any cloth were to be found made of Spanish wool, 
mixed with English wool, the mayor should see it burnt." Ancient guilds were 
erected in many of the principal cities and towns in England, and a tax of a 
mark was laid on every sack of wool exported, but notwithstanding these prohib- 
itory measures, the greater portion of the wool produced in England con- 
tinued to be exported to the Netherlands, and was such a source of wealth, as 
to occasion the Duke of Burgundy to estabhsh the Order of the Golden Fleece. 



INTRODUCTORY REVIEW. 9 a 

Edward ITT. with the view of encouraging the establishment in his kingdom 
of an extensive woollen manufacture, which, in consequence of the trouble- 
some wars of the reigns of King John, Henry III., and the two first Edwards, 
had declined, raised the export duty to forty shillings per sack on wool, and 
forty shillings on every three hundred wool fells. He next encouraged vv^eavers, 
dyers, and cloth makers, from Flanders and the Netherlands, and from any 
foreign parts, to come over to England, and that fit places should be assigned 
to them with divers privileges. Seventy families accepted the invitation in 
the year 1337, and numbers followed soon after. About 1352, an additional 
impulse was given to this manufacture by the arrival in England of numerous 
Flemish artizans, who, from the encouragement still held out to them by 
the politic Edward, accompanied Lord de la Warre on his return from the 
wars in Flanders. Fuller in his Church History says of this period that 
many of the manufacturers of the Netherlands, bemoaning their own slavish 
condition and their indifferent wages, determined to bring over their mystery 
to England. " At home their fare was coarse and their accommodation 
wretched, but here they expected to feed on fat beef and mutton, till nothing 
but their fulness should stint their stomachs. — that they should enjoy a pro- 
portionable share of profit to themselves, and that their beds should be good 
and their bed-fellows better, seeing the richest yeomen in England would not 
disdain to marry their daughters to them." These glowing expectations were 
in a great manner realised, and under the fostering hand of Edward, the 
workers in woollen, were encouraged and spread over the country. In the 
north of England they choose the counties of York, Westmoreland, and 
Lancaster. Their fabrics were known by the names " Halifax cloth," " Kendal 
cloth," and " Manchester cottons," but the cottons of this period were made 
from the fleece of the sheep, and three centuries had to elapse before the 
vegetable fibre, cotton, which has wrought such commercial revolutions, was 
used as the raw material for the draperies of Lancashire. The Kendal cloths 
are mentioned in 1390 as not being subject to the statute of assize of lengths 
and breadths. Kendal seems to have given name to the buckram or green 
druggets in which the poor of London were clothed in the days of Shakspere, 
who, makes the humorous Falstaff say, " But as the devil would have it, three 
misbegotten knaves, in Kendal green, came at my back and let drive at me.'* 
The celebrated de Watt in his description of the state of England prior to the 
reign of Edward III., says, " Before the tumults had removed the weaving 
trade to England, the Netherlands could deal well enough with that kingdom, 
the English being only shepherds and wool merchants, and then* king re- 
ceived few other imposts but from wool exported." ^ 

At the close of the sixteenth century, Wheeler says, " the Company of 
Merchant Adventurers in England annuallj^ exported 00,000 white cloths, 
besides coloured ones of all sorts, short and long kerseys, bays, cottons, 
northern-dozens and divers other kinds of coarse woollens — the white cloths 
alone being worth £60,000." In 1699, an act was passed prohibiting the 
exportation of woollen manufactures from Ireland, except to a few paits of 
England and Wales, where the duties imposed amounted to a total prohibition, 



96 II^TRODUCTOEY REVIEW. 

and several addresses were presented to the king and parliament, " beseeching 
his majesty to take effectual measures to prevent the growth of the woollen 
manufactures in Ireland." 

Eea of Invention. — The Cotton Epoch. — We come now to the period 
of the " cotton revolution," which, as Mr. Baines truly observes, "presents a 
spectacle unparalleled in the annals of industry, whether we regard the 
suddenness of its growth, the magnitude which it has attained, or the 
W'Onderful inventions to which its progress is to be ascribed. Within the 
memory of many now living, those machines have been brought into use, 
which have made as great a revolution as the art of printing effected in 
literature. Within the same period, the cotton manufacture of this country 
has obtained a greater extent than the manufactures of woollen and linen 
combined, though these have existed for centuries." From the commence- 
ment to the middle of the eighteenth century, an unprecedented activity in 
the domestic manufacture of both sheep and cotton wool presented itself. 
The age of mechanical improvemement now dawned upon the country, and 
the spirit of invention was quickened by an intelligent perception of prospec- 
tive advantages, but the great obstacle in the way of advancement w^as the 
want of a requisite supply of yarns to meet the increasing demand for manufac- 
tured goods. To overcome this difficulty many clever and ingenious men 
directed their attention to the construction of machinery, mtended to increase 
manufactured productions by mechanical skill. Wj-att, of Birmingham, in 1730, 
was the inventor of the method of elongating cotton by rollers in the operation of 
spinning, but never had the means of bringing his invention into public notice 
and estimation. In 1738, John Kay, of Bury, gave to the weaver's shuttle 
a mechanical impulse, which superseded the necessity of throwing it by 
hand — and 1760 his son, Robert Kay, invented the drop box, by means of 
w^hich a weaver may use several coloured threads at one time in his shuttle. 
In 1767, Hagreaves completed a very important invention, wliich he called a 
Jenny, after the name of his daughter. This machine w^as admii^ably adapted 
to the spinning of weft yarn, requisite for the short warps spun by the water 
frame, invented by Thomas Highs. Highs was deprived of the benefit of 
his invention by Richard, afterwards Sir Richard Arkright, whose name will 
ever be associated with the annals of Lancashire, and who, from an humble 
barber, became the most distinguished of all the early manufacturers by the 
aid of machinery. Arkright was a resident of Bolton, where profiting by the 
ingenuity of Highs and Plargreaves, he laid the foundation of his futm-e cele- 
brity and princely fortune. Having developed the principle of Wyatt's in- 
vention, he constructed a machine called the w^ater frame for spinning with 
rollers, and applied it most satisfactorily to the production of w^ater twist, 
which was used for warps, instead of linen yarn. In 1769 Arkright took 
out his first patent for spinning with rollers, and in the same year, 
Watt, the great improver of the steam engine and the " master magi- 
cian of the age," — took out his patent, and " called forth in perfect control 
the giant force of steam, which, in defiant and unbounded strength, had 
baffled the skill of those who had hitherto endeavoured to subdue it without 



TKTRODUCTOEY EEVIEW. 9T 

effect." Proceeding' still in the career of invention and improvement, the 
talented and ingenious Crompton, of Bolton, produced in 1787 the now well- 
known spinning machine called the Mule, the distinguishing peculiarity of 
which is, that he united the rollers of the water frame with the advancing and 
receding carriage of the Jenny, whereby he effected the attenuation and spin- 
ning of cotton to a degree of fineness that neither of the two machines could 
approach, and, by his invention and application, the production of fine cotton, 
yarn, suitable for the manufacture of the finest muslin and lace, was secured. 
]Mr. Crompton was rewarded for his invention by two private subscriptions to 
the amount of about £500, and afterwards, when the merits of his machhie 
were fully established, by a grant of £5,000 from government. When the 
spinning mule was invented by Mr. Crompton, only 20 spindles w^ere intro- 
duced into it, which required all the skill and talent of its inventor to manage, 
but, with the mechanical improvement and final perfection of it, the number 
of spindles appropriated to the care of one man, with a few children to assist 
liim, extended to 200, and even to 2,000, and in some instances, when pecu- 
liar yarns are required, to nearly 4,000 spindles. The spirit of improvement 
was next directed to the weaving department, and did not rest till that opera- 
tion, too, was performed by machinery. In 1785, a power-loom, which may 
be considered the parent of that now in use, was shadowed forth by Dr. Cart- 
wright, of Doncaster, and others were subsequently invented ; but that now 
in use, and which is constructed chiefly of iron, was invented by Mr. Hor- 
rocks, of Stockport, in 1833. It is a compact and simple machine, moving 
with great rapidity, and occupying so small a space that several hundreds may 
be worked in a single room of a large factory. These looms came so slowly 
into favour, that in 1813 there were no more than 2,400 of them in use ; 
but, in 1820, the number of power-looms in England and Scotland had in- 
creased to 14,150, in 1830 to 60,000, in 1836 to about 100,000, and at pre- 
sent probably to more than double that number. 

There probably never existed a period more fertile in useful inventions than 
the latter half of the last century. It was " one of the most brilliant eras in 
the annals of British genius — when Black and Priestley were making their 
discoveries in science — when Hargreaves, Arkwright, Watt, and Crompton 
revolutionised the processes of manufactures — when Smeaton and Brindley 
executed prodigies of engineering art — when the senate was illumined by 
Burke and Fox, Chatham and Mansfield — when Johnson and Goldsmith, 
Head and Beattie, Hume, Gibbon, and Adam Smith adorned the walks of 
philosophy and letters" — and when machinery for aiding the progress of in- 
dustry were called into matured existence, with a rapidity and precision aiot 
less astonishing than beneficial. These splendid inventions, chiefly conceived 
and perfected in Lancashire, together with more recent discoveries in chemical 
and mechanical sciences, have, during the last sixty or seventy years, asto- 
nishingly facilitated the growth of the cotton manufacture in all its varied 
arrangements, and opened a new field to enterprise and industry. 

The following statistics connected with the cotton trade, and compiled from 
various sources, may be found to possess some interest. For the first live 

G 



98 INTBODUCTOEY EEVIEW, 

years of the 18th century, the average consumption of cotton wool was little 
more than l,000,000fbs per annum, and the workpeople of all ages and classes 
employed in the manufacture of that article numbered about 25,000. The 
official value of the manufactured goods exported annually during the same 
period did not exceed £20,000. In 1751, the importations had increased to 
2,976,6 lOfbs, and the value of the exports to £45,000. In 1764, the amount 
of cotton imported into Great Britain was 3,870,392tt)S, and the value of 
cotton goods exported only £200,354 sterling. In 1760, cotton goods, which 
until then had been made only for home consumption, found a market on the 
continents of Europe and America, and, in 1774, fabrics made entirely of 
cotton were declared by act of parliament to be "a lawful and laudable manu- 
facture." In 1781, about two years before the introduction of Arkwright's 
machinery for carding and spinning cotton by steam power, the quantity im- 
ported was 5,198,778fbs. In the year 1800, the consumption had increased 
to 5fi,000,0001bs, and the workers in every department of the trade to upwards 
of 125,000 persons of both sexes. In 1810, the cotton imports amounted to 
132,488,935ft)S,inl832 to283,000,000ft>s,in 1845 to 650,000th3, anddming 
the year 1851 the consumption of cotton wool in the United Kingdom was 
close on 800,000,0001bs, or nearly 800 times the quantity consumed by the 
domestic trade of a century and a half previously. The number of hands 
actually employed in all departments of this manufacture, is now upwards of 
1,125,000, but, including their families, there are not fewer than 3,500,000 
souls, or nearly one-eighth of the population of the United Kingdom, de- 
pendent upon the cotton trade alone for subsistence. The total number of 
bags of cotton imported into Great Britain in 1851 was 1,906,000, of which 
1,748,900 were imported into Liverpool, 65,800 into London, 21,800 into 
Bristol and Hull, and 67,000 into the Clyde. The consumption of the manu- 
factm'ers in the same year was the largest ever known, amounting to 32,000 
bags per week, or 1,664,000 bags in the year, being an increase over 1850 of 
2,863 bags per week, or 70,500, OOOlbs in the year. The total importation of 
cotton into Great Britain in the year ending the 31st of December, 1852, 
amounted to 2,330,000 bags, or 925,285,000ft)S, of which 18,93,875 bags were 
from the United States of America, the remainder, 436,3 25 bags, from Brazil, 
South America, Egypt, the East and West Indies, &c. The average weekly 
consumption of Great Britain in 1852 exceeded that of the previous yeai' by 
3,929 bags, or, for the whole year, 80,500, OOOfts. 

The total quantity of manufactured goods and yarn exported in 1841, was 
Q58,871,7451hs, the value of which amounted to £17,250,000. In 1846, the 
value of British manufactures exported to all parts of the world was 
£51,227,066, for the year 1851 it amounted to the sum of £68,492,659, and 
for 1852 the amount was £71,375,066. The declared value of our produce 
and manufactures exported in 1853 was no less than £98,933,781 — an in- 
crease of above £20,000,000 over the exports of the previous year. The 
export of cotton manufactm'es increased from £23,223,432 to £25,817,249; 
of woollen manufactures, from £8,730,934 to £10,172,132 ; of iron and steel, 
wrought and unwrought, from £6,684,276 to £10,345,482; of apparel, from 



I 



INTRODUCTOEY EEVJEW. 



99 



£1,246,677 to £2,766,696 ; of beer, from £754,627 to £1,291,357 ; of butter' 
and cheese, froni £393,319 to £520,656 ; of haberdashery and millinery, from 
£2,074,180 to £4,156,494; of hardware and cutlery, from £2,691,697 to 
£3,665,051 ; of leather, from £666,304 to £1,278,491. 

The total declared value of the exports of the British and Irish produce and 
manufactures (including only " enumerated articles") during the month and 
eight months ending the 5th of September, 1854, is as follows : — 



1 


For the month. 


For the eight months. 


1854 
1853 

1852 


£7,847,956 
8,297,086 
6,870,586 


£59,553,150 
58,158,729 
47,009,146 



Including the "enumerated articles" (which since the beginning of th^ 
present year have been embraced in the official return), the month's export^ 
for 1854 ai'e raised to £8,783,714, and those of the eight months to 
£68,396,359. On the eight months there is an increase of £1,494,421 
over the corresponding period of last year, as compared with the eight 
months of 1852, the increase is no less than £12,644,004. 

The leading items of exports are stated as follow : — ■ 



Month ending 5th September. 



1852. 



1853. 



1854. 



Cotton manufactures 

Cotton yarn 

Linen manufactures and yarn . . . . 
Woollen manufactures and yarn. . 

Silks of all kinds , 

Metals of all kinds 

Leather, unwrought and manufac 

tured 

Haberdashery and millinery 

Hardwares and cutlery 

Coals and culm 

Beer and ale 

Machinery and mill work 

Stationery 

Wool 

Oils 



£1,940,734 

686,186 

493,539 

1,145,273 

152,340 

1,014,319 

86,315 

265,613 

232,023 

155,884 

47,975 

128,396 

53,270 

64,042 

22,^23 



£2,191,259 

595,268 
560,074 

1,100,304 
192,079 

1,564,465 

135,332 

494,400 

325,464 

179.723 

91,586 

207,863 

57,930 

47,653 

62,043 



£2,298,131 

550,071 

401,640 

1,035,334 

147,108 
1,386,486 

124,079 
385,403 
338,540 
196,303 

85,797 
202,215 

73,415 
104,542 

51,418 



..ore. 



3 00 INTKODUCTOEY EEVIEW. 

Most of these items present a decrease, compared with the same month of 
last year, but the decline is in most cases clearly traceable to the heavy 
Australian shipments at that period. In the items of coal, and haberdashery 
and millinery, the difference is still on the favourable side. Linens present 
the chief diminution, which, however, is mainly observed in linen yarns. 



THE COTTON MANUFACTURE. 

To illustrate the cotton manufacture descriptively, we cannot do better than 
detail the history of a bale of cotton wool from its importation to its manufac- 
ture into various beautiful fabrics. Cotton, as all our readers are aware, is a 
downy substance gathered from the seed pod of a plant. These plants are 
cultivated until the pod bursts, and at that time multitudes of women and 
cliildren are employed to gather the wool and seeds, leaving the husks behind. 
As the retention of the seeds would interfere with the fabrics in course of 
manufacture, the cotton is spread out to dry in the sun, and afterwards passed 
through machinery constructed for the purpose of clearing the fibres from the 
seeds, and in other respects preparing it for exportation. The cotton is then 
packed by hydraulic pressure in compact bales, and is afterwards shipped 
to Liverpool. 

Mr. Baines in his work gives the following account of the mode of conduct- 
ing the cotton sales at Liverpool : — " Cotton is sold at Liverpool by brokers, 
who are employed by the importers, and are allowed lOs. per £100 for their 
trouble in valuing and selling it. The buyers, who are the Manchester cotton 
dealers, and the spinners all over the country, also employ brokers, at the 
same rate of commission, to make then' purchases. The cotton is principally 
bought and sold b}-' sample — the purchasers very rarely considering it neces- 
sary to examine the bulk. By the strict probity and honour invariably 
observed by the brokers in their dealings with each other, this immense 
business is conducted with a facility and a despatch which have probably no 
parallel in any other market of the world, and which could not exist to the 
same extent in the sale of any other description of merchandise. The bags 
of cotton having been thus purchased, the next object of the manufacturer is 
their conveyance to his mill, and such is the extraordinary quickness and 
facility of transit between Liverpool and Manchester, that an enormous 
quantity of cotton in Liverpool, can be delivered at the factories in Man- 
chester within two or three hours after its purchase." 

Two or three examples may be interesting here, to exemplify the manner 
in which things can be effected in Manchester : — '* A merchant in Manchester 
wanted 1,500 pieces of printed calico of a particular description in three 
colours, to be sent off next day to America ; not finding them at any of the 
warehouses, he went to Harpurhey, to Mr. Lockett s, who had nothing of the 
kind wanted, — this was at five in the evening, and it was necessary to have 
the goods in Manchester the next day before one o'clock, to go by the railway 



INTRODUCTORY REVIEW. lOl, 

to Liverpool. Mr. Alsop, who is at the head of Mr. Lockett's establishment, 
said he was ^^'illing to undertake the order at his own risk. He did so — the 
pieces were printed in three colours, dyed, glazed, packed, and sent off to 
Manchester bj twelve o'clock; they reached Liverpool at three, were put on 
board, and the vessel sailed at five, just twenty-four hours after the order was 
given." In another instance, " A gentleman left Manchester in the morning, 
went to Liverpool, thirty miles off, purchased and took back with him to 
Manchester on the railway, 150 tons of cotton. This he immediately disposed 
of, and the article being liked, an offer was made to take another such quan- 
tity. Off he starts again, and actually, that evening, delivered the second 
150 tons, having travelled 120 miles in four separate journeys, and bought, 
sold, and delivered, thirty miles off, at two distinct consecutive deliveries, 300 
tons of goods in about twelve hours." In a third instance, " A manufacturer 
had some cotton despatched from Liverpool, on a Friday morning at three 
o'clock, and before eleven it had passed through the several operations of mix- 
ing, scutching, carding, drawing, slubbing, roving, and spinning. It was after- 
wards woven, and at half-past four a considerable quantity of good shirting 
cloth was forwarded to Liverpool, which it reached at seven the same evening. 
Thus the same cotton went through all the processes of manufacture, froDi 
the raw fabric to the woven cloth, and travelled above eighty miles between 
three in the morning and seven in the evening. The manufacturer wore the 
same evening, a garment made from this cloth,— thus exemplifying the incal- 
culable advantages of the railway system, and other facilities for the despatch 
of business." 

The cotton, having now arrived by railway, is transferred to the factory ; but 
before entering into description, it is necessary to premise some of the forms 
and purposes of cotton. There are factories wdiere cotton is spun into sewing 
thread — this forms one class. Another class produces that kind of yarn which 
is caUed by high numbers, denoting the number of yards to a pound, and is 
generally extremely fine. A third class manufactures only " twist," or a strong 
yam. This latter class greatly predominates both in Manchester and the 
district. Some do not weave into cloth, but still a large proportion -have 
immense numbers of power-looms for the purpose. On the other hand, there 
are many factories wdiere nothing but weaving is carried on, the warp and the 
weft being originally bonght by the weaver from the spinner. Then again 
there are further modifications, such as those establishments which produce 
fustians, moleskins, velveteens, muslins, cotton velvets, and a host of other 
fabrics. And again, there are various processes carried on, such as bleaching, 
dying, calico-printing, in various establishments, of which our space will only 
permit us to give a cursory notice, but we will now proceed to give a spirited 
description of a spinning and weaving factory, which appeared a few years ago 
in the " Penny Magazine." — The one described is known as " Orrell's factory," 
now carried on by Messrs. E. Maclure and Co., — "When we come within 
sight of the factor}'-, its arrangement cannot appear otherwise than striking 
to a stranger ; for the lofty chimney is separated from the factory itself by a 
public road, and stands isolated on a kind of rocky mount. Being a well 



^. 



102 INTKODUCTOEY EEVIEW. 

formed structure, this chimney, which, but for the smoke, looks more like a 
honorary column than anything else, presents a fine appearance. The fur- 
naces that supply heat to the boilers for four large steam engines, are situated 
in a building at one end of the factory — and the smoke from the furnaces 
passes through a flue under the public road, into the chimney, which thus 
conveys it up into the atmosphere at a distance from the factory. When we 
come in front of the factory itself, we find it speckled over with windows to an 
enormous amount. The building extends, from end to end, nearly three 
hundred feet, having a centre and two projecting wings. Ther^ are six 
ranges of windows in height, each range giving light to one floor or storey of 
workshops. There are nearly a hundred windows in each of these ranges on 
the four sides of the building, so that the whole amount to not much fewer 
than six hundred. The perfect regularity with which the windows of modern 
factories are arranged, constitutes one of their most conspicuous features. 
The ground-floor is two hundred feet in depth, from front to back, but 
the upper-floors are much less than this. Withinside the building, the 
extraordinary scene and deafening noise presented by the operations, are 
well calculated to bewilder a stranger — but of these, more anon ; we will 
at present confine our attention to the upper-floors. There are staircases 
conveniently situated for gaining access to the various floors, but besides 
this, there is a very ingenious contrivance for mounting to any floor 
without the least exertion on the part of the person ascending. There 
is a kind of square well, open from top to bottom of the factory, and mea- 
suring a few feet square. We place ourselves on a platform within this space, 
and, by pulling a rope, place the platform in connection with certain 
moving machinery, by which it is earned up, supporting its load, animate or 
inanimate, safely. When we desire it to stop on the level of any of the floors, 
we have only to let go the rope, and the platform will stop. When we wish 
to descend, we pull another rope, which enables the machinery to give 
a reverse movement to the platform. When, having ascended either by this 
piece of mechanism or by the staircase, we reach any of the upper floors, we 
find them to consist of very long rooms, lighted on all sides by windows, and 
filled with machinery so complicated and extensive, that we may well wonder 
how all can receive their movement from steam engines in a remote part of 
the building. Yet such is the case. There are two engines for the spinning 
machinery, of eighty-horse power each, and two for the weaving machines 
(this being both a spinning and a weaving factory), of forty-horse power each. 
These splendid engines are supplied from six boilers, the fires of which con- 
sume more than twenty tons of coal per day, and the main shaft from each 
engine is so connected with other shafts, both vertical and horizontal, as to 
convey motive power to every floor and to every machine in every floor." On 
the arrival of the cotton at the factory, it is generally conveyed to the topmost 
floor, where the bags are emptied. The cotton is in matted lumps, with the 
fibres clotted and tangled together — it is then subjected to the action of the 
"willow," a hollow box, stuck full of spikes, whereby it is torn fibre from 
fibre, and the dirt and impurities detached. The workmen, with technical 



INTRODUCTOEY REVIEW. 103 

expressiveness, apply the term " devil " to this boisterous, racketty machine, 
which seems to acknowledge no obstacles to its operations. A further process 
of clearing is now undergone, viz. that of " scutching," or " blowing," by 
which the cotton is beaten with fine flat bars, and, by an admirable blowing 
apparatus, the remaining dust is carried out of the building without coming 
in contact with either people or machinery. The next mechanical process 
consists of beautiful contrivances for placing the fibres alongside each other, 
after which it is subjected to the action of the " carding engine," consisting 
of cylinders covered with innumerable wire teeth, which, revolving in opposite 
directions, comb the cotton, and divest it of all irregularities. It then 
becomes spread into narrow, flattish, band-like portions, called " slivers," the 
fibres being ranged nearly parallel. The " slivers" are then brought into the 
" drawing " machine, in which there are several pairs of rollers, which com- 
press and elongate the "slivers," they are then doubled, and passed through 
the rollers again, and this process is repeated till the fibres are ranged more 
parallel and more equally distributed than before. It is then placed in the 
" roving " machine, where it is slightly twisted into the form of a cord, but so 
slightly as only just to hold together. It is then finally put in the various 
spinning machines — the machines on which Arkwright, Hargreaves, and 
Crompton expended so much time and thought. It then becomes by these 
machines converted into "twist," "warp," and "weft," according to the 
required purpose. If for "twist," it is then subjected to the minor 
operations of measuring, winding, sampling, and packing. If for ex- 
portation, to be woven abroad, it is packed in a very rapid and 
compact manner, as foreigners are better able to equal us in weaving 
than in spinning. The warp and the weft are then forwarded to the 
weaving factories, and the following description of the weaving room 
at Orrell's factory, from the " Penny Magazine, "^^ will illustrate this 
process : — " Thirteen hundred looms, each one a distinct and complete 
piece of mechanism, are here arranged in parallel rows, over a space of ground 
measuring probably two hundred and fifty feet by one hundred and fifty, 
having passages between the rows. Each loom is between three and four feet 
high, and perhaps five or six wide, and they are all so placed that one female 
can attend to two looms. Every loom receives its moving power from mecha- 
nism near the ceiling, where shafts and wheels present almost as complex an 
assemblage as the looms beneath them. These shafts are connected with the 
main shafts of the two smaller steam engines, so as to receive their moving 
power from thence. Six hundred and fifty females are here engaged in 
attending these looms, two to each, and these comprise almost the only occu- 
pants of the weaving rooms. The noise created by thirteen hundred machines, 
each consisting of a great number of distinct moving parts, and each pro- 
ducing what would, in an ordinary-sized shop, be considered a pretty vigorous 
din, is so stunning and confounding, that a stranger finds it almost utterly 
impossible to hear a person speak to him, even close at his elbow, or even to 
hear himself speak ; he walks along the avenues which separate the rows of 
looms, and ai'rives one after another at looms all exactly alike : he sees theso 



104 TNTEODUCTOEY EEVIEW/ 

clattering, hard-working machines on all sides of him, with the heads of the 
six hundred and fifty females just visible above them ; and he may not unrea- 
sonably marvel that the persons exposed to this incessant uproar for ten or 
twelve hours a day can appear indifferent to it. Yet such is the case, habit 
smooths away the inconvenience, and the workpeople seem to think light of 
it. In these power-looms, steam power may be said to do everything. It 
unwinds the warp from the warp beam, it lifts and depresses the treddles, by 
which the warp-threads are placed in the proper position for receiving the 
weft threads ; it throws the shuttle from side to side, cari7ing the weft thread 
with it ; it moves the batten, or lay, by which the weft thread is driven up 
close ; and finally, it winds the woven cloth on the cloth-beam which is to 
receive it. The female who has to manage a pair of looms has merely to 
attend to a few minor adjustments, which altogether about occupy her time : 
such as mending any of the threads which may have been broken, removing 
an empty shuttle and replacing it with a full one, removing an empty warp- 
heam or a filled cloth-beam, and replacing them with others fitted for conti- 
nuing the process." 

The capabilities of a cotton mill are thus described by Mr. Farey, in his 
" Treatise on the Steam Engine." He says — ''• An extensive cotton mill is a 
striking instance of the application of the greatest powers to perform a prodi- 
gious quantity of light and easy work. A steam engine of 100 horse power, 
which has the strength of 880 men, gives a rapid motion to 50,000 spindles 
for spinning fine cotton threads ; each spindle forms a separate thi^ead, and 
the whole number work together, in an immense building erected on purpose, 
and adapted to receive the machines, so that no room is lost. Seven hundred 
and fifty people are enough to attend to all the operations of such a cotton 
mill, and by the assistance of the steam engine they will be enabled to spin 
as much thread as 200^000 persons could do without machinery, or one person 
can do as much as 266. The engine itself only requires two men to attend 
to it, and supply it with fuel. Each spindle in a mill will produce between 
two and a half and three hanks, of 840 yards each, per day, which is upwards of 
a mile and a quarter of thread in twelve hours, so that the 50,000 spindles 
will produce 62,500 miles of thread every day of twelve hours, which is more 
than a sufficient length to go two and a half times round the globe." After 
leaving the loom, the cloth then goes through the minor operations of clean- 
ing, stiffening, finishing, and folding. It is now ready for sale, and after- 
wards goes into the hands of the bleacher, the dyer, or the cahco printer. 



BLEACH, PRINT, AND DYE WORKS. 

After leaving the factory, the next process is bleaching which may be thus des- 
cribed: — The pieces of grey cloth, as the cotton cloth is termed when it comes 
direct from the factories, are 'slightly fastened together by a machine, which 
performs the operation of stitching or tacking, until a connected length of many 



ISTEODUCTOUt HEVTEW. 105 

nundred yards is produced, which is then passed over a heated surface of copper, 
whereby the loose filaments are singed oflf. This being done, these large pieces 
are then further tacked together till tliey become seven or eight miles in length. 
This enormous length is then made, by means of cylinders, and drums, to go 
through the following different processes by machinery for the purpose, work- 
ing in the various vessels : — First, to divest it of all starch-flour size, used at 
the factories, it undergoes a thorough washing, then it is boiled in limew^ater, then 
it undergoes a second washing, then it is steeped in a dilution of sulphuric acid, 
then it undergoes a third washing, then it is boiled in a solution of soda, then 
it undergoes a fourth washing, then it is steeped in a solution of chloride of lime, 
and then again in dilute sulphuric acid, then it undergoes a fifth washing, 
then it is boiled again in a solution of soda, then it undergoes a sixth washing, 
then it is steeped again in the chloride of lime, and afterwards in the dilute 
sulphuric acid, and then finally, washed for the seventh time. The rapidity, 
precision, and efiiciency of these processes are truly astonishing, and the cloth 
which w^as originally of a nankeen grey colour, is now of a fine white. After 
being unpacked into its original pieces, the next process is calendering, or 
finishing, but this is not alv^ays required. This is done by passing the cloth 
between cylinders, heated with steam, and at the same time an enormous 
pressure is exerted on the cloth. This imparts to it a glossy finish and 
brilliancy of surface. It is then ready for either the dyeing or finishing pro- 
cess. In the former it has to be steeped in certain solutions of colours derived 
from organic and inorganic substances, and afterwards it is placed in what 
are termed "mordants," or other solutions of acids which have the effect 
of fastening, heightening, and brightening the colours. Further, steeping in 
different mordants will effect further changes of colour, till the desired effect 
is produced, it is then calendered and packed for conveyance to the pur- 
chasers. 

The process of calico printing is, however, far more complicated, and ex- 
hibits a more mingled display of machinery and chemistr}-. The colours 
required for this process have to be mixed to a certain consistency, and 
difterent establishments have different methods of producing the same effect. 
Printing machines capable of printing three, four, five, six and even more 
colours at a tim.e, have superseded the old method of block printing. For ma- 
chine printing the patterns are engraved on copper rollers, and the part intended 
to show in the pattern is etched out. The rollers are then put into the 
machine in connexion with a trough of colouring matter, the under edge of 
which being furnished with a knife-like apparatus called a " doctor," presses 
tightly against the roller, allowing only the engraved portions of its suiface 
to pass with the colour in them, and afterwards, the cloth is pressed against 
the engraved roller, by a cylinder, which causes the cloth to absorb the colour 
from the engraved interstices of the copper roller, and thus acquires the 
intended pattern. The colours, however, are dull, and in some instances in- 
distinct, but by means of steeping in various solutions and mordants, the 
colours become fast, if required, or acquire greater depth of colour and 
brilliancy. The pieces are then hung up in rooms, for the purpose of being 

a2 



106 INTRODUCTOEY REVIEW. 

" oxidized" or exposed to the action of the atmosphere, which still further adds 
to their effect. They then have to go through the final process of calendering, 
and are afterwards sent to the purchasers. " A printing establishment, like 
a cotton mill," says Mr. Baines, " is a wonderful triumph of modern science — 
and when the mechanical and chemical improvements of both are viewed 
together, they form a matchless exhibition of science applied to the arts, and 
easily account for a rapidity of growth and a vastness of extension in the 
manufacture which has no parallel in the records of industry." 

We have thus traced the progress of the cotton through the processes of 
spinning, weaving, bleaching, dyeing, and printing, and we must now speak 
of its various destinations. Almost every nation possessing any degree of 
civilisation and commerce, has its individual representative in Manchester. 
The Americans, of course, possess several large houses, but of all classes of 
foreign residents, the Germans and Greeks are the most numerous. The 
Germans make their shipments principally to Germany, France, and other 
parts of the European continent — some of them, however, export largely to 
other parts of the workl, but the Greeks principally confine their shipments 
to Turkey, South Russia, the whole of Asia Minor, Persia, Egypt, Arabia, and 
the East. Other houses export largely to India, China, Australia, the Eastern 
Archipelago, and the islands of the Pacific* Another class of warehouses are 
those which confine themselves to the " home trade," and from whom the 
country and metropolitan houses buy their goods. Accordingly, we find that 
in the warehouses of Manchester the nicest and most systematic order pre- 
vails. Every floor or storey is divided into " departments," over which there is 
a foreman placed, with a number of assistants or salesmen. The buyers walk 
from department to department and from floor to floor, and, as they purchase, 
the goods are sent down, usually by a hoist, into the packing room, where 
they are invoiced, re-examined for correctness, packed up, and despatched to 
their destination with a celerity truly astonishing. Mr. Knight remarks that — 
" No politician marks with more attention than a Manchester merchant the 
aspect of foreign afiairs. Does the Scindian, or the Affghan, or the Sikh war 
endanger the commercial na^dgatiou of the Indus — he guesses at a glance how 
it will affect his exports to the East : does China turn restive, 'and threaten 
the ' barbarian ' English — he regulates his shipments accordingly: does the 
reduction of the tariff, or the repeal of the corn-laws, or the suspension of the 
navigation -laws, seem likely to open the portals of international communication ■ 
yet more widely — he has his cargo of goods ready almost as soon as the news I 
reaches him : does the navigator discover some new inland region — presently 
does the Manchester man set about inducing the natives to wear some of his 
cottons, and if they cannot give money, he will contrive to get something else 
in exchange. The mariner, the missionary, and the merchant, are all working 
to the same end — all open to us new scenes of enterprise ; their professed 
objects differ widely, and their modes of proceeding differ as widely, — but the 
result is to bring all the ends of the earth nearer together, and to make known 
to us the riches and the wants of other lands." 



INTKODUOTOEt REVIEW. 107 



THE SILK TRADE. 

The silk manufacture remained for a long time one of the most important 
branches of national industry, after its introduction into England in the 15th 
centmy. After the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, in 1665, about 50,000 
refugees fled to England, a large portion of whom settled in Spitalfields, and 
engaged in the silk manufactures, but it was not till the beginning of the 18th 
centuiy that the manufacture of silk, in its various beautiful textures, upon 
any extensive scale, was undertaken in this country. The art of throwing silk 
by means of machinery was previously possessed by the Italians, and the 
French excelled in the manufacture of piece goods. All attempts to rival 
these productions in this country were unavailing, until the year 1715, when 
John Lombe, an enterprising mechanic, proceeded to Italy, clandestinely in- 
vestigated the whole process, and returned to England in 1717 with plans 
and models, bringing with him two Italian workmen. Immediately after his 
arrival he went to Derby, where he built a silk mill, the first ever erected in 
this country. In the year 1718 he obtained a patent for 14 years, but dying 
soon afterwards, his brother succeeded to the business, and subsequently 
transferred it to his cousin, Thomas Lombe, who continued it till the year 
1732, when it is said that 300 persons were employed in the manufacture of 
silk. At the expiration of the patent, he made application for its renewal, 
but was knighted in lieu of it, and a sum of £14,000 was voted to him as a 
remuneration. 

In plain silk weaving the process is much the same as in weaving linen or 
woollen, but the weaver is assisted by a machine for the even distribution of 
the warp, which frequently consists of eight thousand separate threads in a 
breadth of twenty inches. Satin derives its lustre from the greater portion of 
the threads of the warp being left visible, and the piece being afterwards passed 
over heated cylinders. The Jacquard loom, the invention of a person of that 
name in Lyons, for figuring or working patterns upon various fabrics, is one 
of the most useful of modern inventions. When M. Jacquard attempted to 
introduce the machine into Lyons, the w^orkmen broke out into open revolt. 
He was everywhere denounced as the enemy of the people, as the man who 
had been scheming the destruction of their trade, and the starvation of them- 
selves and their families. Plots were made to assassinate him, and it was 
with great difficulty that he escaped with his life. So strong was the tide of 
popular opinion, that his machine was ordered to be destroyed by the public 
authorities. Subsequently, thousands of machines, similar to that doomed to 
destruction, were introduced into France, and the production of silks, of the 
most exquisite beauty, at a low cost, was the dawn of unprecedented prospe- 
rity in that country. Such was the success of the Jacquard machine in 
France. Some years elapsed before it was introduced into this country, wnere 
it was first used in the manufactories of Spitalfields, then in the carpet manu- 
factories of Scotland, and, lastly, in various manufactories of England. 
About the year 1685, foreign silks were freely admitted, and silks to the value 



108 INTRODUCTORY REVIEW. 

of from £00,000 to £70,000 were aDnuallj imported. The present value 
of the silk manufacture in Great Britain is estimated at considerably more 
than £10,000,000 sterling. 

We are far behind our continental neighbours in the art of design. The 
superiority of our texture is of little avail, when placed in juxta-position with 
the figured productions of France, the superior beauty of which commands 
a decided preference. But while the British manufacturer acknowledges the 
superiority of the French in this particular he contends for the possibility of 
bringing our manufactures to the same standard of elegance. The artists of 
France possess no natural advantages above our native artists — their ad- 
vantages and the success derived from them, are owing, chiefly, to the pains 
their wise and fostering government has taken to encourage the fine arts and 
promote their stud}^ Gratuitous schools of design are established at Paris, 
Lyons, and many of their principal towns. The town of Lyons contributes 
twenty thousand francs per annum to the government establishment of the 
School of Arts, which takes charge of every youth, who shows an aptitude for 
drawing or any kind of imitative design applicable to manufacture. All the 
eminent painters, sculptors, and even botanists and florists of Lyons, become 
eventually associated with the staple trade and devote to it their happiest con- 
ceptions. In St. Peter's School, there are about one hundred and eighty 
students, all receiving from the town a gratuitous education in art for five 
years — the course of instruction embracing anatomy, botany, architecture, 
and loom pattern drawing. There is a botanical garden attached to the school. 
The government allows three thousand one hundred francs a year to this 
establishment, in which the students are supplied with every thing but 
the materials, and are allowed to receive the benefit of their works. There 
is one peculiar advantage in this school, worthy of especial remai^k — 
in it collections of silk fabrics may be studied, extending over a period of a 
thousand years, with explanations of the modes in which every pattern was 
produced, from the rude silks of the Egyptian mummies to the last figured 
webs. Here are also weaving schools, containing sixty or eighty scholai's. 
In these, a pattern being exhibited, they are required to exercise their in- 
vention immediately, as to the best means of producing the design on a piece 
of silk goods. Such difficulties as are occasionally encountered, being removed 
by the master, he leads them on to a successful accomplishment of the task. 
We may look in vain for establishments affording such advantages as these, 
throughout the length and breadth of the British empire. It is to be hoped ^. 
our government will direct its attention to this branch of art, and apply a ■ 
portion of the vast revenues of the empire, to an object so legitimate, and so ■ 
intimately affecting its welfare. 

MOUNTAINS AND HILLS OF GREAT BRITAIN, 

A descriptive writer on the general and dehghtful aspect of England, says—* 
" In some parts verdant plains extend as far as the eye can reach, watered by 
copious streams, and covered ]jy innumerable cattle ; in others, the pleasing 



INTEODUCTOEY EEVIEW. 



109 



vicissitudes of gently risiug hills and bending vales, fertile in corn, waving 
with wood, and interspersed with meadows, offer the mrst delightful land- 
scapes of rural opulence and beauty. Some tracts abound with prospects of 
the more romantic kind, — lofty mountains, craggy rocks, deep narrow dells, 
and tumbling torrents ; nor are there wanting, as a contrast to these scenes, 
the gloomy features of bleak moors, and wide uncultivated heaths. Wales, 
says another writer, the general aspect of which is bold, romantic, and moun- 
tainous, presents continued ranges of lofty mountains and impending crags, 
intersected by deep ravines and extensive valleys, and affording endless views 
of wild mountain scenery. These ranges generally extend in a direction from 
south-east to north-west, having their most abrupt declivity facing the latter 
quarter. Numerous projecting ridges laterally expand, on various points of 
the compass, in countless ramifications ; many of these present the appear- 
ance of mountains piled upon mountains ; in other instances, they shoot up 
rugged and abrupt from the bosom of deep valleys, in solitary and sublime 
grandeur." 

The following table shows the perpendicular height of the principal moun- 
tains and hills in Great Britain, above the level of the sea at low water, 
according to Colonel Mudge's survey : — 

Feet. 
Ben Muc Dhn, N.B., tlie highest hill 

in Great Britain 4,570 

Ben Nevis, N.B 4,370 

Ben Lavers, N.B 4,01 5 

Cairn Go^rn, N.B 4,000 

Bonas Hill, Shetland 4,000 

Snowden, the highest hill in North 

Wales 3,571 

Tchehallion, N.B 3,500 

Ben Mow, N.B 3,500 

Carnedd Lewellyn, N.W 3,469 

Carnedd David, N.W. , 3,427 

CriidchenBen, N.W 3,400 

Ben Lomond, N.B 3,262 

Scaw Fell, Cumberland 3, 162 

Skiddaw, Cumberland 3,082 

Plelvellyn, Cumberland 3,053 

Arran Fowddy, N.W 2,955 

Cader Idris, N.W 2,914 

Bow Fell, Cumberland 2,911 

Cross Fell, Cumberland 2,90 L 

The Pillar, Cumberland 2,893 

Beacons, S.W 2,862 

Arrenig, N.W 2,809 

Saddleback, Cumberland 2,787 

Grasmere Fell, Cumberland 2,756 

Cheviot, N.B 2,658 

Coniston Fell, Lancaster 2,577 

Trecastle, S.W 2,590 

Cadir Terwyn, N.B 2,503 

Cradle, S.W 2,045 



Feet. 

Nine Standards 2,136 

High Peak, Cumberland 2,101 

Dwygau, S.W 2,071 

Snea Fell, Isle of Man 2,004 

Black Coombe, Cumberland 1,919 

Holm Moss, Derby 1,859 

Pendal Hill, Lancaster 1,803 

Cousand Beacon, Devon 1,792 

Gerivyn Groch, N.W 1,724 

Dunkerry Beacon, the highest hill in 

the West of England 1,770 

Axedge, Derby 1,751 

Long Mount Forest, Salop 1,074 

Llangunor, S.W 1,059 

M^mydd Mane, Monmouth 1 ,568 

Eippin Torr, Devon 1,549 

Penmaen Mawr, N.W 1,5-10 

Malvern Hills, Worcester 1,444 

Stow Hill, Hereford 1,41 7 

Hathersedge, Derby 1,377 

Eildon Hills, N.B 1,364 

Wrekin, Salop 1,320 

Mamtor, Derby 1,300 

Black Hambleton, York 1,240 

Butterton Plill, Devon 1,203 

AYeaver Plill, Stafford 1,1 54 

Broadway Beacon 1,086 

Moeltra Ifse, Derby 1,037 

Leith's Plill, Surrey 993 

Bradley Knoll 973 

Plind iiill, Surrey 923 



IXO 



INTBODUCTOEY REVIEW. 



Feet. 

Plynlimmon, S.W. 2,463 

Dunrigs, N.B 2,409 

CapiUant, S.W 2,394 

Whernside, Ingleton Fells 2,384 

Whernside, Kettlewell Dale, Yorks.. 2,263 

Ingleborough, Yorkshire 2,361 

Pennigent, Yorkshire 2,270 

Hedgehope, Northumberland 2,347 

Shumer Fell, Yorkshire 2,329 

Queensbmy, N.B 2,259 

Carn Fell, Y^'orkshire 2,245 

Kilhopelaw, Durham 2, 1 96 

Water Crag, Yorkshire 2,186 

Eadnor Forest, S.W 2,163 



Feet. 

Wendover Down . . . . . .7 905 

White Horse Hill, Berkshire 893 

Botley Hill, Surrey 880 

Epwell Hill, Oxford 836 

Nettle-bed Windmill, Oxford 820 

Eoopshill, Surrey 702 

Stockbridge, Hants 620 

Hollingborn, Kent 616 

Shotover, Oxford 599 

Branstead Downs, Surrey 576 

]ieachey Head ,. , « . . 546 

Dover Chff 469 

Shorters Hill, Kent 446 

Norwood HiUs 380 



It hence appears that there are in England, Scotland, and Wales, five 
mountains at and above 4,000 feet in height, ten above 3,000 feet, thirty-two 
above 2,000 feet, and twenty-three exeeeding 1,000 feet in height. 



1 



GENEEAL HISTOEY AND DESCEIPTION 



COUNTY OF NOETHUMBERLAND. 



NoRTiiuarBEELAND, tliG most Hortliern of the English counties, is bounded 
on the north by Scotland, on the west by Cumberland and the Cheviot Hills, 
on the south by the rivers Tyne and Derwent, and on the east by the German 
Ocean. Its greatest length from north to south is 70 miles, its breadth from 
east to west 47 miles, and it comprises an area of 1,952 square miles, or 
1,249,299 statute acres. The amount of property assessed to the relief of 
the poor for the year ending 25th March, 1850, was £1,256,799 ; and the 
amount of real property assessed to the property and income tax for the year 
ending 5th April, 1851, was £1,560,876. The number of inhabitants in 
1801 was 168,078; in 1811, 183,269; in 1821, 212,589 ; in 1831, 236,959; 
in 1841, 266,020 ; and in 1851, it had attained to 303,568 souls, showing an 
increase at the rate of 79 per cent in the population during the last 50 years. 
At the period of the census in 1851, this county contained 47,737 inhabited 
houses, 2,064 uninhabited, and 386 in process of erection. There were also 
at the same time 488 places of worship, of which 154 belonged to the Esta- 
blished Church, 20 to the Roman Catholics, 68 to the Scottish Presbyterians, 
14 to the Independents, 17 to the Baptists, 198 to the Wesleyan Methodists, 
and 17 to other denominations. 

Northumberland forms two political divisions, north and south, and ie 
divided into six wards, similar to the wapentakes of Yorkshire, or the hun- 
dreds of other counties, viz. — Bambrough, Castle, Coquetdale, Glendale, 
Morpeth, and Tindale wards ; besides Bedlingtonshire, Islandshire, and 
Norhamshire, which, though locally situated in this county, formed detached 
portions of Durham, from which they were separated, in J 844, by the Act of 
7 and 8 Vict., c. 64, and annexed to Northumberland. These divisions are 
subdivided into 97 parishes, containing, exclusive of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and 
Berwick-on-Tweed, two municipal boroughs, IMorpeth and Tyuemouth, and 
eight other market towns, viz. — Allendale, Alnwick, Belford, Belhngliam, 



112 HISTORY OF NOBTHUMBEELAND. 

Haltwliistle, Hexham, Eotlibury, and Wooler, besides the towns of Ahimoiith, 
Bambrough, Blyth, Hartley, Seaton, and Wark^Yortb, as also numerous vil- 
lages and hamlets. 

This county is comprehended in the province of York and diocese of Dur- 
ham, of which it forms two archdeaconries, viz., those of Northumberland and 
Lindisfarne, which are subdivided into the deaneries of Alnwick, Bambrough, 
Bellingham, Corbridge, Hexham, Morpeth, Nevrcastle, Norham, and Eoth- 
burj^ It retm'ns ten members to parliament — two for Newcastle, two for 
Berwick-on-Tweed, one for Morpeth, one also for Tynemouth, and two for 
each of the political divisions. 

The climate of Northumberland is considered to be superior to most other 
maritime counties in salubrity, but the temperature is subject to considerable 
variations. For months together the mountain tops are covered with snow, 
while the lower districts are entirely free from it. The winds during the 
spring months are chiefly from the east, and dmiug summer and autumn 
rapid alternations of heat and cold are experienced. The surface of this 
county is very diversified — some parts are fertile and well cultivated, while 
others are almost barren. On the sea coast, and in the vales of Beamish, 
Till, and Beaumont, a sandy loam or turnip soil is found, while around 
the Cheviots, in the north-west, there is a dry and gravelly loam, 
with fine green hills thrown into a great variety of forms, enclosing 
and sheltering many deep, narrow, and sequestered glens. Towards the 
centre, and south-east of the county, moist loams on a wet clayey bottom 
prevail, while a black peat earth occupies most of the mountainous districts, 
and some of the lower parts of the country. In the neighbourhood of the sea 
coast the surface is generally level, but more diversified towards the middle, 
rising into gently swelling ridges separated by the principal rivers. These 
districts are enclosed, and in a few places adorned with woods and plantations. 
The western side, in general, is open and mountainous, growing little else but 
heath, and affording only scanty subsistence to the flocks which browse there, 
but the sheep pastures of the Cheviots have long been celebrated. This county 
possesses no very extensive old woods, though there are numerous plantations 
Vr^hose small timber is in constant demand for the coal mines. 

Ageicultuee. — This county consists, in a great measure, of mountain and 
other pasture, with bleak and unprofitable moors, the beautiful and sequestered 
vales by which the mountains are intersected, and the level country on the 
coast being the only exceptions to this general rule. About 1 50,000 acres of 
land are in tillage, 650,000 in pasture, and the remainder, besides the 
barren moors, consists of uncultivated hills and mountains, on which some 
thousands of sheep are constantly grazing. In the southern parts of the 
country, the valleys of the North and South Tyne, with others in their vici- 
nity, and also that of the Wansbeck, containing land of excellent quality, 
afford many specimens of superior husbandr}^, but, as a general rule, the farms 
are on too small a scale to entitle them to a place in the list of those distin- 
guished agriculturists who occupy the highly cultivated districts of Bambrough 
and Glendale Wards, where the farms vary in size from 300 to 3,000 acres. 



AGEICULTUEE. 113 

The Tale of Coquet is fertile and well cultivated, and the line along the 
base of the Cheviots, exteading from Whittingham by Wooler to the banks of 
the Tweed, is a district universall}" adapted to, and engaged in, the turnip 
course of husbandry. That along the coast, from Warkworth to Berwick, is 
of a stronger and heavier quality of soil, and better adapted for the growth of 
^Yheat and beans, intermixed, however, with many portions of fine turnip 
loam, and of rich grazing pasture. In other parts of the county, which are 
not included in the limits specified, good farms and good culture are to be 
found, and the same system, though somewhat modified, prevails throughout. 

The agricultural improvements made in this county of late years are 
scarcely to be equalled in any other part of England. Wheat is grown in 
large quantities and great varieties. Rye was formerly the chief grain sown 
in all the sandy light soils, but since the introduction of turnips and artificial 
grasses, it is cultivated only in the most sandy soils. Turnips, for rearing and 
fattening cattle, are extensively cultivated on what has acquired the name of 
the Northumberland system, viz., the method of culture in rows on elevated 
ridges. In no part of England, perhaps, has the introduction and cultivation 
of turnips added in an equal degree to the produce of the land as in this, 
and in few, probably, are the alternate systems of grazing and tillage made 
to work together with greater advantage. The rotation of crops now almost 
universally practised on the turnip soils in this county is, in the first year 
Jifter grass, oats — in the second, turnips and a small quantity of potatoes — in 
the third, spring wheat and barley — in the fourth, clover and other grasses — 
and in the fifth, pasture. In some cases, where land is of an inferior quality, 
or occupies an elevated situation, and where the rearing and feeding of stock 
are considered more profitable than the frequent repetition of corn, the land 
is kept in grass for three years before being ploughed out. The soil, as well 
as the climate, of this district, is peculiarly favourable for pasture, and while 
the land is " resting," as it is called, in grass, during an interval of two or 
three years between the repetition of corn crops, it is not only acquiring a 
fitness for their production by the fresh state in which it comes out again, 
but it is in the meantime paying its w^ay as sheep pasture. 

At the commencement of the present century Polish and Dutch oats were 
much grown on the best soils, but they are now almost entirely superseded 
by other varieties. The corn crop succeeding the turnip fallow, and with 
which grass seeds are sown, consists of spring wheat and barley, in such pro- 
portions as the season and quality of the land render advisable. If one part 
of the turnip quarter be superior to another, it is generally sown at first with 
turnips, so that it may be cleared at the earliest period for the wheat sowing, 
but if the land is equal, then it is desirable to alternate the crops, growing 
wheat this time where barley grew last, and vice versa. February is -the 
month preferred for sowing wheat, though it is often continued through the 
whole of March, and, when long protracted snow storms have prevented it, 
much has been sown as late as the first week in April. The barley crops axe 
generally very abundant, and beans have always flourished, especially along 
the sea coast. Peas are not as much grown as formerly, but numerous kinds 

II 



114 HISTOEY OF NOKTHUMBEELAND. 

of potatoes are cultivated. The cora harvest in the vale of Till and upon 
Tyneside fi-equentlj commences iu the first week of August, in the bleak, 
sterile districts, oats will often be uncut in the beginning of November, the 
general harvest, however, is in September. 

The farmers of this county have long been celebrated for their superior 
knowledge of breeding young cattle. Oxen are mostly grazed in the eastern 
part of the county, and the vicinity of Whittingham. For dairy purposes 
the Darham cattle are in great reci[uest, while for fattening, the Scotch cattle 
are preferred, but the short-horned kinds are most prevalent. The long-woolled 
sheep have been much improved by the introduction of the Leicester and 
Southdown varieties, but the native Cheviot breed, a hardy, useful species, 
with a small fleece of ordinary wool, is still the most general. The horses 
are strong and active, and generally of a middle size, vrith clean legs and 
muscular frames. 

Mountains and Hills. — The celebrated Cheviot Hills extend from the 
source of the river Coquet to Allerton, and thence northward to Prendwick, 
Branton, Ildertou, Yv^ooler, Kirknewton, and Mindrum, occupying an area of 
at least 90,000 acres. The v/estern angle of the county of Darham, and the 
parish of Allendale, in Northumberland, form a mountainous, naked, and 
barren region, being crossed by that ridge of hills which has not been inaptly 
termed the Apennines of England, though none of them rise to any consider- 
able height. 

LIiNERAL Speings. — This county eJoounds in mineral springs, many of 
which occur in the neighbourhood of the Newcastle coal-fields, and in the 
lead district. Some of them, depositing large quantities of yellow^ ochre, are 
common in the vicinity of Newcastle, while sulphureted springs are found at 
Dukesfield and elsewhere. The Spinner's Weil, near Bedliugtoushire, and 
others, are remarkable for their petrifying qualities. 



MINERALS. 

This district is eminently rich in subterraneous treasures, coal, lead, and 
iron, are its principal minerals. With regard to the former it can scarcely be 
necessary for us to point out to the reader its vast importance. Deprive us 
of our coal, and, wdiere w^ould be our manufactures, no longer should we by 
our commerce, convey the conjoined benefits of knowledge and civilisation to 
the remote regions of the globe. No longer should we triumph over time and 
space, no longer traverse the laud with a rapidity vAich has exceeded all 
anticipation — nor the ocean with a swiftness and certainty ^^■hich brings the 
far East within the vo^^age of a few days. Marvellous indeed arc the results 
obtained on considering the uses of those materials Avhich form together the 
great Carboniferous series of deposits as developed in the north of England. 
In a small strip of country, in an area of less than sLx or eight thousand 
spuare miles, which in some parts of Europe would be passed over almost 



MINEKALS, 115 

without remark by the practical man, the pohtician, and the statistician — we 
find grouped together a multitude of large towns, a population of some millions 
of people, having, perlaaps, more influence on the comforts of civilised man, 
throughout the world, than could elsewhere be found in a space of five, or 
even ten times that amount. Nor is this all. The other great manufacturing 
and commercial towns of England, with the exception of London, are similarly 
placed with reference to geological position. The coal and iron of the Carbon- 
iferous rocks form still the magnet towards which the other desirable thinos 
of this world are attracted, and they determine the growth and well-being of 
towns, not only in England, but elsewhere on the continent of Europe, and 
lately in America also. In France, Belgium, and Germany, we everywhere 
see towns rising up into manufacturing importance, where fuel and iron exist 
beneath the soil, and rarely, indeed, has it been found possible to produce any 
great improvement in these respects, except where nature has pre-ordained it 
by furnishing these sources of true riches. It is now well known that, hovv^- 
ever valuable in themselves other rarer natural products may be, there is no 
doubt of the enormously greater benefit to a people in the case of these 
materials which either enter into every manufacture, and are sources of power, 
or which are greatly increased in value by being subject to many processes 
to render them more generally useful, without, at tlie same time, causing them 
to be taken out of consumption. 

Although coal is very widely spread over the earth, and exists in some 
districts in enormous quantities, these are still so limited, and their value 
depends so mudi on geographical position, that the actual use of the mineral, 
as a fuel, is greatly limited. The several well-known coal-bearing districts 
in our own islands need only be referred to generally, as among the most 
valuable in the world for position, available quantity, and excellence. On 
the east side of England we have the great Northumberland and Durham 
coal-field, with half-a-million acres of workable coal, approachable in various 
places along an extensive coast line with several good ports, admitting of the 
best and cheapest transport. In South Wales there exists a yet larger area, 
in which thicker and equally valuable beds can be worked ; and there, also, the 
coast presents a number of convenient ports from which the coal can be shipped. 
In the interior of the country a vast tract in Yorkshire, Lancashire, Derby- 
shire, Staffordshire, and Shropshire, larger in extent than the other two districts 
together, is not only adapted to supply the interior of England, but, by means 
of railways, competes successfully in London even with the better coal conveyed 
by sea from the north. In Scotland the Valley of the Clyde is equally rich, and 
scarcely less important — while in Ireland each province possesses coal areas, 
which are, indeed, now but little worked, but which may hereafter prove of 
very great value. On the continent Belgium is especially rich, France and 
Germany possess stores of mineral fuel, the former especially, of considerable 
extent, though placed far in the interior. Spain has large and excellent beds, 
those in the Asturias not unfavourably placed for present use, while Eussia 
is provided with this in addition to her many other sources of wealth. In 
various parts of Asia the existence of coal is well known, but the details are 



116 HISTOEY OF NOETHUMBEKLAKD. 

not yet sufficiently reported to enable us to judge as to the extent of resources 
of this kind actually to be depended upon. Several remarkable and important 
coal-fields are kno\vn in India, and within a very short period the stores of 
this mineral on the shores of the Black Sea, are likely to come into great 
request. Rich and favoured as the Old World is in mineral fuel, North 
America is far richer, and its future promises yet grander results, the available 
coal area being no less than twenty-five millions of acres in the United States, 
and upw^ards of ten millions elsew4iere. If, therefore, we assume that there 
are in all fifty millions of acres of coal-producing beds on the earth's" surface, 
and that their average thickness is ten yards, and if we take the present con- 
sumption throughout the world at fifty millions of tons per annum, it is ap- 
parent, from a very simple calculation, that there exists a supply at least 
equivalent to the consumption of fifty thousand years at the present rate. 

The coal product of the world for 1853 w'as estimated by able statisticians 
at 75,000,000 tons ; of which about 40,000,000 tons were produced by Great 
Britain, at least 9,000,000 by the United States, France, 4,500,000, Prussia, 
3,500,000, Austria 700,000 tons, and Belgium, 5,000,000. According to Mr. 
M'Culloch, the total number of persons employed in the work of the collieries in 
Great Britain, is, from 160,000 to 180,000, and the total capital employed 
in the British Coal Trade no less than £10,000,000 of money. 

The following account of the origin of coal is extracted from the " History 
of the Fossil Flora of the Mountain Limestone of the Eastern Border," by 
George Tate, Esq., F.G.S., Alnwick, to whom we are indebted for much 
valuable information. 



THE ORIGIN OF COAL. 

That coal has been derived from plants which once grew on the surface of 
the earth can now be conclusively established. This, indeed, might be inferred 
from the vast number of fossil plants in beds both above and below a coal seam. 
An examination of the clifts on the sea coast near to Berwick, at North Sunder- 
land and Howick, and of inland quarries, will discover trunks and branches 
of trees with the vegetable matter of the interior replaced by sand or mud, 
but with the original bark converted into coal. The inference is strengthened 
by a comparison of the composition of living vegetables wdth that of coal, for, 
leaving out accidental and unessential ingredients, both are formed of 
the same elements, existing in each only in different proportions, both are 
composed of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen, but the carbon is propor- 
tionally much larger, and the gases much smaller, in coal than in wood. 
Direct evidence of the vegetable origin of coal has been furnished by Mr. 
Hutton. He cut thin slices of the different kinds of coal found near Newcastle, 
and on examining them with the microscope, found that they exhibited the reti- 
culations or network of the original vegetable texture, along with other cells, 
filled with a beautiful wine-coloured resinous matter, which was exceedingly 
volatile, and which was first driven off by heat. 



THE OEiaiN OF COAL. 117 

Vegetable structure cau be seen in some coals even by the naked eye. 
Soft pieces, called by miners " mother coal," not unfrequently show fibrous 
woody texture. Goppert not only perceived vegetable impressions in the coal 
of Silesia, but could also distinguish the families of the plants and trees of 
which it had been formed. In the coal of the mountain limestone of this 
district; we have found distinct vegetable remains, — in the Lemington coal we 
have seen lepidodendrons, and in that of Alnwick Moor and at Shilbottle, 
stigmariajicoides, with rootlets attached, and spreading through the coal. A 
simple experiment will give additional ocular pioaf, for, if any of our coals 
be well burnt, and the residue, or ashes, examined under a microscope, tubes 
and tissue belonmncf to vegetables will be observed. Nor is it difficult to 

Do D 

account for the presence of these organised fragments, because silica, or some 
other incombustible mineral, when in a state of solution, has replaced portions 
of the original vegetable substance, assumed in its structure, and while the 
carbonaceous elements have been dissipated, these indestructible portions 
have passed unchanged through the fire. 

The evidence is conclusive, coal is a transformed vegetable. The mineral 
fuel which is placed in the depths of the earth, which has a thickness 
of several hundred feet, which extends over an area of many thousand miles, 
and which ministers largely to domestic comfort, and, by its application to 
manufactures and locomotion, has vastly increased the productive power of 
our country, and even given new impulses to the progress of civilisation, was, 
ages ago, an immense assemblage of living plants, flourishing on the surface 
of the earth. Marvellous as is the change, it is equalled, and even surpassed, 
by others of a kindred nature, since the diamond, which lends a lustre to 
female beauty, and is the most valuable and brilliant of gems, is also a trans- 
formed vegetable, having the same origin, and being formed of the same 
elements as coal. 

The Plants, or the Oeiginal Materials of which Coal w^as formed. — 
The question now comes for consideration, w^hat were the plants of which 
coal was formed, and what affinity or analogy do they bear to existing vege- 
tation ? The inquiry is not without interest, since it may lead to new facts 
in the history of vegetation, and throw light over the conditions of the era when 
the Carboniferous series was deposited. As fossil plants are generally frag- 
mentary and imperfect, and but rarely present the essential organs of fructi- 
fication, the inquiry is difficult — it has nevertheless been prosecuted with 
ability and zeal by eminent naturalists on the continent and in our own 
country, and though several problems in Fossil Botany yet remain unsolved, 
the structure and characters of many Carboniferous plants have been success- 
fully determined. 

Fossil plants occur chiefly in the shales and sandstones associated with 
coal, not uufrequently they are found in nodules of ironstone, and occasionally 
in limestone, as at Howick, North Sunderland, and Scremerston. They con- 
sist of the stems and branches of trees, of roots, fronds and leaves, and rarety 
of fruit. Most commonly they are impressions or casts, the original vegetable 
matter being replaced by sand or mud. In shales the stems are ilattencd, 



1]8 HISTORY OP NORTHUMBERLAND. 

but ill sauclstoue tliej are frequently round, and retain tlieir natural shape, 
usually they are broken and prostrate, but in some cases they stand perpen- 
dicular to the line of stratification, apparently rooted on the spot where they 
grew. Coarse mud or sand has not, however, in all instances replaced the 
TOgetable matter, for minerals, such as silica and carbonate of lime, have, in 
a state of solution, penetrated the tissues of th^ plant and preserved its 
structure, and, when in this condition, the fossil admits of as exact an exam- 
ination as a modern vegetable, and contains within itself the evidence by 
which its nature and relationship can be determined. But in order to undei'^ 
stand the nature of this evidence, and also the references which may be made 
to vegetable types, it will be of use briefly to explain in what manner the 
existing Flora can be arranged in great divisions or classes, according to their 
distinctive internal structures. To one or other of the four following classes 
all existing plants may be referred : — 

1. ThallQgens (from iJiallos, a leaf, and geiuiaein, to produce), which are com- 
posed entirely of cellular tissue, and include Lichens, Fungi or Mushrooms, 
and AlgcE or Sea-weeds. 

3. Acrogens [acros, swmnlt), which have centres either hollow, or composed 
of cellular tissue ; vascular or woody bundles are produced simultaneously 
near the circumference, and the stems increase upward, and not in breadth — 
they include Mosses, Lycopodiums or Club-Mosses, and Ferns. 

3. Endogens (endon, within), which have definite bundles of vascular tissue 
scattered throughout cellular tissue ; the additions in the first instance are 
towards the centre — they possess no true bark, and no medullary sheath or 
rays. Palm trees and Grasses are included in this class. 

4. Exogens [exo, outward), which possess a distinct pitli and bark, with 
medullary rays connecting the two. They increase, year after year, by 
regular additions of "vascular circles between the external bark and the woody 
zone previously formed. Oaks, beeches, all our forest trees, and most 
British plants belong to this class. 

■ Let us show the application of these scructural peculiarities to a fossil 
plant. Mr. Witliam, to whom Fossil Botany has been greatly indebted, found 
in the coal measures at Ushaw, in Durham, a fragment of a fossil, which had 
no pretensions to beauty, and would have been cast aside by an incompetent 
observer, yet this unpromising looking fragment could, by the interrogations 
of science, tell its own history, and give us a glimpse of the state of the world 
at a far distant era, — for, when a tranverse section was placed under a micro- 
scope, its exogenous structure was evinced ; no concentric circles were disco- 
vered, but medullary rays crossed elongated cellules, which were similar to 
those in Coniferas or Cone-bearing trees ; a longitudinal section more distinctly 
revealed the affinity of the fossil, for the walls of the cells were covered with 
roundish or oval areolae or glands. Now these are found on the cells of no 
other plants excepting the Coniferae and Zamias ; but the combined evidence 
of both sections proved that the fossil was a fragm.ent of a cone-bearing tree 
similar to the Finns Strobns, or Weymouth Pine, a native of Canada and the 
more northern districts of North America. These relics of a former vegetation 



THE ORIGIN OF COAL. 119 

were noble forest trees. At Granton, near Edinburgli, and in the Newcastle 
coal-field they have been found 70 feet long, but while some of them have 
their type in the northern hemisphere, their analogue is to be seen in the 
Araucarias — in the Antingia excelsa, or Norfolk Pine, which, growing to the 
height of 200 feet, and clothed with an abundant foliage, gives magnificence, 
beauty, and picturesqueness to the scenery of southern lands. 

About 300 species of plants from the Carboniferous formation of Great 
Britain have been described, but with the exception of Coniferse and Ferns, 
few of them have a close affinity to existing families of plants, indeed, on going 
down a coal-pit a few hundred feet deep, we i£eet with, an entombed Flora, as 
different from that growing on the surface, as that is which is seen in another 
hemisphere. Not only are the floral forms strange, they are even frequently 
beautiful in their rocky sepulchres. One of the finest passages in Dr. 
Buckland's Bridgewater Treatise is a description of what he saw in the coal 
mines of Bohemia: — " The most delicate imitations of living foliage upon the 
painted ceihngs of Italian palaces," he says, " bear no comparison with the 
beauteous profusion of extinct vegetable forms, with which the galleries of 
these instructive coal-mines are overhung. The roof is covered as with a 
canopy, of gorgeous tapestry enriched with festoons of the most graceful foliage, 
flung in wild irregular profusion, over every portion of its surface. The 'effect 
is heightened by the contrast of the coal-black colour of these vegetables with 
the light ground-work of the rock to which they are attached. The specta- 
tor feels himself transported, as if by enchantment, into forests of another 
world ; he beholds trees, of forms and characters unknown upon the surface 
of the earth, presented to his senses, almost in the beauty and vigour of 
primaeval life — their scaly stems and bending branches, with their delicate 
apparatus of foliage, are all spread out before him, little impaired by the 
lapse of countless ages, and bearing faithful records of extinct systems of vege- 
tation, which began and terminated in times of which these relics are the 
infallible historians." 

The Changes which Coal has Undergone, and the Conditions of the 
Era during which it was Deposited. — So great is the difference between 
a plant and coal, that it may naturally be inquired, what causes have operated 
to transform the green living vegetable into a black stone ? We must endeavour 
to connect the two extremes. 

And, first, the question occurs, was coal derived from plants, transported 
from a distance, and deposited in lakes and estuaries, as drift-timber is at 
present carried by the American rivers into the Mexican Gulf and the estuary 
of the Amazon, or from plants which grew on the places where coal-beds now 
exist? To the drift hypothesis there are strong objections. Humboldt calcu- 
lates that the carbon produced by the trees of the temperate zone, growing 
over a certain area, would not, in one hundred years, form a stratum of more 
than 7-1 2ths of an inch in thickness, and yet some coal-beds are 30 feet 
thick. But reasoning from the action of causes at present operating, we can- 
not infer that the drifting process could accumulate the vast quantities of 
carbonaceous matter required, without intermingling with it more sand and 



120 HISTORY OF NORTHUMBERXAXD. 

mud than are found in any coal-seam. The extended area of many coal-beds 
offers a still more serious objection. The Newcastle coal-field itself has an 
area of 200 square miles ; but, even though it were imagined that all this 
extent had been formed of masses of drifted vegetables, it is, however, in the 
highest degree improbable, that this process could have distributed vegetable 
matter evenly over an area of 14,000 square miles — the area of the Pittsburgh 
coal-seam in North America. 

Some few coal-beds of limited extent, may have been formed of drifted vege- 
tables. There are, however, sufficient grounds for affirming that, wherever 
a coal-bed is persistent over a considerable area, it has been formed of plants 
which grew on the spot, and which, in consequence of change of level, were 
subsequently covered over with detrital depositions out of water. The condi- 
tion of many delicate fossil plants shows that they have not been brought from 
any great distance ; but more conclusive evidence of our position is afforded by 
the numerous cases which have been observed of fossil trees with their roots, 
standing perpendicular, to the slope of the strata, and on the spot where they 
originally grew. In the Newcastle coal field SigillaricE have been found resting on 
a small seam of coal, passing through sandstone, and at length truncated, and 
lost in the High Main seam. Railway cuttings have exposed remains in situ 
of ancient Carboniferous forests. At Dixonfold, in Lancashire, five large 
SigillaricB were laid bare, all standing vertical to the plain, of stratification, and 
with their roots extending into a soft shale — oue of them was J 1 feet high and 
15^ feet in circumference at the base. Near to Chesterfield, above forty fossil 
trees were discovered in the same position, standing about 3 feet apart upon 
a coal-bed, but with no traces of roots, the stems disappearing at the point of 
contact with the coal, to form which, the root and lower portion of the stems 
had contributed. The most interesting example in England is that at Parkfield, 
at Wolverhampton, where, in connection with a deposit not exceeding 12 feet 
in thickness, there are three distinct beds of coal, each exhibiting, on its 
surface, forests of large upright trees — on the upper surface seventj'-three trees 
were standing within an area of one quarter of an acre. The New World 
furnishes additional facts. Sir Charles Lyell found in the coal measures of 
Nova Scotia, at the South Joggings, erect trees at ten different levels, extend- 
ing over a space of about fourteen square miles. The trunks, w^hich were 
abruptly broken at the top, passed through different mineral beds, but were 
never seen to penetrate a coal-seam, however thin — they terminated down- 
wards either in coal or shale, having grown, either out of decomposed vegeta- 
tion, or out of a swamj^y mud soil. Mr. Brown describes similar instances in 
the Sydney coal field of Cape Breton, where the npright trees generally are 
rooted in the shale or mud beds, the marshy soil of the Carboniferous era. 

The conclusion which these facts prove, is remarkably confirmed by the 
peculiar relation which the under clay has to a coal-bed. - It was first observed 
by Mr. Logan, that below every one of the hundred coal-seams in South Wales, 
there is a bed more or less argillaceous and mixed with sand, usually of a 
fine texture, and making a good fire clay. Now, every one of these beds is 
penetrated in all directions by a tangled collection of fossil roots (stlgmaricB 



THE OEIGTN OF COAL. 3 21 

Jjcoides), from wliicli numerous rootlets proceed, interlacing with each other. In 
Britain generally, and in North America, the same relation has been observed. 
Some few exceptions occur in our own district, but even here interesting 
instances can readily be found. Beneath a coal-bed at Shilbottle there is a bed 
of carbonaceous sliale, 6 feet thick, almost entirely composed of stigmaricB 
with long rootlets attached, and so highly charged is this bed with carbon, 
that it can be advantageously used to burn lime. Indeed, there seems no 
doubt that the under clay was the soft, damp, muddy soil on which the Carbon- 
iferous Flora grew, the form, and sometimes the structure of the roots remain 
to reveal to us their nature and history, but the gigantic stems and enormous 
vegetation which they supported have been transformed into coal. 

We must find analogies in existing nature to give force to our exposition, 
for modern geology, discarding the fanciful conjectures which gave poetic 
interest but no philosophical value to the cosmogonies of a former generation, 
appeals to the laws now operating to furnish an explanation of the past. 
Accumulations of peat, so abundant in this district, gives us an illustration. 
This is formed when vegetables moulder in moist situations. In the lower 
part of a deposit, it consists chiefly of trunks and branches of trees, of reeds 
and sedges, and in the upper part of the remains of various species of sphag- 
num or moss, which throw out new shoots as the older deca}^ so that an in- 
crease in the' height of the deposit is constantly going on, as long as the proper 
condition of moisture continues. It is found at all levels in this countrj^ 
from the sea coast up to the summit of Cheviot, and not unfrequently of 
considerable depth, as near to Ford, where it is about 20 feet deep. Peat 
accumulations extend over great areas in Ireland, where they occupy one-tenth 
of the surface, with a depth in some cases of 40 feet. 

Peat deposits pass under the sea at North Sunderland, Newton, and Howick. 
At Hartlepool, we found one six feet thick, containing many oak trees, covered 
over with abed of silt or mud, in which are entombed great numbers of marine 
shells identical with those now living along the shores of the German Ocean. 
Within, therefore, a comparatively recent period, there has been a change of 
level along the eastern coast, a forest of trees waved their branches where 
the billows of the ocean now roll, presenting a type, indeed, of the changes 
which occurred during the Carboniferous era. 

The peat deposit at the Black Lough, a few miles west of Alnwick, offers 
another not uninteresting illustration. It occupies a basin, of which the 
Lough forms a part, and is, in some places, twelve feet thick — at the bottom 
are stumps of trees, their tops broken off, but still standing rooted in the 
sandy soil beneath the peat. If this basin were depressed, and detrital matter, 
brought by water, deposited, that peat, ages hereafter, would be converted 
into coal, and would present, on a small scale, analogies to a coal field. 

In countries where vegetation is more rank than in Britain, we have 
climatal and other conditions more resembling those of the carboniferous era. 
An instructive example is furnished by the low grounds bordering the Gulf 
of Mexico. The delta and alluvial plain of the Mississippi have an area of 
about 30,000 square miles, being somewhat greater than that of Ireland — ■ 



H 







1S2 HISTORY OF NORTHUMBERLAND. 

the elevation of the delta does not in any part exceed ten feet. According 
to Sir Charles Lyell, the larger portion of this area consists of swamps, 
supporting a luxuriant growth of timber, especially cypress tress, interspersed 
with lakes in deserted river bends. The mass of vegetable matter is increas- 
ing, for as one generation of cypress trees moulders down, another rises above 
its remains, each generation, in its course, adding to the vegetable accumula- 
tion. At the bottom is an unctuous clay, which is penetrated by the cypress 
roots, in a manner similar to the stigmarim in the under clays of a coal seam. 
Portions of these swamps are occasionally covered over by sediment brought 
down by the river, which, when swollen, breaks through its ba.nks, and a 
muddy or sandy roof is formed to the carbonaceous mass, like that which is 
found in the coal measures. Sections, indeed, show that within a period 
comparatively recent, beds of vegetable matter, consisting chiefly of moulder- 
ing cypress trees, identical with those nov/ growing in the swamps, are over- 
laid by strata of clay and sand, eighty feet in thickness. A depression of the 
delta, to the extent of only a little above ten feet, would bring an area of 
14,000 square miles below the level of the sea, the materials of an extensive 
coal bed would be covered over, mud, sand, and lime-strata would be formed, 
and marine exuviae entombed, and the series, after the lapse of ages, would 
present a counterpart to the mountain limestone of Northumberland and 
Berwickshire. Nor is such a depression unlikely to occur, for changes of 
level are going on at present — some gradual, as in Scandinavia — and others 
sudden, as on the coast of Chili. 

The complicated phenomena of our district evidence frequent oscillations 
of level and repeated changes of land, fresh water, and nmriue conditions. 
During the Carboniferous era, this district had its hills and valleys, its rivers 
and lakes, but there were also extensive low-lying plains, rank with vegeta- 
tion, bordering on the sea. These swamps were converted into lakes, and 
the submerged vegetation was covered with sand and mud, in which were 
stems and branches of trees — other changes succeeded — the waters gradually 
became shallower, and, at length, a new marshy surface appeared, supporting 
a vegetation as luxuriant as before — after the lapse of ages, the scene is again 
cha,nged, the vegetable accumulations have again sunk, the waters of the 
ocean have rolled over it, and eventually it is covered with lime and mud 
beds, which are crowded with marine animals, that had lived and died on the 
spot Vvhere they are now entombed. 

The Carboniferous deposits have a wide range in both hemispheres, from 
the arctic regions down to the 33° of north latitude. Over the whole, the 
same general conditions prevailed, for the same peculiar Flora is found in 
every portion of it. That Flora was not varied, though extraordinarily luxu- 
riant and enormous in the aggregate. At pTesent there are in Great Britain 
1428 species of flowering plants and ferns, but only 300 species have been 
found belonging to the Carboniferous era. The different proportion of ferns 
is also remarkable, for while nearly one-half of the Carboniferous Flora are 
ferns, they constitute only about 1-3 5th part of the entire existing Flora. 
Conditions such as are indicated by the Carboniferous Flora are to be met 



THE OBIGIN OP COAL. 123 

with only in countries, especially in islands, bordering on the tropics, and it 
may therefore be inferred that the climate of the era was humid and equable, 
and, if not warm, at least temperate. This conclusion is strengthened by 
some peculiar characters of the Coniferous fossils found in the valley of the 
Tweed, for they have few and very slight appearances of concentric rings, 
which arise from interruptions of growth consequent on changes of 
temperature. 

The scenery of these primceval lands, though not glowing with beauty, nor 
radiant with light, has its charms, and arrests attention by the strangeness 
and vast propoitions of its vegetation. The summits of the hills and slopes 
of the mountains were adorned by the picturesque forms of the lofty Arau- 
carias and the other cone-bearing trees — on the extended swampy plains, 
dense forests of gigantic club-mosses flourished, their huge arms flung widely 
out, and covered with scaly leaves and terminated with cones ; fluted trees 
stood erect on widely spreading roots, their long narrow leaves forming a 
series of drooping curves, rising from the summit and sides of the stem, and 
giving to the scene a sepulchral solemnity — tall reeds sprung upward, straight 
as the mast of a vessel, with slender leaves or branches in whorls around the 
stem. The foliage of the whole was sombre, but somewhat relieved by the 
brighter green herbaceous ferns which grew in the shade, and by the graceful 
tree ferns crowned with over-arching fronds. No warm-blooded creature then 
" vralked the earth" — no beast roamed through the forest — no bird was there, 
with its gay plumage and sportive song ; only a few reptiles crawled in the 
swamps, and an insect here and there fluttered on the wing : — yet the 
thoughtful mind connecting this scene with the distant Future, feels deeply 
interested with its aspect and bearings — for here the all-wise Creator, who 
adjusts the working of physical laws to the attainment of moral purposes, 
caused the vegetative powers of nature to put forth their strength, to make 
provision for the future wants of the intellectual and moral beings who were 
to people the world. 

It nov,' remains for us to explain the chemical changes which the entombed 
vegetable mass has undergone in its conversion into coal. 

Coal is formed of the same elements as wood, but in different proportions. 
Leaving out unessential elements, wood is composed of oxygen and hydrogen 
gases united with about an equal quantity of carbon. Oak, for example, 
contains 49-432 parts of carbon, 44-499 of oxj^gen, and 6*069 of hydrogen. 
Now, v.'hen wood is immersed in water, a change commences which Liebeg 
calls mouldering, and which is different from the decay that results when air 
is freely admitted ; oxygen and hydrogen are given off in combination with 
smaller quantities of carbon, the hydrogen and carbon forming carburetted 
hydrogen, the fire-damp of miners, and the oxygen and carbon forming car- 
bonic acid, the choke-damp of miners. Trees submerged in bogs are under- 
going this change — and, hence, the swamps bordering the Mississippi are 
constantly emitting carburetted hydrogen, especially wherever the ground is 
dug into. Bog-wood, therefore, contains a larger proportion of carbon than 
wood does, its composition being 57*0 of carbon, oT*5 of oxygen, and 5 9 of 



124 mSTORY OF NORTHUMBERLAND. - 

hydrogen. AVlien the mouldermg process has gone on for a longer period, 
lignite, such as is found in the tertiary beds, is formed, in which the carbon 
is further increased, the composition being 58-56 of carbon, 26'85 of oxygen, 
and 5-95 of hydrogen. As we go backward in time, the disproportion becomes 
greater, for the rich bituminous Bensham coal belonging to the Newcastle 
coal-measures, consists of 86-44 of carbon, and only 5*67 of oxygen, and 5'74 
of hydrogen. And in anthracite, where the series of changes is nearly com- 
pleted, the oxygen and hych^ogen have all but cUsappeared, and the result is 
nearly pure carbon. 

Here a practical hint may be given. Some persons, especially those living 
ill the country, expose coals to rain, in the belief that their quality will be 
thereby improved — but exposure to moisture hastens on the decay of coal — 
it cannot, indeed, be stored in too dry a situation. For steam vessels, dry 
storeage is of great importance, because access of moisture, besides wasting 
coal, may cause spontaneous combustion, when sulphuret of iron is in com- 
bination with the coal. 

The mouldering process is still going on in coal-fields, for to this is owing 
the evolution of carburetted hydrogen, the dreadful enemy to miners — and yet 
this destructive element, when rightly treated, ministers to our wants, cooking 
our food and lighting our villages and towns. Bearing in mind what has 
already been achieved in controlling and directing the power of steam and of 
the electric fluid, it may be hoped that science, impelled onward by humanity, 
will ultimately be able to bring the carburetted hydrogen from the mine where 
it spreads misery and death, and, conducting it into proper receivers, aj^ply 
it to economical purposes. Already something has been accomplished. The 
floor of the Bensham seam, in Hebburn colliery was observed to rise, and gas 
to escape from another seam 24 feet below — ^the lower seam was tapped, and 
the gas is conducted by a pipe to the subterraneous stables and used to light 
them. At WaUsend a large quantity of gas — 11,000 hogsheads per minute — 
is now wasted — it is brought up by a pipe from a depth of 900 feet, is ignited 
above ground, and may be seen for a distance of several miles, burning like a 
huge bonfire. The Americans, ever ready to make practical applications, 
*' are wiser in their generation." There is an abundant discharge of the same 
gas, from carbonaceous shales connected with the coal formation, atFranconia, 
but its escape into the atmosphere is arrested, and it now illuminates the 
streets and houses of the viflage. 

Pressure, heat, and time have been additional means of completing the con- 
version of wood into coal. 

The vegetable deposits of our district have been compressed by an enormous 
weight of superincumbent rocks, consisting of the broken up masses of more 
ancient mountains, of sand, mud, and lime beds of great thickness, and of 
lava streams poured out from the depths of the earth. 

Experiments made by Professor Goppert, a,nd also by Mr. Oakes, have 
well shown the influence of heat. The former placed recent plants, represen- 
tatives of the Fossil Flora, for a long time in water, whose temperature was 



I 



THE OETGIN OF COAL, 125 

maintained during the day at 212° Fahr. and at from ]35° to 167° Fahr. 
during the night — in t>YO years a product was obtained which could not be 
distinguished from brown coal. It was not, however, black and shining like 
ordinary mineral coal, but by the addition of a small quantity of sulphate of 
iron, the product obtained had this aspect. Anthracite can be formed by 
artificial means, for Mr. Oakes exposed the bituminous coal of Alfreton to a 
very gradual heat, and the result was not coke, but an anthracite, similar to 
that which is natural. Probably the lower beds of the Welsh coal basin are 
anthracitic, because they are nearer to the sources of central heat than the 
U23per beds, which are bituminous. Basaltic and other igneous dikes and 
ovei-flows produce a like effect — many instances occur in the Scotch coal fields; 
and at Calton Hill, fragments of coal which have been enclosed in the trap 
rock are changed into anthracite. Our own district also presents facts of the 
same nature. A large basaltic dilie cuts through the Carboniferous beds at 
Beadnel, and the coal at the point of contact is charred, forming a kind of 
coke, but, at a short distance, it is anthracitic, the hydrogen and oxygen of 
the coal having been driven off along with a smaller amount of carbon, by 
the heat of the molten rock. 

Time is demanded to account for the accumulation of vegetable matter, and 
the various changes which have succeeded. Supposing that the vegetable ener- 
gies of the Carboniferous era were fourfold those of the present, sixty thousand 
years would be required for the growth of the plants which are now mineral- 
ised in the 100 feet of coal in South Wales — and yet this is but a fraction 
of the time which passed away while the 12,000 feet of accompanying sedi- 
mentary strata were deposited, since all of them were of slow and gradual 
formation. Even this vast period includes only a short section of the records 
of nature. Taking our era as a stand-point, and looking backward through 
the Devonian, Silurian, and the Cambrian systems, with their rocky beds 
many miles in thickness, and containing myriads of extinct races, and then 
forward through the secondary, tertiary, and recent formations, and marking 
how frequently entire assemblages of organised creatures disappear and are 
succeeded by others widely different, the mind labours in vain to sum up the 
long series of ages which pass before it in succession. But this surve3% 
while teaching us to cultivate a reverential spirit, gives elevation to our ideas 
of that Infinite Being, to whom "a thousand years are as one day," and who, 
throughout all past time, has maintained order and harmony in the universe. 

Viewing, moreover, the history of coal, not only in connexion with physical 
laws, but also with moral beings, we may perceive a relation of means to an 
important end. The rank vegetation of a far distant era, the changes it has 
undergone, and its position in the bowels of the earth where it can be reached 
by human skill, have a direct bearing on the comfort of man and social pro- 
gress. From the dark mine, therefore, indubitable evidence comes forth of 
the existence and power of G od, and from thence ma}" be heard a testimony to 
His benevolence and forethought, in storing up for the use of man a vast 
magazine of fossil fuel. 



126 HISTOEY OF NOETHUMBERLAND. 

" My heart is awed within me, when I think 
Of the great roiracle that still goes on 
In silence round me — the perpetual work 
Of THY creation, finished, yet renewed 
Per ever.''-— Beyant. 



THE COLLIERIES. 

Of all the coal-fields in England, that of Northumberland and Durham is 
the most important. It is bounded on the north by the river Coquet, and 
extends nearly to the river Tees on the south. Thus, its extreme length is 
about forty-eight miles, and its extreme breadth twenty-four miles, but its 
area cannot be less than eight hundred square miles. It is intersected by 
tv^^o navigable rivers, the Ty^e and the Yv^ear, on the former of which is 
situated the town of Newcastle, and on the latter the city of Durham. 
Throughout this district, the coal strata " dip," or descend, towards the east, 
and " crop out," or ascend, towards the west. At one point, a particular 
seam, called the Pligh Main, lies at a depth of nearly a thousand feet, w-hile 
at other spots, the same seam rises nearly to the surface. Throughout thei 
greater part of this coal-field, the various beds, or strata, of the coal-measures, 
amount to upwards of eighty, consisting of alternating beds of coal, sa.ndstone, 
and slate clay, the aggregate thickness of the whole being about sixteen hun- 
dred feet. This coal-field possesses as many as forty distinct beds of coal, 
but only eighteen of them are of sufficient importance to be considered work- 
able amd remunerative. The miost valuable bed, or seam,, is called the High 
Idain, and is about tvvo yards thick. The next in value is the Bensham seam, 
which is remarkable for its excellent quality as a domestic coal, and for the 
enormous quantity of gas evolved from it m the mine. The Hutton seam is 
of every good quality, and is extensively worked, while the other seams are 
also very valuable. Collieries are, therefore, established chiefly with reference 
to one or more of these three seams. 

What is meant by tlie " Tyne Collieries " is the whole group of collieries, 
whether lying north or south of the Tyne, which ship their coals in that 
river. There are about thirty of these collieries in Northumberland, on the 
northern side of the river, and about tv^-enty in the northern part of Durham, 
on the south side of the river — those in South Durham belong to the Y/ear 
or to the Tees systems. It is curious to look a,t a map in vvhich these collieries 
are laid down. The pits are dotted here and there on both sides of the river, 
being more and more thickly congregated as they approach nearer to its 
banks. These pits are about a hundred in number, two or more in some 
cases belonging to the same colliery. Not less curious is it to trace the 
dotted lines which mark the " ways," one of the most characteristic feature 
in the coal districts. As the river Tyne is the great outlet for nearly all th 
coal derived from the Tyne collieries, notwithstanding the spread of the rail 
way system, some means must be adopted for reaching the river, but how is 



4< 



THE COLLIEEIES. 127 

this to be effected ? The colliery may be six or eight miles distant, and the 
sm'face-gTound may belong to other parties. Long before passenger raihvays 
were heard of, raihyays, or tramways, w^ere laid clown to facilitate the carriage 
of coals in trucks from the pits to the river, and we find these tramways fol- 
lowing the best route which lies open to them. Now, it is obvious that some 
arrangement must be made with the landed proprietors in these matters, 
and, in truth, these arrangements are often a grave question to the coal 
owners. Although the expense of the mining operations is so great — although 
the establishment of a first-rate colliery, with its machinery, horses, waggons, 
etc. amounts to a sum varying from £40,000 to £150,000 — although the 
capital employed by the Tyne coal owners is so large^ yet the "way leaves," or 
" way rents," are an additional feature beyond all these, without which not a 
ton of coal can be brought to market. 

The character of the pitmen, the nature of their labour, the relations 
between them and their employers — all are dependant, more or less, on the 
mode in which the coal is distributed under the surface of the ground. To 
these deep-lying coals, therefore, we must ask the reader to pay an imaginary 
visit. 

First, then, how to descend? We see a vertical hole, or pit, pitcliy dark, 
and surmounted by wheels to facilitate the raising of coal from the bottom of 
the shaft. Into one of the "tubs," or " buckets," used for this purpose, we 
must now contrive to get, a matter which requires no small amount of nerve 
to effect. If the bottom of the bucket should give vs&j, or the rope break, 
or — but it is fearful to speculate on such ifs, when you are swinging over 
a depth of several hundred feet. Now we are descending. It is said by those 
wdio ascend in balloons, that no feeling of motion is perceptible but that the 
earth seems to be flying away from them, while they are perfectly still and 
motionless. T'.Iuch the same may be said, in reverse, in descending a coal 
shaft. You have no idea of descent, but the little round hole of light seems 
to be flj'ing faster and faster over your head upwards, as if it were going to 
the skies, and at length — in a couple of minutes, perhaps — the orifice of the 
shaft has apparently turned itself into a day star, which shines far, far above 
you in the firmament. 

Arrived at tlie bottom of the pit, what do v/e see ? Nothing, or nothing 
but " darkness made visible." Every vestige of daylight is effectually shut 
out, and it requires some time to accustom one s eyes to the light of the 
candles, which appear as mere sparks or points of light in the midst of intense 
darkness. By degrees, however, our eyes become accustomed to the strange 
scene, and men are discerned moving about in galleries, or long pas- 
sages, working in positions which would break the back of any ordinary 
workman, while boys and horses are seen to be engaged in bringing the coal 
to the mouth of the pit. Some of these horses go through the whole of their 
career without seeing the light of day — tliey are born in the pit, reared in 
the pit, and die in the pit. 

A coal mine, as you now perceive, is not simply a pit with coals at the 
bottom of it. The shaft is merely an entrance, from the bottom of which 



138 HISTORY OF NORTHUMBEELAXD. 

passages radiate to a great distance. These passages are cut in the coal 
"seam " and are a natural result of the manner in which the coal is worked. 
If the whole of a coal-seam were to be excavated at once, the cavity left would 
be so large that the earthen roof would fall for want of support, hence it is 
requisite to leave portions called " pillars," to support the superincumbent 
weight, and the self-interest of the coal-owner leads him to limit the size of 
these pillars as much as consistent with safety. Passages lead between and 
around these pillars, and iron tramv/ays are laid along the passages, to 
facilitate the removal of the buckets of coal from the workings to the upright 
shaft. Speaking of the timidity which often prevents persons from visiting 
these striking scenes where the pitman pursues, 

" Howe'er the dayliglit smiles or night storms rave, 
His dangerous labour, deeper than the grave ; 
Alike to him whose taper's flickering ray 
Creates a dubious subterranean day, 
Or whether climbs the sun his noontide track, 
Or starless midnight reigns in coif of black; 
Intrepid still, though buried at his Avork, 
Where ambush'd death and hidden dangers lurk !" 

JMr. Holland, in his " History of Fossil Fuel," remarks, " But if courage 
be required to enter a coal-mine at ordinary depths, it is in descending the 
frightfully deep pits in the neighbourhood of Newcastle, that sensations border- 
ing on the awful are inevitably experienced, and in traversing, at such pro- 
found depths, the endless galleries into which shafts ramify, the visitor is 
struck by the perfection of plans adapted to lessen, as much as pos*sible, the 
risk which the pitmen run." 

" Much is thought," say the author of " Our Coal Folds and our Coal Pits," 
of visiting the ruinous sites of renowned cities, where men can walk over wild 
wastes of solitary sand, and where, some centuries before, other men walked 
over smiling fields, or through long and populous streets, and by ship-beaiing 
rivers, with all the marks of thriving commerce. The mind grows melancholy 
in conjuring up, upon the plain of now unprofitable sands, the once living 
multitude, the thronging idlers of the market-place, the vivid and impassioned 
orators of the forum and senate — the meditative philosophers of the grove, the 
academy, and the schools — the long lines of vanished villas, and of gilded 
palaces, and all the triumphs of successful war — of thriving places, and of 
monarchical splendour. Where are now^ all these things — all these men ? 
Nothing but* tumbled stone and marble images, ruined and mutilated, now 
remaining — not a relic of profit — not a fruit of their lives — not a single heir- 
loom of all their arts, and wars, and trades and schools, come down to posterity ! 
They are as though they had never lived upon this changeful earth. We can- 
not even till the fields, and fertilise the ground, with aught they have left — 
not even their bones to make manure. And their images and statues ? Well, 
a few half-broken ones may find their way to the halls of London and Paris. 
But the men, the women, the children? Not one useful result of theii* 
lives — their name, their deeds, their loves, their animosities— all gone out 
like the little flame of a taper ! The bones of the mighty dead, indeed ! 



THE C0LLIEKIE3. 129 

" But here -^e are in the homes of the mighty dead, in the catacombs of 
Vegetable Giants. We are treading the streets of more than a buried city of 
men and monuments. No storied arches are these — no marble busts are 
breathing stony life here — no mouldering bones, no shrivelled mummies of 
Egyptian cats, no dried ibis — are here — no illegible inscriptions are standing 
or lying here. No spoils of rapine, no relics of royalty, no fragments of 
luxurious appliances are here, but all around us are the relics of innumerable 
forms of vegetation, which flourished and waved largely and luxuriantly in the 
warm breezes, long before Egypt was dreamt of, or Nineveh knew Nimrod, or 
Athens knew Theseus or Athene, or Kome knew Romulus, or — to begin 
aright — Adam knew Eden. Every tree and plant whose ruins are here com- 
pressed into these beds of coal, was ante-paradisaical — was green and was wood 
centuries upon centuries before Eden had her first rose, and Eve her first 
walk amidst admired and admiring flowers !" 

Coal mines can be used for other purposes besides the ostensible one for 
which they were sunk, for we find that Professor Airey, the astronomer royal, 
and his assistants, have lately made a series of experiments, in Harton Coal- 
pit, the deepest mine on the Tyne, with a view to ascertain some facts with 
regard to the density of the earth and the action of the pendulum. Experi- 
ments were conducted in the bowels of the earth and on the surface simul- 
taneously, and are reported to have been of a most interesting character. 

The WoEKiNa and Management, Discipline and Duties of a Coal- 
MiNE. — The persons engaged in a colliery are subdivided into a greater number 
of classes than might perhaps be supposed, and, generally speaking, the 
technical designations of these classes are more significant than is usually 
observable in other industrial occupations, but some of them sound strangely 
enough to the ears of the uninitiated. They are distinguished into the two 
great groups of "under-ground" and "upper-ground" establishments, the for- 
mer engaged in the pit, and the latter in conducting the open air arrangements. 
The chief of them are occupied in a way which may be illustrated in the 
following connected ^iew. 

The actual coal digger is called the hewer. "Whether the seam be so narrow 
that he can hardly creep into it on hands and knees, or whether it be lofty 
enough for him to stand upright in, he is the responsible workman who loosens 
the coal from its bed, all the arrangements below ground are made to suit him, 
he is indeed the key of the pit, the centre of the minhig system. The hewers 
are like the cabinet council of the country, governing and directing and work- 
ing for the whole pit population besides. Next to them come the imtters, 
who are divided into trams, headsmen, foals, and haJf-marroivs. These are 
all youths or children, and their employment consists in dragging or pushing 
the coal from the workings to the passages where horses are capable of being 
employed in the work. The distance that a corve, or basket of coal, is 
dragged in this manner, averages about a hundred and fifty yards. When a 
boy drags or " puts" a load by himself he is designated a tram., when two boys 
of unequal age and strength assist each other, the elder is called a headsman 
and the younger a foal, and when two boys of equal age and strength help each 

I 



130 HISTORY OP KORTHtlMBERLAXD. 

otlier, both are styled half -marrows. "^Ylieu the corves are '-put" to a particular 
place, where a crane is fixed, the crane-man manages the crane by which the 
corves are transferred from the tramway to the rolleys, and keeps an account 
of the number so transferred. The corf is a wicker-work basket, containing 
from four to seven hundred weights, the roUeif is a waggon for transporting 
the corves from the crane to the shaft, and the rolleyicay is a road, or path, 
sufficiently high for a horse to walk along it with the rolley, and is kept in 
repair by the rolleyii: ay-men. The driver takes charge of the horse, which 
draws the rolley, and the on-setter is stationed at the bottom of the shaft, to 
hook and unhook the corves and tubs which have descended or are about to 
ascend the shaft. 

Without troubling the reader with any extended or scientific details, the 
following observations will give him some notions of ventilating and lighting 
a coal-mine. The seams of coal, and the apertures where such seams have 
been, often give out carburetted hydrogen and other gases, which,- when 
mixed with common air, become very explosive. Hence it is important to 
drive these gases out of the mine as quickly as possible, and this can only be 
effected by causing a current of air to pass constantly through the workings. 
A complete system, as now adopted at the best collieiies, comprises the 
downcast-shaft for the descent of fresh air, the upcast-shaft for the ascent of 
vitiated air, well-planned galleries, doors, and valves, throughout the whole of 
the mine, and a iurnae©"-^t the bottom of the upcast-shaft to heat the air, 
and cause it to ascend more rapidly. In some collieries the an' is made to 
traverse an extent of thirty miles of galleries and passages. In former times 
the dangerous contaminated passages were lighted only by sparks struck from 
a small instrument called a " steel-mill," but the beautiful safety lamp or 
" Davy," as the miners famiharly call it, has superseded this. In this lamp 
the flame is sm'rounded by a wire gauze, having very fine meshes, through 
Vv^hich the air must pass to feed it, and, if the air be inflammable, the flams 
is confined within the gauze envelope, for the iron wire cools the gas too 
much to permit the flame to exist on the outside of the gauze. If the lamp 
be properly tended, it is one of the most precious boons that science ever gave 
to industry, if it be neglected, as it often is by the miners, those explosions 
take place which so frequently give rise to such fearful results, 

A good plan of the works, vvith adequate ventilating power, will not ensure 
safety in a colliery unless there be a vigilant administration of all tbe mining 
- affairs, united with due subordination, constant inspection, and effective 
discipline. It is not too much to say, that the daily work of a colliery should 
be conducted on the supposition that danger is always to be looked for, and 
always to be provided against. The great Newcastle mines may be said to be 
established upon a system of effective and excellent disciphne, which has been 
arrived at by degrees, and has been much improved within a comparatively 
recent period. Few collieries are now found without regular maps, which are 
on a large scale, and show the extent as well as the progress of the workings, 
the courses of the air, and the lines of dislocation in the strata, sections of 
which are generally formed, and sometimes adorn the office walls, while large 



THE COLLIERIES, 131 

drawings of furnaces, shafts, engineering arrangements, &c., are now fre- 
quently under keeping of the managers at the collieries. 

The actual condition of the mine may at any minute be known to the resi- 
dent viewer or the consulting vieiver, — the former of whom_ is supposed to be, 
and very generally is, familiar, by daily visits, with every part of the works, 
and is personally acquainted with all the workmen. A practice is now 
becoming general of making the most eminent vievv^ers in the district con- 
sulting viewers, and, therefore, the highest authorities of two or three prin- 
cipal or lesser mines, which they visit periodically. The general charge of 
the mining operations is delegated to the under vieiver, who is expected to 
examine the mine daily, and, in addition to his ovvii personal inspection of the 
workings — the waste, the state of the air courses, and the quantity of air 
passing in the different currents, the ventilation, and the state of the mine 
generally, — he is to receive a daily report from the overmen and master waste- 
men on the workings and operations under their charge. As the result of his 
own observations, and of the reports made to him, he is to take measures for 
correcting irregularities and for obviating all discoverable sources of danger. 
The viewer is his superior officer, to whom he must, from time to time, and 
instantly, in all cases of emergency, make reports. The overmen have the 
charge of the working of the pit, and more especially of the safety of the 
men, whence their name. Their duty is to attend to the lighting of the pit, 
inspect the lamps, direct whatever candles or lamps-shall be used in exploring 
drifts or while working, and see that lamps are always used in pillar working. 
They are assisted by deputies, whose duty it is to go into the pit every morn- 
ing, one hour before the hewers, to examine every v/orking place in the pit, 
and especially to ascertain that it is in a safe working condition. They also 
examine all safety lamps, and lock them so that the men cannot tamper with 
them. No hewer is allowed to enter his w^orking place until it has been 
examined by the deputy of his district. To the deputies also belong the 
laying of the tramways, the securing of the workings by timber, &c. Besides 
these ofS.cers, there are the master masteman and his assistants, who travel 
daily in the waste, or old workings of the pit, see that the air courses are 
everywhere in good order, remedy falls of the roof, build or prop up where 
requisite, remove impediments to the movements of the air, and generally 
attend to the precautions of good ventilation. Two wastemen, travelling 
together, go over the whole of the v/aste at least once a week. At the close 
of each day's labour, the deputies see all the men and boys out of their 
respective work-places, and examine that no lights are left in the pit, that 
the doors are closed, and that the ventilation is in good order. In addition to 
the varieties of pitmen which we have mentioned, there are numerous others, 
such as furnace-nien, Jwrse-keejJers, lamp-keepers, shifters, su-itch-]:eepcrs, trajJ- 
pers, ivay- cleaners, and wood and water leaders. 

Many of these strange designations find a place in the popular songs and 
stories of the colliery district — songs and stories which are like an unknown 
tongue to the stranger, until he acquires some knowledge of the vocabulary 
in which they are composed. We subjoin a specimen of a pitman's song : — 



13^ HISTORY OF ^'OETHOIBE ELAND. 

" As me and my maiToiiv -was ganging to vrsivk, 
We met with the de'il, it was in the dark; 
I np vrith my pick, it being in the neit, 
I knocked off his horns, likewise his club feet I 

Follow the horses, Johnny my lad oh ! 

Follow them through, my canny lad oh! 

FoUow the horses, Johnny my lad oh ! 

Oh laddy away, canny lad oh ! 

As me and my marrow was putting the tram, 
The low it went out, and my marrow went wrang ; 
You would have laugh'd had you seen the gam, — 
The de'il gat my marrow, but I gat the tram. 
Follow the horses," &o. 

From the enuraeratiou of tlie officers and men given above, the reader ^Yill 
plainly perceive, that coUiers are not merely black-faced diggers and shovellers, 
who attack the coal wherever they meet with it, and roam about in a dark pit, 
to seek their coaly fortunes. All is pre-arranged and systematic, every one 
knows exactly whither he is to go, and what he has to do. But the above 
list, formidable as it appears, does by no means include all those engaged at a 
colhery — they are nearly all of them the " underground " hands, who could 
not transmit the coal to market without the aid of the " upperground " 
estabHshmcnt, which comprises hanksmen, brakesmen, icaiters, trimmers, 
staithmen, screen-trappers, and many others. 

Hard as a pitman's life seems to be, yet it is agi'eed by those who knew 
the Northumbrian collieries half a century ago, that it was then much more 
laborious. The following is the description given of it by a Newcastle 
merchant, who had himself experienced the severity of boyish labour some 
forty or fifty years since. His description of that period was sad indeed, and 
it was very detailed. Then, according to his account, the boy would go into 
the pit to work at two o'clock on IMonday morning, and arrive at his home 
between eight and ten at night, entirely exhausted. He would again repair 
to work the next morning at the same hour, half asleep, and sometimes half 
naked. This continued through the week, and he would not see much day- 
light from Sunday till the next Saturday afternoon. Although this state 
of things might not be permanent as regarded the long hom's, yet the labour 
was always extreme, and two boys were often bound to "put" together, without 
the adequate strength, this led to quarrels between unequally matched boys, 
and though these were sometimes brothers, fights and foul language were 
frequent among them. One great cause of improvement was the employment 
of metal or iron plates for the trains to run upon, and another was the blasting 
of coal with powder. Before this, the boys had often to drag their coal over 
a fir plank, or even the bare floor, but now the whole way is laid with metal 
plates, even up to the face of the workings, and by this improvement one boy 
can perform the previous work of two. 

The lessees of coal, as well as the proprietors who work their own royalties, 
are very wealthy. The capital employed in winning and working the three 
lai'gest coal concerns are not less than £-500,000 each. These establishments 



I 



WIE COLLIEEIES. 133 

may each comprise from six to t\Yelve separate mines, and all the respective 
engines, waggons, horses, &c. The winning of a single colliery, all things 
included, will cost from £50,000 to £80,000, and even as high as £200,000 
in extreme cases. These observations apply chiefly to the great partnerships 
and to the grandees of the trade, such as Lord Londonderry's trustees, the 
Countess of Durham's executors, the Great Hetton Coal Company, Lord 
Eavensworth and partners, in all of which there can be little doubt that the 
capital sunk, with machinerj^ and plant, must approach to £500,000 each. 
The second rank collieries may perhaps equal £200,000. The third class 
concerns may be reckoned as single pits, with capitals of from £40,000 to 
£60,000 each, while the fourth and most numerous class of collieries may 
require from £8,000 to £25,000 each. These are generally engaged in the 
coasting trade, and for the supply of the steam-coal to London, and local 
manufactories of various kinds. There are still smaller collieries, but they 
are chiefly for land sale, and do not supply the general markets. 

The Pitmen, their Dwellings, Habits, and Peculiaeities. — The 
pitmen are in every sense a peculiar race, and strange indeed is their manner 
of life; passed, as it is, in the bowels of the earth, shut out from the light of 
day. From early boyhood to old age their thoughts and occupations are wdth 
coal, — consequently, their knowledge of the world, beyond the colliery district, 
is very limited, and an occasional journey to any place beyond Newcastle, is 
quite an event in their monotonous lives. 

The working classes, in many parts of England, possess houses better than 
their furniture, but among the pitmen of the north the case is reversed, the 
furniture is generally better than the dwellings. A colliery village usually 
consists of houses built in pairs, which are placed in rows. The space 
between the fronts of the houses, forming the street, is unpaved and undrained, 
but that between the backs of the houses not unfrequently exhibits a joint- 
stock dust-heap and dung-hill running along the avenue, flanked here and 
there by pig-sties and heaps of coal. The pitmen's houses are erected either 
by the coal-owners, or by certain petty companies, who speculate in the build- 
ing and letting of them to the proprietors of the colliery, at rates varying from 
three to four pounds per annum. As these houses are erected for tbe con- 
venience of the men employed in the pits, in the neighbourhood of which tbey 
are situated, it follows as a necessary consequence, that when the pits are 
abandoned, the villages are abandoned also, and in such cases they present a 
most desolate appearance. The houses may be divided into three classes, 
the first, or best class, possess two rooms on the ground floor, with u kind of 
loft above, the next class have only one room on the ground floor, with a loft 
above, while the third possess only a single room. Some of the villages, are 
of a superior character, but the average seem to be about on a level with those 
here described. Yet these dwellings contain, for the most part, better furni- 
ture than is to be found in similar houses elsewhere. Eight-day clocks, 
mahogany chests of drawers, and four-post bedsteads, are said to have become 
quite a common object of ambition among the pitmen, and as forming items 
for consideration at the time of marrying. 



134 HISTOEY OF NOETHUMBEELAXD. 

It might naturally be expected that the very unnatural position in which 
the children employed in the pits are placed, and their exclusion from daylight 
and the open air, would materially influence their physical health, not only at 
the time, but would so affect their constitutions as to render them liable to 
particular forms of disease in after life. Nevertheless, experience will not 
warrant the inference that any very pernicious effects result from these cir- 
cumstances, in such numerous instances as to justify anything like a general 
conclusion. Consumption is rare amongst pitmen ; scrofula certainly not 
more frequent than among other classes of workmen, though doubtless cases 
of this description sometimes occur, and the gi'eat joints are occasionally 
affected. That the health of the boys is for the most part good, their favour- 
able recovery from severe wounds and other accidents sufficiently proves, and 
though their persons are thin and their complexions pale, their general 
appearance is muscular and athletic. 

The " outward man" distinguishes the pitman from every other operative. 
His stature is diminutive, his figure disproportionate and misshapen, his legs 
being much bowed, and his chest protruding, while liis arms are long, and 
oddly suspended. His countenance is not less striking than his figure, his 
cheeks being generally hollow, his brow overhanging, his cheek-bones high, 
and his forehead low and retreating. " I have seen," says Mr. Morrison, 
" agricultural labourers, blacksmiths, carpenters,- and even those among the 
wan and distressed stockiucr- weavers of Nottinohamshire, to whom the term 
'jolly' might not be inaptly applied, but I never saw a jolly-looking pitman." 
The same gentleman partly traces this to the fact, that the whole of the 
pitmen have been pit-boys at an early age, during which the form is injured 
by the cramped positions occupied by the boys in the mine, but he also 
adduces other reasons: — "Pitmen have always lived in communities, they 
have associated only among themselves, even their amusements are hereditary 
and peculiar. They almost invariably intermarrj-, and it is not uncommon, 
in their marriages, to commingle the blood of the same family. They have 
thus transmitted natural and accidental defects through a long series of gene- 
rations, and may now be regarded in the light of a distinct race of beings." 

Everybody seems- to award credit to the wives of the pitmen as being inde- 
fatigable in their exertions to keep everything right and tidy at home, so far 
as the arrangements of the houses and the employment of the people will 
permit. The household duties of a pitman's wife are veiy numerous. The 
male portion of her family may be divided into " putters " and " hewers," 
the former going to the mines when the latter leave, and the hours of labour 
and rest are consequent!}^ not the same, thus there is entailed the necessity of 
preparing numerous meals, and at irregular and various hours of the day. 
Every man and boy, immediately on coming from his work, changes his dress 
or goes to bed, after taking a meal and washing himself from head to 
foot. The flannel dress, too, in which the pit work is done, has to be sub- 
jected prett}'- frequently to the action of soap and water. Mr. Morrison, the 
gentleman above quoted, gives the following picture of the manner of li\ing 
among the pitmen :-— " The children of colliers are comfortably and decently 



f 



THE COLLIERIES. 135 

clotlied. Cleanliness, both in their persons and houses is a predominant 
feature in the domestic economy of the better females of this community. 
The children, although necessarily left much to themselves, and playing much 
in the dirt, are never sent to bed without am.ple ablution. Pitmen, of all 
labouring classes I am acquainted with, enjoy most the pleasure of good 
living. Their larders abound in potatoes, bacon, fresh meat, sugar, tea, and 
coffee, of which good things the children partake as abundantly as the 
parents — even the sucking infant, to its prejudice, is loaded with as much of 
the greasy and well-seasoned viands of the table as it will swallow. In this 
respect the women are foolishly indulgent, and I know of no class of persons 
among whom infantile diseases so much prevail. Durham and Northumber- 
land are not dairy counties, consequently the large population, excepting the 
hinds in the northern part of Northumberland, are very inadequately supplied 
with milk. Did this wholesome and nutritious beverage more abound, 
probably the infant population would be more judiciously fed." 

If we follow the pitmen to Newcastle — their great metropolis — we find 
them still a characteristic race. Their velveteen dresses, with large and 
shining metal buttons, distinguish them from the rest of the population. Mr. 
Holland states that the pitmen used formerly, perhaps more so than at 
present, to delight in gaudy colours. Their holiday waistcoats, called by 
them 2^osey jackets, were frequently of very curious patterns, displaying 
flowers of various hues, and their stockings were blue, purple, or even pink or 
mixed colours. Many of them used to have their hair very long, which, 
on week-days, was either tied in a queue, or rolled up in curls, but when 
dressed in their best attire, it was commonly spread over their shoulders. 
Some of them wore two or three narrow ribbons round their hats, placed at 
equal distances, in v/hich it was customary to insert one or more bunches 
of primroses or other flowers. Such were the pitmen of past days, and 
many of their holiday peculiarities still remain. 

In concluding this somewhat lengthy article, we cannot do better than 
insert the folio vfing remarks of Professor Ansted, on the " Dangers of Coal 
Mining :" — 

" Coal in this country is obtained at a serious expense and risk of human 
life. It often happens that, on taking up a newspaper, we see that another 
explosion from fire-damp has taken place in some coal-mine, and that ten, 
twenty, fifty, or a hundred of the workmen have been hurried, unprepared, into 
eternity. Some we read — and these are not the greatest sufferers — have been 
destroyed at once, burnt to death by the explosion itself, so that no human 
power, no system could, perhaps, have saved them. But a larger proportion 
have been found at a distance. They were performing their task some 
hundreds of yards off, they heard the shock, they felt that they were doomed 
men, they rushed aj; once to the pit bottom, but, cut off by the want of a 
direct communication, their only chance was to reach the main gallery, and 
try if, by any happy accident, they might escape. But the moment they 
arrived at this point, they found the effects of the explosion, the fearful after- 
damp already on its way before them. They are stopped by this invisible, 



136 HISTORY OP KORTHUMBERLANB . 

intangible, but fatal and impassable barrier. Some throw themselves upon the 
ground, and creep on for a few yards in the vain hope of escape. Some, in 
hopeless despair, await the advance of destruction. Such is the simple history 
of the whole event. One single inspiration of the after-damp produces con- 
vulsions in the throat, and is the almost certain precursor of instant death. So 
that it rarely happens that any person escapes to tell the sad tale. Is it not a 
question, then, worthy of consideration whether, by any method that could be 
adopted, these lives might be preserved? For whom do these men suffer? 
Their widows and orphans, their mothers, their sisters, and their friends have 
a right to call upon every one of us who benefit by their labours, but take 
no thought of their dangers and sufferings. They labour for our benefit. We 
induce them to run these risks, and are bound to weigh carefully the great 
social relatixDns which impose it as a duty upon us to improve their condition. 
Each event of this kind concerns us all, and we are all, without exception, 
responsible in our degree, for if a sufficient interest was felt and expressed in 
this matter, it would not be allowed to go on as it does from accident to ac- 
cident. That the subject is obscure and difficult, is not a sufiicient reason 
that it should be neglected, and because the sufferers are patient, the place 
of the accident far removed, and the objects of it beyond the sphere of our 
immediate exertions — because few amongst us have visited a coal-mine, and 
know nothing of the danger personally, we are not therefore at liberty to let 
the matter take its course without an attempt to do good. Some pity should 
be felt, and some sympathy also expressed for those whose lives are spent, 
and whose deaths may be caused in providing us with the means of comfort 
and enjoyment. Let us think seriously how much we owe to them — the comfort 
of the fireside, that essential requisite to home enjoyment — the luxuries that 
surround us — the facilities of travelling — the use of and interest in all machinery 
and manufactures — all these we owe to the coal miner, and then think how 
little we do for him in return. He must daily descend some hundred yards into 
the bowels of the earth, traversing many miles of low subterranean passages, 
performing his task in the most inconvenient posture, in an atmosphere always 
impure and choked with dust, if not actually dangerous — lighted by a small 
candle, or by the yet fainter glimmer penetrating the meshes of a wire gauze — 
and then from time to time, exposed to the chance of these accidents. He 
troubles not our repose — the tale of his distress hardly reaches our ears — 
he is poor — he is far away — he dies^ — ^^but he is our fellow-creature and our 
fellow-countryman. Each one among us is related to him by many bonds, 
and it is our duty to see that every practicable method is adopted to improve 
his condition. And if the dangers that surround him must still remain, in 
spite of all our exertions — if the terrible accidents from explosions must 
sometimes occur, still we have a duty to perform, for we are bound to use every 
means to diminsh their frequency and extent, and to take away, if possible, 
from their frightful results. This duty is one, not only affecting the legislature, 
but every individual amongst us, for all may in someway, either directly or 
indirectly, have influence upon those upon whom ultimately the responsibility 
of so great an act of public justice must fall." 



HIYEBS, RAILWAYS, ETC. 137 

Lead, Irox, &c. — The lead district is a bleak and rugged region of moun- 
tains, extending from Northumberland and Durham into Cumberland and 
Westmoreland, and thence to the extremity of Derbyshire, being about 160 
miles in extent. The veins, however, partly lie so low that they are unprofit- 
able. The richest mining-fields in Northumberland are at AUenhead and 
Coalcleugh, where the mine-measures dip to the north-east, about one yard in 
twenty-seven. These, with the other lead-mines in the parish of Allendale, 
produce on an average about 2,500 tons of lead per annum. The richest 
mineral depository is the " rake vein," or perpendicular mineral fissure. The 
principal veins in this county extend nearly east and west, whilst the cross 
veins run north and south, and are very irregular in their depth and breadth. 
Iron ore is found both in the coal and lead districts. Immense quantities of 
iron pyrites lie embedded in the strata of indurated clay through all the coal- 
field, and are profitably supplied from the collieries to the iron-works in the 
coal districts. Ironstone is also abundant in the shale of the lead-mines, and 
zinc ores abound in most of the plumbiferous veins. Copper is also found in 
these and the coal-measures, but it will not repay working. A narrow strip 
of millstone-grit runs north-eastward, dividing the coal-fields in this county, 
and is followed by a still narrower belt of limestone strata, running from the 
north-eastern border of the lead-district north of Hexham to the German 
ocean at Alnmouth. The millstone-grit also runs southward into Durham, 
and is the source whence the celebrated Newcastle grind-stones are derived. 
Trap-rocks occur in the coal-formations and a small district along the Tweed 
is occupied by the new red sandstone. 



EIVERS, RAILWAYS, &c. 

Few counties can boast of finer rivers than Northumberland. The 
Tyne, Tweed, Blyth, Wansbeck, Coquet, and Aln are all capable of 
receiving large vessels. The Tyne is formed by the united streams of tlie 
North and South Tyne, the former of which, rising in the disputed border 
territories of Scotland, passes the town of Bellingham, and a little to the 
north of Hexham is joined by the South Tyne, which, rising in Knaresdale, 
in the county of Cumberland, flows past the town of Haltwhistle, and joins 
the North Tjne at the place just mentioned. This river is not indeed so 
broad and majestic as the Thames or the Mersey, but is, nevertheless, a noble 
stream. Before it reaches Newcastle it passes through a wild and somewhat 
picturesque country, between high and pleasant banks, and amidst localities 
marked by historic events of the highest interest. On bold heights overlook- 
ing it, stand the dismantled and shattered castles of the once mighty Baliols, 
the Umfravilles, the Herons, the Riddells, the Blenkiusopps, the 131acketts, 
the unfortunate Derwentwater, and other warrior races, whose descendents are 
now in comparative obscurity. In its neighbourhood, Komans, Britons, and 
Scots, have left their memories, and traces of their abodes and battles may still 

I 2 



138 HISTOEY OF NOETHUMBEELAND. 

be observed, while Corbridge, and Hexbam, and Stella Haugh are names not to 
be forgotten on its banks. This is enough for war, doubtless its waters were 
often stained with blood — now, however, they are more innocently, and with 
far greater profit, dyed with coal. With this river we may also associate the 
name of the great teacher of religion, literature, and science, the truly 
Venerable Bede. But religious contemplation and feudal grandeur, as well 
as war having given way to coal, and in connection with the prosperity which 
the vast developement of coally wealth has occasioned all along its banks, 
downward from Newcastle, all kinds of manufactories may be observed located 
upon it or in its immediate neighbourhood. Sailing or steaming down the 
Tyne to Shields, we see bottle houses, flint-glass works, crown-glass houses, 
plate-glass works, lead works, iron works, steam-engine manufactories, chemical 
works, and all indeed that can reflect, cleanse, or convey, and perhaps cure, 
the body of man, as well as very much that will interest his mind. The coal, 
however, is its principal burden, and along its banks more of coal than of 
nature is observable. The staiths and their vast extent of woodv/ork, of 
which we shall speak more minutely hereafter, are observable, and close 
to those staiths are innumerable vessels and boats, loading or laden with 
coal. 

On the Tyne, the coals used to be carried from the staiths to the ships 
almost entirely in a kind of oval vessels called keels, of which considerable 
numbers are still employed in bringing down the produce of the collieries, 
situated above Newcastle bridge, to the ships lying about Shields, and which 
do not load at any of the staiths between those places. A keel is considered 
to contain, by admeasurement, eight Newcastle chaldrons. The coals, when 
large, are generally piled iu the vessel according to convenience, and then 
sm^all, deep side-boards are added, within which the coal is heaped np, but in 
some cases, w^here the coal is tender, tubs are employed. Eight of these 
tubs being placed in a keel, go to the vessel, into which the tub is lifted by 
means of a crane, and when immediately over the hatchway, the trap-door is 
loosened, and the contents let down into the ship without injury. The keels 
themselves are built after an ancient model, and in connection with the men 
who man them, aud their arrangements, present striking features in the naviga- 
tion of the river. They are steered by a large kind of oar at the stern, called 
a swape, while a kind of pole, called a jmy is employed to push them on in 
shallow^ water. The captain of the keel is called the skip2Jer, and his cabin is 
the Jmddock. When the water is so shallow as to render the use of sails or 
oars inconvenient, the keels are propelled in the following manner. One 
man on each side of the vessel going towards the prow thrusts his pole or 
puy in the muddy bed of the river, rests the upper end against his shoulder, 
and walks along the vessel from stem to stern — thus making the puy serve 
as a lever to propel the boat. When the wind is favourable the keel is navi- 
gated with a square sail, but more nsually there are employed two long oars, 
one worked at the side in the usual way, by two or three men, and the other, 
the swape, at the stern. The wives and daughters of the keelmen have the 
office of sweeping the keels, from which they derive the title of k^eUleeters, and 






Un^EES, EAILWAYS, ETC. 139 

receire the sweepings for their pains. The fund which the keelmen have 
estabhshed for mutual relief during sickness and old age, and also for the 
relief of their widows and children, is highly honourable to them. 

They live about Sandgate and Quay-side, and many of them reside at 
Dunston, two or three miles from Newcastle. In their blue jackets, flannel 
breeches, and blue stockings, they form an unmistakeable body, and, like the 
pitmen, they have their songs, their odd stories, and their oddities of many 
other kinds. In the following song the allusion to Sandgate fixes the locality 
to Newcastle : — 

" As I went up Sandgate, np Sandgate, up Sandgate, 
As I Avent np Sandgate, I heard a lassie sing : 
Weel may the keel row, the keel row, the keel row, 
Weel raay the keel row, that my laddie's in. 

" He wears a blue bonnet, blue bonnet, blue bonnet, 
He wears a blue bonnet, a dimple in his chin ; 
And weel may the keel row, the keel row, the keel row, 
And weel may the keel row that my laddie's in." 

And here is another, in which the lady celebrates her lover's blackness in a 
way that speaks very much of coals : — 



My bonnie keel-laddie, for me, oh i 
He sits in his keel, as black as the de'il, 
And he brings the v/hito money to me, oh !" 

Some other keelmen's songs that we have heard are neither poetical nor 
polite, but we may add another stanza of another edition of the " Keel row :" 

" He's na mair of learning 
Than tells his weekly earning ; 
Yet reet from wrang discerning, 
The' brave, no bruiser he. 
Tho' he not worth a plack is, 
His own coat on his back is. 
And none can say that black is 
The white o' Johnny's ee !" 

The custom was, a few years ago, for the keelmen to meet annually, to 
celebrate the establishment of their hospital, perambulating the town with 
bands of music, playing " Weel may the kefel row." 

There has always been an intimate connection on the Tyne between the 
keelmeji and the hostmen. This latter body was established in the reign of 
Henry IV., and afterwards incorporated by Queen Elizabeth, wdio, having 
tried in vain to get her due of two shillings per chaldron for all coals shipped 
in the Tyne, gave the hostmen a charter, on condition that they would ensure 
to the crov>'n one shilling for every chaldron so shipped. The hostmen were 
a kind of coal-brokers, midway between buyers and sellers, and their brokerage 
appears to have included the whole responsibility of shipping the coal 



140 HISTOEY OF NORTHUMBERLAKD . 

purchased, so that the keelmen were the servants of the hostmen. Down to the 
commencement of the seventeenth century, if not later, the coals were 
brought from the pit's mouth to the staith in waggons along the common 
roads, but this method of conveyance was much improved by the laying down 
of tramroads, or railways, along which the coals are now brought to the Tyne. 
At the ends of these railways, and overhanging the river, a large platform of 
wood is erected, which is called a staith. Upon this the waggons laden with 
coal are brought to a stand, previous to the discharge of their contents into 
the holds of the ships which lie at anchor underneath. Each waggon 
contains about two and a half tons of coals, and when the number of waggons 
has been entered by a clerk appointed for that purpose, they are placed, one 
at a time, on a square open frame, which, on the withdrawal of a bolt, is 
immediately moved from the staith by machinery, until it is suspended over 
the main -hatchway of the vessel, A man also descends with it, then 
unfastens a latch at the bottom of the waggon, Avhich, being made to turn 
upon hinges like a door, immediately opens, and the whole of the coal in the 
waggon is cleanly poured into the hold. To facilitate this operation, the sides 
of the waggon converge towards the bottom, and are lined with smooth iron 
plates. Attached to the suspending machinery are two counterpoising 
weights, which, being less heavy than the waggon laden with coal, do not 
impede, but add steadiness to its descent, and the moment the coal is 
discharged their gravity draws up the waggon to the staith again. This mode 
of loading the vessel is both complete and ingenious. 

The Tweed. — Which, directly or by tributaiies, drains Berwickshire, 
Norhamshire, the north corner of Northumberland, and nearly the whole area 
of the centre and eastern border counties of Scotland, to which country it more 
particularly belongs. In two great head-waters, one of which bears the name 
of Tweed, from its source, while the other is throughout called the Lyne, it 
rises respectively in the south-west and the north-west extremities of Peebles- 
shire, and winding through a course of 30 miles, skirts the northern border 
of Northumberland and falls into the sea at Berwick. Of the 1,500 feet of 
the Tweed's total aggregate fall, from its source to its embouchure, 1,000 are 
achieved when it reaches the town of Peebles. In the very long run between 
that town and the sea, therefore, the river might be expected to become 
sluggish in current, and, over a considerable distance, navigable. But it 
accomplishes its remaining fall of 500 feet in so many and so far-apart and 
so comparatively gentle descents, as to be altogether a stream of beauty, and 
a stranger to matters of commerce. It abounds in deep pools and in long 
stretches of scarcely perceptible current, yet, in almost every sweep of it 
which can come under the eye in the course of its beautiful bends and 
sinuosities, it joresents one or more soft rapids, sometimes of considerable 
length, where the surface of the water is carried along with just sufficient 
speed to feature it all over with dimples, and ripples, and glassy slides, and 
whirls. The banks of gravel or pebbles which form these rapids, render it 
both naturally unfit, and artificially unimprovable for navigation. The tide 
flows up to Norham Castle, tenmiles above Berwick, and to New Waterford 



a 



EIVEilS, EAILWAYS, ETC. 141 

six miles above Ber\\ick there is sufficient depth of water to float at 'any 
time, a vessel of thirty tons burthen. The real navigation of the Tweed, 
however, is confined to^ Berwick. The salmon fisheries on the river were 
formerly of great value, but of late years, they have suffered a depreciation 
to a veiy great amount. 

The Bltth is formed by a number of small streams, which, uniting their 
waters and flowing through Stannington Vale, faU into the sea at Blyth. 

The Waxsbeck is formed by a number of rivulets uniting before they 
reach Moi'peth, and continuing an easterly course to the sea at Camboise. 
Dr. Akenside thus apostrophises this river : — 

" 0, ye Northumbrian shades, which overlook 
The rocky pavement and the mossy falls, 
Of sohtary Wansbeck, hmpid stream ; 
How gladly I recall your well-known seats, 
Beloved of old, and that dehghtful time 
"When all alone, for many a summer's day, 
I wandered through your calm recesses, led 
In silence, by some powerful hand unseen," 

The Coquet rises m the Cheviot hills, in the north-western part of the 
county near the borders of Roxburghshire, and flows gently over a pebbly 
bed to the eastward, through a fine pastoral and picturesque district. After 
many beautiful v^indings it flovfs past the town of Rothbury, and crossing 
the great road between Morpeth and Alnwick, falls into the sea opposite 
Coquet Isle, at a short distance from the castle of A¥arkworth. This river 
is navigable for vessels of from 50 to 100 tons burden, to within a quarter of a 
mile from Warkworth. 

The xIln rises to the west of Alnham, flows through the vale of Whitting- 
ham, passes Huln Abbey, Alnwick, and falls into the sea at Alnmouth. In 
addition to these there are several lakes and cataracts, which add much to 
the beauty of the country. The most remarkable of these waterfalls are 
Linhope-linn near the hill of Little Cheviot, the Chetlup-spout, at the high 
mountain of Reeds-wire, the Hareshaw-linn, near Bellingham, and the 
Tecket, near Simonburn. 

Roads. — Northumberland is intersected by the following principal roads — 
that from London to Edinburgh, enters the county from Gateshead, by Tyne- 
bridge to Newcastle, and runs northward through Morpeth, Alnwick, and 
Belford to Berwick-on-Tweed. A branch road goes off beyond Morpeth and 
proceeds to Edinburgh, by Wooler and Coldstream. Another northern road 
runs from Newcastle, and following almost the line of the old Roman road, 
by the vaUey of the Reed, to Jedburgh, and thence also to Edinburgh. The 
Newcastle and Carhsle road, runs by Hexham and Haltwhistle. These are 
the principal roads throughout the couiit}^, but others traverse it in various 
directions. 

Railroads. — The "iron roads" which traverse Northumberland are the 
York, Newcastle, and Berwick, the Newcastle and Carlisle, and the Blyth and 
Tyne Railvvays. The first mentioned line is an amalgamation of the 



14S HISTOBt 0? NOETHUMBEELAND. 

Newcastle and Daiiiugton, the York and Newcastle, and the Newcastle and 
Berwick Railways, under the powers of Act 10 and 11 Vic, cap. 133. There 
have been also incorporated at various times, by purchase or amalgamation, 
the Durham Junction, the Brandling Junction, the Pontop and South Shields, 
the Durham and Sunderland, Wearmouth Docks, Newcastle and North Shields, 
and Tynemouth Extension, and, by lease the Hartlepool Dock and Railway, 
including'the " Great North of England, Clarence, and Hartlepool Junction." 
It has branches in Northumberland to Tynemouth, Wai-kworth, Alnwick, and 
Kelso, and was opened throughout in 184T. The Northumberland portion of 
this railway, with the High Level bridge and adjacent viaducts, were constructed 
and completed under the directions of Mr. T. E. Harrison, the resident 
engineer, assisted by R. Stephenson, Esq., M.P., consulting engineer. 

Tee Newcastle a?^d Caslisle Railway, which runs across the island, 
pursues the course of the river Tyne to the west of Haltwhistle, and passes 
south of Brampton. It was incorporated in May, 1839, and opened through- 
out in 1839, the length being 77| miles. This line has a branch of 12 
miles to Alston, and one to Swalweil. The construction and execution of this 
railway was directed by Mr. Francis Giles, of London. 

The Blyth and Tyne Railway was formed at different periods. Its first 
section extended from Sighill Colliery to shipping places on the river Tyne, 
at the Hay Hole. This portion was commenced in 1839, and finished in 
] 840, by the owners of Sighill Colliery. The second section was constructed 
by private parties in 1847, and extends from Blyth to the Dairy House, near 
Seaton Delaval. About this time another portion vras formed from Hartley 
New Winning, connecting the first and second sections of the line, thus form- 
ing the Blyth and Tyne Railway which was incorporated by act of parliament 
in 1852. The main line is about 13 miles in length, and has several branches, 
one of which forms a junction with the Tynemouth branch of the York, 
Newcastle, and Berwick Railway, at Percy Main, the others communicate 
with shipping places on the rivers Blyth and Tyne. The shipping places on 
the latter river are within the area of the Northumberland Dock, now in course 
of construction. — See Hoivden toivnsJiip, Wallsend pai'ish. In 1853 the com- 
pany obtained an act authorising the formation of a branch extending from 
Newsham station to the town of Morpeth, and the present year (1854) they 
are applying for power to extend the hue from the Dairy House to Tynemouth, • 
on the one hand, and from Bedlington station, to Longhirst station, on the 
York, Newcastle, and Berwick Railway. The Blyth and Tyne Railway is for 
the conveyance of passengers, merchandise, and coals. 

In 1850, a railway was formed by the Bedlington Coal Company (T. Davison, 
Esq. and partners), extending from the Newsham station, on the Blyth and 
Tyne Railway to Bedlington Colliery, a distance of about three miles. It is 
used for the conveyance of coals from Netherton, Barrington, and Bedlington 
Collieries, to shipping places on rivers Tyne and Blyth. 

Commerce, Manufactures, &g — Newcastle being the great centre of 
Northumbrian commerce and trade, a full account of the exports and 
imports of the county will be found under the head Commerce and 



HISTOKY. 143 

JMaxijfactuees of Newcastle (which see). The coal trade is of course the 
principal source of wealth in this county. Lead, white lead, glass, cast 
and wrought iron, colours, shot, pottery, coal tar, — as also flour, corn, oat- 
meal, potatoes, butter, eggs, pickled salmon, fat cattle, &c. are the principal 
exports — while flax, hemp, masts, timber, pitch, tar, skins, bark, brandy, rum, 
wines, oils, rags, ko.. are the chief imports. Great numbers of the population 
are employed in ropemaking and shipbuilding. 

Charitable Institutions, &c. — These will be found fully noticed in the 
histories of the parishes and towns, where we have given brief but explicit 
accounts and descriptions of the Piihlic Institutions, Almshouses, and benefac- 
tions of each place, in which task we have availed ourselves of the Reports of 
the Commissioners deputed by Parliament to inquire into the State and ApjJro- 
priation of Public Charities in England. This commission ov/ed its existence 
to that indefatigable lawyer and senator Henry Brougham, now Lord Brougham 
and Vaux, who, doubtless, intended it to have been conducted in a more 
effective and less expensive manner, similar to those which had been insti- 
tuted, for the sam^ purpose, in several previous reigns. It commenced 
operations in 1817, but had not finished till 1835 — though in 1827 no less 
than £138,850 had been expended by the nation in salaries to the Com- 
missioners, and other extravagant charges. The reports comprise upvrards 
of thirty large folio volumes, published for the use of Parliament and the 
Public Libraries. It is to be hoped the commission has, in some measure, 
effected the object for which it was instituted, viz., the correction of the 
numerous abuses of public trust. The spirit of all that relates to Northum- 
berland has been transferred to this work. This county is comprised in 
the northern circuit. The assizes and the Epiphany quarter sessions are 
held at Newcastle, the Easter sessions at Morpeth, the Midsummer at 
Hexham, and the Michaelmas at Ahiwick and Berwick. The county jail 
and house of correction is at Morpeth, and there are also houses of correction 
at Alnwick, Hexham, and Tynemouth — all these are for debtors as well as 
criminals. There is a common jail at Newcastle-upon-Tjme, for the county 
of the tov\Ti, for v/iiich see NeY>"castle. 



mSTORY. 

The historical notices concerning the aborigines of Northumberland, 
in the Roman writers, are so unsatisfactory, and the events said by them 
to have occurred in this part of Britain, are so imperfectly narrated, that it 
is almost impossible to describe them continuously. Ptolemy informs us 
that the people inhabiting the eastern side of the county and the adjoining 
parts of Scotland, were called the Otadeni, and those to the west the Oadeni. 
Both these tribes are supposed to have been dependent upon, or confederated 
with, the " azure armed Brigantes," the most powerful and numerous of the 



144 HISTOEY OF KOKTHtJMBEELAND. 

British nations. It was not till the year 80 that Northumberland submitted 
to the Roman yoke, at which period, according to Tacitus, Agricola led his 
invincible legions into the north, and partly by the terror of his arms, and 
partly by the fame of his clemency, induced the natives to yield obedience. 
The conquered territory was secured by garrisons, which were estabhshed on 
every commanding position, and by a chain of forts extending from the Firth 
of Forth to that of Clyde. In the last year of his government, Agricola 
signaUy defeated the Caledonians — but though defeated they were not sub- 
dued, for after his departure they continued to insult the Roman power, 
frequently breaking through the line of forts, and by the success which they 
achieved, rekindled the flame of independence in the breasts of many among 
their countrymen. In less than thirty years the state of Britain had become 
so precarious as to require the presence of the Emperor Hadrian, who 
becoming convinced by experience, that the barrier thrown up by Agricola 
could not confine the northern tribes, resolved to oppose a second barrier to 
theh incursions, by drawing a ditch and rampart across the island, from the 
Solway Frith on the western, to the mouth of the Tjiie on the eastern 
coast. 

Subsequent to this period, the sway of the Romans was subject to consider- 
able resistance from the indignant Britons, till at length irritated by the 
restless spirit of the northern tribes, the Emperor Severus took the field, 
determined to tame the fierceness of the unconquered Caledonians. He con- 
trived to reach the Frith of Cromarty, after losing an immense number of 
his best soldiers, and there received the submission which he had before 
rejected. Unable to conquer the north, he repaired Hadrian's wall and 
vallum, and returned to York, where he died in February, 211, previous to 
which he addressed his sons, Caracalla and Geta, thus : — " I leave you a 
steady and firm government, if you follow my steps, and prove what you 
ought to be, but weak and tottering if you reject my council. Let every part 
of your conduct tend to each other's good, cherish the soldiers, and then you 
can despise the rest of mankind. I found the Republic disturbed, and every- 
where distracted, but to you I leave it firm and tranquil." Then calling for 
the urn in w^hich his ashes were to be deposited, he said, " Thou shalt hold 
what the whole world could not contain." 

After the Avithdrawal of the Roman troops, a variety of petty governments 
rose and fell — famine, pestilence, and the Picts and Scots desolated the 
country. The British chiefs lost all spirit, and, instead of relying on their 
resources to repel the barbarians, they called in the very Saxons and Angles 
who were ravaging their coasts. A formidable body of this latter people 
arrived at Flamborough, in 547, under the command of Ida, " the Ilame 
bearer," who is said to have been the first of the adventurers that assumed 
the kingly title. His dominions consisted chiefly of the province of Bernicia, 
a name given by the Saxons to that portion of the country lying north of the 
river Tyne, and which, during some periods of the Anglo-Saxon government, 
extended as far north as the Frith of Edinburgh. This monarch fixed his 
residence at Bebbauburgh, now Bambrough, a castle which he had built upon 



DEFEAT OF THE SCOTS, . 145 

a lofty promontory, and to whicli he had given that name in honour of his 
consort, Bebba. He obtained the regal title in 547, and reigned twelve 
years. 

His successor, Alia, made considerable additions to the Bernician territo- 
ries, and in his time, ^Ua, one of the chiefs who came over with Ida, 
acquhed the sovereignty of the province of Deira, from which he expelled 
the Britons. Malmesbury tells us that, " in the reign of this monarch, youths 
from Xorthumbria were exposed for sale, after the common and almost native 
custom of this people, so that they w^ould make no scruple of separating the 
nearest ties of relationship through the temptation of the slightest advantage. 
Some of these youths, then, carried from England for sale to Kome, became 
the means of salvation to all their countrymen." Malmesbury here alludes 
to the meeting of Pope Gregory the Great and the Saxon slaves in the 
Eoman market, an account of which will be found at page 48. Alia reigned 
thirty years, and was succeeded by Ethelric, the son of Ida, w^ho enjoyed the 
regal dignity for the short space of five years, and was succeeded by his 
eldest son, Ethelfrid, in whose person the two kingdoms of Bernicia and 
Deira were united. His valour and ferocity were dreaded by all his neigh- 
bours — no less by the Angles of Deira on the south than by the Britons on 
the west, and the Picts on the north. He had for several years ravaged wdth 
fire and sword the British kingdoms of Strath-Clyde and Cumbria, wdien he 
was encountered by the Scots or Irish, an enemy almost as barbarous as 
himself. These people had formed colonies on the promontories of Gallow^xy 
and Argyle, as early as the third centur}^ Many years afterw^ards, on the 
arrival of great numbers of their countrymeu, they were consolidated into a 
kingdom under Fergus, and vanquishiug both the Picts and Britons, Were 
soon complete masters of all the more mountainous districts. Whether they 
still thirsted for conquest, or sought to aid the Britons, or dreading the 
increasing power of the Angles, certain it is, that on the new^s of Ethelfrid 's 
desolating war, ^'dan, the Scottish king, assembled his warriors, traversed 
the land of the Picts, reduced the most northern parts of Bernicia, and 
pushing his inroad as far as he was able, arrayed his forces against those of 
Ethelfrid, at Dalston, near Carlisle. A stubborn and sanguinary contest 
ensued, in whicli Theobald, the brother of Ethelfrid, and a great number of 
the Angles were slain, while the Scottish army Avas almost entirely destroyed. 
For more than a century after this terrible blow, the Scots dreaded the very 
name of the Angles. 

Having in this manner secured his northern frontier, he turned to the 
south, and learning that ^Ua was now dead, took unceremonious jiossession 
of the kingdom of Deira. Edwin, the infant son of the deceased prince, 
was conveyed in safety to* the court of Cadvan, King of North Wales, but 
neither himself nor his host was secure. After some years, his retreat was 
discovered, and his generous protector attacked by the revengeful Ethelfrid. 
Chester was taken, and Baugor on the Dee, celebrated for its monastery of 
two thousand four hundred monks, was reduced to ashes. 

K 



146 : HISTOBY OF NORTHUMBERLAND, 

After Caclyan's defeat, the fugitive prince of Deira wandered for a long 
time without any settled habitation. At last he came to Eedwald, King of 
the East Angles, who, pitting his misfortunes, received him into his protec- 
tion. Shortly after, there came messengers from Ethelfrid, demanding 
either the surrender of Edwin or denouncing hostihties. Determined, by 
the advice of his wife, not to violate through intimidation the laws of friend- 
ship, Redwald raised an army, and resolved to assail the Northumbrian 
before he could collect his forces. Ethelfrid himself was hastening ^dth a 
small but select army to surprise the East Anghan, and was already in the 
neighbourhood of Retford, in Nottinghamshire, when the banners and innu- 
merable spears that rose in endless succession upon the distant horizon, 
warned him to prepare for a very different combat. The Northumbrian, 
disdaining to retreat, rushed forward and destro3"ed the first division of 
Eedwald's army, but, overpowered by numbers, sank at length upon a heap 
of slaughtered enemies. The conquerors hastened to improve their advan- 
tage. By the men of Deira, Edwin was received with acclamations of joy, 
the children of Ethelfrid fled into the north of the island, and the Beniicians 
cheerfully submitted to the good fortune of the son of ^lla. RedAvald, 
having placed liis friend upon the throne of the two kingdoms, returned in 
triumph to his dominions. 

Edwin, in the ninth year of his reign, married Ethelberga, the daughter 
of Ethelbert, lOng of Kent. This princess, ha^dng been promised the free 
exercise of her rehgion, and having at heart the conversion of her husband, 
brought mth her, as her chaplain Paulinus, a Roman missionaiy, who had 
just received the episcopal consecration. Her pious desires were not yet to 
be accomplished. Edwin made no objection to the practice of Christianity 
by Ethelberga, but he himself showed no inchnation to embrace it. It was 
in vain that PauHnus preached — that the queen entreated — that Pope Boni- 
face Y. sent letters and presents — the king seemed immovably attached to 
the religion of his ancestors. That attachment was weakened by unforeseen 
occurrences, which prepared the way for Edwin's conversion. The kmgdom 
of Wessex was, at tha-t time, governed by two princes, who bore with impa- 
tience the yoke of the Northumbrian, and unable to cope with him in the 
field, attempted to remove him by means of an assassin, whom they sent to 
EdT\in in the character of an envoy. Introduced into the royal presence, the 
messenger drew a two-edged poisoned dagger, and aimed a desperate blow at 
the heart of the king. Lilla, one of the thanes, perceiving his design, threw 
himself between Ech\-in and the dagger, which reached the body of the 
king through the heart of the noble thane. Eveiy sword was instantly 
drawn, but the assassm defended himself with such desperate courage, that 
he made another Aictim before he was overpov^ered by numbers. 

While Edwin lay ill of his wound the words of Paulinus began to take 
effect, and when he had recovered, and was ready to march against the per- 
fidious kmgs of Wessex, he declared that if he returned victorious, he would 
become a Christian. He triumphed, and from that moment abstained from 
the worship of his gods, though he stiU hesitated to embrace Christianity. He 



CONVEESION OF EDWIN. 147 

consulted alternately his priests and tlie missionar}^ and revolving in his 
mind during his hours of solitude their opposite arguments, formed at length, 
the resolution of embracing Christianity. Having made this resolve, he 
called an assembly of his mtan or counsellors, and required each to state his 
sentiments on the subject. The first who ventured to speak was Coiffi, the 
high-priest, who instead of opposing, advised the adoption of the religion of 
the missionary. His motive, as recorded by Bede, w^as certainly a strange 
one. "None," he said, "have served the gods more diligently than I have, 
and yet there are many wdio receive greater favours from you, are more pre- 
ferred than I am, and are more prosperous in all their undertakings. Now, 
if the gods were good for an}i:hing, they w^ould rather forward me, from wdiom 
they have received the most attentive service. It remains, therefore, that if 
upon examination you find these new doctrines, which are now preached to 
us, better and more efficacious, we immediately receive them without delay." 

When Coiffi had finished speaking, another chieftain arose, w^hose dis- 
course, while it proves the good sense of the speaker, is valuable as exhibiting 
a striking picture of national manners. He sought for information respecting 
the origin and destiny of man. " Often," said he, " King, in the depth of 
winter, while you are feasting with your thanes, and the fire is blazing on the 
hearth in the midst of the hall, you have seen a bird pelted by the mntry 
storm, enter at one door, and escape at the other. During its passage it was 
visible, but whence it came, or wdiither it went, j^ou know not. Such to me 
appears the life of man. He w^alks the earth for a few short j^ears, but wdiat 
precedes his birth, or wdiat is to foUov/ after his death, w^e cannot tell. 
Undoubtedly, if the new religion can unfold these important secrets, it must 
be w^orthy our attention." At the common request Paulinus was now intro- 
duced, and explained the principal doctrines of Christianity. Wlien he had 
finished, Coiffi declared himself a convert, and to prove his sincerity, ofiered 
to set fire to the neighbouring temple of Godmundingham. With the per- 
mission of Edwin, he called for a horse and arms, both of w^hich w^ere forbid- 
den to the priests of the Angles. As he rode along, he was followed by 
crowds, who attributed his conduct to temporary insanity. To their astonish- 
ment, bidding defiance to the gods of his fathers, he struck his spear into the 
wall of the temple. They had expected that the fires of heaven w'ould have 
avenged the sacrilege. The impunity of the apostate dissipated their alarms, 
and urged by his example and exhortations, they united in kindling the 
flames, wdiich, with the temple, consumed the deities, that had been so long 
the objects of their terror and veneration. 

Gregory the Great had directed, that upon the conversion of the northern 
Angles, . their metropolitan should fix his see at York. Edwin accordingly 
bestow^ed upon Paulinus a house and possessions in that city, and was baptised 
in a church hastily erected for that ceremony. The happiest eftects followed 
the conversion of the hitherto ferocious Northumbrians. The petty British 
tribes that still held out in Yorkshire w^ere subdued, the internal security of 
his dominions was well preserved, and open robbery was so eftectually sup- 
pressed, that it was a common saying among the Northumbrians for centuries, 



148 HISTORY OF NORTHUMBERLAKD 

tliat, in tlie days of Edwin, a woman with a liabe at her breast, could pass 
from one end of his dominions to another without harm. Edwin's poAver, 
however, was doomed to sink more rapidly than it had risen. Penda, an 
expert and savage warrior, now occupied the Mercian throne, and scorning 
to acknowledge a superior, determined to win by the sword the dignity of 
Bretwalda, which Edwin had for many years enjoyed. Uniting his aiTQy 
with that of Cead walla, Idng of North Wales, he burst into Xorthumbria, 
and on Hatfield Chase, in Yorkshire, encountered the mighty Bretwalda. 
Edwin, his eldest son, and a great part of his followers were slain. 

Edwin was succeeded by Eanred, the son of Edilfrid, who derived his 
origin from the royal family of Bernicia. This monarch fell in battle "^vith the 
Britons near Hexliam. His brother Oswald perceiving that the spirit of the 
Northumbrians was still unbroken, led them once more to the field, where 
finding the enemy carelessly encamped, he and his little band burst with 
resistless energy upon the spoilers of their homes, few of whom escaped the 
sword. Ceadwalla himself was amongst the slain, and the ^dctor was hailed 
as king by the whole of Northumbria. Oswald devoted the few years of his 
reign to the propagation of Christianity. During the previous wars Paulinus 
had been obliged to take refuge in Kent, his converts had been scattered or 
destroyed, and the work of conversion was to be recommenced. In this 
emergency Oswald was not forgetful of his own instructors, the monks of 
lona, w^hom he implored to save his benighted subjects. They responded to 
the call, and the Idng's desires were fully blest by the labours of Aidan and 
his companions, who, ^vith unwearied perseverance, traversed everj^ part of 
the kingdom, converting great numbers to the Christian rehgion. As a 
recompense for the services of Aidan and his companions, the Idng gave 
them the Isle of Lindisfarne, where they erected a monasteiy, the remote but 
legitimate parent of the splendid and opulent see of Durham. Oswald's 
power was acknowledged by almost the whole of the Anglo-Saxon states, and 
the princes of the Picts and Scots were also numbered among his vassals. 
But the fate of Edwin awaited Oswald, and the same prince was destined to 
be the minister of his death. Penda again appeared in aiTiis, and was met 
by Oswald on the field of Maser, in Shropsliire, where the Northumbrian 
monarch died as became a king, his last words being, " Lord have mercy on 
the souls of my people." After this battle Penda laid siege to Bamborough, 
but the Northumbrians raUied round the family of the beloved Edwin, and 
on the retreat of the Pagans from the well-defended rock, they enabled 
Oswio, the brother of Oswald to ascend the throne. Again and again did 
the Mercian monarch sally forth and slay and ravage without mercy. 
Nothing would soften his ferocity, he scorned the offers of tribute, and at 
length boasted that he would extirpate the Northumbrian nation. His o\ni 
resources were great, but these were increased by the combined array of 
thirty vassal chieftans. Despair at last nerved the courage of Oswio, who, 
with his son Alchfrid, and a small but resolute force, advanced to meet the 
invaders. The valour or despair of the Northumbrians prevailed, Penda was 
killed, and of the thirty vassal chiefs who served under his banner, two only 
escaped. 



KINGS OF KORTHUMBRTA. 149 

On tlie death of Oswio, Egfrid his son ascended the throne. The Picts, 
despising the youth of the new monarch, assembled under their prince Bern- 
herth, and asserted their independence. But Egfrid, with a vigour which 
surprised and dismayed them, took the command of a body of horse, entered 
their territory, defeated tbem in a sanguinary battle, and compelled them to 
submit again to the superior power of the Northumbrians. Egfrid, animated 
with a spirit of ambition, then turned his arms against the Mercians, and the 
hostile armies met on the banks of the Trent, where a battle was fought, and 
^hwin, the brother of the Northumbrian monarch, was slain. In 685, 
Egfrid led an army into the territory of the Picts, who retired before a 
superior enemy till their pursuers had entangled themselves in the defiles of 
the mountains, when they fell upon the Northumbrians, few of wdiom escaped 
from the slaughter, the king himself being found amongst the slain. Egfrid 
having left no issue, the thanes offered the crown to Aldfrid, the illegitimate 
son of Oswio, under whose mild and judicious sway, the Northumbrians enjoyed 
peace, happiness, and prosperit}^ At the death of Aldfrid, in 705, his son 
Osred was seven years old. The ealdorman Eadulf usurped the Idngly 
dignity, and besieged the royal infant in Bambrough, but the people 
espoused the cause of Osred, and the usurper, after a reign of two months, 
paid the forfeit of his treason. Berctfrid assumed the guardianship of the 
young monarch, and repelled several incursions of the Picts, but Osred soon 
emancipated himself from the restraint of his tutor, and was slain in his 
nineteenth year, on the banks of Winandermere, in an attempt to suppress a 
dangerous msurrection headed by his Idnsmen, the two brothers Ca3nred and 
Osric. Csenred possessed the throne two years, Osric eleven, at Avhose 
demise it descended to Ceolwulf, the brother of his predecessor The 
learning and piety of this latter monarch are attested by Bede, but it appears 
that he possessed neither the vigour nor authority requisite for his ex- 
alted position, for in the second year of his reign, he was seized, shorn, and 
shut up in a monastery. He afterwards escaped from this confinement, re- 
ascended the throne, but sighing for the tranquillity which he had reluctantly 
enjoyed in the cloister, he voluntarily resigned his crown, after a reign of 
eight years, and made his profession as a monk in the monastery of Lindis- 
farne. Edbert, his cousin, succeeded him, and during his reign of one-and- 
twenty years, revived for a while the ancient glory of the Northumbrian 
nation. In his old age he followed the example of his predecessor, and retired 
from the cares and troubles of royalty, receiving the tonsure amongst the 
clergy of the church of York. He was succeeded by his son Oswulf, who 
was slain, soon after his accession, by his thanes, and Edinwold, a noble 
Northumbrian ascended the vacant throne. Scarcely had he obtained the 
sceptre, when formidable opponents arose in the persons of the descendants 
of Ida, who claimed it as the right of their family, and considered Edinwold 
as a usurper. His principal opponent, Oswin, being slain in battle, near 
Melrose, his possession of the crown seemed secure, but after a troublesome 
reign of six years, he resigned in favour of Alchred, a prince of the race of 
Ida, who was soon afterwards abandoned by those who raised him to the 
regal dignity, and was obliged to fly to the court of Kennet, King of the Picts, 



150 HISTOEY OF NORTHUMBERLAND. 

for protection from Ms rebellious subjects. He was succeeded by Etlielred, 
the son of Edinwold, who, in his tum, had also to fly, and leave the soeptre 
to x\lfwold, the son of Oswulf. 

AlffS'old's reign was as tumultuous as those of his predecessor's. His 
principal officers were slain by his rebeUious thanes, and he himself was 
killed by the ealdorman Sigan, and Osred, the son of Alchred, attempted to 
seize the crown, but the thanes recalled the exiled Etheked, who returned \\'ith 
the resolution of having revenge for his fonner expulsion. By his orders 
Eardulf, one of his most powerful opponents, was slain at the door of Ripon 
Minster, whence his body was carried into the church, and during the funeral 
service was obseiwed to breathe, proper remedies were immediately apphed, 
and the future Kmg of Xorthumbria was carefully concealed in the monasteiy. 
Ethebed subsequently fell by the swords of his subjects, and the sceptre was 
next grasped by Osbald, who, after a short reign of twenty-seven days, retired 
to the cloister, and Eardulf, whose life had been preserved by the monks of 
Pdpon, ascended the vacant throne. This monarch, after a few years, was 
driven into exile, — he went to Rome, and, it would seem, was restored to his 
Idngdom by the mfluence of Charlemagne, who pronounced the Northumbrians 
perfidious and perverse, the murderers of their sovereigns, and worse than 
pagans. 

It can scarcely be necessary to pursue farther the history of these princes. 
Eor a long period Xorthumbria had exhibited successive instances of treachery 
and mm'der, which justified the opinion expressed by Charlemagne, and to 
which no other country perhaps could furnish a parallel. Within the lapse 
of one hundred yeai's, fourteen kiugs had assumed the regal dignity, and yet 
of this number one only, if one, died in the peaceable possession of his crown. 
Seven had been slain, and six had been driven from the throne by their 
rebellious subjects. After Eardulf, no one durst assume the sovereign power, 
anarchy and perfidy prevailed, till the Danes totally extinguished the Xor- 
thumbrian dynasty, by the slaughter of ^lla and Osbriht in the year 867. 
This county was afterwards governed as a separate kingdom, eras an earldom, 
till the Conquest, from which period till the accession of James YI. of Scot- 
land to the throne of Eugland, it was the scene of many conflicts, &c., which 
will be found fully noticed in the histories and descriptions of the vaiious 
localities, in which they have occurred. 



LIEUTENANIB, MAGISTRATES, ETC. 



151 



THE LIEUTENANCY, MAGISTRACY, AND MEMBERS 
OF PARLIAMENT OF NORTHUMBERLAND. 

Lord Lieutenant and Cqstos Eotulorum. — The Eight Hod. Earl Grey, Howick. 
High Sheritf. — Samuel Edward "Widdrington, Es^, Newton Hall, Felton. 

MEMBEKS OF PAELIAMENT. 

County Members. — Northern Division. — Lord Lovaine and Lord Ossulston. 

„ „ Southern Division. — Henry George Liddell, Esq., and W. B. 

Beaumont, Esq. 
Borough Members. — Newcastle-upon-Tyne. — J. F. Blackett, Esq., and T. E. 
Headlam, Esq. 
„ „ Morpeth. — Eight Hon. Sir G. Grey, Bart. 

^ „ Tynemouth. — William Shaw Lindsay, Esq. 

„ „ Berwick-upon-Tweed. — D. C. Majoribanks, Esq. and John 

Forster, Esq. 



JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. 
Marked thus * are Deputy Lieutenants. 



His Grace the Duke of Northumberland, 

Alnwick Castle. 
Eight Hon. Earl Grey, Howick. 
Eight Hon. the Earl of Tankerville, Chil- 

lingham Castle. 
*Eight Hon. Lord Frederick Fitzclarence, 

Etal. 
Peter Annandale, Esq., Shotley Grove. 
*James H. H. Atkinson, Esq., Angerton. 
Adam Atkinson, Esq., Lorbottle, Whitting- 

ham. 
*Thomas Anderson, Esq., Little Harle 

Tower. 
Thomas Barker, Esq., North Shields. 
Eev. Joseph Barnes, Berwick. 
*W. B. Beaumont, Esq., M.P. Bywell. 
Eev. Thomas Bewsher, Knaresdale, Alston. 
John ChalfontBlackden, Esq., Ford Castle, 

Wooler. 
*Sir Edward Blackett, Bai-t., Matfen. 
♦George T. L. Blenkinsopp, Esq., Hum- 

bleton. 
Eev. Eobt. W. Bosanquet, Eock. 
Charles John Brandling, Esq., Newcastle. 
Benjamin Bullock, Esq., St. Leonard's 

Hill, Morpeth. 
♦William W. Burdon, Esq., Hartford House 

and Newcastle. 
*George Burdon, Esq., Heddon House. 
♦William H. Cadogan, Esq., Brinkburn 

Priory. 



♦Ealph Carr, Esq., Hedgeley, Alnwick. 

♦William H. Charlton, Esq., Hesleyside. 

♦Edward J. Clavering, Esq., Callaley Castle. 

♦Eev. J. D. Clark, Belford Hall. 

John Clutterbuck, Esq., Warkworth. 

♦Edward CoUingwood, Esq., Dissington. 

♦Frederick J. W. CoUingwood, Esq., Glan- 
ton Pike. 

John Coppin, Esq., North Shields. 

♦John B. Coulson, Esq., Blenkinsopp Castle. 

♦John B. Coulson, jun. Esq., Swinburne 
Caslle, Hexham. 

Go H. Coulson, Esq., Newbrough. 

♦Addison John Baker Cresswell, Esq., Cress- 
well House. 

♦0. A. Baker Cresswell, Esq., Harehope, 
Whittingham. 

William Cuthbert, Esq., Beaufrout. 

Edward Dale, Esq., Whitburn, Sunderland. 

Eev. William Darnell, Bambrough. 

♦Dixon Dixon, Esq., Unthank Hall, and 
Newcastle. 

♦Eowland Errington, Esq., Sandhoe. 

♦John Errington, Esq., High Warden. 

Andrew E. Fenwick, Esq., Netherton. 

Joseph H. Fryer, Esq., Whitley. 

♦S. F. Gillum, Esq., Middleton Hall, Bel^ 
ford. 

Eev. Percy Gilpin, Elsdon. 

Eev. E. W. Goodenough, Whittingham. 

*Heury Gregson, Esq., Lowlyn, Berwick. 



132 



HISTOBT OF XOKTHUMBEELAND. 



♦Eight Hon. Sir George Grey, Bart., M.P. 
ralloden, Alnwick. 

John Grey, Esq., Dilston. 

Hon. F. W. Grey, Howick Grange. 

Sir John Grev, K.C.B., Morwick. 

*G. A. Grey, Esq. MiUfield Hill, Wooler. 

Eev. C. G. Yernon Harcourt, Whitton 
Tower. 

*J. Hodgson Hinde, Esq., Acton House. 

Eichard Hodgson, Esq., Carham Hall. 

Thomas Hodgson, Esq., Morris Hall. 

George H. Hughes, Esq., Middleton Hall, 
Wooler. 

Sanderson Ilderton, Esq., Ilderton. 

*Thomas James, Esq., Otterburn Tower. 

James Kirsop, Esq., Spital, Hexham. 

Eev. Thomas Knight, Ford, Wooler. 

W^. J. Lawson, Esq., Longhirst. 

*William Lawson, Esq., Longhirst. 

Hon. H. T. Liddell, M.P., Eshngton House. 

* William Linskill, Esq., Tynemouth Lodge. 

Michael Longridge, Esq., Bedlington. 

*Lord Lovaine, M.P. 

Eev. John Marshall, Bellingham. 

*Sir Charles M. L. Monck, Bart., Belsay 
Castle. 

*Charles A. Monck, Esq., Wylam Oak- 
wood. 

Hugh Moises, Esq., Alnwick. 

George Kerr iSTicholson, Esq., Berwick. 

Eev. Edward C. Ogle, Kirkley and Bed- 
hngton. 

*Eobert Ogle, Esq., Eglingham. 



♦Charles W. Orde, Esq., Nunnykirk. 

Eev. Leonard S. Orde, Shorstone. 

♦LordOssulston, M.P., Chillingham Castle. 

John Potts, Esq., Benton Park, Newcastle. 

♦Sir M. W. Eidley, Bart., Blagdon. 

♦Edward Eiddell, Esq., Cheeshurn Grange, 

♦Thomas Eiddell, Esq., Felton Park. 

Sir W. B. Eiddell, Bart., Hepple, Eothbury. 

George Eippon, Esq., Waterville, North 
Shields. 

Eev. Christopher Eobinson, Kirknewton. 

Charles Selbv, Esq., Earle, Wooler. 

♦P. J. Selby,'Esq., Twizell House. 

♦Prideaux Selby, Esq., Swanslield. 

♦Waker Selby, Esq., Biddleston. 

George Selby, Esq., Belle Yue, Alnwick. " 

♦J. S. D. Selby, Esq., Cheswick. 

M. J. F. Sidney, Esq., Cowpen Hall. 

Frank Sitwell, Esq., Barmoor Castle. 

Y^illiam L. Smart, Esq., Trewhitt House. 

John Straker, Esq., North Shields. 

Joseph Straker, Esq., North Shields. 

Aubone Surtees, Esq., Pidgon and New- 
castle. 

Eobert S, Surtees, Esq., Hamsterley Hall. 

♦Sir John E. Swinburne, Bart., Capheaton. 

♦Sir Walter C. Trevelyan, Bart., Walhng- 
ton. 

Yen. Archdeacon Thorpe, D.D., Eyton. 

Hon, J. Hope Wallace, Featherstone Castle. 

♦Samuel E. Widdington, Esq., Ne'wton 
Hall, Felton. 



DEPUTY LIEUTENANTS, 



In addition to those mar 

Eobert L. AUgood, Esq., Nunwick. 

John Aynsley Murray, Esq. 

Matthew Bell, Esq., Woolsington. 

William M. Bigge, JEsq., Linden. 

Bryan BuiTell, Esq., Broom Park. 

E. J. CoUingwood, Esq , Lilburn Tower. 

John Cookson, Esq., IMeldon Park. 

Thomas Y'"ood Craster, Esq., Craster. 

Eobert De Lisle, Esq. 

William Gray, Esq., East Boldon. 



ked ♦ in the preceding list. 

Charles Bacon Grey, Esq., Styford. 

Hon. H. C. Grey, Homck. 

E, W. Grey, Esq., Chipchase Castle. 

SirE. Haggerstone, Bart.,Ellingham. 

Hon. H. T. Liddell, M.P., Eslington. 

Yv^illiam Ord, Esq., Whitfield. 

Lord Eavensworth, Eavensworth Castle. 

Henry Silvertop, Esq., ]Minster Acres. 

Sir Horace St. Paul, Bart., EwartPai'k. 

C. M. St. Paul Esq., Ewart. 



HISTORY AND DESCRIPTION 



01? 



NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



This ancient and interesting town — the last great centre of enterprise towards 
the northern margin of England, the last place in which industry, population, 
shipping, commerce, and wealth, present themselves on that scale of magnitude, 
which gives rank and importance to a town — is situated on the left bank of 
the Tyne opposite to Gateshead, 15 miles N.W. of. Durham, 56 miles E. of 
Carlisle, 76 miles N.W. by W. of York, 117 miles S.E. of Edinburgh, and 
273 miles N.W. of London. If population be the criterion of prosperity, 
Newcastle can boast of its full share, for it has more than doubled the number 
of its inhabitants since the commencement of the present century. Its popu- 
lation in 1801 was 33,048; in 1811,32,537; in 1821, 4J,794 ; in 1831, 
53,613; in 1841, 70,337; and in 1851, it had increased to 87,748 souls. 
At the latter period it contained 10,441 inhabited houses, 311 uninhabited, 
and 163 in process of erection. 

The situation of Newcastle possesses many remarkable features. The busy 
Tyne separates it from Gateshead, which bears a similar relation to Newcastle 
as Southwark does to London, or Salford to Manchester. The town occupies 
the steep slopes which, rising from the banks of the river, stretch away into 
suburbs that have little need of distance to lend them charms. The lower 
portion of Newcastle, next to the river, has crept along, east and west, year 
after year, until it now extends almost three miles in length, while on the 
edge of the dmgy stream are closely crowded warehouses and workshops, with 
thronged approaches to the ships and barges that make another town upon 
the river. But, conspicuous above the sombre dwellings, and distinguished 
from the reeking stores and smithies, are civic halls and churches, claiming 
reverence for antiquity even in the presence of hugest modern marvels. 

There is, perhaps, no town in England whose present state and appearance 
are more in contrast with its earlier condition and character, than Newcastle. 
It owes its origin to war, its establishment to the spirit of religion, and its 
increase to the spirit of commerce. It has been the resting place of many an 
army, and, in later days, of many a traveller, on the line of route to and from 

k2 



154 HlSTOBT OF KEWCASTLE-tPON-TYKE. 

Scotland. It marks the eastern extremity of a wall whicli shielded the Roman 
legions from the harbarians of the north, and it speckles the shores of the 
Tyne, and gives to that river the appearance of one continuous harbour. It 
is the outlet whence vast cargoes of manufactured produce find their way to 
the south of England and to foreign climes ; it is the very centre of the coal 
district, and the birth-place of railways and locomotives. Its old castle and 
churches indicate its connexion with antiquity, w4iile its ranges of houses and 
shops, such as no other town in England can excel, and few can equal, prove 
the spirit of modern activity which animates its people. It has, within and 
around it, a population singularly varied, by the impress which particular em- 
ployments give to those engaged therein. The Tyne, too, works unceasingly, 
bearing upon its bosom to the ocean, vessels of eveiy size and shape, laden 
with the treasures — rough, and coarse, and dirty, but yet treasures, — which 
the town and its neigbourhood produce. Newcastle may be divided into three 
divisions, the " Old" the "Upper" and the "Central" towns, tln'ough which 
we now invite the reader to proceed. We will commence with :-=- 



THE OLD TOWN.— THE QUAYS, CHARES, AND STAIRS* 

Among the odd tmstings and contortions of Newcastle, one of the oddest is 
the absence of any main hue of thoroughfare, in continuation of the bridge 
which connects Gateshead and Newcastle. The stranger sees before him a 
steej), absolutely insurmountable by streets or vehicles of any kind. This 
w^as the portion first built upon, and it subsequently became a dense mass 
of courts and alleys, — " A vast hanging field," as it has been described by 
one topographer, " of sombre and cheerless houses, huddled mobbishly into a 
confused and pent up mass, packed and squeezed by mutual pressure into 
panic retreat from the approach of w^heeled carriages." In the absence of 
streets the only manner in which the upper part of the town can be reached, 
is by means of interminable flights of steps, w^iich seem to chmb the face of 
the hiU. One of these flights, in the neighbourhood of the bridge, is a veri- 
table Monmouth-street — boots, shoes, boots, meet us at every yard, the 
wonder is where can all these boots and shoes come from ? Little houses or 
shops, or stalls, or, we know not what to call them, line the sides of the stair- 
case, and how the occupants of these tenements manage to emerge from their 
dweUings without tumbHng dowm stairs, is to us a complete puzzle. 

In order, therefore, to surmount this ascent, a detour to the east is 
necessary. Passing on a little in this du^ection we arrive at an irregular 
open space of ground called the SandhiU, wdiere the Exchange is situated. 
In the centre of this area there formerly stood an equestrian statue of James II., 
which, falling a victim to popular fuiy, w^as metamorphosed into beUs for 
the Churches of St. Andrew^ and All Saints. The Exchange was erected 
about tw^o centuries ago, its architect, Robert TroUope, lies buried in Gates- 
head churchyard under this epitaph :— 



THE OLB TOWN. 155 

" Here lies Kobert TroUope, 
Who made yon stones roll up; 
When death took his soul up, 
His body filled this hole up." 

The lioiises iu this neiglibourlioocl are many of tliem highly picturesque, 
ha^dug sui-^ived the many changes which have run through their course of 
fashion since the days of the half-timbered and carved-gabled houses. Turn- 
ing out of the Sandhill, at its northern extremity, we come to the Side, a 
street nmning in a north-westerly direction. The house architecture here 
is remarkable, and the street is so steep that its ascent is rather a serious 
affair both to man and horse. On reaching the head of the Side we soon 
emerge into the open space which contains St. Nicholas's Church. On our 
way we pass Dean-street, which branches out on our right towands the north. 
Where this street now" nms, there was formerly a dean, or glen, through 
which a brook, crossed by a Roman bridge, once flow^ed. But it is in going 
along the riyer's bank to the east that we become immersed among the oldest, 
densest, and dirtiest parts of the town. Ships and coals, coals and ships, 
leave their commercial impress on the houses of the Quay-side. The long 
roadway upon vfhich we walk, from the bridge almost to the eastern extremity 
of Newcastle, presents us ^ith the river and its shipping on our right hand, 
and the Custom House, warehouses, and offices on our left. We may look 
in vain for any good streets to lead us up from this quay to the higher part 
of the town, but we will find a great number of steep alleys called chares, 
by means of which we can arrive at Butcher Bank, and Dog Bank, in the 
former of which Akenside, the author of the " Pleasures of Imagination " 
resided. Passing beyond the Quay-side, we come to another densely-built 
parallelogram of chares and houses, having for its boundaries the New Road 
to Shields, and the New Quay. Parallel, and between these two, is Sandgate, 
a narrow lane, surrounded by still narrower courts. This Sandgate was one 
of the oldest entrances into Newcastle from the east. The Keelmen's 
Hospital is situated in the New Road, and is supported by the body whose 
name it bears. In the same hne of road we have the Royal Jubilee School, 
St. Ann's Chapel, and one or two other places of w^orship, and a continuation 
of this route w^ould bring us to the multitude of coUieries and manufactories 
which he between Newcastle and North Shields. Thus far, then, for the 
*' along-shore" quays, and streets, and chares, and stairs. Let us now visit 



THE UPPER TOWN,— NORTH, EAST, AND WEST. 

^ Previous to the construction of Grey-street, Pilgrim-street was the main 
highway through the town. Its name is said to be derived from the number 
of pilgrims who, in ancient times, passed along it on their way to the shrine 
at Jesus' Mount, now Jesmond, in the north-east vicinity of the town. Our 
northern margin brings us up to the open country, where Jesmond, with its 
beautiful cemetery, the extensive Town Moor, the Castle Leazes, the Nun's 
Moor, the Westgate Cemetery, and the numerous streets of well-built private 



158 MlSTOEY OF NEWCASTLE^UPOX-TYXE. 

houses, and the cliurclies aud cliapels all erected within the last few years, 
all tend to show that it is in this direction we must principally look for the 
private residences of the principal inhabitants of Newcastle. 

To the west and south-west of the centre of the town, we find more build- 
ings connected with the early histoiy of Newcastle than in any other quarter. 
As in the eastern division, we ynR begin at the river, and ascend to the 
higher parts of the tovra. First then for the Close which runs from Sandhill 
to the Forth Bank. It is a narrow street crowded with all kinds of manu- 
factories, warehouses, and wharfs. Yet this street was formerly the dwelhng 
place of the leading inhabitants of the town, among whom were the Earl of 
Northumberland and Sir William Blackett. One of the large buildings on 
the south side, now occupied as a warehouse, was for many generations the 
Mansion House, in which civic festivities ran their career of glory. Immedi- 
ately north of the Close, and forming the most conspicuous objects from the 
two bridges, are the Castle and the County Courts, crowning the summit of 
the ascent. The two buildings are very near each other, and the open sjoace 
of ground between and around them is called the Castle G-arth. The County 
Court comprises the Moot Hall for Northumberland, where the assizes are 
held. It is a fine commodious building erected about forty years ago, on the 
site of a Roman station. Not far from the castle is St. Nicholas' Church, by 
far the most remarkable in Newcastle. If there were nothing else about it 
to attract attention, its dehcately supported spire, would be an object of 
interest, but in addition to this it has the claims of antiquit}^ in its favour. 
This church lies at the southern extremity of a wide hue of street, which 
probably formed, at one period, the main thoroughfare of the to^^Ti, and the 
names of Groat Market, Cloth Market, and Bigg Market, apphed to different 
portions of its length, seem to indicate that the markets of Newcastle were 
once held here. 

To the west of the castle Kes an irregular mass of streets, occupied partly 
by factories, and partly hj poor dwellings. Nothing picturesque need be 
looked for, until we pass the Forth Field and Forth Bank, which, in the 
middle of the last century, were the principal promenades of Newcastle. But 
brick and stone, population and industry, have b}' httle and httle, crept up 
and over the Forth, until scarcely a vestige of it now remains. One portion 
has been converted into a Cattle Market, the Infirmary is situated upon 
another, while a thu'd portion has been swallowed up by the Central Railway 
Station. 



THE CENTRAL TOWN.— MR. GRAINOER'S STRUCTURES. 

*' Newcastle, "says a writer in " The Land We Live in" " owes no small 
share of the beauty which marks some of its streets, to one single individual, 
possessing a bold original mind, which could think, and plan for itself, and 
conquer, one by one, the difficulties which would have crushed a less vigorous 
man. If we were to regard this as a matter simply of pounds, shillings, 



THE CENTILIL TOWN. 157 

and pence, we would have to place it on a lower level than many a building 
enterprise : it is not every one that, in enriching his native toAvn, can also 
enrich himself, — the town retains the adornment for ages, whether the author 
of it dies a rich or a poor man. Let us see what has been done by Mr. 
Grainger, and how it has been done, at Newcastle. It is necessary to know 
what the towa was at the early part of the present century, before we can 
foiTU an estimate of the amount of boldness, courage, and perseverance 
necessary to work out the subsequent changes. In bygone ages the Francis- 
can convent and the nunnery, were surrounded by twelve acres of ground, 
in the heart of the towTi — but these w^ere, in later days, replaced by an old 
mansion, the temporary prison of Charles I., with its gardens and plantations. 
Down to Grainger's time this garden and plantation remained, — unproduc- 
tive, on account of the smoke which for so many ages has enveloped the 
tov^Ti, and useless to the town in many other ways. He watched the ill- 
ordered empty space with a longing eye, he thought of the excellent building- 
stone in the quarries near at hand, he built up in his mind imaginary 
terraces, and squares, and sumptuous streets, and resolved to bide his time. 

" Mr. Grainger entered upon various works, as a builder, for other parties, 
and in the course of a few years built many portions of new streets, such as 
CarHol, Blackett, and New Bridge streets. Then came the rather ambitious 
project of Eldon Square, with its handsome rows of stone fronted houses, 
Every enterprise successfully brought to completion, acted as a stepping-stone 
to something higher. Grainger had advanced greatly and rapidly, and he 
next conceived the plan of building about a hundred and thirty stone-fronted 
houses, of a more ornamental character than any yet seen in the town, in the 
northern part of Newcastle, near the Town Moor : the plan was fully carried 
out, and the town has unquestionably gained a great ornament by it. His 
next enterprise was the erection of a building which, under the name of the 
Arcade, and opening into Pilgrim-street, presents to view a fine stone front, 
extending nearly a hundred feet in length, and an interior extending two 
hundred feet in depth. The whole building affords offices for two Banking- 
houses, Post-office, Stamp-office, Excise and Permit-office, and other establish- 
ments. 

"Up to this date, say about the year 1832, Mr. Grainger's operations 
within the town had given new buildings to the value of £200,000, nearly 
all of them stone-fronted, and far above the standard of street-architecture in 
other towns. But his great work, the development of his vast schemes, was 
yet to come. The twelve acres of unemployed, or ill-employed, vacant ground 
in the heart of the town, on which his thoughts had been centred for many 
a year, at length came into possession of Mr. Grainger, at a purchase price 
of £50,000, and about the same time he appropriated another sum, of nearly 
equal amount, to the purchase of some old property in the immediate vicinitv. 
What was to come out of this, nobody knew but himself, the plans were 
wholly developed in his own mind before his fellow-townsmen knew aught 
concerning them. Something notable was expected, but this something was 
vague and conjectural. The first feature was the construction of a fine central 



lo8 HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE -UPOX-TYXE. 

street ia continuation of Dean-street. No ram's born, however proverbially 
crooked, can be more tortuous than the entrance into Newcastle from the 
old bridge, and it was to lessen this crookedness, on approaching the heart 
of the town, that the new street was planned. A butcher-market and a theatre 
stood in the way of the improvement, but the improver was not to be deterred 
by such obstacles. The Corporation gave up the old market, and agreed on 
the plan for a new one, and on the price to be paid for effecting the change.' 
Works were commenced immediately, and in October, 1835, was opened the 
finest market in the kingdom, nay, it is even said to be the finest in Europe. 
The theatre was the next point — a few difficulties arose in this matter, for 
the theatre was a neat and convenient one, but Mr. Grainger cut the matter 
short by offering to build a new and handsomer one, and to present a good 
round sum of money into the bargain, this was accepted, and the theatre 
was built. In all these matters, and others of a similar kind, Mr. Grainger's 
promptness became conspicuous, and the townsmen began to look for some- 
thing bold and decisive whenever he took a matter in hand. When the 
whole of the property for the new central street was purchased, then arose 
Grainger's greatest mechanical difficulties — the levelling of the ground. 
Such was the alternation of hill and hollow, that the formation of a fine and 
regular street in the planned direction struck many with amazement and 
many more with doubt. In some parts the ground had to be excavated to a 
depth of '27 feet, to form the basement of houses — in other parts valleys had 
to be filled to a height of 3S feet, and houses to be built thereupon, in order 
to form a street of uniform level. There were instances in which more 
masonry was buried under-ground than appeared in the whole elevation of 
the house above. The lowering of hillocks and ridges was so much more 
considerable than the filling up of hollovrs and trenches, that nearly five 
million cubic feet of earth were carried away from time to time, during the 
progress of the various improvements, after filling up the valleys, making 
mortar with some of the sand, and making bricks with some of the clay. 

" This arduous but most necessary operation of levellmg being completed, 
there arose, one by one, those splendid streets, which have no parallel in 
England. Instances may be met vath, in some of our larger towns, of 
isolated portions of street equal to these in beauty, but it may be doubted 
whether, as a group, these creations of Grainger's are equalled. Edinburgh 
could do more than either London or Liverpool in producing a parallel. 
The builder was, for the most part, his own architect, and as his new streets 
are mainly streets of shops, he was not bound down by precedent to such a 
degree as to cramp his invention. Grey-street, Grainger- street, Market- 
street, Clayton-street West, Nun-street, Nelson-street, Wood-street, and 
Shakspjere-street, rose in succession — all situated in the veiy heaii; of the 
towm, aU occupied by houses presenting fronts of dressed and pohshed 
stone, altogether presenting a length of a mile and a quarter of street, 
from fifty to eighty feet wide, and aU erected in about five years. It is 
not merely a list of new^ streets thus presented by the improvements, new 
pubhc buildings of a notable character have been reared as parts of the 



THE CEKTEAL TOWN, 159 

general design. Tliiis, tliere are the neAv Market, the new Central Exchange, 
the new Theatre, the new Dispensary, the n"few Music Hall, the new Lecture 
Eoom, two new Chapels, the Incorporated Companies' Hall, two auction- 
marts, ten inns, and twelve puhlic-houses, — besides about forty private-houses, 
and the three or four hundred shops which form the leading idea of the 
design. It has been estimated that the total value of the buildings thus 
planned and constructed by one man, in five years, at a fair rental, is about 
a milhon sterling, and that about two thousand persons were regularly 
engaged on them for many years. Let us now, shortly, see what are the 
appearances which this new world of buildings present. First for the Market. 
This sumptuous building occupies an oblong parallelogram, bounded by 
Grainger, Clayton, Nelson, and Nun streets, and having twelve openings to 
these streets from its interior area. It hes in the very heart of Mr. Grainger's 
scene of improvements, and is worthy of them. The market is about three 
hundred and fort}" feet long by two hundred and fifty ^vide, covering an area 
of more than nine thousand square yards, or nearly two acres. Neither 
London, Birkenhead, Birmingham, nor Liverpool, can present such an area 
of covered market as this. The area is divided into a number of avenues, or 
bazaars, appropriated as meat, vegetable, poultry, and butter markets. The 
Meat Market consists of four long avenues, crossed by four shorter ones, 
mostly with arched ceilings, and well ventilated. The Vegetable Market is 
one noble apartment, larger than Westminster Hall, having a carved oaken 
roof, supported by two rows of iron pillars, and a lantern-hght running along 
the centre. The length is 318 feet, the width 57, and the height 40 — and 
the whole appearance is so far be3^ond the general characteristics of such 
buildings, that a local guide-book claims for ifc the designation of " a gorgeous 
hall, of vast extent, rather resembling the nave of some mighty cathedral than 
a market for the sale of the fruits of the earth." Without soaring to so lofty 
a height as this, we can well imagine how Newcastle may well be proud of 
such a market — and of the mind that planned it. 

" But Grey-street is the great work. This street is, by the crossing of other 
smaller streets, divided into sections, each of which is made to comprise a 
distinct architectural design, worthy of study, independent of the rest. All, 
however, agree in this — that the front and entire decorations of the houses 
are of solid stone ; that the stone is of a warm, rich colour — that the ranges 
excel those of Edinburgh, in being more ornate — and that they excel those 
of Regent-street, in London, as truly as good stone excels shabby stucco. 
Taking the west side of Grey-street, we find it divided into three compart- 
ments by the crossing of High Bridge and Market streets. The south com- 
partment comprises a Corinthian design in the centre, with two wiugs, 
derived, in many of its details, from the interior of tlie Pantheon, at Borne. 
The entablature of the centre front rests on eleven lofty Corinthian columns, 
and the whole is surmounted by a double range of balustrades. This central 
portion is occupied by the offices of two banking companies. The next group, 
or compartment, about half the length of the southern, presents an Ionic 
design, after the temple on the Ilyssus at Athens — the middle portion is 



160. HISTOKY OF NEWCASTLE-UPOK-TYNE. 

occupied by a large inn. The northern compartment, the shortest of the 
three, comprises one side of a trianglo of houses, the area of which triangle 
is occupied by the Central Exchange. This spot is perhaps the most central 
and the most magnificent in the whole gi'oup of new buildings. The Exchange 
is a rich and beautiful semicircular building, imbedded in a triangle of noble 
houses, whose fronts are in Grey-street, Grainger-street, and Market-street. 
Seven entrances lead from these streets to the Exchange. It is a semicircle, 
about a hundred and fifty feet long by a hundred in width, wholly lighted 
from above, as the building is encased in a triangle of houses. The roof is 
Bupported by fourteen Ionic columns, twelve of which form a semicircle, and 
within the columned area of this semicircle is the News-room — on the out- 
side of the semicircle are the corridors, entrances, and staircases leading to 
the Coffee-room and other apartments. Above the entablature, round the 
top of the semicircle, spring a series of curved ribs, one over each column, 
and these ribs form the skeleton for a magnificent glass dome, through which 
descends ample light into the area of the room. In an upper part of the 
building are apartments for the School of Design. The triangle of houses, 
within which the Exchange is thus singularly placed, are of uniform design — 
the front presented towards the three streets are each an adaptation of the 
design of the Corinthian Temple of Vesta, at Tivoli — and the three points of 
the triangle are each finished by a dome springing from a nearly circular 
range of Corinthian columns. 

Next taking a glance at the east side of Grey-street, we find the entire 
length distributed into five architectural compartments, separated by the 
crossing of other streets. The first or southern compartment, from Mosley- 
street to Shakspere-street, has in the centre a colonnade of lofty Corinthian 
columns, with wings having pilasters and balustrades. The second compart- 
ment, from Shakspere-street to Market-street, is almost wholly occupied by 
the front of the new theatre. This theatre is one of the largest and most 
beautiful out of London ; as the portico projects completely over the foot 
pavement, and is formed wholly of highly enriched stone-work, it constitutes 
one of the greatest ornaments of Grey-street. Continuing our route up this 
street, we come to the third architectural compartment, lying between Mar- 
ket-street and Hood-street. Here, according to Mr. Grainger's original plan, 
would have been a splendid range of buildings, occupied by the Town and 
County Courts, Council Chamber, Town Clerk's, and other corporate offices 
and chambers, and a residence for the mayor; but difficulties interfered with 
the canying out of the plan, and Mr. Grainger has made a portion of liis 
architectural design available for other purposes. The centre of this com- 
partment, as now completed, is occupied by a banking company ; it presents 
a highly enriched facade in the upper storeys, supported by more sober Doric 
pilasters beneath. The fourth compartment, occupying the space between 
Hood-street and High Friar Lane, is of the Ionic order, with recessed columns 
in the centre, and pilastered wings. The fifth and last compartment, ending 
at Blackett-street, is more simple than all the others. Such then is Grey- 
street ; and this detailed view of its architectural features will serve as a 



EARLY HISTOEY. 161 

general representative of all Mr. Grainger's beautiful streets. A somewhat less 
ornate version of this magnificent street will serve to describe each of the 
others. At the point where three of them meet, at the top of Grey-street, is 
Bailey's statue of Earl Grey, on a lofty column. 

Mr. Grainger is still active, and still builds houses as fast as they are 
desired. He has purchased the great Elswick estate, for wdiich he has paid 
£200,000. It contains a plentiful spring of water, which will supply the 
whole town. He has a plan comprehendiug the junction of several railroads, 
the formation of extensive quays, the erection of ranges of manufactories, and 
on the high ground behind, of Yillas and terraces. So there is some reason 
for the following lines : — • 

"Where canny Newcastle will gan to at last, 
Is far aj'ont maw understanding; 
But if it gan on as it 's duiug for jeaxs past, 
It '11 suin about Hexham be Ian din. 

" For toon within toon, and street after street, 
Grainger pops up — without iver heedin' 
How they 're to be fill'd, unless some new leet 
Shows us how to be filled without feedin." 

Such was, and such is, the town of Newcastle. Let us now take a brief 
review of its history, and of the transactions which have taken place within 
and around its walls. In doing so, brevity must, of course, be observed, our 
limits precluding us from giving more than an outline of some of the prin- 
cipal events wdiich have here transpired. 



EARLY HISTORY. 

It is now agreed by antiquarians, that Nevv'castle occupies the site of the 
Roman station Pons ^lii, but of its history during the tim.e this country was 
under the imperial dominion, nothing is known with any degree of certainty. 
Subsequent to the withdrawal of the Homan legions, and during the Saxon 
period, the town was known by the name of Monkchester, which originated in 
the number of religious establishments that were situated in the town and 
neighbourhood. Previous to the Danish invasions, religious institutions of 
various kinds flourished here, but, from the tnne of Alfred to the Conquest, 
the Northmen carried fire and sword whithersoever they went, and at the com- 
Dieu cement of the Norman period, religious establishments of every kind had 
almost totally disappeared from Northumbria. 

The Conqueror had scarcely established himself in his newly acquired 
dominions, before Monkchester experienced his severity. Malcolm, King of 
Scotland, and Edgar the Etheling, having invaded England, were met and 
totally defeated by William on Gateshead Fell, and in order that they might 
not find an asylum in the town, he caused Monkchester to be almost entirely 

L 



16S HISTORY OF KEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 

demolislied. It was not long before Malcolm was again in arms and renew- 
ing his ravages in Northumberland. The Conqueror sent Eobert, his eldest 
son, to chastise the perfidy of the Scot, but the two princes did not meet, and 
the only result of the expedition was the erection of a fortress at Monkchester, 
which henceforth bore the name of Newcastle. As this stronghold protected 
the passage of the Tyne at this point, it has always been a place of great 
importance, and on the completion of the castle and fortifications the town 
rapidly increased in size and population, receiving many immunities from 
William and his successors. So early as the reign of Rufus, it was completely 
enclosed with a wall and fosse, and endowed with all the privileges of a free 
borough. 

As the castle was erected by one son of the Conqueror, it is a singular 
circumstance, that another son was the first to employ force against it. In 
1095, it was seized by the adherents of Robert Mowbray, Earl of Northum- 
berland, and did not surrender to Rufus until after a short siege, when several 
of the Earls followers fell into the hands of the monarch. The Earl being 
driven from Tynemoutli by the King, took refuge in his castle of Bambrough, 
from whose walls lie continued to defy the arms of his sovereign. An insidi- 
ous offer to betray Newcastle into his hands induced him to quit Bambrough, 
in the dead of the night with no more than thirty horsemen. In advancing 
towards the town he was discovered and pursued to Tynemouth, where he was 
captured in the Church of St. Oswin. Bambrough afterwards surrendered, 
and the Earl was removed to Windsor Castle, where he died after thirty years' 
imprisonment. 

Nothing of any importance transpired in Newcastle till the reign of Stephen, 
when we find it occupied by David, the Scottish King, who had hurried across 
the borders, reduced Carlisle, Norham, Alnwick, and Newcastle, and, made 
war upon Stephen in support of the Empress Matilda, his niece, by whose ■ 
desire a treaty of peace was concluded in 1139. By the terms of this treaty ■ 
it was agreed that the town should remain in the hands of the Scots, v,-ho 
held it for sixteen years, after which period it was restored to the English 
crown. 

William the Lion, King of Scotland, having joined the league against 
Henry II., burst into England in 1174, bringing ruin and desolation wherever 
he appeared, but while tilting in careless security in the neighbourhood of 
Alnwick, he was surprised and made prisoner, with many of his principal 
barons. He was afterwards ransomed, and on his return to Scotland, a 
serious conflict took place on Tyne Bridge between the inhabitants of New- 
castle and the royal attendants. Enraged at seeing their old enemy once 
more at liberty, the people attacked the royal cortege, and William was 
obliged to cut his way through the exasperated masses by which he was sur- 
rounded. Sir John Perth and others of the royal escort were slain in the 
affray. Newcastle was several times visited by King John, who seems to have 
had a great predilection for the old town. He repaired and strengthened the 
fortifications of the castle, and instituted a Society of Free JMerchants, the 
members of which were exempted by him from pleading anywhere beyond the 



EAVAGES OF THE PLAGUE. 163 

walls of the town, to any plea save that of foreign tenures — he also released 
them from the duties of toll, lastage, pontage, and passage, in all the sea-ports 
of his dominions both at home and abroad, empowering the Mayor of New- 
castle, or Sheriff of Northumberland, to give them reparation for any injury 
they might sustain. The succeeding sovereigns, Henry III., Edward II., and 
Edward III., confirmed this charter and added to it new privileges. In 1235, 
Henry III. granted a special charter to the men of this town, by which all 
Jews were prohibited from residing in it, and in 1238, he gave the townsmen 
the lands called "the Forth and the Castle Field," with permission to dig 
coals there. About this period, Newcastle suffered severely from pestilence 
and famine, to which great numbers of the inhabitants fell victims. 

In consequence of a dispute about the possession of the northern counties, 
Alexander of Scotland, and Henry HI. of England, met in Newcastle, where 
a conference was held in 1236. The dispute not having been settled, the 
English army assembled here in 1244, but hostilities were prevented by the 
mediation of the Archbishop of York. Shortly afterwards the town suffered 
severely from fire, the greater portion of the buildings, and the bridge over 
the Tyne, being destroyed by the conflagration. We find Edward I. here 
in 1396, when, in consequence of the manner in which Englishmen had 
been treated at the Scottish court, Edwe.rd summoned Baliol to meet him at 
Newcastle, on the 1st of March, on which day the English King arrived, 
accompanied by an army of 30,000 foot and 4,000 horse. Having waited 
some time for Baliol's appearance, Edward advanced with his army to Bam- 
brough, where he also delayed and repeated his summons. The destruction 
of a Scottish detachment, in an attempt to surprise the Castle of Wark, was 
the signal for war. V/hile the town of Berwick was stormed by the English, 
Corbridge and Hexham were destroyed by the Scots. Edward, however, was 
not to be deterred from his plan, but pushing forward the war with vigour, 
in the short period of two months, captured all the principal strongholds in 
Scotland. This was followed by the submission of Baliol, who did homage 
to the King of England at Berwick. The following year, Wallace, the 
Scottish leader, entered Northumberland, ravaging and laying waste the 
countiy to the very walls of Newcastle, but when he came near the town, 
finding that the inhabitants had made all necessary preparations for its 
defence, he changed his route and shortly afterwards returned to Scotland. 
After the death of Wallace, the cause of Scottish independence was espoused 
by Bruce, who defeated the English in several encounters. Edward, being- 
determined to reduce the Scots to obedience, collected a large army at New- 
castle, and advanced into Scotland, where he was totally defeated at the 
Battle of Bannockburn. 

Subsequent to the events above narrated, the inhabitants of Newcastle 
suffered severe^ from famine and pestilence, and their misery was so great 
that they were compelled to eat horses and dogs. The old historians inform 
us that " for very hunger the thieves in the prisons devoured the new comers, 
nay, even that parents did eat their own children." These horrors were 
increased b}^ an invasion of the Scots, who were so numerous in Newcastle 
that, it is said, " they wist not where to lodge." 



164 HISTORY OF KEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 

IiTLmedia^tely after tlie accession of Eclwarcl III., tlie dissatisfaction of some 
English barons, who had been deprived of their lands in Scotland, kindled a 
new war between the two countries. After various successes the Scots were 
completely overthro^vn at the battle of HalidonHill, and the Scottish monarch 
performed homage for his crown and kingdom, in the Dominican Church, at 
Newcastle, binding himself by oath to hold his kingdom of the King of 
England, for himself and successors for ever, transferring at the same time to 
the English monarch the five Scottish counties bordering upon England, to 
be annexed to that crown for ever. This state of things did not long con- 
tinue, for, the French king being defeated at Cress}'-, lost no time in urging 
David of Scotland to invade England. The Scottish monarch assembled 
thirty-three thousand horse, and, intending to create a diversion in favour of 
the King of France, entered England. Passing by Hexham, he vigorously, 
but vainly, attempted to take Newcastle by storm, and marching into Durham 
laid the whole county waste. Thinldng that the country was utterly defence- 
less, he talked of nothing less than marching to London, but the bishops and 
lay barons of the north had collected a small but resolute band, and went in 
quest of the invader. The skill of the English archers prevailed over iron 
panoply, the men at arms charged the Scottish host, and the infantry com.- 
pleted the rout. Fifteen thousand Scots lay dead, and David himself, with 
the flower of his nobility, remained in the hands of the conquerors. The 
broken shaft of Nevill's Cross still marks the scene of carnage. After the 
battle of Poictiers the Scots ransomed their king, and concluded a peace for 
five and twenty years. Henry IV., ha-\dng ascended the throne, upon the depo- 
sition and murder of the unfortunate Richard II., granted to Newcastle a 
charter, by which the to^vn and its suburbs were separated from the county 
of Northumberland and made into a count}^ of itself, under the title of the 
county of Newcastle. 

Among the great days of this ancient town was that on which, in 1503, 
the Princess Margaret, daughter of Henry VIL, passed through Newcastle, 
on her way to Scotland, where she was to become the bride of James IV. 
Leland, who gives a detailed description of the journey of the princess, tells 
us, that Margaret and her splendid retinue were m^et about three miles from 
Newcastle, by the Prior of Tynemouth and Sir Ralph Harbottle, the former 
attended by thirty, and the latter by forty, richly attired horsemen. Upon 
entering the bridge the procession was joined by the Earl of Northumberland 
and his retinue, the coUegiates, the carmelite friars, the mayor, the sheriff, 
and the aldermen, clad in their several modes. Then, as old Leland teUs 
us, " at the bryge end, upon the gatt, was many children, revested of surpeliz, 
synggyng mellodiously hympnes, and playing on instruments of many sortes." 
Within the town, all the houses of the burgesses were decorated, and the 
streets, house-tops, and rigging of the shipping, were filled with spectators, 
including "gentylmen and gentylwomen in so grett number that it was a 
playsur for to see," 

The annals of Newcastle in past ages are chiefly filled up with accounts 
of wranglings and fightings between the English and Scotch in times of 
enmity, processions and f eastings in times of peace, and terrible visitations of 



I 



' Kixa CRAELES a PRISONEIt. ^ 165 

the plague, 'wliicli seem to hare been more frequent liere than in almost any- 
other town in the kingdom. In 1603, King James spent four days here, on 
his way to London, to become crowned King of England. He was received 
at the gates of the to^ai by the mayor, aldermen, and councillors, who pre- 
sented the burghal keys and sword, together mth a purse of gold, to his 
majesty, who graciously returned the former, and as graciously, retained the 
latter. On the Sunday, the king attended divine service at the church, 
where the Bishop of Durham preached before him, and on the Monday he 
visited the whole of the town, releasing all prisoners, " except for treason, 
murther, and papistrie." The towuismen of Newcastle were so elated at the 
royal visit, that "they thankfully bare all the charges of the king's household 
during the time of his abode with them," and, if we are to believe history, 
James must have been anything but displeased to let his new subjects take 
this honour to themselves. On the occasion of a temporary visit to Scotland, 
fourteen years after, James again visited Newcastle, and again was he pre- 
sented with a purse of gold by the municipality. 

We find Newcastle much involved in the turmoils of the civil v/ar, and 
there seems to have been a strange mixture of loj^alty and republicanism 
afloat at that period in the town and neighbourhood, for Charles I., in 1646, 
ha^^ng fled from his enemies in the midland and southern counties, took 
refuge at Newcastle,- and placed himself under the protection of the Scottish 
army, by whom he was kept in a sort of honourable confinement. Bourne 
tells us, " that upon his majesty's entrance into Newcastle, he wa.s caressed 
with bonfires and ringing of bells, drums and trum-pets, and peals of ordn?.nce, 
but guarded by 300 of the Scottish horse, those near him bareheaded." V/e 
are also fui-ther informed, " that the king and his train had liberty every day 
to go and play goff, in the Shield-field, without the w^alls." The people, on 
one occasion, took a singular mode of showing their sympathy for him. "A 
httle while after the king's coming to Newcastle," says Whitelock, "a Scotch 
minister preached boldly before him, and, when his sermon was done, called 
for the fifty-second Psalm, which begins — 

' Why dost tlaou, tyrant, boast thyself. 
Thy wicked works to praise ?' 

Whereupon liis Majesty stood up, and called for the fifty-sixth Psalm, \Yhicli 
bes;ins — ■ 

o 

' Have mei'cy, Lord, on me, I pl'sy^ 
For men -would me devour!' 

The people waived the minister's Psalm, and sang that Vvhicli the king had 
called for." 

Charles, however, was imprudent enough to attempt an escape from New- 
castle under circumstances which presented very little prospect of success, and 
a consequence of bis failure was, that the remainder of his residence in that 
town was rendered more irksome. The troops, Bourne tells us, discomfitted the 
fallen monarch :-^" The king, having an antipathy against tobacco, was much 



166 HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE-rPON-TYNE, 

disturbed hj their bold and continual smoking in his presence." At length, 
in the next following year, the Scots gave Charles up to the Euglish, and 
the unfortunate monarch was marched off to London. The historical pro- 
ceedings of Newcastle, after the termination of the civil war, settled down 
into mere annals, disturbed only in two instances — the rebellions of 1715 
and 1745 — on both which occasions Newcastle appeared among the defenders 
of the Hanoverian line. 

In December, 1831, the cholera commenced its ravages in Newcastle and 
Gateshead, from which time, up to March, 1832, it had carried away 544 
persons. The two towns were again visited by this dreadful scourge in 1849, 
and in 1853 they experienced a third visitation, when 1,920 persons became 
its victims. 

Since the above pages were written, a new and melancholy interest, a deep 
tragic interest, has been given to the sister towns of Newcastle and Gateshead, 
by events which have recently occurred. A little after midnight, on the 
morning of the 6th of October of the present year (1854), a fire broke out 
on the premises of a worsted factory, on the Gateshead side of the river. 
Like most buildings in which extensive machinery is planted upon wooden 
floors, this factory might be said to be steeped in oil, and it was therefore 
presently one body of fire. The flames spread to a contiguous building at the 
foot of Hillgate, in which great quantities of sulphur had been stored. It 
came out in torrents, like streams of lava, and, as it met the external air, 
began to burn, and its combustion illuminated the river and its shipping, the 
Tyne Bridge, the High Level Bridge, and the church steeples of Newcastle, 
spreading over every object its lurid and purple light. The neighbouring ware- 
houses were now enveloped in flames, and from their various floors huge masses 
of melted tallow and lead flowed in copious streams. Large numbers of persons 
were everywhere engaged in endeavouring to arrest the progress of the destruc- 
tive element, and as the flames reached the bonded warehouse their activity 
and anxiety were redoubled. A detachment of military, fifty strong, hastened 
down, with their barrack engine to assist those already at work, and other aid 
was telegraphed for. A slight concussion warned the gathering crowd that 
there was something more perilous than sulphur in the burning pile, but it 
was naturally supposed that with the shock the danger had ceased. A few 
minutes later, and the misinterpreted warning received a terrible fulfilment. 
The air was rent as with the voice of many thunders, and filled as if with 
the spume of a volcano. The rocky bases of Tyneside trembled, the High 
Level Bridge shook like a piece of thin wire, and the surface of the river 
was agitated as if by a violent storm. At towns twelve miles off, and even 
twenty miles at sea, the vibration was felt. Massive walls were crumpled 
into heaps, blocks of houses tumbled into ruin, windows shattered from their 
frames far and near, and a shower of burning timbers and crashing stones 
rained terror, death, and fresh destruction on every side. Of the fifty 
soldiers advancing with their engine, thirty were struck down — two of them 
dead, and one with an iron rail driven into his body. Firemen and helping 
citizens were crushed where they stood. Some, looking on in helpless 



CONFLAGRATION, ETC. 167 

excitement, were in a moment striken beyond consciousness. Some perished 
under their own roofs, while others fell beneath the descending fragments. 

A battle field could not have yielded a more horrible tragedy. Limbs were 
torn away, bones fractured, lumps of w^ood forced into the human body, 
hot stones buried in the flesh, burning sulphur wrapped round unconscious 
victims, and every conceivable injury inflicted upon man, woman, and child. 
It a curious fact that, in a great many instances, those who were on Newcastle 
Quay, witnessing the fire at the time of the explosion, did not hear the 
tremendous report which awoke the country for miles around. They describe 
themselves to have been lifted from their feet as by some unseen power, and 
thrown down, the violence of the prostration stunning their faculties, and 
when they awoke from their stupor, they had only a dim idea of a great 
rolling sound having been in their ears. For some minutes the matter 
remained incomprehensible to those who found themselves in the act of arising 
from the ground at the same time with scores of others, and some who reco- 
vered sooner than their neighbours fied in terror of they knew not wdiat, 
over the bodies of those who were lying thickly in the street, oiT their faces 
or their backs. 

Soon as the tremendous shock had ceased, were seen the workings of those 
faculties in the use of which man looks god-like. No moment of precious time 
was lost in timid flight or useless wailing. Sorrow w^as put off in the agony 
of present strife. The explosion was over, but some of its victims might be 
saved even from the burning ruins. The fire was spreading north and south, 
and the whole town might be consumed. Other engines were brought up by 
rail and river, while fresh soldiers replaced their disabled comrades. The 
ships that were in danger were moved out of the way, and the fire was 
extinguished in those that had been ignited by the lighted brands. Happily 
there was plenty of water, and no wind. Thus encouraged, as many as could 
get near enough to help worked as one man, while tens of thousands watched 
from wherever watchers could get foot-hold, with aw^e, with eagerness, and 
hope. No danger, not the hot embers nor the shaking walls, deterred the 
firemen from carrying his hose, or the excavator from moving on w-ith his. 
pick, if hope or duty pointed the way, while every leaping jet and courageous 
venture was cheered by the impatient lookers-on. The fallen and w^ouaded 
were conveyed to the infirmary and dispensary, where they received succour 
and shelter, and the houseless were taken under the neighbouring roofs. 

The wreck, &c., in Gateshead may be described in the following manner : — ■ 
First, at the east end of Hillgate, and forming the limit of the eruption, was 
the well know^n vinegar manufactory of Messrs Singers, which was totally 
demolished, while proceeding from this point up the quay, a range of houses, 
followed by the exploded bond warehouses, Messrs. Carr's timber yard, Messrs. 
Wilson's worsted manufactory, and lastly the engine manufactory of Mr. 
Bulcraig, this latter place forming the w-estern limit. Running parallel with 
these premises, but on the opposite side of Hillgate, commencing with the 
shop of Mr. Lumsden, grocer, was a large cluster of houses, while the laige 
flour-mill of Mr. Davison was closely contiguous. These from their proximity 



168 HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYKE. 

to the worsted mill and bonded warehouse, received the fall force of the con- 
cussion, and were totally destroyed. The houses in Church Walk were also 
entirely demolished. A short way beyond Bulcraig s engine-works another 
disastrous scene presented itself. The property at this place formed the left 
side of Bridge-street, from Tyne Bridge up to Hillgate, and, as the back of 
these premises consisted of numerous factories, nothing could describe their 
bulged and tottering condition more forcibly than comparing them to having 
been subjected to some heavy cannonade, while the valuable commodities 
within them were laid waste by the same ruinous process. The whole of 
Cannon-street, situated on the south side of St. Mary's Churchyard, was from 
end to end a mass of ruins. The ruins on Newcastle Quay extended from 
the Sandhill to the Custom House, and reached almost as far back as Butcher 
Bank. In the foreground, there was, as at Gateshead, little to meet the eye 
but a mass of blackened rubbish, but, further back, portions of houses were 
left standing in all manner of attitudes. Here a gable stood alone — there a house 
was cut into a section, and presented to the spectator all the domestic arrange- 
ments which the unfortunate inmates had made befoi'e the catastrophe over- 
took them. In some parts one end of a house had fallen, leaving the roof half 
supported by that which still stood, while others were all but utterly demolished. 
The number of killed and wounded amounted to upwards of -270 persons, of 
w^hom 25 were killed, in Gateshead, on the spot, and five in Newcastle — three 
died subsequently in Gateshead, and 10 in the Newcastle Infirmarj^ — the 
remainder were all more or less injured. The value of the property destroyed 
was more than £1,000,000. In conclusion we may quote the words of Prince 
Albert, who, on being informed of this dreadful conflagration, observed, that 
"there was commonly some good came out of every evil," and Gateshead, the 
severest sufferer will soon rise, phoenix-like, from its ashes. Already, the 
precedent of the Great Fire in London, following within twelve months upon 
the Great Plague, and purging it out for ever is upon every tongue. Gates- 
head and Newcastle had last year the cholera raging, week after week, in 
those very quarters which the shock of the explosion has overthrown, or the 
red hand of conflagration has expunged. That calamity cost nearly two 
thousand lives — this about fifty, and though to the latter must be added 
a money loss of even a million sterling, great will be the gain — the ruined 
" chares " being so rebuilt that never more shall death hold carnival within 
their strait acclivities. If the men of Tjmeside think not so, now the first 
smart of suffering is over, they are not the sturdy vanguard of English pro- 
gress we have been wont to deem them. 

EXTINCT MONASTIC EDIFICES. 

The early monasteries and religious houses of Monkchester, having been 
destroyed during the Danish invasions, were restored shortly after the Nor- 
man Conquest. The first of the revived monastic establishments was St. 
Bartholomew's Convent of Benedictine nuns, which was founded by Baron 
Hylton, of Hylton Castle^ in the county of Durham. It was munificently 



EXTINCT MONASTIC EDIFICES. ~ ] 69 

endowed, and among its numerous benefactors we find the names of the kings 
of England and Scotland, two bishops of Durham, and many other eminent 
and distinguished persons. At the dissolution of religious houses this convent 
was given to William Barantyne Kenclure Throckmorton, and Henry Annet- 
son, from whom it passed to Lady Gaveere, and afterwards to Robert Anderson. 
It was removed diuring the excavations for the new streets, in 1835, but its 
site is still commemorated in the name of Nun-street. 

The Dominican Convent was situated near the head of Westgate-street, and 
was founded in 1350, by Sir Peter Scot, the first magistrate of Newcastle, 
who bore the title of mayor. The church of this convent is memorable as 
being the place in which Baliol did homage for the Scottish crown. At the 
Dissolution the convent was granted to the mayor and burgesses of the town, 
with a reservation to the crown, of the bells, iron, lead, stones, and timber of 
the church and other buildings. The church or chapel still remains, and is 
now converted into the ground floor of the Smiths' Hall. 

The Carmelites had their first convent in Newcastle, on the Y/all Knoll, 
but subsequently they removed the convent of the Order of Sac, in 
Hanover Square, where they remained till the suppression of the monastic 
establishments, when their house was granted to Richard Gresham and 
Richard Billingford, passing afterwards into possession of Dr. Askev/, who 
erected a handsome mansion upon its site, in 1740, 

The Fkanciscan Convent was situated on the west side of Pilgrim-street, 
near the nunnery of St.- Bartholomew, and was established in the reign of 
Henry III., by the Carliol family. At the Dissolution it became the property 
of the Earl of Essex, James Rokesby, and others. This convent produced 
many eminent scholars, among whom we may mention Duns Scotus, Dr. 
Hugh, and Friar Martin. 

The Augustinian Convent. — This establishment, noted as being the 
burial place of many of the Northumbrian princes, was founded by William 
Ross, Baron of Wark-upon-Tweed, about the year 1390. According to Grey, 
" it possessed a fair church, and stately and beautiful cloisters." It was 
suppressed in 1539. We may form some idea of its extent, by the many 
buildings, which, until recently, occupied its area. The Hall of the Barber 
Surgeons, the Hospital of Jesus, Biackett's Hospital, Davison's Hospital, 
All Saints' Charity School, a workhouse, and a penitentiary. Several of these 
buildings were removed in 1847, to form the railway, 

St. Michael's Peiory. — This establishment situated on the Wall Knoll, 
was instituted in 1360, for the use of the order of " Trinitarians" or 
*' Maturines." It was suppressed in 1539 and the property granted to Richard 
Gresham and PJchard Billingford. Its site is now occupied by very mean 
tenements, some of which have been raised on the old walls of the priory. 

An Hospital dedicated to the Blessed Virgin stood on the north bank of 
the Ouseburn at Jesmond. It was granted to the Corporation by Edward 
VI., and was by that body sold to Sir John Brandling. The chapel, a pic- 
turesque ruin on the north bank of the Ouseburn, still exists, and contributes 
an attractive feature to a rich and interesting landscape. 

l 3 



XTO HISTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 

A Maison De Dieu, built in 1012, by Roger Thornton, a wealthy mer- 
chant of the town, stood formerly on the south side of the Sandhill, it was 
granted to the Corporation of Newcastle in 1624. Five chapels dedicated 
respectively to the Blessed Virgin, St. John, St. James, St. Lawrence, and 
St. Thomas the Martyr, and all apparently connected more or less with mon- 
astic institutions, besides several other ancient chapels, were formerly situated 
in the town and suburbs of Newcastle, but their sites cannot now be satisfac- 
torily traced. A sketch of the various religious orders which flourished in 
this country anterior to the Reformation, will be found in the History and 
Description of Holy Island. — (u-hich see. J 

FORTIFICATIONS, &c. 

Among the fortifications of Newcastle, the Castle from which the tov\-n 
derives its name, claim's pre-eminence. This edifice, as has been previously 
remarked, stands in an irregular open area, called the Castle Garth, north west 
of the Sandhill, south of the Side, and is accessible by many crooked allej-s. 
It was erected by Robert Curthose the eldest son of the Conqueror, and was 
formerly surrounded by two strong and high walls, which enclosed an area of 
more than three acres. The keep covers an area of 76 feet, by 66 feet, is 
from 14 to 17 feet thick in its walls, and its height from the surface of the 
ground to the top of the lowest battlement of the tower, is upw^ards of 97 feet. 
A flight of nineteen steps within the inner w^all which enclosed the keep, 
conducts to an exceedingly strong portal, the entrance to the outer tower; 
another flight of twenty-four steps conducts to a guard-room of 13 feet by 12, 
the interior of which appears to have been highly embellished, and a third 
and short flight of eight steps leads thence, by a lofty and imposing portal, 
to the state apartments, which are marked by much antique grandeur. A 
winding staircase from the ground floor to the summit of the castle, and 
galleries communicating with each other exist in the thickness of the walls. 
Near the grand entrance is the chapel, an apartment about 46 feet wide by 
20, now shorn of its beauty, but evidently once a highly-adorned Norman 
edifice. This castle maintained its place among the fortifications of the north 
till the latter part of the fifteenth century, when its days of degradation com- 
menced. It was farmed by the Company of Tailors from 1605 to 1 615. For 
what purpose the Tailors required it does not appear to be known ; but they 
paid for it an annual rent of one pound sterling. It was granted by James I., 
in 1618, to Alexander Stevenson, one of the pages of the bedchamber, for 
fifty years, at a rental of forty shillings per annum. The subsequent history 
of the castle is anything but a feudal one, the bright days of the old struc- 
ture were long departed. In 1808 it became the property of John Turner, Esq., 
of London, v?ho sold it to the corporation for 900 guineas. Upon its coming 
into the possession of the municipality, they instantly set about its restoration, 
and in 1848, they let it at a nominal rent to the Newcastle Antiquarian 
Society, and the two bodies have agreed to expend a certain sum on the 
restoration of the interior. An Antiquarian Society could hardly possess a 
more fitting locale. 



:fobtifications, etc. 171 

The \Talls, gates, and militarv toT\-ers of Newcastle, aided by the Tyne on 
the south, and the deep glens of Ouseburn and Pandon Dean on the west, 
caused this town, in Leland's time, to be regarded as one of the most strongly 
fortified places in Eui'ope. But since 174 5, advancing population and com- 
merce have ground most of these fortifications to dust, yet enough still 
remains to show what they have been. The town wall was upwards of two 
miles in circuit, from twelve to twenty feet high, and eight feet thick. It 
was perforated by six or seven strongly embattled gates, and defended by 
numerous towers. All the gates were in existence about sixty or seventy 
years ago, and of the numerous towers, about a dozen still survive. They are 
repaired and kept in order, and applied to various useful purposes — very burghal 
and commercial, but very anti-feudal. One is the Shipwrights' Hall, one the 
Masons' Hall, while the w^eavers, the colliers, the glaziers, the plumbers, the 
armourers, the felt-makers, the curriers, and other trades, have all succeeded 
in obtaining halls for their meetings, in some or other of these old towers. 

The Gates. — Sandgate is said to have received its name from its being 
built on the sands thrown up by the tide, w^hich, previous to the building of 
the quay, flowed considerably above the place where this gate stood. It was 
removed in 1798. Pandon Gate, supposed to have been embodied in the 
Roman Wall, and possessing curious marks of antiquity and strength, was 
demolished in 1795. Pilgrim Gate, a low, arched, and thick structure, stood 
at the head of Pilgrim-street, and was taken down in 1802. Newgate crossed 
the street to which it gave name, at the west end of Blackett-street. It was 
defended by massive outworks, and its towers, in former times, served for a 
jail. It w"as removed in 1822, at which time a portcullis and several large 
cannon-balls were discovered in its walls. The Westgate, contaming four 
wards, "with huge oak and iron doors," and described as a " mightie strong 
thing," stood on the street to which it gave name, at the end of Cross-street, 
and was taken down in 1811= The Closegate, a heavy and repulsive structure, 
stood on the Close, on a line with the Sandhill, in the immediate neighbour- 
hood of the Tyne, upon whose margin stood a tower which communicated 
with Closegate. 

Daring the period that walls and towers were needed, the inhabitants of 
Newcastle were divided into twenty-four wards, or divisions, for the better 
defence of the town. To each of these wards a portion of the walls, and a 
certain number of towers w^ere assigned, so that in the event of any attack 
there might be no confusion, but that each ward might march to its proper 
place, and there defend the town against its assailants. 

CHURCHES. 

All the tow-n and county of Newcastle-upon-Tyne is included in the parish 
of St. Nicholas, W'itli the parochial chapelries of All Saints, St. Andrew, 
St. John, and St. Ann, whose churches we shall now proceed to describe. 

St.. ^.Nicholas's Church occupies a fine position on the top of a bold 
eminence, which rises abruptly from the river neaily to tho centre of the 



173" HISTOEY OF XEYTCASTLE-UPOlN^-TTXE. 

towu. It was erected by Osmund, Bishop of Salisburj, in tlie year ]09l, 
subsequent to wMcb it was destroyed by fire, and rebuilt in 1359. Since 
this latter period it has undergone many extensive alterations and repairs, 
and as it stands is at once the the most conspicuous, as well as the most 
antiquely beautiful and imposing of all the town's rich assemblage of edifices. 
It is a cruciform structure, in the decorated style of English architecture, 
consisting of nave and aisles, transepts, choir and aisles, and a steeple which 
has been described by almost every writer who has spoken of Newcastle. 
This steeple is believed to have been erected in the reign of Henry YI., 
previous to which period, the tower was surmounted only by a battlement of 
open stone-work and embrasures, and it is also probable that the body of the 
chm'ch was newly roofed at the same period. This steeple is upwards of two 
hundred feet in height. From the ground to the battlements it is divided 
into three stages, or architectural designs, the lower one being pierced by the 
principal entrance a,nd a noble window. At the corners of the tower are bold 
buttresses, sm^mounted by octagonal turrets, with crocketted pinnacles. From 
the bases of these turrets spring four flying buttresses, of very graceful 
form, with crocketted edges, and from their points of intersection, near the 
centre, rises a very light and elegant square lantern, with a crocketted pyra- 
midal sphe at its summit and crocketted pinnacles for its angles. The whole 
appearance of this crowning termination is singularly graceful. It has been 
universally admired, and has furnished a model for the steeples of St. Giles's 
at Edinburgh, St. Dunstan's in the East, at London, and many other 
churches. The tower contains a peal of eight very musical bells, the largest 
of which was placed in the tower in December, 1833. The clock and chimes 
were put up in 1761, and its dials, facing north and south, iUuminated vdth 
gas in December, 1829. 

The extreme dimensions of this church are, from east to west, 245 feet, and 
from north to south, in the transepts, 128 feet. The grand entrance is in the 
west front, under a deep pointed arch over which is a fine large window of 
five lights, ornamented with tracery. The north side of the nave was, some 
time ago, newly faced, and, with the exception of its windows, the style of 
the original has been strictly preserved. The north transept is enclosed with 
an iron railing, and is remarkable for the beauty of its windows, especially the 
northern one, v/hich is an exquisite piece of workmanship, consisting of five 
lights, separated by lofty mullions, and ornamented with elegant tracery. 
The east end contains a splendid seven-light window with flowing tracery, 
which lights the chancel. It is said to have been built by the beneficent 
Eoger Thornton, the elder, and tradition tells us that it formerly contained 
representations of the twelve apostles, and the seven corporal works of mercy, 
with this inscription : — 

OeATE PEO AXIilA EOGEEI ThOEXTON ET PRO AKIMABUS FjLIOStJ:*! 
ET FiLElEUM. 

On the south side of the nave there are three narrow plain windows, each 
consisting of three long pointed lights and three small ones at the top, formed 



CHUEOHES. 173 

by the intersection of the mullions, which seem of a piece with the original 
structure. Specimens of the plain, square, upright, buttress are also still 
attached to this portion of the building. The south transept, usually called 
St. Mary's porch, contains a very fine window of five lights, similar in style 
to that at the eastern end of the church. 

Having now taken a hasty survey of the exterior, let us examine the 
interior of this venerable edifice. On entering the great west door of this 
ancient structure, the stranger will immediately notice its cathedral-like 
appearance. The boldness of the elevated groined roof, and the massive 
pillars by which the lofty fabric of the tower is supported — the solemn effect 
of the light and shade presented through the arches by wdiich the aisles are 
divided — all combine to produce mingled sensations of awe and gratification. 
It is in very truth ; — 

" A dim and mighty minster of old time ! . 
A temple sliadowy with remembrances 
Of the majestic past ! The very hght 
Streams with a colouring of heroic days 
In every ray which leads through arch and aisle 
A path of dreamy lustre, wandering back 
To other years." 

The font is situated near the western entramce. It is a plain octagonal 
m.arble vase, supported by a fluted octahedral stone column rising from a 
similarly formed base, elevated on a broad stone pedestal two steps high, 
and its eight faces are each sculptured with a shield of arms. Suspended 
over the font by four light pillars resting on its rim is a rich and lofty canopy, 
which, as a specimen of carved work, is a masterpiece of its kind. The 
design consists of two stories, or rather tower upon tower, surmounted by a 
lofty pinnacle. These towers are both octahedral, and, though diversified 
throughout their corresponding parts by fanciful embellishments, yet so 
skilfully has the elaborate design been disposed in its minutest detail that 
every distinct feature seems expressly in place, and appears indispensable to 
the beauty and elegance of the v/hole. This beautiful work of art formerly 
stood in the north transept. The south transept is handsomely stalled with 
a portion of the old oak furnishings which adorned the choir previous to the 
innovations of 1783. The chancel exhibits much of the character of the nave, 
except in its windows, which are considerably larger. The organ, a magni- 
ficent instrument, is placed over the principal entrance to the choir. It con- 
tains twenty-two stops, and was erected about the year 1676. The principal 
feature in this part of the church is the great east window, already mentioned. 
The centre compartment is occupied by a fine figure of the Redeemer 
bearing the cross, with the sponge and other adjuncts of the passion annexed. 
The figure of the suffering Saviour, which is 5 feet 2 inches in height, was 
executed by Mr. John Gibson, of this town, in a style which reflects the 
highest credit on his artistic skill and talent. Beneath this window there is a 
valuable altar-piece, by Tintoretto, presented by Sir Matthew White Ridley, 
Bart., in 1818. The subject of this painting is, Jesus washing the feet of 



174 HISTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 

his disciples. This church contains several fine specimens of sculpture, and 
a great variety of sepulchral monuments, which will amply repay a careful 
inspection. It would be impossible in the compass of this volume to do 
justice to them, being of themselves sufficient to occupy the whole of our pages 
were adequate descrii^tions of them to be given, they can only be mentioned 
generally, therefore, as a fine collection in this department of art. 

Of all the northern churches this is stated to have been the richest in the 
number and beauty of its chantries, w^hich, at the time of the Dissolution, 
amounted to nine or ten. These chantries were endowed with lands and 
other revenues for the support of the chaplains. The living is now a vicarage 
in the archdeaconry of Northumberland and deanery of New"castle, rated at 
;£50, gross income, £833. Patron, the Bishop of Carlisle. — Vicar, the Rev. C, 
Moody — Curate, the Rev. C.C. Snow^den, M.A. — Afternoon Lecturer, the 
Rev. John Reed, B.A. The parish register commences in 1558. 

Adjoining the church on the south side is St. Nicholas's and Dr. Tomlin- 
son's Library, containing many valuable and curious w^orks. It is open to the 
public gratuitously every day (Sundays and holidays excepted) from ten to twelve. 

St. Andeew's Chuech is situated on the west side of Newgate-street, and 
is traditionally asserted to be the oldest church in Newcastle ; its erection 
being ascribed to David, the church and abbey building monarch of Scotland. 
Its style of architecture seems to have been originally Norman, but, as a 
whole, the building has been much modified by frequent alterations and 
repairs. We find this church mentioned as early as 1218, and in 1280 the 
judges held their courts in this edifice. It subsequently underwent extensive 
repairs, but it suffered so much during the siege of Newcastle, in 1644, that 
there was a cessation of service within its walls for more than a year. The 
tower of this church is low in proportion to its height, but is thought to have 
been different before the siege just alluded to, when it, in common wdth the 
chancel, sustained great injury. Since the period just mentioned it has been 
extensively repaired several times. There is a fine painting of the " Last 
Supper," by Giardino, in this church, w-hich also possesses a splendid service 
of plate, and a fine organ containing twenty -nine stops. St. Andrew's formerly 
possessed three chantries, but they were dissolved at the suppression of the 
religious houses. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the patronage of the 
Vicar of Newcastle, and the incumbency of the Rev. Richard Buckeridge, 
M.A. The register commences in 1597. 

All Saints' Chuech is situated on the brow of a steep bank, on the 
south side of Silver-street, at the foot of Pilgrim-street. It was erected in 
1796, at a cost of ^97,000, on the site of the former church of All Saints, 
which was erected previous to the year 1284, but the precise date is not 
knowm. It is an elliptical structure of 86 feet by 79, and in the Grecian style 
of architecture, the spire having an elevation of 902 feet. This elegant 
edifice is constructed of freestone, and the pews are all formed of mahogany. 
The living is a perpetual curacy, in the patronage of the Vicar of Newcastle, 
gross income £330. Incumbent, the Rev. Walter Irvine. The register 
commences in 1600. 



CHUECHES. . 175 

St. John's Church, situated on the west side of Westgate-street, is a large 
cruciform structure, probably of the age of Edward I., and chiefly of the early 
English character, but greatly affected by comparatively modern alterations 
and enlargements. It is surmounted by a quadrangular embattled tower, 
and contains a font venerable for its antiquity, several ancient monuments, 
an altar piece, and a painted window, by Mr. Gibson, of New'Castle. This 
church, anterior to the Reformation, possessed three chantries, Avhich under- 
went the fate of the other religious establishments at that period. The 
register commences in 1587. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the 
patronage of the Yicar of Newcastle, gross income ^259. Incumbent, the 
Eev. H. W. Wright, M.A. 

St. Anne's Chapel is situated on the north side of the New Road. It 
was erected by the corporation, on the site of an old chapel dedicated to the 
same saint, and is a neat and commodious structure, erected with materials 
taken from that part of the town's wall which extended along the quay. This 
chapel was licensed as a district church, for baptisms, marriages, and deaths, 
in 1842. It will accommodate about 490 persons. The living is a curacy, 
gross income £110. Incumbent, the Rev. George Heriot, M.A. 

St. Peter's Church, Oxford-street, was erected in 1843, as a chapel of 
ease to St. Andrew's. It is in the Gothic style, from a design by Mr. Dobson, 
and is capable of accommodating 1,134 persons. The chancel is ornamented 
with beautiful stained glass window^s, and a painting of the " Crucifixion," 
by Reed. It was formed into a separate ecclesiastical district in 1844. The 
patronage of this church is vested in the Crow^n and Bishop of Durham alter- 
nately. Incumbent, the Rev. C. A. Raines, M.A. 

St. Thomas's Chapel and St. Mary Magdalen's Hospital is situated at 
Barras Bridge. This beautiful structure was erected in 1830, from a design 
by Mr. Dobson, at a cost of £6,000. Since its opening its accommodation 
has been increased by the erection of galleries — a new organ has also been 
added. This church will accommodate 1,500 persons. Patrons, the Cor- 
poration of New'castle. Rev. R. Clayton, M.iV., chaplain. 

CHURCHES AND CHAPELS NOT CONNECTED WITH THE 
ESTABLISHED CHURCH. 

The places of worship unconnected with the Established Church are 
numerous in Newcastle, and some of them are large, commodious, and hand- 
some edifices. 

Catholics. — Catholicism has rapidly increased in this town, and indeed all 
through the kingdom, of late years, and its churches and chapels, some of them 
truly magnificent, are now to be found in almost every town of consequence. 
After the death of Dr. Thomas Watson, of Lincoln, the last Catholic bishop 
consecrated previous to the reign of Elizabeth, the Catholic church in this 
country became a foreign mission under the Holy See, which placed the 
secular clergy under an arch-priest, the Rev. G. Black well, with episcopal 
jurisdiction, which continued till 1623, when Gregory XV., deputed to the 



176 HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 

government of the English and Scottish Catholics, Dr. William Bishop, con- 
secrated Bishop of Chalcedon, with the power and jurisdiction of an ordinary. 
After his death he was succeeded by Dr. Eichard Smith, who received the 
same title and jurisdiction. It appeared afterwards, at the commencement- 
of the reign of James II., that more favourable days were about to arise 
for the Catholic religion, and Innocent XL, immediately profitting by this 
circumstance, in 1685, deputed John Le3^burn, Bishop of Adrumetum, as 
Vicar-xlpostolic of all the kingdom of England, and, in three years 
afterwards, joined with him three other Vicars-Apostolic, Bishops in 
jjcirtihus ] dividing at the same time England into four districts, and 
assigning one to each Vicar- Apostolic. This arrangement continued 
till the pontificate of Gregory XVL, w^ho, in 1840, increased the number 
of Vicariates and Vicars to eight; but in 1850, the present pope, as it is 
w-ell known, abrogated and annulled all previous arrangements, and for Vicars- 
Apostolic appointed by himself and removable at his pleasure, substituted an 
ordinary hierarchy of bishops who take their titles from sees in this country, 
and are elected by the chapters of the respective dioceses. By the same 
rescript the pope increased the number of bishops from eight to twelve, 
besides an archbishop, so that at present the Catholics of England have one 
ecclesiastical province, composed of an archbishop, or metropolitan, and of 
twelve bishops his suffragans, who take their titles from the following cities 
or towns in England, viz : — Westminster, Beverley, Birmingham, Clifton, 
Hexham, Liverpool, Newport, Northampton, Nottingham, Plymouth, Salford, 
Shrewsbur}', and Southwark. The Catholics of the north are included in the 
diocese of Hexham, which comprises the counties of Northumberland, Dur- 
ham, Cumberland, and Westmoreland. 

The Catholic Cathedral of St. Mary is situated on a very eligible 
site in West Clayton-street, close to the Central Bailway Station, and is 
a most successful revival of the old ecclesiastical structures of our country. 
It w^as erected from designs furnished by the celebrated architect, A. W. 
Pugin, Esq., and is a good specimen of the style of architecture w^hich 
flourished during the fourteenth century. It is in the form of a parallelogram, 
and consists of a nave and aisles, with deep chancel and lateral chapels. Its 
extreme dimensions are — from east to west, 135 feet — from north to south, 
60 feet 6 inches, and the tower and spire, when completed, will be 200 feet 
in height. The grand entrance is in the west front, which is splendidly deco- 
rated. The entrance doorway is deeply recessed and richly moulded, over 
which is the great west window, consisting of five lights, and tracery above. 
At the sides of this fine w^indow are two canopied niches — the left hand one 
containing a statue of Venerable Bede, and the right hand one a figure 
of St. Cuthbert, both carved iii Caen stone. The windows of this fine 
edifice are all of varied designs, some being headed with the geometrical 
tracery that was most common in the early part of the decorated period, 
and others with the flowing tracery of the latter periods of this stjde. 
The buttresses are plain, with offsets and triangular heads a little below 
the roof. The tower is at the south end, its lower part is made to serve 



CHUECHES AXD CHAPELS. 177 

as a soutli porch. At present, for want of funds to complete it, a tem- 
porary roof has been put on it at the height of its first stage. The door 
leading into the church from the porch is ornamented with rich mouldings, 
and in a niche over the doorway is a beautifully carved figure of the Blessed 
Virgin, with the infant Saviour, and angels bearing torches. Richly carved 
stoups, for holy water, are on both sides of the porch, which has stone 
benches running along its length. Tbe interior of the church is characterised 
by an elegance of arrangement which bespeaks the master-hand by which it 
was designed, and reminds you on entering, of some of the best efforts of 
the ancient church-builders in this country. Standing at the west end 
of the structure, the visitor sees before him the long drawn nave, with 
its open roof — the fine chancel, with its ever-burning light — the altar, with 
its richly crocketted canopies — and, over all, the 

" Storied windows, richly dight, 
Casting a dim, religions light." 

The nave is di^'ided into four bays, the piers are clustered, with plain capitals, 
and are ten feet in height, supporting equilateral arches, with mouldings 
belonging to the decorated style. The roof of the nave is open, and is 
supported by beautifully carved corbels. The pulpit, which is constructed of 
Caen stone, is of very elegant design, and is placed on the north side of the 
nave, against the first pillar. The font is situated at the west end of the 
south aisle. It is of octagonal form, in Caen stone, and is finely carved, with 
the figure of a lamb, and the symbols of the four Evangehsts. 

The chancel is 37 feet long, and consists of two parts ; the choir, raised one 
step above the nave, where the stalls for the chapter, choristers, &c., are 
placed ; and the sanctuary, which is one step higher than the choir. The 
chancel and side chapels are laid with encaustic tiles of various patterns. 
The rood-screen is not yet erected, but if the design of the architect be carried 
out, it will consist of open tracery work in stone, surmounted by a large 
crucifix and figures of the Blessed Virgin and the Beloved Disciple. The 
High Altar is of Caen stone, and its front is handsomely carved, with repre- 
sentations of the principal events in the life of the Blessed Virgin. Over the 
altar is a magnificent window of seven lights, occui^ying the whole eastern 
extremity of the chancel. It is what is commonly called a " Jesse mndow," 
and represents the genealogy of Christ, according to St. Matthew. At the 
bottom of the centre light, is Jesse seated on a throne, and from his loins 
springs a vine whose branches and leaves spread over the whole window, till 
the royal fruit from the root of Jesse appears at the top in the Infant 
Saviour in the arms of his Virgin Mother. This splendid window was the 
donation of the Dunn family. On the north side of the chancel is the chapel 
of the Blessed Sacrament, the area of which is 17 feet by IG feet. It contains 
a beautifully carved altar and reredos, together with a fine stained-glass 
window, whose centre light is filled with a full-length figure of the " Good 
Shepherd," the side lights representing Seraphim, This window was presented 
to the church by the Riddell family, of Feltou Park, whose arms are represented 



178 HISTOHY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 

at the bottom of tlie centre light. The north side of this chapel has two 
windows filled with stained-glass, bearing inscriptions having reference to 
the Blessed Sacrament. On the sonth side of the chancel is the chapel of 
our Lady — it is 18 feet in length bj 16 in breadth, and contains a beautiful 
altar and reredos of Caen stone, which are ornamented with some exquisite 
carvings. The east window of this chapel has, in its centre light, a figure of 
the Blessed Virgin, and in the side lights figures of St. George and St. John 
the Evangelist. This fine window was the gift of George Joseph Calej, Esq. 
Over the door in this chapel which leads into the cloister, is a small single 
light window, with a figure of St. Helena. Besides the windows above 
described the church contains a mortuary window to the memory of the Rev. 
James Worsmck, who was for m.any years the senior priest of Newcastle. The 
centre light contains a figure of St. James, and the side lights are filled with 
representations of the reverend gentleman administering the sacraments of 
the Catholic Church. There is also a mortuary window to the memory of the 
Rev. J. L. Eyre. The centre light is filled with a representation of the 
crucifixion, whilo the side lights exhibit the various emblems of the priest- 
hood, the chalice, paten, &c. In addition to these there is the " Bede 
Window," which was presented to the church by Mr. William Wailes, who 
executed the whole of the stained glass in the church, from designs by A. W. 
Pugin, Esq. In the centre light of this window is a full length figure of 
Venerable Bede, in his monastic habit, holding his various works in his 
right hand, and in the side lights the chief incidents of his life are repre- 
sented. Such is a slight description of this splendid edifice, vrhich occupied 
two years in building. It was opened on the 21st of August, 1844, on which 
occasion nine bishops and above seventy priests assisted at the solemn dedi- 
cation. Take the structure altogether, with its massive columns, lofty arches, 
vaulted roof, and cloistered aisles, and it must be acknowledged that it is a 
credit to the body to whom it belongs, and an ornament to the towm. The 
Very Rev. Canon Joseph Humble is the present pastor. 

The following are the dignitaries of the Catholic diocese of Hexham : — 

BISHOP. 

Right Reverend William Hogarth, D.D., Darhngton. 

PEOVOST. 



Very Reverend Willloi Fletcher, D.D., Durham, 

CANONS. 

Very Rev. T. A. Slater. 
„ „ Joseph Brown. 
,, .,j Phihp Kearney. 
,, ,, WiUiam Knight. 
„ „ Richard GiUow. 



Very Rev. Ralph Piatt. 
,,' „ Robei*t Smith. 
,, ,, Michael Gibson. 
„ ,, Wilham Thompson. 
,, ;, Joseph Humble. 



St. Andrew's Church, Pilgrim-street, was opened in 1798. It is a brick 
edifice, 90 feet in length by 36 in width, and having undergone extensive 
alterations ill 1830, ynH now accommodate upvrards of 1,500 persons. It 



CHUriCHES AND CHAPELS. 179 

contains two side gtilleries, and a very fine-toned organ. The altar is placed 
in an alcove which is surmounted by a beautiful painting of the Crucifixion, 
bj Maria Cosway. The Revs. J. A. Brown, T. Foran, and T. Hannigan, are 
the officiating priests. 

St, Pateick's Chuech, Wall Knoll, was erected in 1765 by a Presby- 
terian congregation, who gave it up in 1841. It was afterwards used as a 
Sunday School, and having been recently purchased by the Catholics, was 
opened according to the rites of their religion in June, 1853. The Ptev. J. 
Crawley is the present priest. 

Peesbyteeians. — The origin of Presbyterianism is referable to the period 
just succeeding the Reformation. When Calvin was invited to assume the 
government of the church at Geneva, he framed a code of church government 
which is recognised as the basis of the Presbyterian system, whose funda- 
mental principles are, — the existence in the church of but one order of minis- 
ters, all equal, and the power of these ministers, — assembled, with a certain 
proportion of the laity, in local and general synods — to decide all questions of 
church government and discipline arising in particular congregations. 

The Scottish Kirk adopts the Confession, Catechism, and Directory, pre- 
pared by the Westminster Assembly, as its standards of belief and worship. 
Its discipline is administered by a series of four courts or assemblies. 
(1) The Kirk Session is the lowest court, and is composed of the minister of a 
parish and a variable number of lay elders, appointed from time to time by 
the session itself. (2) The Presbytery consists of representatives from a cer- 
tain number of contiguous parishes, associated together in one district. The 
representatives are the ministers of all such parishes and one lay elder from 
each. This assembly has the power of ordaining ministers and licensing 
probationers to preach before their ordination — it also investigates charges 
respecting the conduct of members, approves of new communicants, and 
pronounces excommunication against offenders. An appeal, however, lies to 
the next superior court, viz : — (3) The Provincial Synod which comprises 
several presbyteries, and is constituted by the ministers and elders by whom 
these presbyteries themselves were last composed. (4) The General Assemhly 
is the highest court, and is composed of representatives, ministers, and elders, 
from the presbyteries, royal burghs, and universities of Scotland, to the num- 
ber, at present, of 363, of which number rather more than two-fifths are 
laymen. 

The National Church of Scotland has three presbyteries in England, that 
of London, containing five congregations, — that of Liverpool and Manchester, 
containing three congregations, — and that of the North of England, containing 
eight congregations. 

Various considerable secessions have from time to time occurred in the 
Presbyterian church. The principal of the seceding bodies hi these kingdoms 
are, — the " United Presbyterian Church,''' and the " Free Church of Scothntd,'' 
the former being an amalgamation effected in 1847, of the "Secession Church" 
(which separated in 1732), with the " Relief Synod" (which seceded in 175'-2.) 
and the latter having been constituted in 1843. Tlie " United Presbyterian 



180 HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 

Church'" has five presbyteries in England, containing seventy-six congrega- 
tions, of which, however, fourteen are locally in Scotland, leaving the num- 
ber locally in England, Q'2. The " Free Church of Scotland" has no ramifi- 
cations, under that name, in England, but various Presbyterian congregations 
which accord in all respects with that community, and which, before the 
disruption of 184:3, were in union with the Established Kirk, compose a 
separate Presbyterian body, under the appellation of the " Presbyterian Church 
in England,'' having in this portion of Great Britain, seven presbyteries and 
eighty-three congregations. 

Newcastle possesses eight places of worship belonging to the various sec- 
tions of the Presbyterian body. The largest of these is Trinity Church, 
which is situated in New Bridge-street. It was erected in 1847, from a 
design furnished by Mr. Dobson, and is in the early English style of archi- 
tecture. This edifice is 74 feet long by 39 broad, and possesses ample 
accommodation for 850 persons. Minister, the Ptev. T. Duncan. The 
Caledonian Chapel, Argyle-street, is a fine brick edifice, erected in 1841 ; 
it will accommodate 800 hearers. Rev. A. Broom, minister. The United 
Secession Chapel, Clavering Place, is a fine commodious structure. The 
congregation of this chapel was formed in 1801, and in 1808 they purchased 
premises in Clavering Place, which they used as a meeting house till 1822, 
when they were removed, and the present edifice constructed at a cost of 
£1,020. Two School-rooms and a dwelling house are attached to the chapel, 
which is capable of accommodating 655 persons. Rev. J. Pringle, minister. 
High - Bridge Chapel, belonging to the Scotch Presbyterians, was 
erected in 1766, and will accommodate 585 persons. Carliol-street 
Chapel, belong to the United Secession body, by whom it was erected in 
1823, at a cost of £1,430. It is a neat edifice, with a front of ashlar stone, 
but its deficiency of altitude detracts from its general appearance. The 
interior is neatly arranged and contains sittings for 568 persons. Rev. G. 
Bell, minister. Blackett-street Chapel, belongs to the same body as 
the chapel last mentioned. It was erected in 1821, at a cost of £1,350 by 
some members of the Original Presbyterian congregation, which assembled in 
the Castle Garth chapel. This chapel was embellished by a new Gothic front, 
from a design by Mr. John Green, in 1828. It contains seats for 576 persons. 
Groat-Market Chapel is situated between Groat-Market and Pudding- 
Chare, from each of which it has an entrance. It is a brick struc- 
ture, erected in 1715, and is capable of accommodating 506 persons. 
The John Knox Church, situated in Bewick-street and Clayton-street, 
is a handsome and substantial stone edifice, in the Gothic style of arcliitec- 
ture. It was erected by subscription, in 1854, at a cost of £2,043, exclusive 
of the amount paid for^ the site, which was purchased of Richard Grainger, 
Esq., for about £900. The church will accommodate 500 persons. Rev. 
Patrick Leslie Miller, minister. 

Independents, or CongregationAlists. — The great distinctive principle 
on which is based the separate existence of tbat large body called, indif- 
ferently, sometimes "Independents," sometimes " Congregationahsts," has 



CHURCHES AND CHAPELS. 181 

reference to the constitution of the congregations. Eejecting equally the 
episcopal and presbyterian model, congregational dissenters hold a " church" 
to be synonymous vdih a "select congregation," — and a Christian Church to 
be, therefore, a congregation of true believers. To express the total freedom 
of the body from exterior control, the term " Independency" is used, — to 
convey the idea that every member of the church participates in its adminis- 
tration, " Congregationalism," a more modern appellation, is adopted. Two 
descriptions of church of&cers are made use of in this body, pastors arrd 
deacons, the former instituted to promote the spiritual, and the latter to 
advance the temproal, welfare of the church. The only valid call to the 
pastorate is held to be an invitation to that office by an individual church, 
and where a person is invited thus, no license, as in Presbyterian, nor ordina- 
tion, as in Episcopal Churches, is considered to be requisite in order to 
confer authority to preach, or administer sacraments. Strll, after this elec- 
tion by an individual church, an ordination of the chosen minister, by minis- 
ters of the neighbourirrg churches, is esteemed a fitting introduction to office, 
and this custom has always beerr followed by the Iirdependent body. The 
doctrines of the Congregational Churches are almost identical with those 
embodied in the Articles of the Estabhshed Church, interpreted according to 
their Calvinistic meaning. The origin of Independency is referable to the 
latter portion of the sixteenth century. It is probable that some conventicles 
were secretly established soon after the accession of Elizabeth, but the first 
prominent advocate of Congregational principles appeared in 1580, in the 
person of Kobert Brown, who diff'used his sentiments by preaching from 
place to place. His followers, who were then called Brownists, w^ere treated 
with great rigour, down to the time of the Commonwealth, when they gained 
great strengtli, and their leaders were among the foremost men of the day. 
From the Restoration to the Revolution the Independents sufi^ered much, in 
common with other bodies of Dissenters, but since the latter period they have 
increased considerably. 

The Independent body possess two places of worship iir Newcastle, ^iz. — 
West Clayton-street and St. James's Chapels, the former of which is a fine 
commodious structure in the Roman style, and is capable of accommodating 
850 persons. The latter is a plain but well-built stone edifice, with a fine 
massive portico, of the Doric order, situate in Blackett-street. It was erected 
in 1826, from a design by John Dobson, Esq., at a cost of £2,218. The 
interior is well arranged, and contains sittings for upwards of 600 persons. 

Baptists. — The distinguishing tenets of the Baptists relate to two points, 
upon which they diff'er from nearly every other Christian denomination, viz., 
the proper subjects, and the proper mode, of baptism. They hold that adults 
are the only proper subjects of the ordinance, — and that immersion in water is 
the only proper mode in which that ordinance should be administered. These 
views are common to all Baptists. Upon other points, however, differences 
prevail, and separate Baptist bodies have in consequence been formed. In 
England, we have the following sections of this denomination : — Geneml 
(Unitarian) Baptists, General (New Connexion) Baptists, Particular Baptists, 



183 HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE-rPON-TIXE. 

Seventli Day Baptists, and Scotch Baptists. The " Seventh Day Baptists " 
differ from the other Baptists simpl}'- ou the ground that the seventh, not the 
first day of the week should be the one still held as the Sabbath, They have 
only two congregations in England and Wales. The " Scotch Baptists " 
derive their origin from the Rev. Mr. M'Lean, who, in 1765, established the 
first Baptist congregation in Scotland, Their sentiments are more Calvin- 
istic than those of the other Baptists. They possess fifteen congregations in 
England and Wales. 

The Baptists in this country date their origin from 1608, at which time 
the first Baptist congregation was formed in London. They have at present, 
(1 854), six places of worship in Newcastle. New Couet Chapel, the pro- 
perty of the Particular Baptists, is situated on the south side of Westgate- 
street. It was erected in ] 819, and is capable of accommodating 600 persons. 
TuTHiLL- Stairs Chapel was erected in 1797, at a cost of £1,300, and in 1820 
the accommodation w^as much increased by the erection of a new gallery at 
the west end. It now contains sittings for about 500 hearers. Providence 
Chapel, situated in Marlborough Crescent, was erected in 1835, for a 
congregation, of Particular Baptists, at a cost of £800, and it is capable 
of affording accommodation to 312 persons. Brandling Place Chapel is 
a small edifice erected in 1828. These two last named chapels are attended 
by the Revs. R. B. Sanderson, and R. B, Sanderson, jun. New Bridge-street 
Chapel was erected in 1839, for a Baptist congregation, which had seceded 
from the New Court Congregation, in 1824. It vail accommodate 227 
hearers. There is also a chapel in Forth-place, Bewick-street. It is a hand- 
some stone structure, erected in 1853 — Rev, Mr. Pottinger, minister. 

Friends. — The " Society of Friends" was founded by George Fox, the son 
of a Leicestershire weaver, who, in 1646, at the age of 22, commenced the 
public proclamation of his sentiments. The first assemblies of the Friends 
for separate religious worship were held in Leicestershire, in 1644. In eight 
yeaTs afterwards the society had extended itself throughout most of the north- 
ern counties, and before the Restoration meetings were established in nearly 
all the English and Welsh counties, as w^ell as in Ireland, Scotland, the 
West Indies and the British provinces of North America. The society in 
the United Kingdom is not now increasing its numbers. Small communities 
are to be found in parts of France, Germany, Norway, and Australia. 

The whole community of Friends is modelled somewhat on the Presbyterian 
system. They possess monthly, quarterly, and yearly meetings, for the 
management of their secular polity and spiritual discipline. The Monthly 
jMeetings, composed of all the congregations within a definite circuit, judge 
of the fitness of new candidates for membership, supply certificates to such 
as move to other districts, choose fit persons to be eJd.ers to watch over the 
ministry, attempt the reformation or pronounce the expulsion of all such as 
walk disorderly, and generally seek to stimulate the members to religious 
duty. They also make provision for the. poor of the society, and secure the 
education of their childi-en. At these meetings also, marriages are sanctioned 
previous to their solemnisation at a meeting for vrorship. Several monthly 



CHURCHES AKD CHAPELS. 183 

meetings compose a Quaeteely Meeting, to which they forward general 
reports of their condition, and at which appeals are heard from their decisions^ 
The Yeaely Meeting holds the same relatiYO position w^ith regard to the 
quarterly meetings as the latter do to the montiily meetings, and has the 
general superintendence of the society in a particular country. 

As the customary names of the days and months derive their origin from 
Pagan superstition, the Friends object to use them, substituting " first day," 
"second day," "first month," "second month," for "Sunday," "Monday," 
" Januaiy," and " February," respectively, and so on of the rest. From the 
jDeriod of the Revolution in 1688, the Friends have received the benefits of 
the Toleration Act, and are now eligible for public offices. 

The Friends possess one Meeting House in Newcastle, which is situated 
in Pilgrim-street. It was erected in 1805, upon a site which had been pur- 
chased in 1698. In 1812 it was enlarged, and since that time has under- 
gone several alterations, possessing at present ample accommodation for 500 
persons. Adjoining the building, on the side next the Manors, is a burial 
ground, a school room, and also a large room used occasionally for meetings. • 

Unitaeians. — The form of government among the Unitarians is essentially 
" congregational," each individual congregation ruling itself \\ithout regard 
to any courts or synods. The modern Unitarians differ from the ancient 
Anti-Trinitarians, chiefly by attributing to the Saviour less of divine and 
more of human nature. Indeed, He is described by several of their leading 
writers as a man " constituted in all respects like other men." His mission 
was, they say, to introduce, by God's appointment, a new moral dispensation, 
and His death they look upon, not as a sacrifice or an atonement for sm, but 
as a martyrdom in defence of truth. The Scriptures they believe to contain 
authentic statements, but do not allow the universal inspiration of the writers. 
Many of the modern Unitarians believe that all mankind wdU ultimately be 
restored to happiness. Until 1813, Unitarians were debarred of civil rights, 
but shice that period they have held the same position as all other Protestant 
Dissenters. 

The Unitarians have two places of worship in Newcastle, Hanovee Squaee 
Chapel, which was opened for service in ITS 6, but in 1810 it was consider- 
ably enlarged, and will now accommodate nearly 1,000 hearers. Minister, 
the Ptev. G. Harris. The Unitaeian Chuecpi dedicated to the worship of 
One God, the Father, was built, in 1854, upon a piece of ground, purchased 
of the corporation, in New Bridge-street, and is situated between the Triuity 
Presbyterian Church and the old tower which formerly defended the walls of 
the town. It is in the decorated style, and has two entrances, the southern 
one in New Bridge-street is very handsome. The church is in the form of a 
parallelogram, 7-1 feet long by 48 feet wide, the whole area beiug covered b}^ 
an open-timbered, high-pitched roof. The body of the church contains 300 
sittings, and there are galleries cJl round the sides of the building. Under 
the east gallery, and upoQ the ground floor, is the boys' school, which will 
accommodate 250 pupils. It is separated from the church by sliding 
doors, so that the school can be added to the church when requisite, 



184 HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPO^T-TYNE. 

Communicating with the boys' school is another for girls, on the exterior 
of the north side of the church. It possesses sufficient accommodation for 
100 scholars. 

Methodists. — Under this general term are comprehended two principal 
and several subordinate sections, possessing totally distinct ecclesiastical 
organisations. The two grand sections differ from each other upon points of 
doctrine — one professing Arminian, and the other Cahinistic sentiments. 
The former are " Wesleyan Methodists," the latter the " Cahinistic Method- 
ists." Each of the two grand sections is divided into several smaller sections, 
differing from each other upon points of church government and discipline. 
The Wesleyan Methodists comprise the " Original Connexion," the " New 
Connexion," the " Primitive Methodists," and the " Wesleyan Association." 
The Cahinistic Methodists comprise the body bearing that specific name, and 
also the congregations belonging to what is kno^ii as " The Countess of 
Huntingdon's Connexion." 

The Osigixal Connexion. — ^As at present settled, the form of church 
government somewhat resembles that of the Scottish Presbyterian churches 
in the order of their courts, in the relation they bear to each other, and in 
their respective constitutions and functions. The difference is in the greater 
degree of authority in spiritual matters exercised by the Wesleyan ministers, 
who preside in their courts not as mere chairmen or moderators, but as 
pastors. The method of organisation in the Methodist body is so well known 
that there is no necessity for our enlarging upon it here. 

The Original Connexion possesses six places of worship in Newcastle. 
Brunswick Place Chapel. — This fine edifice, the largest possessed by 
any Dissenting body in Newcastle, was erected in 1820, at a cost of £6,726. 
The building is of brick, with stone finishings. The interior is handsome, 
and the chapel altogether is allowed to be one of the most commodious in the 
north of England. It possesses ample accommodation for 1,389 persons, 
and in connection with it are schools, class rooms, chapel-keeper's house, and 
a good circulating library. Blenhei:m-street Chapel is a fine, commodious, 
brick structm'e, with stone finishings, erected in 1838, and contains sittings 
for 767 persons. New Road Chapel. — A handsome stone edifice, was 
erected in 1813, from a design by J. Dobson, Esq., at a cost of £4,700, and 
contains sittings for 743 hearers. The Centenary Chapel is situated at St. 
Lawrence. It was erected, as its name implies, to commemorate the centenary 
of the existence of the Wesleyan body, in 1839. It affords accommodation 
to 390 persons. Besides the above, there are chapels at Byker's Hill and 
Arthur's Hill belonging to this connexion. 

The New Connexion differs from the parent body only with respect to 
ecclesiastical arrangements. In the New Connexion the laity have a par- 
ticipation in church government, candidates for membership must be 
admitted by the voice of the existing members, not by the minister alone ; 
offending members cannot be expelled but with the concurrence of a Leader's 
Meetmg, — officers of the body, whether leaders, ministers, or stewards, are 
elected by the church and ministers conjointly, — and in District Meetings, 



CHURCHES AND CHAPELS. 185 

and the Annual Conference, lay delegates (as many in number as the minis- 
ters) are present, freely chosen by the members of the churches. This body 
has t^'o places of worship in Newcastle. Salem Chapel situated in Hood- 
street, was erected in 1833, at a cost of £3,700. It is in the Grecian style, 
with a recessed portico of four fluted Doric columns; the pilasters and 
entablature are encii'cled with wreaths, &c. The upper part consists of two 
projecting wings, with pilasters and a centre crowned with a bold entablature, 
with a perforated battlement over the centre, and turrets and vases over the 
two wings. The .interior is commodiously fitted up, and contains sittings 
for 900 persons. There is also a small chapel at St. Peter's Quay, erected 
in 18:27. It will accommodate 292 persons. 

The Primitive Methodists. — This section of Methodism commenced in 
the year 1810, when its first class was formed at Standley, in Staffordshire. 
Their doctrines are the same as those of the Original Connexion, and the 
outline of their ecclesiastical polity is also similar, the chief distinction, being 
the admission, by the former body, of lay representatives to the conference, 
and the greater influence allowed, in all the various courts, to laymen. This 
body possess six places of worship in Newcastle. Nelson-street Chapel 
is a fine commodious structure, with a polished stone front, in the Roman 
style, and contains sittings for nearly 1,000 hearers. There is a school 
beneath the chapel. use-Burn Chapel is a plain brick building, erected 
in 1811, and contains 271 sittings. There are also chapels belonging to 
this body, at Arthur's Hill, Ballast Hill, Byker Hill, and Dent's Hole. 

Wesletan Methodist Reformers. — In 1849, another of the constantly 
recurring agitations with respect to ministerial authority in matters of 
church discipline arose, and still continues. As the history of this agitation 
is w^ell known w^e will not enter upon it, but just observe that the loss to the 
Old Connexion, by expulsions and withdrawals on account of these questions, 
is stated to amount to 100,000 members. The Reformers have set in motion 
a distinct machinery of Methodism, framed according to the plan which they 
consider ought to be adopted by the parent body. They now possess three 
places of worship in Newcastle. New Bridge-street Chapel was erected 
in 1839, and has a fine front of ashlar stone. It will accommodate 227 
persons. Zion Chapel is situated at the foot of Westgate-street, and was 
formerly possessed by the Cathohcs, from w^hom it passed to the Wesleyans, 
Presbyterians, and subsequently to the present possessors. It is seated to 
accommodate 500 persons. Zion Chapel, Gibson-street, is used as a Ragged 
School during the w^eek. It was erected in 1837. 

The New Jerusalem Church. — This body claims to possess an entirely 
new^ dispensation of doctrinal truth derived from the theological writings 
of Emanuel Swedenborg, a Swedish nobleman, who maintained that the 
sacred writings had two senses, one the natural, the other, their spiritual 
sense. The principle tenets he deduced from tbis interior meaning of the 
Holy Word, and which his followers still maintain, are these : — That the Last 
Judgment has already been accomplished (viz : in 1757) : — that the former 
"Heaven and Earth" are passed aw^ay ; that the " Ne\Y Jerusalem" men- 

M 2 



186 HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPOX'TYXE. 

tioned in the Apocalypse, has ah-eady descended, iu the form of the " New 
Church" — and that, consequently, the second Advent of the Lord has even 
now been realised, in a spiritual sense, by the exhibition of His power and 
glory in the New Church thus established. The usual doctrine of the Trinity 
is not received ; the belief of the New Church being, " that the Father, Son, 
and Holy Spirit, are one in the person of our Lord Jesus Christ, comparatively 
as soul, body, and proceeding operation are one in every individual man." 
This body possesses one place of worship in Newcastle. It is a stone build- 
ing, situated in Percy-street, erected in 1822, and is seated for 403 persons. 
Besides the above there is a Jewish Synagogue in Temple-street, a 
Bailors' Chapel, Bethel Quay, and the Latter-Day Saints have a meet- 
ing room in Nelson-street. 

PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 

The Royal Free Grammar School situated in Charlotte Square, was 
founded by Thomas Horsley, mayor of Newcastle, in 1525. Queen Elizabeth 
incorporated it in 1599, from which period until the year 1844 the business 
of the school was transacted in the old chapel of St. Mary's Hospital, West- 
gate-street. By the above-mentioned charter of incorporation, it is enacted 
that the masters and scholars shall be a body corporate in law, with perpetual 
succession, common seal, and power to purchase lands to themselves, and 
successors in fee-simple, or for a term of years, provided they exceed not the 
yearly value of £40. It is also enacted that the Latin and Greek languages 
are to be taught gratuitously. This school has attained considerable celebrity 
from the respectability and attainments of its teachers, and the many dis- 
tinguished persons who have been educated mthin its walls. Among its 
eminent scholars, we find the names of Bishop Ridley, Mark Akenside, Lord 
Collingwood, Lord Eldon, and Lord Stowell. The following anecdotes of Lord 
Eldon may not be considered out of place here. They were related by his 
lordship himself to his niece, Mrs. Forster : — " I believe no boy was ever as 
much thrashed as I was. Yfhen we went to school we seldom had any time 
to spare, so Bill, the future Lord Stowell, and Harry used to run as hard as 
they could, but poor Jacky's legs not being so long or so strong, he was left 
behind. Now, you must know, there was eternal war w^aged between the 
Head School lads and all the boys of the other schools, so the Stockbriggers 
seized the opportunity of poor Jacky being alone, to give him a good drubbing. 
Then, on our way home, Bill and Harry always thrashed them in return, and 
that was my revenge, but then it was a revenge that did not cure my sore 
hones." The following is quite delectable in its way: — "Between school- 
hours, " (Eldon is still the narrator) " we used to amuse ourselves at playing 
at what we called 'cock-nibs,' — that was, riding on grave-stones in St. John's 
Church-yard, which, you know, was close to the school. Well, one day, one 
of the lads came shouting ' Here comes Moises !' (the schoolmaster) — that 
was what we always called him, Moises — so away we all ran as hard as we 
could, and I lost my hat. Now, if you remember, there were four or five 



PUBLTC SCHOOLS. 187 

steps going do^A*n to the scliool, a sort of passage. Unfortunately a servant 
was coming along Avith a pudding for the bakehouse, and, in my hurry, when 
Moises was coming, I jumped down these steps, and into the pudding. 
What was to he done ? I borrowed another boy's great coat, and buttoned it 
over my own coat, waistcoat, pudding and all, and so w^e went into school. 
Now when I came out, I was in an unforeseen dilemma — for this great coat 
had stuck to my own — another boy's coat sticking to me and my own hat 
lost 1 — here was a situation ! With great difficulty the coat was pulled off, 
but my father was very angry at my losing my hat, and he made me go with- 
out one till the usual time of taking my best into every-day wear." In the 
school are now taught Latin, Greek, French, Mathematics, Geography, 
English Grammar, &c. Principal, — Rev. J. Suape, M.A. 

The Eotal Jueilee School is stuated in the New Road, east of the 
Keelmen's Hospital. It was erected at an expense of £2,194, in 1810, to 
commemorate the fiftieth year of the reign of George III> It is a commodious 
stone-fronted edifice, and depends for its support on voluntary contributions 
and donations. C. F. Springman, teacher. 

The Girls' Jubilee School is situated in Croft-street. It was erected in 
1814, at a cost of £1,000, having been instituted by the Duchess of North- 
umberland and a committee of ladies. This school is supported by subscrip- 
tions and donations. 

The Clergy Jubilee School was erected in 1826 at an expense of 
£2,300. It is situated on the east side of Carliol Square, and was founded 
in commemoration of Shute Barrington, Bishop of Durham, entering upon 
the fiftieth year of his prelacy. In the same building the scholars of St. 
Nicholas's Charity School are educated. This charity was established in 
1705, and now extends to forty boys, and the same number of girls, who are 
gratuitously clothed and educated. The boys on their leaving school to 
become apprentices, receive twenty shillings, with a bible, a prayer-book, and 
a copy of " The Whole Duty of Man." The girls on going to service receive 
the same presents. John Brocklaud and Elizabeth J. Reed, teachers. 

All Saints' Charity School is similar to that of St. Nicholas's, just 
described, in the nmnber of its pupils, and the presents received by them on 
their leaving school. It was founded by public subscription in 1700, and is 
situated in close proximity to Jesus' Hospital in the Manor Chare. John 
Brewis and Ann Pescod, teachers. 

St. Andrew's Schools comprise a Charity, a National, and an Infant 
school. The former was founded by Sir W. Blackett, who bequeathed two 
thirds of the interest of £1,000 for the education and apprenticing of thirty 
poor boys of the parish, and the son of the founder added an annual sum 
sufficient for the clothing of the children. The revenue of this charity has 
been since augmented by numerous legacies, and the trustees, in consequence, 
have increased the number of boys from thirty to thirty-four. A similar 
establishment w^as founded in 1792, for the education and clothing of forty 
poor girls of this parish. The St. Andrew's National Schools are situated 
in Percy Street and Eldon Lane, and were erected in 1839. The boys' 



J 88 HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYKE. 

school occupies the ground floor, and the girls' school the first floor, while the 
infants occupy that portion of the edifice adjacent to Percy-street. The boys 
and girls of St. Andrew's Charity Schools are educated in this establishment. 
George Gibb, Mary Ann Bulloch, and Mary Veitch, teachers. 

St. Ann's National School is situated on the New Road, at the corner of 
Elswick Lane. It was erected at the expense of the municipality in 1682, and 
is chiefly supported from the revenues of the corporation. The mayor and 
governor of the Hostmen's Company are presidents, and the curate and 
lecturer of All Saints' Church, with four other gentlemen, are trustees. J. 
Staff"ord, teacher. 

St. John's Charity, National, and Infant Schools. — The Charity 
School was established in 1710, by Mr. John Ord, who bequeathed the rent 
of the Great Magdalen, or Mill Close, for its endowment. Its revenues have 
been since increased by other legacies, and twenty scholars are now clothed 
and educated gratuitously. These, on leaving school, are presented with the 
sum of forty shillings and three religious books. The school for this charity 
was formerly situated in Cross-street, but on the erection of the National 
School, in Sunderland-street, in 1840, the pupils were removed thither. The 
Infant School is in Bath Lane, and is a neat building in the Gothic style, 
erected in 1838. Teachers, J. Forster and Jane Wilson, — Infant School, 
Annie Ellis. 

St. Nicholas's National School is situated in Queen-street. G. Grey 
Wilson and Elizabeth Brookbank, teachers. 

St. Paul's District School is in Els wick-street, John Jamieson, teacher. 

St. Thoimas' School, Vine Lane, w^as erected in 1 838, and contains two 
fine school-rooms, besides class-rooms, &c. Henry Page and Dorothy Ann 
Cole, teachers. 

St. Andrew's (Catholic) Schools are situated in Carliol Squai'e. They 
were erected principally by the untiring exertions of the Rev. J. Worswick 
and the Rev. W. Riddell, and were opened in the year 1833. These schools 
are in connection mth the Committee of Council on Education, under whose 
authority thirteen pupil teachers, eight girls, and five boys, have been appren- 
ticed. The average attendance is about 700 children. John Riordan and 
Mary Ann Hodgson, teachers. 

The Cholera Schools, situated in Rosemary Lane, were founded on 
the 9th of January, 1854. This institution has for its object the clothing, 
education, and part maintenance of the orphan children, whose parents fell 
victims to the cholera in 1853. It is supported by a fund, called the 
" Cholera Fund," amounting to about £6,000, which was raised by voluntary 
subscriptions. The average attendance is 132 children. Thomas Smith, and 
Octavia Outhett, teachers. 

The Infant School (Orphan House), Northumberland Street, was origin- 
ally erected for a Methodist Chapel by the Rev. John Wesley, the founder of 
Methodism, and, at the time of its erection, was the second chapel which the 
Methodist body had built in this country. A portion of it was subsequently 
converted into an infant school, for children between the ages of two and six 



HOSPITALS AND ALMSHOUSES, 189 

years. Ami Robertson, teacher. There is another infant school at the Sally- 
port, Causey Bank. J. Lavi'son, teacher. 

The Ragged School was formerly Gibson Street Chapel, but is now used, 
during the week-days, as a place of industrial education for children, who 
otherwise would be roaming the streets, and acquiring pernicious habits and 
practices. The Wesleyan Reformers meet here for worship on Sundays. 
Jolm Morgan and Sarah Coulson, teachers. 

Trinity House School for the education of the children of the poor, is 
attached to the Trinity House, Trinity Chare. The course of instruction in 
this establishment is very extensive, embracing writing, arithmetic, mathema- 
tics, &c. Thomas Grey, teacher. 

The Union Girls' School is situated in Bath Lane, and is a fine stone 
edifice in the Gothic style, possessing sufficient accommodation for upwards 
of 100 children. It was foimdecl in 1822, under the patronage of the 
congregations of New Court, Zion, Postern, Clavering Place, and Tuthill- 
Stairs, Chapels. Isabella H, Mackay, teacher. 

In addition to the above there are several other schools, both public and 
private, which our limited space will not allow us to describe more minutely. 
They will be found particularised, with the names of their respective teachers, 
under the head. Academies and Schools in the Directory. 



HOSPITALS AND ALMSHOUSES. 



The Hospital of the Holt Jesus, Manor Chare. This institution, 
commonly called the Town's Hospital, was erected in the year 1682, upon a por- 
tion of the site of the suppressed Augustinian monastery. It was incorporated 
and endowed by the municipality under the 39th Elizabeth, c. 5, for the 
relief of freemen and freemen's widows, or the sons and daughters of freemen, 
and, by the deed of incorporation, it was declared that the mayor, aldermen, 
and common council of Newcastle for the time being, should be the visitors 
of this hospital. By this appointment of visitors, the Charity Commissioners 
were precluded from inquiring into the condition of this institution. The 
number of inmates, as regulated by act of parliament in 1847, consists 
of one master, twelve brethren, and thirty-seven sisters, each of whom receives 
£1 per lunar month, and is furnished with clothing and coals. The master 
receives £2 per annum extra. In addition to this, they receive yearly 13s. 4d. 
each from charities which have been left to the hospital. George Mather, 
master. 

Blackett's and Davison's Hospital was situated in the Manor Chare, 
south of Jesus Hospital, but it was removed in 1847, in consequence of rail- 
way operations. It was erected by the corporation, in 1754, for the 
pensioners of Sir Walter Blackett, and Mr. and Mrs. Davison's Charities, 
consisting of six poor widows of clergymen and merchants, six poor old 
bachelors, and six poor unmarried women, daughters or widows of burgesses. 



190 HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, 

The Keelmen's Hospital is situated on the north side of the New Road. 
It is a brick structure, rather gloomy in appearance, containing fiftj-four 
chambers, besides a large one in the south front for general meetings, and 
w^as erected in 1701, at a cost of upwards of £2,000, by the keelmen of the 
Tyne, for the benefit of those of their body who are disabled by sickness or 
lameness, and so prevented from pursuing their usual employment. This 
institution reflects the highest credit upon the keelmen, and is, perhaps, the 
only hospital in the kingdom built and supported by the working classes for 
the benefit of their own members. 

The Peace and Unity Hospital, Westgate-street, is a neat building, in 
the Gothic style, erected by the corporation in 1814, for the support of forty 
indigent old freem^en, or freemen's widows, and unmarried daughters. The 
inmates receive £1 each per lunar month, and are provided with coals, the 
governor receiving £2 per annum extra. The " Municipal Corporations Act," 
passed in 1835, secured these silowances to those who were inmates at that 
tirae, for their lives, but the vacancies caused by death since that period have 
not been filled up. 

St. Mary Magdalen's Hospital. — We have no authentic account of the 
original foundation of this hospital, but tradition tells us that it owes its* 
origin to Henry I. , who, " when the leprosy was raging with great violence in 
the kingdom, "and almost every town was provided with a lazar house, built 
this hospital for a master, brethren, and three sisters, who were to receive 
persons afflicted with the pestilence." It came to the sovereign by the statutes 
of Henry VHI. and Edward VI., and remained vested in the crown till the 
time of James I., v\'ho incorporated it with the chapel of St. Thomas a Becket, 
at the end of Tyne bridge. By the charter of incorporation it was decreed 
that the united institutions shotild consist of a master, who was at least to be 
a master of arts, and three old, poor, and unmarried burgesses of the town, 
Vvho should be a body corporate in law, wdth the usual rights and privileges. 
The mayor and common council of Newcastle-upon-Tyne to be patrons, with 
the right of presentation, and power to review and alter the statues. In 1827 
an act of parliament was obtained, by which the master and brethren were 
empowered to grant building leases of the property belonging to this hospital, 
which is of considerable extent in Newcastle, and the act has since been 
extensively acted upon, At the time of the Charity Commissioners' Report 
the income of this hospital aniounted to £983. lis. 6d. per annum. 

Hospital or St ]\Iaey the Virgin. — We have met with no authentic 
account of the original foundation of this hospital, but it probably came to the 
crown by the statutes of Henry VIII. and Edward VI., in the same manner 
as the hospital of St. Mary Magdalen. In 1611 King James I. granted a 
new charter to this hospital, " Constituting the foundation, to consist of a 
master and six unmarried poor old men, incorporated and having a common 
seal, with power to let leases, &c. The mayor and burgesses of Newcastle to 
be the patrons." The annual income of this institution amounted to 
£4I.|19s. 8d. at the time of the Charity Commissioners' Report, but it has 
since been increased by a change in the manner of granting leases of the 



BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES, ETC. 191 

property belonging to this hospital. The almshouse is an incommodious and 
contiued building in Pudding-Chare, containing separate apartments for six 
poor men, who receive £Q each per annum, besides an allowance for coals. 



BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES AND INSTITUTIONS. 

Among the many institutions which Newcastle possesses for the alleviation 
of suffering humanity, the Infirmary justly occupies the first place. This 
noble institution was established in 1751, b}'- a small society of benevolent 
individuals, at the suggestion of Mr. Richard Lambert, an eminent surgeon 
of the tovai. On the 9th of February of the above-mentioned year, a public 
subscription was commenced, v^hich, by the following .June, amounted to a 
sum sufficient to produce the annual revenue of £1,500. The first stone of 
the edifice was laid on the 5th day of September following, and in October, 
1752, the building was finished, at cost of about £3,000. In the year 1802, 
a further sum of £5,329 was subscribed for its enlargement. Considerable 
additions have recently been made to this excellent institution by the erection 
of a new wing, 116 feet in length by 56 in breadth. This wing contains four 
storeys, the lowest of which is divided into several rooms constituting the out- 
patient department. The three upper storeys are each separated by a 
central partition-wall into two large wards for the reception of in-door patients. 
By this arrangement the out-patients are provided with ample accommodation, 
and the in-patient department has received an accession of six large wards, 
capable of containing 144 patients. The cost of this enlargement, exclusive 
of interior fittings, was £5,821. 10s. It was a fortunate circumstance that 
the enlargement of the Infirmary was completed previous to the late m.elan- 
choly catastrophe, for, on the day of the explovsion, the number of patients 
was increased to 234, all of whom were relieved with comparative ease, and 
no similar occurrence could so perfectly have demonstrated the great capabi- 
lities of the institution. 

The Bishop of Durham is grand visitor, besides whom there are six presi- 
dents, six vice-presidents, and six stew^ards — these officers, together with the 
governors, regulate the affairs of the institution, and their reports are annu- 
ally submitted to all the contributors. The establishment is supported by 
the interest arising from numerous legacies and annual subscriptions, payable 
in advance ; and it must afford much gratification to the benevolent and 
humane mind to contemplate the extensive benefit that has been afforded by 
this infirmary. The following extracts from the rules will give a sufficiently 
clear idea of the conditions of governorship, and the privileges which the 
governors and subscribers enjoy: — 

" Subscribers of two guineas, or more, per annum, are governors during 
their subscription ; and benefactors of twenty 'pounds, or more, at any one 
time, are governors for life ; and such governors have the direction of the 
affans of the Infirmary. 



19S HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, 

"Any subscriber, being absent from the three counties, may, by a note 
under his or her hand, delivered to the house committee, appoint a person, 
residing in one of the said counties, to recommend proper objects in the name 
of such subscriber. 

" General courts of the governors are held four times in every year, viz., 
on the first Thursday in April, July, October, and January, at eleven o'clock 
in the forenoon, to receive the reports of the house committee, to inspect the 
accounts, and to transact such other business as shall be laid before them, 
viz., ordering payment of the quarterly accounts, and for the dispatch of any 
extraordinary matter which may occur. The anniversary meeting of all the 
contributors is held on the day on which the High Sheriff of Northumberland 
meets her Majesty's Justices of Assize for the Northern Summer Circuit. 

" Special courts may be summoned, when judged necessary by the grand 
visitor, or any one of the presidents, or any two of the vice-presidents, or by 
the house committee, or by any six governors, on delivering to the secretary a 
requisition for the purpose. 

" The house committee consists of twelve ordinary and thirty-six extra- 
ordinary members. The twelve ordinary members are chosen from the 
governors resident in Newcastle or Gateshead. At the general court in April, 
six of the ordinary members, who shall have been two years in office, go out, 
and six others are elected in their stead. Thirty-six extraordinary members 
(twelve for each county) are appointed in alphabetical rotation, from three dis- 
tinct lists of the governors, and, in addition, the attending physician and surgeon 
are officially members of this committee, and all governors who choose to 
attend the same have votes as members thereof. 

" This committee, of which three are a quorum, meet at the Infirmary 
every Thursday, at eleven o'clock in the forenoon, to admit and discharge 
patients, and to direct all matters which concern the ordinary expenses and 
government of the Infirmary, such as to examine the weekly accounts, 
to superintend the conduct of the officers and servants, and to control the 
expenditure of the house. The duties of this committee (which in its consti- 
tution is an open committee) are, in their nature, important and various, the 
presence, therefore, of any governor, not named on the committee, is parti- 
cularly solicited. 

" The house committee, weekly, appoint two governors, resident in New- 
castle or Gateshead, in rotation, from the alphabetical list, to act as house 
visitors for the ensuing week. Their supposed duties are — to visit the house, 
and to inquire into the conduct of the different departments, and as to the 
behaviour of the matron, patients, and servants, and to report their observa- 
tions to the house committee, in ' The House Visitors' Book,' -in the 
governors' hall. Governors residing in the country are requested to visit the 
house as often as they have an opportunity. 

" The economical management of the Infirmary being intimately connected 
with the regularity of its payments, subscribers will perceive how desirable it 
is that their subscriptions be paid immediately after the 1st of April, being 
the commencement of the Infirmary year. 



BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES, ETC. 193 

*' Subscribers may recommend, for one guinea yearl}^, one out-patient ; for 
two guineas, two out-patients, or one in-patient, and so on in proportion for 
larger sums. Benefactors of ten pounds have the same right of recommenda- 
tion as subscribers of one guinea yearly, and benefactors to a larger amount, 
after same the ratio. 

" Persons meeting with sudden accidents, or labouring under diseases 
requiring the immediate help of surgerj^ are admitted without any recommen- 
dation, at any hour of the day or night, but all other patients (not syphihtic) 
must make application at the Infirmary, by a letter of recommendation 
(signed according to tbe fourteenth of the Infirmary rules, by a subscriber 
whose subscription is paid), on Thursday only, between the hours of nine and 
eleven in the forenoon. Printed forms can be had on application at the 
Infirmary to Mr. Gibb, the house surgeon and secretary." 

This institution is gratuitously attended by four physicians and the same 
number of surgeons. Charles John Gibb, house surgeon and secretary — Rev. 
G. Heriot, M.A., chaplain — Elizabeth Dowson, matron. 

The Lunatic A-sylum is situated on the east side of Bath Lane, and was 
built by subscription in J 767. It is a well designed and skilfully constructed 
edifice, possessing accommodation for 88 patients, who are divided into six 
classes, each of which has a separate airing ground adjoining their apartments. 
In consequence of the death of the other subscribers it came into the possession 
of the corporation, in 1824, at which time the old building was improved and 
altered, under the superintendence of J. Dobson, Esq.; a lease of the building 
was granted at the same time, to T. N. Smith, M.D., and subsequently to 
Dr. Macintosh. 

BELLCrRovE PbETREAT is a private lunatic asylum retiredly situated between 
the "Leazes" and the Town Moor, and since 1766 has been devoted to its 
present use, for persons of respectability — none others being admissible. 
The establishment is conducted on the most approved and humane principles, 
and the apartments are fitted up with every convenience, and have garden 
ground attached. 

The Dispensaey erected in 1838, is situated in Nelson-street. It is a fine 
commodious building, the front being in the Italian style, in unison with the 
other buildings in the same street. It contains every requisite accommoda- 
tion for an institution of the kind, besides a dwelling-house for the resident 
medical officer, Mr. J, S. Pearse. 

There is also the Eastern Free Dispensary situated in Howard -street. It 
is under the patronage of the Lord Bishop of Durham. E. Y. Green, 
Secretary. 

House of Recovery, or Fever Hospital. — This institution is a commodious 
and well ventilated Fever Hospital, situated in an airy and retired spot iu 
Bath Lane. It was erected in 1804, at an expense of about £1,800, and 
contains seventeen rooms, outbuildings, &c. An annual subscription of one, 
or a donation of two guineas, is the qualification for governorship ; but the 
medical officers alone decide on the admission of patients. — House Surgeon, 
John J. Pierce. 



'194 



HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYKE, 



The Lying-ix-Hospital is situated in New Bridge-street. It is a fine stone 
building erected in 1826, at a cost of £1,550. The institution was founded 
in 1760, and a temporary hospital was opened in Rosemary Lane, but it was 
removed to the new hospital on its completion. It possesses accommodation 
for seventy poor married women. In addition to this there is an Out-cbarity, 
chiefly supported by ladies, it was founded the same year as the above. Mr. 
R. C. Frost, Secretary. 

The Eye Infirmary is situated in Saville Bow. This institution founded 
in 1822, owes its origin to the exertions of Messrs. T. M. Greenhow and 
John Fife, Surgeons, and depends upon annual subscriptious and donations 
for its support. Patients are admitted every Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, 
and Friday. Mr. John Brown, Secretary.. 

Royal Victoria Asvlum for the Industrious Blind. — This institution 
is situated in Northumberland-street, and was founded in 1838 to commemo- 
rate the Coronation of Queen Victoria, The object of this establishment is to 
" afford to the Indigent Blind, a religious, moral, and elementary education 
founded on Scriptural principles, and to teach such trades as are suited to 
their capacities." The institution is supported by donations and subscriptions, 
assisted by the profits from the sale of the various articles manufactured by 
the inmates. 

The Deaf and Dumb Institution is situated in Charlotte Square. It 
was founded in 1838 for the education of the deaf and dumb in the counties 
of Northumberland, Durham, Cumberland, and Westmoreland, and depends 
for its support on subscriptions, donations, and the payments which are made 
for the board of its ininates. Since the estabhshment of this institution at 
the period above-mentioued, 98 pupils have been admitted. Of these 44 are 
tinder tuition, and the remaining 54 have gone into the world, and are now 
occupying various situations in society, which the education received at this 
establishment has qualified them to fill to advantage, each becoming a 
missionary testifyiug to the benefits of education, and prompting parents, 
hitherto incredulous or careless, to apply for the same blessings for then' 
children similarly afnicted. The number of pupils at present in the institu- 
tion is 46, and there are upwards of 20 applicants for admission to its benefits, 
whose parents are unable to pay the yearly sum required by the regulations 
of the establishment. Children are received as pupils from any of the four 
northern counties, at the rate of £10 per annum, payable half-yearly in 
advance. The regular time for admission is August, when the classes are 
resumed after the holidays. Children should he sent not later than eight 
years of age, so that their education may be completed at the proper time 
for theu' being apprenticed to some useful trade. William Neill, head master 
and secretary. 

The Penitentiary. — This useful and praiseworthy institution is situated 
in Diana-street. It was founded in 1831, but the present edifice was not 
erected till 1837. It is constructed of brick and contains nine apartments 
on the ground floor, and forty-two rooms on the fi^rst floor. It is under the 
patronage of the Mayor of Newcastle. Mrs. Robsou, matron. 



: PUBLIC CIVIL BUILDINGS, ETC. 195 

Among other benevolent funds, societies, and institutions, are the Mendicity 
Society, a Fund for the EeHef and Support of Disabled Seamen ; an Associa- 
tion for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck — a Society for the Rehef of 
the Widows and Orphans of Shipwrecked Seamen — a Society for the Sick 
and Indigent — a Society for Infirm and Aged Females-^— a Eepositoiy, in 
Granger-street, for the eleemosynary sale of needle and fancy work — a 
Domestic Guardian Institution, and a large number of benefit societies. 



PUBLIC CIVIL BUILDINGS, &c. 

The Tyne Bridge, which consists of nine elliptical arches, w-as built in 
1776-84, at a cost of upwards of £30,000. In 1801, it was widened by arch- 
ing from the buttresses, making the total width 33 feet 6 inches. 

The High Level Bridge. — To understand the position and object of this 
famous bridge, it is requisite to know what are the outlets which railways 
have afforded to Newcastle. 

In the first place, then, there is the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, which 
foUowing the route of the great northern wall, stretches across the island 
almost from one sea to the other, and has been instrumental in supplying 
the west with coals from the east. Then there is the North Shields Line, 
which, starting from Pilgrim Street, near the eastern edge of Newcastle, 
spans over several hollow^s by lofty viaducts, and passes through North Shields 
to Tynemouth. Next, we have the Newcastle and Berwick Railway, w-hicli 
makes use of a portion of the last mentioned line, and. then darts off northward 
towards Scotland. Lastly, we have the net-work of Durham railways, wdiich, 
taking thek departure from Gateshead, open up a communication with South 
Shields, Sunderland, Durham, York, and the south generally. Then" came 
the great work — a work fit for the age and place. All these railways stopped 
short, at the several margins of the town ; but in this age of engineering tri- 
umphs such accommodation w^ould not suffice, commerce could not permit 
such a state of things to remain — she must and u'ill have a central station, 
and this station req[uires enormous viaducts, stretching over the deeply-lying 
portions of the town. We consequently find the following gigantic plan has 
been carried out to effect this object. A spot of ground was selected near 
Neville-street, rather to the west of the centre of Newcastle, as the site of 
the central station, and thither the various lines were brought. The Carlisle 
line shoots past its former terminus, and arrives at Neville-street by a bold 
curve which passes close by the Infirmary. The Shields line, taking with it 
the Berwick line, spans Pilgrim-street, then, still more loftily, extends over 
the junction of the "Side." with Dean-street, and joins its Carlisle neighbour 
at Neville-street. But the great enterprise is still to be described — the 
crossing of the Tyne. The existing Newcastle Bridge accommodated the 
lower parts of Newcastle and Gateshead, but the railways occupied the heights 
of the two towns, and any railway over the Tyne must necessarily soar at a 
vast height above the river. The inhabitants had, for many years, under 



196 HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 

consideration the construction of a " Higli Level Bridge," for tlie service of the 
higher parts of the two towns, and after much negotiation, a plan was agreed 
upon between the railway companies and the corporation, by virtue of which, 
the former undertook the construction of one of the most astonishing structures, 
perhaps, in England, being actually a double bridge, consisting of a common 
foot and carriage bridge at a great height above the river, and a railway over 
that ! This railway was to pass almost close by the castle^ and to join the 
others' at the grand central station. 

Such was the comprehensive plan proposed and executed. The great rail- 
way station is finished. The viaduct crosses the streets from Pilgrim Street 
to the vicinity of the castle, the railway bridge over the liver exhibits two 
piers at the margin of the river, and four others in the stream itself, besides 
minor piers to support the land arches. These piers are of masonry and 
of immense strength. The distance from pier to pier is about 124 feet, and 
this determines the span of the arches. At a height of about 86 feet above 
high-water mark runs a level bridge for carriages, horses, and foot-passengers, 
and at a further height of 23 feet runs the railway itself. The astonishing 
magnitude of this grand work will be better conceived by bearing in mind, 
that the entire height of masonry and iron-work, from the bed of the river to 
the parapet of the railway, exceeds 132 feet! The entire length of the struc- 
ture, from the high ground of Gateshead, to the high ground of Newcastle, is 
nearly 1,400 feet. The iron-work in this structure is estimated at 5,000 tons. 
The cost of the mason-work, in and over the liver amounted to more than 
£100,000, that of the mason and brick-work of the land arches to about an 
equal sum, and the iron-work to a still larger sum. "Railway affairs," 
observes a popular writer, " may fluctuate, directors and shareholders may 
wrangle, 'calls' may be amazingly rapid, and dividends amazingly small, 
golden dreams may be dissipated, estimates may be greatly exceeded — all this 
may occur, and Newcastle may have its share of troubles, but the High Level 
Bridge will stand for ages, a monument of enterprise, sldll, and beauty. 

The Exchange oe Town Hall, Sandhill, was erected in 1655, at an 
expense of £'10,000, from a design by Robert Trollope. It subsequently 
suffered from a fire and from the outrages of a mob, and is now but a reno- 
vated wreck of a structure of great and varied architectural grandeur. The 
lower story is distributed into the fish-market, a news-room, and piazzas. 
Some pail of its ancient grandeur is still visible in the interior. The Court 
Room of the Merchant Adventurers, which occupies the eastern portion of the 
building, is not merely beautiful, but elaborately ornamented with a series of 
subjects of Scripture History, executed, in relief upon wood, with great sldll. 
The apartments adjoining this room, and the grand staircase, are the Town 
Clerk's offices, and others occupied by the corporation. The Guild HaU is a 
lofty and magnificent court, with a fine oaken ceiling and rich antique 
embellishments. 

The Mansion House, a commodious brick building on the south side of 
the "Close," was re-edified in 1691, at an expense of £6,000. It was 
sumptuously furnished during its civic fife — but, after the passing of the 



- JtBLTC CIVIL BUILDINGS, ETC. 19T 

Municipal Reform Act it was denuded of its honours, and some ancient oak 
carvings of superior workmanship, are all now remaining of its curiosities. 

The County Couet House, or Moot Hall, is situated on the south 
side of the Castle Garth. It is a large and noble stone building, with archi- 
tectural details from the Athenian temple of Theseus, and. is conspicuously 
situated on a lofty eminence 100 feet above the level of the river. It was 
erected in 1810-12, and covers an area of ]44 feet by 72. On the north and 
south sides are grand porticos, supported by Doric piUars 28 feet high, and 
five feet in diameter. The internal arrangements are very complete for all 
the purposes required in a public edifice of the kind, and it occupies a spacious 
area, enclosed on the western side by a handsome range of iron palisades. 
The Assizes, for the County of Northumberland, are held here, by the judges, 
twice a year, and the January Quarter Sessions are held in the same court. 

The Custom House is situated on the Quay Side. It became the 
property of the government in 1829, since w^hich time it has been newly 
fronted with ashlar stone, and considerably altered and enlarged. 

The New Jail and House of Correction is situated on the west side 
of Carliol Square. It was erected in 1823, at a cost of about £35,000, from 
a design by John Dobson, Esq., and is a strong and massive erection, with a 
bold and formidable central tower, and all the appliances of approved prison, 
discipline. The different wards are arranged on the radiating principle, so 
that every avenue and court is visible from the lofty central tower, in which 
the apartments of the jailer and turnkeys are situate. 

Pandon Dean Bridge, which connects New Bridge-street with the 
numerous groups of elegant houses to the east, is a neat and handsome stone 
structure, erected in 1812, at a cost of £7,448. This bridge spans the deep 
and narrow glen whence it derives it name. 

The Public Baths are situated at the head of Ridley Place, on the east 
side of Northumberland-street. These buildings, which occupy an area of 
172 feet by 132, were erected in 1838, at an expense of £9,500, from the 
designs of J. Dobson, Esq. The establishment contains warm, shower, 
vapour, tepid, medicated, and plunge baths, the latter being 107 feet by 51. 

Public Baths and Wash-houses, New Road. — These useful establish- 
ments were erected by the corporation, in 1848. They contain warm and 
plunge baths, with washing and drying houses for the use of the humbler 
classes. 

The Assembly Rooms, are situated in a recess off the north side of West- 
gate-street, and south end of Fenkle-street. They were erected by sub- 
scription, from a design by Mr. Newton, and opened June 24tb, 1770 — the 
cost, including the fittings, amounted to nearly £7,000. They possess 
sufficient architectural finish to be a practical enconium on the taste of a 
bygone generation. The grand ball-room is 92|- feet long by 30 feet wide, 
and 32 feet in height, and is extremely chaste and elegant in its style of 
decorations. In this room there are seven splendid chandeliers, the central 
one alone of which cost £030. 



198 HISTORY OF NEWOASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 

The Music Hall occupies the upper portion of tlie Lecture Eoom, on 
tlie north side of Nelson-street. It was erected by Mr. Grainger in 1838, 
and is a veiy handsome structure — the hall is 80 feet long, 40 broad, and 25 
high. 

The Bsanch Bank of Exglaxd. — This establishment is situated on the 
west side of Grey-street, forming one of the centres to the first facade, which 
is composed of nine Coiinthian columns and two pilasters upon a rusticated 
basement. The columns support an entablature, which is finished with a 
double row of balustrades. 

The Noethumbeelaind and Dueham Disteict Bank is situated on the 
east side of Grey-street, and occupies the space between Market-street and 
Hood-street. This is a very chaste and elegant building, and is much admired. 
The basement storey is in the Doric style of architecture, the next storey in 
the Corinthian, with pilasters, capitals, and entablature, surmounted by a 
battlement and balustrades, ornamented ^\iih Yases. This building is pro- 
nounced, by competent judges, to be the most chaste and neatly decorated 
edifice in the town. 

Besides these banks there are Messrs. W. H. Lambton and Co.'s Bank, 
and the Newcastle Commercial Bank, in Dean-street, the Newcastle; Sunder- 
land, and Durham Union Bank, in Moseley-street, and the Savings Bank in 
the Eoyal Arcade. 

The Tempeeance Hall is the basement floor of Nelson-street Chapel. It 
is a fine commodious room 46 feet long by 43 wide. 

Gas Woeks. — The original gas works of Newcastle were erected in Forth- 
street, in 1817 — these works being shortly after abandoned, other works 
were erected in the Manors, and at the west end of Pipewellgate, in Gateshead. 
These were purchased by the " Nev\-castle-upon-Tyne and Gateshead Sub- 
scription Gas Company," in 1831, and vfere further increased in 1833 and 
1837 by the erection of other works in Sandgate, North Shore. 

The Centeal Kailway Station is situate in NoYille-street. It is a fine 
structure erected in the Eoman Doric style, from a design by Mr. Dobson. 
The principal front is 593 feet in length, having a portico in tlae centre, 200 
feet long and 70 wide. The exterior front of the portico is composed of 
seven arches, supported by insulated columns, elevated on a basement 7^ feet 
high. The portico is entered by an arch at each end. The passengers' shed 
is 537 feet long and 184 wide, the covered area being 10,995 square yards, 
or rather better than 2 acres. The roof is composed of circular iron princi- 
pals, divided into three compartments, and supported by metal pillars, whose 
respective distances vary from 33 to 40 feet. Her Majesty Queen Victoria, 
opened this station on the 29th of August, 1850. 

The Manoes Station. — This station is for the North Shields and Tyne- 
rnouth Railway. 

The Yv^'atee AYoeks. — The inhabitants of Newcastle are indebted to 
Richard Grainger for the present water works, which, through his exertions, 
were established in the year 1 842, under a board of directors called " The Whittle 
Dean Water Company," Soon after its establishment this company purchased 



. PUBLIC CIVIL BUILDINGS, ETC. 199 

the former ^Yater works belonging to the "Joint Stock Company," which 
had been in existence since 1833 — and . now supply the town copiously with 
the limpid element. In addition to the water supplied by the water works, 
the Corporation has provided sixteen fountains in different parts of the town. 

The Newcastuii-upon-Tyne General Cemetery is situated at a short 
distance beyond Carlton Terrace, between the New Road and BentonLane. 
It is of a triangular form and enclosed by a lofty wall, the contained area 
being about 10^ acres. It was established by a company of shareholders in 
1831 at an expense of £6,900, and is tastefully planted and arranged. The 
entrance is by a splendid archway betwec-n two chapels, which are surmounted 
by handsome and uniform, though low, towers. These chapels and towers, 
being constructed of beantifully veined freestone, form a very ornamental 
structure at this approach to the town. 

The Westgate Hill General Cemetery is situated at the angle formed 
by the meeting of Elswick Lane and the Carlisle Road. It was formed by a 
company of shareholders in 1825, and consists of three acres of ground, 
which are laid out and planted in an ornamental style, in a similar manner as 
the cemetery of Pere la Chaise at Paris. A small chapel and sexton's house 
stand near the entrance gate. In this place of interment there are no restric- 
tions as to rites and ceremonies, the mode of burial being wholly left to the 
surviving friends. 

LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES, &c. 

The Literary and Philosophical Society occupies a fine edifice, in 
the Grecian style of architecture, which was erected, at a cost of about 
.-£12,000, in the year 1825, from a design by Mr. John Green. This struc- 
ture is situated in Westgate-street, opposite the end of CoUingwood-street. 
The society was founded in 1793, " for the discussion of the several branches 
of polite literature, inquiry into the situation and property of the mineral 
productions of this neighbourhood, and elucidation of the sciences applicable 
to commerce, antiquities, local history, biography, literary intelligence, 
nautical inquiries," &c. In the tenth year of the society's existence, a per- 
manent lectureship was established, and the members have now an oppor- 
tunity of attending courses of lectures delivered by the most eminent 
professors in the several departments of science and literature. 

The Natural History Society is situated in buildings on the south side 
of the above institution, of which it is an offshoot. This society gives great 
attention to geognostic topics, and issues publications under the name of its 
transactions. It possesses a fine museum, which contains a valuable collec- 
tion of birds and animals of various kinds, minerals, corals, and numerous 
curiosities, with drawings and sections of the coal district and that of the 
mountain limestone in the adjoining counties. The museum is open to the 
public from eleven to four every day, Sundays excepted, at a nominal charge 
for admission. 



^00 



HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYKE. 



The Antiquarian Society, founded in 1813 by the exertions of Mr. John 
BeU, under the patronage of the Duke of Northumberland, is situated in the 
Castle. This society was formed for the purpose of " inquiry into general 
subjects of antiquity, but more especially into those of the north of England, 
and particularly such as appertain to the counties of Northumberland, 
Cumberland, and Durham." The society is composed of ordinary, cor- 
responding, and honorary members. Three valuable museums, belonging 
respectively to these three societies, are united under the name of the New- 
castle Museum. 

The North of England Society of Arts. — This institution, situated on 
the ground floor of the building in w^hich the Literary and Philosophical 
Society holds its meetings, was established in 1837, and has for its object not 
only the improvement of the public taste in matters appertaining to the fine 
arts, but also the bringing forward of such talent as might, without its aid, 
continue in obscurity. 

The Literary, Scientific, and Mechanical Institution occupies the 
centre of a range of buildings in Blackett-street, between the Grey Column 
and Pilgrim-street, and possesses classes for chemistry, mathematics, geo- 
graph}^, drawing, modern languages, and various departments of practical 
science. 

Newcastle-upon-Tyne College op Medicine, Neville Hall, Neville- 
street. This institution was founded in June, 1851, and in July of the same 
year received the recognition of the Worshipful Society of Apothecaries of 
London. In October, 1851, it was recognised by the Royal CoUege of 
Surgeons of England, and in January, 1852, the Home Secretary empowered 
the tJniversity of London to receive the certificates of students at this insti- 
tution for the purpose of graduation in medicine. The institution assumed a 
collegiate form in December, 1851, and was admitted into connection with 
the University of Durham in January, 1852. Resident medical tutor, 
demonstrator of anatomy, and curator of the Museums of Anatomy, Path- 
ology, and Materia Medica, J. C. Penny, M.R.C.S. 

In addition to the above, there are Medical, Medico-chirurgical, and Medical 
and Surgical Societies, instituted in 1800, 1823, and 1834, which simply 
collect books and hold private conferences — a Botanical and Horticultural 
Society, established in 1824, and a Phrenological Society, founded in 1835. 
And besides the libraries of the various institutions, there is one at Trinity 
House, another called St. Nicholas's, located near the church of that name,- 
and containing a large, rare, and valuable collection, and a third called the 
Medical — the two latter are accessible to the pubhc. 

Newcastle publishes four newspapers weekly, viz. : — ^The Newcastle 
CouRANT (neutral), published in Pilgrim-street, on Friday — The Newcastle 
Chronicle (liberal), Grey-street, Friday — The Newcastle Guardian 
(liberal), Grainger-street, Saturday — The Newcastle Journal (conservative), 
Grey-street, Saturday. These papers are given in the order of their establish- 
ment — they enjoy an extensive circulation. 



■ "PVhlAG CIVIL BUILDINGS, ETC. $^01 

Newcastle possesses four newsrooms, in which the various metropoHtan 
and provincial journals, reviews, and magazines may be perused, viz. : — The 
Exchange Subscription Rooms in the south side of the Exchange — the 
Assembly Subscription News and Reading Rooms, in Westgate- street — the 
Central Exchange Subscription New^sroom, in Grej-street — and the newsroom 
of the Mechanics' Institute, situate in Blackett-street. 

The Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Shields, and Gateshead C^ambee of 
Commerce has been established for the following purposes, viz. : — " The 
redressing of all grievances in any way affecting the trade or couimerce of the 
countiT or of the district, the suggesting or facilitating of any measures cal- 
culated to promote the commercial interests of the community, and, gene- 
rally, the attainment of such objects connected therewith, as the exertions of 
individuals may be less adequate to accomplish." It now comprises upwards 
of one hundred members. 

Religious and Moral Societes. — Newcastle possesses numerous asso- 
ciations, which exist as auxiliaries to the Bible, Missionary, and moral 
societies, general and denominational, of the metropoHs. The associations, 
wholly or chiefly local, are the Bethel Union, established in 1823 — the Town 
Mission, begun in 1829 — a Church Pastoral Aid Society, partly akin to a town 
mission, and instituted in 1836 — a Society for Promoting the Employment 
of Additional Curates, formed in 1838 — a Young Men's Society for Religious 
and Intellectual Improvement — a Total Abstinence Society — a Lord's Day 
Society — and a Society for Clergymen's Sons. A list of these various asso- 
ciations, with the names of the officers, &c., will be found in the Directory, 
under the above head. 

COMMERCE AND MANUFACTURES, &c. 

In viewing the vast industrial features of Newcastle, the absence of unity 
of object in its various manufactures never fails to attract the observation of 
the stranger. " It is not," says a popular writer, " as at Manchester, where 
cotton reigns supreme; or in the West Riding towns, where wool is the staple 
of industry; or at Sheffield, where steel is the be-all and do-all; or at Birming- 
ham, where everything imaginable is made from every imaginable metal ; or at the 
Staffordshire Potteries, w^here every one looks, and works, and thinks, and lives 
upon clay; or at Leicester, where stockings are regarded as the j^Twiumnioh He 
of society. It is not thus on the Tyne ; for though the collieries are beyond 
all others the characteristic features of the spot, yet their works are mainly 
subterranean : they seem to belong to a nether world, wliose fruits appear at 
the surface only to be shipped and railed away to other regions. But we 
may probably find that this rich supply of coal has been the main agent in 
inducing the settlement of manufacturers on the Tyne, for most of the large 
establishments are of a character which render a great consumption of coal 
indispensable." 

In treating of the various manufactories w^e will place the engineering 
establishments in the first rank. Establishments of wliich Newcastle mavbe 



SO^ HISTOEY OF KEWCASTLE-UPON-TTNE. 

justly proud, not from their antiquity, but from their connexion with the name 
of Stephenson. This town is in every respect the birth place of locomotives, 
and some of the largest and finest steam-engines in the world are erected here. 
No where could a more fitting place be found for this wonderful manufacture, 
than the home of the extraordinary men who, beyond all others, have been 
mainly instrumental in developing the railway system. 

Near the*spot where the viaduct crosses the Close to reach the Castle Hill, 
the works of Stephenson are situated. There are the open yards, surrounded 
by buildings, the forging and casting shops, where the rougher portions of metal 
are prepared; the filing and planing shops, in which the surfaces are smoothed 
and polished; and the fitting shops, where all these elements are brought 
together in proper relations. The materials are iron, copper, brass, steel, 
and a little wood — forging, casting, rolhng, drawing, boring, turniug, planing, 
drilling, cutting, filing, polishing, rivetting, — these are the processes, from and 
by the aid of which the mighty engine is constructed, which, according to the 
opinion of some, Southey foresaw w^hen he described " The Car of Miracle" 
which 

" I\roved along 

Instinct with motion ; by ^vliat wondrous skill 

Compact, no human tongue could tell, 

Nor human wit devise. 

Steady and swift the self-moved chariot went.'' 

Locomotives in every stage of progress meet the eyes on eveiy side. Here 
is one of these iron monsters without its chimney, another without its fire- 
box — another has a man inside it hammering aw^ay wdth all his might, 
another is having the pistons put in, to another side plates are being screwed 
on, another is being set on its legs — ^wheels w^e should say, — another is 
being painted, and there, a crane has taken up another in its strong embrace, 
drawing it bodily upw^ards on to a strong carriage, and it is ready to start off 
to perform its civilising, space annihilating work in the busy world out- 
side. A locomotive of the present time is both a njanufacturing and a com- 
mercial study. When we reflect that such a machine, contains more than 
5,000 separate pieces of metal, and that its general price is about 2,000 
guineas, and that one single railway company possesses more than 500 such 
machines, can we fail to observe the vast amount of manufacturing and 
commercial energy developed in this direction ? 

The following epitome of the life of the late George Stephenson, may 
not be deemed out of place in this part of our w^ork. He tells us that he 
vras a colliery boy in early life, and how as time rolled on, he became the 
breaksmau of Killingworth Colliery, at which time he commenced his educa- 
tion, and during the " night shifts " often employed his time in repairing 
the pitmen's clocks and watches for small charges. Speaking of this period 
of his hfe, he says, " I have v;orked my way — but I have worked as hard as 
any man in the world, and I have overcome obstacles which it falls to the 
lot of few men to encounter. I have known the day, when my son was a 
child, that after my daily labour was at an end; I have gone home to my 



COMMERCE AND MANUFACTURES, ETC, S03 

single room and cicaued clocks and watches, in order that I might be able to 
put my child to school. I had felt myself too acutely the loss of education, 
not to be sensible of how much advantage one would be to him," By degrees 
he contrived to make improvements in some of the engines, and this be- 
coming noised abroad, he soon had work enough to do. What with putting 
up steam-engines under-ground and mending those above-ground — what with 
laying down tramways, and mending horse-gins, and doctoring boilers for 
steam-engines — Geordie, (as he was called at that time) was on the tramway 
to fortane, and gave up mending watches, making shoes, cutting clothes, and 
all his old practices, except that of brightening up little Bobby, who was now 
become a thriving " cute lad." lie subsequently applied his mind to rail- 
ways, and his engine, the "Kocket," gained the prize of ^500 on the opening 
of the Livei'pool and Manchester Railway. In proportion as raihvays and 
locomotives increased so did his gains and fame — and, finally, the poor pit- 
man of KiUingworth, who thought his fortune was made w^hen his wages were 
advanced to twelve shillings per vfeek, became possessed of a handsome 
fortune and estate, and saw his son Robert becoming a great and wealthy 
man before he died, in August, 1848. Speaking of himself, he said, " I may 
say, without being deemed egotistical, that I have mixed with a greater variety 
of society than perhaps any other man living. I have dined in mines, for I 
was once a miner, and I have dined with kings and queens, and wdth all 
grades of the nobility, and have seen enough to inspire me with the hope, 
that my exertions have not been without their beneficial results — that my 
exertions have not been in vain." Such was George Stephenson, the trapper, 
breaksman, engineer, pump-doctor, locomotive engine manufacturer, and rail- 
way engineer of the first railways, and the father of that son w^hose name is, 
and will be, famous wherever railways are known. 

The next great feature of the Tyne industry is the manufacture of glass, 
which is made in immense quantities in and round Newcastle — not merely 
in one of its forms, but in every variety of plate -glass, sheet-glass, window- 
glass, flint-glass, and bottle-glass. We are informed by Bourne, that this 
branch of industry was established on the banks of the Tyne in the reign of 
Elizabeth — but, certain it is, that it was in full operation at the commence- 
ment of the 17th century, and Grey, waiting in 1649, makes mention of " the 
glass-houses at the Ewes Burne, where plaine glasse for windows is made, 
which serveth most parts of the kingdom." We must look for the settlement 
of this important branch of trade in this neighbourhood to the cheapness and 
abundance of coal, alkali, and sand, and to the fact of the vicinity of shipping 
ready to carry the manufactured produce to every part of the globe. Let us, 
therefore pay a visit to one of the establishments where glass is made, that 
we may acquire some knowledge of its manufacture. Speaking of the manu- 
facture oi plate glass, Mr. George Dodd sa3^s, "We seethe ingredients melt- 
ing in the clay vessels in the fiercely heated furnace — the transference of this 
melted material to the cuvette, or iron bucket, the wlieehng of the cuvette out 
of the fiery furnace on a minature railway — the tilting of the cuvette, so that 
it shall pour out its golden stream of molten glass on the level surface of the 



204 HlSTORt OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TtNlJ. 

cdst-iron casting-table — and the cooling of this stratum into a sheet of solid glass, 
half-an-inch in thickness. We see this plate annealed in a carefully but not 
highly heated oven ; and then we follow it through the processes whereby, by 
the aid of wet sand, ground flint, and emery powder, it is ground and polished 
to the form of that most beautiful of all manufactured substances — a speckless, 
spotless, colourless, perfectly transparent sheet of plate glass. Or take the 
sheet'glsLSs department. Here we see the workman, when the ingredients are 
commingled and melted, dip a tube into the melted glass ; roll the glowing 
ductile mass on a smooth surface ; blow through the tube, to make the mass 
hollow within ; swing the tube and the glass to and fro like a pendulum, 
until the hollow mass asumes the shape of a cjdinder, and open the cyHnder 
into a large flat sheet of glass, by a most extraordinary train of manipulations. 
Or let common crown or icindow-gldiss be the object of our attention. Here 
we see the ingredients — chiefly sand alkali, and lime — melted in the furnace ; 
and the striking mode in which the workmen, after gathering eight or ten 
pounds of viscid glass on the end of a tube, blows and whirls and whirls and 
blows again, until the hollowed mass of glass suddenly flashes out into the 
form of a flat circular sheet. Or let it be flint-glsiss, where after a mass of 
the semi-liquid material has been blown hollow on the end of a tube, it is 
brought, by a few simple tools, to the form of a goblet, decanter, wine-glass, 
or other vessel, in a way that almost baffles the eye and the comprehension of 
the most attentive observer. Or, lastly, if bottle-glass be the form in which 
the material is produced, we see the mode in which the employment of cast- 
iron moulds is made to bear its share in the general routine of operations." 

Previous to the repeal of the glass duty in 1845, 14 companies were 
engaged in this branch of industiy, during the years 1846 and 1847 the 
number of companies was increased to 24, at present there are only 10. 
During the last year of the dut}^ (1844), the 14 companies then in existence, 
made 670 tons of crown and sheet glass, for which they paid £500,000 duty. 
The 10 companies now working, produce 35,500,000 feet annually, equal to 
15,000 tons, value £225,000, being an increase of considerably more than 
cent per cent, and at a charge to the public of less than one-half the former 
duty. In pohshed plate there are six companies, being the same as existed 
in 1837, — their number has remained stationary but their production is 
estimated to have doubled. They now^ make 3,000,000 feet of pohshed plate 
glass annually, equal to 5,500 tons, valued at £450,000. The produce of 
the little Idngdom of Belgium, the greatest glass producing country in the 
world, is 50,000,000 feet of sheet glass annually, equal to 22,300 tons, or 
25 per cent, more than is made in England, of both crown and sheet glass. 
They export of this quantity 85 per cent, of w^hich 6 per cent comes to 
England, and they retain 15 per cent, for home consumption. England 
retains 85 per cent, of its produce for home consumption, and exports 15 per 
cent, being about double Avhat she imports. 

The Chemical Works of the Tyne, though of comparatively modern intro- 
duction, hold a distinguished position among the manufactories of the north. 
We find them on both sides of the river stretching from Newcastle to 



COMMERCE AND MANUFACTURES, ETC. 5205 

Tyiiemouthj and we may form some notion of the extent and variet}^ of the 
marvelloiis transmutations which are taking place within them, from the 
numher of lofty chimneys whose summits are observahle in every direction. 
These establishments produce soda, potash, suphuric, muriatic, and nitric 
acids; chlorine, chloride of lime, alum, red-lead, &c., in great quantities. 
Some of these establishments are beautiful examples of scientific system, and 
present many striking features. In the preparation of sulphuric acid, for 
instance, there are in one establishment, leaden chambers employed, each 
two hundred feet in length, twenty in breadth, and twenty in height, — these 
are to contain the sulphur-yapour, from which the acid is afterwards formed. 
The same establishment possesses a platinum crucible, or still, in Avhicli 
acids are boiled, which cost as many guineas as it weighs ounces — one 
thousand ! 

The lead-works, again, are notable features. The lead produced by the 
rich mines of Alston Moor, and the dales of the Allen and the Wear, is 
smelted in ''pigs," or oblong blocks, in which condition it is brought to 
Newcastle, and here it is exposed to the operations of refining, shot-making, 
red-lead making, and white-lead making, or it is transformed into various 
forms of pipes, sheets, (fee. Nearly all lead contains a little silver; if the pro- 
portion be even so small as five ounces of silver to a ton of lead, it will repay 
the process of refining, and this refining is a delicate and beautiful process, 
in which the silver by its different mechanical and chemical properties, is 
separated httle by little from the lead. We find lead refining in this district 
mentioned so early as 1699. One of the principal sources of the celebrated 
Roger Thornton's wealth was the lead mines which he possessed in Weardale. 
This surmise is corroborated by the vast quantities of lead which he 
bequeathed to the various churches, monasteries, and other religious estab- 
lishments in Durham and Northumberland. Shot-making was carried on in 
the Manor-Chare in 1749, and the shot tower and lead works at Low Elswick 
were established in 1796. This curious process is well worth observing. 
We see how the melted lead is dropped through the holes of a kind of 
colander — how it falls into water at the bottom of a pit, perhaps a deserted 
coal-pit, one or two hundred feet in depth — how it here solidifies into small 
roundish drops— how these drops are first dried, and then sifted into different 
sizes — how the well formed shot are separated from the badly formed — and 
how they are finely churned in a barrel, with a little black-lead, to give 
them a polish. 

Potteries are also numerous in this busy place. Earthenware was pro- 
duced here as early as 1623, and in 1791 we find seven potteries in full 
operation. The potteries of the Tyne do not aim at the dainty and tasteful, 
they are content with the useful — their pots have to bear rough usage, and 
they are made roughly. There is abundance of cla}^ in the vicinity of the 
Tyne and the Wear, fitted to make the coarser description of pottery, and 
this circumstance, coupled with the abundance of coal and of shipping, 
enables the northern district to drive Staffordshire out of the market in supply- 
ing coarse goods to Germany, Denmark, and other northern countries. 



^0'6 HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE -UPON-TYNE; 

To enter into a description of all the branches of industry pursued in the 
viciuitj would indeed be a Herculean task, we will only add that, besides the 
manufactories just mentioned, there are oil mills, where oil is obtained, by 
pressui'e, from hnseed, hempseed, and rapeseed, — turpentine w^orks, where 
the rough substances, black and yellow resin, and the transparent oil of 
turpentine, are obtained by the distillation of the viscid turpentine which 
exudes from fir-trees, — starch works, where starch is obtained from flour, — also 
soap ^Yorks, — sail-cloth factories, — linen-yam factories, — and paper-mills. All 
require furnaces for carrjang on operations, and the abundant supply of 
coal in this district furnishes, as we have before remarked, a strong 
inducement to this localisation. Thus far have we sketched the trade 
of Newcastle, and although, no doubt, it is indebted to its position for 
much of its celebrity, yet we must principally attribute the proud 
station which it now occupies as a seat of commerce and manufac- 
tures, to the energetic exertions and enterprising spirit of its popula- 
tion, the products of whose industry are bartered for palm oil and ivoiy on 
the coast of Africa, are exchanged for tea in the ports of Hong Kong, for 
tallow and timber in the ports of the Baltic, for grain on the shores of the 
Black Sea and the Mediterranean, and for hides and dye-wood, and cofiee 
and sugar, and the other products of the tropical regions, on the east and 
west coasts of America. By day is heard the piping whistle of the steam 
engine and the whirring of machinery — by night thousands of fires spread 
their red and lurid glare, through the coal-field district, lengthening, so to 
say, the day, which passes too quicldy for the restless energies of the modern 
Northumbrian s . 

Co^iMERCE. — The principal exports of Newcastle are coals ; lead, in its 
various forms and preparations ; glass, in its different varieties ; iron, in its 
various forms and conditions ; earthenware, bricks, fire-bricks, painters' colours, 
chemical preparations, soap, linen and linen-yarn, sailcloth, woollen goods, 
leather, ropes, machinery, coal-tar, and grindstones. The trade in most of 
these articles, particularly in chemicals and the various preparations of lead, 
has been rapidly increasing for some time. The foreign import trade, in 
consequence of the most valuable articles of foreign produce being received 
coastwise and by rail from Hull, London, and other places, deals almost 
entirely in bulky articles for consumption in the town, and a hmited circum- 
jacent district. Its chief articles are grain, timber, hides, hemp, flax, tallov^^ 
sulphur, bones, oak-bark, Dutch cheese, vrines, spirits, seeds, and fruits. The 
trade is much inferior to that of foreign exports, but it is rapidly increasing. 
In addition to the foreign and import, Nevrcastle possesses an extensive coasting 
trade, which consists chiefly in coals, and, next to them, in the same articles 
as those of foreign export. The principal additional articles are plate-glass, 
paper, bacon and butter, anchors and chain cables, and locomotive engines. 
The quantity and value of these goods are very large, and regular vessels are 
employed for their conveyance to London, Liverpool, Glasgow, Bristol, Hull, 
Dundee, Stockton, Yarmouth, and various Irish ports. 



CCrMMERCE AND MANUFACTUEES, ETC. S07 

The Coal Trade.— The period at whicli the Newcastle coal was first 
worked is not kuovai with auy degree of certainty, but we find it first noticed 
in record by the charter of Hemy III. in 1245, which granted permission to 
mine it. It seems to have been known in the fourteenth century, not only 
in London, but also in France, though it did not become an article of com- 
merce till the latter part of the sixteenth century. About the commence- 
ment of the following century, the French are represented as trading to 
Newcastle for coal, in fleets of fifty sail at a time, serving the ports of 
Picardy, Normandy, Bretagne, &c., even so far south as Eochelle and 
Bourdeaux, vrhile other fleets, sailing to the ports of Bremen, Hol- 
land, and Zealand, supplied the inhabitants of the Low Countries. In the 
reigQ of Charles L, there was a great demand for coal in the metropolis, 
and we find from the ofiicial report of the Trinity House, Newcastle, that 
the exports for 1703 amounted to 48,000 Nev.xastle chaldrons. Vessels do 
not enter or clear at North and South Shields for the Tyne trade, but at 
Newcastle, of which those are the out-stations. The number of ships 
registered at Newcastle was, some years ago, 1,100, and their tonnage 
amounted to 221,276 tons. A coUier makes, on an average, nine or ten (and 
sometimes more) voyages to London in a year, and the arrivals in the Tyne 
annually are not less than 13,000 or 14,000 ; 10,000 of which are on account 
of the coal trade. A very fine marine picture may sometimes be witnessed 
from a bold promontory on the coast. If you take your station on Tynemouth 
Priory, a well-known ruin, placed upon a rock jutting into the sea, when the 
wind has changed after long-continned easterly gales, you may see many 
hundred vessels, mostly colliers, put to sea together, rejoicing at their freedom 
after having been long wind-bound. On one occasion, some three hundred 
vessels, all laden with copd, were observed making sail together in a single 
tide, and distributing themselves over the ocean, vvith their prows turned in 
almost every direction. Some were sailing southward and coastwise for Eng- 
lish ports, for the Channel, and for the southern countries of Europe ; others 
were pointing northward, for Scotland and the Norwegian coast; others 
steered due east, for Denmark and the Baltic ; and all were sinking deep in 
the water, weighed down by that mineral fuel which does more for our national 
advantage than auriferous sands and Peruvian or Mexican silver mines. 
These clingy and crawhng craft are, or were, the "nursery of the British sea- 
men," for being constantly at sea, winter and summer, they necessarily train 
up a race of hardy and practised mariners. But the naval nursery stands, 
or floats in danger of abolition. A new line of clipper screw steamers have 
been started, and have at once reduced the time and cost of transit. These, 
again, have to contend with serious rivals — the railways, which convey coal 
at one farthing a ton per mile, free from vexatious dues and duties, pri^dleges 
and monopolies, all of which hang over the vessels like birds of evil omen. 
At least, let one collier brig be preserved as a specimen of things that were, 
it may soon be a mere curiosity. The first steam collier entered the Thames 
in September, 1852, having run the distance from Newcastle in forty-eight 
hours. She consumed eight tons of coal on the voyage, and bfought 000 tons 






208 HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 

as cargo, tlie wHole of which was discharged in the day, and the vessel went 
back for a further supply. The English coal is now sent to Vienna, and can 
he sold there cheaper than the Austrian coal, besides being far superior. 

Haeeoue. — We find that soon after the conquest records and charters were 
agreed upon, by which the width of the Tyne, near and below Newcastle, 
was divided into three parts, one of Avhich was assigned to the county of 
Northumberland, one to the bishopric of Durham, and the middle of the 
channel was to be free to all. This division of the river led to many contests 
for the ownership and government of this important stream, but the general 
course of modern legislation has been to give increased power to the Corpora- 
tion of Newcastle, whose jurisdiction formerly extended to high water mark on 
both sides of the river, from the sea to some distance above Newcastle, includ- 
ing the creeks of Seaton Sluice and Blyth, and consequently the trade and 
shipping of Gateshead, North and South Shields, Blyth, and Hartley. This 
jurisdiction was somewhat curtailed about five years ago, when Shields was 
created a distinct port. The Tyne, at Newcastle, has a mean breadth of 
about 420 feet — it so ebbs at low water as to leave belts of dry beach, yet 
affords even then a large extent of floating berth; it experiences a rise in 
spring tides of 1 2^ feet, and can bring up to the town at all times vessels of 
from 200 to 300 tons, and occasionally those of 400 tons. The dues exacted 
at the port are from 2s. 4d. to 3s. 4d. a voyage of harbour dues; from Is. to 
4s. a voyage of ballast dues; 2d. per Newcastle chaldron on British ships, 
and Is. 4d. on foreign ships of export duty on coals ; certain dues called 
plankage and groundage on vessels loading and unloading, and export duties 
on grindstones, cinders, and salt. 

JMaekets and Faies. — The meat, vegetable, poultry, and butter markets, 
are held every lawful day in the splendid market buildings formerly noticed. 
The fish-market is held on the ground-floor of the Exchange on the Sandhill, 
Avhich place was fitted up for it in 1823, and is well supplied with every variety 
of fish. The wheat market is held every Tuesday and Saturday, in the 
large area near St. Nicholas's Church. The cattle and hay markets are held 
on Tuesday. The former is situated at the south end of West Clayton- 
street, in front of Marlborough Crescent, and Derwent Place, and the latter 
in an open area at the head of Percy-street. Fairs for horned cattle, sheep, 
and hogs ; and for cloth, and woollen and other goods, are held on August 12th 
and the following nine days, and October 29th and the foUowing nine days, 
and a town fair is held on November 22nd. A fair is held on the last Tues- 
day in May, and the first Tuesday in every month for the sale of lean cattle. 
Hirings for farm servants are held in Percy-street, on the first Tuesday in 
May and November. The Newcastle races are held annually in June, on the 
Town Moor, about a mile north of the tov»T.i. 

Companies, &c. — There are in Newcastle twelve companies called mysteries, 
viz., drapers, mercers, skinners, tailors, merchants of com or boothmen, 
bakers, tanners, cordwainers, saddlers, butchers, smiths, and fullers and 
dyers. There are also, by charter, fifteen companies, called by trades — masters 



COMMERCE AND MANUFACTURES', ETC. 309 

and mariners, weavers, "barber surgeons, shipwrights, coopers, house-carpenters, 
masons, glovers, joiners, millers, curriers, colliers, slaters, glaziers, and 
cutlers — the last is now extinct. There are likewise nine other companies — ■ 
merchant adventurers, hostmen, bricklayers, ropemakers, upholsterers, sail- 
makers, goldsmiths, scriveners, and grocers. 

The masters and mariners are better known under their denomination of 
the Masters and Brethren of the Trinity House. They are a corporate body 
and are said to have been originally a religious society. They had charters 
from Henry VIIL, Edward YI., Mary, Elizabeth, James I., Charles II., and 
James 11. ; and have the sanction, in the matter of hcensing pilots, of an 
act of parliament passed in the 41st year of the reign of George III. Their 
style and title under their last charter is " The Masters, Pilots, and Seamen 
of the Trinity House of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, in the county of Newxastle- 
upon-Tyne." They are authorised hj[ charter to receive prescribed dues for 
keeping two lights "the one at the entrance of the haven of the Tyne, and 
the other on the hill adjoining," and " to appoint pilots, collect primage, and 
support a number of poor brethren or their wives." Besides the two lights 
just mentioned, they also have beacons at Holy Island, Blyth, &c. They 
stiU exercise all these powers, and appoint and control pilots within the 
rivers and seas from Holy Island to Whitby. In the year 1505 they erected 
a residence for their poor brethren, buildings known as the Trinity House, 
which at present contains a hall, board room, library, school, chapel, and 
lodgings for the poor brethren. In the school, which is under the superin- 
tendence of Mr. Thomas Grey, the children of the poor receive a good 
education, the course of instruction embracing reading, mathematics, &c, 
The chapel is capable of accommodating 100 persons. 



CORPORATION, &c. 

In 1835, a bill received the sanction of the legislature for the " Regulation 
of Municipal Corporations in England and Wales," and by the provisions of 
this act, the old corporation of this borough was dissolved, and a new body 
established, which consists of a mayor, fourteen aldermen, and forty-two 
councillors, with the customary assistant officers. Under the authority of 
this Municipal Act, the borough is divided into eight wards, called the St. 
Nicholas's, St. John's, All Saints' West, All Saints' East, St. Andrew's South, 
St, Andrew's North, Westgate, and Jesmond. Six of these wards elect six 
councillors each, the two wards of Westgate and Jesmond only elect three 
each. The councillors retain the office for three years, but are eligible for 
re-election. A third of the number retire from office annually, and their 
vacancies are supplied by annual elections. The aldermen are now 
appointed by the councillors, and during their term of office, which is six 
years, they are members of the council, possessing no power or authority 
above the councillors. The mayor is elected aninially by the council, alder- 
men and councillors alone being ehgible. Previous to the passing of the 





§16 mSTORY OF 2vEWCASTLE-UPa^'-Tyi,'£.. 

above act, tlie mayor, recorder, aldermen, sheriff, and common council were 
chosen from among the freemen of the town, also', all the officers of the cor- 
poration, and none but freemen could seiwe on juries, but these pri^sileges 
are now enjoyed by the whole body of burgesses. The following is a sum- 
maiy of the various rights and privileges now enjoyed by the freemen of 
Newcastle. Freemen residing in the borough, or T^ithin seven miles of -the 
same, possess the right of voting at the election of members of parhament, 
and are exempt from the payment of tolls, and town and port dues. Free- 
men are also ehgible for uiembership in the various incoi-porated companies, 
several of which possess property to a very large amount. Each freeman, 
or widow of a deceased freeman, resident within the limits of the ancient 
borough, has the right of pasture for two milch cows upon the free commons. 
If a freeman's widow continues to carry on her husbands business, she 
enfranchises the apprentices left at his decease, she is also free from tolls, 
dues, (tc, the same as her husband was when li\ing. The rights of freemen 
are acquired by birth, apprenticeship, or by grant or gift fi-om the coi-poration. 
The Justices of the Peace now act under a commission from the 
crown, and are a distinct body from the aldeiTaen, who were formerly ex-officio 
justices of the peace. The burgesses are inhabitant householders ^vithin the 
borough, or vsithin seven miles of it, who have occupied premises rated to the 
rehef of the poor during the year preceding the last day of August, and the 
whole of each of the two preceding years. The quahfication of the councillors 
consists in the clear possession of property to the amount of £500, or being 
rated to the rehef of the poor upon the annual value of £15, and the quahfi- 
cation of the aldermen is the same as that of the councillors. The following 
is a list of the present coi-poration, borough magistrates, &c. 



BOROUGH OF NEWCASTLE. 

COEPOPiATION IX 185i-5. 

Isaac L. Bell, Mayor. 
G-eorctE Hutton "WrLKiNsoN, '-Recorder. 

Edwaed N. Geace, Sheriff. I Eobeet Y. Geeen, Under Sheiiff. 

Jow^ ClaytoXj Town Clerk. j "^'illl\i[ Ar^isiroxg, Treasurer. 



James Sillick. 

Thomas Emerson Headlam. 

Thos. Wm. Keenlyside. 

Ealph Dodds, 

James Dent Weatherley. 



ALDEEMEN. 

Sh John Eife. 
Joseph Hawks. 
James Hodgson. 
Henry Ingledew. 
Joseph Lamb. 



Nathaniel Grace Lambert. 
John Carr. 
William Armsti'ong, 
John Blackwell. 



eOEPORATION, ETC, 



Sit 



ST. NICHOLAS'S AV.IED. 

John Andei'son. 

John Bennet Alexander. 

John Featherstone Ayton. 

George Hunter. 

John Eajne. 

Joseph Laycock. 

SAIXT JOHX'S WARD. 

James Atkinson Locgridge. 
Thos. Lesslie Gregson. 
Isaac Burrell. 
WilHam Brown. 
John CaiT. 
Heniy Angus. 

ALL Saints' west waed. 
George Lamhert. 
T^'ilham Berkley. 



GOUNCILLORS. 

James Dale. 

Anthony Nichol. 

Anthony Parker. 

John Ormston. 
all saints' east waed. 

Thomas Hedley. 

Isaac Lowthian Bell. 

William Turner. 

David Bum. 

Charles Smith. 

■\ Villi am Newton. 
t. Andrew's south w^\ed. 

I>Iark Lambert Jobling. 

Thomas Gray, 

Thomas Wilson. 

George Noble Clark. 

George Robinson. 



John Spoor. 

ST. ANDREW'S NORTH W^AED, 

Ralph Park Philipson. 
Benjamin Plummer. 
Joseph Armstrong. 
Charles Fred. Hamond. 
Edward Hall. 
John Gibson. 

w'estgatb ward. 
Henry Milvain. 
Robert Pattinson, jun. 
George Forster. 

jesmond ward. 
Matthew Thompson. 
EdAv. Nathaniel Grace. 
Thomas Ridley. 



ALDERMEN OF WARDS. 



St. Nicholas's Ward. — Henry Ingledew. 
St. John's Ward. — James Hodgson. 



All Saints' West Ward. 
All Saints' East Waed.- 



— John Carr. 
-John Blackwell. 



St. Andrew's South Ward. — Jas. Sillick. 
St. Andrew's North Y/ard. — T.E.Headlam 
Westgate Ward. — Jas. D. Yfeatherley. 
Jesmond Yvaed. — William Armstrong. 



Coroner — John George Stoker. 

Keeper of the House of Correction — 

Samuel Thompson 
Keeper of the Imperial Standard 

OF Weights and Measures. — Edward 

Redhead. 



Inspector of Coen Returns — T. Forsyth. 
Harbour Master — Simon Danson. 
Tow^N Surveyor — Thomas Bryson. 
Clerk IN the Ballast Offich — R.Pinkey. 
Clerk of the Committee of Revenue 
AND Expenditure — John J. Harrison. 



T. E. Headlam. 
Sir John Fife. 
■^Yilliam Armstrong. 
Robert Plummer. 
Joseph Lamb. 



BOROUGH MAGISTRATES. 

James Sillick. 
Ralph P. Phihpson. 
Edward James. 
George 0. Atkinson. 
Robert Airey. 



John Bulman. 
John Carr. 
Henry Y'"est. 
James Hodgson. 



DEPUTY LIE^ENANTS FOR NEWCASTLE. 



W. Armstrong. 
Sir John Fife. 
George Fenwick. 



James Hodgson. 
Joseph Hawks. 
T. E. Headlam. 



Josej)h Lamb. 
Robert Plummer. 
Aubone Surtees. 



George Shadforth. 
Henry Y'est. 



Members of Parliament. — The present borough, as fixed by the Reform 
Act, includes tlie town and county of the town of Newcastle-upon-TAiie, and 
tlie townships of Elsmck, Westgate, Jesmond, Heaton, and Byker. The area 
of the borough is 5,336 statute acres — its population 87,784. Newcastle has 
sent two members to parliament since the year 198'2, when two of its " more 
wise and experienced citizens " were summoned to the parliament held at 



21^ HISTOEt OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 

Shrewsbury. There have been many contests from time to time at parlia- 
mentaiy elections in Newcastle, and a good deal of party spirit has been 
manifested, but, happily, the feehng is not so virulent at present, nor does 
it appear at all when anything of a national, patriotic, or charitable object is 
brought forward : all petty quarrels are then forgotten, and the only emulation 
manifested is, who shall most powerfully contribute to the general weal, or 
be foremost in complying with the demands which benevolence makes upon 
them. The present representatives of the borough in parliament are, J. F, 
Blackett, Esq., and T. E, Headlam, Esq. 



GENERAL CHARITIES OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



The following account of the charities of Newcastle is extracted from the 
report of the commissioners appointed, in pursuance of acts of parliament, 
to inquire concerning charities in England and Wales, presented to parlia- 
ment in 1837. See also the particulars of the almshouses, schools, and 
other charitable institutions, at preceding pages. 

SixMPSONS Chaeity,— Alderman John Simpson, by his wdll, left the sum of 
£J00 at five per cent, to be paid to the ten oldest men in the Keelmen's 
Hospital on Christmas eve. The sum of £100 still remains in the hands of 
the donor's family, and the yearly sum of £5 is paid in respect thereof, and 
divided equally among the ten oldest keelmen, according to the mtentions of 
the donor. 

Newcastle is one of the twenty-four cities and towns to which Sir Thomas 
White gave, in rotation, the sum of £104, to be lent, in sums of £25, to four 
young freemen, without interest, for ten years, preference being given to 
clothiers, the odd £4 to be employed by the respective mayors, &c. "for 
their care and pains." This charity was established in 1566. 

Frankeleyn's Charity. — John Frankeleyn, by his wiH bearing date 19th 
November, 1572, directed that £100 should be delivered to the mayor and 
aldermen of Newcastle, and the four and twenty of the council of the said 
town for the time being, to be lent to one or two honest young men, upon 
good security, at £10 interest ; and he directed that of the said £10, 
£3. 6s. 8d. should be yearly given to the poor of the said town of Newcastle, 
by the appointment of the mayor and his brethren, and the twenty-four. 
That £3. 6s. 8d. should be yearly given to the alderman of Durham and his 
brethren, whereof 12d. every Sunday should be given to the prisoners in 
meat and drink, such as should be most meet and convenient for them, and 
14s. 8d. yearly should be delivered by even portions to the curates and 
churchwardens of St. Nicholas's Church and St. Giles's Church, who should 
distribute the same to the most needy, aged, or impotent persons, men and 
women, in both the said parishes, against Christmas or Easter, and that the 
said mayor, aldermen, and four and twenty of the council of Newcastle 
should, yearly, deliver to the parson and churchwardens of Houghton-le-Spring, 



GENEEAL CHAEITIES* 213 

four nobles, other part of the said £10, to be given fto the most poor 
and needy through the whole parish, at such day and times as the sum of 
four nobles was appointed to be given by his wife Jane, out of Cocken, and 
the rest of the said £10, being 40s., he directed should be given into the 
town chamber of Newcastle, and that the clerk of the said chamber should 
therewith pro^dde as much white or russet cloth as would make six large 
gowns for six aged men, to be given to such as should be most needy and 
least able to help themselves. 

Nothing is now given to the poor of the almshouses in Newcastle in 
respect of this charity, but the voluntary payments made to the different 
almspeople by the corporation far exceed the sum which the donor intended 
should be so applied. 

Maech's Chaeity. — By indenture, bearing date 5th June, 1595, between 
Kobert Atkinson and George Farnaby of the one part, and the mayor and 
burgesses of Newcastle-upon-Tyne of the other part, reciting that John 
March, by his will, gave £100 to be placed in the town chamber of New- 
castle, by Robert Atkinson and George Farnaby, his executors, to remain 
there for ever, the mayor and burgesses of the said town giving sufficient 
security to the said executors for employing the same in the manner therein- 
after mentioned, viz., that the said £100 should yearly, or every second year 
at furthest, be lent out by the mayor and burgesses unto the honestest and 
least wealthy of the young men of the fellowship or company of merchants, 
or any other free burgess inhabiting the town and county of Newcastle-upon- 
T}Tie, upon good security for repayment of the same, with £10 interest for 
the use thereof, and for the duly employing of the said £10, according to the 
will of the said John March, and further reciting that the said mayor and 
burgesses ha\ing received the said £100, they covenanted that they would let 
out the said £100 to one, two, three, or more persons, as mentioned in the 
said will, and that they would take £10 a year for the use thereof, and pay 
the same according to the will of the said John March, viz., £5 thereof yearly 
to the poorest and neediest of the inhabitants of Newcastle, at the discretion 
of the mayor and burgesses, and their successors ; and the other £5 to be 
paid and distributed amongst the poor people inhabiting and dwelling in the 
parish of Heighington, in the county of Durham, on a certain day yearly, by 
the said mayor and burgesses, to be appointed for the same. 

The sum of £100 is not now lent out by the corporation of Newcastle to a 
poor freeman of the Merchants' Company, at ten per cent, according to the 
intentions of the donor, and nothing is paid in respect of this money, except 
the yearly sum of £4 to the parish of Heighington. 

Chaeities op Millbank and othees. — The following is the substance of 
certain entries in the cash books of the corporation of Newcastle, relating to 
the gifts of Mark Millbank, Esq., William Carr, Esq., and John Rulnne3^ 

April, 1679. — Received of the executors of Alderman Mark Millbank, 
which he left to the town by his will, £200, and £18, the interest since his 
decease, was distributed to several poor people, for which £200 the town pays 
interest at gix per cent to the four churches of this to\vn half-yeaily. 



^14 HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 

Majj 1679.— Received of Mrs. Jane Carr, the relict of William Carr, Esq. 
and Alderman, deceased, the sum of £100 to be disposed half yearly to the 
four churches, at Easter and Michaelmas. £3 half yearly interest, is paid by 
the corporation, at the rate of six per cent. 

October, 1695. — Mr. John Rumney having by his will, dated 34th March, 
1693, bequeathed £"^50 to the mayor and burgesses of the town and county 
of Newcastle, upon trust to put out the same, and distribute the interest as 
follows, viz., one fifth part thereof to the master, brethren, and sisters of the 
hospital of the Holy JesuSj in Newcastle, another fifth part to the poor 
and necessitous inhabitants within the parochial chapehy of St. John, 
another to the poor and necessitous inhabitants T\ithin the parochial chapeliy 
of All Saints, another to the poor and necessitous inhabitants of the parochial 
cliapelry of St. Andrew, and the residue to the poor and necessitous inhabi- 
tants within the parish of St. Nicholas. The sum of £250 is received into the 
hutch, and £12. 10s. Od. per annum is paid on account thereof. 

In respect of these donations there vrere paid by the chamber clerk to the 
churchwarden of St. Nicholas, at the period of the Charity Commissioners' 
inquiry, the following sums, viz., in respect of Mark Millbauk's gift for the 
poor of the four parishes in Newcastle, £12; in respect of William Carr s for 
the same places, £6 ; in respect of Rumney's for the same places, and the 
Hospital of the Holy Jesus, £12. lOs. Od. There Vv-as also paid to the church- 
warden of St. Nicholas by the chamber clerk the following sums as the 
charities of the persons hereafter named ; but there is no account of the 
origin thereof, viz.. Sir Alexander Davison's gift for the four parishes in 
Newcastle, £8 ; Sir Thomas Davison's for the same parishes, £4 ; and Sir 
Mark Millbank's to the parishes of St. Nicholas and All Saints, £12. Total 
£54. 10s. Od. This sum is divided as follows :— To the poor of the parish of 
St. Nicholas, £16; to the poor of All Saints' parish, £16 ; to the poor of St. 
Andrew's, £10; to the poor of St. John's parish, £10; and to the Hospital of 
the Holy Jesus, £2 10s. Od. 

Fenwick's Chaetty.— We possess no information relating to the origin of 
this charity, but the sum Of £1 is paid annually, at Christmas, by the chamber 
clerk, as the gift of John Femvick, Esq., to the governor of the jail, who 
divides it equally amongst all the prisoners. 

Carr's Charity.— Wilham Carr, by his will, bearing date 11th April, 1660, 
bequeathed to the governor and wardens of the Company of Merchant Adven- 
turers of the town of Newcastle, £200, upon condition that they should give 
security to his executrix that the same should be lent from time to time for 
ever to merchants only, who should give good security for the repayment 
thereof at the end of five years after they should receive the same, and that 
no merchant should have a greater portion thereof than £50 ; and he de- 
clared his mind to be, that his heir should from time to time have power to 
nominate one of the said merchants. 

This sum, £200, the Charity Commissioners stated to be in the hands of ' 
the Company of Merchants, ready to be applied according to the directions 
of the donor, but the advant^e attending the lom, is not sufficient to induce 



GENERAL CHARITIES. '" 215 

persons to P^Dplv for it. Notice is occasionally given at the meetings of the 
compahj that this money is ready for the above mentioned purpose. 

Chaeitt of Thomas Davison, tpie Elder. — Thomas Davison, the elder, 
by his will, bearing date 25th November, 1675, devised to the governor, as- 
sistants, vrardens, and fellowship, of Merchant Adventurers of the town of 
Newcastle, and their successors, all his leazes and ridges of land lying in a 
place called Castle Fields or Castle Leazes, without the walls and within the 
liberties of the said town, upon condition that they should yearly, before the 
16th day of December, pay to the churchvrardens of All Saints' in the said 
town, 13s. 4d., to the churchwardens of St. John's, £1 6s. 8d., and to the 
churchwardens of St. Andrew's, £1, and should distribute the surplus of the 
yearly revenue in the month of December, at the discretion of the said 
governor, assistants, and wardens, amongst the poor brethren and sisters of the 
said company. In a report of all the charities in which the Company of 
j^Ierchants are interested, entered in their journal book, under the date of 
1780, after giving an extract of the above-mentioned will, it is stated that the 
lands therein mentioned were sold to the corporation in consideration of the 
yearly rent of £14. This sum is paid by the treasurer of the corporation to the 
Merchants' Compan}^ who pay yearly to the churchwardens of the parish of 
All Saints 13s. 4d., to the churchwardens of the parish of St. John, £2. 6s. 8d., 
and to the churchwardens of the parish of St Andrew, £1. The remaining 
£10 is disposed of with the produce of Timothy Davison's Charity, amongst 
the poor of the company. Of late years there has been only one or tv;d 
persons belonging to the company and falling within this description. 

Timothy Davison's Charity. — Timothy Davison, by his will, bearing date 
7th February, 1694, bequeathed to the governor, assistants, and wardens of 
the Merchant Adventurers of Newcastle, £300, to be secured to his executors 
thereinafter named, on trust, that they and their successors should yearly, in 
the month of December, distribute to the poor brethren and sisters of the said 
company, £12, such as should have been traders and fallen into decay to have 
the preference before others, and should also distribute in the said month to the 
four parishes of St. Nicholas, All Saints, St. John, and St. Andrew, in 
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, £6, to each parish 30s. to be distributed to credible 
freemen or freemen's widows (not of the Merchants' Company) fallen into de- 
cay, of such persons as should be returned to be needy by the minister and 
churchwardens of the several parishes respectively, such distribution to be 
made at the discretion of the governor, assistants, and wardens for the time 
being, and to be recorded yearly in the company's journal book in what 
manner and to whom the same should be distributed. The sum of £300 is 
placed in the hands of the corporation of the town of Newcastle, at four per cent 
interest, and the produce being £12 per annum, is paid to the Company of 
Merchants, and divided by them in the same proportions as the interest at 
six per cent was directed by the testator to be disposed of, viz. : — 

To the four parishes named in the will, £1 each ...... £4 

To the poor of the company ..,...,,,., ,,..i,..,. 8 



916 HISTORY OP NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 

The sum of £8 is disposed of to the poor of the company, with that por- 
tion of the charity of Thomas Davison above mentioned, which was directed 
to be applied in the same manner. The sums appropriated to the four 
parishes are paid to the respective parish officers, to be distributed by them. 

Charities of William and Henry Warmouth. — William Warmouth, 
Esq., who died 22nd July, 1642, by his will, bequeathed to the town of 
Newcastle, £100, for the use and benefit of the society of Merchant Ad- 
venturers, to be disposed of by the common council of the town, in the 
following manner. 

""Imprimis. That the council should make choice of a man free of the 
Company of Merchant Adventurers, being the son of a freeman of that 
town, of good and sober behaviour and godly conversation — and for default 
of such an one, that they should, in the next place, make choice of one that 
had acquired his freedom by service, but if such could not be found amongst 
the company, then in the third place, that they should choose some merchant 
through casualty decayed in his estate — but that before all others they should 
prefer a young freeman by patrimony. 

" Secondly. That the merchant so made choice of, being in the sound 
judgment of the common council not worth in lands or goods £100 in all 
the world, should have the benefit and use of this £100 for three years 
complete, and no longer, 

" Thirdly. That before he should receive the £100 he should enter bond to 
the town, with three sufficient sureties besides himself, to repay the said sum 
into the town chamber at the expiration of three years. 

" Fourthly. That the common council having received the said sum should 
put it out again in like manner. 

" Fifthly. That the csmmon council should not put out the said sum 
twice to the same person, but that it should pass from merchant to merchant 
as before expressed, it being the intent of the said William Warmouth to 
have it so disposed of, hoping that by so doing it might be a means to raise 
many a good merchant, he himself having no more than £100 to begin with 
when he first adventured beyond the seas. 

" Sixthly. It was the desire of the donor, that the common council should 
give the town's seal for an acknowledgment of the receipt, as also for the 
assurance to perform the said articles — and likewise ihat from time to time 
there should be a record kept in the town chamber wherein all the names 
might be entered of those who should receive benefit by that or any other gift 
of that nature." 

Heniy Warmouth, by his will, as appears by an entiy, without date, in 
the journal of the Company of Merchant Adventurers, gave to the mayor, 
aldermen, and common council of Newcastle, the sum of £100, to be disposed 
of by them to ancient decayed merchants of that town, in like manner as the 
£100 was disposed of, which his father, WilHam Warmouth, deceased, j)ut 
into the chamber of the town. 

The sum of £100, left by William Warmouth, is in the hands of the 
corporation of the town of Newcastle, It very rarely happens that any 

: Urn dil . 



General charities. Mf 

person qualified according to the directions of the will makes application for 
a loan. Some years ago it was lent to a poor brother of the Merchants' 
Company, and when it was paid in there was no person qualified to take it 
out again. The corporation have therefore paid four per cent for the money 
to the Company of Merchants, for w^hose benefit this charity was intended, 
and the amount is carried to the general account of the company. 

It appears from the corporation books, that the £100 left by Henry War- 
mouth, was lent 21st April, 1742, to Henry Eden, and there is no trace of 
its ha\dng ever been repaid. 

Rumney's Charity. — John Rumney, by his will, as appears by an extract 
thereof in the journals of the Merchants' Company, without date, bequeathed 
to the Company of Merchants, £100, to the intent that the same might, from 
time to time, upon reasonable security for the repayment thereof, be lent to 
some younger trading member or brother of the said company, for any time 
not exceeding the term of three years, without paying any interest for the 
same. The above-named John Rumney was probably the same person whose 
will, bearing date 14th March, 1693, has been already noticed under the head 
of Charities of Mfilbanks and others. The sum of £100 is now lent out 
according to the directions of the donor. 

Atkinson's Charity. — Joseph Atkinson, Esq., by his will, bearing date 
13th March, 1712, gave to the Company of Merchant Adventurers, £100, to 
be lent to a brother upon reasonable security, without interest. The directions 
of the donor with regard to this charity are strictly carried out. 

Charity of Thomas Davison, tbe Younger. — By deed poll, bearing date 
19th August, 1755, reciting that the mayor and burgesses of the town of 
Newcastle had given a bond, bearing date 29th July, 1755, to Thomas 
Davison, with condition thereunder written, for securing the sum of £500 
with interest at the rate of four per cent, the said Thomas Davison declared 
that the said bond w^as taken in his name, upon trust, to pay the interest of 
the said £500 from time to time as and whenever the same should amount to' 
£50, to any son of a merchant, or young man, who should have served his 
apprenticeship to a merchant in NewTastle, being a freeman of the Company 
of Merchants in the said town, to enable him to set up the trade of a 
merchant there ; such person to be from time to time nominated, after the 
death of the persons therein named, by the mayor, aldermen, sheriff, and 
common council of Newcastle, in common council assembled : and that, 
in case the said £500 should at any time be paid in, the same should be 
placed out at interest, upon security, in the name of the said Thomas 
Davison, his executors or administrators, and the interest thereof applied in 
like manner. The sum of £500 still remains in the hands of the corporation. 
The Governor of the Company of Merchant Adventurers keeps an account of 
the interest arising thereon, and whenever it amounts to £50 he announces 
the same to the company, and an application is thereupon made to the mayor, 
aldermen, and common council, who select such person, being a freeman of 
the said company, and otherwise qualified according to the directions of the 
donor, as they think fit, and the sum of £50 is paid to him to enable him to set 
up his trade. o 2 



318 HISTORY Oi* ySWcASTLE-CPON-TYHE. 



PAROCHIAL CHARITIES. 

Besides the Charity Schools, and their portion of the general charities, 
each parish possesses several bequests for charitable purposes, which we 
subjoin in a tabular form, for the convenience of reference : — 

ST. NICHOLAS'S PARISH. 

Date; Donors and nature of gifts. To Avliat purposes applied. Annual value. 

1648. Andrew Aldworth (rent charge) most needy householders... £ 10 

1660. William Carr (rent charge) ... poor generally 2 

1675. T. Davidson, the elder (rent ch.) poor 1 12 6 

1679. Sir W.Blackett (rent charge)., poor. 200 

1694. Timothy Davison (interest) ... decayed fieemeu, or free- 
men's widows 1 

1710. Nicholas Pddley (rent charge)... aged and decrepid poor 1 10 

1716. Matthew White (rent charge) . ten poor housekeepers...... 1 10 q 

1717. Wrightington and others (£ 5 9 0) poor generally 23 10 

1782. — Douglas (rent charge) poor 20 

1786. — Yernol (rent charge) poor housekeepers 2 

. — Johnson (£4) ..^ poor generally 4 



Total......... ...£56 



ALL SAINTS' PAKISH. 

1585. Thomas Smith (rent charge)... poor 2 9 6 

1658. L. Carr (rent charge) poor 10 

1660. W. Carr (rent charge) poor 10 

1661. John Cosyn (rent charge) poor frequenting church, in 

bread,weeldy, after morn- 
ing service, £5 4s. Od. 
residue to repairs of 

church 10 4 

1673. David Sheavill (rent charge)... poor 3 10 

1675. T. Davison, the elder (interest) poor 13 4 

. Johnson (interest) poor 4 

1679. Sir W. Blacket (rent charge)... poor 2 

1692. John Collier (rent charge) poor 3 

1693. Richard Hutchinson (rent ch.) poor 5 

1694. Timothy Davison (interest) ... freemen or freemen's widows 10 
1694. Geo. CoUingwood (rent charge) two poor widows 2 

1710. Nicholas Ridley (rent charge)., most aged and decrepidpoor 10 

1711. Robert Fenwick (rent charge), poor 4 

1712. John Bee twelve poor widows 6 

Carried forward .£42 10 10 



I^AROCHIAL CHARITIES. ' ^19^ 

ALL SAINTS' PARISH (Gontiuued). 

Date. Donors and nature of gifts. To what purposes applied. Annual value. 

Brouglit forward £42 10 10 

1716. Mattliew White ten housekeepers on Christ- 
mas-day 10 

1736. Woodman (rent charge)... poor ;. 12 

1780. Thomas Lemon (£100) poor.. 3 

'™_'|Holmesafid others (£600) ... poor 26 8 

Total ....j£73 10 10 

ST. ANDRETf 'S PARISH. 

1648, Andrew Aldwor th (ren t charge) most needy housekeep ers . . . 

1675. T. Davison, the elder (interest) poor generally 

1679. Sir W. Blackett (rent charge) . poor generally 

1694. Timothy Davison (interest) ... freemen or freemen's widows 
1710. Nicholas Pddley (rent charge)., most aged decrepid poor . . . 
1716. Matthew White (rent charge). . two poor housekeepers on 

Christmas-day 

Johnson (interest) poor generally ; . . . . 

Allgood and others (£420) poor generally 16 

Church tenements (rent and 

rent charge) churchwarden's account ... 33 1 2 

Total ..^..£56 1 2 

ST. JOHN'S PARISH. 

1648. Andrew Aldworth (rent charge) most needy housekeepers . . » 

1675. T.Davison, the elder (interest) poor generally 

1679. Sir W. Blackett (rent charge). . poor 

Johnson (interest) poor 

1694. Timothy Davison (interest) ... freemen or freemen's widows 

1710. Nicholas Ridley (rent charge)., most aged decrepid poor ... 

1716. Matthevf White (i*ent charge). . ten poor housekeepers on 

Christmas-day 

1717. Percival (rent) poor 

1717. Rev. G. Ritschell (rent charge) forty poor widows, Is. each 

on St. Thomas's da}" ... 











































1 











4 





6 


16 






various 



^'^Jg^^[Wrightson and others (£290) poor generally 



1 








1 


6 


8 


2 











4 





1 








1 








1 








6 








2 








1 


12 






Total ...£2: 



Total of the fouv Paiishes. ....... ...£213 I 2 



220 HISTOEY Of kewcastle-upok-tyne. 

WoETHTES. — Amongst the eminent men wlio occn-py niclies in tlie New- 
castle Temple of Fame, or were distinguished for their piety, literary attain- 
ments, or proficiency in the arts or sciences, and who were born or flourished 
here, we find the following : — 

Thomas Bewick, the celebrated wood engraver, was born in the year 1753, 
at Cherryburn, near Ovingham, in this county, and manifesting at an early 
age a great proficiency in drawing, he was bound apprentice to Kalph Beilby, 
a distinguished engraver of Newcastle. He cut in wood the mathematical 
diagrams for Hutton's Mensuration, which was published in Newcastle in 
1770 ; but the work which first brought him into notice was his wood-cut of 
*' The Old Hound," which gained the prize of seven guineas from the Society 
of Arts in 1775. Shortly after the termination of his apprenticeship he was 
taken into partnership by his master, and in the year 1790 appeared his 
"History of Quadrupeds." This was followed by "The British Birds," and 
the "Fables of^sop," the last of his published works. Mr. Bewick pos- 
sessed a rare union of talent, being a naturalist, a draughtsman, and an 
engraver. He died at his house in Gateshead, on the 8th November, 1828, 
in the 76th year of his age. 

SiE Waltee Blackett was born December the 29th, 1708. On the 
13th of October, 1733, he was admitted to the freedom of Newcastle, and was 
mayor of that town in 1735, 1748, 1756, 1764, and 1771; high-sheriff of 
Northumberland in 1732, and M.P. for Newcastle in 1734, 1741, 1747, 
1754, 1768, and for the seventh time in 1774. He was a munificent con- 
tributor to public works and private charities, and was one of the most earnest 
supporters of the Newcastle Infirmary at its establishment in 1751, when he 
subscribed £200 towards its erection, and £50 per annum in support of the 
institution. Five years afterwards he made another donation of £1,000. 
His works and charities are still the theme of common conversation. He 
died in Loudon on the 14th February, 1777, in the 69th year of his age. 

The Rev. Heney Bouene, author of " Antiquitates Vulgares," was a native 
of this town. In early life he was bound apprentice to a glazier, in the Side, 
in Newcastle, but evincing a disposition for letters, his master cancelled the 
indentures, and he was again sent to school, and \Yas admitted a sizar in 
Christ's College, Cambridge, in 1720. Having taken his degree, he returned 
to Newcastle, and was appointed cm^ate of All Saints', where he officiated till 
his decease in 1733. Besides the work above mentioned he was the author 
of " A Treatise upon the Collects, Epistles, and G-ospels of the Book of 
Common Prayer," in 1727 ; and " The History of Newcastle," in 1736. This 
last was not published till three years after the author's death. 

The Rev. John Beand was a resident of Newcastle. He was born on 
August 19th, 1744, at Washington, in the county of Durham, where his 
father Alexander Brand was parish clerk. On his mother's death he came to 
reside with his maternal uncle, Anthony Wheatley, cordwainer, residing in 
the Back Row, Newcastle, to whom he was bound apprentice in September, 
1758. He was educated at the Grammar School, then under the able 
direction of the Rev. Hugh Moises, by whose interest he was sent to the 
University of Oxford, where he obtained the degi^ee of B.A, Having been 



EMINENT MEN. 23 t 

ordained, he became cid'ate of Bolam iu this county, and was subsequently- 
transferred to the curacy of St. Andrew's, in Newcastle. He was afterwards 
presented with the curacy of Cramlington, and at the time of his demise in 
September, 1806, he was rector of the united parishes of St. Mary at the Hill, 
and St. Andrew Hubbard in the city of London, and resident secretary to 
the Society of Antiquaries. Mr. Brand was the author of the following 
works, ^iz : — " Obseiwations on Popular Antiquities, including the whole of 
Mr. Bourne's Antiquitates Vulgares, with Addenda to every chapter of that 
work : as also, an Appendix, containing such articles on the subject as have 
been omitted by that author," 8vo. ; A "History of Newcastle," and several 
minor publications. 

Yice-Admieal Loed Collingwood, was born at Newcastle, in ] 750. He 
was the friend and confidant of the gallant Nelson, after whose fall at the 
battle of Trafalgar, Admiral Collingwood completed the victory in the most 
gallant style, for which conduct, November 24th, 1805, the freedom of the 
City of London and a sword valued at two hundred guineas, were voted to him. 
The same year, the common council of Newcastle voted him a piece of plate 
valued at one hundred and fifty guineas, and the master and brethren of 
Trinity House, presented him with the freedom of that corporation in a gold 
box. He also received a splended present from the Newcastle Armed 
Associated Voluntary Infantry, for his meritorious conduct on the same 
occasion. He died off Minorca, on board the Yille de Paris, on the 7th May, 
1810. His remains were interred in St. Paul's Cathedral. 

John Scott, Eael of Eldon, High Steward of the University of Oxford, 
a Governor of the Charterhouse, and a member of the Privy Council, D.C.L., 
F.K.S., and F.S.A., was born at his father's house in Love Lane, Newcastle, 
on the 4th June, 1751. John, who was the youngest of the family, like his 
brother William, was educated at the Grammar School of Newcastle, but at an 
early age he quitted it for the University of Oxford, where he matriculated, 
at University College, on May 1 5th, 1766, being then in his fifteenth year. 
While there he received the assistance of his brother's private and public 
tuition, and to such good account was it turned that in July, 1767, he was 
elected a fellow of his college. He took the degree of B.A. in 1770, and in 
the following year gained the Chancellor's prize of twenty guineas, for an 
English essay " On the Advantages and the Disadvantages of Foreign Travel." 
In 1773, Scott was admitted a student of the Middle Temple, but as yet he 
resided principally at Oxford, and in order to add to his income at that time, 
he took part in the tuition of University College, with his brother and Mr. 
Fisher, afterwards the master of the Charterhouse. He also read lectures as 
deputy of the Vinerian Professor of Common Law, in the years 1774-1776. 
He then applied himself exclusively to the study of the law — he was called to 
the bar in 1776, and within seven years after, received a silk gown. In 1783 
he obtained a seat in parliament for Weobly, through the Lord Chancellor 
Thurlow's interest with Lord Weymouth. In 1788 he was made Solicitor- 
general and knighted, and on the promotion of Sir Archibald Macdonald to the 
office of Chief Baron of the Exchequer, in February 1793, Sir John Scott was 
made Attorney-general. Six years afterwards he\Yas raised to the peerage by 



S23 HISTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, 

the title of Baron Eldon, and appointed Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, 
and in 1801, he became Lord Chancellor of England. This important office 
he held till 1806, when Erskine succeeded him under the administration of 
"All the Talents." On the 1st. of April, 1807, he was re-appointed, and 
from this period he continued in office until i^-pril 30th, 1 827, altogether 
nearly twenty-five years. On his resignation in 1827, he received from 
George IV. a present of a superb silver vase as a token of respect, and in 
1821, on the coronation of that king, he was promoted to the dignity of 
Viscount Encombe and Earlof Eldon. For a few years after his resignation 
Lord Eldon continued to attend the House of Lords, and on important 
occasions he took part in the debates, occasionally with the vigour of his early 
days, but as old age increased, his attendance became less frequent, and 
domestic bereavements were added to infirmities. The loss of his favourite 
son in 1832, was a severe blow, and the state of his brother. Lord. Stowell, 
was a farther most bitter affliction. At length in January, 1838, he expired 
from the effects of age, calmly and without pain, at his house, Hamilton 
Place, London, in the 87th year of his age. 

The Rev. Richard Dawes. — This distinguished scholar and critic, was born 
at Stapleton, in Leicestershire, and entered Emanuel College, in the Univer- 
sity of Cambridge, in 1725. He obtained the degree of M.A. in 1733, and 
in 1738 was appointed head master of the Royal Grammar School, in 
Newcastle-upon-Tyne. He w^as appointed master of the Hospital of St. 
Mary the Virgin, in the sam^e year. While occupying these offices, he was 
indefatigable in prosecuting his inquiries into the nature, peculiarities, and 
structure of the Greek tongue, and accordingly he published his "Miscellanea 
Critica." By this work he obtained a very high position among those who 
have contributed to the promotion of Greek learning in England. He died 
at Heworth Shore, on the 2lst of March, 1766, aged 57 years. 
|^~ Charles Hutton, L.L.D., F.R.S. was bom in Percy-street, Newcastle- 
upoii-Tyne. Like many others he was entu'ely a self-taught ma,thematician. 
In the early part of his hfe he worked as a hewer in Old Long Benton 
Collieiy, but not being able to continue at such laborious employment, he 
opened a school in Jesmond village, and afterwards removed to Xew'castle, 
where he taught \nth. great success till 1773, when he was appointed by the 
Board of Ordnance to the professorship of mathematics in the Royal Militaiy 
Academy, Woolwich. The following year he was elected a fellow of the Royal 
Society. His publications were very numerous, and for a long period have 
occupied a very high position as mathematical treatises. He died at his 
house in Bedford Row, London, on the 27th Januar}', 1823, in the 86th year 
of his age. 

The Rev. Hugh Moises, A.M. was for manj^ year^ head master of the 
Ptoyal Grammar School in this towm, and justly celebrated for his laborious 
and successful discharge of the important duties attached to his position. 
Among his pupils we find the names of the Earl of Eldon, Lord Stowell, Lord 
Collingwood, and several other eminent persons. He resigned the mastership 
of the Grammar School on June 14th, 1787, when his pupils presented him 
with an eslegant and yaluable diamond ring, on which was engraved the 



EMINENT MEN. '23^ 

following motto:— Optime Moeenti. He died in Northumberland-street, 
Newcastle, on the 5th July, 1806, in his 85th year. 

William Scott, Loed Stowell, was born on the ITtli of October, 1745, 
old style, at Hevrorth, in the county of Durham. His mother was Jane, 
daughter of Mr. Henry Atldnson, hostman, and his father William Scott, a 
substantial coal-fitter and merchant, residing in Loye Lane, Newcastle. 
Owing to the rebellion that broke out in 1745, and the alarm then prevalent 
in Newcastle, which had been fortified against the pretender, his mother, 
when in an advanced state of pregnancy, was lowered in a basket from the 
town wall, into a boat wlrich lay in waiting to convey her to Heworth, on the 
southern shore of the Tyne, where William, the future Lord Stow- ell, was born 
shortly afterwards. Mr, Tvriss, however, gives tw-o stories, which have been 
current on this subject; and though the above is the more romantic and more 
popularly-believed version, he accepts one, in which the contents of the basket 
are said to have been — not the lady, but the medical practitioner who was to 
attend her at Heworth. In consequence of this, New^castle w^as deprived of 
the honour of being his birth-place, yet otherwise the circumstance was pro- 
ductive of good ; it rendered him eligible when at Oxford for a Durham 
scholarship, and that was the stepping-stone to his further honours. He 
received his early education at the Grammar School of Newcastle, then under 
the able tuition of the Kev. Hugh Moises, a gentleman of high classical 
attainments, as well as possessed of the happy art of gaining the affections of 
his scholars. To the advice of this excellent man both Lord StoweU and 
Lord Eldon were indebted for being sent to Oxford. Li 1761, William Scott 
was matriculated at that University, having gained a Durham scholarship at 
Corpus Christi College, and in November 1764, he took the degree of B.A. In 
the following month he was elected Probationary Fellow of University College, 
and at the age of twenty was appointed college tutor. In 1767 he took his 
Masters degree, and in 1772, he became B.C.L., having determmed to follow 
the Civil Law as a profession. In the year 1774 he was elected Camden 
Eeader of Ancient History, vacant by the death of Mr. Warneford, and 
" never," says a writer in the Law Magazine, " were the duties of the pro- 
fessorship so ably filled since its first institution in 1662. His lectures are 
said to have been attended by the largest concourse of academics ever known, 
who were equally delighted ' with the classical eloquence of his style, the 
admirable arrangement of his subject, and the luminous information conveyed 
by him. In these particulars they successfully competed with the course of 
lectures dehvered by the Vinerian Professor, Blackstone, which they equalled 
in popularity." In 1776, Scott withdrew from the arduous duties of tutor 
and devoted himself more particularly to those studies wdiich were happily 
blended with the enquiries of the professor. Until 1779 he remained at 
Oxford, but in that year he took the degree of D.C.L., and enrolled himself a 
member of the College of Doctors at Law practising in the Ecclesiastical and 
Adi^iiralty Courts. Shortly after his first settling in the metropolis he 
became enrolled amongst the wits, in an age that could boast of Dr. Johnson, 
Sir William Jones, and Sir Joshua Pie3'nolds. In 1783, he was appointed 
Registrar of the Court of Faculties, and in 178S he was selected by the 



^M 



HISTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Bishop of London, to be judge of the Consistory Court. In the same year 
he was advanced to the office of Advocate General, and received the honour 
of knighthood, he was chosen Master of the Faculties in 1790, and in 1798 
was created Judge of the High Court of Admiralty. On the coronation of 
George IV., Sir W. Scott was raised to the peerage by the title of Baron 
Stowell, and in 1828 he retired into the calm seclusion of private life. He 
died at Early Court, in Berkshire, on Thursday the 96th of January, 1836, 
in the 91st year of liis age. 

POST OFFICE, NEWCASTLE. 

Charles Headlam, Esq., Postmaster. 

AERIVALS. 



From Benton and Earsdon 4 

London, and places South, Ireland, North & South Shields & Sunderland 7 

■ Sunderland, and North and South Shields 5 

Edinburgh and places north 5 

Carlisle, and places west 5 

Seaton Burn, Benwell, and BuUman VUlage 4 

Kyton and Winlaton 4 

North Shields, (Howden, WiUington, and Wallsend) 4 35 & 9 

Kenton, Ponteland, Belsay, Kirkwhelpington, &c 9 

Edinburgh, and places north 10 

London, and places south 5 

On Sundays — Erom Carlisle, and places west LI 

No Arrivals from the South on Sunday Night. 

DEPARTURES. 



45 p.m. 

2 a.m. 

5 p.m. 
40 p.m. 
15 p.m. 
45 p.m. 
45 p.m. 
30 p.m. 
30 p.m. 
20 p.m. 

5 p.m, 
40 a.m. 



To Edinburgh, and places north, and North and South 
Shields 

„ Hexham, and places east of Carlisle 

„ Benton, Earsdon, Howden, Willington, Wallsend, 
Byton, Ponteland, Walbottle, Seaton Burn, Hed- 
don, and Kirkwhelpington 

„ North Shields 

„ London and the south, Hull, Scarborough, Whitby, 
and Harrogate, Cumberland and West of Scot- 
land, Sunderland, and South Shields 

„ London and the south, Ireland, Sunderland and 
South Shields 

5, Carlisle, Cumberland, Westmoreland, and West of 
Scotland 

„ Edinburgh, and places north 

„ Hexham 

On Sundays — To Carlisle 



Letter 

Box 

Closes at 



6 30 a.m 
9 45 a.m, 



7 30 a.m, 
5 5 p.m, 



5 5 p.m. 

10 p.m. 

1 p.m. 

4 20 p.m, 

10 Op.m, 

4 20 p.m. 



Fee on 

each letter 

Id. until 



6 45 a.m 



5 30 p.m. 



5 30 p.m. 
after which 

hour no 
Letters are 

received. 

4 35 p.m. 

4 40 p.m. 



Departures. 



7 a.m. 
10 a.m. 



5 45 p.m, 

5 45 p.m. 

10 35 p.m. 

1 45 p.m. 
4 45 p.m. 

6 30 a.m. 
4 45 p.m. 



No despatch to the North on Sunday nights. 

There is a General Delivery, by the Letter Carriers, at 8 50 a.m. and 6 30 p.m. 

On Sundays. — The Town Deliveries are at the Letter Carriers' Window from 8 30 till 
10 a.m. The Town Eeceiving Houses, at Ban-as Bridge, Westgate, St. Ann's and Quay- 
side, are cleared twice each day (except Sunday), at 4 5 p.m. and 9 p.m. Money Order 
Office open every day (except Sunday) from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m.; fee on sums -not exceed- 
ing £2, 3d.; exceeding £2 and not exceeding ^5, 6d. 



DIRECTORY 



OP 



NEWOASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



AARONSON Lewis, picture dealer, 24, 

Carliol-street 
Abbot John, iron merchant, ho. 2 Ellison-pl 
Abbs Cooper, solicitor, 51, Westgate-street 
AeasterStephen,vict.P/oM^/il7in,Spicer-lane 
Adams Ann, yict. Royal Oak, St. Lawrence 
Adams James, draper, 17, Stowell-street 
Adams Eobert Kenjaniin, baker. Cut bank 
AdamsonChas. Murray, sol. (J.Adamson& 

Sons); ho. Crag Hall, Jesmond 
Adamson John, solicitor (J. Adamson and 

Sons); ho. Yictoria-terrace 
Adamson John, and Sons, solicitors, 17, 

Clayton-street West 
Adamson William, sohcitor (J. Adamson & 

Sons); ho. Tynemouth 
Addison John, prov. dealer, 11, Marlbro'-st 
Addy Eobert, marine store dealer, Percy-st 
Affleck James draper, 85, Blandford-street 
Affleck Mrs. Mary, 15, Prudhoe-street 
Ainsley & Aydon, grocers, 7, Grainger-st 
Ainsley John, grocer (Ainsley & Aydon); 

ho. 24, East Parade 
Ainsley Wm. flour dealer, 52, Groat Market 
Ainsworth Mary Ann, lodgs. 33, Grainger-st 
Airey Mrs. Jane, 18, High Claremont-place 
Airey Eobert, pilot master, 20, Broad-chare 
Aisbitt John, prov. dealer, 32, Percy-street 
Aisbitt Joseph, tailor, Shield-street 
Aisbitt Matthew, vict. Old Beehive Inn, 34, 

Sandgate 
Aitchison John, and Co. Edinburgh Ale 

House, 19, East Clayton-street 
Aitkin D. tailor. Seam-street 
Aitken Jas. prov. dealer, Westmoreland-st 



Aitken Wm. vict. Glove Inn, West Clayton- 
street 

Akenhead Algernon, victualler, Old Nag's 
Head, 26, Cloth Market 

Akenhead Mr. David, 1, St. Thomas's-pl 

Alchisio Lewis, looking glass and picture- 
frame manufacturer, 4, Market-street 

Alder Mr. Joshua, 1, Ravens worth-terrace 

Alder Ealph, grocer, Willington-quay 

Alder Thomas & John C. whitesmiths. High 
Bridge ; ho. Spital Tongues 

Alderson John, watch glass maker, 32, Pud- 
ding-chare ; ho. 12, Wellington-street 

Alderson Thomas, painter, Trafalgar-st 

Alderson Thomas, paper hanger, 20, St. 
John's-lane 

Alexander Anthony, beerhouse, Willington- 
quay 

Alexander & Wood, commission agents, 
Grinding-chare, Quayside 

Alexander Jas. M.D. surgeon, 16, SaviUe- 
row; surgery, 11-|-, Northumberland-st 

Alexander Jane, prov. dealer, Manor-st 

Alexander John, commission agent (Alex- 
ander & Wood), Grinding-chare; ho. 
Spital, Berwick upon-Tweed 

Alexander John B, merchent, (Boldemann, 
Berries & Co.); ho. 7, North-terrace 

Alexander Thomas, builder and contractor, 
10, Copeland-terrace, Shieldfield 

Alhusen Christian, Elswick Hall 

Allan Andrew, flour and provision dealer, 
36, Low Friar-street 

Allan Jas. confectioner, (Snowball ct Allan); 
ho. Lovaiue-terrace 



226 



DIRECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Allan Mary, hosier, 31, Sandhill; ho. 106, 

Blenheim-street 
Allan Michael, tallow chandler, Sand-hill; 

ho. 106, Blenheim-street 
Allan Michael sohcitor,(R. M, & M. Allan); 

ho. 106, Blenheim-street 
Allan Ealph T. Low Crane House, 43, Quay 
Allan Eichard, builder, etc. Leazes lane; 

ho. 2, Blackett street 
Allan Eobert Munro, solicitor, (E. M. & M. 

Allan); ho. 4, Eldon-street 
Allan E. M. and M. solicitors, 51:, Dean-st 
Allan Wm. brush manufacturer, 11:, Cloth 

Market; ho. Queen-street 
Allen Christoph, butcher. 111, New Market, 

and T\^estgate ; ho. Westgate-hill-terrace 
Allen John, bootmaker, 58, Xewgate-st 
Allen John & William, Wallsend Chemical 

works, Wallsend 
Allen John, manufacturing chemist (J. and 

W. Allen); ho. 4, Victoria-terrace 
Allen Mary, professor of music, 12, Sun- 

derland-street 
Allen Wm. manufacturing chemist (J. and 

W. Allen); ho. 4, A^ictoria-place 
Allport Martha, miUiner, 13, Coliiagwood-st 
Allinson George, painter, 74, Pilgrim-st. ; 

ho. 72, Buckingham-street 
Allinson Eichard, accountant & arbitrator, 

Arcade ; ho. 8, West Parade 
Allison Geo. sub-inspec. police, Back-lane 
Allison Henry P. surgeon, l,Eegent- terrace 
Allison Js. grocer. &c. 28, Butcher-bank 
Allison John, Hope & Anchor Inn, saddler 

and shopkeeper, Catteiick's-bdgs. Byker 
Allison Ealph, vict. and provision dealer, 

Wheatsheaf Inn, Lime-street 
Allon Catherine Ann, tal. chand. Sand gate 
Allon Eichard, builder, &c. Leazes-lane ; 

ho. 42, Blackett-street 
Amos Frances, prov. dlr. 6, Butcher-bank 
Amry Geo. cabinet maker, Buckingham-st 
Anderson Alice, milliner, 1, Albion-street 
.Anderson Ann. staymaker, 32, Blackett-st 
Anderson Archibald, cattle salesman, 13, 

Marlborough-crescent 
Anderson Mrs. Catherine, 6, St. jMartin's-ct 
Anderson Chas. Geo. coach manufacturer, 

8, Northumberland-place 
Anderson EUen and Ann, Jesmond-gTove 
Anderson Elizabeth, eating house, 25, West 

Clayton street 
Anderson Jacob, vict. Wheatsheaf Inn, 2, 

Waterloo-street 
Anderson James merchant, (Bradshaw & 

Anderson); ho. 3, Lovaine-place 
Anderson James, cordial mfactr, 2, Hill-st 



Anderson James, %dct. Hal/moon Inn, 
Mosley-st. and St. Nicholas's-churchyard 
Anderson James, cabinet mkr. and uphol- 
sterer, Crick-st. ; ho. Percy-street 
Anderson James, painter, 15, Low Priar-st 
Anderson John, gentleman, 1, Leazes-crsnt 
Anderson John, agent, 4, Elswick-lane 
Anderson John & Sons, mrchts. 58, Close 
Anderson John & Thomas, grocers and tea 

dealers, 39, Dean street 
Anderson John, wholesale grocer, (J. & T. 

Anderson), Carliol-sq ; bo. Higham-pl 
Anderson John, banker (W. H. Lambton & 

Co.) ho. Cox lodge 
Anderson Joseph, agnt. Low Swinburne-pl 
Anderson Joseph, solicitor, Westmoreland 
house, Westgate-st; ho. Benwell Tower 
Anderson Joseph, cbnt. mkr. 56, Percy-st 
Anderson & Mack, auctioneers, 42, Grey-st 
Anderson Matthew, merchant, (J. Anderson 

& Sons); ho. Jesmond Cottage 
Anderson Mrs. 68, Westgate-street 
Anderson Peter, auctioneer, commission 
agent, and agent to the Deposit and Ge- 
neral Life Assurance Company, 19, 
Clayton-street West 
Anderson Eobert, agent, B. Bank of Eng- 
land, 13 Gray-street 
Anderson Eob. coal fit. 29, Quay; ho. Westoe 
Anderson Sarah & Mary, dressmakers, 32, 

Blackett-street 
Anderson Thomas, tobacconist (Anderson 

& Young); ho. West-parade 
Anderson Thomas^ grocer, (J. & T. Ander- 
son); ho. 3, West Parade 
Anderson Thomas, tobacconist, 17, Side 
Anderson Thos. prov. dh-. 40, Gallowgate 
Anderson William, colliery agent, Byker 
Anderson Wm. auctioneer, &c. (Anderson 

& Mack), 42, Westmoreland-terrace 
Anderson Wm. Losh, wine and spirit mer- 
chant (Monkhouse, ALuderson, and Fair- 
bairn); ho, 6, Saville place 
Anderson Wm. cabinet mkr. 102, Percy-st 
Anderson & Young, tobacco mfrs. 17, Side 
Andrews Ann, lodgings, 2, Leazes-crescent 
Angas Mr. John Lindsay, 3, Eavensworth- 

terrace 
Angas Mr. Joseph, Arthur's Hill 
Angas, Silas, & Co. stock & share brokers, 

24, Dean-street 
Angus, Abraham Cooper, provision dealer, 

36, Gibson-street 
Angus Geo. currier, andgutta percha mer- 
chant, 36, Grey-street, and 9, Close ; ho. 
1, Barrington place, Gateshead 
Angus John, billiard rm. kpr. 9, Market-st 



DIRECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TTNE. 



mi 



Angus Henry, coacli and harness mfr. 44, 
Westgate-street, opposite the Assembly 
Eooms ; ho. Eye-hill 
Angus Henry, tanner, 63, Newgate -St.; ho. 

2, St. James-street 

Angus Hy, cabinet mkr, 42, West Clayton-st 

Angus James, china and glass merchant, 

8, Grainger-st. 2, Market-st. and 8, Shak- 

spere-st. ; ho. Carr's-hill 

Angus John, brewer, spirit merchant, and 

malster. Stag Brewery, 39, Percy-st 
Angus Jonathan, draper (Angus & Wilson); 

ho. 3, Elswick- villas 
Angus Margaret, prov. dlr. 71, Northum- 
berland-street 
Angus IMrs. Mary, 15, Cottenham-street 
Angus Silas stock and share borker, (Silas 
Angus & Co.); ho. 64, Westmoreland-ter 
Angus T. C. & Co. merchants, 9, Close 
Angus Thos. Crosthwaite, merchant (T. C. 
Angus & Co.); ho. Union Cottage, Gates- 
head 
Angus & Wilson, drapers, 74, Grey-street 
Annandale Andrew, paper stainer (Good- 
lad & Co.); ho. 30, Eye-hill 
Annandale James, paper mfr. (G.Annan- 
dale & Sons); ho. 37, Yfestgate-st, and 
Lintzford 
Annandale Thos. surgeon, 62, Northum- 
berland-street 
Apenes Andrew, ship broker, Indian King's- 

court; ho. Eidley-villas 
Appleby & Davidson, quarrymen, West 

Grove Quarry 
Appleby James, prov. dealer, Pandon-bank 
Appleby John, grocer and provision dealer. 

West Parade 
Appleby Mr. Joseph, 14, Elswick East-ter 
Appleby William, grease and oil merchant, 

Thompson's-court, 14, Cloth Market 
Appleby Win. butcher, 130, New Market, 

and 25, East Clayton-street 
Appleby Wm. quarryman (Appleby & Da- 
vison); ho. Elswick-street 
Appleby Wm. prov. dealer, 14, Elswick-st 
Appleton Wm. fire engine kpr. 6, Bell's-ct 
Archbold Miss Elnr. Boyal Exchange 

Hotel, Hood-street 
Archbold Eobt. prov. dealer, 22, Bayley-st 
Archbold Thomas, stencillor, Gallowgate 
Archbold W. stencillor, 92, Newgate-street 
Archer James, boot and shoe maker, 51, 

Westgate-hill 
Archer Eichard Henry, com. agent, Close; 

ho. Eavensworth-terrace, Gateshead 
Archer Eobert, chicory, &c. mfr. (John 
Eichardson & Co.); ho. Percy-street 



Archer Thomas, printer, 39, Prudhoe-st 
Arkley Anna, milliner, 03, Grainger-st 
Arkley John, butcher, 12, Quayside ; ho. 

14, Stepney-terrace 
Armfield Alice, marine store dealer, 12, 

Eidding-chare 
Armitage Edward, vict. Smiths' Arms, 6, 

Prudhoe-street 
Armitage Yfm. basket maker and willow 

merchant, Manor-cliare ; ho. Union-st 
Armour John, earthenware mfr. (James 

Yfallace & Co.) ho. Blenheim-street 
Armstrong Ann, preparatory and infant, 

and boarding and day school, and fur- 
nished lodgings, 10, Clayton-st. west 
Armstrong Crawford Henry, butcher, 174, 

New Market ; ho. 2, St. James's-terrace 
Armstrong Dorothy, grocer and prov. dlr. 

Arthur's-hili 
Armstrong Elizab. milliner, 58, Newgate-st 
Armstrong Francis, builder, Summer-hnl 
Armstrong Geo. grocer, 95, East Clayton-st 
Armstrong Geo. cashier at Savings Bank; 

ho. Higham-place 
Armstrong Geo. secretary to the Blyth and 

Tyne Eailway, office, 35, Grey-st 
Armstrong Hugh, timber merchant, &c. 32, 

Northumberland-street 
Armstrong James, baker & flour dealer, 10, 

Lower Buxton-street 
Armstrong James, baker, Buxton-street 
Armstrong Joseph, newspaper proprietor, 

(Blackwell & Co.); ho. Higham-place 
Armstrong Joseph ironmonger, (Jameson & 

Co.); ho. Higham-place 
Armstrong Pearson, solicitor, 9, Mosley-st.; 

ho. Lovaine-street 
Armstrong Thos. prov. dlr. Elswick-lane 
Armstrong Thomas, goldbeater, 38, Bigg 

Market; ho. 10, Northumberland-street 
Armstrong VAn. borough treasurer, office, 

Town's Hutch ; ho. Percy-street 
Armstrong Wm. butcher, Waterloo-st 
Armstrong YIm. butcher, 4, New Market 
Armstrong Wm. prov. dealer, 2, Erick-st 
Armstrong Wm. prov. dealer, 1, Tindal-st 
Armstrong Wm. agent, 65, Percy-st 
Armstrong William, clerk, Shield-st 
Armstrong W. & Co. grocers, 27, Moslej'-st 
Armstrong Wm. grocer (W. Armsti'ong & 

Co.); ho. York-etreet 
Armstrong W. G. & Co. engineers, Els^vick 
Armstrong Wm. Geo. enginer ( W. G. Arms- 
strong & Co.); ho. Jesmond-deau 
Arnett Jane, dressmaker, 68, Y^estgate-st 
Arnot & Smith, joiners, cabinet makers, &c. 

92, Percy-st, and Leazes-road 



228 



DIEECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Amot, James, joiner, &c. (Amot & Smitli); 

ho. 12, Wellington-terrace 
Arnott, Cannock, and Co. linen drapers, 

Grain ger-street 
Arnott, Jas, deputy town-clerk, Guildhall 
Arnott, John, superintendent of the New- 
castle & Gateshead Gasworks, Minden-st 
Arrowsmith, John, butcher. Cut-bank 
Arthur John, cooper, 18, Close ; ho. Friars-st 
Arthur, Robt. draper (M'Intyre & Ai'thur); 

ho. Marlborough-crescent 
Arundel Mrs. Isabella, 47, Leazes-terrace 
Ashton G. J. & Co. T^me Manure and Che- 
mical Works, Glasshouse-quay 
Aspdin, Ord & Co. Portland cement mfrs. 

Neville-street, and at Gateshead 
Aspchn Wm, cement mfr. (Aspdin, Ord & 

Co.); ho. StrawbeiTy-house-place 
Astrop C. J. butcher, Vs, New Market ; ho. 

Villa-place 
Astrop Js. paper stain. 25, Westmoreland-st 
Astrop W. G. pattern maker, Prospect-pl 
Atchison Andrew, bread and biscuit baker, 
9, Bridge-st. Gateshead, & 27, Quayside 
Atkin David, bootmaker, 7 & 14, Castle- 
garth-stairs ; ho. Eye-hill-street 
Atkin Elizabeth, dressmaker, 17, Spring- 
garden-terrace 
Atkin Mary, dressmaker, Gallow-gate 
Atkin Piichard, cowkeeper, Gallow-gate 
Atkin Piobert, prov. dealer, 60, Blackett-st. ; 

ho. Vine-lane 
Atkin R. T. vict. Eoyal Oak Inn, BailifiPgate 
Atldn Thos. bootmaker, 50, West Clayton st. 

and Castle Garth-stairs ; hc^. 6, Villa-pl 
Atkin Wm. builder, joiner, and house car- 
penter, Oystershell Hall 
Atkin Wm. printer and bookseller, 62, 

Quayside; ho. East Parade 
Atkins Wm. Henry, vict. Ducroio Inn, 9, 

Shakspere-street 
Atkinson, Ann, grocer, 17, High Friar-st 
Atkinson Catherine, butcher, 41, Els wick 

East-terrace 
Atkinson Edward Buchan, vict. Buhe of 

Wellington Inn, Carliol-square 
Atkinson Edward Buchan, oyster dealer, 

Shakspere-street 
Atkinson Ehzabeth, lodgings, Carliol-st 
Atkinson George Clayton, iron merchant 

(Bulmer & Co.); ho. West Denton 
Atkinson Henry, dyer, 26, Newgate-st 
Atkinson James, merchant, 20, Sandhill; 

ho. 12, Claremont-place 
Atkinson John, beerhouse, 47, Blandford-st 
Atkinson John, house agent, 1, Tindal-st. 
Arthur' s-hill 



Atkinson John, coachmaker (Atkinson & 

Philipson); ho. New-biggin 
Atkinson John B. butcher, 148, New Mkt. ; 

ho. 24, Nelson-street 
Atkinson Joseph, plumber, 3 & 4, High 

Friar- street 
Atkinson & Philipson, coachmakers, 93, 

Pilgrim-street 
Atkinson Margaret, vict. Queen's Head Inn, 

Byker-bar 
Atkinson Martha, milliner, Albert-place, 

ShieldSeld 
Atkinson Mary, vict. Joiners' Arms Inn, 28, 

Percy-street 
Atkinson Richard grocer, ( Marshall & Atkin- 
son.); ho. Shield-street 
Atkinson Robt. grindstone mfr. 16^, Quay- 
side ; ho. High Felling 
Atkinson Robt. hosier, 72, West Clayton-st ; 

ho. 1, Mary-street 
Atkinson Sarah, shopkeeper, Monk-st 
Atkinson Mrs. Sarah, Albert-pl. Shieldfield 
Atkinson Thomas, cheesemonger, 7, Bigg 

Market, and Angus-ct. ; ho. Blackett-st 
Atkinson Thomas, bootmaker, 6, Villa-pl 
Atkinson Thomas, coalfitter, 24, Quay; ho. 

15, Molendine-teirace, Gateshead 
Atkinson Thomas, grocer, 5, Pitt-street 
Atkinson Wm. comm. traveller, Albert-pl. 

Shieldfield 
Atkinson Wm. Hy. tailor, 12, Pandon-bank 
Atkinson William, bootmaker. Duke-street 
Atkinson Wm. hairdresser, 6, Nun-st. ; ho. 

Shakspere-street 
Auckland George Wellesley, hairdresser, 3, 

Bridge end ; ho. 20, Pitt-street 
Auld Wm. Henderson, hatter, 34, Mosley-st; 

ho. 39, Carliol-street 
Austin Joseph, herbalist, Low Bridge 
Austin Thomas, architect, Mosley-st.; ho. 

9, St. Mary's-place 
Averey John, provision dealer, Canada-st 
Aydon Ehzabeth, gro. (Aydon. & Ferguson) 

ho. 26, Shieldfield-green 
Aydon Jane and Deborah, lodgings, 41, 

Blackett-street 
Aydon & Ferguson, grocers, 114, Side 
Aydon John, grocer (Ainsley & Aydon); ho. 

3, York- street 
Aynsley Ann, prov. dealer. West Pitt-st 
Aynsley Joseph, \'ict. Battery Inn, Forth-st 
Ayre Jon. vict. Golden Lion Inn 7, Broad-ch 
Ayre Robert, hairdresser, Sandgate 
Ayton I. & Sons, corn factors, &-c. 36, 

Sandhill 
Ayton John Featherstone, com factor (I. 

Ayton & Sons); ho. 4, Saville-place 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Q29 



BAAS Elizabeth, register office for servants, 

42, Northumberland-st 
Bachus Eichard, stationer, 108, Percy-st 
Bagley Cath. dressmaker, Mansfield-st 
Bagnall Joshua, oyster dealer, 6, Nun-st 
Bagnall Kobert, Sandgate 
Bagshaw John, china figure manufacturer, 

Ouseburn Pottery, Cut-bank 
Bailes & Galloway, curriers, 151, Pilgrim-st 
Bailes Elizabeth, prov. dealer, New-road 
Bailes John, currier (Baihes & Galloway), 

ho. 152, Pilgrim-street 
Bailes John & Co. curriers, 1, Bigg Market 
Bailes Jos. leather cutter, &c. 2, Union-st; 

ho. Cox Lodge 
Bailes Michael, vict. Sun Inn, Gibson-st 
Bailes Wm. com. traveller, 53, Blackett-st 
Bailey George, plumber, 21, Westgate ; ho. 

30, Cumberland-row 
Bailey Joseph, bookseller, 49, West Clay- 
ton-street ; ho. 2, Spring Garden-lane 
Bailey Mary, dressmaker. West Hinde-st 
Bailey Mary Ann, milliner, 49, West Clay- 

ton-st. ; ho. 2, Spring Garden-lane 
Bailey Samuel, watchmaker, 52, Quay; 

ho. Oxford-street 
Bain Andrew Foggin, baker, 8, Spring- 
garden-lane 
Bain Thos. basket maker, Painter-heugh ; 

ho. 170, Pilgrim -street 
Bainbridge Bartholomew, tailor. Cut-bank 
Bainbridge & Co. drapers, &c. 11 and 12, 

Market- street 
Bainbridge Emerson Muschamp, draper 

(Bainbridge & Co.); ho. 12, North-terrace 
Bainbridge John, smith, Head of Love-lane, 

Quay 
Bainbridge Wm. engineer, Spital Tongues 
Bainbridge Wm. barrister, Westgate-st; 

ho. Wallsend 
Bainbridge, Mrs. Elizabeth, 13, Westmore- 
land-street 
Bains Alex, oyster dealer. High Bridge 
Bains Eobert, butcher, Tyne-st 
Baird T. vict. Neio Hawk Inn, Byker Bank 
Baird Thos. D.Cooper, 88, Pilgrim-st; ho. 

3, Chatham-place, and 37, Bigg Market 
Baker Ann, green grocer, 224, New Market ; 

ho. Marshall's-court 
Baker Benjamin, accountant, 8, Yorke-st. 
Baker Geo. archi. and surveyor, Diana-st. 
Baker George Wm. foreman at tannery. 

Low Friar-street 
Baker Henry, eating ho. 44, Bigg Market 
Baker Jas. chimney swp. B. Trafalgar-st 
Baker John S. pork butcher, 5, Deau-st 

and 167, New Market 



Baker James, builder, 51, Howard- street 
Baker Thos., official assignee in Bankrptcy. 

court ; ho. 7, Carlton-place 
Baker Wm. Gair, brewer, 8. LowFriar-st 
Ball Ann, dressmaker, 44, Blakett-street 
Balls Thomas Patterson, flour dealer, 31, 

Bigg Market ; ho. 24, Newgate-street 
Balmbra John, vict. Wheat Sheaf Inn, Cloth 

Market 
Balmer Adam, cabinet mkr., 15, Princess-st 
Balmer Alex, boot and shoemaker, West 

Blandford-street 
Balmer Geo. tailor, 38, High-bridge 
Bambrough Matthew, file nianfr., 37, Bigg 

Market ; & provision dlr. 105, Clayton-st 
Bamling George, vict. Hodgson's Arms InUy 

Oak's-place, Seam-street 
Banks Jno. vict. Burnt House Inn, 29, Side 
Banks Martha, tailor, 76, Northumblnd-st 
Banks Eev. Eobt. (Baptist) 8, Leazes-cr 
Banks Eobert, tailor, Trafalgar-street 
Banks Eobert, tailor, Waterloo-street 
Baptist Cath. funerl. furnishr. 4, Darn-crook 
Barber Daniel, shopkeeper. High Pitt-st 
Barber Wm. Eichard, vict. Gardener's Arms 

Inn, Nelson-street 
Bargate Geo. tanner, (G. Bargate & Co.); 

ho. 3, St. James' -street 
Bargate George & Co. tanners, Darn-crook 
Barkas Matthew, bootmaker, Byker 
Barkas Eichd. news agent, 108, Percy-st 
Barkas Eobert, H.M.C , 69, Newgate-street 
Barkas Thomas Pallister, bookseller, 26, 

Grainger-street ; ho. 3, Lovaine-place 
Barkas T. P. & W. printers, 16, High 

Friar- street 
Barkas Wm. printer, (T. P. & W. Barkas); 

ho. Lancaster-street 
Barkas Wm. carver & gilder 40, Grainger-st; 

ho. 7, Northumberland-court 
Barker Charles Fiott, historical and porfrait 

painter, Brandhng-place 
Barker George, butcher, 5, New Market ; 

ho. Hood-street, Sandyford-lane 
Barker George Carr, ironmonger (Barker & 

Thompson) ; ho. Shieldfield 
Barker Jas. builder, 1, Camden-street and 

at Barker- street 
Barker James, builder, 51, Howard-street 
Barker John, joiner, cabinet maker, and 

upholsterer, 20, Yine-lane ; ho. Pawton 

Dean terrace, Shieldfield 
Barker John, merchant. Three Indian 

Kings'-ct. ; ho. 5, Airey-terrace, Bensham 
Barker Mr. Joseph, 4, Wellington-terrace 
Barker Thomas, general merchant, 13, 

Leazes-crescent 



230 



DIEECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Barker & Thompson, ironmongers, 24, 

Cloth Market 
Barkus John, coal fitter, 19, Quay 
Barlow John, manager of Corporation Baths, 

New-road 
Barlow Jos, bookseller, &c. 28, Grainger-st 

and 1, Nelson-street 
Barlow Wm. greengrocer, 192, NewMarket; 

ho. Prudhoe-street 
Barnasconi F. barometer maker, 20, High 

Bridge 
Barnes Eobt. colliery agnt. Shieldfield-green 
Barnes William, inland revenue ofiicer, 

York-street 
Barnett Henry, builder, and stone merchant 

Seam-street 
Barras Samuel & Co., brick manufacturers, 

office, 113, Side 
Barras Saml. brick manufacturer, (Barras 

&Co.); ho. Gateshead 
Barrett George, riding master, Bath-road 
Barron Anthony Forster, cabinet maker, 

Thornton-street, & 26, West Clayton-st 
Barron David, stone mason and builder, 

61, Elswick-street 
Barron F. lodging house, 11, St. John's-lane 
Barron Jane, vict. Cattle Market Inn, Forth- 

place 
Barron Joseph, draper (M. & J. Barron) ; 

ho. 68, Northumberland-street 
Barron Matthew & Jos. drapers, 24, Dean-st 
Barron Matthew, draper (M. & J. Barron); 

ho. 68, Northumberland-street 
Barron Sobt. butcher, 21, Westmoreland-st 
Barron Sarah, lodgings, 9, Blenheim-st 
Barron Thomas, butcher, 100, New Market; 

ho. Eldon-street 
Barrow Roger, gentleman, 1, Claremont-pl 
Barrox David, beerhouse, 15, High Bridge 
Bartlett C. & Co. scale-beam & weighing 

machine manufacturers, 16, Westgate-st 
Bartlett Chas. scale-beam, &c. manu-. (C, 

Bartlett & Co.) ; ho. Villa-place 
Bartlett William, provision dealer, Peel-st 
Barton Samuel, tailor, 37, Market street 
Barty Vv^iUiam, boot maker, 3, Elswick 

East-terrace 
Bateman Mary, mattress-maker, 190, Pil- 
grim-street 
Bates Ann, provision dlr. 47, Crescent place 
Bates George, herd.'-Ponteland-road 
Bates James, provision dealer, 50, Percy-st 
Bates N. hat maker, Forth-banks 
Bates Newman, hatter, St. Nicholas's 

Church-yard 
Bates Thos. hat manufacturer, St. Andrews' 

court, Pilgrim-street 



Bates J. Moore, surgeon, 17, Westgate-st 
Batey James, cabinet maker. Close ; ho. 40. 

Charles'-st, Gateshead 
Batey John, turner, 162, Pilgrim-street 
Batey Eobert, grocer, Dent's-hole 
Baty Robert, china, glass, and earthenware 

dealer, 60, West Clayton-street 
Baty John, flourdealer. 24, West Clayton-st; 

ho. 11, Temperance-row 
Baty Wm. vact. Golden Anchor Inn, Quay 
Bayes Watson, beer retailer. High Bridge-st 
Beardsmore Joseph, Eaihvay Arcade Hotel, 

Neville-st, (opposite the Central Station) 
Bearup Wm. vict. Sadlers' Well, IjOW Frjar-st 
Beat Elizabeth, grocer. Silver-street 
Boatman Mary, mattress-maker, Pilgrim-st 
Beaugo James, wine and spirit merchant, 

88, Blandford-street 
Beaumont Wm. gentleman 4, High Swin- 
burne-place 
Beck Edward, slate merchant, Gallow-gate; 

ho. 23, Villa-place 
Beckington Charles, solicitor, Lax's-court, 

Percy-street 
Beckington Mr. John, Ridley-villas 
Beckington Mr. J, Prospect-pl. Shield-field 
Beckington Mr. John, jun. gentleman, 3, 

Prospect-place, Shieldfield 
Beckwith Geo. W. merchant & ship-owner. 

Bridge-end; ho. Elswick-dean 
Beckwith Mrs. Mary 29, Eldon-street 
Beckwith Mrs. Ralph 4, Lovaine-row 
Beda Alwn Vv ilhelm, professor of languages 

2, Saville-row 

Bedlington CoAi Company's Office, 37, 
Quay-side — John Sliddleton, Agent 

Bedlington Ikon Company's Office, 26, 
Westgate-street 

Beldon George, jun. ship broker, 29, Quay; 
ho. 23, Ridley-place 

Bell Ann, lodgings, 40, Blackett-street 

Bell Anthony, provision and game dealer, 

3, Blackett-street 

Bell A. F. ship broker, 16, Quayside; ho. 

Ridley-viUas 
Bell Catharine, earthenware manufr. (T. 

Fell & Co.) ; ho. Picton-pla^e 
Bell Davison, miller, Pandon-dean; ho. 

LoTaine-terrace 
Bell Dinah, (Selkirk & Bell); ho. 2, Stowell st 
Bell & Dixon, coal-owers, 28, Quay 
Bell Edward, provision dealer, 38, Bigg- 
market; ho. Wreckenton 
Bell Geo. school master (Bell & Malcom); 

ho. Trafalgar-street 
Bell Geo. agent. 111, Blenheim-street 
Bell Geo. gentleman, 115, Blenheim-street 



DIEECTOKY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



231 



Bell Geo. builder, Fenkle-st ; ho. 22, Shield- 
field green 
Bell Geo. butcher, 175, New Market ; ho. 

Low Friar-street 
Bell Geo. lead & mine surv. ill,Blenheim-st 
Bell Rev. Geo. (Presbyter), 3, Brandling-pl 
Bell G. spirit merchant, 2, Cumberland-row 
Bell Geo. cheesemonger, 6, Bridge-end 
Bell Henry, merchant, (Losh, Wilson, & 

Bell); ho. 1, Picton place 
Bell Heuiy, tailor, 2, Bell's-court 
Bell Henry, wine & spirit mrcht. St. John's 
lane; ho. 1, Angus s-court. Bigg Market 
Bell Isaac, agent, 8, St. Ann's- row 
Bell Isaac Lowthian, (V\'ashington Chemical 

Co.); ho. Washington 
Bell J. & M. confectioners, 72, Pilgrim-st 
Bell Jacob, vict. Farmers' Best In7i, 51, 

Percy-street 
Bell J. smith (BeU & Turnbull) ; ho. Wind- 
mill-hills, Gateshead 
Bell Miss Jane, Elswick West-terrace 
Bell Mrs. Jane, 15, Brandling-place 
Bell Jonathan, draper, 4, Cottenham-st 
Bell John, butcher, 7, Buckingham-street 
Bell John, hair dresser, Fenkle-street 
Bell J. butcher, 104, New Market; ho. Friar-st 
Bell John, butcher, 2, William-street 
Bell John, draper, &c. 3C, Gibson-street 
Bell John, gentleman, 2, Nixon street 
Bell John, provision dealer, 30, Groat Mkt 
Bell John, smith, Nelson-st. North-shore 
Bell John, shoe maker, Westgate-hill 
Bell John Wm. confectioner; ho. 40, North- 
umberland-street 
Bell John Thomas. W., C.E. and surveyor, 

1, Higham-place 
Bell Joseph, chemist, &c. (Joseph Bell & 

Co.) ; ho. 133, Pilgrim-street. 
Bell Joseph & Co. chemists and druggists, 

23, Nun's-gate, Bigg Market 
Bell Joseph, dairyman, Nixon's-pl. Percy-st. 
Bell Joseph H. m. mar. 89, Blandford-st. 
Bell and Malcolm, academy, Trafalgar-st. 
Bell Bliss Margaret, 8, Summerhill-terrace 
Bell Martha, grocer, Tyne-street 
Bell Martin, brewer, 24, Pilgrim-street ; ho. 

Northumberland-street 
Bell Mary, confectioner, (J. &M. Bell) ; ho. 

72, Pilgrim-street 
Bell Mary, furniture broker, 191, Pilgrim-st 
Bell Octavius, solicitor, 57, Westgate-street; 

ho. East-parade 
Bell Mrs. Mary, 16, John-street 
Bell Mary Ann, confectioner, 51, Grey-st 
Bell Maria J. lodgings, IG, St. Jaraes'- 
street 



Bell Eobert. vict. Black Bull Inn, 4 & C, 

Waterloo street 
Bell Robert, shoemaker, 17, Cloth Market 
Bell R. grocer, 51, Dean-st; ho. 34,Eldon-st 
Bell Robert & Co. grocers 64, Grainger-st. ; 

ho. 5, Ridley -villas 
Bell Robert, seedsman, &c. 22, Sandhill ; 

ho. 5, Ridley-villas 
Bell Robert Paxtou, Crown Temperance 

Hotel, 7, Grey-st 
Bell Septimus, land surveyor, (T. Bell & 

Sons); ho. 16, Cumberland-row 
Bell Thomas, beerhouse. Railway-street 
Bell Thomas, merch. (Losh, Wilson &Bell); 

ho. Gloucester House, North Elswick 
Bell Thomas & Sons, land surveyors, 26, 

Groat Market 
Bell Thomas, land surveyor, (T. Bell & 

Sons); ho. 16, Cumberland-row 
Bell Thomas, provision dealer, 1, Marl- 
borough-crescent 
Bell Thomas, com. traveller, 7, Darn-crook 
BellThomas, vict. Black Bull Inn, Westgate 
BeU T. G. land surveyor, (T.Bell& Sons); 

ho. Bellevue House, Gateshead Fell 
Bell & Turnbull, smiths. Postern 
Bell William, boot maker, 9, Gallow-gate 
Bell William, currier, 28, High Bridge ; ho. 

22, Mansfield-street 
Bell William, provision dealer, Seam-st 
Bell William, chemist and grocer, 150, 

Pilgrim-st.; ho. 28, Cumberland-road 
Bell William, gentleman, Steavenson-place 
Bell William M. provision dealer, Jesmond 

Vale 
Bell William, scale-beam, &c. manufr. (C. 

Bartlett & Co.); ho. 8, Villa-place 
Bell William, master mariner, 8, Villa-place 
Bell Wilham John, agent, 2, Westgate-hill 
Bells, Robson & Co. brewers. New-quay 
Bellerby John, cabinet mkr. Back George-st 
Bellerby Thomas, vict. William IV. Inn, 3, 

BelPs-court 
Bellwood John, beerhouse. Spring-street 
Belt Robert, merchant. Wall-knoll ; ho. 

Winlaton 
Bennet John, beerhouse & provision dealer, 

Wellington-street 
Bennett & Co. furriers, 21, Grey-street; ho. 

27, Westmoreland-terrace 
Bennett John, confectioner, 103, Percy-st 
Bennett William, beer retailer, St. Anthony's 
Bennett John, grocer, Hill-street 
Benson J. & Co. grocers, 16, Mai"ket-st 
Benson Jno. sharebroker f J. Benson & Co.) ; 

ho. 1, Lovaine-terrace 
Benson HenryW.com. agt. Copland-teiTaee 



Q33 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TrKE, 



Benson Mary, bonnet maker, 186,Pilgrim-st 
Benson Michael, printer, 8, Dean-st; ho. 

18, St. Nicholas's Church-yard 
Berkley Wm. maltster, Hornsby's-chare 
Berry John, poulterer, 19, Nun-st. 
Bertham Alex, cheesemonger, 12, Union-st 
Bertham Charles, commission agent, 71, 

Quay ; ho. 10 West-street, Gateshead 
Best John, druggist, Ponteland-terrace 
Best Andrew, tailor, George-street 
Best John, tailor, 13, Terrace-place 
Best Edwd. yict. Butehefs Arms Inn, Water- 
loo-street 
Best Jane Elizabeth, milliner, H. Villa-pl 
Beveridge John, academy, West-walls 
Beveridge T. \\cl. Highlander Inn, Pandon 
Berwick Alexander & Co. ale and porter 

merchants, 6 Market-street 
Bewick Calverley, gentleman, 33, Market-st 
Bewick Kobert, grocer, 116, Blenheim-st 
Bews Thomas, tailor, 90, West Clayton-st 
Bezelly Thomas, grocer, 57, Gibson-st 
Bianchi Ambrose, looking-glass andpictm'e 

frame maker, 24, High-bridge 
Bianchi Chas. umbrella mkr. 114,Pilgrim-st 
Bianchi Chas. boot maker, 25, High-bridge 
Bianchi Mrs. Isabella, register office for 

servants, 114, Pilgrim-street 
Bianchi John,delr.in old clothes Denton-ch 
Bigge Matthew Kobert, director of the Dis- 
trict Bank ; ho. Fenham Hall 
Bigger Benjamin, provision merchant, 23, 

Close ; ho. Deckham Hall, Gateshead 
Bilton Edward and Co. mrchts. 42, Sandhill 
Bilton Ed. merchant (E. Bilton & Co.); ho. 

Westate-hill 
Bilton Francis, livery stable keeper ( KabeiTy 
& Bilton) ; ho. 7, Northumberland-place 
Binks Annie, dressmaker, Argyle-street 
Binks & Black, hosiers, (fee. Head of the Side 
BinnsStpn.blackg maker; ho. 16, Nun-st 
Binns Thos. musicseller, 20, Nelson -sti^eet 
Binns Thos. fishmonger, 2, Hinde street 
Binney Wm. vict. Weavers' Arms Inn, New 

Pandon 
Bird Wm. and Co. iron and tinplate mrchts. 

43, Quay 
Bird Wm. iron and tin plate merchant (W. 

Bii^d & Co.); ho. Chirton-hill 
Birkett Jno. bookbinder, 5, Oyster-shell-lne 
Birkett Mrs. Susan, 9, Lovaine-crescent 
Birkinshaw G. P. coalfitter, 62, Quay; ho. 

St, Thomas's place 
Birkinshaw Wm. commis. agent, 38, Broad- 
chare; ho. Windmill -hills, Gateshead 
Birley George, surgeon, 3, Kichmond-st 
Black Margt. dressmaker, 12, Terrace-place 



Black Jas. & Co. tea and coffee merchants, 

94, Side 
Black Jos. E. L. tea mercht. (J, Black & 

Co.); ho. 10. Yilla-place 
Black Mary, oysterseUer, 33, Blackett-st. ; 

ho. 5, Leazes-lane 
Black Wm. hairdresser, Carliol-square 
Blackbird & Hunters, shipbrokers, 29, Quay 
Blackett Mrs. Alice, 18, Simpson-street 
Blackett Frances, cowkeeper. Back lane 
Blackett Mrs. Jane, 31, Eye-hill 
Blackett Jno. leadmanufr. (Locke, Blackett 

& Co.) ; ho. Benridge 
Blackett John, agent, Chimney-mills 
Blackett Ralph, agent, 34, Mansfield-street 
Blackett Wm. agent, 5, St. Thomas's-crecnt 
Blackett Wm. Fenwick (Locke, Blackett & 

Co.) ; ho. Newton Hall 
Blacklock & Hall, fire-brick manufacturers, 

Bell's-close 
Blacklock John, beer retailer and smith, 

Elswick East-terrace, 
Blacklock John, provsn. dealer, Gosforth-st 
Blacklock Jo-sepk, solicitor, 62, Grey- street; 

ho. 64, Percy-street 
Blacklock Wm. beerhouse, Gallow-gate 
Blackwell B. Brunton, baristr. 1, Spital-pl 
Blackwell John & Co. proprietors of the 

" Courant," 54, Pilgiim-street 
Blackwell John (J. Blackwell & Co. & 

Fletcher, Falconar& Co.); ho. 14, Ellison- 
place 
Blagburn Robert, butcher, 17, Quay ; ho. 

6, Regent-terrace 
Blagburn Robert, auctioneer. Three Indian 

Kings' Inn, Three Indian Kings'-court, 

Quay. 
Blagburn Thomas, engraver and printer, 

22, Mosley-st; ho. Swinburn-place 
Blagburn Wm. butcher, 160, New Market, 

and 1, Westgate-hill terrace 
Blaicklock Wm. beerhouse, 4, Gallow-gate 
Blaiklock Thomas, proAision dealer, Back 

Els wick-street 
Blair George, tailor, 4, Hedley-place 
Blakey Cath. dlr. in sunds. Painter-heugh 
Blakey Mary, lodgings, 7, Prudhoe-street 
Blakey James, butcher, Trafalgar-street; 

ho. Wesley-street 
Blakey John, bootmaker. Side 
Blakey Louisa, laundress. 36, Carlton st 
Blakey Michael, vict. Adelaide Hotel, 16, 

Nev/gate- street 
Blakey Robert, gentleman, Yine-lane 
Blakey William, pro\ision dealer, Manor-st 
Bland Wm. eating house, 14, Butcher-bank 
Blaydon Chemical Co. 20, Sandhill 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



233 



Blanev Arthur, grocer, 53, Grainger-st ; ho. 

25, Eve-hill 
Bleazly Kobert W., M.D. and surgeon, 63, 

Northumberland-st 
Blenkinsop Michael, 47, Westmoreland- 

ter. and 13, Market ; ho. 22, Newgate-st 
Blenkinsop Michael, junr. butcher, 153, 

Market; ho. Howai'd-st 
Blenkinsop Thomas, cooper, 24, Union-st ; 

ho. 12, Westmoreland-street 
Blenkinsop Wm. butcher, 138, Market; ho. 

Strawbeny-place 
Blower J. Graig Watson, chimney sweeper, 

4, G-allow-gate 
Blower Wm. chimney sweeper, Gallow-gate 
Blythand Tyne Railway Office, Market • 

street; E. Nicholson, C.E. Manager 
Blyth Joseph, whip manfr. 7, Newgate-st 
Boag Ambrose, agent, Saville-row 
Boag Mrs. Jane, select register ofl&ce for 

servants, Saville row 
Boag Thomas, secretary to the Trade Pro- 
tection Society, 11, Union-street 
Boag Wm. bill distributor. Manors 
Boag G. marine storekeeper, Fenkle-street 
Boden Samuel, butcher, 6, New Market ; 

ho. 7, Bayley-street 
Body Mr. B. T. 5, Adelaide-terrace 
Boe Geo. C. haberdasher, Eavens worth- ter 
Boe Wm. bootmaker, 59, Westgate-st; ho. 

Ravensworth Cottage, Westgate 
Bolam George, baker, 27, High Friar-st 
Bolam Geo. land agnt. 2, Low Swinburne-pl 
Bolam Mary Ann, furniture broker, 1 & 2, 

Pilgrim-street 
Bolam Wihiam, land agent, Fenkle-st; ho. 

Benwell 
Boldemann, Bonies & Co. mrchts, 5, Quay 
Boldemann F. mercht. (Bolderman Borries 

& Co. ) ; ho. 9, St. Mary's-terrace 
Boldon Elizabeth, vict. Queen Victoria Inn, 

Sunderland-street, Blenheim-street 
Bolton Ehzabeth, shopkeeper, Stockbridge 
Bolton George, solicitor, 45, Westgate-st 
Bolton G. F. grocer, 13, Quay ; ho. Scragg 

House, Walker 
Bolton Margaret, shopkeeper, Byker-bank 
Bone Jamieson, hbrdshr. 94, W. Clayton-st 
Bones Francis, bailiflf, 40, Villa-place 
Boorn Don Eenato, Spanish consul, 43, 

Sandhill 
Booth Mrs. Leazes-lane 
Booth Thomas, dealer in marine stores, 

Sandgate 
Bootiman John, prov. dealer, 20, Close 
Bordon Cuthbert, cbnt. mfr. 13, High Bridge 
Bordon Wm. W. esq. 47, Westgate-st 



Borries, Chr. jun. vice-consl. for Denmark, 

&c. 77, Quayside 
Borries Theo. mercht. (Boldemann, Borries 

& Co.) ; ho. 5, Huntingdon-pl. Tynemouth 
Bostle George, printer. Lime -street 
Bostle William, provision dealer, Lime-st 
Bostle Wm & Son, printers, 61, Grey-st ; 

ho. Lime- street 
Boston & Co. watch glass manufacturers, 

40, Groat Market 
Boston Elijah, watch glass mfr. (Boston & 

Co.) ; ho. 8, Lisle-street 
Boston Ed. bootmkr. 15, Northumberland-st 
Boston Ebt. hardwareman, 69, Percy-st 
Bourn & Co. iron merchants, Stockbridge 
Bourn Geo. & Co. nail and chain mfs. &c. 

Stockbridge, and at Winlaton 
Bourn Thos. W. iron merchant (Bourn & 

Co.) ; ho. 17, Elswick-villas 
Bourne Hy. milliner and bonnet manufac- 
turer and warehouseman, 21, Grainger-st 
Bourne Thomas, coal fitter, 39, Quay ; ho. 

5, Eegent-terrace 
Boustield J. vict. Cricket Club Inn, Bath-rd 
Bowes John & Partners, coalowners, 12, 

Quay 
Bowes Wm. prov. dealer, 28, Newgate-st 
Bowmaker Jas. vict. Admiral Duncan Inn, 

8, Cowgate 
Bowmaker James, tailor, 53, Wt. Clayton-st 
Bowmaker Nich. F. tailor, 82, Blenheim -st 
Bowman Edmund, C.E. 48, Westgate-st.; 

ho. 11, Saville-court 
Bowman Hen. pawnbroker, 17, Low Friar-st 
Bowman Jane, milliner, 133, Pilgrim-st 
Bowman John, prov. dealer. Shield street 
Bowman Eobt. S. (Washington Chemical 

Co.) ; ho. 11, Victoria-terrace 
Bowman William, agent, Wesley-st 
Bowman Wm. printer, ho. 3, Stowell st 
Bownas George solicitor, 8, Sandhill; ho. 

Summer-hill 
Bowness John, prov. dealer, 42, Newgate-st 
Bowring Wm. vict. Old Queen's Head Inn, 

158, Pilgrim- street 
Boyd Mrs. Ehzabeth, 31, John-street 
Boyd Geo. leather merchant, ifc currier. Side; 

ho. 12, West-street, Gateshead 
Boyd John, dlr in old sunds. Denton-chare ; 

ho. York-street, Shieldfield 
Boyd Eobert, butcher, 18, Hinde-st West 
Boyd William, gentleman, 3, George-street 
Boyd Wm. surgeon, 5, Marlborougli-cresnt 
Boyle William, \\ci.Anclior Inn, Sandgate 
Boys Anu, prov. dealer, 130, Pilgrim-st 
Bracken David, bootmaker; ho. York-st 
Bracken John, bootmaker, 6, William-st 
2 



S34 



DIRECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Bradburn John, dyer, 16, Clayton-st. West; 

ho. 12, George st 
Bradley Francis, bank cleric, 9, Lovaine-ter 
Bradley George, printer, &c. (jMacliver & 

Bradley), ho. 68, Westmoreland-terrace 
Bradley Mrs. Jane, 9, Lovaine-terrace 
Sradshaw & Anderson, merchant's, Fen- 

wick's-entry. Quay 
BradshawBenj. Calhoun mcrcht. (Bradshaw 

& Anderson); ho. Ravens\yorth -terrace 
Brady Mrs. Ehzabeth, 23, Oxford-st 
Bragg Charles & Co. drapers, &q. 55, 

Pilgrim-sti'eet 
Bragg Chaiies, draper (C. Bragg & Co.) ; ho. 

Lintz-green 
Bragg H. smith, 15, Wellington-ten-ace 
Braid Robert, yict. Northumberland Anns 

Inn, Heron-street 
Bramwell W^m. pwnbroker. Folly, New-quay 
Brand & Howatson, drapers, 8, Brunswick-pl 
Brand Jas. marine store dlr. 4, Gallow-gate 
Brandling Miss Mary, 15, Eidley-place 
Brandling W. & Co. merchants. Three In- 
dian Kings'- court. Quayside 
Brandling W^ ship-broker (W. Brandhng & 

Co.) ; ho. 7, Eidley-place 
Brandling Wm. & Go. siiipbrokers. Three 

Indian Kings'-court, Quayside 
Brankston Mr. Archibald, Regent-teiTace 
Brankston Geo. butcher, 73, New Market ; 

ho. Sherwood's-court, Bigg Market 
Brankston Ed. gentleman, 16, Eegent-terr 
Br-ankston Thos. merchant, 16, Eegent-terr 
Bratt Eobt. & Co. shipbkrs, 35, Broad -cbare 
Breach Benjamin, hotel keeper, (Breach & 

Jetfrey), ho. County Hotel, Carlisle 
Breach and Jefirey, Central Station Hotel 
Brearcliffe Jas. draper, 11, Westmoreland-st 
Breen John, master mariner, Argyll-place 
Brennan Cbarles, bookseller, Trafalgar-st 
BrennanHugh, bookseller, -40, Grainger-st.; 

ho. 2, St. Martin's-court 
Brennan Thos. tailor, Pilgrim-street 
Erewis Edwd. cart proprietor, Gallow-gate 
Brewis Geo. sohcitor, 21, Grey-sti-eet; ho. 

Bensham 
Brewis John, grocer, Airey terrace, Bensham 
Brems John, pork butcher, 21, Sandhill; 

ho. Prudhoe-street 
Bre^vis John, cart proprietor, 5, Stowell-st 
Brewis John, grocer, 41, Groat Market ; ho. 

16, Stepney-terrace 
Brewis John, teacher. All Saints' School, 

Manor-square 
Brewis John, smith, New-road; ho. Brand- 
ling-place 
Brewis Peter, baker, Stockbridge 



Brewis Joseph, beerhouse, 4, Edward-street, 

Arthur's Hill 
Brewis Eobt. dealer in sundries, New-road 
Brewis E. vict. Wheat Sheaf Inn, Gallowgate 
Brewis Sa.Tah,\ict. Shieldfield Inn, Shield-st 
Brewis Thomas, baker, Sandgate 
Brewis Wm. cart proprietor, 16, Stepney-ter 
Bridon Mai^g. fruiterer, 5, Northumberld-st 
Briggs Mrs. Eleanor, F. 4, Lovaine-terrace 
Briggs Eebecca, school, 18, Marlbro'-street 
Briggs W. J. ship broker, Fenwick-entry ; 

ho. Lovaine-terrace 
Bright Thomas grocer, St. Peter's 
Brightwen Charles, grocer. Grey-street; ho. 

14, West parade 
British Telegraph Co^ipaky, 10, Sandhill 
Brignal J. Anthony, auctioneer, 1, Sandhill 
Brittain Samuel, plumber, brass founder, & 

gas-fitter, Bird & Bush Yard, Pilgrim-st ; 

ho. 15, Villa-place 
Brockbank Elizabeth, schoolmistress, St. 

Nicholas's National School, Castle-garth 
Brockbank John, master teacher of the 

Clergy School ; ho. Carliol-square 
Britton Fanny, lodgings, 96, Blenheim-st 
Broadhead Ehzabeth, baby-linen warehouse, 

135, Pilgrim-street 
Brockett Mrs. Isabella 14, Albion-place 
Brockett Mrs. Jane, 6, St. Mary's-place 
Brockett William Edward, sohcitor, 50, 

Dean-street ; ho. Whickham 
Brockett Wm. Henry, arbitrator, average- 
stater, &c, 29, Sandhill; ho. 5, Catharine st, 

Gateshead 
Brodie John, vict. Turk's Head Inn, 25, 

Grey-street 
Brodie Nathaniel McNeil, master manner 

3, Copeland-place 
Brooks Edwin, hat manufacturer, 2, Nun-st 
Brooks William Alexander, river engineer, 

Guildhall ; ho. 5, Elswick villas 
Broom Eev. Andrew, Wesley-street 
Broomfield John, marble mason, 12, Fleece- 
court, Gallow-gate 
Brough Charles, auctioneer, &c. 52, Blackett 

street ; ho. 65, Eldon-street 
Browell Edmund J. professor of chemistry, 

(Eichardson & Browell) ; ho.EastBoldon 
Brown Eev. Andrew, Wesley-st. Shieldtield 
Brown Ann, vict. Woolpack Inn, Marlbro'- 

cresent 
Brown Mrs. Ann, 31, Prudhoe-street 
Brown Ann, umbrella makr. 4, Mosley-st 
Brown Archibald, butcher, 20, Upper Bux- 

ton-st., and 69, New Market 
Brown Edward, prov. dealer. 23, Edward-st 
Brown E. & G. school, 14, Clayton-st. West 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Q35 



Brt)wn Catheiine, milliner, Park-place 
Brown Cnth. vict. and brewer, Robin Hood 

Inn, 74, Close 
Brown Elienor, confectioner, 66, Blackett-st. 
Brown Mrs. Elizabeth, 11, Picton-place 
Brown Elizabeth, lodg. 23, Sunderland-st 
Brown Enph. \ict. Bee Hive Inn, 'i'o,Yi\la--£l 
Brown George, brewer, 74, Close 
Brown George, ironfounder, (Wright and 

Brown) ; ho. Forth-street 
Brown George, fishmonger, Manor-street ; 

ho. Pilgrim-street 
Brown George, photographic artist, 35, 

Grainger-street 
Brown George, butcher 56, Quay ; ho. 2, 

Union-terrace 
Brown George, hosier, 45, Pilgrim-st ; ho. 

5, Elswick-court 
Brown George, prov, dlr. 24, Blenheim-st 
Brown Hannah, cowkeeper, Oak's-place 
Brown I. Hale, butcher, 127, New Market; 

ho. Westgate 
Brown Isabella, milliner, 33, Newgate-st 
Brown Jacob, chemist, 102, Pilgrim-st; ho. 

II, Picton-place 
Brown Jas. cab proprietor, 78, Blandford-st 
Brown James, agent, 4, Westgate-hill-ter 
Brown James, cooper, Broad-chare ; ho. 

19, Simpson-street 
Brown Jas. livery stables, 34, Lower Friar st 
Brown James, vict. Croicn and Thistle Inn, 

Buxton-street 
Brown John, marine-store dealer, Monk-st 
Brown John & Co. fruiterers, 22, Nun-st 
Brown John, soHcitor (Bell and Son); 

ho. 8, Ellison-place 
Brown John, cabnt. mkr. 18, Lower Friar-st 
Brovm John, Vict. Half Moon Inn, Swirle, 

North shore 
Brown John, provision dlr. E. Ballast-hills 

and Stepney-bank 
Brown John (Eichardson and Co.); ho. 

Hanover-street 
Brown John, blacksmith, 91, Percy-street ; 

ho. Prudhoe-x)lace 
Bro^Yn J. George, solicitor (Brown & Son) ; 

ho. 8, Ellison-place 
Brown John W. gentleman, 4, Summerhill 

place 
Brown John & Son, solicitors, 22, Side 
Brown Jolm, solicitor, secretary to the Free 

Burgesses, 22, Side 
Brown John George, solicitor, (J. Brown 

and Son); ho. 9, West parade 
Brown John Henr}', boot & shoemaker, 

112, Blaudford-street 
Brown John, master mariner, York-street 



Brown John H. junr. ship-broker, Rewcas- 

tle-chare ; ho. 8, Blandford- street 
Brown Eev. Joseph A. (Cathohc) 73, 

Pilgrim-street 
Brown Joseph, agent, 8, Blenheim-street 
Brown Joseph, butcher, Westgate 
Brown Joseph, draper, 16, Grey-street 
Brown Jos. flour dler. 47, West Clayton-st ; 

ho. 4, St. Cuthbert's terrace, Gateshead 
Brown Luke, miller, shop — Westgate ; mill 

at Heaton 
Brown Margaret, prov. delr. 5, Prudhoe st 
Brown Martha, lodgings, Carliol-street 
Brown Matthew, prov. dlr. St. Nicliolas'ssq 
Bi"own Michael, provision delr. Shield-street 
Brown Misses, ladies' seminary, 14, West 

Clayton-street 
Brown Ralph, banker (W. H. Lambton & 

Co.) ; ho. 8, Eldon-square 
Brown Rebecca, eating house, 234, New- 
Market ; ho. 10, Duke-street 
Brown Robert, lace mart, 9, Moslev-street 
Brown R. miller, 64, Close ; ho. 24", Ryehill 
Brovrn Robert, provision dealer, Lawson-st 
Brown Robt. Bolton, hatter, 50, Grainger-st ; 

ho. 22, AYestmoreland-terrace 
Brov/n & Son, solicitors, 22, Side 
Brown & Son, hair seating manufacturers, 

Clavering-place 
Brown Thomas, agent, 46, Blackett-st 
Brown Thomas, butcher, 28, Market; ho. 

46, Blackett-street 
Brown Thos. cart proptr. 3, Wellington-st 
Brown Thos. fishmonger, 64, Blackett-st 
Brown Thos. flour dealer, 47, W. Clayton st; 

ho. 3, St. Cuthbert's-terrace, Gateshead 
Brown Thos, gentleman, 2, Nelson-st. East 
Brown Thos. joiner, &c. head of Love-lane ; 

ho. 34, Stowell-street 
Brown Thos. tanner and currier, Crown yd 

Westgate ; ho. 3, Bath-row 
Brown Thos. & Son, wire workers, 35, 

Percy-street 
Brown Wm. architect, 70, Grey-street ; ho. 

Nixon-street 
Brown Wm. chemist, Ouseburn Bridge 
Brown Wm. flour dealer, 43 Newgate-street, 

and at Heaton-mill ; ho. Heaton-mill 
Brown William, vict* Royal Turf Hotel, 36, 

Collingwood-street ; ho. Kenton Lodge 
BroAvn Wm. clerk, 33, Newgate-street 
Brown Wm. marine store dealer, St. Peter's 
Brown Wm. tailor, 17, Nun-street 
Brown Wm, trunk maker, 47, Grainger-st ; 

ho. 7, Camden-street 
Brown William David, vict. Greyhound Jnw, 

Dixon's Buildings 



236 



DTRECTOEt OV NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Brown Wm. baker, 69, Northumberland-st 
Browne Wm. J. solicitor, 48, Pilgrim-street ; 

ho. Brunswick-street, Gatesliead 
Brownhill John, bootmaker, Bnxton-street 
Browning Eev. Dav. C, A.M. 54, Leazes-tr 
Bruce David, m. mariner, Hewgill-terrace 
Bruce Rev. John Collingwood, academy, 80. 

Percy-street 
Bruce Mrs. 10, Kidley-place 
Brugger M. pork butcher, 26, Nun-street, 
and 112, New Market; ho. 92, Clayton-st 
Brumel Hawdon, gentleman, 42, Leazes-tr 
Brumel Geo. A. bank agent, 30, Eldon-st 
Brumwell John, joiner, 15, Side 
Brunting Amelia, glovr. &c. 34, Bigg Makt. 
Brunting Elizabeth Mrs. 52, Leazes-terrace 
Brusby Thomas, fishmonger, 85, Percy-st 
Brutnell Thomas, superintendent of Central 
Exchange Newsroom ; ho. Pontelaud-ter. 
Brydon James dairyman, Arthurs Hill 
Brydon Nicholas, cart prop rietr. Gallow-gate 
Bryson Thomas, town surveyor. Guild Hall 

and the Manors 

Buckeridge Piev. Richd. M.A. incumbent 

of St. Andrew's, 32, Northumberland-st 

Buchanan Jane, provision dealer, Monk-st 

Buckham Edward, butcbr. 14, New Market 

and Westgate; ho. 13, Blenheim-street 
Buckham Mrs. Elizabeth, Summer Hill 
Buckham & Grey, hosiers and shirt makers, 

51, Pilgrim-street and 49, Grey-street 
Buckham George, hosier, &c. (Buckham 

and Grey) ; ho. 14, York-street 
Buckham Jas. sailmaker (W. & J. Buck- 
ham) ; ho. New-road 
Buckham W. & J. sailmakers, 50, Quay 
Buckham Wm. sailmaker (W. & J. Buck- 
ham.) ; ho. Shieldfield 
Buckingham J, sail maker, 50, Quay Side 
Buckley Dennis, teacher, Pilgrim-street 
Buckley John, tailor, 3, Gallowgate 
Buckton Joseph, contractor, 24, Bayley-st 
Buddie George, shipowner, 16, Albion-place 
Buglass John, bootmaker, 38, Trafalgar-st 
Bulcraig Sarah, dressmaker, 22, Hedley-st 
Bulloch Mary, teacher, 14, Percy-street 
Bulloch Walter, cork cutter, 14, Percy-st 
Bulman Charlotte, clothes dealer, Dog-bk 
Bulman Darnell, physician, 10, Market-st 
Bulman F. W. cement and plaster mnfr. 

16, Sandhill 
Bulman Mrs. 25, Leazes terrace 
Bulman George, corn merchant. 29, Sand- 
hill ; ho. West-parade 
Bulman Mrs. Maxy, 5, Albion-place 
Bulman Mrs. Ann 9, Ellison-place 
Bulman James, smith. Back-lane 



Bulman John, magistrates' clerk. Police 

office, Manors ; ho. 16, Leazes terrace 
Bulman John, gentleman, 28, Eldon-street 
Bulman Thomas, mineral clerk. Mineral 
Audit Office, Central Station, Newcastle 
and Carhsle Railway; ho. Westmoreland- 
terrace 
Bulman William, coal fitter, 2, Nixon-street 

and at Quay 
Bulmer & Co. iron manfrs. 9, Bridge-end 
Buhner Charles, iron-manuf, (Bulmer & 

Co.) ; ho. SaltweU HaU, Gateshead 
Bulmer Thos. & Wm. \ict. Ordnance Arm's 

Inn, Gallow-gate. 
Buluraux Lewis, basket importer, 83, Side 
Bunn Robt. Thos. watch glass mnfr. 75, 
Grey-street ; ho. 5, Ravens worth-terrace 
Bunney Thomas, tailor, Castle-garth stairs 
Burdis Clement, vict. Lord Nelson Inn, 

Ballast-hills 
Burdis George, gentleman, 22, Eldon-place 
Burdis William, teacher, 16, Blandford-st 
Burden Cuthbert, cabinet maker, &c. 13, 

High-bridge 
Burden Henry, ironmonger, 108, Pilgrim- 
street ; ho. 9, Sandyford-place 
Burdon Robert & Co. earthenware man ufrs. 

Lime-street 
Burdon William, colliery owner, 4=7, West- 
gate-street 
Burgess Miss Isabella, Shield-street 
Burgoin Alfred, saw maker. Fighting Cock's 
yard. Bigg Market; ho, Yietoria-place, 
Westgate-street 
Burkitt George, grocer, &c. Ballast-hills, 

East 
Burn and Mary, dealer in sundries, Croft-st 
Burnaud Richard, gun maker. 111, Pilgrim- 
street 
Burnand Robert, tailor, 101, Pilgrim-street; 

ho. 2, Blackett-street 
Burn Bryan, vict. White Horse Inn, Groat 

jNIarket 
Burn David, vict. (Rayne and Burn) ; ho. 4, 

Adelaide-terrace 
Burn Henry, General Audit Office, No. 9, 

Newcastle and Carlisle Railway station 
Burn James, agent, 8, Cottenham-street 
Burn James, corn dealer, Saville-court 
Burn Jane, lodgings, 4, Albion-street 
Bm^n John, cattle salesman, 8, Derwent- 

place 
Burn John, chemist, 53, Northumberland- 
street; bo. 7, Brunswick-place 
Bum Margaret, vict. Green Tree Inn, Balst- 

hills 
Bum Thomas, farmer, Low Elswick 



DIRECTORY OF KEWCASTLE-UPOK-TYNE, 



237 



Bum Joseph and Co. earthenware manu- 
facturers, Stepney-bank 
Burn Joseph, earthenware manufacturer (J. 

Burn & Co.); ho. Stepney-bank 
BurnEobt. T. watch glass &c. manufacturer, 
75, Grey-st; ho. 5, Eavensworth-terrace 
Burn WiUiam, grocer, &c. Gallow-gate 
Burns Alexander, provision dealer, 35,AVest- 

gate- street 
Burns Mark, hairdresser. Causey bank 
Burnell Ann, beerhouse, New-mills 
Burnet Thomas gentleman, 3 Summerhill- 

terrace 
Burnett Brothers, Spring Gardens Engine 

"Works 
Burnett Jacob, manufacturing chem, (Thos. 

Burnett & Sons); ho. Dunston 
Burnett James, civil engineer, 43, Prudhoe- 

street 
Burnett Jas. engine manufacturer (Burnett, 

Brothers); ho. Spring Garden House 
Bui'nettJno. manufacturing chemist (Thos. 

Burnett & Sons) ; ho. Dunston • 
Burnett Jonathan, manufacturing chemist 

(T. Burnett &Sons); ho. Eye Hill 

Burnett Peter, fruiterer, 6(J, West Clayton-st 

Burnett Eobert, ship broker & commission 

merchant, 26, Quayside; ho. 43, Prudhoe- 

street 

Burnett Eobert, (Locke, Blackett, and Co.) 

ho. 31, Eye Hill 
Burnett Thos. & Sons, chem. manufacturers 

Bill-quay & Dunston ; office, 8, Side 
Burnip Mrs. Ann, 6, Jesmond-terrace 
Burnip Anthony, vict. Duke of Buckingham 

Inn, 3nBuckingham-street 
Bumip John, draper, 7, Dean-street 
Burnup Cuthbert, timber merchant, &c. 
(W. & C. Burnup); ho. 6, Jesmond ter. 
Bumup John & Henry, coach makers, 63, 
Northumberland-street, & Elswick-court 
Burnup Jno. coachmaker(J.& H. Burnup); 

ho. Barras-bridge 
Burnup J. builder, 39, West Clayton-street; 

ho. 20, Elswick-villas 
Burnup Martin, M.D. and surgeon, 9, Der- 

went-place 
Burnup Thos. (Swan & Burnup); ho. 6, 

Jesmond-terrace 
Burnup W. & C. timber merchants, saw 
mill owners and builders, Barras-bridge 
Burnup Wilham, timber merchant, &c. ( W. 
& C. Burnup); ho. 12, St. Mary's-terrace 
Burrell Ann, beer retailer. New-mills 
Burrell Isaac, ironfounder ( J. &I. Burrell); 

ho. South-street 
BurreJl John & Isaac,ironfounders, South-st 



Burrell John, ironfounder (J & I. Burrell); 

ho. South-street 
Burrell John, chemist, (Taylor, Gibson&Co.); 

ho. High Swinburne-place 
Burtchby Geo. Pepper, fruit merchant, 17, 

Nun-street 
Burton Enoch, confectioner, 144, Pilgrim- st 
Burton John, boot maker, Byker-bank 
Burton Joseph, confectioner, 7, Hinde-st 
Burton William Chas, grocer & provision 

dealer, 12, Blenheim-street 
Bushfield John, vict. Cricket Ground Inn, 

Bath-road 
Byers Eleanor, dress maker, 6, Lisle-st 
Byker Bottle Company, St. Peter's 
Byrne And. furniture broker. Pink-lane 
Byrne William, M.D. , 1, Stepney terrace 
Bush John A. solicitor, 15 West parade 
Butler Mrs. Mary, 18, George-street 
Butterley John, cooper, 20, Newgate-st 

CAIL J. & S. A. opticians &c. 45, Quay 

Call John, optician, (J. & S. A. Cail); ho. 
44, Northumberland-street 

Cail John, optician and mathematical in- 
strument maker, 8, Grey street; ho. 44, 
Northumberland-street 

Cail Mrs. Mary, 44, Northumberland-st 

Cail Eichard, builder, 42, Northumberland- 
st. «& 53, Percy st ; ho. Durham 

Cail Septimus Anthony, optician (J. & S. 
A. Cail); ho. 5, Claremont-pl. Gateshead 

Cairns Alexander, assistant overseer for 
Byker, Howard street, Byker-bank 

Cairns Geo. joiner and furniture broker, 
24, Pilgrim -street 

Cairns Jas. vict. Railway Inn, Carliol-place 

Cairns John, cabinet maker. Croft-street; 
ho. Carlton-sti-eet, Shieldfield 

Cairncross John, 113, Pilgrim-street 

Calder James, builder. High Friar-lane; 
ho. 4, Clayton-street, East 

Caldwell & Co. outtitters, 25, Sandhill and 
2, Cloth Market 

Caldwell John, merchant, 55, Quay ; ho. 11, 
Eidley-villas 

Caldwell Kobt. timber merchant, 19, Broad- 
chare; ho. 11, Eidley-villas 

Caldwell Thomas, outfitter (Caldwell & Co.) 
ho. Oxford-street 

Callcot Chas. vict. Fleece Inn, 1, Dem^ent- 
place, Cattle Market 

Cameron William confectioner and vict. 
Commercial Hotel, 35, and 30, Grainger-st 

Campbell Mrs. Isabella, 7, Wesley-street 

Campbell John, artist, 114, Blenheim-street 

Campbell Wm. boot maker, 52, Dean-sti-eet 



238 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Campbell, Wm. vict. Earl of Durham Inn, 

Pilgrim-street 
Campbell Wm. provision dealer, Sandgate 
Candlish James, vict. Boar's Head Inn, 

Westgate 
Cant Mrs. Mary, 7, Claremont-place 
Cantley G-eo. carpenter, 43, Jessamine-place 
Capon Joseph, wire drawer, Pilgrim-street,- 

ho. 34, Bayley-street 
Capper Wm. Jasper, commission agent, 28, 

Leazes-ten-ace 
Carey Mrs. Elizb. lodgings, 33, Market-st 
Cargey Mrs. Elizb. 6, Elswick row 
Cargill Mrs. Ann, 3, Eramlington-place 
Cargill & Co. merchants, 29, Quay 
Cargill Miss Eliza, 15, Lovaine-place 
Carins George, farmer, Keaton 
Carins Henry, agent. Manor Brewery, 
Manor-chare; ho. 3, Pawton-dean-teri-ace 
Carlisle Mr. John, Hewgill-terrace 
Carlton Eliza, provision dealer, 54, Percy-st 
Carmichael Robert, watch maker, Marl- 
borough-street 
Carmon Henry Jean Baptiste, vict. George 

Hotel, 139, Pilgrim-street 
Carnaby jMargt. cow keeper, GaUowgate 
Carnaby Robt. mar. store dk\ 16, William-st 
Carnaby Wm. mar. store dlr. Churchhiil-st 
Carr Anthony, grocer. Spring-street 
Carr i'-Donnison, milliners and dressmakers, 

Clavering-place 
Cai-r Andrew, agent, Elswick East-ten-ace 
Carr Ann & Jane, dressmakers, 66, West 

Clayton-street 
Can- & Co. wine and timber merchants. 

Broad-chare 
Carr David, provision dealer. Close; ho. 

Low Elswick 
Carr Geo. saw-maker, cutler, &c. 25, Nun- 
street 
Carr Hannah, teacher, 4, Portland-place 
Carr Mrs. Isabella, Croft -street 
Carr Jas. Nixon, cabt. mkr. 128, Pilgrim-st 
Carr John, agent, 115, Blenheim-street 
Carr John, vict. and brewer. Brown Jug 

Inn, Stepney-bank 
Carr John, coal-fitter, Trinity-chare, Quay ; 

ho. Roseworth 
Carr John, crucible mnfr. Railway-terrace, 

Scotswood-road ; ho. 48, Villa-place 
Carr John, draper, 4, Charlotte -square 
Carr John, gardener, Byker-hill 
Carr John, merchant tailor and clothier, 

17, Westgate-street 
Carr Joseph, Jewish rabbi. Temple-street 
Carr Joseph, furniture broker, 13, North- 
umberland-street 



Carr John, provision dealer, St. Peter's 
Carr John, wine & spirit merchant (J. Carr 

& Co.) ho. Crook-hill, Ryton 
Carr John Thomas, wine and spirit mrcht. 

(Carr & Co.) ho. Stella House, Durham 
CaiT Joseph, agent, 12, Lisle-street 
Carr Joseph, vict. Ship Inn, St. Peter's 
Carr Lancelot Stob art, wharfinger and ship 

brkr. 34, B]'oad-chare; ho. 4, Portland-pl 
Carr Mrs. Margaret, 112, Blenheim-street 
Carr JJargery, vict. Ship Inn, St. Peter's 
CaiT Mary Ann, cow keeper, Gallow-gate 
Carr M. butcher. Register sti-eet, Stepney-bk 
Carr Matt. vict. Ship Inn, Spicer-lane, Quay 
CaiT Nich. vict. Phcenix Tavern, Brewery 

Bank, Ouseburn 
Carr Peter, law stationer (Carter & Co.) ; 

ho. 16, Villa-place 
CaiT Ralph, baker, St. Peter's 
Can- Richard, cliemist, 30, Market-street ; 

ho, 45, Percy-street 
Carr Robert, cashier, 3, Ord-street 
Carr Mrs. Sarah, 4S, Leazes-terrace 
Carr Thomas, chemist, 42, Bigg Market; 

ho. 59, Blandford-street 
Carr Thos. (J. Carr & Co.) ; ho, Scotsw^ood 
Carr Thomas, clerk, Lambton's-bank ; ho. 

39, Cumberland-row 
Carr T. vict. Joiners' ^y?ns J/zn, Arthur's-hill 
Carr T. hosier, 59, Groat Islai'ket 
Carr Wm. bacon factor, 2, Nelson-street 
Carr Wm. cart proprietor, 20, St. John's-lane 
Carr Wm. china and glass dlr. 107, Percy-st 
Carr Wm. joiner, &c. 16, High Friar-st; 

ho. Walker 
Carr Wm. surgeon, 9, Newgate-street 
Carruthers Edward and Jane, poulterers, 

9, Nun-street 
Carruthers Ewd. beerhouse, 2, Blenheim-st. 
Carruthers Edwd. and Jane, poulterers, &c. 

Nelson-st ; ho. 2, Blenheim-street 
Carse Adam, hat and cap manufacturer, 

(Cochrane &Co.); ho. 22, Lancaster-st 
Carse Thomas, grocer, 87, Percy-street 
Carson Alexander, draper. Shield-street 
Carson David, draper, 3, Plummer street 
Carson James, draper, Carliol-street 
Carson Mrs. Ehzabeth, 2, George-street 
Carson Robt. vict. WilUngton Hotel, Colling- 

wood-street 
Carson W. vict. Chancellors Head Inn, 38, 

Newgate-street 
Carson'Wm. draper, 62, Blandford-street 
Carston John, prov. dlr. 33, Buckingham-st 
Carston Robt. cart proprietor, 8, Gallow-gate 
Carter & Co. law stationers. Arcade 
Caller John, agt. to T.&W. Smith, St. Peter's 



DIEECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



S39 



Carter jMary, i^rovision dealer, York-street 
Carter Michael, victualler, William the 

Fourth, Bell's-court 
Carter Wm. vict. Rose and Grown Inn, Bigg 

Market 
Gartner George, colonrer and stenciller, 108, 

Blenh eim-street 
Cartner Eobert, agent, 11, Blenheim-street 
Carver & Co. agent to tiie Y. N. & B. Rail- 

■svay Co. Trafalgar-street Goods Station, 

and cart propi-ietors. Quay 
Casril Morris, hatter (Casril & Yickerey); 

ho. 8, Clayton-street 
Casril & Yickerey, hatters, 109, Side 
Catcheside Broths, grocers, 61, Grainger-st 
Catcheside Robt. grocer (Catcheside Bros ); 

ho. East Parade 
Catcheside Thos. grocer (Catcheside Bros.); 

ho. 10, Elswick-row 
Catherall John, grocer, 25, Buxton-street 
Catherall Thos. N. accountant, &c. 4, East 

Parade 
Catton Thomas, grocer, 21, Mosley-street ; 

ho. 11, St. Mary's-terrace 
Challoner Edw. Wilson, oil mrcht. & com. 

agent, 17, Mosley-st. ; ho. Graingerville 
Challoner John Saddler, stock and share 

broker, 27, Dean-st. ; ho. Benwell Lodge 
Chambers Ann, pro\'ision dealer, Back-row 
Chambers James, gentleman, 38, Elswick 

East-terrace 
Chambers Mrs. Jane, 27, Leazes-terrace 
Chambers Luke, painter, 24, Edward-street 
Chambers Pearson Thomas, surgeon, 76, 

Newgate-street 
Chambers Wm. grocer, St. Peter's 
Chantler Wm. tailor, St. Nicholas's-church- 

yard ; and butcher, Westgate 
Chapman Mrs. Ann, 9, St. James-street 
Chapman, Edward, hairdresser, 5, Close ; 

ho. 44, George-street 
Chappel Charles, rag rachant.EIwick's lane 
Charante Anthony, shipbroker, 14, Broad- 
chare ; ho. 7, West Parade 
Charleton John, auctioneer, 13, Northum- 
berland-court 
Charlton & Angas, merchants, 69, Quay 
Charlton Cath. lodgings, Elswick East- terr 
Charlton Edward, bookseller, &c. 46, Pil- 
grim-street; ho. 13, Cumberland-row 
Charlton Edward, M.D. 7, Eldon-square 
Charlton Edw. prov. dlr. 58, Northumber- 

land-st. ; and butcher, 128, New Market 
Charlton Mrs. Elizabeth, 13, Elswick-villas 
Charlton F. merchant (Charlton & Angas), 

ho. Hinde-st 
Charlton J. vict. Angel Inn, 4, Butcher-bank 



Charlton George, butcher, 67, Blackett-st. ; 

ho. 4, Northumberland -place 
Charlton Jas. plasterer, Brunswick-place 
Chariton John, victualler, Duke of Welling- 
ton, Drury-lane 
Charlton John, chief sanitary inspector and 

assistant town surveyor. Railway-street, 

Scotswood-road 
Charlton John, flint manufacturer, Ouse- 

burn ; ho Lawson-street 
Charlton John, prov. dlr. Sandyford-lane 
Charlton Jno.prov. dlr. ll,Stamfordham-pl 
Charlton J. vict. Talbot Inn, 74, Westgate-st 
Charlton Lancelot, butcher, 152, New 

Market; ho. Green-court 
Charlton Mary A. school, 22,Westmorland-st 
Charlton Ralph, prov. dealer. Causey-bank 
Chai'lton Robert, gentleman, 8, Victoria-ter 
Charlton Thomas, ironfounder, Ouseburn; 

ho. 41, Howard-street 
Charlton Wm. corn factor, 32, Sandhill; 

ho. 11, Lovaine-place 
Charnley Emerson, bookseller, 45, Bigg 

Market ; ho. 5, Wesley-terrace 
Chartres Wm. solicitoi", 74, Grey-street; ho. 

Summer-hill-terrace 
Chater Thos. & Wm. sohcitors, 21, Mosley-st 
Chater Thomas, solicitor (T. & W. Chater) 

ho. 3, St. Thomas's-place 
Chater YAn. solicitor (T. & W. Chater) ho. 

38, Bye-hill 
Chatto Edward, tailor, 39, Yilla-place 
Cheesemond Ehzabeth, Joiners' Arms Inn, 

Gibson-street 
Cheetham T. mattress mkr, 57,Westgate-hill 
Chicken Thos. block and mast maker, 29, 

Quay ; ho. Grosvenor-street, Gateshead 
Chisholm Thos. S. tailor, 5, George-street 
Christiansen, Schier & Co. mrchts. 39, Quay 
Christiansen George C. E. merchnt. (Chris- 
tiansen, Schier & Co.) ho. 1, Carlton- 

place 
Christie Grieve, comm. traveller, 3, John st 
Christie J. &Co. plumbers, &c. 2, LowFriar-st 
Christie James, plumber, &c. (J. Christie 

& Co.) ; ho. 2, Low Eriar-street 
Christie John, engraver, &c. 9, and 3, Nel- 
son-street ; ho. 36, Cumberland-row 
Christison Ales, superintendent of passeng. 

dept. Y. N. & B. R. : ho. Pandon House 
Chubb John, vict. Joiners' Arms Inn, 35, 

Gibson street 
Clapham Mrs. Ehzb. 5, Summerhill-ter 
Clapham Henry (jMonnsey &: Co.); ho 5, 

Summerhill-terraee 
Clark Ann, hosier &c. 16, Bigg market; 

ho 68, Grainger sti-eet 



240 



DIKECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Clark Benjamin, marine store and general 

dealer, near the Glass House Bridge, 

Tyne-street, North shore 
Clark Daniel, superintendent, TVestgate 

Cemetery 
Clark George, plasterer. Dispensary-lane 
Clark George, cabinet maker, High Friar- 
lane ; ho 41, Percy-street 
Clark Geo. fruiterer, IG, Cloth mkt; ho 9, 

Grey-street 
Clark Geo. Noble, surgeon, 10, Newgate-st 
Clark George, leather merchant (T. & G. 

Clarke); ho 2, John's- place, Gateshead 
Clark George, tailor, St. Martin's-court 
Clark Jas. proAdsion dealer, 9, William-st 
Clark John, baker, Willington-quay 
Clark John, boot maker, 86 Side, and 16, 

St. Nicholas's-square 
Clark Jane, shoe dealer, 67, Side 
Clark John, corn merchant, 3, Side ; ho 47, 

Eldon street 
Clark Joseph, floor cloth manufacturer, 126, 

Pilgrim-street ; works, PiOgent-terrace 
Clark Joseph, spirit mercht. l,Painter-heugh 
Clark Mrs. Margaret, 12, Ellison-place 
Clark Mary, spirit mercht. 4, St. Nicholas's 

church yard 
Clark Eobt. bank agent, 9, Albion-street 
Clark Kobt. butcher, 55, Percy-st. and 179, 

New- market 
Clark E. cashr. Lambton'sbank;hoAlbion-st 
Clark Robert, cutler, 33, Mosley-st; ho. 78, 

Blenheim-street 
Clark Thomas, Low Elswick Foundry ; ho. 

Tyneside-terrace 
Clark Thos. & Geo. leather mrchts. 94, Side 
Clark Thomas leather merchant (T. & G. 

Clark) ; ho. 25, Framwell- gate, Durham 
Clark Thomas, tailor, 5, Thornton-street 
Clark William, auctioneer. Arcade ; ho. 47, 

Eldon- street 
Clark Wm. vict. Bacchus Inn, Newgate-st 
Clark Wm. cabinet maker, 78, Pilgrim st 
Clark William, shoe maker, 9, Darncrook ; 

ho. 50, Stowell-street 
Clark Wm. vict. Sir William Wallace Inn, 

42, Stowell-street 
Clarke Abraham, jun. com factor, 69, Quay ; 

ho. Garden-terrace, Westgate 
Clarke Ann, hosier, 68, Graiuger-st. and 

16, Bigg Market 
Clarke & Dunn, wharfingers, 76, Quay 
Clarke Mrs. Ehzbth. 35, Cumberland-row 
Clarke Geo. book keeper. Quay dues office; 

ho. 42, Villa place 
Clarke John, wharfinger (Clarke & Dunn) ; 

ho. 76, Quay- 



Clarke John, chimney sweeper, Long stairs, 

Queen-street 
Clarke Jno. printer, 27, St. Nicholas's church 

yard ; ho. Picton-terrace 
Clarke, Plummer & Co. Northumberland 

flax mills. Lime-street 
Clarke Joseph, floor cloth manufacturer, 

126, Pilgrim-street 
Clarke Robert, provision dealer and builder, 

Argyle-street 
Clarkson Elias, shoe maker, 9, John-street, 

Arthur's hill 
Clasper Henry, boat builder, Benwell Boat 

House, Low Benwell 
Clay Ann, seminary, 12, Ridley-place 
Clay John, (Clay, Mitchell & Co.); ho. 

South Shields 
Clay Mr. Robt. Jesmond dean-terrace 
Clay William, ship broker, 32, Quay 
Clayton & Armstrong, timber merchants, 

Skinner's burn 
Clayton Miss Deborah, 46, Westgate-st 
Clayton J. & M., solicitors. Sandhill 
Clayton John, solicitor and town clerk, (J. 

& M. Clayton); ho. Fenkle-street 
Clayton Mat. solicitor, (J. & M. Clayton) ; 

ho. Fenkle-st 
Clayton Rev. Richard, M.A. minister of St. 

Thomas's Chapel, 16, Northumbrlnd.-st. 
Clavering John, solicitor and steward of the 

manor of Iveston, &c. Collingwood-st ; 

ho. Wickham 
Claxton, Susannah, seminary, 2, George-st 
Clegg Solomon, wholesale woollen manu- 
facturer and importer of foreign rags and 

wool, Westgate woollen mill and New- 
road; ho. New road 
Cleghorn Jos. cab proprietor, Adelaide pi 
Clelland Mary, innkeeper, 4, Close 
Clelland Susan, victualler, Lion and Lamb, 

44, Newgate-street 
Clement Louis, commission agent. Three 

Indian Kings' court; ho. 67, Westmore- 
land-terrace 
Clementson Charles & Co. lead merchants, 

23, Sandhill 
Clementson Chas.mrch ; ho. Jesmond-^dllas 
Clementson Margt. vict. Gate Tavern, New 

quay 
Clementson Mary, beer house, 21, East 

Clayton-street 
Clementson Thos. shop-keeper, Byker-hill 
Clemmy Thos. vict. tailor, &c. Yarmouth 

Arms Inn, St. Peters 
Clennell Jno. Morton, chem. 34, Westgate 
Clephan Jos. insurance agent, 14, Sandhill 
Cleugh Francis, dressmaker, Canada-terrace 



DIEECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Ul 



Clifford George, agent, 28, Brandling-place 
Clifford Tkllliara, agent, Byker Mill 
Clinton Arthur, professor of music, 107, 

Pilgrim-street 
Clinton Peter, clothes dealer, Dog-bank 
Close Edward, hosier, 21, Groat Market ; 

ho. Scotswood-road 
Close Geo. Silvertop, draper, 82, W. Clayton- 
street ; ho. Bayley-street 
Close Jas. agent, 3, Elswick-row, Eye-hill 
Clough Miss Jane, Jesmond-place 
Clyde Andrew, provision deah% Manor-chare 
Coates Taylor, turner, 24, Pilgrim-street ; 

ho. Carliol-street 
Coatsworth Peter, \ict. Eose and Croivninn, 

East Ballast-hills 
Cockburn Alex, grocer, 10, Collingwood-st 
Cockburn Joseph, veterinary surgeon, 20, 

St. Johii's-lane 
Cockburn Thomas, innkeeper. Lord Hill 

Inn, Spring Garden-terrace, Pitt-street 
Cockcroft, Lonsdale M. sol. 17, Grainger-st; 

ho. 10, St. Mary's-place 
Cockerton George, tailor, 96, Side ; ho. 33, 

Melbourne-street 
Cochrance & Carse, hatters and capmanfrs. 

18, Mosley-street and 11, Grainger-street 
Cochrane Hannah, hatter, &c. (Cochrane 

and Carse) ; ho. 22, Lancaster-street 
Cochrane Mrs. Hannah, York-street 
Cochrane Isabella, milliner, 66, Grainger-st; 

ho. Lancaster-street 
Codling Joseph, butcher, 131, New Market ; 

ho. 1, High Eriar-street 
Codling William, joiner. Back Hill-street 
Cohen David, optician, 9, Mosley-street 
Cohen Freeman, cap manufacturer, 62, 

Grainger-street ; ho. 6, Blenheim-street 
Cohn Naphtah, bootmaker, 43, Grainger-st 
Coffey Edward, grocer, 27, S to well-street 
Colbeck Mr. Thomas, Adelaide-terrace 
Colbeck Thomas Jj. & Co. bone cutters, 

and manure manufacturers, Scotswood 

Bone Mill 
Cole John, Elephant and Castle Inn, 

Low Friar-street 
Cole William, bi-ewer, 8, Low Friar-street 
Coll Eobert, butcher, Canada office, 60, 

Quayside 
Collen Jane, dressmaker, E. Clayton-street 
Collier Henry, Alfred, editor of " Courant," 

5, Nixon-street 
Collins and J. & N. printers, 20, Nelson-st 
CoUins Frederick, chemist, Sandgate; ho. 

Elliston- street, Gateshead 
Collins John, beer retailer. Broad-chare 
Collins Mrs. Mary 24, Elswick East terrace 

Q 



Collins John White & Nathaniel, printers, 

Nelson-street 
Collinson John, hair dresser. New-road 
Collinson Henry, hair dresser, 75, Quay; 

ho. Eichmond-street 
Collinson Thomas, bootmakr, 10, Dean-st.; 

ho. 11, Dean's-court 
Colpltts James, vict. Durhain House Jwn, 

Cloth Market 
Colquhoun William, grocer, 8, Bridge-end; 

ho. 12, Eavensworth-terrace, Gateshead 
Coltart James, manager of Newcastle Coal 

Go's depot, Bell's-street, Arthur's-hill 
Colthard Harper, day-school, Hanover-st 
Coltman John Eerens, grocer, &c. Tyne-st 
Colville John B. com. agent Trafalgar-st 
Colvin Mr. David 14, Marlborough-crescent 
Common John, Marlborough Inn, 22, 

Marlborough -street 
Common Margaret, jB^acZ; Bull's Head Inn, 

72, Westgate- street 
Common Thomas, butcher. Manors ; ho. 

Temperance-row, Shieldfield 
Conseil, T. shipbroker, 8, Sandhill; ho. 1, 

North -terrace 
Cook Edward, undertaker, &c. 5, Cloth 

Market 
Cook George, bootmaker. Shield-street 
Cook Mrs. Isabella, West-ho. St. Anthony's 
Cook John, cooper, &c. (William Cook 

& Co.) Leith Wharf; ho. New-road 
Cook John, soda and alkali manufacturer, 

St. Anthony's Chemical Works 
Cook James, plumber. Cross-street 
Cook Joseph, grocer. East Ballast Hills 
Cook Margaret, funeral furnisher, 5, Cloth 

Market 
Cook Pliny, milliner, 96, Side 
Cook Mr. Eobert, Howard St. Byker Bar 
Cook Eobert, prov. dealer, St. Lawrence 
Cook Ealph, butcher. East Ballast Hills 
Cook Eichard, provision dealer, New Pan- 
don-street 
Cook William, & Co. paint and colour 

manufacturers ; & coopers, Leith Wharf, 

Quay ; ho. New-road 
Cook William, manager for John Cook, 

soda and alkali manufacturer; ho. West- 
house, St. Anthony's 
Cook Wm. auctioneer and cooper. New-road 
Cooke Chas. Henry, gentl. Benwell-grove 
Cooke Edwai'd corn and flour factor, 77, 

Quay Side ; ho. 14, Elswick-west-ten'ace 
Cooke George, innkeeper, Dog Leap Stairs 
Cooke and Hewitt, corn factoi's, 77, Quay 
Cook Margaret, vict. Bay Horse Inn, 

Arthur's-hill 



S43 



DIEECTORY OF NEWGASTLE-UPGN-TYnE. 



Cooke Jocelyiij merchant; ho. 16, St. 

Thoraas'-crescent 
Cooke Mary Ann, fruiterer, &c. 44, West 

Clayton-street 
Cooke M. J. manager, 16, St.^Thomas's- 

square 
Cooke Eobert, grocer and fruiterer, 70, 

Newgate-street 
Cooke and Sutton, chemists, 46, West Clay- 
ton-st. ; ho. 39, Westmoreland-ten-ace 

Cooke Thomas, chemist (Cooke & Sutton) ; 
ho. 50, Westmoreland terrace 

Cooke Captain, Koyal Engineers, Ordnance 
Survey 

Cookson Charles C. gentl. 6, Charlotte-sq 

Cookson C. E. & Co. steel spring and file 
manufacturers, South-street 

Cookson John, bonded warehouse proprietor, 
40, & 50, Close; ho. White Hill, Chester- 
le-sireet 

Cookson Chas. E. hotttlemanufactr. (C. E. 
Cookson & Co.); ho. Charlotte-square 

Cookson Cuthbert, and Co. bottle manufrs. 
Close 

Cookson, William Isaac & Co. lead merchts. 
&c. Close 

Cooper Ann, milliner, 4,Westgate-hill ter 

Cooper Barbara, stay maker, 1 Lord-street 

Cooper Caleb, shoemaker, 21, Pit-street 

Cooper George, master mariner, 11, Carl- 
ton-street 

Cooper George (late Daniels & Cooper) 
house decorator, paper hanger & painter. 
Northumberland paper hanging manu- 
factory and decorative works, 87, Clayton- 
street- west ; ho. 5, Elswick-west-teiTace 

Cooper James, Victoria Royal Hotel, Mel- 
bourne-street 

Cooper J. & Co. merchants, 33. Quay. 

Cooper John, bootmaker, 1, Market-street; 
ho. Stowell-street 

Cooper John, ship broker; ho. 13, Clare- 
mont-place 

Cooper Eobert, brush manufr. 84, West 
Clayton-street 

Cooper Thomas, tailor, 27, Northumber- 
land-street 

Cooper Thomas, upholsterer, 25, Shield-st 

Cooper William, flour dealer, 115, Pilgrim- 
street; ho. 39, Grosvenor- street, Gates- 
head 

Copeland George, school, 87, Blandford-st 

Copland William, grocer and tea dealer, 
Copland terrace 

Coppock Ann, 32, Westmoreland-terrace 

Coppock Henry, merchant, 33, Quay : ho. 
18, Spring -terrace, North Shields 



Coppock Thomas, provision dealer,36, New- 
gate-street 
Corbett Ann, lodgings, 4, Lisle-street 
Corbett Joseph & Co. hosiers, &c, 2, Grey- 
street 
Corbett Joseph, hosier (J. Corbett & Co.): 

ho. J, Mosley-street 
Corbett William, cowkeeper Gallow-gate 
Corby Elizabeth Ann, straw hat maker. 

Nelson-street, North-shore 
Costello James, clothes dealer, Sandgate 
Cotton Edward John, agent, 12, Camden-st 
Coulson George, cooper, 58, Groat Market, 

New-road 
Coulson Mrs. Margaret, 3, Tindal-st 
Coulson Mary, provision dealer, Gosforth.st 
Coulson Robert Plaswell, shoemaker, 6, 

Marlborough-street 
Coulson, Eobert, cheese monger, 40, Dean- 
street ; ho. Gateshead Eell 
Coulson Sarah, schoolmistress ; ho. 21, 

Shield-street, Shieldfield 
Coulthard Thomas, manager for the Byker 

Bottle Company ; ho. Byker House 
Coultart James, agent. West- street 
Coulthard Mary, hosier, 23, Union-street 
Coulthard Thomas, provision dealer,Postern 
Courteuay James CJibborn, com. agent, 97, 
Side ; warehouse, 1 9, Close; ho. 56, West- 
moreland-terrace 
Cout Benjamin, painter, 2, Summerhill 
Cowan David & Sou, timber merchts. New- 
road 
Cowan David, timber merchant (D. Cowan 

& Son) ; ho. New-road 
Cowan George, bacon factor, 72,New Market; 

ho. 10,Wesley-st. Shieldfield 
Cowan George, cheesemonger, 15, Newgate- 
street ; ho. 64, Percy st. 
Cowan Geo. & Wm. cheesmongers,91,Side 
Cowan Geo. cheesemonger, (G. & W. 

Cowan); ho. 91,Blandford-street 
Cowan James, cheesemonger, Ouseburn- 
bridge and Adelaide-place; ho. Eidley- 
villas 
Cowan John, editor of "Newcastle Journal," 

10, York-street 

Cowan Nicholas, clothier, 42, CoUingwood- 

street & St. Nicholas-sq. ; ho. Wharnchfife- 

street 

Cowan Eachel, dress maker, 45, Yilla-place 

Cowan Eobert, bookbinder, 1, Library -pi.; 

ho. Hutt-street, Gateshead 
Cowan, Eobert, timber mercht. (D. Cowan 

& Son); ho. New-road 
Cowan William, cheese monger, (G. & W. 
Cowan); ho, 8, Cumberland-row 



DIBECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



243 



Cowan William W. ship broker, 29, Quay ; 

ho. Egypt, New-road 
Cowans John, boot maker, 76, Northumber- 
land-street; ho. 17, Brunswick- place 
Coward Mrs. Jane, 20, Leazes-terrace 
Coward Thomas, cart proprietor, Smith's - 

court, Prudhoe-street 
Coward Thos. coffee roaster, Pandon-dean 
Cowell Mr. John, Arthur's •hill 
Cowell John, \ict. Croft Tavern, Croft-street 
Cowen Jane & Co., innkeepers,. Buxton-st, 
CoT.'en Joseph & Co. coal ov.'ners, & fire 

bnck manufrs. 59, Quay 
Cowland Charles, plane maker, 47, Groat 

Market ; ho. II, Els wick-terrace West 
Coxon Daniel C. provision dealer, 77, 

Percy-street 
Coxon Francis, vict. Durham Ox Inn, Cattle 

Market 
Coxon Jan-ies, butcher, 98, New Market ; 

ho. Gribson-street 
Coxon James, draper, etc. (Eichardsou & 

Coxon); ho. 1, Burdon place 
Coxon Mr. Thomas, Shield-street 
Coxon William, house agent, 35, West 

Buckin gham-street 
Coxwell George Samuel, commission agent, 

104, Side ; ho. Eye-hill 
Craggs Eobert, marble mason, 72, Percy-st 
Craig Ann, dlr. insunds. Westgate; ho, J 7, 

Blenheim-street 
Craig Charles John, bootmaker. Forth- st 
Craig Frans. cabinet maker, 58, Groat 

Market; &Aact. Highlander Inn, Pandon 
Craig George, bootmaker, Castle Garth 
Craig Thomas, foreman to Locke, Blackett 

& Co. St. Anthony's 
Craig Waiter, bacon factor, 135, New Mrkt ; 

ho. Sbieldfield 
Craigie Nicholas, beerhouse, Drury lane 
Crake John, sub-inspector of police, Police 

Station, Prudhoe-street 
Crake Wm. painter, 13, Tindal-street 
Cram George Wm. solicitor, 21, Dean-st. : 

ho. 5, Yictoria-lerrace 
Cram ]^,Irs. Mary, 8, Carlton-place 
Cranston Eobt. cbnt mkr. 104, Pilgrim-st 
Craster Thos. & Mrs. inspector and matron 

of the Eye Infirmary, 3, Saville-row 
Craven Thos. clothes dealer, Blackgate 
Craven Jane, pawnbrkr. 10, Pudding-chare 
Crawford Alfred Eamney, stationer, 12, 

Dean-street ; ho. St. John's-place 
Crawford Geo. prov. dealer. Temple-street 
Crawford Mary, vict. Steam Engine Inn, St. 

Peter's 
Crawford Mrs. lodgings, 26, Nun-street 



Crawford Matt, iron founder, &c. Elswick 

Iron Works; ho. 13, Elswick East terrace 
Crawford Thos. vict. Loraine Arms Inn, 

Ouseburn 
Crawford William, vict. and joiner and 

cabinet maker, Pine Apple Inn, 47, West- 
gate 
Crawhall Isaac, gentleman, 2, Eldon-square 
Crawhall Joseph & Sons, patent rope rafrs. 

St. Ann's Eopery, New-road 
Crawhall Joseph, sen. patent rope manuftr. 

(J. Crawhall & Sons) ; ho. Stagshaw, 

near Corbridge 
Crawhall Mrs. Margt. Stagshaw, Corbridge 
Crawhall Thomas Emerson, merchant (J. 

Crawhall & Sons), ho. St. Ann's House, 

New road 
Cra\yhall Wm. vict. North Terrace Hotel, 

North-terrace 
Crawley Eev. J. (Catholic) 73, Pilgrim-st 
Crayton Eev. Eichd. 23, Northumberland-st 
Creighton Margaret, fruitr. 23, Cloth Maket 
Cresswell Edward, agent, Canada-street 
Cresswell John Haliden, bookseller, 6, 

Carlton-street 
Cresswell Joseph, prov. dlr. Eailway-terrace 
Crewther T. boot & shoemkr. GS, Eiswick-sfc 
Crier John, agent, 84, Blandford-street 
Crighton William, solicitor (Griffiths and 

Crighton); ho. 1, Adelaide-terrace 
Crocker Mary, milliner, GO, Pilgrim -street 
Crofton Zach. grocer, &c. 68, Blackett-st 
Crook Mrs. Susannah, 8, Elswick-row 
Crooks Mrs. Elizabeth, 39, Villa-place 
Cropton Mrs. Dorothy. 21, Eidley-place 
Crosier Edward, tailor, 44, Prudhoe-street 
Crosier Jobn, grocer, Fenkle-street 
Croiser Jonas, livery stables and posting 

liouse, Eldon-lane 
Cross Charraan, clockmaker, 99, Pilgrim-st 
Crossland Mrs. Emily, Argyle-place 
Crothers Eobert, bookseller, stationer, and 

news agent ; ho. Graingei'-street 
Croudace William, coalfitter, Three Indian 

Kings'-court ; ho. 1, Brandling-place 
Crow Francis Jas. manufac. chemist (Gray 

and Crow) ; ho. Park Bouse, Gateshead 
Crow George, agent to Stephenson & Co. 

South-street 
Crow John, bootmaker, 80, Terrace-place 
Crow Mary, lodgings, 4, Leazes- crescent 
Crow IMary, provision dealer, 3, Elswick 

East-terrace 
Crow W. S. printer, &c. 96, Side ; ho. G 

Garden-court, Gateshead 
Crowther David, joiner, White Hait-yard; 

ho. Leazes-crescent 



244 



DIRECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Growth er Henderson, dealer in periodicals, 

16, Nelson-street 
Crozier John, grocer, &c. FenMe-street 
Crozier Ralph, grocer, I, Wellington-terrace 
Cruddace Geo. engineer (W. G. Armstrong 

and Co.) ; ho. Elswick 
Culley Edw. corn factor (S. & E. Culley) ; 

ho. 14, RyehiU 
Culley Sml. corn factor (S. & E. Culley); 

ho. 19, Ryehill 
Culley S. & E. c<jrn factors, 29, Sandhill 
Cullenford Henry, fish curer, 21, Newgate-st 
Curaming Wm. whitesmith, Hinde-street 
Cummings John, butcher, 134, New Market; 

ho. 32, Bigg Market 
Cummings Rbt. gentleman, 4, St. Ann's-row 
Cummings William, butcher, Ouse-street; 

ho. Elwick's-lane 
Cunningham John, -vict. Bay Horse Inn, 

Grallow-gate 
Cunningham Wm. shipbuilder and ship- 
owner, St. Lawrence ; ho. 18, Ridley- villas 
Cuppels James, bacon factor, &c. 115, New 

Market; ho. 18, Blenheim-street 
Currie Brothers & Co. com. mrchts. 117, Side 
Currie Geo. merchant (Currie, Bro. & Co.) ; 

ho. Shieldfield-green 
Currie Geo. chemist (Currie & Hutchin- 
son) ; ho. Shieldfield-green 
Currie Geo. tailor, 190, East Clayton-street 
Currie & Hutchinson, chemists, 1 9, Sandhill 
Currie Margt. upholsteress, 21, Blenheim-st 
Currie Robt. merchant (Currie, Bro. &Co.); 

ho. 15, Shieldfield-green 
Currie Wm. stencillor, 38, Low Friar-street 
Curry Caleb, vict. GarricJc's Head, Cloth 

Market 
Curry Elizb. register office for servants, 6, 

Newgate- street 
Curry Gee. butcher, 29, New Market; ho. 

Regent-terrace 
Curry Mrs. Isabella, 1 , Lovaine-row 
Curry M. tailor, 17, Blenheim-street 
Curry Mark, vict. WJiits SivanInn,'Ssindga,te 
Cuiry Robert, builder, Churchhill-street ; 

ho. 1, Ord-street 
Curry Robt. vict. Sunderland House Inn, 

27, Quay 
Curry Thos. builder and joiner, Fleece-ct. 

Gallow-gate ; ho. 1, Stamfordham-place 
Curry Wm. Robt. butcher, 35, New Market; 

ho. Spring Garden-terrace 
Curson Robt. sail maker. Quay 
Cui'tice Robert, reporter for " Newcastle 

Chronicle," 55, Eldon-street 
astance Thos. Wi 

Richmond- street 



Cuthbertson Archibald, provision dealer, 34, 

Percy-street 
Cuthbertson John, shoe maker. Seam-street 
Cutter John, butcher, 41, New Market ; ho. 

22, Simpson-street 

D'ACOSTA Francis, professor of languages, 

49, Howard-street 
D'Acosta Maria Antoinette, teacher, 49, 

Howard-street 
Dady Susan, pi'ovision dealer, 15, Tindal-st 
Dagg Elizb. lodgings, 13, New Bridge-street 
Daggett W. solicitor (Ingledew & Dagget^; 

ho. Catherine-terrace, Gateshead 
Daglish & Ismay, chemists, 33, Sandhill 
Daglish James, confectioner, 2, Hinde-st 
Daglish INFary, chemist (Daglish & Ismay); 

ho. 3, Carlton-terrace 
Daglish Wm. agent, 47, Westmoreland-ter 
Daghsh John, agent, Ouseburn 
Dahl Mrs. Ann, New Bridge-street 
Dale Jas. corn merchant (J. Hall & Co.) ; 

ho. 6, Elswick-villa 
Dale John Broderick, bank agent, 32, Mar- 
ket-street 
Dale Laban, hair dresr. Side; ho.4,Lisle-st 
Dale Misses, 25, Eldon square 
Dagne John, grocer, Cottenhara- street 
Dalziel Wm. pantr. &frntr. brkr. 32, West- 

gate-st. & 1, Cross-st. ; ho, 2, Bath-row 
Danby Benjamin, butcher, 8, Butcher-bank 
Danby Henrj% hair-dresser, 6, Nun-street 
Danby Isabella, butcher, 62, New Market ; 

ho. 7, Stamfordham-place 
Danby Michael, butcher, 30, New Market; 

ho. 5, Wellington-terrace 
Dance John, shipowner, 27, Richmond-st 
Dancyger Lewis, furn. broker, 36,Pilgrim-st 
Dand Jas. glover, 41, Bigg Market 
Dant Roger, printer, 112, Pilgrim-street 
Daniels Jas. morocco finshr. 91, Blenheim-st 
Danson Simon, harbour & quay master, 1, 

New-quay ; ho. 6, St. Ann's-row 
Dargue John, prov. dealer, Cottenham-st 
Darling John, boot maker, 28, Groat Mar- 
ket ; ho. Wesley-street, Shieldfield 
Darling Ralph, vict. Bull and Mouth Inn, 

Newgate-street 
Davidson Geo. pawnbroker, Lime-st. ; ho. 

Low Heaton 
Davidson Geo.prov.dlr. 13,SpringGarden-ter 
Davidson J. beadle of St. John's, Rosemary-la 
Davidson Jas. joiner, 17, Cloth Market; ho. 

31, Terrace-place . 
Davidson John, provision dealer (Hills and 

Davidson); ho. Walker- ter. Gateshead 
Davidson John, miller, Heaton 



DIRECTORY OP NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



245 



Davidson Joseph, stone merchant (Appleby 

and Davidson), ho. 6, "William- street 
Davidson Jno. Little Mill Lime Works, nr. 

Long Houghton ; ho. Eegent terrace 
Davidson Joseph, engraver, 24, Colling- 

wood-street 
Davidson Joseph, grocer, 15, West Buck- 
ingham-street 
Da^-idson INIary, professor of music, 9, 

Cumberland-row 
Davidson Peter, glove makr, 17, Cloth Mkt 
Davidson Peter, manager at commercial 

bank, Dean- street 
Davidson Pvichard, miller, 31, Groat Market 

ho. Low Luddick, near Ponteland 
Davidson Thos. John, prov. dlr. Willington 

Quay 
Da\-idson Thos. F. vict. Sun, Inn 59, Quay 
Davidson Wm. grocer, 50, Groat Market; 

ho. 7, Eye-hill 
Davie Geo. prov. dealer, Churchhill- street 
Da\ies Eichard, sculptor, 98, Pilgrim- street 
Davis Edwd. Dean, lessee of Theatre, ho. 

62, Westmoreland-terrace 
Davis Elizb. provision dealer, Canada-st 
Davis James, tailor, Castlo-garth 
Davis John Thos. organ builder, &c. New 

Bridge-street, and Picton-place 
Davis Joseph, engraver, 1, Canada-street 
Da\dson Mrs. Eleanor, 27, Cumberland-row 
Davison Elzb. dairywoman, 2, Prudhoe-st 
Davison John, cart proprietor, AVestgate 
Da^'ison Jane, uphlstr. 28, Nun-street 
Davison John, furniture broker, Buxton-st 
Davison John, gentleman, 3, Wharncliffe-st 
Davison Jno. rate collector, 22, Elswick-row 
Davison Joseph, provision dlr. 18, Church- 
hill- street 
Davison Josph, provision dealer, 2, Forth-pl 
Davison Joseph, ticket writer, 18, Church- 
hill-street 
Davison Margaret, lodgings, Camden-st 
Davison Mary, register office for servants, 

11, Prudhoe-street 
Davison Mary Ann, register office for ser- 
vants, 77, Pilgrim-street 
Davison Mrs, 16, Eldon-place 
Davison Eobert Smith, M.E.C.S. and L.A.C. 

Newbum 
Davison Thomas, cabinetmaker, 18, West- 
moreland-street 
Davison Thos, vict. Northumberland Arms 

Inn, 11, William- street 
Davison Thos. pawnbroker; ho. Hall-terrace 

Gateshead 
Davison Thos. vict. Pic Nic Tavern, Cot- 
tenham-street 



Davison, Eobt. funrl. furnshr. St. Lawrence 
Davison Wm. gun maker, 66, Westmore- 
land-terrace 
Dawson Barbara, lodgings, 11, George-st 
Dawson Jas. letter receiver, 63, Eldon-row, 

Percy-street 
Dawson Mrs. Margaret, 5, Greenfield-place 
Dawson Eichard, butcher, 99, New-market 
Dawson Simpson Septimus, collector to Gas 

Co. 4, Hedley-terrace 
Dawson Thos. superintendent for Water 

Co. 8, Grey-street 
Dawson, Echd. stay maker, 19, Newgate-st 
Dawson Wm. butcher, 132, New-market; 

ho. 33, Cumberland-row 
Dawson Wm. physician, 1, Eldon-square 
Dawson Wm. tailor, Lax's-court, Percy-st 
Dawson, Wm. Henderson, bookbinder, 16, 

St. Nicholas's-chiu'ch-yd; ho. Todd's-crt 
Day James, ship broker (T. Day & Co.)[; 

ho. North Shields 
Day John, chemist, 91, Pilgrini-st; ho. 12; 

Wesley-street 
Day Mr. John, Eidley-villas 
Day Thomas, fruiterer, 24, Percy-street 
Day Thomas, shipowner, Nixon-street 
Day Thomas & Co. ship brokers, 62, Quay 
Day Thos. ship broker (T. Day & Co.) ; ho. 

North Shields 
Day William, brewer, Brewery Bank, Ouse • 

burn 
Dean Jas. dyer, 24, Nun-street 
Dean Jos. hosier (W. & M. Dean & Co.) ; 

ho. Windmill hills, Gateshead 
Dean W. & M. & Co. hosiers, 45, Dean-st 
Deas Adam, vict. and plumber, Plough Inn, 

Manor chare 
Deas Charles, plumber &c. 37, Big-market; 

ho. 50, Grainger-street 
Dees Eubert, gentl. 20, Northumberland-st 
Dees Eobert E. solicitor (Stable and J.^'ees) 

agent to the National Loan Fund, 58, 

Pilgrim-st; ho. 5, St. Mary's-place 
De Fivas Auguste, teacher of languages, 21, 

Eldon-place 
Deighton Ann, dealer in sundries, Peel-st 
Deighton Francis, vict. and painter, George 

Stephenson Inn, 19, Trafalgar street 
Deighton Mrs. Mary, 7, Union terrace 
Delaval George, sail maker, 29, Quay ; ho. 

Denton chare 
De Mey Wm. M.D. 10, Eldon-square 
Dennis John, hat manufacturer (Dennis & 

Gillet); ho. 4, Blenheim-street 
Dennis & Gillet, hatmanufctrs. 81, Grey-st 
Dent Eoger, printer, ].12, Pilgrim-st; ho, 

2, Yilla-place 



946 



DIEECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Dent Eleanor, painter, 3, Union-street 
Dent Eev. Wni, (Prim. Meth.) York-st 
Denton 'Raliph,\ict.LocomotiveInn,'Postern 
Denton Eobert, basket mkr. 39, Bigg mrkt 
Detcbon James, tanner, 18, Cottenham-st 
Deutshman Soloman, cap manufacturer, 22, 
Mosley-street ; ho. 11, Sunderland -place 
Devlin Henry, vict. Bums's Tavern, Head 

of Side 
Dewar Frederick S. dniggist, 5, East Clay-- 

ton street; ho. 20, Eldon-square 
Dewar Jos. hair dresser, 131, Pilgrim -st 
DeTs^ar Henry Secas Man, 37, Grey-st; ho. 

8, Terrace-place 
Dewar Mrs. Margaret, 20, Eldon-square 
Dewar Peter, saddler, 24, & 40, Groat- 
Market ; ho. 4, Union-street 
Dewar Thomas, mustard manufacturer, 7, 

Pudding chare ; ho. Picton-place 
Dick Eichard, provision dealer, 7, Friars 
Dickbell David, tin-plate worker, 22, Close 
Dickinson Henry, stock & share broker (T. 
F._Pi(^kinson & Co.); ho. 20, Cumbrld row 
Dickinson Jacob, butcher, 80, New Market ; 

ho. 19, Wellington-terrace 
Dickinson John & Eobt. cart proprietors, 

Sallyport- gate 
Dickinson JMrs. Margaret, Pleasant-row, 

Shieldfield 
Dickinson Thos. butcher, Elswick-street 
Dickinson William, ship insurance and 
passage broker, and general commission 
merchant, and agent for St. Petersburg 
Nadejda Insurance Company, 38, Quay- 
side; ho. 20, Cumberland-row 
Dickinson Wm. Ogle, tobacco mfr. and corn 

factor, 62, Head of the Side 
Dickson Isabella, prov. dlr. N. Pandon-st 
Dickson, James, vict. Butchers^ Arms Inn, 

4, Nun-street 
Dickson James, joiner and builder, Albert- 
place, Shieldfield 
Dinning Alex. W. vict. Kinr/s Head Inn, 1, 

Percy-street 
Dinning & Co. merchants, 38, Broad-chare 
Dinning Eobt. merchant, (Dinning & Co.); 

ho. Picton-place 
Dinning Stephen, land and mine surveyor, 

15, West Clayton-st. ; ho. East Heaton 
Dinsdale Cuthbert, dentist, 1, Albion-street 
Dinsdale Thomas, lemonade manufacturer, 

20, Cloth Market 
Dishraan Matthew, register office for ser- 
vants, 15, Stamfordham-place 
Ditchburn Eobert, grocer, Byker-bar 
Dixon Dixon, esq. J.P. 18, Westgate-street, 
and Unthauk Hal!, near Haltwhistle 



Dixon Elizabeth, grocer, &c. 4, East Clay- 
ton-street; ho. 11, Leazes-crescent 
Dixon Elizabeth, prov. dlr. Forth-terrace 
Dixon Elizabeth, seminary, 9, Hinde-street 
Dixon George, vict. Blue Bell, Sandgate 
Dixon George, bootmaker, Ouseburn Bridge 
Dixon Henr}-, tailor and draper, 57, Grey-st.; 

ho. 25, Lovaine-place 
Dixon Isabella, baby hnen, &c. warehouse, 

135, Pilgrim-street 
Dixon Isabella, vict. Tankerville Arms Inn, 1, 

Diana street 
Dixon James, beerhouse, Seam-street 
Dixon James, tailor. Brandling Village 
Dixon James, tailor, 8, W. Blandford -street 
Dixon James, tailor, 5, Gallow-gate 
Dixon Jeremiab, bank agent, 32, Market-st 
Dixon John, agent, 38, High Wesley-street 
Dixon John, clerk, 10, Percy-street 
Dixon John, painter, Tyne-street; ho. 7, 

Heaton-terrace 
Dixon Joseph S. agent, 55, Quayside 
Dixon Eachael, vict. C/'mco?'nl7m, Bigg Mrkt 
Dixon Eobert, vict. Red Bull Inn, Byker-hill 
Dixon Saml. boot and shoe dlr. 60, Grey-st 
Dixon Simon, cork manufacturer, 96, Side ; 

ho Pilgrim-street 
Dixon Thomas, vict. Blade Sivan Inn, 10, 

East Clayton-street 
Dixon Thomas, joiner, Byker-hill 
Dixon Thomas, solicitor, 80, Grey-st.; ho. 

Benwell Nev/ Houses 
Dixon Thomas, butcher, Gibson-st and 

Copland-place 
Dixon Thomas, vict, Prussian Arms Inn, 62, 

Quayside 
Dixon Wm. vict. Alnu'ick House Inn, Cloth 

Market 
Dixon Wm. vict. Burns Tavern, Spicer-lane 
Dixon Wm. butcher, 139, New Market; ho. 

7, Terrace-place 
Dixon William, cooper, Pandon-hank 
Dobson Alex, architect. New Bridge-street 
Dobson Ann, school, 15, Blenheim-street 
Dobson Catherine, milliner, 60, Newgate-st 
Dobson Mrs. E. F. 31, Eldon-street 
Dobson Henry, agent, 19. Ten^ace-place 
Dobson John, architect. New Bridge-street 
Dobson John, clerk, Napier-street 
Dobson John, master mariner, Eussell-terr 
Dobson Leonard, butcher, 9J, Nevrgate-st 
Dobson Leonard, butcher, 177, Pilgiim-st 
Dobson Saml. gentleman, 13, Lovaine-cres 
Dobson Thos. A. butcber, 18, New Market ; 

ho. Westmoreland-terrace 
Dobson Wm. builder and timber merchant. 

Manors ; ho. Kent-street, Shieldfi<sld 



DIEECTORT OP NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



M7 



Dobson Wm. butcher, 180, New Mai'ket ; 

ho. 1, St. Martin's-court, Newgate-street 
Dobson William, prov. dealer, Shield-street 
Dodd & Co. merchants, 19, Broad-chare 
Dodd Edwd. merchant (Dodd & Co.); ho. 

27, Ryehill 
Podd Hannah, dressmaker, 25, Villa-place 
Dodd James, rope and twine maker, Ar- 

thur's-hill 
Dodd J. Ct, & Co. Northumberland Glass 

Works, Foilh-banks 
Dodd J. G. glass mnfr. (J. G. Dodd & Co.); 

ho. Eyehill 
Dodd Thomas, corn factor, 14, Sandhill; 

ho. Claremont-place, Gateshead 
Dodd Walter, victualler, IvyHonse, Stepney- 
held 
Dodd Wm. bookseller, 45, Bigg Market 
Dodds Aan, dressmaker, Canada-street 
Dodds Christopher, prov. dealer; Queen-st 
Dodds Edward, butcher, Byker-hill 
Dodds Forster, lessee of Baths, Northum- 
berland-street 
Dodds George, coffee roaster and mustard 

manufacturer, 87, Pilgrim- street 
Dodds Rev. Geo. (Presbyterian) 39, Car- 

liol-street 
Dodds Mrs. Jane, 6, Mansfield-street 
Dodds John, builder, Bath-terrace, Seots- 

wood-road 
Dodds John, vict. Masons Arms Inn, 16, 

West Buckingham-street 
Dodds John, grocer, 27, Sandhill 
Dodds Margaret, dealer in sundries, 12, 

Bell's-court 
Dodds Matthew Stephenson, printer and 

stationer, 34, Quay ; ho. Gateshead Low 

Fell 
Dodds Ralph, plasterer. Park-place 
Dodds Robert, agent, 4, Saville-court 
Dodds Thomas, butcher, 114. New Market; 

ho. 15, Northumberland-court 
Dodds Thomas, gentleman, 20, Elswick 

East-terrace 
Dodds Thomas, printer, 61, Grey-street 
Dodds WllHam, grocer, Blagdon-street 
Dodds William, grocer, 30, Gibson-street 
Dodshon William, commercial traveller, 1, 

Oxford-street 
Dodaworth F. & W. booksellers, 33, Colling- 

wood-street 
Dodsworth Frederick, bookseller (F & W. 

Dodsworth); ho. 48, Eldon-street 
Dodsworth William, bookseller (F. & W. 

Dodsworth); ho. 48, Eldon-street 
Doeg & Skelton, timber merchants, &c. 12, 

Broad-chare 



Doeg William, timber merchant (Doeg & 

Skelon); ho. 10, Eldon-place 
Doig WiUi am, carver, Clarence-street; ho. 

Tyne-street 
Don David, merchant, 58, Quay ; ho. 23, 

Picton-place 
Donald Adam Elphinston, watchmaker, 54, 

Grey-street; ho. Gibson-street 
Donald James watchmaker (Donald & 

Son); ho. 15, St. James-street 
Donald John L. watchmaker (Donald & 

Son) ; ho. 9, Terrace-place 
Donald Mrs. Margrret, 12, Terrace-place 
Donald and Son, watchmaker, 80, Grey-st. 
Donaldson David, cooper, Stockbridge ; ho. 

Pandon-bank 
Donaldson Henry, oj)tician and surgical in- 
strument maker, 67, Grey-street; ho. 

12, Ridley-villas 
Donaldson Henry, sand miller, Stepney 
Donalson, Richard, manager of the Patent 

Ballast Works, Byker 
Donkin Bryan, cowkeeper, Back-lane 
Donkin David, iron founder^ whitesmith, bell 

hanger, weighing machine, scale beam, 

&c. manufacturer, 28, High Friar-street; 

ho, 5, Percy-street 
Donkin Edward, stamp office ; ho. 50, 

Shield-street 
Donkin Henry, builder. New Bridge-street; 

ho. 12, Camden-street 
Donkin John, vict. Plough Inn, 72, Percy st 
Donkin Robert, bookseller, Elswick-lane 
Donkin Robert, river pilot, Wilhngton-quay 
Donkin Sml, laceman, &c. 145, Pilgiim-st. ; 

ho. 5, Percy-street 
Donnison Francis & Thomas, machinists, 

&c. Orchard-street 
Donnison Francis, machinist, &c. (F. &T. 

Dunnison); ho. 40, Forth-street 
Donnison Frederick, agent, Clavering-place 
Donnison WilHam, marine store dealer, 

Cowgate 
Dotchin Samuel, master mariner, Shield-st 
Dotchin Thos, cabinetmaker, 77, Pilgrim-st 
Doubleday Thomas, registrar of births, &c. 

for St. Andr. 16, Ridley-place ; and sec. 

to Coal Trade ; office, Mosley-street 
Doughty Robert H. coal titter, 39, Quay ; 

ho. 33, Richmond-street 
Doughty James, currier, 1, Denton-ehare 
Doughty John, vict. Prudhoe Castle, Carliol- 

street 
Douglas James, agent, 14, Wesley-street, 

Shieldfield 
Douglas James, provision denier, Sandgate 
Douglas James, rope maker, New mills 



248 



DIKECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-TJPON-TTNE. 



Douglas John, glass merchant, 21, West- 
gate-street 
Douglas Mary, glover, 21, Westgate-street 
Douglas Thomas, joiner, cabinetmaker and 

furniture broker, 18, Buxton-street 
Douglas Wm. beer retailer, Forth-terrace 
Douglass Edw. boot mkr. 100 E. Clayton st 
Douglass Geo. cabinet mkr. 14, Cloth-mrkt 
Douglass Isab. tchr. 9, St. Nicholas' ch.yd. 
Douglass John, provision dealer, Queen-st. 
Douglass J. & W. drapers, 12, Albion-st 
Douglass William A. clerk, Argyle-place 
Dove Geo. plumber, &c. 2, Northumberld-st 
Dove Mrs. Hannah, 2, Warwick-place 
Dove Thos. solicitor, 2, Northumberld-st; 

ho. 1, Wai wick-place 
Dove Thomas, agent, 5, York-street 
Dover Carlton, butcher, Ouseburn bridge 
Dover Matthew, shop keeper, St. Peters 
Dow John, grocer, 24, Gibson-street 
Dowey John, boot maker, 52, Grainger-st; 

ho. 4, Angus's-court 
Downie Hry. & Co. chemists, 44, Sandhill 
Downing Benoni, grocer, 1 Bridge-end; 

ho. 5, Lancaster- street 
Downing Edward, dentist, 9, Northumber- 
land-street 
Downing Eichard, dentist, 9, Eldon square 
Downs Joshua, builder and bricklayer, and 
beerhouse, 6, Strawberry-place, and 
Leazes-lane, Gallow-gate 
Dowse George, butcher, 114, Percy-street 
Dowse John, butcher, 23, Pitt street 
Dransfield John, draper & tailor, 54, Grey- 
street ; ho. 9, Leazes-crescent 
Dreaden Jno. hvery stbls. 35, Low Eriar-st 
Drew Joseph, provision dealer, Leazes-road 
Drewry and Eichardson, stock and share 

brokers, 50, Dean-street 
Drewry Jonathan, stock and share broker 
(Drewry & Eichadrdson) ; ho. 8, Summer- 
hill-grove 
Drury John Cooper, hosier (Hill &Drury); 

ho. 18, Dean-street 
Dry William, baker, 39, Broad-chare 
Dryden Hy. candle mnf. 83, W. Clayton-st. 
Dryden Jno. cabinet mkr. 45, W. Clayton-st 
Dryden John & Co. commission agents, 9, 

Tx'inity-chare 
Dryden John, comm. agent (J. Dryden & 

Co.); ho. Cramerdykes, Gateshead 
Dryden Wm. vict. Black Bull Lin, Union-st 
Dryden WiUiam, vict. Lord Nelson, East 

Bahast Mills 
Drysdale Eobert, grocer and flour dealer, 
67, George-street, and 44, and 46, Wa- 
terloo-street 



Duffin John, provision dealer, Manor-chare, 

and George-street 
Duffy James, clothes dealer. Low Bridge 
Dugan Charles, vict. Dog Inn, St. Peter's 
Dukes Michael, shipowner, 1, Hood-street, 

Sandyford-lane 
Duncan Jas. draper, 12, Marlbro'-crescent 
Duncan Eobert, bootmaker, 87, Pilgrim-st 
Duncan Eev. Thos. D. (Presbyterian), 11, 

Lovaine crescent 
Duncan Wm. hairdresser, Westgate 
Dunford Thos. hair seating mnfr. (Laidlaw 

(fc Co.) ; ho. Clavering-place 
Dunlop George, cooper, 24, Close ; ho. 8, 

George-street 
Dunlop James, stonemason and general 

builder, 25, Simpson-street 
Dunlop Wm.. furniture brkr. 32, Pilgrim-st 
Dunlop William, gent. Strawberry-place 
Dunn Chas. wharfinger (Clark & Dunn); 

ho. 4, West- street, Gateshead 
Dunn Cuthbert, painter, 7, Sunderland-st 
Dunn Miss Elizabeth, 23, Eldon-square 
DunnGeorge, agent, 6, West H-nde-st 
Dunn Henry, brewer, Old Market-lane 
Dunn Henry, painter, Old Market-lane; ho. 

8, Lovaine-terrace 
Dunn Misses H. & M. 15, Eldoh-place 
Dunn John, vict. Black Boy Inn, Groat- 
market 
Dunn John, coal depot, Eed barns ; ho. 5, 

Union-row 
Dunn John, hosier, 1, Bath-terrace 
Dunn John, auctioneer, &c. (Pattinson and 

Dunn) ; ho. 8, Stamfordham-place 
Dunn Joseph, agent, 4§, Pilgrim-street; 

ho. 2, Caraden-street 
Dunn Lawson, rope mnfr. 4, Broad-chare ; 

ho. Byker-field 
Dunn Mai'gt. confectioner, 29, Percy-st 
Dunn Martin, barrister. Arcade; ho. 38, 

Leazes-terrace 
Dunn Matthias, inspector of mines, 8, St. 

Mary's-place 
Dunn Ebt. Twizzell, butcher, 130, Pilgrim-st 
Dunn Thos. nail manufr. Saville-court 
Dunn 'SVm. publican, 1, Bath terrace 
Dunn William, vict. Marlborough Lin, 22, 

Marlborough-street 
Dunn Wm. provision dlr. Brandling village 
Dunn Wm. solicitor, 54, Pilgrim-st; ho. 

Bath house, Bath-lane 
Dunn W. A. & Co. drapers. Market-street 
Dunn Wm. Alder, draper (W. A. Dunn & 

Co.); ho. 3, Victoria-terrace 
Dunn Wm. C. butcher, 86, New-market, 

and ] 0, Westmoreland-street 



! 



BIRECTOEY OF KEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



249 



Dunn William C. butcher, 19 and 21, West- 
moreland-st, and 57, Blenheim-street 

Dunne, John, chief of poUce, Chief Police 
Office, Manors ; ho. 30, Oxford-street 

Dunning Wm. cabinet maker, Westgate ; 
ho. 3, Bath-lane 

Dutton Mr. Saml. 38, Northumberland-st 

Duxfield Misses H. & M. 5, Lovaine-row 

EASTEN Thos. smith, Tyne-street 
Easton James, joiner, &c. Dog-bank 
Easton John, tailor, Scaife's-court 
Easton Mark, tailor, 24, Market-street; ho. 

45, Shield-street 
Edgar James, furni. broker, 180, Pilgrim-st 
Edgar Thos. draper, 00, Westmoreland-ter 
Edgcome James, surgeon, 94, Pilgrim-st 
Edgcome John Treeve, sohcr. 17, Eldon sq 
Edgcome Mrs. Jane, 34, Northumberld.-st 
Edmond Adam, vict. Old Rohin Hood Inn, 

27, Pilgrim- street 
Edmondson Ealph, grocer & chemist, By- 

ker-bar 
Egan Eev. Henry Wm. B.A. curate of St. An- 
drew's, 4, Albion-street 
Eggleston & Co. sail cloth manufacturers, 

Lime-street 
Eggleston Jonah, sailcloth manufacturer, 

(J. Eggleston& Co.) ; ho. 43, Howard-st 
EichholtzKobt. mrcht. (G. Schmalz &Co.) ; 

ho. 49, Leazes-terrace ' 
Eghnton Wm. chief transfer clerk, Central- 
station 
EiGHToN Mode & Team Coal Office, 

Spicer-lane 
Eldon Mary, lodgings. East Parade 
Elder Thomas, tailor. Grinding chare 
Elder Thomas, prov. importer (Featherston 

and Elder) ; ho. 18, Leazes-terrace 
Elderson John & W. tin plate workers, 149, 

Pilgrim-street 
Ellenger P. & Co. trunk manufacturers, 38, 

Grainger-street ; ho. 58, Eldon-stveet 
EHot George, draper (Thorburn & Eliot); 

ho. 6, Eorth-lane 
Elliot Henry, homoepathic surgeon, 13, 

Northumberland-street 
Elliot Henry, flint manufter. Ouseburn and 

Heaton Flint Mills 
Elliot H. flint grinder, Low Heaton 
Elliot John, greengrocer, 193, New Market; 

ho. Bigg Market 
Elhot Ninian, tailor, 34, West Clayton-st 
Elliot Wm. surgeon, 31, Newgate-street 
Elliott Andw. forem. coach bldr. Princess-st 
Elliott Ann, toy dealer, New Market ; ho. 

Sandgate New-road 

q3 



Elliott Ann, register office for servants, 5, 

Thornton-street 
Elliott Geo. Crown Inn, 8, Westgate street 
Elliott Charles, draper, 11, Scotswood-road 
Elliott Edward, plumber, brass founder, gas 
titter, & copper smith, 7, Pudding-chare; 
ho. 19, Westgate -street 
Elliott Frances, vict. Duhe ofNorthumher- 

land Inn, Carliol-square 
Elliott Geo. plumber, ttc. Eorth-banks 
Elliott Hannah, beer retailer, Byker-bank 
Elliott Henry, spirit mrcht, 39, High Brdg 
Elliott J. &■ Son, whitesmiths, bell hangers, 
weighing machine, and scale beam manu- 
facturers, LowFriar-st; ho.46,Newgate-st 
Elliott James, tailor, 47, Groat Market 
Elliott Jas. soda water mannfter. 8, West- 
gate-street; ho. 19, Villa-place 
Elliott John, provision dealer, Carr-street 
Elliott Jas. chem. ( Swan Walker & Co.); ho. 

48, Pilgrim-street 
Elliott Jane, lodging house, 44, Blackett-st 
Elliott Jane, cow keeper, Abinger-street 
Elliott John, jun. shipbroker (Stamford 

and Elliott); ho. 1, Victoria-terrace 
Elliott John, agent, 3, Summerhill Grove 
Elliott John, builder, 2, Wharncliflfe-street 
Elliott John, fruitei'er, Westgate-hill 
Elliott John, coal fitter, Trinity-chare, Quay; 

ho. East Howden 
Elliott John, assistant to the clerk of the 
peace. Moot Hall ; ho. Cumberland -row 
Elliott John, furniture broker, Forth-bauks 
Elliott N. tailor, 34, West Clayton-street 
Elliott Kobinson, artist, 42, Grey-street • 
ElUott Peter, grocer and prov. dealer, 21, 

Marlborough-street 
Elliott Eobt. pawnbroker, 17, Side ; ho. 6, 

Copland-place 
Elliott Sarah, lodgings, 21, Northmberld-st 
Elliott Thos. bnilder, Elwick's-lane 
Elliott Wm. grocer, Douglas-terrace 
Elhott Wm. tailor, 70, West Clayton-street 
Elhott Wm. agent, 112, Pilgiim-street 
Ellis Agnes, school, Higham-place 
Ellis Annie, school mistress, St. John's In- 
fant School, Bath lane; ho. Jesmond 
Ellis & Henderson, plumbers and brass 

founders, Erick-street 
Ellis Henry, plumber, &c. (Ellis & Hender- 
son); ho. 8, Erick-street 
Ellis Eobt. prov. dealer, 12, Butcher-bank 
Ellison Geo. lodgings, 3, Lisle-sti-eet 
Ellison Henry, agent, ho. Prospect-place 
Ellison Jas. provi. dealer 28, Butcher-bank 
Ellison John and Wm. braziers, 157, Pil- 
grim- street; ho. Chimney-mills 



^56 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Ellison Margt. pro\'ision dealer, 3, Marl- 
borough-crescent 
Ellison Matilda, milliner, 111, Pilgrim-st; 

ho. Chiraney-mills 
Ellison Peregrine Geo. solicitor, Arcade; 

ho. St. James, Barras Bridge 
Ellison Wm. agent, 24, Cumberland-row 
Elphinstone Jas. flour dlr. &c. 2, Gallow-gate 
Eltringham John, confec. 23, W, Clayton-st 
Eltringham'\Vm.gentleman,13,Brandling-pl 
Eltringham Wm. prov. dlr. 2, Elswick-lane 
Elti'ingham Yv'm. brewer, Castlegarth, and 

beerhouse, Leazes-road 
Emanuel Le^vis, outfitter & tobacjonist, 16, 

Dean-street 
Erableton and Elhson, milliners. Sec. 12, 

Duke-street 
Embleton Dennis, physcn. 64, Northrald-st 
Emery Geo. cabinet mkr. ; ho. 12, Picton-pl 
Emley Thomas, bank clerk, 16, Lovaine-ter 
Emmerson John, agent, Carliol-square 
Emmerson Joseph, agent, 89, Blenheim-st 
Emmerson Robt. vict. Sun Inn, 94, Newgate- 
street 
Emmerson Stephen, tailor, 6, Albion-place 
Emmerson Thos.land agent,8. West parade 
Emmerson Wm. provision dealer, Railway 

street 
Emmett William, butcher, Elswick 
Emslie Hannah and Catherine, seminary, 

27, Leazes terrace 
Engledow Louisa, fancy and wax flower 

repository, 39, Grain ger-street 
English John, optician &c. 20, Grey-street; 

ho. 13, St. Mary's-place 
English Matthew, agent, 4, Blenheim-st 
Eno Elizb. provision dealer. Barrack-square 
Eno Jas. Crossley, chemist, Groat-market; 

ho. Ptyehill-street 
Eno John, agent, Morrison-terrace 
Erichsen H. G. merchant (Hunter and 

Erichsen) ; ho. Yictoria-place 
Errington Edward, seedsman and sack and 

twine maker, 47, Groat-market 
Errington George, sub-inspector of police. 

Police-station, Prudhoe-street 
Erskine, John, agent, 52, Westmoreland-ter 
Eskuche C. F. merchant, 19, Quay; ho. 7, 

Elswick-villas 
Everatt Alfred, stationer, 82, Newgate-st 
Everatt Eev. James, (Wesleyan) 4, St. 

Thomas's crescent 
Evitt John, provision dlr. 91, Blenheim-st 
Ewart George, auctioneer, St. James'-st 
Ewbank Michl. ship broker. Three Indian 

Kings' court; ho. 23, Shield-st 
Ewbank WiUiam A. agent, Wesley-street 



Eyton John, corn merchant (Langdale and 
Eyton) ; ho. 3, Simpson-street 

FAIR Jno. planemaker (T. Hall & Co.); 

ho. 10, Pitt-street 
Fairbairn Henry, agent, 7, St. Nicholas's 

church yard 
Fairbairn Jane, 97, Blenheim -street 
Fairbairn John, wine and spirit merchant 

(Monkhouse, Anderson, & Fairbairn); 

ho. 40, Northumberland-street 
Fairbairn Robert builder, Sandj'f. rd-lane 
Fairbridge Wm. house agnt. 80, Newgate-st 
Faire Robt. boot maker, 28, Sandhill; ho. 

21, Howard-street 
Fairlamb Cpher. cheesemonger, 76, West 

Clayton-st; ho. 7, Westgate-hill-terrace 
Fairlamb John, Cumberland House Inn, 

Peel- street 
Fairless John, coal merchant, (J. Fairless 

and Co.); ho. Bensham-ter. Gateshead 
Fairless Jonathan, coal merchant, (J. Fair- 
less & Co.); ho. Ravensworth- terrace, 

Gateshead 
Fairless Joseph & Co. coal merchants, Forth 

banks 
Fairless Joseph, coal merchant, (J. Fair- 
less & Co.) ; ho. Bensham cot. Gateshead 
Fairless Jos. marine store dlr. E. Ballast hills 
Fairley Robt. provision dealer, 10, Erick-st 
Fairs Jos. chemist, 2 & 3, Newgate-street ; 

ho. 2, Rye hill 
Fairs Robt. vict. Nag's Head Inn, Sandgate 
Fail-weather John, chemist, 69, Pilgrim-st 
Fairweather Thos. teacher, 42, Westgate st 
Fairweather Turnbull, watch mkr. 66, Quay 
Falconar John, agent, 9, Sunderland-st 
Falconar John Brunton, newspaper prop. 

(J. Blackwellcfe Co. & Fletcher, Falconar, 

& Co.); ho. Picton-place 
Falconar John Brunton, jun., solicitor, 

(Fenwicks& Falconar) ; ho. Picton house. 

New Bridge- street 
Falcus Agnes, eating house, Sandgate 
Falcus Allan, fruiterer, 90, Pilgrim-street 
Falcus Jno. relieving officer for Long Benton 

and Wallsend, Walker Mill 
Fallaw Thos. flour dealer, 22, Williarast 
Fallaw Wm. flour merchant, 34, Pilgrim' 

street ; ho. 41, Yilla place 
Famelton Michael, manager of passenger 

department. Manor Station ; ho. Croft-st 
Farley Steph. L.timbermerchant (RennokU 

son & Farley) ; ho. 24, Oxford-street 
Farmer George, agent, Plummerst 
Farrage W. and Son, fishing tackle manu- 
facturers ; ho. 6, Collingwood-street 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



S51 



Fai-rage James, shipowner, 20, Simpson-st 
Farrago Eobt. lishing tackle mauufacturer 

(Farrage ct Son); bo. Leazes-creseent 
FaiTage Wra. fishing tackle ruqnufactiu'er 

(Farrage & Son); bo. Leazes-creseent 
Fan-ar ]iliss Jane, 18, St. James'-street 
FaiTen John, bookseller, 8, Mosley-street ; 

ho. Eldon-street 
Fariier Eobt, vict. BricMayers^ Anns Inn, 

Stepney bank 
Farthing Jas. cabinet mkr. 31, Blackett-st 
Faulder Jeffrey, gentleman, 2, Lovaine ter 
Faulkner Francis, cabinet mkr. 79, Percy-st 
Fawcett Isabella & Margaret, milliners, 34, 

Blandford-street 
Fawcett J. & J. tallow chandlers, 27, Bigg 

market 
Fawcett John, tallow chandler (J, & J. 

Fawcett) ; ho. 27, Bigg Market 
Fawcett Joseph, tallow chandler (J. & J. 

Fawcett) ; ho. 8, Erick-street 
Fawcett Joseph, provision dh\ Trafalgar-st 
Fawcitt Thos. surveyor of taxes for Newcastle 

and Tindale Ward, 12, St. Mary's ter 
Fawcus Mr. E. F., 2, Higham-place 
Fawcns, Wm. hosier, Elswick lane 
Fawdon Henry and Son, shoe makers, 49, 

Dean-street 
Fawdon Henry, shoemaker (Fawdon & 

Son) ; ho. Yilla-place 
Fawdon George shoemaker (Fawdon & 

Sod) ; ho. Elswick-terrace 
Fearney Ann, shopkeeper, St. John's-lane 
Fearney Edw. butcher, 1, Albion-st; ho. 

109, Percy-street 
Fearney Niels, brazier, &c. 63, Blackett-st; 

ho. Ellison-terrace 
Featherston Ann, prov. importer (Feather- 

ston & Elder) ; ho. Walker-terrace, 

Gateshead. 
Featherston & Elder, x)roTision importers, 

5] , Quay 
Featherstone Eobt. prov. dlr. Scotswood-rd 
Featherstonhaugh Henry, surgeon, New 

Bridge-street 
Fell Eobt. & Co. sharebkrs, 35, Broad-chare 
Fell Eobert, sharebroker, (E. Fell & Co.) ; 

ho. 26, Elswick-row 
Fell Mrs. Sarah, ho. 2, Eegent-terrace 
Fell Thomas & Co. earthenware manufac- 
turers, St. Peter's 
Felloe John F. butcher, 43, New Market; 

ho. Abinger-street 
Fenton John, carpet warehouse, 22, Mos- 

ley-st. ; ho. 16, Elswick-row 
Fenwick Benjamin, draper, 28, Bayley-st 
Fenwick Cuthbert, gentleman, 5, Eldon-pl 



Fenwick Edw, Emerson, wine & spt. mrcht. 

43, West Clayton-st. ; ho. 4, Eyehill-st 
Fenwick Geo. butcher, 162, New Market ; 

ho. 51, Westmoreland-terrace 
Fenwick George, banker (W, H, Lambton 

& Co.) ; ho. Low Gosforth 
Fenwick George John, banker (W. H. 

Lambton & Co.) ; ho. 10, Northumber- 
land-street 
Fenwick Henry Wm. solicitor, 8, Bigg 

Market ; ho. Tynemouth 
Fenwick James, prov. dealer, Mansiield-st 
Fenwick John, agent, 8, Shakspere-st. ; ho. 

Lamesley 
Fenwick John, branch post-office, Byker-bk 
Fenwick John, vict. Butchers^ Arms Inn, 

New-road 
Fenwick John & Son, dyers, 52, Pilgrim- st. 

and 58, Westgate-street 
Fenwick John, dyer, 58, Westgate-street 
Fenwick John George, agent, 63, Eldon-st 
Fenwick Lancelot, glasscutter, 77, Pil- 
grim-street ; ho. Westgate-street 
Fenwick Mrs. Percival, 16, High Clare- 

mont-place 
Fenwick Mrs. Sarah, 1, St. James-street 
Fenwick Thos. banker (W. H. Lambton 

& Co.) ; ho. Southhill, Durham 
Fenwicks & Falconar, solicitors, 38, West 

Clayton-street 
Fenwicks John, solicitor (Fenwicks and 

Falconar) ho. Ellison-place 
Fenwicks John C. solicitor (Fenwicks and 

Falconar) ; ho. Ellison-place 
Ferguson Daniel, builder, 5, Plumraer-st 
Ferguson Francis, tailor, 27, Sunderland-st 
Ferguson James, vict. Pear Tree Inn, and 

gardener, Jesmond 
Ferguson James, flour dealer, 15, Percj^-st.' 

ho. Brandling-place 
Ferguson Eobert, whitesmith, St. Niclio- 

las's-square 
Ferguson Thomas Wm. grocer (Aydon & 

Ferguson) ; 26, Shieldfield-green 
Ferguson W^. cheesemngr. 39, Grainger-st.; 

ho. 18, Sunderland-street 
Ferrer John, joiner, 4, Tindal-street 
Fife George, physician, 7, Saville-row 
Fife Joseph Bainbridge, sui'geon (Sir John. 

W. H. & J. B. Fife) ; ho. Hood-street 
Fife Sir John, W. H. & J. B. sui'geons, 

Hood-street 
Fife Sir John, surgeon (Sir John, W. H. & 

J. B. Fife) ; ho. Hood street 
Fife Wm. Henry, surgeon (Sir John, W.H. 

& J. B. Fife) ; ho. Summer-hill House 
Findlay John, agent, 23, Blandford-street 



S53 



DIRECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE- 



Findley John, brick mnfr. St. Ann's, Eed 

Barns, and Low Elswick, clerk of St. 

John's, and registrar of births and deaths, 

1, Sumner- street 

Finlay Ehzabeth wine merchant (Finlay & 

Scott) ; ho. 47, Bigg Market 
Finlay J. Harrop, tobacconist, 21, Colhng- 

"wood-street 
Finlay & Scott, wine merchants, &c. 47, 

Bigg Market 
Finlay Thomas, hairdresser, Nun's-gate ; 

ho. 30, Scotswood-road 
Finley Jas. master mariner, Mansfield-st 
Pinney Edward, comml. trav. 5, Bayley-st 
Finney Sml.ctCo. nurserymen & seedsmen, 
46, Groat Market, & at High-st. Gateshd. 
Finney Thos. surgeon, &c. Manor House, 

Newburn 
Finnie Adam, provision dealer, Oyster- 
shell-lane 
Finnigan James, feather dealer, 37. Side 
Finnigan Owen, clothes dlr. Butcher-bank, 

and 14, Dog-bank 
Finnigan Thos. dealer, in old clothes. Den- 
ton-chare 
Fisher Dorothy Isab. dressmaker, 44, 

Stowell-street 
Fisher Edward, fruiterer, 68, Quay, and at 

8, Grainger-street 
Fisher Isab. funeral furnisher, 44, Stowell-st 
Fisher James, eating house, 50, High Bridge 
Fisher John, tailor, 16, George- street 
Fisher Saml. chimney sweeper, Castle -sq 
Fisher Wm. Geo. agent, 14, Cottenham-st 
Fittes John, tal. chand. 6, Low Friar-st.; 

ho. Elswick-lane 
Fitzimmons Ann, dlr. in sund. Back -lane 
Fleming Edward, prov. dlr. 8, Churchill-st 
Fleming Ed. grocer (Johnson & Fleming) ; 

ho. 3, North Parade 
Fleming John, solicitor to the Freight and 
Demurring Association, Newcastle, and 
agent to the Life Association of Scotland, 
52, Westgate- street 
Fleming Walter, baker, 12, Leazes-road 
Fleming Walter, tobacconist, 5, Nun-street ; 

ho. Leazes-lane 
Fletcher, Falconar & Co. paper manufactrs. 

Scotswood 
Fletcher George, coUiery viewer, Spital 

Tongues 
Fletcher James, bank cashier, 58, West- 
moreland-terrace 
Fletcher Jon. agent, 15, Elswick East-ter 
Fletcher Eobert, brewer, Hanover-square 
Fletcher Thos. paper mnfr. (Fletcher, Fal- 
conar and Co.) ; ho. Bavensworth-terrace 



Fleteher T. B. agent; ho. Swinburn- place 
Fletcher Thomas and Co. marine store 

dealer, 5, New Quay 
Fleteher Thomas, marine store dealer, 

(Thomas Fletcher & Co.) ; ho. 6, High 

Swinbum-place 
Flintoff Thomas, mustard manufacturers, 

and coifee roasters, 5, Westgate -street 
Floody James, vict. the DocJc House Inn, 

Swirle, North-shore 
Floor E. T. merchant, 41, Quayside 
Flocker Elizabeth, provision, dealer, 11, 

Buckingham-street 
Foggin Mrs. Ann, Spring-sti'eet 
Foggin and Co. dyers, 79, Pilgrim-street 
Foggin Ehzabeth, cowkeeper, 38, Stowell-st 
Foggin James, butcher, 2, Sandgate 
Foggin Eobert, wireworker (Foggin and 

Signey); ho. Green court 
Foggin & Signey, wire workers, High-brdg 
Foggin Thomas, butcher, Carlton-street 
Foggin Timothy, prov. dlr. 92, Newgate-st 
Foggin William & Co. watch glass manfrs 

Manor- street 
Foggin WilUam, watch glass manufactm'er 

(Foggin and Co.) ; ho. Jesmond 
Foggin WiRiam, joiner. Green-court; ho. 

38, Stowell-street 
Foggin Wra. fruiterer, 28, West Clayton-st 
Foote Wm. brush manufacturer, 46, Percy-st 
Fop Jas. H. fancy repository, 83, Pilgrim st 
Foran Eev. Eobt. (Catholic) 73, Pilgrim-st 
Forbes John, collector for Whittle Dean 

Water Company, 9, Yilla-place 
Forbes Robert, baker, 8, Nun-street 
Ford Charles, vict. Portland Arms Inn, 

Sandgate 
Ford JMicbael, vict. King's Head Arms, 

1, Marl borough-street 
Fordyce Wilham, printer, bookseller and 

stationer, 58, Pilgrim-street 
Foreman George, mourning warehouse, 17, 

Grey-street ; ho. 11, West-parade 
Foreman John, vict. Lord Stowell Inn, 

3, Nelson-street 
Foreman Thos. Grainger Hotel, Grainger-st 
Forrest Elleanor, provision dlr. Eailway-st 
Forrest Joseph, blacking and ink manufac- 
turer, Orchard-sttreet 
Forrest Eobert, provision dealer, Cowgate 
Forster Ann, stationer, etc. (Forster & 

Hara) ; ho. 29, Westmoreland-terrace 
Forster Anthony, shopkeeper, St. Peter's 
Forster Collingwood, mercht. Three Indian 

Kings'-court 
Forster Cuthbert, cartwright, West Bland- 
ford-street 



WEECTORY OF NEWOASTLE-UPOK-TYNE. 



353 



Forster Edward K. grocer, &c. 3, Dean-st 

and 3, Nun-street 
Forster Edward, cooper, 27, Bigg Market 
Forster Edwd. furniture broker, 24, Westgt 
Forster Frances, dressmkr. 7, Blenheim-st 
Forster George, butcher, 172, New Market; 

ho. 27, Percy-street 
Forster George joiner, 4, Tindal-street 
Forster George, solicitor, clerk to guardians, 

and supt. registrar, Clavering-place ; ho. 

2, Greenfield-place 
Forster Hannah, milliner, 69, West Clay- 
ton-street 
Forster & Hara, stationers and hopmrchts 

26, Side 
Forster Henry, prov. dealer, 22, Pudding-ch 
Forster & Holmes, ship brokers and coal 

fitters. Three Indian Kings'-court 
Forster James, com. merchant,Three Indian 

Kings'-court ; St. Thomas-crescent 
Forster James, draper, (Scott & Forster); 1 

Hedley-street 
Forster John, cart proprietor. Old Carlisle 

goods station ; ho. Hinde-street 
Forster John, gentleman, 6, Wesley-terrace 
Forster John, provision dealer, 24, St, 

John's-lane 
Forster Jos. teacher, of St. John's National 

School, Sunderland-street 
Forster John, tailor, 17, Grainger-street 
Forster John, watchmaker, 39, Broad-chare 
Forster J. Errington, surgeon, 19, Union-st 
Forster Jonathan Langstaff, solicitor (M. & 

J. L. Forster) ; ho, 10, St. James-street 
Forster M. & J. L. solicitors, 80, Grey-st 
Forster Matthew, solicitor (M. & J. L. 

Forster) ; ho. 10, St. James-street 
Forster Matt, police inspectr. 23, Stowell-st 
Forster Robert, salmon fisherman & farmer, 

Newburn 
Forster Stephen, prov. dealer, Judson-place 
Forster Thomas, agent, 16, Westgate-street 
Forster Thomas, tailor, 87, Pilgrim-street 
Forster Thomas E. viewer, 7, Ellison-place 
Forster Wm. bootmaker, 1, Castle-garth 
Forster Wm. cabinet maker. Dog-bank 
Forster Wm. cart proprietor, 6, Stowell-st 
Forster Wm. gentleman, Rennoldson-court, 

Newgate-street 
Forster Wm. Charlton, painter, 27, Bigg 

Market ; ho. 48, Northumberland-street 
Forster W. T. butcher, 22, New Market ; 

ho. St. Martin's-court 
Forsey Jno. pegbootmkr. 5, East Clayton- st 
Forsyth Js, beer retailer, Churchill-street 
Forsyth Lewis, slater, 82, Pilgrim-st. ; ho. 

Argyle-place 



Forsyth Susan, 82, Pilgrim-street 
Forsyth Thos. corn inspctr. Elhson-terrace 
Foster James, lead manufactr. &c. (Locke, 

Blackett, & Co.) ; ho. 18, Ryehill 
Foster John, manufacturing chemist, (H. L. 

Pattinson & Co.) ; ho. 39, llyehill 
Foss J. H. fancy repository, 93, West 

Clayton-street 
Fothergill Mrs. Elizabeth, 10, West Parade 
Fothergill Isabella, register ofiice for ser- 
vants, 70, Percy-street 
Fothergill John, agent, 10, West Parade 
Fothergill Robt. Swan, pawnbroker, New-rd 
Fothergill Robt. T. com. mrcht. & broker, 

1, Butcher-bank; ho. 10, West Parade 
Fothergill William, innkeeper and builder, 

&c. Masons' Arms Inn, Arthur's Hill 
Fox Alfred, furrier, 21, Grey-street, and 15, 

St. John's-lane 
Fox Thomas, dealer in oil paintings, 6, 

Westgate-street 
Frame James, chimney sweeper, Castle-sq 
France & Co. bookbinders, 106, Side 
France Peter & Co. news agents, 8, Side 
France Peter, news agent (P. France &Co.) 

ho. 32, Sandhill 
Franklin William Edward, bookseller, sta- 
tioner, and news agent, Central Railway 
Station, and at the other stations of the 
York, Newcastle, and Berwick Railway, 
and 14, Royal Arcade 
Eraser Alex. comm. agent, 35, Broad- chare 
Eraser Hugh, solictor, 24, Dean-st. ; ho. 12, 

Els wick-row 
Eraser James, plumber, &c. 27, Bigg Mkt.; 

and beerhouse. Spring Garden-terrace 
Eraser John, agent, 18, Elswick East-terrace 
Eraser Mary, dealer in sundries, 4, Cross-st 
Frazer Donald, clerk. Cutter's field 
Frater Mark, assessor of taxes, 50, Grain- 
ger-street ; ho. Leazes-teiTace 
Freeman George, bank agent, 5, Claremont- 

place 
Freeman Isaac, grocer and draper, Lime-st 
Freeman Patk, miller and farmer, Ouseburn 

Bridge ; ho. High Heaton 
Freeman Sarah & Ann Misses, 17, Cumber- 
land-row 
French Edward, eating-house 37, Groat 

Market 
French Hat Company, hatters, corner of 

Newgate-street, and West Clayton-street 
French Thomas Veitch, watch maker, 141, 

Pilgrim-street 
Friar Mrs. A. L. M. 3, St. Thomas'-square 
Friar Jane, butcher, Saudgate ; ho. Chat- 
ham-place 



Q54 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Frizel Wm. cowkpr, 16, Spring Garden-ter. 
Frost & Co. general cartraen and porters, 

60, Quayside 
Frost John, manure manfr. St. Lawrence 
Froud G-eo. com. traveller, 8, Brandling-pl 
Fryer Jane, greengrocer, 231, New Market 
Fryer John, bread and biscuit baker, 6, 
Sunderland-straet, and 1, Temiile-street 
Fryer Eobt. joiner, Bell's-yard, Pilgrim-st 
Fulbam "W'illiam, cowkeeper, Leazes-lane, 

Gallow-gate 
Fuller Ann, dealer in sundiies, 25, Oyster- 
shell lane 
Fuller Marj^ beer retailer, 75, Elswick-st 
Fulton Eobert, vict. Meters' Arms Lin, 5, 

Butcher-bank 
Fulton Eobert, ship builder, Nelson-street, 

North Shore ; ho. 19, Stepney terrace 
Furness Thos. A. surgeon, 11, Percy-street 
Furness Wm. provision dealer, Blagdon-st 

GALLEY Isab. provision dh\ Gosforth-st 
Gallon Edw. watch gl. mnfr, 38, Newgate st 
Gallon Ellis^ & Margaret, watch glass mfrs. 

20, Westgate-street 
Gallon J. E. watch glass raanufr. 20, Cloth 

Market ; ho. 19, Nun-street 
Gallon John, bootmaker, Westgate ; ho. 

West Blandford-street 
Gallon John, cart proprietor, Fenwick's- 

entry, Quay ; ho. Butcher-bank 
Gallon John, jun. ship smith, and nail and 

chain manufacturer, Blue Anchor-chare; 

ho. 55, Gibson-street 
Gallon John, sen. smith, Clarence-st. ; ho. 

17, Carlton-street, Shieldfield 
Gallon Eobert, flour dealer, 33, Bigg Mkt. ; 

ho. 42, Gallow-gate 
Gallon Wm. confectioner, Elswick-lane 
Gallon Wm. miller, 11, Cottenham -street 
Gallon Wm. smith, Brewery-bank, Ouseburn 
Gallon Wm. watch gl. mnfr. 58, Newgate-st 
Galloway Mrs. Elizabeth, 3, Leazes-place 
Galloway John, nail manufacturer, 3, West- 

gate-s'treet ; ho. 54, Leazes terrace 
Galloway Thos. vict. Jack Tar Inn, New Qy 
Galloway Thomas, flour merchant, &c. 73, 

West Clayton-st. ; ho. 3, Leazes-place 
Galloway Wm. nail maker, ho. Elswick Cot 
Galloway Wm. & Co.nailmnfrs. 37,Foith-st 
Gamsby George, assistant overseer for the 

township of Westgate ; office 22, West 

Blandford-st. ; ho. 7, Eosemary-lane 
Garbutt Thos. commercial traveller, 1, 

Leazes crescent 
Gardiner Jas. innkeeper, The Times Inn, 

Westgate -hill 



Gardner Andrew, chemist, 21, Westgate; 

ho. Summerhill 
Gardner Andrew, dlr. in yeast, 3, Hedley-pl 
Gardner Geo. provision dlr. Scotswood-road 
Gardner Joseph, fruiterer, Lime street 
Gardner Mark, vict. Elephant and Fish Inn, 

3, Sandhill 
Gardner Michael, boot maker, 41, Colling- 

wood-street 
Garnett Joseph, chemist, 1, Side 
Garret John, pawnbroker, St. John's lane ; 
Garrod Mrs. Elizb. 12, Hewgill-terrace 

ho. 92, Blandford-street 
Garven John, teacher, 1, William-street 
Gaul John, leather-seller. Queen-street; ho. 

Hanover-square 
Geddie John, agent, Carliolstreet 
Gee Andrew, shopkeeper, 7, Gallow-gate 
Gee Eichard Hill, gentleman, 18, Percy-st 
Geekie Alexander, cattle salesman, 15 Marl- 
borough-crescent 
Geipel & Co. mrchts. Eewcastle-ehare, Quay 
Geipel William, merchant (Geipel & Co.); 

ho. 29, Leazes-terrace 
Geldard George C. vict. Hexham House Inn, 

Forth-place 
Geldard John, wine merchant fGeldard & 

Scott); South Ben well House 
Geldard & Scott, wine merchts, 1, Manor- st 
Gell George, shipping broker, &c. New-quay; 

ho. 7, Eichmoud-street 
Gent Francis, grocer, 32, Market street 
Gething Samuel Uuprey, com. narcht. 21, 
Dean-st. ; ho. 40, Westmoreland-terrace 
Gibb Clias. John, house surgeon, Infirmary 
Gibb Ehzabeth, fruiterer, 4, Sandhill 
Gibb George, teacher, 109, Percy-street 
Gibb George, tailor, East Ballast-hills 
Gibb Joseph, surgeon, Tyne-street 
Gibbeson John, butcher, 6, Postern 
Gibbon Ebenezer, cooper, 78, Percy-street 

ho. Yiue-lane 
Gibson Andrew, inspr. of scavengers. Friars 
Gibson Ann, bonnet maker, 113, Perc3'-st 
Gibson Chas. M.D. surgeon, 6, W. Clayton-st 
Gibson Charles Septimus, chemist, 40, Mos- 

lev-street; ho. 2, Burdon-place 
Gibson David, salt dealer, 39, Sandhill; ho. 

15, St. James-street 
Gibson Mrs. Dorothy, 45, Eldon-street 
Gibson Geo. boot mla-, 3, Castle-gaith stairs 
Gibson Geo. butcher, Marlborough-st. ; ho. 

Elswick East-terrace 
Gibson Geo. cowkeeper, Gallow-gate 
Gibson Geo. gentleman. Chimney-mills 
Gibson Geo. grocer, &c. 32, Low Friar-st 
Gibson Geo. A. proY. dir. 32, Northmbrld-st 



DIEECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



255 



Gibson Geo. Tallentire, solicitor, Bankbuild- 

ings, Mosley-street ; lio. Pandon House 
Gibson Geo. Thirkeld, asst. oversr. tfevestiy 
clerk to St. Nicholas' parish, 16, St. Nicho- 
las' ch. yd.; ho. 5, Melbourne-st, Gatehd 
Gibson G. T. house agency office, Mel- 
bourne-street 
Gibson Henry, livery stable keeper, -i, Pud- 
ding-chare 
Gibson James, bootmaker, 30, Blackett-st. ; 

ho. 7, Hall's-court 
Gibson James, fruiterer, Westgate-hill 
Gibson James, prov. dealer, Els wick-street 
Gibson Jas. supdt. for Kiver Commisioners 

Minden-street 
Gibson Jas. contractor & biiilder (Wilson 

and Gibson); ho. New Bridge-street 
Gibson Jas. cabinet maker, High Friar-lane; 

ho. Marlborough -street 
Gibson Jane, grocer. Heron-street 
Gibson John, furniture brkr. Westgate-hill 
Gibson John, hosier, 30, Grey-st. &28, East 

Clayton-st. ; ho. Highara-place 
Gibson John, keeper of Castle, Hanover-ter 
Gibson John, painter. High Eriar-lane; 

ho. 49, Westmoreland-terrace 
Gibson John, provision dlr. Judson place 
Gibson John C. butcher, 44, New Market, 

and 3, Marlborough-street 
Gibson John & Joseph, glass stainers, 89, 

West Clayton-street 
Gibson John, glass stainer (J. & J. Gib- 
son); ho. 1, Leazes-terrace 
Gibson Joseph, glass stainer (J. & J. Gib- 
son); ho. Marshall's-court 
Gibson Mark Hall, engraver, 15, Bigg Mar- 
ket; ho. Kenton 
Gibson Nicholas, news agent. New Bridge-st 
Gibson Mr. Philip, 15, Villa-place 
Gibson Eobert, joiner, house carpenter, and 
builder, Churchhill-cottages, Blenheim -st 
Gibson Eobert, agent, 37, Eichmond-street 
Gibson Eobert, boarding house, 5, Nun-st 
Gibson Eoddom, beerhouse, Eorth-terrace 
Gibson & Son, boot & shoe mkrs, 103, Side 
Gibson & Stewart, stone-masons, Green-ct 
Gibson & Son, agricultural implement mkrs. 

Gallow-gate; ho. Wellington terrace 
Gibson Taylor & Co. chemists, 15, Bigg Mkt 
Gibson Thos. civil engineer, 48, Westgate-st; 

ho. 17, Eldon-street 
Gibson Thomas,fiuiterer, 5, Lower Buxton- 

street ; ho. 8, Eichmond-street 
Gibson Thos. tailor, 60, Pilgrim-street 
Gibson Thomas, butcher, Byker-hill 
Gibson Walter, beer house, 21, Nun-st; 
and builder, 17, Cloth-market 



Gibson William, cowkeeper, Gallowgate 
Gibson Wm. S. barrister, 5, E. George-st 
Gibson William, cartman, Minden-sti-eet 
Gibson William, stonemason (Gibson and 

Stewart); ho. 3, Minden-street 
Gibson Wm. shoemaker, St. Martin's-court 
Gilbert John, printer, &c. Arcade; ho. 8, 

Buxton-r.treet 
Gilchrist James L. surgeon, 68, Pilgrim-st 
Gilchrist Jno. provision dlr. 33, Blenheim-st 
Gilchrist John Green, sail cloth mnfr. 39, 

Quay; ho. Byker cottage 
Giles Wm. chemist and druggist, 104, Side 
Gilhespy James, cowkeeper, 4(3, Stowell-st 
Gilhespy John (Stott & Co.) ; ho. 10, Sum- 

merhill-terrace 
Gill Mrs. Jane, 6, Nixon-street 
Gill Eobert, tin plate worker, &c. Clarence 

street ; ho. High-street, G ateshead 
Gill Wm. draper, 81, West Clayton-street 
Gillespie Eobt. gent. 20, Brandling-ialace 
Gilli Mary Ann, vict. Three Tuns, 70, New- 
gate-street 
Gilhes Jas. mstr. mariner, 7, Ellison-ter 
Gilmore Mary, lodgings, 18, Leazes-terrace 
Gilmour Jas. Thompson, builder, Westgate 

Hill 
Gilpin Benjamin, porter mercht. (J. Gilpin 

& Son) ; ho. 52, Pilgrim-street 
Gilpin Hy. & Co. auctioneers, 33, Market-st 
Gilpin Henry, auctioneer (Henry Gilpin & 

Co.); ho. 2, South parade 
Gilpin James & Co. porter merchants, 52, 

Pilgrim-street 
Gilpin Jas. & Son, chemists, 53, Pilgrim-st 
Gilpin James, porter merchant (James Gil- 
pin & Son); ho. 52, Pilgrim-street 
Gilpin Js. & Co. cork cutters, 52, Pilgrim-st 
Gilpin Wm. & Co. cabinet mkrs. 5, Lisle-st 
Gilroy John, vict. Newcastle Arms Inn, 
and leather pipe & belt manfr. Carliol-sq 
(7ilroy John I. boot maker, 9, Edwai'd-st 
Gilroy James (successor to the late Timothy 
Gilroy), leather pipe and belt manufac- 
turer. Queen-street, near the High Level 
Bridge 
Gills Mrs. dressmaker. High Wesley-street 
Gilly John, tailor, 73, Blandford-st 
Girvin Jos. paper stainer, 25, Market-st 
Gisburne Eobt. stationer, 15, Saville-ro^Y 
Gladhill John, agent, 7, Albert-terrace 
Glaholm Edw. tallow ch. 4, Pudding-chare 
Glaholm James & Son, plumbers, brass 
founders «fc copper smiths. Manor Chare 
Works 
Glaholm John, miller, 77, Close ; ho. Mul- 
grave -terrace, Gateshead 



256 



DIEECTOEY OF KEWCASTLE-UPO^•-TY^'E. 



Glaliolm Jas. plumber, &c. (J. Glaholm & 

Son); ho. 32, Melbourne-street 
Glaholm Robert, plumber. Sec. (J. Glabolm 

& Son) ; bo. 32, Melbourne-street 
Glaister George, butcher, 70, Northumber- 
land-street 
Glass Eobt. beadle, Gallow-gate 
Gledson Wm. hair dresser, 73, Northum- 

berland-st; ho. 2, Yine-lane 
Glendinning John, clothier, 2, Black-gate ; 

ho. Hinde-street 
Glendinning Lydia, dressmaker, &c. 20, 

Blandford-street 
Glendinning Thos. bootmaker. New road 
Glenton F. Tvine and spirit merchant, 10, 

Close ; ho. Bensham 
Glenton Jos. Metcalfe, engraver, 21, Grev- 
st ; ho. 13, Mulgrave-terrace, Gateshead 
Glover Eobt. Mortimer, M.D. Westgate-st 
Glover AVm. land agent, 46, Westgate-st 
Glynn Edwai'd, solicitor (Laws Sc Glynn); 

ho. 1, St. Ann's-row 
Gl}-nn Henry, gentleman, 1, St. Ann"s-row 
Goddard Danl. Haill, sub-agent Branch 

Bank of England, 12, Grey-st 
Goepp Theodore, French Consul, 73, Grey- 
street ; ho. 13, Leazes-terrace 
Goldie Thomas, iron and tin plate worker, 

and gas titter, Saint Ann's-st. Sandgate 
Goldsmith Wm, mstr. mariner, Argyle-ter 
Gombert Joseph Adria,profsr. of languages, 

5, Princess-street 

Good James,plain and ornamental plasterer, 

cementer and stucco worker, &c. 42, 

Churchill-street 

Goodall Alfred, bankacnt. Woodbine cottg. 

Goodall John, chemist, Stockbr. ; ho. 10, 

Woodbine-terrace, Gateshead 
Goodbau'n John, glover, 4, High-bridge 
Goodburn James, butcher, 46, Prudhoe-st 
Goodlad Eichd. & Co. paper stainers, 15, 

West Clayton-st. and Thornton-st 
Goolden Chas. shoemaker, 7, Nun-street 
Gordon A. straw bonnet maker, Temple-st 
Gordon Jas. Tyne Asphalte Co. 15, Grey-st 
Gordon John, butcher, Hare-street, Scots- 
wood-road 
Gordon Eobt. provision dealer, Elswick 
Gomall Ellen, prov. dlr. Westmoreland-ln 
Gorringe Thos. vict. Shahspeare Tavern, 

53, Grey street 
Gottschalk Isidore, plush cloth importer, 

Carliol- street 
Gould Sam. provis. dealer, 25, Prudhoe-st. 
Gow Jane, shop keeper, Byker-bank 
Gowan Eobert, sohcitor, 50, Dean-st; ho. 
19, Eldon-place 



Gowland Chas. plane mkr. 51, Groat-mkt; 

ho. 11, Elswick East terrace 
Gowland Elizth. chemist, 27, E. Clayton-st 
Gowland John, provision dlr. 2, Bath-ter 
Grace Edwd. land agent, 2, Drury-lane ; ho. 

Byker-hill 
Graham Amelia, reg. office for servants, 65, 

Blackett-st 
Graham Andrew, provision dlr. 71, Side 
Graham A. & G. furniture brokers, 22, 

Blackett-street 
Graham Christopher, vict.. Black Bull Inn, 

Forth banks 
Graham Edmund, wharfinger, (Nichol, 

Ludlow, & Co.) ; ho. Cotfield House, 

Bensham, Gateshead 
Graham Elizb. prov. dlr. 88, Percy-street 
Graham Francis, marine store dlr. Tyne-st 
Graham Jas. hair dresser, 63^ Close; ho. 

66 Forth-banks 
Graham James, whitesmith, Forth-banks ; 

ho. Duke-street 
Graham Jane, provision dealer, Close 
Graham John, farmer, Jesmoud 
Graham John, cabinetmaker, 186,Pilgrim- 

sti'eet 
Graham John, tobacconist, 18, Bigg Market; 

ho. 9, Wellington-terrace 
Graham Joseph, builder, joiner and cabinet 

maker, 16, Albion-street 
Graham, Margret, \ict. Green Tree, 17, 

Prudhoe-street 
Graham Mary, dealer in sundries, Painter- 

heugh 
Graham Eobert, agent, Mon-ison-terrace 
Graham Sarah, pawnbroker, New-road 
Graham T. shoemaker, Gallow-gate 
Graham T. vict. Moulders Arms Tavern 

Churchill-street 
Graham Thomas, vict. Boat Inn, Ouse-st 
Graham Thomas, bootmaker, 5, Gallow-gate 
Graham William, vict. Cumberland House 

Inn, Denton-chare 
Graham William, organ builder, piano forte 

manufacturer and tuner, Portland-place, 

New Bridge-street 
Graham William, stone mason, Byker-hill 
Grahamsley James, tailor, 25, Castle-garth 
Grainger Eichard, builder ; office 9, and ho. 

5, Clayton-street, West 
Grant Alexander, provision dealer, 14, High 

Friar-street 
Grant Emily, professor of singing, 53, 

Leazes-terrace 
Grant James, billiard rooms, 27, Market-st 
Grant James gentleman, 53, Leazes-terrace 
Grant James Fred, agent, 35, Howard-st 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



237 



Grant Thomas, stationer, Shield-street 
Grant Simpson, tailor, 11, Blandford-street 
Grantham Joseph, builder, bricklayer, and 

vict. Albion Inn, New-road 
Gray Alex. Geo. merchant (Gray & Crow) 

Close ; ho. 4, Jesmond High-ten-ace 
Gray Alex. George, jun. Friars'-goose 
Gray Andrew & Co. merchants, 1 Butcher- 
bank 
Gray Andrew, merchant, & alkali manuftr. 

(A. Gray & Co.) ; ho. Newlands, Belford 
Gray Catherine, provision dealer, 44, Head 

of the Side ; ho. St. Nicholas's churchyard 
Gray & Crow, alkali manufacturers, Close 
Gray David, tailor, 18, Grain ger-street 
Gray George, ship broker, 51, Quay; ho. 

Eyehill 
Gray John, basket maker, 89, New Market 
Gray John, vict. Turf and Salutation Inn, 

14, Westgate-street 
Gray John, vict. Sun Inn, Claremont-street 
Gray John Brough, basket mkr. 5, Back-lane 
Gray Mary, vict. Prince of Orange Inn, 

9, Side 
Gray Ruth, lodgings, 98, Blandford-street 
Gray Thos. Adelphi Temperance Hotel, 12, 

West Clayton-street 
Gray Thos. tobacco manufactr. 59, Grey-st; 

ho. 1, High Bridge 
Gray Wm. dlr. in grindery, 37, Newgate-st 
Gray "\Vm. hatter, 3, King street 
Gray Wm. John, ship, &c. brkr. (J. Shield, 

Son, & Co.); Wallsend 
Grey Benjamin, Notary Public, 75, Quayside; 

ho. Team House 
Grey Chas. shipbroker, Quay; ho. East 

Elswick-terrace 
Grey Dorothy, lodgings, 11, Blackett-street 
Grey George, assist, overseer, Trafalgar-st 
Grey Gilbert, corporation weigh master; 

ho. Wesley-street 
Grey Hannah, lodgings, Carliol-street 
Grey Jacob, gentleman, 55, Westmoreld.-ter 
Grey J. tailor, Eegent-street 
Grey J. B. & Co. commission merchants, 

38, Broad-chare 
Grey John Bacon, commission merchant, 

(J. B. Grey, & Co.); ho. 0, Carlton-place 
Grey Joseph, (Representatives of) sawing, 

planing, patent desiccating works, and 

veneer mill, 59, Newgate street 
Grey Joseph, (Representatives of ), builders. 

&c. 10, Percy-st.; ho. 18, Ridley -place 
Grey Mary Ann, hosier, &c. 59, Pilgrim-st; 

ho. 8, Trafalgar-street 
Grey Matthew, bootmaker, 75, West Clay- 
ton-street 

K 



Grey Ralph, hosier (Buckham & Grey); 

ho. 46, Carliol-street 
Grey Thos. teacher, Trinity House School, 

Trinity-chare 
Grey Wm. John & Son, shipbrkrs, 75, Quay 
Grearson Thos. vict. Bee Hive I7^7^, Union-st 
Greaves Jolm, grocer, 9, Grainger-street ; 

ho. East Clayton-street 
Green Ann, straw hat maker, 4, Carliol-st 
Green Aubone, marine store dlr. Carlton-st 
Green Benjamin, architect, 3, Arcade ; ho. 

Tynemouth 
Green George, baker, Gl, Blackett-street 
Green George, printer, 99, Side ; ho. 2, East 

Wesley-street 
Green Margt. dressmaker, 13, Stowell-street 
Green John, architect, 64, Grey-street; ho. 

24, Ridley-place 
Green John, jun. architect, 22, Ridley-place 
Green John, builder, Byker hill 
Green John, provision dealer, Leazes-road 
Green Josephus, S. surgeon, 81, Percy-st 
Green Josiah, watchmaker, 11, Newgate-st; 

ho. 32, Blandford-street 
Green Mrs. Margaret, 7, Albion-place 
Green Mrs. school, 179, Pilgrim-street 
Green Robt. Yeoman, solictr. 34, Mosley-st ; 

ho. 55, Northumberland-street 
Green Rev. Robt. 55, Northumberland- st 
Green Saml. tailor. Crown-yard, Westgate 
Green Rev. T. R. incumbent of IByker 
Green Wm. butcher, W'estgate-hill 
Green Wm. provis. dlr. Low Swinburue-pl 
Greene J. & Co. soap mnfrs. New-road 
Greene John, soap manufacturer (J. Green 

& Co.); ho. Rodsley House, Gateshead 
Greener John, provision dealer, Cowgate 
Greener John, pi'ovis. dlr. 73, Westgate-st 
Greener Jos. cart propr. E. Ballast-hills 
Greener Robert, marine store dealer, 331, 

Butcher-bank ; ho. William-st. Arthur's 

Hill 
Greener Thos. vict. Cock Inn, St. Nicholas's 

square 
Groenhow Henry H. surgeon, 28, Eldon-sq 
Greenhow Thomas Michael, surgeon, 18, 

Blackett-street 
Greenwell & Son, ship brokers, &c. Rew- 

castle-chare 
Greenwell Geo. gentleman, 8, Edward-st 
Greenwell Geo. clock maker, Hall's-court, 

Newgate-st ; ho. 3, Low Swinburne-place 
Greenwell Johnson, vict. Bricklayers' Arms 

Inn, 7, Buckingham-sti'eet 
Greenwell Robert, vict. Albion Inn, 93, 

Newgate-street 
Greenwell Thos. school, 7, Thomtou-st 



258 



DIEEOTORy OF isIEWCASTLE-UPON-TYXE. 



Greenwell Rev. William, M.A. principal of 

Ne^dlle hall, 2, Leazes-terrace 
Greenwell Johnson, junr. butcher, C, Buck- 
in gh am- st 
Greenwell W. N. & Sons, ship brokers, 

Eewcastle-chare 
Green\YeinVm. Nicholas shipbroker ("W.N. 

Greenwell & Sons) ; Shieklfield-green 
Greenwell AYiUiam Nicholas, junr. ship- 
broker, (W. N. Greenwell it Sons); ho. 
13, Shieldfield-green 
Gregg James, iron founder (R. Wjlie & 

Co.); ]io. 12, Park-street, Gateshead 
Gregg Jas. brush mnf. Dean-court 
Gregson Thomas, tailor, 7, Waterloo street 
Gi'egson Thos. watch mkr.4, Coliingwood-st; 

ho. 8, Upper Buxton-st 
Gregson Thos. Lesslie, surgeon, 13, West 

gate-street 
Greshara Thos. butcher, 158, New-market, 

and 19, Pitt street 
Gribbin Francis, vict. Brandy Butt Tavern, 

13, Side 
Grieve Ann, dressmaker, 60, W. Clayton- st 
Grieves, Ehz. shopkeeper, 171, Pilgrim-st 
Grieves Robert, joiner, 5, Edward-street 
Grieves Thos, &Son, painters, 91, Pilgrim-st 
Grieves Thos. painter (T. Grieves & Son) ; 

ho. 91, Pilgrim-street 
Grieves Thos. junr. painter (T. Grieves & 

Son) ; ho. 91, Pilgrim-street 
Grieves William, baker. Spring-street 
Grieveson Wm. French polisher, Dog-bank 
Griffin Samuel, tailor, 6, Brunswick-place 
Griffith & Crighton, solicitors. Arcade 
Griffith Chas. solicitor (Griffith & Crigh- 
ton); ho. 27, Eldon-square 
Griffiths Edw. sen. gentl. 14, Bi'andling-pl 
Griffiths Ed. jun. solicitor, Bank Buildings, 

Mosley-st; ho. 14, Brandhng-place 
Griffiths Thos. vict. Sliip Inn, St. Anthony's 
Grigg Jas. ironfounder (R. Wylie & Co.); 

ho. Sv/an-street, Gateshead 
Gross F. A. merchant, &c. 2, Sandhill ; ho. 

33, East Parade 
GroVes Edward, hair dresser, St. Peters 
Grubb Ann, school, 15, Westmoreland- st 
Grubb H. dressmaker, Gibson-street 
Grundon Robert, vict. Lamb Inn, Tyne-st 
Grundon Thomas, vict. Hope and Anchor 

Inn, Clarence-street 
Guise Mrs. Maria, 16, Thomas-street 
Gunn & Munro, paper rirs. &c. 29, Sand-h 
Gunn Alexr. confectioner, 59, Westgate-st 
Gustard Ralph, provision dealer, Byker-bar 
Guthrie Andw. provision dealer, Carlton-st 
Guthrie Hannah, dressmaker, Erick-streefc 



Guthrie Jas. accountant, 27, Dean-street ; 
ho. Hutt-street, Gateshead 

Guthrie Michael, shoemaker, 76, West- 
gate-street 

Guthrie Thos. sailmaker, Colvin's-chare ; 
ho. 46, Blackett-street 

Guthrie Wm. baker, 2, Waterloo-st 

Guthrie Wm. jun. professional reporter, 27, 
Dean-street ; ho. 4, Stepney-terrace 

■HAANSBERGEN Wm. John Van, mrcht. 

58, Quay ; ho. Leazes terrace 
Haekworth Mrs. Ann, 6 Ryehill-street 
Hackworrh Prudence, vict. Grey Bidl Inn, 

Cowgate 
Haekworth Wm. vict. Painters' Arms Inn, 

8, Lisle-street 
Haddock Yv^m, cowkeeper, Cross-house, 

Gallow-gate 
Hadfield Jas. turnkey at jail, 9, Picton-ter 
Haggle R. H. & Co. rope mnfrs. Willington; 

warehouse, Broad-chare, & North Shields 
Haigh Thos. Assembly Rooms, Westgate-st 
Hails Henry, provision dealer, 1, Bath-lane 
Hails Rosina, beer retlr. 104, E. Clayton-st 
Hails Wm. fringe mnfr. 31, Grainger-st 
Hails Wm. miller, Ousest; ho. Bath-lane; 

shop, 25, Nevv'gate-street and Pilgrim-st 
Hails Wm. provision dealer, 169, Pilgrim-st 
Hair G. R. & Co. grocers, 9, Grainger-st 
Hair Geo. Robson, grocer (G. R. Hair & 

Co.); ho. Russell-terrace 
Hair John, hardwareman, New Market ; 

ho. Barras-court 
Hair John & C. shipbrokers, 21, Quay 
Hair J. & J. shipbuilders, timber merchants, 

and sa»v mills, St. Peter's Quay 
Hair John, ship builder, &c. (J. & J. Hair); 

ho. Rye hill 
Hair J. & Co. timber mrchts. St. Peters qy 
Hair Jos. timber merchant (J. Hair & Co.); 

ho. 16, Ridley-villas 
Hair Jos. ship builder, &c. (J. & J. Hair); ho. 

18, Ridley-villas 
Halbert James, vict. White House, 86, 

Pilgrim -street 
Hall Alex, cabinet-maker, Tyne-street 
Hall Alfred, lead merchant, 3, Forth-lane 
Hall Ann & Son, smiths, 6, Thornton-st 
Hall Anthony, superint. of locomotives on 

Newcastle & Carlisle railway, George-st 
Hall Bartholomew, picture frame maker, 

75, Pilgrim-street 
Hall Cath. Jane, teacher, 4, Howard-street 
Hall Cath. lodgings, Northumberland-court 
Hall & Co. shawl warehousemen, 22, Grey- 
street ; ho. Oswald Cottage 



BIEECTOKY OF NEWCASTLE-UPOX-TYNE. 



259 



Hall Ed^Yal•tl, solicitor (Hall & Eidley) ; 

ho. 2, St. ^lai'y's-terrace 
Hall Elizabeth, grocer and provision dealer, 

and hosier, 13, George-street 
Hall George, hairdresser, 06, Northumber- 

land-st. ; ho. IS, Nixon-street 
Hall George, yict. Flummers' Arms Inn, 

Ouse-street 
Hall Geo. prov. dlr. East Els-ivick-terrace 
Hall George, vrhitesmith, 20, Nevvgate-st, ; 

ho. 18, Spring Garden-terraco 
Hall Geo. L. vict. Nelson Inn, Trafalgar-st 
Hall Grace, provision dealer, 5,Thornton-st 
Hall & Holloway, drapers and tailors, Gl, 

Grej'-street 
Hall Jane, provision dealer, Temple-street 
Hall James, butcher, 15-1, New Market ; ho. 

11, Wellington-street 
Hall John, agent, 107, Blenheim-street 
Hall Jobn, blacksmiih, 2, Oak's-place 
Hall John, coal agent, South Eisvdck Col- 
liery, near Nevrcastle 
Hall John & Co. com. merchants, 11, Quay 
Hall John, corn merchant, 8, Sandhill ; ho. 

Jesraond-dean House 
Hall John, gentleman, 26, Brandling- place 
Hall John, gentleman, 15, John-street 
Hall John, innkeeper and house carpenter, 

Old Bolpliin Inn, ;37, Close 
Hall John, maltster, Manor-street ; ho. 

Jesmond-dean 
Hall John, timber mrchnt, 2, Broad-chare ; 

ho. 75, Pilgrim- street 
Hall John, cabinet maker, 108, Percy-st 
Hall John, brick and tile manufacturer (J. 

& W. Hall) ; ho. Byker-buildings 
Hall John & Y.^illiam, brick and tile manu- 
facturers, B nil a St hills 
Hall Joseph, fruit merchant, 22, Nun-street 
Hall Mary, cowkeeper, 5, Gallov/-gate 
Hall Mrs. Mary, 35, Eldon-street 
Hall Matt, cart proprietor, 5, G allow-gate 
Hall Menzies, draper, 42, Quay ; ho. 53, 

Barras Bridge 
Hall Ralph, tailor, 20, Spring Garden-terr 
Hall Ealph, tailor, 8, King-street 
Plall & Eidley, solicitors, -15, Pilgrim-street 
Hall Eobert, whitesmith, -11, Scotch Arms- 
yard; ho. Oak's-place 
Hall & Son, builders, Hindhaugh street 
Hall Mr. T. Blagdon-street 
Hall Thomas, com. agent, 113, Side; ho. 

York-street 
Hall Thos. dairyman, Nixon's-pl. Percy-st 
Plall Thos. joiner, 1, Pawdon-dean-terrace 
Hall Thos. furniture broker, 33, Pilgrim- st 
Hall Thos. Y. coalowner, 11, Eldon-sciuare 



Hall Thomas draper, &c. (Hall & Hollo- 
way) ; G, St. Thomas's-terrace 

Hall Thomas, ironmonger i^Robson and 
Hall); ho. 3, Mosley-street 

Hall T. & Co. planemakers, 39, Bigg Mkt. 

Hall Thos. planemaker (T. Hall & Son) ; 
ho. Oakes-place 

Hall WiUiarn, brick and tile manufacturer 
(J. & W. Hall) ; ho. Byker-bar 

Hall Wm. beer retailer and seedsman, 17, 
Blenheim-street 

Hall Vv'ra. builder (H:all & Son) ; Hind- 
liaugli st 

Hall Yv^m. boot and shoo warehouse, and 
furrier, 9, Blackett-street 

Hall Wm. smith (A. liall & Son) ; Thorn- 
ton-street 

Hall "Wm. provision dealer. Shield-street 

Hall Wm. ]"jrov. dealer, 15, Marlborough-st 

Hall Yv'm. turner, 83, New^gate-street 

Hall Y'm. carver, gilder, cfcc. (B. Hall & 
Son) ; ho. 75, Pilgrim-street 

Hall Yv^iUiam, innkeeper and fire brick ma- 
nufacturer. The Waggon Inn, 42, Close ; 
Fire Brick Y'orks, at Beil's-close 

Hall Wm. beerhouse, Blagdon-street 

Hall YN^m. John, builder (Hall& Son) ; ho. 
PI i n dh au gh- s tr e et 

Hall YVm. Yfallacc, smith, G, Thornton-st 

Halland John, vict. JVhitoy Arms Inn, 28, 
Broad-chare 

Halliday George, vict. Nag's Head Inn, 20, 
Nun-street 

Plalliday Geo, saddler, 12, Collingwood-st. ; 
ho. Clavering-place 

Halhday Geo. prov. dealer, Y^'est Hinde-st 

HalHday John, builder, Y/est Y/ all-cottages 

Halhday John, builder, joiner, cabinet 
rnaker, and innkeeper, Mulberry Inn, 
Thornton-street 

Halstead Eev. TIios. D., B,A. curate of St. 
Thomas's, 4, St. Thomas's-terrace 

Hambro Edward I. & Co. mrchts. 41, Quay 

Hambro Edward I. merchant (E. I. Ham- 
bro & Co.) ; ho. Benwell Park House 

Hambro John, merchant, (E.I. Hambro & 
Co.) ; ho. Benwell Park House 

Hamilton Alex, pipe mnfr. St. LavN'rence 

Hamilton John, hairdresser, 40, Bigg Mkt.; 
ho. 12, Bigg Market 

Hammond Cliarles Fred, shipbroker, 115, 
Side; ho. 20, Lovaine-place 

Hammond Edward, agent. Shield-street 

Ilampson tienry, commercial ti'aveller, 110, 
Blenheim-street 

Hampton John, French polisher, 10, 
Stowell-square 



260 



DIRECTOBY OF KEWCASTLE-UPON-TYKfi, 



Hancock Mrs. Jane. 4, St. Maiy's-terrace 

Hancock John, ironmonger (T. & J. Han- 
cock) ; ho. 4, St. Mary's-terrace 

Hancock Thomas, ironmonger (T. & J. 
Hancock) ; ho. 1, Waterloo-ter. Gateshd 

Hancock Thomas & John, ironmongers, 50, 
Sandhill 

Handysicle Ann, marine store dealer, East 
Ballast-hills 

Handyside Geo. hootmaker, 11, Dean st. ; 
ho, Berwick 

Hankin Daniel, dairyman, Gallow-gate 

Haukin Wm. dairyman, 3, Welhngton-sfc 

Hannah Andrew, draper, 41, New-gate st 

Hannah J. Sinclair, trav. draper, Green-ct 

Hannigan Eev. Thos. (Cathohc), 71, Pil- 
grim-street 

Hansen Peter, merchant, Fenwick's-entry ; 
ho. Goldspink-hall, Jesraond 

Hanzell George, m. mariner, Hood-street, 
Sandyford-lane 

Hara Thomas, stationer, &c. (Forster and 
Hara) ; ho. 8, Welhngton-terrace 

Harbottle Anthony, gro. 10, Bigg Market; 
ho. 8, Shield- street 

Harbottle John, draper, 70, Quay 

Harhovn Thomas, agent, 13, Blandford-st 

Hardcastle Wm. gentleman 4, Greeniield-pl 

Hardcastles & Co. floor cloth manufacturers, 
32, Bigg Market; ho. 10, East-parade 

Harcley Eehecca Mary, (successor to Mrs. 
Eogerson) tocher of millinery and dress- 
maldng by lessons ; and modeller of 
flowers in wax and leather by an improved 
process. Wax flower repository, 40, 
Collingwood-street 

Hardiman Wm. confectioner, 21, Grainger- 
street ; ho. 20, Nelson-street 

Harding James, vict. Hedley Arms Inn, 
Oystershell-lane 

Harding John, vict. Northumberland Arms 
Inn, Prudhoe street 

Harding Wm. J. shipbroker, Three Indian 
Kings'-court ; ho. 41, Cumberland-row 

Hardy Alexander, news agent, (tc. (P. 
France & Co.) ; ho. 32, Sandhill 

Hardy Andrew, cabinet maker and joiner, 
Manors ; ho. Prudhoe-court 

Hardy David, timber merchant (P. & D. 
Hardy) ; ho. Albert-terrace, Shieldfield 

Hardy Elizabeth, milliner, 21, Market-st 

Hardy George, H. timber merchant. Saw 
and Planing Mills, Stepney-field, New 
Bridge-street 

Hardy Jas. carver & gilder, 34, Grainger-st 

Hardy Jas. corn merchant, 94, Blenheim- 
street, Corn-lofts, Pudding-chare 



Hardy Peter & David, timber merchants, 

Manors 
Hardy Peter, timber merchant (P. and D. 

Hardy) ; ho. Albert -terrace, Shieldfield 
Hardy Wm. house carpenter, Stepney -lane ; 

ho. Pddley-street 
Hardy Ptobecca, vict. General Moore Inn, 

12. Spring Garden-tei'race 
Hare Jno. bookseller, &c. (Philipson and 

Hare^, 26, Mosely-street 
Hare William, joiner, Scotswood-road 
Harford Geo. canvas manufacturer, Gates- 
head ; ho. Eegent-terrace 
Hargrave Joseph, agent, Lawson street 
Harkus William, grocer and flour dealer, 

12, Buckingham-street 
Harland Jno. timber merchant, Thornton-st 
Harle Mrs. Ann, 4, Claremont-place 
Harle George, agent, 8, Lawson-street 
Harle John & Son, merchanis, 8, Quay 
Harle John merchant (J. Harle & Son) ; 

ho. 1, Queen-square 
Harle Joseph, merchant (J. Harle & Son); 

ho, 1, Queen-square 
Harle Wm. & Co, saw mills & timber yard, 

St, Lawrence ; office. Trinity Chambers 
Harle, Wm, timber merchant (W. Harle & 

Co.) ; ho, 2, Spital 
Harle Wm. sol. (Keenlyside and Harle);ho. 

II, Carlton-terrace 
Harle Wm, sol. Szc, (Hodge & Harle) ; ho. 

11, Carlton terrace 
Harle Wm. Lockey, attorney, 2, Butcher- 
bank; ho. Crow Hall, Gateshead 
Harper Benjamin, grocer and pro\ision 

dealer, Spital-tongues 
Harper David, drapr. 10, Sunderland-street 
Harper Henry, agent, C6, Westmoreland-ter 
Harper Thomas, agent, 14, Sunderland-st 
Harper Thomas, artist, 12, Brunswick-pl 
Harriet Thomas, grocer &c. 0, Gallow-gate 
Harriman WilHam, firebrick manufactui'er, 

No. 1, depot, Carlisle old station ; works, 

Blaydon ; ho. Bell's-close 
Harris Anthony, & Co. merchants, 32, Quay 
Harris Anthony merchant (A. Harris and 

Co.); ho. Middlesbro' 
Harris Eer. Geo. (Unitarian), Prospect- 
place, Shieldfield 
Harris John, tailor, 14, Yilla-place 
Harris Eobt. grocery and provision dealer,^ 

Silver-street 
Han-is Wm. furrier, 77, West- CI ay ton -st 
Harrison Adolphus P. & Co. merchants 

3, Broad-chare 
Harrison A. P. shipbroker; ho. I, Fram-| 

lington-place 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPOls-TYNE, 



S61 



Harrison Anthony, chemical broker and 

commission agent, 13, Arcade; ho. 28, 

East-parade 
Hcirrison Carr & Co. mrchnts. 32,Broad-ch 
HaiTison Cuthbert, tailor, 62, Grey-street ; 

ho. 57, Westmoreland-terrace 
Harrison Dorothy & George, butchers, 150, 

New Market 
Harrison Dorothy, butcher (D. and G. 

Harrison) ; ho. i, Leazes-crescent 
Harrison Eleanor, \ict. Blice Posts Inn, 153, 

Pilgrim-street 
Harrison Elizab. bonnet maker, Manor-ch 
Harrison Geo. butcher (D, & G. Harrison); 

ho. Carhol-street 
Harrison Henry, bookseller, New Market ; 

ho. 25, Nelson-street 
Harrison Henry, basketmaker, &c. (J. & H. 

Harrison) ; ho. 22, Ridley-villas 
Harrison Jas. bootmaker, 4, Castle Garth- 
stairs 
Harrison John, draper, 5, Westmoreland-st 
Harrison John, provision dealer, Manors 
HaiTison John, merchant (Harrison, Carr, 

& Co.) ; ho. 8, Shieldfield 
Hari-ison John, shipbroker; ho. South-par 
Harrison John, basketmaker, &c. (J. & H. 

Harrison); ho. 7, Melbourne-street, 

Gatesheshead 
Harrison John, and H. brush and basket 

makers, & general furnishing warehouse, 

31, Dean-street 
Harrison John, agent, Wilkie-street 
Harrison John Jefferson, jun. corn factor, 

29, Sandhill ; ho. 18, Elswick West-ter 
Harrison John T. M. professor of music, 14, 

Northumberland-court 
Harrison Joseph, cooper, New-quay ; ho. 

Eidley-villas 
Harrison Margaret, staw bonnet maker, 

Man or- chare 
Harrison Matthew, provision dealer, Erick- 

slreet 
Harrison Robert, tanner, Stepney-bank; 

ho. Ridley-villas 
Harrison Thomas, dealer in sundries, 17, 

High Bridge 
Harrison T. inspector. Ouseburn station ; 

ho. Cut-bank 
Harrison Thomas, basket maker, 22, Side ; 

ho. Denton chare 
HaiTison Thomas & Co. glass manufactrs. 

Northumberland Crown Glass Works, 

Lemington 
Hari'ison Thomas, crown glass manufactr. 

(Thomas Harrison & Co.); ho. Lemington 
Harrison Thos. basketmaker, 20, Nelson-st 



Harrison William, fruiterer, 54, Newgate-st 
Harrison William, lemonade manufacturer, 

23, St. John's-lane 
Harrison Wm. master mariner, Shield-st 
Hart Alexander, vict. Coach c0 Horses Inn, 

23, Blenheim-street 
Hart Henry, vict. Black Boy Inn, Byker- 

bank 
Hart John, master mariner, 2, Trafalgar-st 
Hartley Thomas, linen waste dealer. New- 
road ; ho. 40, Howard street 
Hartley Thomas, agent, 4, Market-street 
Harttree Abraham, grocer, &c., 2, Monk-st 
Harvey Henry, surgeon, 30, Newgate st 
Harvey J. & J. S. tobacco manufacturers, 

Head of Side 
Harvey James Samuel, tobacco manufac- 
turer, (J. & J. S. Harvey ) ; ho. Strawberry- 
place 
Harvey John, tobacco manufacturer, (J. & 

J. S. Harvey); ho. 10, Leazes -terrace 
Harvey Mrs. Margaret, Strawberry-place 
Harvey Nichol. F. master mariner, 3, 

Howard-street 
Harvey Thomas, manager, Mountain's-ct 
Harvey Wilham, grocer, Westgate-hill and 

Gateshead 
narrower Ellen, lodgings, 2, Northnmber- 

land-place 
Harwood Robert, beer retailer, St. Anthony's 
Hasker Mr. Thomas, Wesley-terrace 
Haslam Luke, Crystal Palace Hotel, Albert- 
terrace, George-street 
Hastie Adam, butcher. Duke-street 
Hastwell Robert, grocer, 1, Nun street; ho. 

34, Leazes-terrace 
Haswell Rev. Jno. P. (Wesleyan.) 33, Leazes- 

terrace 
Haswell William S. broker, 32, Quay ; ho. 

St. Edmund's-place, Gateshead 
Havelock Michael, merchant (A. Gray & 

Co.); ho. 6, St. Mary's-place 
Haver William, hosier, 93, West Clayton- 
street ; ho. 7, Howard-street 
Haves George, tailor, 24, Bigg Market 
Haves Thomas, tailor, St. Jobn's-laue 
Hawdon George, butcher, Hare-street 
Hawdon Joseph, ship and general smith, 

St. Lawrence 
Hawdon William, general smith, and kitchen 
range, &c. manufacturer, Churchill-cot- 
tages, Blenheim-street; ho. Duke-street 
Hawks Joseph, director of District Bank; 

ho. Jesniond 
Hawks Lady Hannah P. Clavering-place 
Hawksby Francis, butcher, 124, New Market 
and 10, Wellington-street 



269 



DIEECTOEY OF KEWCASTLE-UPOX-TYKE. 



Ila^y'ks'by George, butcher, Abinger -street 
Hawksby William, butcher, 24, New Market; 

ho. 34, Cumberland row 
Hawthorn Mrs. x\nnis, 23, East Eiswick- 

terrace 
Hawthorn John, surgeon, 7, Portland-place, 

New Bridge-street 
Hawthorn, Mrs. Margaret, Carliol-street 
Hawthorn Eobert, engineer, (R. & Y^. 

Hawthorn); ho: Elswick Lodge 
Hav.'thorn Eobert and William, engineers, 
_ Eorth bank 
Hawthorn William, engineer, (E. & W. 

Hawthorn); ho. Benwell Cottage 
Hay Charles William, teacher of drawing, 

0, Saville-court 
Hay David, yict. Neio Bridge Inn, 1, 

Argyle- street 
Hay David, provision dealer, 1, Adelaide- 
place ; ho. Trafalgar-street 
Hay Elizabeth, milliner, Carliol-street 
Hay Elizabeth and Henrietta, milliners and 

di^essmakers, Arthur's-hill 
Hay Emma P. stay and shoemaker, 44, 

Grain ger-street ; ho. Carliol-street 
Hay John, carver and gilder, 54. Grainger- 

street 
Hay John, frentleman, 24, Leazes -terrace 
Hay W. D. baker, 18 & 53, Quay ; ho. 6, 

C oili n g wo d-terr a c e , Gateshead 
Hay William, baker, grocer, flour and pro- 
vision dealer, 19, Arthur's-hill 
Hayes Thos. paper ruler, 7, Cloth Market 
Ha3'le Thomas, honiceopathic physician, 3, 

Jesm ond-terrace 
Hays James, master mariner, 15, William- 
street 
Hays Mary Ann, beerhouse, Argyle-street 
Haywood Jame^, woollen draxDor, Cloth 

Market ; ho. Old George-yard 
Hazen George, vict. Old Market Inn 
Headlam Charles, postmaster, Eoyal Arcade; 

ho. Nor th n mb erl a n d-str e et 
Headlam Miss Isabella, 5, Ellison-place 
Headlam Thos. Emmerson, M.D. 14, Nortli- 

umberland-sjreet 
Heads John, vet. surgeon, 3^'^, Pudding-ch 
Heads Eobert, agent; ho. St Peter's-quay 
Heads William, keel proprietor. Causey -bk 
Heald Joseph and Co. merchants, and ship 

and insurance brokers, 29, Quay 
Heald Joseph, merchant, &c. (J. Heald & 

Co.); ho. io, Leazes-terrace 
Heath Mrs. Elizabeth, Jesmond-place 
Heath George Yeoman, surgeon, 38, Market- 
street 
Pleath Heinwj surgeon^ 11 , Bigg Market 



Heath Thomas & Eraneis, com. agents, 42, 

Sandhill; ho. 5, Jesmond-place 
I-Ieaton Colliery Office, 28, Quay 
Heather James, butcher, 68, New Market; 

ho. Low Friar-street 
Hebbukn Colliery Office, 24, Quayside 
Hebron Thomas, secretary to the Gas Co. 

Arcade 
Hedley Ann milliner, 0, East Clayton-st 
Pledley Catherine, milliner, 15, William-st 
Hedley Elizb. vict. Three Bulls' Heads Inn, 

90, Percy-street 
Hedley Mrs. Elizabeth, 2, Marlborough-cres 
Hedley George coalowner (T. Hedley & 

Brothers); ho. Yv^'alker terrnce, Gateside 
Hedley James, grocer, 24, Hill-street 
Hedley Jas. mtrchant, 32, Broad-chare; 

ho. Portland-place 
Hedley Jolm H. vict. Half Moon Inn, 3, 

Bigg ]Market 
Hedley Mary, grocer, &c. Head of Side 
Hedley Michael, dealer in sundries, 14, 

Prudhoe-street 
Hedley Eobt. conimerl. traveller, 49, Villa-pl 
Hedley Sam.uel, commission merchant, and 

insurance agent, 48, Y>'estgate-st. and 6, 

Market-st. ; ho. North-terrace, L^pper 

Claremont 
Hedley Susan, dressmaker. Jessamine-place 
ELedley T. & Brothers, coal owners, Three 

Indian Kings' Court 
Hedley Thos. coal owner (T. Hedley and 

Brothers); ho. \Valker-terrace, Gateshead 
Hedley Thos. soap manufacturer (J.Greene 

& Co.); ho. New-road 
Hedley Thos. cabinet maker, Eldonlane, 

East; ho. 15, Blackett-street 
Hedley Thos. provision dealer, Nelson-st, 

North-shore 
Hedley Wm. coal owner (T. Hedley and 

Brothers); ho. Shafto House 
tiedley Yv^m. bootmaker, 10, Blenheim-st 
tiedley Ymi. cow keeper, Gallow-gate 
Hedley Y^m. provision dlr. Stepney-bank 
Hedley Y7m. butcher, 130, Pilgrim street 
Hedworth Yv^m. innkeeper. Close 
Heine Yv^endlin, clock mkr, 35, Blenheim-st 
Hemsley Thomas, innkeeper and brewer, 

Gi^een Tree Inn, ScotSAvood-road 
Helme Isabella, staymaker, 83, Side 
Hemy Henry Frederick, professor of music, 

30, Nothumberland-street 
Henderson Ann, clothes dealer, Dog-bank 
Henderson Ann, vict. ^larcjuis of Granhy 

Inn, Dog-bank 
Henderson Daniel, butcher, 1, Hill-street 
Henderson Mrs. Elizb, 4, Lovaine-crescent 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



363 



Hendersou Edwin, teacher, Carpenters' 

Tower, Sally port; ho. 25, Howard-street 
Henderson and Growther, booksellers, IG, 

Nelson-street 
Henderson Elizb. dressmkr, Sandyford-lane 
Henderson Jas. plumber, &c. (Ellis & 

Henderson); ho. 49, Garhol-street 
Henderson Gilbert, shipowr, 13, Howard-st 
Henderson Geo. S. clerk, 7, Leazes-crescent 
Henderson Geo. Win. agent, 4,Lovaine-crst 
Henderson Jas. vict. Mile Stone Inn, North 

Els wick 
Henderson Jas. butcher, 150, New Market; 

ho. ()4-, Westmoreland-street 
Henderson Jas. joiner, Castle-garth-stairs; 

ho. Mount pleasant, Gateshead 
Henderson James, plumber, etc. (Ellis and 

Henderson); ho. Carliol-street 
Henderson Jas. vict. Prince of Wales Inn, 

Wellington-street 
Henderson John, dealer in bricks, &c. 23, 

Yv'est Hinde-street 
Henderson John, gardener, 20, Shield-st 
Henderson John, grocer, Abinger-street 
Henderson John, beer-retailer,rorth-terrace 
Henderson John, agent, 28, Scotswood-road 
Henderson Jobn, fruiterer, &c. 84:,Pilgrim-st 
Henderson John, beerhouse, Forth-terrace 
Henderson John, tailor, Y\"esley-street 
Henderson Joseph, vict. Bircl4n-Busli Inn, 

25, Pilgrim-street 
Henderson Jos. pawnbrkr. 12, Marlbro'.-st 
Henderson Miss Barbara,2,SLamfordham-pl 
Elenderson Miss Margt. 1, St. James's-ter 
Henderson Mary, eating-house, 48, High 

Bridge 
Henderson Nicholas, school-master, Wesley 

street; ho. Wellington street 
Henderson Nicholas, tailor. 18, Stowell-sq 
Henderson Robt. beer retailer, Eailway-st 
Henderson Eobt. cabinetmaker, 07, West- 
gate-street; ho. 88, Blenheim -street 
Henderson S. & R. grocei-s, 15, Grainger-st; 

ho. Shieldfield-green 
Plenderson Thos. builder, Back George-st; 

ho. 29, Elswick-east-terrace 
Henderson Thos, draper, 03, W. Ciayton-st 
Henderson Thos. H. timber merchant (A. 

Hood & Co.); ho. 12, Lovaine-place 
Henderson Wm. agent, 2, Hanover-place 
Henderson Wm. jun. hat manufacturer, 48, 

West Ciayton-st.; ho. 5, Argyie-street 
Henderson Wm. clothier, 09, Quay; ho. 

48, Clayton -street 
Henderson Wm, shoemaker, 3, Spring-st 
Henderson Wm. hatter (Feench Hat Com- 
pany) ; ho. Argyie-street 



Henderson Wm. mroht. tailor, Sandyford-rd 

Hengham Mrs. Grace, 8, St. Thorn as's-st 
Henry Richard Gratton, agent, 22, EyehiU 
Henry Mary, staymaker, 2, Welhngton-st 
Henzell Charles, agent, Copland-terrace, 

Sandyford-lane 
Henzell Gabriel, cabinet mkr. Morrisons-ct 
Henzell Wm. Milburn, grocer, &c. 91, West 

Clayton-street; ho. 29, Bayley-street 
Hepburn Henry, -working silversmith, 14, 

Bayley-street 
Heppell & Co. corn merchants, Watergate, 

Sandhill 
Heppell Ann, milliner, 05, Grainger-street; 

ho. Railwaj^-slreet 
Heppell John Todd, corn merchant (Hep- 
pell & Co.); ho. Jesmond Vale House 
Heppell Margt. prov. dealer. Railway-street 
Heppell Thos. vict. Gardeners' Arms Inn, 7, 

High Bridge 
Heppell Wm. Henry, corn merchant (Hep- 
pell & Co.); ho. St. Mary's-terrace 
Hepper Mrs. Priscilla, 8, Canada-street 
Hepper Wm. upholsterer, 27, Nelson-street 
Elepple Margery E. dressmaker, 02, Grain- 
ger-street 
Hepple Thos. bootmaker, 24, Blackett-st 
Hepvvorth Matthw, cloth mrcht. 18, Grey-st 
Hepworth Thos. agent, 5, Richmond-street 
Herdman Thos. cabinet mkr, 33, Westgate 
Heriot Rev. Geo. incumbent of St. Ann's ; 

ho. 4, Prospect-place, Shieldfield 
Hernaman John, proprietor of ''Journal," 

47, Grey-street 
Heron Alice Ann, shopkeeper, St. Peter's 
Heron Miss Charlotte, 22, Eldon-square 
Heron Richard, innkeeper, Three Bulls' 

Heads Inn, Milk Market, Sandgate 
Pleron Roger, vict. Fighting Cocks Inn, 

Bigg Market 
Heron William, grocer, 36, Bigg Market 
Herring Edward, goods department, Y.N. 

and B.R., 8, Melbourne-street 
Herring John, merchant, Close ; ho. 13, 

Lovaine terrace 
Herron G. & Son, smiths, South-street 
Herron Geo. cabinet maker, Fleece-court, 

Gallow gate 
Hesket John, felhuonger & leather dresser, 

Ouseburn 
Heslop Christopher, commission agent, 

Drury-lane ; ho. 2, Strawberry-place 
Heslop Henry Penn, wine & spirit mrclmt. 

(John Nixon & Co.); ho. G, W. Parade 
Heslop Jos. relieving officer, Ciavering-pl 
Heslop Mark, vict. Golden Tiger Inn, 143, 

Pilgrim street 



204 



ClEECTOBt OF KEWCASTL^-rPOK-TYKE. 



Heslop Sarab, school, Clavering-place 
Heslop Thomas, heerhouse, Sunderland-st 
Hetheringtou Christopher, hat mnfr. 24, 

Groat Market 
Hetherington Hem-ietta, cheesemonger, 52, 

St. Nicholas's-square 
Hetherington Jane, shopkeeper, Ouseburn 
Hetherington John, brazier& hardwareman, 

67, Grainger-street 
Hetherington J. hat mnfr. 126, Pilgrim-st; 

ho. Percy-court 
Hetherington Tlios. prov. dealer, Carr-st 
Hewett Jas. commission-agent, 27, Y\"est- 

moreland-street 
Hewetson Pvichard, painter and glazier, 

Eighting Cock yard, Bigg Market; ho. 

Wesley-street 
Hewison Chrlt. Julia, tchr, 11, Lovaine-ter 
He^\ison D. Sc E. school, 20, Elswick-row | 
Hewison Ions, solicitor, 48, Westgate-st ; j 

ho. 2, East George-street 
He\^ison Jonathan W. cattle salesman ; ho. 

10, Elswick-row 
Hewison Lawrence, corn fctr. 38, Sandhill ; 

ho. Wingrove house, Benwell 
Hewitson John, gent. II, Cumberland-row 
Hewitson John, optician, mathematical in- 
strument maker, &c. 76, Grey-st ; ho. 4, 

Isixon's-street, Ban-as biidge 
Hewson M, W. butcher, 36, New Market; 

ho. Hill's-place 
Higgius John, town crier, Manor-chare 
Higgins William H. straw i)lait manfr. 18, 

Grainger-street 
Highmoor Geo. dogger, 15, George-street 
Hildreth Jas. tailor, 1, Princess-street 
Hill Dennis, draper, etc. (Hill, Nicholson, 

& Hodgson, and Hill & Drury) ho. 

North Shields 
Hill & Drury, hosiers, 18, Dean-street 
Hill Jacob, provision dealer, marine store 

dealer, and watch glass manufacturer, 

East Ballast hills 
Hill John, provision dealer, Sandgate 
Hill John, tin plate worker, Pilgrini-street 
Hill Mary & Isabella, provision dealers, 

Yictoria cottage, Westmoreland-tei-race 
Hill Nicholson & Hodge, drapers and 

clothiers, 16, Grainger-street 
Hill Sarah, dressmaker, Lambton-place 
Hill Wm. furniture broker, 175, Pilgrim-st 
Hills S: Davidson, prov.dlrs. 79, Westgate-st 
Hills E. S. com. traveller, 44, Grey-street; 

ho. 5, Summerhill grove 
Hills Edward S. commission agent, Victoria 

Hall, Grey street 
Hills John, brazier, 11, Pilgrim-street 



Hills Jane, prov. dealer (Hills ctDavidson) ; 

ho. Windmill-ter. Gateshead 
Hills Thomas, shipbuilder, Tyne-street 
Hills Wm. shopkeeper, 170, Pilgiim-street 
Hilly ard Benjamin, junr. ship & insurance 

broker, commission agent, and agent for 

the National Guardian Assurance Society, 

36, Quayside ; ho. Bloomfield terrace, 

Gateshead 
Hind George, vict. Brown Jug Inn, Forth 

banks 
Hind Henry, gentleman, 15, Albion-street 
Hind John, grocer, 16, Wellington-street 
Hinde John H. gentl. 9, Saville-row 
Hindhaugh James, grocer (J. Hindhaugh 

& Co.); ho. 9, Simpson-street 
Hindhaugh John Sz Co. grocers, 22, Cloth 

:\[arket 
Hindhaugh John grocer (J. Hindhaugh & 

Co.); ho. 22, Cloth Market 
Hindhaugh Nathaniel (representatives of), 

timber merchant, Ouseburn 
Hindhaugh Nathaniel, timber merchant, 

6, Eldon place 
Hindmarch John, chimney sweeper, Close 
Hindmarsh Ann, confectr. 29, Newgate-st 
Hindmarsh Thos. cart proprietor, Seam-st 
Hindmarsh Wm. tailor, 30, Crescent-place 
Hirst Thomas, vict., Barras Bridge Hotel, 

Sandy ford-lane 
Hines Henry B. accountant, 6, Eidley-pl 
Hinton, Thos. C. draper, 14, Mansfield-st 
Hobkirk Wm. agent, 22, Eichmond-st 
Hobkirk William, greengrocer, 221, New 

Market; ho. Grainger-street 
Hobson Joseph, shoemaker. Back-lane 
Hodge Sz Harle, sohcitors, (tc. 70, Grey-st 
Hodse Geo. W. sohcitor (Hodge & Harle); 

ho^ 21, Eyehill 
Hodge John, gentleman, 5, St. James's-st 
Hodge Eowland, gentl. 5, St. James's-st 
Hodge William, draper, &c. (Hill, Nichol- 
son & Hodge); ho. 7, Lovaine crescent 
Hodgshon George, draper and tailor, 71, 

Grej'-st.; ho. 5, Cumberland-row 
Hodgson Anthony, rabbit down manufac- 
turer, 82, Pilgrim-street 
Hodgson Chas. watchmaker, 11, Newgate st 
Hodgson Charles, innkeeper, commission 

and general agent, Adrian's Head Inn, 

Els wick-lane 
Hodgson G. broker, 21, Quay-side 
Hodgson James, gentleman, 32, Eldon-st 
Hodgson James, painter, 14, Westgate-st 
Hodgson John, vict. Eagle Tavern, Diana-st 
Hodgson John Joseph, com, ti-aveller ; ho. 

2, Framlington-place 



DIBEOTORY 05* KEWCASTLE-tlPON-TYKE* 



S65 



Hodgson Joseph John, com. agent, 27, 

Dean-street; ho. 2, Framhngton-place 
Hodgson Leonard, vict. Coach and Horses, 

Bigg Market 
Hodgson Mary Ann, teacher, 50, Carliol-st 
Hodgson Rachael, cowkeeper, Gallow-gate 
Hodgson Ealph, coffee roaster, Side ; ho. 

Back Oxford-street 
Hodgson R. W. shipbroker, 33, Quay; ho. 

North Dean 
Hodgson Eobert, prov, dealer, 7, King-st 
Hodgson T. & J. corn mrchnts. 1 Butcher-bk 
Hodgson Wm. fruit merchant, 214, New 

Market; ho. Friar-street 
Hogarth Isaac, artist, 6, Grainj^er-street 
Hogarth Thomas, hairdresser, Ouseburn 
Hogarth Thamas Campbell, picture dealer, 

41, Grey-street; ho. Heaton Cottage 
Hogarth Wm. greengrocer, 235, NewMkt.; 

ho. Prudhoe-street 
Hogg Adam, nurseryman and seedsman, 

Scotswood-road 
Hogg Mrs. Ann, 2, Summer-hill-ten-ace 
Hogg & Co. joiners, Gallow-gate; ho. 

Denton-burn 
Hogg George, vict. Bridge Inn, 10, Quay 
Hogg George, butcher, 187, New Market; 

ho. Brandling-place 
Hogg Geo. commercial trareller, 3, Hare-st 
Hogg John, clerk, York-street 
Hogg Jobn, furniture brkr. 166, Pilgrim-st 
Hngg John, master mariner, 37, Howard-st 
Hogg John, smith. Stepney-bank 
Hogg John Owen, accountant, 64, Grey-st., 

ho. Summer-hill-place 
Hogg Mary, tin-plate worker, 69, Side 
Hogg Michael, tin-plate worker, 68, Side ; 

ho. West Parade 
Hogg Nathaniel, joiner, 8, William-street 
Hogg Ralph, joiner, Gallow-gate 
Hogg Thomas, draper, 11, Grey-street; ho. 

Widdrington, near Morpeth 
Hogg Thos. gentleman. Low Swinburne-pl 
Hogg Wm. butcher, 182, New Market; ho. 

Brandling place 
Hogg William, builder and innkeeper, 
Smiths' Arms Inn, Edward-street, Ar- 
thur's-hill 
Hogg Mr. Wilham, Argyle-terrace 
Hogg WilUam, beerhouse, Edward-street 
Hoggins James, auctioneer, &c. Arcade; 

ho. West Jesmond 
Hollenius Lauritz, merchant (Hollenius & 

Sheardown) ; ho. 37, Westmoreland-ter 
Hollenius & Sheardown, merchls. 33, Quay 
Hollinshead James, earthenware manufac- 
turer, Ouseburn; ho. Stepney Yilla 



Holloway Edward, draper, &c. (Hall & Hol- 

loway) ; ho. 6, St. Thomas's -terrace 
Holme Joseph Johnson, agent, Russell-terr 
Holme Thomas, gentleman, Albion-place 
Holmes Andrew, shomaker, Wellington-st 
Holmes J. bootmaker, Bath- terrace 
Holmes John, shipbroker, &c. (Forster & 

Holmes); ho. Wilkinson's-buildings 
Holmes John, earthenware mnfr. Ouseburn 
Holmes John, ironfounder, 37, Bigg Mkt. ; 

ho. 10, Westgate-street 
Holmes John, shoemaker, Forth-banks 
Holmes John, vict. Thornton- street Hotel, 

Thornton-street 
Holmes Stephen, pork butcher, 45, St. 

Nicholas's-square, and 23, New Market 
Holmes Thomas, bootmaker, 6, Gibson-st 
Holmes Wm. land agent. Grey-street ; ho. 

28, West Parade 
Holmes Wm. Henr}^ glass merchant, 45, 

Grey-street; ho. 2, East Parade 
Holstead Rev. T. Dnl. 4, St. Thomas's-terr 
Holt WiUiam Thompson, grocer and pro- 
vision dealer, Diana-street 
Honeyman and Co. sharebrokers, &c. 

Painter-heugh 
Honeyman Joseph, prov. dlr. 25, Nelson-st 
Hood Anthony & Co. timber merchants, 

21, Broad-chare 
Hood George Young, surgeon, 31, West- 
gate-street 
Hood Thomas, tailor, 16, Percy-street 
Hope Thomas M. draper, 3, Charlotte-sq 
Hopkin Wm. jeweller and goldsmith, 48, 

Pilgrim-street 
Hopkinson Robert, hlanket manufacturer, 

Works, Birstal, near Leeds ; ho. St. 

Ann's-street, Sandgate 
HopkirkChas. com. traveller, 14, Edward-st 
Hopper A. & R. shipbldrs. & patent slipway. 

Coney-close, and Nelson-st. North-shore 
Hopper Ambrose, shipbuilder, &c. (A. & 

R. Hopper) ; ho. 29, Richmond-street 
Hopper John, shipbroker (In go & Hopper) ; 

ho. Orchard- street 
Hopper John, tobacconist, &c. 47, Pilgrim-st; 

ho. 12, Carliol-street 
Hopper Joseph, corn miller, Swirle ; ho. 

Orchard House 
Hopper Joseph, jun. flour dealer, 103, Pil- 
grim-street 
Hopper Margaret, cooper, 10, Side ; ho. 37, 

Butcher-bank 
Hopper Richard, shipbuilder, &c. (A. & R. 

Hopper) ; ho. 4, Gibson-street 
Horn Thomas, book and music seller, 32 
and 33, Groy-st; ho. 42,Cumberl;\nd-row 



Q66 



DIRECTORY OF KEWGASTLE-UPON-TTNE, 



Horn Thomas, beer retailer, Gallow-gate 
Horn Ann e IMaria ,vict. Percy Arms, Percy-st 
Hornsby Tlios. vict. New Dolphin Tavern, 

41, Close 
Hornsby Wm. butcher, 40, Pudcling-chare ; 

and 67, High-street, Gateshead 
Horsfall Thos. currier, leather mrchnt. &c. 

(Jobson & Horsfall) ; ho. York-st, Elsvvk 
Horsfield Alex. prov. dlr. Jesmond-vale 
Horsley John, hasketmaker, 20, Newgate-st 
Horsley John, draper, (Mackey, Smith, 

& Co.) ; ho. Piavensworth-ter. Gateshead 
Horsley James, shopkeeper. Churchill st 
Hothani Henry, commission traveller, 13, 

Elswick-ro^y 
Hotham William, grocer, 3, Quay; ho. 21, 

Eavenshead-terrace, Gateshead 
Hotham Wilham Sutton, agent, 4, Kyehill 
Hounslow Geo. store dealer. High Pitt-st 
Plouseman John, M.D., and surgeon, CO, 

Eldon-row, Percy-street 
How George, builder, Blenheim-street; ho. 

Yilla Cottage 
Howard Ann, prov. dealer, 11, Churchill-st 
Howard John, currier, 2, Pudding-chare 
Howard Thomas, builder and contractor 

(Yvaite and Howard); ho. Hinde-street 
Howarth John, prison keeper. Moot Hall 
Howatson Robt. drpr. ( Brand & Howatson); 

ho. B, Brunswick-place 
Howe John, tailor, 8, Bath-row 
Howe and Anderson, provision dealers, C, 

B uckin gham-street 
Howey Mrs. Ann, 14, Eldon-place 
Howey Mrs. Mary, 3, Carlton-place 
Howey Michael, vict.I??ac/v^u/ZIn7i,Tocld's- 

nook 
Howey IMichael, butcher, 122, Market 
Howie William, joiner and cabinet maker, 

39, Bigg Market ; ho. 34, Stowell-street 
Hownam John, smith, Byker-hill 
Howse Richard, inland revenue officer, 23, 

Hewgill-terrace 
Hoyle John Theodore, solicitor and deputy 

coroner, 72, Grey-st. ; ho. 40, Leazes-ter 
Hoyle Richard, metal brkr. &c. 14, Sandhill ; 

ho. Denton Hall 
Hoyle Eobson, & Co. seed crushers, &c. 

58, Close 
Hudson Chas. painter, foot of Westgate-st 
Hudson G. vict. Lowtlier Inn, 24, Bigg Mkt 
Hudson Geo. prov. dlr. 18, Cloth Market 
Hudson Heury, glass manufacturer ; ho. 3, 

Princess-street 
Hudson Henry, vict. Wheat Sheaf, Bigg 

Market 
Hudson Heuiy, rag merchant, New-road 



Hudson James, marine store dealer, and 

paper manufacturer, New-road ; works, 

Orpeth Paper Mills 
Hudson James, marine store dealer, 21, 

Waterloo street, and 56, Newgate-street 
Hudson Mrs. 10, Lovaine-cresceut 
Hudson Matthew, tailor & drpr. Byker-hill 
Hudson Thos. glass cutter, 45, Blackett-st 
Hudson W^m. Cotton, drpr. 33,Brandling-pl 
Hudspeth Cuthbert, beer retailer and prov. 

dealer, Carlton-street 
Hudspeth Dinah, vict. Gosforth Inn, Gos- 

forth-street 
Hudspeth Eleanor, prov. dealer, St. Peter's 
Hudspeth Hannah, lodgings, Shield-street 
Hudspeth Jane, furn. broker, 17, Pilgrim-st 
Hudspeth Rachael, cabinetmaker, Dogbank 
Hugill Jane, provision dealer, Ingham-pl 
Humble Ann, hasketmaker, 13, Union-st. & 

Pudding-chare 
Htimble C. basket manfr. 13, Union street 
Humble Christina, milliner, 65, West 

Ciayton-street 
Humble Christopher, butcher, 141, New 

Market ; ho. "West Clayton-street 
Plumble Charles, billiard rooms, 9. Shak- 

spear-street 
Humble Charlton, agent, Wesley-street 
Humble Very Rev. Jos. Canon of Hexham, 

St. Mary'"s Catholic Cathedral, West 

Claylon-street ; ho. Derwent-place 
Humble Mrs. Isabella, 7, Strawberry-place 
Humble Mrs. iNlary, 35, Blackett-street 
Humble Thomas, manufacturer of water 

closet pans, and other articles for sanitary 

purposes; works, at St. Lawrence; ho. 

Scotswood 
Htnnble W. J. gentl. 13, Sr. Thomas's-cres 
Humble Jos. Wright, avooI stapler, Manors ; 

ho. 12, Brandling-place 
Humble Mary Ann, milliner, 92, West 

Clayton-street 
Humble Stephen, artist, 39, Blackett-street 
Humble Thomas, M.D.4, Eldon-square 
Humble Thomas, vinegar manufacturer, 

Orchard-street 
Humble Thomas, tallow chandler, Bell's- 

close ; ho. Scotswood 
Hum© Ellen, provision dealer, head of 

George street 
Hume Robt. prov. dlr. 3, Northumberland-st 
Hum|)hrey William R. timber measurer and 

scriever, boat builder, and commission 

agent, Bop efs Arms Inn, Nelson-stieet 
Hunam Fenwick, cheesemonger, 101, Side ; 

ho. 10, Oxford-street 
Hunt Mr. Benjamin, 0, Eldou-square 



DIEECTOEY OF KEWCASTLE-UPOK-TYNE» 



m 



Plunt Henry, provision dlr. 155, Pilgrim-st 
Hunt John H. managing partner, Birtley 

Ironworks, 71, Quay; ho. Birtley Hall 
Hunter Abra. sol. New-court, West Gate-st 
Hunter Andrew, veterinary surgeon, 83, 

Xewgate-street 
Hunter Edward, cart proprietor, Ocbard-st 
Hunter & Erichsen, merchants, 4, Sandhill 
Hunter Greorge, cheesemonger, 5, Grain ger- 

street and 117, Side; ho. Leazes-terrace 
Hunter George, furniture broker, 90, New 

Market ; ho. Westgate-hill 
Hunter Jacob, prov, dealer, 7, Northum- 
berland-street 
Hunter Jacob, baker and fiour dealer, 09, 

Groat Market 
Hunter James, veterinary surgeon, 37, Bigg 

Market; ho. Eacket-court 
Hunter John, provision dealer, Pandon 
Hunter John, marine store dealer, 174, 

Pilgrim-street 
Hunter John Joseph, merchant, (Hunter 

and Erichsen); ho. 20 Eldon-place 
Plunter Ralph, ironmonger, 41, Mosley-st 
Hunter Robert, cabinet maker. Dog bank 
Hunter Robert, dyer, 46, High-bridge ; ho. 

St. Nicholas's church-yard 
Hunter Thos. eating house, 87, Newgate-st 
Hunter William, coalntter. Three Indian 

King's-court; ho. Walker-ter. Gateshead 
Hunter WilHam, commercial traveller, 3, 

Summerhill-place 
Hunter WiUiam, colliery viewer, Moor 

House 
Hunter William, Ouseburn brewery; ho. 

5 an dyford-lane 

Hunter William R. ship broker (Blackbird 

6 Hunter); ho. Lovaice-cresent 
Huntley John, dairyman, Nixon's-place, 

Percy street 

Huntley John, stationer, 17, Side; ho. 
Leazes-lane 

Hurst Mary, eating house. Manor-street 

Hurst Thomas, vict. Barras Bridge Hotel, 
1, Jesmond-terrace 

Hutchinson Abram, agent, 5, Spring-garden- 
terrace 

Hutchinson Ann, greengrocer, 220, New 
Market; ho. 12, Waterloo-street 

Hutchinson Conyers, commercial traveller, 
Adelphi-place 

Hutchinson Edward, shipowner, 1, Union- 
terrace 

Hutchinson Elizabeth, vict. Marquis of 
Blandford Inn, 1, Blandfordstreet 

Hutchinson George, provision dealer, ] 20, 
Pilgrim- street 



Hutchinson Isabella, butcher. Market ; ho. 

38, Blackett-street 
Hutchinson James, chemist (Currie and 

Hutchinson); ho. 5, North- terrace 
Hutchinson John, tailor. Byker-hill 
Hutchinson Mary and Isabella, butchers, 

79, Nev/ Market: ho. Carliol-street 
Hutchinson ilatthew, tallow chandler, 7, 

St. Nicholas's Church-yard 
Hutchinson jMiss Jane, 54, Leazes-terrace 
Hutchinson Thomas, butcher, 137, New 

Market; ho. Spring-street 
Hutchinson Thomas, miller, New-mills; 

ho. and shop, Wellington street 
Hutchinson William, bone setter, 1, Marl- 

borough-sti'eet 
Hutchinson William, butcher, 171, New 

Market, and vict, 3IiU House, Spital 

Tongues 
E[utchinson Wm. J. coalfitter. Three Indian 

Kings-court, Quay; ho. 24, Oxford- st 
Hutton Andrew, hairdresser, 40, Newgate- 
street; ho. Grosvenor-street, Gateshead 
Hutton George, veterinary surgeon (Hutton 

and Wilkinson); ho. 79, Pilgrim-street 
Hutton John, draper, Szg, (Hutton and 

Rhind); ho. Tynemouth 
Hutton and Rhind, drapers and tailors, 36, 

Mosley- street 
Hutton and Wilkinson, veterinary surgeons, 

79, Pilgrim-street 
Plutton William, block and mast manufr. 

3, St. Ann's-row and Quay 
Hyslop Charles, wholesale china, glass and 

earthenware dealer, Staffordshire Ware- 
house, 65, Quay-side 

I' ANSON Wilham, surgeon, Arthur's- hill 
Ilderton Sanderson, gentleman, 4, ElHson- 

place 
Imrie David, shoemaker, Hanover-street 
Ingham Charles, beer retailei', 41, Pudding- 
chare 
Ingham Charles, hatter, King-street 
Ingledew & Daggett, solicitors, 55, Dean-st 
Ingledev/ Henry, solicitor (Ingledew and 

Daggett) ; ho. 21, Lovaine -place 
Ingow and Hopper, ship brokers. Three 

Indian King's-court 
Ingo John, ship broker (Ingo & Hoper) ; 

ho. 25, Richmond-street 
Ingo William, gentleman, 2. Nortli-terrace 
Ingram John, agent, New Bridge- street 
Innes Jane and Mary, dress makers, 20, 

S t am f ordh a m -pi ace 
Inness George, market keeper, 104, East 

Clnyton-street 



ms 



DIRECTORT OP NEWCASTLE-UPON-TTNE, 



Intelmann, Eose & Co. commission agents, 

32, Quay- 
Ions James, agent to glass works. Forth- 

banks 
Ions John, grocer, 71, Westgate-street 
Ions John, brass founder. Neville-street; 

ho. 5, Els\A'ick-row 
Ions Thomas, organist, 32, Eye-hill 
Ireland Mary, organist, 37, Blaclcett-street 
Ireland Eobert, marine store dealer, 20, 

Buckingham-street 
Ireland Eobert Hill, sec. to Northern Trades 

Protection Society, 3, Bath-lane 
Irons Geo. Eobt. surgeon (Paget & Irons); 

ho. 21, Northumberland-street 
Irvine Eev. Walter, incumb. of All Saints', 

4, Carlton-terrace 
Irving James, gentleman, 6, Forth-lane 
Irving John, joiner, 21, Vine-lane 
Irving John, draper, 6, Blenheim-street 
Irving Jos. cart propi'ietor, I'andon-dean 
Irwin Chas. grocer, &c. 17, St. John's-lane; 

ho. .51, Cumberland-row 
Irwin John, gentleman, 9, Lisle-street 
Irwin John Phibbs, agent, and sec. to Com 

mercial Association, 1, Mansfield-st 
Isaacs Alex, jeweller. Quayside; ho. 1, 

Ellison-terrace 
Ismay John, chemist (Daglish & Ismay); 

ho. 18, Albion-place 
lung Adolphus, tailor, East Clayton-st 
Iveson James, butcher, 1, Carr-street 
Ivison Joseph, tailor, 7, George street 
Ivison Thomas, builder, 3, Lan caster- st 

JACK Eichd. agent, 2, Summer-hill-place 
Jackson Ann, eating-house, 12, East Clay- 
ton street 
Jackson Collingwood F. mercht. 37, Quay; 

ho. 12, Eldon-square 
Jackson Edwd. gentleman, 18, Eldon-sq 
Jackson Francis, agent, 11, West Clayton- 
st.; ho. 12, St. James's-street 
Jackson Henry, tailor, 7, "Wellington-ter 
Jackson Mrs. Isab. 22, Leazes-crescent 
Jackson ]\Irs. Jane, Wesley-terrace 
Jackson John, chemist, 87, Pilgrim-st 
Jackson John E. painter, &c. 19, Percy-st 
Jackson JohnWray, mechanist & engineer, 

21, Westgate; ho. 98, Blenheim-st 
Jackson Mrs. Mary, 15, Leazes-crescent 
Jackson Eobert, joiner, &:c. Byker-hill 
Jackson Eobert, whitesmith, 70, Westgate- 
street; ho. 26, YiUa-place 
Jackson Thos. cartmau, 2, Prudhoe-place 
Jackson William, clothes dealer, 9, Castle- 
garth-stairs 



Jackson Wm. agent, 4, Mansfield-st 
Jackson Thos. flour dealer, 98, East Clay-- 

ton-street; ho. 1, Prudhoe-pla^e 
Jackson Wm. cabinetmaker and funeral fur- 
nisher, 105, Percy-st; ho. 14, Prudhoe-st 
Jackson W^. hamesmaker, 37, Bigg Market; 

ho. Nuns-lane, Gateshead 
Jackson William, joiner & house cai-penter, 

17, William-street, Arthur's-hill 
Jackson Wm. painter, 4, Newgate-street ; 

ho. 2, St. Mary's-place 
James C.& Co. asphalte mnufrs. 8, Grey-st 
James C. & Co. grocers, 68, Blackett-st 
James and Co. lead manufactrs. Ouseburn 
James Edward, lead manufacturer, (James 

and Co.); ho. Holeyn Hall 
James Edward, joiner, Adelaide-place 
James Elizabeth, Temperance Hotel, 136, 

Pilgrim-street 
James Frances, milliner, 20, Eichmond-st 
James John, joiner, 48, Groat Market ; ho. 

92, Newgate-street 
James John, cabinetmaker, 80, Piigrira-st 
James John Walker, accountant, Minden-pl 
James T. vict. Burton Arms Inn, Croft-st 
James Thomas, bookkeeper for Plues & 

King, 28, Westgate street 
Jameson Ann, pawnbroker. Broad c hae; 

ho. New Bridge-street 
Jameson and Co. ironmongers, &c. 35, 

Dean-street 
Jameson James Young, gent. Els wick-villas 
Jameson John, accountant, 100, Percy-st 
Jameson John, butcher, 37, New Market ; 

ho. ] 1, Eldon-place 
Jameson John, teacher, Elswick-street 
Jameson Matilda, lodgings, 55, Leazes-ter 
Jameson Ealpb, shipbroker, Plummer's-ch , 

Quay ; ho. 9, Eegent-street 
Jameson Thos. butcher, 144, New Market, 

and B arras-bridge 
Jameson Thomas, butcher, 58, Percy-st 
Jameson Thomas, ironmonger (Jameson 

& Co.) ; ho. Barras-bridge 
Jamieson Alexander, draper. Shield-street 
Janson Charles, iron merchant (Mounsey, 

Jauson & Co.); ho. Shotley-bridge 
Jappie George, m. mariner, 2, Carlton-st 
Jardine Mr, Edward A. 6, Blenheim-street 
Jardine Wm. draper, 17, Sunderland-st 
Jay Peter, professor of music, 3, Lower 

Swinburne-place 
Jay Wm. F. professor of music, 3, Lower 

Swinburne-place 
Jefferson Henrj', agent, 60, Eldon-street 
Jetferson Eobt. builder and farmer, Todd's 

Nook > J^\ .'19/1^0 ,9B''"'-'^-' -*03C'j ;. 



II 



DIEECTOBY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, 



269 



Jefferson & Douglas, brickmakers, Todd's 

Nook 
Jeflfery Alexander, grocer, 20, Newgate-st 
Jeffrey Alexander, prov. dealer, Cliurchill-st 
Jeffrey Alex. prov. dlr. 16, Blenheheim-st 
Jeffrey Eliz. boarding house, 92, Pilgrim- st 
Jeffrey George, stone merchant and builder, 

Grave quarry ; ho. 14, Elswick-street 
Jeffrey John, provision dealer, Kent-street 
Jeffrey Joshua, prov. dlr. 19, Churchill-st 
Jeffi^ey Thomas B. hotel keeper (Breach 
and Jeffrey); ho. Central Station Hotel 
Jenkins H. confectioner, 19 & 20, Dean-st ; 

ho. 38, Cumberland-row 
Jenkins Thomas, dyer, 9, Gallow-gate 
Jenkins Thomas, relieving officer for All 

Saints' Argyle-place 
Jenkins Wm. picture dlr. 22, St. Martin's-ct 
Jenkinson Isabella, canvas manufacturer, 

Byker chare, Quay 
Jennings Joseph G. agent. East Parade 
Jennings Patrick, prov. dealer, Sandgate 
Jess Charles, grocer, Pitt-street 
Jewett John, grocer, &c. 6, East Clayton-st; 

ho. 101, Clayton -street 
Jewitt & Taylor, ragwool manufacturers, 

New Mills 
Jewitt Jno. ragwool manufacturer, (Jewitt & 

Taylor) ; ho. Tynemouth 
Jobey Benjamin, cowkeeper, 2, Bath-lane 
Jobey Hannah, dyer, 55, Gibson-street 
Jobling Caleb, plumber, 1, Lisle-st ; ho. 2, 

Lisle-street 
Jobling Elizabeth, vict. Glassmalcers' Arms 

Inn, St. Peter's 
Jobling John, shipbroker and coalfitter, 19, 

Quay; ho. 10, Carlton-place 
Jobling John, commercl. travlr. 8, Nixon-st 
Jobling Margaret, hosier, 4, Side 
Jobling Mark Lambert, solicitor, 53, West- 
gate-street; ho. 61, Eldon-row 
Jobling Robert, shipping master. Broad- 
chare ; ho. 24, Picton-place 
Jobling Eobert, butcher, 32, Westgatest; 

ho. Spicer-lane 
Jobling T. W. mining engineer, 12, Quay; 

ho. Jarrow 
Jobson, Brothers & Co. cornfactors, coal- 
exporters, shipbrokers, and commission 
merchants, 77, Quayside 
Jobson & Horsfall, curriers, leather mer- 
chants and commission agents, Stowell- 
street, Darn Crook 
Jobson Edw. currier and leather merchant, 
&c. (Jobson & Horsfall) ; ho. 22, 
E/Evensworth-terrace, Gateshead 
Jobson George, carver, 74, Grey-st 



Jobson Ebenezer Septimus, cornfactor, &C' 

(Jobson, Brothers & Co.); ho. Hartlepool 

Jobson Henry Charles, cornfactor, &e ; 

(Jobson, Brothers & Co.) ; ho. 19, 

Elswick-row 

Jobson John, vict. Croxon Inn, 30, Westgate 

Jobson John, vict. Waterloo Inn, Bath-lane, 

Westgate 
Jobson Thomas, cornfactor, &c. (Jobson, 

Brothers & Co.); 77, Quayside 
Jobson Robert, butcher, 107, New Market; 

ho. Gallowgate 
Jobson Wm. butcher, 106, New Market ; ho. 

59, Newgate-street 
Joel Alexr. vict. White Hart Inn, Cloth 

Market 
Joel Jos. Geo. solicitor, 60, Grey st ; ho. 7, 

Ryehill-street 
Joel S. & M. watch glass makers, Shaks- 

peare-street 
Joel Simeon, watch glass maker (S. & M. 

Joel); ho. 7, Eyehill 
Johnson Ann, hearse, cab, and mourning 

coach proprietor. Orchard-street 
Johnson Ann, butcher, 85, Percy-street 
Johnson Anthony, milliner, 24, Newgate-st 
Johnson & Co. wine merchants, 23, Market- 
street 
Johnson Ebenezer K. prov. dlr. 6, Hinde-st 
Johnson Edward, wine merchant, (Johnson 
& Co.) ; 23, Marlvet-street, and the Dean- 
ery, Chester-le-street 
Johnson Elzb. haberdshr. 1, Cottenham-st 
Johnson & Fleming, grocers, 135, Pilgrim- st 
Johnson Francis, joiner, &c. 39, Bigg Mkt 
Johnson Francis, wine merchant, (Johnson 
& Co.); ho. Charlotte-square and Low 
NeAvton 
Johnson Geo. vict. Sun Inn, Bj^ker-bank 
Johnson J. haircutter, &c. Hanover-st 
Johnson James, butcher, 85, Percy-st. and 

108, New Market 
Johnson Jas. beerhouse, 46, Blandford-st 
Johnson Jas. haircutter, 39, Low Friar-st 
Johnson John, agent, 17, Shield-st 
Johnson John, mustard manufacturer and 

innkeeper, Brandling village 
Johnson John, rope manufacturer. Dent's 

hole 
Johnson John, spirit mrcht. Manor- chare ; 

ho. 2, Picton-place 
Johnson John, jun. commercial traveller, 

2, Picton-place 
Johnson, John, sen. winemerchan 1: ho. 2, 

Picton-place 
Johnson Joseph, merchant, Szc. (Sveusdeu 
& Johnson), ho. Leazes terrace 



270 



DIEECTOEY OP NEWCASTLE-UPO^'-TYNE. 



Jolinson Mai'garet & Ellen, milliners, 23, 

Grey-street 
Johnson Mary, shopkeeper, Byker-bank 
Johnson E. gentleman, Yilla de St. George, 

Percy-street 
Johnson Eobt. grocer (Johnson cfeFleming); 

ho. 3, East Parade 
Johnson Mr. T. B. Orchard-street 
Johnson Thos. architect, 41, Groat Market 
Johnson V\'ra. tailor and draper (Stai'k & 

Johnson); ho. 7, St. ]Mary's-place 
Johnson Y\'ilham,Llacks!iiiLh,Forth-terrace 
Johnson Wm. vict. Stag Inn, 43, Percy-st 
Johnson Wm, drape?', 86, Blandford-street 
Jolnison Wm. gentl. 7, St. Mary's-place 
Jolinson cfc White, eating house, 45, Sand- 
hill 
Johnston Thos. tailor, 18, George-street 
Johnston Wm. solicitor, 36, Mosley-st; ho. 

112, Blenheim-street 
Johnstone John, architect, 17, Clayton-si. 

West 
Johnstone Jar/jes, prov. dealer, Bucking- 
ham-street 
Joicey Geo. engineer (J. & G. Joicy) ; ho. 

Charlotte-place, West St. Gateshead i 

Joicey J. &G. & Co. engineers, Forth Banks 
Joicey James, engineer (J. & G-. Joicy) and 

coalcwner, 31, Quayside; ho. Bensham 

Lodge 
Jolly David, tailor, 11, Croft street 
Jonassohn David, coalov>mer. Three Indian 

King's-court ; ho. Usworth 
Jones Jam.es, com. traveller, 7, Villa-place 
Jones Jane, provision dlr. 38, Westgate-st 
Jones Eev. John, curate, All Saints 
Jones Eobt. cabinet-maker, 14, Albion -st 
Jones Thos. gentleman, Hanover-street 
Jones Thomas, professor of music, 10, 

Wellington -terrace 
Jopling Francis T. butcher, 2, Eing-st. and 

161, New Market 
Jopling Thomas, prov. dlr. 80, \N'estgate-st 
Jordon C. E. shopkeeper, 1G8, Pilgrim-st 
Jordon John, auctioneer, Northum.berlaud-ct 
Joseph B. & Co. outlitters, 78, Grey street 
Joseph Barnet, outfitter (B. Joseph & Go.) ; 

ho. Bensham, Gateshead 
Joy Thomas, agent, Mansfield-street 
Joyce Isabella, publican, West Clayton-st 
Joyce Eichard, tailor, 2, Blandford-street 

KABEEEY & Bilton, livery stable keepers. 

Princess -street 
Kaberry Leonard, livery stable keeper flva- 

berry & Bilton) ; ho. 15, Brunswick -pi 
Kay Mrs. Margery, 44, Jessamine-place 



KayeYfilliam, bookseller, artist's colourman, 
music seller, &c. 5, Blackett-street ; ho. 
23, Lovaine-place 
Keen Eobert, cart proprietor, Oak's-place 
Keenleyside Eobert, tea merchant, 35, Bigg 

Market; ho. 6, Stamfordham-place 
Keenly side Thomas Wm. attorney, 16, 
Westgate -street; ho. Carlton House, 
B arras Bridge 
Keil David, provision dealer, 7, Marl- 
borough- street 
Keith John, house carpenter. Seam-street 
Kell Eichard &: Co. grindstone manufac- 
turers, 33. Quay 
Kelley Patrick, furniture broker. New-road 
Kelly James, bookbinder (Kelly & Waters); 

5, Summer-hill-place 
Kelly James, sea captain, 25, Gibson street 
Kelly J. bootmaker, BLandford-street 
Kelly James, provision dealer, Waterloo-st 
Kelly Mrs. Janet, 4, St. James-street 
Kelly & Waters, bookbinders, 20, Nelson-st 
Kendle Elizabeth, china dealer, &c. 4, 

Northumberland-street 
Kenmir Alex. prov. deaJer, 48, Newgate-st 
Kennady David, tailor and draper, 133, Pil- 
grim-street 
Kennady Martin & .John, drapers, S6, West 

Clayton-st. ; ho. Blenheim-street 
Kennady Thomas, vict. Cookson's Arms Inn, 

Hanover-street 
Kennady Thos. dyer, 5, Spring Garden-ter 
Kennady Wm. painter, 133, Pilgrim-street 
Kennady Wm. jun. painter, 1, Adelaide-pl 
Kenneday Wm. furniture broker. Dog- bank 
Kennedy Wm. joiner and cabinet maker, 

Wall-knoll ; ho. 10, Dog-bank 
Kennon James, bootmaker, Leazes-lane 
Kenny "Wm. H.M. Customs, Copland-teiT 
Kent Z>Ir. Benjamin, 57, "Westgate-street 
Kent Ethelbert, beerretailer, Spital Tongues 
Kent John Hall, hatter, 2S, Mosley-st.; ho. 

Greenfield House 
KeiitJos. grocer, 32, Dean-street; ho. 21, 

Leazes-teiTace 
Kent Mary & Jane, dressmakers, Croft-st 
Kent Eobt. hatter, 40, Collingwood-st. ; ho. 

57, Westgate-streei 
Kerr John, hairdresser, 163, Pilgrim-street 
Kerr Thomas, bootmaker, 17, Butcher-bank 
Ketelle Samuel Walker, professor of music, 

14, Saville-row 
Kettle James, draper, 20, Quay; ho. 3, 

Argyle-terrace 
Kidd'john, cattle salesman, 6, Marlbro'-st 
Kidd John, gardener, Arthurs-hill 
Kidd John, inland revenue officer, Shield st 



I 



DIRECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



sn 



Kidman Peter, teacher, Centenary Chapel, 

St. Lawrence 
Kilburn John, brushfinisher, 5, East Els- 
wick-terrace 
Kilgour Sarah, prov. dealer, Blandford-st 
Kilvington Joha, 5, Nixon-street 
Kimpster John, grocer, &c. (J. & J. Kimp- 

ster) ; 1, Walker -terrace, Gateshead 
Kimpster J. Sz J. grocers & share brokers, 

35, Sandhill 
Kioipster Joseph, grocer, See. (J. &. J. Kimp- 
ster) ; ho. Claremont-place, Gateshead 
Kimpster Wm. coaltitter, o'S, Quay; ho. 

Walker-terrace, Galesliead 
King James, carver, 92, Newgate-street 
King Thos. beerhouse. Oyster-shell-lane 
King Thos. vet. siu'geon (Plues Sc Kii3g); 

ho. 28, Westgate street 
Kinghorn Jane, cowkeeper, Gallow-gate 
Kinnear A. & Co. cabinet makers, Bigg 

Market 
Kinnear Andrew, cabinet maker (A. Kin- 
near cz Co.); ho. 12, Buckingham-street 
Kinnear Mich, clockmaker, 7, High Friar-st 
Kirk James, agent, 81, .Pilgrim-street 
Kirkley Edward, innkeeper. Castle-garth 
Kirkley James, ale and porter merchant, 4 

and 5, Manor-st. ; ho. 9, St. James's- st 
Kirkley Thomas 0. beer retailer, Erick-st 
Knkpatrick Wm. D. & Co. wine and spirit 

merchants. Manor-street 
Kirkpatrick Wm. D. wine and spirit mer- 
chant ( W. D. Kirkpatrick & Co.) ; ho. 
Picton-place 
Kirkup Lancelot, agent. Orchard-street 
Kirkup Sarah, prov. dealer. Duke-street 
Kirkup Thos. draper, 8, Buxton-street 
Kirsop E. F. & Co. grocers, Nun-street and 

6, Bean-street 
Kirsop Thomas, mason, 2, Cottenham-st 
Kirton George, coal, lime, and lire brick 
merchant. Old Carlisle Station Depot, 
No. 4, and general cartman. Lead-stairs,. 
Quayside ; ho. Benwell Farm 
Kirton John, builder, 8, Eldou-place 
Kirton William, blacksmith, cartwright and 
farmer, Denton Hill-head, near Newcastle 
Kirton Wra. watchmaker, 14, CoUingwood-st 
Kitchen John, prov. dealer, 122, Pilgrira-st 
Kitchen Eobert, vict. Travellers' Rest, Jes- 

mond Vale 
Kitchen V/ra. dlr. in sundrs, Plindhaugh-st 
Knight Piobt. chimney-sweeper, 90, Percy-st 
Kniveton John, furniture broker, Colgate 
Knott John, btitcher, Willington-quay 
Knowles James, Knowles's Academy, 1-1, 
William-street, Arthur's hill 



Knowles W. A. architect, &c. 35, Northura- 

berlaud street 
Knowles Wm. A. artist, 35, Northuraberld st 
Knox Mrs. Agnes, 4, Elswick-villas 
Knox Eleanor, milhner. Dog-bank 
Kuss German & Co. clockmakers, 98, Pil- 
grim-street 
Kruse Staats, pork butcher, 46, Bigg Mkt 
Kyle John, builder, Blandford-street 
Kyle John Dobson, builder, Westgate-street; 
ho. 10, Westgate-hill-terrace 

LAIDLAW Eobert & Co. hair seating man- 
ufacturers, Clavering place 

Laidlaw Piobt. brush manufacturer, 48, Pil- 
grim-street; ho. 9, Oxford-street 

Ladzrie John, agent for patent fuel, Seam-st 

Laidler Geo. clerk at Lambton's Bank, 37, 
Cumberland-row 

Laidler Geo. Thos. grocer, 51, St. Nicho- 
las's-square 

Laidler John, hutcher, 101, Nevr Market; 
ho. Albion-terrace 

Laidler W. C. butcher, 5; Hinde street; ho. 
West Hinde-street 

Laidler Yv'm. lodgings, 12, St. John's -lane 

Laidlar Wm. painter, 7, High Friar-street; 
ho. 14, Carhol-street 

Laidman Margaret, confectioner. 9, Shake- 
speare-street 

Laing Alex, ale and porter merchant, 5, 
Market- street ; ho. 19, St. James's-street 

Laing Marj^, straw bonnet maker. Nelson- 
street, Northshore 

Laing Wra. jun. wharlinger, 1, New Quay ; 
ho. 2, Wesley-terrace 

Laird David, tailor, 5, Castle Garth-stairs 

Laland Andreas, timber agent, 5, Quay 

Laland Michael Christian,butcher,New-road 

Lamb Charles John, Esq. Jesm^ond Dean 

Lamb Fred. Holmes & Co. wine & spirit 
merchants, 15, Side 

Lamb Fred. Holmes, wine and spirit mer- 
chant (F. H. Lamb & Co.); ho. Bath- 
terrace, Tynemouth 

Lamb Henry, butcher, 74, New Market and 
Sandyford-lane 

Lamb Joseph & Co. colliery owners, &c. .25, 
Quay and Walbottle 

Lamb Jos. colliery owner (J. Lamb & Co.) 
& coal-fitter, 25, Quay ; ho. Axwell Park 

Lamb James, beerhouse, Leazes-road 

I,amb Nnthaniel, upholsterer, 8, Nun street 

Lamb Eobert, soda water manufacturer, 
Orchard-street 

Lamb Sarah & Isabella, dressmakers, 34, 
West Clayton-sti-eet 



272 



DIEECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Lamb William, accountant &c. (Proder& 

Lamb); bo. Swinburn -place, Westgate 
Lamb Wm. paper banger, 24, Bigg Market 
Lambert & Co. wine merchants, 30, Dean-st 
LambertA. & T. S. butchers, 25, Groat Mkt 
Lambert George, grocer, Mosley-street; ho. 

Adelaide-terrace 
Lambert Mark, engraver, (M. & M. W. 

Lambert); ho. Lovaine-row 
Lambert M. & M. W. engrvs &c. 69, Grey-st 
Lambert Mark Wm. engraver (M. & M. 

W.Lambert); ho. Lovaine-row 
Lambert Nathaniel Grace, wine merchant, 
(Lambert & Co.) ; ho. Killingworth House 
Lambert Echd. wine merchant (Lambert 

& Co.), and solictr. and perpetual comsn. 

32, I\Iarket-st; ho. St. Mary's-terrace 
Lambert Rebard, engineer (W. G. Arm- 
strong & Co.); ho. 5, Ellison-place 
Lambert Robert, agent, 9, Clayton-st. West 
Lambei-t Wm. dairyman, 79, Percy-street 
Lambert Wm. Howdon, butcher, 22, Groat 

Market ; ho. Elswick West Farm 
Lambton George, agent, Trafalgar-street 
Lambton William Henry & Co. bankers, 

52, Dean-street 
Lambton William Henry, banker, (^Y. H. 

Lambton & Co.) ; ho. Chesham-place, 

Belgrave-square, London 
Lancaster Sarah, lodgings, Carliol -street 
Landers Hugh, eating house, 25, Union-st 
Landers John, coach proprietor (Parker & 

Landers); ho. 4, Sunderland-street 
Lang John, surgeon, 21, Eldon-square 
Langdale & Co. manure mnfrs. St. Lawrence 
Langdale & Eyton, corn merchants, 2, 

Butcher-bank 
Langdale Sampson, corn rarcht. (Langdale 

& Eyton); ho. 10, St. Mary's-place 
Lange, Bros, mrchts. 3, Indian Kings' -ct 
Lange Carl, merchant (Harrison, Carr, 

& Co.); ho. Jesmond 
Lange Daniel A. merchtant (Lange Bros.); 

ho. London 
Lange William Jas. Montague, merchant 

(Lange, Brothers j; ho. Elswick Cottage 
Langlands George, artist, 4, Camden-street 
L an gstaff William, cowkeeper, Diana-st 
Larbalestier Isab. Stirling, teacher of music 

and languages, 20, Blackett-street 
Larkin Charles, surgeon, 11, Fenkle-street 
Larment B'lark, engine builder, &c. 174, 

Pilgrim-street 
Lascelles EUzab. Harker, greengrocer, 232, 

New Market ; ho. Percy-street 
Lascelles Jos. toyman & seedsman, 229-30, 
New Market; ho. 17, Clayton-st 



Latimer Edmund, coal owner, Jesmoud- 

dean terrace 
Latimer John, editor of "Chronicle," 11, 

Albion-street 
Latimer John, grocer, Harle-street 
Latiraore Mary, shopkeeper, 7, Gallowgate 
Latty James, vict. Rose and Crown Inn, 

New-road 
Latty Margaret, grocer. Stepney -bank 
Lawrence John, jun. agent for the Montrose 

trader, 6^, Quayside 
Laws Cuthbert Umfreville, solicitor (Laws 

and Glynn); ho. Tynemouth 
Laws Edward, gardener, Heaton 
Laws John, shopkeeper, Saudyford lane 
Laws and Glynn, solicitors, 14, Grey-st 
Laws John, agent, 16, Marlborongh-cresnt 



Laws Peter, land surveyor, 



Market-st. : 



ho. 14, W^esley-slreet, Shieldfield 
Laws Wm. millwright. Back-lane 
Lawson Benjn. provision dealer, Sandgate 
Lawson Thomas, vict. Turk's Headlnn,14:, 

Quayside 
Lawson Frances, pi'ov. dlr. 7,Sunderland-st 
I^awson Geo. farmer, Minories, Jesmond 
Lawson James, vict. Cleveland Arms Inn, 

Manor-street 
Lawson John, wine and spirit merchant, 

67, West Clayton-street 
Lawson R. and Son, painters, 42 and 55, 

Northumberland-street 
Lawson Eobt. painter, (R. Lawson & Son) ; 

ho. Northumberland-street 
Lawson Robert, jun. painter, (R. Lawson 

and Son) ; ho. Northumberland -st 
Lawson R. & Son, joiners. Brewery -bank 
Lawson Robert, joiner, (R. Lawson & Sou, 

joiners) ; ho. Ouseburn 
Lawson Thomas, joiner, (R. Lawson and 

Son, joiners) ; ho. Ouseburn 
Lawson Thos. joiner & cartwright, Ousebn 
Lawton Benjamin Carr, contractor and 

builder, Elswick-villas 
LaxEsther Elizb. seminary, 4, Ridley-villas 
Lax Mary Ann, teacher, 24, Shieldfield-grn 
Laybourn A. and Co. spirit merchants, 20, 

Cloth Market 
Laycock Jos. & Co. iron merchants. 55, Close 
Laycock Joseph, iron merchant, (J. Lay- 
cock and Co.) ; ho. Winlaton 
Laycock Richard, iron merchant, (J. Lay- 
cock and Co.) ; ho. Winlaton 
Laycock Robert, iron merchant, (J. Lay- 
cock and Co.); ho. Winlaton 
Leach John, bootmaker. Brandling- village 
Leadbetter Edward, dentist, &c. 15, St. 
Nicholas's-churchyard 



DIRECTOKY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



^73 



Leadbitter Robt. solicitor, 50, T^'estgate-st ; 

ho. Eyton-grove 
Learkman Geo. shoemkr.l2, St. John's-lane 
Leathart James, lead manufaclnrer (Locke, 

Blackett & Co.) ; ho. Gallow-gate 
Lee Mrs. Jane, Jesraond-place 
Lee John, bookbinder, 5, St. John's-lane ; 

ho. 23, yrilliam-street 
Lee Lewis, general broker, 6, Pilgrim-street 
Lee Louisa, pawnbroker, 28, Blackett-st 
Lee Mary, lodgings, 14, Terrace-place 
Lee Mrs. Mary, 6, Leazes-crescent 
Lee IMatthew, gentl. 20, High CJaremont-pl 
Lee Robt. academy, 19, Northnmberland-st 
Lee Robt. butcher, 184, New Market ; ho. 

Gall ow-g ate 
Lee Robtert, cowkeeper, Gallow-gate 
Lee Thomas, cowkeeper, Gallow-gate 
Leech Thos. furniture broker, 16, Percy st 
L>eidemann A. & Co. merchants, 64, Quay 
Leidemann Augustus, merchant (A. Leide- 

mann & Co.) ; ho. 6, Higham-ptace 
Leidman Margaret, confectioner, 9, Shaks- 

peare street 
Leighton George, shopkeeper, Ballast-hills 
Leighton Henry, builder, 7, Cottenhara-st 
Leighton Joseph, grocer, East Ballast-hills 
Leighton Mrs. Mary, Cam den-street 
Leigbton Wm. cooper, Gallow-gate 
Leighton W. Brogg, printer, 7, Grain gei'-st 
Lei th head John, vict. King's Head Inn, St. 

Anthony's 
Lenders Hugh B. surgeon, 1, Union-street 
Lewis Cbarles, hairdrsr. 23, Pudding chare 
Le win Brothers, cap manufac. 61, Grey-st 
Leyboum D. mihinei^, 81, Pilgrim-street 
Liddell Christopher, cabinet-maker, 15, 

Prudhoe street 
Liddell Cuth. & John, tanners, Darncrook 
Liddell Edward & Co. cornfactors, 50, Quay 
Liddell Edward, corn factor (E. Liddell & 

Co.) ; ho. Jesmond-park 
Liddell IMr. Henry, Wesley-terrace 
Liddell Henry & Son, cork manufacturers, 

12, Sandhill ; ho. 2, New Bridge 
Liddell John, tanner (C. & J. Liddell) ; ho. 

6, Leazes-terrace 
Liddell John, surgeon, 100, Pilgrim- street 
Liddell John, innkeeper, Buxton-street 
Liddell Matt. prof, music, 109, Pilgrim-st 
Liddell Ptobt. wine merchant. 79, Grey-st; 

ho. 1, Prospect-place, Shieldfield 
Liddell Robert, brewer. Groat IMarket 
Liddell Thomas, laud surveyor & C. E. 50, 

Pilgrim-street 
Liddle David, beerhouse, and marine-store 

dealer, 105, Percey-street 

s 



Liddle Elizab. register office for servants. 

9 7, Westgate-street 
Liddle James, shipowner, 34, Richmond-st 
Liddle John S.prof. of music, 18, Oxford-st 
Liddle Thomas, match and blacking manu- 
facturer. Stepney 
Lightfoot Eliza and Mary Ann, strawbonnet 

dealers, Byker-bank 
Lightfoot Robert Twentyman, surgeon, 65, 

Northumberland-street 
Lightfoot Thomas, draper, Byker-bank 
Lilley Thomas, boot maker, East Ballast- 
hills 
Lilly white Ann, school, 15, Terrace-place 
Lindsay John, flour dealer. Friars 
Lindsay WiUiam, travelling draper, 8, West- 
moreland-street 
Linsley Jane, provision dealer, 171, Pilgrim- 
street 
Lishman Wm. S. comm. merchant (J. Hall 

& Co.); ho. Saltwell 
Lisle Robert, grocer, Tyne-street 
Lister Clement, silversmith (W. Lister & 

Sons); ho. 4, St. Thomas's-place 
Lister John, grocer, West Pitt-street 
Lister Ralph, firebricks, crucibles, gas re- 
torts, chemical aparatus, socket pipes, 
&c. manufacturer, Scotswood 
Lister Wm. & Sons, silversmiths, Mosley-st 
Lister William, silversmith, (W. Lister & 

Sons); ho. St. Thomas's-place 
Lister Wm. jun. silversmith (W. Lister & 

Sons) ; ho. 4, St. Thom.as^s-place 
Lithco Robert, tailor Ballast-hills 
Little Ann, sand mill, near Dixon's bdgs 
Little Ann J. register office for servants, 

101, Percy-street 
Little James, provision dealer, Gallow-gate 
Little John Henderson and Jas. LI enderson, 

tinplate workers, 81, Newgate-street 
Little Matthew, builder, Hedley-place 
Little Ralph, police inspector, Westgate- 

station 
Little Robert Henderson, plumber, 83, 

Newgate street 
Little William, grocer, 32, High Friar-st 
Littlewood John, gentleman, Endfield Lodge 

Els wick 
Livingston Archibald, hairdresser Stock- 
bridge 
Livingstone Robert, hairdresser, Sandgate 
Lock Mrs. Ann, 38, Jessamine place 
Locke, Blackett and Co. Leadworks, Close, 

GalloAvgate and St. Anthony's 
Locke John Arthur, lead manufacturer, 
(Locke, Blackett & Co.); ho. Combe, 
near Dulverton, Somersetshire 



274= 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Loades William, hop, porter, and com- 
mission merchant, and agent to J. M. 
Thome and Son, Nine Elms Brewery, 
London ; and to John & William Harvey 
& Co. distillers, Yoker ; and also to John 
and Eobert Harvey & Co. distillers, Dua- 
dass Hill, &c. ; office. Butcher-hank ; ho. 
YiUa-place, Gateshead 
Lockey Harle William, attorney, &c. 2, 

Butcher-hank; ho. Crow Hall 
Lockey James, provision dealer and cart- 
man, 26 and 27, Blackett-street 
Lockey John, cartpropr. 20, High Friar-st 
Lockey John, wholesale walking- stick manu- 
facturer, Seam street 
Lockey Robert, baker, 8, East Clayton-st 
Lodge John, provision dealer, Canada-st 
Lodge William, shoemaker, Harle-street 
Logan David, hardwareman, 23, Side 
Logan Eobert, provision dealer, George-st 
Longhurst George, grocer &: seed merchant, 

35, Mosley-street ; ho. Shieldfield 
Longridge J. A. & Co. coalowners, 59, Quay 
Loraine Miss Ann Eliza, 17, Pddley-place 
Loraine Catherine, bookseller, 23,Mosley-st 
Loraine Miss Jemima, 3, Ellison-place 
Losh James, Esq. B.L. judge of the County 
Court of Northumberland, 11, Clayton- 
street West 
Losh Wm. iron manufacturer (Losh, Wilson 

& Bell); ho. Point Pleasant, Wallsend 
Losh, Wilson & Bell, iron mnfrs. mrchts. 

&c. 37, Quay ; iron works at Walker 
Loten John, school, Croft-st. ; ho. Union-st 
Lotinga Calmer, ship broker (S. M. & C. 
Lotinga) ; ho. 14, Toll-square, North 
Shields 
Lotinga Samuel M. ship broker (S. ]\r. & 
C. Lotinga); ho. 6,Toll-sq.North Shields 
Lotinga S, I\L & Co. ship brokers, 62, Quay 
Loughran Henry, clothes dlr. 5,Gallow-gate 
Lowe Henry boot maker, 13, Grainger- st 
Lowenberg Joseph D. professor of lan- 
guages, 35, Blackett-street 
Lowes Edward, vict. Lord Nelson Inn 

Colvin's-chare 
Lowes John, cheesemonger, 107, East Clay- 
ton-street 
Lowes John, hairdresser. Queen-street 
Lowes Jno. pro\dsion dealer, Sandyford-lane 
Lowes Phillis, grocer, Byker-bar 
Lowes Thomas, vict. Thornton Arms Inn, 

Thornton-street 
Lowes and Usher, grocers, 36, West Clay- 
ton-street 
Lowis Wm. provision dealer, 98, Percy-st 
Lowrey Mrs. Barbara^ Shieldfield House 



Lowis Wills, vict. Ship Tavern, York street, 

Ouseburn 
Lowrey George, picture frame maker, 10, 

Bigg Market ; ho. Wesley-street 
Lowrey Miss Isabella, 4, Sandyford-place 
Lowrey Thomas, gentleman, 5, Lovaine-pl 
Lowry John, builder, joiner, house cai-penter, 
cartwright, and spring carriage maker, 
Ord-street; ho. 5, Scotswood-i'oad 
Lowry Pilchard, manager of Newcastle and 
Carlisle goods station; ho, 4, Scots- 
wood-road 
Lowry Lowthin Jane, register office for 

servants, Denton-chare 
Lowry Thomas, furniture broker, Pilgrim-st 
Lowthian Wm. shoemaker, 45, Prudhoe-st 
Lcwthin T. artist, 63, West Clayton-street 
Lucas John, tailor, 4, Charlotte-square 
Luckley George, butcher, 173, New Market; 

ho. 11, St. James's street 
Ludwig H. G. merchant, &c. (Saniter, Lud- 

wig Sz Co.); ho. 39, Carhol-street 
Lugton Alex, spirit mrcht. 41, Groat Market 
Lumley Isabella, stay maker, &c. 16, Cohing- 

wood-street 
Lumsdon Burn, vict. Newcastle Arms Inn, 

Lime street 
Lumsdon Ehzabeth, grocer, Gallow-gate 
Lumsdon Jas. flour dealer, 17, Union-st. ; 

ho. 31, Westmoreland-terrace 
Lumsdon John Belough, grocer, 28, Bigg 

Market; ho. 31, Westmoreland-street 
Lundi Frederico, figure and mould maker. 

Park-place and Percy-place 
Lunn James, commission agent, 6, Broad- 
chare ; ho. Wilkinson's-buildings 
Lunn James Eobson, shipbroker. Broad- 
chare ; ho. Wilkinson's-buildings 
Lund John E. provision dealer, 73, Percy-st 
Lunn Eobert, whipmaker, 37, Bigg Market; 

ho. 34, West Clayton- street 
Lunn Wm. Eobson, grocer, 19, Mosley st. ; 

ho. 12, Eldon-street 
Lupton Henry Bannister, pawnbroker, 7 
and 8, Pilgrim-st.; ho. 22, Oxford-street 
Lynn John, vict. Ttvo Bidls' Heads Inn, 6, 

Blackgate 
Lynn Thomas, agent, 39, Jessamine-place 
Lyon Miss Christiana E. 5, St. Thomas's-st 

MACDONALD Chas. & Co. confectioners, 

22, Dean-street 
Macdonald John, tailor, 8, Collin gwood-st 
Macdonald Mrs. Maria, 21, Richmond-st 
Macdonald Mary, confectioner, 20, Nelson-st 
Maclnnis Duncan, coffee roaster, foot of 

Westgate-street 



DIKECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPOK-TYNE. 



S75 



Macgregor D. vict. Phoenix, 23, Newgate-st 
Mack Kobt, auctioneer (Anderson & Mack) ; 

ho. East Parade 
Mack William, reporter for " Guardian," 

2, York-street 
Mackeand Alex, draper, 3, Derwent-place 
Mackeand Andrew, draper, 34, Blackett-st 
Mackeand J. diaper, 13, Percy-street 
Mackeand James, draper, 18, Albion-street 
Mackeand "Wm, Burnie, draper, 3, Albion-st 
Mackenzie Daniel, vict. Masons' Arms Inn, 

51, Newgate-street 
Mackey George, vict. and butcher, Bay 

Horse Inn, Byker-bar 
Mackey liawrence, common brewer and 
beer retailer, 20,EastClayton-st; brewery, 
Arthur's-hill 
Mackey, Smith & Co. drapers, 67, Quay 
Mackey Thos. Gordon, com. traveller, 9, 

Albion-place 
Mackey Wm. draper (Mackey, Smith & 

Co.) ; ho. 9, Elswick--villas 
Mackinnon Thos. accountant, Prospect-pl 
Mackintosh Donald, lunatic asylum pro- 
prietor, Bath-lane 
Macliver & Bradley, proprietors of the 
Guardian newspaper, 37, Grainger-street 
Macliver Peter S. printer, &c. (Macliver & 
Bradley) ; ho. 15, St. Thomas's-crescent 
Macnicol Jane, prov. dealer, 36, Percy-st 
Macran Edw. oyster depot, 9, High Bridge 
Macready George, bookseller, New Market ; 

ho. 4, Sunderland- street 
Maddison George, grocer, Scotswood-road 
Maddison John, upholsterer, 2, Spital-place 
Maddison Joseph, grocer, &c. 22, New- 
gate-street ; ho. Low Friar-street 
Mafham Francis, tailor, Leazes-lane 
Magall Wm. superintendent of Lunatic 

Asylum, Bath-lane 
Maillard Alice, vict. Queen Victoria Inn, 

Sundeiiand-street 
Main David D. secretary to Water Com- 
pany, 8, Grey-street ; ho. 18, Eldon-place 
Main Edward & Co. clothiers, 7, Grey-st. 
74, West Clayton-st. and 23, Grainger-st 
Main John, agent, Napier-street 
Major Martha, vict. Punch Bowl Inn, Mino- 

ries, Jesmond 
Major Kobert, provision dealer, Inghara-pl 
Makepeace Gabriel,stone mcht.Elswick-lane 
Makepeace Ridley, bookkeeper, Cental Sta- 
tion, Newcastle and Carlisle Eailway; 
ho. East Parade 
Makepeace Robert, chief accountant, Cen- 
tral Station, Newcastle and Carlisle Rail- 
way ; ho. East Parade 



Malcolm Robert, schoolmaster (Bell S^ 

Malcolm) ; ho. Trafalgar-street 
Maling Christopher T. earthenware mnfr 
Ouseburn Bridge Pottery; ho. Shield- 
field-green 
Mahng John, Ouseburn Old Pottery; ho, 

Shieldiield-green 
Maling Robert, Ouseburn Bridge Pottery ; 

ho. 17, Ridley-villas 
Maling Mr. Robert, Shieldfield- green 
Maling Wm. chemist, 42, Grey-street : ho. 

8, Nixon-street 
Mallabar Elizabeth, milliner and dress- 
maker, Adelaide-place 
Makings Fred. Wait, draper, Buckingham-st 
Manchester Ratcliffe Thos. gentleman, 1, 

Ellison-place 
Manford F. W. surgeon, Portland-place, 

New Bridge-st 
Manly Peter, vict. Three Tuns Inn, Sandgate 
Mann Elizabeth, milliner, 16, Hew^ill-terr 
Mann John, agent, 16, Hewgill-terrace 
Mann Robt. agent, 12, Blenheim-street 
Manners Miss, 56, Eldon-street 
Manners Wm. 'Bvo-wn,\ict. Old Plough Inn, 

Bigg Market 
Manuel Lewis, tailor & draper, 11, Dean-st 
March Joseph, joiner, 32, Pudding-chare 
Margison William, grocer. High Wesley-st 
Marks David, jeweller. Seam-street 
Marley Hill Coking Company, 12, Quay 
Marley John, cbemist, 12, Grainger-street; 

ho. 10, Villa-place 
Marley John, gentleman, 19, High Clare- 

mont-place 
Marley John, vict. Royal Oak Inn, Back: 

Eldon-street 
Marley Samuel, cutler, &c. 70, Westgate-st 
Marr Elizabeth, greengrocer, 205, New 

Market ; ho. Blagdon-street 
Marr Wm. vict. and violin maker, Three 

Jolly Sailors Inn, Sandgate 
Marshall and Atkinson, grocers, 10 and 11, 

Bridge-end 
Marshall Charles, grocer, 68, Northumber- 
land-street ; ho. 10, Saville court 
Marsh all F. druggist, &c. 52, W. Clayton-st; 

ho. 25, Westmoreland-terrace 
Marshall Geo. agent, 41, Westmoreland-ter 
Marshall Geo. piano forte tuner, 13, Bruns- 
wick-place 
Marshall Jos. agnt. 30, Westmoreland ter 
Marshall Mrs. Mary, 34, Westmoreland-ter 
Marsball Richd. ancf Geo. corn merchants, 

42, Sandhill; ho. 10, Blackett- street 
Marshall Richard Anthony, malster, itc. 
Pandon; ho. Blackett- street 



976 



DIEECTOPtY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TTNE. 



Marshall Eobert, vict. Britannia Inn, 

Chnrchill-street 
Marshall Sarah, dressmaker, Camden-st 
Marshall Thomas, flour dealer, 71, West 

Clayton-street ; ho. 15, Blandford-street 
Marshall W. C. & Co. grocers, G2, Pilgrim-st 
Marshall William Christie, grocer, (W. C. 

Marshall & Co. and IMarshall & Atkin- 
son) ; ho. 42, Eldon-street 
Marshall Wm. tobacnst. 17, Marlborongh-st 
Marston Joseph, bookseller, and circulating 

librar}', 7, Moslej -street 
Martin Elizabeth, lodgings, 90, Blenheim-st 
Martin James, plasterer, He-wgill-teiTace 
Martin Mr. John, 8, Blenheim-street 
Martin William, cabinet maker, IG, High 

Friar-street; ho. 5, Lisle-street 
Martin Robert, clerk, 3, St. Thomas's-ter 
Martin Walter, clerk, 17, St. James's-street 
MartinsonEbt. bank agnt. 8,St.Thomas's-ter 
Martinson William, merchant, Broad-chare 
Mason J.- H. vict. Nag's Head-Inn, 20, 

Cloth Market 
Mason John B. gentleman, 10, Ehison-pl 
Mason Margaret, lodgings, 10, Terrace-pl 
Mastaglio Yittoria, toy merchant, 24, Grain- 

ger-street 
Masterman Thomas, vict. Fighting Cock 

Inn, Cutbank 
Matfin WiUiam, fruit merchant, 188-90, 

New Market; ho. New-road 
Masterton Geo. Mitchell, actuary of Savings 

Bank, Arcade ; ho. West-st. Gateshead 
Mather Edward, solicitor, 76, Grey-street; 

ho. 9, Lovaine-place 
Mather Ehzabeth, lodgings, Carliol-street 
IMather John, ironm.onger, etc. 13 and 14 

Dean-street ; ho. 10, St. Mary's-teiTace 
Mather Joseph, banker, 29, West-parade 
[Mather Miss Sarah, 58, Percy-street 
Mather Mrs. Sarah, 11, Terrace place 
Mather Thomas, upholsterer, 102, Percj'-st 
Mather Wilham, cowkeeper, 9, Welling- 
ton-street 
Mather AVilliam, gentleman, 5, Eldon-sq 
Mather Ywlliam, prov. dlr. and merchant 

tailor, 18, Churchill-street 
MaihewsonW. J. butcher, Gibson-st. and 

Gosforth-street 
Mathison Antbony, agent, 7, St. Ann's-row 
Mathison, Elizab. prov. dealer, Gosforth-st 
I\Iathison Mary Ann, confectioner, 6, New- 

gate-st. ; ho. 3, St. John's-lane 
Mathison Thos. draper, 56, Northumber- 
land-street 
Mathwin Thomas, commission agent, 1, 

St. Thomas's -square 



Mathison Thomas, draper, Carliol-street 
Math^yin Wm. shipbroker (Joseph Heald 

& Co.) ; ho. 18, Oxford-street 
Matthewson Wm. btchr, Victoria Market, 

and Gosforth-street ; ho. York-street 
Mattinson Thomas, draper (Wilson and 

Mattinson); 6, York-street 
Maughan James, beerhouse, 9, George-st 
Maughan Jane, lodgings, Canada-ten-ace 
Maughan Eleanor, furnitm'e broker, 156, 

Pilgrim-street 
Maughan Joseph, agent, PaUister's-chare; 

ho. 15, Richmond-street 
Maughan Matthew, vict. Hay marhet Hotel, 

74, Percy-street 

Maughan Mary, furniture broker, 189, 

Pilgrim-street 
Maughan William, merchant tailor, 12, 

Plnmraer-street, Scotswoodroad 
Maule John, hairdresser, 10, Darncrook; 

ho. 8, Spring Garden-terrace 
Mawson John, chemist, 13, Moslej'-street ; 

homoeopathic chemist, and importer, 

of yeast, &c. 13. Northumberland-street, 

and at Sunderland ; ho. Elysium, Bens- 
ham, Gatesbead 
Mawson Mrs. Mary 5, Carlton-place 
Maxwell John, cheesemonger, 2, East 

Clayton-street 
Maxwell Jno. gentleman, 9, Tindal-street 
Maxwell Robt. T. pawnbrkr. 63, Pilgrim-st 
May Edward, provision dealer, Gosforth-st 
Mayer K. clockmaker, 91, Newgate-street 
McAleenan Bernd. vict. Cumberland House 

Inn, Y^'estgate-street 
McAlhster Jas. bootmaker, East Ballast-hill 
McAllister Samuel, builder, Carliol- square 
McAllum, R. B. shav/1 warehouseman (Hall 

& Co.); ho. 62, Eldon-street 
McBean, Mrs. eating house, 5, Manor-st 
McBride James, draper, 85, Blandford-st 
IMcBryde Peter, draper, 5, Eorth-lane 
McCall Matthew, prov. dealer. Stock Bridge 
McCall ^Yi^iam, vict. Duke of Cumberland 

Tavern, 11, Close 
McCaw, Archibald, bootmaker, 6, Low 

Friar-street 
McCormick Jas. clothes dealer, Denton-ch 
McCormick James, dealer in sundries, 

21, Pudding-chare 
McCormick Jno. mattress maker, Dogbank 
McCree Andrew, cart proprietor (T. & A. 

McCree); ho. 37, Low Friar-street 
McCree Margaret, tripe preparer, &c. 37, 

Low Friar-street 
McCree Thos. & Andrew, cart proprietors, 

75, Quay 



DIEECTORY OF NEWCASTLE>-UPON-TYNE. 



^11 



MeCree Thomas, cart proprietor, (T. & A. 

McCrae); ho. Douglas-terrace 
McCree Weq. T. cart proprietor Quay ; ho. 

7, Xun-sti'eet 
I\IcDonald James, tailor, 8, Collin gwood-st 
McDonald Neil, hairdres. 3, Painter-heugh 
McDonald Nicholas, bootm aker, Low Bridge 
McDonald Thomas Ogilvie, upholsterer, 12, 

Fleece-court, Gallow-gate 
McEwen Wm. tailor. Dog-bank 
I\IcGee Wm. bootmaker, 4, Marlborough-st 
McGregor Alex, watch glass manufacturer, 

5, Union-street 
McGregor Duncan, vict. Phanix Inn, 23, 

Newgate-street 
McGregor Duncan, maiine store dealer. 

Folly, New-quay 
McGregor Wm. vict. Crystal Fountain Inn, 

Fenkle-street 
McHarg Anthony, draper, 5, Derwent-pl 
Mclnnes Duncan, cofFee roaster, 3, West- 

gate-st, ; ho. Hanover-square 
IMcIntosh David, prov. dealer, Bailiff-gate 
Mclntyre and Arthur, drapers, 19 and 20, 

Grainger-street 
Mclver Mary, boot dealer, 75, Side 
McKay Isabella H. schoolmistress. Union 

School for girls, Bath-lane 
McKay, John, tinplate worker, Elswick-lane 
McKay John, jun. hosier (T.C.& J. McKay); 

5, Stepney-terrace 
McKay Thos. hosier (T. G. & J. McKay) ; 

ho. 19, Eavensworth-terrace, Gateshead 
McKay T. C. & J. jun. hosiers, 24, Sandhill 
McKay Eobert, bookseller & stationer. 

Pink-lane 
McKenna Michael, plasterer, 26, Upper 

Buxton-street 
McKelvin Gavin, brewer. Bailey-street 
McKenzie Charles, agent, 33, Carliol-street 
McKenzie James, engraver, 40, Grainger-st; 

ho. 24, Edward-street 
McKenzie Margt. prov. de&ler, St. Peter's 
McKenzie E. J. brazier, &c. 69, Northum- 
berland-street 
McKie Wm. soda water manufacturer, Dis- 
pensary-lane 
McLane Bernd. beerhouse, 24, Pudding-ch 
McLaughlin Samuel, clothes dlr. Dog-bank 
McLen Wm. commercial traveller, 25, Els- 
wick East-terrace 
McLeod Andrew, shipbuilder, S. Shields; 

ho. New Bridge-street 
McLeod Isabella, ale and porter retailer, 

3, Prudhoe-street 
McLean John, beerhouse, Milk Market 
McLeary James & Sam, gardeners, Heaton 



McLoughlin Sam. clothes dealer, Dog-bank 
McKie John, boot and shoemaker, Pink- 
lane, or Westwalls, Westgate-street 
McLeownan Mrs. Margt. 57, Leazes-terrace 
McMinnies Wm. news agent, 24, Nelson-st 
McNab Mrs. Ann, 7, Elswick-row 
McNay T. F. surgeon, 9, Gibson-street 
McNeil Wm. public baker, St. Mary's-street, 

Sandgate 
McNally John, tailor, 29, Pligh Friar-street 
McNulty Bernard, linen and woolen draper, 

Castle-garth 
McPherson Ann, dressmaker, 10, Bruns- 
wick-place 
McQueen Eobert, cutler, 45, Grainger-st. ; 
ho. 3, St. Cuthbert's-terrace, Gateshead 
McQuillan Wm. clothes dlr. 29, Butcher bk 
INIcEaith Mary Ann, vict. Sir Eobert Peel 

Inn, Tyne-street 
McWilham Archibald, draper, 21, Y\^est- 

moreland-terrace 
McWilliams Bernard, vict. Fox Hounds, 

Byker-hill 
Mc"\Vil]iams Fraser, vict. Hibernian Tavern, 

11, King-street 
McWilliams John, vict. Steam Boat Inn, 

East Ballast-hills 
Meek Thos. cabinet miaker, 60, Newgate-st 
Meek Thomas, miller. Chimney -mills 
Meier Eudolphe, shipbroker, 5, Broad- 
chare; ho. 14, Carhol street 
Mein Jas. glass painter, 8, i\J ansfield-street 
Mein Eobt. grocer, lo, Buckingham-street 
Meldrum Ehzb. lodgings, Leazes-road 
Melhuish Thos. agent, 11, Sandyford-place 
Mellar Ann, leather cutter, Foot of the Quay 
Mellar John, gentleman, 2, Queen-square 
Melrose Jas. engine builder and machine 

maker, Erick-street 
Melville Wm. mustard manfr. 2, Carlton-st 
Mennell Geo. coalowner, 9, Eldon-place 
Merraco Mrs. 3, St. Thomas's-square 
Messenger John, butter dlr. 21, H. Friar-st 
Messenger Jos. painter, 22, High Bridge 
Metcalf John, butcher, 1, Galiow-gate ; ho. 

5, AVesley-street, Sliieldfield 
Metcalf Eichard, tailor, Lime-street 
Metcalf Thos. grocer, 34, High Friar st 
Mew Elizabeth, saddler, 13(j, Pilgrim-st ; 

ho. Bensham 
Mewburn Simon, builder, Pandon-deau 
Mewers Thomas, vict. Cooksows Arms Inn, 

Arthur's Hill 
Mewers Thos. grocer, 45, Howard-street 
Michael J. com. travlr. 28, Cun\berland-rw 
Mickle Wm. agent, St. Lawrence 
Mickle William, manager, St- Lawrence 



^n 



DIEECTOKY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TtNE. 



MicKLEY Coal Co.'s Office, 39, Quayside 
Midcllemass Andw, accountant & insurance 

agent, Arcade ; ho. 19, Blackett-street 
Middlemiss John, inspector of Corx^oration 

works, 27, Eailway-street 
Middlemiss Mark, watchmkr. 8, Bigg Mkt 
Middleton John, colhery agent, 37, Quay ; 

ho. 30, West Parade 
Middleton John, vict. Jesmond Field House 

Inn, Jesmond-neld 
Middleton John, shipbroker, 44, Quayside 
Middleton Margaret, hosier, Westgate 
Middleton Eoger, gentleman, 7, Tindal st 
Milbum Ann, vict.TFa(75ronInw, Manor-chare 
Milburn Elizabeth, milliner, Pilgrim street 
Milburn Geo. cowkeeper. Oak's place 
Milburn Geo. Tem]jerance Hotel, 13, West 

Clayton-street 
Milburn Henry, agent, Trafalgar-street 
Milburn Henry, cowkeeper, 7, Shield street 
Milburn James, draper, 101, Blenheim-st 
Milburn John, shoedealer, 69, Side 
Milburn Joseph, ironmonger, 10, Union-st; 

ho. 15, Cumberland-row 
Milburn Joseph, draper, 110 Side ; ho. 11, 

Eyehill 
Milburn Joseph, shoemaker, 55, St. Nicho- 

las's-square; ho. 7, Westgate 
Milburn Joseph, joiner and cabinet maker, 

Eldondane ; ho. Shield-street 
Milburn Thomas, agent, Carl ton-street 
Milburn Thos. provision dlr. 1, Waterloo-st 
Milbourn John, provision dealer, Carliol-st 
Milbourn W. plumber, 77, Pilgrim-street; 

ho. 40, Carliol-street 
Miles, White, & Co. law stationers, 23, Quay 
Millar Archibald, hat manufacturer (Millar 

Brothers) ; ho. Eyehill 
Millar Brothers, hat manufaetrs. 1, Grey-st 
Miller Edward, draper, Adelaide-terrace 
Miller Edward, pro^dsion dealer, Sandgate 
Miller Isabella, greengrocer, 238, NewMrkt 
Miller James, baker, Glover's-court, New- 
gate-street; ho. 10, Brunswick place 
Miller James, shipowner, 40, Eldon-st 
Miller James, surgeon, 45, Westgate-st 
Miller Jno. clerk of St. Andrew's, 10, Stam- 

fordham place 
Miller John, gentleman, Gosforth-st 
Miller J. ironmonger, &c. 37, W. Clayton-st 
Miller John, fruiterer, 67, Percy-st 
Miller John, cartman, &c. Green-court 
Miller Joseph, accountant, 21, Dean-st ; ho. 

4, Summerhill-ter 
Miller Joseph, agent. East Elswick-teiTace 
Miller Jos. provisn. dlr. 23, MarJborough-st 
Miller Sarah, provision dealer, Lawson-st 



IMiller Eev. Patrick L. (Presbyterian) 18, 

West-parade 
Miller William, ale and porter merchant, 

54, Pilgrim-street, and wine merchant, 

32, Bigg Market; ho. 37, Cariiol-st 
Miller Wm. vict. Queen's Head and Posting 

House Inn, 137, Pilgrim-st. &7], Grey-st 
Millican Wm. provision dlr. 24, George-st 
MiUigan AVm. bookseller, 11, Edward-st 
Mills Esther, milliner, 45, Newgate-street 
Mills Geo. wood turner, 27, Bigg Mai'ket; 

ho, 1, Summerhill 
IMills Jane, Yict. Flying Horse Inn,SQ, Groat 

Market 
Mills John, brassfounder, plumber, gas- 
fitter, and safety-lamp manufacturer, 5, 

Eorth- street 
Mills John, butcher, High Bridge ; ho. 

White Swan-yard 
Mills Joseph, saddler, 29, Market-street; 

ho. 6, Bruns^vick-place 
Mills Eobert, butcher, 29, High Bridge ; 

ho. White Swan-yard 
Mills William, agent, 7, Picton-terrace 
Milmore Patrick, treacle manufacturer, 

Victoria Market 
Milmore Jas. treacle manufacturer, Market- 
place, Gibson-st 
Milne James, civil engineer, Westgate 

House 
Milne Mary Ann, seminary, Westgate 
Milner Edward, cm-rier, 11, Cloth Market; 

ho. 9, Charlotte-square 
Milner George, butcher, 119, New Market, 

and Gateshead 
Milner Joseph, hardwareman, 40, Grey-st ; 

ho. 3. Claremont-place 
Milvain Henry, shipowner North Elswick 

Hall 
Milvain James, draper, 8, Albion-street 
Minikin John, grocer, Carlton-street 
Minto Eobertj vict. Blue Bell Inn, Byker 
Mitchell Alexander, prov. dlr. Trafalgar-st 
Mitchell Jno. cattle salesman, 2, W. Parade 
Mitchell Margt. prov. dlr. 33, Butcher bank 
Mitchell Wm. builder, 27, Villa- place 
Mitchell Wilham, corn factor, 46, Sandhill; 

ho. Lancaster-st 
Mitcheson Pearson, flushing dlr. New-road 
Mitchison Ebenezer, butcher, St. Peter's 
Mitchison Eobt. butcher, 133, New Market; 

ho. St. Peter's-quay 
Mitchison Thos. joiner, St. Peter's-quay 
Mitchison Wm. whitesmith, 27, Bigg Mrkt 
Mitcheson Joseph, vict. Mechanics' Arms, 

Temple-street 
Mitcheson Ann, shopkeeper, Ponteland-ter 






DIRECTORY OP NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



S79 



Mitford Thomas, stationer, 8, Union-street; 
ho. Stowell-square 

Moat Ann, fruiterer, 5, Percy-street; ho. 
Leazes-crescent 

Moat George T. vict. Oak Leaf Inn, 67, 
Northumberland-street 

Moat Mrs. Jane, 21, Leazes-crescent 

Moat John, confectioner, 16, Nelson-street, 
Grainger street 

Moat Thomas, plasterer and builder, 103, 
Blandford street 

Moffat Alexander, tailor, 5, Westgate- street 

Moffat David & ^yilham, drapers, 4, Char- 
lotte-square 

Moffat ^Ym. boot maker, 17, Waterloo-st 

Moffdtt Robert, draper, 56, Westgate-street 

Moffatt Thos. draper, 40, AVestgate- street 

Moffet E. tailor, 112, Side 

Moffett John, provision dealer and cheese- 
monger, 10, Westgate-street 

Moffett John, jun. bacon factor, 142, New 
Market 

Moffet & Sou, bacon factors, &c.'^ 45 & 46, 
New Market 

Moffett William, butcher, 3, New Market ; 
ho. Westgate-street 

Moffit Wm. boot & shoemaker, Waterloo-st 

Moises Miss Eliza Frances, East-parade 

Mole Anthony, tailor, Scotswood-road 

Mole Matthew, grocer, Thompson street 

Mole Thomas, carver and gilder, C, High 
Bridge 

Molteni Alexander, furniture broker, 185, 
Pilgrim-street 

Molteni Angelo, flocks dlr, 28, High Bridge 

Molteni Christmas, toymercht. Grainger-st 

IMonkhouse, Andersons & Fairbairn, wine 
and spirit merchants, 6, Side 

Monkhouse Jos. provision dealer, Maiden- 
walk street 

Monkhouse Maria, fruiterer, 9, Quay 

Monro. Wm. whip manufacturer. Stepney; 
ho. Little Heaton 

Montgomery Anthony, marble and orna- 
mental mas^n, New Bridge-street; ho. 
Prudhoe-street 

Montgomery John, painter and glazier, 
Infant-schoolyard, Castle-garth 

Montgomery John, plasterer and modeller, 
92, Percy-street; ho. 15, Prudhoe-street 

Montgomery Thomas draper, 105, Blen- 
heim-street 

Moody Piev. Clement, vicar of Newcastle, 
Vicarage, Westgate-street 

Moody Daniel G. fruit merchant, 77, Quay; 
ho. 8, Picton-place 

Moon James, dlr. in old clothes, 34, Side 



Moor Geo. cabinet maker, 31, Mo.sley-st 
ho. 1, Mint-street, Rye-hill 

Moor Thomas, butcher, 19, New Market 

Moore Ann, dealer in sundries, Buxton-st 

Moore John, vict. Goat Inn, Arthur's Hill 

Moore John, marine store dealer. East 
Ballast-hills 

Moore Merrington John, vict. Grey Bull 
Inn, 31, Westmoreland-street, and 80, 
Blandford- street 

Moore R. C. vict. Steam Boat Inn, Sandgate 

Moran Thos. marine store dealer, 4 Low 
Friar-street; ho. 2, Back-lane 

Mordue Charles pawnbroker, Ouse-street 

Morgan John, teacher of the Ragged School, 
Gibson-street 

Mork H. P. broker, 62, Quay; ho. Ryehill 

Morland T. G. & Co. music- sellers, 29, 
Collingwood-street 

Morland, Thos. Gile«5, music-seller, (T. G. 
Morland & Co.) ho. Picton-place 

Morland Thomas, cheesemonger, 98, Side; 
ho. 3, Walker-terrace, Gateshead 

Morpeth Wm. joiner & carpenter, Bath-lane; 
ho. Westgate 

Morris Henry, clothes dlr. 65, Newgate-st. 

Morrison & Co. paper-stainers, decorators, 
hangers and importers of French paper- 
hangings, and dealers in floor-cloths, 11, 
East Clayton-street 

Morrison Eleanor, vict. Globe Tavern, 
Rosemary-lane 

Morrison H. F. sailmaker, Colvin's-chare ; 
ho. Argyle-terrace 

Morison Jas. coal merchant, 1, Gresham-pl 

Morrison Jno. \ict. Electric Telegraph Inn, 
Orchard-street 

Morrison John, sole inventor of the trans- 
parent adhesive court and corn plaster; 
manufactory, 50, Leazes Crescent 

Morrison J. L. paper-stainer (Morrison & 
Co.); 11, East Clajton-street 

Morrison Robert, civil engineer; ho. 11, 
Ryehill 

Morrison Robert, draughtsman, 11, Els- 
wick-villas 

Morrison R. & Co. engine & boiler builders, 
Ouseburn Engine Works 

Morrison Robert, engine and boiler builder 
(R. Morrison &Co.); ho. Elswick-vilhis 

Morrison Walter, hosier, 1, Grainger-street 
and 2, Blackett-street 

Morris Solu. furniture broker, 29, Blackett- 
street, and 33, Westgate-street 

Morrow Margaret, vict. Fannefs Inn, Marl- 
horough-street 

Morrow jMark, agent, Lawson-street 



S80 



DIEECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Morrow Eotert John, grocer, 14, Side; ho. 

15, Eidley-yillas 
Morrow Thos. manufacturing chemist (St. 

Lawrence Chem. Co.); ho. 48, Blackett-st 
Mort Isabella, confectioner, 108, Side 
Mort Jas. hat manufacturer, 15, Vine-lane 
Morton Elizb. grocer, High Clareraont-pl 
Morton Edwd. prov. dealer. East Elswick-tr 
Morton Michael, grocer, Stowell-street 
Morton Sarah, 11, Albion-street 
Morton Wm. draper, 9, Grey-street; ho. 2, 

Picton-teiTace 
Mosely Ephraim and Son, dentists, 34, 

Grainger-street, & CI, Grosvenor-street, 

London 
Moses Sirs. Ann, 5, Leazes-crescent 
Mosey Eichd. fishmonger, 30, "Westgate-st 
Mosley Thos. butcher, 93, New Market ; ho. 

5, Butcher-bank 
Mosley J. shipbroker, 32, Broad-chare ; ho. 

Bath-lane 
Mossman William, vict. Old Pack Horse, 

150, Pilgrim-street 
MouatPeter,tobacconist,&c. (Mouat&Co.); 

ho. 19, Cumberland-row 
Mouat and Co. tobacconists, 10, Grainger- 
street, and tea dealers, 21, Market-st 
Mould Elizab. Ann, 86, Blenheim street 
Mounsey & Clapham, merchants, 29, Quay 
Mounsey Edward, merchant (Mounsey & 

Clapham) ; ho. 55, John-st. Sunderland 
Mounsey, Janson & Co. iron merchants; 

oflBce, 9, Grey-st; warehouse, Southshore 
Mounsey Jasper Capper, iron merchant 

(Mounsey, Janson & Co.) ; ho. 27, John- 
street, Sunderland 
Mountain Mrs. Margaret, 3, St. Mary's-ter 
Mountain Wm. gentleman, 1, Summer-hill- 
grove 
Mountain William & Sons, wireworkers, 

importers of French burr stones, 81, 

Pilgrim-sti-eet 
Mowbray C. M. konmonger, 49, Quay ; ho. 

Summerhill. 
Muers Jane, vict. Blenlieim House Inn, 

Marlborough-street 
Muir James, marine-store dlr. Byker-bar 
Muir Walter, draper, 103, Blenheim-street 
Mulcaster J. P. barrister, 51, Westgate-st ; 

ho. Benwell-park. 
Mullm Andrew, vict. Hole-i7i-the-Wall, Inn, 

Stockbridge. 
Mullin Peter, New Flax Mill Inn, Onsehnra 
Mundill John, agent, 35, Shield street 
Munro Geo. draper, 80, W. Clajton-street 
Munro Isabella, lodgings, 10, Blackett-st 
Munro John, chairman, St. Andrew's-court 



Munro Mary, dressmaker, 10, Westgate-st 
Muras George registrar for lodgings, 17, 

Northumberland-street 
Murdock Geo. ropemaker, 20, Percy-street 
Murdock Eobt. hemp merchant, 69, Quay ; 

ho. 20, Percy- street 
Mures Wm. Lawson, agent for Tyne and 

Humber Stm. Nav. Co. 12, Melbom^ne-st. 
MuiTay Adam, silk mercer & laceman 14, 

Northumbei'land-street 
Murray Hamilton, chem. & druggist, 1 &2, 

Elswick-lane ; ho. 18. West-st. Gateshead 
Murray Francis, vict. Queen's Head Inn, 

Gallow-gate 
Murray Henrietta, French milhner, 14, 

Northumberland-street 
Murray James, keeper of museum, Library- 
place, Y>"estgate-street 
Murray John, brassfndr. &c.,Painter-heugh 
Murray John, provision dlr. Byker-baiik 
Murray Peter, bookseller, 119, New Market; 

ho. 29, Stowell-street 
Murray Eobt. \ict. Half 3Ioon Inn, Bykev-hr 
Murray Wm. dairyman, head of Gallov/-gate 
Murray Wm. shoemaker, St. Martin's-court 
Murthwaite Wm. poulterer, Westgate ; ho. 

3, Blenheim-street 
Mm-ton Edward, butcher, 55, Newgate-st 
Murton Edward, provision dealer, 40, 

Elswick East-terrace 
Murton Geo. grocer, 2, Bigg Market; ho. 

(3, Georges-street, East 
Murton Isab. provision dealer, Trafalgar-st 
Murton Michael, grocer, 35, Stowell-street 
Muse Joshua, miller, Pandon-dean 
Muse Michael, timber merchant, Skinners'- 

burn. Close; ho.. 24, Blandford-street 
Musgrove John, coal owner (Wheatley & 

Musgrove); ho. High Pitt-street 
IMusgrove Thos. grocer, Dixon's-buildings 
Muston Edward, agent, 22, West-parade 
Myers Backhouse, manufacturing chemist 

(Myers Brothers) ; 3, Albion-street 
Myers Brothers, manufacturing chemists, 

68, Pilgrim street 
Myers Christopher, manufacturing chemist 

(Myers Brothers); ho. Dunston 
Myers Thomas, cowkeeper, Back-lane 
Myers Wm. H. mauufac. chem. (Myers 

Brothers) ; ho. West Elswick-ten-ace. 

NAIEN John, tailor, 75, Northumberlud-st 
Nairn Philip, corn miller and merchant, 

24, Cloth Market ; ho. Waren miUs, near 

Belford 
Nanson Jos. coalfitter, 12,Westgate-hill-ter 
Naters Ealph, brewer & malstr. Sandyford. 



SlRECTOilY OF NEWCASfLE-tfr'ON-TTNl!. 



S81 



National Guaedi^n Insueance Company, 
1, Dean-street; local manager, B. Dill- 
yard ; ho. 16, Bloomfield -terrace, Gates- 
head. 
Nayler Wm. chemist, 97, Pilgrim -street 
Naylor Andrew, hairdresser, 6], Quay 
Naylor Nathaniel, fruit merchant 18, 

Nelson-street 
Neale George, collector for Whittle Dean 

Water Company, Forth banks 
Nell Anne Elizb. dressmaker, 19, Duke-st 
Nelles Christopher, provision dealer, 34, 

Westgate -sti-eet 
Nelles Wm. builder, Leazes road, Percy-st; 

ho. 12, Pitt street 
Nelson Henry, ship broker, 32, Quay ; ho. 

Frederick-street, South Shields 
Nelson John, provision dealer, Chapel-lane 
Nelson Mary, register office for servants, 

Westgate 

Neill William, head master and secretary 

of the Northern Counties Deaf & Dumb 

Institution, Charlotte square 

Nesham Wm. candle manftr. 4, Bigg Mkt. 

Nesham Wm. commis. mrchnt. 2, Sandhill; 

ho. 1, Northumberland-street 
Nesham Yim. surgeon, 1, North umblnd-st 
Nesbit G. tailor, Westgate-street 
Nesbit Matthew, coalfitter, Spicer-lane, 

Quay; ho. 3, Kidley -villas 
Ness James, provision dealer, Wall Knoll 
Nevison Ann, vict. Star Hotel, Northum- 
berland-street 
Nevison Thomas, brewer, 26, Pilgrim st; 

ho. Northumberland-street 
Newbiggin Edwd. gentleman, Arthur's-hill 
Newby John, house agent, 8, Lisle-street 
Newcombe Frederick, manager to Carver 

& Co. 4, Heaton-terrace 

Newcastle Coal Company, Depot Manors 

Newcombe Wm. Lister, manager of goods 

department Y. N. & B, Railway, Manor's 

Station ; ho. 6, Summer-hill grove 

Newlands James, butcher, 2, Gosforth-st. 

and 60 Close 
Newlands Thomas, bookbinder, 61, Head- 

of-the-Side ; ho. 23, Cottenh am -street 
Newmarch Rob. Geo. clerk, 45, Leazes-ter 
Newmarsh Nathaniel, shoe & leather seller, 

70, Side ; ho. Swinburne-pl. Gateshead 
Newton Charles Jas. tailor, 2, Castle-garth 
Newton George, chemist, 57, Percy-street 
Newton James Charles, tailor, Postern 
Newton John, gentleman, 2, George-street 
Newton John, saddler, 14, Grainger street 
Newton Robt. vict. jkidley Arms Inn, 16, 
Pilgrim-street 

S 2 



Newton Richard, provision dealer. Sand gate 
Newton Thomas, agent, Forth banks 
Newton W. hairdresser, 32, Colling wood-st 
Newton Wm. hairdresser, 58, Gibson-street 
Newton Wm. surgeon, 5, Hood-street 
Nichol Andrew, vict. Eidley Arms Inn, 

Ridley-street 
Nichol Andrew, ship broker, 29, Elswick-row 
Nichol Anthony & Son, chemists, 22, Quay 
Nichol Anthon}', chemist (A. Nichol and 

Son) ; ho. Shieldfield-green 
Nichol Anthony, collector of corporation 

revenue, Guild-hall ; ho. 22, East-parade 
Nichol John, butcher, 49, New Market ; ho. 

Shieldfield. 
Nichol John, confectioner, 59, Grainger-st. 

and 100, Side ; ho. 33, Leazes-terrace 
iSichol Jno. Water Co's tui'ncock, Manor -pi 
Nichol, Ludlow & Co. wharfingers, Water- 
gate, Sandhill 
Nichol Peter, beerhouse, and bird dealer, 

27, Nelson-street 
Nichol Thomas Dale, chemist (A. Nichol 

and Son); ho. 6, Lovaine crescent 
Nichol Wm. tailor, 27, Pilgrim street, 
Nicholson Baxter and James, drapers, 2, 

Forth-lane 
Nicholson Ed\iard,draper,&c.(Hi]l, Nichol- 
son and Hodge); ho. 8, Northumberland 

terrace. 
Nicholson Edward, twine and rope maker, 

Moor-edge; ho. Percy-street 
Nicholson Elijah, fish curer, Orchard-st 
Nicholson Geo. plumber & brass founder, 

Man or- street 
Nicholson James, organ builder, Postern ; 

ho. 7, Westmoreland-street 
Nicholson James, prov. dealer, 51, Percy-st 
Nicholson James, flour dealer, 62, West 

Clayton-street 
Nicholson Joseph, painter, 17, Buxton-st. 
Nicholson Marshall, vict. Dodd^s Arms Inn, 

West-parade 
Nicholson Robert, brush manufacturer 

(W. & R. Nicholson); ho. 7, Argyle-ter 
Nicholson Robt, manager to the Blytii and 

Tyne Railway ; office, 35, Market-st ; ho. 

Jes ui on d- villas 
Nicholson Sarah, prov. dlr. 73, Westgate-st 
Nicholson William, brush manufacturer 

(W. & R. Nicholson); ho. 6, Carhol-st 
Nicholson William, bootmaker. Boar's Head 

yard, Westgate 
Nicholson Wm . draper, 1 0, Westmorel and-st 
Nicholson Wm. tailor, 36, George-st 
Nicholson W. & R. brush and mop manu- 
facturers, 22, Pilgrim-street 



S82 



DTEECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Nightingale Dan. sur. dentist, New Bridge-st 
Nisbet Henry Alex, agent, 9, St. Mary's- pi 
Nixon David, provision dlr. 29, Prudhoe-st 
Nixon Isaac, cooper, Clarence street, North 

Shore ; ho. 6, JPdchmond-street 
Nixon John & Co. wine & spirit merchants, 

24, Mosley- street 
Nixon John, wine & spirit merchant (J. 

Nixon & Co.); ho. 6, West Parade and 

and Chester WoodGrange, Haydon bridge 
Nixon John, cooper, Folly Cooperage, New 

Quay ; ho. 41, Kichmond-street 
Nixon John, haircutter, 15, Union-st 
Nixon Thos. bootmaker, High Villa-place 
Nixon Thos. tailor, G, Bath-row 
Nixon Wm. farmer. Union House Farm 
Nixon Wm. T. builder, Percy-place ; ho. 4, 

St. Thomas's-square 
Noad John, last-maker, 6, St. Nicholas's- 

church-yard ; ho. Churchill-street 
Noble Arthur, dlr. in sundries, Carlton-st 
Noble Christopher, agent, 28, Elswick-row 
Noble George, butcher, 33, New Market; 

ho. Grainger-street 
Noble ]\Iiss Isabella, Shielfield- green 
Noble John, Suieldneld-green Academy 
Noble Joseph, poulterer, 27, High Bridge 
Norris Henry, porkbutcher, 73, Newgate -st; 

ho. High Friar street 
Norris, Mary Ann, vict. William the Fourth 

Inn, St. Peter's 
Norns Miss Sarah E. Manor-chare 
North British fire engine house, Bell's- 

Court, Pilgrim-st. I. Henderson, keeper 
Northumberland Crown Glass Works, 

Thomas Harrison & Co. Lemington 
Northumberland rope, twine, & Net Co. 

Spital Tongues 
Notman Mrs. Jeannette, 53, Jessamine pi 
Notman John, cabinet-maker, 23 j St. 

John's-lane 
Nugent P. bootmaker, 8, Castle-garth-strs 

OAKWELLGATE Collieey Office, 24, 

Quayside 
Gates Isaac, com. agent, 12, Sandhill; ho. 

2, Barrington place, Gateshead 
O'Brien Wm. secretary to Y. N. & B. Bail- 

way ; ho. 8, Elswick-villas 
Ogden Wm. Bernard, director in the District 

Bank, Hood-street 
Ogilvie & Co. wine and spirit merchants, 

150, Pilgrim-street 
Ogilvie E. vict. Scotch Arms Jnw, Bigg-mkt 
Oyilvie R. W. wine, &c. merchant (Ogilvie 

& Co.) 6, Victoria-place 
Ogle Thos. shipowner, 2, Union-street 



Oldfield John, saddler, 32, High-bridge; 

ho. Bigg Market 
Oldham John, agent. Forth banks 
Oldham Wm. agent, 2, Westmoreland-st 
Oliver Adam, architect, Bank buildings, 

Mosley-street ; ho. 17, Howard-street 
Oliver Andrew, architect, 39, W. Clayton-st; 

ho. 15, Sunderland-street 
Oliver & Co. grease manufacturers, 62, Close 
Oliver Daniel, grocer, 11, Union street; ho. 

3, South Parade 
Oliver George A. gentleman, 3, Eyehill 
Oliver Jas. civi] engineer, Prospect-place 
Oliver J. & Co. manufacturing chemists, 

Howard-street 
OHver Eobert Lee, gentleman, 33, Eyehill 
Ohver Thos. dep. superintendent registrar, 

High Bridge 
Oliver Thos. sen. architect, 3, Picton-place 
Oliver Thos. junr. architect, 21, Grey-street 
Ohver Tim. grocer, 7, Union-street ; ho. 83, 

Blandford-street 
Oliver William, butcher, Thornton-street 
Olley Thos. hat manufacturer, 3, King-st; 

ho. Forth Banks 
O'Neil Bernd. clothes dlr. 14, Castle-garth 
Onions Benjamin, ironfounder, (W. Wylie 

& Co.); ho. Close 
Ord James, grocer, 1, Cloth Market; ho. 

Woodbank-terrace, Gateshead 
Ord John, provision dealer, 36, Bayley-st 
Ord Mr. Thomas, Shield-street 
Ord Wm. wine merchant, Shakspeare-st; 

ho. 37, Westmoreland-terrace 
Origoni John & Co. toy dealers, 34, Dean-st 
Origoni John, toy dealer, (Origoni & Co.) ; 

ho. 34, Dean-street 
Ormston J. tailor, 51, Elswick-street 
Ormston Jane, vict. Duke of York Inn, 

Stockbridge 
Ormston Jno. shipping &c. agt. 58, Quay; 

ho. 2, Adelaide-terrace 
Ormston Paul, shipbroker, 58, Quay; ho. 

Northumberland- street 
Ormston & Sinith, stationers, &c. 69, Quaysd. 
Ormston John, shipping agent, &c. 58, 

Quayside ; ho. Adelaide-terrace 
Ormston Eobert, gentleman, 5, Saville-pl 
Ormston Walter, prov. dlr. 33, Blandford-st 
Orpeth Eliz. vict. George IV. Tavern, Close 
Osborne James, agent, 18, Grainger st. ; ho. 

5, Framlington-place 
Osten Ealph Alder, vict. Lambert's Leap 

Inn, Sandyford-lane 
Oswald Jno. %'ict. Ferry Boat Inn, Dent's hole 
Oubridge Matthew, cheesemonger (P.otts & 

Oubridge) ; ho. Westgate Hill- terrace 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



S83 



Outhett Jolin, agent, Trafalgar-street 
Ontbett Margaret, school, 7, Trafalgar -st 
Outhett Octavia, schoolmistress, Cholera 

school, Eosemary-lane 
Ovenden Benjamin, wool and marine store 

dlr. 86, West Cla^'ton-street, and Croft-st 
Owen Joseph, currier (Owen, and Sons); 

ho. 5, Westgate-hill-terrace 
Owen & Sons, curriers, 8, Lo\y Friar-st 
Owen William chemist, 20, CoUingwood-st 

and Adelaide place ; ho. Yictoiia-villa, 

Eyehill 
Oxnard Edward, provision dealer, Sunder- 

land-street 
Oxnard Thos. hairdresser, i, Marlboro' -st 

PACE Robert, gentleman, 0, Eyehill 
Page Henry, master of St. Thomas's school, 

Vine-place 
Paget & Irons, surgeons, 1, Saville-row 
Paget John Steavenson, surgeon (Paget & 

Irons) ; ho. 1, Saville-row 
Paisley Thomas, vict. Elsiolck House Inn, 

10, Hinde-st. Scotswood-road 
Palmer Brothers, & Co. ironship builders, 

Jarrow ; office, 12, Quay 
Talmer Charles Mark, ship broker {G. & 

C. M, Palmer) ; ho. 1, Jesmond High-ter 
Palmer George, ship broker (G. & C. M. 

Palmer); ho. 6, Ellision-place 
Palmer George, builder, Byker-bar 
Palmer George & C. M. ship brokers, and 

timber merchants, 29, Quay 
Palmer John, fruiterer, 97, East Clayton st 
Pannett Mary, dressmaker, Wesley-sireet 
Pape James, dealer in game, 27, Colling- 

wood-street ; ho. Spital 
Paradise Wm. bookseller, 99, Percy -st 
Park Mrs. Isabella 6, Greenfield place 
Park John, boot and shoe manufacturer, 

06, Pilgrim-st. and 35, West Clayton-st 
Park Joseph, gentleman, New-roacl 
Parker Ann, vict. Castle Lm, 13, Castle-gth 
Parker Anthony & Go. coal exporters, &c. 

50, Quay, and wharfingers, New-quay 
Parker Anthony,coal exporter, &c. (A.Parker 

& Co.) ; ho. 15, West-street, Gateshead 
Parker George, eating house, 37, Sandhill 
Parker Jessie, eating house, 17, East 

Clayton-street 
Parker John, & Co. paper merchants, 40, 

Sandhill 
Parker John, paper merchant (J. Parker & 

Co.) ; ho. Stella 
Parker John, vict. Pine Apple Hotel, 14, 

Nun-street 
Parker & Lander, coach proprtors.Green-ct 



Parker Joseph, manager's corresponding 

clerk, Newcastle and Carlisle Railway 

Station; ho. Ord-street 
Parker Richard, butcher, 151, New Market ; 

ho. Hedley-street 
Parker Thos. butcher, 18, Buckingham-st ; 

and Arthur's-hill 
Parker Wm. agent, 2, Byron-street 
Parker William, hatter (French hat Co.) ; 

ho. 2, Forth-place 
Parkinson Barbara, druggist, 51, Sandhill 
Parkinson Joshua, cabinet maker, New-rd 
Parkinson Richd. prov. dlr. Elswick-lane 
Parks Hugh, bootmaker, Blandford-st 
Parr Elizabeth, straw bonnet maker (Parr 

& Watson); ho. Melbourne- st. Gateshead 
Parr Mrs. Elizabeth, 4, St. James's-terrace 
Parr & Watson, straw bonnet makers, 

Market-entrance, 18, Grainger-street 
Parratt Mary Ann, vict. Rose Inn, Pud- 
ding-chare 
Parry Danl. beerhouse, 21, West Clayton-st 
Parry Wm. Softley, glass merchant, 41, 

Grainger-street ; ho. 2, Mansfield-street 
Parsons Elias, perfumer, 10, Mosley-st 
Patriarca John, toy dealer (Origoni& Co.); 

ho. 57, Blandford- street 
Patrick Richard, agent, 92, Blenheim-st 
PatrickWm. bootmkr. 18, Castle-garth Stairs 
Patrick Wm. butcher, 147, New Market ; 

ho. Tyne-street 
Patter,son Cath. lodgings, 21, Blackett-st 
Patterson Jas. cartproprt. 8, Spring Gard-tr 
Patterson Jas. eating house, 38, Highbridge 
Patterson John D. butcher, 15, Buxion-st 
Patterson John, butcher, 183, New Market ; 

ho. 89, Percy-street 
Patterson Jno. dairyman, 3, Buckingham-st 
Patterson John, painter, Westgate; ho. 18, 

])uke-street 
Patterson John, linen manufacturer, 80, 

Pilgrim-street 
Patterson John, prov. dealer, Gallow-gate 
Patterson John, tinplate worker, High 

Friar-st. and clothes dealer, Denton- cliare 
Patterson John D. butcher, Victoria Market; 

ho. 14, Melbourne-street 
Patterson Luke, prov. dealer, ] 5, William-i|; 
Patterson Margaret, lodging house, 21, 

Blackett-street 
Patterson Mary, prov. dlr. East Ballast-hills 
Patterson Robt. butcher, 146, New Market; 

ho. Percy-street 
Patterson Robert and Son, millwrights, 

89, Percy-street 
Patterson Thomas, grocer, Stepney-bank 
Patterson Wm. clerk, C. Railway, Bayley-st 



S84 



DlRECtORT? OF NEWCASTLE-Uf ON-*YKE. 



Pattinson &Dunii, auctioneers, appraisers, 
p: commission agents, and sheriff's officers, 
"21 Groat Market 

Pattinson Hugh Lee & Co. chemical manu- 
facturers ; office, 10, Grey-street ; works, 

FelMng Chemical Works 
Pattinson Hugh Lee, chemical manufacurer 

(H. L. Pattison & Co.) ; ho. Scot's House 
Pattinson Isaac, auctioneer, &c. (Pattinson 

& Dunn); ho. 32, Pudding-chare 
Pattinson J. hoot maker, Blandford-street 
Pattinson Jessie T. leather dresser, Gallow- 

gate ; ho. 44, Blandford-street 
Pattinson John, cooper,Fleece-court,Gallow- 

gate ; ho. 22, Blackett-street 
Pattinson Joseph, tanner; Ijo. 4 Prospect-pl 
Pattinson R. & Son, tanners, Gallow-gate 
Pattinson Rbt. jun. tanner (R. Pattison & 

Son) ; ho. 46, Cumberland-row 
Pattinson Robt. sen. tanner (R. Pattinson 

and Son); ho. 41, Westmoreland-ten'ace 
Pattinson Thomas & Co. ship & insurance 

brokers, and Australian Emigration 

agents, &c. Three Indian King's- court, 

Quay. 
Pattinson Thomas, ship and insurance 

broker, &c. (Thomas Pattinson & Co.); 

ho. 41, Westmoreland-terrace 
Pattison Edward, messenger to Savings' 

Bank, Argyle-street 
Pattison Geo. provision dealer, G, Lisle-st 
Pattison Geo. joiner and cartwright, Scotch 

Arms-yard; ho, 10 Railway-terrace 
Pattison John, painter, Westgate 
Pattison John, provision dealer, New-road 
Pattison Mary, shopkeeper. Lisle-street 
Pattison Matthew, prov. dlr. 48, Percy-st 
Pattison Robert, vict. Steam Boat Inn, 3, 

Quayside 
Pattison Sarah, cart prop. 8, Forth-terrace 
Pattison Susannah, provision dealer, 3, Low 

Friar-street 
Pattison Thomas, grocer, Angus's-court, 

Bigg Market ; ho. 6, Low Swinburne-pl 
Pattison Wm. butcher, 128, New Market; 

ho. B arras -court 
Pattison Wm. cart proprietor, 66, Percy-st 
Patton Isabella, clothes dealer, Low Bridge 
Patton Jane, boot dealer, 78, Side 
Patton John, Phoenix Pottery, Ousebiu-n 
Patton Ralph, vict. Shepherd Inn, 10, Marl- 

borough-cresent 
Paxton Miss Isabella, Westgate- hill 
Paxton William, painter, 58, Groat Market; 

ho. Lime-street, Ouseburn 
Payne Wm. Mark T. builder, Leazes-road ; 

ho. 78, Percy-street 



Peacock Alex, provsn dlr. St. Nicholas-sqr 
Peacock Ann, lodgings, 9, Shakspeare-st 
Peacofek George, tailor. East Clayton-street 
Peacock John, agent, Wesley-street 
Peacock Robert, vict. Barley Mow Inn, and 

Sailors' Boarding House, Sandgate 
Peacock Thos. vict. Glole tavern, Buxton-st 
Peacock Thomas, builder, Argyle-terrace 
Pears William, bookseller, New Market, 

and 4, William-street 
Pears William, gentleman, 2, Eldon- square, 

and Fenham 
Pearse John Saml. resident medical officer, 

Dispensary, Nelson-street 
Pearson Ann, vict. Ship Inn, Sandgate 
Pearson Miss Ann, 36, Leazes'-terrace 
Pearson Charles, grocer. Stepney 
Pearson Christopher, lastmaker, 26, High 

Bridge ; ho. 25, Close 
Pearson Christopher, prov. dlr. 25, Close 
Pearson Elizabeth, vict. Newcastle and Ber- 

loich Goods Station Hotel, Trafalgar- st 
Pearson Gorge, railway stat. master, Heaton 
Pearson Geo. agent, 31, Blandford-street 
Pearson Henry, vict. White Swan Inn, 

Brewery-bank 
Pearson Frances and Jane, seminary, Car- 

liol-s'quare 
Pearson Mrs. Isabella, 5, Jesmond-terrace 
PearsonJohn, vict. Grey Horse Inn, 65, Quay 
Pearson John, wool stapler. Fleece-court, 

Gallow-gate ; ho. 7, Gibson street 
Pearson Mrs. Hinds, 8, St. James's- street 
Pearson John B. coal fitter, 32, Quay; ho. 

10, Albion-place 
Pearson Lazenby, currier, &c. Side ; ho. 

19, Cottenham-street 
Pearson Joseph C. deputy clerk of St. 

Nicholas's, Albert-place 
Pearson Mrs. Mary, West Jesmond 
Pearson Michael, provision dealer, Forth-st 
Pearson Ann, (widow of the late William 

Pearson) marble and ornamental stone 

works, Gibson street. Red-barns ; ho. 

18, Hewgill-terrace 
Pearson Robt. coal agent, 46,Leazes-terrace 
Pearson Wm. agent, 21, Cumberland-row 
Pearson "Wm. agent, Hewgill-terrace 
Pearson Wm. cashier, 21, Cumberland-row 
PearsonWm. \dct. Cross Keys Inn, Sandgate 
Pearson Wm. iron plate worker. South- 
street ; ho. Ord-street 
PearsonWm. Benson, shipbrkr. 5, George-st 
Peck John Fred, bank agent, 17, Albion-pl 
Peck 'J hos. cheesemonger, 58, Blackett-st 
Peel AYm. & Son, hat manufacturers, 8, 

Dean-street; ho. Queen-street 



DIRECTORY OF KEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, 



285 



Peel Bobt.DistiictBk.; ho. Plues-pl.Elswick 
Peele Anthony Wm. ironmonger, 77, West 

Clayton-st ; ho. Hills-place, Pilgrim-st 
Pendrick Eobt. cooper, 69, Percy-street; 

ho. Back Simpson-street 
Pemberton Stephen John, solicitor (Welford 

& Pemberton ) ; ho. 28, Brandling-place 
Penman John, prov. dlr. 1, Buckingham-st 
Penman IMargt. fruiterer, 3, East Clayton-st; 

ho. 4"2, Priidhoe-street 
Penman Thos. printer, 13, Albion-street 
Penman Thos. surgeon. New Bridge-street 
Penman Wm. sen. joiner and dairyman, 42, 

Prudboe-street 
Penney Geo. vict. Plough Inn, Byker-bar 
Pennington & Curley, engravers, <tc. 46, 

Grainger-street 
Penteland Mr. WiUiam, Shield-street 
Pentland Jas. auctioneer, ttc. 16, St. John's 

lane : ho. 7, Blenheim-street 
Pentland Susannah, grocer, 3, Hill-street 
Percy Emily, beer retailer, Brewery-bank, 

Ouseburn 
Perez & Williams, merchants, 43, Sandhill 
Peny Matthew, clothes dlr. 24, Castle-garth 
Perry Frances, vict. Nag's Head Inn, 37, 

Butcher bank 
Pescod Geo. vict. Wheat Sheaf Inn, St. 

Peter's 
Petch Pialph, tailor, Buxton-street 
Pescott George, cabinet maker, High Friar- 
lane; ho. Pilgrim -street 
Petre Wm. tailor, 11, Westgate-street 
Petrie Wm. hairdresser, 28, Market-street; 

ho. 32, Terrace^place 
Peverell Pilchard, grocer, 14, Bigg Market: 

ho. Westgate-hill 
Pexton William, painter, Fletcher'^.-court 
Phihpson Geo. H. coachmaker (Atkinson 

(fePhilipson); ho. 93, Pilgrim-street 
Phillipson & Hare, booksellers, 26, Mosley- 

street and North Shields 
Phihpson John, bookseller (Philipson & 

Hare); ho. North Shields 
Pbihpson Ptalph Park, solicitor, 18, Sandhill; 

ho. 2, Lovaine-row 
Phibbs Mr. Irwin John, 48, Westmoreld.-ter 
Philhps Eev. Henrj', (Primitive) York-st 
Philips Eobert, solicitor, 29, Sandhill 
Philips Eobert, turner, 48, Groat Market ; 

ho. 47, Blackett-street 
Pierce John J. house surgeon, Fever Hos- 
pital, Bath-lane 
Pickering Ann, grindstone manufacturer, 

ho. Burn-bank 
Pickering Eichard, agent, 24, Eldon-square 
Pickersgill & Co. shipbrokers, 2, Sandhill 



Pickersgill George, agent for A. Fullarton 

& Co. pubhshers, 34, Westgate-street; 

ho. 2, North-parade 

Pickersgill John, turner &crvr.Trafalgar-st 

Pickersgill Wm. shipbroker (Pickersgill & 

Co.); ho. 35, Jessamine-place 
Pigdon Thos.-Wra. baker, Newgate-street; 

ho. 94, Blandford-street 
Pigg Adam, tailor, 65, Grainger-street 
Pigg Mr. David, Jesmond Dean-terrace 
Pigg Jas. wholesale stationer, 68, Pilgrim-st; 

ho. 14, Saville-row 
Pigg John, draper (E, & J. Pigg) ; ho. 

Jesmond 
Pigg Eoger, draper (E. & J. Pigg) ; ho. 

Jesmond 
Pigg E. & J. drapers & tailors, 92, Pilgrim-st 
Pigg John, provi. dealer, 10, Bath-terrace 
Pigg Thos. agent, Eegent-terrace 
Piucher Eobt. painter, 4, Marlbro'-crescent 
Pinkney Eobt. H.M. Customs, 21, Leazes-ter 
Pinkney Thomas, agent, Eegent-street 
Piper Christpr. cabinet mkr, 16, Butcher-bk 
Piper Wm. commercial traveller, 59, West- 

m oreland-terrac e 
Pipkin John, confectioner,16,Shakspeare-st 
Pitloh Gideon, butcher, Sandgate 
Pitman John, agent, 2, Mary-street 
Pittegrew Averal, confectioner, 3, Mosley-st 
Place John, biiilder, St. Anthony's 
Place Thos. beer retailer, Eailway-street 
Piatt Samuel E. clerk, Wilkie-street 
Plende'r Jas. tailor, Westmoreland-street 
Plues & King, veterinary surgeons, 28, 

Westgate street 
Plues Matthew, veterinary surgeon, &c. 

(Plues & King); ho. Eyehill 
Plues Wm. M. shipbroker, 51, Quay; ho. 

10, Elswick-villas 
Plummer Benj. brassfounder, &c. 7, Quay 

and at St. Peter's ; ho. 4, Queen-square 
Plummer Matthew & Co. shipbroker, &:g 

39, Quayside 
Plummer Eobt. flax manufacturer, (Clarke, 

Plummer &Co.) ; ho. Byker 
Pollock & Co. lettei--press printers, &c. 11, 

Nun-street 
Pollard Jos. & Co. corn merchant, Love- 
lane- quay 
Pollard Joseph, corn merchant (J. Pollard 

& Co.); ho. 81, Percy-street 
Pollard Thos. corn mercbant (J. Pollard 

& Co.); ho. 1, Lovainc place 
Pollard Thos. commercial traveller, 2, St. 

Thomas's- square 
Pollard Mrs. Margaret, 37, Leazes-terrace 
Pool Anthony, draper, 95, Blenheim-street 



286 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Pool Wm. draper, 17, Blandford-street 
Porter B. P. rnusic-seller, 65, Pilgrim-street 
Porter Jas. flour dealer, 6, Blackett-street 
Porter Janet, beerhouse, 87, Ne^Ygate-street 
Portous Joseph, tailor, 1, Spital-place 
Pottenger Eev. Thos. (Baptist) 3, Snmmer- 

hill-terrace 
Potter Addison, coke & fire brick manufctr. 

7, Quay; Avorks Wilhngton-quay ; ho. 

East George-street 
Potter Addison L. engineer & coalfitter, ( W. 

G. Armstrong & Co.); 7, Quay; ho. 

Heaton Hall 
Potter Chas. raalster, Forth-banks; ho. 

Heaton Hall 
Potter Charles, esq. Heaton Hall 
Potter Mr. George, 102, Blenheim-street 
Potter H. G. surgeon, 3, Jesmond-high-ter 
Potts Arnold, clothes dlr. 10, St. Nicholas's 

church-yard 
Potts Edward, clockmaker, 11, Nun-street; 

ho. 28, Buckingham-street 
Potts Eleanor, staymaker, 31, Northumber- 
land-street 
Potts George, bootmaker, 76, Side 
Potts Jas. com. merchant, 1, Broad-chare; 

ho. 10, Pictou-place 
Potts John, grocer (J. Hindhaugh & Co.); 

ho. 29, East-parade 
Potts John, painter, 1, Cross-street 
Potts Jno. Temperance Hotel, 15, Newgate-st 
Potts John Atkinson, cheesemonger (Potts 

& Oubridge); ho. Side 
Potts Jos. commercl. travelr. 25, Tei-race-pl 
Potts Mai'k, professor of music, 24,Eldon-st 
Potts & Oubridge, cheesemongers, 19, Side 
Potts Robert, tailor and outfitter, 86, West 

Clayton-street; ho. Felling, Gateshead 
Potts Robert, agent, 18, Leazes-court 
Potts Robert, cutler, 17, Cloth Market 
Potts Sarah L, confectioner, 27, Grainger-st 
Potts Thomas, iron ship builder and boiler 

maker, St. Anthony's 
Potts Thos. builder, joiner & house carpen- 
ter, Scotswood-road ; ho. 8, North-parade 
Potts Thomas, chemist, 33, Dean -street 
Potts Thos. shipchandler, Clarence-street 
Potts Thos. A. hosier, 90, West Clayton-st 
Potts William, "vict. Napoleon Hotel, 32, 

Butcher-bank 
Potts Wm. Mowbray, grocer, 41, Sandhill ; 

ho. 14, Saville-court 
Power William, malster, Sandyfordlane 
Prendergast James B. tobacconist, Arcade ; 

ho. 43, Carliol- street 
Preston James, hemp importer, 36, Side ; 

ho. Sunderland-street 



Preston James, agent, 2, Lawson -street 
Preston William, surgeon, 4, Bath-row 
Preston Wm. C. surgeon, New Bridge-st 
Price Michael, chemist, 3, Quayside ; ho. 

Argyle -terrace 
Priestman Jonathan, tanr. 8, Low Friar-st; 

ho. Benwell House 
Priestman Robert, chairmaker, 14, Cloth 

Market; ho. 17, High Bridge 
Pring Arthur, agent, 37, Quayside ; ho. 7, 

Leazes-terrace 
Pringle Chas. John, agent, 10, Ord-street 
Pringle Geo. \ict. Sadler's Wells, Low 

Friar-street 
Pringle Isabella & Eleanor, milliners, 16, 

Brunswick-place 
Pringle Rev. James, (Presbyterian) Claver- 

ing-place 
Pringle James, prov. dealer, Pandon-bank 
Pringle John, dyer and hosier, Gallow-gate 
Pringle John, dyer, 12, Side ; ho. 10, Els- 
wick lane 
Pringle John, provision dlr. 14, Plummer-st 
Pringle Thomas, agent, 32, Richmond-st 
Pringle Thomas, draper tt tailor, 43, Grey- 
street; ho. 2, Ellison-terrace 
Pringle Thos. joiner, 15, Bell's-court 
Pringle William, vict. Cradle Well Inn, and 

gardener, Jesmond 
Pringle William, agent, 3, Napier-street, 

Shieldfield 
Pringle Walter Shields, bookseller, 3, Col- 

lingwood-st ; ho. 10, Saville row 
Probert Joseph, grocer, 32, Sandhill 
Prockter Bryan J. glue manufacturer, Gates- 
head ; ho. Regent-terrace 
Prockter Samuel, manager at glueworks, 

Back-lane 
Procktor John, builder, 18, Buckingham-st 
Procter Matthew, tide-surveyor, 14, Nor- 
thumberland-court 
Procter Michael, assistant overseer for St. 

Andrew's, 9, Nixon-street 
Proctor Mrs Ann, 12, St. Thomas-crescent 
Proctor David, accountant, &c. (Proctor & 

Lamb); ho. 5, Duke-street 
Proctor Ellen, dressmaker, Canada-street 
Proctor Jane, keeper. Moot Hall 
Proctor Thomas, ironmonger, 105, Side 
Proctor William, chemist, 6, Grey-street; 

ho. Elswick-villas 
Proctor Wm. chemist, 32, Collingwood-st 
Proctor W. B. & Co. hemp merchants, 17, 

Sandhill 
Prosser T. architect, 4, Low Svvinburne-pl 
Proud Benjamin, coffee roaster, 3, West- 
gate-st ; ho. BaiTas Bridge 



1 



DIEECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, 



28T 



Proud Miss Cecilia, Shield-street 
Proud Miss Jane M. 1, Portland-place 
Proud John, joiner & builder, Ingham-pl 
Proud Joshua, ship block manufacturer, and 

sawmills, Ouseburn,andYict. the Cannon 

Lm, Close 
Proud Wm. Fountain, stenciller, 2, Bath In 
Pryor John, grocer. Stepney-bank 
Pumphrey G. R. grocer &c. 62, Blackett-st 
Punshon Mrs. Eliz. I, St. Thomas'-terrace 
Punshon Nathaniel Killingworth, solicitor, 

24, Dean-st; ho. Gateshead Fell 
Purves Eleanor, pawnbroker, Blagdon-st 
Punis Archbold, grocer, 10, Nuu-st; ho. 

Elswick East-terrace 
Purvis John, builder, Canada-street 
Pyburn Geo. confectioner, Newbridge-st. ; 

ho. Elswick-court 
Pyburn James, academy, and registrar of 

marriages, 5, Trafalgar-st. ; ho. 18, Brand- 
ling-place 
Pybus Miss Catherine, 17, Northumblnd-st 
Pybus John Anderson, gentl. Garden-terr 
Pybus Robert, high baihif of county courts 

of Northumberland; ho. 8, Oi-d-street 
Pye Richard, prov. dealer, Westgate-hill 

QUIN Patrick, vict. Corn Marhet Tavern, 

53, St. Nicholas's-square 
Quinlan Michael, toyman, New Market; 

ho. Clayton-street 

RACE "VVm. farmer and dairjauan, Sandy- 
ford-lane, and at East Brunton 

Radford James, solicitor, 80, Grey-st. ; ho. 
8, Lovaine-place 

Railson Jane, prov. dealer, 20, George-st 

Railston George Thos. gentl. 10, Leazes-ter 

Raines Rev. Charles Alfred, incumbent of 
St. Peter's, 17, Oxford-street 

Rake Alfred Stansiield, iron shipbuilder, 
Willington-quay 

Ramage Andrew, butcher, 17, Spring Gar- 
den-terrace 

Ramage Andrew, butcher, ], New Market 

Ramage Thos. funeral furnisher, 25, St. 
John's-lane 

Ramsay George Heppel, sen. coalowner, 
&c. Broad-chare ; ho. Derwent Villa 

Ramsay John, butcher, Stockbridge ; ho. 
Dean- street 

Ramsay G. H. junr. coalfttter, Broad-chare ; 
ho. Derwent-villa 

Ramsay James, portrait painter, 40, 
Blackett- street 

Ramsay Thomas, vict. & butcher. Crooked 
Billet Inn, Elswick 



Ramsay Thomas, merchant, Broad-chare j 

ho. Derwent Hough 
Ramsay WilHam, vict. Crooked Billet Inn, 

Elswick 
Raper John, bootmaker, Byker Bar 
Ratcliff Thos. butcher, 120, New Market 
Ratchff Wm. butcher, 70, New Market; ho. 

18, William-street, Arthur's Hill 
Ratehffe Christopher, commercial traveller, 

5, Hedley-street 
Ratcliffe Geo. butcher, 166, New Market 
Ratcliife John, bootmaker, 2, Castle-garth- 

stands ; ho. Ellison-street, Gateshead 
Rathbone Geo. shoemaker, 18, Low Friar-st 
Ray Henry, tea dealer (Sidney & Ray); ho. 

27, Grey-street 
Ray Jane, provision dealer. Railway-street 
Ray James, livery stable keeper, 75, New- 
gate-street 
Rayne & Burn, iron founders, Quay 
Rayne C. & J. seedcrushers and merchants, 

17, Close ; oil mils, Walker 
Rayne Charles, seed crusher, &c. (C. &J. 

Rayne); ho. Carville Hall 
Rayne John, seed crusher, &c. (C. & J. 

Rayne); ho. 61, Northumberland-st 
Rayne Septimus W. surgeon,46, Westgate-st 
Rea George, baker, 27, Nun -street 
Rea Thomas, rope and twine manufacturer 

(Northumberland Rope Company); ho. 

19, Leazes-crescent 

Rea I'HQ.diC^vicLCollingwood Inn, Pudding-ch 
Reay Jane, pi-ov. dealer, 29, Railway-street 
Reay John, vict. Ravcnsivorth Arms Inn, 

Sandgate 
Reavely Miss Mary, 2, Saville-court 
Reavely Thos. corn merchant, 46, Cowgate; 

ho. 8, Saville-row 
Rebair Dorothy, Ann, milliner, 8, George-st 
Redford Burdus, merchant, 37, Quay ; ho. 

Romulus -terrace, Gateshead 
Redhead John, cart proprietor, Stowell-sq 
Redhead Lancelot, agent, 55, Villa-place 
Redhead Thomas, Corporation collector, 2, 

Ellison-terrace 
Redshaw Andrew, agent, 1, Blenheim-st 
Redshaw George, vict. Butcher's Arms Inn, 

Butcher bank 
Redshaw Joseph, draper and tailor, 21, 

CoUingwood-st ; ho. 25, Blandford-st 
Redshaw Jno. tailor, 30, Westmoreland-ter 
Redshaw Middleton, professor of music and 

organist, 30, Westmoreland-terrace 
Redshaw &; Ridley, shipbrokers, S:c, Quay 
Reed Archibald, agent, Leazes-terrace 
Reed Ann, shopkeeper, 9, Cloth Market 
Reed Catherine, grocer, 19, Low Friai--st 



i 



288 



i>TBECTOEY OF KEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Keed Charles (J. Barras & Co.); ho. 12, 
Carlton-terrace 

Eeed Edward Taylor, corn merchant, 20, 
Newgate-st ; ho. Five-wand mill, Gateshd 

Eeed Elizabeth J. teacher at the Clergy 
School; ho. Carliol- square 

Eeed Edw. Blakey, builder, W. Blandford-st 

Eeed George Barras, solicitor, and deputy 
coroner for Castle and Tindale Wards, 
Bank Buildings, Mosley -street; ho. 10, St. 
Thomas's- crescent 

Eeed Henry, stamp distributer. Arcade; ho. 
Charlton House 

Eeed James, vict. Grapes Inn, Jesmond 
Gardens 

Eeed John, cabinet maker, 21, Stamford- 
ham -pi ace 

Eeed John, pawnbroker, 50, Westgate-st 

Eeed Johnson, chemist, Head of Bucking- 
ham-street 

Eeed Lancelot, chemist, 55, Quay, Eegent 
terrace 

Eeed Mary, clothes dealer, 50, New Market; 
house, -4, Low Friar-street 

Eeed Mary, glass merchant, -i, Market-st 

Eeed Matthew, builder, Bath-road 

Eeed Eobert, currier, 63, Newgate-street ; 
ho. Gallow-gate 

Eeed Ealph, joiner. Nelson-street; ho. 34, 
Trafalgar-sti'eet 

Eeed Eobert, mason, 5, Summer -hill-place" 

Eeed Stephen, attorney and coroner for 
Castle and Tindale Wards, Grey-street ; 
ho. 1, Saville-place 

Eeed Thomas, shopkeeper, 9, Cloth Market 

Eeed William Leech, cart proprietor, 20, 
Newgate-street 

Eeed William, innkeeper, 9, Stowell-square 

Eeid Eev. Alexr. (Independent) 5, West- 
gate-hill-terrace 

Eeid Andrew, engraver, 117, Pilgrim street; 
ho. 2, Eyehill 

Eeid Christian Bruce. Belgian consul, Upper 
Claremont-place 

Eeid Christian John, goldsmith &c. (Eeid 
and Sons) ; ho. 2, West-Parade 

Eeid C. & I. seminary, 17, St. Thomas's-st. 

Eeid David, goldsmitla, &c. (Eeid andSons); 
ho. 2, Eyehill 

Eeid Isabella, boarding school, 17, St. 
Thomas's-sti'eet 

Eeid and Sons, goldsmiths and jewllers, 14, 
Grey-street 

Eeid Thomas, commission agent, 33, Quay- 
side; ho. Clayton-street 

Eeid William Bruce, brewer, Leazes ; ho. 
High Claremont-place 



Eeid Elizabeth prov. dealer, 38, Prudhoe-st. 
Eeid William James, stay maker, 40, Dean. 

street; ho. Bulman's-village 
Eelton John, traffic manager of N. and C. 

Railway, 6, Wharncliffe-street 
Eennie Henry, grocer, 10, W. Buckingham-st 
Eelph John, boot maker, 77, Side; ho. 

Hanover-teiTace 
Eenfrew James T. agent for Virtue and Co. 

publishers, 30, Colhugwood-street 
Eennie Mary, dressmaker, Canada-street 
Eennison Henry, butcher, 165, New Market, 

and Peel-street 
Eennison James, agent, 13, Hewgill-terrace 
Eennoldson and Farley, timber merchants, 

33, Quay 
Eennoldson Jas. P. timber merchant (Een- 
noldson (felarley); ho. Carlton-terrace. 
Eennoldson John, malster, Queen street 
Eennoldson Eichd. flour dlr. 62, Newgate-st 
Eennoldson Thomas, master mariner, 9 

Picton-place 
Eenshaw William, vict. High Level Inn, 

Queen-street 
Eenwick Matthew, registrar of births and 

deaths for All Saints', 15, Stepney-terrace 
Eenwick Eobt. cabinet maker, 79, Pilgrim-st 
Eenvdcks John, prov. dealer, 6, Low Friar-st 
Eevely Wm. &Co. grocers, 60, Groat Market 
Eevely William, grocer ( W. Eevely and Co.) 

ho. 4, Eegent terrace 
Eewcastle J. col. of taxes, 48, Hedley-place 
Ehagg John A. printer, 48, Pilgrim-street; 

ho. Brandhng-village 
Ehind x41exander, draper & tailor (Hutton 

and Ehind), 1, Cumberland row 
Ehodes Samuel, fishmonger, 21, Union-st 
Eichardson Miss Ann, Beech-grove 
Eichardson and Browell, profsnl. chemists, 

Westgate-street 
Eichardson Chas. boot maker, 69, Percy-st 
Eichardson & Co. agricultural imi)lement 

makers, Stowell-street 
Eichardson & Co. merchants, 20, SandhiU 
Eichai'dson & Coxon, di-apers and furriers, 

28, Grey-st. and 11, 12, and 13, Market-st 
Eichardson & Son,mach. makers, Stowell-st 
Eichardson Ehz. colourer, 94, Newgate-st 
Eichardson George, genleman, 9, Albion-st 
Eichardson George, junior, insurance agent, 

4, Union-street; ho. 9, Albion-street 
Eichardson George Bouchier, bookseller 

and printer, 38, West Clayton-street ; ho. 

7, Blenheim-street 
Eichardson George, bricklar. Byker-buildgs 
Eichardson Henry grocer, 4, Union-st; ho. 

45, Westmoreland-terrace 



PIKECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



S89 



Eichardson Henry B. artist, 50, Blackett-st 
Eichardsoa James, farmer and grazier, 

104, Percy-street 
Eicliardson Jasper, wine merchant, 48, 

Xewgate-street ; ho. 14, Els wick-villas 
Eichardson Jno. shopkeeiDer, Sandyford-ln 
Eichardson John, machine maker (Eichard- 
son & Son); ho. Els\vick-lane 
Eichardson Jno. & Co. coffee roasters, spice 

grinders, and chicory manufactm^ers, 

Hanover-square and Manors 
Eichardson John, coffee roaster, &g. (John 

Eichardson & Co.); ho. Gallow-gate 
Eichardson John, provision dealer, 4, 

Liverpool-street 
Eichardson John, & Co. painters, 14, St. 

Nicholas's-church-yd ; office, 50, Dean st 
Eichardson John, & Edward, tanners, 80, 

Newgate-st. (fegliie manfrs. Back-lane ; ho. 

Elswick-lane 
Eichardson J. H. & Co. firebrick, &c. manu- 
facturers, 28, Quay 
Eichardson John, agent, 16, Plummer-st. 
Eichardson John, smith, 79, Percy-street 
Eichardson John, tobacconist, 13, Dean st; 

ho. Painter-heugh 
Eichardson John, j un. blacksmith, Percy-st ; 

ho. Liverpool-street 
Eichardson Jno.H. firebrick &c. manufactr. 

(J. H. Eichardson & Co.); ho. Willington 
Eichardson John, vict. Grapes Inn, Elswick 
Eichardson John, tanner. (J. & E. Eichard- 
son); ho. Elswick-lane 
Eichardson Jno. W. cornfactor, 1, Sandhill; 

ho. 107, Blenheim-street 
Eichardson Jonathan, director in the Dis ■ 

trict Bank, Hood-st; ho. Shotley Park, 

Shotley Bridge 
Eichardson Joseph, vict. Croio's Nest Inn, 

66, Percy-st 
Eichardson Joseph, painter, 14, Albion-st; 

ho. Hood-street, Sandyford-lane 
Eichardson Mansfield, coach-proprietor, 16, 

St. John's-lane 
Eichardson Mansfield, tailor, 19,St.John's-ln 
Eichardson Mary, confectr. 6, St. John's-ln 
Eichardson Mary, milliner, 3, Eldon-square 
Eichardson Eobert, joiner & cabinetmaker, 

and furniture broker, Causey Bank 
Eichardson Thos. cowkeeper, Gallow-gate 
Eichardson T. hairdresser, 24, Pilgrim-st 
Eichardson Thomas, perfumer, Szc. 77, 

North umberland-st. ; ho. 1, Blackett-pl 
Eichardson Thos. professor of music, 60, 

Grainger-street 
Eichardson Thomas, sharebroker (Drewry 

& Eichardson); ho. 7, St. Jamcs's-sti'cet 

T 



Eichardson Thos. profes. chemist (Eich- 
ardson & Browell); ho. 5, Portland-pl 
Eichardson Thos. draper &c. (Eichardson 

& Coxon); ho. 35, Eyehill 
Eichardson WilHam, bootmaker, 6, Castle- 
garth-stairs 
Eichardson William, commission agent, 20, 

Sandhill ; ho. 15, Claremont-place 
Eichardson Wm. dealer in paper hangings, 

108, Pilgrim-st 
Eichardson Wm. (Eichardson & Co.); ho. 

15, Claremont-place 
Eichardson Wm. stenciller, 7, Liverpool-st 
Eichie Nichol, jeweller, 28, Mosley-street 
Eickelton Hannah, butcher, 168, New Mkt. 

and 9, Westgate- street 
Eickelton William, timber merchant, Forth 

Banks ; ho. 8, Elswick East-terrace 
Eiddell George, marine store dealer, Ouse- 

burn Bridge 
Eiddell Thos. agent, 5, Brandling-place 
Eiddell Thomas, grocer, 33, Mosley-st ; ho.ar 

25, Cumberland-row ^t 

Eiddle Nicholas, cattle dlr. High Villa-pI 
Eidgway Jos. teacher, Hanover-square rig^ 
Eidley Errington, provision merchantjClose 

ho. 36, Vfestmoreland-terrace 95^ 

Eidley E. E. alkali manufacturer, St. Peter's ,is 

ho. New Eoad h 

Eidley F. W. copperas manufacturer (J. & 

F. W. Eidley) ; ho. 16, Lovaine-place 
Eidley George, tailor, Wesley-street 
Eidley George, agent, Elswick East-terrace 
Eidley Henry, chemist, 54, Newgate-st ; ho, 

14, St. Thomas's-street 
Eidley I. & F. W. copperas manufacturers ; 

ofiice, 34, Quay- side 
Eidley John & Son, shipbrokers, 34, Quay 
Eidley John, provision dealer, Close 
Eidley John, sohcitor, 45, Westgate-st ; ho. 

13, Saville-row 
Eidley John, manufacturing engineer, 98, 

Buckingham-street 
Eidley John, shipbroker (J. Eidley & Son); 

ho. 16, Lovaine-place 
Eidley Joseph, vict. Earl of Westmoreland 

Inn, Westmoreland-street 
Eidley Mrs. Margt. Low Swinburne-place 
Eidley Mary Ann, cooper, 88, Pilgrim-st. 

and 39, Bigg Market ; ho. 4, Eidley-pl 
Eidley Matthew, vict. Duke of Wellington 

Inn, Drury-lane 
Eidley Philhs, confectioner (Wylhe and 

Eidlev) ; ho. 23, Cloth Market 
Eidley Samuel, currier, 23, Blackett-street. 
Eidley Samuel, wine and spirit merchant, 

(Eidley & Thompson); ho. Eegent-ter 



290 



DIEECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE* 



Eidley Thomas, bottle manufacturer, Albion 

Glass Works, St. Peter's ; ho. Shieldfield 
Bidley & Thompson, wine & spirit merchts 

Love-lane, Quay 
Ridley Thos. Dawson, builder, Erick-st; ho. 

Els^vick East -terrace 
Ridley Thos. tallow chandler. Castle-street; 

ho. Ravensworth-terrace, Gateshead 
Ridley Thos. sohcitor (Hall & Ridley) ; ho. 

2, Jesmond-terrace 
Ridley Wilham, cheesemonger, 76, Close ; 

ho. 9, Forth-terrace 
Ridley Wm, tailor, grocer & beer retailer, 

26, Waterloo-street 
Ridsdale Thos. wine & spirit merchant, 7, 

Market-street 
Riley Dorothy & Ann, dressmkrs. 19, Hill-st 
Riley John, shoemaker, 19, Hill-street 
Ripley Mrgt. vict. Crown Inn, Manor-chare 
Ritchie John, vict. Talbot Inn, 74, West- 
gate-street 
Ritchie Robert, bond warehouse agent, 40 

and 50, Close 
Ritchie Robert, Water Co.'s turncock. 

Manor-place 
""itchie Wm. agent, Bell's-court, Pilgrim-st 
titson Jno. engine wright, Old Soap House, 

Ballast-hills 
Ritzema Henry R. brewer, Shieldfield ; ho. 

15, St, Thomas's-st 
Roberts .fc Co. commission agents, New-quay 
Roberts John, beerhouse, 8, Pudding-phare 
Roberts J. H. commission agents (Roberts 

& Co.); ho. Red Bams ViUa 
Roberts William, superintendent of Vagrant 

Ward, Queen-street 
Robertson Ann, teacher, 62, Northumber- 
land-street 
Robertson Geo. prov. dealer, 1 Elswick-st 
Robertson Jas. B. commercial traveller, 7, 

West-parade 
Robertson Jane, provision dealer, 27, St. 

Mary's-place-west ; ho. Nixon's-place, 

Percy-street 
Robertson John, saddler, 8, Newgate -street 
Robertson John J. sailmaker & provision 

merchant, Broad-chare 
Robertson John Henry, vict. Union Inn, 

Stockbridge 
Robins Mrs. seminary, Carliol- street 
Robins Wm. relieving officer, Carliol-street 
Robinson Edw. shipbroker, 15, Wesley-st 
Robinson George, cabinet maker, 74, 

Northumberland-street, and 23, Percy- st 
Robinson Geo. gentleman, 6, West-parade 
Robinson George, M.D. 26, Eldon-square 
Robinson GecFinley, engraver, 17, John-st 



Robinson Hugh, pro%'ision dealer, 36, New- 
gate-street 
Robinson James, temp, hotel, I, Colling- 

wood-street 
Robinson James, com. traveller, 17, Ryehill 
Robinson Jane Maria, seminary, 17, Ryehill 
Robinson Jane, provision dealer, Northum- 
berland-street 
Robinson Mrs. Jane 6, Albion street 
Robinson John, boot and shoemaker, 100, 

East Elswick-terrace 
Robinson John, currier, 58, St. Nicholas-sq 
Robinson John P. & Co. mlnrs. 60, Grain- 

ger-street 
Robinson John, academy, Cai-penters' Hall, 

Westgate; ho. 3, Cumberland-row 
Robinson John, bootmaker, 132, Pilgrim st; 

ho. 13, Stamfordh am -place 
Robinson John, butcher, 28, Westgate-hill, 
andl57, Nev^ Mkt; ho. 28, Westgate-hill 
Robinson John, cheesemonger, 47 and 48, 
Dean-st; ho. Roseworth Cottage,Gosforth 
Robinson John, grocer, 8, Butcher-bank 
Robinson John, tide waiter, 9, Hewgill-ter 
Robinson Joseph, livery stable keeper, 7, 

Cloth Market; ho. Union-street 
Robinson Joseph, oyster merchant, 9, East 

Clayton street 
Robinson Joseph W. linen manufacturer 

(Robinson & Wilson) ; ho. 59, Eldon-st 
Robinson and Son, grocers, Collingwoodst, 

and spirit merchants, 18, Union-street 
Robinson Margaret, milliner, Buxton-st 
Robinson Robert, bookseller, 116, Pilgrim- 
street; ho. Blackett-street 
Robinson Robt. stationer, 31 and 32, Side ; 

ho. Priory, Summer-hill-grove 
Robinson Robt. beer retailer, St. Anthony's 
Robinson Sarah, dressmkr, 11, Waterloo-st 
Robinson Thomas, grocer (Robinson and 

Son) ; ho. 26, AVestmoreland-terrace 
Robinson Wm. vict. Blue Bell Inn, Cut-bank 
Robinson Wm. agent, 17, Princess-street 
Robinson & Wilson, linen mnfs. 79, Pil- 
grim-street 
Robison Mary, hosier, (fee. 4, Northumber- 
land-street ; ho. 40, Prudhoe-street 
Robson Ann, academy. Glasshouse-street, 

St. Peters 
Robson Ann, Uvery stables. High Friar-st; 

ho. Blackett-street 
Robson Alexander, tailor, Byker-bar 
Robson Ann, cowkeeper, Percy-street 
Robson Arthur, agent, 38, Richmond- st 
Robson Clement, shipor, 7, Siimmer-hUl-ter 
Robson E. & Co. drapers, 29, Mosley-st; 
ho. 26, Eldon-street 



DIBECTOKY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, 



291 



Eobson Ebenezer, draper (E. Eobson and 

Co.); lio. 26, Eldon-street 
Eobson Edward, cowkeeper. Back-lane 
Eobson Edward, fruit merchant, Grinding- 

chare, Quay ; ho. 10, Clareniont-jDlace 
Eobson Elizabeth, flour dlr, 74, Pilgriui st 
Eobson Elizabeth, milliner, 6, Mosley st 
Eobson Deborah, cowkeeper, 10, Prudhoe-st 
Eobson Frances, floor cloth manufacturer, 

Elswick East-terrace ; ho. 2, Westmore- 
land-terrace 
Eobson Geo.proY. dealer, 5, Buckingham-st 
Eobson George, butcher, 39, New Market ; 

ho. 12, Eichmond-street 
Eobson Geo. provision dealer, Sandgate 
Eobson Geo. sharebroker, 34, Mosley-st ; 

ho. 8, Charlton-terrace 
Eobson & Hall, ironmongers, 3, Mosley-st 
Eobson Hannah, cab prptr. 2, Picton-ter 
Eobson Jas. lace mart, 15, Mosley-street ; 

ho. Coxlodge Cottage 
Eobson BIrs. James, French milliner, 15, 

Mosley-street 
Eobson Jas. mattress maker, 13, Pilgrim-st 
Eobson James, wine and spirit merchant. 

Manor-street; ho. 19, Eidley-place 
Eobson Jane, provision dealer, William - 

street, Arthur's-hill 
Eobson John, butcher, 8, Marlborough-st 
Eobson John, cabinet maker, 48, Groat 

Market ; ho. 66, Grainger-street 
Eobson John, com.trav.l9, Elswick East-ter 
Eobson John, hatter, 63, Grainger-street ; 
ho. Hillgate, Gateshead 
Eobson John, vict. Star and Garter, 13, 

East Clayton-street 
Eobson Jno. marine store dealer, 48, Forth- 

street ; ho. 63, Westmoreland-terrace 
Kobson John, brazier, 105, Percy-street 
Eobson John, tinplate-worker, 1, Back 

Els wick-street 
Eobson Joseph, vict. Hare and Hounds Inn, 

St. Peter's 
Eobson Josph.Phlp.agent, Station-house-sq 
Eobson Mary, matron, Female Penitenti- 
ary, Diana-street 
Eobson Margaret, prov. dealer. Union Mill 
Eobson Matthew, eating house, 10, East 

Clayton-street 
Eobson Eobt. builder and stone merchant, 

Carliol-square, Kenton, and Wideopen 
Eobson Eobert, cabinetmaker,64,Northum- 

berland-street 
Eobson Eobt. grocer, 9, Bridge-end ; ho. 

Simpson-street 
Eobson Eobert, hosier, (J. Corbett «8c Co.); 

ho. 2, Grey-street 



Eobson Eobt. agent, Elswick East- terrace 
Eobson Thos. boot and shoemkr, Wesley-st 
Eobson Thos. bootmaker, 107, Side 
Eobson Thos. timber merchant,8,Albert-ter 
Eobson Thos. ironmonger (Eobson & Hall); 

ho. 5, Westgate-hill 
Eobson Wm. builder, Leazes-road ; ho. 1, 

Percy-place 
Eobson Wm. builder, 16, West Pitt-street 
Eobson Wm. butcher, 12, New Market 
Eobson Wm. cart proprietor, Gallow-gate 
Eobson Wm. coach proprietor, High Friar- 
street ; ho. 39, Blackett-street 
Eobson Wm. gentleman, 11, Claremont-pl 
Eobson Wm. painter, Drury-laue ; ho. 31, 

Trafalgar-street 
Eobson Wm, seed crusher (Hoyle, Eobson, 

&Co.); ho. Paradise 
Eobson Wm. B. provision dealer, Sandgate 
Eobson Wm. Edwd. clock maker, 8, Cloth 

Market ; ho. 25, Marlborough-street 
Eobson Wm. E. builder, Westgate Hill-ter 
Eobson Wm. Young, flour dealer, 34, Groat 

Market ; ho. Byron-street 
Eochester Edwd. vict. Bricklayers' Arms, 

Stepney-bank 
Eochester Thos. & Son, provision dlrs. 95, 

Newgate- st ; ho. Skinners'-burn Saw Mills 
Eodger Jane M. milliner, 5, Grainger-street 
Eodger John, vict. Albion, 181, Pilgrim-st 
Eodgers John, beerhouse, Sxjring-street 
Eod.ie John, vict. Turk's Head Hotel, 25 

Grey street 
Eoe James, vict. Union Tavern 43, Head 

of Side 
Eodham Thomas, grocer & ale merchant, 

21, High-bridge 
Eogerson Edwd. vict. Crown and Thistle 

Inn, Groat Market 
Eogerson and Hardy, Central Hotel, 35, 

Grey-street 
Eogerson John, cart proprietor. Back 

Oxford-street 
Eogerson John, grindstone manufacturer, 

59, Quay; ho. Groat Market 
Eogers John, clothes dealer. Groat Market 
Eomer Wm. agent, 1, Brandling-place 
Eose C. W, commission agent (Intlemann, 

Eose, & Co.): ho. Bloomfield-terrace, 

Gateshead 
Eoss C. M. flour dealer, 78, Pilgrim-street 
Eoss John, academy. Nelson-street; ho. 

18, Terrace-place 
Eoss John, com. traveller, 15, Albion-place 
Eoss John, merchant tailor, Scotsv.-ood 
Eoss Carohne Mary, flour dealer, 78, Pil- 
grim-street 



S93 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Eoss Leonard, fislimonger, 2, Low Friar- 
street; lio. 33, Terrace-place 
Eoss Metcalf, printer, Tilla-plaee 
Eoss Eobert, agent, 20, Terrace-i-)lace 
Eoss V{m. Malcolm, engineer andmachinst, 

Hanover-street 
Eoss Mr. William, 47, Cumberland-row 
Eongier Joseph, comb and brush manufac- 
turer, 10, Grey-street 
Eoutledge Eiizb. dressmkr. 5, Darncrook 
Eoutledge Jane, straw bonnet maker, 67, 

Newgate-street 
Eoutledge Jno. bootmkr, 18, Marlborougli-st 
Eoutledge John, registrar of marriages, 

Carliol-street 
Eoutledge Eobt. builder, Picton-place 
Eow Eobt. teacher, 4, Buckiugham-street 

ho. St. Mary-street 
Eow Eobt. Tict. TVMte Swan Inn, Cloth 

jSIarket, and bootmaker, at 84, Side 
Eowell Mrs. Ann, 3, Stamfordham-place 
Eowell Edwd. confectioner, 24, Kewgate-st; 

ho. Forth-terrace 
Eowell ilrs. Elizb. 4, Strawbeny-place 
Eowell George, marine store dealer, and 
grease manufacturer. Head of the Swirle; 
ho. Hewgill -terrace 
Eowell John, Tict. Charles XII. Inn, 4, 

Bridge-end 
Eowell John H. agent, 11, Bichmond-st 
Eowell Joseph, provision dlr, 95, Pilgrim- 
street ; ho? 16, Cottenham-street 
Eowell Samuel, pawnbkr. 74, Northunfber- 

land-st, ; ho. 1, Northumberland-court 
Eowell Samuel, smith, Clarence-street : ho. 

Fugel-street 
Eoyal Olympic Music Saloon, Eacquet-court. 

Eobert Howard, proprietor 
Eowley Francis, tm-ner, 20, Newgate-street; 

ho. 1, Prudhoe-street 
Eowley Frank, butcher, 102, New Llarket ; 

ho. Prudhoe-street 
Eowley John, academy, 23, Buckingham- 
street; ho. 7, William-street 
Eowley Eobt. butcher, 176, Pilgrim-street 
Eoyston John, draper, 18, Grey-street ; 

ho. High Bridge 
Eumford Cuthbt. upholsterer, 7, Green-ct 
Eush Jolm, contractor, 12, Oxford-street 
Eussell George, corn factor, 12|, Sandhill; 

ho. 5, Queen-square 
Eussell Eobt. ship and insurance broker, 1, 

Sandhill ; ho. Creig HaU 
Eussell Thos. vict. Ship Inn, St. Peter's 
Eussell Wm. potatoe merchant, Nuns'-gate 
Eussell Henry & Edward, surgeons, 12, 
St. John's-lane, and 20, Carliol-street 



Eutheiford Captain James, barrack master, 

32, Leazes-terrace 
Eutherford Chas. & Thomias, tanners and 

curriers, West Blandford-street 
Eutherford Chas. tanner, &c. (Chas. & 

Thos. Eutherford) ; ho. Brandling-place 
Eutherford Thomas, tanner, &c. (Chas. & 

Thos. Eutherford); ho. Eidley- villas 
Eutherford Mr. Jas. Byker-buildiugs, Byker 
Eutherford Jane, hosier, 3, Adelaide-place 
Eutherford John, bootmaker, 5, Hill street 
Eutherford Joseph, bootmaker, 72, Side 
Eutherford Eobert Stewart, 13, Elddon-sq 
Eutherford Thos. H. academy, Byker-bar 
Eutherford Wm. cabinet maker, Westgate 
Eutherford Y\^m. butcher, Prudhoe-place 
Eutherford Wm. greengrocer, 206, New 

Market 
Eutherford Wm. ChCo House, Eldon-square, 

and livery stable keeper. North Eldon-la 
Eutherford Wm. x^rovision dealer, Chapel-la 
Eutland George, bookseller. New Market; 

ho. 21, Spring Garden-teiTace 
Eutland James, grocer, 13, Buckingham-st 
Eutter Lydia, dressmaker and milliner, 

High ■\Vesley-street 
Eutter Martha, glassdealer, 7, Blackett-st 
Eutter Eichard Ball, agent. Garden-terrace 
Eycroft Edward Martio, joiner, West- street 
Eyder, George, butcher, 65, New Market 
Eycler, John, butcher, 126, New Market ; 

ho. 55, Clayton-street 
Eyle Margaret, lodgings, 48, Blaekett-street 
Eyles Aaron, vict. Old Hawk Inn, Ouseburn 

Bridge 
Eymer Eichard, agent, 7, Hedley-place 

SABOEN Henry, gentleman, 48, Jessa- 
mine-place 
Sadler Cornehus, grocer, Ousehum Bridge 
Sadler Frederick, agent, Argyle-street 
Sadler Ursula Jane, glove cleaner, Argyle-st 
Salmon Elizabeth, rict. Norfolk Hero Inn, 

Colvin's-chai^e 
Salmon Eobert Stephen, painter, 59, New-- 
gate-street ; ho. 19,Westmorelaud-terrace 
Salmon Eobt. master of Union Workhouse, 

Westgate-hill 
Sambridge James & Son, grocers, & flour 

dealers, St. Anthony's 
Sambridge Thomas, agent, Byker-bar 
Sambridge William, butcher, St. Anthony's 
Sampson John, earthenware manufacturer, 

Ouseburn 
Sanderson John, brewer, Barras Bridge 
Sanderson Geo. prov. dlr. 28, Shield-street 
Sanderson Jolm, brewer, Sandyford-lane 



ciRECToSY OF newcastle-upon-tyn:^. 



^9S 



Sanderson John, fruiterer, 101, East 

Clayton-street 
Sanderson Joseph, dairyman, 9, Pitt-street 
Sanderson Euth & Mary, 13, St. James's-st 
Sanderson Eichard Burdon, gentleman, 

West Jesmond 
Sanderson Eey.E.B.(Baptist)Brandling-pl 
Sanderson Eev. E. B. junior, (Baptist) 

Brandling-place 
Sanderson Eohert, vict. Ivy House Inn, 

Stepney field 
Sanderson Thos. gentleman, 1, Picton-ter 
Sanderson Yv'ilUam, builder, joiner, &:c. 

Lambton- place; ho. 41, Prudhoe-street 
Sang John, surgeon, 1, Charlotte-square 
Sang William, bookseller, 61, Grey-sti'eet ; 

ho. 14, Summer-hill-terrace 
Saniter, Ludwig, & Co. merchants, and 

shipbrokers, 39, Broad-chare 
Saniter H. merchant, &c. (Saniter, Ludwig, 

and Co.); ho. 39, Carliol-street 
Savage Edward, broker, 17, Cloth Market 
Saverey James, millstone manufacturer, 

Eorth-banks 
Sayer James, ^dct. Blue Bell Inn, St. 

Nicholas's-square 
Sayers Wm. floorcloth manufacturer, &c. 

(Spence & Sayers) ; ho. 19,Terrrace-place 
Sayers Christopher, basket manufacturer, 

Percy -street ; ho. 58, Newgate-street 
Scaife Mrs. Jane, 80, Leazes-terrace 
Scaife John, marine store dealer, Carliol-pl 
Scaife John, solicitor, 35, Pilgrim-street; 

ho. Elswick West-terrace 
Scaife J. W. chemist and druggist, 56, 

Grey-street; ho. Leazes-terrace 
Scai'th John, butcher, St. Peter's-quay 
Scarlet George, tailor, 31, Collingwood-st 
Scarlet Geo. Barkas, agent, 1 5, Elswick -villas 
Scarlett Wm. General Wolfe Inn, Canada-st 
Scheele Wm. merchant, 71, Quay; ho. 3, 

Jesmond-place 
Schier H. J. m>erchant (Christiansen, Schier 

& Co.); ho. 13, Lovaine -place 
Schmalz G. & Go. merchants, 71, Quay 
Schmalz Gustave, merchant (G. Schmalz, 

and Co.); ho. 7, St. Mary's-terrace 
ScoTswooD Beick and Tile Company, 

manufrs. of lampblack, coke, varnish and 

coal oil, Scotswood 
Scott Alex. D. Smith, Victoria Market; ho. 

17, Melbourne-street 
Scott Andrew, cattle salesman, 4,Derwent-pl 
Scott Andrew, butcher. Maidens-walk-st, 

and 117, New Market 
Scott Ann, register office for servants, 6-4, 

Grain ger-street 



Scott Edward butcher, I, Bayley-street, and 

New Market 
Scott Edward, butcher, 77, New Market, 

and Arthur's-hill ^ 

ScottEdwd. veterinary surgeon, M.E.V.C.L. 

Manor chare 
Scott Elizabeth, cowkeeper, Gallow-gate 
Scott & Forster, drprs. 70, West Clayton- st 
Scott Henry, tailor, 9, East Clayton-street 
Scott James, painter, 2, Darncrook ; ho. 9, 

Sandyford-place 
Scott James, provision dealer, Adelaide-pl 
Scott James, vict. Scotch Arms Inn, 7, Quay 
Scott James J. merchant, 69, Quay; ho. 

27, Eldon-street 
Scott James W. saddler, 83, Pilgrim-street; 
■ 6, Blackett-place 
Scott Jane, teacher, 4, Shield-street 
Scott John, butcher, 67, New Market; 

Temple-street 
Scott John and Andrew, cattle and sheep 

salesmen, 3, Derwent-place, Cattle Mar- 
ket and Darnick, Melrose, Eoxburgshire, 

Scotland 
Scott John, contractor, 64, Grainger-street 
Scott John, vict. Earl of Durham Inn, 11, 

Marlborough-crescent 
Scott John, tailor, 48, Grainger-street 
Scott John, umbrella manufacturer and 

general dealer, 140, Pilgrim-street 
Scott John D. wine & spirit merchant 

(Geldard & Scott); ho. 27, Eldon-street 
Scott John, tailor. Temple-street 
Scott John, inspector of police, Percy-place 
Scott John 0. coal fitter, 28, Quay; ho. 

Willin gton- qu ay 
Scott Joseph, agent, 2, Claremont-place 
Scott Miss Margaret, 5, St. Thomas's-ter 
Scott Mary, dressmakei', 6, Percy -place 
Scott Nicholas, cabinet makr. Saville-court 
Scott Eobert, carver & gilder, Hedley-place, 

Westgate 
Scott Eobert,butcher,WaUier, St. Anthony's 

•and Bill-point- quay 
Scott Eobert, agent, Forth-banks 
Scott Eobert, butcher, St. Peter's 
Scott Eobert, vict. Duke of Northuniheriandf 

102, East Clayton-street 
Scott Eobert, bootmaker, 2, Oak's-place 
Scott Eobt. draper (Scott & Forster); ho. 

1, Hedley-street 
Scott Stephen, wine merchant (Fiula}^ & 

Scott); ho. 47, Bigg Llarket 
Scott Thomas, cai'twright. Orchard-street 
Scott Thomas, seedsman, 27, Bigg Mai'ket 
Scott Thos. vict. Meters' Arms In«,Sandgate 
Scott Tliomas, prov. dealer, 4, Edward-st 



S94 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Scott Thomas, tailor & draper, 51, West 

Clayton-street 
Scott Walter, grocer, Cutbank 
Scott Walter, joiner, Pandon-bank 
Scott Wm. baker, 3, St.Nicliolas's churcb-yd 
Scott Wm.btcbr.7, New Mkt;ho.Waterloo-st 
Scott WiUiam, smitb, Manor-chare; ho. 

High-street, Gateshead 
Scott Wm. B. artist, and master of Govern- 
ment School of Design, 3, St.Thomas's-st 
Scott Wm. Henry, mrchnt, &c. (Stevenbon, 

Vermehern, & Scott); ho. Eldon-street 
Seager Wm. master mariner, 1, Kichmond-st 
Selby Leopold, commission agent, 14, St. 

Thorn as's-crescent 
Selby E. shoemaker. Temple-street 
Selkirk & Bell, hosiers, 23, Blackett-street 
Selkirk James, printer, &c. 27, Market-st. ; 

ho. 27, Prudhoe-street 
Selkirk Jane, hosier (Selkirk &Bell);ho. 2, 

S to well- street 
Senior Elizabeth, dealer in sund. New Mills 
Sessford John, prof, of music, Percy-court 
Sewell and Co. earthenware manufacturers, 

St. Anthony's Pottery 
Sewell Henry, earthenware manufacturer 

(Sewell & Co.) ; ho. St. Anthony's 
Se^Yell Joseph, earthenware manufacturer 

(Sewell & Co.); ho. Low Heaton 
Sewell Kobert, tin-plate worker, Cloth 

Market; ho. St. Nicholas's-church-yard 
Sewell Thomas, silversmith, 106, Side;-^ ho. 

33, C arliol-street 
Sewell William J. bootmaker,5,High Bridge 
Sewell A. & Son, funeral furnishers, 12, 

Percy-street 
Shand Wlliam, accountant, Bank -buildings, 

Mosley-street ; ho. 12, Nixon-street 
Shanks Thos. & Eobert, coach makers, &c. 

24, High Bridge 

ShanksWm. vict. FightingCocJcs' Inn, East 

Ballast-hills 
Sharland Williams & Co. bazaar proprietors, 

25, Clayton-street, West 

Sharp Jas. surgical instrument maker, 26, 

Market-st. ; ho. 6, Nelson- st., Gateshead 
Sharp Jane, bookseller, 33, Westgate-street 
Sharp Thomas, agent, 100, Blenheim-st 
Sbaw Elias, agent, 12, Saville-court 
Shaw Hannah, grocer, 12, Friar-street 
Shaw James Davidson, banker, 10, St. 

Thomas's -street 
Shaw Joseph, pawnbroker,! 9, St.Nicholas's- 

church-yard 
Shaw Margt. provision dealer, 21, Percy-st 
Shaw Thomas, seed crusher (Hoyle, Eob- 

son, & Co.); ho.Whickham 



ShawWilliam,commercial traveller, 19, High 

Bridge 
Sheardown Bernard J. merchant (Hollenius 

(feSheardown); ho. Elswick-lane 
Shephard Ann, agent for Morrison's medi- 
cines, 20, Carliol-street 
Shephard Joseph, agent, 20, Carhol-street 
Shepherd Jno. Henderson, vict. Newcastle 

Arms Inn, Darncrook 
Shepherd Eev. Eobt. incumb. of St. Paul's, 

5, Elswick lane 
Sherwood Wilham, combmaker, 37, Bigg 

Market; ho. 5, Northumberland-court 
SherwoodWm.combmkr.Eighting Cocks'-yd 
Shevill Thos. slater, &:c. Liverpool-street 
Shield Frederick & Co. ship brokers and 

coal fitters, 67, Quay 
Shield Frederick, ship broker (F. Shield & 

Co.) ; ho. Dalton 
Shield Geo. com. trav. 6, St. Thomas's-cres 
Shield Geo. E. & Co. woollen merchants, 

39, Mosley-street 
Shield Geo. Eobertson, woollen merchant, 
(G. E. Shield & Co.); ho. 9, Claremont-pl 
Shield Mrs. Helen 14, Leazes-terrace 
Shield Henry, bootmaker, 9, John-street 
Shield James & Co. wine merchants, 34, 

Market-street 
Shield James, wine merchant (J. Shield & 

Co.); ho. 17, High Claremont-place 
Shield John & Co. merchants, 62, Grey-st 

and Old Market-lane 
Shield John, junr. wine merchant (J.Shield, 

& Co.) ; ho. 62, Grey-street 
Shield Joseph, Son, & Co. ship and insur- 
ance brokers. Trinity Chambers, Quay 
Shield Joseph, ship, &c. broker (J. Shield 

Son, & Co.) ; ho. Westgate Cottage 
Shield Margaret, grocer, &c. 59, Stowell-st 
Shiell John, prov. dealer, 13, Pudding chare 
Shields Thos. & Son, piano-forte, manu- 
facturers, 54, Northumberland-street 
Shields Wm. chain and anchor manufac- 
turer and iron founder, St. Peter's Quay; 
ho. 14, Eidley Villas 
Shipley Anthony, dairyman, Gallow-gate 
Shipley Joseph, managing clerk, 72, Grey-st 
Shipley Wm. corn & flour dlr. 43, BiggMkt 
Short Thos. draper, 78, West Clayton-st 
Short Thos. com. traveller, 13, York-st 
Short Matthew, vict. Eopers' Arms Inn, 2, 

Nelson-street, North-shore 
Shorter Maiia, register office for servants. 

90, Pilgrim-street 
Shorthose John, agent for Bass&Co. Goods 

Station Y. N. & B. Ey ; ho. Sheffield-gu 
Shotton John, tailor, Byker-bar 



DIRECTOBY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



^96 



Shotton Robert, cheesemonger, 17, St. 

Nicliolas's-chnrch-yard 
Shotton Eoger, draper, 40, Jessamine-place 
Sibbet Henry, tax collector. Orchard-street 
Siddle R. butcher, Hindhangh-street 
Sidney & Ray, tea dealers, 27, Grey-street 
Signey Michael, wire worker (Foggin and 

Signey) ; ho. Argyle-terrace 
Sillick James, tanner, 27, Bigg Market ; 
ho. 6, Claremont-place 
Simmons Henry John, marine store dealer, 

Dog Bank 
Simmons Simon, cabinet maker, 16, North- 
umberland-street 
Simm James, boot and shoe maker, 14, 

Chm-chhill-street 
SimpsonAlex.YictiorcZA"^eZsojiJnK,Sandgate 
Simpson C. cabinet maker, 109, Pilgrim-st 
Simpson Geo. confectnr. 15, Cloth Market 
Simpson Anthony, bookseller, &c. (T. Simp- 
son & Sons) ; ho. 35, Howard-street 
Simpson George, plumber, &c. Blandford- 

street and Westgate 
Simpson Henry, Commercial Hotel, 26, 

Grainger-street 
Simpson Henry, bookseller, &c. (T. Simp- 
son & Sons) ; ho. Red Bams 
Simpson John, contractor, 26, Melboume-st 
Simpson Jos. butcher, 26, New Market; 

ho. Bigg Market 
Simpson Mrs. teacher, 61, Westmoreland-ter 
Simpson Thomas, dealer in sundries, 26, 

Pudding-chare 
Simpson Thos. bookseller, &c. (T. Simpson 

and Sons) ; ho. 2, Side 
Simpson Thos. and Sons, booksellers and 

printers, 2 Side, and 15, Dean-street 
Simpson William, Newbegin, shopkeeper, 

12, Lower Buxton-street 
Simpson Wm. grocer and provision dealer, 

Westgate ; ho. Garden-terrace 
Sinclair Adam, tailor, 12, Castle-garth 
Sinclair Archibald, vict. JDuke of York Inn, 

and grocer. East Ballast-hills 
Sinclair Duncan, vict. Gardeners' Arms Inn, 

3, Nelson-street, Grainger-street 
Sinclair Henry, agent, Hare-street 
Sinclair Henry, hosier, 2, Hiu de-street 
Sinclair James, professor of dancing, 2, 

Nelson-street, Grainger-street 
Sinclair William, livery stable and posting 

house, 65, Northumberland-street 
Singleton Joseph, grease manufacturer, 

&c. Royal Oak Inn, Buckingham-street 
Sinton John, miller and flour dealer, 38, 

Groat Market 
Sinton George, GIoIq Inn^ High Wesley-st 



Sinton Margaret, dress mkr. Terrace place 
Sisson George, com. agent (Currie, Brothers 

and Co.); ho. 7, Bloomfield-ter. Gateshead 
Skelton Ann, straw hat mkr. 16, Prudhoe-st 
Skelton John, timber merchant (Doeg and 

Skelton); ho. 7, Mulgrave-ter. Gateshead 
Slater Benjamin, miller, Sussex-street 
Slater Henry, butcher, Gibson-street 
Slater John, miller, Forth-street 
Slater Thomas, miller, Forth-street; ho. 20, 

West Elswick-terrace 
Slater William, dairyman, Oak's-place 
Slee Mthw. prov. dlr. Nelson-st, Grainger-st 
Sloan David, provision dealer. Back-row 
Slow Philip, grocer, Blagdon-street 
Smaile Robert, agent, Vine-lane 
Smaile Robert & Benjamin, crucible manu- 
facturers. Regent-street 
Smales Thos. C. agent, 1, East-parade 
Small Hannah, hosier, Sandhill ; ho. 19, 

Ridley-villas 
Small Mrs. Mary Eliza, 17, Wellington-ter 
Small Thos. Oswald, hosier, 8, Blackett-st; 

ho. 19, Ridley-villas 
Smart Mary Ann, lodgings, 113, Blenheim-st 
Smarthwaite W. B. agent, 9, St, James's-st 
Smellie John, gardener, Goldspink-lane, 

Jesraond 
Smiles Edward, chemist, 54, Newgate-st 
Smiles Hy. manager Newcastle and Carlisle 

Railway station ; ho. Y/estoe, South Shds 
Smith Adam, draper, Ouseburn Bridge; ho. 

Byker-buildings 
Smith Ann, greengrocer, 227, New Market 
Smith Ann, lodgings, Carliol-street 
Smith Ann, lodgings, 8, Eldon-square 
Smith Anthony, prov. dlr. Back Trafalgar-st 
Smith Barbara, eating house, 25, Nelson-st 
Smith Batholomew, tea dealder, 9^ Oxford-st 
Smith Catherine, milliner, 105, E, Claytou-st 
Smith Chas. agent, 25, Eldon-place 
Smith Chas. & Son, shipbrks. 1, Broad-chare 
Smith Chas. shipbroker, (C. Smith & Son); 

ho. ]2, Saville-row 
Smith Mrs. Esther, 4, Leazes-terrace 
Smith Fred, superintendent for T. & Wm. 

Smith, shipbuilders, St. Peters; ho. 11, 

Regent-terrace 
Smith Geo. agent, 93, Blandford-street 
Smith Geo. butcher, 42, New Mai'ket and 

Gibson-street; ho. New-road 
Smith G. F. A. secty. to the North British 

Insurance Company; 14, Sandhill; ho. 

44, Leazes-terrace 
Smith iSc Griffin, carpenters it joiners, Car- 

liol-square 
Smith H. photographic Mtist, 70, Grey-st 



S96 



DIRECTORS OF newcastl-e-u?ok-ty:\^:^. 



Smitli Jacob, millwright, 14, Spring Gar- 
den-terrace 
Smith James, vict. Blue Bell Inn, Grind- 

ing-chare 
Smith Jas. draper (Mackey, Smith & Co,); 

ho. Henderson's-place, Gateshd. Low Fell 
Smith John, joiaer, &c. (Arnot & Smith); 

ho. 12, Terrace-place 
Smith John, dairyman, G, Marlhorough-st 
Smith John, provision dealer, Temple-street 
Smith John, enginewright, 29, Newgate-st 
Smith John, vict. Shipwright's Arms, St. 

Peter's 
Smith John Coulson, clothes dealer, 9, St. 

Nicholas's-churchyard 
Smith J. & W. J. engineers, iron founders, 

& boiler makers, St. Lavn'ence Iron Works 
Smith John Young, agent, 9, St. Thomas's-st 
Smith Maria, teacher (Bowness & Smith); 

ho. 53, Northumberland-street 
Smith Mary, butcher, 1 64, New jMarket ; ho. 

43, West Clayton-street 
Smith Mrs. Mary, Shield-street 
Smith Miss Elizab. 3, St. James's terrace 
Smith Neil, commission agent, 1, Green- 

lield-place 
Smith Nicholas, agent, Forth-banks, West 
Smith Ealph, pawnbrkr. 6, Upper Buston-st 
Smith Ealph, tobacconist, 41, Grey-st; ho. 

5, Villa-place 
Smith Eobt. draper, 64, West Clayton-st 
Smith Eobt. Anthony, tea & coSee mrchnt. 

15, Bigg Market; ho. 4, Lovaine-crescent 
Smith Thos. schoolmaster. Cholera School, 

Eosemary-lane 
Smith Thos. commercial trav. 33, Blackett-st 
Smith Thos. greengrocer, 225, New Mrkt; 

ho. Leazes-crescent 
Smith Thos. provision dealer, Manor-chare 

and Quay-side 
Smith Thos. provi. dlr. 39, Newgate-street 
Smith Thos. vict. Black Boy, Spital tongues 
Smith Thos. flour dealer, 2, Quay ; ho. 3, 

Picton-terrace 
Smith Thos. & Wm. rope manufacturers, 

St. Lawrence, & wood & iron shipbuilders, 

St. Peter's and North Shields 
Smith Thos. rope manufactr. &c. (T. & W. 

Smith); ho. High Gosforth House 
Smith William, vict. Golden Lion Inn, 

Bigg Market 
Smith Wm. rope manufacturer, (T. & W. 

Smith) ; ho. Benton 
Smitlison Geo. cornfactr (Eedhead & Smith- 
^'- son); ho. St. Mary's-mount, Jesraond 
Smithson Wm. provision dlr. 14, George-st 
Smurthwaite Wm. B. agent, 9, St. James's-st 



Snaith Eobt. prov. dealer, & retailer of beer, 
Back Trafalgar-street 

Snaith W. D. cooper. Stock Bridge; ho. 
191, Pilgrim-street 

Snape Eev. Jas. head master Eoyal Gram- 
mar School, Charlotte-square; ho. 14, 
West Elswick-terrace 

Snow Joseph, butcher, 174, New Market, 
& Scotswood-road 

Snowball & Allan, confectioners, 72, Nor- 
thumberland-street 

Snowball Thomas, baker &c. (Snowball & 
Allan); ho. 17, St. Mary's-place 

Snowden Eev. Charles, M.A. curate of St. 
Nicholas's chm^ch ; ho. Eldon- square 

Snowdon Henry, tailor, 4, Blackett-st ; ho. 
Shield-street 

Snowdon John, grocer &c. 60, Quay 

Snowdon T. bookbinder, 10, Bigg Market ; 
ho. 22, Stowell-street 

Snowdon William & Son, bookbinders, 10, 
Bigg JMarket 

Snowdon Wm. bookbinder, (William Snow- 
don & Sou); ho. Stowell-street 

Snowdon Wm. draper, 4, Blackett-st 

Snowdon Wm. J. grocer, 2 and 3, Percy-st 

Solomon John, tailor, Castle-garth 

Somerville Eliz. teacher. High Wesley-st 

Sommerville Wm. corkcutter, 4,Drury-lane; 
ho. Willde-street, Shieldfield 

Soj)with John, cabinet maker, upholsterer, 
&c. (Thomas & John Sopwith); ho. 3, 
Lovaine-row 

SopAvith Thos. cabinet maker, upholsterer, 
&c. (Thomas & John Sopwith); ho. 28, 
Eidley-place 

Sopwith Thomas & John, cabinet makers, 
upholsterers, and mahogany yard; work- 
shops and yard, Sandyford-lane; show- 
rooms in Northumberland-street 

Soulsby Ealph, gentleman, 5, Hinde-street 

Soulsby W. tailor, Spring-street 

Soulsby W. foreman of fire engines, Manors 

Souter Jas. jun. agent, 11, Villa-place 

Souter Thos. cheesemonger &c. Bridge-end ; 
ho. 11, Villa-place 

Souter William B. commercial traveller, 
Hood-street, Sandyford-lane 

Southern Geo. brewer, 95, Percy-st 

Southern George William, fire brick manu- 
facturer, ( South ern&Watson); ho. Spring- 
Yvell, Durham 

Southern John IL fire brick manufactu- 
rer (Southern & Watson); ho. Springwell, 
Durham 

Southern Wm. butcher, 159, New Market; 
ho. 2, Northumberland-place 



SiilteCTORY OF neWcastle-upon-tyne!. 



297 



Southern & Watson, Fire Brick manufac- 
turers, 26, Quay, and at Tyne Fire Brick 

Works, Dunston 
Southern Wm. merchant, Eewcastle-chare, 

Quay ; ho. Shieldtield 
Southerland WilHngton, hairdresser, 34, 

Grey- street 
Sowerby T. coalfitter. Trinity-chare, Quay ; 

ho. Gateshead Low Fell 
Spark John, joiner, 162, Pilgrim street 
Sparke William, wholesale and retail china, 

glass, and earthenware dealer, 38 and 39, 

Quayside ; ho. Eewcastle-chare 
Speedy Kobt. \ict. Ropery Banks Hotel, St. 

Ann's-street, Sandgate 
Spence David W. wine and spirit merchant, 

17, Shakespeare-street, and plasterer, 96, 

Pilgrim-street 
Spence Edward, plumber &c. 1, Sandhill ; 

shop, 2, Close, & innkeeper, Black Swan 

Inn, 69, Westgate-street 
Spence Geo. provisn. dealer, Sunderland-st 
Spence James, floor cloth manufacturer 

(Spence & Sayers); ho. Friars 
Spence John, vict. Ship Inn, Milk Market 
Spence Jeremiah, hosier, 80, Pilgrim-street 
Spence & Sayers, floor cloth manufacturers, 

painters, and glaziers, 24, Bigg Market ; 

manufactory, top of Westmoreland-terrace 
Spence T. Henry, outfitter, 1, Sandhill; ho. 

17, Bloomfield-terrace, Gateshead 
Spence William, farmer.& gardener, Heaton 
Spencer James & Son, drapers, 15, Grey- 
street, and 74, Quay 
Spencer James, jun. (Tyne Asphalte Co. 

15, Grey-st.); ho. 7, Leazes-terrace 
Spencer Jane, milliner, 47, Blackett-street 
Spencer John, pawnbroker, 38, Newgate-st 
Spencer John & Sons, manufacturers of 

steel and files, springs for locomotive 

engines & railway carriages, &c. Newburn 

Steel Works ; office, 78, Westgate-street, 

Newcastle, and 124, Finchurch-street, 

London 
Spencer John, scnr. steel &c. manufacturer 

(J. Spencer & Sons); ho. Lemington FLall 
Spencer John, jun. steel &c. manufacturer 

(J. Spencer & Sons); ho. Newburn 
Spencer Michael, steel &c. manufacturer 

(John Spencer & Sons) ; ho. Leming- 
ton Hall 
Spencer M, H. tobacconist, 2, Sandhill ; ho. 

Eosella-place, North Shields 
Spencer Philips, druggist. Low Friar st ; 

ho. South parade 
Spencer Eobert, turner, 48, Groat Market; 

ho. 47, Blackett-street 

T 9 



Spencer Eobert, soHcitor, 29, Sandhill 

Spencer Thos. steel &c. manufactr. (John 
Spencer & Sons); ho. Lemington Hall 

Spencer Eev. William, B.A. boarding and 
day school, 7 and 8, Clayton-street-west 

Spencer Wm. gentleman, 19, Leazes-ter 

Spens Thomas, engraver, 8, Grainger-st ; 
ho. Bensham 

Spoor Ambrose, jun. agent, Hanover-street 

Spoor Ambrose, file manufacturer, Hanover- 
square ; ho. Hanover-street 

Spoor Edward, architect & builder, cabinet- 
maker and upholsterer, and manufacturer 
of bricks and draining tiles, and dealer in 
plaster &c. Hanover-square ; ho. Elswick 
Villas 

Spoor Jno. coffee merchant, 149, Pilgrim-st 

Spours Edward, provision dealer & miller, 
Wesley-street and Cowgate 

Spraggon Catherine, vict. Hope and Anchor 
Tavern, Forth-street 

Spraggon Miss Elizabeth, 3, Leazes-crescent 

Spraggon John, cooper, 49, High-bridge; 
ho. Albert-place, Shieldfield 

Spraggon Ealph, butcher, 121, New Market; 
ho. 2, Northumberland-place 

Spring Miss EUzabeth, 3, Leazes-crescent 

Springmann Charles, ship and insurance 
broker, &c. (Temperly & Springmann) ; 
ho. Union-row, Gateshead 

Springmann Charles Frederick, teacher of 
the Eoyal Jubilee School, New-road 

Stabbart John, cart proprietor, 86, West 
Clayton -street 

Stable & Dees, solicitors, 58, Pilgrim-street 

Stable Geo. Waugh, solicitor (Stable and 
Dees) ; ho. Heaton-dean 

Stafl'ord Hannah, fancy repository, 65, 
Grey- street 

Stafford John, teacher, St. Ann's National 
school. New-road 

Staftbrd John, grocer, Hedley-st. Oyster- 
shell-lane 

Stainthorpe Geo. Fairbridge, chemist, 2, 
Marlborough-st ; ho. Morrison -terrace 

Stamp Elizb. Georgiaua, school, 39, West- 
moreland-terrace 

Stamp George, chicory, &c, manufacturer, 
(John Eichardson & Co.) ; ho. GalloM-gt 

Stanhope Eobt. S. gentleman, 9, Brand- 
ling-place 

Staniford & Eliott, sliipbrokers, Broad-ch 

Staniford Fi'ancis, shipbroker (Staiuford & 
Eliott) ; ho. High Clarcmont-place 

Stanley Ebt. S. gentleman, 3, St. Thomas's- 
crescent 

Stanton John, gentleman, 22, Cumbrld-row 



398 



DtRlCTOBY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TtNE. 



Stanton Pliilip Holmes, solicitor, 23, Sand- 
hill ; ho. 7, Summerhill-grove 
Stappard Joseph, vict. Old George, Union-st 
Stark Jas. tobacconist 24, East Clayton-st; 

ho. Byron-street, Shieldfield 
Stark Margaret, lodgings, 28, Oxford-street 
Stark and Johnson, tailors and drapers, 

80, Grey-street 
Stark Wm. tailor and draper (Stark and 

Johnson) ; ho. 28, Oxford-street 
Stearmen G-eorge, iron founder (K. Wylie 

& Co.) ; ho. 15, Blenheim-street 
Steel Ghas. H. oyster dealer, 7, Shakspeare- 

street; ho. 123, Pilgrim- street 
Stenhouse & Co. merchants, 20, Sandhill 
Stephens John, sup. of police, 95, Pilgrim-st 
Stephens Wm. D. agent, 10, Grey-street ; 

ho. Fawdon-vale 
Stephenson Chas. butcher, 176, New Market ; 

ho. 8, Lawson-street 
Stephenson Chas. gardener, 69, Percy-st 
Stephenson Clement, veterinary surgeon, 

27, Bigg Market 
Stephenson David, plasterer, and grocer and 

flour dealer, 65, Elswick-street 
Stephenson Edward, cabinet maker, Dog-bk 
Stephenson Edwd. hairdresser, Stock-bdg 
Stephenson Ralph, cart proprietor, Sandhill 
Stephenson Elizb. milliner, 19, Prudhoe-st 
Stephenson John, butcher, 169, New Market 

and 71, Percy-street 
Stephenson Michael, shopkpr. St. Lawrence 
Stephenson Robt. prov. dlr. 1, Quay Side; 

ho. Windmill-hill 
Stephenson Eobt. & Co. engineers, South-st 

and Forth-banks 
Stephenson Eobt. engineer (R. Stephenson 

& Co.) ; ho. 35, Gloucester-sq. London 
Stephenson Rbt. ale agent, 107, Pilgrim-st 
Stephenson Tabitha, milliner, 48, West 

Clayton-street 
Stephenson Thos. cabinet maker, 83, Pud- 
ding-chare ; ho. 13, Blenheim-street 
Stephenson Wm. butcher, 177, New Mrkt ; 

ho. Sheriff-hill 
Stephenson Wm. chmst. 29,Buckingham-st 
Stephenson Wm. grocer, 90, Newgate-st ; 

ho. 8, Simpson-street 
Sterling James, butter and egg dealer, 110, 

New Market and 51, Stowell-street 
Sterling Jas. grocer. &c. 51, Stowell-street 
Sterling John, confectioner, Westgate-hill 
Sterling Robt. beerhouse, Darncrook 
Sterhng Thos. cheesemonger, &c. 95, Side ; 

ho. 3, Back George-street 
Steven James, hat manufacturer, 67, Grey- 
street I ho. 40, Northumberland-street 



Stevens Cath. clothes dealer, 24, Side 
Stevenson, Vermehem, & Scott, merchants, 
and agents for the Jarrow Chemical Com- 
pany, and for the Liverpool Royal Insur- 
ance Company, 1, Sandhill 
Stephenson Alex. S.mrchnt. &c. ( Stevenson 
Vermehern & Scott); ho. South Shields 
Stevenson Geo. glass mnfr. Byker-chare, 

Quay-side ; ho. Ponteland-terrace 
Stevenson Isab. register office for servants, 

CoUingwood-street 
Stevenson Robt. S. brewer ; ho. 25, West- 
moreland-street 
StevensonThos. T. clerk. 7, St. Thomas's-st 
Stewart Charles, fireman. Manors 
Stewart Colvin, gentleman, 39, Blackett-st 
Stewart &YouDg, plumbers, &:c. 3,Market-st 
Stewart Geo. draper, 21, Dean-street ; ho. 

83, Blenheim -street 
Stewart Joseph, plumber, &c. (Stewart and 

Young) ; ho. Darncrook 
Stewart James, builder (Gibson&Stewart) ; 

ho. Camden-street 
Stewart John, grocer, 28, East Clayton-st 
Stewai't James, grocer, 12, Buxton-st ; ho. 

York-street, Shieldfield 
Stewart John, painter, 31, Pudding-chare; 

ho. 14, Marlborough-crescent 
Stewart Robert, butcher and cattle dealer, 

24. Marlborough-street 
Stewart Thos. butcher, 170, New Market ; 

ho. Shieldfield 
Stewart Thos. clerk. Sanitary-place 
Stewart Thos. grocer, 61, Newgate-street 
Stewart Thos. eating house, Manor-chare 
Stewart Wm. butcher. Shield-street 
Stewart Wm.grocer,33, Grainger- street; ho. 

Napier-street 
Stewart Wm.hairdresser,41,Head of the Side 
Sticks Jas. agent, 4, Summerhill-place 
Stobart j\Iary, vict. Hexham House Inn^ 

Forth-place 
Stobbart Joseph, grocer, 8, Grainger street; 

ho. East Clayton-street 
Stobbs John, dairyman, 37, Bayley-street 
Stoddart Isabella R. dress maker, 10, Wel- 
lington-street 
Stoddart James, manager of BUnd Asylum, 

50, Northumberland-street 
Stoddart John, whitesmith, 31, Low Friai^-st 
Stoddart Mrs. matron of Bhnd Asylum, 50, 

Northumberland-street 
Stoker John George, solicitor and coroner, 
50, Pilgrim-street; ho. 39, Leazes-terrace 
Stoker Joseph, cowkeeper, Gallow-gate 
Stoker Wilham, cart proprietor, Gallow-gate 
Stokes Henry C, surg. dentist, 51, Blackett-st 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE* 



S99 



Stokoe George & Co. wine merchants, 45, 

Grey-street and Close 
Stokoe Frances Ann, wine merchant (George 

Stokoe & Co.) ; ho. St. James's 
Stokoe George, wine merchant (Geo, Stokoe 
and Co.); ho. 18, Northumberland-street 
Stokoe Mary, vict. Red Lion, St. Lawrence 
Stokoe Thomas S. sail cloth manufacturer 
(J. Eggleston & Co.) ; ho. 8, Eidley-villas 
Stokoe William, builder and architect, 

Argyle-street 
Stonebank Kobert, vict. Blue Bell Inn, 

Byker-hill 
Storey Anthy. shopkeeper, &c. Hedley-place 
Storey Edward, butcher, 161, Pilgrim-street 
Storey Geo. dlr. in sundries, 6, W aterloo-st 
Storey HeDry,dairyman, Nixon's-pl.Percy-st 
Storey James, academy, Byker-hill 
Storey John, academy, 1, St. Mary's-place 
Storey John, commission agent, 14, Sandhill 
Storey John, artist. South-parade 
Storey John Watson, vict. Ouseburn Viaduct 

Inn, Byker-bar 
Storey Joseph, bootmaker, 48, Blandford-st 
Storey Robert, butcher, Spicer-lane, Quay 
Storey Robert, wharfinger, Fenwick's-entry, 
Quay ; ho. Molendine-terrace, Gateshead 
Storey S. provision dealer, Sunderland-st 
Storey William, beer retailer, Byker-bank 
Storey Wm. vict. London Tavern, New-road 
Story Edwd. & Son, brewers, Westmoreland- 
lane, and joiners, 8, Low Friar-street 
Story Edward, builder (E. Story & Son); ho. 

Elswick East-terrace 
Story George, vict. Princess Royal Inn, 

Jesmond-vale 
Story Henry, sohcitor, secretary for the pro- 
tection of trade, and attorney for the pro- 
secution of felons, 32, Market-st; ho. 13, 
St. Thomas's-street 
Story Jonathan, provision dealer, Shield-st 
Story Robert, butcher, 87, New Market; ho. 

18, Elswick-villas 
Story Robert, builder (E, Story & Son) ; ho. 

36, Westmoreland-terrace 
Story Mrs. Sarah 18, Elswick-villas 
Story WiUiam S. pilot, Carlton-street 
Storley George, clerk, Bank of England; ho. 

Grainger-ville, Elswick 
Stott John, cattle and sheep salesman, 85, 

Blenheim-street 
Stott — , ladies boarding and day school, 

South-parade 
Stout E. boarding house, 17, Westgate-st 
Strachan John, ship broker, 33, Broad-chare; 

ho. Union row, Gateshead 
Strachan Thos, Royal Hotel ^ Melbourne-st 



Strafford Mary, hosier, 179, Pilgrim-street 
Straker George, boot maJser, 1, Darncrook 
Strakers & Love, coal owners, 93, Side. 
Straughan James, tailor, 49, Crescent-place 
Stringer Thos. hair dresser. Folly, New-quay 
Strong WilUam, agent, Blandford street 
Strong Wilham, tailor, Carhol-street 
Strother Joseph, confectr. 99, East Clayton- 
street; ho. 2, Diana-street 
Strother Robert, prov. dlr. Spital-tongues 
Stuart Geo. clock maker, 41, Groat Market 
Stuart Mary, grocer, &c. 33, Hill-street 
Stuart Wm. flour dlr. 62, Grainger street j 

ho. 11, Westgate-hill-terrace 
Sturgeon James, confectioner, ISjVfestgate- 

hill-terrace 
Sturley George, bank cashier, Grainger-ville 
Sturrock Geo. bookbinder, &c. 46, Grainger- 

street ; ho. Allinson-place 
Summerbell Jas. shopkeeper, 8, Erick-st 
Summerson William, gentleman, Tyne-st 
Summervill Wm, butcher, 145, New Market ; 

ho. Gateshead 
Surtees V. C. V. wine merchant (Surtees & 

Co.); ho. 7, Saville-place, and Pigdon 
Surtees & Co. wine merchants, 14, Sandhill 
Surtees John, artist, 8, Saville-court 
Surtees John, builder ; ho. 6, Plummer-st 
Sutherland Angus, prov. dlr. St. Anthony's 
Sutherland Arthur Wellington, hair dresser, 

34, Grey- street: ho. 25, Nun-street 
Sutherland Benjamin & Son, bootmakers, 8, 

Northumberland-street 
Sutherland Benjm. bootmaker (B. Suther- 
land & Son) ; ho. 8, Northumberland-st 
Sutherland Daniel, bootmaker (B. Suther- 
land & Son); ho. 8, Northumberland-st 
Sutherland Daniel, vict. High Barley Mow 

Inn, New-road 
Sutherland John, butcher, 8, New Market ; 

ho. Copland-terrace 
Sutherland Joseph, butcher, SummerhiU 
Sutherland Joseph, provision dealer, Wel- 
lington-terrace 
Sutherland Robert, butcher, Churchill-st 
Sutter John & Co. plumbers, brassfouuders, 
gasfitters, and coppersmiths, Low Friar-st 
SutterJohn, brass founder. Sec. (John Sutter 

& Co.); ho. 18, Blenheim-street 
Sutton Francis, chemist (Cooke & Sutton) 

ho. 50, Westmoreland-terrace 
Sutton George, vict. Cricketer's Arms Inn^ 

Pandon-deau 
Sutton W. D. bookseller, 22,CoUingwood-st.; 

ho. 96, Blandford-street 
Svendson k Johnson, merchants, and ship- 
brokers, Three Indian King's-com't, Quay 



300 



i)iKiEC'roE-sr of newcistie-l^pok-tyn:^.' 



Svendson S. merchant, &:c. (Svendsou & 

Johnson); ho. Hartlepool 
Swallow Margt. vict. Rising Sun Inn, 55, Qy 
Swan & Burnup, solicitors, 50, Pilgrim-st 
Swan Isab. dealer in Berlin wool(I&JM. J. 

Swan); ho. 6, Northumberland-street 
Swan I. & M. J. Berlin wool repository, 6, 

Northumberland-street 
Swan J. Cameron, insurance agent, 13, 

Northumberland-street 
Swan Mary Jane, dealerin Berlin wool (I. & 

M. J. S.); ho. 6, Northumberland-street 
Swan Kichard, butcher,6 & 38, New Market; 

ho. 44, Eldon-street 
Swan Richd. shipowner. Trinity Chambers, 

Quay ; ho. North Shields 
Swan Riehard, jun, corn factor, 16, Sandhill; 

ho. 64, Eldon-street 
Swan Robert ^Y. coalfitter, 30, Quay ; ho. 

38, Eldon-street 
Swan Walker & Co. chemists, 49, Pilgrim-st 
Swan Wm. butcher, 56, New Market; ho. 13, 

Blackett-street 
SwfiU William Robert, sohcitor (Swan & 

Burnup); ho. Wallsend 
Swan Walker, chemist, &c. (Swan, Walker, 

& Co.); 18, Eldon-street 
Swan Wm. agent, 73, Grey-st. ; ho. Walker 
Swanson Berwick, prov. dlr. 52, Newgate-st 
Swauston John, ship brkr. 45, Cumbrld-row 
Swanston William, shipbroker,47,Quay ; ho. 

11, Summerhill-terrace 
Sweet Ehzabeth, cofFe roaster, &c; Croft 

Stairs ; ho. 4, Albion-place 
Swinbank Thos. agent, 3, Westmoreland-st 
S-winburne R. W. & Co. plate-glass manu- 
facturers, Eorth-banks 
Sword James, draper, 11, Bayley- street 
Sword Maiy, shopkeeper, Buxton-street 

TAIT J. E. school, 16, Sunderland-street 
Tait R. T. clerk, 16, Sunderland-street 
Tallantire Geo. tailor, 21, Oystershell-lane 
Talmadge Arthur H. surg. 63, Northbrlnd-st 
Tarelh A. & Son, opticians, 23, Grey-st 
TareUi Anthy. optician (A. Tarelli & Son); 

ho. Dean-street 
Tarelli Anthy. Matthew, optician (A. TarelU 

& Son); ho. Dean- street 
Taroni Peter, bone-manure manufacturer, 

Stepney ; ho. 7, Cobden-street 
Tate Adam, firestone merchant, Burradon 

ho. 6, Picton-place 
Tate Christopher, builder, 8, Northumbld-ct 
Tate Christopher, hairdresser, Westgate-hl 
Tate Clement, mnkeeTpev,Gloiicester Inn, 12, 

Westgate-st. ; and builder, Villa-place 



Tate Elizab. greengrocer, 226, New Market 
Tate Ehzabeth, provision dealer, Hanover-st 
Tate Harriett, tobacconist, 7, Sandhill 
Tate James, joiner, 9, Albert-terrace 
Tate John, yict. Spital Inn, Neville-street 
Tate i>Iary, school, 95, Blandford-street 
Tate Peter, C.E. (Y. N. &B. Ry); ho. Ord-st 
Taylor Andrew, sailmaker, Byker-chare Qy 
Taylor Ann, provision dealer, 22, George-st 
Taylor Ehzabeth, boarding school, 6, 

Queen's-square 
Taylor Emanuel, shipowner, 53, Leazes-ter 
Taylor Francis, gentleman, 3, Adelaide-ter 
Taylor George, butcher, Yv'est Pitt-street 
Taylor Geo. furniture broker, Adelaide-place 
Taylor George, gentleman, 49, Blackett-st 
Taylor George Gibson, gutta percha depot, 

13, Dean-street ; ho. Shieldfield 
Taylor James, furniture broker, Buxton-st 
Taylor James, gentleman, 9, Ridlej'-place 
Taylor Jas. joiner and -vict. Egypt Cottage 

Inn, New-road 
Taylor John & Co. grocers, 4, Grainger-st 
Taylor John, iron merchant (Bourn &Co.) ; 

ho. 2, Lovaine-place 
Taylor John, brewer. High Eriar-street ; 

ho. St. Thomas's-crescent 
Taylor John, flour dealer, Pandon, 47, 

Sandhill, and 89, Newgate-street ; ho. 6, 

Summerhill-terrace 
Taylor John, gutta percha dlr. 48, Sandhill 
Taylor John, malster, 54, Groat Market 
Taylor John, grocer, 27, Sandhill, and 3, 

Nun-street 
Taj'lor John, grocer (J. Taylor and Co.) ; 

ho. Summerhill-terrace 
Taylor Jos. ragwool manufacturer (Jewitt 

and Taylor) ; ho. Hindaugh-street 
Taylor Joseph, agent, 3, Oxford-street 
Taylor Mark, %-ict. Ship Inn, Stepney-bank 
Taylor Martin, vict. & upholsterer, Aquatic 

House Inn, Gosforth-street 
Taylor Mrs. MaryElzbth.ll,St.Thomas'-st 
Taylor Mary, pro. dealer, 30, Prudhoe-st 
Taylor R. R. butcher, 15, New Mai'ket, and 

21, Westmoreland-street 
Taylor Thomas, bootmaker, Judson-place 
Taylor Thomas, vict. Eldon Arms Inn, 54, 

Blackett-street 
Taylor Thomas, tailor, 53, Blandford-street 
Taylor Thomas (W. C. Marshall and Co.) ; 

ho. Westgate-hiU-terrace 
Taylor Thomas R. butcher, Harle-street 
Taylor William, butcher, Yictoria Market ; 

ho. Canada-street 
Taylor WilUam, butcher, Manors 
Taylor WilHam, fireman, Manors 



DIEECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, 



301 



Taylor Wm. furniture broker, 15, Pilgrini- 

street ; ho. Trafalgar-street 
Taylor Wm. vict. Leazes Tavern, Leazes-rd 
Taylor William, prov. dealer, Hiiide-street 
Taylor Vim. sLipbrkr. Love-lane, Quay side 
Taylor ^N'illiam, v.-ine merchant, 36, High 
. Priar-street, and vict. Lord ColHngwood, 
East Clayton-st; ho. 8, Strawberry-place 
Tajdorson Eobert, coal fitter, &c. Three 

Indian Kings Court 
Tearse Thos. painter & glazier, 8G,Percy-st 
Tearse William, tailor, Fenkle-street 
Teasdale Anthony, gentleman, Lovaine-ter 
Teasdale Cuthbert, gent. 33, Blackett-st 
Teasdale John E. hairdrsr. 43, Grainger- st 
Teasdale T. L. draper, 8, Percy-street 
Teasdale Mary Ann, sem. 106, E. Clayton-st 
Teasdale Nicholas, draper, 39, Westgate-st 
Teasdale John, cooper, 37, Bigg Market 
Teasdale Eobert, draper, 41, Westgate-st 
Teasdale Thomas, shoemaker, 1, Hedley-st 
Teasdale Thomas, tailor and draper, 106, 

East Clayton street 
Teasdale Wm. vict. Bun Cow Inn, Grin ding- 
chare 
Teasdale William, fishmonger, 37, CoUing- 

v7ood-street, and 38, Grainger-street 
Tebbutt Thomas, bootmaker, 79, West 
Clayton-st and 75, Grey-st; ho. Kings- 
well-street, Northampton 
Telfer Adam, grocer, general provision 

dealer and poulterer, Westgate 
Telfer Adam fsuccessortoBrown&Booker), 
fruit and potatoe salesman, and commis- 
sion agent, 19, Nun-street 
Telfer Ellen C. dressmaker, Camden-street 
Telfer John, tobacconist, 5, Nun-street 
Telford Mary Isabella, dressmaker, 39, 

Villa-place 
Telford Thomas, brush manufacturer (J. 

Telford and Son) ; ho. John-street 
Telford John & Son, brush manufacturers, 

48, Groat. Market 
Telford John, brush manufacturer (J.. Tel- 
ford & Son) ; ho. 41, Villa-place 
Temperley and Springmann (successors to 
Pteid & Co.), ship and insurance brokers, 
coal fitters, and general commission 
agents, 21, Quay-side 
Temperley J. C. ship and insurance broker, 
&c. (Temperley and Springmann) ; ho. 
Wallsend 
Temperley Mrs. Elizabeth, ElswickEast-ter 
Temperley John, provision merchant, 13, 

Broad-chare, and 40, Groat Market 
Temperley Joseph, corn merchant, 3, Side; 
ho. Ijroomhaugh, Eiding-mill 



Temperley Thomas, innkeeper. Bridge-end 
Temple Henry, prov. dealer, Denton- chare 
Temple Isacc, furniture broker, Dog-bank 
Temple Isaac, stationer, 11, Butcher-bank 
Temple John, grocer, &c. Westgate-hill 
Temple Matthew, Dean-lodge, Elswick 
Tennent Joseph, prov. dealer, Wesley-street 
Terry James, watchmaker, 58, Grey-street 
Thackray Mary Ann, prov. dealer, Marl- 
borough-street 
The Byker Bottle Company, Byker Bottle 
Works, St. Peter's Quay ; Thomas Cault- 
hard, manager 
Theakers Dorothy, register office for ser- 
vants, 40, Eichmond-street 
Theakston Eobert, railv/ay ticket printer; 

ho. 31, Mansfield-street 
Thew Edward, butcher, 118, New Market; 

ho. 5, Albion-street- 
Thew Edwd. miller. 7, St. Nicholas's-church- 

yard and Lesbury-mills 
Thaw George, leather merchant, 79, Percy- 
street; ho. 5, St. Thomas'-crescenf 
Thew G. P. butcher, 186, New Market; 

ho. Albion-street 
Thev/ Jane, milliner, 3, Market-street 
Thew John, butcher, 125, New Market; 

ho. 10, Brunswick-place 
Thew Mary, lodgings, 20, Leazes-crescent 
Thiedemenn C. E. F. agent, 29, Leazes-ter 
Thirlwell Edwd. butcher, 136, New Market ; 

ho. Pligh Friar-lane 
Thirlway Eobert, agent, Hewgill -terrace 
Thirlwall Peter, furniture broker, Pilgrim-st 
Thirlwell William, grocer, Buckingham-st 
Thirlwell John, vict. Bell's Arms Inn, 5, 

High Friar-street 
Thorn Isabella, milliner, 30, Grainger-st 
Thomas Josiah,agentforDr.Coffin,Hinde-st 
Thomas Eichard, vict. Fox and Lamb Inn, 

162, Pilgrim-street 
Thomas Wm. billiard rooms, 2, Market-st 
Thompson Mrs. Alice, 19, Eldon-place 
Thompson Andrew, furniture broker, 4, 

Pilgrim -street 
Thompson Mrs. Ann, 17, Eldon-place 
Thompson Ann, staymaker, 12, Northum- 
berland-street 
Thompson & Co. merchants, 14, Broad-chare 
Thompson E. P. shipbrkr, 8, Lovaine-crsut 
Thompson Ehzabeth, innkeeper, 61, West 

Clayton-street 
Thompson Mrs. Ellen, dressmaker, Port- 
land-place, New Bridge-street 
Thompson Miss Ellen, St. James's-street 
Thompson Eliza Biu'ton, provision dealer, 
81, Shield-street 



303 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, 



Thompson George, grocer, 25, Gibson-st 
Thompson Geo. merchant, 2, Bridge- end; 

ho. 10, Brandhng-place 
Thompson Geo. shipowner, 4, Carlton-place 
Thompson Miss Hannah, 33, Northumber- 
land-street 
Thompson Henry, professor of music, 6, 

Heaton-terrace 
Thompson Jas. butcher, 24, High Bridge 
Thompson James, clerk, Napier-street 
Thompson Jas. agent, 28, Mosley-street 
Thompson Jas. bill distributor, Low Bridge 
Thompson Jas. brush manufacturer, 61, 

Head of the Side 
Thompson Jas. inland revenue officer, 4, 

Jesmond-teiTace 
Thompson Jas. tailor, 29, Blackett-street ; 

ho. (j. Temperance-row 
Thompson Jas. tailor, 20, Blackett-street ; 

ho. 30, John-street 
Thompson James, ironmonger (Barker & 

Thompson); ho. Wilkie-street 
Thompson Jas. & Wm. butchers, Plummer's 

Eow, St. Lawrence, & 16, Hinde-street 
Thompson Mr. John, 84, Blandford-street 
Thompson John, vict. Plough Inn, 6, Pitt-st 
Thompson John, vict. Cookson'sArms, Han- 
over-street 
Thomson Jno.furnitirrebrkr. 167, Pilgrim-st 
Thompson John, bootmaker, 10, Sunderld.-st 
Thompson John, boot & shoe dealer, 12, 

Mosley-st ; ho. 22, East Elswick-terrace 
Thompson John, prov. dealer, 54, Gibson-st 
Thompson John, hairdresser, Arcade ; ho. 

22, Upper Buxton-street 
Thompson John, m, mariner, 29, Howard-st 
Thompson John, pawnbrkr. 18, Prudhoe-st 
Thompson John Jas. provis. dlr. Byker-bar 
Thompson John, upholsterer, Portland pi. 

New Bridge-street 
Thompson Joseph, draper, 4, Plummer-st 
Thompson Margt. hosier, Elswick-laue 
Thompson Mark & Co. shipchdlrs. 57, Quay 
Tliompson Mark, shipchandler, (M. Thom- 
son & Co.); ho. 32, Cumberland-row 
Thompson Mary, hosier, Elswick-lane 
Thompson Mrs. Mary, 20, John-street 
Thompson Matthew, brewer, (T. & M. 

Thompson); ho. Byker-bar 
Thompson Matthew, architect. Arcade ; ho. 

John's-place, Gateshead 
Thompson Matthew, flint grinder, Ouseburn 
Thompson Ealph, 9, Percy-street 
Thompson Ralph, watchmaker, Arcade; ho 

North-terrace 
Thompson Richard, cabinet mkr. 123, Pil- 
grim-street 



Thompson Richd. flour dh\ 39, Butcher-bk 
Thompson Richard, gentleman, 2, Shield-st 
Thompson Richard, wharfiinger, Plummer's 

Green 
Thompson Robt. bootmaker, 6, Sandhill; 

ho. 10, Claremont-place, Gateshead 
Thompson Robt. butcher, 10, New Market; 

ho. 36, Blackett-street 
Thompson Robt. prov. dealer, Carliol-placa 
Thompson Susannah, hosier. Pink-lane 
Thompson Stephen, butcher, 7, Spring 
P' Garden-terrace 

Thompson Thos. brewer, (T. & M. Thomp- 
son); ho. High-street, Gateshead 
Thompson Thos. basket dealer, 92, New 

Market ; ho. Friar-street 
Thompson Thos. & Matthew, brewers and 

maltsters. Manor Brewery, Manor-chare 
Thompson Thos. butcher and farmer, 7, 

Spring Garden-terrace 
Thompson Thos. blacksmith, Gallow-gate 
Thompson Thos. stajTnaker, 16, Northum- 
berland-street 
Thompson T. tailor, Pitt street 
Thompson Thomas, cowkeeper, 7, Spring 

Garden-terrace 
Thompson Thomas, vict. Royal Hotel, 32, 

Grainger-street 
Thompson Thos. F. smith, 12, Tindal-st 
Thompson Thomas Y. surgeon, 13, New 

Bridge-street 
Thompson Wm. com. agent. Broad-chare 
Thompson William, gardener, 16, Elswick 

East-terrace 
Thompson Wm. tailor, 13, Prudhoe-street 
Thomson William, agent, 35, Broad-chare; 

ho. Low Friar-street 
Thorburn Andrew, draper (Thorbum and 

EHot) ; ho. 6, Forth-lane 
Thorburn David, draper, 5, Bath-row 
Thorburn & EHot, 6, Forth-lane 
Thorburn John, draper, 10, Albion-street 
Thorraan Joseph, sen. agent, EUison-ter 
Thorman Joseph, iron merchant, 14, Broad- 
chare ; ho. 7, Argyle-place 
Thornton A. dressmaker, Hinde-street West 
Thornton Chaiies John, agent, 1. Elswick 

East-terrace 
Thornton Joseph L. chemist, Gibson -street, 

and 1, Shield-street 
Thornton Richard, butcher, 5, King-street 
Thornton Thomas, provision dealer, 57, St. 

Nicholas's-square; ho. Blenheim-street 
Thornton Wm. Sykes, importer of German 

yeast : John Wright, agent, 2, High-brdg 
Thwaites Eliza, hosier, Shield-street 
Tickle Ann, blouse maker, 110, Pilgrim-st 



DIEECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



303 



Tidy Catherine, seminary, 5, Saville-row 
Tiffin Eoliert, whipmaker, 2, Grainger-st; 

ho. 11, Simpson-street 
Tilly John Mills, fur n.anufacturer, 2, Tem- 
perance-row, Shieldfield 
Tindell Joseph, provision dealer, Gibson-st 
Tinkler Nicholas W. \ict. Colonel Tarlton 

Inn, and watchmaker, Clarence-street 
Tinn Geo. T. surg. dentist, New Bridge-st 
Tinn John & Son, engine builders, &c. 52, 

Close 
Tireman Eev. Luke (Wesley an), Shield- 
field-green 
Todd & Co. bottle manufacturers. Close 
Todd Frederick Swan, bottle manufacturers 

(Todd & Co.); ho. Newbiggin House 
.Todd T. H. hairdresser, 40, Bigg Market 
Todd John, foreman, 10, Percy-street 
Todd Henry, cooper, 51, New Market; ho. 

8, St. John's-lane 
Todd Henry, cooper, Westgate 
Todd John, distiller, Custom House-lane, 

Quay ; ho. Gateshead, Low Fell 
Todd .Jobn, hat manufacturer and furrier, 

51, Groat Market; ho. 3, Burdon-place 
Todd Thomas, butcher, 48, New Market ; 

ho. St. James's-lane 
Todd Thos. James, butcher, St. Anthony's 

and St. Peter's Quay 
Todd Wilham, grocer, St. Anthony's 
Todd William, prov. dealer, 5, Hill-street 
Todd Wm. Robt. bottle manuftr. (Todd & 

Co.); ho. Victoria-terrace 
Todd Geo. clockmaker, 19, Low Friar- st 
Tomhnson Matthew, fruiterer, East Clayton- 
street ; ho. Shakspeare-strect 
Tone John F. land surveyor, 9, Elswick-row 
Toole John, clothes dealer, 12, King-street 
Topham Mrs. Isabella,ll, Westgate-hill-ter 
Topping Thos. ginger beer manufacturer, 
16, Nelson- st. Grainger-st; ho. Leazes-la 
Towers Dickinson, auctioneer, &c. Black 

Bull-yard, High-bridge ; ho. Carliol-st 
Toward Henry, painter, &c. 3, Gibson-st 
Toward John, engineer (W. Toward & Son) ; 

ho. PJchmond-street 
Toward Thos. iron ship builder, St. Peter's 
Toward Wm. & Son, engineers, Ouseburn 
Toward WilHam, engineer (W. Toward and 

Son) ; ho. 5, St.Ann's-row 
Towns Geo. vict. New Bridge Inn, Castle- 
square ; ho. Westgate-hill-terrace 
Towns John, butcher. Manor- chare 
Towns Matthew, butcher, Sandgate 
Towns Robert, eatinghouse, 12, Nun-street 
Towns Thos. vict. Duke of Cambridge Inn, 
Churchill-street and Duke-street 



Townsend Mary, china dealer, 67, Pilgrim-st 
Trewick Joshua & Esther, drapers, 6, Low 

Buxton-street 
Trotter Mrs. Isabella, 54, Eldon-street 
Tucker John, agent, 1, Simpson-street 
Tucker Mr. Robt. 5, Warwick-place 
Tucart John R. animal preserver, 5, Pan- 
don-bank 
Tucart Stephen, slater, tyler, and builder in 

general, 5, Pandon-bank 
Tulip Lancelot, vict. Tiger Inn, Close 
Tulloch Mrs. Ann, New Bridge -street 
Tulloch Benjamin, surgeon, New Bridge-st 
Tulloch Thos. shoemaker, Leazes-road 
Tully Andrew, grocer, Pitt-street 
Tully & Co. merchants and brokers, 33, 

Quayside 
Tully Collingwood, merchant and broker 

(Tully & Co.) ; ho. St. Thomas's-terrace 
Turnbull Edwd. butcher, 31, New Market; 

ho. 10, Carliol-street 
Turnbull Edwd. bootmaker, 4, CoUingwood- 

street ; ho. 48, Pilgrim-street 
Turnbull Geo. agent to Locke, Blackett, & 

Co. St. Anthony's 
Turnbull Gilbert, hairdresser, 31, Westgate 
Turnbull James, whitesmith (Bell & Tm-n- 

bull) ; ho. York-street 
Turnbull Jno. bookseller, 38, Butcher-bank 
Turnbull John, butcher, 75, New Market ; 

ho. Percy-street 
Turnbull Jonathan, tailor, 8, Low Friar-st 
TurnbtiU Mrs. Mary, ], George-street 
Turnbull Richard, saddler, 69, Newgate-st 
Turnbull Robert, baker, 33, Howard-street 
Turnbull Robert, confectioner, 15, Colling- 

wood-street 
Turnbull Robert, painter, 26, Gibson-st 
Turnbull Thos. Wm. law stationer, (Carter 

& Co.); ho. 83, Blandford-street 
Turnbull Wm. law stationer (Carter & Co.); 

ho. 83, Blandford-street 
Turnbull Wm. vict. Black House Inn, 72, 

Pilgrim-street 
Turnbull Wm. 11, Blenheim-street 
Turnbull Wm. butcher, 1 03, New Market ; 

ho. Buckingham-street 
Turnbull William, painter & glazier,Manors; 

ho. 17, Croft-street 
Turnbull William, hatter, 24, Grey-street ; 

ho. 9, Princess-street 
Turnbull & Wood, grocers & wine merchts. 

17, Grainger- street 
Tiu-ner Henry, brick and tile manufacturer, 

and land agent. Low Heaton-haugh 
Turner James, shiphrol^er, Three Indian 

Kings'-court; ho. Gateshead Low Fell 



304 



DIEECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, 



Turner John, agent, 5, Hinde-street 
Turner John, vict. Central Exchange Hotel, 

35, Grey-street 
Turner Margt. vict. BlacTcett Arms Inn, 24, 

Nelson-street 
Turner Reuben, draughtsman, 7, Sumraer- 

bill-place 
Turner Eoht. bookseller, 72, Grey-street; 

ho. High Jesmond-terrace 
Turner Wilham, brewer (Bells, Eobson, & 

Co.); ho. 8, Regent terrace 
Turner Wm. chemist, 2, Westgate, and 1, 

Hinde-street ; ho. 2, Westgate 
Turner William, chemist, 23, Pilgrim-street 

and Westgate 
Turner William, prov. dealer, 21, Blaud- 

ford-street 
Turner Wm. provision dealer, 7, Harle-st 
Turpin Jos. beerhouse, New Pandon-street 
Turton M. A. & E. milliners, 84, Percy-st 
Tweddell James, butcher, 14, New Market; 

ho. Pudding-chare 
Tweddell Joseph, grocer, Szc. 14, Tindal-st 
Tweddell Robert, shopkeeper, Byker Hill 
Tweddell Thomas, brewer, Saville-court ; 

ho. Walker 
Tweddle Mrs. Mary, 31, Leazes-terrace 
Tweddle Mrs. Sarah, 1, Summerhill-ter 
Tweedie Geo. drapers, 7, Albion-street 
Tweedy John, innkeeper, Willia-m IV. Inn, 

Westgate-hill, & builder &c. Swinburn-pl 
Tweedy Joseph, provision dealer, Duke-st 
Tweedy Mary Ann, dealer in sundries, 12, 

Pilgrim-street 
Tweedy T. H. carver &c. 49, Grainger-st 
Tweedy Wm. watch-maker. King-street 
TvNE Maine Collieky OFEicE,39,Quayside 
Tyson John, butcher, 27, Close 
Tyzack John, gentleman, 10, Claremont-pl 

ULLIOTT John, bootmaker, 2, Canada-st 
Unsworth Robert, 'draper, 15, Bayley-street 
Urwin John, earthenware dealer, 52, New 

Market; ho. Wellington-terrace 
Urwin John, vict. Old Duke of Cumberland 

Inn, Queen-street 
Urwin Robert, butcher, 9, Broad-chare and 

63, New Market; ho. 13, Regent-terrace 
Usher George, provision dlr. Hedley-place 
Usher John, butcher, 40, New Market ; ho. 

Gallow-gate 
Usher Lawrence, shoemaker, 9, East Clay- 
ton-street 
Usher Mat. cattle salesman, 7, Edward-st 
Usher Robert, merchant, i:)Oor law auditor 

and colonial broker, Manor-chare ; ho. 

Low Swinburne-place 



Usher John, grocer (Lowes & Usher) ; ho. 
Union-row, Gateshead 

VARDY Wm. hair dresser, 9, Butcher-bank 
Vasey William, grocer and farmer, Byker- 

bar and Coxlodge 
Vazey James, vict. Grapes Inn, 25, Side 
Veitch Joseph, cart proprietor,'jOak's-place, 
Veitch Mary, teacher, St. Andrew's Infant 

School, 14, Percy-street; ho. Park-place 
Vickers Geo. prov. dlr. 45, Crescent-place 
Vickers, Jacob, cart proptr. 13, Albion -place 
Vickers & Son, grocers. 111, Side 
Vickers John, grocer (Vickers & Sou) ; ho. 

27, West-street 
Vickers John, register office for servants, 

18, Collingwood-street 
Vickers Jonathan, grocer (Vickers & Son) ; 

ho. 15, West-parade 
Vickers Matthew, smith, Cottenhara-street 
Vickers WiUiam, joiner and cabinet maker, 

Hedley-street 
Vickers Jonathan, gentleman, 5, Straw- 
berry-place 
Vincent Robt. master mar. 19, Stepney-ter 
Vinycomb Andrew, fm^niture broker, 19 and 

20, Pilgrim-street 
Vipond John, pawnbroker. Queen-street 
Virtue George, publishers, 30, Collinwood- 

street ; James T. Renfrew, agent 

WADDELL Isabella, confect. 22, Westgate 
Wad die Alexander teacher, 14, Elswick-row 
Waddom Thos. ni. mariner, 25, William st 
Wager Peter, 18, Market-street 
Waggott Edwd. bootmaker. Orchard-street 
Wailes George, sohcitoi". Arcade ; ho. 2, 

Ridley-place 
Wailes John, agent. Lower Swinburne-place, 

Westgate-hill 
Wailes Mrs. Margaret, 4, St. Thomas's-streat 
Wailes Thos. prov. dlr. 71, Elswick-place 
V/ailesWm. stained glassworks, Bath-lane 
Waite Sz- Howard, builders and contractors. 

Low Elswick-terrace 
Waite T. M. builder and contractor (Waite 

and Howard) ; ho. 13, Rye-hill 
Wake Isab. stay maker, 40, Butcher-bank 
Wake Mrs. Mary, 4, Stamfordham-place 
Wake Ralph, gentleman, 2, Carlton-terrace 
Wake Thos. prov. dealer, 6, Wellington-st 
Wake William, watch-glass manufacturer, 

24, Groat Market 
AVakinshaw Brothers, iron merchants, 14, 

Broad-chare 
Wakinshaw John, commission agent. Sand- 
hill ; ho. Mary-street 



DIRECTORY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.- 



305 



TVakinsTiaw Wm, iron merchant, (Wakin- 
shaw, Brothers) ; ho. Poplar Cottage, 
Bvker-hill 
"Wakley James, official assignee, Arcade : 

ho. Eklon-square 
Wales Thomas, provision dealer, 50, New- 
gate-street and Gallow-gate 
Walker Edwd. chemist, &c. 70, Grey-street ; 

ho. West-parade 
Walker Elizaheth, pro v. dlr. East-parade 
Walker Geo. architect, 15, West Clayton-st 
Walker George, gentleman, 1, Picton-place 
Walker Henry, manager of Percy Iron 

Works, 82, Percy street 
Walker Mr. James, Kidley-villas 
Walker James, tailor. High Eriar-lane 
Walker John, builder (J. & W. Walker) ; 

ho. 10, Wesley-sU^eet 
Walker John, jun. hoot maker (Walker & 

Son) ; ho. 46, Brandling-place 
Walker John, sen. hoot maker (Walker & 

Son) ; ho. 142, Pilgrim-street 
Walker John, carver & gilder, 46, Grainger- 

street ; ho. Hedley-street 
Walker John, commission agent, New-road 
Walker John, prov- dlr. 170, Pilgrim-street; 

ho. Queen street 
Walker John C. agent, 6, Higham-place 
Walker J. & W. builders. Stepney-lane 
Walker Joseph, currier, 6, Hewgill- terrace 
Walker Michael, wood turner, Orchard-st 
Walker & Sou, boot makers, 142, Pilgrim-st 
Walker Thomas, ship broker, Bm-n Bank 

Quay ; 96, Blenheim-street 
Walker Thos. painter, 31, St. John's lane 
Walker William, builder (J. & W. Walker) ; 

ho. 10, Wesley-street 
Walker William, draper, 4, Blenheim-street 
Walker Wm. H. iron founder andstove grate 
manufacttirer, 88 & 84, Percy-street; ho. 
Jesmond-terrace 
Walkers, Parker, Walker & Co. lead man- 
ufacturers. Low Elswick 
Wallace Jas. bricklayer, 71, W. Clayton-st 
Wallace }la.nna.h,Neiv3Ia7-]{et ifoie/,Nelson- 

street, Grainger-street 
Wallace Jas. & Co. earthenware manufac- 
turers. Forth -banks 
Wallace Jas. earthenware manufacturer, 
(J. Wallace & Co.) ; ho. 44, Cum bid-row 
Wallace & Co. ironmongers, 22, Mosley-st 
Wallace Jas, jun. ironmonger, (Wallace & 

Co.) ; ho. Nelson-street 
Wallace Robt. corporation property sur- 
veyor, Guildhall; ho. 2, St. Thomas's- ter 
Wallace Thos. earthenware manfr. (J. Wal- 
lace & Co.) ; ho. 7, Plummer-street 

U 



Wallace John and Ptobert, millers and com 
merchants, Gallow-gate Steam Mills, 
Gallow-gate 
Wallace Thos. machinist, Westgate 
Wallace Thos. marine store cllr.l 12,Percy-st 
Wallace Wm. greengrocer, 240, New Mrkt 
Wallace Wm. painter, 87, Pilgrim-street 
Wallace James, miller (J. & R. Wallace) ; 

ho. Cramlington 
Wallace John, draper & furrier, 4-5,Grey-st 
Wallace Robert, miller (J. & R. Wallace) ; 

ho. steam mills, Gallow-gate 
Wallace Thos. mangle maker, &c. Westgate 
Wallace Wm. agent, EastHeaton 
Wallis Miss Augusta, 1, Carlton-terrace 
Wallis Robert, bootmaker, 26, East Clay- 
ton-street; ho. l,Ryehill-street 
WalHs Robert, brass founder, 33, Pudding- 
chare ; ho. 6, Elswick terrace 
Wallis Robt. gentleman, 6, Elswick East-ter. 
Walmsley Jas. Johnson, Temperance Hotel, 

33, Mosley-street. 
Walsh John, auctioneer, 44, Grey-street 
Walsh John, Bond Warehouses, 21, Close 
Walters Ralph, agent for the Sun Fire and 
Life office, 8, Pilgrim-street; ho. Salt- 
well, Gateshead 
Walters Robt. land agent, 15, Eldon-square 
Walton Agnes, milliner, 26, Westgate 
Walton Ahce & Maria, confectioners, 27, 

Westgate 
Walton Mrs. EHzabeth, 19, Albion-street 
Walton Mrs. Elizabeth, 49, Northumbld- st 
Walton John, silversmith, Painter-heugh ; 

ho. 8, High Villa-place 
Walton John, butcher, 9, New Market; ho. 

27, Stowell-street 
Walton Lydia, dressmaker, 8, William-street 
Walton Mrs. Margaret. 47, Northumbld-st 
Walton Ralph, paviour, 23, George-street 
Walton Ralph, paviour, 43, George-street 
Walton Robert, bookseller, 1I_, Edward-st 
Walton Thomas, butcher, 2, Diana-street 
Walton Thomas, cork cutter, Drury-lane ; 

ho. Mount-pleasant, Gateshead 
Walton Thomas, tailor, Todd's Nook 
Walton Thos. Laws, agent, 3, Edwardst 
Walworth Chas. provision dlr. Sandyford-ln 
Walworth Job. grocer, 1, Copland-place 
Wanless John, architect, 3, IMansfield st 
Wanless Wm. solicitor, 41, Collingwood-st ; 

ho. 28, AYestmoreland-terrace 
Ward Benjamin, chemist, 45, Newgate-st ; 

ho. East-parade 
Ward Edward, grocer, Fenkle-st; ho. 14, 

Albion -street 
Ward Jane, grocer, etc. 10, Sto well-square 



306 



DIEECTOEY OF KEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Ward John, arocer, 6, Grain ger-street ; lio. 

ho. 20, Eidley Villas 
Ward John, marine-store dealer, C6, Side 
Ward Robert,engraver,lithographer, printer, 

and publisher, 1, Dean-street 
Ward Thos. inland revenue officer, York-st 
Ward Thos. Elliott & Co. tobacco mnfrs. 

6, Union-street 
Wardlaw James, grocer and pro^'ision dlr. 

32, Gibson-street 
Wardlaw James, vict. Bailway Inn, Ridley 

YiUas 
Wardle Ann, lodgings, 59, Leazes'-teiTace 
Wardle John, architect, Chimney Mills 
Y\''ardle John, sen. architect, 42, Market-st; 

ho. Chimney Mills 
Wardle John, tailor, Yine-lane 
Wardle Richard, vict. Blue Bell Inn, Jes- 

mond Yale 
Wardle Robert, bootmaker, 4, Hinde street 
Wardle Tho-^. furniture broker, 4, Hinde-st 
Wardle Wm. carver and gilder, 17, Mosley- 

street; ho. 25, Railway-street 
Wardrobe Jane,earthen ware dlr. Westgate-hl 
Warhara Richard, shipbroker, 32, Quay; ho, 

26, Ridley-place 
Warwick Christr. bootmaker, 17, Nun-st 
Warwick John, agent,43, Westmoreland-ter 

WaSHII^GTON CHEMICAIi Co's. OFFICES, 73, 

Grey- street 
Waterfall Wm. merchant, Javel Group 

Close ; ho. East-parade 
Waters Benj. coalfitter, &c. Three Indian 

Kings-court ; ho. 39, Carliol-street 
Waters Chas. L. bank agt. Hood-st. Grey-st 
Waters Cuthbert, rope manufacturer,Forth- 

banks and 2, Close 
Waters George, merchant (Dinning & Co.); 

ho. 20, Eldon square 
Waters Sophia, cowkeeper, Gallow-gate 
Waters Thomas W. bookbinder (Kelly and 

Waters); ho. Clavering-place 
Waters Henry, cheesemonger, 92, Side 
Waterson William, draper, 15, E. Clayton-st 
Waterson William, planemaker (T. Hall & 

Co.); ho. 10, Pitt-street 
Waterston, Brothers, smiths, Elswick-forge 
Waterston Jas. smith (Waterston Brothers); 

ho. Railway-street 
Waterston Joseph, smith (Waterston 

Brothers) ; ho. 17, Railway-street 
Watkins John, gentleman, 25, Stepney-ter 
Watson Ann, lodging-house, 6, Grainger-st 
Watson Ai'chibald, draper, 18, Market-st 
Watson A. W. boarding & day school, 53, 

Blackett-street 
Watson Geo. prov. dlr. 3, Els wick East-ter 



Watson Elizabeth, eating & lodging-house, 

1, Elswick East-teiTace, Scotswood-road 
Y^atson Harriet, dressmaker, Shield-street 
Y'atson Miss Helen, 59, Eldon-rw Percy -st 
Y^atson Henry, plumber,(tc. 19,High-bii'dge 
Y'ats(3n Henry, broker, 188, Pilgrim-street 
Y'atson James, grocer (Jas. Y''atson &Co.); 

ho. 2, St, Mary's -terrace 
Watson Jacob, livery stables, Westgate-st 
Y'atson Jas. bookseller, New Market; ho. 

Blenheim-street 
Y'atson Jas. & Co. grocers, 18, Market-st 
Y'atson James, shoemaker, EastElswick-ter 
Y''atson Mrs. Jane, 1, St. Thorn as's-crescent 
Y^atson John, agent, 21, William-street 
Y^atson John, greengrocer, 191,NewMarket; 

ho. Carliol-street 
Watson John, vict. Fitters' Cottage Tavern, 

2, Forth-terrace 

Y'atson Jno. Edw. architect, 74, Grey-st ; 

ho. 13, Y'est parade 
Y'atson Jos. solicitor. Arcade, 2, Gresham-pl 
Y'atson Joshua, jun. painter, 63,]Srewgate-st; 

ho. Elysium-lane, Gateshead 
Y'atson Joshua, bootmaker, 26, Edward-st 
Y^atson Mary, vict. Cross Keys Inn, Bur- 
rill's- entry 
Y'atson Michael, sexton, Jesmond Cemetery 
Y'atson JMary Ann, register office for ser- 
vants. Hill-street 
Y'atson Nthnl. R. B. hairdresser, 2, Bland- 
ford- street 
Y^atson Peter,provision dealer, Blandford-st 
Y'atson Robert, vict. Cross Keys Inn, Head 

of the Side 
Watson Robert, shipowner, 10, Nixon-st 
Y^atson Robert, watchmaker, 19, Cloth Mar- 
ket; ho. 13, Cottenham-street 
Watson Ridley, shoemaker, Drury-lane 
Y''atson Robert, grocer, &c. 43, Grey-street; 

ho. 40, Blackett-street 
Y'atson Roger, custom-house officer, 37, 

Blackett-street 
Y'atson Robert, L. coalfitter, commission 
agent, and ship insurance broker, 26, 
Quay side ; ho. 41, Leazes-terrace 
Y'atson Stephen, prov. dlr. 1, Y'ellington-st 
Y'atson Thomas, butcher, Diana-street 
Y^atson Thos. provision deale3% Sandgate 
Watson Thos. P. gunmaker, 26, Prudhoe-st 
Y'atson Thomas S. professor of music, 10, 

Grainger-street 
Y''atson Y'ilh am, grocer (Jas.Y'atson &Co.); 

ho. 2, St. Mary's-terraee 
Y^atson Y'iUiam, agent, 19, High-bridge 
Y^atson Y^m. eating house, 217, New Mar- 
ket : ho. 6, Grainger street 



I>1RE0T0BY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE* 



307 



Watson Wm. lime manufacturer, Cleadon; 

ho. Eveiiill-street 
Watson Wm. grocer, 18, Grain ger-street 
Watson Wm. provision dealer,Carliol-square 
Watson William, bookseller and stationer, 2, 

Marlborough crescent, near the Cattle 

Market 
Watt Henry, vict. Duhe of Argyle Inn, 

Argyle-street 
Watt James, greengrocer, 213, New Market ; 

ho. Howard-street 
Watt John, iiourdealer, 115, Pilgrim-street 
Watt John, provision dealer, and Branch 

Post-offlce, Argyle-street 
Watt Martha, brushmaker, Bird-in-Bush- 

yard. Pilgrim-street 
Yv'att Wm. provision dealer, Gosforth-street 
Watters Henry, cheesemonger, 92, Side ; 

ho. 3, East George-street 
Watts Dav.vrhitingmnfr. St. Peter's-quay ; 

office, 97, Side; ho. 56, Westmoreland-ter 
Watts James, gilder, &c. 18, Percy-street 
Waugh Thos.prov. dealer, 6, Pudding-chare 
Weallens Christopher James, fruiterer, 

bottom of Elswick East-terrace 
Weallens Wm. agent, 11, Els^vick-villas 
Weatherhead George, builder, contractor, 

joiner, cabinet maker, &c. 1 and 2, St. 

Thomas's-street 
Weatherhead Geo. gentleman, 20, John-st 
Weatherley Capt. Jas. Dent, New Bridge- st 
Weaiherly Nicholas, land surveyor ; ho. 16, 

Wellington-terrace 
Weatherson Hnh. dlr. in sunds. 65, Close 
Weatherson John, agent to Messrs. Wyhe 

and Co. Close 
Weatherson Thos.baker,63,Head of theSide 
Weatherson Wm, shokeeper. Stock-bridge 
Webster Edwin, chemist, 17, Newgate-st 
Weddell Dorothy, register office for servants, 

10, Percy-street 
Weddell Geo. H. professor of music, 102, 

Percy-street 
Weddell J. H. sheriff's bailiff, 102, Percy-st 
Weddell Thos. dairyman, 12, Stowell square 
Weddell Thos. poulterer, 18, Nun-street 
Weddle Kobt. butcher, 21, Pilgrim-street; 

ho. Picton -terrace 
Weidner John Frederick, clerk, Central 
, Station ; ho. 6, Tindal-street 
Weir James Anthony, surgeon dentist and 

chemist, 56 and 58, Percy-street 
Weir Jacob, cabinet maker, 89, Nev/gate-st 
Weir Stephen, fishing tackle maker and 

tobacconist, 30, Mosley-sreet 
Weir Wm. portrait painter, 26, E. Clayton-st 
'\Veir Wm. boot & shoemaker, 3, Grey-st 



Weir Wm. bootmaker, 21, Bigg Market 
Weir William, leather seller, &c. 21 & 22, 

New-buildings, Nun's-gate 
Welch Mrs. AHce, 19, Elswick, East-terrace 
Welch • — vict. Sun Inn, 79, Side 
Welch Henry, C.E. and county-bridge sur- 
veyor, 2, Summerhill-grove 
AVelford & Peraberton, solicitors, 16, West 

Clayton-street 
AVelford Edw. Da\'ison, solicitor, 27, Market- 
street ; ho. 3, Mulgrave-ter. Gateshead 
Welford Fred, shipowner, 37, Quayside ; ho. 

63, High-street, Gateshead 
Welford Thos. Wm. solicitor (Welford & 

Pemberton); ho. 28, Brandling-place 
Welford Wm. brewer. Burn-bank, Quay ; 

ho. 1, Pudley-villas 
Welford William Henry, ironmonger, 37, 

Mosley-st ; ho. 13, Elswick West-terrace 
Wells Miss Jane, 7, St. Thomas's-terrace 
Wells Oliver, eating house, 26, St.Nicholas's- 

church-yard 
Y/ells Thomas, builder, St. Peter's Quay 
Welton John, builder, 4, Lancaster-street 
West Charles, shipbroker. Quay ; ho. 39, 

Howard- street 
West George, vict. Fox and Laml) Inn, 

161, Pilgrim-street 
West Captain Henty, E.N. Hall Cross 

Cottage, Jesmond 
V/est Joseph, boot & shoemakei", Vfesley-st 
Y/'est Mary Ann, dealer in sundries, 14, 

Y/ellington-street 
West Eobt. John, grocer, 19, Grain ger-st ; 

ho. 7, Lovaine-place 
Westgarth Mrs. Susannah, 6, Percy-street 
Westwick Mary, straw - bonnet maker, 

Bu ckin gham -street 
Wharrier Edv/ard, provision dealer, 52, 

High Bridge 
Wheatley & Slusgrove, coal owners, Benwell 
Wheatley A. B[. brazier &c. Clarence-street 

Park colliery, Benwell, near Newcastle 
Wheatley Matthev^ & Co. iron merchants, 

Stock-bridge 
Wheatley Matthew, iron merchants (M. 

Wheatley & Co.); ho. Shi eldfi eld-green 
Wheatley Parmella, butcher, 44, Quay, and 

at 30, Bridge-street, Gateshead 
Wheatley Eobert, coal owner (Wheatley Sc 

Musgrove); ho. Benwell 
Wheatley W.cart proprietor, 75, Blandford-st 
Wheldon Ellen, butcher, Chiuvhill -street 
Wheldou John, smith, Clarence-street ; ho. 

Eichmoud- street 
Wheldon John, jun. parish clerk of St, 

Ann's, 21, Howgill-terrace 



308 



DIEECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, 



Whellens Mrs. Ann, 10, Edward-st 
Whicbello Eicliard, grocer, 25, Clayton-st ; 
ho. Maiden-walk-street, Scotswood road 
Whinfield Geo. Henry, wholesale grocer 
(E. C. Whinfield & Co.); ho. 1 Shield-st 
Whinfield K. C. & Co. wholesale grocers, 

85-6 Pilgrim-street 
Whinfield John W, wholesale grocer, 22, 
Grainger-street and 2, Westgate; ho. 8, 
Higham-place 
Whinfield Kichard, wholesale grocer, (E. 
C. Whinfield & Co.); 39, Northumber- 
land-street 
Whinfield Wm. Anthony, wholesale grocer 
(E. C. Whinfield & Co.); ho. 3, Albion-pl 
Whinham Elizb. lodgings, Xew Bridge- st 
Whinnem Frances, milliner, Orchard-street 
White Mrs. Catherine, 17, Albion -place 
White Daniel, academy, Green-court 
White David B. M.D. Portland-place, and 
j)atentee of water ballasting ; works, Byker 
White George, livery-stable keeper, New 

Bridge-st ; ho. 26, Northumberland-st 
White Eev. James, York-street 
White John, agent, 4, Hewgill ten-ace 
Wliite Nicholas, clerk, York-street 
White Mrs. M. hosier, haberdasher, fringe 
manufacturer, and sraallware dealer, 11, 
Grey-street ; ho. Hanover-square 
White Eobert, agent, 8, Ciaremont-place 
White Thomas, bootmaker, Yine lane 
White Thomas, excise clerk, Shield-street 
Whitehead Bridget, straw-bonnet maker, 

Wesley-street 
Whitehead John, brankruptcy court mes- 
senger, 13, Hedley-street 
Y\niitehead Thos. butcher, 9, Loav Friar-st 
Whitfield Jane, clothes dlr. 68, Newgate-st 
Whitfield John, beer retailer, George -st 
Whttfield John, clothes dealer, Queen-st 
Whitfield Ann, butcher, 11, New Market ; 

ho. 2, Carliol-street 
Whitlock Margaret, dyer, 77, Side 
Whitnell Thos. watchmaker, Gallow-gate 
Whitworth Adam, earthenware dealer, 

Clarence-street 
Wigham John T. baker, 56, Northumber- 
land-street 
Wicks Fred, marine-store dealer, Peel-st 
Wigham Eichard, joiner, 17, Wesley-street 
Wightman Charles, M.D. 13, Princes-st 
Wightman James, vict. Eailway Hotel, 

Carliol-squai'e 
Wilcke Thos. vict. Commercial Temperance 

Hotel, 55, Grey-street 
Wilde George, hairdresser, 56, Close 
Wilde Thos. confectioner, 1 High-bridge 



Wilkie John, hosier, 26, Dean-street; ho. 

1, Wilkie-street 
Wilkin Bartholomew, tailor, 14, WeUing- 

ton-ten-ace 
Wilkin Charlotte, lodgs. 4, Princess-street 
Wilkin Jas. & Co. iron merchants, 32, Quay 
Wilkin James, iron merchant (J. Wilkin & 

Co.); ho. East-parade 
Wilkin James, shipbroker, 56, Quay; ho, 

Jesmond-place 
Wilkin Thomas, corn-merchant, 1, Close; 

ho. pleasant-row, Gateshead 
Wilkms Mary, lodgings, Wesley-street 
Wilkinson Ann, milliner, 97, Percy-street 
Wilkinson Anthony, bootmaker, Yine-lane 
Wilkinson Christopher, agent, Eyehill-st 
Wilkinson Edward, bootmaker", 1, King st 
Wilkinson EHzab. confctnr, 42, Grainger-st 
Wilkinson George, innkeeper, Locomotive 

Inn, 17, Westmoreland-street, and 57, 

Blenheim-street 
Wilkinson Geo. grocer, 115, Side ; ho. 5, 

Hare-street 
Wilkinson Geo. jun. brewery agent. West- 
gate-hill 
Wilkinson Henry E. ; ho. 78, Eyehill 
Wilkinson Jno. provision dealer, Clarence-st 
Wilkinson John, wholesale linen & woollen 

merchant, 15, Shakspeare-street ; ho. J, 

Albion-place 
Wilkinson Joseph, currier &c. 8, Dog-bank 
Wilkinson Mr. Joseph, Wesley-street 
Wilkinson Jos.W. shipbuilder,St. Anthony's 
Wilkinson Mrs. Mary, 41, Leazes-terrace 
Wilkinson Mr. jMatthew, Spring Garden-In 
Wilkinson Captain Malton, Northmbrlnd-st 
Wilkinson Eobert, baker & flour dealer, 39, 

Groat Market 
Wilkinson Mr. Eobert, John-street 
Wilkinson Eobert, grocer & teadealer, 21|, 

Grainger street ; ho. 2, Hewgill-ten-ace 
Wilkinson Sarah, provision dlr. St. Peter's 
Wilkinson Thomas, temperance missioner, 

14, West Pitt-street 
Wilkinson Thomas, marine store dlr. Foot 

of Westgate-street 
Wilkinson Thos. miller, 2, Westgate-hill-ter 
Wilkinson Thos Etridge,sec. totheSubscrip- 

tion Newsrooms, 48, Sandhill 
Wilkinson Wilham, Victoria Hotel, 79, 

Newgate- street 
Wilkinson Wilham, butcher, Byker-bank 
Wilkinson Wilham B. plasterer & modeller, 

& manfctr. of plaster of Paris cement & 

chimney pieces, &c. 48, Prudhoe -street; 

ho. St. Peter's 
Wilks Christopher, grocer, 34, Gibson-st 



DIRECTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-TJPON'TYNE*- 



309 



Williams John Wm. collector, H. M. C. 5, 

St. jSIaiy's-terrace 
WimamsTho.( Perez &Williams); lio.Eye-hl 
Williams Wm ^Badger, engraver. New-road 
Williamson Da\-id Spencer, pawnbroker, 

7, Rosemary-lane 
Williamson Henry, baker and provision 

dealer, 3, Prudhoe-place 
Williamson P. A.bootmkr, 18,St.John's-lane 
WillJns George, tailor, 3, Mansfield-street 
Willins Rev. William, academy, Carliol-st 
Willis George, register of births and deaths 
for the townships of Westgate, Elswick, 
Benwell, and Fenham, 1, John-street 
Willoughby Michael, town missionary, New 

Bridge-street 
Willoughby Robert, professor of music, 13, 

Northumberland-street 
Willoughby Wm. shoemaker,75,Westgate-st 
Wilson Abraham, pro V, dh\ 59,Nrthuibrld-st 
Wilson Alexander, shipowner, Victoria-ter 
Wilson Andrew, painter, 16, High Friar-st ; 

ho. 12, Wellington-street 
Wilson Ann, vict. Aberdeen Arms Inn, 

Broad-chare 
Wilson Ann, funeral fumshr, 18,Pudding-ch 
Wilson Ann, teacher, 10, Cumberland-row 
Wilson Benjamin, hairdresser, 6, Cloth 

Market ; ho. Steward-place, Gateshead 
Wilson Diana, schoolmistress, Weavers'- 

tower ; ho. 24, Trafalgar-street 
Wilson Edward, beer retailer, Pudding-ch 
Wilson Edward, fruiterer, 16, Side 
Wilson Mrs. Ehzabeth, 45, Northumbrld-st 
Wilson George, agent, 24, Upper Buxton-st 
Wilson George, butcher, 27, New Market ; 

ho. Green-court 
Wilson George, eating house, 48, Quay 
Wilson George A. shipbroker. Three Indian 

Kings-court, Quay ; ho. 1 2, Princess-st 
Wilson Geo. Peat, bookbinder, 92, Side; 

ho. 47, Carliol-street 
Wilson & Gibson, contractors & builders, 

New Bridge-street 
Wnson Geo. hnen warehouse, 79, Pilgrim-st 
Wilson Geo. Gray, teacher of St. Nicholas's 

National School, Castle-garth 
Wilson Heory Vipond, merchant; 29, Sand- 
hill ; ho. Summerhill 
Wilson Isabella, earthenware dealer. New 

Market and Clayton-street 
Wilson James, cashier, at Lambton's Bank, 

52, Dean-street 
Wilson Jas. shipor, Prospect-pl. Shieldfield 
Wilson Jas. & Son, hosiers, 36, Dean-street 
Wilson Jas. hosier (J. Wilson & Son)j ho. 
Hood's-buildings 



Wilson Jane, teacher of St. John's National 
School, Sunderland-street ; ho. 10, Blen- 
heim-street 
Wilson Jeremiah, watch, &o. maker, 19, Side 
Wilson John, dairyman. Back-lane 
Wilson John, hairdresser, 1, Westgate-st 
Wilson Jno. vict. Locomotive Inn, 28, Rail- 
way-street 
Wilson Jno. Charles, vict. Mason's Arms Inn, 

21, East Clayton-street 
Wilson John Heron, agent, 31, Els wick-row 
Wilson Jno. hosier (J. Wilson & Son); ho, 

Cramer's-dyke 
Wilson John, cartwright and joiner, Wilkin- 

son's-buildings. Stepney; ho. 4, Camden- 

street, Shieldfield 
Wilson John, innkeeper. Locomotive Inn^ 

Railway-street 
Wilson Mrs. Martha, Minden-place 
Wilson Mrs. Mary, 3, Regent-terrace 
WOson Mary, pawnbroker, Wall-kuoU 
Wilson Mary, register-oflS.ce for servants, 

Summerhill 
Wilson & Mattinson, drapers, 20, Market- st 
Wilson Michael, clerk, 11, St. James's-st 
Rachael teacher, Weavers' Tower, New 

Bridge-street 
Wilson Ralph & Co. drapers and tailors, 66, 

Grey- street 
Wilson Ralph, draper (R. Wilson & Co. and 

G. Bargate & Co.) ; ho. 2, Victoria-ter 
Wilson Richard, butcher, 21, and eating 

house 35, Groat Market 
Wilson Robert, commission agent, 9, Plum- 

mer-street 
Wilson Robt. corn dealer, 51, Groat Market 
Wilson Robert, draper and tailor, 55, Grey- 
street ; ho.25,Ravensworth-ter.Gatesbead 
Wilson Robert, vict. Eoyal Standard Inn, 

Byker hill 
Wilson Robert, cheesemonger (Robert 

Wilson & Co.) ; ho.8, Ravensworthter 
Wilson Robt. & Co. cheesemongers. Forth 

House, Berwick-street 
Wilson Robt. Andw. tea ct coffee merchant, 

55, Westgate-st; ho. 12, Summerhill-ter 
Wilson Robt. C. agent, Byker-bar 
Wilson Robt. S. agent, 8, Plummer-sti-eet 
Wilson Swinburne, draper (Wilson & Mat- 
tinson) ; ho. 20, Market-street 
Wilson Thos. draper (Angus & Wilson) ; 

ho. Summerhill 
Wilson Thos. contractor & builder (Wilson 

& Gibson) : ho. New Bridge-street 
Wilson Thos. iron manufacturer, l'cc, (Losh, 

Wilson, & Bell) ; ho. Fell House 
Wilson Thos. agent, 15, Shield-sti-eet 



310 



DIKECTTOEY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



Wilson Thos. draper, Greenside 

Wilson Thos. tailor, High- bridge 

Wilson Wm. ii'on manufacturer, ore. (Losh, 

Wilson, &BelI) ; ho. King James's-sti'eet, 

Gateshead 
Wilson Wm. butcher, 118, New Market, and 

Northumberland-street 
Wilson Wm. clerk of All Saints', Traflgr-st 
Wilson Wm. cooper, Homsby's-chare ; ho. 

Butcher-bank 
Wilson Wm. agent, Argyle-place 
Wilson Wm. pawnbroker, 105, Pilgrim-st ; 

ho. 39, Eyehill 
Wilson Wm. plumber, &c. 8, Low Friar-st ; 

ho. 6, Westmoreland-street 
Wilson Wm. shopkeeper, St. Peter's 
Wilson Wm.relieving officer,?, Charlotte-sq 
Wilthew Thos. cart proprietor, 3, Stowell-st 
Winiield John, gentleman,] 2, Wesley.street 
Wingaard Hans & Co. commission mer- 
chants, Three Indian Kings- court 
Win gate E. E. animal preserver, 9. Spring 

Gai'den-teiTace 
Winks Jeremiah, insurance agt. 22, Mrkt-st 
Vv'inn Jas. M. & Co. merchants, Trinity-ch 
Winn Jas. M. merchant (J. M. Winn and 

Co.) ; ho, St. Mary's-place 
IViun Wm. straw plait and bonnet dealer, 

QO, ^^larket-street ; ho. 2, St. Martia's-ct 
Winship Mark, agent, Argjde-sti'eet 
Winship Mrs. Isab. 6, St. Thomas's-street 
Winship Mary pro \nsion dlr. 2, Hedlej'-st 
Winship Eobt, smith and farrier, Byker-bar 
Winship Thos. builder, Gallow-gate 
Winship Thomas, farmer. West Jesmond 
Wir:ship T. vict. George and Dragon Inn, 

Skinner's-burn 
Winship W'm. surgeon, 7, Percy-street 
Winstanley Edwd. prorision dlr. 36, Close 
Winter John, vict. George I. Inn, 10, 

George-street 
Yfinter Walter, rict. Newcastle Tavern, 

35, Butcher-bank 
Winter John, beerhouse, Greenwell-terrace 
Winter Eobt. cooper, 27, Stowell-street 
Winter Thos. K. reporter to the " Courant," 

31, Howard- street 
Wise An di^ew, painter, 51, Northumberland- 
street ; ho. 22, West Pitt-street 
Wise Jas. m. mariner. 15, Howard-street 
Wodson Vv'm. F. agent, 17, St Thonias's-cr 
Wood Alex, grocer (Tm-nbuU & Wood) ; 

ho. 17, West -parade 
Wood Jas. cabinet maker and herbahst, 

Trafalgar-street 
Wood John, commission agent (Alexander 

& Wood) J ho. 19, YUla-place 



Wood John, bill distributor, 64, Newgate-st 

Wood Ealph, clerk, Union-street 

Wood Stephen, boat builder, Tyne-street ; 

ho. Mill- hill 
Wood Wm. agent, Argyle-terrace 
Woodger Edwd. fish curer (T. &E, Wood- 

ger) ; ho. Dunn's Cottage, Elswick-lane 
Woodger John, fish curer, 3, Westgate-st ; 

ho. 6, Spring Garden-terrace 
Woodger Thomas & Edwd. fish curers, 29, 

Westgate-street, and Eegent street 
Woodger Thos. fish curer (T. &E. Woodger); 

ho. 29, Westgate-street 
Woodman Jas. piano-forte tuner, Pradhoe-pl 
Woods John Anthony, timber merchant 

(A. Hood Sz Co.); ho. Lovaine-place 
Woods Wm. iron merchant (M. Wheatley & 

Co.); ho. 19, Eldon-square 
Wooll" ?\Iichael, dentist, 8, Brunswick-place 
Wooller Joseph, com. traveller, 6, Oxford-st 
Woollett Henry, agent, 4, North-terrace 
Worden Thos. bookseller, 16, Nun-street 
Worley Matthew, vict. & builder, Balmoral 

Inn, 25, Arthur's-hill 
Worley William, joiner and cart^Tight, 25, 

Arthur's-hill 
WoHKiNG Taxloes' ASSOCIATION, 4, GraiQ- 

ger-street 
WorreU A. B. Van, artist, 2, St. James's-ter 
Wraith George, ship broker. 36, Tilla-place 
Wrangham Thos. bootmaker, 35, Bayley-st 
Wren William, straw-bonnet warehouse, 20, 

Market-street ; ho. 2, St. Martin's-court 
Wright, Brothers, flint-glass manufactm-ers, 

Newcastle Flint Glass Works, Forth-st. 

and Begent-street 
Wright Elizabeth, furaitm^e, cfce. broker, 19, 

Uni^n-street, and 20, Groat Market; ho. 

21, Leazes-crescent 
Wright Elizab. furniture brkr. 17, Union-st 
Wright Gilbert, flint - glass manufactui'er 

(Wright. Brothers); ho. Yilla-real 
Wright Gilbert, flint-glass manufacturer 

(Wright, Brothers); ho. Villa-real 
Wright & Brown, iroufounders, Eegent-st 
Wright George, ironfounder (Wright & 

Brown); ho. Villa Eeal 
Wright Geo. hairdresser, 53, Newgate-st j 

ho. Eobin son-street, Shieldfield 
Wright Geo. hairdresser, 53, Newgate-st; 

ho. Eobinson-street, Shieldfield 
Wright Eev. Heniw Wildey, incumbent of 

St. John's, 24, Westgate-street 
Wright James, grocer, 22, Vvelhngton-st 
Wi-ight James, tailor, Oak's-place 
Wright John & Co. spirit merchants, 4G, 

High-bridge 



DIEECTOBY OP KEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



311 



Wright Jolin, agent, 2, High-bridge 
■\Yright Jos. prov. dealer, Marlborough-pl 
Wright Margt. poulterer, 45, Pudding-ch 
Wright Miles, turner, 39. and ho. 41, Bigg 

Market 
Wright Peter, wine merchant, 88, Side; 

ho. 17, Albion-street 
Wright Eich. MaiT, btchr. 17, New Market; 

ho. 17, St. James's-street 
Wright Ebt. boot and shoemaker, Minories 
Wright Wm. builder, 26, Westmoreland-st 
Wright Willianij shopkeeper, Byker-bank 
Wrightson Thomas, gentleman, 8, St. 

Mary's-terrace 
Wrightson William, innkeeper, Bath Hotelj 

37, Scotswood-road 
Wroe Jas. beerhouse, 35, Head of the Side 
Wyatt John, bank cashier, Claremont-place, 

Gateshead 
Wylam Colliery Office, 7, Quay-side 
Wylam Mrs. Elizabeth, 12, Yictoria-terrace 
Wylam Ralph & Co. wine and spirit mer- 
chants, 77, Quay, and 5, Sandhill 
Wylam Ralph, wine and spirit merchant 

(R. Wylam & Co.); ho. 21, West-street, 

Gateshead 
Wylam .-Robert, vict. Foresters' Arms Inn, 

1, Wellington-street 
Wylam Wilham, wine and spirit merchant 

(E.Wylam & Co.); ho. 1, Claremont-place, 

Gateshead 
Wylie R. & Co. iron founders, Close-gate 

Foundry, Close 
Wyhe Robt. ironfounder (R. Wylie & Co.); 

ho. 1, Providence-place 
Wyhe & Ridley, confectnrs, 23, Cloth Mkt 
Wynands W. J. merchant, Three Indian 

Kings-court 

YARDLEY Wm. boot maker, Crescent-pl 
Yellowley Ehzabeth, fruiterer, &c. 29, 

Grainger-street 
Yellowley William, wholesale grocer, 57, 

Pilgrim-street; ho. Corbridge 
YouU John, smith, 74, Northumberland-st ; 

ho. 6, Stowell-street 
YouU William & Robt. slaters, Gallow-gate 
YouU Robert, slater and dairyman, 3, 

Leazes-lane, Gallow-gate 
YouU William, dairyman, 41, Gallow-gate 
Young Alex, grocer, 80, West Clayton-st ; 

ho. 23, Leazes-street 
Young Andrew, draper, 106, Pilgrim-street 
Young Andrew, grocer, 80, West Clayton-st. 
Young C. H. com. merchant, 61, Close; ho. 

7, Ravensworth-terrace 
Young Edward, prov. dlr. 27, Butcher-bank 



Young Edward, M. solicitor, 29, Sandhill 

ho. 7, Eldon-place 
Young Elizabeth, fruiterer, 33, Northumber- 
land-street 
Young George, Neville , Hotel, opposite 

Central Station, Neville-street 1 
Young George, bootmaker, Seam-street 
Young George, vict. Union Vaults Inn, 

Dog-leap-stairs 
Young Jacob, cart proprietor, 26, Sunder- 

land-street 
Young James, baker, Westgate 
Young James Brown, draper, 23,'^East 

Clayton-street 
Young John, proV. dealerj'lOl, Percy-st 
Young John, hatter, 94j Side; ho.^12, 

Hinde-street 
Young John, supervisor inland revenue, 28, 

Melbourne-street 
Young John, provision dealer, 23, Nun-st 
Young John, tobacco and snuff dealer, 134, 

Pilgrim-street 
Young John, provision dealer, St. Peters 
Young Joseph, plumber, &c. (Stewart & 

Young); ho. St. John's-lane 
Young Margaret, miUiner, &e. 5, Blackett-pl 
Young Mrs. Mary, 35, Elswick-row 
Young Mary, clockmaker, &c. 13, Bigg 

Market; ho. Hinde-street 
Young Mary Ann, confectioner, 28, Dean-st 

and 40, Grey-street 
Young Mary, watchmkr. (fee. 13, Bigg Mkt 
Young Matthew, grocer, 23, Westgate 
Young Michael, vict. Lio7i and Lamb Inn, 

4,4^, Newgate-street 
Young Richard, gentleman. Chimney MiUs 
young Richard, merchant ; ho. 4, Elswick 

East- terrace 
Young Robert K. plumber, (fee. (Stewart 

and Young); ho. St. John's-lane 
Young Thomas, draper^ Arcade; ho. 49, 

Leazes-terrace 
Young Thos. prov. dealer, 33, Prudboe-st 
Young William, glass manufacturer (J. G. 

Dodd & Co.); ho. 40, Cumbei'land-row 
Young Wilham, French polisher, 29, Bigg 

Market ; 2, Ridley-court 
YoimgerAdam A. agent, Picton-terrnce 
Younghusbaud Baitholomew, flour dealer, 

112, Pilgrim-street ; ho. 12, Albion-place 
Younghusbaud John, provision dealer, 31, 

Northumberland-street 
Younghusband John, provision dealer, 101, 

Percy-sti'eet 

ZENNER David, analytical chemist, 13, 
Bayley-sti-eet 



CLASSIFICATION 



TRADES, PROFESSIONS, &c. 



Academies and Scliools 

All Saints' Ch arit yS cho ol, 
Station Honss-sqr; Jolin 
Brewis, teacher 

All Saints'Charity School, 
HolyJesusHospital.Manor 
chare; Ann Pescod, teachr 

Armstrong Ann Chalmers 
(preparatory and infant), 
10, West Clayton-st 

Bell & Malcolm, Trafalgar- st 

Beveridge J. Plumber's Hall, 
West-walls 

Briggs Eebecca, 18, Marl- 
"borough-street 

Brown E. & G. 14, West 
Clayton-street 

Bruce Eev.J. C. 80,Percy-st 

Burdis W. 16, Blandford-st 

Byker District School, 
Byker; JohnYoung, master 

CATHOLicScHooLS,Carliol-sq; 
John Kiordan, master, and 
Mary Ann Hodgson, mis- 
tress 

Charlton Mary A. 22, West- 
moreland-street 

Cholera Schools, Eose- 
mary-lane; ThomasSraith, 
master, & Octavia Outhett, 
mistress 

Clarke E. E. 35, Cumber- 
land-row 

Claxton Susannah (boai'd- 
ing), 2j George-sti-eet 



Clergy Jubilee Schools, 
Carhol-sq. ; John Brock- 
bank, master, & Elizabeth 
J. Eeed, mistress 
Colthard Harper, Hanover-st 
Copeland G. 87, Blandford-st 
Corporation School, Friars; 

George Meikle. teacher 
D'Acosta Maria Antoinette, 

49, Howard street 

Deaf & Dujjb Institution, 

Charlotte-square , William 

Neill, head master and 

secretary 

Dixon Elizabeth, 9, Hinde-st 

Ellis Agnes (boarding) 

Higham-place 
Emslie ]Misses, 25, Leazes- 

ten^ace 
FairweatherT. 42, Westgate- 

street 
Garven J. 1 , William-street 
Girls' Jubilee School, 

Croft-street 
Green Mrs. 179. Pilgrim-st 
Greenwell T. 7, Thornton-st 
Grey T. (navigation and nau- 
tical astronomy). Trinity- 
chare 
Grubb Ann, 15, Westmore- 
land-street ' 
Hall Catherine Jane (board- 
ing), 4, Howard-sti^eet 
Hall Grace, 7, Bath-row 
Henderson E. Sallyport-gate 



Henderson Nicholas,Wesley- 

street 
Heslop Sarah, Clavering-pl 
Hewison Dorothy & Esther, 

20, Elswick-row 
Infant School (Orphan 

House), 60, Nrthmbrld st; 

Ann Eobertson, teacher 
Infant School (Sallyport), 

Causey-bank ; J. Lawson, 

mistress 
Infant School (Saint 

Andrew's), 14, Percy-st; 

Mary Yeitch, teacher 
Infant School (St. John's), 

Bath-lane ; Annie EUis, 

mistress 
Jameson J, Elswick-street 
Knowles James, Knowles's 

Academy, 14, William-st. 

Arthur's Hill 
Lax Esther Ehzb. & Margt. 

(boarding), 4, Eidley-villas 
Lax Mary Ann (ladies), 24, 

Shieldfield-green 
Lee E. 19, Northumberlnd-st 
Lilly white Anne, 15,Terrace- 

place 
Loten J. Croft- street 
jNIilne Mary Ann, Wcstgate- 

street 
Noble John (dayc^ boarding), 

Shieldfield-green 
Outhett Margt. (boarding), 

7, Trafalgar-street 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTOET. 



313 



Academies &c.— Continued, 

Peai'son F. & Q. 5, Carliol- 
square 

Peovidence Chapel 
Schools, Westmoreland- 
lane ; E. & Ellen Ander- 
son, teachers 

Pyburn J. 4, Trafalgar-street 

Eagged Schools, 38, Gib- 
son-street; John Morgan, 
master ; Sarah Coulson, 
mistress 

Eeid Isabella, 17, Thomas's- 
sti-eet 

Eobins Mrs. Margaret, Car- 
liol-street 

Eobinson Jane Maria, 17, 
Eyehill 

Eobinson J. House Carpen- 
ters' Tower, Westgate-st 

Eobson Ann, Glasshouse- st. 
St. Peter's 

Eoss Jno. 20, Nelson- street 

Eowley J. 23, Buckingham-st 

EoYAL Grammar School, 
Charlotte-square ; Eev. J. 
Snape, M.A. master 

EoTAL Jubilee School, 
New- road; C. F. Spring- 
man, teacher 

Eutherford Thomas H. Law- 
son-street, Byker-bar 

Scott Jane, 4, Shield-street 

Simpson Mrs. 61, West- 
moreland-terrace 

Smith & Bowness, 52, North- 
umberland-street 

Smith Mary, 7,Wellington-ter 

Spencer Eevd. Wilham, B.A. 
(boarding & day) 7 & 8, 
Clayton-street, West 

Stamp EHzabeth G. 39,West- 
moreland-ten-ace 

St. Andrew's National 
Schools, 14, Percy-st. & 
Eldon-lane; George Gibb 
and Mary Ann Bulloch, 
teachers 

St. Ann's National School, 
New-rd, ; J Stafford, tchr 

St.John'sNationalSchools, 
Sunderland-street; J.Fors- 
ter, master; Jane Wilson, 
mistress 

St. Paul's District School, 
Elswick st; John Jameson, 
teacher 



St. Nicholas's National 
School, Queen-st; G.Grey 
Wilson & Ehzabeth Brock- 
bank, teachers 

St. Thomas's School, Vine- 
lane ; Henry Page, master; 
DorothyAnnCole, mistress 

Storey James, Byker-hill 

Storey J. 1, St. Mary's -place 

Tait J. and E. 16, Simder- 
land-street 

Taylor Elizabeth (boarding). 
6, Queen's.square 

Tate Mary, 95, Blandford- 
street 

Teasdale Mary Ann, 106, E. 
Clayton-street 

Tidy Catherine, 5,Saville-row 

Trinity Church Schools, 
New Bridge-street; J. & 
Mary Noble, teachers 

Trinity House School, 
Trinity -chare; Thos. Grey 
(teacher of navigation, & 
nautical astronomy) 

Union School eor Girls, 
Bath-lane ; Isabella H. 
McKay, mistress 

Unitarian Chapel Schools, 
Hanover sq.; J. Eidgeway 
& Hannah Carr, teachers 

Waddie A. 14, Elswick-row 

Watson E. W. (boarding), 
53, Blackett-street 

White D. 7, Green-court 

WilHns Eev. W. (boarding), 
35, Carliol street 

Wilson Ann, 10, Cumber- 
land-row 

Wilson Diana, Weaver's 
Tower, New Bridge-strest 

Wilson Eachel, New Bridge- 
street 

Accountants 
Allison E. (and arbitrator) 

Eoyal Arcade 
Baker B. 4, Yorke-street 
Guthrie J. 27, Dean-street 
Hogg J. 0. 64, Grey-street 
Hoggins J. Arcade 
Jameson J. 100, Percy-street 
James Jno. W. IVlinden-ter 
Middlemas A. Arcade 
Miller J. 21, Dean-street 
Proctor & Lamb, 17, Arcade 
Shand W. Bank-buildings 
u 2 



Account Book Makers 

Crawford A. E. 12, Dean-st 
Forster & Hara, 26, Side 
Eobinson E. 31 & 32, Side, 
& Postern 

Agents— Commission 

See also Brokers — Shi;p and 
Insurance. 

Alexander & Wood, Grinding- 

chare. Quay-side 
Anderson Peter, 19, Clayton- 
street West 
AndersonWm. colliery, Byker 
Angus T. C. & Co. 9, Close 
Archer E. H. Close 
Ayton I. & Sons, 36, Sandhill 
Benson H. W. Copland-ter. 

Shieldfield 
Bertram C. 71, Quay 
Birkinshaw W. commission, 

38, Broad-chare 
Black J. & Co. 94, Side 
Bradshaw B. C. insurance, 

Fenwick's-entry 
Briggs W. J. Fenwick's-entry 
Brough C. 32, Blackett-street 
Brown Jas. St. Nicholas's-sq 
Brown Jno. H. junr. Eewcas- 

tle- chare 
Burnett Eobert, 26, Quay-side 
Capper W.J. 28, Leazes-ter 
Challoner Ewd. 17, Mosley-st 
Clark W. Arcade 
Clement L. Three Indian 

Kings-court 
Colville J. B. 11, Trafalgar-st 
Cook William, New-road 
Courtenay J. C. 97, Side 
Coxon William, house, 35, 

West Buckingham-st 
Coxwell G. S. 106, Side 
Curiie, Broths.&Co. 117, Side 
Dickinson Wm. 38, Quay-side 
Dodd Thomas, 14, Sandhill 
Drury and Eichardson, 50, 

Dean street 
Dryden J. & Co. 9, Trinity 

Chambers 
Fairbridge William, house, 

80, Newgate-street 
Eraser Alex. 35, Broad-chare 
Fothergill E.T. l.Butcher-bk 
Gilpin H. it Co. 33, Market-st 
Greenwell & Son, Eewcastle- 
chare 



814 



l^lSWCASTLE-tiPON-TYNM'' 



Agents, &0.—Co7iti7itied. 
Grey J. B. & Co. 38, Broad ch 
Hail J. & Co. 11, Quay 
Hall T. 113, Side 
Hansen P. Fenwick's-entry 
Hardcastle & Allason, Arcade 
Han-is Anthony &Co.32,Quay 
Hai-rison A. 13, Arcade 
Haswell S. W. 32, Quay-side 
Heath Thomas &Francis, 42, 
- Sandhill 

Hedley S. 48, Westgate-st 
Heslop C. Drury-lane 
Hewett J. -iTjWestmorelnd-st 
Hills, Edward, 44, Grey-st 
Hillyaid Benjamin, jun. and 

ship broker, 36, Quay-side 
Hodgson J. J. 26, Dean-st 
Hodgson Charles, & general, 

Adrain Head Inn, Elswick- 

lane 
Hogg J. 0. 64, Grey-street 
Hoggins J. Arcade 
HoUenius & Sheardown, 33, 

Quay 
Konevman &Co.Painter-bgh 
Hoyle E. 14, Sandhill 
Humphrey Wilham, Ropers' 

Arms Inn, Nelson-street 

North-shore 
Intlemann, Eose & Co. 32, 

Quay. 
Jobson, Brothers, & Co. 77, 

Quayside 
Jobson and HorsfaU, and 

curriers and leather mer- 
chants, Stowell-street 
Johnstone J. house, Mel- 
bourne-street 
Lambert Eobt. 9, Clayton-st 

^'est 
Lange, Bros. Three Indian 

Kings-court 
Lawrence J. jun. 55, Quay 
Leighton William Brogg, 7, 

Grainger-street 
Loades Wm. Butcher-bank 
JLosh WUson & Bell, 37, 

Quay-side 
Lunn J. 6, Broad-chare 
■Mathwin Thomas, 1, St. 

St. Thomas-square 
McCree T. & A. 75, Quay 
Moss J. 32, Broad-chare 
Middlemass A. Arcade 
Kesham W. 2, Sandhill 
NewbyJ.house,8, Lisle-street 



Gates L 12, Sandhill 
Palmer G. & C. M. 29, Quay 
Parker A. & Co. and steam 

packet, 50, Quay 
Parker J. & Co. 40, Sandhill 
Pattinson & Dunn, 21, Groat 

Market 
Pattinson Thomas, & Co. 

and Australian emigra- 
tion, &c., Three Indian 

Kiugs-couit 
Pearson J. Gallow-gate 
Pentland J. 17, St. John's-ln 
Perez & Williams, shipping, 

43, Sandhill 
Pickersgill & Co. 2, SandhiU 
Plues W. M. 51, Quay 
Potts J. 1, Broad-chai-e 
Bring A. Pallister's-chare 
Proctor Lamb, 17, Ai-cade 
Eeid Thos. 33, Quay-side 
Eennoldson & Farley, 33, 

Quay 
Eichardson Wra. 20, Sandhl 
Scheele W. 71, Quay 
Scott James J. 59, Quay-side 
Selby L. 17, Mosley-street 
Southern Wm. Eewcastlech 
Storey John, 14, Sandhill 
Stuart W. 62, Grainger-st 
Telfer Adam, 19, Nun-st 
Temperley and Springman 

( successors to Eeid & Co. ), 

21, Quay-side 
Thompson &Co.l4,Broad-ch 
ThohipsonYv'. G. 35,Broad-ch 
Towns Thomas, Duke-street 
Turner James, Three Indian 

Kings- court 
Wakinshaw Brothers, 14, 

Broad-chare 
Walker J. New-road 
Walsh J. 17, Mosley-st 
Watson Ebt.L. 26,Quay-side; 

ho. 41, Leazes-terrace 
Young C. H. Close 

Agents— Special 
Anderson^ Mack, mahogany, 

42, Grey-street 
Atkinson E. tea, 4, Saville-rw 
Brockett W. H. & secretary 
to Chamber of Commerce, 
29, Sandhill 
Brown Thos. (to Thos. Flet- 
cher & Co.), 3, Camden - 
street, ShieldHeld 



Bum James, 8, Cottenham-st 

Carins Henry (to Thomas 
and Matthew Thompson, 
brewers. Manor Brewery); 
ho. Pawton Dean-terrace 

Challoner J. S. (British Tele- 
graph Co.), 27, Dean-street 

Cooper J. (Chartered Gas 
Light and Coke Co. Lon- 
don), 33, Quay 

Dickinson William (for St. 
Petersburg Nadejda In- 
surance Company), 38, 
Quay-side 

Donnison Fred. Clavering-pl 

DoubledayT.sec. to coal trade, 
Mosley-street 

Gell George (to theYarmonth 
Steam Co.), New Quay 

Hall John, coal agent. South 
ElswickColliery, near New- 
castle 

Harborn Thos. fto William 
Galloway and Co.), 13, 
Blandfcrd-street 

Harrison A. (Hull Grease and 
Oil Co. and Wintle & Co.), 
13, Arcade 

Hyslop Charles, for the sale 
of Pipe and Potters' Clay, 
Blue Anchor-chare, and 
65, Quay-side 

Lawrence J. jun. (Montrose 
and Newcastle Shipping 
Co.), 55, Quay 

Loades William (to J. M. 
Thorne & Son, Nine Elms 
Brewery, London ; and to 
John and William Hai-vey 
and Co. distillers, York ; 
and also to John & Eobert 
Harvey and Co. distillers, 
Dundas-hill), office. But- 
cher-bank ; ho. YiUa-place, 
Gateshead 

McCulloch D. (Blackie and 
Sons, pubs.), 2, Elswick-ct 

Mures W. L. (Hull and 
Newcastle Steam Naviga- 
tion Co.), 2, Broad-chare 
and Clai'ence-street 

Pattinson Thomas and Co. 
(Australian emigration,itc) 
Three Indian Kings-court 

Pickersgill Geo.(toFullerton 
and Co. publishers), 3i, 
Westgate-street 



GLASSIE'IED DIEECTORt. 



315 



Agents, iio.— Continued. 

Pliimmer B. (the VieiileMon- 
tagueCo'szinc)St. Peter's ; 
office, 7, Quay 

Potts J. emigratn. l,Broad-ch 

Piedshaw Andu". self-generat- 
ing gas lamp, 1, Blenheim- 
street 

Eeufrew James T. (for G. 
Virtue & Co. publishers, 
London and N ew York) ; 
30, Collingwood-street 

Shepherd Ann,for Morrison's 
pills, 20, Carliol-street 

Shorthose J. (Bass Eatdiffe 
and Gretton), Goods Sta- 
tion, Y. N. & B. Eailway 

Sisson G. Hillgate ware- 
houses, 117, Side 

Stevenson, Vermehern, and 
Scott (to the Jarrow 
Chemical Co.), 1, Sahd-hl 

Thomson W. G. Dundee 
traders, 35, Broad-chare 

Weatherson John (to Messrs. 
Wylie & Co.), Close 

Wright John fto V/illiam 
SykesThornton), 28,High- 
bridge 

Agricultural Implement 

Makers 

Gibson & Son, Gallow-gate 

Eichardson & Co. Stowell-st 

Ale and Porter Mereliants 

Berwick A. & Co. 6, Market-st 
Fialay & Scott, 47, Bigg Mkt 
(Gilpin J. & Co. 52, Pilgrim-st 
Hedley Mary, 60 and 61, 

Plead of the Side 
Kirkley J. 4 and 5, Manor- st 
Laing Alex. 5, Market-street 
Miller W. 54, Pilgrim- street 
Eodham T. 21, High Bridge 
Shorthose , John, Trafalgar 

Goods Station 
Stephenson E. 107,Pilgrim-st 
Walker E. 70, Grey-street 

Anchor Manufacturers 

See also Chain and Chain- 
Gahle Manufacturers 

Longridge & Co. Bedhngton 
Iron Works; office, 24, 
Westgate-street 



Shields W. St. Peter's, and 
Eewcastle-chare, Quay 

Animal & Bird Preservers 

Duncan E. St. Andrew's-ct 
Wingate E. E. 9, Spring 
Garden-terrace 

Architects and Surveyors 

See also Land Agents and 

Surveyors 

Austin T. 36, Mosley-street 
Brown W. 76, Grey-street 
Dobson J. New Bridge-street 
Gibson Thos.58, Westgate-st 
Grainger E. 9, W. Clayton -st 
Green J. 64, Grey-street 
Green B. 3, Arcade 
Knowles Wm. 35, Northum- 
berland-street 
Johnson & Knowles, 17,Clay- 

ton-street. West 
Oliver A, Bank Buildings, 

and 17, Hov>^ard-street 
Oliver A. 39, West Clayton-st 
-Oliver T. jun. 80, Grey-st 
Oliver T. sen. 3, Picton-place 
Pi-osser T. 4, Low Swin- 
burne-place 
Spoor Edward (and builder, 

&c.) Hanover-square 
Stokoe W. 3, Argyle-street 
Thompson M. 15,EoyalArcd 
Walker G. 15, W. Clayton-st 
Y/anless J. 3, Mansfieid-st 
Wardle J. 32, Market-street 
Watson J. 74, Grey-street 

Artists 
Marked. * are Portrait Painterg. 

Barker Chas Fiott (& histo- 
rical & portrait painter). 
Brandling-place 
Campbell J. 114, Blenheim-st 
Elliott E. 42, Grey- street 
Harper T. (landscape) 12, 

Brunswick-place 
Hogarth 1. 6, Grainger-street 

* Humble S. 39, Blackett-st 
Knowles W. A. 35, Nor- 
thumberland-street 

LowthinT.63,WestClavton-st 

* M' Donald C. & Co. 2f,Deau- 

street 
Mofisman D. (miuatui'e) 19, 
Blackett-street 



Eamsay J. 40, Blackett-st 
Eichardson H. B. (landscape 

& marine) 50, Blackett-st 
Scott W.B. School of Design, 

Westgate-street 
* Weir W. 26, E. Clayton st 

Asphalte Manufacturers 
James & Co. 8, Grey-street 
Newcastle & Gateshead 

Asphalte Company; office, 

Carliol- square 
Tyne Asphalte Co. 15, 

Grey-street 

Assistant Overseers 
Carins Alexander, for Byker 
Carins Geo. for Heaton 
Dickinson Thos. 42, Els wick- 
street, for Elswick 
Prater Mark, for Jesmond 
Gamsbv George, for West- 
gate ; office,22,WestBland- 
ford- street 
Gibson J. T. 16,St Nicholas's 
chrch-yd. for St. Nicholas's 
Gray Geo. Trafalgar street, 

for All Saints' 
Proctor Michael, Nixon-st. 

for St. Andrew's 
Sibbet Henry,Orchard-street, 

for St. John's 
Sterling Wm. for Benwell 

Auctioneers and Appraisers 
Anderson & Mack, 42, Grey- 
street 
Anderson Peter, 19, Clayton- 
street, West 
Biagburn E. Three Indian 

Kings- court 
Brignall J. A. 1, Sandgate 
Brough C. Blackett-street 
Charleton J. 13, Nrthmbrld-ct 
Clark W. Arcade 
Cook Wilhara, New-road 
Gilpin H. & Co. 33, Mai-ket-st 
Hard castle & Allason,Arcade 
Hoggins J. Arcade 
Jordan J. Nortliumberland-ct 
Pattinson & Dunn, 21, Groat 

Market 
Pentland J. 17, St. John's-ln 
Towers Dickinson, Black 
Bull - yard, High-bridge ; 
ho. 15, Carliol-street 
Walsh J. 44, Grey-sti-eet 



3ie 



l^EWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE 



Bakers 
Marked * are also Flour Dealers 

Adams B, K. Cut-bank 
Allan Andrew, and flour 

dealer, 36, Low Friar-st 
^Armstrong J. 10, Buxton-st 
Atchison Andrew, bread and 
biscuit, 9, Bridge-street, 
Gateshead, & 27, Quay-side 
BainA.F.3, Spring Garden-In 
Bolam G. biscuit, 27, High 

Friar-street 
Brewis Peter, Stockbridge 
Brewis T. Stockbridge 
Blown W. 69, Northumber- 
land-street 
Cameron W. (biscuit) 35,and 

36, Grainger-street 
Carr Ealph, St. Peter's 
Davison John, St, Ann's-st 
Dixon S. 16, High Friar-st 
Dry B. White Swan-yard 
Dry W. 39, Broad-chare 
Fleming W. Leazes-lane 
Forbes K. 8, Nun -street 
Fryer John, bread & biscuit, 
6, Sunderland-street, and 
1, Temple-street 
Green G. 60-61, Blackett-st 
Grieves W. Spring-street 
* Guthrie W. Waterloo-street 
Hay W. D. 18 & 53, Quay 
Hay William, and grocer, 

] 9, Arthur's Hill 
Hunter Jacob, 39, Groat 

Market 
Lockie K. 8, East Clayton-st 
McNeil Wm. (public) St. 

Mary-street, Sandgate 
Millers James, Newgate-st 
PigdonT. W.WestClayton-st 
Eea G. 27, Nun-street 
Robinson J. Milk Market 
Boss Sarah, 33, Terrace-pl 
Scott W. 3, St. Nicholas's- 

church-yard 
Snowball & Allan, 72, Nor- 
thumberland-street 
Turnbull R. 33, Howard-st 
Weatherson T. 63, Head of 

the Side 
Wightman J.T. 59,Pilgrim st 
Wilkinson B. 39, Groat Mkt 
W^ilhamson Henry, Prud- 

hoe-placc 
Young J. Westgate 



Bankers 

Newcastle Branch Bank 
OF England, Grey-street ; 
— Bobt. Anderson, agent 
D. W. Goddard, sub-agent 

NOETHUMBEELANDAND DUR- 
HAM District Company, 
Grey-street, — Jonathan 
Bichardson & W.B.Ogden, 
directors 

Union Banking Company, 
Mosley-st. — Wm. Woods, 
Saml. Parker, and Geo. 
Bargate,directors for New- 
castle 

Commercial Bank, Dean-st. 
— Wm.Walker,J .D.Weatli- 
erly, G. W. Cram, Geo. E. 
Sawyer, and Allan B. 
Bowers, directors 

W.H.Lambton & Co.Dean-st 

SAviNGs'EANKjBoyal Arcade; 
— Open on Saturdays from 
12 to 1, and from 7 to 8 ; 
Geo. Masterton, actuary 

Barometer Makers 
See also Opticians. 

Alcbisio Lewis, 4, Market-st 
Barnasconi F.20,High-bridge 
Mastaglio V. 24, Grainger-st 
Molteni A. 185, Pilgrim-st 
Molteni C. 25, Grainger-st. 

and Collingwood-street 
Tarelli A. & Son, Dean-st 

Barristers 

Bainbridge W.Westmoreland 

House, Westgate-street 
Blackvvell B. B. 1, Spital-pl 
Dunn M. Boyal Arcade 
Ellison C. E. stipendiary 

magistrate, Westgate-st 
Gibson W. S. 5, E. George-st 
Losh James (& judge of the 
County Court of Nrthbrld.), 
11, West Clayton-street 
Mulcaster J. P. 51, West- 
gate-street 

Basket Makers 
Armitage W. (and willow 

merch ant ) M an or-ch are 
Bain T. Painter-heugh 
Burluraux S. (& importer) 

29, Side 



Denton R. 38, Bigg Market 
Gray John B. JBack-lane 
Grey J. 89, New Market 
Harrison J, & H. {& willow 

merchants), 31, Dean-st 
Hanison T. 22, Side 
Harrison W. 20, Nelson-st 
Horsley J. Taylor's-court 
Humble C. 13, Union-street 
BoYAL Victoria Asylum for 
THE Blind, 50, Northum- 
berland-street 
Sayers Christopher, Percy-st 
Thompson T. D. 92, New 

Market 
Todd H. Westgate 
ToddH. 51,NewMai'ket 

Berlin Wool and Fancy 
Repositories 

Corbett J. & Co. 2, Grey-st 
Dixon Kitty, 1, Hood-street 
Engledow L. 39, Grainger-st 
Foss J. H. 93, W. Clayton- 
street 
Stafford Hannah, 65, Grey-st 
Swan Isabella & Mary Jane, 
9, Northumberland-street 
White M. 11, Grey street 

Bill Distributors 
Boag W. Manors 
Goulden J. 42, Groat Market 
Thompson J. Low Bridge 
Wood W. Chambers'-court 

Billiard Boom Keepers 

Angus J. 9, Market-st 
Grant J. 27, Market-street 
Humble C. 9, Shakspeare-st 
Thomas W. 2, Market-st 

Bird Dealers 
Nichol P. 27, Nelson-st 
Bichardson J. Neville-street, 

Spital 
Watson E. Friars 

Blacking Manufacturers 

Forrest Joseph (and ink), 

Orchard-street 
Liddle, T. Stepney 

Blanket Manufacturer 
Hopkinson Bobert, St. Ann's- 
street ; works at BirstaU, 
near Leeds 



(CLASSIFIED DIKECTOEY. 



811 



Block and Mast Makers 
Chicken T. 29, Quay, and at 

Gateshead 
Hutton W. Quay 
Proud J. Close & Ouseburn 

Saw Mills 

Boarding & Lodging Houses 

See also Temperance Hotels. 

Ains worth Mary Ann, 33, 

Grainger-street 
Anderson Hannah, Prospect- 

placo, Arthur's Hill 
Andrews Ann, 2, Leazes-crea 
Angus Margt. 36, Sliield-st 
Atkinson Elizb. -18, Carhol-st 
Aydon Jane & Deborah, 41, 

Blackett-st 
Bainbridge Elizb. 13, West- 
moreland-street 
Barron F. 10, St. John's-ln 
Bell Ann, 40, Blackett-street 
Bell Ann, 9, Cottenham-st 
Bell Maria Jane, 16, St. 

James's-street 
Blakey Mary, 7, Prudhoe-st 
Brown Elizabeth, 23, Sunder- 

land-street 
Brown Martha, Carliol st 
Brown Margt. 38, Blackett-st 
Brown Susannah, 3, Percy-pl 
Burn Jane, 4, Albion-st 
Burn Sarah, 8, Saville-court 
Callender Ann, 8, Bell-street 
Cai-ey EHzb. 33, Market-st 
Charlton Catherine, Elswick 

East-terrace 
Charlton Elizabeth, 8, Sun- 

derland-street 
Corbett Ann, 4, Lisle-street 
Crawford Mrs.—, 26, Nun-st 
Crombie J. 91, W. Clayton-st 
Crow Mary, 4, Leazes-cres 
Curry Elizb. 6, Newgate-st 
Dagg Ehzb. l3,New Bridge-st 
Darhng Mary, 16, Oxford-st 
Davidson Elnr. 7, Forth-ln 
Davison Margt. Camden-st 
Dawson B. 11, George-st 
Dormond R. 3, Angus'-court 
Douglass Elizabeth, Elswick 

East-terrace 
Easton Jane, 6, St. John's-ln 
Elder Mary, East Parade 
Elliott J. 44, Blackett-street 
Ellison G. 3, Lisle-street 



Elliott Sarah, 28, Northum- 
berland-street 
Emmerson J. Morrison-ter 
Eydon J. D. 41, Blackett-st 
Farrish Mary Ann, 31, West- 
gate-street 
Fenwick Isab. 11, Saville-crt 
Gilmore Mary, 18, Leazes-ter 
Gray Kuth, 98, Blandford-st 
Grey Dorothy, 1 1 , Blackett-st 
Grey Hannah, Carliol-street 
Grey Hannah, 1, Duke-st 
Guthrie G. 48, Cumberland- 
row 
Hall C. Northumberland-crt 
Harrison G. 80, Blandford-st 
Harrison Isab. 33, Blackett st 
narrower Ellen, 2, Northum- 
berland-place 
Hay Elizabeth, 44, Carliol-st 
Hedley Jane & Fanny, 11, 

Oxford-street 
Hildreth M. 5, Cottenham-st 
Hindmarsh E. 1, William-st 
Heaviside Mrs. 22, Sunder- 

land-street 
Henderson E. ll,Saville-row 
Hewison Isab. 2, Angas-crt 
Flewitsou H. 13, St. John's-ln 
Hodge Cath. 17, Albion-pl 
Hudspeth Hannah, Shield-st 
Jameson Matilda, 55, Leazes- 

terrace 
Johnson M. P. 19, Villa-pl 
Johnston Mary A. 22, Ed- 
ward-street 
Kirsop Jane, 64, Blandford- st 
Laidler W. 12, St. John's-ln 
Lancaster Sarah, Carliol-st 
Lee Mary, 14, Terrace-place 
Leighton Mary Ann, 56, 

Cumberland-row 
Limpricht Isabella, 81,Bland- 

ford-street 
Mason Margt. 10, Terrace -pi 
Mather Eliz. 39, Carliol-st 
Mather M. 83, Blandford-st 
Maughan Jane, Canada-ter 
Meldrum Elizb. Leazes-road 
Middlemas Jane, 7, Bell-st 
Morallee J. 14, jBrunswick- 

place 
Munro Isab. 10, Blackett-st 
Neale Margt. 16, Percy-st 
Nichols n Mary, 82, Blaud- 

ford-street 
Patterson C. 31, Blackett-st 



Peacock Ann, 9, Shakspere-st 
Eae Isab. 6, St. Mary's-ter 
Richardson Elizabeth, 14, 

Oxford-street 
Richardson Mary, 90, Bland- 
ford-street 
Ridley Ann, 42, Grey-street 
RowellW. 60, Blandford-st 
Ryle Margt. 48, Blackett-st 
Ryott Mary, 2, Brunswick-pl 
Simpson H. 26, Grainger-st 
Slater Misses, 14,Saville-row 
Smith Ann, 14, Carhol street 
Smith Ann, 8, Eldon-square 
Smith Ann, I, Hedley-street 
Smith Elizabeth, 14, St. 

John's-lane 
Smith Elizb. 3, Villa-place 
Snowdon D. 12, Stamford- 
ham-place 
Spark Mrs. 36, Carliol-street 
Stark Margt. 28, Oxford-st 
Stout E. 17, Westgate-street 
Sutherland Misses, 8, Prin- 
cess-street 
TaylorCharlotte, 3, George-st 
Taylor J. 6, Angas-coiu:t 
Taylor Margaret, 2, St. 

Thomas's-crescent 
Taylor Sarah, 24, Oxford-st 
Thew Mary, 20, Leazes-cres 
Thornton Eleanor, 9, North- 
umberland-street 
Thursfield Margaret, St. 

James's-street 
TinweU Margt. 12, Bland- 
ford-street 
Tomlinson H. 3, Elswick-crt 
Tweddle Mary,29, Leazes-ter 
Waitt J. 2, Ravensworth-ter 
Wall Martha, 27, St. John's-ln 
Wardle Ann, 59, Leazes-ter 
Watson Ann, 6, Grainger-st 
Watson EUzabeth, 1 , Elswick 

East-ter. Scotswood-road 
Wilkin Charlotte, 4, Prin- 
cess-street 
Wilkin jMary, Wesley-street 
Winn Ehzb. 9, St. Mai-y's-pl 

Boat Builders 
Clasper H. Beuwell Boat 

House, Low Benwell 
Humphrey William, Rojper's 

Arms Inn, Nelson-street; 

North-shore 
Wood S. Tjne-sU'eet 



n% 



. KE WCASTLE-trFOTT-TYNE: 



Bone Ctittsrs and Manure 

Manufacturers 
ColbeckThos. L. & Co. Scots- 
wood Bone Mill ; office, 
60, Quayside 

Bookbinders 
Marked * are also Paper Rulers. 

Charlton Edw. 46, Pilgrim-st 
Cowan E. 1, Library-place 
Dawson W. H. 16, St. Niclio- 

las's-churcb-yard 
France & Co. 106, Side 
Kaye Wm. 5, Blackett-street 
* Kelly & Waters, 20, Nelson- 
Lambert M. & M. W. 69, 

Grey-street 
*Lee J. 5, St. John's lane 
Loraine Gath. Pilgrim-street 
Moran Wm. 5, Low Friar-st 
*NewlandsT.6], Head of Side 
♦Paradise W. 99, Percy-street 
*Ptobinson E. 31, & 32, Side 
Sanderson F. 11, West Buck- 
ingham-street 
Sang W. 61, Grey-street 
♦Simpson T. & Sons, 15, 

Dean-sti'eet & 2, Side 
*Snowdon Thomas, 10, Bigg 

Market 
*Sturrock G. 46, Grainger-st 
*Wilson G. P. 92, Side 

■ Booksellers and Stationers 

See also Stationers. 

Atkin W. (nautical & chart), 

62, Quay 
Bachus Eichd. 108, Percy-st 
Bagnell Joshua, 5, Nun-st 
Bailey J. 49, W. Clayton- st 
Barkas T. P. 26, Grainger-st 
Barlow J. 28, Grainger-st 
Bell G. 2, Harle street 
Bell W. J. 26, Great Market 
Blackie and Sou ; D. McCul- 

loch, agent, 2, Elswick-crt 
Brennan C. Trafalgar-street 
Brennan H. 40, Grainger-st 
Call J. & S. A. (nautical and 

chart sellers), 45, Quay 
CharltonEdwd.46, Pilgrira-st 
Charnley E. 45, Bigg Market 
Crowther Henderson, 16, 

Nelson-street 

rothers Bob 

grim-street 



CrowtherIsaac,Deuton-chare 
Dent E. 112, Pilgrim-street 
Dodds M. S. (and nautical 
and chart seller), 34, Quay 
Dodsworth F. and W, 33, 

Collingwood-street 
Donkin Eobert, Elswick-lane 
Everatt A. 82, Newgate-st 
Farren J. 8, Mosley -street 
France P. & Co. 8, Side 
Fordyce Wm. 59, Pilgrim-st 
Franklin William Edward 
(and news agent). Central 
Eailway Station, and at the 
other stations of the York, 
Newcastle, and Berwick 
Eailway, and 14, Eoyal 
Arcade 
Fullerton & Co.; G. Pickers- 
gill, agent, ¥/estgate-st 
Gilbert J. Arcade 
Harrison H. New Market 
Horn T 32 and 33, Grey-st 
Johnson W. 16, Stowell-st 
Kaye W. 5, Blackett-street 
Loraine Cath. Pilgrim-street 
Macready G. New Market 
Marston J. 7, Mosley-street 
McKay Eobert, Pink-lane 
Mitford T. 8, Union -street 
Moran Yfm. {& bookbinder) 

5, Low Friar-street 
Murray P. New Market 
Paradise W. 99, Percy-street 
Philipson & Hare, 26, Mos- 
ley-street 
Prinsle A. 17, Wellington-st 
Pringle W.S. 3, Collingwood- 
street 
Eichardson G. B. 38, West 

Clayton-street 
Eobertson J. New Market 
Eobinson Eobert, 116, Pil- 
grim-street 
Eutland G. New Market 
Sang W. 61, Grey -street 
Sharp Jane, 33, Westgate-st 
Sutton W.D. 22,Collingwd.-st 
Tui-nbull J. 38, Butcher-bank 
Turner E. 72, Grey-street 
Virtue G. ; W. James T. Een- 

frew, 30, C oiling wood-st 
Watson J. New Market 
Watson Wm.2,Marlborough- 
crescent, near the Cattle 
Market 
Worden T.je, Nua-stxeet 



Boot and Shoe Dealers 
Clark J. 67, Side 
Dixon S. 63, Grey-street 
Hall W. 9, Blackett-street 
Mclver Mary. 75, Side " 
Milburn J. Side 
Fatten Jane, 78, Side 
Thompson J. 12, Mosley-st 

Boot and Slioe Makers 
Marked thus^ are also Cloggera 
Allen J. 35, Newgate-street 
Armstrong J. 22, West Clay- 
ton-street 
Armstrong T. W^orley-street 
Atkin D. 7 and 14, Castle- 
garth -stairs 
Atkin T. 18 and 19, Castle- 
garth -stairs 
Atkin T. 50, W. Clayton-st 
Atkinson T. 6, Yilla-place 
Atkinson W. Duke-street 
Ai'cher James, YVestgate-hill 
Badger T. 20, Castle-grth-sts 
BalmerAlex. W. Blandford-st 
Barty W. Elswick East-ter 
Bell J. Westgate-hill 
Bell Eobert, White Swan-yd 
Bell W. 9, G allow-gate 
Bianchi C. 25, High-bridge 
Blackett J. New-road 
Blakey J. 87, Side 
Boe W. 59, Y/estgate-street 
Bolam J. 1, Carl ton-street 
Boston E. 22, Northumber- 
land-street 
Bracken D.92, V7. Clayton-st 
Bracken J. 6, YllHam-street 
Brown John Henry, 112, 
Blan dford-street 



Brown Wm. Di 



Sprin< 



Garden-lane, High Pitt-st 
Burgess T. 18,0yster-shell-ln 
Burnip A. 3, Buckinghara-st 
Brownhill J. Buxton-street 
Bruce J. 6, Castle-garth 
Bnglass J. 38, Trafalgar-st 
Barton J. Byker-bank 
Byers Mary, 17, Castle-garth- 
stairs 

CampbellW.52 &58,Dean-st 
Clark J. 86 Side, and 46, 

St. Nicholas's-square 
Clark Jane, 67, Side 
Clark Vi\ 9, Darncrook 
Clarkson Elias, 9, John-st 
Clyde W. Blandford-street 



CLASSIFIED BIEECTORY. 



319 



Boot & Shoe Makers— Oon^/nd!. 

Cohn N. 43, East Clayton-st 
Collinson T. JO, Dean -street 
Cook G. Shield-street 
Cooper C. 21, Pitt-street 
Cooper H. 14, Low Eriar-st 
Cooper J. 1, Market-st 
Coulson E. 5,Marlborough-st 
Cowans J.76,Nortliumbld.-st 
Creig C. J. Forth-st 
Creig G. Castle Garth 
Crewther T. 06, Elswick-st 
Crow J. 30, Terrace-place 
Cuthbertson J. Seam-street 
Darling J. 28, Groat Market 
Darling John, Mansfield-st 
Dixon G. Ousebiirn Bridge^ 
Dixon Saml. 60, Grey-street 
DouglassE. 100,E. Clayton-st 
Dowey J. 52, Grain ger-street 
Duncan E. St. Andrew's-crt. 

Pilgrim -street 
Faire Eobert, 28, Sandhill 
Farsey John (peg), 5, East 

Clayton-street 
Fallow E. 4, Bath-lane 
Fawdon H. & Son,49,Dean-st 
Forster W. 1, Castie-^arth 
Gallon J. Westgate 
Gardner M. 41, ColHngwd.-st 
Gibson G. 3, Castle- garth-strs 
Gibson J. 30, Blackett-st 
Gibson & Son, 103, Side 
Gibson Wm, St. Martin's -crt 
Gilroy I. B. 9, Edward-st 
Glendinning T. New-road 
Goolden Charles, 7, Nun-st 
Graham — , Diana -street 
Graham T. 5, Gallow-gate 
Grey M. 75, W. Clayton-st 
Guthrie M. 76, Westgate-st 
Handysidc G. 11, Dean-st 
Harland Echd.iPandon-bank 
Harle G. 48, Westmland-ter 
Harrison J. 4, Cstle-grth-strs 
Hedley W. 10, Blenheim-st 
Henderson W. 3, Spring-st 
Heppell T. 24, Blackett-st 
Hobson J. Back-lane 
Holmes Andw. Wellington-st 
Holmes J. Bath-terrace 
Holmes T. 6, Gibson-street 
Hopps W. 16, Pandon-bank 
Imrie D. Hanover-st 
Johnson E. Dixon's bldngs 
Johnson T. 5, Newgate-st 
Kelly J. Blandford-st 



Kerr T. 17, Butcher-bank 
Kidd J. Causey-bank 
Knox T. 3, Buckingham-st 
Lambert G. Denton- chare 
Leach J. Brandling Village 
Leach J. 1 6, Percy-street 
Learkman G. St. John's-lane 
Lilley T. East Ballast-hills 
Lodge W. Harle-street 
Low J. M. 22, Grainger- st 
Lowe H. 13, Grainger-st 
Lowthian William, 45, Prud- 

hoe-street 
McAlhster J.EastBallast-hils 
McCaw A. 6, Low Friar-st 
McDonald N. Low-bridge 
McGaw, J. 6, Sunderland-st 
McGee W. 4, Marlborough -st 
McKennaThos. Castle-garth 
McKie John, 3, Pink-iane,or 

^Vest Walls 
*Milburn J. 69, Side, and 55, 

St. Nicholas's-square 
Moffat W. 17, Waterloo-st 
Murray Wm. St. Martin's-ct 
Myers Wm. Liverpool-street 
Naylor T. Spring Garden-ter 
Newmarsh N. 70, Side 
Nicholson W. Boar's Head 

Lm-yard, Westgate 
Nixon T. High Villa-place 
Nugent P. Castle-garth-stairs 
Pape J. Barrack-square 
Park J. 66, Pilgrim-street, & 

West Clayton-street 
Parks H. Blandford-street 
Patrick W. Castle Gaath-sts 
Pearson Lazen by, and tanner 

and currier, 73 & 74, Side 
Pattinson J. Bl andford-street 
Patton Jane, 78, Side 
Potter Wm. Pandon-bank 
*Potts G. 76, Side 
Eaper J. Byker-bar 
Eatcliffe J. Castle Garth-strs 
Eathbone G. 18,LowFriar-st 
*Eelph J. 77, Side 
Eidge J. E. 23, George-street 
Eichardson C. 69, Percy-st 
Eichai'dsonW.Castle-grth-sts 
Eiley J. 10, Hill-street 
Eobinson John 100, Elswick 

East-terrace 
Eobinson J. Mortimer's-crt. 

Newgate-st 
Eobinson J. 10, Upper Bux- 

ton-street 



Eobinson J. 132, Pilgrim st 

Eobson Thos. Wesley-street 
Eobson T. 107, Side 
Eoutledge J. 18, Marlbro'-st 
Eowe E. 84, Side 
Eutherford J. 13, Bucking- 
ham-street 
Eutherford J. 5, Hill-st 
Eutherford J. 72, Side 
Scorfield J. Castle-garth-strs 
Scott James, Tyne-st 
Scott E. 2, Oak's-place 
Selby E Temple-st 
Shield C. Westgate-st 
Shield H. 9, John-st 
Simm Jas. 14, Church-st 
Storey J. 48, Blandford st 
Straker G. 1, Darn crook 
Sutherland B. & Son, 8, 

Northumberland st 
Taylor George Gibson, 79, 

W^est Clayton-st 
Taylor George G. Adelaide-pl 
Taylor J. 1, Castle-garth-strs 
Taylor T. Judson-pl. Eyehill 
Teasdale T. Harie-st 
Tebbutt T. Grey- street and 

Clayton-street 
Thompson J. 10, Sunderld.-st 
Thompson E. 6, Sandhill 
Todd J. 34, High W^esley-st 
TuUoch Thos. Leazes-road 
Turnbull E. 4, Collingwood-st 
Turnbull E. Nixon's-place, 

Percy-street 
Ulliott J. 2, Canada-street 
Usher Laurence, 9, Claytoii- 

street-East 
Waggott E. Orchard-st 
Walker & Son, 142,Pil^rim-st 
Walhs E. 26, Clavton-st 
Vv^ardle E. 4, Hinde-st 
Warwick C. 17, Nun-st 
Watson J. 26, Edward-st 
Watson Eidley, Drury-lane 
W^atson J. Elswick- East-ter 
West Joseph, Wesley-st 
Weir W. 3, Grey-st 
Welton W. 4, Westgate-st 
Welford W'. Stepney-terrace 
White T. Vme-lane 
Wilkinson A. Vine lane 
Wilkinson Edward, King-st 
Willoughby Wra. 75, West- 
gate-street 
Wright Eobert, jNlinories 
Yardley W. 46, Crescent-pl 



3^0 



NEWCASTLE-tJPON-TYNE 



Box, Trunk, & Portmanteau 

Makers 
Brown W. 47, Grainger-st 
Ellenger P. & Co. 38, 
Grainger-street 

Brass Founders & Finishers 

AtkinsonJ.3&4,High Friar-st 
Brittain S. Bird and Bush- 
yard, Pilgrim street 
Christie Jas. & Co. 2, Low 

Friar-street 
Dove G. 2, Northumbld.-st 
EUiott E. and coppersmith, 

Pudding-chare 
ElUs & Henderson, and cop- 
persmiths, Erick-street 
Eraser J Scotch Arms-yard, 

Bigg Market 
Glaholm J. & Son, Manor- ch 
Hawthorn E. & W.Forth-bks 
Ions John, Neville-street 
Jobling C. Lisle -street 
Milbourn W. Hill's-place 
Mills John, and plumber and 
gas fitter, and manufac- 
turer of safety lamps, 5, 
Forth-street 
Murray J. Painter-heugh 
Nicholson G. 13, Manor st 
Plumber B. St.Peter's; office, 

7, Quay 
Sutter John & Co. and plum- 
bers and gas filters, Low 
Friar-street 
Simpson G.76,W.Blandfd.-st 
Stephenson K.& Co. South-st 
Walhs R. 31, Pudding-chare 
Watson H, 19, High-bridge 
Wilson W. Dispensary-lane, 
Low Friar-street 

Brewers, 
Marked * are also Malsters. 

*Angus John, Stag Brewery, 
41, Percy-street 

Aitchison and Co. 19, East 
Clayton-street 

Baker W. G. Dispensary -lane 

Banks J. 29, Side 

Bell M. Bird-in-Bush-yard 

Bells, Eobson, & Co. North- 
shore 

Brown C. Close 

Brown G. 74, Close 

Carr John, Brown Jug Inn, 
Stepney-bank 



Clark J. 1, Painter-heugh 
Cole W. 8, Low Friar-street 
Cooper James Melbourne-st 
Dunn H. Old Market-laoe 
Eltrin.i;ham Wm. Castle-st. 
*Fletcher R. Hanover-square 
Ford C. Milk Market 
Hemsley Thomas, and inn- 
keeper, Green Tree Inn, 
Scotswood-road 
*Hackworth Prud. Cowgate 
Haslam L, 1, Albert-place 
*HornsbyT. 41, Close 
Hunter W. Brewery-bank 
Johnson G. Bjker-bank 
Mackey Lawrence, Arthur's- 
hill; ho.EastClayton-street 
Miher W. Stag Brewery, 

Croft-strest 
McKelvinGavin,Douglas-ter. 

Arthur's-hill 
Moat George T. 67, North- 
umberland- street 

* Naters R. Sandy ford 
Nevison Thos. 26, Pilgrim-st 
Patton R. 10, Marlbro'-cres 
Pearson H. Brewery-bank 
Ritzema R. Shieldfield 
Rowell J. 4, Tyne Bridge-end 
Sanderson J. Sandy ford- lane 
Southern Geo. 95, Percy-st 
Stevenson R. S. 25, West- 
moreland-lane 

Storey E. and Son, West- 
moreland-lane 
Taylor J. High Friar-street 
Teasdale W. Grinding-chare 
Thompson T. & M. Manor 

Brewery, Blanor-chare 
Tweddell T. Saville-court & 
at Walker 

* Welford W. Burn-bank 
Wilkinson G. Westgate-hill 

Bricklayers 

Peacock T. Buxton-street 
Richardson G. Byker-buildgs 
WallaceJ.71,West Clayton-st 

Brick Manufacturers 
Marked * are also Tile Manfrs, 

BarrasS. & Co. 113, Side 
Call R. 42, Northumberld.-st 
Day T. Sandyford-lane 
Finley J. St. Ann's Red 
Barns, and Low Elswick 



Hall John & William, & tile, 
Ballast-hills 

* Harriman W. Carlisle Old 

Station 
Holmes W. H. Scotswood-rd 
Hutchinson I. H. & Co. fire, 

Dent's-hole ; office, 28, 

Quay-side 
Jefferson & Douglas, Todd's» 

nook 
Lister Ralph, and firebrick, 

&c. Scotswood 
Scott W. St. Lawrence 
Spoor Edward, and draining 

tiles, & dealer in cement, 

plasterj&c.Hanover-square 

• Turner H. Low Heaton 

Brokers -Stock and Share 

Angus Silas& Co.24, Dean-st 
Benson J. 16, Market-street 
ChallonerJ. S. 27, Deau-st 
Dickinson T. F. & Co. 24, 

Dean-street 
Drewry & Richardson, 50, 

Dean -street 
Fordyce W. Pilgrim-street 
Honeyman&Co. Painter-hgh 
Kii-npster J. & J. 35, Sandhill 
Robson G. 34, Mosley-street 

Brokers.— Ship & Insurance 

Apenes Andw. Three Indian 

Kings -court 
Barker J. Three Indian Kings- 
court 
Beckwith GeorgeW. and mer- 
chant and ship OAvner, 
Tyne Bridge-end 
Beldon G. jun. 29, Quay 
Bell A. F. 16, Quay 
Blackbird & Hunter, 29, Qy 
Boldemann, Borries, and Co. 

5, Quay 
Brandling W. & Co. 33, Quay 
Bratt R. & Co. 35, Broad-ch 
Briggs W. J. Fenwick-entry 
Brown John H. jun. Rew- 

castle-chare 
Burnett Robert, 26, Quayside 
Caldwell R. 55, Quay 
Carr L. S. 34, Broad-chare 
Charante A. 14, Broad-char 
Clay W. 32, Quay 
Clenientson C. and Co. 23, 

Sandhill 
Cooper John, 33, Quajt 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY. 



321 



Brokers, &,o.~ Continued. 
Coppock H. 33, Quay 
Cowan W. W. 29, Quay 
Day T. and Co. 62, Quay 
Dickinson William, & general 

commission merchant, 88, 

Quay-side ; house, 20jCum- 

berland-row 
Doeg & Skelton, 12, Broad-ch 
Dunn C. W. 76, Quay 
Ewbank M. Three Indian 

Kings-court 
Tell E. & Co. 35, Broad-chare 
Forster and Holmes, Three 
■ Indian Kings'-conrt 
Forster J. Three Indian 

Kings court 
Gray Gr. 51, Quay 
Greenwell & Son, Eewcastle- 

chare 
Grey J. B. & Co. 38, Broad-ch 
Grey W, J. 75, Quay 
Hair J. & Co. 21, Quay 
Hall J. and Co. 11, Quay 
Hamond C. F. 113, Side 
Hansen P. Fenwick's-entry 
Harding Yf. I. Three Indian 

Kings-court 
Harle John and Son, 8, 

Quay-side 
Harrison CaiT and Co. 32, 

Broad-chare 
HasweU S. Yf. 32, Quay 
Heald J. and Co. 37, Quay 
Herring J. 58, Quay 
Hilly ard Benjamin, junr. 

and commission agent, 

&c. 36, Quay-side 
Flodgson G. 21, Quay- side 
Hodgson R. W. 33, Quay 
Hollenius & Sheardown, 33, 

Quay-side 
Hutchinson W. J. Three 

Indian Kings-court 
Hulsenbos, Harrison & Co. 

3-, Broad-chare 
Ingo and Hopper, Three 

Indian Kings-court 
Jackson C. F. 37, Quay 
Jameson E. Plummer's-ch 
Jobling J. 19, Quay 
Jobson Brothers and Co. 77, 

Quay 
Kimpster J. & J. 35, Sandhill 
Lange Brothers, Three In- 
dian Kings-court 
La>Yrence J.- jun. 55, Quay 



Losh, Wilson, & Bell, 37, Qy 
Lotinga S. M. & Co. 62, Quay 
Meier E. 5, Broad-chare 
Middleton J. 14, Quay 
Mork H. P. 62, Quay 
Morrison Wm. 113, Side 
Moss J. 32, Broad-chare 
Nelson H. 32, Quay 
Oley C. Rewcastle-chare 
Ormston J. 58, Quay 
Ormston P. 58, Quay 
Palmer G. & C. M. 29, Quay 
Parker A. & Co. 50, Quay 
Pattinson Thomas & Co. 

and Australian emigration 

agents, &c. Three Indian 

Kings-court 
PickersgiU & Co. 2, Sandhill 
Plues W. M. 51, Quay 
Plummer Matthew & Co. 39, 

Quay-side 
Potts J. 1, Broad-chare 
Eedshaw & Eidley, 15, Quay 
Eeid Thomas, 33, Quay 
EeDoldson & Farley, 33, Quay 
Eidley J. & Son, 34, Quay 
Eussell Eobt. C. 1, Sandhill ; 

ho. Craig Hall 
Saniter Ludwig & Co. 89, 

Broad-chare 
Scott James J. 69, Quayside; 

ho. 27, Eldon-st 
Shield F. & Co. 67, Quay 
Shield J. Son, & Co. Trinity- 
chare 
Smith C. & Son, 1, Broad-ch 
Southern Yf. Eewcastle-ch 
Staniford & ElUott, Broad-ch 
Stevenson A. S. & Co. 1, 

Sandhill 
Strachan J. 33, Broad-chare 
Svensden & Johnson, Three 

Indian Kings-court 
Swanston W. 47, Quay 
Taylorson Ebt. Three Indian 

Kings-court 
Temperley & Springmann 

(successors to Eeid & Co.), 

21, Quayside 
Thomson W, G. 35, Broad-ch 
TuUy & Co. 33, Quayside 
Turner J.Three Indian Kings 

court 
Usher Eobert (colonial), 

Manor-chare 
Waters B. Three Indian 

Kings-com't 



Y^alker T. Burn-bank 

Watson Eobert L. 26, Quay- 
side 

West C. 59, Quay-side 

Wilkin J. 50, Quay 

Yv'ilson G. A. Three Indian 
Kings-court 

Winn J. M. & Co. Trinity-cli 

Wmgard H. & Co. Three 
Indian Kings-court 

Wynands W. J. Three Indian 
Kings-court 

Brusli & Mop Mamifacturers 

and Dealers 
Allan W. 14, Cloth Market 
Cooper E. 84, W. Clayton st 
Foote Wm. 46, Percy-street 
Gregg J. Dean court 
Harrison J. & H. 31, Dean-st 

and High-st. Gateshead 
Harrison T. 22, Side 
Laidlow Eobert & Co. (and 
hair seating'), 48, Pilgrim- 
street, and Clavering-place 
Nicholson W. & E. 22, Pil- 
grim-street 
Eougier J. (hair brush only) , 

10, Grey-street 
Telford J. & Sou, Morrison's 

court. Groat Market 
Thomson J. 61, Head of the 
Side 

Builders 
Alexander Thomas (and con- 
tractor), 10, Copeland-ter 
Shieldfield 
Allon E. Leazes-lane 
Armstrong F. Summerhill 
Armstrong T. 13, Edward-st 
Atkin ^Ym. Oyster-shell Hall 
Atkinson J. C. 1, Neville-pl 
Baker J. 51, Howard-street 
Barker J. Barker-street 
Barnett Heury (and stone 

merchant), 5, Seaham-st 
Bell G. Fenkle-street 
Beattie A. 34, George-street 
Burnup J. 30, Y'. Clayton st 
Burnup Y^ & C. (and timber 
merchants, &c.), Barras- 
bridge 
Call E. 42, Northumberland- 
street, ando3, Percy-street 
Calder J. High Friai'-lane 
Clarke Eobert, Argyle-street 
Grozier F. West Hi'ude-st 



322 



NBWOAlfLJI-UfOJT'TyNip 



Builders— QoiitinuM., 
Curry Robert (and joiner and 
house carpenter, &c.) ; 
Churchill-st ; ho. 1 Ord-st 
Curry Thomas (and joiner, 
&c.); Fleece-ct.Gallow-gate 
Dob son W. Manors 
Dodds J. Bath-terrace 
Dunlop J. Simpson-st 
Dunlop James (and mason), 

25, Simpson-street 
Dunn W. 1, Bath-terrace 
Donkin H. New Bridge-st 
Downs Joshua (and brick- 
layer), 6, Strawberry-place, 
& Leazes-lane, Gallowgate 
Elhott J. 2, Wharncliflf-street 
Elliott T. Elwick's-lane 
Fairbairn R. Sandyford-lane 
Ferguson D. 5, Plummer-st 
Gibson Robert, Churchill 
Cottages, Blenheim-street 
Gibson & Stewart, Green-ct 
GibsonWalter, 17, Cloth Mkt 
Graham Joseph (and joiner, 

&c.); 16, Albion-street 
Grainger Richard, 9, Clayton- 

st. West; ho. No. 5 
Green John, Byker Hill 
Grey J. (representatives of), 

10, Percy-street 
Hall & Son, Hindhaugh-st 
Halliday John (and cabinet- 
maker and joiner), Mul- 
herry Inn, Thornton-street 
Hardy W. Stepney-lane 
Haslam iMkejCrystal Palace 
Hotel, Albert-ter. George- 
^ treat 
Henderson T.Back George- st 
Hogg William, Smiths' Arms 
Inn, Edward=§t. Arthur's 
Hill 
How G. Temple-court, Blen- 
heim-street 
Ivison T. 3, Lancaster-strBet 
Johnson F. Denton's-yard, 

39, Bigg Market 
Kirton J. Sandyford-lane 
Kyle J. D. Blandfor<3-st 
Leighton H. 6, Cottenham-st 
Little M. Hedley-plaee 
Lowry John, Ord-street 
Margison W. High Wesley-st 
Mewburn S. Pandon-dean 
Minnikin T. D. Wesley.st 
Moat Thos, 103,Blaudford.st 



Mitchell W. 27, Villa^place 

Nelles William, Leazes-lane, 

Peroy-sti-eet 
Nixon W. T. Percy-place 
Payne Wm. Mark Thompson, 

Leazes-lane 
Palmer G. Byker-bar 
Peacock Thomas, Argyle-ter 
Place John, St. Anthony's 
Potts T. Middle-st 
Purvis J. Canada-st 
Reed E.B. West Blandford-st 
Reed M. Bath road 
Ridley T. Erjck-st 
Robson R. Carliol-square 
Robson R. Waterloo-st 
Robson AV. Leazes-road 
Robson W. 16, West Pitt-st 
Routledge R. Picton-place 
Sandeison W. 4 1 , Prudhoe-st 
Scott Walter, Cut-bank 
Spoor Edward (& architect, 

&c.); Hanover-square 
Stokoe W. 3, Argyle-street 
Tate Clement, Gloucesterinn, 
12, Westgate-st; workshop, 
Villa-place 
Tweedy J. Swinbm'ne-place, 

Westgate-hill 
Waite & Howard (and con- 
tractors), Low Elswick-ter 
Walker J. & W. Stepney-lane 
Weatherhead Geo. 1 & 2, St. 

Thomas's-st 
Wells Thomas, Glasshouse- 
street, St. Peters 
Wei ton J. 4, J^ancaster-st 
Wilson & Gibson (and con- 
tractors). New Bridge-st 
Wilson R. New road 
Wilson T. Minden.place 
Worley Matthew, Balmoral 

Inn, 25, Arthur's-hill 
Worley William (and joiner), 

25, Arthur's-hill 
Worthy R. Park-place 
Wright W. Westmoreland-st 

Butchers. 
Marked ^ are Pork Butchers. 

Allen 0, Low Swinbume-pl. 
and 111, New Market 

*Almond J. 6, Buckingham- 
street 

*Apentschein H. 101, Percy- 
street 

Appleby W. 130^ Hew M^ket 



Arkley John, 12, Quay-side ; 

ho. 14, Stepney-terrace 
Armstrong Drthy.Ai'thur's-hl 
Armstrong W. "Waterloo-st. & 

4, New Market 
AiTowsmith J. Cut-bank 
Astrop C. J. 78. New Market 
Atkinson Cath. 41, Els-wick 

East-terrace 
Atkinson J. R. 148, New Mkt 
Baines R. Tyne-street 
*Baker J. S. 2, Dean-stre^t, 

and 167, New Market 
Barker G. 5, New Market 
Barron T. 100, New Market 
Bell G. 175, New Market 
Bell John, 7, Buckingham-st 
Blagburn R. 17, Quay 
Blagburn W. 160, New Mkt. 

and Westgate-hill 
Blakley J. Trafalgar-street 
Boyd Robt,18, Hinde-st.West 
Blenkinsop M. 47, Westmore- 
land ter. and 13, New Mkt 
Blenkinsop M. jun. 153, New 

Market 
Blenkinsop W. 138, New Mkt 
Boden S. 27, Bayley-street 
Brankston G. 73, New Mkt 
*Brewis John, 21, Sandhill 
Brown A. 69, New Market 
Brown G. 56, Quay 
Brown I. 127, New Market 
Brown T. 28, New Market 
*Brugger M- 26, Nun-street, 

and 112, New Market 
BuckhamE.14, NewM^feet, 

and Westgate 
Cairns J. Carliol-placq 
Carr M. Red-barns 
Carrick W. use burn -bridge 
Chantler W. Westgate 
Charlton E. 128, New Mkt 
Charlton G. 67, Blackett-st. 

and Byker-bank 
Charlton L. 152, New Market 
Clark R. 179, New Market, 

and 55, Percy-street 
Codling J. 131, New Market 
Cole Robert, Canada-street 
Common T. Manors 
Cook R. East Ballast-hills 
*Cook T. Buxton-street 
Ooxon J. 98, New Market 
Cummings J. 134, New Mkt 
Cummings William, Quse-st ; 

ho, Elwick's-lane 



OMSSIPIEP |>rREGTOBT. 



693 



Butchers-- Con^if^f?. 
Curry G. 29, New Market 
Ciirry W. Spring G-arden-lane 
Curry W. E. 35, New Market, 

and Spring Garden-laye 
Cutter J. 41, New Market 
Dauby B. 8, Biitcber-bank 
Danby J. 62, New Mai^ket 
Dauby M. 30, New ]\Iarket 
Dawson R. 99, New Market 
Dawson W. 132, New Market 
Dickinson J. 80, New Market 
Dickinson J, 155, New Mkt 
Dickinson T. Elswick-street 
Dixon T. Gibson-street and 

Copland-place 
Dixon W. 139, New Market 
Dobson L. 177-8, Pilgrim-st 
Dobson T. A. 16, New Market 
Dobson W. 180, New Market 
Dodds Edward, Byker-bill 
Dodds T. 114, New Market 
Dover C. Ouseburn-bridge 
Dowse G. 114, Percy-street 
Dowse J. Pitt-street 
Dunn W. C. 86, New Market, 

and 10, Westmoreland-st 
Dunn W. C. 19 and 21, 

Westmoreland-street, and 

57, Blenbeim-street 
Emmett W. Elswick 
Fearney E. 1, Albion-street 
Eeltoe J. Abinger-street 
Eeltoe J. F. 43, New Market 
Fenwick G. 162, New Market 
Foggin George, Sandgate 
Foggin Thomas, Sandgate 
Foggin J. 2, Sandgate 
Foggin T. Carlton-street 
Forster G. 27, Percy-street, 

and 172, New Market 
Forster W. T. 22, New Mkt 
Friar Jane, Sandgate 
Glaister G. 70, Northumb-st 
Green ^Vm. Westgate-hill 
Gibbeson J. 6, Postern 
Gibson J. C. Marlborougb-st 

and 44, New Market 
Gibson Thomas, Byker hill 
GoodbumJas.46,Prudhoe-st 
Green W. Westgate-hill 
Green well J. 8, Bucknghm-st 
Gordon John, Hare-street 
- Hall J. 154, New Market 
Hall J. C. 76, New Market 
Harrison Dorothy & G. 150, 
New Mai-ket 



Hastie A, Duke-street 
Hastie A. 6, King-street 
Hawdon G. Hare-street 
Hawksby F. 10, Welhngton- 

street, and 124, New Mkt 
Hawksby G. Abinger-street 
Ha^vksby W. 24, New Market 
Hedley Wilham, 130, Pil- 
grim-street 
Heather J. 68, New Market 
Henderson D. 1, Hill-street 
Hewson W. W. 36, New Mkt 
Hogg G. 187, New Market 
Hogg W. 182, New Market 
*Holmes S. 23, New Market, 

and 45, St. Nioholas's-sq 
Hornsby W. 40, Pudding-ch 
Hutchinson Mary & Isabella, 

79, New Market 
Hutchinson T. 137, New Mkt 
HutchinsonW. 171, New Mkt 
Iveson J. 1, Carr-street 
Jameson J. 10, John-street 
Jameson J. 37, New Market 
Jameson T.144, New Market, 

and B arras-bridge 
Jameson Thos. 53, Percy-st 
Jobling Eobert, 32, West- 
gate-street 
Jobson Eobert, 107, New 

Market 
Jobson E. 106, New Market 
Johnson Ann, 108, New Mkt. 

and 85, Percy-street 
Jopling F. T. 2, King- street, 

and 161, New Market 
Kruse Staats, 46, Bigg Mkt 
Laidler J. 101, New Market 
Lai and Michael Christian, 

New-road 
Lamb H. Sandyford-lane 
Lamb H. 74, New Market 
Lambert A. & J. S. 22, Groat 

Market 
Lawson W. 24, Newgate-st 
Lee J. 34, New Market 
LeeE. 184, New Market 
Lee J.Rewcastle-chare, Quay, 

and 34, New Market 
Luckley G. 173, New Market 
Mackey George, Byker-bar 
Makepeace G. Elswick-lane 
Matthewson W. J. Gosforth- 

street, and Victoria INIarket 
Mills R. 29, High-bridge 
Mitchison E. St. Peter's 
Mitchison Robt. Tyue-street 



Mitchison R. 133, New Mkt 
*Moffett & Son, 45-6, New 

Mkt. and 10, Westgate-st 
Moffett W. 3, New IMarket 
Moore J. 181, New Market 
Mosley T, Butcher-bank 
Murtan E. 54, Newgate-street 
Musgrove T. Dixon's-bldnga 
Newlands J, 2, Gosforth-st. 

and 60, Close 
Nichol J. 49, New Market 
Noble G. 33, New Market 
*Norris H. 73, Newgate-st 
Oliver W. Thornton-street 
Parker E. 151. Nevv Market 
Parker T. 20, Buckingham-st 
Patrick William, Tyne-street 
Patrick W. 147, New Market 
Patterson J. 183, New Mkt 
Patterson J. D. Victoria Mkt 
Patterson E. 146, New Mkt 
Pattison W. 129, New Market 
Pitloh G. Milk Mkt. Sandgate 
Eamage A. 1, New Market, 

and 17, Spring Garden-ter 
Eamsay J. Stock-bridge 
Eamsay Thomas, Groohed 

Billet, Elswick 
Eatcliff T. 120, New Market 
Eatcliff W. 70, New Market 
Eatcliffe G. 166, New Market 
Rennison H. 165, New Mkt. 

and Temple-street 
Eickelton Hanh, 9,Westgate- 

street, and 168, New Mkt 
Robinson J, Sandgate 
Robinson J. 28, Westgate-st. 

and 157, New Market 
Robson G. 39, New Market 
Robson J. Marlborough-st 
Robson J. 163, New Market 
Robson T. Back-row 
Rowley F. 102, New Market 
Rowley E. 1 7 6, Pilgrim street 
Eutherford W. Prudhoe-pl 
Evder G. 20, New Market 
Eyder J. 126, New Market 
Sambidge Wilham, St. An- 
thony's 
Soarth John, St.Peter's, Quay 
Scott Andrew,Mftiden's-walk- 

street, and 117, New Mkt 
Scott E. 77, New Market, and 

Artliur's liill 
Scott J. 67, Now Market 
Scott R. St. Peter's 
Scott W. 7, New Market 



324 



KEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE 



'BvLtchevs— Continued. 

Scott Eobert, St. Anthony's, 

AYalker and Bill Quay 
Simpson J. 26, New Market 
Slater Henry, Gribson-street 
Smith G-. 42, New Market, 

and Gibson-street 
Smith Marv, 164, New Makt 
Southern W. 159, New Makt 
Spraggon E. 121, Nev/ Makt 
Stephenson C. 176, New Mkt 
Stephenson J. 169, New Mkt 

and 71, Percy- street 
Stephenson W.177,New Mkt 
Stewart Eobert (and cattle 

dealer) 24,Marlborough-st 
Stewart T. 170, New Market 
Stewart W. Shield-street 
Storey E. lGl,Pilgrim-st 
Storey E. Spicer-lane, Quay, 

and 87-88, New Market 
Sutherland J. 8, New Mrkt 
Sutherland E. Churchill-st 
Summer^dllY\^ 145, NewMkt 
Swan E. 6 & 38, New Mkt 
Swan W. 56, New Market 
Taylor G. Y\^est Pitt-street 
Taylor E. E. 15, New Mrkt. 

& 21, Westmoreland-st 
Taylor Thomas E, Harle st 
Taylor W. Manors 
Taylor W. Victoria Market 
Thew E. 186, New Markef 
Thew J. 125, New Market 
Thirl well E. 136, New Mrkt 
Thompson James & William 

Plummer's-row, St. Law- 
rence, & 16, Hinde-street, 

Scotswood-road 
Thompson E. 10, New Mrkt 
ThompsonStephen,7, Spring 

Garden-terrace 
Thompson Thos. (cfcfarmer) 

7, Spring Garden-terrace 
Thornton E. 5, Iving-st 
Todd T. 48, New Market 
Todd T. J. St. Peter's and 

St. Anthony's 
Towns J. Manor -chare 
Towns M.MHkMkt.Sandgate 
Turnbtdl E. 31, New Market 
Turnbull J. 75, New Market 
Tyson John, 27, Close 
Urwin E. 63, New Market, 

and Broad-chare 
Usher J. New-road 
Walton J. 9, New Market 



Watson Thos. 2, Diana-st 
Watson Jane, 21, New Mkt 
Weddle E. 21, Pilgrim-st 
Wheatley Pamella, 44, Quay- 
side, & 30, Bridge-street, 
Gateshead 
Wheldon Ellen, Churchill st 
Whitehead T. 9, LowFriar-st 
Whitfield Ann, New Mrkt 
Wilkinson Wm. Byker-bank 
Wilson G. 27, New IMarket 
Wilson E. 21, Groat Market 
Wilson Vi. 118, New Mrkt 
Wright E. M. 17, New Mkt 

Butter and Egg Dealers 

See also Gheeseviongers and 
Bacon Factors. 

Black Mrs. 1, Plummer-st 
Grieves Ann, New Market 
LeightonW.B. 7,Grainger-st 
McSlderry B. 20, Pudding-ch 
Messenger J. 21, H. Friar-st 
Sterling J. 110, New Mrkt. & 

Stowell-street 
Thompson E. Carliol-place, 

and New Mai'ket 

Cabinet Makers and Joiners 
See also Joiners d: Carpenters 

Amry G.Clayton's-ct. Pilg.-st 
Anderson J. 56,Percy-st. and 

Erick-street 
Anderson Wra. 102, Percy- st 
Angus H. 42, W. Clayton st 
Angus J.C.22,Buckingham-st 
Arnot & Smith, 92, Percy-st. 

and Leazes-lane 
Balmer A. 15, Princess-st 
Barker John (and uphols- 
terer) 20, Vine-lane 
Barron A, F. Thornton-street 

and 26, Clayton-street 
Batey J. Close 
Bellerby J. Back George-st 
Bordon Cuth. 13, High Bdg 
Brown J. 18, Low Friar-st 
Cairns J. Croft-street 
Cairns G. 24, Pilgrim-street 
Calder Jas. Fligh Friar-lane 
Carr J. 128, Pilgrim-street 
Carr W. 16, High Friar-st 
Clark G. High Friar-lane 
Clark G. 42, Percy-street 
Clark ^Y. 78, Pilgrim-street 
Codling Wm. Back Hill-st 



Craig F. 58, Groat Market 
Cranston E. 104, Pilgrim-st 
Crawford Vl. Pine Apple Inn, 

47, Westgate 
Crowther David,White Hart- 
yard, Cloth Market 
Davison T. 18, Westmorld. st 
Dobson W. Manors 
Dotchin T. 77, Pilgrim-st 
Doudass G. 14, Cloth Mrkt 
Dryden J. 45, W. Clayton-st 
Douglas Thomas (and fur- 
niture broker) 18, Lower 
Buxton-street 
Dunlop W. 30, PilgT-im-st 
Dunning W.Crownlnn-yard, 

Westgate 
Easton J. Dog-bank 
Edgar J. 180, Piigrim-sfreet 
Farthing J. 31, Blackett-st 
Forster W. 107, Pilgrim-st 
Garbutt W. Bk. St. Janies's-st 
Gibson Jas. High Friar-lane 
Graham J. 16, Albion street 
Graham J. 186, Pilgrim-st 
Hall John, 108, Percy-street 
Hall T. 32, Pilgrim-street 
Halliday John (and builder) 
Mulberry Inn, Thornton-st 
Hardy Andrew, Manors 
Hedley T. 15, Blackett-st 
Henderson E.67,Westgate-st 
Henzell Gabrl. Morrison's ct 
Herron G. Fleece-ct. Galwg 
How Geo. Temple-ct. Blen- 
heim-street ; ho. Villa-pl 
How W. Denton-court, Bigg 

Market 
Hudspeth Jane, 17, Pilg.-st 
Hudspeth Eachel, Dog-bank 
Hunter E. Butcher -bank 
Hunter E.Pilgrim-streetand 

Dog-bank 
Jackson W. 105, Percy-street 
James J. 80, Pilgrim-street 
Jelferson E. Todd's-nook 
Jones E. 14, Albion-street 
Kennedy Wm. Dog bank; 

shop. Wall-knoll 
Kennedy W. Wall Knoll 
Kinnear A. Buckingham-st 
Kinnear A.&Co. 58,BiggMkt 
Langley G. Stock-bridge 
Liddell C. 15,Prudhoe-street 
Martin W. 16, High Friar-st 
ISleek T, 60, Newgate-street 
Milbum J. Eldon-lane 



CLASSIFIED DIKECTOBY. 



395 



Cabinet Makers, ka.^Contlnd. 
Milbum J. 6, Hedley-place 
Molteni A. 185, Pilgrim-st 
Moor G-. 31, Mosley-street 
Notman J. 23, St. John's-ln 
Parkinson J. New-road 
Pescott Geo. High Friar-lane 
Piper C. 16, Butcher-bank 
Eeed J. Stamfordham-place 
EeawickE. 25 & r9,Pilgm.-st 
Eichardson Eobt. (furniture 

broker) Causey-bank 
Eobinson Gr. 74, Northum- 
berland St. & 23, Percy-st 
Eobson J. 48, Groat Market 
Eobson E.64,Northumbld-st 
Scott N. Saville-court 
Scott W. Pandon-bank 
Simpson Catherine, 110, Pil- 
grim-street 
Smith J. 28, W. Clayton-st 
Sop With Thomas and John 
( & upholsterers & maho- 
gany yard), Sandyfordln; 
showroom in Northumber- 
land-street 
SpoorEdward( & upholsterer, 

&c.), Hanover-square 
Stephenson E. Dog-bank 
Stephenson T.31,Pudding-ch 
Taylor J. Egypt Cottage, 

New-road 
Taylor W. 15, Pilgrim-st 
Thompson A. 4, Pilgrim-st 
Thompson E. 6, Minden-st 
Thompson E. 126, Piigrim-st 
Vass J. 91, Newgate street 
Tickers W. Harle-street 
Vinycomb A. 19-20, Pilg.-st 
Yvalton E. Diana-street 
Watson I. 20, Newgate-st 
Weir J. 90, Newgate-street 
Wigham E. 17, Wesley-st 
Wood J. Trafalgar-street 

Canvass Manufacturers 
Bell E. 22, Sandhill 
Eggleston J. & Co. Lime-st 
Proctor W. B. & Co. Pandon- 
bank; office, 17, Sandhill 
Gilchrist, J. G. 39, Quay 

Cap Makers 
See also Hatters. 
Cohen F, 62, Graiuger-st 
Cochrane & Carse,18,Mosley- 
street 



Deutschman S. 22, Mosley-st 
Grant B. Low-bridge 

Carpet "Warehousemen 
Bragg C. & Co. 55, Pilgrim- 
street 
Fenton J. 22, Mosley-street 

Cart Proprietors 

Brewis E. Gallow-gate 
Brewis J. 5, Stowell-street 
Brewis W. 16, Stepney-ter 
Brown T. 3, Wellington-st 
Brydon N. Gallow-gate 
Carr W. 20, St. John's-lane 
Carver & Co. Quay-side 
Coward T. Prudhoe-street 
ClarkeWm. SlrlVm. Wallace's 

Arms, 48, Stowell-street 
Dickinson J. & E. Sallyport-gt 
Forster J.Old CarhsleGoods 

Station 
Frost & Co (general cartmen 

& porters), 60, Quay-side 
Gallon J. Fenwick's-entry 
Gibson Wm. Minden-street 
Greener J. East Ballast-hills 
Hall M. Gallow-gate 
Harris E. Oak's-place 
Hindmarsh T. Seam-street 
Hunter E. Orchard street 
Irving J. Pandon-dean 
Keen E. Oak's-plaee ' " 
Lockey J. 20, High Friar-st 
Lockey Jas. 27, Blackett-st 
Mc. Cree T. & A. 75, Quay, 

& 26, Hill-street 
Mc. Cree W. T. 7, Nun-st 
Miller John, Green-court 
Patterson J.Spring Garden-tr 
Pattison Sarah, 7, Forth-ter 
Pattison W. 66, Percy-street 
Eedhead J. Stowell-square, 

and Friars 
Eeed W. L. Taylor's court 
Eobson W. Gallow-gate 
Eogerson J. Back Oxford-st 
Simpson J. 26, Melbourne-st 
Stephenson E. 1, Quay-side 
Stabbart J. 86, ^V. Clayton-st 
Stoker, J. Gallow-gate 
Stoker W. Gallow-gate 
Veitch J. Oak's-place 
Vickcrs J. 13, Albion-sti'eet 
Wheatley W. 75, Blandford-st 
Wilthew T. 3, Stowell-street 
YouDg J, 26, Sunderlaud-st 



Cartwrights 

Burnup W. & C. (& timber 

merchants, &c. Barras- 

bridge 

Codhng W. Back Hill-street 

Curry Eobert,Byker-bar ; ho. 

Lawson-street 
Forster C. West Blandford-st 
Hogg Ealph, Gallow-gate 
Kirton William (& black- 
smith), Denton Hill-head, 
near Newcastle 
Lawson Thos. Ballast-hills 
Lawson Thomas, Ouseburn 
Lowry John (and joiner and 
builder, &c), Ord street; 
ho. 5, Scotswoed-road 
Pattison Geo. (and joiner) 

Scotch Arms'-yard 
Scott T. Orchard-street 
Wilson John (& joiner), Wil- 
kinson's-buildings, Step- 
ney ; ho. 4, Canada-street, 
Shieldfield 
Worley William, 25, Arthur's- 
hill 

Carvers and Gilders 

Barkas W. 40, Grainger-st 
Doig W. (ship) Clarence-st 
Hall B. 75, Pilgrim-street 
Hardy J. 3ij Grainger-street 
Hay J. 54, (jraingef^stre'et ' 
Ism ay E. 47, High-bridge 
Jobson G. 74, Grey-street 
King J. 1, Newgate-court 
Eoseltine — , Carliol-square 
Scott E.S. Fighting Cocks-yd 
Tweedy T. H. 49, Grainger-st 
Walker J. 46, Grainger-st 
Wardle W. 17, Mosley-street 
Watts J. 18, Percy street 

Cattle Salesmen 
Alder M. Spital-tongues 
AndersonA.13,Marlbro'-crsct 
Burn J. 7, Brunswick-place 
Crozier W. Bulman's-village 
Geekie A . 1 5, Marlborough-er 
HewisonJ-WJOjElswiok-row, 
Mitchell J. 2, ^^'est-parade 
Eiddle N. High Villa-place 
Scolt J. & Andrew (it sheep), 
3, Derwent-place, Cattle 
Market i.<L-]^arnick,Melrose, 
Eoxburgshire, Scotland 



826 



^TEWGASTLU^trfON'l^YNfi 



Cattle SaleBti&iL— Continued. 
Stott John (and sheep) 85, 
Blenheim-street 

Cement and Plaster of Paris 
Manufacturer 

Wilkinson W. B. (& artificial 
stone chimney top manu- 
facturer), 43, Prudhoe-st 

Chain and Chain Cable 
Manufacturers 
Bourn G. & Co. Stockbridge 

and at Winlaton 
Gallon J. sen. (& sail thimble) 

Clarence-street 
Gallon John, junior, Blue 

Anchor-chare 
Pearson W. South-street 
ShieldsW. St. Peter's ; office, 

Rewcastle-chare, Quay 
Wheldon J. Clarence-sti^eet 

Cheesemongers & Butter & 
Bacon Factors 

See also Butter andEgg Mer- 
chants. 

Atkinson T. 7, Bigg Market 
Balls T. P. 31, Bigg Market 
Bell G. 6, Tyne Bridge-end 
Bertram A, 12, Union-street 
Bowness J. m, Newgate-st 
Carr William, Nelson- street 
Cowan G. & W. 91, Side 
Cowan G. 95,EastClayton-st 
Cowan G. 72, New Market 
Cowan J. Adelaide -place and 

Ouseburn-bridge 
Coulson Robert, 40, Dean-st 
Craig W. 135, New Market 
Cuppels J. 115, New Market 
Pairiamb C. 76,W. Clayton-st 
Farrage W. & Son, 215, New 

Market 
Perguson W. 39, Grainger-st 
Galloway Thos. West Clay- 
ton-street 
Hindaugh J. & Co. 21 & 22, 

Cloth Market 
Hunnam P. 101, Side 
Hunter G. 5, Grainger-street, 

and 117, Side 
Lowes J. 107, E. Clayton-st 
Maxwell J. 2, E. Clayton st 
Mofiett John, 10,Westgate-st 
MoffettJ. jun, 142, NewMkt. 



Morland T. 98, Side 

Nicholson James, 62, West 
Clayton-street, &1 5, Grain- 
ger-street 

Gates I. (wholesale only), 12, 
Sandhill 

Peck T. 58, Blackett-street 

Potts &"Oubridge, 19 and 20, 
Side 

Ridley W. 76, Close 

Robinson J. 47 &48, Dean-st 

Souter T. 7, Tyne Bridge-end 

Sterling T. 95, Side 

Temperley J. 13, Broad-chare 

Watters H. 92, Side 

Wilson R. & Co. Porth-lane 

Chemist— Analytical 

Richardson and Browell, 5, 
Portland-place 

Chemists and Druggists 

Marked * are wholesale only. 
Bell Jos. and Co. 23, Nuns'- 

gate. Bigg Market 
Bell W. 150, Pilgrim-street 
Brown J. 102, Pilgrim-street 
Brown W. Ouseburn-bridge 
Burn J. 53, Northumber- 
land-street 
Carr R. 30, Market-street - 
Carr Thos. 42, Bigg Market 
Clennell J. M. 34,'' Westgate 
Cooke and Sutton, 46, West 

Clayton-street 
Currie and Hutchinson, 19, 

Sandhill 
Daglish & Ism ay, 33, Sandhill 
Dewar P. S. 5, E. Clayton-st 
Downie H. & Co. 44, SandhHl 
Eno J. C. Groat Market 
Fairs J. Nun's-gate 
Fairweather J. 69, Pilgrim-st 
Fawcett J. 27, Dean-street 
Garnett J. 1, Side 
Gibson C. S. 40, Mosley-st 
Gibson Tajdor & Co. 15, Bigg 

Market 
Gilpin J. & Son, 53, Pilgiim- 

sti-eet 
Goodali J. 16, Union-street 
Gowland Elizabeth, 27, East 

Clayton-street 
Jack J. 87, Pilgiim-street 
Landers H. B. l.Union-st 
Maling W. 42, Grey-street 
Marley J. 12, Grainger-street 



Marshall F. k Co. 52, West 

Clayton-street 

Mawson J. (Homoeopathic), 

13, Mosley- street, and 13, 

Northumberland-street 

*Myers Brothers, Pilgrim-st 

Murray Hamilton, 1 and 2, 

Elswick-lane 
NaylorW. 97, Pilgiim-street 
Newton G. 57, Percy-street 
Nichol A. and Son, 22, Quay 
Owen W. 20, Collingwood-st 

and Adelaide-place 
Potts T, 33, Dean-street 
Proctor W. 32,Collingwood-st 
Proctor W. 6, Grey^street 
Price Michael, 3, Quay-side 
Reed J. Head of Bucking- 
ham-street 
Reed L. 55, Quay 
Ridley H. 54, Newgate-street 
Scaife J. W. 56, High-street 
Smiles E. 54, Newgate -street 
* Spencer P. Low Friar-street 
Stainthorpe G. F. 2, Marl- 
borough-street 
Stephenson W. 29, Bucking- 
ham-street 
Swaii W. 49, Pilgrim-street 
Taylor Robert, New Bridge- 
street 
Thornton J, L^ 62, GibsoTi-st 

and Shield-street 
Turner W. "Westgate, 23, Pil- 
grim-street, and Hinde-st 
Walker E. 70, Grey-street 
Ward B. 45, Newgate-street 
Webster E. 17, Newgate-st 

Chemists— Manufacturing 

Allen J. and W. Wallsend 
Bell Brothers, 78, Grey-st 
BellT. (alkali), 20, Sandhill; 

works, East Jarrow 
Blaydon Chemical Comp. ; 

Dr. Richardson, manager; 

office, 20, Sandhill 
Burnett T. and Sons, 8, Side, 

Bill Quay, and Dunston; 

office, 8, Side 
Cook J. alkali, St. Anthony's 

Chemical Works 
Gardner A. 21, Westgate 
Gray & Crow, alkali. Friars' 

Goose Chemical Works ; 

office, Close 
Giles Wilham, 104, Side 



ebAssiFitjifi DlBfictroRf. 



ast 



Hoyle, Bobson, and Co. tar 
and turpentine distillers, 
Bill Quay ; office, 58, Close 

Myers Brothers, Wellington- 
place and Bell's-court 

Oliver and Co. Javel-group, 
Close 

PatUnson H. L- and Co. 10, 
Grey st; works, Felling 

Potts Thomas, 33, Dean-st 

Kamsay G. H. sal ammoniac, 
Derwenthaugh ; office, 
Broad chafe 

TtSE ManUEE & CHEMfGAIi 

Company, St. Lawrence 
■Walker Alkali Company, 
alkali, soda, & chloride of 
lime. Walker; office, Quay 
Washington Chemical Co, 
soda, oxichloride of lead, 
&magn.; office, 73^ Gfey-st 

Cliicory Manufacturers and 

Spice Grinders 
Bichardson John and Co. 

Hanover-square & Manors 
SweetElizabeth, Croft-stairs, 

Manor-chare 

CMmney Sweepers 

Baker J. Back Trafalgar-st 
Blower John Graig Watson, 

4, Gallowgate 
Blower W. Gallowgate 
Fish E. Pandon 
Fisher S. Castle-square 
Frame J.Castle-sq.Castle-gth 
Hindmarch J. Close 
Knight E. 90. Percy-street 

Cliina, Crlass, & Earthenware 
Dedlers 

See also Glass Dealers. 

Angus J. 8, Grainger-street, 

and 2, Market-street 
Batty K. 60, AVest Clayton- 
street 
Carr W. 107, Percy-street 
CI ark Benjamin, Tyne-street, 

North-shore 
Eden Ann, 9, Nun-street 
Hyslop Charles (wholesale), 
Staffordshire Warehouse, 
65, Quay-side 
Jobling Margaret, 4, Side 
Kendle Elizb. 4, Northbld-st 



McGrigor D.- 9, Niin-stfeet 
Eeed Hannah, 2, Market-st. 

and 8, Shakspeare -street 
Smith G. Hedley-terrace 
Sparke WilHam (wholesale 
and retail), 38 and 39, 
Quay-side ; ho. Rewcastle- 
chare 
TownsendMary, 67. Pilgrim- 
street 
Urwin J. 52, New Market 
Wilson Isabella, 7, East Clay- 
ton-street 

Clock Makers 

See also Watch and Clock 

Makers. 
Bausch F. Shakspeare-street 
Brugger M. & L. 26, Nun-st 
Cross Charman, 99, Pilgrim- 
street 
HeineWendHn,35,Blenheim- 

street 
Einnear M. 7, High Friar-st 
Kuss G. & Co. 98, Pilgrim-st 
Mayer K. 91, Newgate street 
Todd G. 19, Low Friar- street 

Clothes Dealers 

Craven Mrs. 5, & 9, Blackgate 
Davis James, Castle-garth 
Dowd James, Castle-garth 
Duffy J. Low Bridge 
Finnigan 0. Head of Butcher 

bank, and 14, Dog-bank 
Glendinning J. Blackgate 
Grant Alice, 11, Castle-garth 
Grab am sly Jas. Castle-garth 
Hall Ralph, King-street 
Harrison Jane, Low-bridge 
Hymers Robt. Castle-garth 
Loughran H. Gallow-gate 
McLaughlin S. 9, Dog-bank 
McCorraack John, Castle-gth 
Moon J. 34, Side 
Morris H. 65, Newgate-st 
Newton John, Castle-garth 
O'Neil Nancy, 14, Castle-gth 
Perry M. 24, Castle- garth 
Reed Mary, 4, Low Friar-st. 

and New Market 
Riley Bernard, Castle-garth 
Rogers John, Groat Market 
Smith J. C. 9, St.Nicliolas's- 

churchyard 
Solomon J. Castle-garth 
Stephens Catharine^ 34^ Side 



Tooie J. 12, King-Street 
Whitfield J. Queen- street, & 

68, Newgate-street 

Coacli and Harness Manu- 
facturers 

Anderson C. G. Northijld-st 

Angus Henry, 44, Westgate- 
street; opposite the As- 
sembly Rooms. 

Atkinson & Philipsonj 93, 
Pilgrim- street 

Burnnp J. and H. 63, 
Northumberland-street 

ShanksT-&R.25,HighBridge 

Coach Proprietors 

Cleghorn J. Adelaide-place 
Johnson Ann, (and hearse, 
cab & mourning coach), 
Orchard-^street 
Kaberry L. 15, Brunswick-st 
Parker & LanderSj Green- 
court, Newgate-street 
RichardsonM. St.John's-lane 
Robson Hannah, Picton-ter 
Robson AnUj 39, Blackett-st. 
and High Friar-street 

Coaliitters 

Armstrong R. 59, Quay-side 
Armstrong W. Town's-hutch 
Armstrong W. & H. Close 
Atkinson Thos. 24, Quay-side 
Barkus John, 19, Quay-side 
Barnes Robt. 23, Quay-side 
Bertram Chas. 71, Quay 
Birkenshaw G. P. 62, Quay-si 
Bourne Thos. 39, Quay-side 
Burnett Robt. ( & shipbroker 

&c.) 26, Quay-side 
Carr John, Trinity Chambei s 
Carr Jno. & Co. 59, Quay-side 
Carr L. S. 34, Broad-chare 
Clay Wm. 32, Quay-side 
Cowan Wm.W. 29, Quay-side 
Dickinson William, and ship 
and insurance broker, 38, 
Quay-side 
Doeg&Skelton, 12,Broad-ch 
Doughty R. H. 39, Quay-side 
Elliott Jno. Trinity Chambers 
Forster & Holmes, Three In- 
dian Kings-court 
Forster James, Three Indian 

Kings-court 
Grey J, B. & Co* 38, Broad-ch 



398 



KEWCASTLE-UPOK-TYNB 



CoalKttevS-^Continued. 
Haswell S. W. 32, Quay-side 
Harrison CaiT & Co. 32, 

Broad-chare 
HealdJos.&Co. 29, Quay-side 
Hunter Wm. Three Indian 

Kings- court 
Hood A. & Co. 21, Broad-cha 
Hutchinson W. J. Three In- 
dian Kings-court 
Hunt J. H. 71, Quay-side 
Jobhng John, ]9, Quay-side 
Johson Brothers & Co. 17, 

Quay-side 
Jonassohn D. Three Indian 

Kings-court . 
Joicey James, 31, Quay-side 
Kimpster AV. 32, Quay-side 
Lamb J. 35, Quay- side 
Liddell J. 25, Quay-side 
LoshWilson&Bell,37,Quay-s 
McCree Thomas & Andrew, 

and merchants, &c. 75, 

Quay-side 
Middleton J. 37, Quay-side 
Morrison J. 32, Quay-side 
Nesbit M. Spicer-ln. Quay-sid 
Pattinson Thos. Three In- 
dian Kings-com^t 
Parker Anthony, & Co. 50, 

Quay-side 
Palmer C. M. 12, Quay-side 
Pearson J. B. 32, Quay-side 
Pearson Pv. 28, Quay-side 
Potter A. L. 7, Quay-side 
Phammer M. & Co. 39, 

Quay-side 
Pratt K. & Go. 35, Broad-cha 
Eamsay G. H. jun. Broad-ch 
Eedshaw &Eidley,15, Quaysi 
Ptenoldson & Farley, 33, 

Quay-side ' ' 

Piidley John & Son, 25,Quay-s 
Eogerson John, 59, Quay-si 
Eoxby W. W. Broad-chare 
Saniter Ludwig & Co. 31, 

Broad chare, Quay- side 
Scott J. J. 69, Quay-side 
Scott J. D. 28, Quay-side 
Shields J. Son & Co. Trinity 

Chambers 
Sowerby Thos. Trinity-chare 
Strakers & Love, 93, Side 
Southi'en Wm. Eev»-castle-ch 
Swan E. W. 30, Quay-side 
Tulley & Co. {& merchants & 

brokers) 33, Quay-side 



Taylorson E. Three Indian 
Kings-court 

Temperley and Springmann 
(successors to Eeid & Co. 
& ship & insurance bro- 
kers,) &c. 21, Quay-side 

Waters B. Three Indian 
Kings-court 

Watson Ebt. L. 27, Quay-side 

Walker W. Three Lidian 
Kings-conrt 

Coal Merchants 

Cowen Jos. & Co. 59, Quay-si 
Dunn J. Eed-barns 
Fairless J. & Co. Forth -banks 
HaU T. Y. 11, Eldon-square 
Kirton G. (& lime and lire 

brick), Old Carlisle station, 

depot No. 4; ho. Benwell 

Farm 
Longridge James A & Co. 

(owners), 59, Quay-side 
Makepeace Gr. depot, Carhsle 

Old Station 
McCroe T. & A. 75, Quay 
Newcastle CoalCo. Manors, 

Joseph G-. Jennings, agent 
Bedhead J. Stowell square & 

Friars 
Eogerson John, 1, Back 

Oxford-street 
Wheatley & Musgrove (coal 

owners), Benwell Park 

Colhery, near Newcastle 

Coal Tar Manufacturers 

Hoyle E. Derwenthaugh ; 

oifice, 14, Sandhill 
Lister Ealph, Scotswood 

Ooifee Roasters 
Marked * are Spice Grinders. 

Coward T. Pandon-dean 
Dodds G-. St. Andrew's- court 
*Fhntoa' T. & Co. 5, West- 
gate-street 
Hodgson E. St. Nicholas's-sq 
Mclnnis D. 2, Westgate-st 
Proud B. 2, Westgate-street 
Eichardson John & Co. (and 
spice gi'iuders & chicory 
manufacturers), Hanover- 
square, and Manors 
* Sweet Elizab. Croft-stairs, 
Manor-chare 



Coke Manufacturers 

Carr J. & Co. Wallsend and 

Jarrow ; office 58, Quay 
Carr W. E. Scotswood 
Clayton & Armstrong, Skin- 

ner's-bura 
Hoyle E. Dent's-hole, office, 

14, Sandhill 
Maeley Hill Co.; C. M. 

Palmer, agent, 12, Quay 
Potter A. Willington-quay ; 

office, 7, Quay 
Eamsay Gr. H. Bill-quay ; 

office. Broad-chare 
Smith J. Y. & Co. 62, Quay 
Strakers & Love, 93, Side 

Colour Manufacturers ' 

Cook William & Co. (and 

paint) Leith Wharf-quay ; 

ho. New-road *• , 
Cookson W. I. & Co. Close 

& Pipewellgate, Gateshead 
Hoyle, Eobson, & Co. 58, 

Close 
Kaye William, (artist's), 5, 

Blackett-street 

Comb Dealers and Manufac- 
turers 

Harrison J. & H. Dean-st 

Eaugier J. 1 0, GreyrStreet & 
17, Market-street 

Sherwood W.5, Northumber- 
land-court, and Fighting 
Cocks yard. Bigg Market 

Confectioners , 

See also Fruiterers and Con- 
fectioners. ^ 
Marked * are wholesale. 
Bell J. & Mary, 72, Pilgrim-st 
Bell Mary Ann, 51, Grey-st 
Bennett J. 103, Percy-street 
Brignal J. A. 1, Sandhill 
Brogdon M. Sandgate 
Brown E. 66, Blackett-street 
Burton Joseph, 7, Hinde-st 
Cameron W. 35, Grainger-st 
Carver J. High bridge .- 
Cooke Eobert, 70, Newgate-st 
Daglish James, 2, Hinde-st 
Dunn Margaret, 29, Percy-st 
Elhingham John, 23, & 69, 

West Clayton-street 
Gallon William, Els wick-] a 
Guun A. 59, Westgate-street 



CtiASSIFiEi) DliiECiOEl'. 



399 



Confectioners— Continued. 
Hardman Wm. 21, Grain- 

ger-street 
Hindmarsh Ann, 49, Groat- 
Market 
*Howe J. 15, Cloth Market^ 
Innes Eleanor, 89, West- 
Clayton-street 
*Jenkius H. 19, Dean-street 
Laidman Mai'garet, 9, Shak- 

speare street 
Mathison Mary Ann, 6, New- 
gate-street 
*McDonald C. & Co. 22 

and 23, Dean-street 
McDonald Mary, 20, Nelson- 
street 
Moat J. 16, Nelson-street 
*Mort IsabeUa, 108, Side 
*Nichol J. 100, Side and 59, 

Grainger- street 
Percy Emily, 2 NewBridge-st 
Pipkin J. 16, Sbakspeare-st 
IMttegrewAveral, 3, Mosley-st 
Potts Sarah L. 27, Grain- 
ger- street 
Pybui-n Geo. New Bridge-st 
Kowell E. 24, Newgute-street 
PJchardson Mary, 6, St. 

John's-lane 
Simpson S. Westgate-street 
Simpson George, 15, Cloth 

Market 
Snowball and Allan, 72, 

Northumberland-street 
Sterhng John, Westgate-hill 
Sturgeon James, 89, West 

Clayton-street 
Strother J. 99, East Clay- 
ton ^street 
Turnbull Robert, Colling- 

wood-street 
Waddell Isab. 22, Westgate 
Walton A. & M. Westgate 
Wilde T. 1, High-bridge 
WylHe & Eidley, 23, Cloth 

]\larket 
Young Mary Ann, & tea dlr. 
28, Dean-st. & 40, Grey-st 

Consuls 
Marked * are Vice-Consuls. 

Belgium — C. B. Reid, Upper 

Claremont-place 
*i?e/^iMm-~T.Reid, 33,Quay- 

side 



*Brazils — E. Bilton, 42, 

Sandhill .; " 

^Denmark — C. Borries, jun. 

?- Quay \i 

France — T. Goepp, 73, Grrfey-^ 
,^treet ' -:' 

Gretice—E. Dodd, 19, Broad- , 

chare 
Hanover -rTl. Dodd, ]9,; 

Broad-chare 
*IIanse Towns — E.Dodd, 19, 

Broad-chare 
*MecUenhurg — C. F. Es- 

kuche, 19, Quay 
Netherlands — W. J.M . Lange, 

Three Indian Kings-court 
*Norway — W.Losh,37, Quay 
Oldenburg— :i . G. Dodd, 19, 

Broad-chare 
*Portugal—E. Bilton, 42, 

Sandhill 

* Prussia — W. Losh, 37, Quay 
*Kussia — J. T. Carr, 25, 

Broad-chare 
*Sardinia — E. Bilton, 42, 
Sandhill 

* Sicily — E. Bilton, 42, 

Sandhill 
Spain — Don Eenato Boom, 

1, Sandhill 
Sweden — W. Losh, 37, Quay 
*Tur'keij — W. Losh, 37, Quay 

* Tuscany — E. Bilton, 42, 

Sandhill 
*United States — M. Plum- 
mer, 39, Quay 

Contractors 

Alexander Thos. (& builder,) 
10, Copland Terrace, 
Shieldfield 
Buckton J. 24, Bayley-street 
Call R. 42, Northumberland- 
street, and 53, Percy-street 
Gibson & Stewart, Green-ct 
Lawton Benjamin Carr, 

Els wick villas 
Reed E. B. West Blandford- 

sti-eet 
Rush & Lawton, 40, Grain- 
ger street 
Simpson J. 26, Melbourne-st 
Spoor E. Hanover square 
Waite and Howard (and 
builders) Low Elswick-ter 
Weatherhead G. 1 & 2, St. 
Thomas's-streot 
W 9 



Wilson & Gibson, Nelson- st. 
Trafalgar-street 

Coopers 

^Arthur J. 18, Close 
SiSird^l.- D. 88, Pilgrim-st 
Blenkinsoj.^Tv 24, Union-st 
Brown JaSiies^ Broad-chare; 

ho, 19, Simpson -street 
Butterley J. Taylor's-court 
Cook John, Leith-wharf 
Cook W. New-road 
Donaldson D. Stock-bridge 
Dunlop G. 24, Close 
Forster E. Nun's-gate 
Gibbon E. 78, Percy-street 
Harrison J. &W. 31, Dean-st 
Harrison J. North-shore 
Harrison Thos. 20, Nelson-st 
Hopper Margaret, 10, Side 
Leighton Wm. Gallow-gate 
Nixon Isaac, Clarence-street 

North- shore 
Nixon John, Folly Cooper- 
age, New-quay; ho. 41, 
Richmond-street 
Pattinson J. Fleece-court 
Pendrick R. 69, Percy -street 
Snaith W. D. Stock-bridge ; 

ho. 191, Pilgrim-street 
Spraggon J. 49, High-bridge 
Teasdale John, Fighting 

Cocks-yard 
Todd H. Westgate 
Wilson W. Butcher-bank 
Winter R. 27, Stowell-street 

Copperas Manufacturers 

Barnes T. Walker 

Hunter C. & Co. Scotswood 

and Low Walker 
Eidley J. & F. ^V. Elswick ; 

office, 34, Quay 
Southlield Copperas Works, 

Low Walker; J. Sewell, 

manager 

Cork Cutters 

Dixon S. 96, Side 
Gilpin X- Co. 52, Pilgrim st 
Liddell H. & Son, 12,^ Sand- 
hill 
Somerville W. 4, Drury-lane 
Walton Thos. 5, Drury-lane 
Whintield J. W. 22, Graiu- 
ger-street, and 2, Westgate 



8S0 



i^#a4Bi^E^tJP0Jr-*¥j?e 



Corn Factors and Merchants 

Armstrong &Co. 47,Cowgate 
Ayton T, & Sons, 86, Sandhill 
Boldemann, Borries, & Co. 

4, 5, and 6, Quay, and at 
, North Shields 
Borries C.jun. 77, Quay 
Biilman G. 29, Sandhill 
Burn James, Bisrg Marl^et 
Charlton W. 32, Sandhill 
Clarke Abra, 69, Quay-side 
Clark A. jun. 69, Quay 
Clark J. 3, Side 
Cooke Edward (and flour) 

77, Quay-side; ho. 14, 

Elswick West-terrace 
Culley S. &. E. 29, Sandhill 
Dickinson W. 0. Head of 

Side 
Dodd T. 14, Sandhill 
Hall J. 8, Sandhill 
Hardy J. 94, Blenheim-at 
Harrison J. J. jun. 28, 

SandhiU 
Han-ison, Can-, & Co. 32, 

Broad-chare 
Heppell & Co. Watergate, 

Quay 
Hewison L. 38, Sandhill 
Hodgson T. & J. ] , Butcher- 
bank 
Jobson, Brothers, & Co. and 

coal exporters, ship brokers 

& commission merchants, 

77, Quayside 
Liddell E. & Co. 50, Quay 
Marshall R. 42, Sandhill 
Mc.Cree T. & A. 75, Quay 
Mitchell W. 46, Sandhill 
Nairn P. Cloth Market 
Pollard J. <fe Co. Love-lane 
Porter J. 6, Blackett-street 
Eeavely T. 46, Cowgate 
Eeed E. T. 20, Newgate-st 
Eichardson .T. W. 1, Sandhill; 

ho. 107, Blenheim-st 
Swan E. jun. 16, Sandhill 
Temperley J. 3, Side 
Wilkin T. 1, Close 
Wilson E. Todd's-crt. Groat 

Market 

Coroners 

Heed G. B. deputy for the 
Castle and Tindale Wards, 
Bank buildings 



Eeed Stephen, forthe County 
of Northumberland, 44, 
Grey-sti-eet 

Stoker J. G. for Newcastle- 
upon-Tyne, 60, Pilgrim-st 

Crucible Manufacturers 

Carr J. Eailway-terrace 
Lister R. Scotswood 
Smaile E. & B. Eegent-st 

Curriers and Leather Cutters 
Angus G. 9, Close 
Bailes*& Galloway, 151-2 3, 

Pilgrim- sti'eet 
Bailes J. & Co. 1, Bigg Mkt 
Bailes J, 2, Union-street 
Bell W. 28, High-bridge 
Boyd G. Side,(feByker-chare, 

Quay 
Brown T. Westgate 
Clark T. & G. 94, Side 
Doughty J, 1, Denton-chare 
Faire E, Sandhill 
Howard J. 1, Pudding-chare 
Jobson Ss Hosfall, & leather 
merchant and commission 
agents, StoweU-st. Darn- 
crook 
MellarAnn, Foot of thcQuay 
Milner E, 11, Cloth Market 
Owen & Sons, J)ispensary- 

lane. Low Friar-street 
Pattinson E. and Son, Gal- 
low-gate 
Pearson L. 73, & 74, Side, 
13, Bigg Mkt.& Blagdon-st 
Plews C. 60, Gibson-street 
Priestman J. Dispensary-ln 
Eeed Eobt. 35, Newgate-st 
Eobinson J. 58,St.Nicholas's- 

square 
Rutherford C.27, Newgate-st 
Eutherford T. Cut-bank 
Sillick J. Scotch Arms-yard, 

Bigg Market 
Thew G» 79, Percy-street 
Todd J. 50, Groat i\rarket 
WeirWm. 21, Bigg Market 
Wilkinson J. 8, Dog-bank 

Cutlers 

Carr G. 25, Nun-street 
Clark E, 33, Blosley-street 
Donaldson H, 58, Grey-st 
Marley S. 70, Westgate 
McQueen E. 45, Grainger-st 



Potts K. WiiU Swan-yard 
Sharp J. 26, Market street 

Dairsrfiien 

Atkin E. Gallow-gato 
Blackett Frances, Back-lane 
Blackett J. P. Back-lane 
Bruce H. Oak'S-place 
Calbreath Robt. 44, Percy-st 
Carnaby Mrgt. Gallow-gate 
Carr Mary Ann, Gallow-gate 
Corbett W. Gallow-gate 
Da\dson Elizb. 2, Prudhoe-st 
Dickinson J. & E. Sallyport- 
gate 
Donkin B. Back-lane 
Elliott Jane, Abinger-st 
Foggin Elizb. 38, Stowell st 
Frizell W. 16,Spring Garden- 
terrace 
Forster E. Nlm's-lane 
Gibson G. Gallow-gate 
Gibson J. 5, Oak's-place 
Gibson W. Gallow-gate 
Haddock W. Gallow-gate 
Hall Mary, 5, Gallow-gate 
Hankin D. Gallow gate 
Hankln W. Gallow-gate 
Hedley W. Gallow-gate 
Hodgson Eachael, Gallow-gt 
Huntley J. Nixon's-place, 

Percy -street 
Jobey B. 2, Bath-laue 
Jobey B. jun. 2, Bath-lane 
Kinghorn Jane, Gallow-gate 
Lambert W. 79, Percy-st 
Langstaff W. Diana-st 
Lax E. Vine- lane 
Lee E. Gallow-gate 
Lee T. Gallow-gate 
Mather W. 9, Wellington-st 
Mdburn H. 7, Shield-st 
Moor J. 56, Barras-bridge 
Murray W. Back-lane 
Myers'T. Back-lane 
Penman W. 42, Prudhoe-st 
Eace W. Sandyford-lane 
Eatcliff T. 46, S to well-street 
Eichardson J. and farmer, 

45, Percy-street 
Eichardson T. Gallow-gate 
Eobson Ann, Percy-street 
Eobson Deborah, 10, Prud- 

hoe-street 
Eobson. E. Back-lane 
Patterson J. 3. Buckingm-st 
Scott Elizabeth, Gallow-gate 



CtASSII^lED DIEECtOHY. 



331 



Dairymen— Co/ifrnwecZ. 

Shipley A. Leazes-lane 
Stephenson C. 69, Percy-st 
Stobbs J. 37, Bayley-street 
Stoker J. Gallovv-gate 
Thompson T. 7, Spring 

Garden-terrace 
Waters Sophia^ Gallow-gate 
Weddell T. 12, Stowell-sqr 
"Wilson J. Back -lane 
Youll R, 3, Leazes-lane 
Youll W. Gallow-gate 

Dentists— Surgeon and 
Meclianical 

Dinsdale C. 3, Albion-street 
Downing B. 9. Eldon-square 

& 9, Northumberlaiad-st 
Downing E. 9, Northmbld-st 
Leadbetter E. 15, St. Nicho- 
las's Church-yard 
Mosely E. and Son, 10, 

Eldon-square 
Nightingale & Sons, 7, New 

Bridge-street 
Stokes H. C. 51, Blackett st 
Tinn G. T. 4, New Bridge-st 
Weir Jas. Anthony, 56 & 58, 
Percy-street 

Drapers— Linen and Woollen 

Adams J. 1 7, Stowell-street 
Affleck J. 85, Blandford-st 
Arnott Cannock and Co. 

Grainger-street 
Bainbridge & Co. 11, and 12, 

Market-street 
Ban-on M. & J. 24, Dean-st 
Bell Benjamin, Tyne-street 
Bell J. 36, Gibson-street 
Bell J. 4, Cottenham-street 
Bragg C. & Co. and silk 

mercers, 55, Pilgrira-st 
Bearcliff J. 11, Westmore- 
land-street 
Brown J. and silk mercer, 

16, Grey- street 
Bumup J. 7, Dean-street 
CaldweU J. 25, Sandhill and 

2, Cloth Market 
Carr J. 4, Charlotte-square 
Carson A. 4, Forth-lane 
Carson Alexander, Shield- st 
Carson D. 3, Plummer-street 
Carson J. Carliol-street 
Close G. S. 82, W. Clayton -st 
Douglas J. &W. 12, Albion- st 



Duncan J. 12, Marlbro*-cres 
Dunn W. A. & Co. and silk 
mercers 13, &14,Market-st 
Edgar T. 60,Westmoreld.-ter 
Elhot P. 11, Tindal-street 
Foreman G. 17, Grey-street 
Freeman I, Lime-street 
Gill W. 81, AVest Clayton-st 
Hall M. 42, Quay 
Hannah J. Sinclair,Green-ct 
Harbottle J. 1 0, Quay-side 
Harper D. 10,Sunderland-st 
Harrison J. 5, Westraoreld.-st 
Haywood J. 14, Cloth Mrkt 
Henderson T. 63, West Clay- 
ton-street 
Hill, Nicholson, and Hodge, 

16, Grainger-street 
Hogg T. and silk mercer, 

11, Grey-street 
Hope T. M. 3, Charlotte-sq 
Irving J. 6, Blenheim-street 
Jamieson A. Shield-street 
JardineW. 17, Sunderld.-st 
Johnson W. 86, Blandford-st 
Kennady M. & J. 86, West 

Clayton-street 
Kirkup T. 8, Buxton- street 
Lindsay William, Westmore- 
land-street 
Lightfoot T. linen, Byker-bk 
Mackeand A. 34, Blackett-st 
Mackeand A. 3, Derwent-pl 
Mackeand J. 18, Albion-st 
Mackeand J. 13, Percy-st 
Mackeand W. B. 3, Albion-st 
Mackey, Smith, & Co. 67, Qy 
Mathison T. Carliol-street 
Makins Fred. Wait, Buck- 
ingham street 
McBryde J. 85, Blandford-st 
McBryde P. 5, Forth-lane 
McHargA, 5, Derwent-place 
Mclntyre and Arthur, 20, 

Grainger-street 
McNulty Bernard, Castle- 
garth 
McWilliam A. 21, Westmore- 
land-terrace 
Milburn J. 110, Side 
Milburn J. 101, Blenheim st 
Milvain J. 8, Albion -street 
MofFatt D. & W. 4, Charlt.-sq 
Moflatt E. 58, Westgate-st 
Moffatt T. 40, Westgate-st 
Montgomery J. 8, Marlbro'- 
crescent 



Montgomery T. I'dE, Blen- 
heim-street 
Muir W. 103, Blenheim-st 
Munro G. 80, W. Clayton-st 
Nicholson B. & J. 2, Forth-ln 
Nicholson W. 19, Westmore- 
land-street 
Pool A. 95, Blenheim-street 
Pool W. 17, Blandford-street 
Eichardson and Coxon, 28, 
Grey-street, and 11, 12, 
and 13, Market-street 
Eobson E. and Co. 29, Mos- 

ley-street 
Scott and Forster, 70, West 

Clayton-street 
Short T. 78, W. Clayton-st 
Smith A. Ouseburn-bridge 
Smith E. 64, West Clayton-st 
Snowdon W. 4, Blackett-st 
Spence T. H. 1, Sandhill 
Spencer J. & Son, 74, Quay, 

and 15, Grey-Street 
Stark W. 9, Dean-street 
Syminton J. Eennoldson's-ct 
Teasdale N. 39, Westgate-st 
Teasdale T. L. 8, Percy-st 
Teasdale E. 41, Westgate-st 
Thorburn David, Bath-row 
Thorburn &Eliot, 6, Forth-lu 
Thorburn J. 10, Albion-st 
Trewick J. and Esther, 6, 

Buxton -street 
Tweedie G. & W\ 7, Albion-st 
Wakinshaw Mary, 35, Westg 
Walker W. 4, Blenheim-st 
Waller J. 4, and 5, Grey-st 
Waterson W. linen, 15, 

East Clayton -street 
Wi]kinsonJ.15,Shakspeare-st 
Wilson and Mattinson, 20, 

Market-street 
Young A. 100, Pilgrim-street 
Young J. B. 23, E. Clayton-st 
Young T. 9, Ai'cade 

Drapers— Woollen 

See also Drapers — Linen and 
Woollen, also Ontjitters, 
and also Tail&i's. 

Marked * are also Tailors. 
Angus & Wilson, 74, Grey-st 
*Armstrong J. 38, Mosley-st 
Cowan Nicholas, 45, St. 'Ni- 
cholas' s-squai-e 
Hepworth M. IS, Grey-st 



sm 



KEWCASTLE-1JP0X^TT^'E 



Drapers, kt.— Continued. . 
>Hutton & EMiid, 36, Mos- 

ley-street 
Hodgshon G. 71, Grey-street 
Eoyston J. 18, Grev-street 
Shield G. E. and Co. 39, 

Mosley-street 
*Stewart G. 21, Dean-street 
Wilson E. 55, Grey street 
*Vrilson E. & Co. 66, Grey-st 

Dress Makers 

See also Milliners. 

Anderson Ann,32,Blackett-st 

Arnett Jane, 63, Westgate-st 

;iAf!cin Elizabeth, 17, Sirring 

Garden-terrace 
Aikin Mary, G alio w-g ate 
Atkinson Jaue, 13,Marlbro'-st 
^Eagley Cath. 40, Bayley-st 
"Bailey Mary, West Hinde-st 
Bell Emma, Yilla-place 
.Binks Anne, Argyle-street 
Sinks M. Argyle-street 
Byers Eleanor, 6, Lisle- st 
Carr Ann and Jane, 6o, West 

Clayton-street 
Carr & Donnison, Clavering- 

place 
Cleugh Frances, Canada-ter 
CoUen Jane, 108, East Clay- 
ton-street 
Cowan Each el, 45, YUla-place 
Davison Jane, 90, West Clay- 

ton-sti-eet 
Dickinson Margt. Harle-st 
Dodds Ann, Canada-street 
DoddHannab, 25, Tilla- place 
FaulknerEleanor,61, Grey-st 
Eorster Frances, 7, Blen- 
heim-street 
Forster Dorothy, 42, Mans- 
field-street 
Gills ]Mrs. Wesley -street 
GlendiuningLydia,20,Bland- 

ford-street 
Green Margt. 13, Stowell-st 
Grieve Ann, 34, W. Clayton- st 
Grubb H. Gibson-street 
Gutlirie Hannah, Erick-st 
Hamson E. .t D. Xew-road 
Hall Grace, 5, Thornton-st 
Hedley Ann, 9, E. Clayton-st 
Heppell Margery, E. 62, 

Grainger-street 
Hill Sarah, Lambton-place 
James F. Eichmond-street 



James Jane, 20, Stamford- 
ham-place 
Kent Mary Sc Jane, Croft-st 
Lamb 3Iary Jane, Xew-road 
Larab Sarah & Isabella, 34, 

AVest Clayton-street 
Lynn Ann, 41, ^Y. Clayton st 
I\Iallabar Ehzb, Adelaide-pl 
Marshall Sarah, Camden-st 
Mather Hannah and Jane, 

109, Blenheim-street 
McPherson Ann, 10, Bruns- 

"wick-place 
Midgley Hannah, Friars 
Miller Matilda, 6, Hedley-st 
Moody Hester, 34, Elswick 

East-terrace 
Moore 3Ian-,81,W. Clayton-st 
MunroMary, 10, Westgate-st 
Nell Anne Elizb. 19, Duke-st 
2n ewtonJane,20,E. Clayton-st 
Pannett Mary, Wesley-street 
Pringle Isab. 9,Brunswick-pl 
Proctor Ellen, Canada-st 
Eennie Mary, Canada-street 
Eiley Dorothy and Ann, 

19, Hill-street 
Eobinson Sarah, 11, Water- 

loo-street 
EoutledgeEliz. 5, Damcrook 
Eutter Lydia, 90, West Clay- 
ton-street 
Eutter Lydia, Wesley-street 
Scott Mary, 6, P^rcy-street 
Sinton Margaret, Terrace pi 
Smith Catherine, 105, East 

Clayton-street 
Smith Jane, New-road 
Stoddart Isa. E. 10, Welling- 
ton-street 
Storm Isabella, 8, Pitt-street 
Thompson Ellen,NewBridge 

street 
Telfor Ellen C. Camden-st 
Telford M-ary IsabeUa, 39, 

Yilla-place 
Walton Ahee and Maria, 27, 

Westgate 
Walton Lydia, 8, William-st 
Watson Harriet, 27,Shield-st 
Wright Mary Ann, 8, Pitt-st 

Drysalters 
Daglish & Ismaj, 34, Sandhl 
Downie H. & Co. 44, Sandhl 
Myers, Bros. Wellington-pl 
Usher E. Manor-chare 



Dyers 

Atkinson H. 26, Newgate-St 
Bradbum J. 16,W. Clayton-st 
Dean J. 24, Nim-street 
Femvick John and Son, 82, 
Pilgrim-st. and 58, West- 
gate-street 
Foggin &: Co. 79, Pilgrim-st 
Hunter E. 46, High-bridge 
Jenkins T. 9, Gailow-gate 
Jobey Hannah, 55, Gibson-st 
Pringle J. 12, Side 
Whitlock Margaret, 77, Side 

Earthenvfare ManttfactTirers 

Bagshaw Jno. & china figure 
manufacturer, Ouseburn 
Potter}-, Cutbank 
Burn J. & Co. Stepney-bank 
Charlton J. Ouseburn 
Fell T. & Co. St. Peter's 
Hollinshead J. figure, Ouse- 
burn 
Holmes John, Ouseburn 
Holmes J. Stepney-square 
Humble John, manufacturer 
of water closet pans, and 
other articles for sanitary 
purposes; works at St. 
Lawrence ; ho. Scotswood 
MaUng C. T. Ouseburn-bdg 
Maling J. Ousebm^n 
Maling E. East Ballast-hiUs 
McGregor D. FoUy 
Patton J. Ouseburn 
Sampson John, Ouseburn 
Sewell &: Co. St. Anthony's 
Wallace J. & Co. Forth-banks 

Eating Houses 

Amers J. Clarence-street 
Anderson Elizab. 25, West 

Clayton-street 
Baker Hen. 44, Bigg Mai'ket 
Bayers Watson, 7, High-brdg 
Belt G. 53, Groat Market 
Bland W. 14, Butcher -bank 
Falcus Agnes, Sandgate 
Fisher S. High-bridge 
French E. 37, Groat Market 
Henderson Maiy, 48, High- 
bridge 
Humble Ehzabeth, 24, Pud- 
din g-chai'e 
Hunter T. 87, Newgate-st 
Hurst Maiy, Manor-street 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTOEY. 



333 



Eating Koviies— Continued. 
Jackson Ann, 12, East Clay- 
ton-street 
Johnson & White,45, Sandhl 
Landers H. B. 25, Union-st 
McBean Mrs. 5,Manor-street 
Parker George, 37, Sandhill 
Patterson J. B8, High-bridge 
Porter Janet, 86, Newgate st 
Smith Barbara, 25, Nelson-st 
Stewart Thomas, Manor-ch 
Towns E. 11, Nun-street 
Watson Elizabeth 1, Elswick 
East-ter. Scotswood-road 
Wells 0. St, Nicholas's ch-yd 
Wilson G. 48, Quay 
Wilson E. 35, Groat Mai-ket 

Engineers 
Marked * are also Boiler Bldrs. 
Do. t are Locom.EngineBldrs 

*Armstrong W. G. and Co. 
Elsv/ick; office, 32, Market- 
street 

Burnett, Brothers, Spring- 
gardens 

Crawford M. Low Elswick 

*+Hawthorn E. and W. 
Forth-banks 

Joicey J. & G. & Co. Forth- 
banks 

Larment M. 174, Pilgrim-st 

* Morrison E. & Co. Ouseburn 
Engine Works 

Eayne cSrBurn,Bus}''-cottage, 
Ouseburn; office. Broad- 
chare 

Eoss W. M. Hanover-street 

Smith J. Hall's-court, New- 
gate-street 

Smith J. & W. J. Enginers, 
Boiler Makers, and Iron 
Founders, St. Lawrence 
Iron Works 

Stephenson, Eobert, and Co. 
Locomotive and Mariue 
Engine Works, South-st 

*TowardW.&Son, Ouseburn 

Waterson, Brothers, Low 
Elswick 

Wheldon J. Clarence-street 

Engineers— Civil 
Bell J. T.W. 1, Higham-pl 
Bowman E. 48, Westgate-st 
Burnett Jas, 43, Prudhoe-st 



Brooks W. A. river engineer, 

5, Elswick-villas 
Gibson Thos. 48, Westgate- 

street 
Jobling T. W. mining, 12, 

Quay 
Morrison E. 11, Eyehill 
Thompson B. 2, Lancaster-st 
Welch H. 2, Summerhill-gr 

Engravers Copperplate, and 

Lithographic Printers 
Blagburn T. 22, Mosley-st 
Christie J. 2 & 3, Nelson-st 
Crow W. S. 96, Side 
Gibson M, H. 1 5,Bigg Market 
Glenton J. M. 21, Grey-st 
Joel A. 7, Cloth Market 
Lambert M. and M. W. 69, 

Grey- street 
McKenzie J. 40, Grainger-st 
Pennington & Curley, 46, 

Grainger street 
Eeid A. 117, Pilgrim-street 
Spens T. 8, Grainger-street 
Ward E. 1, Dean-street 

Farriers 
Heads J. 81, Pudding-chare 
Hunter A. 83, Newgate 
Hutton Geo. 79, Pilgrim-st 
Plues & King, 28,Westgate-s t 

& 54, W. Clayton-street 
Eichardson J, 79, Percy-st 
Stephenson C. Scotch Arms- 
yard, Bigg Market 
Winship E. Byker-bar 

Feather Merchants 
Finnigan J. 37, Side 
QuinP. St. Nicholas's-square 

File Manufacturers 
Bambrough M. Fighting 

Cocks-yard 
Carr G. 25, Nim-street 
Cookson C. E. & Co. South- 
street 
Spencer J. &Sons, Newburn; 

office, 78, West-street 
Spoor A. Hanover-square 

Fire Brick Manufacturers 

Barrass S. & Co. 113, Side 
Carr J. & Co. Scotswood; 

office, 58, Quay 
Cowea J. & Co. 59, Quay 



Hall William, & innkeeper, 

The Waggon Inn, Close 

Brick Works, Bell's- close 
Lister Ealph, and crucibles 

& chemical aparatus, &g. 

Scotswood 
Potter A. Willington-quay; 

office, 7, Quay 
EamsayG.PI.Derwenthaugh ; 

office, Broad-chare 
Eichardson J. H. & Co. 28, 

Quay 
Southerns & Watson, Tyne 

Firebrick works, Dunston ; 

office, 26, Quay-side 
Wood J. Benwell-staith 

Fish Curers 
Cullenford H.24, Newgate-st 
Miller Jn, 3,Clayton-st. East 
Nicholson E. Orchard-street 
Woodger J. 3, Westgate-st. 
Woodger T. & E. 29, WesL- 
gate-st, and Eegent-st 

Fishing Tackle Manufac- 
turers 

Farrage W. & Son, 6, Col- 
ling wood- street 
Pape J. 27, Collingwood-st 
Weir W. 30, Mosley-street 

Fishriiongers 
Atkinson E.B.7,Shakespcar- 

street 
Brown T. 64, Blackett -street 
Brown George, Manor-street 
Brunsby Thos. 85, Percy- st 
Carswell E. Manor-street 
Mosey E. 30,Westgate-street 
Eobinson Joseph, 9, East 

Clayton-street 
Teasdale Geo. 22,W. Clayton- 
street 
Teasdale W. 37, Grainger-st. 
and 37, Collingwood-street 

Flas Dresser 
Preston J. 38, Side 

Flint Manufacturers 
Charlton J. Ouseburn 
ElliottHenry, Ouseburn, and 
Heaton Flint mills 

Floor Cloth Dealers 
Fenton J. Mosley-street 
Morrison & Co. 11, East 
Clayton-street 



334 



K^WOAaTUE-TTPOK-TTNIl 



Floor Cloth Manufacturers 
Clark Joseph, 126, Pilgrim- 
street ; works, Eegent-ter 
Hardcastle ^ Co. 33, Bigg 

Market 
Spence & Sayers, 22, Bigg 
Market 

Flour Dealers 
See also Bakers, and also 
Millers, and also Grocery 
and Provision Dealers 
Ainsley W. 52, Groat Mkt 
Atldu Pv. 60, Blackett-street 
Baty J. 24, West Clayton-st 
Brown J. 47, W. Clayton-st 
Brown Luke, 14, Westgate 
Brown "Wm. 43, Newgate st 
Cooper Wm. 115, Pilgrim-st 
Fallan Wm. 34, Pilgrim-st 
Featherstone Eoh. 40i Groat 

Market 
Ferguson Jas. 15, Percy-st 
Gallon E. 33, Bigg Market 
Galloway T. 73, W. Clayton-st 
Hails W. 25, Newgate -street 
Hopper J. jun. 103, Pilg.-st 
Kitchen.John, 122, Pilgrim-st 
Lindsay J. 4, Friai'S, and 6, 

Pilgrim street 
Lumsdon J. 28, Bigg Mkt 
Marshall T. 71,W.Clayton-st 
Palmer J.97, East Clayton-st 
Patterson John, GaUow-gate 
Porter J. 6, Blackett-street 
Eennoldson E. 62, Newgate- 
street 
Eohson Elizb. 74, Pilgrim-st 
Eobson W. Y. 34, Groat Mkt 
Shipley W. 43, Bigg Market 
Sinton John, 38, Groat Mkt 
Smith T. 2, Quay-side 
Soss C. M. 78, Pilgrim street 
Stuart W. 62, Grainger st 
Younghusband B. 112, Pil- 
grim-street 

Flour Merchants 
Culley S. 29, Sandhill - 
Dickinson W. 0. 62, Head of 

the Side 
Temperley J. 3, Side 
Willdn T. 1, Close 

Forgemen 

Eayne & Burne, Ousebm^n ; 

office. Broad-chare 
"Waterson Brothers, Elswick 



Free Porters 

Frost & Co, & general cart- 
men, 60, Quay-side 

French Polisher 
Grieveson W. Dog-bank 

Fringe, Bell-Eope, and Lace 

Manufacturers 
Hails W, 31, Grainger street 
White M. 11, Grey-street 

Fruiterers and Confectioners 
Blake Mary Ann, 7, Colling- 

wood-street 
BridonMrgt.5,Northmbrld-st 
Brown Elnr. 66, Blackett-st 
Burnett P. 66, W. Clavton-st 
Burton E. 144, Pilgrim-st 
Clark G. 16, Cloth Market 
Cooke IMary Ann, 44, West 

Clayton-street 
Day T. 24, Percy-street 
Dewhar H. 37, Grey-street 
Downs Joshua, 6,StrawbeiTy- 
place and Leazes-lane, 
Gallowgate 
Elliott John, 6, Westgate-hl 
Eltringham J. 23, West Clay- 
ton-street 
Falcus A. 90, Pilgrim-street 
Fisher E. 68, Quay 
Foggin W. 28, W. Clayton-st 
Gardner J. Lime-street 
Gihb Elizabeth, 4, Sandhill 
Gibson J. Westgate 
Gibson J. J. 22, Newgate-st 
Gibson Thomas, Lower Bux- 

ton-street 
HarrisonWm.54,Newgate-st 
Haw J. Cut-bank 
Hay D. 1, Adelaide-place 
Henderson J. 84, Pilgrim-st 
Jackson Thomas, 98, East 

Clayton-street 
Miller Jolm, 68, Percy-street 
Moat A. 5, Percy-street 
Monkhouse Maria, 9, Quay 
Muras G. 68, Blackett-street 
Eichardson J. Neville-street 
Sanderson J. 101, East Clay- 
ton-street 
Slee Matthew, Nelson-street 
Teal George, 20, Percy-st 
TurnbuU E. and pastrj^cook, 

15, Collingwood-street 
Wilson E. 16, Side 



Grain ger-street 
Yellowley Ehzabeth, 29, 
Grainger-street 

Fruit Merchants 
Brown John & Co. 22, Nun-st 
Burtchby G. P. 17, Nun-st 
Hodgson W. 214, New Mkt 
Matfin W. 188-190, NewMk 
Moody D. G. 77, Quay 
Naylor N. 18, Nelson-street 
Eobson E. Grinding-chare 
Telfer Adam, 19, Nun-street 

Funeral Furnishers 
Baptist Cath. 4, Damcrook 
Cook E. 5, Cloth Market 
Davison E. St. Lawrence 
Fisher Isabella, 44, Stowell-st 
Foreman G. 17, Grey-street 
Howe John, Bath-row 
Litchco Mai'garet, East Bal- 
last-hills 
Eamage Thos. 25, St. John's- 

lane 
Sewell & Son, 12, Percy-st 
Wilson Ann, 18, Pudding-ch 

Furniture Brokers 
Amry Geo. Bucldngham-st 
Bell Mary, 191-2, Pilgrim-st 
Bolam Mary Ann, 1 and 2, 

Pilgrim-street 
Bulman Chai-lotte, Dog-bank 
Byrne Andrew, Pink lane 
Cairns G. 24, Pilgrim- street 
Carr J. 12, Lisle-street 
Dalziel W. 32, Westgate-st 
Dancyger L. 36, Pilgrim-st 
Davison J. Buxton-street 
Douglas Thomas, & cabinet 
maker & joiner, 18, Lower 
Buxton street 
Dunlop Wm, 30, Pilgrim-st 
Edgai' Jas. 180, Pilgrim-st 
Elhott J. Forth-banks 
Forster E. 24, Westgate 
Forster William, Dog-bank 
Gibson J. 56, Westgate-hill 
Gilpin H. & Co. 33, Market 
Faulkner Francis, 97, Percy- 
street 
Graham Alice and G. 22, 

Blackett-street 
Hall Thomas, 32, Pilgrim st 
Herdman T. Westgate-hill 
Hill Wm. 176j Pilgrim-st 



CU^SIFIEJD DIBECTOIlt, 



335 



Furniture Brokevs— Continued 
Hobson E. Dentou-chare 
Hogg J. 166, Pilgrim-street 
Hudspeth Jane,17,Pilgrim-st 
Hunt H. 155, Pilgrim-street 
Hunter G. 90, New Market 
Kelly P. New-road 
Kenneday W. Pog-bank 
Kniveton J. Cowgate 
Lee L. 3, 5,& 186, Pilgrim-st 
Leech Thomas, 16, Percy-st 
Liddell D. 105, Percy-street 
Lowthin T. Pilgrim-street 
Maughin iM. 189, Pilgrim-st 
McCormick J. 11, Dog bank 
jNEcKie W. 187-8, Pilgrim-st 
Meek Thos. 6, Newgate-st 
Morris Solomon, 33, West- 

gate-st. & 29, Blackett-st 
MolteniAngelo, 23,High-bdg 
Pvichardson K. Milk Market 
Eobson Jas. 15, Pilgrim-st 
Savage Edw. White Swan-yd 
Scott Jno. 140, Pilgrim st 
Smettem Jno. Lwr. Buxton -st 
Stephenson E. 14, Dog-bank 
Taylor Gr. Adelaide-place 
Taylor J. Buxton-street 
Taylor Wm. 15, Pilgrim-st 
Temple i. Dog-bank 
Toon Margaret, Stepney 
Yinycomb A. 19 & 20, Pil- 
grim-street 
Wardle T. 4, Hin de-street 
Watson Henry, 188, Pilgrim- 
street 
Wright Elizb. 17, Union-st 

Furriers 
Bainbridge & Co. 11 & 12, 

Market-street 
Bennett & Co. 21, Grey-st 
Brown E. B. 50, Grainger-st 
Dunn W. A & Co. 13 and 

14, Market-street 
Eox Alfred, 21, Grey street 
Hall W. 9, Blackett-street 
Harris W. 77, W. Clayton-st 
Hodgson A, 82, Pilgrim-st 
Eichardson&Coxon,28,Grey- 
st. &U, 12, & 13, Maiket- 
street 
Tilly J. Temperance-row, 

Shieldfield 
Waller J. 4 & 5, Grey-st 

Game Dealers & Poulterers 
Bell A, 3, Blackett-st 



Berry J". 19, Nun-st 
Burnett P. 66, W. Clayton-st 
Carruthers Edward & Jane, 

9, Nun-st 
Henderson J. 84, Pilgrim-st 
Laws Edward, Heaton 
Leighton W.B. 7, Grainger-st 
Murthwaite W. poulterer, 

Westgate 
Noble J. 27, High-bridge 
Pape J. 27, Collingwood-st 
Peverell E. 14, Bigg Market 
Telfer Adam, 1, Blenhoim-st 

Westgate-st 
Telfer Adam, and general 

provision dlr. 73, Westgate 
Weddell T. 18, Nunst 
Wright Mrgt. Pudding-chare 
Yellowley E, 29, Grainger-st 

Gardeners— Market 

Anderson G. Minories 
Carr John, Byker-hill 
Charlton J. Minories 
Ferguson J. Jesmond 
Hart J. Cragg hall, Jesmond 
Hart J. M. Coxlodge 
Henderson J. 20, Shield-st 
Mc.Leary James & Samuel, 

Heaton 
Moon E. Wallsend 
Pringle W. Minories 
Eeid J. Jesmond 
Smellie J. Goldspink-lane 
Smellie John, Jesmond 
Spence William, Heaton 
Stephenson C. 69, Percy-st 
Summers J. Minories 
Thompson U. East Elswick- 
terrace 

German Yeast Importers 
Burrell J. & G. Groat Mkt 
Mawson J. 13, Mosley-st 
Thornton WiUiam Sykes, 2, 
High Bridge; Jno. Wright 
agent 
Ward B. 45, Newgate-st 

Glass Cutters and Dealers 
See also China, Glass, ancl 

Earthenware Dealers. 
Fenwick L. 77, Pilgrim st 
Hyslop Charles, wholesale 
dealer, Staffordshire ware- 
house, 65, Quayside 
Parry Wm, S.41, Grainger-st 
Rutter M. 7, Blackett-sti'eet 



Glass Manufacturers 

Byker Bottle Company, 
Byker Bottle Works, St, 
Peter's Quay, Thomas 
Coulthard, manager 

Cookson C. & Co. bottle, 
Close 

Dodd J. G. & Co. Skinner-bn 

Harrison T. & Co. North- 
umberland Crown Glass 
Works, Lemington 

Eidley Thos. bottle, Albion 
Glass Works, St. Peter's 

Swinburne E. W. & Co. 
plate. Forth Banks 

Todd & Co. bottle, Close, & 
St. Lawrence 

Wright, Brothers, flint, New- 
castle Flint Glass Works, 
Forth-street & Eegent-st 

Glass Merchants 
Douglas J. 21, Westgate-st 
Holmes W. H. 44, Grey-st 
Parry W. S. 41, Grainger-st 
Eeed Mary, 4, Market-street 

Glass Stainers 
Gibson J. & J.89,West Clay- 
ton-street 
Wailes W. Bath-lane 

Glovers 
Brunting A. 34, Bigg Markt 
Buckbam & Grey, 50 & 51, 

Pilgrim-st 
Gorbett J. & Co. 2, Grey-st 
Corbett J. 1, Mosley-st 
Dand J. Golden Lion yard 
Davison P. White Swan yard 
Douglas M. 21, Westgate-st 
Gibson J. 28, East Clayton- 
street, and 30, Grey-st 
Goodbairn J. 4, High Bridge 

Glue Manufacturers 

Priestman J. Elswiek; office, 

Dispensary-lane 
Eichardson J. & E. 66, Now- 

gate-st. and Back-lane 

Gold Beater 
ArmstrongT.Fighti^gCGeks- 
yard 

Grease Manufacturers 

Appleby Wm. grease and oil 
mcrchaut,Thompson's-crt. 
14, Cloth Mai-ket 



336 



NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE 



Oliver & Co. Javel Group, 62, 

Close 
Eowell George, Head of the 

Swirle 
Singleton Joseph, Royal Oak 

Inn, Bucldngham-st 

Green Grocers 

See also Fruiterers and 
Confectioners 

Armstrong Susannah, 239, 
. New Market 
Baker Ann, 234, New Mrkt 
Barlow W. 192, New Market 
Dridon M. 7, Northumbld-st 
Dunham Thomas Ouseburn 

Bridge 
Elliott J. 193, New Market 
Fisher E. 222, New Market 
Fryer Jane, 231, New Mrkt 
Hohkirk W. 221, New Mkt 
Hogarth W. 235, New Mrkt 
HutchinsonAnn,220,NewMk 
Lascelles E. H. 232, New 

Market 
Marr EHzb. 205, New Mkt 
Matfin W. 188-90, New Mkt 
Miller Isab. 238, New Mrkt 
Murray A. Butcher-bank 
Murray P. 219, New Market 
Eutherford W.206, New Mkt 
Slee M. Nelson-street 
Smith Ann, 227, New Mkt 
Smith T. 225, New Market 
Tate Ehzb.226, New Market 
Wallace W. 240,New Market 
Watson J. 191, New Market 
Watt J. 213, New Market 

Grindery Dealers 

See also Curriers and 
Leather Cutters. 

Bailes & Co. 1, Bigg Market 
Bailes Joseph, 2, Union-st 
Gaul J. Queen-street 
Gray W. 37, Newgate-street 

Grindstone Manufacturers 
Atkinson E. 16:|, Quayside 
Kell E. & Co. Felling-shore; 

office, 33, Quay 
Pickering Ann, Burn -bank 
Pickering W. Kenton 
Eamsay C. Kenton 
Eogerson John,59,Quay-side 
Savery James, Forth-banks 



Grocers and Tea Dealers. 

See also Tea Dealers, and also 

Grocery, Flour, & General 

Dealers. 

Marked * are Wholesale only. 

Ainsley&Aydon,7, Grainger- 

street 
*Anderson J. Carliol-square 
Anderson J. & T. 39, Dean st 
Armstrong W. and Co. 27, 

Mosley-street 
Appleby John, West-parade 
Atkinson Thomas, Pitt-street 
Aydon k Ferguson, 114, Side 
Bell E. 51, Dean-street 
Bell E. & Co. 04, Grainger-st 
Bell W. 150, Pilgrim-street 
Benson J. & Co. 16, Market- 
street 
Black J. and Co. 94, Side 
Blayney A. 53, Grainger-st. 
Bolton G. F. 13, Quay 
Brewis J. 41, Groat Market 
Brightwen C.Grey-street,and 

Market-street 
Catcheside, Bros. 61, Grain- 

ger-street 
Catton T. 21, Mosley-street 
Cockburn A. 10, Collingwood- 

street 
Colquhoun W. 8, Tyne br. end 
Copland Wilham, Copland- 
terrace, Shieldfield 
Davidson W. 50, Groat Mkt 
Downing B. 78, Close, and 1, 

Bridge-end 
ElHott Peter, 21, Marlbo- 
rough- street 
Fittes J. 55, Groat Market 
Flocker Elizab. 11, Bucking- 
ham-street 
Gent Francis, 32, Market-st 
Greaves John, 9, Grainger-st 
Harbottle A. 10, Bigg Market 
HarkusWilliam, 12, Bucking- 
ham-street 
Hastwell E. 1, Nun-street 
Hedley Mary, 60, and 61, 

Head of the Side 
Henderson S. and E, 15, 

Grainger-street 
Herdman W. 19, Nelson-st 
Heron W. 36, Bigg Market 
Henzell William M. 91, West 

Clayton-street 
Hindbaugh J. & Co. 21, and 
22, Cloth Market 



Howe & Anderson, Bucking- 
ham-street 
Hopper J. 47, Pilgrim-street 
Hotham W. 3, Quay 
Ions J. 71, Westgate-street 
Irwin C. 17, St. John's-lane 
Johnson & Fleming, 135, 

Pilgrim-street 
Keenleyside E. 35, Bigg Mkt 
Kent J. 32, Dean-street 
Kimpster J. & J. 35, Sandhill 
Kirsop E . F. & Co. 3, Nun-st 

and 6, Dean -street 
Laidler Geo. Thos. 51, St. 

Nicholas's-square 
Lam.bert G. 35, Mosley-st 
Longhurst Geo. 35,Mosley-st 
Lowes & Usher, 38, V/est 

Clayton -street 
Lumsdon J. B. 28. Bigg Mkt, 
Lunn W. E. 19, Mosley-st 
Marshall & Akinson 10 & 1 1 

Tyne Bridge-end 
Marshall F.& Co. 52, West 

Claj'ton- street 
Marshall C. 68, Northumber- 
land-street 
Marshall W. C. & Co. 62, 

Pilgrim-street 
Miller Wm. 54, Pilgrim-st 
Morrow E. J. 14, Side 
Murton G. 2, Bigg Market 
Oliver D. 11, Union-street 
Oliver T. 7, Union-street 
Ord J. 1, Cloth Market 
Pattison T. Angas'-court 
Peverell E. 14, Bigg Market 
Potts W. M. 41, Sandhill 
Probert Jos. 32, bandhill 
Purvis A. 10, Nun -street 
PumprayG. B. 62,Blackelt-st 
Eevely Wo & Co. 60, Groat 

Market 
Eichardson H. 4 Union-st 
Eiddell T. 32, Mosley street 
Eobinson & Sons, 2, ColUng- 

wood-street 
Eobson E. 9, Bridge-end 
Eobson Wm. Edward, 25, 

Marlborough-street 
♦Shield J. & Co. 62, Grey st 

and Old Market-lane 
*SmithE.A. 15, Bigg Market 
Snowdon J. 60, Quay 
*Spoor J. 149, Pilgrim -street 
Stephenson E. 1, Quay 
Sidney & Eay, 27, Grey-st 



CLASSIFIED DIEECTORY. 



337 



Stephenson W. 90, Newgate- 
street 
Stewart W. 33, Grain ger-st 
Stobart Joseph, 3, Grainger- 

street 
Taylor J. 4, Grainger- street 
Taylor J. 27, Sandhill, and 

3, Nun-street 
Turnbull & Wood, 17, Grain- 

ger-street 
Tickers & Son, 111, Side 
Ward J. 6, Grainger-street 
Watson J. & Co. 18, Market- 
street. 
Watson E. & Son, and Italian 
warehousemen, 43, Grey- 
street 
Watson William, 18, Grain- 
ger-street 
West R. J. 19, Grainger-st 
WhichelloE.25,E. Clayton-st 
Whinlield J. W. 22, Grainger- 
street, and 2, Westgate 
Whintield E. C. & Go. 85, & 

86, Pilgrim-street 
Wilkinson Eoht. 21§, Grain- 
ger-street 
Wilkinson G. 115, Side 
Wilson E. A. 55, Westgate-st 
*Yellowley W. 57, Pilgrim -st 
Young Alexander, 80, West 
Clayton-street 

Grocery & Provision Dealers 
Addison J. 11, Marlborough- 

street 
Aisbitt J. 32, Percy-street 
Aitken J. Westmoreland-st 
Alexander Jane, Manor-st 
Allison John, Byker-hill 
Allison Ealph, Lime street 
Allison James, Butcher-bank 
Allan A. 36, Low Friar-street 
Allen Elizb. Stepney-bank 
Amos Frances, 6,Butcher-bk 
Anderson A. 1, Sandgate 
Anderson T. 40, Gallow-gate 
Angus A. C. 36, Gibson-st. 
Appleby Jas. Pandon-bank 
Appleby W. 14, Elswick-st 
Appleby John, Elswick-lane 
Archbold E. 22, Bayley-st 
Armstrong Dthy. Arthur's-hl 
Armstrong G. 26, Bucking- 
ham-street 
Armstrong George, 95, East 
Clayton- street 



Armstrong H. Sandgate 
Armstrong T. Elswick-lane 
Armstrong W. 2, Erick-st 
Armstrong W. 1, Tindal-st 
Atkin E. 60, Blackett-street 
Atkinson Ann, 7, H. Friar-st 
Atkinson Sarah, Monk-street 
Averey J. Canada-street 
Aynsley Ann, AVest Pitt-st 
Bailes Elizab. New-road 
Bambrough M. 105, East 

Clayton-street 
Barber Daniel, High Pitt-st 
Bartlett W. Peel-street 
Bates Ann, 47, Crescentpl 
Bates J. 50, Percy-street 
Batey E. Dent's-hole 
Beat Ehzab. Silver-street 
Bell A. 3, Blackett-street 
BellE. 38, Bigg Market 
Bell E. 2, Spring-street 
Bell F, Dixon's-buildings 
Bell H. Lawson-st Byker-bar 
Bell J. 30, Groat Market 
Bell J. Pudding-chare 
Bell y\^m. M. Jesmond-vale 
Bell Martha, Tyne- street 
Bell T. 1, Marlborough-cres 
Bell W. Seam-street 
Bennett J. 20, Hill-street 
Beveridge Thomas, Sandgate 
Bewick E. 116, Blenheim- st 
Bezelly T. 57, Gibson-street 
Blacklock J. Gosforth-street 
Blaiklock Thomas, Back 

Elswick-terrace 
Blakey G. Painter-heugh 
Blakey W. Manor-street 
Bolam Geo. 27, High Friar-st 
Bowman John, Shield- st 
Bowness Jno. 42, Newgate-st 
Bolton E. Stock-bridge 
Bolton Margt. Thompson-st 
Bootiman J. 20, Close 
Bostle W. Lime-street 
Bowes W. 28, Newgate-street 
Boyd E. 14, Wellington-st 
Boys Ann, 130, Pilgrim-st 
Brewis E. New-road 
Bridge W. Sunderland-street 
Bright T. St. Peter's 
Brown Edwd. 23, Edward-st 
Brown G. 24, Blenheim-st 
Brown J. 35, Percy-street 
Brown J. Stepney-bank, and 

York-street, Ballast-hills 
Brown Margt. 5, Prudhoe-st 
X 



Brown Mat.St. Nicholas's-sq 
Brown E. Lawson street 
Brutnell T. Ponteland-ter 
Buchanan Jane, Monk-st and 

Friars 
Burdis E. Forth-banks 
Burkitt George, East Ballast- 
hills 
Burn W. Gallow-gate 
Burns A. 35, Westgate-street 
Burns Peter, Back-row 
Burton W. C. 12, Blenheim- 
street 
Carlton Eliza, 54, Percy-st 
Carse Thos. 87, Percy-street 
Carr A. Spring-street 
Carr J. St. Peter's 
Carston J. Buckingham-st 
Carter Llary, York-street 
Catherall J. 3, Buxton-street 
Chambers Ann, Back-i'ow 
ChambersCatherine,Nelson- 

street. North-shore 
Chambers W. St. Peters 
Charlton E . 58, Northumber- 
land-street 
Charlton J. Sandyford-laue 
Charlton J. 11, Stamford- 
ham-place 
Clark J. 9, Wilham-street 
Clarke E. Argyle-street 
Cleghorn J. Adelaide place 
Clementson Thos. Byker-hill 
Clyde Andrew, Manor-chare 
Coats worth Sarah, East Bal- 
last-hills 
Coffey Edward, 27, Stowell-st 
Coltman J. F. Tyne-street 
CookEobt. East Ballast-hills 
Cook E. New Pandon-street 
Cooke E. 70, Newgate-st 
Coppock T. 36, Newgate-st 
Coulson Mary, Gosforth-st 
Coulthard T. Postern - 
Coxon D. C. 77, Percj'-strect 
Craig Ann, Westgate 
Craigie J. Stock-bridge 
Crawford George, Templs-st 
Crosier J. Fenkle sti-eet 
Crozier E. 1, Wcllington-tcr 
Curie J. Nevr-road 
Curry Eobert and builder, 

Hinde-street 
Cuthbertson Archibald, Si, 

Percv-street 
Dady Susan, 15, Tindal-st 
Dague J. Cottenham-sti-eet 



338 



KEWCASTLE-UPQN-TYNE 



Grocery & Provision Dealers 

Continued. 
Da%ddson J. 15, West Buck- 
ingham-street 
Davie George, Churchill-st 
Davis Elizabeth, Canada-st 
Davison J. 18, Churchill-st 
Davison J. 2, Forth-place" 
Dawson Sarah, 26, Bucking- 
ham-street 
Deighton Ann, Peel-street 
Denton W. Queen- street 
Dick E. 7, Friars 
Dickson Isab. N. Pandon-st 
Dickson Isab. Gibson-street 
Ditch burn E. Lawson-street, 

Byker-bar 
Dixon Elizb. 4, E. Clayton-st 
Dixon Elizab. Forth -terrace 
Dixon W. Tyne-street 
Dobie Ellen, New-road 
Dobson Wm. Shield street 
Dobson L. 177-8, Pilgiim-st 
Dodds C. Queen-street 
Dodds Wm. 80, Gibson-st 
Dodds W, Stepney-bank 
Dover Matthew, St. Peter's 
Douglas Peter, Pandon 
Douglass J. Queen-street 
Dow J. 24, Gibson-street 
Downs J. 1, Leazes-lane 
Drew J. Leazes-road 
Drysdale Eobert, and flour, 
4:4 &46, Waterloo-st. and 
67, George-street 
Dunn W. Brandling-village 
Duffin John, Manor-chare 
Eclmondson E, Byker-bar 
Elliott Elizabeth, New-road 
Elhott J. Carr-street 
Elliott Wm.Douglas-ten-ace, 

Mansfield-street 
ElUott Peter, 21, Marlbro'-st 
Ellis E. 12, Butcher-bank 
Ellison J. 28, Butcher-bank 
Ellison Margaret, 3, Marlbo- 

rough-crescent 
Elphinstone J. 2,Gallow-gate 
Eltringham W. 2, Elswick-ln 
Eltringham W. Summerhill 
Eno Elizb. Ban-ack-square 
E\itt John, 91, Blenheim-st 
FaMey E. 10, Erick-street 
Fawcett Joseph, Trafalgar-st 
Fen-ndck Jas.Mansfield-sc 
Finnie A. Oyster-shell-lane 
Fleming E, 8, Churchill-st 



Fogg Ann, Spring-street 
Foggin T. 92, Newgate-st 
Forrest Ann, Cowgate 
Forrest Eleanor, Eailway-st 
Forster Anthony, St. Peter's 
Forster H. 22, Pudding-chare 
Forster Stepn. Judson-place 
Forster Wm. E. Causey-bank 
Freeman Ann, Brandling-vill 
Freeman I. Lime-street 
Furness Wm. Blagdon-street 
Galley Isabella, Gosforth-st 
Gardner G. Scotswood-road 
Gee Andrew, 7, Gallow-gate 
Gee J. Manors 
Gibson G. 32, Low Friar-st 
Gibson G. A. 26, Northbld-st 
Gibson J. Elswick- street 
Gibson Jane, Heron-street, 

Darn crook 
Gibson N. Trafalgar-street 
Gilchrist J. 34, Blenheim-st 
Glaholm Edward, 4, Pud- 
ding-chare 
Glover i^dary. North-terrace 
Gordon C. E. 168, Pilgrim st 
Gordon E. Greenhow-terrace, 

Elswick 
Gornal Ellen, Westmoreld-ln 
Gow Jane, Cut-bank 
Gowland J. 2, Bath-terrace 
Graham A. 71, Side 
Grabam Elizbth, 88, Percy-st 
Grab am M ary.Painter-heugh 
Gray Catherine, 44, Head of 

the Side 
Gray W. 46, Gibson-street 
Green J. Leazes-road 
Green W. Low Swinburne-pl 
Greener J. Milk Market 
Greener J. 73, Westgate-st 
Grieves Ehzabeth, ]71, Pil- 
grim-street 
Gustard E. Byker-bar 
Guthrie A. Carlton-street 
Hails H. 1, Bath-lane 
Hails W. jun. 1G9, Pilgrim- 
street, 25, Newgate-street, 
and Westgate-street 
Hall Ehzabeth (and hosier), 

13, George-street 
Hall G. Elswick East-ter 
Hall Grace, 6, Thornton-st 
Flail J. Temple- street 
Hall J. Ousehurn 
Hall William, Shield-street 
Hall W. 15, Marlborough-st 



Halllday G. West Hlnde-st 
Hammel P. Stock-bridge 
Harcus Mary, Cut-bank 
Harding E. 38, Trafalgar-st 
Harkus William, 12, Buck- 
ingham-street 
Harper Benj. Spital-tongues 
Harris G. 184, Pilgrim-st 
Harris Eobert, Silver-street 
Harrison H. 26, Butcher-bk 
Harrison Isabella, New-road 
Harrison J. Sandgate 
Harrison John, Manors 
HaiTison Matthew Erick-st 
Harrison Thomas, 17, High- 
bridge 
Harttree A. 2, Monk-street 
Hawksby Yf. Fligh-bridge 
Hay David, Adelaide-place 
Hay^ William, and baker, 

19, Arthurs-hill 
Hedley J. 2i, Hill-street 
Hedlev' J. Sandgate 
Hedley M. 14, Prudhoe-st 
Hedley T. Nelson-st. North- 
shore 
Hedley W. Stepney-bank 
Henderson G. 16, Gibson-st 
Henderson J. Abinger-street 
Heppell jMargt. Eailway-st 
Herdman W. 19, Nelson-st 
Heron Alice A. St. Peter's 
Hetherington Henrietta, 52, 

St. Nicholas' s-square 
Hetherington Jane, Brewery- 
bank, Ouseburn 
Hetherington Thos. Cavr-st 
Hill J. East Ballast-hills 
Hill J. Sandgate 
Hill Mary &, Isab. Morrison 
Cottages,Westmoreland-st 
Hills & Davidson, 79, West- 
gate-street 
Hill W. 170, Pilgrim-street 
Hind J. 16, Wellington-st 
Holt W. Thompson, Diana-st 
Honeyman J. 25, Nelson-st 
Hopper Jane, East Tyne-st 
HorsfieldAlex,Jesraond-vale 
Howard Ann, 11, Churchill-st 
Hudson G. 18, Cloth Market 
Hudspeth Cuthbert, Carlton- 
street 
Hudspeth Eleanor,St.Peter's 
Hagill Jane, Ingham-place 
Hume Elizb. 26, St. Mary's 
place, West, Northmbld.-st 



CLASSIFIED BIEECTORY. 



339 



Grocery & Provision Dealers 

Contmued, 
HumeEllen, Hd. ofGeorge-st 
"HumeE. B, NortliumberlcL-st 
Hunt H. 155, Pilgrim-street 
Hunter J. 39, Groat Market 
Hunter W. B^'ker-bar 
Huntley E. 1, Trafalgar-st 
Hutchinson G.120,Pilgrim-st 
Hutchinson J. 2, St.John's-ln 
Hutchinson T. 13, Welling- 
ton-terrace 
Innes W. 33, John-street 
Ii'eland S. 2, ElswickEast-ter 
Jameson J. 15, Percy-street 
Jeffery A. 20, Newgate-street 
Jefirey A. 17, Blenheim-st 
Jeffrey A. Churchbill-street 
Jeffrey J. 19, Churchbill-st 
Jeffrey J. Kent-street 
Jennings P. Sandgate 
Jess Charles, Pitt-street 
Jewett J. 6, East Clayton-st 
Jobson J. 23, Percy-street 
Johnson E. K. 6, Hinde-st 
Johnson Maiy, Byker-bank 
Johnstone Geo. Sandgate 
Johnstone J. Buckingham st 
Jopling T. 80, VVestgate-st 
Jones Jane, 38, Westgate-st 
Jordan Sarah, 168, Pilgrim- 
street 
Keil D. 7, Marlborough-st 
Kelly J. Waterloo-street 
Kenmir A. 48, Newgate-st 
Kilgour Sarah, Blandford-st 
Kirkup Sarah, Duke-street 
Lamb E. New-road 
Latimer John, Harle-street 
Latimore Mary, 7, Gallow-gt 
Laws J. Sandyford -lane 
Lawson B. Sandgate 
Lawson Frances, 7, Sunder- 

land-street 
Lawson J. H. Sandgate 
Leighton G. EastBallast-hls 
Leighton J, East Ballast-hls 
Lindsay J. Friars 
Lindsey E. Sandgate 
Linsley W. 171, Pilgrim-st 
Lisle E. Tyne-street 
Lister J. West Pitt-street 
Little James, Gallow-gate 
Little W. 32, High Friar-st 
Lockey J. 26 & 27, Blackett- 

street 
Lodge J. Canada-street 



Logan E, George- street 
Lowes J. Sandyford-lane 
Lowes Phillis, Byker-bar 
Lowes T. 14, Thornton-st 
Lowis W. 98, Percy-street 
Lumsdon Elizabeth, Head 

of Gallow-gate 
Luun, J. 73, Percy-street 
Maddison J. 22, Newgate-st 
Major Eobert, Ingham-place 
Makepeace G. Elswick-lane 
Mather Wm. Churchill-st 
Blathison Elizb. Gosforth-st 
Macuicol Jane, 36, Percy-st 
McGall M. Stock-bridge 
McCormick J. 21, Pudding-ch 
Mcintosh D. Baihff-gate 
McKenzie Margt. St. Peter's 
]May Edward, Gosforth-st 
Mein E. 16, Buckinghara-st 
Meldrum Elizb. Leazes-lane 
Mewers T. 45, Howard-street 
Mickle Ann, St. Peter's 
Milburn J. Carhol-street 
Milburn T. 1, Y/aterloo-st 
Miller E. Sandgate 
Miller J. Erick-street 
Miller J. 23, Marlborough-st 
Miller Sarah Lawson-street 
Mitchell Alez. Trafalgar-st 
Mitchell Mgt. 33,Butcher-bk 
Mitchell Thos. High-bridge 
IMitchison W. 30, Prudhoe-st 
Moffett J. 10, Westgate-st 
Mole M. Cut-bank 
MonkhouseJ. Maidenwalk -st 
Moore Ann, Buxton-street 
Murray H. Pandon 
Murray J. Byker-bank 
Murton E.40, ElswickE.ter 
I\iurton Isabella,Trafalgar-st 
Murton M. 35, Stowell-st 
Musgrove T. Dixon's-build- 

ings. High Pitt -street 
Nelles C. 34, Westgate-st 
Nelson J. (Chapel-lane 
Ness J. Wall-knoll 
Newton E. Sandgate 
Newton W. 6,Buckingham-st 
Nichol Isabella, Manor-chr 
Nicholson J. 51, Percy-street 
NicholsonMary,Sandyfrd.-pl 
Nicholson Sarah, 73, West- 
gate-street 
Nixon 1). 29, Prudlioe-street 
Ord John, 30, Bayley-street 
Ormstou Jane S. Wall-knoll 



OrmstonW. 33, Blandford- 

street, Westmoreland-st 
Oxnard E. Sunderland-st 
Paisley John, St. Anthony's 
Parker M. Sandgate 
Parkinson E. Elswick-lane 
Patterson L. 15, William-st 
Patterson T. Stepney-bank 
Pattison G. 6, Lisle-street 
Pattison J. New-road 
PattisonMthw. 48, Percy-st 
Pattison Snh. 3, Low Friar-st 
Peacock A. St. Nicholas's- sq 
Pearson G. Stepney 
Pearson M. Forth-st 
Peel George, Queen-st 
Pentland SusannahjSjHill-st 
Potter G. Westgate & Blen- 
heim-st 
Pigg John, 10, Bath-terrace 
Pringle J. 14, Plummer-st 
Pye George, Queen-st 
Pye E, Westgate-hill 
Eailson Jane, 20, George-st 
Eeay Jane, 29, Eailway-st 
Eeed Cath, 19, Low Friar-st 
Eeed J. Low Swinburne-pl 
Eeed Thos. 9, Cloth Market 
Eeid Ehzb. 38, Prudhoe-st 
EennieH. 10, West Bucking- 
ham-street 
Een wicks J. 6, Low Friar-st 
Eichardson J. Sandyford-ln 
Eidley J. Close 
Eidley T. Queen-st 
Eidley Wm. 26, Waterloo-st 
Eobertson Geo. Elswick-st 
EobertsonJane,27, North um- 

berland-st 
Eobinson Hugh, 36, New- 
gate-st 
Eobinson J, P. Pandon-bank 
Eobinson J. Butcher-bank 
Eobinson J. Sandgate 
Eobson G. 5, Buckiugham-st 
Eobson J. William-st 
Eobson Margt. Union Mill 
Eobson W. B. Sandgate 
Eobson W. E. 25, Mailbro'-st 
Eochester T. & Son, 95, 

Newgate-st 
Eoe J. 24, Head-of-tbe-Side 
Eow J. B. St. Mary-st. Sandgt 
Eoutledge E. Pioton-place 
Eowell J. 05, Pilgrim-st 
Eutherford W. Chapel-lane 
Eutland J. 1 3, Buckingham- st 



340 



NEWCASTLE-TJPON-TYNE 



Grocery & Provision Dealers 

Continued. 
Sadler C. Ousebum -bridge 
Sambridge Jas. & Sod, St. 

Anthony's 
Sanderson J. 164, Pilgrim-st 
Scott E. 14, Pudding-chare 
Scott T. 4, Edward-street 
Scott W. Cut-bank 
Senior Elizb. New-mills 
ShawHnh. 12,HighFriar-st 
ShawMargt. 21, Percy-street 
Shell Ann, 18G, Pilgrim-st 
Shield Margt. 52, StoweU-st 
Shippen S. Stock-bridge 
ShrellJohn, 13, Pudding-di 
Simpson J. Lawson-street, 

Byker-bar 
Simpson T. 26. Pudding-ch 
Simpson W. Westgate 
Simpson Wm. Newbigin, 

Buxton-street 
Sinclair A. East Ballast-hills 
Sloan David, Back-row 
Slow P. Blagdon-street 
Smart W, New-road 
Smirk T. Tyne-street 
Smith A, Back Trafalgar-st 
Smith J. Temple-street 
Smith T. Manor-chare and 

Quay-side 
Smith T. 39, Newgate-street 
Snaith Eobert, Back Tra- 
falgar-street 
Snowdon W. J. 2&3, Percy-st 
Spence G.Sunderland-street 
Spence J. Sandgate 
Spours E. Wesley -street 
Stafford John, OystersheH-ln 
Stephenson David, and plas- 
terer, 65, Elswick-street 
Stephenson M. J. St. Law- 
rence 
Sterling J. 51, Stowell-street 
Stewart Mary, Sandgate 
Stewart T. 61, Newgate-st 
Stobbs W. New-road 
Story Gr. 6, Waterloo -street 
Story J. Shield-street 
Storey S. Sutherland-street 
Strother Ebt. Spital-tongues 
Stuart Mary, 32, Hill-street 
Summerbell J. Sandgate 
Sutherland Angus, St. An- 
thony's 
Sutherland Joseph, WeHing- 
ton-terracQ 



Swanson D. 52, Newgate-st 
Swan Wm. 13, Blackett-st 
Tate Ann, 27, George-street 
Tate Elizabeth, Hanover-st 
Tate M. 61, Elswick-street 
Taylor Ann, 32, George-st 
Taylor Mary, 30, Prudhoe-st 
Taylor G. 6 & 7, Butcher-bk 
Telfer Adam, and poulterer, 

73, Westgate 
Tem]ole H. Denton-chare 
Temple J. Westgate -hill 
Thackray Mary Ann, Marl- 
borough-street 
Thirlwell Wm. Buckingham- 
street 
Thompson x\nn, Carlton-st 
Thompson Ehzabeth, B. 31, 

Shield-street 
Thompson G, 25, Gibson-st 
Thompson J. Eorth-banks 
Thompson J. J. Byker-bar 
Thompson E. Carliol-place 
Thompson E. Dog-bank 
Thornton T. St. Nicholas's-sq 
Tindell Joseph, 2, Gibson-st 
Todd W. 5, Hill-street 
Todd Eobert St. Anthony's 
Todd W. 21, Blandford-street 
Todd W. 7, Harle-street 
Toward Ann, North- shore 
TuUv Andrew, 8, Pitt-street 
Tweddell J. 14, Tindall st 
TweddeU Eobert, Byker-hill 
Tweedy J. Duke-street 
Usher & Elhot, Edward-st 
Usher G. Hedley-place 
Vasey W. Byker-bar 
Wailes Thos. 71, Els^\dck-st 
Wake T. 6, Wellington-st 
Wales T. 43, Gallow-gate 
Wales T. 50, Newgate-street 
Walker Elizb. East-parade 
Walker J. 170, Pilgrim-street 
WallaceCathrn. Manor-chare 
Walworth C. Sandyford-place 
Walworth J. 1, Copland-place 
Warburton W, Stepney-bank 
Ward E. Fenlde -street 
Ward Jane, 16, Stowell-sq 
Yv^ardlaw James, Yarmouth 
Flour Warehouse,32, Gib- 
son-street 
Watson Ehzb. Painter-heugh 
Watson G. 3, Elswick East- 
terrace 
Watson P. Blandford-street 



Watson Stephen, 1, Welling 

ton street 
Watson Wm. Carliol-square 
Watson T. Sandgate 
Watt John ( and Branch Post- 

Office), Argyle-street 
Watt W. Gosforth-street 
Waugh T. 6, Pudding-ch ai-e 
West Mary Ann, 14, Wel- 
lington-street 
Wharrier E. 52, High-bridge 
Whitehead Frances, Manors 
Whitfield M.Elswick East-ter 
Wilde Thos. High-bridge 
Wilkie T. Sandgate 
Wilkinson J. Clarence-street 
Wilkinson Sarah, St. Peter's 
Wilks C. 34, Gibson-street 
Williamson J. Pandon-bank 
Wilson A. 61, Northumber- 
land-street 
Wilson W. St. Peter's 
Woodger H. 35, Newgate-st 
Wright James, 22, Welling- 
ton-street 
Wright J. Marlborough-pl 
Wright W. Byker-bank 
Wroe James, 45, Side 
Young E. Butcher-bank 
Young J. & Co. 22, Nun-st 
Younghusband J. 101,Percy- 

street 
Young John, St. Peter's 
Young Matthew, 23,Westgate 

Gun Makers 
Bumand E. Ill, Pilgrim- 
street 
Davison W. 113, Pilgrim-st 
Watson T. P. 26, Prudhoe-st 

Gutta Perclia Merchants 

Angus G. & vulcanised India 
rubber. 36, Grey-street 

Taylor G. G. 13, Dean-street, 
and 6, Gosforth-street 

Taylor J. 48, Sandhill 

Hair Dressers 
Atkinson Wilham, 6, New-st 
Ayre James, Causey-bank 
Ayre E. Sandgate 
Bell J. Fenkle-street 
Binns T. 20, Nelson-street 
Black W. Carliol-square 
Bramley G. 1, Waterloo-st 
Chapman E. 5, Close 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTOEY. 



841 



Hair Tite&seT&— Continued, 
Collinson H. 75, Quay 
CoUinson J. New-road 
Dale L. Side 

Dewar J. 131, Pilgrim-street 
Duncan William, Westgate 
Finlay Thomas, Nun's-gate 
Gledson W. 73, Northumber- 
land-street 
Graham J. 63^ Close 
Groves E. St. Peter's 
Hall G. 66, Northbld-street 
Hogarth Thomas, Ousebm-n 

bridge 
Hutton A. 40, Newgate-street 
Johnson J. Hanover -street 
Kerr J. 163, Pilgrim-street 
Livingston A. Stock-bridge 
Livingstone E. Milk Market 
Lowes Charles, Sandgate 
Lowes Chas. 23, Pudding-ch 
Lowes J, Queen-street 
Maule J, 10, Darncrook 
Nay lor A. 61, Quay 
Newton W. 37, Collingwd-st 
Nixon J. 15, Union-street 
Oxnard T. 4, Marlborough-st 
Parsons E. 10, Mosley-street 
Petrie W. 28, Market-street 
Pdchardson T. 24, Pilgrim-st 
ichardson T. 7' 
berland-street 
Rougier J. 10, Grey-street, 

and 17, Market-street 
Stephenson Edwd. Stock-brg 
Stewart W. 41, Head of Side 
Stringer T. Folly 
Sutherland A. W. 34, Grey-st 
Tate C. Westgate-hill 
Thompson J, Arcade 
Thompson E. 9, Percv-street 
Todd I. H. 33, Groat Market 

and Bigg Market 
Tonar J. Forth-place 
TurnbuU G. 31, Westgate 
Vardy W. 9, Butcher-bank 
Vost T. Cut-bank 
Watson N. E. P. Blandford-st 
Wilde G. 56, Close 
Wilson B. 6, Cloth Market 
Wilson J. 1, Westgate 



Hatters 

Auld W. H. 34, Mosley-st 
Bates N. St. Nicholas's ch-yd 
Brooks E. 2, Nun-street 
Brown E. B. 50, Grainger-st 
Buckham and Grey, and 

hosiers, 49, Grey-street 
Casril and Vickrey, 109, Side 
Cochrane & Carse, and cap, . 
18, Mosley-street, and 11, 
Grainger-street 
Dennis & Gillet, 81, Grey-st 
Feench Hat Company, 
corner of Nev/gate-st and 
West Clayton-street 
Henderson W. 48, West Clay- 
ton-street 
Hetherington C. 24, Groat 

Market 
Hetherington J. 126, Pil- 
grim-street 
Kent J. H. 28, Mosley-street 
Kent E. 40, Collingwood-st 
Millar J. Brothers, 1, Grey-st 
Peel W. & Son, 6, Dean-st 
Eobson, J. 63, Grainger-st 
Steven J. 67, Grey-Street 
Todd J. 50, Groat Market 
Turnbull W. 24, Grey-street 
Wilson E. &Son,ll,Market-st 

and Orchard-street 
Young J. 94, Side 

Hemp Merchants 

Murdock E. 69, Quay 
Preston J. 38, Side 
Proctor W. B. & Co. 17, 
Sandhill 

Herbalists 
Austin J. Low-bridge 
Imrie D. Hanover- street 
Sewell W. J. 5, High-bridge 
Thomas J. Hinde-street 
Wood J. 16, Trafalgar-street 

Hosiers and Haberdashers 

See also Drapers. 
Allan Mary, 31, Sandhill 
Atkinson E. 72, West Clay- 
ton-stre(t;t 



Binks and Black, Head of 

the Side 
Boe G. C. Eavensworth-ter 
Bone J. 94,W. Clayton-street 
Brown G. 45, Pilgrim-street 
Buckham & Grey, and shirt- 
makers, 50 & 51, Pilgrim- 
st, &49, Grey-street 
Carr T. 59, Groat Market 
Clark Ann, 16, Bigg Market 
Corbett J. 2, Grey-street 
Corbett J. 1, Mosley-street 
Coulthard Mary ,23,Union-st 
DeanW. M. &Co. 45, Dean-st 
Fawcus W. Elswick-lane 
Gibson J. 30, Grey-street, & 

28, East Clayton-street 
Grey MaryAnnj59,Pilgrim-st 
Hall Elizb. 13, George-street 
Haver W. 93,West Clayton-st 
Hill & Drury, 18, Dean-st 
Jobling Margaret, 4, Side 
Johnson Elizabeth, 1, Cot- 

tenham-street 
McKayT.C.&J.jun.24,Sandhl 
Middleton Margt. Westgate 
Millburn J. 110 & 111, Side 
Morrison W. 1, Grainger-st. 

and 2, Blackett-street 
Pigdon T. W. 32, Newgate-st 
Potts T.A.90,West Clayton-st 
Pringle John, Gallow-gate 
Eobison Mary, 4, North- 
umberland-street 
Selkirk & Bell, 23,Blackett-st 
Sinclair H. 2, Hinde-street 
Small Hannah, 30, Sandhill 
Smith F. 39, Gallow-gate 
Spence J. 80, Pilgrim-street 
Stratford Mary,179,Pilgrm-st 
Thompson M. Elswick-lane 
Thompson Susannah, Pink-' 

lane 
Thwaites Elizab. Shield-st 
White Margt. 11, Grey-street 
Wilkie J. 26, Dean-street 
Wilson & Sons, 36, Dean-st 

Ink Manufacturer 
Forrest Joseph, and blacking, 
Orchard street 



343 



NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE 



HOTELS, INNS, AND TAVERNS. 
See also Beerhouses. 



Aberdeen Arms, Ann Wilson, 27, Broacl-cli 
Adelaide Hotel, Michael Blakey, 16, New- 
gate-street 
Admiral Duncan, J. Bowmaker, 8, Cowgate 
Adrian Head, Charles Hodgson, Elswick-ln 
Albert House, E. M. Rycroft,181, Pilgrim-st 
Albion, Joseph. Grantham, and bnilder. 

New Eoad 
Albion, Mary Tate, Nelsou-st. Northshore 
Albion, E. Greenwell, 93, Newgate-street 
Albion, R. Slater, Leazes-lane 
Almvick House, Yf . Dixon, Cloth Marliet 
American Coffee House & Tavern, G. Luke, 

22, Gibson-street 
Anchor, W. Boyle, Sandgate 
Angel, J. Charlton, 2, Butcher-hank 
Aquatic House, M. Taylor, Gosforth-street 
Assembly Rooms, T. Haigh, Westgate-street 
Bacchus, W. Clark, 49, Nev/gate-street 
Balmoral Inn, Matthew Worley, 25,Arthur's- 

hill 
Bakers' & Breivers' Arms, W. Eeed, Stoweli- 

square 
Barley Mow <£; Sailors' Boarding House, 

Robert Pescock, Milk Market, Sandgate 
Barras Bridge Hotel, T. Hirst, 1, Jesmond- 

terrace 
Bath Hotel d) Public Baths, W. Wrightson, 

37, Scotswood-road 
Battery Inn, J. Aynsley, Forth-street 
Bay Horse, G. Mackey, Byker bar 
Bay Horse, J. Cunningham, Head of Gal- 
low-gate 
Bay Horse, Margaret Cook, Arthur's-hill 
Beehive, Euphins Brown, 43, Yilla-place 
Beehive, T. Grearson, 14, Union-street 
Beehive, Cuthbert Brown, 74, Close 
BelVs Arms, J. Thirlwell, 5, High Friar-st 
Bird-in-Bush, J, Henderson, 25, Pilgrim-st 
Blach Boy, H. Hart, Byker-bar 
Black Boy, J. Dunn, 54, Groat Market 
Black Boy, Thomas Starth, Spital-tongues 
Black Bull, C. Graham, Forth-banks 
Black Bull, M. Hoy/ey, Todd's-nook 
Black Bull Inn, Robert Beil, 4 & 6, YioXev- 

loo-street 
Black Bull, W. Dryden, 9, Union-street & 

High- bridge 
Black Bull, T. Bell, Westgate 
Black Bull's Head, Margaret Common, 72, 

Westgate- street 
Black House, W. TurnbuU, 72, Pilgrim-st 
Black Sxvan, Edw. Spence, 69, Westgate-st 
Black Swan, T. Dickson, East Clayton-st 



Blackett Arms, Margt Turner, 24, NTelson-st 
Blenheim House, Jane Muers, Marlbro'-st 
Blue Bell, Willliam Robinson, Cut-bank 
Blue Bell, Robert Minto, Byker 
Blue Bell, Robert Stonebank, Byker-hill 
Blue Bell, Richd Wardle, Jesmond-vale 
Blue Bell, J. Sayer, St. Nicholas's-square 
Blue Bell, G. Dixon, St. Mary's-street 
Blue Bell, James Smith, Grin ding- chare, 

Quay-side 
Blue Jug, J. Reed, Close 
Blue Posts, Elnr. Harrison, 153, Pilgrim-st 
Boafs Head, James Candlish, Westgate 
Boat, T. Graham, Ouse-street 
Brandling Arms, Ehzab. Robinson, Brand- 
ling-village 
Brandy Butt, F. Gribbin, 13, Side 
Bricklayers' Arms, J. Greenwell, 7, Buck- 
in gham-sti-eet 
Bricklayers' Arms, Edward Rochester, Step- 
ney-bank 
Bridge, G. Hogg, 10, Quay 
Britannia, E. Marshall, Churchill-street 
Brown Jug, G. Hind, Forth-banks 
Brown Jug, John Carr, and brewer, Step- 
ney-bank 
Burns Tauej'n, H. Devlin,40,Head of the Side 
Burns Tavern, W. Dixon, Spicer-lane 
Bidl and Mouth, Ralph Daiiing, Newgate-st 
Burnt House, J. Banks, 29, Side 
Burton Arms, T. James, 1, Croft-street 
Butchers' Arms, G. Redshaw, Butcher-bank 
Butchers' Arms, J. Dickson, 4, Nun-street 
Butchers' Amis, J. Fen wick, New-road 
Butchers' Arms, E. Best, Waterloo-street 
Cannon, Joshua Proud, Close 
Carlisle House, J. E. Nelson, Leazes-lane 
Carpenters^ Toioer, T. Stuart, Causey-bank 
Castle, Edward Kirkley, Castle-garth 
Cattle Market Inn, Jane Barron, Forth -pi 
Central Exchange and Neios Room, Roger- 
son & Hardy, 35, Grey-street 
Central Station Hotel, Breach & Jeffrey, 
and refreshment rooms, Central Station, 
Neville-street 
Chancellors' Head, W. Caisson, 38, New- 
gate-street 
Charles XII, J. Rowell, 2, Tyne-bridge-end 
Clark Mary, St, Nicholas's-church-yard 
Cleveland Arms, J. Lawson, Manor-street 
Club House, W. Rutherford, Eldon-square 
Coach and Horses, A. Hart, 23, Blenheira-st 
Coach and Horses, Leonard Hodgson, 12, 



J 



CLASSIFIED DIEECTORt. 



343 



Coch, T. Greener, Denton- chare 

Cock and Anchor, W. Bearup, 79, Percy-st 

CoUingicood Arms, J. Johnson, Brandling 

Village 
ColUngwood, I. Eeay, 35, Pndding-chare 
Colonel Tarlton, N. W. Tinkler, Clarence-st 
Commercial Hotel, George Milburn, 13, 

Clayton-street VS^est 
Commercial Hotel, W. Cameron, 35-6 

Grainger-street 
Cookson's Arms, J. Thompson, Hanover-st 
Cookson's Arms, T. Mewers, Arthur's-hill 
Corn Exchange, J. Colpitis, 10, Cloth Mkt 
Corn Market Tavern, P.Quin, St.Nicholas's- 

sqnare 
Cradle Well, William Pringle, Minories 
Cricketers' Arms, Thomas Hewson Horn, 

Gallowgate 
Crooked Billet, W. Ptamsay, Elswick 
Croft Tavern, J. Co well, 2, Croft street 
Cross Keys, ^Y. Pearson, Sandgate 
Cross Keys, M. A. Watson, Head of the Side 
Croion, Margaret Eipley, Manor-chare 
Croion, John Johson, 30, Westgate 
Crown, G. Elhott, 8, Westgate-street 
Croion and Thistle, E. Piogerson, 56, Groat 

Market 
Crown and Thistle, J. BroT;vn, Bnxton-street 
Croiv's Nest, J. Richardson, 66, Percy-street 
Crystal Fountain, Y\\ McGregor, Fenkle-st 
Crystal Palace Hotel, Lnke Haslam, Albert- 
terrace, George street 
Cumherland House, John Fairlamb, Peel-st 
Cumberland House, B. Mc.Aleenan, West- 
gate-street 
Dodd's Arms, M. Nicholson, West Parade 
Dog, C. Dugan, St. Peter's 
Dog and Pheasant, Lawrence Mackey, and 
common brewer, 20, East Clayton-street; 
brewery, Arthm^'s-hill 
Ducroio, W. H. Atkins, Shakspeare street, 

and High-bridge 
Duke of Ar gyle, H, Watt, Argyle-street 
Duke of Buckingham, A. Bmnip, Bucking- 
ham-street 
Duke of Cambridge, T. Towns, Duke-street 
Duke of Cumherland, W. Mc.Call, 11, Close 
Duke of Northumberland, Frances Elliott, 

Carliol-square 
Diike of Northumberland, E. Scott, 103, 

East Clayton-street 
Duke of Wellington, E. B. Atkinson, Carliol- 
square 
Duke of Wellington, J. Charlton, 4, Drury In 
Duke of York, jane Ormston, Stock-bridge 
Duke of York, A. Sinclair, East Ballast-hls 
Dun Co%v, J. B. Ward, Back Eldon-st 



Dun Cow, W. Teasdale, Grinding-ch. Quay 
Durham House, J. Colpitts, Cloth Market 
Durham Ox, F. Coxon, Cattle Market 
Eagle Tavern, J. Hodgson, Diana-street 
Earl of Durham, J. Scott, 11, MarlboroTigh- 

crescent 
Eai'l of Durham, W. Campbell, 9, Pilgrim-st 
Earl Grey, W, Hood, Pallister's chr. Quay 
Earl of Westmoreland, J. Eidley, West- 
moreland-street 
Edinburgh House, J. Aitchison & Co. 19, 

East Clayton-street 
Egypt Cottage, J. Taylor, Egypt, New-road 
Eldon Arms, T. Taylor, 54, Blackett-street 
Elephant (& Castle, J. Cole, 8, Low Friar- fit 
Elephant and Fish, M. Gardner, 3, Sandhill 
Elsicick House Inn, Thomas Paisley, 10, 

Hinde-street, Scotswood-road 
Engine Inn, Mary Crawford, St. Peter's 
Farmers' Inn, Margaret Morrow, George-st 
Farmers' Rest, J, Bell, 51, Percy-street 
Ferry Boat, J. Oswald, Dent's-hole 
Fighting Cocks, E. Heron, Bigg Market 
Fighting Cocks, W. Shanks, E. Ballast hills 
Fleece Inn, Charles Callcott, 1, Derwent- 

place. Cattle Market 
Flying Horse, Jane Mills, 36, Groat Market 
Foresters' Arms, E. Wyh m, 1, WeUington-st 
Fox and Lamb, Geo. West, 161, Pilgrim-st 
Fox Hounds, Brnrd. Mc.WiUiams, Byker-h^ 
Gardeners' Arms, Wm. Barber, Nelson-st 
Gardeners' Arms,T. Pleppell, 7, High-bridge 
Garrick's Head, C. Curry, 24, Cloth Market 
Gate Tavern, Margt.Ciementson, New Quay 
George I. John Winter, 10, George-street 
George and Dra^on,E. Moore, St. Anthony's 
George and Dragon, T. Winship, Forih-bnks 
General Moore, Eebecca Hardy, 12, Spring 

Garden-terrace 
General Wolfe, W. Scarlett, Canada-street 
George Inn, commercial, family, & posting ; 

H. J. B. Carmon, 139, Pilgrim-st 
George IV, Elizabeth Orpeth, 34, Close 
Glassmakers' Arms, Elzb. Joblin<jf, St. Peter's 
Glengarry Ai'ms, E. Whitfield, Folly 
Globe, Wilham Aitkin, 88, West Clayton-st 
^Globe, John Liddell, Buxton-street 
Globe, George Linton, Wesley-street 
Globe, Eleanor Morrison, Eosemary-lane 
Gloucester Inn, Clement Tate, 12, AYest- 

gate-street 
Goat, John Moore, Arthur's-hill 
Golden Anchor, W. Baty, Griuding-chr. Quay 
Golden Lion, J. Ayre, 7, Broad-cliare 
Golden Lion, J. Crone, Tyne-street 
Golden Lion, W. Smith, il, Bigg INIai-ket 
Golden Tiger^ M. Heslop, 143, Pilgrim-st 



344 



KEWCASTLE-UPOK-TtNE 



Goods Station, Elizb. Pearson, Trafalgar-st 
Gosforth Inn, Dinali Hudspeth, Gosforth-st 
Grainger Hotel, commercial, T. Foreman, 

51, G-rainger-street 
Grapes, James Eeed, Jesmond Gardens 
Grapes, John Eichardson, Elswick 
Grapes, J. Yazey, 25, Side 
Green Tree Inn, Thomas Hemsley, and 

hroTv-er, Scotswood-road 
Green Tree, Margt. Graham, 17, Prudhoe-st 
Green Tree, Margt. Bm>n, 17, E. Ballast-hills 
Grey Bull Inn, Merrington John Moore, 
31, Westmoreland-street, and SO, Bland- 
ford-street 
Grey Bull, Prudence BCackworth, CoTrgate 
Grey Horse, J. Pearson, Go, Quay 
Greyhound, W. D. Brown, Spring Garden- 
lane, High Pitt-street 
HaIf2Ioon, JohnH.Hedley, 3, Bigg Market 
Half Moon, E. jIuiTay, Byker-bank 
Half Moon, John Brown, Swirle, North- 
shore 
Half Moon, Jas. Anderson, Moslem-street, 

and St. Nicholas's-church-yard 
Hare and Hounds, Jos. Eohson, St. Peter's 
Hay Blarket, M. Maughan, 74, Percy-street 
Harp, Erancis McWilliams, Iving-street 
Hedley Arms, J. Harding, Oyster-shell-lane 

and Hedley-street 
Hexham House, Geo. C. Geldard, Forth-pl 
Hz&enzf a Tare?-??, E. McWilliams, ll,Kiug-st 
High Barlej Mow, D. Sutherland, Xew-rd 
Highlander, Erancis Craig, Pandon 
High Level Bridge, "W. Eenshaw, Queen-st 
Hodgson's Arms, J. Turpin, Liverpool-street 
Hodgson's Arms, George Bamhng, Seam-st 
Hole-in-Wall, An(\xe\\ MulHn, Stock-bridge 
Hope and Anchor, John AUison, Byker-hill 
Hope and Anchor, Cath. Spraggon, Eorth-st 
Hope and Anchor, T. Grundon, Clarence-st 
Howard Arms, Elizb. Pearson, Howard-st 
Ivy House, Yf alter Dodd, Stepney-field 
Jacli Tar, T. Gamsby, Kew-quay 
Jesmond Field House, J. Middleton, Jes- 

mond-field 
Joiners' Arms, Maiy Atkinson, 28, Percy-st 
Joiners' Arms, John Chubb, Gibson-street 
Joiners'' Arms, T. Carr, Arthur's-hill 
King's Head, A. W. Dinning, Blackett-street 

and Percy- street 
King's Head, J. Leithead, St. Anthony's 
King's Head, Michael Ford, T>rarlborough-st 
Lamb, E. Grundon, Tyne-sti^eet 
Lambert's Leap, E. A. Osten, Sandyford-ln 
Leazes Tavern, J.Taylor, 29,Crescent-place 
Lion and Lamb, Susan Cleland, 44, New- 
gate-sti-eet 



Locomotive Inn, George Wilkinson, 17 and 
20, Westmoreland-street, and 57, Blen- 
heim-street 
Locomotive Inn, John Wilson, Eailway-st 
Locomotive, Ealph Denton, Postern 
London Tavern, W. Storey, Gibson-street 

and New-road 
Loraine Arms, T. Crawford, Ouseburn 
Lord Collingwood, T. Wilson, 18, High-brdg 
Lord Collingwood, Yulliam Taylor, East 

Clayton-street 
Lord Hill, Thomas Cockburn, Pitt-street 

and Spring Garden-terrace 
Lord Nelson, A. Simpson, Sandgate 
Lord A'eZson, Edward Lowes, Colvin's-chare 
Lord ive /so ?2,YulliamDrydenEast Ballast- hi 
Lord Nelson, G. Hall, Trafalgar-street 
Lo7-d Stowell, John Foreman, 3, Nelson-st 
Low Crane, E. T. Allan, -43, Quay 
Lowther Inn, G. Hudson, 24, Bigg Market 
Mansion House J. Bell, Close 
Marlborough Inn, John Common, 22, Marl- 
borough-street 
Marquis of Blandford, Elizabeth Hutchin- 
son, 1, Blandford-street, Westgate 
Marquis of Granbj, Ann Henderson, 10, 

Dog-bank 
Masons^ Arms,!). Mackenzie, 51, Newgate-st 
Masons' Arms, J. Dodds, 16, Y^est Bucking- 
ham-street 
Masons' Arms, J. Slater, Cut bank 
3Ia sons' Arms, Y^m . F orth er gill , Ar thm-' s -hill 
Meters' Arms, J. Archer, Love-lane, Quay 
Meters' Arms, E. Fulton, 5, Butcher-bank 
Meters' Arms, Jolm Scott, St. Ann's-street 
Mill House, Y''illiam Hutchinson, Spital 

Tongues 
Mile Stone, Jas. Henderson, North Elswick 
Nag^s Head, Eobt. Spence, 20, Cloth Market 
Nag's Head, Thomas Scott, St. Ann's street 
Nag's Head, G. Halliday, 20, Nun-street 
Nag's Head,'Frances Perry, 37, Butcher-bk 
NapoleonJe-Grand, Y''. Potts, 32, Butcher- 
bank 
Neville Hotel, George Young, oiDposite the 

Central Station, Neville-street 
New Bridge, D. Hay, Argyle-street 
Newcastle Arms, B. Lumsdon, Lime-street 
Neiccastle Arms, J. Gilroy, Carliol- square 
' 2\"ezfcflsi/(3^rws,J.H. Shepherd, Darncrook 
Newcastle Tavern, "W. Ylnter, 35, Butcher- 
bank 
Neio Dolphin, T. Hornsby, 41, Close 
New Flax Mill, P. Mulhn, Ousebm-n 
New Hawh, T. Baird, Ouseburn-bridge 
New Market Hotel, Hannah Wallace, Nel- 
son-street 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY. 



845 



Neio Quay Hotel, T. Wood, New-quay 
New Raihcay Inn, J. Cairns, Carliol-place 
Norfolk Hero, Elizabeth Salmon, Colvin's- 

chare, Quay 
North Terrace Hotel, W. Crawhall, North- 
terrace 
Northumberland Arms, T. Davison, 11, 

"William-street 
Northumberland Arms, J. Harding, Pru- 

dhoe-street 
Northumberland Arms, E. Braid, Heron-st. 

Darn crook 
Northumherland Cricket Club, J. Bousefield, 

Bath-road 
OakLeaf, G. T. Moat, 67, Northumherhid-st 
Old Beehive, M. Aisbitt, 34, Sandhill 
Old Custom House, E. Wylam & Co. 77, Quay 
Old Dolphin, John Hall, and carpenter, 

37, Close 
Old Duke of Cumberland, John Urwin, 

Queen-street 
Old George, J. Stappard, B, Union-street 
Old Hawk, A. Evles, Ouseburn-bridge 
Old Market Hotel, G-. Hazen, Old Market-In 
Old Nag's Head, Algernon Akenhead, 20, 

Cloth Market 
Old Pack Horse, W. Mossman, 150, Til- 

grim-street 
Old Plough, W. B. Manners, 10, Bigg Mkt. 
Old Queen's Head, William Bowling, 158, 

Pilgrim-street 
Old RobinHood, A. Edmond, 27, Pilgrim-st 
OrcZnawce^nnSjT. &W.Bulmer,Gallovv-gate, 
Ouseburn Viaduct, J. W. Storey, Lawson-st 
Painters' Arms, Wm. Hackworth, Lisle-st 
Percy Arins, Anne Maria Horn, Percy-st 
Phoenix Inn, D. McGregor, 23, Newgate-st 
Phoenix, Nicholas Carr, Brewery-bank 
Pz'c Mcrai;ern,Thos.Davison,Cottenham-st 
Pine Apple, J. Parker, 14, Nun-street 
Pine Apple, William Crawford, and joiner 

and cabinet maker, 47, Westgate 
Plough Inn, John Thompson, Pitt-street 
Plough, A. Deas, Manor-chare 
Plough, J. Donkin, 72, Percy-street 
Plough, S. Acaster, Spicer-lane 
Plough, Gr. Penny, Byker-bar 
Plummer's Arms, G. Hall, Ouse-street 
Portland Arms, C. Eord, Milk Market 
Prince of Orange, Mary Gray, 9, Side 
Princess Royal, George Story, Jesmond-vale 
Prince of Wales, J. Henderson, 17. Wel- 
lington-street 
Prussian Arms, T.Dixon, 62, Quay 
Prudhoe CasiZe, John Doughty, Carliol-st 
Punch Bowl, Martha Major, Minories 
Queen^s Head, Wm. Hedworth, Close 



Queen's Head, F. Murray, Gallow-gate 
Queen's Head, commercial and posting, W. 

Miller, 71, Grey-street and 137 and 138, 

Pilgrim -street 
Queen's Head, Margaret Atkinson, Lawson- 

street, Byker-bar 
Queen's Hotel, Isabella Joyce, 20, West 

Clayton-street 
Queen Victoria, Elizabeth Boldon, Blen- 
heim-street, Sunderland-street 
Railway Arcade HoteZ, Joseph Beardsmore, 

opposite the Central Station, Neville-st 

and Westgate-street 
Raihvay Inn, JamesWardlaw, Eidley-villas 
Raihvay Tavern, E. Thompson, 7, Pan- 

dou-bank 
RailwayHotel, J. Wightman, Carliol-square 
Ravensioorth Arms, J. Eeay, Sandgate 
Red Lion, Mary Stokoe, St. Lawrence 
Red Bull, Eobert Dixon, Byker-hill 
Ridley Arms, E. Newton, Pilgrim-street 
Ridley Arms, A. Nichol, Eidley street 
Rising Sun, Margaret Swallow, 55, Quay 
Ropers' Arms, William E. Humphrey, and 

timber measurer and scriever. Nelson- 
street, North-shore 
Rose and Croiun, W. Carter, 30, Bigg Mrkt 
Rose and Croton, J. Latty, New-road 
Rose and Crown, P. Coatsworth, East 

Ballast-hills 
Rose, Mary Ann Parratt, 31, Pudding-chare 
Ropery Banks Hotel, Eobert Speedy, St. 

Ann's-street, Sandgate 
Royal ExchangeHotel,covcvmexQ\dl, Eleanor 

Archbold, 2 and 3, Hood-street 
Royal Hotel,T. Thompson, 32, Grainger-st 
Royal Hotel, James Cooper, Melbourne-st 
Royal Oak, J. Marley, Back Eldon-street 
Royal Oak, E. T. Atkin, Back Eow and 

Bailiff-gate 
Royal Oak, Ann Adams, St, Lawrence 
Royal Oak, W. Bennet, St, Anthony's 
Royal Sovereign, Margaret Nicholson, 

Cut-bank 
Royal Standard, Eobert Wilson, Byker-hill 
Royal Turf Hotel, W. Brown, 26, CoUing- 

wood-street 
Sadler's WeUs, Geo, Pringle, Low Friar-st 
Sailors' Home, John Livingston, Tyne-st 
Salutation Inn, J. Gray, 14, Westgate-st 
Scotch Arms, J, Scott, 7, Quay. 
Scotch Arms, E. Ogilvie, Bigg Market 
Seven Stars, Elizabeth Outhwaite, Pandon 
Shakspeare, T. Gorringe, 53, Grey-street, 

and Shakspeare-street 
She2)Jierd, E. Paltou, 10, ]MiH-lboroiigh-cres 
SlUeldfcld House, Sai'ah Brewis, Shield-st 



346 



NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE 



Ship, M. Carr, Spicer-lane, Quay-side 
Shi}), Mai'gerT Can-, St. Peter's 
Ship, Margaret Oats, Spicer-lane, Quay 
Ship, M.Yrilliam, York-st. Eastl^aUast-hills 
Ship, MaryTate,Nelson-street, North-shore 
Ship. J. Spence, Milk Market 
Ship, Ann Pearson, Sandgate 
Ship, M. Taylor, Stepnev-bank 
Ship, Thomas Paissell, St. Peter's 
Ship, T. Gri£Bths, St. Anthony's 
Ship Tavern,Yi. Lowes, York-street, Ballast- 
hills 
Shipivrights'' Arms, J. Smith, St. Peter's 
Shipwrights' Arms, Ouse-street, unoccupied 
Sir Bohert Peel, Mary Ann McGraith, 

Tyne-street 
Sir Wm. Wallace, W. Clark, 4?, Stowell-st 
Smiths' Arms, E. Armitage, 6, Prudhoe-st 
Stag, Yfm. Johnson, 43, Percy-street 
Star, Ann iNevison, 5, Northumberland-st 
Spital l7in,J. Tate, Ne^ille-sti'eet 
Star, W. Cres^ell, Byker-bank 
Star arid Garter, John Eobson, East Clay- 
ton-street 
Steam 5onf,J,Mc Williams, East Ballast-hls 
Steam Boat, E. Bagnall,Eolly 
Steam Boat, E. C. Moor, St. Mary's-street 
Steam Boat, E. Pattison, 3, Quay 
Steam Engine, Mary Crawford, St. Peters 
Stone Cellars, Eobert Palmer, St.Lawi'ence 
Sun, G. Johnson, Byker-bank 
Sun, E. Ernmerson, 94, Kewgate-street 
Sun, J. Gray, Clarence-street 
Siai, M. Bailes, 37, Gibson-street 
Sun, T. F. Davidson, 59. Quay 
Sun, Mary Welch, 79, Side 
Sun, William Mason, Sandgate 
SunderlandHouse, Eobt. Curry,27,Qua3'-sid8 
Talbot Inn, John Eitchie, 74, Westgate-st 
Tankervillle Arms, Isab, Dixon, 1, Diana-st 
Tanners' Arms, Y". Stobbs. Stepney-bank 
Telegraph, J. Morrison, Orchard street 
Thornton Arms, T, Lowes. Thornton-street j 
Thornton-street Hotel, J, Holmes, Thorn- 
ton-street 
Three Bulls' Beads, Elizabeth Hedley, 96, 

Percy -street 
Three Bulls' Heads, Eichard Heron, Milk 

Market, Sandgate 
Three Bulls' Heads, E. Japp, Castle- garth, 
Thi'ee Indian Kings, E. Blagburn, Three 
Indian Kings-coui't, Quay 



Three Jolly Sailors, Y\ Marr, and ^•iolin 

maker, Sandgate 
Three Tuns, Mary Ann Gillis, 71,Newcrate-st 
Three Tuns, P. ^^ilanly, St. Mary's-street 
The Times, James Gardiner, Westgate-hill 
Three Crowns, Jane Cowan and Co, 16, 

Buxton-street 
Tiger, L. Tulip, Close 
T7-ai;e/Zers'J?esf,Eobt. Kitchen, Jesmond-vale 
Turk's Head, commercial and posting, J. 

Brodie, Grey-street 
Turk's Head, Thos. Lawson, 14, Qua3''-side 
Two Bulls' Heads, J. Lynn, 6, Black-gate, 

Castle-garth 
Tyne Bridge Inn. T. Temperley, Bridge-end 
Unicorn, Eacliael Dixon, 40, Bigg Market 
Union, J. H. Eobeitson, Stock- bridge 
Union Tavern, J. Eoe, 42, Head of the Side 
Union Vaults, Geo. Cook, Dog-leap-stairs 
Victoria Hotel, Y^'m. Wilkinson, 79, New- 
gate-street 
Waggon, Y'illiam Hall, and fire brick manu- 
facturer, 42, Close 
Tr^aterloo, John Jobson, Bath-lane 
Weavers' Arms, W. Binney^ New Pandon-st 
Wellington Hotel, Eobert Carson, CoUing- 

"wood-street 
Westgate Tavern, Elizabeth Thompson, 01, 

Y/est Clayton-street 
Wheat Sheaf, J. Anderson, 2, Y"aterloo-st 
Wheat Sheaf, G. Hudson, 6, Bigg Market 
Wheat Sheaf, G. Pescod, St. Peter's 
Wheat Sheaf, J. Balmbra, 3 and 4, Cloth 

Market 
Wheat Sheaf Ealph Allison and provision 

dealer. Lime-street 
Wheat Sheaf, B. Brewis, Gallow-gate 
Whitby Anns, J. Halland, 28, Broad-chare 
White Hart A. Joel. 7, Cloth IMarket 
White Horse, B. Burn, Groat Market 
White House, Thomas Murray, 86, Pilgrim- 
street 
White House, M. Collinson, St. Mary's-st 
White Swan, E. Eowe, 17, Cloth Market 
White Swan, M. Cany, St. Mary's-street 
William IV. John Tweedy, Y'es'tgate-hill 
William IV. Maiy Ann"^ Nonis, YlUiam- 

street, St. Peter's 
William IV. Michael Carter, 3, Bell's-court 
Woolpack, Ann Brown, Marlborough-cres. 
Yarmouth Arms, Thomas Clemmy, St. 
Peter's 



Beerhouses 
AUcroft E. Smiths' Arms, 

Edward-street 
Atkinson Ann, HighEriar-st 



Atkinson John, 57, Bland- 
ford-street 

Aitchison John & Co. 
East Clayton-street 



19, 



Barron D. 15, High-bridge 
Bagnall Eobert, Eolly 
BaiTox David, 16,High-brdg 
Bayes Yratson, 7, High-brdg 



CLASSIFIiSB DlEECtOiiY. 



347 



Beerhouses— Co?ifo'wwe(?. 
Bell Maiy, Spring-street 
Bell T. Railway-street 
Bell W. Seam-street 
Bellwood John, Spring-street 
Bennett J. Wellingtou-st 
Bennett Wm. St. Anthony's 
Blacklock John, Elswick 

East-terrace 
BlacklockWm. 4,Gallow-gate 
Brewis Joseph, Edwarcl-st 
Burrell Ann, New-mills 
CaiTuthers Edw. 2, Blen- 
heim-street 
Clementson Mary, 21, East 

Clayton-street 
Collins J. Broad-chare, Quay 
Cowell John, Croft-street 
Craigie Nicholas, Drury-lane 
, Davison P. 50, H. Wesley-st 
Dison James, Seam-street 
Downs J. 6, Strawberry-pl. 

and 1, Leazes-lane 
Douglas Wm. Forth-terrace 
Dryclen Wm. Tyne-street 
Elliot Hannah, Byker-hank 
ElliottG-.Hedley-st&Harle-st 
EltringhamWm.Leazes-road 
Forsyth J. Churchill-street 
Eraser J. V Spring-street 
Fuller Mary, 75, Elswick-st 
Ferguson James, Jesmond 
GibsonWalter,2 1, Nun-street 
Graham Thos. Ouse street 
Hails Eosina, 104, East Clay- 
ton-street 
Hall W. 117, Blenheim-st 
Harle G. 48, Westmore- 
land-terrace 
Harwood Robt. St. Anthony's 
Hays Mary A. Argyle -street 
Hedley J. 4, Bell-street 
Halliday John, Thornton-st 
Haliiday John, and builder 
&c. 3Iulberry Inn, Thorn- 
ton-street 
Henderson John, Forth-terr 
Henderson Robt. Railway-st 
Heslop Thos. Sunderland-st 
Hill Mary, Tyne-street 
Hopper Thos. H. 18, East 

Clayton-street 
•Hudspeth Cuthbt. Carlton-st 
Hughs J. Pudding-chare 
Hunter T. 87, Newgate-st 
InghamC. 41,Pndding-chare 
Innes W. 33, John-street 



Johnson Jas. 46, Blandford-st 
James Thos. 1, Croft-street 
King Thos. Oyster- shell-lane 
Kirkley Tho. 0. Erick street 
Kent Ethelbt. Spital-tongues 
Lamb James, Leazes-road, 

Percy-street 
Liddel D. 105, Percy-street 
Mackay Lawrence, and com- 
mon brev\'er, 20, Clayton-st 
E ast; brewery, Arthur's-hill 
McLane Bernard, 34, Pud- 
ding-chare 
McLean John, Milk Market 
McLean J. Fenkle-street 
McLeod Isab. 3, Prudhoe-st 
Maughan J. 9, George-street 
Murray John, Westgate-hill 
Murton E. 40, Elswick E. ter 
Nichol P. 27, Nelson-street 
Parker Jessie, 17, E. Clay- 
ton-street 
Parry Daniel, 21, W. Clay- 
ton-street 
Pescod W. Causey-bank 
Percy Emily, Brewery-bank 
Prescod Wm. Causey-bank 
Place T. Railway-street 
Porter Janet, 86, Newgate-st 
Proud J. 1, West Pitt-street 
Richardson J. 3, Pudding-ch 
Ridley Wm. 26, Waterloo-st 
Roberts John, 8, Pudding-ch 
Robinson Robt St.Anthony's 
RobsonM. 10,EastClayton-st 
Rodgers John, Spring-street 
Simpson W. Manor-chare 
Smith A. Back Trafalgar-st 
Smith Barbara, 25, Nelson-st 
Snaith R. Back Trafalgar-st 
Singleton Joseph, and grease 
manufacturer. Royal Oak 
Inn, Buckingham-street 
Sterling Robt. Darncrook 
Stimson D. New-road 
Storey W. Byker-bar 
Tate T. Villa Place-taveru, 

High Villa place 
Taylor Martin, Gosforth-st 
Turpin Joseph, Pandon-dean 
Wallace W. W. Thoruton-st 
Whitfield J. 26, George-st 
Wilson E. Pudding-chare 
Winter J. Blagdon-street 
Wroe James, 45, Side 
Young George, New-quay 
Young John, 23, Nun-street 



Insuranee Companies, with 
their Agents 

Aberdeen, Fiee & Life ; J. 

T. Edgcome, 17, Eldon-sq 
Age, Life, Thos. Worden, 

16, Nun-street 
Albion, Life, H. Story, 32, 

Market-st. and A. Middle- 
mass, 15, Royal Arcade 
Alliance, Fire, Saml. Hed- 
ley, 48, Westgate-st. and 

T. Dixon, 80, Grey- street 
AlLiance,Marine5 J.B. Alex- 
ander, Quay 
Anchor, Fire, A. Harrison, 

13, Arcade 
Architects', Engineers' & 

Builders', Fire and Life ; 

E. Mather, 76, Grey-street 
Argus, Life, E. Griffiths, 

Bank Buildings, and J. 

Ridley & Son, 34, Quay 
Atlas, Fire & Life, Pearson 

Armstrong, 9, Mosley-st. 

and T. W. Keenlyside, 16, 

Westgate-street 
British Commercial, Life, 

M. Forster, 80, Grey-st 
British Empire Mutual, 

Life and Fire, J. Potts, 

1, Broad-chare 
British, Guarantee, J. 

Winks, 22, Market-street 
Caledonian Insurance ; I. 

Hewison, 48, Westgate st 
Catholic Law & General, 

Life, R. Leadbitter, 50, 

Westgate-street 
Church of England, Fire 

AND Life, W. Sang, 61, 

Grey-st. & J. L. Forster, 

80, Grey-street 
City of Glasgow, Life, E. 

Mather, 76, Grey-street 
City of London, Life, J. 

Scaife, 32, Pilgrim-street 
Clerical, Medical, and 

General Life, W.J.Bell, 

Westgate-hill 
Colonial, Life, G. A.Wilson, 

Three Indian Kings-court 
Commercial Credit Mutual 

Assurance, W. Shand, 

Bank-buildings 
County, Fire, Tngledew and 

Daggett, 55, Deau-st. and 

G. Sisson, 117, Side 



348 



NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE 



Insurance Co.'s, icc—Coniind. 

Crown, Fiee, H. W.Fenwick, 
Barrington's-ct. Bigg Mkt 

Defendee, Fire and Life, 
J. Eogerson, 59, Quay 

Deposit and General Life, 
Peter Anderson, 19, Clay- 
ton-street West 

Dissenters', Fire and Life, 
T. C. Angus & Co. 9, Close 

DisTRicT,FiRE, J". G. Joel, 6i, 
Grey-street 

Eagle, C. H. Young & Co. 

17, Close 

East of England, Life, 
Carter & Co. Arcade 

Economic, Life, TVakinshaw 
Brothers, 15, Broad- chare 

Edinburgh,Life, G. Wailes, 

18, Arcade 

English AVidows' Fund, 
Life, "W. Fordyce, Pil- 
grim-street 

Equity Law, Life, J.G. Sto- 
ker, 50, Pilgrim-street 

Essex Economic, G. Eich- 
ardson, juu. 4, Union-st 

E quitable ,Fire,E. Y. Green, 
34, Mosley-street 

European, Life, J. S. Chal- 
loner, 27, Dean-street 

Farmers'and General, Fire 
and Life, E. E. Dees, 58, 
Pilgrim-street 

General, Life and Firb,T, 
C. Angus, Close 

Globe, Fire and Life, H. V. 
Wilson, 69, Quay; J. War- 
hurton, 15, Grey-st; and 
J. Gibson, W. Clayton-st 

GreatBritainMutual,Life 
J. Winks, 22, Market-st 

Guarantee Society, S.Hed- 
ley, 48, Westgate-street 

Guardian, Fire and Life, 
G. Bo^vnas, 8, Sandhill 

Guernsey Mutual,Marine, 
F. Shield & Co. 67, Quay 

Hope Mutual, Life, E. T. 
Fothergill, Butcher-bank 

Householders' and Gen- 
eral, Life, L. Selby, 17, 
Mosley-street 

Imperial,Life and Fire, J. 
Blacklock, 62, Grey-street 

Law Property Assurance, 
J. Eadford, 80, Grey-street 



Law, Fire, E. D. Welford, 
27, Market-st ; G. Brewis, 
21, Grey-st; & E. Mather, 
76, Grey-street 

Law, Property and Trust, 
J. Eadford, 80, Grey-street 

J. T. Hoyle, 72, Grey-street, 
& G. Brewis, 21, Grey-st 

Leeds and Yorkshire,Fire 
& Life, J. Drewry, 78, 
Grey-street 

LegalandCommerciaLjLife 
AND Fire, W. E. Brockett, 
50, Dean-street 

Life Association of Scot- 
land, W. Morrison, 113, 
Side; and D. Graham, 
Commercial Bank,Dean st 

Lime Kilns and Inverness, 
Sea Insurance, J. Law- 
rence, jun. 55, Quay 

LlYERPOOLAND LoNDON,FlRE 

AND Life, Wm. Harle 
Lockey, solicitor, 2, But- 
cher-bank 

LiVERPo OL EoyalInsurance, 
StevensonjVermehern, and 
Scott, Sandhill 

London Indisputable 
(T.Pattison& Co.), Three 
Indian Kings-court, Quay 

London Mutual, Life and 
Guarantee, W. Wanless, 
41, Collingwood-street 

London Union, Fire and 
Life, H. Story, 32, Market- 
street, E. M. & M. Allan, 
54, Dean-street, and J. C. 
Swan,1.3,Northumberland- 
street 

Manchester, Fire, Griffith 
and Crighton, Arcade,Ben- 
son J. & Co. 16, Market-st. 
and D. Graham, Commer- 
cial Bank, Dean-street 

Marine & Tyne (on goods), 
B. C. Bradshaw, secretary, 
Fenwick's-entry, Quay , 

Maratime Passengers 
Assurance, J. B. Grey. 38, 
Broad-chare 

MedicalInvalid&General, 
Life, T. Horn, 32, and 33, 
Grey-st. and W. M. Hen- 
zell, 91, West Clayton-st 

Mentor, Life, AV. Nesham, 
2, Sandhill 



Metropolitan, Counties, & 
General Life, William 
Loades, Butcher-bank 

Metropolitan, Life, T. and 
W. Chater, 21, Mosley-st 

Minerva, Life, J. T. Hoyle, 
72, Grey-street 

Mitre, Life, J. Guthrie, 27, 
Dean-street 

Monarch, Fire and Life, 
E. Allinson, Arcade 

Nadejda St. Petersburgh 
Commercial and Marine, 
W.Dickinson,38, Quay-side 

National, Guardian, Benja- 
min Hilly ard, jun. 3 6. Quay- 
side 

National, Life, J. Watson, 
11, Eoyal Arcade, and C. 
Heslop, 1, Drury-lane 

National Loan Fund, Life, 
Stable & Dees, 58, Pilgrim- 
street, and E. Y-. Green, 34, 
Mosley-street 

National Mercantile,Life 
and Fire, T. Taylor, 62, 
Pilgrim-street 

National Provincial, Life 
AND Fire, G. B. Grey, Close 

Newcastle General A. I. 
Marine, J . Ormston, sec. 
58, Quay 

Newcastle Commercial, 
Joseph Heald, managing 
director, 39, Quay-side 

Newcastle Freight and 
Demurrage Marine, J. 
Fleming, sec. 52,Westgate- 
street 

Newcastle-upon-Tyne 
Fire, Life, and Annuity, 
W. Woods, sec. 6, Side 

New Protector, Life, E. 
D. Welford, 27, Market-st 

North British, G. F. A. 
Smith, sec. 14, Sandhill 

North OF England, Fire & 
Life, J. T. Hoyle, 72, 
Grey-street, and J. Millar, 
21, Dean-street 

Norwich Union,Fire, Life, 
andANNUiTY,Laws& Glyn, 
14, Grey-street 

Northern, Fire and Life, 
Thos. Eeid, 33, Quay-side, 
and Wm, Johnston, 36, 
Mosley-street 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY, 



349 



Insurance Co-'s, &c—Contind. 

Oak, J. M. Wynne, Arcade 

Pelican, LirE,Thos. Pattin- 
son & Co. Three Indian 
Kings-conrt, Quay 

Phcgxix, Fiee, T. Pattinson 
and Co. Three Indian 
Eangs-conrt,Quay,and Oc- 
tavius Bell, solicitor, 57, 
Westgate-street 

Peofessional, Liee, p. 
Hansen, Femvick's-entry 

Peomotee Assueance, G. 
B. Eeed, Bank-buildings 

Peoyident, Liee, Ingledew 
and Daggett, & G. Sisson, 
117, Side 

Pegytdent, H. TV, Benson, 
Copland-ter. Shieldfield 

Eaieway Passengers' Liee, 
J. Potts, 1, Broad-chare 

Eailway (single payment), 
T. Horn 32 and 33,Grey-st 

KocK, Life, J. Anderson, 
Westmland House,Westgt 

EoYAX Exchange, Fiee and 
LifEjE. Hoyle,14,Sandhill 

EoYAL Faemees & Geneeal, 
FiEE&LiFEjJ.Eadford, 80, 
Grey-street 

Scottish Amicable, Life, 
J. J. Hunter, Sandhill 

Scottish Peoyldent In- 
stitution, J. H, Eichard- 
son, 28, Quay, and John T. 
Edgcomb, Ai'cade 

ScottishUnioNjFiee &Life , 
W. Chartres,74,Grey-st, & 
E.T.rothergill,Butcher-hk 

Scottish Widows' Fund, 
Hodge & Harle, 70, Grey- 
street, and Chas Bertram, 
Quay-side 

Stae Fiee&Life, J. Benson, 
16, Market-street 

Sun, Fire & Life, Ealph 
Walter, 8, Mosley-st, and 
Carr & Co. 25, Broad-ch 

Tempeeance and Geneeal 
Peoyident, Life and An- 
nuity, J. Guthrie, 25,Dean- 
street 

Teaf ALGAE, Life, Thos. and 
Andrew McCree, 25, Quay- 
side 

Tyne Maeine, J. Anderson, 
jun, sec. 1, Broad-chare 



Union, Fiee. HenryLory, 32, 
Market-street 

United Kingdom, Cattle, 
G. F. Stainthorpe, 2, Marl- 
bro'-street 

United Kingdom, Life, S. 
Hedley, 48, Westgate-st. 

United Kingdom, J. C. 
Swan,13, Northumberland- 
street 

United Mutual, Mining & 
Geneeal Life, T. andW. 
Chater, 21, Mosley-street 

Unity, Fire, Thomas and 
Andrew M'Cree, 75, Quay- 
side 

Victoria Marine, J. Potts, 
sec. ], Broad -chare 

Waterloo, Life, W. Dickin- 
son, 39, Quay 

West of England, Fire & 
Life, Swan and Burnup, 
50, Pilgrim-st 

W^E stern, Life, Silas Angas 
and Co. 24, Dean-street 

YoEKSHiEE, Fire and Life, 
Samuel Hedley, 48, West- 
gate-street ; James Ead- 
ford, 80, Grey street; G. 
Eobson, 34, Mosley-st.; & 
J. Clephan, 14, Sandhill 

Iron Founders 

Birtley Iron Company ; 

office, 71, Quay; J. H. 

Hunt, managing partner 
Burrell J. and T. South-st 
Clark T. Low Elswick 
Charlton T. Ouseburn 
Cookson T. & Son, South-st 
Crawford M. Elswick 
Donkin David, High Friar- 
street 
Hawthorn E. and W. Forth- 

banks 
Holmes J. Fighting Cocks-yd 
Joicey J. & G. & Co. Forth- 

banks 
Longridge and Co. Bedling- 

ton Iron Works, office, 25, 

Westgate-street 
Losh,Wilson, & Bell, Walker; 

office, 37, Quay 
Eayne & Burne, Spicer-lane 
Shields W. St. Peter's ; office, 

Eewcastle-chare, Quay 
Toward W. & Sou, Ouseburn 



Walker W. H. 88 and 84, 
Percy street 

Waterston, Brothers, Els- 
wick- forge 

Wright &: Brown, Eegent-st 

Wylie E. & Co. Closegate 
Foundry 

Iron Manufacturers 

Bulmer & Co. Tyne Iron 
Co. Lemington ; office, 9, 
Bridge-end 

Losh,Wilson, & Bell,Walker ; 
office, 37, Quay 

Iron Merchants 
Bird W. & Co. 15, Quay 
Bietley Ieon Company ; 

office, 7], Quay 
Bourn & Co. Stock-bridge 
Bulmer & Co. Bridge-end 
Laycock J. & Co. 55, Close 
Losh,Wilson, &Bell,37, Quay 
Mounsey, Janson, & Co. 9, 

Grey-st. warehouse, South 

Shore 
Eayne & Burn, Ouseburn 
Eobson & Hall, 3, Mosley-st 
Thornman J. 14, Broad-chare 
Wakinshaw, Brothers, 14, 

Broad-chare 
WheaileyM. &Co. Stock-bdg 
Wilkin J. & Co. 32, Quay 

Ironmongers and Hardware- 
men 

Barker and Thompson, 24, 

Cloth Market 
Boston E. 69, Percy-street 
Carr G. 25, Nun- street 
Cumming W. tlinde-street 
Dunn Thomas, Saville-comt 
Fearney N. 63, Blackett-st 
Hair J. New Market 
Hancock T. & J. 50, Sandhill 
Hetherington J. 67, Grain- 

ger-street 
Hills John, 11, Pilgrim-st 
Hunter E. 41, Mosley-street 
Jameson & Co. 35, Dean-st 
Logan D. 28, Side 
JMather J. & cooking appai'a- 

tus-mkr. 13 ct 14^ Deau-st 
Milburn J. 10, Union-street 
Miller J. 37, AY. Claytou-st 
Milner J. 40, Grev-street 
Mowbray C. M. 49, Quay 



8o0 



newcastle-upon-tyne; 



Ironmongers, &c— Continued. 
Peele A. W. 77, West Clay- 
ton-street 
Proctor T. 105, Side 
Kobson & Hall, 3, Mosley-st 
Wallace J. & Co. 23, Mosley- 

Welford Yv^. H. 37, Mosley-st 

Japanners 
Chiistie, J. & Co. 2, Low 

Friar-street 
Kobson W. Drury-lane 

Jewellers 

See also Watch & Clock Ma- 
kers and also Sih'>er smiths. 

Marked * are Working Jewellers 
only. 

* Hepburn J. 16, Saint 
Nicholas's church- yard 

* Hopton W. 48, Pilgrim-st 
Joel S. & N. Shakspeare-st 
Marks D. 8], Blandford-st 

* Ritchie N, 28, Mosley-st 

Joiners & House Carpenters 

See also Cabinet Makers and 

Joiners, cf; also Builders 

Allon Eiehard, Leazes-road 
Arnot & Smith, and cabinet 

makers, 92, Percy-street 
Atkin William, and builder. 

Oyster-shell Hall 
Bailes A. 12, Bigg Market 
B arker J oh n , & c ab i d e t m ak er 

&upholsterer,20,Vine-lane 
Brown Thos. Head of Love- 
lane, Quay 
Brumwell J. 15, Side 
Burnup W. & C. Barras-br 
Calder J. High Friar-lane 
Cantley G. Brandling-village 
Carr W. 18, High Friar-st 
Chubb John, 35, Gibson-st 
Curry Piobert, and builder, 

Churchill -street; house, 1, 

Ord-street 
Curry Robert, Byker-bar; 

house, Lawson-street 
Curry Thomas, and builder, 

Fleece-court, Gallow-gate 
Davidson J. Y/hite Swan-yd 
Davison T. 18, Y\' estmrlnd-st 
Dickson James, and builder, 

Albert-place, Shieldfield 
Dixon Thomas, Bykerrl^ill 



Dobson W. Manor-chare 
Douglas Thomas, & furniture 
broker, 18, Lower Buxton- 
street 
Farrier, Lawrence, New-road 
Ferrer J. 4, Tin d all-street 
Foggin Y'illiam, Green-court 
Forster Edw. 24, AVestgate 
Fothergill Y'illiam, Masons' 

Arms Inn, Arthur's-hill 
Gibson Y'alter, Y^iite Swan- 
yard, Cloth Market 
Gibson Robert, Churchill 
Cottages, Blenheim-street 
Graham Joseph, & builder, 

16, Albion-street 
Hall John, and Innkeeper, 
Old Dolphin Inn, 37, Close 
Hardy Y\^ Stepney-lane ; 

ho. Ridley-street 
Hare Yrilliam, Scotswood-rd 
Henderson J. Castle-stairs 
Henderson T. Bk. George-st 
HenzellW.OldPloughLm-yd 
Hopper A. & R. joiners and 
shipmiths. Coney-close, & 
Nelson-street.North-shore 
Irving John, Yine-lane 
Jackson AYilliam, 17, William- 
street, Arthur's-hill 
James J. i\Iorrison's-court 
Jefferson Thos. Todd's-nook 
Johnston F. Denton's-court 
Kennedy Y'ilUam, & cabinet 
maker, Yrall-knoll; house, 
10, Dog-bank 
LawsonThomas,Ballast-hills 
Lawson Thomas, Ouseburn 
Lowry John, Ord-street 
Lowry John, & builder, cart- 
wright, and springcaniage 
maker, Ord-street; ho. 3, 
Scots wood-road 
March J. Pudding-chare 
Mattison Chas. Cross Keys- 
entry 
Meldrum. T. 92, Percy-st 
Mitch in son Thos. St. Peter's 
Morpeth ^Y. Bath-lane 
Nelles Yrilliam, Leazes-road 
Pattison George, and cart- 
wright. Green-court 
Penman W. sen. 42, Prud- 

hoe-street 
Potts Thomas, and builder, 

Scotswood-road 
Pringle T. 15, BeU's-court 



Proud John, Ingham place 
Reed M. Bath-road 
Reed R. East IS elson sti'eet 
Richardson Robert, & furni- 
ture broker, Causey -bank 
Sanderson W. 41, Prudhoe-st 
Scott Yf . Pan don 
Sharper T. Fighting Cocks'- 

yard 
Spark J. 162, Pilgrim- street 
Smith & Griffin, Carliol-sq 
StoreyS .&Son,Dispensary-ln 
Tate Clement, Yilla -place 
Y'^aite and Howard, Elswick 

Low-terrace 
Y^eatherhead George, 1 & 2, 

St. Thomas's-street 
Y-'ilson John, joiner and 

cartwright, Y^ilkinson's- 

buildings, Stepney 
Y^orley YlUiam ,&cartwright, 

41, Bayley-street 

Lacemen 

See also Drajpers, die. 
Duncan S. 145, Pilgrim-st 
Murray Adam, 14, Northum- 
berland-street 
Robson J. 15, Mosley-street 

Lamp Black Manufacturers 
Carr J. & Co. Gateshead; 

office, 58, Quay 
Hoyle R. 14, Sandhill 
Lynn R. 7, High Yilla-place 
Reed L. 55, Quay, and at 

Scotswood 

Land Agents and Surveyors 

Marked * are Agents only 
„ t are Surveyors only 

Bell C. B. 12, Richmond-st 
Bell J. T. W. 1, Highara-pl 
Bell T. & Sons, 26, Groat 

Market 
*Bolam. Y^. & G. Cross House, 

Feukle-street 
■i-Bowman E. 48, Y/estgate-st 
Dinning S. 15, W. Clayton-st 

* Grace E. Drury-lane 
Holmes W. Grey-street 
Nicholson E. 35, Market-st 

* Oliver A. 39, W. Clayton-st 
Thompson M. Mosley-st 
Turner H. Heaton-haugh 
Wallace Robt. corporation 

property surveyor, Guildhl 



CLASSIFIED DIEECTOEY. 



351 



Land Agents, &c— Continued. 
♦Walters R. 15,Eldon-sqnare 
Weatherley N. 16, Welling- 
ton-terrace 

Last and Boot Tree ETakers 
Noad J. 6, St. Nicholas's- 

cbr.rch-yard 
Pearson C. 26, High-bridge 
Eutherford C. 27, Newgate st 

Law Stationers 
Carter & Co. Arcade 
Guthrie J. 27, Dean-street 
MUes, White Sz Co. 33, Quay 

Lead Manufacturers and 
Refiners 

Cookson W. I. & Co. Close 

HOWDEN SSIELTIXG Co. Wil- 

lington-quay 
James & Co. Ouseburn 
Locke, Blackett, and Co. St. 

Anthony's, Gallow-gate, & 

6Q, Close 
W. B. Lead Office, lM,North. 

umberland-street 
Vfalker, Parker, Walkers, & 

Co. Low Elswick 

Leather Japanners 
Hanison R, jun. Stepney-bk 
Priestman J. Disi^ensary-ln 

Leather Merchants 
See also Tanners, and also 
Curriers and Leather Cutters. 

Angus T.C. & Co. Close 
Boyd G. Foot of Dean-st. & 

Byker-chare, Quay 
Jobson Edwd, jun.Neville-st. 

opposite the Central Statn 

Leather Pipe & Belt Makers 

Gilroy J. Carliol-square 

Gilroy James (successor to 

the late Timothy Gilroy) 

Queen - street, near the 

High Level Bridge 

Lemonade, Soda "Water, and 
Ginger Beer.Manufacturers 
Dinsdale T. Cloth Market 
EUiott J. 11, Dean-street 
Gilpin J.(fcSon,52,Pilgrim-st 
Harrison W\ 23, St. John's-ln 
Lamb R. Orchard street 



McKieW.Dispensaiy-square, 

Low Friar- street 
Wbinfield J.W.22, Grainger- 

street, and 2, Westgate 

Libraries 

Marked * are Circulating Libra- 
ries only, 

See also Public Institutions, &c. 

*Bagnall J. 6, Nun-street 
Clerical Book Club,W.Kaye, 

Ubrarian, 5, Blackett-st 
Dodsworth F. and W. sub- 
scription, 33, Collingwd.-st 
Franklin William Edward, 
and news - agent, Royal 
Arcade 
*Everatt A. 82, Newgate-st 
*Kaye Y/. 5, Blackett-street 
*Loraine Cath.Pilgiim-street 
*Marston J. 7, Mosley-street 
*Paradise Vf. musical, 99, 

Percy-street 
Sharp Jane, 33, Westgate-st 

Lime, Brick, Hair, Lath, and 

Cement Dealers 
Makepeace G. dep6t,Carlisle 

Old Station 
Reed E. B. Carlisle Old 

Station, J. Blake^v, mangr 
Wilkinson W. B. 43, Prud- 

hoe-street 

Linen Manufacturers 
Bell R. 22, Sandhill 
Patterson J. 80, Pilgrim-st 
Wilson Geo. 79, Pilgrim-st 

Linen Waste Dealer 
Hartley Thomas, New-road ; 
ho. 40, Howard-street 

Livery Stable Keepers 
Brown J. 34, Low Friar-st 
Gibson H. 4, Pudding-chare 
Kaberry & Bilton,Princess-st 
Plues & King, 28, Westgate- 
st. & 54, West Clayton-st 
Ray J. JMarshall's-court, 

Newgate-street 
Robinson J. White Hart-yd. 

Cloth Market 
Robson Ann, High Friar-st 
Shanks T. &R 25,High-bdge 
Sinclair W. 65, Nrthmbrld-st 
Watson J. R. Westgate-st 
White G. New Bridge-street 



Looking Glass Manufacturers 

Bianchi Ambrose, 24, High- 
bridge 

Mastaglio, V. 23 and 24, 
Grainger-street 

Molteni A. 185, Pilgrim-st 

Molteni Christmas,25, Grain- 
ger-street 

Lunatic Asylums 
Belle Geove, T. W.Keenly- 
side, proprietor; sup. W. 
Mag all 
Bath Lane, Donald Macin- 
tosh, M.D. proprietor 

Maltsters 

See also Brewers. 
Angus John, 41 , Percy-street 
Berkeley W. Hornsby's-ch 
Gibson John, Benwell 
Hall J. Manor-street 
Marshall R. A. Pandon 
Potter Charles, Forth-banks 
Power William, Sandyford-la 
Ramsay G.H.Derwenthaugh; 

office. Broad-chare 
RennoldsonJohn,BIack-gate, 

Castle-garth 
Taylor J. Groat Market 

Manure Manufacturers 

Blaydon Chemical Com- 
pany; office, 20, Sandhill 

Colbeck Thomas L. & Co. 
and bone grinders, Scots- 
wood Bone Mill; office, 60, 
Quay- side 

Langdale & Co. St. Lawrence 

Ramsay G.H.Derwenthaugh; 
office. Broad-chare 

Tyne Manuee and Chem- 
ical Company, St. Law- 
rence,M. J. Cook, manager 

Marble Masons 
Broorafield J. 12, Fleece-ct 
Craggs R. 72, Percy-street 
Davies R. Erick-street, and 

98, Pilgrim-street 
Mather J. 13 & 14, Dean st 
MontgomeryA.5,N.Bridge-st 
Pearson (Ann, widow of the 
late William Pearso n) 
marble and ornamental 
stone works,Gibson street. 
Rod Barns 



353 



K E WCASTLE-UPOX-TTKE 



Marine Store Dealers 

Addy Eobert, Percy-street 
Ai'mfield Alice, 12, Pudding- 
chare 
Bell Mary, 191, Pilgrim-st 
Boag J. Fenkle-street 
Booth Thomas, St Ann's-st. 

Sandgate 
Brand J". 15, Gallow-gate 
Brown G. Dixon's -buildings 
Brown John, Monk-street 
Brown William, St. Peter's 
Carnahy Pi. 16, "SVilliam-st 
Carnaby W. ChurchiU-street 
Chapel C. Elwick's-lane 
Clark Benjamin, and general 
dealer, Tyne-street, near 
the Glasshouse - bridge 
North-shore 
Carrick Thomas, Argyle-st. 
Donaldson D. Pandon-bank 
Donnison W. Cowgate 
Eastwood Sarah, Byker-bank 
Echte Mary, Tyne-street 
Fairless J. East Ballast-hills 
Fletcher Thomas & Co. New 
Quay, Thos. Brown, agent 
Forsyth William, New-road 
Graham F. Tyne-street 
Green A. Carlton-street 
Greener Eobert, 31, Butcher- 
bank; house,William-street 
Ai'thur's-lnll 
Guthria G. 24, Quay 
HandysideAnUjEast Ballast- 
hills 
Handyside John, New Quay 
Hill Jacob, East Ballast-hills 
Hodgson J. 17, Duke-street 
Hounslow G. Dixon's-bldgs 
Hudsonlsab. Westmoreland- 
lane 
Hudson James, and paper 

manufacturer, New-road 
Hudson James, 21, Waterloo- 
street, and 56, Newgate-st 
Hudson J. 21, Waterloo-st. 

and Newgate-street 
Hunter J. P an don, & Pilgrim- 
street 
Ireland E. Back-lane 
Liddle David, Percy-street 
McGregor D. Folly 
McKie W. ] 87, PUgrim-st 
McNelly Thomas, King-st 
Meynell Joseph, New road 
Moore J, East Ballast-hills 



Moran T. 4, Low Friar-street 
Muir James, Byker-bar 
Ovenden Benjamin, & waste, 

Croft-street 
Parker T. Head of Gallow- 
gate 
Pearson C. Stepney 
Powtoh TV. 28, Low Friar-st 
Eedfearn J. Elwick's-lane 
Eeed J. Javel ^Group-stairs, 

Close 
Eichai'dson J. 67, Percy-st 
Eiddell George, Ouseburn- 

bridge 
Eobson John, 38, Forth-st 
Eowell George, and grease 

manufacturer, Head of 

the Swirle 
Scaife J. Carliol-place 
Simmons Henry John, 3, 

Dog-bank 
Wallace T. 112, Percy-street 
Ward J. B. 66, Head of Side 
Waugh T. 6, PudcUng-chare 
Willdnson T. Westgate-st 
Wilson T. 54, Close 

Masons 
Also Builders. 

BaiTon David, 01, Elswick-st 
Dunlop Jas. 25, Simpson-st 
Graham Wilham, Byker-hill 
Kirsop T. 2, Cottenham-st 
Eeed E. 5, Summerhill-place 
Eeed Wm. St. Martin's-com't 

Master Mariners 
Bell Jos. H. 89, Blandford-st 
Bell W. 8, Yilla-place 
Breem John, Argyle-place 
Brodie N. M. 3, Copland-pl 
Brown John, Yoik st 
Brown Michael, Shield-street 
Bruce D. Hewgill-terrace 
CockburnE.FootofCanada-st 
Cooper G. 11, Carlton-street 
Cree P. 19, Y>"esley- street 
Custance T. W. 42, Eich- 

mond-street 
Dobson J. 1, Russell-terrace 
Dotchin S. Shield-street 
Finley J. Mansfield-street 
Gillies J. 7, Ellison-terrace 
Goldsmith Wm. Argyle-ter 
Hanzell G. Hood -street 
Harrison W. Shield-street 
Hart J. 2, Trafalgar-street 



Harvey N. F. 8, Howard-st 
Hays J. 10, AVilHam-street 
Hogg J. 37, Howard-street 
Jappie G. 2, Carlton-street 
Macdonald J. 12, Bayley-st 
Napier — , 5, Cop elan d-jolace 
Ogle T, 2, Union-terrace 
Punshon L. 6, Hood-sti-eet 
Eennoldson T. 9, Picton-pl 
Seager W. 1, Eichmond-st 
Taylor J. G. 39, Eichmond st 
Tinn J. 6, Howard-street 
Yincent E. 19, Stepney-ter 
Waddom T. 25, WilHam-st 
Yfise J. 15, Howard-street 

Mattress Makers 
Bateman Maiy, 190, Pilgrim- 
street 
Bolam I\Iary A. 1 and 2, Pil- 
grim-street 
Cheatham. Thomas, 57, West- 
gate-hill 
Faithing J. 31, Blackett-st 
McCormack J. 11, Dog-bank 
EoYAL YicTOEiA Asylum, 
roR THE Blind, 50, North- 
umberland-street 
Eobson J. 13, Pilgrim-street 
Eobson J. 172, Pilgrim-street 

Merchants 
Anderson J. & Sons, Eussia, 

58, Close 
Angus T. C. and Co. 9, Close 
Armstrong & Co. 47, Cowgate 
Atkinson J. 20, Sandhill 
Barker Thomas, general, 13, 

Leazes-crescent 
Beatman M. 182, Pilgrim-st 
Beckwith George W. & ship- 
owner, Tyne Bridge-end ; 

house, Elswick-dean 
Bell E. guano, 22, Sandhill 
Bennett Eobert, commission, 

26, Quay-side 
Bilton E. & Co. 22, Sandhill 
Black J. & Co. 94, Side 
Bolderaann, Bomes, and Co. 

4 and 5, Quay 
Bradshaw & Anderson, Fen- 

wick'-entiy, Quay 
Brandling W. and Co. Three 

Indian Kings-court 
Caldwell J. 55, Quay 
Cargill and Co. 29, Quay 
Carr and Co. 25, Broad- chare 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY. 



353 



M.erdha.nts— Continued. 
Charlton & Angas, commis- 
sion, 69, Quay 
Christiansen, Schier, & Co. 

39, Quay 
Clementson C & Co. lead, 

22, Sandhill 
Conseil T. 8, Sandhill 
Cooper J. and Co. 38, Quaj', 
Currie, Brothers, and Co. 

Watergate, Sandhill 
Dickinson William, general 
commission, 38, Quay-side 
Dinning & Co. 38, ]3road-ch 
Dodd & Co. 10, Broad-chare 
Eskuche C. F. 19, Quay 
Ewhack Mich. Three Indian 

Kings-court 
Floor E. T. 41, Quay-side 
Gray A. & Co. Butcher-bank 
Gray A. G. Close 
Gripel & Co.Rewcastle-chare 
Haansbergen W. J. Van, 58, 

Quay 
Hambro E. I. & Co. 41 , Quay 
Hansen P. Fenwick's-entry 
Harle J. &: Son, 9, Quay 
Harris A. & Co. 32, Quay, & 
at Middlesbro', Stockton, 
Hartlepool, and Seaham 
Harrison A. P. & Co. 3, 

Broad-chare 
Hari-ison, Carr, & Co. 32, 

Broad-chare 
Hedley J. 32, Broad-chare 
Henderson W. jun. 69, Quay 
Hunter & Erichsen, Sandhill 
Jobson, Brothers, & Co. com- 
mission, 77, Quayside 
Leidemann A. & Co. 64, Quay 
Loades Wm. hop, porter, & 
commission. Butcher-bank 
Losh, Wilson, & Bell, 37, 

Quay-side 
Martinson W. 35, Broad-chr 
Mounsey &: Clapham, ^9, Qy 
Perez & Williams, 43, Saudhl 
Eamsay Thomas, Broad-chr 
Ptayne C. & J. & Co. 17, Close 
Eedford Burdus, 37, Quay- 
side; ho. Eomulus -terrace, 
Gateshead 
Richardson & Co. 20, Sandhl 
Russell Robt. C. commission, 
1, Sandhill; ho. Craig Hall 
Saniter, Ludwig, & Co. 39, 
Broad-chare 



Scheele W. commission, 71, 

Quay 
Schraalz G. & Co. 71, Quay 
Shield J. & Co. 62, Grey-st. 

and Old Market-lane 
Shields Joseph, Son, & Co. 

Trinity Chambers, Quay 
Southern W. Rewcastle-ch are 
Stenhouse & Co. 20, Sandhill 
Stevenson, Verraehern, & 

Scott, 1, Sandhill 
Svensden & Johnson, Three 

Indian Kings-court 
Thompson G. 2, Tyne Bridge - 

end 
Tully & Co. 33, Quay-side 
Usher R. Manor-chare 
Wilson H. V. 69, Quay 

Millers 

Marked * are also Flour Dealers. 

Bell D. Pandon-dean 

*Brown Luke, Heaton-mill 

Brown E. 64, Close 

Charlton T. Haddrick's-mill 

Davidson Jon. Busy Cottage 
Mill, Heaton 

♦Davidson E. Stepney-mill, 
Stepney, and 31, Groat 
Market 

Freeman P. High Heaton, 
and Ouseburn-bridge 

Glaholm J.^Tyne Bridge-end 

*Hails Yi. Ouse-street 

Heron E. Byker-hill 

Heron Richard (and inn- 
keeper), Three Bulls' Head 
Inn, Milk Market, Sandgte 

*Hopper Joseph, Swirle; ho. 
Orchard House 

♦Hutchinson T. New-mills 

Meek T. Chimney-mills 

Muse J. Pandon-dean 

Procter J. Willington 

Reed E. T. 21, Newgate-st 
and at Gateshead 

Sinton J. Elswick-mill & 38, 
Groat Market 

Slater B. oatmeal, Sussex-st 

Slater J, Forth-street 

♦Taylor J. Pandon Steam- 
mills, 47, Sandhill, and 89, 
Newgate-street 

*Thew E. Lesbury -mills, and 
St. Nicholas's Church-yard 

Wallace J. & R. Gallow-gate 
Steam-mills 



Milliners 

See also JDressmaTiers. 
Marked * are also Dressmakers. 
♦Alport Martha, 13, Colling- 

wood-street 
♦Anderson Alice, 1, Albion-st 
Arkley Anna, 63, Grainger-st 
Armstrong Ehzabeth, 58, 

Newgate-street 
♦Atkin EHzb. Hindaugh-st 
Atkinson Martha, Albert-pl 
Bailey Mary Ann, 49, West 

Clayton-street 
Bailey M. & t). W. Hinde-st 
♦Best Jane E. High Villa-pl 
♦Black Margaret, 12, Terrace- 
place 
Bourne H. and straw plait 
and warehouseman, 21, 
Grainger-street 
♦Bowman Jane, 133, Pilgrim- 
street 
Breuan Elizabeth, 4, New- 
gate-street 
Brinsley Mary, Forth-street 
♦Brown Catherine, Park-pl 
Brown Isabella, 33, New- 
gate-street 
Carr and Donnison, Claver- 

ing-place 
Clark Dorothy, Elizabeth, & 
Isabella, 68, W. Clayton-st 
♦Cleugh Frances, 30, Mel- 
bourne-street 
Cochrane Isabella, 66, Grain- 
ger-street 
Cook Pliny, 96, Side 
♦Cooper Ann, 4, Westgate- 

h ill-terrace 
Dobson Cath. 60, Newgate-st 
Dunn Mary, 37, Groat INIkt. 
Ellison Matilda, 110,Pilgnm- 

street 
Embleton and Ellison, 12, 

Duke-street 
♦Fawcett Isabella & Margt. 

34, Blandford-street 
Forster Hannah, 69, West 

Clayton-street 
Glendinning Lydia,20,Bland- 

ford-street 
Grundy Ann, 1, Lancaster-st 
♦Gray Mary, Cut-bank 
Hardy Elizb. 21, IMarket-st 
♦Hay Elizabeth ct Henrietta 

Ann, Arthur's-hill 
Hay Elizabetli, Cailiol-street 



354 



NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. 



I^illiner s— Continued. 
Hardey Eebecca Mary, (suc- 
cessor to Mrs Eogerson, 
teacher of millinery and 
dressmaking by lessons, 
and modeller of flowers in 
wax and leather on an im- 
improved principle) wax 
flower repository, 40, Col- 
ling wood- street 
*Hedley Cath. 15, Wilham-st 
♦Hedley Susan, 37, Jessa- 
mine-place 
♦Henderson Jlizabeth, 3, 

Blackett-place 
Heppell Ann, 65, Grainger-st 
Humble Christina, 65, West 

Clayton-street 
*Humble Mary Ann, 92, 

West Clayton-street 
*Innes J. &M. Stamfordham- 

place 
* James Frances, 20, Pdch- 

m on d- street 
Johnson Anthony, 24, New- 
gate-street 
Johnson Hannah, 55, Pil- 
grim-street 
♦Johnson Isabella W. Step- 
ney-terrace 
♦Johnson Margaret & Ellen, 

23, G-rey-street 
Knox Eleanor, Dog-bank 
Leach Barbara, 53, Nor- 
thumberland-street 
Leybourn D. 81, Pilgrim-st 
Lumley Isabella, 16, Colling- 

wood-street 
*McPherson Misses, Bruns- 
wick-place 
Mallabar Ehzb. Adelaide-pl 
♦Mann Ehzabeth, 16, Hew- 

gill-terrace 
Matthew Catherine, 173, 

Pilgrim-street 
♦IMather Isabella, 33, New- 
gate-street 
Milburn Elizb. Pilgrim -street 
♦Milburn M. A. 6, Hedley-pl 
Mills Barbara and Esther, 

45, Newgate-street 
♦Moore A. 14, Waterloo-pl 
Morrison W. 2, Blackett-st. 

and 1, Grainger-street 
♦Murray Henrietta,(French) 
P 14,Northumberlaud-street 
♦Perry Margt. 10, Bath-row 



Pringle Isab. & Eleanor, 16, 

Brunswick-place 
*Pyburn Misses, 4, Elswick- 

court 
♦Eathbone Margt, 3, Thorn- 
ton-street 
♦EichardsonMry. 3,Eldon-sq 
Eobinson John P. and Co. 

60, Grainger-street 
Eobson Elizb. 6, Mosley-st 
Eobinson Margt. Buxton-st 
Eobson Mrs. Jas. (French) 

15, Mosley-street 
♦Eodger Jane, M. 5, Grain- 
ger-street 
♦Simpson Ann, 10, Percy-pl 
Spencer Jane, 47, Blackett-st 
Stephenson Elizb. 19, Prud- 

hoe-street 
Stephenson Tabitha,48,West 

Clayton-street 
♦Thew Jane, 3, Market-st 
Thirkill Isabella, 76, Pilg.-st 
Thom Isabella, 30, Grainger- 
street 
Thornton A. West Hinde-st 
Turner Ann, Sandyford-place 
*TurtonM.A.&E. 84,Percy-st 
♦Yinton Jane, 26, Eich- 

mond-st 
Walton A. 26, Westgate 
AMiinnemFrances,Orchard st 
Wilkinson Ann, 97, Percy-st 
Wren W. 20, Market-street 
♦Wright Ann, 22, WelUng- 

ton-street 
Young Margt. 5, Blackett-st 

Millwrights 

BurnettBrothers,SpringGar- 

den-terrace 
Burnett J. 43, Prudhoe-st 
Hawthorn E. & W. Forth-bks 
Joicey J. G. & Co. Forth-bks 
Laws W. Back-lane 
Patterson E. & Son, 89,Percy- 

street 
SmithJ. 14,SpringGarden-ter 
Stephenson E.& Co. South-st 

Music & Musical Instrument 

Sellers 
Binns T. 20, Nelson-street 
Horn T. 32 and 33, Grey-st 
Kaye William, music, 5, 

Blackett-street 
Liddell M. 109, Pilgrim-st 



Morland T. G. and Co. 29, 

Collingwood-street 
Paradise W. 99, Percy-street 
Porter B. P, 65, Pilgrim-st 
Potts M. 2, Northumberld-st 

Mustard Manufacturers 
Dewar T. 7, Pudding-chare 
Dodds G. St. Andrew's-court 
Flintoff" T. 5, Westgate-st 
Lamb E. Orchard-street 
Melville W. 2, Carlton-street 
Myers, Brothers, Bell's-court 
Sweet Elizab. Crofts-stairs, 

]\I an or- chare 

Nail Manufacturers 

Bourn G. & Co. Stock-bridge 
Dunn Thos. Saville-court 
Gallon John, jun. & chain, 

Blue Anchor-chare 
Galloway J. 3, Y^estgate-st 
Galloway W.& Co.37,Forth-st 
Pearson W. South-street 

News Agents 
Barkas E. 107, Percy-street 
Barlow J. 28, Grainger-street 
Crother E. 121, Pilgrim-st 
Crowther I. Denton-chare 
Duncan W. Westgate 
Everatt A, 82, Newgate-st 
France P. & Co. 8, Side 
Franklin Y^illiam Edward, 
andbookseller & stationer, 
Central Eailway Station, 
and at the other stations of 
the York, Newcastle, and 
Berwick Eailway, and 14, 
Eoyal Arcade 
Gibson Nicholas,N.Bridge-st 
Horn T. 32 & 33, Grey-street 
McMinnies,24,Nelson street 
Mitford T. 8, Union-street 
Stewart W. 41, Head of Side 
Turnbull J. 48, Butcher-bk 

Newspapers 

Their Publishers, Offices, and 

Days of Publication 

Chronicle, Friday, M. & M. 
W. Lambert, 69, Grey-st 

CouRANT, Friday, J. Black- 
well, & Co. 54, Pilgrim-st 

Guardian, Saturday, Mac- 
liver & Bradley, 37, Grain- 
ger-street 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTOEY.^ 



Sb^ 



Newspapers— Co?ziinue<?. 
JouEXAL, Saturday, John 
Hernaman, 47, Grey-street 

NOETHEKN EXA]\IINEE,SatUr- 

day, R. P. G-. Ackroyd, 37, 
Grain ger-street 

Notaries Public 
Dixon T. 80, Grey-street 
Grey Benjamin, 72,Quay-side 
Ingledew and Daggett, 54, 

Dean-street 
Young E. M. 29, SandhiE 

Nursery and Seedsmen 

Finney S. & Co. 46, Groat 

Market 
Hogg Adam, Scotswood-road 
Moat G. Percy-street 
Wilcke Thos. nursery only, 

Wingrove Nursery ,Elswick 
Yellowley Elizabeth, 29, 

Grainger-street 

Oil and Colourmen 
Armstrong H.Trinity- cham- 
bers ;works,Heworth shore 
Challoner E. 17, Mosley-st 
Hoyle, Robson, & Co. Eell- 

ing-shore; office, Close 
Myers C. & J. Wellington-pl 
Nicholl A. & Son, 22, Quay 
Pieed L. 50, Quay 

Opticians and Mathematical 

Instrument Makers 
Cail J. & nautical & safety 

lamp, 61, Pilgrim-street 
Cail J. & S. A. & nautical, 

45, Quay 
Cohen D. 30, Mosley-street 
Donaldson Henry,68,Grey-st 
EngHsh J. 20, Grey-street 
Hewitson J. 76, Grey-street 
Tarelli A. & Son, 33,Grey-st 

Organ Builders 

» Davis J. T. New Bridge-st. 

and 13, Picton-place 

Graham Wm. New Bridge-st 

Nicholson James, Postern ; 

ho. 7, Westmoreland-st 

Outfitters 
Caldwell J. 25, Sandhill, and 

2, Cloth Market 
Cowan N. 42, CoUinwood-st. 

and St. Nicholas's-square 



Emanuel L. 16, Dean-street 
Henderson W. jun. 69, Quay 
HiU, Nicholson, and Hodge, 

16, Grainger-street 
Joseph B. &Co. 78, Grey-st 
Kent Rbt. 40, CoUingwood-st 
Main E. & Co. 23, Grainger- 
street, 74, West Clay ton~st. 
and 7, Grey-street 
Spence T. H. 1, Sandhill 

Oyster Dealers 
Atkinson E. B.Shakspeare-st 
Bains A. High-bridge 
Brown T. 64, Blackett-street 
Macran E.9, High-bridge 
Mosey R. 30, "Westgate-st 
Rhodes Saml. 21, Union-st 
Robinson J. 9, E. Clayton-st 
Steel C. H. 1, Shakspeare-st 
TeasdaleW. 37, Grainger-st. 
and 37, Collingwood-street 

Paint&Colour Manufacturers 

Cook William&Co.& coopers, 
Leitli Wharf, Quay ; ho. 
New-road 

Painters and Glaziers 
Alderson T. Trafalgar-street 
Alhnson G. 74, Pilgrim-st 
Anderson J. 15, Low Eriar-st 
Burlinson J. 76, Percy-street 
Cooper G. 87, W. Clayton-st 
Cout B. 2, Summerhill 
Crake W. 13, Tindal-street 
Dalziel W. Bath-row 
Dent Elnr. 3, Union-street 
Dixon J. Tyne-street 
Dunn C. 7, Sunderland-st 
Dunn H. Old Market-lane 
Porster W. C. 27, Bigg Mkt. 
& 49, Northumberland-st 
Gibson J. 53, Newgate-street 
Gibson Jno. High Friar-lane 
Gibson J. & J. 89,West Clay- 
ton-street 
Grieves T. & Son, 9], Pil- 
grim-street 
Hewetson R. Fighting Cocks- 
yard, Bigg Market, and 
Wesley-street 
Hodgson J. 14, Westgate-st 
Hudson C. Foot of Westgate- 

street 
Jackson J. R. 19, Percy-st 
Jackson W. 4, Newgate- st 



Kennady W. 133, Pilgrim-st; ; 
Kennady Wm. Adelaide-pl I 
Laidler W. 7, High Friar-st : 
Lawson R. & Son, 42 & 57, ' 

Northumberland-street 
Messenger J. 22, High-brdg ; 
Montgomery John, Infant' ] 

School-yard, Castle-garth ' 
Pattison J. Westgate-hill i 

Paxton W. 58, Groat Market j 
Potts J. Cross-street \ 

Richardson J. & Co. 14, St. ; 

Nicholas's-church-yard i 
Richardson J. Scotswood-rd i 
Robson W. Drury-lane I 

Salmon R. S. 59, Newgate-st 
Scott J. 2, Darncrook ' 

Spence & Sayers, 22, Bigg | 

Market ; 

Stewart J. 31, Pudding-chare | 
Tearse T, 86, Percy-street _| 
Thompson J. New-road i 

Toward H. 23, Gibson-street "| 
Turnbull Wilham, Manors •; 
Wall T. 31, St. John's-lane j 
Watson J. 63, Newgate-st -; 
Watson Peter, 58, Blandford- >: 

street -i 

Wilson A. 16, High Friar-st I 
Wise A. High Friar-lane 
XJrwin & Vardy, Old Robin •' 

Hood- court 

Paper Hangers ;; 

Also the Paper Stainers. See *i 
also UpJiolsterers. '' 

Cooper George, and painter, x 
87, West Clayton-street '. 
Jackson J. R. 19, Percy-st '. 
Messenger J. 22, High-bridge . 
Morrison & Co. and decor- 
ators, 11, East Clayton-st /■ 
RicharclsonW.108, Pilgrim-st f 
Salmon R. S. 59, Newgate-st f 
Thompson J. New-road 
Toward H. 23, Gibson-street f 
^'urnbull Robt. 26, Gibson-st f 
Watson Josh. 63, Newgate-st 

Paper Manufacturers \ 

Annandale and & Sons, 37, i 
: Westgate-st ; works, Shot- 
• ley-bridge and Lintzford i 

Fletcher, Falcouai', and Co. > 
? Scotswood 

(^race N. & Co. Scctswood ' i 



8^(^ 



NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE 



Paper Manufacturers— Cori^t?. 

Hudson James, and marine- 
store dealer, Orpeth Paper 
Mill; ho. New-road 

Paper Stainers 
Astrop J. 25, Westraoreld.-st 
Cooper G. & painter & paper 

hanger, 8 7, West Clayton-st 
Girvin J. 25, Mai'ket-street 
Goodlad & Co, Tliornton-st. 

and 15, West Clayton-st 
Momson& Co. and importers 

of French paper hangings, 

11, East Clayton-street 

Pawnbrokers 
Bowman H. 17, Low Friar-st 
Bramwell W. Folly 
Craven Jas. 16, Pudding-chr 
Davidson G. Lime-street 
Davison Thos. Manor-chare 
ElHott E. 17, Side 
FothergiU K. S. 5 & 6, New- 
road 
Garret J. 1, St. John's-lane 
Grail am Sarah, New-road 
Henderson J. 12, Marlbro'-st 
Jameson Ann, 29, Broad- 
chare ; ho. New Bridge-st 
Lupton H. B. 7 & 8, Pilgrim-st 
Maxwell R. T, 03, Pilgrim-st 
Mordue C. Ouse-street 
Purves Eleanor, Blagdon-st 
Eeed J. Neville-com't, 50, 

Westgate-street 
Eowell S. 1, Northbld.-com't 
Shaw J. St. Nicholas's-ch.-yd 
Smith R. 6, Upper Buxton-st 
Spencer J. 38, Newgate-st 
Thompson John, 18, Prud- 

hoe-sti-eet 
Vipond J. Queen-slreet 
Walker W. Eosemary-place 
Williamson David Spence, 

Eosem ary-lan e 
Wilson Mary, Wall-knoll 
Wilson W. 105, Pilgrim-st 

Physicians 
Marked * are also Surgeons. 

Alexander Jas. 15, Northum- 
berland-st. & 16, Saville-rw 

Bates J. M. 17, Westgate-st 

Bleazty E. W. 63, Northum- 
berland-street 

Bulman D. 10, Market-street 



*Burnup M. 9, Derwent-pl 
Charlton E. 7, Eldon-square 
Dawson W. 1, Eldon-square 
DeMey W. F. 16, Eldonsq 
Embleton D. 64, Northum- 
berland-street 
* Gibson Charles, 6, West 

Clayton-street 
Hayle T. homeopathic, 3, 

Jesmond-terrace 
Head] am T.E. 19, Northum- 
berland-street 
^Houseman J. 60, Eldon-row 
Humble T. 4, Eldon-square 
Mackintosh D. Bath-lane 
Eobinson G. 26, Eldon-sqr 
White D. B. New Bridge-st 
Wightman C. 13, Princess-st 

Piano-Forte Manufacturers • 

Shields Thomas & Son, 54, 
Northumberland-street 

Piano-Forte Tuners 

See also Organ Builders. 

Graham W. New Bridge-st 

Hemy H. F. 30, Northumber- 
land-street 

Marshall G. 13, Brunswick - 
place 

Woodman J. 1, Prudhoe-st 

Picture Dealers and Cleaners 

and Print Sellers 
Aaronson L. Carliol-street 
Fox T. 6, Westgate-street 
Hardy J. 34, Grainger-street 
Hogarth T. C. 41, Grey-st 
Tweedy T. H.49, Grainger-st 
Weddall Wm. 108,Pilgrim-st 

Picture and Picture Frame 

Manufacturers 
Howey W. Denton's-court 
Lo^vrey G. Old Plough Inn-yd 
Molteni A. 185, Pilgrim-st 
Shepherd J. H. StoweU-st 

Piano Makers 

Gowland C. 50, Groat-Market 
Hall T. & Co. 33, Bigg Market 
Miller J. 37, Clayton-street 

Plasterers 
Charlton J. 6, Brunswick-pl 
Clark Charles, Dispensary- 
lane, Low Friar-street 
Dodds E. Park-place 



Good James, jjlain and orna- 
mental plasterer, cementer 
and stucco worker, 42, 
Churchill-street 

Lundi F. and figure & mould 
maker. Park-place and 13, 
Percy-street 

Martin J. Hewgill-terrace 

McKenna M. Up. Buxton-st 

Moat Thomas, and builder, 
103, Blandford-street 

Montgomery J. & modeller, 
92, Percy-street 

Spence D. W. and modeller, 
96, Pilgrim-sti-eet 

Stephenson David, 65, Els- 
wick-street 

Stewart T. New-road 

Wilkinson W. B. and manu- 
facturer of plaster of Paris, 
cements, chimney-pieces, 
&c. and architectural mo- 
deller, 43, Prudhoe-street 

Plumbers and Gasiitters 
Marked * are also Coppersmiths. 

Atkinson J. 3 and 4, High 

Friar-street 
Bailey G. 21, AVestgate 
Brittain S. Bird Sz Bush-yard, 

Pilgrim-street 
Christie J. & Co. 2, Low 

Friar-street 
Cook J. Cross-street 
Deas A. Manor-chare 
Deas C. Fighting Cocks-yd 

and 50, Grainger-street 
*Dove G. 2, Northumbrld.-st 
EUiott Edward, and brass- 
founder and copper-smith, 
7, Pudding-chare 
*ElIis & Henderson, Erick-st 
Eraser J. Scotch Arms-yard 
*Glaholm J. & Son, Manor- 
chare 
Humble G. Low Friar-street 
*Ions J. Neville-street 
Jobling C. 1, Lisle-street 
LittleJ.H.&LH.Eankin's-ct 
Milboum W. 91, Pilgrim-st 
Mills John, & brassfounder, 

5, Forth -street 
Murray J. Painter-heugh 
Nicholson G. 13, Manor-st 
*Plummer B. St. Peter's; 
office, 7, Quay 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTOKY. 



357 



Plttmbers, ^q— Continued. 
Eaine J. D. 3, Market-street 
*SiEQpson Gr. W. Blandford-st 
Spence Edward, 2, Close 
Stewart & Young, 3, Mrkt-st 
Sutter John & Co. and brass- 
founders & coppersmiths, 
Low Friar-street 
*Watson H. 19, High-bridge 
Wilson W. Dispensary-lane 

Potatoe Merchants 
Gibson Thos. & fruiterer, 

Lower Buxton-street 
Hogg E. Oak'splace 
Lowes John, 107, Clayton- 
street 
Maxwell John, 2, Clayton-st 
Naylor N, Nelson-street 
Eussell Wm. Nun's-gate 
Slee Matthew, Nelson-street 
Telfer Adam, 19, Nun-street 

Printers 
Atkin W. 62, Quay 
Barkas T. P. & W. IG, High 

Friar-street 
Barlow J. 28, Grainger-st 
Benson M. St. Nicholas's- 

church-yard 
Blaclcwell J. and Co. 54, 

Pilgrim-street 
Bostle G. Lime-street 
Bowman W. E. Dean-court, 

High-bridge 
Christie J. 2 & 3, Nelson-st 
Clark J J. 27, St. Nicholas's- 

church-yard 
Collins J.W. &N. 20, Nelson- 
Crow W. S. 96, Side 
Dent E, 112, Pilgrim-street 
Dodds M. S. 34, Quay 
Dodds T. 61, Grey-street 
Fordyce W. 59, Pilgrim-st 
Green G. 99, Side 
Gilbert J. Arcade 
Hernaman J. 47, Grey-street 
Lambert M. and M. W. 69, 

Grey-street 
Leighton B.W. 7,Grainger-st 
Macliver and Bradley, 37, 

Grain ger-street 
Nicholson Joseph, 17, Lower 

Buxton-street 
Ormston & Smith, 09, Quay- 
side 



Phillipson & Hare, 26, Mos- 

ley-street 
Pollock & Co. 11, Nun-street 
Eeid A. 117, Pilgrim-street 
Eichardson G. B. 38, West 

Clayton-street 
Selkirk J. 27, Market-street 
Simpson T. & Sons, 15,Dean- 

street and 2, Side 
Spens T. 8, Grainger-street 
Ward E. & lithographer & 

publisher, 1, Dean-street 

Professors 

Marked thus * are Professors of 
Music 

* Allen Mary, 12, Sunderld.-st 
Beda A. W. languages, 2, 

Saville-row 

D'Acosta F. languages. 49, 
Howard-street 

*Davidson Mary, 9, Cumber- 
land-row 

DeFivas A. languages, 21, 
Eldon place 

Gombert J. A. languages, 
5, Princess-street 

* Grant Emily, 53, Leazes-ter 
*PIarrison J. T. M. North- 
umberland-lane 

*Hemy H. F. 6, Picton-place 
*Ions T. M.B. Oxon, 32, 

Eye-hill 
*L'elandlVIary,37,Blackett-st 
*Jay P. 3, Low Swinburne-pl 
*Jay W. F. 3, Low Swin- 
burne-place 
*Ketelle S. W. 14,Saville-row 
*Larbalestier, Isab. Stirling, 
and languages, 20, Blac- 
kett-street 
*Liddle J. S.18,Oxford-street 
*Liddell M. 109, Pilgrim-st 
LowenbergJ. D. languages, 

35, Black ett- street 
*Potts E. 11, Nun-street 
*Potts M. & dealer in piano- 
fortes, 24, Eldon-street 
*Pyburn J. 4, Trafalgar-st 
*Eedshaw Middleton, and 
organist, 30, Westmore- 
land-terrace 
*Sessford John, Pei'cy- court 
Sinclair J. dancing, 2, Nelson- 
street 
*ThompsonH. 6, Heaton-ter 
*Watsou E. lo,Cottenham-st 



*Watson T. S.10,Grainger-st ' 

*Weddell G. H. 102,Percy-st ' 

*Willoughby E. 21, North- \ 

umberland- street ; 

Provision Merchants j 
Marked * are Importers. 

* Bigger B. 61, Close 
Courtenay J. C. 97, Side & \ 

19, Close : 

* Featherson & Elder, 51, ■ 

Quay 
Temperley J. Broad-chare 

Railway Carriage & Waggon ; 

Builders ; 

Atkinson and Philipson, 93, ' 

Pilgrim-street i 

Burnup J. & H. Elswick-ci-t 
Burnup W. & C. & timber ' 

merchants, &c. Barras-br \ 
Eayne & Bm-n, Ouse-street, - 

Ouseburn ! 

Eag Merchant i 

Clegg Solomon, & woollen ; 
manufacturer, Westgate \ 
Woollen-MilI,& New-road ! 

Register Offices— Servants \ 
Baas E. 42, Northmbrld-st i 
Bass Ehz. 110, Pilgrim-st 
Bianchi Isab. 114,PilgrinT=str 
Boag Jane, Pilgrim-street ^ 
Cruikshanks Mary, 14, Den- j 

ton-chare i 

Curry Eliz. 6, Newgate-st j 
Davison Mary Ann, Hill's-pl ! 
Davison Mary, 11, Prud- ; 

hoe-street \ 

Davison Mary, 66, West- 
moreland-terrace 1 
Dishman Mat. 15, Stamford- i 

ham-place | 

Elliott Ann, 5, Tliornton-st i 
Foggin W. 28, West Clay-, 

ton -street , 

Fothergill Isab. 70, Percy-st| 
GrahamxVmelia, 65,Blackett- j 

street 
Liddlo Eliz. 77, West.gate-st 
Little Ann Jane, 101, Percy-st ; 
Lowthin Jane, 4, Deuton-ch ] 
Nelson Mai-y, 2, Westgate | 
Scott Ann, 64, '"".rainger-st > 
Shorter Maria, 90, Pilgrim-st 
Stevenson Isabella, CoUing-j 

AYOod-street 



8oS 



KEVrCA STLt-UPON-TYXE' 



Register OfS.ces— Continued. 
Tickers 3Irs. 18, Colling- 

wood.street 
Watson Mary Ann, Hill-st 
WeddeUDortliy-109, Percy-st 

Registrars of Births & Deaths 

Aix-Saixts', Matthew Een- 
wiek, Stepney-terrace 

BrKEE, J. rindley, Hardy's 
Buildings, Stepney-field 

St. AxDEEw'5,Thos. Double- 
day, 16, Pddley-place 

St. XiCHOLAs's,Benj. Baker, 
5, St. Xicholas's-churchyd 

We STGAiEjGr. Willis, IjJolm- 
street, Ai'thur's-hill 

Eope&Twine Manufaetiirers 

Crawhall J. & Sons, patent, 
St.Ann's-roperv.New-road 
Dodds J. 2, Mansfield-street 
Douglas J. Xew-mills 
Dunn L. 4, Broad-chare 
ErringtonEd. 47, Groat Mkt 
Haggle E. H. & Co. Wil- 
lington, office, 14,Broad-ch 
Jackson A. Xew-mills 
Johnson J. Dent's-hole 
Murdock G. 20, Percy-street 
Nicholson E. Moor-edge 

'I\OETHU:iEBEELAND PATENT 

EoPE, Twine, Sc Xet Co. 
Spital-tongues 

EoyalTictoeia AsYLrsr eoe 
THE Blind, twine only, 
and manufacturers of all 
descriptions of fine knitted 
work, 50, Xorthumbrld.-st 

Smith T. & W. St.Lawrence ; 
office, 2, Broad-chare, and 
Eorth-banks 

Waters C.22,Castle-garth-sts 

Saddlers & Harness Makers 

See also Coach d Harness 

Manufactures. 

AUiscn John, Bvker hill 

Dewar P. 24 & 40, Groat Mkt 

TSaUiday G. 12, Collingwood- 

street 
Hancock T. & J. 50, Sandhill 
Mew Elizb. 136. Pilgrim-st 
Mills .J. 29, Market-street 
Newton J. 14, Grainger-st 
Piobertson J. 8, Newgate-st 
Turnbull E, 69, Newgate-st 



Sailmakers 

Buckham. J. 50, Quay 
Cm*son E. Bum-bank, Quay 
, Delaval G. 29, Quay 
' Gilchrist J. G. 39, Quay 
I Gutbrie T. Colvin's-chare 
I Mon-ison H. E. Colvin's-ch 
j Eobertson J. J. Broad-chare 
I Scott J. 7. Quay 
Taylor A. Byker-chare 

I Salt Merchants 

I Gibson D. 39, Sandhill 
I Hunter G. 26, Sandhill 

Sand Millers 
Donaldson H. Stepney 
I Little Ann, Grove Cottage, 
near Drson's-bmldings 

Saw Makers 
Bnrgoin Alfred, Eighting 
Cocks-yard, Bigg Market 
Carr G. 25, Nun -street 

j Saw MiU Owners 

Burnup W. & C. and timber 
merchants, &c. Ban-as-bdg 
Carr and Co. Old Mansion 
House, Close; office, 25, 
Broad-chare 
Clayton & Armstrong, Skin- 
ners' -bm'n 
Grey (Jos. Eepresentatires 
of) iDlaning & dessicating 
works, 59, Newgate-street 
Han: J. & Co. St. Peters 
Hardy G. H. Stepney-field 
Harland J. Eorth-banks 
Harle W. &Co. St.Lawrence; 

office. Trinity-chambers 
Palmer G. & G.M. Dunston; 
office, 29, Quay 

Seed Crusliers 
Hovle, Eobson, and Co. 58, 

Close 
Eayne C. and J. 17, Close 

Seedsmen— Field 
See also Xurserymen and 
Seedsmen. 
Anderson J. Carhol-square 
Belt G. 53, Groat Market 
Bell E. 22, Sandhill 
Cooke Mrs. 44, W, Clayton-st 



Dewer Henry, 37, Grey-st 
EiTington Edward, 47, Groat 

Market 
Hall Wm. 117, Blenheim-st 
Hindhausrh J. & Co. 21 and 

22, Cloth Market 
Hodgson W. 214, New Mkt 
Lascelles J. 229-30, New Mid; 
Longhurst Geo. 35, Mosley-st 
Ohver D. 11, Union-street 
Pattison T. Angas's-court 
Peverell E. 14, Bigg Market 
Proctor W. B. and Co. 17, 

Sandhill 
Scott T. 27, Bigg Market 

Ship Builders 
Adamson T. and Sons, Wil- 

liugton-quay 
Coutts and Parkinson, iron, 

WiUington-quay 
Cunningham AV, St.La-vsTence 
Eulton E. Xelson-street 
Hair J. and Co. St. Peter's 
HiUs Thomas, Tyne-street 
Hopper A. & E. and patent 

shpway, &c. Coney Close, 

and iS elson street, North- 
shore 
Miller, Eavenhill, & Salkeld, 

ii'on, Low Walker 
Mitchell C. and Co. iron, Low 

Walker 
Palmer, Brothers, &: Co. iron, 

12, Quay, Works, Jarrow 
PottsThos.u'on,St.Anthony's 
Smith T. ct W. iron and wood, 

St. Peters, and New Dock, 

North Shields 
Toward T. iron, St. Peter's 
Wilkinson J.W. St. Anthony's 

Ship Chandlers 
Bolton G. E. 13, Quay 
Eeatherston &Elder,51,Quay 
Potts T. Clarence-street 
Snowdon J. 60, Quay 
Thompson M. & Co. 57, Quay 

Shipowners 
Beckwith George W. and 

merchnt.TyneBridge-end ; 

ho. Elswick-dean 
Caldwell E. 11, Eidley-^illas 
Carr L. S. 34, Broad-chare 
Clarke <t Dunn, 76, Quay 
Cunningham W.lSjEidley-Yls 



CLASSIFIED DIEECTORY. 



359 



Shipowners— Ck>nUnmd. 
Cowan David, New-road 
Doeg W. 10, Eldon-place 
Dukes M. 1, Hood-street, 

Sandyford-lane 
Farrage J. 20, Simpson-st 
Glaholni J. 77, Close 
Graham E. Watergate, Quay 
Gray G. 2, St. James 's-st 
Henderson, G. 13, Howard- 
street 
Hodgson K. W. 33, Quay 
Hutchinson E. 1, Union -ter 
Jameson K. 9, Eegent-street 
Liddle J. 31, Kichmond-st 
Miller J. 40, Eldon-street 
Milvain H. N. Elswick Hall 
Nichol, Ludlow, & Company, 

Watergate, Quay 
Ogle T. 2, Union-street 
Ormston J. 58, Quay 
Eobertson J. J. 1, Byron-st 
Eussell G. G. 5, Queen-sq 
Robson C. 7, Suramerhill-ter 
Scott J. 0. 28, Quay 
Smith C. & Son, ], Broad- 
chare 
Smith T. & W. Broad-chare 
Storey R. Fenwick's entry 
Strachan John, Broad-chare 
Swan R. W. 38, Eldon-street 
Swan R. Trinity-chambers 
Swan W. 13, Blackett-street 
Taylor E, 53, Leazes-ter 
Thompson Mark, Quay-side 
Watson R. 10, Nixon-street 
Wilkin J. Jesmond-place 
Wilson Alexander, Victoria- 
terrace, Shieldtield 
Wilson J. Prospect-place, 
Shieldfield 

Shot Mamifacturers 

Locke, Blackett, & Co. Gal- 
low-gato Lead Works 

Walker, Parker, Walkers, & 
Co. Elswick Lead Works 

Silver and Goldsmiths 

See also Jeioellers. 

Lister W. & Son, 16 and 17, 

Mosley-street 
Mather J. 13 and 14, Dean J. 
Reid and Sons, 14, Grey-st 
Seweli T. 106, Side 
Teri7 J. 58, Grey-street 
Walton J, Painter-heugh 



Slaters and Slate Merchant 

Beck E. Gallow-gate 
Burnup J. and W. 38, West 

Clayton-street 
Forsyth L. 82, Pilgrim-street 
Middleton J. 44, Quay 
Potts James, Broad-chare 
Shevill T. Liverpool-street 
Tueart Stephen, slater, tyler, 

and builder in general., 5, 

Pandon-bank 
Youll Wilham and Robert, 

Leazes-lane 

Smiths 

See also Engineers, Mill- 
wrights, and Farriers. 

Marked * are also Bell Hangers. 
, , t are also Ship Smiths. 

*Alder T. High-bridge 
Bainbridge J. Love-lane 
*Bell & Turnbull, 6, Postern 
+Bell J. Nelson-st North-sh 
Blacklock John, West Bland- 
ford -street 
Bragg H. 15, Wellington-st 
Brewis J. New-road 
Brown J. 91, Percy-street 
Bulman J. Back-lane 
*Cumming W. Hinde-street 
*Donkin D. 28, High Friar-st 
+Easten T. Tyne-street 
*Elliott J. and Son white- 
smiths, Low Friar-street 
Ferguson R. St. Nicholas's- 

square 
+ Gallon J. sen. Clarence-st 
Gallon John, jun. ship, &c. 

Blue Anchor-chare 
Gallon W. Brewery-bank 
* Graham J. Forth-banks 
Hall J. 2, Oak's-place 
*Hall R. Scotch Arms-yard 
Hall G. Taylor's-court 
Hall Wm. Wallace, & smith 
in general, 6, Thornton- 
street; ho. Hare-sn-eet 
*Howdon J. St. Lciwrence 
Howdon William, ct smith in 
general, and kitchen range 
manufacturer, &:c. Church- 
hill-cottages, I31enheim-st; 
ho. Duke-street 
Hownam John, Byker-hill 
Heron G. and Son, South-st 
Hogg J. Stepney-bank 



Hopper A. & R. ship smiths 
and joiners, Coney-close 
and Nelson-st, North-shore \ 
Hunter J. Fighting Cocks-yd * 
Hutton G. 79, Pilgrim-street ■ 
Jackson J. W. and machinist, j 
21, Westgate j 

*Jackson R, 70, Westgate-st 
Jackson Robert, and bell- \ 
hanger, 70, Westgate-st i 

Johnson William, Forth-ter i 
Kirton William, blacksmith, 
cartwright, and farrier, 
Denton Hill -head, near 
Newcastle 
Larment M. 174, Pilgrim-st 
Latty J. New-road i 

* Melrose J. Erick-street ] 

+Rowell S. Clarence-street ■ 

Scott A. D. Victoria Market : 
Scott J. New-road ; 

*ScottW. Manor-chare j 

Smith J. Hall's-ct Newgt-st ' 
*Stoddart John, Low Friar-st 
Thompson T. F. Gallow-gate ; 
Tinn John and Son, Close j 

Waterston Brothers, Elswick | 

Forge 
+Wheldon J. Clarence-street 
Winship R. Byker-bar i 

*Youll J. 74, Northumber- ' 
land-street 

Solicitors 

Abbs C. 51, Westgate-street ' 
Adamson John & Sons, 16, 

Clayton-street West 
Allan R. M. & M. 54,Dean-st ] 
Anderson J. Westmoreland i 

House, Westgate-street j 

Armstrong P. 9, Mosley-st : 
Beckington C. Lax's-court 
Bell Octavius,57,Westgate-st 
Bolton G. Westgate-street ; 

Bownas G. 8, Sandhill | 

Blacklock J. 62, Grey-street 
Brewis G. 21, Grej^-street ; 

Brockett W. E. 50, Dean-st ! 
Brown and Son, 23, Side 
Browne W. J. Pilgrim-street .^ 
Chartres W. 74, Grev-street \ 
Chater T. & W. 21, Mosley-st , 
Clavering J. 37, Colliugwd.-st 
Clayton J. & AL Guildball 
Cockcroft L. M. 17, Grain^ 

ger-sti'eet J 

Cram G. W. 31, Dean-street \ 



\ 



860 



NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE 



Solioitora^ Gontmmd. 
Dixon T. 80, Grey street 
Dove T. 2, Northumberland- 
street 
Dunn W. 54, Pilgrim-street 
Edgcombe J. T. 17, Eldon-sq 
Ellison P. G. Arcade 
Eenwick H. W. Fanington-ct 
Eenwicks and Falconar, 38, 

West Clayton-street 
Fleming John, and agent to 
the Life Association, Scot- 
land, and also solicitor to 
theFreight and Demurrage 
Association, Newcastle, 52, 
Westgate-street 
Forster G. & clerk to Guar- 
dians and super, registrar. 
Pilgrim-street 
Forster M. & J. L. 80, Grey-st 
Eraser H. 24, Dean-street 
Gee E. H. 18, Percy-street 
Gibson G. T. Bank-buildings 
Green R. Y. 34, Mosley st 
Griffith & Crighton, Arcade 
Griffiths E. Bank-buildings 
Hall Edward, 45, Pilgrim-st 
Hewison I. 48, Westgate-st 
Hodge & Harle, 70, Grey-st 
Hoyle J. T. 72, Grey-street 
Ingledew & Daggett, 55, 

Dean street 
Jobhng M.L. 53, Westgate-st 
Joel J. G. 60, Grey-street 
Johnston W. 36, Mosley-st 
Keenlyside Thos. 16, West- 
gate- street 
Harle William Lockey, 2, 

Butcher-bank 
Lambert E. 32, Market-street 
Laws and Glynn, 14, Grey-st 
Leadbitter E. 50, Westgate-st 
Mather E. 70, Grey-street 
Philipson E. P. 18, Sandhill 
Punshon N. K. 24, Dean-st 
Eadford J. 80, Grey-street 
Eeed G. B. Bank-buildings 
Eeed S. 44, Grey-street 
Eidley J. 45, Westgate-street 
Scaife J. 35, Pilgrim-street 
Spencer E. 29, Sandhill 
Stable & Dees, 58, Pilgrim-st 
Stanton P. H. 23, Sandhill 
Stoker J. G. 50, Pilgrim-st 
Story H. 32, Market-street 
Swan and Burnup, 50, Pil- 
grim-street 



Wailes G. Arcade 

Watson J. 11, Eoyal Arcade 

Wanless W.41, Coliingwood- 

Welford E. D. 27, Market-st 
Welford and Pemberton, 16, 

West Clayton-street 
Wynne Wm. 40, Mosley-st 

Stationers 

See also Booksellers and 
Stationers. 
Marked * are wholesale. 
* Crawford A. R. 12, Dean-st 
Christie Juo. 2 & 3, Nelson-st 
Crothers E. 121, Pilgrim-st 
*Forster & Hara, 26, Side 
Fordyce Wm, 59, Pilgrim-st 
Franklin William Edward, 
and bookseller and news- 
agent. Central Eailway 
Station, and at the other 
stations of the York, New- 
castle, and Berwick Eail- 
way, and 14, Eoyal Arcade 
♦Gallon & Parker, 8 and 71, 

Close 
♦Huntley J. 17, Side 
Kaye WilHam, 5, Blackett-st 
Mitford Thomas 8, Union-st 
Ormston & Smith, 69, Quay- 
side 
Parker John and Co. 40, 

Sandhill 
*Pigg J. 68, Pilgrim -street 
*Eobinson E. 31 & 32, Side 
♦Simpson T. and Son, 15, 

Dean-street, and 2, Side 
♦Temple 1. 11, Butcher-bank 
Turner R. 72, Grey-street 

Stay & Corset Makers 

Anderson Ann,32,Blackett-st 
Dawson E. 19, Newgate-st 
Hay Emma P. 44, Grainger- 

street 
Helme Isabella, 33, Side 
Lumley Deborah,16,Colling- 

wood-street 
Potts Eleanor, 35, Northum- 
berland-street 
Eeid W. J. 40, Dean-street 
Shields Jane S. 15, Percy-st 
Thompson Ann, 16, North- 
umberland-street 
Wake Isabella, J, Side 



Steel Spring Manufacturers 

Cookson C. E. & Co.South-st 

Spencer J. & Son, Newburn; 

office, 78, Westgate-street 

Stencillers and Colourers 

Archbold T, (xallow-gate 
Archbold W. Newgate-court 
Currie W. 38, LowFriar-st 
Messenger J. 22, High-bridge 
Proud W. F. Bath-lane 
Eichardson Elizb.Newgate-st 
Eichardson J. sen. 7, Liver- 
pool-street 
Wallace Wm. 87, Pilgrim-st 

Stone Merchants 

Appleby & Davison, West 

Grove Quarry 
Barnett Henry, and builder, 

5, Seaham-slreet 
Jeffrey George, and builder, 

Grove Quarry 
Makepeace G. Elswick-lane 
Peudham Stone Co. G. 

Walker, agent, 15, West 

Clayton-street 
Eobson E. Carliol-sc^uare 

Stove, Grate, and Fender 

Manufacturers 
Gumming C. 3, Hiude-street 
Donkin D. High Friar-street 
Holmes J. Fighting Cocks-yd 
Mather J. 13 & 14, Dean-st 
Walker W. H. 83 and 84, 
Percy-street 

Straw Bonnet Makers 

Auckland Ann, Pitt-street 
Benson Mary, 186, Pilgiim-st 
Bourne H. & warehouseman, 

21, Grainger-street 
Dobinson Ann, 4, W. Pittsfc 
Ellison Mtlda. lll,Pilgrim-st 
Fawcett Isabella & Margaret, 

34, Blandford-street 
Gibson Ann, 113, Percy-st 
Gordon E. Temple-street 
Guthrie H. Erick-street 
Hall W. 9, Blackett street 
Hardy Elizb. 21, Market-st 
Harrison Elizab. Manor-chr 
Harrison Mrgt. Manor-chare 
Heppell Margaret Ann, 20, 

Grainger-street 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY. 



861 



Straw Bonnet Makers— Conf^Z. 

Innes J. & M. Stamford- 

ham-place 
Lightfoot Elizabeth & Maiy 

Arm, Byker-bank 
Eiley Dthy.& Ann, 19,Hill-st 
Eobiuson J. P. & Co. 60, 

Grainger-street 
Eobinson Margt. Buxton st 
Eoutleclge Jane, 67, New- 
gate-street 
Skelton Ann, 16, Prudhoe-st 
Turnbull Hannah, Dispen- 
sary-lane 
Whitehead Bridgetj'Wesley-st 
"Wren W, and straw plait, 20, 

Market-street 
Young Margt. 5, Blackett-pl 

Straw Hat & Plait Dealers 
Boume Henry, and Avare- 
houseman,2L, Grainger-st 
Wren W. 20, Market-street 

Surgeons 
See also Physicians 
Alexander J. 15, Northum- 
berland -st.&16,Saville-row 
Allison H. P. 1, Ptegent-ter 
Annandale T. 62, Northum- 
berland-street 
Bates Jno. M. 17,Westgate-st 
Birley Geo. 3, Pdchmond-st 
Bleazby K. W. 63, Northum- 
berland-street 
Boyd W. 5, Marlboro'-cres 
Burnup Martin, M.D. Edin, 
andM.E.C.S.Eng.9, Der- 
went-place 
Carr W, 9, Newgate-street 
Chambers P. T. 76, New- 
gate-street 
Clark G. N. 10, Newgate-st 
Edgcome J, 94, Pilgrim-st 
Elliot H. Homeopathic Dis- 
pensary, 13, Northumber- 
land-street 
Elhot W. 31, Newgate-st 
Featherstonhaugh H. 3, New 

Bridge-street 
Fife Sir J., W. 11. & J. B. 

Plood-street 
Fife W. H. Summerhill Hse 
Forster J. E. 19, Union-st 
Frost S. M. 29, Oxford-st 
Furness T. A. 11, Percy-st 
Gibb J. Tyne-street 



Gibson Chas. M.D. 6, Clay- 
ton-street West 
Gilchrist J. L. Welhngton-pl 
Greenhow H. H. 28, Eldon-sq 
Greenhow Thomas M. 28, 

Blackett-street 
Gregson T.L. 13, Westgate-st 
Harvey H. 30, Newgate-st 
Hawthorn J. New Bridge-st 
Heath G. Y. 33, Market-st 
Heath H. 11, Bigg Market 
Hood G. Y. 31, Westgate-st 
PAnson W. Arthur's- hill 
Lang J. 21, Eldon-square 
Larkin C. 11, Fenkle-street 
Lenders Hugh B. 1, Union-st 
Liddell J. 100, Pilgrim-street 
Lightfoot E. T. 65, Northum- 
berland-street 
Mc.Nay T. F. 9, Gibson-st 
Manford F. W. New Bridge-st 
Miller J. 45, Westgate-street 
Nesham W.l,Northumbld.-st 
Newton W. 5, Hood-street 
Potter H. G. 3, Jesmond 

High-terrace 
Preston W. C. 5, New 

Bridge-street 
Preston W. C. 5, New Brdg.-st 
Preston W. 4, Bath-row 
Eayne S. W. 46, Westgate-st 
Sang J. 1, Charlotte- square 
Stokes H. C. 51, Blackett-st 
Talmadge J. H. 63, North- 

umberland-street 
ThompsonT.Y.NewBridge-st 
Winship W. 7, Percy-street 

Surgical Instrument, Truss, 

and Bandage Makers 
Clark E. 33, Mosley-street 
Donaldson H. 68, Grey-street 
Marley S. 70, Westgate-st 
McQueen E. 45, Grainger-st 
Sharp J. 26, Market-street 

Tailors 

See also Drapers — Woollen, 
and also Outfitters. 

Marked * are also Drapers, 
Aisbitt Joseph, Shield-street 
Aitkin D. Seam-street 
♦Armstrong J. 38, Mosley-st 
Atkinson W. H. 12, Pandou- 

bauk 
Bainbridge B. Cut-bank 
Banks E. 2, Waterloo-sti-eet 
y3 



* Banks Martha, 76, North- 

umberland-street 

* Barton S. and Son, 37, 

Market-street 
Beach J. 7, Princess-street 
Bell H. 2, Bell's-court 
Best A. 13, George-street 
Best John, 13, Terrace-place 
Bews T. 90, West Claylon-st 
Blair G. 89, West Clayton-st 
Blair G. 4, Hedley-place 

* Bowmaker J. 53, West 
Clayton-street 

Bowmaker N. F. 82, Blen- 
heim-street 

Brannon Thomas, 182, Pil- 
grim-street 

Brown W. 17, Nun-street 

Brown T. Sandgate 

Buckley J. Gallow-gate 

* Burnand E. 101, Pllgrim-st 
Bulmer Geo. 38, High-brdg 
Byers W. Sandgate 

Cairn cross Jno. 113, Pil- 
grim street 
Carr John, Ouseburn 
Carr John, 17, Westgate-st 
Chantler AV. 28, Mosley-st 
Chatto E. 39, Villa-place 
Chisholm T. S. 5, George-st 
Clark G. 2, St. Martin's-ct 
Clark T. 5, Thornton-street 
Cockerton G. 96, Side 
Curry M. 17, Blenheim-st 

* Currie E. 90, East Clayton - 

street 
Cooper S. 15, Edward-street 
Crosier E. 44, Prudhoe-st 
Davis J. Castle-garth 
Dawson W. Lax's-court 
Dixon Henry, 57, Grey-street 
Dixon J. 8, West Blandford- 

street 
Dixon J. Brandling-village, 

shop, ].7, Gallow-gate 
Dodds C. Queen-street 

* Dransfield J. 54, Grey-st 
Easton J. Scaife's-court; 
Easton M. 24, Market-st 
Elder Thomas, Grinding-ch 
Elliot N. 34, W. Clavton-st 
Elliott J. 51, Groat . -ket 
Elliott W. 70, W. Clayion-st 
Emanuel Lewis, 16, Dean-st 
Emmerson Stephen, 6, ^U- 

bion-place 
Ferguson F. 27, Suudrld.-st 



m 



SEWCASTLt-lTPON-TTNiT 



Tailors -Continued. 
Fisher J. 16, George-street 
Forster J. 17, G-rainger-street 
Forster J. 82, Pilgrim-street 
Forster T. 47, High-bridge 
Forster T. 82, Pilgrim-street 
Gibb G. East Ballast-hills 
Gibson T. 60, Pilgrim-street 
Gilly J. 73, Blandford-street 
Glendinning John, 1 and 2, 

* Blackgate 

Grahamsley J. 25, Castle-gth 
Grant S. 11, Blandford-street 
Green S. Grown Inn-yard, 

Westgate 

* Hall & Holloway, 64, Grey- 

street 
Hall E. 8, King-street 
Harper J. 13, W, Bckngm-st 

* Harrison C. AV. 62, Grey-st 
Haves G. 22, Bigg Market 
Haves Thos. 10,St. John's-ln 
Henderson J. Wesley-street 
Henderson Matthew, Byker- 

hill 
Henderson N. 18, Stowell-sq 
Henderson Wm. merchant, 

Sandyford-lane 
Hildreth J. 1, Princess-street 
Hindmarsh W. 30, Crescent- 
place 

* Hodgshon G. 71, Grey-st 
Hood T. 16, Percy-street 
Howe J. 8, Bath-row 
Hume W. Zion-court, "West- 

gate-street 
Hunt H. 155, Pilgrim-street 

* Hutton and Khind, 36, 

Mosley-street 
Hutchinson John, Byker-hill 
Hymers E. 10, Blackgate 
Ingles A. L. Oak's-place 
Ireland J. Carliol-square 
lung A. East Clayton-street 
Jackson H. 7,Wellington-ter 
Johnston T. Churchill-street 

* Joseph B. &Co. 78, Grey-st 
Joyce E. 2, Blandford-street 
Kennedy David, 133, Pilgrim- 
street 

* Kettle J. 20, Quay 

Laird D. 5, Castle-garth-strs 
Lithco Eobert, Ballast-hills 
Lucas J. 4, Charlotte-square 
Mafham F. Leazes-lane 
Main Edw. & Co. 8, Grey- 
- street 



Manuel Lewis, 15, Dean-st 
Mather Wm. 18, Churchill- 
street 
Maughan William, merchant 
tailor, 12, Plummer-street, 
Scotswood-road 
McDonald, J. 8, Collingwd-st 
McEwan W. Dog-bank 
I\rcGew J. 184, Pilgrim-st 
McNally J. 29, High Friar-st 
Metcalf E. Lime-street 
Milhgan W. 23, Castle-garth 
Mills J. 15, Percy-street 
Moffatt A, Zion-court, West- 
gate-street 
Mofifet E. 112, Side 
Mole Anthony, Scotswood-rd 
Nairn J. 75, Northumber- 
land-street 
Newton J. C. 2, Castle-garth 
Newton J. C. Postern 
Nicholl Thomas, S.merchant 
tailor & clothier, 1, West- 
gate-street 
Nichol W. 27, Pilgrim-street 
Nixon T. 6, Bath-row 
Norrie A. 38, Bigg Market 
Ormston J. 51, Elswick-st 
Peacock G. 24, E. Clayton-st 
Petch E. Buxton-street 
Petre W. 11, Westgate-street 
Pigg A. 65, Grainger-street 

* Pigg E. & J. 92, Pilgrira-st 
Portous Jos. 1, Spital-place 

* Pringle T. 43, Grey-street 

* Eedshaw J. Collingwood-st 
Eeed T. 5. WilHam-street 
Eemfry W. No, 1 Court, 

Stowell-street 
Eichardson M. 19, St. John's- 

lane 
Eidley George, Wesley-st 
Eidley Wm. 10, Waterloo-st 
Eobson A. Byker-bar 
Eobson H. 21, Hedley-street 
Eoss John, merchant tailor, 

Scotswood 
Scarlet G. 31, Collingwood-st 
Scott Henry, 9, E. Clayton-st 
Scott J. 48, Grainger-street 
Scott L. Temple-street 
Scott T. 51, W. Clayton-st 
Shotton J. Byker-bar 
Sinclair A. 1 2, Castle-garth 
Souls.by W. Spring-street 

* Snowdon H. 4, Blackett-st; 
house, Shield-street 



Snowdon A, Tyne-street 
Spence T. H. 1, Sandhill 

* Stark W. 9, Dean-street 
Stark and Johnson, 80, Grey- 
street 

* Stewart G. 21, Dean-street 
Straughan J. 49, Crescent-pl 
Strong W. Carhol-street 
Stuart P. Hill's-place 77, 

Pilgrim-street 
TaUantire G. 21,0yster-shell- 

lane 
Tearse W. Fenkle-street 

* Teasdale T. 106, East Clay- 

ton-street 

* Thompson J.20,Blackett-st 
Thompson J.T.Temperance- 

row 
Thompson W. 13, Prudhoe- 

street 
Thomson T. Pitt-street 
Turnbull J. 4, Dispensary-ln 
Walker J. High Friar-lane 
Walton T. Todd's -nook 
Wardle J. Vine-lane 
Weallens C. J. 30, Bayley-st. 
Whinnem W. 3, Castle-garth 
Wilkin B. 14, Wellington-ter 
Wile J. 41, Gibson-street 
Willins G. 3, Mansfield st 

* Wilson E. 55, Grey-street 
Wilson E. & Co. 66, Grey-st 
WoRKiNft Tailors' Associa- 
tion, 4, Grainger-street 

Tallow Chandlers 
Allan M. 31, Sandhill 
Allon Cath. Ann, Sandgate 
Dryden H. 83, W. Clayton-st 
Fawcett J. & J. Scotch Arms- 
yard, Bigg Market 
Fittes J. 6, Low Friar-street 
Glaholm, E. 4, Pudding-ch. 
HumbleThomas,Bells-close; 

house, Scotswood 
Hutchinson M. 7, St. Nicho- 

las's-church -yard 
Ions J. 7.1 , Westgate-street 
Maddison J. 22, Newgate-st 
Nesham W. 4, Bigg Market 
Nesham W. 1, New Bridge- 
street 
Eidley Thomas, Black-gate, 

Castle-garth 
Watson E. 5, Cloth Market 
Whinfield E. C. and Co. 85 
and 86, Pilgrim-street 



eiiASSIFIED DIRECTORY. 



^6S 



Tanners 

Angus H. G4, Newgate-street 
Bargate G. & Co. Darncrook 
Brown T. Westgate 
Harrison E. Stepney-bank 
.Liddell C. and J. Darncrook 
Mason and Co. Kiclimond-pl 
Pattison R. & Son, Gallow-gt 
Park John, Temple-court 
Pearson L. Blagdon-street 
PriestmanJ.Dispensary-lane 
Eichardson J, & E. 66, New- 
gate-street 
Eutlierford Chas. and Thos. 

West Blandford-street 
Sillick J. Scotch Arms-yard 

Tea Dealers 

See also Gh'ocers and Tea 
Dealers. 
' James C. 8, Grey-street 
Mouat P. & Co. 21, Market-st 
Sidney & Eay, 27, Grey-street 
Smith Barthlw. 9, Oxford-st 
Wilson Eobert, A. wholesale, 

55, Westgate-street 
Wood J. 34, John-street 

Temperance Hotels and 
Boarding Houses 

Bell E. P. 7, Grey-street 
Gibson E. 5, Nun-street 
Grey T. 12, West Claytou-st 
•James EHzabeth, 136, Pil- 
grim-street 
MilburnG.13,WestClayton-st 
Potts J. commercial, 15,New- 

gate-street 
Eobinson J.l, Collingwood-st 
Simpson H. 26, Grainger-st 
Walmsley J. J. 33, Mosley-st 
Wilcke Thos. 55, Grey-street 

Timber Measurer and 
Scriever 

Humphrey Wm. E. Borers'' 
Arms Inn, Nelson-street, 
North-shore 

Timber Mercliants 

Armstrong H. 32, Northum- 
berland-street 

Burnup W. & C. and saw mill- 
owners, &c. Barras-bridge 

Caldwell Eobert, 19, Broad- 
chare 

Carr and Co. 25, Broad-chare 



Clayton & Armstrong, Skin- 
ners '-burn 
Cowan D. & Son, New-road 
Dobson W. Manors 
Doeg and Skelton, 12, Broad- 
chare 
Graham J. Albion-street 
Hair J. and Co. St. Peter's- 

quay ; office, 21, Quay 
Hardy G. H. Stepney-field 
Hardy P. and D. Manors 
HarleW.cfe Co. St. Lawrence; 

office. Trinity-chambers 
Harland John, Thornton-st 
Hindhangh N. (Eepresen- 

tatives of) Ouseburn 
Hood A. & Co. 21, Broad-ch 
Lawrence J. jun. 55, Quay 
Middleton J. 14, Quay 
Muse M. Skinners'-burn, 

Close 
Palmer G. & C. M. 29, Quay 
Eennoldson and Farley, 33, 

Quay, and Ouseburn 
Eickelton W. Forth-banks 
Eobson T. 8, Albert-terrace 
SouthernW. Eewcastle-chare 

Tin and Iron Plate Workers 
and Braziers 

Boston E. 27, W. Clayton-st. 

and 69, Percy-street 
Christie J. and Co. 2, Low 

Friar-street 
Cox W. St. Mary's-street 
Ellison J. & W. 157, Pilgrim- 
street 
Fearney N. 63, Blackett-st 
Gill E. Clarence -street 
GoldieThomas, and gas fitter, 
St. Ann's-street, Sandgate 
Hetherington J. 6 7, Grainger- 

Hills J. 11, & 175,Pilgrim-st. 

and New Market 
Hogg M. 68, Side 
Little J. H. 81, Newgate-st 
McKay John, Elswick-lane 
Patterson J. High Friar-st 
Pearson AV. 7, Ordstreet 
Proctor T. 105, Side 
Eobson John, 1, Back Els- 
wick street 
Eobson J. 105, Percy-st 
Eobson E. 124, Pilgrim-st 
SeweU E. Cloth Market 
Wheatley A, H. Clarence-st 



Tobacco and Snuff Dealers 

Marked * are Manufacturers 
*Anderson & Young, 17, Side 
*Dickinson W. O. 62, Head 

of the Side 
ElHot J. 11, Dean-street 
FinlayJ.H. 2 1, Collingwood-st 
Fleming W. 5, Nun-street 
Graham J. 18, Bigg Market 
*Gray T. 59, Grey-street 

* Harvey J. & J. S. 39, Head 

of the Side 
Hopper J. 47, Pilgrim-street 
Mouat P. & Co. 10, Grain- 
ger-st, and 21, Market-st 
Parker W. 134, Pilgrim-st 
Prendergast J. B. Arcade 
Eichardson J. 13, Dean-st 
Smith E. 41, Grey-street 

* Spencer M. H. 2, Sandhill 
Stark J. 24, East Clayton-st 
Tate G. 7, Sandhill 
Telfer John, 5, Nun-street 
*WardT. E.'&Co. 6,Union-st 
Weir S. 30, Mosley-street 
Young John, 134, Pilgrim-st 

Toy Dealers 

Barnasconi C. New Market 
Elliott Ann, New Market 
Lascelles J. New Market 
Mastaglio V. 23 & 24, Grain- 

ger-street 
Molteni C. 25, Grainger-st. 

and 26, Grey -street 
Origoni J, & Co. 34, Dean-st 
Quinlan M. New Market 
Tarelli A. & Son, 41 & 42, 

Dean-street 

Turners 

BateyJ. 162, Pilgrim-street 
Coates T. Bird-in-bush-yard 
Hall W. Newgate-street 
Mills G. Scotch Arms-yard 
Pickersgill John, Trafalgar-st 
Eowley F. Newgate-street 
Spencer E. Groat Market 
Taylor C. 48, Pilgrim-street 
Walker Michael, Orchard-st 
Wright J. 58, Groat Mai'ket 
Wright M. 38, BiggMai-ket 

TTmbrella & Parasol Makers 
Bianchi C. 14, Pilgrim-street 
Brown Ann, 4, Mosley-sti'eet 
, Scott J. 140, Pilgrim-sti-eet 



364 



NEWCASTLE-UPON-TY^^E 



TJpliolsterers 
See also Cahimt Makers, and 
Cabinet Makers and Joiners. 
Alderson T. 20, St. John's-ln 
Barker John, &; upholsterer, 

20, Yine-lane 
Cui-rie Mrgt, 21, Blenheim-st 
Cuthbeitson J. W. 11, Lisle-st 
Davisou Jane, 2S, Xun-street 
Ferguson Mrs.2G,Terrace-pl 
Hepper W. 27, Nelson-street 
Lamb Nathaniel, Xuu-street 
Lamb Wm. 22, Bigg Market 
:\Iather T. 102, Percy-street 
Pvumford C. 7, Green-court 
Sopwith Thomas &: John, & 

cabinet-makers, Sandyford- 

lane ; showrooms in North- 

umberland-sireet 
Taylor M. Gosforth-street 
Thompson J. Xev/ Bridge-st 

Veterinary Surgeons 

Coekburn J. St. John's-lane 
Heads J. 31, Pudding-chare 
Hunter A. Eankin's-court 
Hunter J. Fighting Cocks-yd 
Hutton (t Wilkinson, 79, Pil- 

grim-sti'eet 
PluesLtKine, 28, TVestgate-st 
Scott E. M.E.A'.C.L.Mnor-ch 
Stephenson C. Scotch Arms- 

yai-d, Bigg ]vlarket 

■WalMng Stick Manufacturer 
Lockey John, wholesale, 13, 
Seam street 

Warehousemen 
Shield G. R. and Co. iTau- 

chester. Grey-street 
"Wilkinson J. 15, Shakspr.-st j 

Watch and Clock Makers | 
See also Clock Makers 

Marked * are Chronometer 

Makei-s. t are Jewellers i 
Eaiiey S. 52, Quay I 

Brugger M. 26, Nun-street ! 
Burn Robt. T. 75. Grey-st j 
Carmichael R. i.Maiiboro'-st 
Donald A. E. 54, Grey-street 
*Douald &: Son. SO, Grev-st 
Fairweather T. G6, Quay 
Foi-ster J. 39, Broad-chare 
tFrench T, Y.141, Pilgrim-st ' 



Gregson T. 4, CoUingwood-st j 
Hodgson Chas. jun. 11, New- 

gate-street ; 

Kinnear ]\lichl. clock, High j 

Friar-street ! 

Kirton '\^. 14, CoUingwood-st | 
+Lister "\V. & Sons, 16 and 

17, Mosley -street 
iMayerK. clock, 91,Newgate-st 
Middleraiss :\I. 8, Bigg Mkt 
Potts E. 11, Nun-street 
*+Reid & Sons, 14, Grev-st 
Robson W. E. 8, Cloth Mkt 
Sewell T. 106, Side 
Stuart G. Ridley-court 
+Terry J. 58, Grey-street 
+Thomp3on R. Arcade 
Tinkler N. W. Clai'ence-st. 

North-shore 
Tweedy "W. 10, King-sti-eet 
Watson R. 19, Cloth Market 
Wilson W: 105, Pilgrim-st 
Whitnell T. Gallowgate 



Watch Glass Manufacturers 
Boston & Co. 40, Groat Mkt 
Bunn R. T. 75, Grey-street 
Foggin "Wm. & Co. Manor-st 
Gallon E. 39, Newgate-st 
Gallon Ellis '& Margaret, 20, 

"Westgate-street 
Gallon J. R. 20, Cloth Mkt 
Gallon W. 58, Newgate-st 
Hill Jacob, East Ballast-hills 
Joel S. & M. Shakspeai-e-st 
McGregor A. 5, Union-st 
Terrv J. 58, Grev-street 
Wake W. 24, Groat Market 

Weighing Machine and Scale 

Makers 
Bai-tlett C. and Co. 16, West- 
gate-street 
Donkin David, High Friar-st 
Elliott J. & Son, Low Friar-st 
Stoddart J. Low Friar-street 
Wallace T. Westgate-street 

Wharfingers 
Can- L. S. 34, Broad-chare 
Clarke and Dunn, 76, Quay 
Gell Geo. Yarmouth Steam- 
wharf, New-quay 
Laing W. jun. New-quay 
Nichol, Ludlow, & Company, 

Watergate, Quay 
Ormston P. 58, Quay 



Oi-mston J. Clarence-street 

and 58, Quay 
Parker A. and Co. New-quay 

and 50, Quay 
Siorey R. Fenwick's-entry 

Whip & Thong Manufacturers 

Blyth J. 7, Newgate-street 
Lunn R. Bigg Market 
TilSn R. 2, Grain ger-street 

Wine and Spirit Merchants 

ZVIarked * are Spirit only. 
Angus John, 41, Percy-street 
Bell H. 21-22, St. John's-lane 
Bells, Robson, & Co. North- 
shore 
Beugo J. 88,Blandford-sti'eet 
Carr and Co. 25, Broad -chare 
Clark J. Paiater-heugh 
Clark Mary, 4, St. Nicholas's- 

church-yard 
*Don D. 58, Quay 
*Duulop James U. Quay- 
side 
*Emott H. 39, High-bridge 
Fenwick E. E. Clayton ArmSf 

43, West Clavton-street 
Fiulay & Scott, 47, Bigg Mkt. 
Geldard and Scott, Mauor-st 
Glenton F. 10, Close 
Johnson & Co. 23, Market-st 
Johnson J. Manor-chare 
Kirkpatrick W. D. and Co. 

Man or- street 
Lamb F. H. X- Co. 15, Side 
Lambert and Co. 30, Dean-st 
Lawson John, 67, West Clay- 

ton-sti-eet 
Laybourn A. S: Co. 47, Groat 

Market 
Liddell R. 79, Grey-sti'eet 
Luston A. Ridley-court 
Miller W. 32, Bigg Market 
Monkhouse, Anderson, and 

Fahbairn, 6, Side 
Naters R. Sandyford 
Nixon J. & Co. 24, Mosley-st 
Ogih-ie & Co. 167, Pilgrim-st 
Richai-dson J. 46, Newgate-st 
Ridley Ss Thompson, Lovc-lu 
Ridsdill Thos. 7, Market-st 
Robinson J. and Son, 18, 

Union-street 
Robson J. Manor-street 
Shield J. & Co. 34, Mai'ket-st 
Spence D.W.o, Shakspeare-st 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY. 



B6d 



Wine and Spirit Merchants 

Continued . 
Stokoe & Co. 45, Grey-street 
Surtees & Co. 14, Sandhill 
Taylor W. 36, High Friar-st 
Temperley T. 5, Bridge-end 
Turnbiill & Wood, 17, Grain - 

ger-street 
*Welford W. Bum-bank 
Wright J. & Co, 40, Tligh-by 



Wright P. 88, Side 
Wylani K. & Co. 77, Quay 

Wire Workers 

Brown T. & Sons, 35,Percy-st 

Poggin&Signey, High-bridge 

Mountain W. and Sons, and 

importers, dealers, and 

builders of French burr 

millstones, 81, Pilgrim-st 



Woollen Manufacturer 

Clegg Solomon, and whole- 
sale rag merchant, and 
importer of foreign rags, 
and woo], Westgate wool- 
len-mill and New-road 

Woolstapler & Fellmonger 
Pearson J. Fleece-court, Gal- 
low-gatQ 



PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS, SOCIETIES, ETC. 



Benevolent Institutions and Societies 

Newcastle Infirmaky, Forth Banks. — • 
The Lord Bishop of Durham, grand visitor; 
the Duke of Northumberland, the Duke of 
Portland, Earl Grey, the Marquis of Bute, 
the Earl of Taukerville, and the Mayor of 
Newcastle, presidents ; Lord Ravensworth, 
Sir el. E. Swinburne, Bart. C. ElHson, Earl 
of Durham, Sir M. W. Ridley, Bart, and 
W. E. Beaumont, vice-presidents ; Thomas 
E. Headlara, consulting physician; Darnell 
Pullman, Da\ad B White, John Cargill, and 
John M. Bates, physicians ; G. Yeoman 
Heath, Thomas Annandale, Sir John Fife, 
and Henry G. Potter, surgeons ; Charles 
John Gibb, house surgeon ; M. R. Bigge, 
treasurer- Charles John Gibb, secretary; 
Rev George Herriot, M.A. chaplain ; Ehz. 
Dowson, matron. 

Newcastle Dispensary, Nelson-street. 
— The Duke of Northumberland, patron ; 
Jjord Ravensworth, Sir M. AV. Ridley, Bart. 
C. Elhson, John Hodgson Hinde, Matthew 
Bell, William Ord, the Mayor of Newcastle, 
and the Master of the Trinity House, presi- 
dents; J. Clayton, Joseph Lamb, Robert 
Ormston, and J.Priestman, vice-presidents ; 
George John Fen wick, treasurer ; Thomas 
Humble, M. D. secretary; Thos. E. Hec.l- 
lara, Darnell Bulman, Charles WightPian, 
David B.White, E. Charlton, and T. Humble, 
physicians ; John Hawthorn and T. A. Fur- 
ness, surgeons ; J. S, Pearse, resident 
medical officer. Annual meeting of gover- 
nors, the last Thursday in September. 



Newcastle Eastern Free Dispensary, 
50, Howard-street. — TheBishop of Durham, 
patron ; the Mayor of Newcastle, W. Ord, 
the Vicar of Newcastle, T. E. Headlam, and 
the Master of the Trinity Plouse, presidents ; 
R. M. Glover and George Robinson, physi- 
cians ; T. A. Furness and G. Y. Heath, 
surgeons ; C. T. Maling, treasurer ; R. Y. 
Green, secretary. 

Eye Infirmary, 3, Saville Row. — The 
Mayor ^of Newcastle, president; T. E. 
Pleadlam, consulting physician ; Sir John 
Fife, consulting surgeon ; T. M. Green- 
how and Joseph B. Fife surgeons ; Jos. 
Fairs, treasurer; Jno. Brown, sec. Thomas 
Craster, inspector ; and Mi's.Craster,matron . 
Anniversary Meeting in Mai-ch. All poor 
persons affected with diseases of the eye, 
applying at the institution, are admitted as 
patients without recommendation. 

Fever Hospital, Bath-lane. — l^^arl Grey, 
patron ; the Lord Bishop of Durham, presi- 
dent; John Anderson, treasurer; Thomas 
Humble, M. D. secretary ; John Cargill, 
physician ; John S. Pierce, house surgeon ; 
William Routledge, inspector, Mrs. Mary 
Routledge, matron. 

Northumberland and Newcastije Ho- 
MoeoPATHic Dispensary, 13, Northumber- 
land-street. — Charles A. Monck, John Thos. 
Carr, Rev. John F.Bigge,W. SydneyGibson, 
George Fenwick, and Thomas Hoyle, com- 
mittee of management ; Thomas Hayle, 
physician ; Henry Elliot, surgeon ; John 
Mawson, secretary. Anniversary Meeting 
in February. 



866 



KEWCASTLE-UPON-TTNE. 



Lying in-Hospital foe the Reception 
OE PooE Maeeied Women, New Bridge- 
street. — Sir Matthew White Eidley, Bart, 
president ; Rev.Thos.EohinsonGreen,M.A. 
chaplain ; Darnell Bulman, physician ; S. 
M.Frost, W.Nesham, and J. Sang, surgeons; 
Revds. J. CoUinson & R. Green, treasurers; 
R. C. Frost, secretary ; Mrs. Ann Waddring- 
ton, matron. Anniversary Meeting 1st of 
October. 

Ch.ajuty foe Pooe Maeeied Women 
Lying-in at theie own Houses. — Rev. 
Richard Clayton, treasurer ; Charles Wight- 
man and John Cargill, physicians ; J. S. 
Paget and William Xesham, surgeons. 

Royal Yictoeia Asylum eoe the In- 
DUSTEious Blind, Isortliumberland-street. 
Her ]Most Gracious Majesty, patron ; the 
Lord Bishop of Dm-ham, president; W. B. 
Ogden,treasurer ; Rev.RichardClayton,A.M. 
chaplain ; John Morrison and Joseph Wat- 
son, secretaries ; Mrs. Stoddart, matron ; 
jMiss Stoddart, assistant; J. Stoddart, 
manager ; Robert Spence, treasurer for 
North Shields and Tynemouth ; Thomas 
Scott, for South Shields; William Back- 
house, for Darlington ; G. H. Head, for 
Carlisle. Anniversary Meeting on the last 
Friday in June, and Quarterly Meetings on 
the last Fridays in September, Decem-ber, 
and March. 

NoETHEEN Counties Institution foe 
THE Deaf and Dumb, No. 8, Chartotte-sq 
The Duke of Northumberland, patron; 
the Lord Bishop of Durham, president; 
Rev. H. W. Wright, M.A. chaplain; 
A.H. Talmadge, medical attendant ; John 
Anderson, treasurer ; MajorYounghusband, 
Alnwick, Rev. J.Thwaytes, Carlisle, Samuel 
Rowlandson, Durham, Rev. C. Reed, North 
Shields, Rev. James Carr, South Shields, 
George Reed, Sunderland, local secretaries; 
William Neil, head master and secretary ; 
Mrs. Neil, matron. — This institution is 
open for visitors on Tuesdays and Thurs- 
days, from ten o'clock a.m. till one p.m. and 
from three to four o'clock p.m. Subscribers 
and strangers from the country may be ad- 
mitted on other days. 

Aged Female Society. — John Blackwell, 
treasurer ; J. Armstrong & G. A. Brumell, 
secretaries ; J. P. Irwin, collector. 

Female Penitentiaey, Diana-street. — 
The Mayor of Newcastle, patron ; R.Clayton, 
A.M. treasurer ; John Benson and Ralph 
Walters, secretaries ; Sarah Forster, female 
secretary ; Mrs. Robson, matron. 



Society pok the Protection of Fe- 
males, AND FOR THE PREVENTION OF PROS- 
TITUTION.^ — Daniel Oliver, treasurer; Thos. 
Boag, secretary ; J. P. Irwin, collector. 

Newcastle Repository, for the Sale 
OP THE Work of Indigent Females, 23, 
Grain ger-street. — The Duchess of Nor- 
thumberland, patroness ; Mrs. Bell, Mrs. 
Parker, Miss Clayton, Mrs. John Cookson, 
and Miss Barras, committee ; Mrs. E. N. C. 
HaU, matron; Walter S. Pringle, treasurer. 

Association for the Preservation op 
Life feom Shipwreck. — The Mayor of 
Newcastle, president; Robert Plummer, 
secretary. 

Keelmen's Hospital, New -road. — A. 
Hoggins, beadle. 

Literary and Scientific Societies, &c. 

ANTIQUAEL4.N SociETY, Castle, Castle- 
garth. — The Duke of Northumberland, 
patron ; Sir J. E. Swinburne, Bart, presi- 
dent; Sir C. M. L. Monck,Bart. J. Hodgson 
Hinde, and the Hon. H. T. Liddell, vice- 
presidents ; J. Adamson and E. Charlton, 
M.D. secretaries; John Adamson, treasurer. 
_ CentPvAl Exchange and Subsceiption 
News Room, Grey-street. — Francis Jackson, 
treasm-er; Thos. Brutnell, superintendent. 
College of Peactical Science, Barber 
Surgeons' Hall, Rye-hiU. — Wm. Dawson, 
M.D. medical registrar; R. B. Sanderson, 
jun. treasurer; George Robinson, M.D. 
secretary. 

LiTEEAEY AND PHILOSOPHICAL SoCIETY, 

Westgate-street. — T. E. Headlam, M.D. 
president; John Clayton, Rev. Robert C. 
Coxe, Rev. John Besly, and Robt. Stephen- 
son, M.P. vice-presidents ; R. R. Dees, 
treasurer; John Adamson and Jos. Wat- 
son, secretaries ; John Thornhill, libarian; 
Geo. Muras, sub -librarian. Anniversary 
meeting first Tuesday in February. 

LiTEEAEY, Scientific, and JMechanical 
Institution, Blackett-street. — Geo. Craw- 
shay, president; Earl Grey, William Ord, 
Thomas E. Headlam, M.P. Sir John Fife, 
William L. Harie, David B. White, M.D. 
Joseph Crawhall, John Dobson, Sir George 
Grey, ]M.P. and M. W. Lambert, -sice-presi- 
dents ; Robert Wallace, treasm-er ; J. L. 
Thornton and Jos. Shephard, secretaries, 
Arthm- Robson, librarian. Anniversary 
meeting on the first Monday in March. 

Museum of the Natural History 
Society, and the Liteeaey and Pheloso- 
PHicAL Society, Westgate-st. — TheDuke of , 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY. 



36Y 



Northnm'berland, patron jtlie Lord Bishop 
of Durham, president; Matthew Kobert 
Bigge, treasurer ; Dr. Charlton and J. 
Blacklock, secretaries; The Museum is 
open daily from eleven till four o'clock. 

Newcastle - upon - Tyne College of 
Medicine in Connection with the Uni- 
VEESiTY OF Durham, Neville-hall, Neville- 
street.— Coimcil : T. E. Headlam, M.D. 
president ; Eev. W. GreenAvell, M.A. prin- 
cipal of NeviUe-hall ; D. Embleton, M.D. 
Edward Charlton, M.D. D. Mackintosh, 
M.D. T. Humble, M.D. C. Gibson, M.D. 
G. Y. Heath, M.D. J. S. Pearse, M.E.C.S. 
secretary; Arthur LTmphelby, M.E.C.S. 
resident demonstrator and medical tutor; 
Christopher Holme, B.A. resident classical 
tutor. 

Newcastle-on-Tyne Farmers' Club. — 
Sir Matthew "White Eidley,Bart. president; 
Matthew BeU, G. H. Ramsay, J.P. W. 
Anderson, J.P. John Cookson, Edwin Cres- 
well, and H. G. Liddell, M,P. vice-presi- 
dents ; William Glover, secretary and 
treasurer. — Club room in Literary and 
Philosopliical Institution, Westgate-street ; 
open on,Tuesdays and Saturdays, from ten 
until six o'clock. Monthly meetings for 
discussions at half-past two p.m. on the first 
Saturday of each month. 

North of England Society for the 
Promotion of the Fine Arts. — The 
Lord Bishop of Durham, president ; John 
Anderson, treasurer ; T. Burnett and G. 
Crawshay, secretaries. 

St. Nicholas's Reading Room, Brick- 
layers' Hall, Castle-garth. — Adam Sin- 
clair, treasurer; Eobt. Moffat and. John 
White, secretaries ; John Bell, librarian. 

Tyneside, Naturalists' Field Club. — 
John Storey, secretary; Thomas Burnet, 
treasurer. 

BeligioTis and Moral Societies. 

Auxiliary to the London Missionary 
Society. — Joseph Mather, treasurer ; Rev. 
Alexander Reid & Jas. Wilson, secretaries. 

Bible Society. — G. Richardson, treasu- 
rer; Rev. J. C. Bruce, and Robert Dees, 
secretaries ; G. Richardson, sen. accountant 
and depositary ; John P. Irwin, Mansfield- 
street, Arthur's-hill, collector. 

Church Missionary Society. — WilUam 
Clayton Clayton, treasurer ; Rev. Richai'd 
Clayton, Rev. Henry W. Wright, and T. P. 
Balls, secretaries. 



Depot of Societyfor Promoting Chris- 
tian Knowledge, Blackett-street. — Wm- 
Kaye, libarian; Rev. W. H. Egan, B.A. 
secretary. 

Female Branch Association. — Mrs. 
John Fenwick, treasurer and secretary. 

Gospel Diffusion Society (late Gospel 
Tract Society). — Depot for Tracts, Weavers' 
Tower. — Wm. Nesham, treasurer; D. G. 
Moody, secretary; J, H. Rutherford, mis- 
sionary. 

Ladies' Branch Bible Association. — • 
Mrs. Priestman, treasurer ; Mrs. H. Rich- 
ardson, secretary. 

Newcastle Auxiliary to the British 
AND Foreign Anti-Slavery Society. — 
Matthew Forster and John L. Forster, 
secretaries. 

Newcastle Auxiliary to the Naval 
AND Military Bible Society. — Rev. E. S. 
Meggison and J. C. Lamb, vice-presidents ; 
Rev. H. W. Wright, secretary. 

Newcastle and Gateshead Local Com- 
mittee OF THE British Anti-state Church 
Association. — Thomas Emley, secretary ; 
William Anderson, treasurer. 

Newcastle and Gateshead Religious 
Freedom Society. — Walter S. Pringle, 
treasurer; James Potts, secretary. 

Newcastle and Gateshead Young 
Men's Christian Asssociation. — J. G. 
Fenwick, treasurer; J. B. Falconer, secre- 
tary ; A. Stringer, collector. 

Newcastle-on-Tyne and North of 
England Protestant Alliance. — Mr. 
Bennett, treasurer ; Robert Gillespie and 
Robert Walters, secretaries. 

Newcastle Religious Book Society. 
Rev. J. Davies, D.D. president ; John 
Anderson, treasurer ; Rev. F. Gouldstone 
and T. Humble, M.D. secretaries. 

Newcastle Sailors' Society. — Joseph 
Cowell, missionary; J. B. Alexander and 
James Potts, secretaries ; Charles W. 
Bennett, treasurer ; Mrs. John Robinson 
and Miss Forster, female secretaries. 

Nevt Court Auxiliary Baptist 
Missionary Society. — Thomas Shai'p, 
treasurer ; John Feu wick, secretary. 

Northern Association op Baptist 
Churches. — Rev. J.Pottingor, James Potts, 
Newcastle, Rev.R. B. Lancaster, and Thos. 
Bell, South Shields, Rev. J. D. Carrick, 
and J. Rennison, North Shields, executive 
committee, Henry Angus Wilkinson, Gates- 
head, secretary. — ^Annual session held in 
Whitsun week. 



368 



NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE 



North of England Sabbath Alli- 
ance. — T. H. Graham, president and trea- 
surer; Eev Eobert Henderson, secretary. 

NORTHUIVIBERLAND AND DdRHAM AUX- 
ILIARY Baptist Missionary Society. — 
Henry Angus, treasurer ; Thos. Pottenger, 
and J. W. Bell, secretaries. 

Peace Sooiety. — Edward Eichardson, 
treasurer ; Thomas P. Barkas and E. 
Ploskin, secretaries ; H. Eichardson, de- 
positarj\ 

Religious Tract Soceity. — John Fen- 
wdclv, treasurer; Eobert Walters and Thos. 
Leslie, secretaries ; AValter S. Pringle, 
depositary. 

Town Missionary and Scripture 
Readers' Society, 63, Grainger-street. — 
Robert AY alters, treasurer; Eev. Eichard 
Clayton & Eev. J.C. Bruce,x\.M. secretaries; 
J. P. Irwin, Collector. 

Miscellaneous Societies. 

Botanical and Horticultural Soci- 
ety of Durham, Northumberland. 
AND Newcastle-on-Tyne, Sliow Ground, 
Barras Bridge. — John Adamson, treasurer, 
George Belt, and Eobert Clay, secretaries. 

Girls' Eagged School, Gibson -street. — 
IMiss Ann Eichardson, treasurer; Mrs. 
Edward Eichardson, secretary. 

Keelmen's Society. — The Members of 
parliament for the Town, the Mayor and 
sheriff of Newcastle, four senior Aldermen, 
and the Governor and Nine Members of 
the Hostmen's Company, guardians ; T. 
Fairweather, secretary and treasurer. 

Law Society. — Edward Hall, president; 
Edward Glynn, vice-president; Eobert 
Eichardson I) ees,treasiu^er; Wm. Crighton, 
and James Eadford, secretaries. 

Ladies' Association for the Suppres- 
sion OF Intemperance. — Mrs. Benson, 
treasurer; Mrs Eobson, and Mrs. Priest- 
man, secretaries. 

Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Northern 
Counties Freehold Land Society. — Sir J. 
Fife, W. H. Brocbett, James Potts, John 
Benson, and John Mawson, trustees; 
Charles Burney, jun. secretary. 

Newcastle xVkd Gateshead Commer- 
cial Association, Merchants'-court, Guild- 
liall. — I. S, Challoner, treasurer; Jas. 
Dewar and J. P. Irwin, secretaries 

Newcastle and Gateshead Trade 
Protection Society: Offices, 11, Union- 
street. — Union Banking Co. bankers ; 
Daniel Oliver, president; Joseph Watson, 



and G. W. Hodge, solicitors; Thosnas 
Boag, secretary. 

Newcastle Teetotal Society. — Jona- 
than Priestman, president; George Charl- 
ton, treasurer ; D. OHver and T. P. Barkas, 
secretaries ; T. P. Barkas, and Ealph 
Stephenson, registrars. 

Newcastle-upon-Tyne Eagged School 
Society, Gibson-street. — John Anderson, 
treasurer; Daniel 01iver,assistant treasurer; 
I. S. Challoner, and W.J. Sloan, secretaries ; 
John Morgan, master. 

Northern Counties Association for 
the Protection of Trade and Prose- 
cution OF Felons, 32, Market-street. — 
Henry Story, secretary and solicitor; Mat- 
thew Eeed, treasurer 

Eoyal Jubilee School, New-road. — 
Earl Grey, patron; Eobert Ormston, the 
Mayor of Newcastle, Sir J, E. Swinburne, 
Bart. W. Ord, J. H. Hinde, S. C. H. Ogle, 
Sir M. W. Eidley, Bart. M. Bell, Saml. W. 
Parker, and C. W. Bigge, presidents ; M. 
Plummer and Thomas Wilson, vice-presi- 
dents ; G. L. Fenwick, treasurer; Eev. J. 
C. Bruce and D. H. Wilson, secretaries ; 
C. F. Springmaun, superintendent 

Scottish Trade Protection Society. — 
J. Eidley, secretary, 24, Grey- street 

School of Design, Westgate-street. — 
W. E. Scott, master. 

Schoolmasters' Association. — Duke of 
Northumberland, patron ; Cuthbert Ellison, 
president ; T. E. Headlam, consulting phy- 
sician; Thomas Fairweather, treasurer; 
Michael Watson, secretary 

Sunday School Union. — ^James Wilson, 
treasurer; D. H. Wilson, T. P. Barkas, 
and E. Eidley, secretaries. 

Westgate Union School for Girls. — 
Miss Wright, treasurer ; Miss Bruce, sec. ; 
Miss McKay, mistress 

AYestgate Temperance Society. — Sir 
Walter Calverley Trevelyan, president; 
William Daglish, treasurer; Henry Dickin- 
son, secretaiy. 

Public Buildings, Offices, &c. 

Assay Office, Goldsmiths' Hall, Dean- 
court. — Days of attendance, Tuesdays and 
Fridays, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon. — 
F. Somerville, assay master. 

Assembly Eooms, Westgate-street. — 
Thomas Haigh, superintendent. 

Barracks, Newcastle, Ponteland-road 

Baths, Northumberland-st. — F. Dodds, 
lessee. 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY. 



309 



Baths and Wash-houses, New-road. — 
J. Barlow, superintendent 

Baths, cold, shower, and warm, Bath 
Hotel, 37, Scotswood-road, W. Wrightson, 
proprieter. 

Bowling Green, West Walls, and 
Bath-lane. 

British Telegraph Office, 10, Sand- 
hill. — H. T. Duxberrj, clerk in change. 

Castle, or Norman Keep, Castle-garth. — 
J. Gibson, keeper 

Coal Trade Office. — Thos. Doubleday, 
secretary. 

Court or Bankruptcy, Koyal Arcade. — 
Nathaniel Ellison, commissioner; W. S. 
Gibson, F.S.A. registrar; James Wakley, 
and T. Baker, official assignees. Open 
daily from ten o'clock a.m. to fom' p.m. 

Custom House, 40, Quay. — J. W. Wil- 
liatns, collector ; J. Black, comptroller ; T. 
Brown & W. Whitney, clerks. 

Electric Telegraph Company's Of- 
fice, 14, Sandhill. — WiUiam Maslin, 
manager. 

Exchange and News Rooms, Sandhill. — 
Lambton and Co. bankers; Thos. Etridge 
Wilkinson, secretary. 

Fire Engines. — Newcastle Fire Office 
Engines, near the Police station. Manors ; 
North British Fire Office Engine, 4, Bell's- 
court, 04, Pilgrim-street. 

Fish Market, Sandhill. — Fenwick Carr, 
keeper. 

Freemasons' Hall, Bell's- court, New- 
gate-street 

Gas Company's Office, Royal Arcade ; 
works. Manors ; John Arnott, manager ; 
T. Hebron, secretary. 

General Soup Kitchen, Manor-place 

Guildhall, Sandhill. 

Harbour and Quay Masters' Office, 
Folly, Quay. — Simon Danson, harbour and 
quay master ; J. Foster, deputy 

Inland Revenue Office, Royal Arcade. 
James Thompson, collecor. 

Lecture Room, Nelson- st. — J. Barlow, 
lessee. 

Lunatic Asylum, Bath-lane. — Donald 
Macintosh, M.D. proprietor 

Lunatic Asylum, Belle-grove, Leazes. — 
T. W. Keenlyside, proprietor. 

Market Keepers' Office, New Mrkt. — 
George Inness, keeper. 

Money Order Office, Arcade. — Open 
from Nine a.m. till Six p.m. in connexion 
with the Post Office, Charles Headlam, 
Post-master 



Moot Hall and County Courts, Castle- 
garth. — Mrs.JaneProctor,keeper of theHall. 

Music Hall, Nelson-street. — J. Barlow, 
lessee. 

Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Shields, and 
Gateshead Chamber of Commerce ; 
Offices, 29, Sandhill.— WilHam Henry 
Brockett, secretary 

Newcastle Borough Jail, Carliol-sq. — 
Samuel Thompson, governor ; James Had- 
field, turnkey ; Rev. W. Featherstonhaugh, 
chaplain. 

New County Court Office, Guildhall. 
— James Losh, Esq., judge. 

New Market. — Entrances from Grain- 
ger-street. Nelson-street, Clayton street, and 
Nun-street 

Northern Counties Club House. — 
Eldon-square 

Northumberland County Court Cir- 
cuit. — Judge, James Losh, Esq. ; Chief- 
clerks ; John Clayton and Henry Ingledew, 
Esqrs. ; High bailiff, Mr. Robert Pybns. 
Court, Towns, and Assistant Clerks. — 
Alnwick. G. Selby; Belford, Joseph Hind- 
marsh; Bellingham, Robt. Allan; Berwick, 
G. W. Dalton ; Gateshead, T. Proctor ; 
Haltwhistle, R. Bell ; Hexhan, J. Stokoe ; 
Morpeth, Messrs. Brumell ; Newcastle, J. 
Arnott ; North Shields, Mr. Ingledew ; 
Rothbury, J. Hopper ; Wooler, Wm. 
Weightman. 

Pilot Ofice, 20, Broad-chare. 

Police Station and Court, Manors. — 
John Dunne, chief of police. 

Poor Law Union Office, Pilgrim-street. 
Henry Ingledew, Esq., chairman ; George 
Forster, solicitor, clerk. 

PosTOFFicE,Arcade. — ReceivingHouses; 
Byker-bank, J. Fenwick, receiver; Percy- 
street, J. Dawson, receiver; Quay, A. 
Naylor, receiver; Westgate, W. Simpson, 
receiver. 

River Ttne Commission.— Chairman, 
Joseph Cowen: clerk, John Clayton. Life 
Commissioners, W. R. Hunter, Newcastle ; 
JoseiDh Cowen, Blaydon; Captain Purdo, 
Sunderland ; James C. Stevenson, South 
Shields. Elected Coinmissioiiers. By New- 
castle Council : Ralph Dodds, Thos. Ridley, 
R. T. Philipson, William Armstrong, John 
Ormston, and John Rayne, By Gateshead 
Council : Christian Allhusen,and A. G. Grey. 
By Tynemouth Council : M, Poppelwell, 
William Linskill, and Joseph Straker. By 
South Shields Council: John Robinson, 
John Clay, and James Mather. 



370 



MEWCASTLE-UPOK-TYNE 



Savings' Bank, Eoyal Arcade. — Open on 
Saturdays, from twelve to one and from seven 
to eight. Charles Henrj- Coolie, treasurer ; 
Jno. Bulman, secretary; Joseph Armstrong, 
cashier; George IM. Masterton, actuary 

SniPPiNG Office, 20, Broad-chare. — 
Captain Johling, master. 

Stamp Office, Eoyal Arcade. — Open 
from ten a.m. till five p.m. Henry Eeed, 
distributor. 

Theatre Eotal, Grey-street. — Edward 
3Dean Davis, lessee. 

Trinitt H<"<use, Broad-chare. — Eev. Eo- 
hert Green, chaplain; Eohert Airey, master 
to the pilots ; John T. Carr, Cuthhert S. Fen- 
Avick, Eobert S. Stanhope, Thos. C. Gibsou, 
G. W. Heiazell, Simon Danson, Thos. Elder, 
John Bayne, Geo. Hogg, Geo. Thompson, 
James Gordon, George Gray, and John E. 
Hodge, elder brethren ; Thomas Ogle, John 
Ayre, Thomas B. Bell, Wilham Bell, Wm. 
T. Hall, John E. Eobertson, Eobt, Watson, 



Wm. Taylor, and Eichard Swan, younger 
brethren ; John Cnrrie, secretary. 

Union Workhouse, Elswick. — Eobert 
Salmon, master; Mrs. Salmon, matron; 
Nicholas Hardcastle, surgeon; Geo. Foster, 
clerk to the Union ; James Eae and Ann 
Armstrong, teachers. See Elswick townsliip 

Victoria Eooms, 44, Grey-street. 

Westgate Hill General Cemetery. — ■ 
Eichd. Swan, treasurer; J. E. Grant, secre- 
tary; Daniel Clark, sexton 

Jesmond General Cemetery, Jesm on d. 
— G. Burnup, treasurer; J. Clayton, secie- 
tary ; jMichael Watson, sexton. 

Whittle Dean Water Company : 
Office, 8; Grey-street. — A. L. Potter, chair- 
man ; D. D. Main, secretary ; T. Dawson, 
superintendent; Stable & Dee, solicitors; 
Eobt. Nicholson, engineer; Geo. Cruddas 
and Eichard Lambert, managing directors; 
residence of the company's turncocks, 
Manor-place. 



CONVEYANCES. 



Newcastle and Carlisle Eailway.— 
WTiliam Woods, chairman; George Dixon, 
deputy-chairman; Matthew Anderson, Geo. 
Clayton Atkinson, J. B. Coulson, jun. Isaac 
Crawhall, J. F. Elliott, Henry Liddell, and 
John Eamshaw, directors ; Geo. Eenwick, 
treasurer; John Addamson, secretary; John 
Taylor and Thos. Burnet, auditors ; Henry 
Smiles, manager; Peter Tate, engineer; 
Eobert Makepeace, chief agent ; Eidley 
Makepeace, bookkeeper ; Anthony Hall, 
superintendent of locomotives ; Nathaniel 
Weddell, station master; Gabriel Wood, 
collector and booking clerk 

York, Newcastle, and Berwick Eail- 
way. — Thomas Pulleine, chairman; Geo. 
Leeman, deputy-chairman ; Jas. Hodgson, 
Wm. Eutherford Hunter, Jas. Leechman, 
Duncan McLaren, Nathaniel Plews, Wm. 
Lloyd, directors; W. O'Brien, secretary; 
A. H. Wylie and T. J. Maude, auditors ,• 
Thomas E. Harrison, engineer and general 
manager; Alexander Christison, superin- 
tendent of passengers department; Geo. 
Johnson, station master. 

Coaches from Newcastle 

Berry- EDGE. —The "North Briton" 
leaves Berry-edge every morning athalf-past 
seven ; and the New Corn Exchange, Cloth 



IMarket, every afternoon at four o'clock, 
calling at the Queen's Head Lin, Gates- 
head, each way, in the morning at ten, and 
in the evening at four o'clock. 

Durham. — Th e " Quicksilver " leaves the 
New Corn Exchange, Cloth Market, every 
morning at nine, (calhng at the Queen's 
Head Inn, Gateshead.) and the Waterloo 
Inn, Durham, every afternoon, at half past 
live o'clock. The " True Briton" leaves 
the Waterloo Inn, Durham, every morning 
at half-past nine, and the New Corn Ex- 
change, Cloth Market, Newcastle, every 
afternoon, at a quarter to five o'clock, calling 
at the Black Bull Inn, Gateshead (Sundays 
excepted). A coach which runs between 
Barnardcastle and Durham is in communi- 
cation with the above. 

Kirkwhelpington. — A coach leaves the 
Victoria Hotel, Newgate-street, on Tues- 
days, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at four 
o'clock in the afternoon; and leaves Kirk- 
■whelpington on Monday night,and Thursday 
and Saturday mornings. 

Otterburn. — A coach (carrying the mail- 
bags) leaves the Old Queen's Head, Pil- 
grim-street, every morning at ten o'clock, 
and Otterburn every afternoon at five. 

Eyton. — An omnibus leaves Eyton every 
morning, at a quarter to nine, for the Crown 
and Thistle Inn, Newcastle ; returning at 



CLASSIFIED DIKECTOEY. 



71 



five in tiie afternoon — Saturdays at half- 
past five. 

Shotley Beidge. — Coaches leave the 
New Corn Exchange, Cloth Market, jSTew- 
castle, every morning at nine o'clock (ex- 
cept Saturdays, when it leaves at eight 
o'clock), and every afternoon at four, and 
the Crown and Cross Swords, Shotley 
Bridge, every morning at eight, and every 
afternoon at five o'clock. 

Steam Ships from S'ewcastle 

To Aberdeen. — The " Victoria," Captain 
J. T. Willett, sails from Newcastle every 
Saturday, aud from Aberdeen every Wednes- 
day. Agents : Nisbet and Eobertson, 47, 
Marischal-street, Aberdeen ; and Eobert 
Storey, Fenwick's-entry, Quay, Newcastle 

To Hamburgh. — The " Chanticleer," 
Captain Eobert Taylor, and the "Earl 
Percy," Captain B. Taylor, sail between 
Newcastle and Hamburgh; one from each 
port every Tuesday. Agents : John Orms- 
ton, Newcastle ; and J. M. Precht, Ham- 
burgh. 

To HuU.—Tha " Neptune," Captain D. 
Irving, leaves the North Shore, Newcastle, 
for Hull, every Saturday, and Hull every 
Wednesday. Agents: E, Metcalf & Sons, 
South Shields ; Thomas F. BeU & Co. Hull; 
and W. L. Mures, 2, Broad-chare, New- 
castle. 

To Hull and Gainshro' .—The '.'■ Sea 
Nymph," Captain C. Yfise, leaves New- 
castle every Tuesday and Hull every Wed- 
nesday. Agents : E. Furley & Co. Gainsbro'; 
W. Laing & Co. New Quay, Newcastle. 

To Leith. — The "Britannia," Captain 
Fincham, leaves Newcastle for Leith every 
Tuesday and Thursday ; and Leith for 
Newcastle every Wednesday and Saturday. 
Agent: Eobert Thirlaway, New Quay, New- 
castle. 

To London. — The " City of Flamburgh," 
Captain WilUam Wade ; the " Newcastle," 
Captain Harty, and the " Neptune," Captain 
T. W. Green, sail to and from London and 
Newcastle every Saturday during winter, 
and every Wednesday and Saturday during 
summer. Agents : Anthony Parker & Co. 
50, Quay, or Wharf, North Shore, Newcastle. 

To Rotterdam. — The " Earl Douglas," 
Captain R. Vincent, and the " Chevy Chase," 
Captain J. Hart. Agents : John Ormston, 
Newcastle ; andD. Burger & Son,Eotterdam. 

To Yarmouth. — The " Daniel," Captain 
Ealph Mossman, leaves Newcastle for Yar- 



mouth every Thursday, and Yarmouth for 
Newcastle every Monday. Agents : G-eorge 
Gell, New Quay, Newcastle ; J. B. Clarke, 
South Quay, Yarmouth, and Eichard Eeeve, 
Norwich. 

Traders from Newcastle 

To Aberdeen. — The "Scottish Maid,'' 
John Gordon. Agents, Geo. Leslies, 11, 
Quay, Aberdeen ; P. Ormston, 58, Quay, 
Newcastle. 

To BenoicJc—The '} Newcastle Packet," 
T. Sample, sails every ten days. Agents, 
A. Tnompson, Shore Dues Oince, Berwick, 
L. S. Carr, 34, Broad-chare, Newcastle. 

To Glasgow,—'' The Isabella," H. Wil- 
liamson ; the '• Arba," J. Hutton ; the 
" Zior," J. Forster ; one sails every week. 
Agents, W. Sloan & Co., 63, Miller-street, 
Glasgow, and L. S. Carr, 34, Broad-chare, 
Newcastle. 

To Ipswich. — The Original Ipswich'Com ■ 
pany's Traders ; agents, W.Budden,Custom 
House Quay, Ipswich ; S. Acaster, Spicer- 
lane, Quay, Newcastle. 

To London. — The following Traders sail 
between Newcastle and London twice a 
week ; the '° Ann," Wm. Hall ; the " Els- 
wick," J. Blackett; the "Halcyon," A. 
Watson ; the " Merchant," Henry Simm ; 
the ''Thames," Wm. Hill; the "Water 
Nymph," Peter Cree ; and the " Yv^eatworili 
Beaumont," John Eunson; agents, Messrs. 
Wm.Todd & Son, lied Lion Wharf, London, 
and Messrs. Clark & Dunn, wharfingers, 
70, Quay-side, Newcastle. 

To Lynn. — The " Triton," Wm. Bennett ; 
the " Friends," Cutbarth ; the " True 
Friends," Cockering. 

To 3Iontrose.— The " Eacer," J.M.David- 
son ; agent, J. LaAvrence, jun. Quay, New- 
castle. 

To Perth.— The "Vine," H. Jackson; 
agents, J. Easson, Perth ; L. S. Carr, 34, 
Broad-chare, Newcastle. 

To Scarbro\— The " Leven," M. Fitzwil- 
liam, sails every ten days ; agents, Thos. 
Ward, Scarbro'. 

To Stirling and Alloa.—" The Nations." 
McLaren ; L. S. Carr, 34, Broad-chare, 
Newcastle. 

I'o Yarmouth. — The following sail from 
the Quay, Newcastle : — the "Agues," Ward; 
the " Nimble," George ; the " David," W. 
Gull ; the " New Isabella," Halfnight ; the 
" Peace," Bristow ; the " Exe," Bristow, 
juu.; the "Cyrus," Ditchen; and the " Swift," 
Buxton. 



KEWCASTLE-UPON-TTNE 



Carriers to the following places 

^co)?i&.— John Little, from the Wheat 
Sheaf Inn, Bigg Market, at two o'clock, on 
Saturdays; and John Morpeth, from the 
Old Queen's Head, Pilgrim-street, on Mon- 
days, Wednesdays, and Fridays, at three 
o'clock. 

Allendale. — William Errington, from the 
Half Moon Inn, BiggMarket ; Thomas Mar- 
tin and Ed\Yard Forrest, from the Garrick's 
Head, Cloth Market, all on Wednesdays, at 
four o'clock ; and also John Morpeth, from 
the Old Queen's Head, Pilgrim-street, on 
Wednesdays and Fridays, at three o'clock. 

Almvick. — Edwai'd Wallace, from the Fox 
and Lamb, Pilgrim-street, on Tuesdays and 
Fridays, at four o'clock ; and Kobert Ditch- 
burn, from the Half Moon Inn, Bigg 
]\Iarket, on Thursdays, at two o'clock. 

Alston. — David Hunnam, from the Old 
Queen's Head,Pilgrim-street, at four o'clock. 

AmhU. — Thomas Kobinson, from the Old 
Robin Hood, Pilgrim-street, on Tuesdays 
and Fridays, at four o'clock. 

Anfield Plain. — John Henderson and 
Michael Brown, from the Black Bull Inn, 
High-sti-eet, Gateshead, on Tuesdays and 
Saturdays, at half-past two o'clock. 

Angerton. — James Larabton, from the 
Golden Lion, Bigg Market, at three o'clock 
and John Moifatt, from the Unicorn, Bigg 
Market, on Saturdays, at one o'clock. 

Aycliffe. — Thomas Stockley, from the 
Sandhill, on Wednesdays, at three o'clock. 

Ay ton Banks. — Thomas Peacock, from 
the Sandhill, on Fridays and Saturdays, 
at three o'clock; and WiUiam Angus, from 
the Nag's Head,Butcher-bank, on Saturdays, 
at four o'clock. 

BardonMiU. — Archibald Goodfellow, and 
William Armstrong, from the Wheat Sheaf, 
Bigg Market, on Thursdays, at four o'clock. 

Barnard Castle. — Jonathan Clarkson, 
George Hodgson, and George Stockeld, from 
the Sandhill, on Fridays, at three o'clock, and 
Thomas Peacock, from^he same place, on 
Fridays and Saturday^, at five o'clock. 

Barrasford. — Walter Fiddes, from the 
Unicorn, Bigg Market; and Hugh Moor, 
from the Old George, Union-street, on 
Thursdays, at three o'clock. 

Bedlington. — John Swan, from the Blue 
Posts, Pilgrim-street, on Tuesdays, Thurs- 
days, and Saturdays, at three o'clock; and 
George Fenwick, from the same place, and 
on the same days, at four o'clock. Thomas 
Keeney, from the Coach and Horses, Bigg 



Market, on Thursdays and Saturdays, at 
three o'clock. 

Bellingham. — George Hedley, from the 
Golden Lion, Bigg Market, on Thursdays, 
at three o'clock ; Archibald Little, from the 
Coach and Horses, Bigg Market, at fom^ 
o'clock ; James Dodds, from the Coach and 
Horses, Bigg Market, on Thursdays, at 
four o'clock ; and James Eidley, from the 
Half Moon, Bigg Market, on Thursdays, 
at three o'clock. 

Bell EinJc. — Thomas Cook, from the 
Unicorn, Bigg Market, on Thursdays, at 
two o'clock. 

Belsay. — George Hardwick, from the 
Old George, Union-street, on Saturdays, at 
one o'clock. 

Berry Edge. — John Murray, from the 
Wheat Sheaf, Cloth Market, on Tuesdays, 
Thui'sdays, and Saturdays, at three o'clock. 

Bill Quay. — Wherryman. — Ptalph Oving- 
ton, from the Grey Horse Stairs, daily, a 
little after high water. 

Birtley. — Hugh IMoor, from the Old 
George, Union-street, and Walter Fiddes, 
from the Unicorn, Bigg Market, on Thurs- 
days, at three o'clock. 

Bishop Auckland. — John Clarkson and 
George Stockel, from the Sandhill, on 
Fridays at three o'clock , John Cooper, 
from the Old Robin Hood Inn, Pilgrim- 
street,Tuesdays and Fridays, at three o'clock. 

Blackhill. — -William Cheesman, from 
the Garrick's Head Inn, Cloth Market, and 
John Murray, from the Wheat Sheaf, Cloth 
Market, on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and 
Saturdays, at three o'clock. 

Blanchland. — Thomas Robson, from the 
Half jMoon Inn, Bigg Market, on Thursdays, 
at four o'clock ; J. Keenleyside, from ihe 
Old George Inn, Union-street, on Wednes- 
days, at three o'clock ; Christopher Ridley 
and William Urwin, from the Coach and 
Horses, Bigg Market, on Thursdays, at 
three o'clock. 

Blaydon. — James Hewison, from the 
Nag's Head, Butcher-bank, and Anthony 
Tench, from the Sandhill, on Tuesdays, 
Thursdays, and Saturdays, at half-past 
three o'clock, 

Blytn.—\Y\\\mra Smart, from the Old 
Robin Hood Inn, Pilgrim-street, on Tues- 
days, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at three 
o'clock. 

Bolam. — John Turner, from the Nag's 
Head, Nun-street, on Saturdays, at two 
o'clock. 



CLASSIFIED DIKECTOEY. 



373 



Boldon. — I. Thompson & Matthew New- 
ton, from ] 3, Sandhill, on Tuesdays, Thurs- 
days, and Saturdays, at three o'clock. 

Brampton. — William Armstrong, from 
the Wheat Sheaf Inn, Bigg Mai'ket, on 
Thursdays, at 1 o'clock. 

Brancepeth. — Thomas Marquis, from 
Sandhill, on Fridays, at three o'clock. 

Burnopfield. — James Best, on Tuesdays, 
Thursdays, and Saturdays, at three o'clock. 

ButterknoioJes. — George Hodgson, from 
the Sandhill, on Fridays, at three o'clock. 

Canibo. — J as. Lamhton, from the Golden 
Lion, Bigg Market, on Thursdays, at three 
o'clock ; and John MofFatt, from the Uni- 
corn, Bigg Market, on Saturday, at 1 o'clock. 

Capheaton. — William Barron, from the 
Black House, Pilgrim- street, on Saturdays, 
at two o'clock. 

Carlisle. — Eichard Beehy, from the Half 
Moon, Bigg Market, on Thursdays, at four 
o'clock ; and William Armstrong, from the 
W^heat Sheaf, Bigg Market, on Thursdays, 
at one o'clock. 

Cartar. — John Boiston, from the Old 
Queen's Head, Pilgrim-street, and Thomas 
Wear, from the Old George, Union-street, 
on Thursdays, at three o'clock. 

Cassop. — Ealph Dove, from the Black Bull 
Inn, High-street, Gateshead, on Tuesdays 
and Satm'days, at three o'clock ; and James 
Batey, from the Old George, Union-street, 
every alternate Tuesday, at eleven o'clock. 

Gastleside. — John Murray, from the 
Wheat Sheaf Inn, Cloth Market, on Tues- 
days, Thm'sdays, and Saturdays, at three 
o'clock. 

Causey Park. — Edward Wallace, from the 
Fox and Lamh,Pilgrim-street, on Tuesdays, 
Thursdays, and Fridays, at four o'clock. 

Coamoood. — Matthew Eidley, from the 
Coach and Horses, Bigg Market, every 
alternate Thursday, at twelve o'clock. 

CocJcJield — George Hudson, from the 
Sandhill, on Fridays, at three o'clock 

Coldpark. — John Anderson, from the 
Coach and Horses, Bigg Market, on Thurs- 
days, at twelve o'clock. 

Cokhoell. — Walter Fiddes, from the Uni- 
corn, Bigg Market, and Hugh Moor, from 
the Old George, Union-street, on Thurs- 
days, at three o'clock. 

Conside. — John Murray, from the Wheat 
Sheaf, Cloth Market, on Tuesdays, Thurs- 
days, and Saturdays, at three o'clock. 

Corbridge. — John Morpeth, from the Old 
Queen's Head, Pilgrim-street, on Mondays, 



Wednesdays, and Fridays, at three o'clock ; 
and Utiick Hodgson, from the Scotch 
Arms, Bigg Market, at twelve o'clock. 

Cowpen, — William Smart, from the Old 
Eobin Hood Inn, Pilgrim-street, on Tues- 
days, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at three 
o'clock. 

Cramlington. — Michael Potts, William 
Davidson, and Andrew Eobertson,from the 
Black House Inn, Pilgrim-street, on Tues- 
days, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at three 
o'clock. 

Crawcrook. — George Eohinson, from the 
Wheat Sheaf, Cloth Market, on Saturdays, 
at three o'clock. 

Cresioell. — Thomas Arkle, from the 
Wheat Sheaf, Bigg Market, Thursday, at 
two o'clock. 

Ci'ompton. — William Douglass, from the 
Coach and Horses, Bigg Market, on Thurs- 
days, at four o'clock. 

Crook. — William Weardle, from the Rail- 
way Station, Trafalgar-street, on Tuesdays, 
at three o'clock. 

CuUercoats. — William Ackinclose, from 
the Cock, Head of the Side, on Tuesdays 
and Saturdays in summer, and on Satur- 
days in winter, at three o'clock 

Darlington. — Thos. Stockley, from Sand- 
hill, on Wednesdays, at tAVO o'clock. 

Delaval. — J-» Percy and Andrew Robert- 
son, from the Fighting Cocks, Bigg Market, 
on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, 
ar three o'clock. 

Dinnington. — Jno.King, from the Albion, 
Newgate-street, on Tuesdays and Saturdays, 
at three o'clock. 

Durham. — John Eohinson, from the 
Sandhill, on Mondays, W^ednesdays, and 
Fridays, at three o'clock, and Geo.Hodgson, 
on Friday, from the same place, at two 
o'clock ; James Parmley, from the Black 
Bull Inn, High-street, Gateshead, on Wed- 
nesday, at three o'clock. 

Earsdon. — Thomas Brady, from the Blue 
Bell, Head of the Side, on Saturdays, at 
three o'clock, 

Ehchestcr. — Wm. Cheesman, and Clias. 
Whitfield, from the Garrick's Head, Cloth 
Market, on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Sat- 
urdays, at three o'clock. 

Eggleston. — AV^illiara Anderson, from the 
Nag's Head, Butcher-bank, on Wednesday, 
at three o'clock. 

Ellington.— Thos. Arkle, from the Wheat 
Sheaf, Bigg Miu'kct, on Thursdays, at two 
o'clock. 



374 



NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE 



Elsdon. — John Whalley, from the Golden 
Lion, Bigg Market, on Thursdays, at four 
o'clock, and C. Eobinson, from the Half 
Moon, Bigg Market, on Thursdays, at three 
o'clock. 

Falstone. — John Charlton and Matthew 
Dagg, from the Unicorn, Bigg Market, on 
Thursdays, at four o'clock. 

Felton. — Edward Wallace, from the Fox 
and Lamb, Pilgrim- street, on Tuesdays and 
Fridays, at four o'clock ; and George 
McKay, from the Wheat Sheaf, Bigg 
Market, on Thursdays, at three o'clock. 

Frosterley. — John Golightly, from the 
Nag's Head, Butcher-bank, on Thursdays, 
at twelve o'clock. 

Gainford. — Jonathan Clarkson, from the 
Nag's Head, Butcher-bank, on Fridays, at 
three o'clock. 

Garragill. — David Hun nam, from the Old 
Queen's Head, Pilgrim-street, on Tuesdays, 
at fom* o'clock. 

Glanton. — Eobert Ord, from the Golden 
Lion, Bigg Market, on Thursdays, at three 
o'clock. 

Graystead. — Jno. Charlton, and Matthew 
Dagg, from the Unicorn, Bigg Market, on 
Thursdays, at four o'clock. 

Greenside. — John Davidson, from the 
Black Boy, Groat Market, on Tuesdays 
and Saturdays at three o'clock, and John 
Wilkinson, from the Nag's Head, Butcher- 
bank, on Saturdays at three o'clock. 

Gunnerton. — Walter Fiddes from the 
Unicorn, Bigg Market, and Hugh Moor, 
from the Old George, Union-street, on 
Thursdays at three o'clock. 

Hallington. — George Hardwick, from the 
Old George, Union-street, on Saturdays at 
one o'clock. 

Halhohistle. — Y/m. Armstrong, from the 
Wheat Sheaf, Bigg Market, on Thursday, 
at one o'clock ; and Archibald Goodfellow, 
• — Coates, and Wm. Armstrong, from the 
same place, on Thursday at four o'clock. 

Hamster ly.—Th.omsiS Marquis, from the 
Sandhill, on Friday at three o'clock. 

HarJbottle. — Thomas Dickson, and Wal- 
ter Eamsay, from the Coach and Horses, 
Bigg Market, on Thursdays at three o'clock. 

Harloio Hill. — John Morpeth, from the 
Old Queen's Head, Pilgrim-street, on Mon- 
days, Wednesdays, and Fridays, at three 
o'clock ; and Utrick Hodgson, from the 
Scotch Arms, Bigg Market, on Thursdays 
at twelve o'clock. 

Hartley. —Thomas Brady, from the Blue 



Bell, Head of the Side, on Satiprdays at 
three o'clock. 

Hartley/ Pans. — Thomas Taylor, from 
the Half Moon, Bigg Market, on Tuesdays, 
Thursdays, and Saturdays, at three o'clock. 

Haivick. — John Boiston, from the Old 
Queen's Head, Pilgrim-street, and Thomas 
Weir, from the Old George, Union-street, 
on Thursdays at three o'clock. 

Haydon Bridge. — David Hunnam, from 
the Old Queen's Head, Pilgrim-street, on 
Tuesdays at four o'clock, and Frank Make- 
peace, from the Wheat Sheaf, Bigg Mar- 
ket, on Thursdays at four o'clock. 

Heddon-on - the -Wall. — John Morpeth, 
from the Old Queen's Head, Pilgrim-street, 
on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, at 
three o'clock ; and Utrick Hodgson, from 
the Scotch Arms, Bigg Market, at twelve 
o'clock. 

ifecZZei/.— Archibald Little, from theCoach 
and Horses, Bigg Market, on Saturdays at 
two o'clock. 

Heioorth. — Wherryman — John Peters 
from the Grey Horse Stairs, daily, a little 
after high water. 

Hexham. — John Morpeth, from the Old 
Queen's Head, Pilgrim-street, on Mondays, 
Wednesdays, and Saturdays, at three o'clock, 
John Little, from the Wheat Sheaf, Bigg 
Market, on Saturdays at two o'clock; and 
John Dodds, from the Co&ch and Horses, 
Bigg Market, on Thursdays at four o'clock. 

Holystone. — William Douglas, from the 
Coach and Horses, Bigg Market, on Thurs- 
days at four o'clock. 

Holyivell. — Thomas Brady, from the 
Blue Bell, Plead of the Side, on Saturdays 
at three o'clock ; and Thomas Cooper, from 
the Cock, Head of the Side, on Saturdays 
at three o'clock. 

Horsley-on-Tyne. — T. Wear, from the 
Old George, Union-street, on Thursdays 
at three o'clock. 

Horton. — Joseph Percy, on Tuesdays, 
Thursdays, and Saturdays, from the Fight- 
ing Cocks, Bigg Market, at three o'clock ; 
and Alice Mills at the same time from the 
Black House, Pilgrim -street. 

Howden Pajis.— Eobert Archer, from the 
Blue Posts, Pilgrim-street, on Tuesdays 
and Saturdays at three o'clock; and Thomas 
Bell, from the White Hart, Cloth Market, 
on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, 
at three o'clock. 

Humshaugh. — Michael Scott, from the 
Old George, Union-street, on Thursdays, 



CLASSIFIED DTEECTOEY. 



375 



at three o'clock; and William Wilkinson, 
fortnightly, from the Golden Lion, Bigg 
Market, on Thursday at twelve o'clock. 

Ingo. — William Slack, from the Kose and 
Crown, Bigg Market, on Saturdays at three 
o'clock ; — Lamhert from the Black House, 
Pilgrim-street, on Saturdays at 10 o'clock; 
and Thomas Cook, from the Unicorn, Bigg 
Market, on Thursdays at two o'clock. 

Jedburgh. — John Boiston, from the Old 
Queen's Head, Pilgrim-street ; John Whal- 
ley, from the Golden Lion, Bigg Market, 
and Thomas Wear, from the Old George, 
L^nion-street, on Thursdays at three o'clock. 

Eillingicorth. — Thomas Fenwick, from 
the Old Queen's Head, Pilgrim-street, on 
Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at 
three o'clock. 

Kirklicaton. — William Barron, from the 
Black House, Pilgrim-street, on Saturdays, 
at two o'clock; and James tiarrison, from 
the Fighting Cocks, Bigg Market, on Satur- 
days, at one o'clock. 

Kirkwhelinngton. — John Moffatt, from 
the Unicorn, Bigg Market, on Saturdays, 
at one o'clock. 

Leadgate. — Jno. Murray, from the Y/heat 
Sheaf, Cloth Market, on Tuesdays, Thurs- 
days, and Saturdays, at three o'clock. 

Lemington. — John Thirwell and Jane 
Stevenson, from the Bell, Head of the Side, 
on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at 
three o'clock ; and Henry Challeuder, from 
the same place, on Saturday, at three o'clock. 

Long Benton. — Thomas Brady, from the 
Blue Bell, Head of the Side, on Saturdays, 
at three o'clock. 

Long Horsley. — Francis Thompson, from 
the Half Moon, Bigg Market, on Saturdays, 
at one o'clock, 

Longvoitlon. — John Anderson, fi'om the 
Coach and Horses, Bigg Market, on Thurs- 
days, at twelve o'clock ; — Charton, from 
the Sun, Newgate-street, on Saturdays, at 
three o'clock ; and Joseph Y/oraack, from 
the Nag's Head, Nun-street, on Saturdays, 
at two o'clock. 

Maffen. — Edward Milburn, from the Half 
Moon, Bigg Market, on Saturdays, at two 
o'clock ; and George Benwick, from the 
Scotch Arras, Bigg Market, at the same time. 

Medomsley. — Yf .Caruahy, from the Wheat 
Sheaf, Cloth Market, on Tuesdays, Thurs- 
days, and Saturdays, at three o'clock. 

Middleton-in-Tcesdale. — William Alder- 
son, from the Nag's Head, Butcher-bank, 
on Wednesdays, at three o'clock. 



Monkscaton. — Wm. Ackinclose, from the 
Cock, Head of the Side, on Tuesdays and 
Saturdays in summer, and on Saturdays in 
winter, at three o'clock. 

Morpeth^ — Edw. Hedley, from the Wheat 
Sheaf, Cloth Market, and Wilham Pringle, 
from the Old George, Union-street, on 
Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at 
three o'clock. 

Nenthead. — David Hunnam, from the 
Old Queen's Head, Pilgrim-st. at four o'clock 

Netherton. — Thomas Dickson, from the 
Coach & Horses, Bigg Market, on Thurs- 
days, at three o'clock. 

Netherwltton. — Wilham & Eoger Sproat, 
from the Black Bull, Union-street; Eobert 
Turner, from the Old George, Union-street, 
and Joseph Womack,from the Nag's Head, 
Nun-street, on Saturdays, at 1 o'clock ; and 
John Anderson, from the Coach & Horses, 
Bigg Market, on Thursday, at 2 o'clock. 

Newbiggin-hy-the-sea. — F, Eochester, 
from the Old Queen's Head, Pilgrim-street, 
on Saturdays, at three o'clock. 

Newborough. — Edward Hymers,from the 
Old George, Union-sti eet, on Thursdays, 
at three o'clock. 

Neivburn. — Jno. Thirwell & Jane Steven- 
son, from the Bell, Head of the Side, on 
Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at 
three o'clock ; and Henry Chaliender, from 
the same place, on Saturday, at three o'clock. 

North Shields. — Ealpli Manldn, front the 
Nag's Head, Butcher-bank, every day, 
(Sunday excepted), at three o'clock. 

North Shields — Wherrymen. — Thomas 
Eedpath, Eichard Storey, and Thomas Vint, 
from the Lead Stairs, Quay, daily, a little 
after high water. 

Ogle. — Charlton, from the Sun, Newgate- 
street, on Saturdays, at three o'clock. 

Otterbwn. — John Boiston, from the Old 
Queen's Head, Pilgrim-st. ; John Y/halley, 
I from the Golden Lion, Bigg IMarket ; and 
Thos. Wear, from the Old George, Union- 
street, on Thursdays, at three o'clock. 

Ovington. — John Urwin, from the Half 
Moon, Bigg Market, on Saturday-, at two 
o'clock. 

Park. — Matthew Eidley, from the Coach 
and Horses, Bigg Market, on Thursdays, 
at four o'clock. 

Poatchind. — Fenwick Fatkin, from tho 
Old George, Union-street, on Thursdays, at 
three o'clock ; and — Huntley, from the Eoso 
and Crown, Bigg jMarket, on Tuesdays and 
Saturdays, at three oclock. 



376 



KEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE 



Preston. — Ealph Mankin, from the Nag's 
Head, Butcher-bank, every day (Sunday 
excepted), at three o'clock. 

Prudhoe. — Geo. Eohson, from the Wheat 
Sheaf, Cloth Market, on Saturdays, at three 
o'clock. 

Reedsmoxith. — George Hedley, from the 
Golden Lion, Bigg Market, on Thursdays, 
at three o'clock ; Archibald Little, from the 
Coach and Horses, Bigg Market, at four 
o'clock ; James Dodds, from the Coach and 
Horses, Bigg Market, on Thursday, at four 
o'clock ; and James Eidley, from the Half 
Moon, Bigg Market, on Thursday, at 
three o'clock. 

Rothhury. — Thomas Dickson, from the 
Coach and Horses, Bigg Market, on Thurs- 
days, at three o'clock. 

Ruffside. — Christopher Eidley & William 
Urwin, from the Coach and Horses, Bigg 
Market, on Thursdays, at three o'clock. 

Scotswood. — John Thirhvell and Jane 
Stevenson, from the Bell, Head of the Side, 
on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Satui'days, 
at three o'clock; and Henry Challender, 
from the same place, on Saturdays, at three 
o'clock. 

Seaton Sluice. — J. Percy and Andrew 
Eobertson, from the Fighting Cocks, Bigg 
Market, on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and 
Saturdays, at three o'clock; and Thomas 
Taylor, from the Half Moon, Bigg Market, 
on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturda;jrs, 
at three o'clock. 

SegJl^ll.—^Nl\\isim Smart, from the Old 
Eobin Hood Inn, Pilgrim-street, on Tues- 
days, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at three 
o'clock ; and Thomas Taylor, from the 
Half Moon, Bigg Market, on Tuesdajs, 
Thursdays, and Saturdays, at three o'clock. 

Shilbottle. — Mark Trueman, from the 
Wheat Sheaf, Bigg Market, on Thursdays, 
at half-past two o'clock. 

Shotley Bridge. — William Cheesman, 
from the Garrick's Head, Cloth Market, 
and Charles Whitfield, from the White Hart, 
Cloth Market, on Tuesdays, Thursdays, 
and Saturdays, at three o'clock. 

Simonhurn. — Edward Moor, from the 
Unicorn, Bigg Market, on Thursdays, at 
three o'clock. 

South Shields. — Wherrymen : Thomas 
Burn, William Henzell, Stephen Smith, 
Thomas Swinburn, Joseph Wade, William 
Watson, and Joseph Welch, all from the 
Lead Stairs, Quay, daily, a little after high 
^Yater. 



Stamfordham. — Eobert Surtees and 
Henry Thompson, from the Golden Lion, 
Bigg Market, on Saturdays, at two o'clock ; 
A. Elliott, from the same j)lace, on Thurs- 
days, at two o'clock. 

Stannington. — Edmund Hedley, from the 
Wheat Sheaf, Cloth Market, and William 
Pringle, from the Old George, Union-street, 
on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at 
three o'clock. 

Stella. — George Eohson, from the Wheat 
Sheaf, Cloth Market, on Saturdays, at three 
o'clock. 

Stelling. — John Urwin, from the Half 
Moon, Bigg Market, on Tuesdays, at four 
o'clock. 

Sunderland. — J. Thompson and Matthew 
Newton, from 13, Sandhill, on Tuesdays, 
Thursdays, and Saturdays, at three o'clock. 

Sicahcell. — James Oxley,Winiam Young, 
and Eoger Errington, from 13, Sandhill, 
on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, 
at three o'clock. 

Tarset. — John Charlton and Matthew 
Dagg, from the Unicorn, Bigg Market, on 
Thursdays, at four o'clock. 

Totohouse. — William Armstrong, from the 
Wheat Sheaf, Bigg Market, on Thursday, 
at one o'clock ; and Archibald Goodfellow, 

Coates, and William Armstrong, from 

the same place, onThursdays, at four o'clock. 

Tynemouth. — Ealph Mankin, from the 
Nag's Head, Butcher-bank, every day (Sun- 
day excepted), at three o'clock. 

TFaZL— Michael Scott, from the Old 
George, Union-street, on Thursdays, at 
three o'clock. 

Walhcnd. — Ealph Mankin, from the 
Nag's Head' Butcher-bank, every day (Sun- 
day excepted), at three o'clock. 

'iFa/n'c/c.— Michael Scott, from the Old 
George, Union-street, on Thursdays, at 
three o'clock. 

Wahcick Grange. — Edward Hy mers,froni 
the Old George, Union-street, on Thurs-. 
days at three o'clock. 

WarJc. — Edward Moor,from the Unicorn, 
Bigg Market, on Thursdays, at three o'clock. 

Warliworth. — Thomas Eobinson, from 
the Old Eobin Hood, Pilgrim-street, on 
Tuesdays and Fridays, at four o'clock. 

Weardale. — William Millei^, from the 
Eailway Station, Trafalgar-street, on Tues- 
days, at three o'clock. 

Weldon Bridge. — Walter Eamsay, from 
the Coach and Horses, Bigg Market, on 
Thursdays, at four o'clock. 



CLASSIFIED DIKECTOHY. 



377 



West Moor. — Thomas Fenwick, from the 
01(1 Queen's Head ,Pilgrira-street, on Tues- 
days Thursdays, and Saturdays, at three 
o'clock. 

Whalton. — Charlton, from the Sun, New- 
gate-street, on Saturdays, at three o'clock; 
and Joseph AVomack, from the Nag's 
Head, Nun-street, on Saturdays, at two 
o'clock. 

Whickham. — Jonathan Atkinson, from 
the Ducro\v,Shakspeare-street., on Tuesdays, 
Friday's, and Saturdays, at three o'clock. 

White Lee — John 13oiston, from the Old 
Queen's Head, Pilgrim-street, and Thos. 
Weir, from the Old George, Union-street, 
on Thursdays, at three o'clock. 

Whitley. — William Ackinclose, from the 
Cock, Head of the Side, on Tuesdays and 
Saturdays in summer, and on Saturdays in 
Avinter, at three o'clock. 

Whittington. — Edward Watson, from the 
Wheat Sheaf, Bigg Market; and George 
Eenwick, from the Scotch Arms, Bigg 
Market, on Saturdays, at two o'clock. 

Widdrlngton. — Thomas Arkle, from the 
Wheat Sheaf, Bigg Market, on Tuesdays, 
at two o'clock; and Thomas Marquis, 
from the Sandhill, on Fridays, at three 
o'clock. 

WiJlington Quay. — Eobert Archer, from 
the Blue Posts, Pilgrim-street, on Tuesdays 
and Saturdays, at three o'clock, and Thos. 



Bell, from the White Hart, Cloth Market, 
on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at 
three o'clock. 

Winlaton. — James Hewison, from the 
Nag's Head, Butcher-bank, and Anthony 
Tench, from Sandhill, on Tuesdays, Thurs- 
days, and Saturdays, at half-past three 
o'clock. 

Winlaton Mill. — William Cheesm an , 
from the Garrick's Head, Cloth Market, 
and Charles Whitfield, from the White 
Plart, Cloth Market, on Tuesdays, Thurs- . 
days, and Saturdays, at three o'clock. 

Witton-le- Wear. — Thomas Marquis, from 
the Sandhill, on Fridays, at three o'clock. 

Woodburn, Jedburgh, and Otterburn.— 
Thomas Weir, from the Old George, Union- 
street, on Thursdays, at three o'clock. 

Wooller. — John Davy, from the Half 
Moon, Bigg Market, on Wednesday morn- 
ings, at seven o'clock ; and John Lorimer, 
fi'om the Wheat Sheaf, Bigg Market, on 
Thursdays, at three o'clock 

Wrekenton. — Thomas Peacock, from the 
Sandhill, on Fridays and Saturdays, at 
three o'clock. 

Wylam. — George Welsh, from the White 
Hart, Cloth Market, on Saturdays, at four 
o'clock. 

Yarrow. — Matthew Dagg, from the Uni- 
corn, Bigg Market, on Thursdays, at lour 
o'clock. 



z 2 



aATESHEAD AND DISTEIOT. 



Gateshead is a parish and a corporate and parliamentary borongli, situated 
in the eastern division of Cliester Ward, county of Durham, about 14 miles 
N. of the city of Durham, and 272 N.W. of London. The parish contains 
an area of 3,255 acres; its population in 1801, was 8,597 ; in 1811, 8,782 ; 
in 1821, 11,767; in 1831, 15,177; in 1841, it had increased to 19,505; and 
in 1851, it had attained to 25,568 souls, of ^Yhom 12,863 were females, and 
12,705 males. There were at the same period 3,528 inhabited houses, 73 
uninhabited, and 68 in course of erectiou. The extensive and elevated 
tract of ground called Gateshead Fell, was formerly part of the parish of 
Gateshead, under w-hich all the returns are included, but although it was made 
a distinct parish and rectory in 1808, it was provided by the act of parliament 
which made the division, " that nothing in this act contained shall alter or 
affect the manor of Gateshead, or the division of the said parish into townships, 
or separate districts, for the maintenance of the poor, or for any other civil 
purpose w^hatever, but that the said manor and parish of Gateshead shall, as 
to those purposes, remain in all respects the same as if this act had not 
passed." Here are the celebrated " Newcastle Grindstone" quarries, and 
several collieries. 

The Town of Gateshead is situated on the south bank of the Tyue, opposite 
to Newcastle, with which it is connected by means of the Tyne Bridge, and 
the beautiful and unique High Level Bridge. Gateshead is more formidable 
in respect to steepness than its opposite neighbour, Newcastle. The ascent 
from the river's bank is no less than five hundred feet in two miles, and some 
of the streets leading from the old railway station to the bridge, are such as 
horses and drivers regard with an anxious eye. From this station, or from 
any contiguous spot, the view over the two towns is very striking; the river, 
the shipping, the coal-keels, the factories, the glass-works, the pottery-works, 
the lofty chimneys, the steeples, the new^ railway bridge — that grandest of 
features in the town — all combine to form a scene of great activity and interest. 
Gateshead consists of only one good and wide street on the high road to the 
north. The several narrow^ streets and lanes v/hich compose the remainder, 
branch off on each side of the principal or High-street. Bottle-bank is a street 
descending precipitately from the High-street towards the bridge, but since 



GATESHEAD AND DISTHICT. 379 

the foiination of Church-street, which passes down the side of the hill in a 
curved course, carriages avoid this steep descent. Although many of the old 
houses have been re-built or modernised, and several streets formed in course 
of the present century, there is little appearance of wealth, or of houses 
belonging to the richer class. The town is densely peopled with families of 
artisans and pitmen, while the master manufacturers, and proprietors of coal- 
pits within the borough, reside in Newcastle, or in the vicinity of the High and 
Low Fell, which are hamlets in the southern and rural districts of the parish. 
Mauy of the close alleys and fever-dens of Gateshead have been swept away 
by the late fire and explosion, and it is "to be hoped that their sites will be 
occupied by spacious thoroughfares and improved dwellings. 

The derivation of the name Gateshead, has long been a matter of doubt 
and dispute with antiquaries. Camden and others supposed that the Gabro- 
sentum of the Notitia was here, and Stukely, after finding the place called 
Ad Caprse Caput by Bede, and seeing a goat's head used as a sign, found 
that Gabrosentum in British signified goat's head. Simeon of Durham, 
speaking of the murder of Bishop Walcher, says it happened at Ad CaprEe 
Caput, w^hich he also terms Gateshead. Some think that because a branch 
of the Wathng-street ended here, it was called Gateshead, or End ; gate in 
ancient as in modern times, signifying a street or road. 

From the proximity of this town to Newcastle, its history is closely inter- 
woven "svith the annals of that place, hence the most remarkable events 
which have transpired here, have been described in the historical notice of 
Newcastle. With regard to the foundation of the town we possess no au- 
thentic information, and to enter into the various conjectures which have 
been formed by antiquarians, is foreign to our purpose. That it was a tow^n 
prior to the year 1164, we have ample evidence in the charter granted by 
Bishop Pudsey, to the inhabitants of Gateshead, in which, under certain 
restrictions, they are allowed the hberty of his forest there. By the same 
charter the bishop granted to the inhabitants, equal privileges to those 
enjoyed by the people of Newcastle, and he also granted them free passage 
with their goods through his county palatine, clear of all dues and exactions. 

The most material circumstance for which we find Gateshead noted in 
ancient history, is touching the catastrophe related of Bishop Walcher, when, 
on the 14th of May, 1080, the church was reduced to ashes. The earldom 
of Northumberland had been given, after the condemnation of Waltheof, 
to Walcher, a native of Lorraine, who had been lately raised to the see of 
Durham. The bishop was of a mild and easy disposition, his humanity 
revolted from the idea of oppressing the inhabitants himself, but his indo- 
lence prevented him from seeing or restraining the oppressions of his officers. 
Liulf, a noble Englishmau, had ventured to accuse them befoi'e the prelate, 
aud in the course of a few days he was slain. Walcher, to allay tbe ferment, 
declared his innocence of the homicide, compelled the murderers to ofier the 
legal compensation, and engaged to act as mediator between them and the 
relations of Liulf. Both parties met by agreement at Gateshead, but the 
bishop perceiving indications of yiolence among the natives, rethed into the 



38Q GATESHEAD AND DISTRICT. 

church, which was immediately set on fire by the infuriated people. He 
compelled the murderers to go out, who were immediately slain. At length, 
unable to bear the violence of the flames, he wrapped his mantle round his 
head, and appeared at the door. A voice immediately exclaimed ; " Good 
rede, short rede ; slay ye the bishop !" and he fell pierced with a number of 
wounds. His death was not sufficient to appease their revenge, for they 
mangled and insulted his body, which was found naked on the spot by the 
monks of Jarrow, who conveyed it by water, first to their own monastery, and 
subsequently to Durham, where it was privately buried in the cathedral. 

In the reign of Edward VI. Gateshead was separated from the possessions 
of the Bishop of Durham, and annexed to Newcastle, but was subsequently 
restored to its original proprietor. Bishop Skirlaw, in J 553, granted to the 
corporation of Newcastle a tract of land lying to the east of Gateshead, and 
known by the name of the " Salt Meadows," and in a short time afterwards, 
Bishop Barnes let to Queen Elizabeth, for a term of 99 years, the manors of 
Gateshead and Whickham, which lease was subsequently transferred to the 
corporation of Newcastle. On its reversion to the see of Durham in 1716, 
the park and manor of Gateshead were granted on a 21 year's lease, renew- 
able every year, at the annual rent of £2S6, lis. 4d. to W. Goatsworth, Esq., 
from whom the lease has descended to Cuthbert Ellison, Esq. of Hebburn 
Hall, the present proprietor. 

The freehold property denominated the " Borough Lands," which are 
vested in the " borough-holders" and freemen, cannot be traced to its original 
possessors. We find, that in 1557, the burgesses were in possession of 
Windmill Hill, Longflatt, and Stoneflatt, and that shortly afterwards they 
litigated their common right in Bedheugh and Harelaw, with the Whites of 
Bedheugh. There is a decree of Queen Elizabeth, which recognises the 
right of pasture in the " Town Fields," and we find cows pastured there in 
1607. By an act of parliament obtained in 1814, power was granted to en- 
close and divide certain portions of the borough-lands, or tow^n-fields. The 
quantity di\ided according to the proportion of borough tenure and common 
right, amounted to 157 acres. A certain portion of the land, was reseiwed 
under the authority of the act ; it contained about ten acres, and with the 
buildings upon it, constituted the property of the borough-holders, and free- 
men, whose number at present, is very limited. 

The Paeish Chuech, dedicated to St. Mary, is so old that the date of its 
erection is entirely unkno^vn, but we find it mentioned as early as the year 
1291, at which period the hving was w^orth £13 6s, 8d. per annum. It is a 
cruciform structure, and from the shape and hewn work of the stones, 
appears to have been constructed from the ruins of some Eoman edifice. 
Within the last century this venerable structure has undergone extensive 
alterations and repairs, the tower and a portion of the nave having been 
rebuilt, the spires taken down, and the roof altered. Six new bells were 
hung in 1773, and a beautiful stained glass window, representing the Annun- 
ciation, was presented to the chnrch in 1819. A new organ was purchased 
by subscription in 1824, and the interior wood-work on theground floor; with 



GATESHEAD AKD DISTRICT. . 381 

tlie gallery front and pulpit, were removed and replaced in 1838, Avlien the 
interior of the church was generally repaired, altered, and heated by hot 
water. The church possesses accommodation for 1 ,007 persons, and 125 . 
children. The living, a rectory in the arch-deaconary of Durham, and 
deanery of Chester, is rated at £27 13s. 4d., gross income, £750. Patron, 
the Bishop of Durham. Rector, the Rev. John Davies, D.D. The parish 
register commences in 1559. 

Such was the state of this ancient edifice, but it is now a complete wreck, 
from the effects of the explosion which took place in its neighbourhood, on the 
6th of October of the current year. Not a window was left in the church, 
and the three faces of the clock were blown out, though it was not in itself 
injured. At a meeting of the parishioners, held on the 15th of November of 
the present year, it was decided to repair and restore the venerable structure. 
The cost of the repairs, &c., ^vUl amount to upwards of £1,255. 

Tbinity Chapel — This ancient structure, supposed to have been erected 
previous to J 207, is situated in High-street. After the confiscation of the 
property of the monastic establishments, it became the property of the ancient 
Northumbrian famity of Riddell, whose mansion house, which stood adjacent, 
suff'ered severely frsm the Scots under Leslie, and being the residence of a 
Catholic family, was plundered and set on fire by a Protestant mob in 1746. 
This chapel, which seems to have fallen into disuse after the union of the 
hospitals of the Holy Trinity and St. Edmund in 1248, shared the violence 
of the mob, and remained a ruin until the year 1836, when Cuthbert Ellison, 
Esq., lord of the manor, gave the ground and building, as also a site for the 
erection of schools, to the rector and churchwardens of Gateshead. In conse- 
quence of this gift, a public subscription was commenced, which realised a 
sufficient sum for the repair of the venerable edifice and the erection of the 
schools. The chapel was opened for worship, according to the rites of the 
church of England, in 1837. The eastern window contains the armorial 
bearings of many of the subscribers, beautifully executed in stained glass by 
Mr. Wailes of Newcastle. The Rev, Thomas Speck is the present chaplain. 
St, Edmund's Chapel, High-street, was erected by subscription in 1809, 
at a cost of £1,331. There was formerly but one service at this chapel on 
Sundays, but since the wreck of the parish church by the explosion of the 
6th of October, there has been three services — an arrangement which will 
be continued so long as it may be necessary. — Rev. William Bennett, chaplain. 
Bethesda Chapel. — This building, the property of the Methodist New 
Connexion, is situated between Brunswick-terrace and Melbourne-street. It 
is a fine commodious brick edifice, with a stone portico, and possesses 
sufficient accommodation for 970 persons. The basement storey senses as 
a school. 

The Peesbyterian Chapel, situated at the head of Melbourne-street, was 
erected in 1836, by a congregation of Independents, from whom it was 
transferred to the present occupants. It is a commodious edifice with school- 
room, &c. attached, and is seated for 640 persons, — The Rev. T. K. Knox, is 
the present minister. 



382 Gx^TESHEAD AND DISTEICT. 

The Peijiitive Methodist Chapel in West-street, is a small structure 
possessiug sittings for about 80 persons. There is also another chapel 
belonging to the same body in Nelson-street. 

The Wesleyan Chapel, situated in High-street, is a fine commodious 
structure, erected in 1815, and ^dll accommodate 670 persons. There is a 
vestry and suitable school-rooms adjoiniDg the chapel. There is another 
Wesleyan Chapel in Pipewellgate, which will seat about 165 persons. 

The Anchorage School. — This establishment is said to derive its name 
from the dues for anchorage in the Tyne, having been originally appropriated 
to its support. It occupies apartments over the vestries of St, Mary's Churoh, 
and has an endowment of £12 per annum, bequeathed by Dr. Pickering, 
rector of Gateshead, in 1701. For this endow^ment the master teaches 
fifteen boys, at a reduced charge of one shilling a quarter, these boys being 
nominated by the rector of Gateshead for the time being. According to the 
deed of foundation, the boys are to be taught " the Latin and Greek tongues, 
as w^ell as to write and cast up accounts, and the art of navigation or plain 
sailing." In addition to these English Grammar, Geography, and Mathema- 
tics form a part of the course of instruction. — The Piev. W. Bennett is the 
present master. 

The Ellison Schools adjoin the Trinity Chapel, High-street, and were 
erected by subscription in 1838. They comprise schools for infants and boys ; 
the former occupying the ground floor, and the latter the first floor of the 
building. — John Cranston and Martha Carr, teachers. 

The National Schools p.re situated in Ellison-terrace, and occupy a fine 
stone building, which w^as erected in 1842, at a cost of £907, exclusive of the 
site. This establishment comprises separate schools for boys and girls, class- 
rooms, &c. which are well adapted for the purposes to vrhich they are applied. 
W. Clifford and Miss Clifford, teachers. 

There are several other schools both public and private, for which see 
Academies and Schools in the Directory. 

St. Edmund's, or King James's Hospital. — The rehgious institutions 
which flourished at Monkchester — see Newcastle — no doubt gave rise to 
those on the south side of the Tyne. Amongst these was the chapel or 
hospital of St. Edmund, King and Martyr, now called King James's Hospital. 
Tanner iuforms us that one Uttan was abbot of a monastery here prior to 
653, but the date of its foundation and the name of its founder are alike 
unknoAvn. It appears to have been converted into an hospital some time 
before the dissolution of the religious houses by Henry VIII. for Leland 
says, " whereas the hospital of St. Edmund, of Gateshead, in Wyrale, w^as 
some time a monastery, as I have heard, and be lykelyhood the same that 
Bede speakythe of." Its annual value is stated in Dugdale's Monasticon, at 
£5. 9s. 4d. ; but according to Speed, at £109. 4s. 4d. Although the ancient 
history of St. Edmund's Hospital is involved in obscurity, it is certain that 
Bishop Farnham, in 1248, annexed to it the chapel and hospital of the Holy 
Trinity, and amongst the numerous charters respecting this institution, care- 
fully preserved in Gateshead vestry, is one dated 28th of April, 1485, in 



GATESHEAD AND DISTRICT. " 383 

which this hitter is styled "the chantry of the Holy Trinity in the Hospital 
of St, Edmund." Bishop Farnham endowed it with several estates in the 
neighbourhood, and gave to it a charter in which it is recited that the estab- 
lishment should consist of four priests, one of whom was to be master, but 
was to eat at the same table, &c. as the rest of the brethren. After the Dis- 
solution, this establishment became the property of the crown, by whom 
masters were regularly appointed, but the charters having been afterwards 
lost, and the revenues partly converted to purposes of private emolument, it 
was refounded by James I. in 1610. The new society was ordered to consist 
of a master, who should always be the rector of Gateshead for the time being, 
and of three poor brethren. In 1810 an act of parliament was passed, which 
empowered the master and brethren to let leases of their property, in parcels 
not exceeding one acre, for a term of not more than 99 years, and by the 
provisions of the said act the number of brethren was increased to thirteen, 
ten of whom are styled younger brethren. Each of the elder, or ancient 
brethren, receives £25 per annum, a suit of clothes, a house to live in, and 
an allowance for coals. The ten younger brethren must be single men, 56 
years of age, or upwards, of good character, and not possessing more than 
£20 a-year. They each receive £12 per annum, and a suit of clothes every 
two years. A salary of £40 per annum is paid to the chaplain, who officiates 
in St. Edmund's Chapel. The whole of the appointments are made by the 
Kector of Gateshead, as master of the hospital, usually from inhabitants of 
Gateshead. The ancient brethren reside in houses, built about the year 
1812, on lands belonging to the hospital. The revenues, derived from lands 
and mines, amounted, at the time of the Charity Commissioners' Keport, to 
£525. 17s. per annum. 

The Gateshead Dispensary, established in 1832, is situated on the west 
side of High-street, and is solely supported by public subscriptions and dona- 
tions. Prior to the year above mentioned, this town had provided no rehef, 
of a medical character, for the poor, but immediately after the visitation of 
the cholera, at that period, this praiseworthy institution was established, and 
well and efficiently has it done its work. Did we need anything to prove its 
efficiency, we have only to allude to the facility vdth which the sufferers at 
the late disastrous conflagration, w^ere relieved and their wants attended to. 
It is in contemplation to erect a new and more suitable building as soon as 
the requisite funds can be obtained. The total number of persons who have 
received the benefit of this institution, since its commencement in 1832, is 
upwards of 100,000. T. W. Crester, house surgeon. 

The Town Hall is situated in Half Moon Lane, near the south end of the 
High Level Bridge. It contains a spacious Council Chamber, Police Court, 
and the various corporate offices, as also the County Court for the Gateshead 
District. 

The Mechanics' Institution. — This institution was first established in 
1837, and in 1846 a pubhc subscription was commenced for a new building, 
which was completed and opened in 1848, at a cost of £1,372. The expense 
of the site for this building was contributed by Cuthbert Ellison, Esq. The 



381 GATESHEAD AND DISTRICT- 

establishment contains on the first floor a spacious hall, in -which lectures are 
occasionally delivered, and on the ground floor is the librar}^ with a residence 
for the Hbrarian. The library contains aboiit 3,200 volumes, besides the 
various metropolitan and local newspapers, periodicals, &c. Richard Cook, 
librarian. There is also a Literary Institution in West-street. 

G-ATESHEAD PosT Office, is situatcd in Tyne-lane, and was first esta- 
blished in 1771. A statement of the times of arrival and departure of the 
several mails will be found prefixed to the Directory. 

The Yoek, Newcastle, and Bekwick, Railway Station, Half Moon 
Lane, was erected in 1844, as a station for the Darlington Junction Railway, 
and was formerly used for the Brandling Junction Railway. Richard Alison, 
station master. 

The Gateshead Poor Law Union, comprehends 1 2 parishes and town- 
ships, including an area of 25,493 acres, and a population in 1851, of 
48,081 souls. The parishes and townships are Chopwell, Crawcrock, Fell- 
side, Gateshead with Gateshead Fell, Heworth, Lowside, Stella, Swalwell, 
Rytou, Ryton Woodside, Whickham, and Winlaton. The Union Work- 
house is situated in Union-lane. Arthur Main, master; Eliza Main, 
matron; R, H, Wilson surgeon; and — Struthers, teacher. 

Manufactures and Trade. — Gateshead is progressively and rapidly 
increasing in importance as a manufacturing district. There are extensive 
manufactories of chain-cables, with numerous iron and brass-foundries, and 
glass-houses, several of which are very extensive. There are also other man- 
ufactories of different kinds. Upwards of 500 persons are engaged in the 
manufacture of glass-bottles alone. There are extensive collieries w'ithin 
the borough, and on Gateshead Fell are situated the great grindstone quarries, 
whence Newcastle is said to have derived all its commercial fame for " New- 
castle Grindstones," which are exported to eveiy part of the globe. The late 
terrific explosion having destroyed a great amount of property in the vicinity 
of the Tyne, it is purposed by the corporation to purchase the several 
buildings extending along the river, from the High Level Bridge in Pipe- 
well-gate, on the w^est, to the North Eastern Railway Drops, in Hillgate, on 
the east, and on their site to form quays or wharfs, with the requisite 
buildings, &c. 

Government and Franchise. — From the earliest period of its records till 
the year 1695, Gateshead was governed by a baihff appointed by the Bishop 
of Durham. Since that year and previous to the passing of the new municipal 
act, it was governed by two stewards, chosen by the borough-holders and 
freemen, but they exercised no jurisdiction or municipal authority over the 
borough, and received no tolls or dues of any kind within it. There is no 
charter in existence, but a belief exists that the borough was once incorporated, 
and some faint traces remain of corporate titles, offices, and customs; a common 
seal, and considerable borough property descending in pei'petuity. The ancient 
deeds and papers deposited in a chest kept by the stewards, were surrep- 
titiously removed many years ago, but one of the remaining documents bearing 
the date 1696, contains allusions to the ''town and borough of Gateshead," 



GATESHEAD AND DISTKICT. 



385 



and to a grant made by Queen Elizabeth, " of Bensham and Harps-Head to 
the town and borough of Gateshead." Bishops Cosin and Tunstal, and Oliver 
Cromwell, incorporated a number of trading companies here, but they have 
almost all become extinct By the Municipal Corporations Act, the borough 
was divided into three ivards, called respectively East, West, and South Wards, 
and incorporated under the style of " The Borough-holders and Freemen of 
the Borough of Gateshead." Six aldermen and eighteen councillors were 
appointed lor its government, and a commission of the peace was also granted 
to it. The borough of Gateshead consists of the parish of Gateshead, and 
part of the chapelry of Heworth in the parish of Jarrow, containing in 1851, 
763 inhabitants. This borough was also eufranchised by the Reform Act, 
and now returns one member to the Imperial Parliament. The boundaries of 
the municipal and parhamentary boroughs are coincident. William Hutt, Esq. 
is the present member. 



BOROUGH OF GATESHEAD. 

COKPOBATION IN 1854-5, 

Richard W. Hodgson, Mayor. 
William Kell, Town Cleric. I Samuel E. Pearse, Treasurer, 



ALDEKxMEN. 



James Smith 
John Lister 
Joseph Eobson 



Thomas Cummins 
Geobge Hawks 
Charles J. Pearson 



East Ward. 
James Hewitt. 
Frederick P. lonn. 
William Aspdin 
John Skelton. 
George Brinton. 
Joseph A. Hymers. 



COUNCILLOES. 

West Ward. 
Bryan J. Prockter. 
William Douglas. 
George Crawshay. 
Peter Haggle. 
George Hunter. 
William Cook. 



South Ward. 
Eichard W. Hodgson. 
Thomas Welford. 
Alexander G. Grey. 
Christian Allhusen. 
George Patterson. 
James Wilson. 



BOEOUGH MAGISTRATES. 



The Mayor. 
John Lister. 
Thomas Cummins. 
George Hawks, 
John Barras. 



3 A 



William Hymers. 
John Grace, jun, 
James Pollock. 
Ealph Wake. 
William H. Brockett. 



386 ; o-^i^-Ti-SKEAD AND DISTEICT. 

CHARITIES OF GATESHEAD, 

As abstracted from the Parliamentary Reports, icith the date of each bequest, and the 

name of the donor. 

Date. _ Donors and nature of gifts. To T7hat purposes applied. Annual value. 

1245. Nicliolas Farnham (rent) King James's Hospital. . . .£'525 17 

1624. Anthony Hebson (rent charge) poor 1 

1627. Henry Smith poor, in clothing 16 18 

1648. Andrew Aldworth (rent charge) poor 1 

1680. James Cole (rent charge ) poor 4 

1672. Elizabeth Colliuson (rent) poor widows & inhabitants 12 10 

1676. Matthew Bates (rent charge) poor I 

1679. Sir W. Blackett (rent charge) poor 2 

1687. Harrison and others (interest) poor 13 10 

1689. John Bowman (rent) . . = poor 5 

16.96. Thomas EawHng (rent) poor 18 

1700-1. T. Pickering (interest) Anchorage School 12 

1703. Jane Sutton (rent charge) poor 1 

1728. Thomas Powell (rent) Almshouse 2 

1745. Hannah Thompson (rent charge) poor 210 



Total £618 5 

GATESHEAD DISTRICT. " 

Barsingto2t Place is a hamlet in the parish of Gateshead, situated about 
tliree-fourths of a mile south of Tjne Bridge. Bensham is also a hamlet iu 
the same parish, one mile and a half S.W. of Gateshead. St. Cuthbert's 
Church is situated at the angle formed by the road leading down to Bensham, 
with the Hexham Turnpike Road. It was erected in 1844, as a chapel of ease 
to St. Mary's, Gateshead, the serrice being performed by the clergymen of 
the mother church. 

Bill Quay is a village on the south side of the Tyne, in the townsliip of 
Lower Heworth. It is situated about four miles east of Gateshead. Here is 
a Wesleyan Methodist Chapel. 

Blaydon, a village in the tov\'nship of Winlaton, is situated on the Tyne, 
at the confluence of a small burn, five miles west of Gateshead. It contains 
a church dedicated to St. Cuthbert, a Primitive, and a Wesleyan Methodist 
chapel, a National School, and a Mechanics' Institute. Here is also a station 
on the Newcastle and Carlisle railway. The Blaydon Mechanics' Institute 
was erected by subscription in 1853, the cost being upwards of £600. It is 
a handsome and commodious structure, in a modern style of architecture, and 
comprises a reading-room,. library, and a large lecture-hall; the latter is used 
as a school during the week, and as a place of worship by the Wesleyan 
Methodist Reformers on Sundays. The news-room is well supplied with the 
various metropolitan and provincial journals, periodicals, etc., and the library 
contains upwards of 400 volumes in general literature. Joseph Cowen, Esq., 
and Mr. James Eadie, secretaries ; Mr. Joseph Elliott, librarian. 

Blue Quarries is a hamlet in the parish of Gateshead, situated near 
Sheriff Hill, about two and a half miles S. by E. of Tyne Bridge. 



GATESHEAD AKD BISTEICT. 387 

Care's Hill is a pleasantly situated village, in Upper Heworth and Gates- 
head townships, one mile and a half S. by E. of Gateshead. 

DuNSTON, a populous village in Whickham parish, is situated on the river 
Team, two miles W.S.W. of Gateshead, where there are several coal staiths, 
belonging to different collieries. Here are chapels belonging to the Methodist 
New^ Connexion, and to the Primitive and Wesleyan Methodists, as also a 
National School. At Dunston Hill, a little to the south of the ville.ge, is Carr 
Villa, the seat of Cuthbert Carr, Esq., commanding a fine view of Newcastle 
and the adjacent country. 

Felling (High), a village in the township of Nether Heworth, and parish 
of Jarrow, is situated two miles S.E. of Gateshead. The Independents, 
Methodist New Connexion, Primitive Methodists, and Wesleyans, have 
chapels here. 

Felling (Low) is also a village in the same township and parish as High 
FelHng. It is about two miles E. by S. of Newcastle, and possesses a Catholic 
church, a School, a P-ailway station, etc. Here are extensive chemical works 
and other manufactories. 

Felling Shore is a populous district two and a half miles east of Gateshead, 
possessing quays for shipping grindstones, and several manufactories. There 
are two chapels here belonging to the Methodist New Connexion and Wes- 
leyan Methodists. 

Gateshead High Fell is situated two and a half miles, and Gateshead 
Low Fell two and a quarter miles, south of Tyne Bridge. 'At Low^ Fell 
there is a Methodist New Connexion Chapel, and one belonging to the Wesleyan 
Methodists. There is also a public School, Library, and Lecture rooms. 

Hebbuen is a village in the parish of Jarrow and tow^nship of Monkton, 
situated four and a half miles E. hj S. of Gateshead. It contains two chapels 
belonging respectively to the Primitive and Wesleyan Methodists, and a 
school for the children of those who are employed in the collieries of this 
neighbourhood. 

Hebburn Quay is situated a little to the north of Hebburn village — vast 
quantities of ballast are deposited here from the ships coming into the Tyne. 
Hebburn and the surrounding neighbourhood was formerly the property of 
the monastei'v of Jarrow. 

Heworth (Nether) is a chapelry township and village in the parish of Jarrow. 
The chapelry and township, which are coextensive, comprise an area of 2,853 
acres, and the population in 1801, was 2,887; in 1811, 2,905; in 1821, 
3,921; in 1831, 5,424; in 1841, 7,008; and in 1851, 8,869 souls. This 
increase of population is owing to the opening of a new colliery and the 
establishment of manufactories. The Village of Heworth is situated about 
two miles and three-quarters E.S.E. of Newcastle. The Church is a hand- 
some structure in the Gothic style, erected in 1822 at a cost of £2026, and 
in consequence of a grant having been received from the Society for Promoting 
the Enlargement of Churches, 620 sittings are free and unappropriated for ever. 
In the burial ground attached to this church is a monumental stone, com- 
memorating a dreadful accident which occiuTed at Felling ColUery, in May, 



388 GATESHEAD AND DISTRICT. 

1819, when ninety-one persons were killed by an explosion of fire-damp. This 
chapelry was erected into a District Parish in Febraary, 1843. The living, a 
curacy in the archdeaconiy of Durham, and deanery of Chester, is in the 
patronage of T. Brown, Esq. and others. Incumbent, the Rev. John Henry 
Butt. 

Hewoeth (High) is a village situated about three-quarters of a mile S. of 
Heworth Nether. It contains a few scattered houses, and commands an ex- 
tensive view of the river Tyne. Hewobth Shoee is, as its name implies, on 
the banks of the river, two miles and a half E. by S. of Gateshead, adjoining 
Felling Shore on the east. Here are numerous manufactories of various 
kinds, which afford employment to a considerable number of persons. 

MoNKTON is a township and village in Jarrow parish, about one mile S. of 
Hebburn. Here is a Chapel of Ease to Ja.rrow, and a Wesley an Methodist 
Chapel. 

Pelaw Main is a hamlet in the township of Heworth, four miles east of 
Gateshead, on the west of Hebburn Quay. 

Shebiff Hill, or Gateshead Fell, is situated about two miles south of 
Gateshead. Here is St John's District Parish church, which was erected in 
1825, at a cost of £3339. It contains 1,000 sittings, half of which are free 
and unappropriated. The living, a perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry of 
Durham and deanery of Chester, is in the patronage of the Bishop of Durham, 
and incumbency of the Rev. WiUiam Atkinson, M.A. 

Stella is a township and village in Ryton Parish, comprising 319 acres, 
its population in 1801, was 314; in 1811, 385; in 1821, 421; in 1831, 
482 ; in 1841, 563; in 1851, 565 souls. The Village of Stella is situated 
on the Tyne, six miles west of Newcastle. Here is a neat Catholic Church, 
dedicated to St. Mary and St. Thomas, attached to which are schools for 
both sexes. 

Swalwell is a township and village in Whickham parish. The popula- 
tion of the township in 1811, was 1,393 ; in 1821, 1,320 ; in 1831, 1,372 ; 
in ]841, 1,611; and in 1851, 1,429 souls. This decrease of population is 
ascribed to the closing of the large iron w^orks which formerly existed here. 
Swalwel was formerly the property of a family which bore the local name, 
from whom it passed to the Thorntons, and subsequently was possessed by 
the Lumleys. The Village of Swalwell is situated about four miles W. by 
S. of Gateshead. Here are chapels belonging to the Presbyterians, Primitive, 
and Wesleyan Methodists, and the Wesleyan Reformers. There is also a 
Charity School and a Mechanics' Institute, and Library, — J. Armstrong, 
librarian. 

Teams is a hamlet situated about two miles west of Gateshead, Here is a 
chapel belonging to the Methodist New Connexion. 

Whickham is a parish in the west division of Chester Ward, three miles 
W.S.W. of Gateshead, east of the river Derwent, and south of the river Tyne, 
and the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway. It contains the townships of Fell- 
side, Lowside, Swalwell, and Whickham, whose united area is 5,993 acres. 
The population of the parish in 1801, was 3,659 ; in 1811, 3,746 ; in 1821, 



GATESHEAD AND DISTRICT. 389 

3,713; in 1831, 3,848; in 1841, 4,319; and in 1851, 5,565 souls. The 
number of inhabitants in the township of Whickham in 1811, was 768 ; in 
1821,788; in 1831, 873; in 1841, 923; and in 1851, 910 souls. The 
manor is held by lease of the Bishop of Durham. The Village of 
Whickham is weU built, and some of the houses stand on the brink 
of a steep descent, which commands a beautiful prospect of the vale of 
Tyne from Newburn to Newcastle. The Church, dedicated to St. Mary, 
is an ancient aud beautiful building. The living, a rectory in the arch- 
deaconiy of Durham and deanery of Chester, is valued in the Liber Regis 
at £20 8s. ll^d. ; gross income £803. Patron, the Bishop of Durham. 
Rector, the Rev. Henry B. Carr, M.A. The Primitive and Wesleyan Metho- 
dists have chapels here. This parish possesses several day schools, one of 
which is endowed with £10 per annum, and another is partly supported by 
the Bishop of Durham. The Day and Sunday school is endowed for the in- 
struction of thirty poor children. It was founded in 1711, by the Rev. Robert 
Tomlinson, D.D., sometime rector of this parish, and derives its income from 
sundry bequests left by him and others, partly from the rental of certain gal- 
leries and pews in the church, partly from subscriptions, and partly from 
small payments made by the children. The school-room was considerably 
enlarged by Archdeacon Bowyer. The endowments of this Charity, at the 
time of the Charity Commissioners' Report, yielded £14. per annum. 

Windy Nook is a hamlet in the township of Upper Heworth, and parish 
of Jarrow, situated two and three quarter miles S.E. of Gateshead. Here 
is a Chapel of Ease dedicated to St, Alban, the proto-martyr of Britain, a 
Methodist New Connexion Chapel, and St Alban 's Schools. 

WiNLATON is a parish, township, and village, in the western division of 
Chester Ward. The parish comprises the townships of Chop well and Win- 
laton, which, previous to 1841, were returned as part of Ryton parish, and 
whose united area is 8,261 acres. Its population in 1801, was 3,367; in 
1811, 3,354; in 1821, 3,532; in 1831, 3,951; in 1841, 5,326; and in 
1851, 6,085 souls. The township of Winlaton contains 5,111 acres, and the 
number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 3,021 ; in 1811, 3,063 ; in 1821, 
3,295; in 1831, 3,951; in 1841, 5,006; and in 1851, 5,627 souls. The 
Village of Winlaton is situated on the west side of the Derwent, six miles 
west of Gateshead. The Church, dedicated to St. Paul, is an elegant 
Gothic structure, erected in 1828, from a design by Ignatius Bonomi, Esq. 
at a cost of £2,500. The living is a rectory in the archdeaconry of Durham, 
and deanery of Chester, gross income £356. Patron, the Bishop of Durham. 
Rector, the Rev. Henry Wardle, M.A. There is an Independent church 
formed in 1831, and the Presbyterians, Wesleyans, and Primitive Methodists, 
have places of worship here. The village also possesses a Mechanics' Insti- 
tution, and a Subscriptii^n Library. 

Wrekenton is a hamlet in Gateshead parish, situated about three and 
a quarter miles south of Gateshead. The Wesleyans and Primitive Metho- 
dists have chapels here. There are also the Barringtou, aud the National 
Schools. 



■sm) 



GATESHEAD AND DISTRICT DIEECTOEY. 



POST OFFICE, GATESHEAD, 

William Douglas, Postmaster. 
STATEMENTS OF DELI^^EIES AND DESPATCHES. 



AERIVALS. 


Arrives at 


Delivery 

commence 

about. 


Erom London, tlie South generally, and Ireland 


7 10a.m.\ 

7 10 a.m. 

8 25 p.m. 
11 p.m. 
10 p.m. 
10 Op.m.^ 

5 5 p.m.' 
5 35 p.m. 

3 15 p.m. 
5 35 p.m. 
5 35 p.m. 

4 35 p.m. 

5 Op.m.^ 














- 8 a.m. 


„ South Shields 




Sunderland ••••,............ 




From London, the South generally, and Ireland 




Scotland and Places North 








„ South Shields 


- 6 15 p.m. 


„ North Sliields 


„ Sunderland 




Local Posts 





SUNDAYS. 

There is no Delivery hy Letter-carriers on Sundays. Letters are delivered from the Office 
Window between eight and ten, a.m. 



DESPATCHES, 



To Edinburgh and Places North 

5, Ditto, &c. (Second Despatch) 

„ CarUsle and Places West 

5, London, the South generally, and Ireland 
5, Ditto, &c. (Second Despatch) 



Newcastle 


1st 


Ditto 


2nd 


Sunderland 


1st 


Ditto 


2nd 


Ditto 


3rd 


North Shields, 


Ist 


Ditto 


2nd 


South Shields 


]st 


Ditto 


2nd. 


Local Posts . 





Box closes 
at 



6 40a.m 

4 15p.m 
9 30a.m 

5 20p.m 
10 Op.m 

G 40 a.m. 

5 20p.m, 

10 Op.m, 

3 30 p.m. 

5 30 p.m. 

6 40 a.m. 
5 20 p.m. 

10 Op.m, 
5 30 p.m. 

7 30 a.m. 



Letters re- 
ceived bear- 
ing one 
additional 
stamp. 



6 50a.m 

4 35p.m 
9 40a.m 

5 40p.m 



6 50a.m, 
5 40p.m, 



3 50p.m, 

5 56 p.m. 

6 50 a.m. 
5 40 p.m. 



5 50p.m, 



Bags closed 
at 



7 a.m. 

4 45 p.m. 
10 a.m. 

5 50 p.m. 
10 Op.m. 

7 a.m. 
5 50 p.m. 

10 Op.m. 

8 55 p.m. 
5 55 p.m. 
7 a.m. 
5 50 p.m. 

]0 Op.m. 
5 55i).m. 
7 30 a.m. 



Sundays. — The Carlisle Mail will leave at 8-30 a.m. 
Money Oedees will be granted and paid between the hours of nine a.m. and 4-45 p.m. 

Post Office, Blaydon, J. P. Dalton, postmaster. Letters arrive about 10-30, and 
are despatched at 3 p.m. 

Post Office, High Felling, WAZ&hGth Bwm, postmistress. Letters arrive at 10-16, 
a.m. and are despatched ^t 3-30 p.m. 



GATESHEAD AKD DISTEICT DIEECTORY. 



391 



Post Office, Hebeuen, Jolin Kobson, 'postmaster. Letters arrive about 12-30 p.m. 
and are despatched at 1-30 p.m. 

Post Office, Hewoeth, G. F. A. Willshire, i^ostmaster. Letters arrrive at 10-15 
a.m. and are despatched at 3 p.m. 

Post Office, Sheriff Hill, Jane Dawson, 'postmistress. Letters arrive at 11 a.m. 
and are despatched at 7-30 p.m. 

Post Office, Swalwell, Eobert Shield, postmaster. Letters arrive at 12-30 p.m. 
and are despatched at 1-4& p.m. 

Post Office, Whickham, John J. Eobinson, postmaster. Letters arrive at 11 a.m. 
and are despatched at 8-30 p.m. 

Post Office, WiKLATON,Isaac Aydon, postmaster. Letters arrive at 12 at noon. 



eATESHEAD & DISTRICT DmECTORY. 



ABBOT John & Co, iron & brass founders, 

South-shore 
Abbot John, iron and brass founder (J. Abbot 
and Co.) ; ho. 2, Elhson -place, Newcastle 
Abbot John George, iron and brass founder 
(J. Abbot and Co.); ho. 2, Ellison-place, 
Newcastle 
Adams David, schoolmaster. High Felling 
Adamson Eev. Edward Hussey incumbent 
of St. Alban's, Windy Nook, Greencroft 
Yilla, Blue Quarries 
Adamson Eobert, tailor, High Felling 
Adamson Eleanor & Matilda, confectioners, 

Half Moon-lane 
Adamson John Arldess, prov. dlr. Swalwell 
Adshead Charles L. druggist, Wrekenton 
Alston Wilham, butcher, Blaydon 
Akenhead Mr. A. 58, High-street 
Alderson Ann, vict. Bush Inn, Oakwell-gate 
Aldridge Saml. vict. Board Inn, Bill Quay 
Allan Hannah, prov. dealer, Pipewell-gate 
Allan Nicholas, prov. dealer, Grahamsley-st 
Allen Eobert and Co. grocers, Easton-court 
. Allhusen C. and Co. soap and alkali manu- 
facturers, Mount Greenwich 
Allhusen Christian, soap and alkali manu- 
facturer (C. Allhusen and Co.); ho. Els- 
wick-hall, Newcastle 
Allison Eichard, Gateshead, station master; 

ho. Grosvenor-street 
Almond Mrs. Mary, midwife, 21, EHison-st 
Almond Thomas, painter, Carr's Hill 



Alexander Wm. builder, Heworth Shore; 

ho. High Felling 
Anderson George, provision dlr. Chapel-st 
Anderson John, 17, Molendine-terrace 
Anderson & Miller, hat manufrs. Bridge-st 
Anderson Eobert vict. Blue Bell Inn and 

butcher, High Felling 
Anderson Eobert, hat manufacturer (Ander- 
son and Miller); ho. 11, Bloomfield-ter 
Anderson Eev. Thos. Knox, (Presbyterian) 

Borough-field 
Anderson Thomas cashier of North British 

Eailway Company ; ho. 5, Kin g William st 
Anderson William, viewer, High Heworth 
Anderson Wm. violin maker, Grahamsley-st 
Angus Mrs. Ehzabeth, Poplar Cottage, 

Union-lane 
Angus & Eeed, grocers and drprs. Winlaton 
Angus Thomas, leather merchant, L^nion-pl 
Andrews Nicholas & Son, ironmongers, &c. 

Sunderland Eoad-end 
Andrews Nicholas, ironmonger( N.Andrews 

and Son) ; ho. 6, High West-street 
AndreAvs Thomas, nail (cut and wrought) 

manufactiu-er (N. Andrews, and Son) ; 

6, High West-street 
Apedaile Thomas H. solicitor (Kell and 

Apedaile) ;ho. Haydon Bridge 
Appleby Thos. prov. dealer, Grosvenor-st 
Archer Miss Margaret, 20, Eaveusworth-ter 
Archer Tlios. smith, Dunston 
Arkle E . vict, WilliamlV. Inn. Low-B ensham 



393 



GATESHEAD Aj^D DISTEICT DIRECTORY. 



Arkle John, butcher, 188, High-street; ho. 

West-street 
Arkless Christiana, prov. dealer, "Wickham 
Armstrong Charles, land agent, Axwell 

Park Lodge, near Swalwell 
Armstrong? George, paint and colour manfr. 

FeUing-shore ; ho. 18, Claremont-place 
Armstrong George, solicitor, 2, Bridge-st; 

ho. 9, Albion-place, Newcastle 
Armstrong Geo. blacksmith, Winlaton 
Armstrong Henry, butcher, Winlaton 
Armstrong John, grocer & farmer, Swalwell 
Armstrong John, railway engineer, Hutt st 
Armstrong John, shopkeeper. High FeUing 
Armstrong Joseph, shovel handle manu- 
facturer, Swalwell 
Armstrong Mat, beer retailer, Low FeUing 
Armstrong Michael, provision dlr. Winlaton 
Armstrong Eobert, prov. dealer, Wrekenton 
Armstrong Thomas, boot maker and provi- 
sion dealer. Low Felling 
Arnott James, deputy clerk of County Court, 

Sandhill ; ho. 3, Union-row 
Arthur Thos. vict. Elephant Inn, Swalwell 
Arthur William, teacher, Heworth 
Aspdin, Ord, and Co. mnfrs. of patent Port- 
land cement, Blackwall and London 
Aspdin Wm. cement manufacturer, (A. Ord 
and Co.); ho. Strawberry -place, Newcastle 
Atchison Andrew, baker, 9, Bridge-street, 

and at Newcastle 
Atkin Walter, grocer, 181, High-street 
Atkinson Bartholow. Aveigh house, High-st 
Atkinson Geo. Thompson, dyer, 22, Church- 
street ; ho. 2, Albert-terrace, Newcastle 
Atkinsonlsabella, lodgings, 15,Melboume-st 
Atkinson John, agent, 47, Melbourne-street 
Atkinson John, provision dlr. 29, High-st 
Atkinson John, smith, High-street; ho. 

Wmdmill-hills 
Atkinson John, farmer and carter, Winlaton 
Atkinson John, tailor. High Felhng 
Atkinson Jonathan, butcher, Whickham 
Atldnson Joseph, house painter, 5, Grosve- 

nor-street 
Atkinson Joseph, teacher, Dunston 
Atkinson Mrs. Margaret, Cramer-dykes 
Atkinson E.vict. GlassHouseTavern,'E\scs diOn 
Atkinson Bichard, prov. dealer and draper, 

Dunston 
Atkinson Robert, cart proptr. High-street 
Atkinson Sarah, vict. Ellison Arms Inn, 

EHison-street 
Atkinson Thomas, bootmaker, Dunston 
Atkinson Thomas, grocer, 18, Bridge-street; 

ho. 6, Sedgewick-place 
Atkinson Wm. confectr, &c. 138, High-st. 



Atkinson Rev. WilHam, incumbent of Saint 

John's, Sheriff HiU 
Atley Thomas, gentleman, Cramer-dykes 
Audas Joshua, clerk at Abbot's, High-street 
Audas William, tin-plate worker, Hill-street; 

ho. 1, Brunswick-terrace 
Aydon Edward, provision dealer, Blaydon 
Aydon Isaac, postmaster, Winlaton 
Ayre Jacob, tailor and draper, Wrekenton 
Ayre Mrs. Margaret, seminary, ], Union-pl 

BACON Mary, provision dealer, Carr's-hill 
B agnail Isaiah, draper, Winlaton 
Bagnall John, smith and butcher, Winlaton 
Bagnall R. S. Son and Co. chain, hinge, and 

nail manufacturer, Winlaton, and forgo 

w^orks, at Swalwell 
Bagnall Henry A. chain, &c. manufacturer 

(R. S. Bagnall, Son, & Co.); ho. Winlaton 
Bagnall Isaiah, chain, Szc. manufacturer 

(R. S. Bagnall, Son, & Co.); ho. Winlaton 
Bagnall R. S. chain, &c, manufti'. (Bagnall 

Son & Co.) ; ho. Winlaton 
Bailes WiUiam, joiner and cartwright, Low 

Felling; ho. HoUy-hill 
Bainbridge John, prov. dealer, Park-lane 
Bainbridge John, provision dlr. 184, High-st 
Bainbridge Thos. gentleman. Low Bensham 
BainbridgeThos.whitesmith,28,Bottle-bauk 
Bainbridge Wm. vict. Eavcnsworth Castle 

Inn, Hutt-street 
Baliol John Thomas, medicine vendor, 5, 

Church-street 
Ball John, comrcial. traveller, The Crescent 
Balsdon James, painter, &c. Pipewell-gate 
Banson Jane, teacher, Heworth 
Barclay James, provision dlr. High-Felling 
Bai'kas Miss Margaret, The Crescent 
Barkess Henry, provision dlr. Sedgewick-pl 
Barkus Benjamin, M.D. & surgeon, 2, High 

West-street 
Barkus William, viewer, Eighton Lodge 
Barkus William, viewer, Low Fell 
Barnes Elizabetii, \ict.Yarmouth Arms Inn, 

Heworth Shore 
Barnes Henry, bootmaker, Bill Quay 
Barnes Robert and John, farmers, Monkton 
Barras George, pro%ision dealer, Low Fell 
Barras John & Co. brewers, 204, High-st 
Barras John, brewer (J. Barras &Co.); 

ho. Farnaci'es 
Ban-as John D. painter. Low Fell 
Barrass John Dixon, painter, Low Fell 
Bai-rass Samuel, firebrick manufacturer; ho. 

4, St. Edmund's-place 
Barrett Joseph, tobacconist, 6, Bridge-st j 

ho. Trafalgar-street, Newcastle -'^^^ 



aATESSEAD AND DISTRICT DIRECTORY. 



893 



BattecsbyWin. joiner & grocer, Whickh am 
Battersby Wm. vict. Hope and Anchor Inn, 

Windy-nook 
Baty Isabella, beer retailer, "Wbickham 
Beaumont W. B. lead wharf, Blaydon 
Bell Catherine, vict. Magpie Inn, Teams 
Bell Edward, smith, 16, High-street; ho. 

West-street 
Bell Edward, proNdsion dealer, Wrekenton, 
Bell George, provision dealer. Friar's Goose 
Bell George, nail manufacturer, Winlaton 
Bell Jacob, pro\dsion dealer, Mulgrave-ter ; 

ho. Windmill-hills 
Bell Jas. beerhouse, Sunderland Eoad-end 
Bell James, provision dealer, Whickham 
Bell John, beer retailer, corner of Cross-st 
Bell John, beerhouse, Mount-pleasent 
Bell John, vict. Hawk's Arms Inn, East-st 
Bell John, land surveyor, High-street 
Bell John, pig jobber. Sheriff Hill 
Bell Joseph, chemist, 21, Bottle-bank; ho. 

Railway-street, Newcastle 
Bell Miss Margaret, 24, Eavensworth-ter 
Bell Mrs. Low Fell 

Bell Eobt. vict. Cross Keys Inn, 35, Bridge- 
street 
Bell Thomas, land surveyor. Low Fell 
Bell Thomas, beerhouse, Hillgate 
Belt Robert, brewer and farmer, Winlaton 
Beit and Whitfield, prov. dealers, Winlaton 
Belton Mr. commercial traveller, Eegent-st 
Benden John, ^^ct. Coach and Horses Inn, 

Winlaton 
Bennett Mrs. Ann, Eomulus-terrace 
Bennett EHza, teacher, Romulus-terrace 
Bennett Francis, surgeon, 180, High-street 
Bennett Richard, agent. Teams 
Bennett Rev. William, chaplain of King 
James's Hospital, and master of Anchor- 
age school ; ho. Brunswick-street 
Bewick Miss Jane, 8, West-street 
Bilton Mr. commercial traveller, Regent-st 
Binns John, provision dealer, High Felling 
Birkenshaw William, agent. Windmill-hills 
Birkett Eleanor, vict. Black Bull Inn, 

Blaydon 
Birleson Wm. foreman at Abbott's, Crescent 
Birtley John, builder, 9, William-street 
Black Mary, provision dealer. Bill Quay 
Blagburn John, butcher and watchmaker, 

196, High-street ; ho. Cross-street 
Blair John, tailor. Nelson-street 
Blakey John, bootmaker, IS, Bottle-bank, 

and Newcastle 
Blaukley Jos. bootmaker, 1-1, Brunswick-ter 
Blech H. F. "gentleman, 4, Bloomfield-ter 
Bleukinsop Eobt. staithman, Felling Shore 

SaS 



Blenkinsop John, grocer, 12, Bridge- street ; 

ho. Dunston 
Boggon Isabella, vict. Moulder's Arms Inn, 

Low Fell 
Bone Jameson, hosier, 223, High-street; 

ho. West Clayton-street, Newcastle 
Boiston John, stone merchant, Heworth 
Bolam Charles, joiner and builder, East- 
street ; ho. Victoria-street 
Boriies Christian, broker, 7, Walker-terrace 
Bourn Miss Ann, 5, Hardwicke-terrace 
Bourn Geo. and Co. chain and nail manu- 
facturers, Winlaton 
Bourn Thos. chain, &c. manuftr. (G. Bourn 

& Co.); ho. Newcastle 
Bourn William, innkeeper, Whickham 
Boutland William, ship builder. Bill Quay 
Bowdon John, nail maker, 30, Bottle Bank ; 

ho. Bankwell-stairs 
Bowes John & Co. Norwood colliery owners, 

Teams 
Bowlt Elizabeth, vict. William IV. Inn, 

231, High street 
Bowlt Joseph, joiner, 2, Melbourne-street 
Bowlt Wm. cabinet maker; ho. 17,Ellison-st 
Bowman Thomas, builder and slate mer- 
chant, 58, High-street ; ho. Regent-street 
Bowron George, mason. Low Fell 
Boyd Henry Patterson, nail and chain 

manufacturer, Winlaton 
Boyd George, currier, &c. 12, West-street 
Boyd John, butcher, Blaydon 
Braban Thomas, farmer, Eighton 
Brack Geo. manager; ho. Finney's-nursery 
Brady Henry, surgeon, 203, High-street 
Bramwell John, tobacconist, 218, High-st 
Bramwell Thomas, farmer, Heworth 
Bramwell Thomas and Co. chemical manu- 
facturers, Heworth Shore 
Bramwell Thomas, manufacturing chemist 
(T. BramAvell & Co.) ; ho. Enfield-house 
Brankston Archibald, vict. Mulberry Tree 

Inn, Low Felling 
Brecknell William Henry, auctioneer and 
provision dealer, 3, Pipewell-gate ; ho. 12, 
ElHson-street 
Brett John Frederick, tailor and draper, 22, 

Church-street 
Brice WilUam, R.N. Fife-street 
Brice Wm. S. draper's assistant, Cobden-st 
Bridon Wilham, vict. Beehive Inn, Low Fell 
Bridge Thomas, vict. Fox and Lamb Inn, 

Pipewell-gate 
Briggs George, solicitor. Ocean-terrace 
Briggs Mrs. Margaret, 4, Jackson-street 
Briusley James, china dealer, Half Moon- 
laue ; ho. Fortk-street, Newcastle 



304 



GATESHEAD AND DISTKICT DIEECTOEt. 



Brighton Jas. nail maker, 30, Bottle-bank; 

ho. Swan-street 
Brinton Charles, vict. Gateshead Arms Inn, 

Low Fell 
Brinton George (and stabling), vict. Blach 

Bull Inn, 8, High-street 
Brockett Wm. Henry, clerk, Catherine-ter 
Brooks John, furniture broker, 168,High-st 
Brown Mrs. Ann, Brunswick-street 
Brov/n Elizabeth, milliner, 16, Church-st 
Brown FrancisSanclerson,surgeon,Winlaton 
Brown Henry, cooper, &c. 200, High-street 
Brown Henry, railway station master. Low 

Felling 
Brown James, agent, Brunswick-street 
Brown Jno. bootmaker & grocer, Wrekenton 
Brown John, butcher, 190, High-street; ho. 

8, Lambton terrace 
Brown John, glass mould maker, 131, High- 
street 
Brown John, bootmaker, 15, Charles-street 
Brown John, tailor, Winlaton 
Brown Josiah, cartwright & smith, Brand- 
ling-street ; ho. Oakwell-gate 
Brown Philip, M.D. Blaydon. 
Brown Kobert, prov. dealer, Rabbit-banks 
Brown Robert and Selby, sandmill, 23, 

Jackson-street 
Brown Robert Skinner, butcher, 1, Church- 
street; ho. Garden court 
Brown Sarah, confectioner, 3, High-street 
Brown Thomas, blacksmith, High Felling 
Brown Thos. cabinet makei", 8, Grosvenor-st 
Brown Rev. "VYilliam., B.A. Blaydon 
Brown Yv^illiam, iron and brass founder (J. 

Abbott and Co.) ; ho. 4, Walker-terrace 
Brown William, stone merchant (Tate and 

Brown) ; ho. Heworth 
Brownless William, boot and shoemaker, 

Oakwell-gate 
Bruce Edward, builder. Ship-yard; ho. 10, 

Mulgrave-terrace 
Bruce Edward, butcher, Swalwell 
Bryson Thomas, iDrovision dealer, Liddell- 

terrace 
Buggon Isabella; vict. Moulders' Arms Inn, 

Low Fell 
Bulcraig Thos. engine builder and smith, 

Hillgate ; ho. 19, Claremont-place 
Bullock Henry, smith, Old Toll-bar; ho. 

Fenwick-terrace 
Bulmer Charles, Esq. Saltwell Hall 
Burden Josiah, naptha dlr. 32, Church-st 
Burn Joseph M. teacher, National School, 

Winlaton 
Burn Mary, provision dealer, Blaydon 
Burn Richard, agent, Bloomfield -terrace 



Burn Ralph, cabinet maker (Hedley and 

Burn) ; ho. George-street, Newcastle 
Burn Thomas, marine store dealer, Pip.e- 

well-gate ; ho. Hillgate 
Burn William, miller, Blay don-burn 
Burnet Edwin W. butcher, Hebburn 
Burnett Miss Ellen, Dunston 
Burnett Jacob, manufacturing chemist (T. 
Burnett & Sons) ; ho. East-parade, New- 
castle 
Burnett John, manufacturing chemist (T. 

Burnett and Sons) ; ho. Dunston 
Burnett Jonathan, manufacturing chemist 
(T. Burnett and Sons) ; ho, Ryehill, 
Newcastle 
Bui-nett Joseph, tailor, Bensham 
Burnett Thomas and Sons, chemical manu- 
facturers, Bill Quay, and at Dunston; 
office, Side, Newcastle 
Burnett Thomas, manufacturing chemist 
(T. Burnett & Sons) ; ho. Elswick-deaa, 
Villa, Newcastle 
Bmney Mrs. Ann, 7, Ravensworth-terrace 
Burney Charles, jun. agent, Burney's-villas 
BurneyChas.sen.gentleman,Burney's-vi]las 
Burnup John and WiUiam, tile and brick 
manufacturers. Teams ; and at Clayton- 
street, Newcastle 
Bushnell John, gentleman. Low Fell 
Buston Mary Ann, china dealer, 1, High-st 
Butler John, dealer in sundries, 89, High-st 
Butt Rev. Jno. Henry, incumbent, Heworth 

CAIL Richard, farmer, Claxton, LowLelling, 

and builder at Newcastle ; ho. Durham 
Cail Septimus, optician, Claremont-place 
Cairns Isabella, prov. dealer, Pipewell-gate 
Caley Wm. copperas manufacturer, Felling 

Shore ; ho. Catherine-terrace 
Calloway Barbara, vict. Carlisle (& Brandling 

Junction Hotel, Redheugh 
Callov;ay John, smith, Redheugh 
Cameron John, clerk, Oakwell-gate 
Cameron Moses, 30, Melbourne-street 
Campbell Robert, shopkeeper, Pipewell-gate 
Campbell Wm, prov. dlr. Mulgrave-terrace 
Candlish James, beerhouse, Mulgrave-ter 
Cargey Wm. dealer in sunds. Heworth-laue 
Carlisle Jane, provision dealer, 68, High-st 
Carlisle James Miher, Tyne Steam-mill; 

ho. 3, King William-street 
Carney Robert, vict. Red Lion Inn, Salt 

Meadows 
Carr Cuthbert, H. M. Customs, Carr-villa, 

Parr's Hill 
Carr George, coke trimmer, Burney's-villas 
Carr Rev. Hy. Byne, M.A. rector, Whickham 



GATESHEAD AND DISTEICT DIEECTORY. 



395 



Can- John Eoddam, L. L. D. Carr-villa, 

Carr's Hill 
Carr Joseph, clerk, 5, St. Edmund's -place 
Carr Thomas, ^ict. Flying Horse Inn, Oak- 
well-gate 
Carr Wm. Cochrane, fire brick and retort 

manufacturer, Blaydon 
Carrick Barbara, dealer in sunds. William-st 
Carrick Peter, beerhouse, Eabbit-banks 
Carrott David, ^-ict. Ship Inn, 73, High-st 
Cass Audus, stenciller, 199, High-street 
Casson Ann, provision dealer. Felling Shore 
Chambers Jas. bookseller, 52, High-street, 

and at New Market, Newcastle 
Chambers Eobert, nail manufacturer, Win- 

laton 
Clapham Anthony, manufacturing chemist; 

ho. Greenwich 
Chapman John, provision dealer, Heworth 
Chapman John, staithman, Pelaw Main 
Chapman Ptobert Piobson, provision dealer, 

Oakvrell-gate 
Charlton Edward, attorney, 17,Melbourne-st 
Charlton Edward, master mariner, 33, ElU- 

son-street 
Charlton John, butcher, Blaydon 
Clendinning Ehzabeth, prov. dlr. Blaydon 
Chicken Thomas, mast and block maker, 

Hillgate and Quay; ho. Grosvenor-street 
Churnsido John, joiner and cabinet maker, 

HighFelhng 
Circle Thomas, provision dealer, Hillgate 
Clark Elizabeth, prov. dealer, Cannon-st 
Clark Frederick, draper, 16, Bridge- street; 

ho. 4, John's-place 
Clark George, carrier. West-street 
Clark John, chimney sweeper, 80, Church-st 
Clark John, gentleman, Bensham-terrace 
Clark John, joiner and cartvvright. Low Fell 
Clark John, vict. Royal Oah Inn, Oakwell- 

gate 
Clark Eobert, farmer, Redheugh; ho. Craw- 
crook 
Clark Eobert, provision dealer, Swalweli 
Clark Wm. agent, 12, Woodbina-terrace 
Clark William, gentleman, High Felling 
Clarke Wm.coal merchantjHali Moon-lane ; 

ho. 1, Elysium-place 
Clarke Wm, agent, l,Elysinm-place 
Clarkson James, bootmaker, Woodbine-ter ; 

ho. Union-lane 
Clayton Wm. agent, 3, Sedgewick-place 
C!lellend Jane, provision dlr. Felling-Shore 
Clement Eobert, druggist. Low Fell 
Clementson George, smith, Hillgate 
Clementson Joseph, gentleman, Whickham 
Clemison John, provision dealer, Dunston 



Clephan James, editor and proprietor of 

" Gateshead Observer," 6, Catherine-ter 

Clephan Joseph, manager, 6, Catherine-ter 

Clifford Jane, teacher, Gateshead National 

School, 40, Ellison-street 
Clifford Wm. teacher of Gateshead National 

School, 40, Ellison-street 
Cockburn Thomas, vict. High-level Bridge 

Inn, Half-Moon- lane 
Codling James, provision dealer and hosier, 

Eichardsou's-place 
Colhoun Hugh, smith, 34, Bottle-bank 
Colhng Miss Jane, 16,Molendine-terrace 
Collins Fredrick, surgeon. Low Felling 
Collins Isabella & Mary, farmers, Monkton 
Collins John, staithman, Pelaw Main 
Colman John, chemist, 7, Bridge-street ; ho. 

2, Vv'^aterloo-terrrce 
Commons Thomas Henzell, hairdresser, 

187, High-street 
Colquhoun Wm. grocer,12,Eavensworth-ter 
Conolly John, vict. Cross Keys Inn, Pipe- 
well- gate 
Cook, Brothers, chemical manufacturers. 

Bill Quay 

Cook Isaac B. manufacturing chemist( Cook, 

Brothers) ; ho. St.Anthony's West House 

Cook Jas. Masons Arms' Inn, 2, Jackson-st 

Cook John, manufacturing chemist, (Cook, 

Brothers) ; ho. Walker's-gate 
Cook Mrs. Mary Ann, Low Felling 
CookWilliam,manufacturingchemist,(Cook, 
Brothers) ; ho. St.Anthony's West House 
Cook John, civil engineer, Whickham 
Cook Eobert, beer retailer, Quarry-field 
Cook Wm. \ict Blue Bell Inn, 29, Bridge-st 
Cook Wm. teacher. Low Fell 
Cooke Eichard, librarian. Mechanics' Insti- 
tution, West-street 
Cooke Eev. Eobt. (Wesley an) 16, Ellison st 
Cookson, Cuthbert, & Co. colour manufac- 
turers. New Chatham 
Cooper William, ferryman, Eedheugh-ferry 
Copland Peter, provision dlr. IMulgrave-ter 
Coulson Ann, milliner and dressmaker, 2, 

King William-street 
Coulson Foster, butcher, 24, Bottle-bank 
Coulson Geo. clerk, Felhng Lodge, High 

Felhng 
Coulson George, gardener, Cramer-dykes 
Coulson Eobt. vict. Mary Queen of Scots Inn, 

Stewart's -place 
Coulson William, pawnbroker, 15, East-st 
Coultbaixl Ann, teaelier, High Felhng 
Coulthard Geo. engineer, Nelson-street 
Coulthard Mrs. Ann, 16, West-street 
Coulthard Mrs. Elizabeth, Villa-place 



396 



GATESHEAD AND DISTKICT DIRECTORY, 



Coulson Ealpb, engine builder, Quarry 

Field Iron Works, ho. Peareth -place 
Coulson Robt. engine bldr. ho. 2, Nelson-st 
Coansellor Richard, M.D. and surgeon, 

Dempster Villa, Low Felling 
Coward Wm. smith, High Felling 
Coward Wm. vict. Duke of Cumberland Inn, 

High He worth 
Coweu Miss Ann, Winlaton 
Cowen John, nail & chain ranfr. Winlaton 
Cowen Joseph & Go. fire brick & patent clay 

retort manfrs. Blaydon-burn 
Cowen Joseph, fire brick mnfr. (J. Cowen 

& Co.); ho. Blaydon-burn House 
Cowens John Jas. clerk. Bank of England; 

ho. 8, Catherine-terrace 
Cox George Richard, cashier at Hawks and 

Crawshays, 4, High West-street 
Coxon Isaac, butcher, Cromwell-street; 

ho. Felling 
Cranston Martin, teacher, Hebburn 
Crawford Charles, bnilder and prov. dealer, 

the Crescent 
Crawford Geo. provision dlr. High Felling 
Crawford John, commisn. agent, Jackson-st 
Crawshay Edmund, iron manufr. (Hawks 

Crawshay & Sons); ho. Bensham 
Crawshay Geo. iron manfr. (Hawks Craw- 
shay & Sons); ho. Tynemouth 
Crawshay Geo. sen. iron manufrs. (Hawks 

Crawshay & Sons); ho. London 
Crimson John, butcher, 41, High-street; 

ho. 23, Grosvenor-street 
Cropton Wm. smith, Bill Quay 
Crosbie John, bootmaker, High Felling 
Croudace Jas. provision dlr. Windy Nook 
Crow Francis Jas. alkali manufi-. (Gray & 

Crow); ho. Usworth Hall 
Crow James S. tailor & draper, 4, Hill-st; 

ho. 1, Hutt-street 
Crow John, bootmaker, 19, Church-street 
Crow Ralph, smith, Brandling-street ; ho. 

Oakwell-gate 
Crow Wm. provision dealer, 1, Hutt-street; 

and printer. Side, Newcastle 
Crowley Richard, tailor, 44, High-street 
Cruddace Geo. dlr. in sundries, Ellison-st 
Cummins Thomas, painter, High Level-st; 

bo. 8, SedgeAvick-place 
Cummings Richd. butcher, 32, High-street; 

ho. 9, Brunswick- terrace 
Cunningham William, provision dealer. 

Chapel-street 
Curry John, comcial. trav. 22, Melbourne-st 
Cushworth Mary Jane, straw -bonnet-maker, 

7, Garden-court, High-street 
Cuhtbertson Edwd.yict.TFa^^o?! In?i,Teams 



D AFTER Wm. manager, Bill Quay 
Daglish Jas. dlr. in sundries, Easton-place 
Daghsh John, agent, Blaydon 
Daglish Isabella, provision dealer, 78, Higli- 

street ; ho, Ship -yard 
Dale Charles, register office for servants, 

28, Ellison-street 
Dales Reuben, audit clerk to the Y. N. and 

B. Railway, Heworth 
Dalkin Margt. prov. dlr. 26, Church-street, 
and hosier. Bottle-bank ; bo.31,E^Uson-st 
Dalton John Palmer, postmaster, & station- 
master, Blaydon 
Daniels Daniel, gentleman, Low Fell 
Davidson Elizabeth, prov. dlr. 3, Church-st 
Davidson Hannah, provision dlr. Low Fell 
Davidson John, flour mills, C hurch- street ; 

ho. 8, Walker terrace 
Davidson Mary, farmer, PelawMain 
Davidson Matthew, vict. Lord Collingwood 

Inn, Low Felling 
Davidson Peter, mangr. Commercial Bank ; 

ho. 12, Catherine-terrace 
Davidson Robert, Mount-pleasant 
Davidson Saml. vict. Bottle House Tavern, 

Bill Quay 
Davie Joseph, whiting manfr. Pipewell-gate; 

ho. 11, West-street 
Davies Rev. John, D.D. rector of Gateshead, 

rectory, Bensham 
Davis Robert, surgeon, Wrekenton 
Davis Wm. provision dealer, Friar's Goose 
Davison George, butcher, Low Fell 
Davison George, gentleman, 4, Hall-terrace 
Davison Isabella, lodgings, 14, Ravens- 

worth-teiTace 
Davison John, provision dlr. Low Bensham 
Dawson Ann, milliner, Wrekenton 
Dawson Jane, provision dealer, and post- 
mistress, Sheriff Hill 
Dawson John, provision dealer, Trinity-st 
Dawson John, teacher, Wrekenton 
Dawson William, butcher. Low Felling 
Deans James, provision dealer. High-street 
Debenham Alfred, grocer, 4, Bridge-street; 

ho. Airey-terrace, Bensham 
Denham John, provision dlr. Low Felling 
Dexter Jesse, tailor, 140, High-street; ho. 

Mount-pleasant 
Dickson Alex, hair-dresser, 2, Church-st 
Dickson Henry, hair-dresser, 28^, High-st 
Dickinson Francis, com. trav. Hall-terrace 
Dingwall Wm. confectioner, 27, Bottle-bank 
Dinning S. C. agent, Winlaton, and agent 
for the Sovereign, life, insurance compy. 
Dinning Geo. Moulders' Arms Inn, Oak- 
well-gate 



GATESHEAD AND DISTRICT DIRECTORY. 



397 



Dixon Chas. draper, Bottle-bank ; ho. 13, 

West-street 
Dixon Charles S. yict. Eose and Crown Inn, 

Winlaton 
Dixon George Seymour, M.D. surgery, 14, 

West-street 
Dixon George, ropemaker, Teams 
Dixon Mrs. Joyce, 7, St. Ednmnd's-place 
Dixon Robt, vict. Lamb Inn, Bill Quay 
Dixon Thos. Croicn and Thistle Inn, 

Windy Nook 
Dobinson Joseph, painter, vict. Old Cannon 

Inn, Sheriif Hill 
Dobinson "Wm. tailor & draper, Wrekenton 
Dobson John, vict. Barge Inn, Hillgate 
Dobson John, stonemason, Bensham-bank 
Dobson John, boatbuilder, (Dobson and 

Thompson); ho. Hillgate 
Dobson Eobt. butcher, 27, Bridge-street; 

ho. Q, Swinburne-place 
Dobson& Thompson, boatbuilders,South-sh 
Dodd Nicholas, shoemaker, Winlaton 
Dodd Mrs. Ehzabeth, 6, Bloomfield -terrace 
Dodd Thos. corn merchant, Claremont-ipl 
Dodds George, provision dealer, Monkton 
Douglas Edward, provi. dealer, Pollock-st 
Douglas Francis, provision dealer, Blaydon 
Douglas John, nail-maker, Church-walk 
Douglas Margt. vict. Borough Arms' Inn, 

Wmdmill-hills 
Douglas Wm. horse dealer, 38, High-street 
Douglas William printer, High-street ; ho. 

Millfield -terrace 
Douglas Wm. postmaster. Half Moon-lane 
Douglass John, agent, Hult-ten'ace 
Douglass John, gentleman, SheriffHill 
Douglass Joseph, agent, Blaydon 
Douglass Mary, innkeeper, Blaydon 
Drummond Christopher, dealer in sundries, 

24, Charles-street 
Drummond Joseph, stone merchant, & vict. 

Beeswing Inn, High Felling 
Dufiy Wm. schoolmaster, Hillgate 
Dunn Charles, wharfinger, John's-place 
Dunn George, engraver, Romulus-terrace 
Dunn Henry, grocer, 26, Bottle-bank; ho. 

9, Bloomtield-terrace 
Dunn John, land agent. Low Fell 
Dunn Martin, jun. builder, Church-walk ; 

ho. Bloomfield-terrace 
Dunn Michael, farmer, Wrekenton 
Durham Ann Margt. provi. dh. Whickham 

EADIE James, secretary to Mechanics* 

Institute, Blaydon 
Earle John, provision dealer, 38, Church-st 
Easton Gideon, provision dlr. Cromwell-st 



Easton James, colliery owner (T. Easton 

& Co.); ho. West House, Heworth 
Easton Thomas & Co. colliery owners, Heb- 

burn and Oakwell-gate 
Easton Thomas, colliery owner (J. Easton 

& Co.); ho. West House, Heworth 
Eden John, vict. William IV. Inn, 130, 

High-street 
Edgar John, fruiterer, 209, High-street 
Edington Miss Elizabeth, Stella 
Edward John, grocer & tailor, Sheriff Hill 
Edwards Mary, provision dealer, Heworth 
Eiston William, butcher, Blaydon 
Ekless Robt. timber merchant, Bill Quay 
Elhott Alexander & Co. glass manufactu- 
rers, Carr's Hill 
Elliott Alexander, glass manufr. (A. Elliott 

& Co.); ho. Carr's Hill 
Elhott Edward, stonemason & eating-house, 

Low Felling 
Elhott George, plumber and brassfounder, 
10, High-st; ho.2, Forth-banks, Newcstle 
Elliott John, vict. Neptune Tavern, Salt 

Meadows 
Elliott Joseph, hbrarian to the Mechanics* 

Institute, Blaydon 
Elliott Robert, dairyman. Sheriff Hill 
Elliott Thos. provision dealer, Swalwell 
Elliott Wm. shoemaker. Low Felling 
Elsdon John, pipe manufacturer, Pipewell- 

gate ; ho. Windmill-hills 
Elsdon Michael, pipe manufacturer, 6, Pipe- 
well-gate 
Emmerson Geo. spade and shovel handle 

manufacturer and malster, Dunston 
Emmerson J. vict. Anchor Inn, Felling Shr 
Enghsh Ehzb. butcher, Salt-meadows 
English John, beerhouse, Mulgrave-terrace 
Errington Roger, miller, Swalwell 
Evans Joseph, beerhouse, Winlaton 

FADDY John, iron and brassfounder, 

Heworth Shore 
Failes John, messenger to the Bankruptcy 

Court, Low Bensham 
Fairbairn Wm. A. agent, 3, Woodbine-ter 
Fairclough James, bootmaker, Grosvenor-st 
Fairless J. coalmercht. 4, Ravensworth-ter 
Fairs Joseph, butcher, 185, High-street 
Fairweather Jno. R.N. 134, Pleasant-row 
Farbridge Mr. George, Wi'ekenton 
Favell John M. coroner for northern di^i- 

sion of Durham, Eighton Cottage, 

Wrekenton 
Fawcett John, chemist, 214, High-street; 

house, Catherine-terrace 
Fawcitt John,gro,(fe spirit mrchnt. Winlaton 



a9s. 



GATESHEAD 



:d distpjct dieectort. 



Fawdon Elizabetli £: Sons, whiting manu- 
facturers, Q2, Pipewell-gate 
Fawdon Elizab. whiting mnfr. CE. Fawdon 
' & Sons); ho. 62, Pipewell-gate 
Fawdon Geo. whiting mnfr. (E. Fawdon & 

Sons); ho. 62, PipeweU-gate 
Fawdon Eobt. whiting mnfr. CE. Fawdon 
■ & Sons); ho. 62, PipeweU-gate 
Fawdon Wm. file manufactm-er, 62. Pipe- 
well-gate ; ho. Charles-street 
Feargrieve Henry, tailor, 5, Bridge-street 
Fearnlev Sam. smith, High-st; ho. Crescent 
Fedden Geo. Henry, agent, Windmill-hills | 
Feltoe John Francis, supervisor of inland \ 

revenue, 3, Ardwick-terrace 
Fenwick Barbara, prov. dealer, Winlaton 
Fen-Rdck John, railway-carriage maker (Y. 

N. & B. E.), 3, Fife-sti-eet 
Fenwick Joseph, clerk in Newcastle Post- 
office, 12. Claremont -terrace 
Fenwick Jos. m. mariner, 2, Mulgrave-ter 
Fenwick Jos. teachei', Academy, 12, Bioom- 

field-ten-ace 
Fenwick Mary Ann, pipemaker, Oakwell- 

gate-chai-e; ho. 4, Fenwick-terrace 
Fenwick Tlios. prov. dealer, Stewart's pi 
Fenwick William, shipowner, Hebbum Qy 
Ferguson Andrew, 3I.D. and sm-geon, 3, 

Pdchardson's-place 
Ferguson David, market gardener, JLow 

Ben sham 
Ferguson Geo. thairn mnfr. Eabbit-banks 
FeiTy Z\Irs. Susan, seminary. Union-row 
Feny WiUiam, parish-clerk of Gateshead, 

20, Jackson-street 
Finlay Eobert, clerk in Lambton's bank ; 

ho. 17, Claremont-place 
Finney Saml. & Co. nursen-men, High-st 
Firbank John, saddler. High Level-street ; 

ho. 4, Woodbine-terrace 
Fittes Edwd. cabinet maker, Heworth-lane 
Fittes Eobert Sc Co. grocers, 10, High-sti'eet 

and Groat Market, Newcastle 
Fittes John, grocer (E. Fittes & Co.); ho. 

Elswick-ten-ace, Newcastle 
Fittes Eobert, grocer (E. Fittes & Co.); ho. 

Seymour-terrace 
Fleck Jas. J. provision dealer, William-st 
Fletcher Edw. super, of locomotives on Y. 

N. & B. railway ; ho. Greensfield-house 
Fletcher Mary & Sarah, milliners, 9, Swin- 
burne-place 
Foreman George, \ict. New Inn. Swalwell 
Foreman Eobt. superint. registrar of Gates- 
head Union; ho. 4, Woodbine-place 
Forrest Wm. agent to North of England 
Bank, Cromwell-street 



Forrest William, civil engineer, Winlaton 
Forster Anthony, vict, Nag's Head Inn, 

SwalweU 
Forster ]Miss Ann, High-street 
Forster Ann, lodgings, Y\ hickham 
Forster Christopher G. vict. Atlas Inn, 

High-street 
Forster Guthbert, vict. Ship Inn, Felling 

Shore 
Forster Ehzab. provision dealer,'\Miickhara 
Forster Ehzab. provision dealer, Winlaton 
Forster Edward, vict. Sun Inn, Swalwell 
Forster Geo, prov. dlr. 1, Colhng^ood-ter 
Forster Mrs. Hannah, 10, Eavensworth-ter 
Forster James S. land surveyor, High-st; 

ho. Y>'hite House 
Forster Jas. dealer in sundries, Jackson-st 
Forster John, agent, Yrinlaton 
Forster John, provision dealer. Bill Quay 
Forster John, provision dh\ 1, Mulgrave-ter 
Forster John, provision dealer, Low Fell 
Forster John, provision dlr. Felling Shore 
Forster Joseph, provision dealer, Winlaton 
Forster 3Iatthew, miller, Blaydon-biUTi 
Forster Ealph, baker, Swalwell 
Forster Stej)hen, anchor and chain maker, 

Eedheugh ; ho. WindmiU-hiUs 
Forster Thos. vict. Three Tuns, Swalwell 
Forsyth Barbai'a, rict. Black Bull Inn, 

Heworth-lane 
Freeman Jas. toll collector. Windmill-hills 
Freeman Ealph, flour dealer, Windmill-hls 
Freeman T. ironmonger, 17, Woodbine-ter 
French John, agent, the Crescent 
French John, beerhouse. High-street 
French Margaret, vict. BucJi Inn, Low Fell 
French Mary, lodgings, 29, Melbomne-st 
French Wm. grocer and draper, Biaydon 
Ftilthorp George, manager. Teams 
Fulthorp John, vict. Blacksmiths' Arms Inn, 

Dunston 

GADDES Jno. bootmaker, 5, Bottle-bank; 

ho. 11, Yictoria -street 
Gaddy David, shipblder. (Gaddy & Lamb); 

ho. Claremont-place 
Gaddy & Lamb, shipbuilders, Tyne Main 
Gallon Thomas & Co. paper manufacturers, 

Felhng Shore 
Gallon Thomas (T. Gallon & Co.); ho. 

HoUyhill House, High Felling 
Garbutt C. & Son, chemists, and wine and 

spirit merchants, and proprietor of the 

Lunatic Asylum, Dunston, 22 and 23, 

Bridge-sti-eet 
Gai'butt Comehu3,senr. chemist (C. Garbutt 

& Son); ho. Cramer- dykes 



GATESHEAD AND DISTEICT DIEECTORY. 



399 



Garbutt Cornelius Durham, chemist (C. 

G-arbutt & Son); ho. Cramer-dykes 
Gardener Edwd. Aict. Sun Inn, Low Fell 
Gardener Michael, blacksmith, Winlaton 
Gardener Thomas prov. dealer. Low Fell 
Gai'dner Joseph, Yict. Queen's Head Inn, 

Swalwell 
Garlick Eichard, cheesemonger, 3, Bridge- 
street; ho. Catheiine-terrace 
Gai'vey Felix, beerhouse, Pipewell-gate 
Gatis Wm. vict. Hawk Inn, 31, Bottie-bank 
Gaudes James, provision dir. Windy Nook 
Gelderd George Carlton, vict. New Cannon 

Inn, Low Fell 
Gelley Joseph &: Co. anchor manfrs. and 

forgemen. Felling Shore 
Gelley Mary, anchor, &c. manufacturer (J. 

Gelley and Co.) ; ho. Hewortli Shore 
Gelly Rowland, agent. Felling Shore 
Gibbon Mrs. Maria, Windmill-hills 
Gibbon Wm. miller, St. Cuthbert's-place 
Gibbons Wm. clerk ; ho. 22, Grosvenor-st 
Gibbs John, bootmaker, Lov/ Fell 
Gibson Eleanor, vict. Ship Inn, Bill Quay 
Gibson Emerson, agent, 27, Melbourne- 
street 
Gibson Geo. surgeon to Birtley Iron Yv^orks; 

ho. Birtley-villa, near Gateshead 
Gibson John, farmer, Swalwell 
Gibson Joseph, prov. dealer, 171, High-st 
Gibson Matthew, agent, Winlaton 
Gibson Thos. butcher, 33, High-street 
Giihespie Henry, vict. Eising Sun Inn, 

Hillgate 
Gilhespy Ealph, oyster dlr. Pipewell-gate 
Gilhespy Eobert, tailor, Winlaton 
Gill George, surgeon, Winlaton 
Gill Eobert, brazier, 1 6, High-street, and 

North'Shore, Newcastle 
Gillender Eobt. prov. dealer, Oakwell-gate 
Gillender Thomas, beerhouse, Hillgate 
Gillender William, forge works, Swalwell ; 

ho. Wickham 
Givens Joseph, nailmaker, Winlaton 
Glaholm Edward, prov. dealer, 13, Church- 
street and Pudding-chare, Newcastle 
Glaholm Mrs. Eliza, 14, Mulgrave-terrace 
Glenton Frederick, proprietor of Lunatic 
Asylum, Bensham ; ho. 13, Mulgrave-ter 
Glenton Mrs. ftlary, Bensham 
Glenton Paul, surgeon, Bensham Lunatic 

Asylum ; ho. 13, Mulgrave-terrace 
Golightly John, 3, Grosvenor-street 
Goodall Alfred, cashier. Branch Bank of 

England ; ho. Woodbine-cottage 
Goodfellow John, vict, Albion Imi, 177, 
High-street 



Goodfellow Josepli P. grocer & provision 

dealer, Winlaton 
Gordon James, manager, 13, Summerhill- 

terrace 
Gordon. M ary, butcher, Low Fell 
Gordon William, pawnbroker and provision 

dealer, Oakwell-gate 
Goulstone Eev. Fabian Corry, curate of 

Gateshead; ho, 2, Union-row 
Gowland Harriet, vict. Ship I;i?i,Wrekenton 
Gowland Jno, proprietor of Lunatic Asylum, 

Wrekenton 
Gov.'laud Mary, prov. dealer, Oakwell-gate 
Gowns Geo. beer retailer, Pleworth Shore 
Grace William, gentleman, Heworth 
Graham John, lampblack manufacturer, 

Heworth Shore 
Graham Thomas, 21, High-street 
Graham John, boot & shoemaker, Winlaton 
Graham Thomas, provision dlr. Blackwall 
Graha,m Eobert, bootmaker, High Felling 
Grant Alex, toll collector. Low Fell-road 
Gray Alexander George, alkali manufactu- 
rer (Gray & Crow); ho. High Jesmond- 

terrace, Newcastle 
Gray Eobert, shoemaker. Low Fell 
Gray Alexander George, junior, manager 

(Gray & Crow); ho. Teams 
Gray Benjamin, shipbroker. High Teams 
Gray & Crow, alkali mnfrs. Friars Goose; 

offices, Close, Newcastle 
Gray George, cabinet maker, Dunston 
Gray George, tailor. Sheriff Hill 
Gray John, vict. Frame Inn, Teams 
Gray Jno. vict. Union Tavern, Pipewell-gate 
Gray Joseph, agent, Y. N. and B. Ey.; ho. 

2, St. Cuthbert's-terrace 
Gray Eobert, gentleman, Whickham 
Gray Eobert, bottle manfr. Pipewell-gate ; 

ho. 21, Vine-row, Jackson street 
Gray Thomas, beerhouse. Sheriff Hill 
Gray Wm. vict. Anchor Inn, Dunston 
Gray Wm. vict. Beehi\ie Inn, Biaydon 
Greaves John, beer retailer, 21, High-st 
Greaves Walter, tailor, Bill Quay 
Greene Geo. tannei^. Half Moon-lane ; ho. 

Prospect Cottage, Windmill-hills 
Greene John and Sous, grocers, &c. 4, 5, and 

G, High-street 
Greene John, grocer (J. Greene and Sons); 

ho. Eodsley-house 
Greene Joshua, sen. grocer (J. Greene and 

Sons); ho. 4. High-street 
Greene Joshua, jun. grocer (J. Greene and 

Sons); ho. 7, Woodbine-place 
Greene Michael, grocer (J. Greene & Sons); 

ho. 23, West-street 



400 



GATESHEAD AND DISTRICT DIEECTORY. 



Greener Edward, farmer, Hedley 

Green well William Crozier, chemist, 185, 

High-street ; ho. Ellison-street 
Grey James, tailor, Elhson-square 
Grey James, tailor, Brunswick-street 
Grey John, cartwright. High-street 
Grieves John, beerhouse, 21, High street 
Grieves Walter, vict. Bottle House Inn, Bill 

Quay 
Grigg James, provision dealer, 12, Park-st 
Grundy John, joiner, Winlaton 
Guthrie Alexander, gentleman, 6, Fife-st 
Guthrie Ralph, bootmaker, 5, Cannon-st 

HAGGIE, Brothers, rope and chain manu- 
facturers, & timber merchants, South-sh 
Haggle David, rope manufacturer, &c. 
(Haggle, Brothers); ho. Claremont-house 
Haggle Peter, rope manufacturer, &c. 

(Haggle, Brothers); ho. West-street 
Haikney Margt. dressmaker, Blue Quarries 
Halbert John, cork cutter, Back-lane 
Hall Alice, dealer in sundries, Felling Shore 
Hall Ann, Windy Nook 
Hall Charles, marine store dealer, Low Fell 
Hall Edwd. chain manufacturer, and smith, 

B lay don 
Hall Edwd. and Anthony, farmers, Monkton 
Hall George, pawnbroker, 18, High-street 
Hall Isaac, nail maker, 30, Bottle-bank; ho. 

Old Turnpike-gate 
Hall John, ship owner, Low FeUing 
Hall John, provision dealer, South-shore 
Hall Jonathan, chain. &c. manufacturer 

(Pt. Hall and Co.); ho. Wolsingham 
Hall Robert and Co. chain and nail manu- 
facturers, Blaydon 
Hall Stephen, prov. dealer, Grahamsley-st 
Hall Mrs. provision dealer, Sun-street 
Hall Susannah, register office for male and 

female servants, 25, Melbourne-street 
Hall Miss Theodosia, 15, Clarem.ont-place 
Hall Thomas, butcher, 34, High-street 
Hall Thomas-, gentleman, Collingwood-ter 
Hall Thomas, gentleman, Whickham 
Hall Thomas, relieving officer, Winlaton 
Hall Thos. Jonas, chain, &c. manufacturer 

(R. Hall & Co.) ; ho. Blaydon 
Hall William, colliery under viewer, High 

Heworth 
Hall Wm. fishmonger, 188, High-street; 

ho. 37, Collingwood-street, Newcastle 
Hall Wm. schoolmaster. Windy Nook 
HallidayThos. commission agent,Nelson-st 
Hamilton Chas. hairdresser, 15, Church-st 
Hannington George & Co. firebrick manu- 
facturers, Swalwell 



Hannington George, firebrick manufacturer 
(G. Hannington & Co.) ; ho. Swalwell 
Bank 
Hannington Henry, firebrick manufacturer 

(G. Hannington & Co.) ; ho. Swalwell 
Hannington Joseph, firebrick manufacturer 

(G. Hannington & Co.) ; ho. Swalwell 
Hannington Wm. prov. dealer, Oakwell-gt 
Hanson Wm. wheelwright, Powell's-court ; 

ho. 191, High-street 
Harbottle John, tailor, Swalwell 
Hardy David, hairdresser, Half Moon-lane; 

ho. Mulgrave-terrace 
Hardy Margaret, grocer, &c. West-street ; 

ho. Young's- buildings 
Hardy Robert, tailor, Low Fell 
Hardy Thos. pipemaker, 28, Bottle-bank 
Harford George, sailcloth manufacturer 
(Milvaiu & Harford) ; ho. 10, Regent-ter 
Harle Wm. L. attorney. Crow Hall, Felling 
Harper I-iUke, joiner, Cramer-dykes 
Harper Wm. joiner, Cramer-dykes ; ho. 

Cross-house 
Harries John, draper, ] 8, Blelboume-street 
Harriman Wm. firebrick and sanitary pipe 
manufacturer, Blaydon, and grocer, Bell's 
close; depot, 1, Carlisle Old Station, 
Newcastle 
Harris Rev.Geo.( Unitarian) 2,Woodbine-pI 
HarrisThos.vict. VidcanTavern, Quarry-fild 
Harrison George, tailor, IMulgrave-terrace 
Harrison Henry, gentleman, l,KingWm.-st 
Harrison Henry,basketmaker(J.& H. Har- 
rison) ; ho. Ridley- villas 
Harrison Jane, farmer, Swalwell 
Harrison J.& H. basketmakers, 15, High-st 

and Dean-street, Newcastle 
Harrison John, builder, 28, Charles-street 
Harrison John, basketmaker, (J. &H. Har- 
rison) ; ho. 7, Melbourne-street 
Harrison John, prov. dealer, 71, High-st 
Harrison John, prov. and whiting dealer, 

Pipewell-gate 
Harrison Martha, draper (Osborne & Har- 
rison) ; ho. Windmill-hill 
Harrison Robert, inland revenue office, 

William-street 
Harrison Robert, tailor, 4, Church-street 
Han-ison Wm. butcher, 72, High-street 
Harvey WilHam, grocer and stationer, 178, 
High-street ; ho. l,Westgate Hill-terrace 
Newcastle 
Haswell John, clerk. High-street 
Haswell John, draftsman. Ocean-terrace 
Hawdon John Emmerson, engine builder 
& iron founder (W. G. Hawdon & Sons); 
ho. Blaydon 



GATESHEAD AKD DISTRICT DIEECTORY. 



401 



Hawdon Marv, heev retailer and dealer in 

sundries, lU, Victoria-street 
Hawdon "William George & Sons, engine 

builders and iron founders, Blaydon 
Hawdon W. G. jun. engine builder & iron 
founder (W. G. Hawdon & Sons) ; bo. 
Blaydon 
Hawks, Crawsbay, & Sons, iron manufac- 
turers, Soutb-sbore 
HaAvks Elizabeth, lodgings, Wbickbam 
Hawks George, iron manufacturer (Hawks, 

Crawsbay & Sons); bo. Piedbeugli 
HaMSta William, smitb, Wbickbam 
Hay Micbael, provision dlr. Higb Felling 
Hedley and Burn, cabinet mkrs, 10, Higb-st 
Hedley Edward H. agent, 26, Blelbourne-st 
Hedley George, butcber, 210, Higb-street 
Hedley George, gentleman, 6, Walker-ter 
Hedley Mrs. Jane, 18, Woodbine terrace 
Hedley Jobn, cabinet maker (Hedley and 

Burn); bo. 16, Higb-street 
Hedley Jobn, teacber, Windy Nook 
Hedley Josepb, printer, 23, and provision 

dealer, 62, Higb-street 
Hedley Micbael, draper's assistant, St. 

Cuthbert's-place 
Eledley Pvalpb, brazier, 10, Higb-street 
Hedley Eobert, bootmaker, 199, Higb-st 
Hedley Thos. vict. The Plough Inn, East-st 
Hedley WiUiam, saddler, 2-1, Bottle-bank; 

bo. 23, Churcb-street 
Hedley WiUiara, plumber, 4, Rottle-bank 
Hedley William S. butcber. Windy Nook 
Hedwortb Anthony, spade bandle manu- 
facturer, Dunston 
Henderson J. \ict.Oak Tree Inn, Wrekenton 
Henderson Bartholomew, engineer; bo. 

Salt-meadows, Soutb-sbore 
Henderson Thomas, butcber, 30, Bottle- 
bank; bo. Grosvcnor-street 
Henderson Charles Douglas, surgeon, 31, 

Melbourne street 
Henderson George, clerk at Abbot's, Higb- 
street 
Heppell G.ironfounder; ho.Mount-pleasant 
Heppell Josepb, tailor, Winlaton 
HeppellJosepbE.gentleman,LowBensbam 
Heppell Robert, ironfounder,Pipewell-gate ; 

bo. Mount-pleasant 
Heppell Wm. ironfounder; bo. Taylor-ter 
Herbert Piev. Samuel Asber, curate of 

Gateshead; bo. 6, Woodbine-place 
Heron George, foreman. Teams 
Heslop Margaret, milliner, 2, Easton -court 

High-street 
Hetherington Ebzabetb, lodgings, 38, Mel- 
bourne-street 

3b 



Hetherington Isaac, cheese factor, Higb-st 
Hetherington John, provision dealer, 4.9, 

High- street 
Hetherington Eobert, parish clerk, teacber 

of National School, and bookbinder, 

Sheriff Hill 
Hewison MaryAnn, prov, dlr. Pipewell-gate 
Hewitt James, furniture broker, 45, High-st 

ho. 189, High-street 
Hills & Davidson, prov. dealers, 1, Mul- 

grave -terrace 
B[ildretb John, flour dealer, Wrekenton 
Hildyard George, bootmaker, Heworth-lane 
Hillyard Benj. clerk, 16, Bloomiield-terrace 
Hillyard John, clerk, Nelson-street 
Hills Jane, lodgings, top of Walker-terrace, 

Windmill-bills 
Hind Mrs. Ann, Hewortb 
Hind Blakestone, spade manufacturer (J. 

and B. Hind) ; Holly-bill 
Hind Jas. & B. spade manufrs. Hewortb 
Hind James, spade manufacturer (J. & B. 

Hind) ; ho. Hewortb 
Hindmarch Jane, vict. Windmill Inn, 4, 

Charles-street 
Hindmarch Josepb, teacher, Wrekenton 
Hindmarch AVm. innkeeper, Pelaw Main 
Hird Henry, gentleman, Wbickbam 
Hobson Micbael, gentleman, Eussell-ter 
Hockin Bartholomew, foreman, 133, 

Pleasant-row 
Hodgson Joseph, provision dealer, and beer 

retailer, 11, Brunswick-terrace 
Hodgson Eicbard, Wellington grindstone 

manufacturer, Felling Shore and at Quay; 

bo. Low Fell 
Hodgson Thos. butcber & farmer, Swalwell. 
Hodgson William, butcher, 6, Bot'.le-bank ' 

ho. High West-street 
Hogarth Thos. clerk, 5, Waterloo-terrace 
Hogg John, provision dealer, High Felling 
Hogg Eobert, beer retailer, Blackwall 
Hogg Thos. vict. Edinhurgh Castle Inn, 

41, Bottle-bank 
Hogg Wm. teacber. High Felling 
Hoggett Elizabeth, furniture, broker, 169, 

Higb-street 
Flolmes Henry, vict. Beptford House Inn, 

Blackwall 
Holmes Wm. E. grocer's assistant, Cross-st 
PToneyman J. insm-ance agent. The Crescent 
Hood Anthony & Co. timber merchants, 

Blackwall; office, Broad-chare, Quay,. 

Newcastle 
Hood James, ropemaker. High-street 
Hood Simon, beer retailer, Blaydon 
Hope John, pohce inspector, Bridge-street 



403 



GATESHEAD AXP DISTHICT DIEECTOEY. 



Hope Joseph, joiner, Fife-street 

Hopper John, miller, Trinity-street; lio. 

102 & 103, High-street 
Hopper Joseph, vict. and brewer, OaTncell- 

gate Inn, OakweU-gate 
Hopper Thos. provision dealer, Blaydon 
Hopper ^\m. shipscrew inaniifactm'er, Foot 

of Hillgate ; ho. 3, Melbourne-street 
Hop wood Eobert, hat manufacturer, II, 

Bottle-bank 
Hornsby, Wm. butcher, 66, High-street 
Horsley John, draper's assistant, 9, Ravens- 
worth-terrace 
HoiTocks Jas. prov. dealer, Easton-court 
Howdon Thos. prov. dealer, Winlaton 
Howdon Thos. tailor, & farmer, "Winlaton 
Howe Hannah, prov. dealer, Blue Quanies 
Howe John AUgood, pawnbroker, 84, 

High-street ; ho. 1, Barriagton-place 
Howie Captain, Saltwell Cottage 
Howie WiUiam, brazier, 97, High-street 
Ho-nie Wm. furniture broker, 18'2, High-gt 
Hoyle Richard, oil and lampblack manufac- 
turer, (Hoyle,Robson, & Co.), Swalwell; 
ho. Denton Hall 
Hoyle, Piobson, & Co.oilmills, Felling Shore 

and colour manufacturers. Bill Quay 
Huart John, quarryman, Blue Quarries 
Hudson Jas. gentleman, Ban-in gton-villa 
H idson John. prov. dlr. Blaydon-burn 
Hudspeth John, cabinet maker, 10, High-st 
Hudspeth Thomas, cabinet maker, High- 
street ; ho. Oakwell-gate 
Hull Ehzb. provision dealer, Pipewell-gate 
Hull Luke, foreman with Abbott ; ho. S, 

King TN'illiam- street 
Humble Chas. brewer (Smith & Co.) ; ho. 

3, Trafalgar-street 
Humble EiLvard, innkeeper, Blaydon 
Humble John, painter, 31, Bridge-street ; 

ho. 10, Pilgrim-street, Newcastle 
Hume Jos, post office clerk, 8, Easton-court 
Hume Peter, tailor, 20, Grosvenor-street 
Humphrey Wm. butcher, Oakwell-gate, and 

at South-shore 
Hunt John, taHor, Holly-hill, Felling 
Huntley George, overman of Hoyle's works, 

Swalwell 
Hunter Andrew, quanyman, "Wrekenton 
Hunter Collingwood, vict. Joiners' Arms 

Inn, Wrekenton 
Hunter^Esther, dressmaker, Lambton-st 
Hunter George, coal merchant, Elmpark 
and Charlaw ; coal depots, Half Moon- 
lane; ho. Milfield-teiTace 
Hunter John, sohcitor, 8, Bridge-street ; ho. 
21, Bloomfield-ten-ace 



Hunter John, agent, 4, Cotfield-teiTace 
Hunter Saml. agent, 13, Eavensworth-ter 
Hunter Samnel, foreman at Abbott's, 

Cramer-dykes 
Hunter Wm. provision dealer, Wrekenton 
Hunter V\'m. vict. The Swan Inn, Park-st 
Hurst ^lar}-, lodgings, 3, Lambton-terrace 
Hurst IMary, provision dealer, Winlaton 
Hurst Mary, lodgings, 3, Lambton-terrace 
Hurst Vrilliam, smith, &c. Winlaton 
Hurst William, provision dealer, Winlaton 
Husband Anna, 36, Melbourne-street 
Hutchinson Conyers, commercial traveller, 

2, Eavensworth-terrace 
Hutchinson James, cooper, Blaydon 
Hutchinson Mary, teacher, Peareth-place 
Hutchinson Wm. grocer, 9, High-street; 

ho. Peareth-place 
Hutchinson WiUiam, joiner and cartwright. 

Low Felling ; ho. Crow Hall Cottage 
Hutchinson C. commercial travlr.2,Ravens- 

worth terrace 
Hutton Ann, dressmaker. Low Fell 
Hutton Thomas, beer retailei', Low Fell 
Hymers Jane, innkeeper, Blaydon 
Hymers Joseph, gentleman. Borough-field 
Hymers Jos. Abbot, iron founder and lime 

burner, Hymer's-court ; ho. E} ton 
Hymers Wm. gentleman, 2, Walker-terrace 

IDLE Benjamin, cheesemonger,27,High-st 
Dderton John, vict. Goat Inn, 19, Bottle-bk 
Imeary Eobert, alkali cris. soda, &:c. manu- 
facturetjHeworth Shore ; ho.JaiTowLodge 
Ingham Joseph provision dealer, 85, High- 
street ; ho. Jackson's-chare 
Inglis Mary, toll collector. Low Team-gate 
Inglis John, -sict. Glass Makers' Arms Inn, 

Chatham 
In graham Jas. medicine vendor, Wrekenton 
Ingram Eev. Wm. ('Wesleyan),15, Ellison- 
street 
Inness Charles, butcher, 178, High-street 
lonn Frdk. Peter, draper, 213, High-street, 

and 1, Hill-street 
Iredale Lancelot, forgeman, 46, Mel- 
bourne-street 
Ismay John, provision dealer, Wickham 
Irvine & Co. mustard mnfrs. Oakwell-gate 
Irving Mary, lodgings, 11, Elhson-street 
Irving Wmiam, bookbinder, Grosvenor-st 
Irwin Surtees, manager, Xewc. & Car. Ky. 
Station, Eedheugh ; ho. Melbourae-st , 
Iveson Thomas, butcher, Heworth Shore 
Ivison Phihp, provision dlr. Windmni-hills 
I^-ison Pruddah, provision dealer, Gros- 
venor-street 



<JATESHEAD AKD DISTKICT DIEECTOEY. 



403 



JACKSON Henry, gentleman, 8, Bloom- 

iielcl-terrace 
Jackson John, draper, 1, Bridge-street 
Jackson John, hootmaker, Ellison-square 
Jackson Kobert, printer, 31, Bridge-street ; 

ho. 11, Grosveu or- street 
Jackson Thomas, bookseller, Oakwell-gate 
Jackson Thomas, farmer. Low Felling 
Jamison John, butcher, 87, High-street 
Jamison Eobert, provision dealer, Union-ln 
Janson Chas. iron merchant (Mounsey, 

Janson, 8c Co. and S. Finney & Go.) ; ho. 

Shotley Bridge 
Jardine G. manager of the Blaydon Chem- 
ical Woiks, Blaydon 
Jeavens Kobert, butcher, Winlaton 
Jelfery John, provision dealer, Winlaton 
Jefferson Ehzb. dressmaker, Wrekenton 
Jobling George, turner, IG, High street 
Jobhng Lancelot, saw mill owner, Swalwell 
Jobling Lancelot, vict. Highlander Inn, 

Swalwell 
Jobling Wm. smith. Sheriff Hill 
Jobling Wm. dealer in sundries, Hillgate 
Jobson Eobt. butcher. 26, Bridge-street 
Joicey George, iron founder, 24, West-street 
Joicey James, gentleman, Bensham Lodge 
Johnson Clement,provision dealer,Monkton 
Johnson Cornelius, gardener, Blaydon-burn 
Johnson John, head viewer, Friar's Goose, 

Willington 
Johnson Maria, dealer in sundries, Oakwlgt 
JohnsonMrs.Patience, Cramer-dykesHouse 
Johnson Robt. haircutter, 72, High-street ; 

ho. St. John's place 
Johnson Eobert, vict. Blue Bell Inn, and 

butcher, Pipewell-gate 
Johnson Thomas, currier, 3, Bottle-bank ; 

ho. Grosvenor-street 
Johnson Wm. beerhouse. Park -lane 
Jollie Wm. M.D. & surgeon, 202, High-st 
Jones Rev. Saml. (Meth. New Con.) 18, 

Molendiue-terrace 
Jordan John, agent. Windmill-hills 
Joyce Isabella, Peareth-place 

KEELER Geo. bootmaker, & shopkeeper, 

Sheriff Hill 
Keith George, agent, Burney's- villas 
Kane John, beerhouse. Hopper-street 
Kell and Apedaile, solicitors. Town Hall 
Kell George, provision dealer, Riddell-st 
Kell Joseph, agent, ll,Ravensworth-terrace 
Kell Wm. solicitor (Kell & Apedaile) and 

town clerk; ho. 17, West-street 
Kelly Henry, printer, 227, High-street ; ho. 

4, Cross-street 



Kelly Rev. John, (Cathohc), Felling Shore 
Kelly Robt. leather seller, 77, High-street 
Kelso David, provision dlr. Pipewell-gate 
Kendal John H. chemist, 40, High-street ; 

ho. Carr's Hill 
Kendal Mattw. earthenware manufacturer, 

Carres HiU 
Kenmir Geo. Johnson, solicitor, clerk to the 
boroughholders and freemen of Gates- 
head, 2, Bridge-st; ho. Carr's Hill House 
Kenuon Matt, cabinet maker, Wrekenton 
Kent Sam. Beacon Lough Farm, and pro- 
prietor of Gateshead Fell LunaticAsylum 
Kent Silas, vict. Victoria Inn, 8, Church-st 
Kimpster John, grocer. Walker-terrace 
Kimpster Joseph, grocer, Claremont-place 
King Robert, boot & shoemaker. Low Fell 
Kirkly Jonathan, bootmaker. Riddle -street 
I^" \'y Steph.farmer, Green-villa, Sheriff Hill 
Kirkup Thos. mar. store dlr. 18, William st 
Kirtley Margt. provision dlr. Nelson-street 
Knowles Ellen, provision dealer, 2, Park-st 

LAIDLER Barbara, dealer in sundries, 

Grosvenor-street 
Laidier Wm. com. agent, 2, Cotfield-terrace 
Laing Wm. surgeon, High Felhng 
Lamb Joseph, gentleman, Axwell Park, 

near Swalwell 
Lamb Lewis, shipbuilder (Gaddy & Lamb) 

ho. Tyne Main 
Lamb Dorothy, pawnbroker. Nelson-street 
Lammas James, surgeon, 3, Woodbine-place 
Lampton L. D. Esq. Stella Hall 
Land Richard, ironfounder, Pipewell-gate ; 

ho. High -street 
Land Richard, prov. dlr. 91, High-street 
Larke Augustus, clerk, Elysium-place 
Larkin Edward Felix, mustard manufactr. 

(Irvine & Co.); ho. 37, Oakwell-gate 
Latimer Thos. Alex, agent, 4, Hutt-street 
Laverick John, forgeman, 7, Bloomfield-ter 
Laverick Margt. vict. Barley Moio Inn, 

High Felling 
Laverock Thos. dairyman. High-street 
LawrenceJos.vict.H7ieaiS'/iea/Jn?i,7,High-st 
Laws Mrs. Isabella, Whickbam 
Laws jMutthew, farmer, Burnheads & Blue 

House, Monkton 
Lav/son George, vict. Coach and Horses Inn, 

197, High-st. and smith, Dun Cow-yard 
Lawson Thos. gentleman, 34, Ellison-st 
Lay cock Jos. iron manufr. (R. J. & E. 

Laycock); ho. Hallgorth House 
Laycock Robert, Joseph, Sc Richard, iron 

mnfrs. ifcc. and mnt'rs. of chains, hinges, 

screw-bolts, &c. Winlaton and Stella 



404 



GATESHEAD AND DTSTPJCT DIRECTORY. 



Laycock Bichd. iron manufacr. (R. J. & E. 

Laycock); ho. Winlaton 
Laycock Eobt. iron manufactr. (R. J. & R. 

Laycock); ho. Winlaton 
Lee Jno. joiner & car twright, Windmill-hills 
Lee Nicholas, tailor, Trinity-street 
Leathead Thos. viet. Rose and Crown Inn, 

and haircutter, Swalwell 
Leeming John, provision dlr. High Felling 
Leighton Thos. nailmaker, 30, Bottle-hank ; 

ho. Church-street 
Leing Wra. surgeon, High Felling 
Lennox James, beerhouse, Hill-gate 
Lentell John, Fife-st. ]Mouut-pleasant 
Leslie Marion, 10, Mulgrave-terrace 
Liddell Catherine, smith & farrier, Low Fell 
Liddeli Jas. cabinet maker, Dun Cow-yard; 

ho. 12, Cannon-street 
Liddell Thomas, teacher, Blaydon 
Liddell Wm. provision dealer, 8, Cannon- 
street 
Liddle Thos.da-aughtsman, Durham-terrace 
Lill Mrs. Ehzabeth, 13, Eihson-street 
Lilley William, tailor, Blaydon 
Linn Eobt. lamp-black manfctr. Blaydon 
Lisson Geo. commission agent, 7, Bloom- 

lield-teiTace 
Lister Elnr. furniture broker, 36, High-st 
Lister Elizb. doaler in sundries, SheriifHill 
Lister Mrs. Jane, 6, Melbourne-street 
Lister John, builder, Park-street; ho. MH- 

iield-terrace 
Lister Matthew, sand miller. Sheriff Hill 
Little George collector of taxes, 5, Union- 
row 
Little Eobt. vict. Squires' Arms Inn, 

Heworth-lane 
Little Mrs. Sarah, Prospect-place 
Little W. provision and marine store dealer, 

Low Felling 
Longstaffe Marmaduke, gentleman, 22, 

Eavensworth-terrace 
Longstaffe Wm. Flylton, clerk, Bensham 
Losh Wm. coal pi'oprietor (Wm. Losh & 

Co.) ; ho. Newcastle 
Lothian John, provision dealer, 99, High-st 
Loughlin Andrew, vict. Shij) Inn, Heworth 
Lewis Mary A. dressmkr. St. Edmund's-pl 
LoAvis Wm beer retailer. St. Edmunds-pl 
Lowrey Stephen, anchor, &c. manufacturer, 

(J. Gelley & Co.) ; ho. Shieldfield House, 

Newcastle 
Ludlow Miss Dorothy, 20, West-street 
Lumley Joseph, grocer, &c. High-street 
Lumley Eobt. dealer in sundries, Swalwell 
Lumley Eobert, bootmaker. Windmill-hills 
Lumsden Wm. provision dealer, Hillgate 



MADDISON Eobt. boat builder. Bill Quay 
Magee James, boot maker, Grahamsley-st 
Main Arthur, master of Gateshead Union 

Workhouse, L^nion-lane 
Main Peter James, gentleman, Bloomfield- 

terrace 
Main Eobt. joiner, Dun Cow-yard; ho.West- 

street 
Makepeace Jno. Brown, butcher, Wrekenr- 

ton ; ho. High Felhng 
Makepeace Joseph, news agent, Blaydon 
March Joseph, butcher, Blaydon j • 

Marshall Agnes, teacher, 3, Fenvrick-ter' 
Marshall John, grocer & draper, Blaydon 
Marsliall Jos. drapers assistant, 10, Bloom- 

lield-terrace 
Marshall Eichard, vict. and joiner, High- 
lander Inn, Winlaton 
Marshall Eobt. corn merchant, Sedgewick- 

place 
Marshall Thomas, twine manufacturer, 

High-street 
Marshall Wm. provision dealer, Winlaton 
Martin David, Eedheugh 
Martinson Miss Mary, Blaydon 
Masters Wm. pipemaker, 31, Bridge-street; 

ho. Cannon-street 
Masterson Geo. Mitchell, actuary at New- 
castle Saving Bank ; ho. W^oodbiue-ter 
Matchett Benjamin, gentleman, Low Fell 
Mather Geo. ironmonger (Matlier & Eeed); 

ho. Eegent-street 
Mather Martha & Annabella, milliners, 39, 

Bottle-bank : ho. 109, Blenheim street, 

Newcastle 
Mather & Eeed, ironmongers, 19, Bridge-st 
Matthew John, shipbroker, Hardwick-place 
Mather Eobt. upholsterer, 196, High-street 
Matthewson Adam, commercial traveller, 

Bloomfield-terrace 
Mattison Eobert, joiner. High West-street ; 

ho. Mulgrave-terrace 
Maudlin g George, baker, Oakwell-gate 
Maughan George, grocer, &c. and butcher, 

52, Melbourne-street 
Maughan John, prov. dealer, 34, Bottle-bk 
Maughan Joseph, butcher, 7, Bottle-bank ; 

ho. 9, Melbourne-street 
Maughan Joseph Heppell, watchmaker, 20, 

Bottle-bank ; ho. 43, Melbourne-street 
Maughan Matthew, lampblack,manfacturer, 

Heworth-shore ; ho. Garden-villa 
Mawer John, bootmaker. Bill Quay 
Maxwell Jas. B. beerhouse, Heworth 
McAllum John, surgeon, Heworth-shore 
McDonald William, vict. Free Gardeners' 

Arms, Carr's Hill 



GATESHEAD AXD DISTRICT DIRECTORY. 



405 



Mc Gongli Thomas, bee.rhouse,High Felling 
McAvoy John, beerhouse, High Felling 
Mclnnes Jas. lamp black and vitriol mnfr. . 

Pipewell-gate 
Mclntire James, vict. Ellison Arms Inn, 

Eabbit-banks 
McLawrin Jas. nailmaker, 30, Bottle-bank 
McLean James, vict. Robin Hood Inn, 

Church-walk 
McNab Eobert, butcher, High Felling 
McNallv James, vict. & tailor, Union Inn, 

Hillgkte 
McNaught, Brothers, hardwaremen and 

marine store dealers, High Felling 
McNuught James, hardwareman, &c. (Mc 

Naught & Brothers) ; ho. High Felling 
McNaught John, hardwareman, &c. (Mc 

Naught & Brothers); ho. High Felling 
McNaught Robert, hardwareman, &c. (Mc 

Naught & Brothers) ; ho. High Felling 
Meggison Thos. Nthnl. M.D. Whickham 
Mercer Solomon, baker, Mulgrave-terrace 
Nicholson Peter, prov. dlr. Church-walk 
Middleton Michael, agent, Collin gwood-ter 
Miller Ann, provision dealer, Wrekenton 
Miller Frances, provision dealer, Winlaton 
Miller George, provision dealer, 3, Hill-st; 

ho. 10^ High-street 
Miller George, hat manufacturer, (Ander- 
son & Miller) ; ho. 18, Bloomfield-terrace 
Miller Henry, master mariner & provision 

dealer, High Felling 
Miller Jas. nail & chain maker, Winlaton 
Miller James, provision dealer, 12, High-st 
Miller Mark, shopkeeper. Sheriff Hill 
Miller Robert, joiner, IG, High-street 
Miller '1 hos. nail & chain maker, Winlaton 
Miller William, tinsmith, Oakwell-gate 
Mills Thomas, provision dealer, Low Fell 
Milne John, tailor, Bloomfield terrace ; ho. 

Stewart-place 
Milner George, butcher, Windmill-hiUs; ho. 

19, Woodbine -terrace 
Milvain & Harford, sailcloth manufacturers, 

Quarry-field 
Milvain Henry, sail cloth manufacturer 

( Milvain & Harford); ho. N.ElswickHall 
Mitchell William, vict. White Bear Inn, 

Salt Meadows 
Mitford James, cabinet-maker, Blaydon 
Mitford Joseph, tailor, Wickham 
Moffitt Joseph, agent, Mount Pleasant 
Monkhouse Edward, provision dealer, 17, 

Church-street 
Monkhouse Wilham, vict. Brandling Arms 

Inn, Oakwell-gate 
Monro Henry L. chemist, 20, High street 



Moody R. E. agent, Hull-street 
Moor Samuel, butcher. Bill Quay 
Moore P. H.M. Custom.s, 9, Claiemont-pl 
Morelan Thos. cheesefactor, Walker-ter 
Morgan James, vict. Ferry Boat Inn, 

Friar's Goose 
Morris David, boat builder (J.&D. Morris); 

ho. Pelaw Main 
Morris Jno. & David, boat bldrs. Pelaw INIain 
Morris John, boat builder, (J. & D. Morris); 

ho. Pelaw Main 
Morris Mrs. Margaret, 14, Melbourne-st 
Morris William, butcher. Windy Nook 
Morrison Cbarles, beerhouse. Sheriff Hill 
Morrison Thos. M. prov. dlr. Windy Nook 
Morley Hannah, provision dlr. pawnbroker, 

and beer retailer. High Felling 
Morton Ralph, gentleman, the Crescent 
Moses Wm. drapers assist. Cromwell-st 
Mould Wm. Old Nag's Head Inn, High-st 
Mounsey, Janson, & Co. iron merchants, 

South-shore, and Newcastle 
Mowbray George, bootmaker, Wrekenton 
Mowbray Thomas, farmer, Whickham 
Mulcaster John Peter, barrister, Blaydon 

House, Blaydon 
Mulhgan Jno. furniture brkr. 41, Church-st 
Murdy John, smith, Wrekenton 
Murphy Anthony, basket maker, Dunston 
Murray IMartha, Queens Head Inn, 229, 

High-street 
Murray John, Waterloo Hotel,J)nr\s,ton 
Murray Sarah Jane, 18, West street 
Murray Thomas, vict. S/ii^ In?!, Tyne Main 
Murray W. vict. Black Bidl J?m, Heworth-ln 
Murray W. bootmaker, 15, Grosvcnor-st 
Murton Henry, agent, GuttaPercha Depot, 

3G, Grey-street, Nev.'castle ; ho. 14,Clare- 

mont-place 
Muschamp Jno. (Tyne Paper Mill Com 

pany) ; ho. London 
Muschamp Wilham (Tyne Paper Mill 

Company); ho. Windmill-hills 
Myers Christopher, manufacturing chemist, 

Dunston 
Naylor George, gentleman, 6, Woodbine- 
terrace 
Naylor Jane, toydealer, 26, Bridge-street 
Neilson Edward, vict. Queen Inn, Low Fell 
Neilson Thomas, auctioneer & appraiser, 

Bridge-end ; ho. Ellison-street 
Neilson Thomas, coalmerchaut. Half Moon- 
lane ; ho. Low Fell 
Neville Samuel & Co. Ellison Glass Works, 

East-street 
Neville Samuel glass manufacturer (S. 

Neville and Co.); ho. 24, High street 



406 



GATESHEAD AND DISTRICT DIRECTORY. 



Kewall E. S. & Co. wirerope manufacturers, 

Teams 
Newall Eobert S. wirerope manufacturer 

(E. S. Newall & Co.); bo. FerDciene 
Newton John, pipe manufacturer, Hillgate 
Newton Sui'tees, manager, Swalwell 
Newton Thomas, cart proprietor, Hillgate 
Nichol Jas. marine store dlr. High Telling 
Nichol James, tailor. High Felling 
Nichol Jos. provision dealer. High Felling 
Nicholson ]\Irs. Ann, 15, Claremont-place 
Nicholson Alice, prov. dealer, Hopper-st 
Nicholson Jane, painter, Hillgate 
Nicholson James, 16, Woodbine teiTace 
Nicholson John, sawmill owner, Blaydon 
Nicholson John, vict. Steam Boat Inn, 8, 

Hillgate 
Nicholson Jno. timber merchant & builder, 

Winlaton and Blaydon sawmills ; ho. 

Winlaton 
Nicholson Jonathan, bootmaker, Whiclcham 
Nixon John, draper (J. Nixon & Son) ; ho. 

St. John's-lane 
Nixon John & Son, drapers <5ic. 80 and 81, 

High-!^.treet 
Nixon J. draper (J. Nixon & Son) ; ho. St. 

John's-lane 
Noble John, engine builder, Heworth Shore; 

ho. Low Felling 
Norbom Eobert, inland revenue officer, 7, 

Ellison-street 
Norvell Forster, vict. Wherry Inn, Swallwell 

OLIVEE Charles, bootmaker, Whickam 
Oliver Nicholas, A-ict. Yarmouth Arms Inn, 

Heworth Shore 
Oliver Ealph, wherry owner, Blaydon 
Oliver Eobt. hinge manufacturer, Winlaton 
Ord Augustus W. cement manufacturer 

(Aspdin, Ord, & Co.) ; ho. London 
Ord Mary, ladies' boarding school, Hood's- 

villa. Windmill-hills 
Ormston Elizb. provision dh\ 46, High-st 
Ormston Nelson, painter, &c. 186, High- 
street ; ho. 1, Nelson-street 
Oi'rick Benjamin, beerhouse. Sun-street 
Ort Eobert, gentleman, 7, Claremont-place 
Osborne Eobt. draner (Osborne itHarrison); 

ho. Windmill Hills 
Oswald Wm. relieving officer, and registrar 

of births and deaths, Whickham 
Oxford Mrs. Eleanor, Institution House, 

Windmill Hills 
Oxford Mrs. Elizabeth, Mul grave-terrace 
Oxley John, vict. Keel Inn, Dunston 
Oxley Mary, postmistress. Bill Quay 
Oxley Samuel, provision dealer, Swalwell 



Ozwald William E. vict. TJlieat Sheaf Imr, 
Sheriff Hill 

PACK Maria, lodgings, Durham-teiTace 
Paley John, vict. Queen's Arms Inn, 24, 

Bridge-street 
Paley Mr. Thos. E. Collingwood-terrace 
Palmer G. & C. M. timber mrchts. Dunston 
Palmer Eobert Skinner, maiine store dlr, 

Oakwell-gate and Hillgate 
Pai'ker Mrs. Jane, EUison-sti'eet 
Parker Jane, vict. and nail and chain mnfr. 

Crovcn and Canon Inn, Winlaton. 
Parker Henry John, grocer &c. Blaydon 
Parker John & Co. brewers, Stella 
Parker John, butcher, Blaydon 
Parker Mary, provision dealer, 188, High- 
st; ho. 1, Eichmond-st. Newcastle 
Parker Sam.uel, gentleman, Dunston Hijl 
Parkinson Mrs. Elizb. 6, Claremont-place 
Parkinson Eobert, vict. Lime Kiln Inn^ 

South Shore 
Parr John, agent, Blaydon-bum 
Patterson Cuthbert, butcher, Eavensworth- 

terrace ; ho. 4, Liddle-street 
Patterson Daniel, marine store dealer, 69, 

High-street 
Patterson Ephraim, vict. Queen's Headlnn^ 

Sheriff Hill 
Patterson George, builder, Bottle-bank; 

ho. 49, Melbourne-street 
Patterson Geo. vict. Beehive Inn, Low Fell 
Patterson George, earthenv^"are manufac- 
turer. Sheriff Hill 
Patterson Isabella, prov.dealer. Sheriff Hill 
Patterson John, agent, in Eailway Goodg 

Department, Oakwell-gate 
Patterson John, vict. Croion Inn, Lov/Fell 
Patterson Thomas, earthenware manufac- 
turer. Sheriff Kill 
Patterson V\'m. master mariner, Winlaton 
Patterson William, timber merchant and 

prorision dealer, Oakwell-gate 
Pattinson, Hugh Lee & Co. chemical mnfrs. 

Felling; office. Grey- street, Newcastle 
Pattinson Hugh Lee, junior, manufaetm-ing 

chemist (H. L. Pattinson & Co.); ho. 

Stott's-hall, Jesmond. 
Pattinson Hugh Lee, sen. manufacturing 

chemist (H. L. Pattmson Sc Co.) ; ho. 

Scot's House 
PattinsonWm.Watson, maufact'aring chem. 

(H. L. Pattinson &Co.) ; ho. New-house 
Pattison James, smith, Low Fell 
Pattison John, registrar of births and 

deaths, and relieving officer, West-street j 

ho. Windmill-hills 



J 



GATESHEAD AND DISTRICT DIRECTORY. 



407 



Pattisou Joiin, joiner, Low Fell 

Pattison Thos. stone merchant, Wrekenton 

Paxton Andrew, rope, Sec. manufacturer 

(K. & A Paxton) ; ho. 5, Easton court 
Paxton K. & A. rope & twine manufacturers, 

Paxton's-yard, High-street 
Paxton Robert, rope, &g. manufacturer (R. 

and A, Paxton) ; ho. Paxton's-yard 

High-street 
Payne WilHam, agent, Dunston 
Peacock Thomas, carrier, Wrekenton 
Pearse Samuel, E.R.N. 5, Sedgewick-place 
Pearson Chas. John, builder, 194, High-st; 

ho. Bensham Tower 
Pearson Mrs. Elizabeth, "Whickh am 
Pearson J. B. and Partners, colliery owners, 

High Heworth, and at Quay, Newcastle 
Pearson John, builder, 1, John's-place 
Pearson Mrs. Mary, Ellison-street 
PearsonWm. btchr. &prov. dh\ Low Felling 
Pearson William, dealer in sundries, East-st 
Pearson William, senior, dealer in sundries, 

Low Felling 
Peirson George, teacher, Low Fell 
Pemberton Mary, staymaker, Jackson-street 
Penman John & Co. brewers, Dunston 
Perkins James, butcher, 25, High-street ; 

ho. Windmill-hills 
Pescod Eleanor, innkeeper, Dunston 
Pescod Lancelot & Jos. farmers, Dunston 
Petch Benjamin, vict. Turk's Head Inn, 

201, High-street 
Pilcher Felix, surveyor of taxes, Colling- 

v>ood-terrace 
Phillips John, coal owner, Seym our- terrace 
Pickering Mrs. Jane, 2, Union-place 
Pigg Thomas, tailor & draper. High Felling 
Piper Henry, agent, 9, Bloomfield-terrace 
Plummer Rev. Matthew, M.A. incumbent, 

Heworth 
Plummer Matthew, merchant (M. Plummer 

and Co. 39, Quay, Newcastle); ho. Sheriff 

Hill House 
Plumpton Jas, paper hanger, painter, &-c. 

13, Cannon-street 
Pollock James Esq. J.P. Bensham Cottage 
Poole Henry, manager of bottle works, 

Blaydon 
Porter Ralph, cabinet maker, High Felling 
Porter Robert, com. traveller, 6, Airey-ter 
Porteus James, tailor, Oakwell-gate-chare ; 

ho. Carr's Hill 
Potter Addison L. coke manufacturer, Blay- 

don-heugh ; ho. Heaton Hall 
Potts John Cuthbert, wine and spirit mer- 
chant, 14, High-street; ho. Windmill-hills 
Potts Edward, shopkeeper, Oakwell-gate 



Potts Robert, tailor and draper. Low Felling 
Powell Jas. earthenware dlr. 120, High-st 
Preston David, tailor, 199, High-street 
Price Joseph, (Executors of,) Durham Glass 

Works, Pipewell-gate 
Pringle Francis, beer retailer. Low Felhng 
Pringle Geo, gentleman, 3, Woodbine-ter 
Prior Thomas, beerhouse, Pipewell-gate 
Probert Henry, provision dealer, 198, High- 
street ; ho. 2, Fenwick terrace 
Prockter Bryan John, glue mnfr. Pipewell- 
gate; ho. 15, Regent-ter, Newcastle 
Proctor Thomas, assistant clerk of County 
Court, Town-hall; ho. Northumberland- 
court, Newcastle 
Proctor John, hardware dlr; ho. Ellison-st 
Proudlock John vict. Black Horse Inn, Low 

Fell 
Proud Mrs. Ann, Whicklam 
Proud Eleanor, grocer & draper, Swalwell 
Proud George, butcher, Richardson's place 
Proud Joseph, prov. dlr. and drap. Carrs Hill 
Proud Sarah, provision dlr. Windy Nook 
Prudhoe An thy . y'lci.Long Boat Inn, Blay don 
Punshon George, fruiterer and confectioner, 

24, Bottle-bank ; ho. Oakwell-gate 
Punshon Wm. professor of music, Low Fell 
Purvis Francis, prov, dealer. Sheriff Hill 
Purvis John, tripe preparer, Pipewell-gate 
Pyle Geo. provision dealer, 31, Charles-st 

RAILTON John, butcher, 208, High-street; 

ho. Church -walk 
Ramsay George Heppel, colliery owner, 

Blaydon Main, coke manufacturer, Der- 

wenthaugh, and lire brick manufacturer, 

Swalwell; office, Newcastle; ho. Derwent- 

villa 
Ramsay John Taylor, engineer & manager, 

Blaydon Main Colliery; ho. Whagg's 

House, Whickham 
RamsayThomas, general manager, Derwent- 

haugh 
Ramsay Thomas, agent, Blaydon 
Ramsay William, viewer, Blaydon -burn 
Ramsey Ann, mai'ine store and provision 

dealer. High Felling 
Rand William, bootmaker, Lambton-street 
Rankin Elizb. Cath. milliner, Lambton-st 
Rankin James, house agent, Lambton-st 
Rankin Robert, printer, 38, Bottle-bank ; 

ho. 1, Lambton-terrace 
Ranson Ann, dressmaker, 2, Ellison-street 
Rawling Robert, tinsmith. Felling Shore 
Rawling Thomas, farmer, Borough Wliite 

House, Bensham 
Rayne John, vict. Black Boy I;jn, Winlaton 



408 



OATESHEAD AND DISTHICT DIRECTOEY. 



Eeadhead Jolin, farmer, Hebburn Quay 
Eeadhead Rbt. cabinet mkr. Heworth Shore 
Eea Elizabeth, provision dealer, 174, 

High street ; ho. 22, Ellison-street 
Eeay John, butcher and provision dealer, 

Hewortb-lane 
Eeay John, hairdresser, 27, Church-street 
Eedhead John, provision dlr. Low Felling 
Eedhead Eobert,shipbuilder,Hebburn Quay 
EedshawEmanuel, tailor (Eedshaw&Son) ; 

ho. 79, High-street 
Eedshaw J ohn,victO Id Engine Inn, 'Loyv'F ell 
Eedshaw John, tailor (Eedshaw & Son) ; 

ho. 79, High- street 
Eedshav? Middleton, organist, 79, High-st 
Eedshaw & Son, tailors, 79, High-street 
Eeed — Miss, teacher, Heworth Grove 
Eeed Charles John, brewer (John Barras 

and Co. ;) ho. 12, Carlton-tei\ Newcastle 
Eeed Edward T. miller, Windmill-hills and 

Newcastle 
Eeed Henry E. ironmonger(Mather&Eeed); 

ho. 14, Woodbine-terrace 
Eeed John, hinges & ringmaker, Winlaton 
Eeed John, prov. dlr. and drpr. Winlaton 
Eeilly Edward, beerhouse, Hillgate 
Eeilly John, provision dealer, Oakwell-gate 
Eenwick James, shoe and clog-plate maker, 

Winlaton 
Eenwick John, ironfounder and smith, 2, 

Graham sley-street 
Eenwick John & Son, chainmkrs. Winlaton 
Eenwick Mary, vict. Red Lion Inn, Winlaton 
Eenwick Eichard, provision dealer, Winlaton 
EenwickWatson,shoe and clog-plate maker, 

Winlaton 
Eenwick William, 21, Charles-street 
Eevell Eichard, provision dealer,Wrekenton 
Eevely Catherine, vict. Commercial Hotel, 

Half Moon-lane 
Eewcastle John, copperas manufacturer; 

ho. JBruuswick- street and at Hylton, 

near Sunderland 
Eeynolds Joseph, marine store dealer, 90, 

High-street 
Eichards James, &: Co. glass bottle manuftr. 

Bill Quay _ 
Eichards Elizabeth, bottle manufacturer 

(James Eichards & Co.) ; ho. The Hall 
Eichardson Amelia, milliner, 183, High-st 
Eichardson John, butcher, Mulgrave-ter j 

ho. Victoria- street 
Eichardson J. H. & T. firebrick manufac- 

turers,Eabbit-bnks. office, Quay,Newcastle 
Eichardson Mary, ^ict. Brunswick Hotel, 

Brunswick-street 
Eichardson Eobert, vict. Blaydon-burn 



Eichardson Steph. bootmaker. Sheriff Hill 
Eichardson Thos, joiner and cabinet maker, 

Winlaton 
Eichardson Peter, vict. Jug Inn, Carr's Hill 
Eichardson Thomas, market gardener, Low 

Benshara 
Eichai'dson Thomas, vict. Grey Horse Inn, 

42, High-street 
Eichardson Thos. vict. New Inn, Whickhara 
Eichardson Wm. bootmaker, 185, High-st 
Eichardson William, prov. and toy dlr. 183, 

High-st 
Eichardson Wm. E. teacher, Hume Cottage, 

Cobdeu-terrace 
Eickaby William, manager. Sheriff Hill 
Eidley Aaron, grocer, 34, Bridge-street 
Eidley Thos. vict. Railway Hotel, Hill-st 
Eippon Chas. Procter, butcher, 28, Bridge-st 
Eobertson John, miller and manufacturer 

of patent malt, 13, Jackson-street, and at 

Low Felling ; ho. 13, Jackson-street 
Eobinson Dinah, teacher, Carr's Hill 
Eobinson Francis, vict. Black Bull Inn, Hill 

Felling 
Eobinson George, vict. Deptford House Inn, 

Black wall 
Eobinson Jacob, hair dresser, 70, High-st 
Eobinson James, provision dealer, and beer 

retailer, Trinity-street 
Eobinson John, butcher, 12, Bridge-street; 

ho. Cannon-street 
Eobinson John, com. traveller, 3, Cotfield-ter 
Robinson J. J. teacher, Whickham 
Eobinson John Johnstone, postmaster, 

Whickham 
Eobinson John Herring, clerk, 3, Eavens- 

Avorth-terrace 
Eobinson John Walton, cheesemonger, Sec. 

16, Bottle-bank; ho. Freeman's-terrace 
Eobinson Joseph, miller and farmer, Blay- 
don-burn 
Eobinson Martin, mason, Taylor-terrace 
Eobinson Eobert, provision dealer, Blaydon 
Eobinson William, surgeon, 9, West-street 
Eobson Adam, clerk. Friar's Goose 
Eobson Barron, vict. Three Tuns Inn, 

Sheriff Hill 
Eobson Edwd. fruit mercht. Claremont-place 
Eobson Geo. joiner and cartwright, Low Fell 
Eobson Bartholomew, butcher. Bill Quay 
Eobson Daniel, farmer & horse dlr. Shipcote 
Eobson Easton, gentleman, Easton-court 
Eobson Edward and Co. chain and anchor 

manufacturers, Swalwell 
Eobson George, chain, &c. manufacturer 

(Edward Eobson and Co.); ho. Swalwell 
Eobson George, provision dealer, Low Fell 



GATESKEAC ANt) DISTRICT DIRECTOBY. 



409 



Eobson George, painter, 2, Ellison-street; 

ho. Jackson-street 
Robson Henry, mason. Low Fell 
Eobson Henry, vict. Seven Stars Inn, 

Wrekenton 
Eobson Isab. schoolmisti'ess, Melbourne-st 
Eobson James Watson, provision dealer, 

Sheriff Hill 
Eobson Jane, teacher, Wrekenton 
Eobson John, chain, &c. mannfactm^er 
(Edward Eobson and Co.); ho. Swalwell 
Eobson Joseph, farmer, Back Field 
Eobson J. engine builder, Blackwall ; ho. 

Ellison-street 
Eobson James, dairyman, Sheriff Hill 
Eobson John, clerk, Winlaton 
Eobson John, beerhouse, GO, High-street 
Eobson John, hat manufacturer, Pipe well- 
gate ; ho. High -street 
Eobson John, provision dealer, Swalwell 
Eobson John, draper (J. and W. Eobson); 

ho. Windmill-hills 
Eobson John, farmer, Heworth 
Eobson John S. vict. Half Moon Inn, Wre- 
kenton 
Eobson Jonathan, engine builder. Black- 
wall ; ho. 1, Ellison-street 
Eobson Jonathan, tallow-chandler,19,High- 

street; ho. Windmill-hills 
Eobson Josepli, clerk, 1, Eavensworth-ter 
Eobson Joseph, farmer, Backfield House 
Eobson J. and W. drapers, 13, High-street 
Eobson Mrs. Margaret, 56, High-street 
Eobson Mary, vict. Sun Inn, High-street 
Eobson Ealph, manager, Bill Quay 
Eobson Eobert, dyer, 16, Mulgrave-terrace; 

ho. Manor Cottage 
Eobson Samuel, clerk, 8, Melbourne-street 
Eobson Thomas, bootmaker, Windmill-hills 
Eobson Thomas, saddler. Court-place; ho. 

23, Melbourne-street 
Eobson Thomas, tailor, High Felling 
Eobson Thomas Shafto, coal merchant, 
Half Moon-lane, and provision dealer, 
Wrekenton 
Eobson Wm. clerk, 1, Eavensworth-terrace 
Eobson Wilham, draper (J. & W. Eobson) ; 

ho. Sheriff Hill 
Eockett Wilson, fishmonger, 38, Bottle-bank 
Eoddam Ann, straw bonnet maker, Low 

Felling 
Eogerson George, vict. Gray Mare Inn, 

Wrekenton 
Eogerson Philip, builder, Wrekenton 
Eosenbohan Cath. pawnbroker, Church-st 
Eoutledge Eobert, prov. dealer, and butcher, 
3j Mulgrave-terrace 

2bS 



Eowe Jeremiah, hosier, 212, High-street 
Eowe Thomas, cheesemonger, &c. 219, 

High-street ; ho. Victoria-street 
Eowland William, provision dealer, Eabbit- 

banks 
Eudd Eev. Eichard, B.A. curate, Winlaton 
Eutherford John, bootmaker, Blaydon 
Rutherford Eobert, prov. dealer, Quarry 

Field 
Eutherford Thomas John, academy, Mul- 
grave-terrace; ho. 22, Ellison-street 
Eutter Mark, vict. Brandy Vaults Inn, 11, 
Church-street 

SADLEE Matthew, prov. dlr. Pipewell-gate 
Sanderson Edward, landing waiter; ho. 

8, Union-row 
Sanderson Henry, farmer, Swalwell 
Sanderson Ealph, cabinetmaker, 28, Bottle- 
bank; ho. 3, Nelson-street 
Sanderson Thomas, dealer in sundries, 

Sheriff Hill 
Sandwith Sarah, prov. dealer, 95, High- 
street 
Schorey William Henry, superintendent of 

borougn police, Town Hall 
Scott Mrs. David, 8, Claremout-terrace 
Scott Miss Hannah, High-street 
Scott the Misses, Hood's-buildings, Wind- 
mill-hills 
Scott Henry, Com. Bank, 4,Claremont-place 
Scott James, vict. Half Moon Inn, 13, 

Bridge-street 
Scott James & Son, brewers, 13, Bridge- st 
Scott Jno. agent for the sale of the Governor 
and London lead Go's, lead and litharage, 
Blaydon 
Scott John, agent to the Hemitune Iron 

Co. Blaydon 
Scott John, butcher, Sheriff Hill 
Scott Joseph, butcher. Felling Shore 
Scott Eobert, railway-engine driver and 

grocer, Musgrave-terrace 
Scott Eobert, butcher, Bill Quay 
Scott Eobert, brewer (J. Scott & Son); ho. 

13, Bridge-street 
Scott Thos. H.M. customs, 16,Claremont-i3l 
Selkirk Dorothy, Wrekenton 
Selkirk Mrs. Martha, Windmill-hills 
Shafto Thos. H. flour dlr. 223, Higli-street 
Shannon Michael, beer retailer, Cannon-st 
Sharp Mary, milliner, 223, High-street; ho. 

21, Bottle-bank 
Shaw Joshua, provision dlr. Felling Shore 
Shaw Thomas, gentleman, Wickham 
Shepherd Wilham, smith, Brandling-street; 
ho. Garden -court 



410 



GATESHEAD AND DISTRICT DIRECTOET. 



Shield Robert, proTision dealer and post- 
master, Svralwell 
Shield Thomas, spade and shovel manu- 

factm-er, Swalwell 
Shivers George, bookseller, 64, High-st ; 

ho. 4, Scott's-yard 
Shotton Ann, confectr. 172, High-street 
Shotton Mary, dealer in sund. Low Felling 
Sill George, assistant overseer, surveyor of 

highvrays, rates collector, and registrar of 

births, deaths, and marriages, for the 

Heworth district, High Felling 
Sill Mrs. Jane, Low FelUng 
Sin Thos. flour dealer, 194, High-street 
Simm John, bone crasher & chareoal dust 

manufactm-er, Nuu's-lane 
Simm Jon. dlr. in earthenware, Pelaw Main 
Simm John, ^ict. George (& Dragon Inn 28, 

Bridge-street 
Simm iNlaiy, provision dealer, HeworthShore 
Simm Thomas, butcher, 141. High-street; 

ho. 28, Bridge sti-eet 
Simon Miss, teacher, Wickham 
Simpson John, ^ict. Half-way House Inn, 

High Felling 
Simpson John, beerhouse, High Felling 
Simpson Stephen, grocer and flour dealer, 

TVrekenton 
Simpson "^Mlliam, clerk in District Bank, 

3, Hall-teiTace 
Simpson Wm. provision dlr. Felling Shore 
Singers Archibald, ^inegar, &c. mnfr. (H. 

Singers & Co.); ho. 8, Leazes-terrace, 

Newcastle 
Singers Hew & Co. vinegar manufacturers 

and spirit merchants, Hillgate 
Singers Hew, vinegar, Szc. manufactm-er 

( H. Singers it Co.) ; ho. 8, Leazes-terrace, 

Newcastle 
Slater John, miller, Swalwell 
Small David, cabinet maker, Dun Cow-yard, 

High-street 
Smart Mrs. Elizabeth, High Hewortli 
Smith Anthony, beer retailer and brewer, 

Winlaton 
Smith Charles, butcher, 2, Bottle Bank ; 

ho. Ocean-terrace 
Smith Eleanor, dressmaker, 5, Lambton-ter 
Smith Ellen, dealer in sundries, Bensham 
Smith ISIr. Henry, 22, West-street 
Smith Henry, tailor and draper, Low Fell 
Smith Jane, dlr in sundries. Felling Shore 
Smith Jane, lodging-house, Elhson-street 
Smith John, brewer, farmer, and malster, 

Winlaton 
Smith John, vict. JDu?i Cow Inn, 31, High-st 
Smith John & Co. brewers, Ellison-street 



Smith John, brewer (J. Smith and Co.) ; 

ho. 5, Trafalgar-street, Newcastle 
Smith John Ford, academy, Melboume-st ; 

ho. 1, Jackson-street 
Smith MaiWjvict. T''u/ca?i^r7nsJn7i,Winlaton 
Smith Maiy Ann, prov. dlr. Pipewell-gate 
Smith Philip, butcher and spade manu- 
facturer, 22, Bottle Bank 
Smith Thomas, builder, High-street, and 

provision dealer. High Felling 
Smith Thomas, vict. Coach and Horses Lui, 

Wrekenton 
Smith Thomas;, agent. St. Cuthbert's-place 
Smith Thomas, bootmaker, Ellison-square 
Smith Thomas, lemonade manufacturer, &c. 

16, High-sti'eet ; ho. 7, Swinburne-place 
Smith Yv'illiam, vict. Five Wand Mill Inn^ 

Benshara-bank 
Smith WilHam, saddler, 26, High-street 
Smith "William, painter, etc. Blaydon 
Snaith Joseph, boot maker, and vict. Plough 

Inn, Sberifi" Hill 
Snowball James, butcher and proA'ision dlr. 

Hill-street 
Snowball John, joiner, Swalwell 
Snowball Mai-y, prov. dealer, Melboume-st 
Snowball WiUiam, draper, Bottle-bank; ho. 

11, MulgraveteiTace 
Snowdon John, tailor, 33. High-street 
Snowdon John, grocer, Hood's-villa, Wind- 

mill-hiUs 
Snowdon Thomas, miUer and farmer. Blue 

Quarries 
Sobers William, joiner, See. High-street 
Sofiley John, vict. Staith Inn, Stella 
Softley Samuel, marble mason, 1, Oakwell- 

gate 
Soulsby Thomas, manager of Hoyle, Robsoa 

ct Co.'s oil mills, Felhng Shore 
Soursbie Piev. Eobert, curate, Wickham . 

Southern Geo. firebrick mnfr. (Southern^& I 

Y>'atson); ho. Eibblesworth T 

South ernGeo.Wm.firebrick mnfr. (Southern 

& Watson ) ; ho. Eibblesworth 
Southern John Michael, fire brick man fir. 

(Southern it Watson); ho. Springwell 
Southern itWatson,firebrick manufacturers, 

Dunston 
Sowerby John, fiintglass mnfr. New Stour- 
bridge, Piabbit-banks ; ho. Shipcote 
Sowerby Thomas, farmer, Low Fell 
Spai'k Joseph, dh-. in sundiies, Sherin'Hill 
Speck Eev. Thomas, curate of Gateshead, 

1, Catherine-teiTace 
Spedding David, innkeeper, Brunswick-st 
Spence Henry, draper, 17, Bloomfield-ter 
Spence Thomas, bootmaker, Yictoria-street 



GATESHEAD AND DISTKICT DIRECTORY. 



411 



Spencer John &Son, forge worlds, Blay don- 
burn ; ho. Newburn 
Spencer Michael, manfr. of forgework, &c. 

(J. & M. Spencer); ho. Swahyell 
Spencer Joseph & Michael, manufacturers 

of forgework, &c. ; SNvahvell 
Spencer Philip, iron founder, Swalwell 
Spencer Tbomas, tailor, Sheriif Hill 
Spencer Wm. ropemaker (Dixon, Corbitt& 

Co.); ho. 15, Eavenswoith- terrace 
Spooner Joseph, provision dealer, 1, Bloom- 

field-t^rrace 
Spreggon Eobert, baker. High Felhng 
Springman Charles F. schoolmaster 
Springmann Frederic, agent, 4, Union-row 
Stark Ann, provision dealer, Felling Shore 
Stark John, tailor and sexton, Wickham 
Steel Mary Ann, grocer, Low Fell 
Steel '^YiLLiam, provision dealer, 10, Hillgate 
Stephenson Clement, vict. & butcher, 101-2, 

High-st. & the Waggon Inn, High-street 
Stephenson Ehzabeth, lodgings, Nelson-st 
Stephenson Foster, vict. Bay Horse Inn, 

Windy Nook 
Stephenson G-eo. provision dealer. Low Fell 
Stephenson Geo. quarryman. Sheriff Hill 
Stephenson George, butcher, Low Fell 
Stephenson James, builder & contractor. 

Sheriff Hill 
Stephenson John, butcher. High Felling 
Stephenson Mrs. Mary, 53, High-street 
Stephenson Eobt. engineer, 4,Hardwicke-ter 
Stephenson Y/m. butcher, Sheriff Hill 
Stephinson James, toll collector, Low 

■ Felling-gate 
Sterhrg Jane, fruiterer, 211, High-street ; 

ho. Young's-buildings 
Steven John, painter, &c. Colliugwood-ter 
Stevenson Henry Eichmond, surgeon, 

Whickham Hall 
Stevenson John Heniy, surgeon, Whick- 
ham Hall 
Stewart Andrew, agent, Cromwell-terrace, 

Bensham 
Stewart Josph. hairdresser, 187, High-st 
Stewart Eobert provision dlr. Sheriff Hill 
Stewart Tbos. W. Stevi art--nlace 
Stewart Thomas, vict. Ellison Arms Inn, 

Hebburn 
Stobbs & Co. grocers, &c. 224, High -street 
Stobbs John, grocer and brewer (Stobbs & 

Co.) ; ho. 2-^4, High-street 
Stobbs Margaret, butcher, 100, High-street 
Stobbs Jsph. boot and shoemkr. "W^inlaton 
Stokes John B. plumber and painter, 

Low Fell 
Stokoe Bartholomew, skinner, Blaydou 



Storey Joseph, master mariner, Liddell- 

terrace 
Story Jane lodgings, Brunswick-street 
Story Mich, provision dealer, Wrekenton 
Stothard Edwd.Hewison,overseer, Hebburn 
Stott, Frederick Geo. saddler, V/rekenton 
Straker Geo. shipowner, Catherine-place 
Stratmore Ealph, tailor, Low Fell 
Struthers — , master of Union School 

Workhouse, Union-lane 
Strong Jonathan, sand mill. Sheriff Hill 
Stubbs Josph. provision dealer, Blaydon 
Summerbeil Parmella, butcher, High-street 
Surtees Robert, smith. Teams 
Surtees Eobert, beer retail er&smith, Teams 
Sutherland Eobt. E.N. Collingwood-terrace 
Swaby Eichd. general merchant, and paint 
manufacturer; paint and colour works, 
New Chatham; ho. 1, Cotfield-terrace, 
Bensham 
Swalwell Benjamin, bootmaker, Sheriff Hill 
Swan Elizb. post mistress. High Felling 
Swan Geo. eating house keeper,Bottle-bank 
Swan James, farmer, Lamesley 
Swan Eichd. vict. Sivan Inn, Winlaton 
Swinburne Joseph Willis, sohcitor, clerk to 
Commissioners of Taxes for Chester, 
Ward, clerk to Trustees of Durham ancl 
Tyne Bridge Eoad, High Level- s treet ; 
ho. West-street 

TALBOT Wm.cabinet maker, Windmill-hla 
Tate & Brown, stone mrchts. Heworth-lane 
Tate Geo. vict. Ship Inn, South Shore 
Tate James, road contractor, Cobden-ter 
Tate Eobert, stone merchant, (Tate and 

Brown) ; ho. Heworth-lane 
Tate Thos. road contractor, Cobden-terrace 
Taylor Al^xr. provision dealer, Teams 
Taylor Daniel, vict. Masons' Arms Inn, 

Bill Quay 
Taylor Josph.vict.i?Za^(io?iA^6wl7i?z,Blaydon 
Taylor Joseph, cart proprietor, Nuns'-lane 
Taylor Joseph, millwright. Windmill-hills; 

ho. 1, Prospect-terrace 
Taylor Joseph, qnarryman, 22, Jackson-st 
Taylor Matthew, brewer and malster, Swal- 
well and Dunstou ; ho. Whickham 
Taylor Thomas, farmer, Dockendale Hall, 

Whickham 
Taylor Willam, miller, Hood's Mill, Wind- 
mill-hills 
Teasdale John, cooper, 11, Bridge sti'eet 

ho. Church-street 
Teasley Margaret, dressmaker, Ocean-terr 
Tempest Elizabeth, provision dealer, St. 
Edmund's-place 



41^ 



GATESiiEAD AND DISTRICT DIRECTORY. 



Temple Josepi, teacher, Dun Cow-yard, 

High-street; ho. Walker-terrace 
Ttnch John, provision dealer and draper, 

Winlaton 
Tench Wm. grocer and draper, Blaydon 
Thatcher Anthony, glass manuftr. Blaydon 
Thew Roger, colliery viewer. Friar's Goose 
Thirlaway John, farmer and vict. Lamesley 
Thirlaway Robert, agent to Leith Steam 

Packet Co. 4, King William-street 
Thompson Andrew, butcher and farmer. 

High Felling 
Thompson Andrew, farmer, Can-'s Hill 
Thompson Andrew, engine &c. manuftr. 

(G. C. & A. Thompson); ho. Winlaton 
Thompson Ben. J. agent, Mount Greenwich 
ThompsonBrothers, iron manufacturers, &c. 

Dunston and Winlaton 
Thompson Christopher, provision dealer 

and beer retailer, Nun's-lane 
Thompson Cuthbert, engine &c. manuftr. 

(G. C. & A. Thompson) ; ho. Winlaton 
Thompson G. C. & A. engine, nail, chain, 
patent ring, hinge, &c. manufacturers, 
Winlaton & Dunston 
Thompson Geo. jun. manager, ho. Winlaton 
Thompson Geo. beer retailer, LowBensham 
Thompson Geo. jun. agent, Dunston 
Thompson John, engineer, Marley-hill 
Thompson John, agent, Melbourne-street 
Thompson John, vict. Dun Cow Inn, Cow-hill 
Thompson John, provision dealer, Blaydon 
Thompson John,hootmaker, Windmill-hills 
Thompson John, butcher. Sheriff-hill 
Thompson John, gentleman, 13, Bloom- 
field-terrace 
Thompson John, provision dlr. Bottle-bank 
Thompson John, superintendent of Chester 
division Durliam County Police, and 
inspector of weights & measures, County 
Police Station, Gateshead 
Thompson Joseph, prov. dlr. High Felling 
Thompson Mark, mas. mar. Freeman's- ter 
Thompson Mary, provision dlr. Hebburn 
Thompson Matthew, architect, West-street 
Thompson Mrs. provision dealer, Sun-st 
Thompson Thos. spirit merchant, Mount- 
pleasant 
Thompson Thomas, bootmaker, and beer 

retailer. Ravensworth-ten-ace 
Thompson Wm. pipe manufr. 22, Bottle-bk 
Thompson Wm. watchmaker, 74, High-st; 

ho. 12, Nun's-lane 
Thompson Wm. L. currier, 16, Bottle-bank; 

ho. 17, Charles-street 
Thompson William, commercial traveller 
Mount-pleasant 



Thompson Wm. boatbuilder (Dobson and 

Thompson); ho. South Shore 
Thornhill John, librarian to Newcastle 

Literary and Philosophical Society, 5, 

Mulgrave-terrace 
Thynn Ann, provision dealer, Oakwell-gate 
Timney Charles, beer retailer, High Felling 
Tindale John, agent, 12, Jackson-street 
Tinkler Geo. beer retailer, 40, Melbourne-st 
Tinn Mr. John, Bensham 
Tire Ann, dealer in sundries. Low Fell 
Todd Joseph, lemonade and soda water 

manufacturer, Smith's-yard, Bottle -bank 
Train EHas, provision dealer, Low Felling 
Trotter Edward, vict. Cock and Anchor Inn, 

11, Canuon-sti'eet 
TuckerIsaac,vict.FoM?ifat7il7in,Pipewellgate 
Tucker Thomas and Son, brass founders, 

Pipewell-gate 
Tucker Thos. brassfounder and pipe maker 

(T. Tucker and Son) ; ho. Pipewell-gate 
Tully Henry, \\iUam IV. Low Fell 
Turnbnll Adam, Low Felling 
Turnbull Dennis, surgeon-dentist and med- 
ical-botanist, 92, High-street 
Turnbull Isaac, butcher, Low Felling 
Turnbull John, tailor, 17, High-street 
Turnbull Mary, milliner, 17, High -street 
Turnbull Wm. cheese factor, 3, High-street 
Turnbull Wm. cowkeeper. High-street 
Tyson James,provision dealer,20,Yictoria-st 

UNSWORTH J. N. clerk, 32, High-street 
Urwin Robt. butcher, 226, High-street, and 
Collin gwood-ter; ho. Colliugwood-terrace 
Urwin Thomas, provision dealer, Blaydon 
Usher John, agent, 13, Woodbine-terrace 
Usher John, registrar of marriages for the 
Gateshead district, assistant overseer, 
and rate collector; office, West-street; 
ho. 7, Woodbine-terrace 
Usher Miles, coal merchant. Half Moon- 
lane ; ho. Whickham 

VALENTINE Benjamin, master mariner, 

9, Ellison-street 
Yeitch Anthony M. vict. Three Tuns Inn, 

Pipewell-gate 
Vickers John, grocer, Newcastle ; ho. 26, 

West-street 
Vint James (Tyne Paper Mill) ; ho. London 

WADE Edward, brick and tile manufac- 
turer, He worth Shore ; ho. Low Felling 

Wade Thomas, marine store dealer, 
Heworth Shore 

Wailes Anthony, butcher, Winlaton 



GATESHEAD AND DISTRICT DIRECTORY. 



413 



Wakefield Edwin, watchmaker, 78, Higli- 

street ; ho. Park-street 
Wakefield Eleanor, vict. Nags' Head Inn, 

93, High-sti-eet 
Waldie Robt. beerhouse, Eabbit Banks 
Wales George, agent ; ho. Norwood 
Walker Forster, builder. West-street; ho. 

Walker-Tilla, Lony Fell 
Walker George, builder & timber merchant, 

Blaydon 
Walker Henry, gentleman, 13, Claremont-pl 
Walker James, gentleman, Low Fell 
Walker R. tailor, Winlaton 
Walker Piobert, manager to T. Burnett & 

Sons, Bill Quay 
Walker Eobert, tailor, Winlaton 
AValker & Snowball, brick and tile man- 
ufacturers, Pipewell-gate 
Walker Thos. agent, Blaydon-burn 
Walker Wm. manager to Commercial Bank, 

5, Walker-terrace 
Wallace William, clerk, St. Edmund's place 
Walmsley Eliza, school, Melbourne-street 
Walmsley Emanuel, gentleman, 45, Mel- 
bourne-street 
Walters Miss Catherine, Whickham 
Walters Ptalph, Esq. Saltwell-villa 
Walton Thos. draper, 1, St. Cutbbert's-ter 
Wann Wm. hairdresser, Low Felling 
Ward Thos. importer of German goods, 

170, High-st ; ho. Jackson-street 
Ward Wm.^dct. GreenTreeInn,Yel\mg^hoYe 
Wardell Piev. Henry, M.A.. r<?ctor, Winlaton 
Warden Eobt. register ofiice for servants, 

193, High-street 
Wardle George, farmer, W"hickham 
Wardman Thos. glue manufacturer. Pipe- 
well-gate; ho. Windmill-hills 
Waters Edward, gentlemen, Windmill-hills 
Waters Eichard, teacher, Blaydon 
Watson George, bookseller, 35, Bottle-bank 
Watson Henry, prov. dealer. Low Felling 
Wq,tsou Mrs. Isabella, Heworth 
Watson James, pipemaker, Pipewell-gate 
Watson John, gentleman. Low Felling 
Watson Joseph, tailor, Heworth-lane 
Watson the Misses, Eachel and Maria, 

High Felling 

Watson E. L. firebrick manuftr. (Southerns 

& Watson); ho.Leazes-terrace,Newcastle 

Watson Thos. gentlemen, 8,Eavensworth-ter 

Watson Thomas Carrick, agent for H. L. 

Pattinson & Co. Heworth Lodge 
Watson Wm. gunpowder agent, 1, High 

West-street 
Watson Wm. junr. grocer,32,Bridge-street ; 
ho. High West-street 



Watson Wm. vict. Nag's Head Inn, and 

master mariner, Swalwell 
Watson Wm. chain & nail maker, Winlaton 
Watson Wm. provision dealer, Bensham 
Watson Wm. bookseller, 17, Swinburne-pl 
Weatherley Martha, provision dlr. Low Fell 
Weatherley Thos. butcher. Low Fell 
Weatherston Andw.prov. dlr. Trinity-street 
Webster George, clerk at Central Station ; 

ho. Liddelt-terrace 
Webster George, gentleman, Liddle-terrace 
Wedle John, butcher &c. 1, Bottle-bank 
Welch Elizb, dressmaker, 5, Lambton-ter 
Welch Miss Jane, 1, Lambton-terrace 
Welch Eobt. market gardnr. Low Bensham 
Welford Mrs. Hannah, 3, Mulgrave-ter 
Welt<m Mrs. Ann, Ellison-street 
Wheatley Parmella, butcher, 30, Bridge-st. 

and 44, Quayside, Newcastle 
White John, teacher, 5, IMulgrave-terrace 
White Wm. provision dealer. Town-street 
Whitfield Belt, miller, Blaydon Burn 
Whitfield Jas. A. shipsmith, Pelaw Main 
Whitfield J. clog plate maker, Winlaton 
Whitfield John, provision dealer, Winlaton 
Wlntfield Joseph, cutler, West-street ; ho. 

Windmill hills 
Whitfield William, shipsmith, &c. South 

Shore; ho. Garden-street 
Whitworth Wm. marine store dealer. High- 
street; ho. Mount Pleasant 
Whitworth William, tailor, Burney-villas 
Wigham Alice, hosier, 176, High-street 
Wilkie Eobert, vict. Grindstone Tavern, 

Felling Shore 
Wilkin Mrs. Isabella, 7, High West-street 
Wilkin Joseph, farmer. Low Fell 
Wilkins WiUiam, agent, Brunswick-street 
Wilkinson Geo. prov. dlr. Salt Meadows 
Wilkinson Henry, vict. Honey sucJde Hotel, 

Woodbine-terrace 
Wilkinson Henry A. agent, 1 1, Claremont-pl 
Wilkinson Jas. gentleman, Duston Cottage 
Wilkinson John, provision dealer and cart 

proprietor, Easton-street 
Wilkinson Eobson, clerk, Burney-villas 
Wilkinson Wm. hairdresser, 7, Church-st 
Wilkinson WiUiam, joiner and provision 

dealer. Low Felling 
Williamson Mary, dressmkr. Cramer-dykes 
Williamson William, clerk, Cramer-dykes 
Willis Eobert, boarding-house, 40, High-st 
Willshire George F. A. vict. & postmaster, 

Wheat Sheaf Inn, Heworth 
Wilmot William, bootmaker, Hill-street; 

ho. 2, Victoria-street 
Wilson Elizb. prov. dlr. Low Bensham 



414 



GATESHEAD AND DISTEICT DIRECTORY. 



Wilson Bates, blacksmith, 231, Higli-st; 

ho. Windmill-hills 
Wilson Charles, coach proprietor, 19, Mel- 
bourne-street 
Wilson Geo. coal tar mnfr. Heworth Shore 
"Wilson Hugh, academy, Eomulus -terrace 
Wilson Isab. dealer in sundries, Jackson- 
street 
Wilson James, jun. worsted &c, manufactr. 
(J. Wilson & Sons) ; ho. Hood's-build- 
ings, Windmill-hills 
Wilson James, sen. worsted &c. manufactr. 

(J. Wilson & Sons); ho. Cramer-dykes 
Wilson James & Sons, worsted mnfrs. and 

fellmongers, 1 1 and 12, Hillgate 
W^ilson James, beerhouse and provision 

dealer, Blaydon 
Wilson Jeremiah, watchmaker, 221, High- 

st; ho. 37, Melbourne-street 
Wilson John, bootmaker, Felling Shore 
Wilson John, builder, 26, West-street 
Wilson John, dealer in sundries. Bill Quay 
Wilson John, worsted &c. mnfr. (J. Wilson 

& Sons); ho. Hillgate 
Wilson Eobert H. surgeon, 4, Melbom-ne-st 
Wilson Thos.iron manufacturer, Fell House 
Wilson William, boatbuilder, Dunston 
Wilson Wm. leather cutter, 192, High-st 
Wind Henry S. chemist, &c. 186, High-st 
Wind George, prov. dlr. 51, High-street 
Winder Wra. W. cabinet-maker, Wrekenton 
Wingaard Mrs. Carr's Hill 
Winn Jane, vict. Board Inn, Bill Quay 
Winship Lionel, custom-house officer, 17, 

Raven sworth-terrace 
Winter Joseph, provision dealer, 35, High- 
street ; ho. Nelson-street 
Winter Margaret, vict. Ship Inn, Bill Quay 
Wifitrip John, vict. Sea Lion Inn, Blaydon 
Wintrip W. & J. flint millers, Blaydon-burn 
Wood Chas. boot &shoe rakr. High Felhng 
Wood Geo. bootmaker, Mulgrave-terrace 



Wood Gilpatrick, veterinary surgeon and 

horseshoer. West-street; ho. 11, High-st 

Wood Rev. J. (Independent), High Felling 

Wood Lucy, provision dealer, 225, High-st; 

ho, 26, Melbourne-street 
Wood Robt. shoemaker. High Felling 
Wood & Palmer, colliery owners, Wrekenton, 

and at Quay, Newcastle 
Woof George Leighton, fire brick man- 
ufacturers. Felling Shore 
Woof P. saddlers' ironmngr. 22, Bottle-bank 
Woolston John, provision dealer, 39, High- 
street, and at Church-walk 
Woolston Joseph, butcher & provision dh\ 

40, High-street, and at Trinity-street 
Wright Ann, vict. Crown and Thistle Imiy 

Pipewell-gate 
Wright George, agent, Blaydon 
Wright James, tailor, Hebburn 
Wright Thomas, butcher. High-street 
Wright Thomas, gardener, Heworth 
Wrixon Wm. comrcl. traveller, Regent-st 
Wyatt John, clerk. Bank of England, 2, 

Claremont-place 
W^dam Ralph, wine and spirit merchant, 

21, West-street 
Wylam Steam Fuel Company (Lessees of), 

Salt Meadows ; Jas. Gordon, manager 
Wylam William, Claremont-place 

YARROW William, farmer. Low Fell 
Young John, butcher, Fow Fell 
Young John, prov. dealer. 2, Grosvenor-st 
Young John, vict. Raihvay Inn, Blaydon 
Young Mrs. Martha, 39, Ellison-street 
Y^oung Richard, builder, 200, High-street 
Young Richard, flour and seed dealer, 22, 

High-street ; ho. 5, Woodbine-terrace 
Young Thomas, bootmaker. Park-street 
Young Thomas, hairdresser. High-street 
Young Thomas, provision dealer, Winlaton 
Younger Ann, lodgings, Whickham 



CLASSIFICATION 



TRADES, PROFESSIONS, &c. 



Academies and Schools 

Anchorage School, Saint 

Mary's Church -yard; Kev. 

Wilhara Bennett, master 
Ayre Margt. 1, Union-place 
Bennett Ehza, Romuh;s-ter 
Burn Joseph, Winlaton 
Chukch School, Dunston ; 

Joseph Atkinson, master 
Church School, Heworth; 

William Arthur, master 
Elllson Infant School, 

High-street; Martha Carr, 

teacher 
Fenwick J. 12,Bloomfield-ter 
Ferry Susan, Union-row 
Hall William, Windy Nook 
Henderson Jno. Windy Nook 
Hutchinson Mary, Peareth- 

place 
Infant School, Bethesda 

Chapel ; Miss J. Eadcliffe, 

teacher 
Marshall Agnes, 3,Fenwick-tr 
Martin Joseph, Dunston 
National School, Blaydon; 

Mr. Moses, teacher 
National Schools, Ellison- 
terrace; W. Clifford & Miss 

Clifford, teachers 
Ord Mary, ladies', Hood's vil 
Primitive Methodist 

School, Blaydon; E. 

Waters, master 
Public School, Low Fell, 

George Peirson, teacher 
Eichardson W.R. Cobden-ter 



Eutherford T.J. Mulgrave-ter 
Snaith Joseph, Winlaton 
Smith J. F. Melbourne-st 
Temple J. Dun Cow-yard, 

High-street 
Thompson Jno. Bottle-bank 
Thompson Miss, ladies, Win- 
laton 
Upper Ellison School, 
High-st ; J. Cranston, tchr 
Walrasley E. Melbourne-pl 
Wesleyan Methodist 
School, Church-walk; J. 
Tlwmpson, master 
Wesleyan Methodist 
School, Ellison-sq.; Eliza- 
beth A. Sankey, teacher 
White J. 5, Mulgrave-terrace 
Wilson H. 4, Eomulus-ter 

Agents— Commision, &c 

Bertram Charles, 10, West-st 
Crawford J. Jackson-street 
Halliday T. Nelson-street 
Murray Eobt. 18, West-street 
Eankin J. house, 11, Lamb- 
ton-terrace 
Watson W. senr. gunpowder, 
High West-street 

Anchor Manufacturers 

Abbot J. & Co. Gateshead 
Park Works 

Crowley, Millington, & Co. 
Teams Iron Works & Win- 
laton Mill 

Forster S. Eedheugh 

Gelley J. & Co. Felling Shore 



Hall E. & Co. Blaydon 
Hawks, Crawshay, & Sons, 

South Shore 
Eobson E. & Co. Swalwell 
Spencer J. & M. Swalwell 
Whittield Wm. South Shore 

Auctioneers 
Becknell W. H. 3, Pipewell- 

gate 
Neilson T. Bridge-end 

Bakers 
Atchison A. 9, Bridge-street 
Hopper J. 108, High-street 
Kelly Edward, Hill gate 
Linsley W. Pipewellgate 
Maudling Geo. Oakwell-gate 
Mercer S. Mulgrave-terrace 
Young Eichard, 22, High-st 

Basket Makers 
Harrison J. & H. 15, High- 
street and at Newcastle 
Murphy A. Dunston 

Boat Builders 

Dohson&Thompson,S. Shore 
Maddison Eobert, Bill Quay 
Morris J. & D. Pelaw Main 
Wilson W. Dunston 

Bone Manure Manufacturers 
Blaydon Chemical Co.; G. 

Eichardson, mang. pai'tner 
Simms J. and charcoal and 

coal dust manufacturer, 

Nuu's-lane 



416 



GATESHEAD AND DISTEICT 



Booksellers and Stationers 

Chambers J, 52, High-street, 

and at Newcastle 
Jackson T.Oakwell-gate 
Kelly H. 227, High-street 
Shivers, George C4, High- 
street 
Watson G. and circulating 

library, 37, Bottle-bank 
Wilkinson W. 7, Church-st 

Boot and Shoemakers 

Arnison J. 6, Jackson-street 
Barnes H. Bill Quay 
Blakey J. Bottle-bank, and at 

Newcastle 
Blankley J. 14, Brunswick-ter 
Brown J. 15, Charles-street 
Brown John, Wrekenton 
BrownlessW, Oakwell-gate 
Clarkson J. Union-lane 
Crow J. 19, Church-street 
Dodd N. Winlaton 
Elliott WiUiam, Low FeUing 
Fairclough J. Grosveuor-st 
Gaddes J. 5, Bottle-bank 
Graham Ptobt. High Felling 
Graham John, Wii^laton 
Guthrie K. 5, Cannon-street 
Hedley E. 109, High-street 
Jackson J. Ellison-square 
Keeler Geo. Sheriff Hill 
King Eobert, Low Fell 
Kirkley J. Eiddell -street 
Lumley E. Windmill-hills 
Magee J. Grahamsley-street 
Mowbray Geo. Wrekenton 
Nelson John, Eidley-street 
Eand W. Lambton-street 
Eichardson W. 185, High-st 
Eichardson S. Sheriff Hill 
Kobson T. Borough Mill-yd. 

Windmill-hills 
Eutherford J. Blaydon 
Scaiff John, Mount Pleasant 
Smith T. Ellison-square 
Spence T. Victoria-street 
Stephenson E, Low Fell 
SwalwellB. Sheriff Hill 
Thompson T. Eavensworth- 

terrace 
Wilmoi W. Hill-street 
Wood Charles, High Felling 
Wood G. Mulgrave-terrace 
Wood E. High Felling 
Young T. Park-street 



Brass Founders 

Abbott J. & Co. Gateshead 

Park works 
ElliottGeorge, 16, High street 
Faddy J. and fitter, Heworth 

Shore 
Hawdon W. G. Blaydon 
Tucker T. & Son, & finishers, 

Pipewell-gate 

Brewers 
BaiTas J. & Co. 20i, High-st 
Belt E. Winlaton 
Brinton George, Black Bull 
Commercial Inn, 8, High- 
street 
Cook W. 29, Bridge-street 
Humble & Cox, Ellison-st 
Parker J. & Co. Stella 
Penman J. & Co. Dunston 
Scott J. & Son, 13, Bridge-st 
Smith A. Winlaton 
Smith J. & malster, Winlaton 
Stobbs & Go. 22-i, High-st 
Taylor M. Swalwell and 
Dunston 

Brick & Tile Manufacturers 

Burnup J. & W. Teams 
LucasAbuer,Dunston; house, 

Egerton-banks 
Pearson C. J. Bensham 
Southerns & Watson, Tyne 

Firebrick Works 
Wade E. Heworth Shore 
Walker & Snowball, Pipe- 
well-gate 

Builders 

Alexander William, Heworth 

Shore 
Birtley J. 9, William-street 
Bolam Charles, East-street 
Bow'man T. and agent for 

the Eulwell Lime Co. ; 

ho. 53, High-street 
Bruce E. Ship-yard, 74,High- 

street 
Dawson Wm. Low Felling 
Dobson J. Bensham-bank 
Dunn M. Church-walk 
Dunn M. sen. Ellison-terrace 
Hutchinson WilHam, Low 

Felling 
Lister J, Park-street 
Mattison E. West-street 
Patterson Q, Bottle-bank 



Pearson C. J, 194, High-st 
Pearson J. John's-place 
Eobinson M.Mount-pleasant 
Eogerson Phihp, Wrekenton 
Stephenson Jas. Sheriff Hill 
Smith T. High-street 
Walker F. West street 
Walker W. St. Edmund' s-pl 
Wilson J. 26, West-street 
Young E. 200, High street 

Butchers 
Anderson E. High Felling 
Arkle J. 186, High-street 
Armstrong H. Winlaton 
Bagnal John, Winlaton 
Boyd John, Blavdon 
Blagburn J. 196^, High-street 
Brown J. 196, High-street 
Brown E, S. 1, Church -street 
Bruce E. Swalwell 
Charleton J. Blaydon 
Coulson F. Bottle-bank 
Coxon J. Cromwell-street 
Crimson J. 41, High-street 
Cummin gs E. 32, High-st 
Davidson George, Low F 11 
Dobson E. 27, Bridge-street 
Eiston William, Blaydon 
English Elizb. Salt-meadows 
Fairs J. 185, High-street 
Gibson Thos. 34^High-street 
Gordon M. Low Fell 
Hall Thomas, 34, High-st 
Harrison W. 72, High-street 
Hedley G. 210, High-street 
Henderson Thos. 30, Bottle- 
bank 
Hodgson W. 6, Bottle-bank 
Hornsby W. 66, High-street 
Humphrey W. Salt-meadows 
Innes C. 178, High-steeet 
Iveson T. Heworth Shore 
Jamison Jno. 87, High-street 
Jamison Eobert, 86, Higli-st 
Jeavens Eobert, Winlaton 
Jobson Eobert, 26, Bridge-st 
Johnson E. Pipewell-gate 
Johnson E. Pipewell-gate 
MaughanG. 52,Melbourne-st 
Maughan J. 7. Bottle-bank 
March J. Blavdon 
Milner G. Windmill-hills 
Morris Wm. Windy Nook 
Patterson C. Eavensworth- 

terrace 
Parker J. Blaydon 



CLASSIFIED DIEECTOEY. 



417 



"EutdheTS—Conimued,, 
Perkins J. 25, High-street 
Pearson Wm. Low Felling 
Proud G-. Eiolimond's-place 
Eailton J. 208, High-street 
Richardson J. Mulgrave-ter 
Eippon C. P. 28, Bridge-st 
Robinson J. ] 2, Bridge-street 
Pioutledge R. 3, Muigrave- 

terrace 
Soott John, Sheriff Hill 
Scott J. Pelling Shore 
Scott E. Bill Quay 
Simm T. 141, High-street 
Snaith C. 2, Bottle-bank 
Smith P. 23, Bottle-bank 
Snowball J. Hill-street 
Stephenson C. l0l-2,High-st 
Stephenson George, Low Fell 
Stephenson Jno.HighFelling 
Stepenson Wni. Slieriff Hill 
Stobbs Margt. 100, High-st 
Snmmerhill P. Brnnswick-st 
Thompson A. High Felling 
Thompson John, Sheriff Hill 
Turubull Isaac, Low Felling 
Urwin R. 226, High-street, 

and at Collin gwood-terrace 
Weddle J. 1, Bottle-bank 
Wheatle.yP.30, Bridge -street, 

and at Newcastle 
"Weatherley Thos. Low Fell 
Woolston J. 40, High-street, 

and at Trinity-street 
Young J. Low Fell 

Cabinet Makers 
BroTvn T. 8, Grosvenor-st 
Fittes Edward,Heworth-]ane 
Hedley and Burn, 16, High- 
street 
Hewitt J. 45, High-street 
Henderson J.Mount-pleasant 
Hudspeth J, 16, High-street 
Kennon M. Wrekenton 
Porter Ralph, High Felling 
Redhead R. Heworth Shore 
Richardson T. Winlaton 
Sanderson E. Bottle-bank 
Small D. Dun Cow-yard, 

High-street 
Talbot W. Windmill-hills 
Walker F. West-street 
Walker George,Bl ay don-burn 
Winder William, Wrekenton 
Young R. AVest-street 



Cart Proprietors 
Atkinson E. High-street 
Newton T. Hillgate 
Taylor J. Nuns'-lane 

Cartwrights 

Bailes William, Low Felling 
Brown J. coachwheel maker, 

Brandling-street 
Grey J. Durham Eoad end, 

High -street 
HandsomeWm.Oakwell-gate 
Hutchinson William, Low 

Felhng 
Lee John, Hood's-buildings, 

Windmill-hill 
Sobers W. High-street 
Eichenson T. Winlaton 

Chain and Chain Gable 

Manufacturers 
Abbot J. & Co. Gateshead 

Park Works 
Bagnall E. S. Son & Co. 

Winlaton 
Bourn G. & Co. Winlaton 
Boyd H. P. Winlaton 
Chambers E. Winlaton 
Clementson G. Hillgate 
CoAvan J. Winlaton 
Forster S. Eedheugh 
Gelley J.& Co. Felling Shore 
Haggle, Bros. South Shore 
HaflE. Blaydon 
Hall E. & Co. Blaydon 
Hawks, Crawshay, and Sons, 

South Shore 
Laycock E. J. & E. Winlaton 

and at Stella 
Miller James, Winlaton 
Miller Thomas, Winlaton 
Parker Jane, Winlaton 
Eenwick J. & Sons,Winlaton 
Eobson E. & Co. Swalwell 
Spencer P. & M. Swalwell 
Thompson G. C. and A. 

Winlaton 
Whitfield J.A. ship's wenches 

&c. Pelaw-staith 
Whitfield WilHam, South 

Shore 
Woof P. Bottle -bank 

Charcoal Manufacturers 
Murray T. Swalwell 
Sims J. Nun's-Iane 
3 c 



Cheesemongers 
Idle B. 27, High-street 
ProbertH. l'J8, High-street 
EobinsonJ.W.15,Bottle-bank 
Ridley Aaron, 34, Bridge-st 
Rowe T. 21!J, High-street 
TurnbullWiniam, 8, High-st 

Chemists and Druggists 
Adshead C. L. Wrekenton 
Bell J. 21, Bottle-bank 
Clement R. Low Fell 
Clement W. 173, High-street 
Coleman J. 7, Bridge-street 
Fawcett J. 214, High-street 
Garbutt C. & Son, 20, and 21, 

Bridge-street 
GreenvYellW. C. 185, High-st 
Kendall J. 40, High-street 
Monro H. L. importer of 

Dutch and German yeast, 

20, High-street 
Wind H. S. 186, Fligh-street 

Chemists, Manufacturing 

Allhusen C. & Co. . alkali, 
South Shore 

Anderson John & Co. Pipe- 
well -gate 

ArmstrongG. Heworth Shore 

BLAYDONCHEMICALCo.SUper- 

phosphate of lime, Blay- 
don-staith 

Bramwell T. & Co. prussiate 
of potass, blues, &c. He- 
worth Shore 

Burnett T. & Sons,, alkali, 
Dunston and Bill Quay 

Cook, Brothers, soda, alkali, 
ttc.Union ChemicalWorks, 
Bill Quay, 

CooksonW.J.cL' Co.PipewU-gt 

Gray & Crow, alkali. Friar's 
Goose 

Hoyle, Robson, & 'Co. dis- 
tillers of tar & turpentine, 
Bill Quay 

Imeary, R. alkali, Heworth 
Shore 

Murray N. naptha, Swalwell 

Pattinson H. L. & Co. soda, 
alum, etc. Felling Chemi- 
cal WorivS 

Ramsay G. H. manure, 
Derwenthangh 

Myers & Co. Duu.ston 



418 



GATESHEAD AND DISTRICT 



Chemists— Contbmed. 
Wilson Gr. coal tar, Heworth 
Shore 

Coach Proprietors 

Snowdon Jos. Sun Inn Yard 
Wilson C. 19, Melbourne-st 

Coal Owners and Merchants 
Andrew W. High-street 
Bowes J. and Co. Norwood 

Colliery 
Carr & Co. Low Felling 
ClarkWilliam, Half Moon-ln 
Cowan J.& Co. Blaydon-bum 
Easton T. & Co. Oakwell-gt 

and Hehburn collieries 
Hunter Gr. Elm-park; coal 

depot, Half Moon-lane 
Lamb J. Axwell-park 
Losh, WilUam, & Co. Friar's 

Goose Colliery 
Neilson T. Half Moon-lane 
Pearson J. B. and Partners, 

Heworth-colliery 
Eamsay G. H, & cannel coal, 

B lay don -main 
Eobson T. S. Half Moon-ln 
Usher M. Half Moon-lane 
Wood and Palmer, Spring- 
well- colliery, Geo. Wales, 

agent. 

Coke Manufacturers 

Allhusen G. and Co. Salt 

Meadows 
Hoyle K. Friar's Goose 
Potter A. L. Blaydon-heugh 
Ptamsay G. H. Dunston 

Colour Manufacturers 
Cookson W. L and Co. New 

Chatham; office, Close, 

Newcastle 
Hoyle, Eobson&Co.Bill Quay 
Swaby Eichard, and paints; 

works. New Chatham 

Confectioners 

Adamson Eleanor & Matilda, 

Half Moon-lane 
Atchison A. 9, Bridge-street 
AtkinsonW. 138, High-street 
Dingwall W. 27, Bottle-bank 
Howe W. 97, High-street 
Ormston Elizb. 40, High-st 
Turnbull Denis, 72, High-st 



Coopers 

Brown H. and brush dealer, 
Eailway-bridge,200, High- 
street 
Gray AYilliam, Dunston 
Harrison J. and H. 15, High 

street, and at Newcastle 
Eedley Joseph, Dunston 
Teasdale J. 11, Bridge-street 

Curriers and Leather Cutters 

Boyd George, 12, West street 
Johnson T. '5, Bottle-bank 
Kelly E. 77, High-street 
Thompson William L. 16, 

Bottle -bank 
Wilson W. 192, High-street 

Drapers— Linen and "Woollen 

Clark F. 16, Bridge-street 
Dixon Charles, 27 and 28, 

Bottle-bank 
French William, Blavdon 
lonn F. P. 213, High-street, 

and 1, Hill-street 
Jackson John, 1, Bridge-st 
Nixon J. and Son, 80 and 81, 

High-street 
Osborne and Harrison, 10, 

Bridge-street 
Eobson J. andW. 13, High-st 
Snowball W. 17, Bottle-bank 

Dressmakers 

Henderson Margt.l6, High-st 
Hunter Esther, Lambton-st 
Lewis Mary Ann, St. Ed- 

mund's-place 
Eanson A. A. 2, Ellison-st 
Eichardson Ameha, High-st 
Smith Elnr. 5, Lambton-ter 
Welsh Ehzb. 5, Lambton-ter 
Williamson My.Cramerdykes 

Dyers 

Atkinson T. G. 22, Church-st 
Eobson E. 16, Mulgrave-ter 

Earthenware Manufacturers 

and Dealers 
Atkinson and Buston,dealers 
in china & glass, I, High-st 
Gibson Alexander, High-st 
Kendal M. Carr's Hill 
Patterson G. Sheriff Hifl 



Powell J. dh-. 120-1, High-st 
Shivers George, High-street 

Eating-House Keepers 

Swan G. Bottle-bank 
Ward Dorothy, Pipewell-gate 

Engine and Boiler Builders 

Bulcraig T. Hillgate 
Coulthard E. Quarry-field 
Hawdon W. G. Blaydon 
Noble J. Heworth-shore 
Eobson J. Black wall 
Thompson G. G. and A. 
Winlaton 

Fire and Life Offices 

Albion, Life, W. Chfford, 40, 
Ellison-street 

Atlas, Fire and Life, John 
Hunter, Bridge-street 

City or Glasgow, Life, Geo. 
Armstrong, Bridge-street 

Law, Fiee, Geo. Armstrong, 
Bridge-street 

Mutual, Life, Geo. Watson, 
Bottle-bank 

Sovereign, Life, S. C. Din- 
ning, ISlewcastle ; ho. 
Winlaton 

Yorkshire, Fire and Life, 
J. Clephan, 6, Catherine- 
terrace 

Fire Brick Manufacturers 

Call E. South Shore 

Carr W. C. Blaydon 

Cowan J. and Co. Blaydon- 
burn 

Hannington G. and Co. i 
Axwell Park fire brick I 
works, SwalweU ' 

HarrimanW. Blaydon-heugh 
and Bell's -close 

Eamsay G. H. gas retorts and 
sanitary pipe, Swalwell 

Eichardson J. H. Eabbit-bks 

Southems&Watson,Dunston 

Snowball James, Stourbridge; 
ho. CoUingwood-terrace 

Wade E. and crucible, He- 
worth Shore 

Woof G. L. Felling Shore 

Fishmongers 
Hall W. 188, High-street 



CLASSIFIED DIEECTOEY. 



419 



Fislimongers— Continued. 
Kockett W. and game dealer, 
38, Bottle-bank 

Flour Dealers 
Carlisle Jane, 68, High-street 
Davison E. 37, High-street 
Freeman E. Windmill-hills 
Hopper J. 103, High-street 
Ormston Ehzb. 46, High-st 
Eeay Ehzb.Foot of EUison-st 
Eobertson J. 13, Jackson-st 
Shafto Thos. H. 223, High-st 
Sill T. 194, High-street 
Simpson S. Wrekenton 
Young E. 22, High-street 

Fruiterers 

Brown Sarah, 3, High-street 
Edgar J. 209, High street 
Garth G. 61, High-street 
Hedley J. and confectioner, 

62, High-street 
Maughan J. & confectioner, 

34, Bottle-bank 
Punshon G. & confectioner, 

24, Bottle-bank 
Stirling Jane, 211, High-st 
Wilson J. 74, High-street 

Furniture Brokers 

Brooks J. 168, High-street 
Hewitt J. 45, High-street 
HoggettE. 169, High -street 
Howie W. 182, High-street 
Lister Eleanor, 36, High-st 
MulHgan J. 41, Church-st 

Gardeners 

Coulson G. Cramer-dykes 
Ferguson D. Bensham 
Eenwick E. Bensham 
Ei chard son T. Bensham 
Welch E. Bensham 

Gas Retort Manufacturer 
Earasay G. H. Swalwell 

Glass Manufacturers 

Elliott A. Co. Carr's Hill 
Executors of J. Price (Dur- 
ham Glass works). Pipe- 
well-gate, Thomas Gibson, 
manager 
Gray E. bottle, Pipewell-gate 



Neville S. & Co. Ellison 
Glass Works, East-street 

Eichards James, bottle, Bill 
Quay 

Sowerby J. flint, New Stour- 
bridge 

Thatcher A. bottle, Blaydon 

Glue Manufacturers 
Prockter B. J. Pipewell-gate 
Wardman T. Pipewell-gate 

Grease & Oil Manufacturer 

Swaby Eichard, & paints & 
colours; works, New Chat- 
ham 

Grocers and Tea Dealers 

Atkin W. 181, High-street 
Atkinson T. 18, Bridge-street 
Blenkinsop J. 12, Bridge-st 
Debenham Alfred, 4, Bridge- 
street 
Dunn H. 26, Bottle-bank 
Fittes E. & Co. 10, High-st 

and at Newcastle 
Greene J. & Sons, 4, 5, and 

6, High -street 
Harvey W. 178, High- street 
Hopper J. 103, High-street 
Howe W. 97, High-street 
Hutchinson W. 9, High-st 
Probert H. 198, High-street 
Simpson S. Wrekenton 
Stobbs & Co. 224, High-st 
Watson W. jun. 32, Bridge- 
street 

Grocery & Provision Dealers 
Allan Hannah, Pipewell-gate 
Allan H. Grahamsley-street 
Allen E. & Co. Easton's-ct 
Anderson G, Chapel-street 
Appleby T. Grosvenor-street 
Armstrong J. Swalwell 
Armstrong J. High Felling 
Armstrong M. Winlaton 
Atkinson J. 29, High-street 
Atkinson Eichard William, 

Dunston 
Bacon M. Carr's Hill 
Bainbridge J. Park-lane 
Bainbridge J.] 84,Higli-street 
Barclay Jas. High Felling- 
Barkess H. Sedgewick place 
BaiTas George, Low Fell 



Bell E. Wrekenton 
Bell J. Mul grave-terrace 
Brecknell W, H. 3, Pipewell- 
gate 
Brown E. Eabbit-banks 
Brown John Wrekenton 
Bryson T, liddell-terrace 
Burn M. Blaydon 
Butler J. 89, High-street 
Cairns E. Pipewell-gate 
Campbell Eobt.Pipewell-gate 
Carlisle Jane, 68, High street 
Carrick Barbara, WiUiam-st 
Carruthers Geo. Blackwall 
Casson A. FeUing Shore 
Chapman J. Heworth 
Chapman E. E. Oakwell-gate 
Circle T. Hillgate 
Clark EHzabeth, Cannon-st 
Clark E. Swalwell 
Clemison John, Dunston 
Codling J. Eichardson's-place 
Copland T. Mul grave-terrace 
Crawford C. The Crescent 
Croudice J. Windy Nook 
Crow William, 1, Hutt-street 
Cruddace G. Ellison-street 
Cunningham W. Chapel- st 
Daglish Isab. 78, High-street 
Daglish J. Easton-place 
Dalkin M. 26, Church-street 
Davidson Eliz. 3, Church-st 
Davidson H. Low Fell 
Davidson E. Cross-street, 

Mount-pleasant 
Davison J. Low Bensham 
Dawson J. Trinity-street 
Deans J. High-street 
Douglas E. Pollock-street 
Douglas F. Blaydon 
Drummond C. 24, Charles-st 
Earle John, 38, Church-st 
Easton G. Cromwell-street 
Edwards J. Sheriff Hill 
Edwards M. Lower Heworth 
Elliott G. Town Half 
Elhott T. Swalwell 
Fawcitt John, Winlaton 
Fenwick T. Stewart' s-placo 
Fleck J. J. William-street 
Forster E. Winlaton 
Forster G. 1, ColUngwood-ter 
Forster J. 1, Mulgrave-ter 
Forster John, Bill Quay 
Forster J. Winlaton 
French William, Blaydon 
Gibson J. 171, High-street 



420 



GATESTPEAD AND DTSTEICT 



Grocery & Provision Dealers 

Continued. 
Gillender E. Oakwell-gate 
Glaholm E. 13, Church-st 
Goodfellow Joseph P. "Win- 

laton 
Gordon W. Oakwell-gate 
Go '.viand Mar}', Oakwell-gate 
Graham Thos. Blaekwall 
Graham T. -21, High-street 
Gri-jg J. Park-street 
Hail Ann, Windv Nook 
Hall J. South Shore 
Hall Mrs. Grahamslev-street 
Hall Mrs. Snn-street" 
Hannington W. Oakwell-gate 
Hardy Margaret, West-st 
Harrison J. 71, Higli-street 
Harrison J. Pipewell-gate 
Hawdon Mary, 16,Victoria-st 
Hay Miehaeli High Felling 
Hedley J. 02, High-street 
Henderson Vv . 4, TBotile-bank 
Hetherington J, High-street 
Hewison Mary A. Pipewell-gt 
Hills & Davidson, .1, Mul- 

grave-terrace 
Hodgson J. 1 1 , Brunswick-ter 
Hogg John, High Felling 
Flopper T. Bla^don 
Horrocks James, High-st 
Horrocks Jas. Easton-court 
Howe J. A. 84, High-street 
Howe W. 97, High-street 
Howden T. Winlaton 
Hull Eliz. 5, Pipewell-gate 
Hunter X\m. Wrekenton 
Flurst M. Winlaton 
Hurst William, Winlaton 
Ingham J. 85, High-street 
Ivison P. Windmill-hills 
Ivison P. Gro^venor-street 
Jefferey John, W^inlaton 
Jobling W. Hillgate 
Johnson Maria, Oakwell-gate 
Iveeler George, Sheriff Hill 
Kell Geo. Pdddell-street 
Kelly Edward, Hillgate 
Kelso D. Pipewell-gate 
Knowles Ellen, Pipewell-gate 
LaidlerBarbara,Grosvenor-st 
Land R. 94, High-street 
Leeming J. High Felling 
Lentell John, Fife -street, 

Mount-pleasant 
Liddell W. 8, Cannon-street 
Lothian John. 99, Highst 



Lumley J. High-street 
Lurasden W. Hillgate 
Marshall J. Blaydon 
Maughan G.52,Melbourne-st 
Maughan J. 34, Bottle-bank 
Mercer S. Hillgate 
Miller F. Winlaton 
Miller G. 3, Hill-street 
Miller J. 12, High- street 
Mills G. Low Fell 
Monkhnuse E. 17, Chnrch-st 
MorleyHannah,High Felling 
Natty Ann, 40. Bottle-bank 
Nicholson A. Hopper-street 
Nicholson P. Church-walk 
Ormton Eliz. 174, High-st 
Oxley S. Swalwell 
Parker H. Blaydon 
Parker Mary, 188, High-st 
Patterson J. Sheriff Hill 
Patterson Wm. Oakwell-gate 
Pearson W. East-street 
Pearson William, Low Felling 
Proud Eleanor, Swalwell 
Proud Sarah, Winlaton 
Pyle G. 31, Charles-street 
Eeay Eliz. 174, High-street 
Eeay J. Hewo/th Shore 
Eeed J. Winlaton 
Eeilly J. Oakwell-gate 
Eichnrdson W. 183, High-st 
Eobinson J. Trinity-street 
Eobinson E. Blaydon 
Eobson George, Low Fell 
Eobson J. Sheriff Hill 
Eoutledge E. 3, Mulgrave-ter 
Eowland W. Eabbit-banks 
Rutherford E. Quan-y-field 
Sadler M. Pipewell-gate 
Sandwith Sarah, 95, High-st 
Scott Eobt. & railway-engine 

driver, Musgrove -terrace 
Shaw J. Felling Shore 
Shield E. Swalwell 
Simpson Stephen,Wrekenton 
Simpson Wm.HeworthShore 
Smith Ellen, Bensh am 
Smith Mary A. Pipewell-gate 
Snowball James, Hill-street 
Spoouer J. 1, Bloomfield-ter 
Squire Thos. Blaekwall 
Start Ann, Felling Shore 
Steel W. 10, Hillgate 
Stephenson C. 101 and 102, 

High -street 
Stewart E. Sheriff Hill 
Stubbs Hen. Mount Pleasant 



Stubbs Joseph, Blaydon 
Taylor Alex. Teams 
Tempest Elizabeth, St. Ed- 

mund's-place 
Tench J. Winlaton 
Thompson C. Nuns'-lane 
Thompson Joseph, High 

Felling 
Thompson J. Blaydon-hurn 
Thompson J. Bottle-bank 
Thynn Ann, Oakwell-gate 
Train Elias, butcher, Low 

Felling 
Tucker T. Pipewell-gate 
Turnbull A. Low Felling 
Tyson J. 20, Victoria-streets 
Urwin Thomas, Blaydon 
WalkerGeorge, Pipewell-gate 
"SVatson H. Low Felhng 
Yv'atson Wra. Bensham 
Watson Wm. Swalwell 
Weatherston A. Trinity-street 
Y\'eatherley M. Low Fell 
Weddle J. 1, Bottle-bank 
Whitfield John, Winlaton 
White William, Town-street 
Wilkinson G. Salt-meadows 
Wilkinson J. Easton-street 
Wilson Elizb. Low Bensham 
Wilson Isab. Jackson-street 
Wind Geo. 49, High-street 
Winter J. 35, High-street 
Wood Lucy, 225, High-street 
Woolston J. Church walk and 

High-street 
Woolston J. Trinity-street 
Young J. 2, Grosvenor -straet 

Haherdashers and Hosiers 

Bone J. 223, High -street 
Codling J. Eichai'dson's-pl 
Dalkin J. 23, Bottle-bank 
Gustard W. 23, Bridge street 
lonn F. P. 213, High-street 

and 1, Hill-street 
Lumley J. High-street 
Eowe J. 212, High-street 
Snowball W\ 17, Bottle-bank 
Wigham Ahce, 176, High-st 

Hair Dressers 
Commons T. H. 187, High-st 
Dickson A. 2, Church-street 
Dickson H. 28^ High-street 
Hamilton C. 15, Church-st 
Hardy D. Half Moon-lane 
Johnson Eobt. High-street 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY. 



421 



Hair "Di'ess^vs— Continued. 
Eeay J. 27, Church-street 
Kobinson J. 70, High-street 
Stewart Joseph, 187, High-st 
TurnbuU John, High-street 
Wilkinson W. 7, Church-st 
Young T. High-street 

Hatters 
Anderson & Miller, 15, 
Bridge-street 



Hopwood E. 11, Bottle-bank 
lonn F. P. 213, High-street 

and ], Hill-street 
Eobson J. Pipewell-gate 

Hinge Manufacturers 

Bagnall E. S. Son, & Co. 

Winlaton 
Bell G. Winlaton 



Hall E. & Co. Blaydon 
Laycock E. J. & E. Winlaton 
Oliver Eobt. Winlaton 
Eeed John, Winlaton 
Eenwick J. & Son, Winlaton 

Horse Dealers 

Douglas William, 38, High- 
street 
Eobson D. Low Fell-road 



INNS, HOTELS, AND PUBLIC HOUSES. 
See also Beer Retailers^ 



Albion, J. Goodfellow, 177, High-street 

Anchor, Joseph Emmerson, Felling Shore 

Anchor Inn, William Grey, Dunston 

Atlas, C. G. Foster, High-street 

Barge, J. Dobson, Hillgate 

Bay Horse, T. Stephenson, Windy Nook 

Bee Hive, Wra. Bridon,Low Fell 

Bee Hive, Wm. Gray, Blaydon 

Bee's F^i//<7,Josph.Drummond,High Felling 

Black Bull, commercial, G. Brinton, 8, 

High -street 
Black Bull, B. Forsyth, Heworth-lane 
Black Bull, E. Birkett, Blaydon 
Black Boy, J. Eayne, Winlaton 
Black Horse, J. Prondlock, Low Fell 
BlacksviitUs Arms, John Fulthrop,Dunston 
Blue Bell, Francis Eobinson, High Felling 
Blue Bell, E. Johnson, Pipewell-gate 
Blue Bell, W. Cook, 29, Bridge-street 
Boat, C. Forster, Town Half 
Board, Saml. Aldridge, Bill Quay 
Borough Arms, Margaret Douglas, Wind- 
mill-hills 
Bottle House Inn, W. Grieve, Bill Quay 
Bottle House, S. Davidson, Bill Quay 
Brandling Arms, William Monkhouse, 

Oakwell-gate 
Brandling Junction Hotel, Barbara Callo- 
way, Eedhiogh 
Brandy \ au ts, M. Eutter, 14, Church-st 
Brewery lun, J. Hopper, Oakwell-gate 
Brown Jug, P. Eichardson, Carr's-hill 
Brunswick Arms, David Fielding, Bruns- 
wick-street 
Buck, M. French, Low Fell 
Bu^h, Ann Alderson, Oakwell-gate 
Castle Inn, T. W. Bainbridge, Hutt-street 
Coach and Horses, G. Lawrence, 197, 
High-street 



Coach and Horses, J. Benden, Winlaton 
Coach and Horses, Thos. Smith, Wrekenton 
Cock and Anchor, E. Trotter, 10, Can- 
non-street 
Commercial Hotel, Catherine Eevely, Half 

Moon-lane 
Croion, J. Patterson, Low Fell 
Crown and Gannon, J. Parker, Winlaton 
Crown (& Thistle, Thos. Dixon, Windy Nook 
Crown (& Thistle,knn Wright,Pipevvell-gate 
Cross Keys, J. Conolly, Pipewell-gate 
Cross Keys, E. Bell, 35, Bridge -street 
Deptford House, Henry Holmes, Blackwall 
Dun Cow, J. Smith, High -street 
Dun Cow, J. Thompson, Cow's Hill 
Duke of Cumberland, Wm. Coward, High 

Heworth 
Edinburgh Castle, T. Hogg, 41, Bottle-bank 
Elephant, Thos. Arthur, Swalwell 
Ellison Arms, J. Mclntyre, Eabbit- banks 
Elli-wn Arms, Sarah Atkinson, 18, Ellison-st 
Ferry Boat House, J. Morgan, Frisr'sGoose 
Five Wand Mill, W. Smith, Bensham-bank 
Flying Horse, T. Carr, Oakwell-;.ate 
Fountain, I. Tucker, Pipewell-ga;e 
Fox and Lamb, T. Briilge, Pipewell-gate 
Frame Inn, J. Gray, Teams 
Free Gardeners^ Arms, M, McDoaald, 

Carr's Hill 
Gateshead Arms Inn, Charles Brinton, 

Gateshead Low- Fell 
George and Dragon, J, Simm, 28,"Bridge-st 
Glass House Tavern R. Atkinson, Blaydtm 
Glass Makers' Armx, John Inglls, New 

Chatham, Pi[)e\vell-gate 
Goat, J. Ilderton, 19, Bottle-bank 
Grey Horse, T. Eichardson, 42, High-st 
Grey Mare, George Eogerson, Wrekenton 
Greyhound, E. Swalwell, Windy Nook 



429 



GATESHEAD AND DISTRICT 



Grindstone, Eobt. Wilkie, Felling Shore 
Ha/f Moon, Peter J. Main, 220, High-st 
Half Moon, J. Eobson, Wrekenton 
Half Moon, James Scott, 13, Bridge-street 
Half Moon, William Watson, Swalwell 
Hal f -way House, J. Simpson, High Felling 
Hawk, W. Gatis, 31, Bottle-bank 
Hawks' Arms, J. Bell, East-street 
High Level Bridge, Thomas Cockbum, 

Half Moon-lane 
Highlander, L. Jobling, Swalwell 
Highlander, E. Marshall, Winlaton 
Hindmarch Wm. innkeeper, Pelaw Main 
Honeysuckle Hotel,'H..WiikiiisonjWoodloine- 

terrace 
Hope and Anchor, Wm. Battersby, Windy 

Nook 
Joiners^ Arms, C. Hunter, Wrekenton 
Keel, John Oxley, Dunston 
Lamb, E. Dixon, Bill Quay 
Lime Kiln, E. Parkinson, South Shore 
Long Boat, A. Prudhoe, Blaydon 
Lord Collingwood,'Elea,nor Pescott, Dunston 
Lord Collingwood, M. Davidson, Low 

FelUng 
Magpie, Catherine Bell, Teams 
Mary Queen of Scots, E. Coulson, Stewart's- 

place 
Masons' Arms, D. Taylor, Bill Quay 
— Miller Ann, Wrekenton 
Masons' Arms, J. Cook, Jackson-street 
Moulders' Arms, J. Boggon, Low Fell 
Moulders' Arms, Gr. Dinning, Oakwellgate 
Mulberry Tree, A. Brankston, Low Felling 
Nags' Head, A. Forster, Swalwell 
Nag's Head, Elnr. Wakefield, 93, High-st 
Neptune Tavern, J. ElUott, Salt-meadows 
New Gannon, G. C. Geldai'd, Low Fell 
Neio Inn, T. Eichenson, Winlaton 
New Inn, G. Foreman, Swalwell 
Neio Inn, J. Taylor, Blaydon 
Oakwellgate Brewery, J. Hopper, Oakwell- 
gate 
Old Gannon, Josh. Dobinson, Sheriff Hill 
Old Gannon, J. Eedshaw, Low Fell 
Old Nag's Head, W. Mould, High-street 
Plough, Joseph Snaith, Sheriff-hill 
Plough, T. Henderson, East-street 
Queen's Arms, J. Paley, 24, Bridge-street 
Queen's Head, E. Neilson, Low Fell 
Queen's Head, J. Gardner, Swalwell 
Queen's Head. E. Patterson, Sheriff Hill 
Queen's Head, M. Mmray. 229, High-street 



Railway Hotel, T. Eidley, Hill-street 

Railway Inn, John Young, Blaydon 

Ravensu-orth Gastle, W. Bainbridge, Hutt-st 

Red Lion, E. Carney, Salt-meadows 

Red Lion, J. Wintrip, Blaydon 

Red Lion, M. Eenwick, Winlaton 

— Eevell Eichard, W^rekenton 

Rose and Grown, C. Dixon, Winlaton 

Royal Oak, J. Clark Oakwell-gate 

RoUn Hood, James McLean, Chm-ch-walk 

Rose and Grown, T. Leathead, Swalwell 

Rising Sun, H. Gilhespie, Hillgate 

Sea Lion, John Wintrip, Blaydon 

Seveji Stars, H. Eobson, Wrekenton 

Ship, C. Foster, Felling Shore 

Ship, George Scott, Heworth Shore 

Ship, A. Loughlin, Heworth 

Ship, D. Carrot, 73, High-street 

Ship, G. Tate, South Shore 

Ship, H. Gowland, Wrekenton 

Ship, T. Murray, Tyne Main 

Staith Inn, John Softhng, Stella 

Steam Boat, J. Nicholson, 8, Hillgate 

Squire's Arms, E. Little, Heworth Shore 

Sun, Mary Eobson, High-street 

Sun, E. Forster, Swalwell 

Sun, E. Gardner, Low Fell 

Swan, E. Swan, Winlaton 

Sioan, W. Hunter, Park- street 

Three Tuns, A. M. Veitch, Pipewell-gate 

Three Tuns, T. Forster, Swalwell 

Three Tu7is, B. Eobson, Sheriff HHl 

Turk's Head, B. Fetch, 201, High-street 

Union Inn, J. McNally, Hillgate 

Union Tavern, G. Grey, Pipewell-gate 

Victoria Hotel, S. Kent, Chm'ch-street 

Vulcan, M. Smith, Winlaton 

Vulcan Tavern, T. Hanis, Quarry-field 

Waggon, C. Stephenson, High-street 

Waggon, Edward Cuthbertson, Teams 

Waterloo Hotel, )ohu Murray, Dunston 

Wheat Sheaf, Wilham Oswald, Sheriff Hill 

Wheat Sheaf, T. A. Wilshire, Heworth 

Wheat Sheaf, J. Lawrence, 7, High-street 

Wherry, F. Norvill, Swalwell 

White Bear, W. Mitchel, Salt-meadows 

White Sic an, William Hunter, Park-street 

William IV. H. Tully, Low Fell 

William IV. E. Arkle, Bensham 

William IV. J. Eden, 130, High-street 

William IV. EHzabeth Bowlt, 231, High-st 

Windmill, Jane Hindmai-ch, Charles-street 

Yarmouth Arms, E. Barnes, Heworth Shore 



Beer Eetailers 
Bell John, Sunderland-road- 
encl 



Bell J. Mount-pleasant 
Bell J. corner of Cross-street 
Bell T. Hillgate 



Candlish J.Mulgrave-terrace 
Carrick P. Eabbit-banka 
Cook E. Quan-y-field 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTOEY. 



493 



Beer "RetSLiiers— Continued. 
Douglas Eobt. Old Toll-gate 
Englisli J. Mulgrave-terrace 
Evans J. Winlaton 
Foster Edward, South Shore 
French J. H gh-street 
Garvey Felix, Pipewell-gate 
Gillender T. Hillgate 
Gray T. Sheriff Hill 
Greares J. 21, High-street 
Hawdon Mary,16,Yictoria-st 
Hood S. Blaydon 
Hogg R. Blackwall 
Johnson TV. Park-lane 
Kane John, Hopper-street 
Lenox James, Hillgate 
Lowis W. St. Edmund's-pl 
Martin David, Eedheugh 
Maxwell J. B. Heworth 
MorleyHannah, HighFelling 
Orrick B. Sun-street 
Prior P. Pipewell-gate 
Eeilly Bernard, Pipewell-gate 
Eeilly E. Hillgate 
Eobinson J. Trinity- street 
Eobson J. 60, High-street 
Sculleon John, Eabbit-banks 
Shannon M. Cannon-street 
Simpson John, High FeUing 
Telford John, Hillgate 
Thompson G. Nun^s-lane 
Thompson G. Bensham 
Thompson E. Eavensworth- 

terrace 
Tinkler G. 40, Melbourne- 
street 
Tynmey Chas. High Felling 
AValdie E. Eabbit-banks 
"Wilson James, Blaydon 

Iron Founders 

Abbot J. and Co. Gateshead 

Park Works 
Faddy J. Heworth Shore 
Forster S. Eedheugh 
Hall E. & Co. Blaydon 
Hawdon W. G. Blaydon 
Heppell E, and stove grate 
manufacturer, Pipewell- 
gate 
Hymers J. A. 23, High-st 
Land E. Pipewell-gate 
Laycock E. J. and E. Stella 

and Winlaton 
MiUington Crowley and Co. 
Team Iron Works, and 
Winlaton Mills 



Eenwick J. Grahamsley-st 
Eobson E. and Co. Swalwell 
Spencer P. Swalwell 

Iron Manufacturers 
Gelley Mary, Heworth-shore 
Hawks, Crawshay, and Sons, 

South Shore 
Millington, Crowley, and Co. 

Team Iron Works, &c. 
Spencer W. Blaydon-burn 
Thompson Brothrs. Dunston 
Thompson G., C, and Co. 

Winlaton 

Iron Merchants 
Boyd H. P. Winlaton 
Mounsey, Janson, and Co. 
South Shore 

Ironmongers &Hardwaremen 

Andrews N. and Son, Sun- 
derland Eoad-end 
Mather &Eeed, 19, Bridge-st 
Woof P. saddler's, 22, Bot- 
tle-bank 

Joiners 

Bailes W. Low Felling 
Bowlt J, Melbourne-street 
Churnside Jno. High Felling 
Clark John, Low Fell 
Grey J. Durham Eoad-end, 

High-street 
Harper L, Cramer-dykes 
Harper W. Cramer-dykes 
Hope J. Fife-street 
Hutchinson William, Low 

Felling 
Lee John, Hood's-buildings, 

Windmill-hills 
Liddell J. 30, High-street 
Main E. Dun Cow-yard, 

High-street 
Mattison E. High West-st 
Miller, E. 16, High-street 
Pattinson John, Low Fell 
Eobson George, Low Fell 
Sanderson E. 28, Bottle-bank 
Sobers W. High-street 
Talbot W. Windmill-hills 
Wilkinson Wilham, High 

Felhng 
Young R. West-street 

Lamp Black Manufacturers 

Graham J. Heworth Shore 
Hoylo E. Swalwell 



Lynn R. Blaydon 
Maughan M. Heworth Shore 
Mclnnes J. and vitriol, Pipe- 
well-gate 
Potter A. L. Blaydon-heugh 

Lead Manufacturer 
Bea?nmont W. B. Blaydon 

Lime Burners 
Hymers J. A. 23, High-street 
Pearson C. J. Pipewell-gate 

Lodging House Keepers 

Atkinson Isab.15, Melbourne- 
street 
Braid Elizb. 24, Melbourne-st 
Davison Isabella 14, Eavens- 

worth-terrace 
French My. 29, Melbourne-st 
Hall Eleanor, Cramer-dykes- 
cottage 
Hetherington Elizabeth, 38, 

Melbourne-street 
Hills Jane, top of Walker- 
terrace 
Hurst Mary, 3, Lambton-ter 
Irving Mary, 11, EUison-st 
Pack Maria, Durham-terrace 
Stephenson Elizb. Nelson-st 
Story Jane, Brunswick-street 
Wallis E. commercial board- 
ing, 40, High-street 

Lunatic Asylum Proprietors 

Garbutt Cornelius, Dunston 
Glenton J. Bensham 
Gowland J. Wrekenton 
Kent S. B. Gateshead Fell 

Machine Makers 

Pooley & Sons, Willington-st 

Marine Store Dealers 
Burden J. Nelson-street 
Bum T. Pipewell-gate 
Clementsou George, Hillgate 
Kirkup T. 18, William-street 
Hasby Ralph, Pipewell-gate 
Humphrey Wm . akwell-gt 
McNaught, Brothers, High 

Felling 
Palmer R. Hillgate 
Patterson D. 69, High-street 
Eenwick W. 21, Charles-st 
Reynolds J. 90, High-street 



424 



GATESHEAD AND DTbTEICT 



Marine Store Dealers 

Continued. 
Bichardson J. Pipewell-gate 
Wade Thos. Heworth Shore 
Whitworth W. High-street 

Master Mariners 
Charlton E. 33, Ellison-st 
Penwick J. 3, Mulgrave-ter 
Storey J. Liddell-terrace 
Thonapson M, Freeman's-ter 
Valentine B. 9, Ellison-sti-eet 

Millers 
Belt and Whitfield, Blaydon- 

burn 
Brown W. 79, High-street 
Burn William, Blaydon-bum 
Davidson J. Church-street 
Edwards My. Lower ] leworth 
En-ington R. Swalwell 
Forster M. Blaydon-hurn 
Fen wick Miss B. Blaydon-bm 
Hopper J. Trinity- street and 

High street 
Beed E. T. Windmill-hills 
Bobertson J. 13, Jackson-st 
Bobinson J. Blaydon-burn 
Slater J. Swalwell 
Snowdon T. Blue Quarries 
Snowdon Thomas, Heworth, 

Windmill. Blue Quarries 
Taylor W. Windmill-hills 

Milliners 
Marked * are also Dressmakers. 
Brown E. 16, Bridge-street 
Clark J. and M. 2t)0, High-st 
*Coulsnn Ann,2, KiugWm-st 
♦Fletcher Mary and Sarah, 

9, Swinburne-place 
Heslop Margaret, 2,Easton-ct 
Lowes My. Ann, St. Edward's- 

place 
Mather Martha & Aunabella, 

39, Bottle-bank 
Bankin Eliz. Cath. Lambton- 

street 
Bichai'dson Amelia, 183, 

High -street 
Sharp Mary, 2-23, High -street 
Smith Eleanoi%5,Lambton-ter 
Teasley Margaret, Ocean-ter 
Turnbull Mary, High-street 

Nail Makers 
Andrews T. Sunderland- 
ro ad-end 



Ayre G. Winlaton 
Bagnall J. Winlaton 
Bagnall B. S. Son and Co. 

Winlaton 
Bell G. Winlaton 
Bowdon J. 30, Bottle-bank 
Boyd H. P. Winlaton 
Boyd&Crawford, 30,Bottle-bk 
Brighton J. 30, Bottle-bank 
Chambers B. Winlaton 
Colhoun Hugh, 30, Bottle-bk 
Cowen J, and Co. Winlaton 
Dougherty Geo. 30, Bottle-bk 
Douglas John, Church-walk 
Givens J. Winlaton 
Hall I. 30, Bottle-bank 
Hall B. and Co. Blaydon 
Laycock R..J. and R.Winlaton 
Leighton T. 30, Bottle-bank 
Mather and Beed, 19 and 20, 

Bridge-street 
Mc.Laurin J. 30, Bottle-bank 
Miller James, Winlaton 
Miller Thomas, Winlaton 
Parker Jane, Winlaton 
Benwick J. & Son, Winlaton 
Thompson G. C. & A. Win- 
laton 
Watson William, Winlaton 

Newspaper 

Gateshead Observed, 
Saturday, James Clephan, 
14, High-street 

News Agents 

Chambers', J. 51, High-street 
Jackson T. Oakwell-gate 

Paint Manufacturer 

Swaby Bichard, and colours ; 
works. New Chatham 

Painters and G-laziers 

Atkinson J. 5, Grosvenor-st 
Balsdon James,Pipewell-gate 
Barras John, Lnw Fell 
Cass A. 199, Hish-street 
Cummins T. High Level-st 
Humble J. 31, Bridge-street 
Nicholson Jane, Hiilgate 
Ormston N. ISO, High-street 
Plumptnn J. 13, Cannon-st 
Bobson G. Ellison-street 
Steven J. Collingwood-ter 



Paper Hangers. 

See also Upholsterers and 
Paper Hangers. 

Cass A. 199, High-street 
Cummins T. High Level-st 
Firbank John, High Level • 

street 
Ormston N. 186, High-street 
Plumpton J. 13, Cannon-st 
Steven J. Collingwood-ter 

Paper Makers 

Gallon T.& Co.FeUing Shore 
The Tyne Paper Mill Co. 
Bedheugh 

Patten-ring Makers 
Bagnall J. Winlaton 
Bagnall B. S. Son. & Co. 

Winlaton 
Benwick J. & Son, Winlaton 
Thompson G.C.&A. Winlaton 

Pawnbrokers 

Coulson W. 15, East-street 
Gordon W. 41, Oakwell-gate 
Hall G. 18, High-street 
Howe J. A. 84, High-street 
Lamb Dorothy, Nelson -st 
MorleyHannah,High Felhng 
BosenbohanCatha.Church-st 

Pipe Makers 
Elsdon J. Pipewell-gate 
Elsdon M. Pipewell-gate 
Elsdon M. Bank-top 
Fenwick MaryAnn, Oakwell- 

gate-chare 
Efardy T. 38, Bottle-bank 
Masters W. 3 1, Bridge-street 
Newton J. Hiilgate 
Thompson W.22, Bottle-bank 
Tucker T. Pipewell-gate 
Watson James, Pipewell-gate 

Plumbers 
Abbot J. & Co. Gateshead 

Park W<-irks 
Elliott G. 16, High-street 
Henderson W. 4, Bottle-bank 

Printers, Letter-press 
Douglas W. 14, High-street 
Hedley J. 23, High- street 
Jackson B. 31, Bridge-sti'eet 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY. 



425 



Printers— Co?i^/n?/e(?. 
Kelly H. 2-27, High-street 
Eankin E. 33, Bottle-bank 

Register Office Keepers 

Dale C. 28, Ellison-street 
Hall Susannah, 25, Mel- 
bourne-street 
Warden Eobert, 193, High-st 

Road Contractors 

Tate J. Cobden-terrace 
Tate T. Cobden-terrace 

Rope and Twine Makers 
Dixon, Corbittj&Co.Dunston 
Griffin & Hood, 55, High-st 
Haggle, Bros. South Shore 
Hood James, High-street 
Marshall T. High-street 
Newall E. S.ifcCo.wire,Teams 
Paston R. & A. High-street 

Saddlers 

Hedley W.- Bottle-bank 
Eobson T. Court-place 
Smith W. 26, High-street 
Stott F. G. Wrekenton 

Saw Mill Owners 
Haggle, Bros, and planing, 

South Shore 
Jobling L, Swalwell 
Nicholson J. Blaydon and 

Winlaton 
Palmer G-. & C. M. Dunston 

Sand Millers 
Brown E. & S, 22, Jackson-st 
Lister W. Sheriff Hill 
Strong J. Sheriff Hill 
Wintrip W. & J. flint, Blay- 
don-burn 

Ship Builders 
BarnfatherW. Hebburn Quay 
Boutland W. Bill Quay 
G-addy & Lamb, and patent 

slipway, Tyne Main 
Irwin & Fairs, Friar's Goose 
Morris J. & D. Pelaw Main 
Eedhead E. Hebburn Quay 
Eobson J. iron, Blackwall 

Ship Owners 
Hall John, JjOW Felling 
Little G. 5, Union-row 
Walker H. 13, Claremont-pl 



Straker G. Catherine -place 

Smiths 

Archer Thomas, Dunston 
Armstrong George, Winlaton 
Atkinson J. High-street 
Bagnal John, Winlaton 
Bainbridge T.whitesijQ.&bell- 

hanger, 28, Bottle-bank 
Bell E. whitesmith and bell- 
hanger, 16, High-street 
Brown J. Brandling-street 
Brown Thomas, and general 

jobber. High Felling 
Bullcraig T. Hillgate 
Bullock H. Old Toll-gate 
Calloway John, Eedheugh 
Clementson G. shipsmith & 

chain maker, Hillgate 
Colhoun H. 30, Bottle-bank 
Coward Wm. High Felling 
Crow E. and farrier. Brand- 
ling-street 
Crowley, Millington, & Co. 
Team Iron works, and at 
Winlaton Mill 
Fearnley S. High-street 
Galloway J. & shackle maker, 

Eedlieugh 
Gardener M. Winlaton 
Gillinder Wm. Swalwell 
Hopper W. shipsmith and 
crampmkr.Foot of Hillgate 
Hurst W. Winlaton 
Jobling AVilliam, Sheriff Hill 
Lawson G. Dun Cow-yard, 

High-street 
Lid dell C. Low Fell 
Murdy John, Wrekenton 
Noble J. Felling Shore 
Pattinson J. Low Fell 
EenwickJ. Grahamsley-st 
Scott Wm. whitesmith. High- 
street, Hillgate 
Shepherd W. farrier, Brand- 
ling-street 
Spencer J. & M. Swalwell 
Stringer James, Church-walk 
Snrtees E. Teams 
Whitfield J. A. shipsmith, 

Pelaw Staith 
Whitfield Wilhara,shipsmith, 

South Shore 
Wilson B. 231, High- street 
Wood G. and veterinary sur- 
geon, West-sti^eet 
Woof P. Bottle-bank 
9c3 



Solicitors 

Armstrong G. 2, Bridge-st 
Briggs G. Ocean-terrace 
Charlton E. 17, Melbourne-st 
Hunter J. 8, Bridge -street 
Kell & Apedaile, Town Hall 
Kenmir G, J. 2, Bridge-st 
Swinburne J. W. Hill-street 

Spade&Shovel Manufacturers 
Hed\Yorth A. Dunston 
Hind J. & B. Heworth Forge 
Smith P. 22, Bottle-bank 
Shield Thos. Swalwell 
Thompson, Brothrs. Dunston 

Stone Merchants 

Boiston John, Heworth 
Bowman T. slate, 53, High-st 
Dobson John, Bensham-bnk 
Drummond J. High Felling 
Eadie James, Blaydon 
Softley Saml. Oakwell-gate 
Tate &Brown,H eworth Shore 
Pattison Thos. Wrekenton 
Taylor J. 22, Jackson-stieat 
Straw Hat Makers 

Cusvrorth Mary Jane, 7, 

Garden-court 
Mather Martha & Annabella, 

39, Bottle -bank 
Eoddam Ann, Low Felling 
Sharp Mary, 223, High-st 
TurnbuU Mary, 17, High-st 

Surgeons 

Barkus B. and physician, 

High West-street 
Bennett F. 180, High-street 
Brady H. 203, High-street 
Brown Francis, S. Winlaton 
Brown Philip, Blaydon 
CoUins Fred. Low Felling 
Counsellor Eichd. and M.D. 

Low Felling 
Davis E. Wrekenton 
Dixon G. S. and physician, 

1-1, West-street 
Ferguson A. and physician, 

3, Eichardson's-place 
Gibson G. Birtley Villa, near 

Gateshead 
Gill George, Winlaton 
Glenton P. Bensham Lunatic 

Asylum : h.o. 13, Mul- 

grave-terrace 



436 



GATESHEAD AND DISTRICT 



Surgeons— Continued. 
"ilenderson C. D. 31, Mel- 
bourne-street 
Jollie W. and physician, 202, 

High-street 
Lammas J. 3, Woodbine-pl 
Leing Wni. High Felling 
McAllam J. Heworth Shore 
Eobinson W. 9, West street 
Koland Henry ,to Dispensary, 

High-street 
Stevenson H. E. Whick- 

ham Hall 
Wilson H.jE. 4, Melbourne-st 

Tailors 
Adam son E. High Felling 
Blair J. Nelson-street 
Brett J. F. and draper, 22, 

Church-street 
Erown John, Winlaton 
Crow J. S. & draper, 4, Hill-st 
Crowley E. 44, High-street 
Dexter J. 140, High-st; ho. 

Mount Pleasant 
Dixon C. 27 & 28, Bottle- 
bank 
Dobinson Wm. and draper, 

^Vrekenton 
Edwards J. Sheriff Hill 
Feargrieve Henry,5,Bridge-st 
Gillespy E. Winlaton 
Graham H. Trinity-street 
Grey George, Sheriff Hill 
Grey J. Brunswick-street 
Grey J. Ellison-square 
Hardy E. Low Fell 
Harrison G. Mulgrave-ter 
Harrison E. 4, Church-st 
Hume P. 20, Grosvenor-st 
Lee Nicholas, Trinity-street 
Lilley Wm. Blavdon 
McNally J. Hillgate 
Milne J". Bloomfield-terrace 
Milrose James, Hillgate 



Nixon J. & Son, and drapers, 

80-81, High-street 
Pigg Thomas, and draper. 

Low Felling 
Porteus J. Oakwell-gate-chr 
Potts Eobert, and draper. 

Low Felling 
Preston D. 199, High-street 
Eedshaw & Son, and drapers, 

79, High-street 
Eobson T. High Felling 
Snowdon J. 33, High-street 
Spencer T. Sheriff Hill 
TurnbuU J. and draper, 17, 

High-street 
Watson Joseph, Heworth-ln 
Walker Eobt. Winlaton 
Smith Henry, Low Fell 
Whitworth W. Burney-villas 

Tallow Chandlers 

Bell G. 24, Church-street 
Greene J. and Sons, 4, 5, 

and 6, High-street 
Eobson J, 19, High- street 
Smith H, 34, Bridge-street 
Stobbs and Co. 224, High-st. 

and Half Moon-lane 

Timber Merchants 

Ekless C. Bill Quay 
Haggle, Brothers,South Shre 
Hood A & Co. Blackwall 
Nicholson J. Winlaton 
Patterson Wm. Oakwell-gate 
Palmer (t. & C. M. Dunston 
Walker G. Blaydon-burn 
Wilson John, 26, West-street 

Tinners and Braizers 

Audas W. Hill-street 

Gill E. 10, High-street and 

North Shore 
Henderson E. lG,High-street 
Howe W. 97, High-street 
Miller W. Oakwell-gate 



EawlingEoberfc,Felling Shore 

Tobacconists 

Barrett Joseph, 6, Bridge-st 
Blenkinsop Jno. 12, Bridge-st 
Bramweil 1. 218, High-street 

Toy Dealers 

Naylor Jane, 26, Bridge-st 
Eichardson W. 183, High-st 

ITpholsterers&Paper Hangers 

Brown T. 8, Grosvenor-st 
Hewitt J. 45, High-street 
Mather E. 196, High-street 
Young E. West-street 

Varnish Manufacturer 
Swaby Eichard, & paints & 
colours; works. New Chat- 
ham 

Watch and Clock Makers 

Blagburn J. 196, High-street 
Maughan J. H. 20, Bottle-bk 
Thompson W. 74, High-st 
Wakefield Edwin, 78, High-st 
Wilson J. 221, High-street 

Whiting Manufacturers 
Davie J. Pipewell-gate 

Fawdon Elizabeth & Song, 
62, Pipewell-gate 

Wine and Spirit Merchants 
Fawcett J. Winlaton 
Garbut C. & Son, 21, 22, and 

23, Bridge-street 
Greene J. & Sons, 4, 5, & 6, 

High-street 
Potts J. C. 14, High-street 
Singers H. & Co. spirit, Hill- 
gate 
Stobbs & Co. 224, High-st 
Wylam Ealph, West-street 
Wylam Wihiam. Claremont- 
place 



PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS, SOCIETIES, 

PLACES OF WOKSHIP AND THEIE MINISTERS. 



Churches of the Establishment. 

St. Cuthbert's, Bensham. — Served by 
the clergy of St. Mary's, Gateshead. 

St. Cuthbert's, Blaydon. — Eey, Wilham 
Brown, incumbent. 



St. John's, Gateshead Fell.— Eev. Wm. 
Atkinson, incumbent. 

St. Mary's, Church-street. — Eev. John 
Davies, D.D. rector; Eev. A. L. Herbert, 
B.A. and Eev. F. G. Holmes, B.A. curates j 
Eev. WUliam Bennett, assistant curate, 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTOEY. 



427 



St. Maey's, \^'hickham. — Eev. H. B. Carr, 
M.A. rector. 

St, Paul's, Winlaton. — Eev. Henry 
Wardell, M.A. rector ; Rev. Eicliard Eudd, 
B.A. curate 

St. Edmund's Chapel, High-street. — 
Eev. W. Bennett, curate. 

Teinity Chapel, High-street. — Eev. J. 
Speck, B.A. curate. 

Chapel of Ease, Monkton. — Eev. John 
M. Mason, curate. 

Chapel of Ease, Windy Nook. — Eev. 
Edward H. Adamson, incumbent. 

Catholie Churches 

St. Mary's and St. Thomas's, Stella. — 
Very Eev. Canon Ealph Piatt. 

St. Patrick's, Low Eelling. — Eev. John 
Kelly. 

Dissenting Chapels 

Independent, High Felling, & Winlaton. 

Methodist (New Connexion), Mel- 
hourne-street, Dunston, High Felling, 
Felling Shore, Low Fell, Gateshead Fell, 
Windy Nook, Teams, and Winlaton. 

Methodist (Primitive), West-street, 
Nelson-street, Blue Quarries, Dunston, 
High Felling, Hebburn, Heworth Lane, 
Swalwell, Whickham, Wrekenton, and 
Ship Lane, Wrekenton. 

Methodist (Wesleyan), High-street, 
Pipewell-gate, Bill Quay, Blaydon, Dun- 
ston, High Felling, Felling Shore, Low 
le^^, Honkton, Gateshead Fell, Swalwell, 
Whickham, Winlaton, and Black Fell Eoad, 
Wrekenton. 

Presbyterian, Head of Melboume-st. 
and Swalwell. 

Wesleyan Methodist Eeformers, Heb- 
burn and Swalwell. 

Miscellaneous Public Buildings 
County Court, Town Hall. — Jas. Losh, 
Esq. judge; John Clayton, clerk; Eobert 
Pybus, high bailiff. 



Dispensary, High-street. — T. W. Crester^, 
house surgeon. 

King James's Hospital, High-street. — ■ 
Eev. William Bennett, chaplain. 

Literary Society, West-street. 

Mechanics' Institution, West-street. — 
Eichard Cook, librarian. 

Mechanics' Institution, Blaydon. — Jos. 
Elhott, librarian. 

Mechanics' Institution and Library, 
Swalwell. — J. Armstrong, librarian. 

Mechanics' Institution, Winlaton. 

Police Station (Borough No. 1), Town 
Hall. — W. H. Schorey, superintendent. 

Police Station (Borough No. 2), Bridge 
End. — John Hope, inspector. 

Police Station (County), West-street. — 
John Thompson, superintendent. 

Police Station, Holly Hill, Low Fell- 
ing. 

Public School, Library, and Lecture 
EooM, Low Fell. — George Peirson, teacher 
and librarian. 

Subscription Library, Winlaton. — Geo. 
Ayre, librarian. 

Stamp Offce, 35, Bottle Bank. — G. 
Watson, distributor. 

Town Clerk's Offce, Town Hall. — Geo, 
Johnston Kinmer, town clerk. 

Town Hall, Half Moon Lane. 

Union Eegister Officc, West-street. — 
Eobert Foreman, clerk and superintendent 
registrar; John Pattison, registrar of births 
and deaths ; John Usher, registrar of 
marriages, assistant overseer, and rate col- 
lector. 

Union Workhouse, Union-lane. — Arthur 
Main, master; Eliza Main, matron ; E. H. 
Wilson, surgeon ; — Struthers. teacher. 

Weigh House, High-st.— Bartholomew, 
Atkinson, keeper. 

York, Newcastle, and Berwick Eail- 
WAY Locomotive Works, Half Moon-lane. 
— E. Fletcher, manager. 



*-'!' Having now sketched with a hasty, hut we hope faithful hand, all 
that is interesting in the general features of the county of Northumher- 
land, the town and county of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and the horough of 
Gateshead, we shall commence our topographical survey with Castle AVard, 
and proceed thence seriatim through the six wards of the county, describing 
the parishes, townships, towns, and villages, as we advance through each ward. 

Those parishes which extend into two Wards, will he found described in 
the Wards in which their parish churches are situated. 



CASTLE WAED. 



This Ward, occupying the south-eastem corner of the county, is bounded on 
the north by Morpeth Ward, on the west by Tindale Ward, on the south by 
the river Tyne, which separates it from Durham, and on the east by the 
German Ocean. Its length, from east to west, is about fifteen miles, its 
breadth, from north to south, about fourteen miles, and it comprises an area 
of 100,895 statute acres. The population in 1801, was 36,645 ; in 1841, 
68,692; and in 1851, it had increased to 76,413 souls. Castle Ward is 
highly cultivated, productive, and populous, and is well watered by the rivers 
Tyne, Blyth, and Pont, with their numerous tributary streams. The romantic 
banks of the Blyth command general admiration, and few places afford more 
agreeable scenery than the picturesque vale of Tyne. Numerous and exten- 
sive manufactories, collieries, ship-yards, coal-staiths, &c,, are situated here, 
and afford employment to great numbers of the inhabitants. This ward is 
divided into two divisions. East and West, and comprehends fourteen parishes, 
two parochial chapelries, and one extra -parochial place, of which the following 
is an enumeration, showing the number of acres and houses, together with the 
population, in 1851, of each place : — 



Parishes, &c. 


Acres. 


Houses. 


POPULATION. 


Males. 


Females. 


Total. 


All Saints 


2,201 


5,142 


16,522 


17,070 


33,592 


Cramliugton 


3,492 


651 


1,810 


1,557 


3,367 


Dinnington 


5,538 


155 


335 


333 


668 


Earsdon 


11,646 


2,152 


5,694 


5,288 


10,982 


Gosforth 


6,355 


622 


1,138 


1,181 


2,319 


Horton 


5,550 


692 


2,313 


2,136 


4,449 


Lftng Benton 


9,040 


1,809 


4,816 


4,389 


9,205 


Mel don 


993 


29 


71 


73 


144 


Newbnrn 


11,506 


890 


2,220 


2.096 


4,316 


Ponteland 


10,073 


234 


547 


590 


1,137 


River Green 


480 


7 


20 


14 


34 


St. Andrew's 


6,035 


3,145 


9,848 


11,351 


21,199 


St. John's 


2,358 


3,650 


15,166 


15,980 


31,146 


Stannington 


10,093 


209 


488 


512 


1,000 


Tvnemouth 


7,222 


4,814 


14,453 


16,071 


30,524 


Wallsend 


2,787 


878 


2,883 


2,838 


5,721 


Vv'haUon 


5,918 


114 


244 


217 


461 



ALL saints' parish. 429 

THE CHARITIES OF CASTLE WARD. 

\Yitli the date of nearly each bequest, the name of the donor, the amount, 
appropriation, and annual value, as abstracted from the Reports of the Com- 
missioners for inquiring respecting Charities, printed by order of the House 
of Commons. See also the histories of the parishes, etc. 

Date. Donors and nature of gifts. To what places and purposes applied. Annual value. 

1606. Eobert Delaval (rent charge) Newburn parisli — poor £5 

Sir Mark Milbank (rent) Tynemouth parish — vicar &poor 75 

1703. Eleanor Wilson (£25) Tynemoutb parish — poor 1 5 

AViliiam Eaper (rent charge) Tynemouth parish — poor 1 10 

1707. John Blackett (rent charge) Newburn parish — poor 4 

1709. M. Grey (rent charge) Stannington parish — school. ... 12 

1719. EichardCoates (rent) Pontelanil parish — school ....137 8 3 

1720. Margaret Moore (rent) Whalton parish — school 2 

172 1. Nathaniel Blackiston (rent charge) Black Callerton — school 9 10 

1736. Cuthbert Alder (rent) Long Benton Parish — poor. ... 12 

1741. Gawen Stoker (lent charge) Newburn parish — poor 1 

1746. Utrick Whitfield (dividends) Newburn parish — poor 1 15 

William Alder (rent charge) Newburn parish — apprenticing 3 

1788. Mary Eich&rdson (dividends) North Shields — poor 11 17 2r' 

1790. Winifred Lawson (dividends) Tynemouth parish — poor .... 6 

1811. George Crawford (dividends) Tynemouth township — poor . . 17 12 9 

1813. George Moore Stannington parish — school .. 2. 

1822. George Storey (£124 4s. Cd) Cramlington chapelry — live 

poorest inhabitants 3 14 6 

1824, Thomas Kettlewell (dividends) Tynemouth school 111 12 

George Milburn (rent charge) ,.,.,,,. Township of Chirton — poor at 

Easter 10 



Total £418 14 8 



CASTLE WARD — EAST DIVISION. 

ALL SAINTS' PAEISH. 

This parish comprises the townships of All Saints', Byker, and Heaton, 
the former of which constitutes the eastern portion of the town and county 
of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and its history will be found incorporated with the 
history, &c. of that place. The total area of the parisli is 2,201 acres, aiid 
its population in 1801, was 17,833 ; in 1811, 17,697 ; in 1821, 20,877 ; in 
1831, 22,740; in 1841, 27,948; and in 1851, 33,592 souls. 

Byker is a township and village formerly held by the tenure of grand 
sergeantry, by a family who bore the local name, but is now the property of 
several proprietors. The township contains 687 acres, and the number of 
its inhabitants in 1801, was 3,254; in 1811,3,029; in 1821, 3,852 ; in 
1831, 5,176 ; in 1841, 6,024; and in J 851, 7,040 souls. The Yili^vge of 
Byker is pleasantly situated on an eminence commanding an extensive 
prospect of the toAvn of Newcastle, the river Tyne, and the northern part 
of the county of Durham. It is said to be a place of great antiquity, but 



430 CASTLE WARD — EAST DIVISION. 

we have little more than tradition to warrant the assertion. Edward II. dates 
letters from Byker, and on the next day from Newcastle. The Blue Bell Inn 
in this village bears every mark of antiquity, and formerly possessed in its 
quaint old rooms some fine specimens of oak carving, hut one of the occU' 
pants broke them up for firewood, and not a vestige of them now remains. 

Byker Hill is a hamlet in this township, situated one mile and three 
quarters east of Newcastle. Dent's Hole is also a small village in Byker 
township, about the same distance east by south of Newcastle. Ouseburn, 
St. Anthony's, and St. Peter's, are likewise villages in this township. 

Heaton, a township and village in this parish, comprises an area of 9] 1 
acres. The population of the township in 1801, was 183; in 1811, 497; 
in 1821, 470; in 1831, 501; in 1841, 450; and in 1851,435 souls. This 
manor was formerly the property of the Babingtons of Harnham, and in 
1628 was the residence and property of Sir Henry Babington, one of whose 
female descendants named Atkinson, a scuUioii at an inn, received a share 
of Heaton Colliery in 1796. The Village of Heaton is situated about one 
mile and three quarters E.N.E. of Newcastle, and is said to have served as a 
place of retreat to King John during his contests with his barons. In 
Bourne's time there were still to be seen here the ruins of an ancient building, 
and the remains of a fortification. 

Heaton Hall is delightfully situated npon the steep and woody banks of 
the Ouseburn, and is the seat of A. L. Potter, Esq., but formerly of the 
Ridley family, who now reside at Blaydon. It was erected in 1713, when 
the family had several extensive collieries in this neighbourhood, but it was 
afterwards faced with stone and otherwise improved. 

"Heaton Colliery," says a local Avriter, "is memorable in the history of 
-mining catastrophes. The workings were held at a very great depth, and having 
a dip or inclination from one side to the other, the shafts of course occupied 
a position most convenient to the then present worldngs. The upper and 
neighbouring seams had formerly been wrought as a colhery under the name 
of Heaton Banks, and when the coal was wholly worked out, the shafts were 
covered over with boards and earth, and planted with clumps of trees. In 
the course of time, the old workings became entirely filled with water, and 
bursting out with enormous violence, rushed down into the new mine, and 
enclosed in a living tomb seventy-five human beings — the water rising to the 
height of thirty-five fathoms, in the shaft or perpendicular entrance to the 
mine ; and as the greater number of persons who were below at the time were 
at work about a mile and a half to the west of the pit mouth, they were 
above the level of the water, and thus deprived of any means of escape. 
This melancholy accident happened on the 3rd May, 1815, and though every 
effort was made to gain access to them by the old workings, which when found 
unsuccessful, was applied to the pumping of the water out of the pit, yet it 
continued to gain upon them, and it was not till February in the ensuing 
year that the water was sufficiently got under to allow of the bodies being 
obtained. Owing to the water being strongly impregnated with pyrites, the 
blade of a knife which was in the pocket of one of the drowned men was 



CRAMUNGTON PAEOCHIAL CHAPELBY. 431, 

entirely corroded, though the horn haft remained entire. Such of his clothes 
as were of woollen fabric were entirely destroyed, while those that were of 
linen were uninjured. Many of the bodies were nearly naked, and all in a 
state of gi-eat decay, appearing one and all to have died of hunger. They 
had got into a part of the pit where the water did not reach them, and had 
been many weeks employed in endeavouring to work their way into an old 
pit, by which they fondly hoped to have escaped. They are supposed to have 
failed in the attempt, through hunger and consequent emaciation, as every 
horse in the pit was eaten to the bone ! The unfortunate men had a water 
mark fixed, that they might observe if it fell, and one man who is supposed to 
have been set to watch it, was found dead at his post." 

Bust Cottage is a village in this township, one mile and. a half from 
Newcastle. — {For Directory, dc. of this parish, see Newcastle.) 

CRAMLINGTON PAEOCHIAL CHAPELRY. 

This chapehy, forming a portion of the parish of St. Andrew, Newcastle, 
is bounded on the north by Horton, on the west by Stannington, on the 
south by Long Benton, and on the east by Earsdon, and comprises an area 
of 3,492 acres. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 971 ; in 1811, 
303; in 1821, 330; in 1831, 931; in 1841, 2,634; and in 1851, it had 
increased to 3,367 souls. Its rateable value is £9,018. 10s. The great and 
rapid increase of population observable in this chapelry, is owing to the 
opening of coal mines, which are worked by Humble, Lamb, and Co., and 
Joseph Lamb and Co., the former working those on the property of the late 
Thomas Taylor, Esq. and the latter the East Cramlington Colliery. The 
principal landowners are Sir M. W. Eidley, Bart., H. S. Storey, Esq., and 
Hugh Taylor, Esq. Cramlington was formerly held under the barony of 
Gaugy, by a family who bore the local name, but on the Mlure of the male 
line, in the latter part of the reign of Henry V. it was transferred by mar- 
riage to the Lawsons, and subsequently to the Cholmleys, and Radcliffes, 
becoming ultimately the property of the present proprietors. 

The Village of Cramlington is pleasantly situated on a fertile and gentle 
elevation, commanding beautiful and extensive views of the surrounding coun- 
try, and the German Ocean. It is distant about eight and a half miles north- 
east from Newcastle. The Chapel is a neat edifice, dedicated to St. Nicholas. 
The living is a perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry of Northumberland and 
deanery of Newcastle, gross income, £75. The tithes were commuted in 
1839 ; aggregate amount of the Bishop of Carlisle's, £266. 13s. 4d. ; of the 
Dean and Chapter of Carlisle's, £266. 13s. 4d. ; and of the impropriator, 
£102. Patron, Sir M. W. Eidley, Bart. ; incumbent, the Eev. Robert Green- 
wood. This village possesses two day schools, one of which, the " Cram- 
lington National School for Girls," mth the teacher's house adjoining, was 
erected at the sole expense of Mrs. Storey, of Arcot Hall, who, also, endowed 
the school with an income of £30 per annum. It was opened in 1853. 
Margaret McKenzie, teacher. 



432 



CASTLE WARD — EAST DIVISION. 



Here is Ceamlington Hall, the seat of Hugli Taylor, Esq., and Aecot 
Hall, the residence of Henry Shum Storey, Esq. 

Cramlington Colliery, or, as some call it, East Cramlington Colliery, is a 
considerable collection of cottages, inhabited principally by the workmen 
employed in and about the colliery from which the place derives its name. 
It is situated contiguous to the boundary of Seaton Delaval, and possesses 
two small chapels, belonging, respectively, to the Primitive and Wesleyan 
Methodists. There is also a day school, conducted by Mr. David Stokoe. 

Ceamlington High Pit is a colliery hamlet, situated about a mile east of 
the village of Cramlington. West Cra:\ilington Colliery is another hamlet 
similar to the one just mentioned. In 1850, two small chapels were erected 
here by the Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists. A school for the education 
of the colliery children was opened here in 1849. The present building not 
being sufficiently commodious for the number of pu];)ils in attendance, it is 
purposed, by John Walker, Esq. of Seaton Burn, and the other owners of 
the colliery, to erect a more suitable school-room during the present year. 
William Hornsby and Jane Robson, teachers. 

Charity. — Robert Store3% who died in August, 18"22, left £100 to be laid 
out on government security, on trust that the di^ddends should be paid to the 
chaplain and churchwardens of the chapelry, for the benefit and relief of the 
poorest or least able to work, of the necessitous inhabitants of the village of 
Cramlington or precincts thereof, male and female, belonging to the chapelry 
of Cramlington. 



Post Office, Cbamlington, Thomas Bell, postmaster. 
Delaval, at noon, and are despatched thereto at 2 p.m 



Letters arrive from Seaton 



Atthey Thomas, grocer and flour dealer, 
West Cramlington 

Ban-as James, butcher and grocer, West 
Cramhngton 

Bell John W. grocer, East Cramlington 

Bell Thomas, grocer, flour dealer, and far- 
mer, Cramlington 

Bell Wilham, brick and tile manufacturer, 
and land agent, West Cramlington 

Bell William, grocer, East Cramhngton 

BirdWm. shoemaker, West Cramlington 

Bm-linson Jno. foreman smith, Cramlington 
Colliery 

Carr Thomas, grocer and flour dealer, 
Cramlington High Pit 

Carr William, farm manager, East Cram- 
lington Colliery 

Carter Thomas, coal inspector, East Cram- 
lington Colliery. 

Clough Robt. grocer, &:c. West Cramlington 
ColUery 

Craig Robert, surgeon, Cramlington 

Dawson Thomas, foreman engineer, Cram- 
lington Colliery 



Dinning Thomas, blacksmith and agricul- 
tural implement maker, Cramlington 

Edgar Thomas P. grocer and flour dealer. 
West Cramlington 

Ellison John, boot and shoemaker, Cram- 
lington 

Fairmann Piobt. mercht. tailor, Cramlington 

Foster Mary, schoolmistress, East Cram- 
lington Colliery 

Graham Thomas, smith, West Cx'amlington 
Colliery 

Gray Anthony, boot and shoemaker, Cram- 
hngton 

Gray Edward, coal inspector, West Cram- 
lington Colhery 

Gray WiUiam, leather cutter, and boot and 
shoemaker, Cramlington 

Hagan Edward, linen and woollen draper, 
Cramlington 

Halifax Pve v. Joseph, curate of St. Nicholas's 
Chapel, Cramlington 

Hardy JoJin, butcher, Cramhngton 

Henderson Joseph, y\ci. Blue Bell Inn, V{e^i 
Cramlington 



EAESDON PARISH. 



433 



Hornsby William, schoolmaster, Colliery 

School, West Cramhngton 
Hughes William, draper, West Cramlington 
Jobling Elizabeth, vict. Doctor Syntax Inn, 

South Cramlington 
Lawson Mark, vict. Blue Bell Inn, Cram- 
lington 
Liddle H. joiner and builder, Cramlington 
Maddison William, under viewer, West 

Cramlington Colliery 
McKenzie Margaret, schoolmistress, Cram- 
lington Girls'-school 
Milburn Eobert, tailor, Cramlington 
Moore William butcher, Cramlington 
Morris Thomas, beerseller and shopkeeper, 

Cramlington 
Mundy Joseph, station master, Cramlington 

Railway-station 
Paine John, butcher, Cramlington 
Percy Joseph, vict. & carrier, Fox & Hounds 

Inn, CramHiigton 
Potter Mr. Edward, colliery viewer, Cram- 
lington House 
Potts Michael, cariier from Cramlington to 
Newcastle on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and 
Saturdays 
Potts Wm. joiner & cartwright, Cramlington 
Eamsay John, coal inspector, West Cram- 
lington Colliery 
EichardsonJohu, butcher, WestCramlington 
Eobinson Thomas, mason, Cramlington 
Eobinson William, vict. Railway Tavern 
Eobson Jane, schoolmistress, West Cram- 
lington Colliery school 



Eobson George, smith, V/est Cramlington 
Simmons George, gardener and seedsman, 

Cramlington 
Stephenson Josiah Wheatley, tailor, Cram- 
lington 
Stokoe Edward, schoolmaster, East Cram- 

hngton Colliery 
Storey Henry Shum, Esq. Arcot Hall 
Taylor Hugh, Esq. Cramlington Hall 
Tate Wm. overman, Cramhngton Colhery 
Telford William, under-viewer, Cramhngton 

Colliery 
Thompson Wm. grocer and draper, Albion 

House, Cramlington 
Vint Thomas, shopkeeper, Cramlington 
Weddell Jolm schoolmaster, Cramlington 
Young Mrs. Ealph, Crow Hall 

Farmers 

Bell Thomas, Cramlington 

Boutfiower John, Bassington 

Hood Edward, and Hood Edward, juru 

Cramlington Moor House 
Lowes John, Cramlington Beacon 
Millburn Ealph and John, Dam Dykes 
Eiddle Geo. sen. aud Eiddle Geo. jun. and 

Edwd. Eiddle, Cramlington White Hall 
Sisterson Thomas, South Cramlington 
Smith John, Shank House 
Smith Eobert, and overseer, Cramlington 
Wardle Thomas, Cramlington 

Carrier, Joseph Percy, from Fox & Hounds 
Inn, Cramlington 



EARSDON PARISH. 



Eaesdon, a parish comprising the townships of Backworth, Bljth and 
Newsham, Burradon, Earsdon, Hartley, Holywell, Seaton Delaval, and Sighill, 
is bounded on the north by Bedlingtonshire, on the west by Long Benton, 
Cramhngton, and Horton, on the south by Tynemouth, and on the east by 
the German Ocean. It is a rich and fertile district abounding with excellent 
stone and coal, of which great quantities are annually exported from Blyth 
and Hartley. The surface of the parish consists of gentle undulations, and 
is well suited for various kinds of agricultural produce. It is about seven 
and a half miles in length by six in breadth, and comprises an area of 
11,646 acres, The population in 1801, was 3,651 ; in 1811, 4,388 : in 1851, 
4,644; in 1831, 6,460; in 184,1, 9,429; and in 1851, it had increased to 
10,982 souls. 

Blyth (South) is a chapelry, township, and seaport, in Earsdou parish, 
situated on the southern bank of the river Bl3^th at its junction with the 
German Ocean, nine miles south-east of Morpeth, and thirteen miles uorth- 

2d 



434 CASTLE WARD — EAST DIVISION. 

east of Newcastle. Blyth and Newsham lordship from one townsliip whose 
area is 1,180 acres ; and its population in 1801, was 1,170 ; in 1811, 1,522 ; in 
1821, 1,805; in 1831, 1,789; in 1841, 1,921; and in 1851, it had increased 
to 2,584, souls The principal landowner is Sir Matthew White, Ridlej^ 
Bart. Steam coal of excellent quality is raised in this neighbourhood, 
three of the principal mines being calculated to produce from 1,700 to 2,000 
tons per diem, and affording, ^\dth the other collieries of the district, abundant 
employment for shipping. From the neighbourhood of Gloucester Lodge, 
and Link Houses, beautiful views of the beach, Bath-row, and Camboise water, 
may be obtained. Warm, cold, and shower baths have been recently estab- 
lished at Bath Row, and Crofton Mills, and families can be comfortably accom- 
modated at the various inns in the neighbourhood. 

Blyth, hke many other places, has risen rapidly, and is mainly indebted for 
its present prosperous condition, to the energetic and industrious character 
of its inhabitants. A considerable portion of the town has extended into the 
adjoining township of Gowpen — and Gowpen Square, Cowpen Quay, Groftou, 
Crofton Mills, and Waterloo, now form part of the town and port of Blyth. 
Formerly the streets were small and irregular, and the general arrangement 
of the buildings inconvenient, but now the town contains several spacious 
streets, and the aspect of the different buildings is much improved. The houses 
are chiefly constructed of brick and are generally two stories high. Water 
works have been recently constructed in the lordship of Newsham, by Sir M. W. 
Ridley, Bart., and there is no doubt that the cleanliness and sanitary condition 
of the place will thereby be much improved. House j)ioperty continues to 
increase, and ample accommodation for visitors is now to be met with. Gas 
works have been erected by a joint-stock company, who have a large gasometer 
in a central situation between Blyth and Gowpen Quay, and the lighting of the 
town with gas has much improved its general appearance. The harbour of Blyth, 
situated within a short distance of the Germ-an Ocean is very safe, and there 
are few instances upon record of vessels suffering damage upon entering it, 
even in the most tempestuous weather. It has a south-easterly outlet, and 
with the wind in any point from N. N. E., to W. S. W., can be entered by 
vessels under canvass. The depth of water on the bar ranges from eight feet 
at the lowest neap tide to sixteen at the highest spring tide. If a pier and 
water were constructed, it is supposed that the depth of water would be increased 
about two feet. An act of parhament was obtained and received the royal 
assent in 1854, for the construction of docks, and it is expected that the works 
will commence immediately. When the docks are constructed, ships of large 
tonnage will have easy access to deep water, by passing into the sea under 
sail, or by safe towing, and vessels can leave the port by all the leading southerly 
winds. The trade of the port is principally carried on betweenports in France, the 
Baltic and Russia, and ther^ are frequently more French than English sailors 
to be seen on the quays. From its position in the centre of an almost bound- 
less coalfield, Blyth carries on a great trade in the exportation of coal, as the 
following return of tire number of ships, their tonnage, and the number of 
tons annually exported from 1847 to 1852, inclusive wiU sufficiently prove: — 



BLYTH (south). 



435 



1847. 


1848. 


1849. 


1850. 


1851. 


1852. 


No. of ships 


No. of ships 


No. of ships 


No. of ships 


No. of ships 


No. ofships. 


1,417 


1,318 


1,471 


1,854 


1,247 


1,148 


Tonnage 


Tonnage 


Tonnage 


Tonnage 


Tonnage 


Tonnage 


155,176 


155,599 


172,492 ' 


166,374 


144,784 


123,139 


Tons of coal 


Tons of coal 


Tons of coal 


Tons of coal 


Tons of coal 


Tons of coal 


230,056 


232,257 


252,229 


246,751 


209,057 


177,458 



Upwards of 1,200 vessels clear tliis port annually, and about fourteen keels, 
and four steam-boats, are constantly employed on the river. 

The ship-building yards of Blyth are very commodious, possessing ample 
accommodation for the repair of ships, and there is a first-rate dry dock 
capable of receiving vessels of any size up to 800 tons register. There are 
also two patent slip-ways and a floating dock, the latter of which will admit 
vessels of 300 tons burden, without ha^dng to be removed from their moorings. 
Ship-building is extensively carried on, and the superior manner in which the 
work is excuted has caused a great increase in that branch of industry. The 
vessels constructed here, are remarkable for the substantial manner in which 
they are built, for the superiority of their finish, and for their fast sailing 
qusdities. The following return shows the number and tonnage of the vessels 
built here in each year from 1847 to 1853 inclusive :- — 



1847. 


1848. 


1849. 


1850. 


1851. 


1852. 


1853. 


Ships. 
4 . 
Tons 
645 


Ships. 

4 

Tons 

821 


Ships. 

4 
Tons 
1,055 


Ships. 

4 
Tons 
769 


Ships. 

4 
Tons 
1,085 


Ships. 

3 
Tons 
1,201 


Ships. 

5 
Tons 
1,980 



The Chapel situated in Northumberland-street is a neat building, erected 
in 1751, by Sir Matthew White Eidley, Bart, for the use of the inhabitants. 
It is surrounded by a burial ground and has a Sunday school attached. Eev. 
Robert Greenwood, chaplain. — The English Presbyteejan Church is 
situated in Church-street ; it is a commodious brick edifice, possessmg ac- 
commodation for about 500 hearers. Rev. John Reid, minister. — The 
Methodist New Connexion, or Zion Chapel, erected in 1818, is situated 
at Waterloo ; it is an octagonal builduig, and has sittings for about 700 
persons. Rev. Joseph Simon, minister. — The United Presbyterian 
Church, Waterloo Place, was erected in 1825, at a cost of ^600. It is a 
small handsome stone building seated for 450 persons. The Rev. Daniel 
Carmichael, the present minister, has officiated here for the last 26 years. — 
The Wesleyan Chapel, Ballast Hills, erected in 1815, is a neat brick build- 
ing, and is capable of accommodating upwards of 600 hearers. There is also 
a Primitive Methodist Chapel at Cowpen Qua}'. 

The Catholics of tins town and neighbourhood go to Cowpen, where there 
is a very beautiful Catholic Church, erected and endowed by Marlow John 



436 CASTLE WAED— EAST DIVISION. 

Francis Sidney, Esq, The above-mentioned places of worship have Day and 
Sunday schools attached, which are well attended. 

The Custom House is situated at the north hank of the river Blyth, and 
is under the control of the establishment at North Shields. It is super- 
intended by Mr. James Irwin, sub-collector, and Mr. James Scott, sub- 
comptroller. The district of coast under the Custom House here extends 
from Lynn Burn in the north, to Brierdean Burn in the south, a distance 
of twelve miles. The Coast Guard Office is situated at the Low Quay. 
J. T. Sullivan, R.N. commanding officer; and the Harboub Master's Office 
is on the High Quay, George Harrison, master. A circular stone lighthouse 
was erected here in the year 1788, by Sir M. W. Ridley; William Morrison is 
the present keeper. There is also a beacon light called the " Basket Rock 
Light," or more commonly " Jack in the Basket." During the French wars 
a detachment of soldiers from Tynemouth did duty at a small fort which had 
been erected here. 

There is a Mechanics Institution in Northumberland-street, Mr. John 
Robert Forster, secretary — and a News Room in the same street, which is 
well supphed with London and local papers. Mr. John Dent, secretary. 
The Pilot Office is situated at the Feriy Boat Landing, Robert Oliver, 
master ; and the Shipwrecked Fishermen and Mariners Royal Benevo- 
lent Society has its offices in Northumberland-street, Mr. James Darling, 
honorary secretary. Here are also two Ship Insurance Clubs, the " Marine," 
and " Friendly," which are held at the Star and Garter Inn. Mr. William 
Marshall is the secretary of the former, and Mr. James Darling of the latter. 
Besides these there are building, friendly, and other societies. Petty Sessions 
are held at the Ridley Arms Inn once a month, and a kind of market for the 
sale of vegetables is held every Saturday. 

A Life Boat is stationed here and a second is in contemplation. 'A 
melancholy disaster attended the use of the life boat on the 3rd of April, 
1810, when it was manned by sixteen persons, who went to the assistance of 
the Hartley and Cullercoats fishermen, who had been overtaken by a violent 
gale. Twelve fishermen were taken on board the boat, which immediately 
made for the shore at Hartley Bates, but on its approaching the land it was 
struck by a heavy sea and twenty-six poor fellows found a w^atery grave. A second 
accident, which is still fresh in the memories of the inhabitants, occurred on 
the 28th October, 1841. The Sibsons from Archangel, appeared off Blyth. 
Mr. Hodgson the owner of the vessel had charge of the life boat, and it being 
customary to try its capabilities when the. sea ran high, advantage was taken 
of the opportunity which then effered. Mr. Hodgson and the crew embarked, 
but scarcely had they crossed the bar, when the boat was upset and its inmates 
thrown into the sea. The men clung to the bottom of the boat, from which 
they were successively washed away by the violence of the waves. Mr. 
Hodgson, being a cripple and unable to make much exertion, tied an oar to 
his wrist, and by that means was enabled to keep afloat until he was rescued. 
Another man, Henry Kinch, escaped by his superior swimming, the others 
were lost. 



BLYTH (south) DIRECTORY. 



437 



NiswsHAM is a lordship and joint township with Bl} th, held forvnerjy ir; 
capite of Henry III. by the Ueleval family, from wliom it passed to the 
Cramlingtons, and Radcliffes, becoming ultimately the property of the Ridleys. 
It is situated one mile and three-quarters south by west of Blyth, to which it 
united about sixty years ago, having been previously a separate township. 
The Blyth and Tyne Railway Company have a station here. 

Link House is a hamlet in this lordship, one mile south of Blyth. 

Biography. — Mr. William Carr, of this town, was, when in his prime, a 
prodigy of strength. He was born at Hartley Old Engine, on the 8rd of 
April, 1 766, and at the early age of eleven years was apprenticed to his father 
who carried on business as a blacksmith, at that place. When he had attained his 
seventeenth year, he was upwards of six feet three inches in height, weighed 16 
stones, and could raise from the ground seven or eight hundred weight with the 
greatest ease. At thirty he measured six feet four inches, and weighed 24 
stones. We are told that, at this period, he carried an anchor weighing ten 
hundred w^eight, from the sands to his father's shop, for repairs. By his 
frequent and violent exertions of this nature, he became, at a period of life 
when most men are in their prime, quite enfeebled, and unable to sustain 
his immense body. For some time he was enabled to walk by the aid of 
sticks, but nature at length refused this kind of assistance, and he finally 
took to his bed, where he lay for several years. Distressed in mind, and 
weakened in body, he died at Blyth on the 6th of September, 1895, in the 
sixtieth year of his age. 



BLYTH (SOUTH) DIRECTORY. 

Post Ofpice, Northumberland-street, Thomas Gray, post-master.—- Letters amve 
from North Shields at 10-30 a.m. and are despatched thereto at 2-30 p.m. and to 
Morpeth at 1-30 p.m. 



Miscellany 
Appleby Henry, shipwright and sea captain, 

2, Cam den-street, Cowpen Quay 
Baron Mr. George, Crofton Cottage 
Bell Robert, salt manufacturer. Low Quay 
Briggs Robert Ray, brewer, &c. Bridge-st 
Campbell James, iron and tin plate worker, 

Market-place 
Carmichael Rev. Daniel, (Presbyterian) 

Waterloo 
Carr John, colliery owner, Bath-row 
Charlton Wilham, deputy registrar of births 

and deaths, &c Northumberland-street 
Coxon George, ship building manager for 

Mrs. Stoveld, Blyth Dock 
Colven Andrew, green grocer, Cowpen Quay 
Crawford Mr. Ralph, Ridley-place 
Darling Jas. insurance agent, &c. Bath-row 
Dent Mr. John, ship owner, Ridley -place 
Dixon John, butcher, Waterloo 



Dodds Philip, ship and general smith (Wm« 
Dodds & Sons) ; ho. 1, York-street 

Farrow Sarah, public baths, Bath-row 

Forster John, secretary to the Blyth 
Mechanics* Institution 

Gair George, smith and farrier (manager 
for Mrs. Jane Gair), Church-street 

Gilbert Jane, earthenware dealer, Mai-ket-pl 

Gilbert Thomas, French interpreter, Blag- 
don-street 

Goldie Mr. James, classical and mathema- 
tical teacher, &c. Waterloo 

Gray William, agent, Cowpen ColUery 

Greenwood Rev. Robert, incumbent of 
Cramlington, Link House 

Gregory Ralph, grocer, and Yainnouth flour 
dealer, Cowpen Quay 

Hanson Rev. J. Bridge-street 

Harrison George, harbour master, Waterloo 

Hodgson Richard, corn miller, Crofton Mills 



438 



CASTLE WAED— EAST DITISION. 



Heppell Yvilliam, block, mast, and pump 

maker, Xelson-place 
Hodgson Joseph, general agent, & receiver 

of droits of Admiralty, Waterloo 
Inness Thomas, staithman, High Quay 
MackenzieWm. ship owner and corn miller, 

Cowpen Mill ; ho. CJowpen Quay 
Marshall George, joiner, builder, and cart^ 

Wright, Waggon HiU 
Irwin Jas. collector of customs, Waterloo 
Kinch Henry, ship chandler, High Quay 
Lawson Mrs. E. Waterloo 
Lawson Mr. George, Crofton 
Marshall George, joiner, builder, and cart- 

Avright, near Waggon Hill 
Middlemiss John, Aact. Ridleij Arms Inn, 

Northumberland-street; and iron and 

brass founder. Low Quay 
Morriss Robert I\L agent to Sir Matthew 

White Eidley, Bart.; and land & cpUiery 

agent, Northumberland-street 
Morrison Edward, steam-boat master; ho. 

near the Harbour 
Morrison Wilham, lighthouse keeper ; ho. 

near the Harbour 
Pape J. collector of poor rates, Market-pl 
Reed Eobeii, viewer, Cowpen Quay 



Redhead Geo. boat builder, Cowpen Quay 
Scott J. comptroller of customs, Crofton 
Smith Mrs. Mary, Northumberland street 
Smith Stephen, millwright, Northumber- 
land-street 
Sidney Marlow John Irancis, Esq. J.P. 

Cowpen 
Sidney M. W. J. solicitor, Blagdon-street; 

ho. Cowpen 
Simon Rev. Joseph, Waterloo 
Turnbull James, cooper, Sussex-street 
Turner Da-\id, excise officer, Waterloo 
Ward Gilbert, Esq. M.C.S.L.H. medical 
officer for the Blyth district of Tyne- 
mouth Union, public vaccinator, registrar 
of births and deaths, and ship owner, 
Bridge-street 
Watts J\Ir. John, Crofton 
Watts Edmund H. jun. rope and sail maker, 
ship and insm'ance broker, Swedish and 
N-orwegian vice consulate, and secretary 
to the Morning Star Insurance Associa- 
tion, Low Quay ; ho. Cowpen House 
Wilson Mr. John, Bath-row 
Wright Mrs. Ann, timber and slate mer- 
chant, Bridge-street 
Wright Mr. Joseph Edmund, Bridge-street 



TEADES AND PEOFESSIONS. 



Academies and Schools 
Charlton Wilham, Blyth Cha- 
pel School 
Dryden Jane, Yfaterloo 
Duxfield Jane, Sussex-street 
Duxfield Timothy, Church-st 
Goldie James, boarding and 
day, and teacher of lan- 
guages, Waterloo 
Reed Thomas, Cowpen 
SeottBenjamin,CroftonMills; 

ho. Blyth Links 
Storey Mary, Northumber- 
land-street 
Temple Edward, Crofton 
Wesleyan School, Ballast- 
hill; Wm. Andrew, teacher 

Agents 
Arkless John G. Bridge-st 
Coppin Wm. jun. ship and 

custom house, Ridley -ter 
Hodgson Joseph, general, & 

to Lloyds; Waterloo 
Auctioneers and Appraisers 
Cockerill Wm. Northumber- 
land-street 



Johnston Joseph, Crofton 
Maxwell Wm. Blagdon- street 
Ruddock Wm. Northumber- 
land-street 

Bakers 

Clark Wm. Cowpen Quay 
Davison John, Biagdon-st 
Elder Thomas, and grocer, 

Sussex-street 
Jaggs William, Ridley-teiTace 
Newman John, Market-place 

Banks 

NORTHUMBErXAXD AND DUS- 

HAM District, Brewery- 
office; Eobt.R.Brigg3,agent 
Newcastle, Shields, and 

SUNDERLA^TD UnION JoraT 

Stock, Sussex-street ; M. 
Gray, agent 

Block and Mast Makers 
Bowman and Drummond, 

Cowpen Quay 
Heppell Thomas, High Quay 
Smith Wm. Ranson, Blyth 
Stevenson Wm, High Quay 



Boot and Shoe Makers 
Alder John Charlton, Mar- 
ket-place 
Cummins Geo. Cowpen Quay 
DerHng Barkas, Northum- 
berland-street 
Davison Wm. High Quay 
Dodds John, High Quay 
Doulgas Edw^ard, Sussex-st 
Forster William, Northum- 
berland-street 
Hand Thomas, Waterloo 
Hunter George, Church-st 
Lynn Joseph, & innkeeper, 
Ship Inn, Albert-street; 
Cowper Quay 
Manners George, Low Quay 
Moffit John, dealer,Su3sex-st 
Smith Wm. Watt, Church-st 
Soulsby George, Northum- 
berland-street 
Suthern Philip, Bridge-street 
Tynemouth John, Back Rid- 
ley-terrace 
Wallace John, Sussex-street 
Wilson Robert, Nelson-street 
Wrightson Geo. Low Quay ' 



BLTTH (south) BIEECTOEY. 



439 



Butchers 

Bennett Timothy, Eidley-ter 
Cowans "William, High Pans 
Dixon John, Waterloo 
Davis Eobert, Cowpen Quay 
Dobson John, Sussex-street 
Dolmohay John, Low Quay 
Gledstone Gilbfert, Kidley-ter 
Heron Edward, Sussex-st. 

and Low Quay 
Eeavely Tlios. Ridley-terrace 
Soulsby John, Cowpen Quay 
Towns John, Blagdon-street 

Cabinet Makers and Joiners 
Davison Jno. Northmbrld-st 
Kelsey Emanuel, Cowpen 

Quay 
Maxwell William, junior, 

Blagdon-street 
Maxwell Wm. Blagdon-st 
Tulley David, Cowpen Quay 
Winsbip Wm. Cowpen Quay 

Coal Fitters 

Dryden Benjamin, Waterloo 

Gibson Thomas, Eidlej-ter 

Staflford Francis, Cowpen 

Quay 

Confectioners 
Diividson Ann, Nrthmbrld-st 
Jaggs William, Eidley-ter 
Mills Hannah, Blaydon-st 
Towns Margaretta, Blagdon- 
street 

Consuls 

E E E N c H. — Gilbert Ward, 

Bridge-street 
Sweden, akd Norway. — 

Edmund H. Watts, junior, 

Blyth 

Drapers and Tailors 
Marked * are Drapers only. 
Anderson Nathaniel, High 
Quay 

* Clough Wm. Market-place 

* Crisp Jas. Blagdon-street 
Davison Jas. Market-place 
Detchton Eobert, Sussex-st 

* EUiott Eobt. Blagdon-st 
Gray Eobt. & Co. Sussex-st 

* Guthrie Aaron Eobert, 
Cowpen Quay 

Joblin Joseph, Market-place 
Johnston Joseph, Sussex-st 
Newsome Saml, Sussex-st 



Nicholson Edw. Sussex-st 
* Wallace Jno. Blagdon-st 

Dressmakers and Milliners 
Alder Ann, Northumberld-st 
Broadie Isabella, Crofton 
Butcher Ann, Back Eidley-ter 
Crisp Elizabeth, Blagdon-st 
Dumble Jane, Northumbld-st 
Foreman Margaret, North- 
umberland-street 
Forster Ann, Eidley-terrace 
Forth Jane, Low Quay 
Heppell Isabella, Waterloo 
Patterson Jane, Cowpen-sq 
Soulsby Mary,Northumbld-st 

Druggists and Grocers 
Forster John Eobert, and 

chemist. Market-place 
Thompson Jas. Market-place 
Y/ilkinson Thomas,Bridge-st 

farmers 

Bennett Joseph, Low News- 
ham 
Greig John, B arras Farm, 

Newsham 
Hogg Fawcus, Blyth Link 
Hogg Thomas Link House 
Lamb Stephen, vict. and 
gardener and seedsman. 
Half Moon Inn, Blyth Link 
House 
Milburn G. High Newsham 
Wilson John, Low Newsham 
Wright Ann, Crofton 

Gardeners (Market) 
Bell John, near Waggon Hill 
LambStephen,and seedsman 

and farmer, Blyth Link 

House 
Shanks Eobert, CowpenQuay 

Grocery, Tea, Flour, and 
General Dealers 

Anderson Barbara,Northum- 

berland-street 
Anderson Nathel. High Quay 
Bell William, Blagdon-street 
Best Walter, Market-place 
Brown Jane, Queen 's-lane 
Brown Mary, Waterloo 
Campbell Margt. Eidley-ter 
Charlton William, Northum- 
berland-street 



GHnton Jas. Northumbld-st 
Davison John,Blagdon-street 
Davison Philip, & shipwright, 

Cowpen Quay 
Ditchburn Thos. Newsham 
Dixon Matthew,CowpenQ,uay 
Dodds Eleanor, Waterloo 
Duxfield Ann, Sussex-street 
Elder Thomas, and baker, 

Sussex-street 
Garrett John, Cowpen Quay 
Gleghorn Mary,CowpenQuay 
Grey Eobert & Co. Sussex-st 
Gray Betsy Ann, Eidley-ter 
Gregory Ealph,& Yarmouth 

flour dealer, Cowpen Quay 
Guthrie A. E. Cowpen Quay 
Hindmarch Sarah, Cowpen 

Quay 
Hindmarch Thos. Eidley-ter 
Hossick John, Crofton 
Jacks Eodger, Blyth 
Jamison Jane, Cowpen Quay 
Leech Robert, Cowpen Quay 
Lynn Joseph, & vict. Albert-st, 

Cowpen Quay 
Marshall Cecily, Waterloo 
Morton Hannah, Northum- 
berland ^ street 
Newman John, Market-place 
Short Hannah, Cowpen Quay 
Simpson John, Cowpen Quay 
Snowdon John, Cowpen Quay 
Sivan Charles, Blagdon-st 
Thompson M. Cowpen Quay 
Towns Edward, Cowpen Quay 
Towns Margaretta, Blagdon- 
street 
Wann Margaret, Sussex-st 
Wealands Lancelot, YVaterloo 
Welch Mary, Blagdon-street 
Wilkie Jas. Saltpan-square 
Wilkinson Thos. Bridge-st 
Wood John Job,CowpenQuay 
Wood George, Cowpen Quay 

Hair Dressers 
Euddock Wm. Northumber- 
land-street 
Scott Eobert, Cowpen Quay 
ShanksEobert, Chiu-ch-street 

Hosiers and Haberdashers 
Crisp James, Blagdon-street 
Davison John, Blagdon-street 
Temple Nathaniel, North- 
umberland-street 



440 



CASTLE WAED — EAST DIVISTOX. 



Inns, Hotels, and Taverns 

Bath Hotel, Matthew Forster, Crofton Mills 
Black Bull Inn, Eobt. G-runsou, Sussex- 
street 
Buffalo, Lionel Aynsley, Cowpen Quay 
Coynmercial, James Shipley, Waterloo 
Bun Coio Inn, Mary Moflfet, Low Quay 
Fox and Hounds, James Sample, Cowpen 

Quay 
Globe, Margaret Jobliug, Waterloo 
Grey Horse, George Cook, Cowpen Quay 
Half Moon Inn, Stephen Lamb, Blyth 

Link House 
King^s Arms, Joseph Brown, Cowpen Quay 
King's Head, Thomas Norman, Northum- 
berland-street 
Lord Nelson, William Davison, High Quay 
Masons' Arms, John Hossick, Crofton 
Nag's Head, Wm. Cockerill, Nothumbld.-st 
Northwnberland Arms, James Brydon, 
Cowpen Quay 



Odd-Fellows' Arms, John EicIiardson,North- 

umberland-street 
Queen's Head, Phillip Tully, Cowpen Quay 
Bidley Arms' Inn, and posting house, John 

Middlemiss, Northumberland-street 
Ship Inn, Joseph Lynn, Albert-street, Cow- 
pen Quay 
Ship, John Cummins, Crofton 
Star and Garter Inn, and posting house, 

William Ward, Northumberland-street 
Sun, Ann Gremson, Low Quay 
Sun, Ann Bowman, Cowpen Quay 
Victoria, John Dodds, Cowpen Quay 
Waggon, Thomas Young, Crofton 
Waterloo, William Dick, Waterloo 
White Swan, Catiierine Wallace, Waterloo 
Willoxo Tree, Jane Frost, Newsham 

Beerhouses 
Weatherby Thomas, Cowpen Quay 
Wood John, Cowpen Quay 



Insurance Companies' Agents 

Blyth Freight and Cargo, 

James Darling, Bath-row 
Blyth Friendly, Marine, 

James Darling, Bath-row 
Manchester, Fire, WiUiam 

Clough, Market-place 
Metropolitan, Life, Wm. 

Ruddock, Northumbrld.-st 
Newcastle, Commercial, 

James Darling, Bath-row 
Newcastle, Fire, John H. 

Carins, Northumberld.-st 
NorwichUnio n. Fire &LirE , 

M. W.J. Sidney,Blagdon-st 
Star, Life, William Clough, 

Market-place 
Temperance Provident and 

General Life, W. G. 

Patterson, Low Quay 
Yorkshire, Fire and Life, 

John Bobinson, Sussex-st 

Ironmongers 

Brewis William, Sussex-st 
Carins John H. Northumber- 
land-street 
Whitehead Wm. Blagdon-si 

Joiners and House Carpenters 

See also Cabinet-makers and 

Joiners. 
Dixon Joseph, Cowpen Quay 
Dixon Matt. Cowpen Quay 



Elliott John, and ship. 
Low Quay; ho. Sidney-st. 
Cowpen Quay 
Fenwick John, Waterloo 
Fenwick Thomas, Wapping 
Gatis Edward, Northumber- 
land-street 
Harbottle Eobert, Waterloo 
Heppell Tristram, High Quay 
Kelsey Emanuel, Cowpen Q.y 
Marshall Geo. & builder & 

cartwright, W^aggon-hill 
Tully David, Cowpen Quay 
Tully Philip, Cowpen Quay 
Wealands Lancelot,Waterloo 
Winship Wm. Cowpen Quay 

Masons 
Bullock Thos. Crofton mills 
FuUbeck Richd.CowpenQuay 
Hossick John, Crofton 
Hunter Wm. Northmbrld-st 
Mills John, Blagdon-street 
Richardson John, Crofton 

Master Mariners 
Appleby Henrj^, 2, Cobden- 

street, Cowpen Quay 
Appleby John, Cowpen Quay 
Bell Robert, Cowpen Quay 
Bergin Richd. Cowpen Quay 
Bergin Stephen, Waterloo 
BiacklockThos. Cowpen Quny 
Brown Geo. Cowpen Quay 



Burn William, Eidley-ter 
Carr Lancelot, Cowpen Quay 
Cole John, Cowpen Quay 
Cooper Jas. Northmbrlnd-st 
Cowans Thos. Ridley-terrace 
Curry Robt. Cowpen Quay 
Darling Jas. jun. Bath-row 
Dawson Geo. Cowpen Quay 
Dent William, Nelson-place 
Dixon George Hindhaugh, 

Bridge street 
Dobson Geo. Cowpen Quay 
Dunn Thos. Cowpen Quay 
Duxiield Henry, Church- st 
Elliott Ninian, Cowpen Quay 
Farrow Wm. Cowpen Quay 
Foreman Jno. Cowpen Quay 
Freeman George, High Quay 
Gibson John, Cowpen Quay 
Gibson Thos. Cowpen Quay 
Gibson Thos. Waterloo 
Gray John, Bridge-street 
Hall Robert, Cowpen Quay 
Hayes William, Waterloo 
Heathley Jas. Cowpen Quay 
Hedley James, Waterloo 
Innes Chas. near the Harbour 
Jobling Thos. Market-place 
Kinch Henry, Ridley-terrace 
Lough Jas. Cowpen Quay 
Mackenzie Edward, Cowpen 

Quay 
Manners Jas. Cowpen Quay 



J 



BLYTH (south) DIRECTORY. 



441 



Master Mariners— co)rfjni^(Z. 
Manners Jno. Cowpen Quay 
Man- James, Cowpen Quay 
Mitchell George, Waterloo 
Morrison Edward, steamboat 

master ; house neai' the 

Harbour 
Newman Henry, Waterloo 
Norman Jno. Cowpen Quay 
Pill Eichard, Cowpen Quay 
Potts John, Cowpen Quay 
Potts Thos. Cowpea Quay 
Potts William, Crofton 
Quack AYilliam, Waterloo 
Ramsay Thos. Cowpen Quay 
Bedford Jno. Cowpen Quay 
Sample Jno. Cowpen Quay 
Seetur Robert, High Pans 
Smith John, Church-street 
Smith Thos. Nelson-place 
Stavers John, Waterloo 
Steel John, Blagdon-street 
Tate James, Cowpen Quay 
Totherick Henry, Waterloo 
Turner Edward, Waterloo 
Wallace James, Waterloo 
Weightman Robert, Crofton 
Wheatley Joshua, Cowpen 

Quay 
Wheatley Walker, Nelson-pl 
Wilkie Archibald, Waterloo 
Wilson Matthew, Church-st 
Winship Jno. Cowpen Quay 
Wood George, Waterloo 
Wood James, Cowpen Quay 

Millers 

Davison John, Blagdon-st 
Hodgson Richd.Crofton mills 
Mackenzie William, Cowpen 
Mill, Cowpen Quay 

News Agents 
Ruddock Wm. Nrthmbrld-st 
Young Henry, Cowpen Quay 

Painters and Glaziers 

Aynsley John, Blyth 
Elliott James, Cowpen Quay 
Paiterson W. G. Low Quay 

Pilots 
Armstrong Wm Low Quay 
Brown John, Low Quay 
Burn John, Northmbrld st 
Burn Matthew, Nrthmbrld-st 
Chambers Wm. Ridley-ter 
Davis Marshall, Ridley-ter 
Dolmohay Thos, Low Quay 



Bedford James, Low Quay 
Stephenson John, Low Quay 
Twizell John, Church-street 

Rope and Sail Makers 
Smith Wm. Ranson, North- 
umberland-street 
Watts Edmund H. junior, & 
secretary to the Morning 
StarlnsuranceAssociation, 
&c. Blyth 

Ship Brokers 

Heron James, Bath-row 
Watts Edmund H. junior, & 
insurance, Blyth 

Ship Builders 
Bowman & Drummond, Cow- 
pen Quay 
Robinson Geo. Cowpen Quay 
Stoveld Mrs. Margaret Jane, 
Blyth Dock, GeorgeCoxon, 
manager 

Ship Chandlers 

Brewis William, Sussex- st 
Nicholson Robert, Wapping 
Taylor Edward, Low Quay 

Ship Owners 

Appleby John, Cowpen Quay 
Barron Thos. Bridge-street 
Bell John, near Waggon-hill 
Bell Robert, Cowpen Quay 
Blakey Jas. Northmbrld-st 
Bowman George, Bridge-st 
Brown Isaac, Bebside 
Brown James, Waterloo 
Crawford Mary, Waterloo 

Villa 
Davis Edward, Waterloo 
Davison John, Blagdon-st. 
Dawson George R. Blyth 
Dent John, Ridley place 
Dent William, Nelson-place 
Dobson John, Sussex-street 
Drummond Thomas, Cowpen 

Quay 
Dunn Thos. Cowpen Quay 
Gibson Jno. Cowpen Quay 
Gray Robert & Co. Snssex-st 
Gray Matthew, Bridge-street 
Heppell Thos. Nelson-place 
Heron James, Bath-row 
Hindmarsh Thos. Ri4ley-ter 
Hodgson Joseph, Waterloo 
Jobling Josepli,M ivket-pl.ice 
Kell Robert, Bath-row 
S D S ' 



Knight Thomas, Crofton 
Lawson George, Crofton 
Lawson Henry D. Blyth 
Lough Richard, Waterloo 
Mackenzie Wm. Cowpen Quay 
Milburn William, Bridge-st 
Murray Thomas, Market-pl 
Newman John, Market-place 
Newton Edwd. F. Waterloo 
Parsons John, Ballast Hill 
Ramsay Thomas, Blyth 
Robinson Geo. WeUington- 

street, Cowpen Quay 
Shepherd Wm. Cowpen Quay 
Sidney M. W. J. Blagdon-st 
Smith George, Church-street 
Smith John, Waggon Hill 

House 
Smith Wm. Ranson, North- 

thumberland-street 
Soulsby Robt. Cowpen Quay 
StaffordFranciSjCowpenQuay 
Steel John. Blyth 
Taylor Henry, Waterloo 
Taylor Joseph, Bridge-street 
Towns John, Blagdon-street 
Turnbull James, Sussex-st 
Turner William, Waterloo 
Twizell John, Church-street 
Tynemouth Robert, Blyth 
Wallace Catherine, Waterloo 
Wallace James, Waterloo 
Ward Gilbert, and corn mer- 
chant, &c. Bridge.street 
Wilkie Arch bold, Waterloo 
Wilson John, Bath-row 
Wilson Matthew, Church-st 
Winship Wm. Cowpen Quay 
Wood Geo. Cowpen Quay 

Shipwrights 

Brown David, near the Cus- 
tom House 

Davison Philip, and grocer, 
Cowpen Quay 

Smiths 
Bowman and Drummond, 

Cowpen Quay 
Dodds William, ship and 

general smith, 1, York-st 
Gair George, smith and 

farrier manager 
Gair Jane, Bridge-street 
Sample Jas. Cowpen Quay 
Smoult James, H-gli Quay 
Wilson : hoiiui^. Ferry Boat 

Landinj>- 



443 



CASTLE WARD—- EAST DIYISION. 



Solicitor 
Sidney Marlow William John 
Blagdon-street 

Stationers and Bookbinders 

Alder Wm. Eidley-terrace 
Kobinson John, and chart 
seller, &c. Susses-steeet 

Steam Boat Owners 

Burn John, Bridge-street 
Morrison Edward, steamboat 

master ; ho. near the 

Harbour 
Bedhead Geo. Cowpen Quay 
Sidney M. W. J. Blagdon-st 

Surgeons 

Cocliburn Thos. Waterloo 
Mann Joseph, Bridge-street 
Murray Thos. Market-place 
Smith John. Waggon Hill 
House 



Ward Gilbert, and public 
vaccinator, &c. Bridge-st 

Tallow Chandler 

Parsons John, & ship owner, 
Ballast Hill 

Tailors 
Anderson Nathl. High Quay 
Clarkson J. Cowpen Quay 
Newsome Saml. Sussex-st 
Eichardson John, and inn- 
keeper, Northumberland-st 
Snowdon John, CowpenQuay 
Taylor Nicholas, Waterloo 
Temple Nathl. Northumber- 
land-street 
Turner Edward, Sussex-st 
Wilhs Thomas, CowpenQuay 

"Watch and Clock Makers 
Alder C. G. Northumbld.-st 
Heron John, Cowpen Quay 
Pape John, Market-place 



Conveyances by Eailway 

Blyth and Tyne Eailway 
Station, Cowpen Quay, 
Geo.Turner,8tation master 

Carriers 

To Elsdon^OUerburriyRoches- 
ter, and MorjJeth, Walter 
Best, from the Market- 
place, on Mondays 

To Rothhury, William Bell, 
from Blagdon-street, on 
Mondays 

To Shields, David Davidson, 
from Cowpen Quay, on 
Tuesdays, Thursdays, and 
Saturdays 

To Shields, William Bell, 
from Blagdon-street, on 
Thursdays 

WiUiam Smart, and John 
Southern, are also carriers 



Backwoeth is a township and tillage, tlie propert}'- of tlie Duke of Nortli- 
timbeiiand, The township contains 1,360 acres, and its rateable value is 
£4,961 7b. 7d. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 163 ; in 1811, 
157; in 1821, 243; in 1831, 412; in 1841, 413; and in 1851, 404 souls. 
There is a colherj in this township, worked by Humble, Lamb, & Co., which 
employs upwards of 300 persons. In ancient times Backworth was the 
property of the priors of Tynemouth, with whom it remained till the Disso- 
lution, when it was granted to the Grey family, from whom it was purchased 
by the Duke of Northumberland, for the sum of £95,000. The Village of 
Backworth is situated seven miles north-east of Newcastle. Here is a school 
towards the erection of which the Duke of Northumberland was a large con- 
tributor. Backworth House, in this township, the temporary residence of 
the Rev. H. Bunbury, incumbent of Sighill Church, is pleasantly situated in 
the midst of a fine plantation. Backworth Academy is conducted by Mr. 
Thomas Ramsay. 



Barron, John & William, farmers 
Brown John, innkeeper. Wheat Sheaf Inn 
Bunhury Eev. T. H. incumhsnt of Sighill 

Church 
Darling Heni-y, hutcher 
Dawson Joseph, joiner and cartwright 
Emhleton, John & Eohert, farmers, Back- 
worth Lane Farm 
Emhleton Robert, overseer, Backworth 

Lane Farm 
Hunter James, hanking agent^ Backworth 

Colliery 
Hunter William, Under viewer, Backworth 
Colliery 



Hurst Mr. Thomas G. head colliery viewer, 
Backworth Colliery 

Morpeth Anthony, shopkeeper 

Patterson John, foreman engineer, Back- 
worth Colliery 

Eamsay Mr. Thomas, Backworth Academy, 
Backworth, Newcastle 

Eohson Henry, farmer 

Thompson James, blacksmith 

Turner, Jas. & Thos. farmers, Holystone 

Urwin James, farmer 

Urwin John, farmer 

Urwin Ealph, farmer 

Younger, John & Wm. farmetSj Burradon 



EARSDON PAEIBH. 443 

BcREADON, OE Brieede AN township is situated six and a half miles N.N-E. 
of Newcastle, and comprises an area of 536 acres. Its rateable value is £600, 
and the tithes amount to about £115 per annum. The population in 1801 
was 29; in 1811, 48 ; in 1821, 52 ; in 1831, 67 ; in 1841, 97 ; and in 1851, 
87 souls. Here are excellent freestone quarries and a colliery, the former 
is worked bj Mr. Tate, and the latter by the proprietors of Sighill Colliery. 
This estate was formerly the property of the late W. W. Ogle, Esq. of Causey 
Park, but it is at present in chancery. Here is a fine old tower, which, in 
1552, was the residence of a member of the Anderson family. It is a large 
square edifice, built upon a rocky eminence, commanding an extensive view 
of the surrounding country, and originally consisted of three storeys, with 
an entrance on the eastern side. An arched vault, of twenty-one feet by 
eighteen, constitutes the ground floor, from v/hich a circular stone staircase 
leads to the upper apartments. The original covering of the building is gone, 
and the battlements, with the whole of the upper portion of the building, 
are in a state of great dilapidation. By means of a tile roof a part of this 
ancient pile has been rendered habitable, forming a portion of the adjoining 
farmstead, which is attached to two sides of the tower. 

Directory,— -John and William Younger, farmers, 

Earsdon is a township and village in the parish of the same name, the 
property of the Duke of Northumberland, Hugh Taylor, Esq. and others. 
The township embraces an area of 1,769 acres, and its rateable value is 
£2,279. 10s. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 206; in 1811, 215 ; 
in 1821, 261; in 1831, 628; in 1841, 683: and in 1851, 551 souls. The 
manor of Earsdon was formerly the property of the priors of Tynemouth, as 
was also the parish tithes, with the exception of six shillings paid to the 
Abbey of St. Alban. The Duke of Northumberland is the present possessor 
of the manorial rights and privileges. 

The Village of Eardon is pleasantly situated on a rocky eminence, two 
and a half miles W. from the sea, and four miles N.W. by N. from North 
Shields. The Church, dedicated to St. Alban, the proto-martyr of Britain, 
is a neat structure in the early English style of architecture, erected in 1836, 
at a cost of £2,200. It is situated at the east end of the site of the former 
church which was pulled down after the erection of the present structure. It 
contains 600 sittings, 200 of which are free, and being situated on an eminence, 
its tower can be discerned at a considerable distance by both sea and land. 
It was consecrated by the Lord Bishop of Durham on the 12th of October, 
1837. The parish register commences in 1589. The living, a perpetual 
curacy in the archdeaconry of Northumberland, and deanery of Newcastle, 
is valued in the Liber Regis at £11^; gross income, £119. Rev. Henry 
Warkman, incumbent. The patronage is vested in the proprietors of the 
various estates throughout the parish. 

• The Primitive Methodists have a chapel here. 

Post Office, Earsdon, Michael Coleman, postmaster. Letters flrriye liere from 
Newcastle at 10 a.m. and are despatched thereto at 5-30 p,m. 



Ul 



CASTLE WARD — EAST DITISIOK. 



Aynsley Stephen, relieving officer 

Ban-as Alexander, butcher, EarsdonCollierj 

Bertram Thomas, joiner 

Bell Robert, colliery agent 

Blackburn John, shoemaker 

Blackburn Eobert, vict. Phoenix Inn 

Blackett "William, parish clerk 

Bolton Thomas, farmer 

Bowman Ralph, saddler 

Brown WDliam blacksmith 

Cooper Thomas, shopkeeper 

Curry Mary, dressmaker 

Davison Alexander, tailor 

Davison Francis, superintendent of police 

for the East Division of Castle Ward 
Dunn Edward, boot and shoemaker 
Edwards Mai-y and Son, grocers and pro\-i- 

sion dealers, and dealers in garden 

seeds 
Edwards John Richard, seedsman, &c 
Elliott Edward, stonemason and engraver 
Hislop George, schoolmaster 



Horsley George, grocer and fiour dealer, 

Bertram-place 
Lowes John, blacksmith 
Patterson John, master mariner 
Pyle Thos. H. surgeon & pubhc vaccinator 
Redhead Ann, dressmaker 
Robinson George, vict. Cannon Inn 
Short Maria, grocer and fioiu- dealer 
Storey Peter and George, farmers, Earsdon 

Grange 
Stewait John, fanner 
Taylor Hugh, commissioner to the Duke of 

Northumberland 
Taylor John stonemason 
Taylor Thomas John, colliery viewer 
TurnbuU John, vict. Red Lion Inn 
Warkman Rev. Henrj-, incumbent of Saint 

Alban's-church 
Watson Gawin, farmer, poor law guardian, 

overseer of highways, and overseer of the 

poor, Earsdon North West Farm 
Weatherbiu'n Jas. mole catcher & seedsman 



Hartley is a township and village in this parish, comprising, along with 
Seaton Delaval, 4/219 acres. Population in 1801, 1,639 ; in 1811, 1,87-2 ; 
in 1821, 1,795 ; in 1831, 1,850; in 1841, 1,911 ; and in 1851, 1,627 souls. 
The manor of Hartley was held of the barony of Gaugy, by knight's senice 
in the reign of King John, by Adam de Jesmont, and a mediety of it by Henry 
Delaval, in the reign of Richard II. The Delaval family afterwards acquired 
possessien of the entire mauor, and it is now the property of Lord Hastings. 
On Bate's Island, nearly opposite Hartley, there was formerly a chapel and 
hermitage dedicated to the Blessed Virgin. The Tillage of Hartley is 
situated five miles and a half north of North Shields, and is principally 
inhabited by colhers, sailors, and fishermen. There is a Primitive Methodist 
Chapel here, and one belonging to the Wesley ans at Seaton Grove, a hamlet 
in this township, four and a half miles south of Blyth, 

Seaton Sluice, or Hartley Pans, is a village in the above township, 
containing in 1851, a population of 802 souls. It is situated about hah" a 
mile north of Hartley village, and four miles south of Blyth. It was formerly 
the property of the priors of Tynemouth, and afterwards of the Delaval family, 
from whom it passed to Lord Hastings, and subsequently to the Marquis of 
Waterford. Here are extensive bottle- works, in which many persons are 
employed. A Beading Boom was estabHshed in this village by the operatives 
of the place, in Apiil, 1853. The proprietors of the bottle-works gave them 
a suitable building, rent free, and encouraged, by eveiw means in their power, 
the >;\orkmen in their praiseworthy efforts at self-improvement. jMr. W. 
Marshall, secretary, and Mr. John Taylor, treasurer. 

The harbour here is one of great ciuiosity, having been cut through a solid 
rock. Its entrance is nine hundred feet long, tbh'ty feet broad, and fifty-two 
feet deep, and it is well worthy the attention of the stranger. The haven was 



EARSDON PARISH. 



445 



formed by Sir Ralpli Delaval, and was originally a short distance to the north, 
of small extent, dry at low water, and difficult of access. The river also made 
its course due east, until it was within a little way of the sea, and then by a 
sudden turn discharged itself due north. At the point of this angle the haven 
was made, and in its construction Sir Ralph found plenty to exercise his skill 
and patience. The stone pier which protected it from the north-east wind, was 
several times carried away by the sea, and when this difficulty was overcome, a 
new inconvenience arose, by the port becoming filled with mud and sand, though 
a pretty sharp rill ran through it. In order that this mischief might be 
removed, he placed a strong sluice, with flood-gates upon the brook, and these 
being closed by the coming in of the tide, the back water collected into a 
body and forcing a passage at the ebb, carried all before it, which, twice in 
twenty-four hours, scoured the bed of the haven. The cut through the solid 
freestone rock above-mentioned, and forming the present entrance to the 
harbour, was effected by the late Lord Delaval, from the plans of Thomas 
Delaval, Esq. The word Sluice was added to the name of this place, from the 
sluice and flood-gates at the entrance of the port. The harbour here was in 
great danger of being destroyed by the dreadful hurricane which took place on 
the 2nd of February, 1825. The wind blew a heavy gale from the northward, 
and the sea was tremendously high, which, with the tide, threatened the entire 
demolition of the harbour. A breach was made by the sea through one of the 
piers, but, by veiy great exertions, it was repaired before the next tide. The 
whole of the east side of the stone pier was destroyed, and the entrance to 
the old harbour blocked up. The vessels in the port, did not, however, sus- 
tain any damage. The Seaton Burn rivulet which falls into the sea at 
Seaton Sluice, rises near the Six Mile Bridge, on the Newcastle and Morpeth 
road, and flows in an eastern direction to the sea at this place 

Post Office, Seaton Sluice, James Chrisp, Postmaster. Letters arrive from North 
Shields at 10-20 a.m. and are despatched thereto at 3 p.m. 



Danson Jesse, teacher, Seaton Sluice 
Dryden Thomas, shipowner, Seaton Sluice 
Hartley Bottle Works, Timothy Linds- 
ley, chief clerk, John Barnsley and 
David Marshall, operative managers 
Jobr.ng George, shipowner 
Marine Insurance Association. — Wm. 
Marshall, secretary 



Patterson Mark, painter, Seaton Sluice 
Reading Eoom, Seaton Sluice — William 

Marsh alljsecretary; Jno.Taylor, treasurer 
Eeavely George, schoolmaster, Hartley 
Wandless Anthony, downwright or coalpit 

sinker, Hartley Colliery 
Watson Jno. corn miller, Hartley Water 

Mill 



Boot and Shoe Makers 

Cuthhertson George, Hartley 
Davison W'm. Seaton Sluic^ 
Fraser William, Seaton Sluice 
Hasson Patrick, Hartley 
Johnson WiUiam, Hartley 
Strangham William, Hartley 

Butchers 

Dixon Taylor, Seaton Sluice 



Gillespie John, and farmer, 

Seaton Sluice 
Maddison William, Hartley 

Farmers 

Bowers James, HartleyWater 

Mill 
Gillespie John, and butcher, 

Seaton Sluice 
Patterson Robert, Hartley 



Pattison Joseph, Hartley 
Potts Henry and Richard, 

Brierdon 
Taylor Robert, Crow Hall 

Grocery & Provision Dealers 

Carins Robert, Seaton Sluice 
Douglas Isabella, Seaton 

Sluice 
Fleck Maria Eleanor, Hartley 



445 



CASTLE WARD-^MST DIVISION. 



Gibson Cliarlotte, & draper, 

Seaton Sluice 
Grant Ann, Seaton Sluice 
Grieves John, Seaton Slnice 
Murray Alice, Hartley 
Pattinson Jno. Seaton Sluice 
Smith John, Seaton Sluice 
Thompson Margaret, Seaton 

Sluice 

Inns and Taverns 

Bee Hive, Thomas Finley; 

Clark's Houses 
Black Bull, Matthew Lynn, 

Hartley 
Delaval Arms, M. Chapman, 

Hartley 
Kings Arms, W. Watson, 

Seaton Sluice 



Melton Constable, William 

Mordue 
Shij:), James Chrisp, Seaton 

Sluice 
Three Horse Shoes Inn, Mrs. 

Eliz. Harrison, Hartley 
Waterford Arms, Isabella 

Patterson, Seaton Sluice 

Joiner k Cabinet Maker 

Gibson Eobert, Landing 
House, Seaton Sluice 



Smiths 

Brown William, Hartley 
Winter George, Hartley, 
Bottle Works 



Tailors 

Marked thus* are Merchant 
Tailors. 

* Carins Eobt. Seaton Sluice 
Cowens Eobt. Seaton Sluice 
Harrison Peter, Hartley 
Harper John. Hartley 
Ledman William, Hartley 

* Smith Neil, Seaton Sluice 

Carriers 

Edward Bradley, to North 
Shields, on Thursdays & 
Saturdays 

Thomas Bradley, to New- 
castle, on Thursdays and 
Saturdays 

John Smith, to Shields 



Holywell is a townsMp and village, the property of the Duke of Northum- 
berlaucl, and the executors of the late Pt. Bates, Esq. ofMilburn Hall. The 
township comprises an area of 1,180 acres, and its rateable value is £3,701. 
The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 107 ; in 1811, 124 ; in 1831, 100 ; 
in 1831,478; in 1841, 1,164; and in 1861,1,134 souls. The rapid increase 
of the population observable in this township is attributed to the opening of 
collieries. The manor was formerly held in soccage of the Baliols by the 
Delavals wiio had property here in 1435. At present the manorial rights and 
privileges are possessed by the Duke of Northumberland. The Village of 
Holywell is situated five and a half miles N,N.W. of North Shields, and derives 
its name from Our Lady 'sWell, which is in the immediate vicinity; the medicinal 
properties of the water of this well were formerly much esteemed. It possesses 
the singular property of becommg of a puce colour when galls are mfused into 
it. The village consists of two inns, two shops, and several farm houses 
and cottages. 

East Holywell Colliery is, as its name implies, a colliery hamlet, con- 
sisting of four or five rows of cottages inhabited by the pitmen in the em- 
ployment 01 Hugh Taylor, & Co., the owners of tbe colliery here, of which 
Mr.. Robert Bell is cashier, and Mr. Robert Hann, under viewer. 

West Holywell Colliery is another hamlet in this township, and is 
inhabited by about 160 persons, who are employed in and about the collieiy 
which gives name to the hamlet. This colliery is now worked by the execu- 
tors of William Clarke, Thomas Taylor, John Buddie, and others, Here is 
a small Methodist Chapel, erected in 1829. The Blyth and Tyne Railway 
Company have a station here, George Horsley, station master. 

Seaton Terrace is also a hamlet in this township, situated on the Shields 
and Morpeth Turnpike Road, one mile north of Holywell. It consists of 
a row of neat and substantial stone cottages two stories high, and possesses 
two inns, besides two or three grocers' shops. It is chiefly inhabited by the 
working classes. _ 



KARSDON PABISH. 



44r 



Post Office, West Holtvtell, James Thompson, postmaster.- 
Neweastle at 9.45 a.m, and are despatched thereto at G.25 p.m. 



-Letters arrive from 



Brown Ealph, imder-viewer, West Holywell 
Dixon Thomas, gardener, Holywell 
Hedley John, cashier, West Holywell 



Hann Kobert, under-viewer, East Holywell, 

Colliery ; ho. Blue House Farm 
Stevenson Jas. schoolmaster, West Holywell 



Boot and Shoe Makers 
Charlton AVilham, Holywell 
Clark Henry, Seaton TeiTace 

Butchers 

Barras Cuthbert, vict. Vic toria 
New Inn, Seaton Terrace 

Carr J. Seaton Terrace 

Dixon Thos. Hunter, Holy- 
well 

Marshall E, Holywell 

Fanners 
Meek E. Holywell 
Sankey Stephen, Holywell 

Grange 
Smith Hannah, Fenwick's 

Close 



Smith John, Fenwick's Close 
Smith William, Bank Top 

Grocers and Elour Dealers 

Enghsh Edward, Seaton Ter 
Jeffrey W= Holywell 
Smith Geo. Seaton Terrace 
Tait William, Seaton Terrace 
Temperley John, Holywell 
Thompson Jas. West Holy- 
well 

Inns and Taverns 

Fat Ox Inn, John Ell erington» 

Holywell 
Half Moon, E. Marshall, 

Holyv/ell 



Pmice Albert Inn, Sarah 
Elliott, Seaton Terrace 

Victoria Neio Inn, Cuthbert 
Barras, Seaton Terrace 

Joiner and Cartwright 

Pringle Eleanor, Holywell 

Smith & Agricultural Imple- 
ment Maker 
Eogers James, Holywell 

Tailors 

Bodger Matthew, Seaton Ter 
Bryce John, "Seaton Terrace 
Dawson James, merchant 

tailor, Holywell 
Harrison James, Seaton Ter 



Seaton Delaval is a toY/nsliip and village in tlie above parish, the 
property of Lord Hastings. The area of the township is included with 
that of Hartley, and its rateable value is £6,084. 12s. The population 
in 1801, inclusive of the hamlet of Whitridge, was 240 ; in 1811, 322; in 
1821, 240; in 1831, 271 ; in 1841, it had increased to 1,568; and in 185], 
in consequence of the opening of a colliery it had attained to 2,726 souls. 
The ancient family of Delaval existed in this township from the time of the 
Norman Conquest, until the year 1818. This family was related to the 
Conqueror, by the maniage of Guy Delaval to Dionesia, neice of William. 
Sir Hendrick Delaval, second son of the above-mentioned Guy, was one of 
the principal standard bearers at Hastings. It appears that this family soon 
afterwards acquired extensive possessions in the north, for we find, that in 
1121, Hubert Delaval, gave the tithes of Seaton, Callerton, and Dissington, 
to the priors of Tynemouth, and other members of the family were equally 
generous to the abbey of Hexham. According to Dugdale, some of this 
family held estates also in Yorkshire, and we discover the name of Gilbert 
Delaval among the twenty-four barons, sworn to see the Magna Charta, and 
the Charta de Foresta confirmed by the Pope. Eustace Delaval held Black 
Callerton, Seaton, Newsham, and Dissington in capite of Henry III. for two 
knights' fees. Subsequently a great portion of the family estates was vested 
in William Delaval, of Benwell, but in 1450 one of the Whitchester family 
appears as the proprietor of a third part of the Manor of Seaton Delaval. 
Sir John Delaval married Elizabeth, daughter of WiUiam de Whitchester, by 
whom he had an only daughter and heiress, Elizabeth, who was espoused by 



as 



CASTLE WARD— EAST DI\T:SI0X. 



Jolin Horsley de Ulchester, -^-lio thereupon assumed the name and arms of 
Delaval, and his son James succeeded to the Delaval estate. One of his 
descendants, Robert Delaval, represented Northumberland in parliament 
duiing the reign of Charles II., and was created abai'onet in 1660, but after 
three successions, the title became extinct by the failure of the male line, and 
the estate passed to George Delaval, of South Dissingtoii. He was succeeded 
by his son Edward, who married I\Iary, the daughter of Sir Francis Blake, of 
Ford Castle, by whom he had one son, Francis Blake Delaval, Esq., who died 
in ]75'2, and was succeeded by his son Sir Francis Blake Delaval, one of the 
gayest and most accomplished men of the age in which he lived. D}ing with- 
out legitimate issue, in 1771, he was succeeded by his brother Sir John 
Husssey Delaval, who was created a baronet in 1761, and raised to the peer- 
age, as Baron Delaval, in 1783. His lordship died without male issue, in 
1808, at the advanced age of eighty years, when his entailed estates were in- 
herited by his brother, Edward Hussey Delaval, of Doddington. Edward 
Hussey Delaval was an excellent scholar, well versed in the classics, and 
conversant in most languages, both ancient and modem, but chemistry and 
experimental philosophy were his favourite pursuits. He was a member of 
several royal and learued societies, aud many of his discoveries and observa- 
tions were translated into the French and German languages, and received 
the approbation of scientific men both at home and abroad. He died with- 
out issue, in August, 1818, aged eighty-five years, and was interred in West- 
minster Abbey. On his demise the valuable estate of Seaton Delaval became 
the property of Sir Jacob Astley, Bart, of Melton Constable, Norfolk, who 
was raised to the peerage in J 841, by the style and title of Baron Hastings. 

The Village of Seaton Delaval is situated about six and half miles north 
by west of North Shields. It consists of eight rows of cottages connected 
^vith the Seaton Dela^-al Collieiy, which is vrorked by Joseph Lamb and Co. 
These cottages have all been erected since the commencement of the mining 
operations in 1837. Here is a Presbyterian Church erected in 1845. It is 
a handsome building of freestone, and will accommodate about 580 persons. 
Rev. Robert Henderson, minister. There is a day school attached to this 
church, iMpxander Anderson, teacher. The Primitive and Wesleyan Metho- 
dists have also neat chapels here, both of which were erected in 1845. The 
Catholics have a temporary place of worship in this neighbourhood, but it is 
in contemplation to erect a suitable church as soon as possible. Rev. John 
Bradley, O.S.B., priest 

The noble mansion of Seaton Delaval Hall was destroyed by fu'e on the 
3rd of January, 18"2'2 ; the two \rings only were saved by destro}ing the cor- 
ridor which united them to the main body of the edifice. Previous to its 
destruction it was considered to be one of the most elegant mansions in the 
north of England It was built by Admiral Delaval, from a design by the 
celebrated architect Sir John Van'burgh. The north front consisted of five 
stories of excellent masonry, ornamented with six Doric columns, surmounted 
by richly embellished entablatures, above which were elegant vases placed on 
pedestals, whence the attic stoiy rose, having a grand pediment with' a 



EAHSDON TABISH. 449 

triangular tympanum, in which were carved the arms of the family and various 
trophies. The apartments were all ornamented and finished in the most 
superb manner. The hall was paved with black and white marble, and the 
vralls were decorated with arches, niches, recesses, and statues, the productions 
of the best Italian artists. Adjacent to this hall was a splendid saloon, which 
contained eight beautifully fluted Corinthian columns, besides numerous 
pilasters. This apartment opened into a beautiful Ionic portico. Indeed the 
whole pile appeared more like a royal palace than the country seat of a subject. 
The pleasure grounds are extensive, and great attention appears to have been 
bestowed upon them. Although so near the sea, the trees in the lawn are 
healthy, and have attained a considerable size, but in the sea- walk and where 
the plantations are narrow, they are stunted and poor. A fine obelisk, about 
half a mile south of the house, has been happily placed in the dead flat 
towards Tynemouth. These grounds are now used as a pleasure garden, and 
are much frequented by parties from Newcastle during the summer months. 
Mr. George Bell, lessee. 

The old castle of Seaton Belaval occupied a site a little to the south-west of 
the modern mansion. Of this ancient structure the only vestige now remaining 
is the chapel, one of the purest and most perfect specimens of Norman archi- 
tecture in the kingdom, the roof being the only part that has undergone any 
alteration. The western door is surmounted by six shields, charged with the 
arms of the Delavals. The arches at the entrance of the chancel are supported 
liy " ponderous columns short and lov/," with plain heavy capitals, and wrought 
with double tiers of zig-zag ornaments. Here are tu'o ancient tombs sur- 
mounted by recumbent figures of a crusader and his lady. The walls are 
decorated with pieces of old armour, tattered banners, and escutcheons. 
Service is performed here every Sunday afternoon, by the Rev. Henry 
Warkman. Adjacent to this chapel is a fine Mausoleum, erected by Lord 
Delaval in memory of his son, who died in his twentieth year. This monument 
is much admired for the simplicity and elegance displayed in its construction. 

New Hartley, a hamlet in this township, is situated about one mile east 
of Seaton Delaval. Here is a small chapel, erected in 1852, the property of 
the Methodist New^ Connexion. 

Whitridge is another hamlet in this township, six and a half miles W.N.W. 
of North Shields, and two and a half miles west of Seaton Sluice. 

Post Office, Double Eow, George Patterson, Postmaster. Letters arrive from New- 
castle at 10 a.m., and are despatched thereto at 5-25 p.m. 



Anderson Alexander, schoolmaster, Presby- 
terian Church School, Seaton Delaval 
Banks John, grocer. New Hartley 
Barrass Kobert, butcher, New Hartley 
Bell George, market gardener, Seaton 

Delaval Hall 
Bell Joseph, shoemkr. & saddler, Whitridge 
Bell J. gardener, Seaton Delaval Colliery 
Blenkinsop Thos. foreman smith, Quality- 
row, Seaton Delaval Colhery 

2 E 



Brown James, coal inspector, Quality-row, 

Seaton Delaval Colliery 
Brown John, Esq. Seaton Delaval Hall 
Crawford Mr. George, Seaton Bed House 
Davison Anthony, surgeon, "Whitridge 
Dawson Jesse, teacher at Seaton Sluice; 

ho. Seaton Lodge 
Fenwick Barnabas, agent & cashier, Seaton 

Delaval Colliery j ho. Whitridge Fai-m 



I 



450 



CASTLE WARD — tEAST DIVISION. 



Henderson Eev. Robert, Delaval Manse 
Jobling, the Misses — , Seaton Lodge 
Lamb Eobert, resident colliery viewer, 

South-row, Seaton Delaval Colliery 
Lamb T. G. agent, Seaton Delaval Colliery 
Pringle James, di'ain tile makei', Whitridge 

Tile Works 
Pybom-n John (late Thos. Straker), grocer 

and draper, Seaton Delaval Colliery 



poor, 



Quarrie Andrew, overseer of the 

Gloucester Lodge 
Quarrie Walter, schoolmaster, New Hartley; 

ho. Seaton Sluice 
Smith Charles, plate layer on the Blyth and 

Tyne Railway ; ho. Stable-row 
Stephenson Robert, station master, Hartley 

Railway Station 
Storey James, butcher, Whitridg© 



Farmers 

Bower William, Avenue 

Head 
Crav/ford John, Look Out 



Crawford Ralph, Seaton Red 

House 
Rigg John, Lisdon Farm 
Thompson John, Seaton 

Lodge 



Inns 

Ashley Arms, Ann ISTaisbit 
Hastings^ Arms Inn, Thomas 

Bell, near the Railway 

Station 



SiGHiLLL, Seghill, or Sedgehill, is a township and village in the parish 
of Earsdon, the property of Sir Francis Blake. The area of the township is 
1,403 acres, and its rateable value £'5,886. 10s. Population in 1801, 97 ; in 
1811, 1-28; in 1821, 138; in 1831, 985; in 1841, 1,672; and in 1851, 
1,809 souls. Sighill was created a district parish for ecclesiastical purposes 
in 1846, hut for other purposes, not ecclesiastical, it still forms part of 
Earsdon parish. Sighill Colliery, in this township, is the property of Messrs. 
Carr and Co. It was opened in the year 1836, and gives emplojment to 
about 700 persons. The Sighill shaft is 600 feet deep, at the bottom of 
which there is an engine of 170 horse power, which draws the coal from the 
workings under ground. The mine ramifies in almost every direction, some 
of the passages reaching as far as Burradon, where there is another shaft by 
which visitors to the mine may ascend. The distance under ground is three 
miles, and over ground two miles. 

The Village of Sighill is situated on the north side of the Seaton Burn, 
seven miles N.N.E. from Newcastle. The Church is a handsome stone 
structure, in the Gothic style, erected in 1848, and capable of accommodating 
530 persons. A grant of £220, in aid of its erection was made by the 
" Incorporated Society for promoting the enlargement and building of 
Churches," on condition that seats for 426 persons should be set apart, and 
declared free and unappropriated for ever. The interior arrangements of 
this edifice are very neat, and the softened light which streams through its 
beautifully stained eastern window, adds materially to the general impressive- 
ness of the structure. The church is surrounded by a burial ground of two 
acres, inclusive of the site occupied b}^ the sacred edifice. The living is a 
perpetual curac}^ the patronage of which is vested in the Crown, and the 
Bishop of Durham, who present alternately. Eev. H. Bunbury, incumbent. 
The AVesleyan and Primitive Methodists have places of worship here. 

The Blyth and Tyne Piailway Company have a station at the village. 

Post Office, Sighill, William Arthur, Postmaster. Letters arrive here from New- 
castle at 10-30 a.m., and are despatched thereto at 5-5 p.m, 



GOSFORTH TARISH, 



451 



Anderson James, schoolmaster 

Arthur Wm. grocer, flour, and provision cllr 

Ban-as Edward, tailor, Blaketown 

Barras James, vict. and hutcher, Blahe's 

Anns Inn, 
CaiT Charles, Esq. Sighill House 
Colville William, tailor 
Elliott Joseph, grocer, flour, and prov. dlr 
Embleton John, miller, Sighill Mill 
ForsterJohn, foreman smith, Sighill Col- 
liery ; ho, Sighill 
Eryer John, under viewer, Sighill Colliery 
Hogg Salph, joiner and cartwright 
Hordon John, day school 
Horsley Wilham, engineer on the Blyth 
and Tyne Railway ; ho. Sighill 



Hudson Yv^illiam, tailor 

Martin John H.colliery agent. Middle Farm 

Oliver Wm. grocer, flour, and provision dlr 

Patterson Thomas, butcher 

Eamshaw Luke, foreman engineer, and 

grocer, flour, and provision dealer 
Reed James, farmer 
Butter Henry, smith 
Stephenson Wm. shoemaker, Blaketown 
Temperley Edward, farmer 
Temperly — , farmer and overseer 
Thompson Gavin, land agent. Middle Farm 
Turner Isabella, vict. Eope and Ancliorinn 
Wallace Henry, grocer, flour, and provision 

dealer 
Wilkin James, farmer, Sighill Mill 



GOSFOHTH PARISH. 



GosFORTH palish comprises tlie townships of East Brunton, West Brunton, 
Coxlodge,Fawdon, North Gosforth, South Gosforth, and East and West Kenton, 
It is bounded on the north-west by Dinnington parish, on the west by New- 
bum parish, on the south by the parishes of All Saints, St. Andrew, and St. 
John, and on the east and north-east by Long Benton parish. It is about 
two miles from north to south, about three miles from east to west, and com- 
prises an area of 6,355 statute acres. The number of inhabitants in 1801, 
was 1,385; in 1811, 1,988; in 3 821, 3,295; in 1831, 3,546; in 1841, 3,020 ; 
and in 1851, 2,319 souls. There are several excellent coalmines in this 
parish, in which great numbers of the inhabitants are employed. 

East Brunton, a township and hamlet in this parish, but locally situated 
in the west division of Castle Ward, is the property of Thomas Smith, Esq., 
R. B. Sanderson, Esq., Rev. J. Robson, and Messrs. Hutchinson. The town- 
ship contains 953 acres, and its rateable value is £1,255. Population in 
1801,69; in 1811, 79; in 1821, 270 ; in 1831, 268; in 1841, 268; and 
in 1851, in consequence of the cessation of work at the collieries, it had 
decreased to 90 souls. East and West Brunton, Fawdon, Dinnington, Weets- 
lade, and Wide Open, formed the manor and estate of the Hazlerigge family, 
and were sold in 1768, pursuant to an order of the High Court of Chancery, 
reserving only the coal-mines of Fawdon and Brunton, which were leased by 
the representatives of John du Ponthieu, Esq. The mines have not been 
worked for some years. The Hamlet of East Brunton is situated about four 
miles N.N.W. from Newcastle. 

Directory. — Rev. James Robson ; William Race, John Younger, and 
Joseph Younger, farmers. 

West Brunton is a township and hamlet in the above parish, the property 
of Matthew Bell, Esq. of Woolsington, and is locally situated in the west 
division of Castle Ward. The area of the township is 1,134 acres, and its 
rateable value £1,414. The population in 1801, was 101 ; in 1811, 138 ; 



45:2 CASTLE VwVED— EAST DiYlSION. 

in 1821, 126; in 1831, 118; in 184], 109; and in 1851, 105 souls. A 
small portion of this township containing four houses, and eighteen persons, 
is said to belong to the parish of Dinnington. The Ha:mlet of West Brunton 
is four miles X.X.W. of Xewcastle. 

DiKECTORT. — Lionel Bolton, miDer and farmer; Marj Bro^vn, blacksmith, 
Kenton Bank-top ; Andrew Common, cartwright and joiner, Kenton Bank-top ; 
John Piobson, Esq. farmer, and land agent, Sunnvside ; John Piogerson, far- 
mer, Bullock Stead ; and Wright Younger, farmer. 

CoxLODGE is a township and village in this parish, but locally situated in the 
west division of Castle Ward. The i^rincipal landowners are AY. Dunn, Esq. R. 
Eobson, Esq. and J. J. Bulman, Esq. The township contains 808 acres, and 
the rateable value is £3,557. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 108 ; 
in 1811, 356 ; in 1821, 633 ; in 1831, 965 ; in 1841, 924 ; and in 1851, 970 
souls. Here is a colliery worked by Matthew Bell, & Co., and in which many 
of the inhabitants are employed. The Grand Stand on the north side of the 
Newcastle Eace Course, is in this township. It was built in 1800, and is 
very well adapted for the purposes for which it was erected. The Yillage 
OF CoxLODGE is situatcd two and a half miles north of Xewcastle. It contains 
several handsome stone houses, and many others are in process of erection. 
There is a Methodist Chapel and Sundav School here, which were erected 
in 1819. 

Causeway End is a hamlet in this to\^■nship, two miles north of Xewcastle. 

Post Office, Coxlodge, Elizabeth Eobson, postmistress. Letters arrive at 10-30 a.m. 
and are despatched at 3-i5 p.m. 



Anderson John, Esq. Coxlodge Hall 
Armstrong George, joiner and builder, 

Bulman's Yillage 
Armstrong William, boot and shoemaker, 

Bulman's Yillage 
Bailes .Joseph, leather merchant, Eose Villa 
Bell Matthew, S: Co. colliery owners, Cox- 



Pigg James, grocer, Bulman's Yillage 
Eeddy George, tailor, Bulman's Yillage 
Eobiu son John .merch an tjEose worth Cottage 
Eobson Elizabeth, grocer and postmistress, 

Bulman's Yillage 
Eobson Miss Hannah 
Simpson George, vict. Duke of Wellington 



lodge Colliery j Stephenson Elizab. farmer and innkeeper, 

Carr John, Esq. Eosev.-orth | Turf Hotel 

Charlton M.A. Eev, James, curate of Gos- ! Stevens Wra. Davies, agent, Eose-villas 

Stewart Charles, under-viewer, Coxlodge 

Colliery 
Stewart Cuthbert, vict. Brandling Arms, 

Bulman's Yillage 
Stewart John, beerhouse, Bulman's Yillage 



forth Church 
Crozier Wilham, cattle dealer, 
Davidson Mr. Andrew, Eose-villas 
Dickinson Joseph, butcher 
Duxfield John and Tliomas, farmers 

FenwickVrm. beerhouse, Bulman's Yillage | Yasey Wilhara, farmer 
Hart Geo. and John, grocers and gardeners Wiley Mrs. Jane, Bulman's Yillage 
Hall Henry, farmer, Gosforth Cottage j Wilson Frederick, ^Y. X. sm^geon, Bulman's 

Marston Joseph, bookseller, Mosley Cottage j Yillage 
Mills Jacob, butcher Windlow Wm. blacksmith, Bulman's Yillage 

Fawdox is a township and village in the above parish, but locally situated 
in the west division of Castle Ward, the property of Matthew Bell, Esq., 
and Mr. Charlton. The township comprises an area of d'2'2 acres, and the 
rateable value is £1,320. The number of inhabitants in 180], was 26; in 



GOSFOETH PAr^ISH. 453 

1811, 100; in 18:21, 747; in ]881, 707; in 1841, 544; and in 1851, in 
consequence of tlie cessation of work at the coliieries, it had decreased to 254 
souls. The Village of Fawdon is three miles N.N.W. of Newcastle. 
Haddrick's Mill, a hamlet in this township, occupies a romantic situa- 
tion in the Ouseburu Dean, two and half miles north by east of Newcastle. 
There are several neat cottages here, and the place is said to have acquired 
its name from its ser\TLng as a haunt to a band of robbers bearing the name 
of Haddrick, who possessed it for a considerable period. Whether this 
tradition be true or false, we possess, at present, no means to prove or disprove 
its authenticity. 

DiRECTORy — Ann Anderson, schoolmistress, Fawdon Villa; Tlios Charl- 
ton, miller, Haddrick's MiU ; Mrs. L^^dia Robson, Fawdon House ; William 
W^rigliton, vict. and brewer, Millstone Inn, Haddrick's Mill ; and the farmers 
are Thomas Charlton & Son, and Thomas Lionel Winship. 

GosFOETH (North) is a township in the parish of the same name, situated 
four miles north from Newcastle. It contains 1,006 acres, and its rateable 
value is £3,005. The population in 1801, was 133 ; in 1811, 197 ; in 1821, 
141 ; in 1831, 145; in 1841, 132; and 1851, 123 souls. The principal 
landowners are Thomas Smith, Esq , and the Messrs Laycock. This township 
and that of South Gosforth, are locally situated in the eastern division of 
Castle W^ard, the remainder of the parish being in the w-estern division. 
North Gosforth Chapel now almost levelled with the ground, began to be 
disused in the early part of the eighteenth century. Its remains are situated 
upwards of a mile north of the present church, and consists of the church or 
chapel, a grave-yard, with monumental and other stones. In the summer of 
1826, R. H. Brandling, Esq. caused the place to be cleared of the weeds and 
long deposited rubbish, by which it was covered, and brought to light many 
more of these mementoes. This estate from the year 1100 to 1509, was the 
property of the ancient family of Surtees, from whom it was transferred by 
marriage to the Brandlings, one of whom Charles Brandling, Esq., was High 
Sheriff of Northumberland, in 1781, and M.P, for Newcastle in 1784, 
1790, and 1796, but he resigned his seat in 1797, and was succeeded by his 
son, Charles John Brandling, Esq., who subsequently represented the county 
in parliament from 1820, to his decease in 1826. 

Gosforth House is the seat and property of Thomas Smith, Esq., by 
whom it was purchased in 1852. It is a large and elegant freestone edifice, 
erected in 1760, and occupies a beautiful situation in an extensive lawn, 
enclosed with fine plantations. The adjoining lands have been greatly im- 
proved, and formed into pleasure grounds. x\t the south-east corner of the 
lawn there is a minature lake, covering nearly fifty acres ; it is much resorted 
to by numerous flocks of water fowl. Low Gosforth House is situated about 
a mile south of the above, in a low, but pleasant situation, It is the residence 
of George Fenwick, Esq. In the Ouseburn, north of Slater's Bridge, on the 
south side of this township, in Long Benton parish, is a ridgy piece of land, 
containing about seven acres, and is alternately the property of Wm, JMather, 
Esq., and Baliol College, Oxford. 



454- CASTLE WAED — ^EAST DIVISION. 

THEEte Mile Bridge is a hamlet in this township, situated three and a half 
miles north of Newcastle, where the Ousebum crosses the Morpeth road, and 
separates the township of Coxlodge and North Gosforth, the foirmer being on 
the south, and the latter on the north of the bridge and rivulet. Here is a 
school wdiich was endowed with £10 per annum by the late Her. R. H. 
Brandling. 

Directory. — George Fenwdck, Esq., Low Gosforth House; Thos. Smith, 
Esq., High Gosforth House ; John Magnay, blacksinith, Three Mile Bridge ; 
Mark MuUin, brick and tile manufacturer, GOsforth Tile Works ; Robert 
Oliver, joiner and cartwright, Three Mile Bridge ; James Simpson, deputy 
road surveyor ; and the farmers are George Dodds, Moor House ; William 
Simpson, and Joseph Stoker. 

Gosforth (South) is a township and village in the parish of the same name, 
'the property of William Dunn, Esq , ahd the Messrs. Laycock. The town- 
ship contains 436 acres, and its rateable value is £2,033. The number of its 
inhabitants in 1801, ^ras 63; in 1811, 136; in 1821, 174; in 3 831, 237; 
in IS'll, 224; and in 1851, 246 souls. Robert Lisle, of Gosforth, gave to 
his son Otwell Lisle, with Isabel his wife, in frank marriage. South Gosforth, 
with the advowson of the church and mill, &c. This Robert Lisle espoused 
the daughter of Richard Canville, with ^vhom lie received South Gosforth as 
a dowiy. In the year 1377, the advowsoh of the church of South Gosforth 
w-as a subject of dispute between the King, the Bishop and Prior of Carlisle, 
and the Vicar of Newcastle. In 1391, the lordship of Gosforth was given to 
Sir Robert Lisle, by his elder brother, Thomas Lisle, and it continued in 
the possession of his family for many generations. By an agreement made 
between Humphrey Lisle, Esq., and the Ticar of Newcastle, in 1494, the 
latter became possessor of the advOVrsoii of the curacy of Gosforth, and it 
has been since retained by his successors. There is a colliery in this town- 
ship, worked, at present, by the executors of the late Rev. R. H. Brandling. 
The Village of South Gosforth is situated two and a half miles north-east 
by north of Newcastle. Here it was that the English army retreated when on 
its w^ay to the siege of Berwick, in 1319, and Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of 
Hereford, the leader of the armament, in contemplation of sudden death in 
the field, ordered the disposition of his worldly goods. The Church dedicated 
to St. Kicholas is a small structure with an octagonal spire rising from a square 
tower. It was rebuilt in 1798, and considerably enlarged in 18 J 9. The 
parish register commences in JG69. The living is a curacy annexed to the 
vicarage of Newcastle. Rev. James A. Charlton, curate. Here is a school 
for the education of children of both sexes. The teachers, John Thompson 
and Sarah Thornton, have the school and two cottages rent free, in accordance 
■with the will of the late Rev. R. H. Brandling. 

A short notice of the winning Of Gosforth Colliery in this township, and of 
the subsequent proceedings, may interest the reader. The colher}^ hes about 
three miles north from Newcastle, on the west bank of a romantic " dean," or 
little valley, through which tlie.Ouseburn winds its way to the Tyne. The 
sinking was commenced in 1825, and the coal was won on Saturday, January 



GOSFOETH PARISH. 455 

31st, 1829. Great expense was incurred in tlie undertaking, from tlie inter- 
section of the great ninetj fathom dyke. The High Main coal \Yas reached 
at twent j-five fathoms belo-^v the surface, but near its first appearance tlie 
seam \vas thrown dowii in an inclined direction hy the dyke, to the depth of 
1,100 or 1,300 feet, The (Quality of the coal was so deteroriated by the prox- 
imity of the dyke, that it became necessary to sink the shaft perpendicularly 
to the depth of 181 fathoms, in order to come at the level of the lower range 
of the seaiii of coal. In this work many of the succeeding seams of coal 
were passed through, and found tO be all more or less shattered by the dyke, 
and singularly placed at a higher level than the High Main which, in a geo- 
logical point of view, they underlie. On reaching the reciuisite depth a 
horizontal drift, 700 yards long, was worked through the face of the dyke to 
the seam of coal a little above its junction with the dyke. A great portion 
of the excavation was made through solid rock. 

So remarkable a winning deserved a celebration of its attainment. Some 
persons would have had the workmen out in a field and made them spectacles 
of inebriety to the open eye of day. But the proprietors adopted a more 
suitable plan, that of a grand suhterranean hall, at the very place of triumph. 
The hall-room was situated at a depth of nearly 1,100 feet below the earth's 
surface, and was in the shape of the letter L, the width being fifteen feet, 
the base twenty-two feet, and the perpendicular height forty-eight feet. 
Seats were placed round the sides of the said ball-room, the floor was dried 
and flagged, and the whole place brilliantly illuminated with candles and 
lamps. The company began to assemble and descend in appropriate dresses 
about half-past nine in the morning, and continued to arrive till one in the 
afternoon. The men engaged in the work, their wives and daughters, and 
sweethearts, several neighbours with their wives, the proprietors and agents 
with their wives, and sundry friends of both sexes w^ho had courage io avail 
themselves of the privilege ; all these gradually found their way to tile bottom 
of the shaft. Immediately on their arrival there, they proceeded to the ex- 
tremity of the drift, to the face of the coal, where each person hewed a piece 
of coal as a memento of the visit, and then returned to the ball-room. As 
soon as a sufiicient number of guests had assembled, dancing commenced, and 
was continued without intermission till three o'clock in the afternoon. No 
distinction was made among the guests, and born and bred ladies joined in a 
general dance with born and bred pitmen's daughters. All now returned in 
safety, and in nice, clean, and well-lined baskets, to the upper regions, 
delighted wdth the manner in which they had spent the day. A local band of 
miners' musicians was in attendance, and the pit was filled with music and 
merriment. The f^enii of the caverns were startled, and the youno- dandified 
pitmen never looked so happy, so clean, and so gay. Refreshments were not 
forgotten, and cold punch, malt liquor, and buiscuits of all kinds, were dis- 
pensed in abundance. It was estimated that between two hundred and three- 
hundred persons were present, and nearly one half of them were female^ ! 

Directory. — George Douglas, overman, Gosforth Cohiery : Michael Ford, 
vict. Bay Horse ; Joseph Hindmarsh, agent ; John ]\Ienham, under-viewerj 



450 CASTLE WArtC— ^EAST DlVlStOX. 

Gosfortli Colliei'y ; John Thompson, sclioolmaster ; Sarali TllorntoD, school- 
mistress ; and the farmers are Mark Moore, and George and Joseph Stoker. 

Kenton (East a.nd AYest), a township and village in the parish of Gosforth, 
but locally situated in the west division of Castle Ward, is the property of Lord 
Rokeby and E. Montague, Esq. The area of the towmship is 1,436 acres, and 
its rateable value, £3,033. Population in 1801, 885 ; in 181 J , 1,052; in 1821, 
1,204; in 1831, 1,106; in 1841, 819 ; and in 1851, in consequence of the dis- 
continuance of the colliery works it had decreased to 549 souls. In the reign 
of Edward II. it was the property of a family who bore the local name, and 
in 1313, Sir John Kenton of this family was High Sheriff of Northumberland. 
It was subsequently possessed by the Fenwdcks, from whom it was transferred 
to the present proprietors. There is an excellent quarry in this township 
from which grindstones of a superior quality are obtained. It is worked by 
Mr. Robert Robson of Newcastle. The Village of Kenton is situated on 
an eminence about three miles N.N.W. of Newcastle. It contains a National 
School which is used as a place of worship on Sundays. This school was 
erected in J 845 at an expense of £470 which was principally contributed by 
Lord Rokeby, Matthew Bell, Esq., Mr. Wilson, and the National School 
Society. It possesses sufficient accommodation for 150 children. 

Bank Top and Blakelaw are hamlets in this township, the former situated 
three miles, and the latter two and a half miles north-west of Newcastle. 
Kenton Bar is also in this township, on the Ponteland Road, three miles 
north-west of Newcastle. 

Post Office, Kekton. — Letters arrive at 10 a.m. and are despatched at 8-45 p.m. 



Bailie Mrs. Anne j FrazerMrs. Margt. Blakelaw 

Henderson William, black- 
smith, Blakelaw 
Pickering William, grocer 



Barrett Captain Saml. Ken- 
ton Hall 

Baty John, butcher 

Davidson John and Eobei 

grocers j 5'armsrs 

Paiiiamb Jonathan, inn-' Pro \^ti Wm. Kenton Lodgre 



keeper, Kenton Bar i Colbeck John 



Hunter William, Blakelaw 
Pickering William, & grocer 
Reay John, West Kenton 
Rogerson Jno. & x^arish clerk 
Rogerson Robert 
Thirlwell George, Kenton, 

Bank Top 
YvatsouRobt. Hen's Harbour 



SOMOK PAROCHIAL CHAPELRY. 

HoRTOK is a parochial chapelry comprising the townships of Bebside, 
Cow^pen, Hartford East, Hartford West, and Horton, whose united area is 
5,550 acres. It is bounded on the north by the river Blyth, on the west by 
the parish of Stanuington, on the south by Earsdon parish and Cramlington 
chapelry, and on the east by the parish of Earsdon and the port of Bljth. 
The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 1,197 ; in 1811, 1,449; in IS21, 
2,099; in 1831, 2,423 ; in 1841, 2,838; and in 1851, 4,449 souls._ This 
chapelry abounds in coal and stone, and the soil is a strong clay, which pro- 
duces excellent crops. Until 1768, it formed a portion of the parish of 



houton pARociiiAL chapelry. 457 

Woodhorrj, but at that period it was made into a parochial cKapeliy, and 
obtained all the privileges of a distinct parish. 

Bebside is a township and hamlet, the property of William Ward, Esq., 
of London. The township contains 464 acres, and its population in 1801, 
was 126; in 1811, 102; in 1821, 123; in 1831, 100; in 1841, 91; and in 
1851, 127 souls. The rateable value is £760. This manor was anciently 
the property of the priors of Tynemouth, but after the dissolution of the reli- 
gious houses and the confiscation of their property, it was possessed by John 
Ogle, Esq., and afterwards by Edward Delaval, Esq., from whom it passed in 
succession to John Johnson, Esq., Mrs. Mary Fielding, and Robert Wavcl, 
Esq., of London, coming ultimately into the possession of the present 
proprietor. The Hamlet of Bebside is situated on the river Blyth, six miles 
south-east by south of Morpeth, 

DiEECTORY. — Isaac Brown, farmer, Bebside North Farm ; Thomas Dunn, 
farmer, Bebside South Farm ; and George Gardner, miller and farmer, 
Bebside Mill. 

CowPEN is a township and village the principal landowners of which are 
Marlow John F. Sidney, Esq., Archdeacon Croft, and others. The township 
comprises an area of 1,707 acres, and its rateable value is £8,152. The 
population in 1801, was 853; in 1811, 1,095; in 1821, 1,765; in 1831, 
2,081 ; in 1841, 2,464; and in 1851, 4,045 souls. The eastern portion of 
this township, including Cowpen Quay, Cowpen Square, Crofton, Crofton 
Mills, and Waterloo, forms j^art of the town and part of Blyth, under 
which head the directories, &c. will be found. The Village of Cow- 
pen is situated on the southern bank of the river Blyth, about seven miles 
S.S.E. of Morpeth. Here is a beautiful Catholic Church dedicated to 
St. Cuthbert, which was erected and endowed by M. J. F. Sidney, 
Esq. in 1840. It is in the early English style of architecture, and the 
cost of its erection is said to have exceeded £,4000. The entrance is by a 
porch of very superior VN^orkmanship, and the interior is not more admired 
for its chaste simplicity and just proportions, than for the beautiful carving 
of its massive pulpit, altar-screen, rood-loft, and splendid altar, on the decora- 
tion of which neither labour nor expense seems to have been spared. The 
Rev. James W, Burchall, O.S.B. and the Rev. J. Bradley, O.S.B. are the 
priests. The School attached to this church is a neat and substantial edifice 
built in 1843. The late Mrs. Sidney contributed £200 towards its erection. 
Mary Ann Nolan, teachei'. 



Armstrong Adam boiler builder, Cowpen 

Bell Jane, sliopkeepex- 

Bell Thomas, tailor 

Bradley Kev. J. B. O.S.B. (Catholic) 

Burchall Eev. James W. O.S.B. (Catholic) 

Marshall John, smith 

Moffitt Ralph, assistant overseer 

Percy John, gardener 

J2 E a 



Reed Thomas, teacher, Church School 

Eobiuson Edward, grocer 

Sidney Marlow John Francis, Esq. J. P. 

Cowpen Hall 
Sidney M. W. J. sohcitor, office, Blytli 
Sidney W. H. M. Esq, Cowpen House 
Swan Dorothy, shopkeeper 



45 8 CASTLE WARD — EAST DIVISION. 



Boot and Skoe Makers 

Davison John 

Dixon IMaiy — Tlios. Watson, 
manager 

Butcher 
Thompson Neveison 



Farmers 1 PattisonEdwardjHighHouse 

Bell William | Smith Thomas M. Cowpen 

Brown Henry | South Farm 

Darhng William, Co^^•peu : Inns 

Bed House | Duke of York, Ehzh. Bolam 
Grimson Jos. Kitty Brevrster • King's Arms, James How 

MoflStt Edwai-d I Windmill, John Storey 



Hartfoed (East) is a township situated five and a half miles S.S.E. of 
Morpeth. It comprises an area of 303 acres, and its rateable value is £150. 
The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 18 ; in 1811, 13 ; in 1821, 15 ; 
in 1831, 12; in 1811, 26; and in 1851, 10 souls. It is the property of 
Nathaniel Bates, Esq. of Melbourne Hall, and consists of one farm which is 
in the occupation of Mrs Hannah Potts. 

Directory. — Mrs. Hannah Potts, farmer ; and John Potts, farm-manager 
for Mrs. Potts. 

Hartford (West) is a township and hamlet, the property of Piobert Hed- 
ley, Esq. The township contains 521 acres, and its rateable value is £328. 
Population in 1801, 87 ; in 1811, 97 ; in 1821, 57 ; in 1831, 55 ; in 1841, 
39 ; and in 1851, 57 souls. The Hamlet of west Hartford is situated in a 
beautiful and picturesque vallev, south of the river Blyth, whose banks, in 
this neighbourhood, are thickly covered with trees. It is five miles S.S.E. of 
Morpeth. 

Directory. — Samuel Elstob, farmer, West Hartford Hall ; Jane Davison, 
vict. Hartford Bridge Inn ; and John Piowell, farmer. 

HoETON is a towTiship and scattered village giving name to the chapelry in 
which it is situated. The area of the township is 2,555 acres, and the rate- 
able value is £4,376. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 113 ; in 1811 , 
142; in 1821, 139; in 1831, 175; in 1841, 218; and in 1851, 210 souls. 
In the time of Henry III. Horton belonged to a family who assumed the local 
name, but in the latter part of the same reign, it had fallen into the hands 
of Guiscard de Charron, who obtained leave, in 1293, to fortify his manor house 
of Horton. This was the fortalice to which the adherents of (xilbert de Mid- 
dleton, after his capture in Mitford Castle, in 1317, retreated under the 
banner of his friend and ally Walter de Selby. After this time, the castle 
and manor house seem to have been held under the Mombouchers and their 
successors, for a considerable period by the Delaval family, and in the begin- 
ning of the last century two maiden sisters of Admiral George Delaval resided 
here. The castle is stated to have been defended by a double moat and ram- 
part of earth, but the greater part of its foundations were razed and the 
rampart levelled in 1809. 

The ViLLAGjE of Horton is situated three miles west by south of 
Blyth. The Chapel is a modern erection, the old oue having been taken 
down in 1827, and the present neat structure erected upon its site in 1828. 
The cost of the present edifice was upwards of £500. The register of this 
chapelry commences in 1648. The living, a perpetual curacy in the archdea- 
deaconry of Xorthumberland and deanery of Xewcastle, is valued in the Liber 



LONG BENTON PARISH. 



459 



Regis at £16; returned at £80 ; gross income £91. Patron tlie Vicar of 
Woodhorn ; incumbent, the Rev. Nathaniel Atkinson, M.A. 

Layeeick Hai.l, in this township, is now in the occupation of George and 
Gilbert Wigham, farmers 



Bower John, merchant tailor, Nortli Moor 
Edge, near Seaton Delaval 

Cairns Thomas, boot and shoemaker 

Hornsby WiUiam, brick & drain-tile manu- 
facturer, North Moor Tile Works 

McPherson George, tailor, North Moor Edge 



Mood Matthew, schoolmaster, North Moor 

Edge, near Seaton Delaval 
Eobinson Thomas, boot and shoem^aker 
Smith Henry, farm-manager, Stickley 
Wood George, blacksmith 



Farmers 

Herdman Ann 
Eobson George 
Stephenson Thomas 



Wigham Gilbert and George, 
Laverick Hall 

Inns 

FolJt/, WilHam Simm 



Astley Arms, Paul Jamieson, 
North Moor Edge, near 
Seaton Delaval 



Caemer. — Joseph Percy, from the Three Horse Shoes Inn, Horton; 
and from Seaton Delaval, and East Cramhngton, to Newcastle, on Tuesdays, 
Thursdays, and Saturdays. 



LONG BENTON PARISH. 



Long Benton parish comprises the townships of Killing worth, Long Benton, 
Walker, and Weetslade, whose united area is 9,040 acres. Its population in 
1801, was 3,355; in 1811, 4,358; in 1821, 5,547; in 1831, 6,613; in 1841, 
8,711; and in 1851, 9,205 souls. The parish is bounded on the north by 
Earsdon, Cramlington, and Stannington, on the west by All Saints' and Gosforth 
parishes, on the south by the Tyne, and on the east by the parishes of Tyne- 
mouth and Wallsend. It contains extensive coUieries, foundries, quarries, 
gunpowder-works, &c. — upwards of 1,300 persons are employed in the 
collieries alone. The soil in this district is very fertile, and the parish is 
intersected by the York, Newcastle, and Berwick Railway. 

KiLLiNGWoRTH is a townsliip and village, the property of J. R. Pugh, Esq., 
General Airey, Matthew Bell, Esq., and William Punshon, Esq. The area 
of the township is returned with that of the parish, and the rateable value is 
£4,676. The population was returned with the parish till 1841, when it 
amounted to 1,787; and in 1851, it was 1,651 souls. A portion of the 
village of Hazlerigge is included in this township. The Village of Killing- 
worth is beautifully situated on a commanding eminence, in the midst of a 
fine and fertile country, five and three-quarter miles north-east by north of 
Newcastle, and contains several good houses. It was the scene of the 
early labours of George Stephenson, who, for some time, was breaksman 
at Killingworth Colliery. It was here he made his improvements in the steam- 
engine, and a sun-dial, a relic of his early ingenuity, is still fixed over the door 
of the house he lived in while at Killingworth. To the last day of his life he 



460 



CASTLE V>'ARD— EAsI* DIVISION. 



took a pride in tliis suii-dial, and, not long before his death, when ahout to 
survey the line of the Newcastle and Berwick Railway, he drove a professional 
friend out of his way to have a last look at the dial, which had now indicated 
many days of prosperit}^ since he made it in adversity and obscunty. 

KiLLiNGWOKTH HousE, a fuie stone edifice, occupying a beautiful situation, 
is the seat of Nathaniel G. Lambert, Esq. 

Westmoor, a hamlet in this township, is principally inhabited by colliers, 
and contains two chapels, belonging to the Primitive andWesleyan Methodists. 
The late proprietors of Kiiliugworth Colliery, erected a school here, which is 
attended, at present, by about ninety children of both sexes. The colliery 
is very extensive, and gives employment to several hundred persons. John 
Bowes, Esq. and Partners are the proprietors. There is a station on the 
York, Newcastle, and Berwick Railway, about one mile west of Killingworth, 
at which trains for Newcastle and Berwick stop three times daily. 



Avery John, vict. and butcher, Railway Inn 
Bell Mary Ann, grocer, Hazlerigge 
Blakey Elizabeth, beer retailer, Hazlerigge 
Bowes John, Esq. and Partners, Killiug- 

^Yorth Colliery 
Carr George. \\ct.' Collier Lad, Hazlerigge 
Carr Eichard, vict. Half Way House, 

Hazlerigge 
Clark Mr. Henry, White House 
Coulston John, agent. West Farm 
Chicken Eobert, tile manufacturer 
Cousins William, schoolmaster 
Covrel Bartholomew, joiner and cartwright 
Dixon Stephen, farmer 
Dixon Thomas, fai-mer. White Elouse 
Gibson Launcelot, colliery engineer 
Hardy Henry, shopkeeper 
Laidler John,overm an, Killingworth Colliery 
Lambert Nathnl.G.Esq.Killiugworth House 
Leighton Kobert, agent 
Liddell John E. viewer 



Mallaburn George, vict. KilUngworLli Arms 
Marshall George, joiner and cartwright, 

Hazlerigge 
Oxley Stephen, farmer 
Punshon Henry, vict. Plough Inn 
Purvis Thomas, grocer, Hazlerigge 
Eiddle Thomas, tailor 
Eitchie John, vict. Holy Stone 
Eobinson Eobert, station master 
Eobson Thomas, farmer 
Scott James, surgeon 
Smith Edward, farmer 
Tate Eobert, vict. and brewer, Closing Hill 

House • 

Stoppard Cuthbert, farmer 
Tindle George, boot and shoemaker 
Wanless Christopher, vict. Gi-ey Horse 
Wardle John, blacksmith 
Wilson Frederick W. surgeon ; ho. Forest 

Hall 
Wilson Eichard, surgeon 



Long Benton is a township and village in the 23arish of the same name, 
the property of the Duke of Northumberland, Dixon Dixon, Esq., V/illiam 
Mather, Esq., the Master and Scholars of Baliol College, Oxford, Robert 
Hedley, Esq., and Messrs. Craster and Askew. The area of the township 
is returned vrith that of the parish, and the rateable value is £8,510. The 
number of inhabitants in 1841, was 2,451, and in 1851, 2,238 souls. The 
collieries here are very extensive, and one of the w^orked out collieries having 
sunk considerably in 1785, much damage was done to the houses in the 
neighbourhood. It was a custom at that time in working the pits, to leave 
as much coal as they had dug away, but the coal being in great request in 
the London market, they had worked the pillars away, and put wooden ones 
in their stead, which, not being sufficiently strong to support the great super- 
incumbent weight, the whole sunk toR-ether. 



lo>;g bentOxN' PAiuyn. 461 

The Village of LoDg Benton is situated about three miles nortli-east by 
north from Newcastle. The bridge spanning the rivulet a short distance to 
the north of the church, on the road to Killingworth, ^Yas erected in 1801, at 
the expense of Admiral Roddam, of Roddam, which^vent is recorded on the 
key stone of the arch. The Church, dedicated to St. Bartholomew, is situated 
in a secluded valley, a short distance north-east of the village, and was almost 
entirely rebuilt in 1 79 1 . It is now a neat plain edifice, containing several mural 
monuments, and is surrounded by a spacious churchyard. A local tradition 
states that the church was actually commenced at Long Benton village, but 
that the masonry of each day vras invariably transported every night, to the 
site at present occupied by the sacred edifice. The only ancient part of 
the present structure is the chancel, which, when the church was rebuilt at 
the period above mentioned, was left in its original condition, in consequence 
of the lessees of the great tithes being unwilling to undertake the cost of 
rebuilding it. The floor of the chancel was three steps lower than the nave 
until ] 838, wdien it was raised to the same level as the rest of the building, 
at the expense of the Master and Scholars of Baliol College, Oxford. In 
October, 1835, while sinking a grave in the vicinity of the old chancel door, a 
stone coffin, of rude workmanship, was discovered, at about two feet below the 
surface, and in 1838, in the course of draining the churchyard, an ancient 
sepulchral slab of small size, bearing a cross, was found turned over on an 
old water channel. The cross was preserved by being inserted in the stone 
work on building up the chancel door, in the autumn of the same year. In 
the taxation of Pope Nicholas, we find this benefice returned as a rectory. 
In the year 1340, the church of Long Benton, together with some lands in 
the parish, were granted to Baliol College, Oxford, by Sir Philip Somervyll, 
of vVykenore, i|rthe county of Stafford, and a severance of the great tithes 
was effected by an ordinance of Richard Bury, Bishop of Durham. In the 
chancel are several ancient grave stones. The living is now a discharged 
vicarage, in the archdeaconry of Northumberland and deanery of Newcastle, 
valued in the Liber Regis at £3. Is. 3d. ; gross income, £353. The patronage 
is vested in the Master and Fellows of Baliol College, Oxford. Incumbent, 
Rev. John Besley, D.C.L., for whom the Rev. Joseph Smithard, M.A., 
of&ciates as curate, The parish register commences in 1669 

A school-room, with a residence for tbe master, was built by the parishioners, 
on the Waste at the east end of the village of Long Benton, for wdiich they 
pay a ground rent of one shilling to the lords of the manor. The rent is 
first entered as paid in 1814. The school cost the sum of £250. Thomas 
Shaw, schoolmaster and parish clerk. 

Charities. — Cuthbert Alder, by his will, bearing date 23rd May, 1736, 
devised a close of land called Dacre s Close, in the townshij) of Murton, in 
the parish of Tynemouth, to the minister and churchwardens of Long 
Benton, in trust for the use of the poorest inhabitants of that p)art of the 
parish of Long Benton called Weetslade Quarter. The close above mentioned 
consists of about four acres of land, and produces an annual rent of £12, 
which is distributed in accordance with the intentions of the donor. 



Am 



CASTLE WARD-— EAST DIVISION. 



Benton House is a fine mansion, the seat of Mrs. Ann Atkinson. Benton 
Lodge is a pretty ivy covered cottage, the residence of William Smith, Esq. 
Forest Hall, in this township, is a fine edifice, the seat of F. W. Wilson, 
Esq., and John Hodgson, Esq. 

Benton Square is a colliery hamlet in this township, situated five and a 
half miles N.N.E. of Newcastle. Wapping is another hamlet, of the same 
kind, two and a half miles north east of Newcastle. 



Post Office, Long Benton, George Bold, Postmaster. Letters arrive, from Newcastle 
at 11-30, a.m., and are despatched thereto at 3-20 p.m. 



Allison Henry W. veterinary surgeon 
Allison Watson, veterinary surgeon 
Atkinson Mrs. Ann, Benton House 
Atkinson James, farmer, Forest Hall 
Barras Matthew, vict. and butcher, Wheat 

Sheaf, Benton-square 
Besley Rev. John, D.C.L. vicar, Yicarage 
Boggon AVilliam S. vict. and butcher, Black 

Bull Inn 
Bold George, grocer and posi master 
BoAvman Robert, farmer, Scaffold Hill 
Brown Francis, blacksmith 
Charlton Peter, vict. Sun Inn 
Dawson Thomas, grocer 
Freeman Thomas, tailor 
Hall Ann, vict. Shi]) Inn 
Hall Edward, overman, Benton colliery 
Hodgson John, Esq., Forest Hall 



Hood John, joiner and cartwright 
Jameison Thomas, farmer 
Liddell Mr. Henry, North House 
Liddell Matthew, mining engineer, Benton 

Grange 
Mann James, boot and shoemaker 
MiCKLEY Coal Company, Benton Colliery 
Moore Mark, farmer. Forest Hall 
Morrow Thomas, joiner 
Nicholson Richard, butcher 
Pattison William, farmer 
Potts Timothy, farmer 
Pringle Mary, farmer 
Robson Wilham, farmer 
Shaw Thos. schoolmaster and parish clerk 
Smith William, Esq., Benton Lodge 
Wilson Frederick W. surgeon, Forest Hall 
Young Thomas, yeoman, Scaifold Flill 



Walker is a township and village, the propert}'' of the corporation of 
Newcastle. The area af the township is included in the parish returns, and 
its rateahle value is £9,650. Population in 1841, 3,470 ; in 1851, 3,963 
souls. Here are numerous manufactories of almost every kind. The Walker 
Iron Works on the north bank of the Tyne are very extensive, and afford 
employment to several hundred persons. Alkalies and other chemicals are 
manufactured in considerable quantities, and iron ship building is carried on 
to a great extent. In fact, the whole side of the Tyne, in this township, is 
crowded with factories of various kinds, copperas works, saw mills, seed 
crushing mills, ballast wharfs, coal staiths, &c., &c. There is also an exten- 
sive colliery here worked by Messrs. Nathaniel Lambert and Co. Walker 
was erected into a distinct parish for ecclesiastical purposes in 1836, in con- 
formity with the provisions of Sir Eobert Peel's Act, but for every other 
purpose it is considered as a portion of Long Benton parish. 

The Village of Walker is situated three miles east by north of Newcastle. 
The Church, (Christ's Church), is a neat stone edifice, erected in 1847-8, 
at a cost of £1,450. The " Corporate Church Building Society" gave £200, 
Her Majesty's Commissioners for the building of new churches £150, and 
the corporation of Newcastle not being able to give the ground upon which 
the church was to be erected, gave its value in money for the purchase of the 



LONG BENTON PAEISH. 



4.63 



site. It was eudowed by tlie Ecclesiastical Commissioners. The church is 
in the early English style of architecture, and consists of nave, chancel, 
north aisle, and south porch, but possesses neither tower nor spire. It con- 
tains several handsome stained glass windows, whose beauty of colour and 
excellence of design, command general admiration The two windows at the 
west end represent our Saviour and the Blessed Virgin, that at the east, the 
symbolical Lamb, The window on the south side of the chancel is emblazoned 
with^he arms of the Bell family, by whom it was presented to the church. 
The two western ones were the gifts of James Archbold, Esq., and Stephen 
Lowrey, Esq. The living, a pepetual curacy, valued at £180. per annum, is 
in the patronage of the Crown and the Bishop of Durham, who present 
alternately. Eev. Christopher Thompson, incumbent. The Parsonage 
House, a good stone building, is situated near the Church. 

Here are two chapels belonging to the Wesleyan Methodists. 

The Xew School, Walker, is a large brick structure, erected in 1852, by 
the Walker Iron and Alkali Companies. It possesses ample accommodation 
for three-hundred pupils, and is regularly attended by about two-hundred and 
thirty children of both sexes. James Hewitt and Ann Gaskin, teachers. 
There are also several private schools in this township, which are respectably 
conducted, and numerously attended. 

Walker Quay is an extensive village in this township, situated on the 
Tyne, three and a half miles east of Newcastle. 

Low Walker, formerly called Wincolmlee, is another village in this town- 
ship, situated on the Tyne, three miles east of Newcastle. It contains several 
handsome residences, and its manufactories are both numerous and extensive. 
In 1774, the gunpowder magazine, duly licensed, was erected here by the 
corporation of Newcastle. This building was deemed requisite, in consequence 
of the great quantities of gunpowder brought into the Tyne for blasting and 
other purposes. 

Post Office Walkee, Thomas Gray, Postmaster. Letters arrive, from Newcastle, at 
11-30 a.m. ami are despatched thereto at 3-20 p.m. 



Ballast Assessor's Office, Low Walker, 

Jacob Danson, inspector 
Barnes Thomas, brick & tile manufacturer 
Barnes, Forster & Co. copperas manu- 
facturers, Low Walker 
Bolton Greorge & Samuel, farmers, Scrogg 

House 
Brown William, butcher. Low Walker 
Brown James, farmer, Stott's House 
Bulman F.W.( Executors of )Koman cement 

manufacturers, St. Anthony's Quay 
Brown John farmer. Sharper House Farm, 

Walker Station 
Carr & Co. timber merchants, saw mill, &:c. 

Low Walker ; ofl&ce, 25, Broad-chare, 

Newcastle 
Carr William, junior, joiner, Wallcer Station 



Carr Matthew, tailor and beerseller Low 

Walker 
Clark Mrs. Elizabeth, Low Walker 
Cook John, alkali &c. manufacturer 
Cooper Charles, colliery engineer 
Danson Mr. Eichard, Low Walker 
Davison Thomas, farmer 
Dove George, engineer. Walker Iron Works 
Dove John, agent, Bill Point 
Dove Eobert, agent, Low Walker 
Duxlield Mary, shopkeeper. Walker Station 
Etlierington John, grocer 
Falcus John,reheving officer for Long Ben- 
ton and Wallsend, ^^ alker Mill 
Forster, Dale S: Co. brick & tile manu- 
facturers, Low Walker 
Fotliergill Mrs. Ann, Low Walker 



i 



iU 



CASTLE WARD — EAIST DIVISION. 



Fotliergill Miss Ann, clay & boarding school, 

Low Walker 
Hall Joseph, shopkeeper, Low Walker 
Heron Edward, miller, Byker Hill Mills 
Hewitt James, teacher 
Hunter Cuthbert & Co. brick & tile manu- 
facturers, Low Walker 
TTunter William G. grocer, Low Walker 
Jubling Wilham, colliery agent, Low Walker 
Johnson Mrs. Isabella, Walker Grove 
Lambert Nathaniel & Co. coUiery owners, 

Walker Colliery 
Losh Wilson & Bell, iron manufacturers, 

Walker Iron Works 
Mather Ann, grocer. Low Walker 
Miller, Eavenhill, & Salkeld, iron ship 

builders. Low Yv'alker 
Mitchell Chas. & Co. iron shipbuilders, 

Low Walker 
Mitchell Charles, iron ship builder (C. 

Mitchell & Co.); ho. Low Walker 
Potts Cuthbert, grocer and shipbuilder, 

Walker Iron Works 
Eayne C. and J. & Co. seed crushers and 

turpentine distillers, Walker Oil Mills' 
Redhead John, farmer. Low Walker 
Rennoldson ^drs. Mary, Walker Mill 
Ilennoldson W^ilHam, miller, Walker Mill 
Scott Robert, butcher. Walker Iron Works, 

St. Anthony's and Bill Quay 
ScweU Jos. & Co. copperas manufacturers, 

Lov/ Walker 
Smith William B. surgeon. Walker Iron 

Works 



Swan William, farmer 

Tate William, grocer and draper, Walker 

Iron Works 
The Walker, Alkaxi Company, manu- 
facturers of crystals of soda, alkalies, & 

bleaching powders 
Thompson Joseph, agent, Walker Station 
Thompson Rev. Christopher, incumbent of 

W^alker, Parsonage House 
Tweddell Robert, butcher, Yfalker Iron 

Works 
Tweddell John, grocer & spirit merchant, 

Walker Iron Y^orks 
Tweddell Thomas, vict. StacJc Inn, farmer 

and brewer. Stack Brewery 
Vernon John, agent for Miller, Eavenhill, 

and Salkeld, Low Yfalker 

Inns 

Crown and Anclior, Joseph Middleton, Low 

Yfalker 
Engine, Christopher Crawford, Yfalker 

Station 
Hope and Anclior, Y'^ilHam Hicks, Bill Point 
Scrogg House, George and Samuel Bolton 
Ship, John Mattiiews, Bill Point 
Stack, Thomas Tweddell, & brewer. Stack 

Brewery 
White House, Thomas Harrison, Low 

Walker 
JVoolsington House, Y^ilham Carr, Yv'alker 

Station 
Waggon, Thomas Gray, Low Y'alker 



Little Benton is a small village and joint to wnship ^-ith Walker, with 
^.vhich its population and acreage are returned. Its rateable value is £3,122. 
Here are extensive collieries carried on bj the proprietors of Heaton Colliery. 
Eustace de Benton held this manor, under the barony of Gaugy, in the reign 
of Henry III. It afterwards became the property of the Scroope family, 
from whom it passed to the Greystocks. We find it possessed by the Fitz- 
hughs, in the reign of Henry VI., and it subsequently passed to the Hindmarsh, 
and Bigge families. The present proprietors are Captain Bigge, and Captain 
Potts, of Benton Park. The Village of Little Benton is situated about 
one mile south of Long Benton. There is a school at Bigg's Main, which is 
attended by about ninety children, and is used as a place of woi-ship, on 
Sundays, by the Wesleyan Methodist Eeformers. 

Benton House is a fine structure, the residence of Captain Potts and 
Edward Potts, Esq. Benton White House. — This estate has been 
converted into a Botanical Gardens, which were first opened to the 
public on Whit-Monday, 1854. They are the property of a joint-stock 
company, whose capital is £10,000, in a thousand shares of £10 each. 
The grounds, which comprises thirty-one acres, are beautifully situated and 



6T. ANDRE^Y S TAEISH, 



465 



tastefully laid out, and it is intended, at some future period, to add to 
their attractions, by making them zoological, as well as botanical gardens^ for 
the counties of Northumberland and Durham. 



Bell Edward, farmer, Benton Park 
Gordon James, sclioolmaster, Bigg's Main 
Jobling John, overman, Bigg's Main 
Laws John, under viewer, Bigg's Main 
Nisbitt Wm. registrar of births and deaths 
Parker John, far.nier, Benton Park 
Potts Captain John, county magistrate, 
Benton Park 



Potts Edward H. Esq. Benton Park 

Russell George C. farmer 

Smithard Eev. Joseph, M.A. curate of Long 

Benton ; ho. Benton Park 
Steele George, agent, Bigg's Main 
The Owners of Heaton Colliery, Bigg's 

Main 



Weetslade is a township in this parish, situated three miles N. N. W. of 
Long Benton, and six miles north by east of Newcastle. The area is returned 
with the parish; population in 1841, 1,003 ; and in 1851, 1,353 souls. ■ The 
rateable value of the tow^nship is £4,790, and Thomas Smith, Esq., of Gosforth 
House, Captain Bray, John Walker, Esq., of Seaton Burn House, J. H. H. 
Atkinson, Esq., John Clayton, Esq., and Messrs Piapier and Lorraine are the 
principal landov^^ners. There is an extensive colliery and stone quarry in this 
neighbourhood, the former, worked by Messrs John Bowes, Esq. and Partners, 
gives employment to a considerable number of persons. A portion of the 
village of Hazlerigge, is included in this township, the other portion is in that 
of Killiugworth. 

Seaton Buex is a hamlet in Weetslade township. Seaton Buen House 
is a commodious building, the seat of John Walker, Esq. The Wesleyans 
have a temporary chapel here in the school of Mr. Nicholas Whitfield. Six 
Mile Beidge is also a hamlet in this township; it is situated six miles north 
of Newcastle. Wide Open is another hamlet in this township, on the 
Morpeth-road, five and a quater miles north of Newcastle. 

Post OmcE, Weetslade, Jane Brown, Postmistress. Letters arrive from Newcastle 
at 12 noon, and are despatched thereto at 2 p.m. 



Bowes John, Esq. and Partners, colliery 

owners, Seaton Burn Colliery 
Brown Prancis, pubhcan and blacksmith, 

Six Mile Bridge 
Charlton John, overman, Seaton Burn 
Colbeck Heniy, farmer. High Weetslade 
Davidson Edwd. schoolmaster, Hazlerigge 
Davidson Henry, farmer, Wide Open 
Fenwick Thomas, farmer. Wide Open 
Gallon John, farmer. Green's Houses 
Gilhespy Piobert, farmer, Low Weetslade 
Hall John, farmer, Annetsford 
Lenox William,blacksmith and agricultural 

implement maker, Six Mile Bridge 



Palmer Alfred S. viewer, Seaton Burn 
Palmer George, grocer, Hazlerigge 
Robson John, vict. Traveller's Rest, Wide 

Open 
Eobson John, farmer, Wide Open 
Robson Robert, builder, and quany owner, 

Wide Open 
Simpson James, farmer, Six ]Mile Bridge 
Smith William, farmer, High Barns 
Walker John, Esq. Seaton Burn House 
Whitfield Nichol.schoolmaster, Seaton Burn 
Wright Rbt. engineer, Seaton Burn Colliery 
Watson Robert, coal inspector, Seatou 

Burn Colliery 



ST. ANDREW'S PARISH. 

St. Andeew^'s parish comprises the townships of Fenham, Jesmond, and 
St. Andrew, and the parochial chnpehy of Cramhngton. Its area is 6.035 



466 CASTLE WAED— EAST DIVISION, 

acres, and its population in 1801, was 5,099 ; in 1811, 6,490; in 1821, 8,115 ; 
in 183], 13,860; inl841, 17,753; and in 1851, it had attained to 21,190 
sonls. Cramlington being a parochial chapehy, will be found noticed separ- 
ately in its alphabetical order, and the township of St. Andrew forming a 
portion of Newcastle, a separate notice is not required, so all that is necessary 
here is to describe the other two townships belonging to this parish. 

Fenham is a township and hamlet, the property, in ancient times, of the 
famous mihtary order of Knights Templars, on whose suppression it was 
transferred to the Knights Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem. The town- 
ship comprises an area of 420 acres, and the number of its inhabitants in 
1801, was 93; in 1811, 86; in 182], 87; in 1831, 100; in 1841, 74; and 
in 1851, 100 souls. The Hamlet of Fenham is about one mile and a half 
north west of Newcastle. Fexham Hall is most delightfully situated amidst 
rich gardens and extensive pleasure grounds, and commands particularly 
interesting views of the fine vale of the Tyne. 

CowGATE, a hamlet in this township, is situated on the Ponteland road, two 
miles north west of Newcastle. 

Jesmond township is situated about one mile and a half north east of New- 
castle. It contains 654 acres, and its population in 1801, w^as 275 ; in 1811, 
317; in 1821, 467; in 1831, 1,393; in 1841, 1,725; and in ISolithad 
increased to 2,089 souls. Jesmond is included within the parliamentary and 
municipal boundaries of Newcastle. Of late years a considerable number of 
good houses have been erected here, and the scenery and walks in the ^dcinity 
are exceedingly picturesque and agreeable. At the southern extremity of the 
township the Sandyford Dean is crossed by a stone bridge where the rivulet 
falls precipitately over a rocky descent into a narrow ravine of great depth, 
called Lambert's leap, in consequence of the providential escape of Mr. Cuth- 
bert Lambert, whose mare taking fright as he was riding along Sandyford 
Lane, instead of pursuing the road, leaped over the battlement of this bridge 
into the rocky dean below. Mr. Lambert having kept his seat soon recovered 
from the shock but the mare died almost immediately, having dislocated nearly 
every joint in her back. Mr. Nicholson, a surgeon's apprentice, repeated 
this awful leap in 1827, but this time the unfortunate rider was killed, while 
the horse was scarcely injured. At Jesmond Grove on tbe north bank of the 
Ouse Burn, are the ruins of St. Mary's Chapel and Hospital, which were 
formerl}^ much resorted to by pilgrims. The following seats are in this town- 
ship, viz. ; — Jesmond House, Jesmond Cottage, Jesmond Dean House, Gold- 
spink Hall, Villa Real, and Sandyford House. 

Brandling is a village in this township, pleasantly situated on the east 
side of the Town Moor, about one mile and a quarter from Newcastle. 
(For Directory, dc. oj these townships, see Newcastle. J 

TYNEMOUTH PARISH. 

Tynemouth parish is bounded on the north and west by the parishes of 
Earsdon, Long Benton, and Wallsend, on the south by the river Tyne, and 
on the east by the German Ocean. It comprises the townships of Chirton, 



I 



BOROUGH OF TYNEMOUTH. 467 

Cullercoats, Murton or Moortowu, North Shields, Preston, Tynemouth, and 
Whitlej, whose united area is 7,222 statute acres. The population in 1801, was 
14,345; in 1811, 19,042; in 1821, 24,820; in 1831, 24,778; in 1841, 27,249; 
and in 1851 , it had increased to 30,524 souls. The surface is generally level, 
consisting of a strong soil, well suited for the growth of beans and wheat. 
Coal and ironstone are abundant, and the only magnesian limestone in the 
county is found in this parish. Three moors, known respectively by the 
names of Tynemouth Moor, Shire Moor, and Billy Mill Moor, and containing 
tosfether an area of 1,300 acres, were divided and enclosed, under the autho- 
rity of acts of parlia^ment, obtained in the reign of George III. 

BOROUGH OF TYNEMOUTH. 

Tynemouth and North Shields form a corporate and parliamentary 
borough and seaport, at the mouth of the river Tjne, on its northern bank, 
eight miles east north-east from Newcastle. The area of the township of 
North Shields, inclusive of Cullercoats and Philadelphia village, amounts to 
1,018 acres; its population in 1801, was 7,280; in 1811, 7,699; in 182], 
8,205; in 1831, 6,744; in 1841, 7,509; and in 1851, 8,882 souls. Tyne- 
mouth township contains 1,871 acres, and the number of its inhabitants in 
1801, was 3,856; in 1811, 5,843; in 1821, 9,454; in 1831, 10,182; in 
1841, 11,854; and in 1851, it had increased to 14,493 souls. As a great 
portion of the tovm stretches into the adjoining townships of Tynemouth, 
Preston, and Chirton, the two latter of which will be found noticed separately, 
we will here describe the townships of North Shields and Tynemouth as one 
undivided town, extending eastward from Milburn-place, to the Low Lights, 
and northward from the river to the Newcastle and Tynemouth turnpike-road, 
the whole including an area containing upwards of 4,000 houses. The old 
part of it is in the township of North Shields. Within less than a century 
this was "a poor miserable place," containing scarcely a single house roofed 
with tiles, and none slated. It has, nevertheless, sprung up into a large, 
populous, and flourishing town, with many handsome streets, squares, and 
public buildings, a commodious market-place, and a harbour capable of con- 
taining 2,000 vessels, many of those arriving at Shields, both north and south, 
being destined for the Nevv^castle trade, but being of such burden as to pre- 
vent their proceeding up the river to Nev\-castle. The Tyne mouth forms a 
safe haven of sufficient depth to suit vessels of anj tonnage except on the bar 
of sand which crosses it, where there is little more than seven feet depth of 
water at the ebb. On the west side of this barrier there are many dangerous 
rocks, rendering three lighthouses necessary for the safety of the liarbour. 
That called the Low Light is situated near Chfford's Fort, a battery which 
effectually commands the entrance to the river. There are two other lights, 
one on the bank opposite Dockwray-square, and the other on the cliff on the 
north-east side of Tynemouth Castle. North Shields possesses a spacious quay, 
and is provided with everything essential to the expeditious discharge and 
loading of the vessels. The coal trade has contributed greatly to the weidth, 



468 CASTLE WARD-— EAST DIVISION. 

importance, and population of the town, which, having been created a distinct 
port some five years ago, bids fair to become one of the most thriving places 
in the kingdom. The principal manufactures are those connected with the 
supply of the shipping in the port and in the ship-building yards, but there 
are considerable manufactories of chemical substances, tobacco, hats, gloves, 
&c. The market is held on Saturday, and there are annual fairs on the last 
Friday in April, and the first Friday in November. 

Tynemouth village is situated on a kind of promontory, jutting out into the 
sea, and forms a sort of overhanging boundary to the mouth of the Tyne. It 
consists principally of one good street, leading east and west, crossed by some 
smaller streets at right angles to the principal one. The chief source of its 
present importance is the Prior's Haven, which, being sheltered by an amphi- 
theatre of rocks, forms one of the best bathing places on the eastern coast. 
The houses are for the most part well built, and daring the bathing season we 
have all the usual finery, and pleasantry, and liveliness of a fashionable 
watering place. 

Tynemouth owes its origin to the religious spirit of our ancestors, and can 
boast of a far more ancient history than its neighbour North Shields. 
Tradition informs us that a priory was erected here by St. Oswald, King of 
Northumbria — although some authorities mention its foundation in connexion 
with the name of King Egfrid. It is known, however, that St. Herebald was 
abbot here in the beginning of the eighth century. The priory was plundered 
by the Danes three several times, before aud duiing the reign of Athelstan. 
Shortly after the Norman conquest, the priory was restored by Tostig, Earl 
of Nortlmmberland, w^hose successor, Waltheof, about 1074, gave it with all 
its possessions, to the monks of Jarrow, and it shortly afterwards became a 
cell to the Church of Durham, but v/as subsequently transferred to St. Alban's, 
in Hertfordshire. During the rebellion of Earl Mowbray, in 1095, the priory 
w^as beseiged by Bufus, who reduced it to a ruin, but it was rebuilt in 1110, 
and in 1121, the monks of Durham made a fruitless attempt to recover it from 
St. Alban's abbey. In subsequent ages the priory enjoyed considerable 
wealth, no fewer than twenty-seven manors in Northumberland, with their 
royalties, and other valuable lands and tenements, having belonged t^ it. 
The small monastery on Coquet Island was a ceU to this house. The annual 
revenue of the priory, at the time of the suppression of the religious houses, 
w^as £396 lOs. 6d., or according to Speed £511 4s. Id. The possessions 
of this venerable establishment were granted by Edward VI, in 1550, to the 
Earl of War\^ick, but, on the attainder of that nobleman, they reverted 
to the Crown. The church continued to be parochial until 1657, when, in 
consequence of its dilapidated state, it w^as considered requisite to erect a new 
church at North Shields, and since the period just mentioned, the ancient 
structure has suffered considerably from the corroding hand of time. The 
lofty position which the priory occupies, renders its ruins visible far out at 
sea. The fine old windows of the Priory Church present graceful examples 
of the early English style of pointed architecture, and the crumbling ruins 
around it show that the priory must have been a place of vast extent. It 
must be confessed, however, that the appropriation of the partially-restored 



I 



BOROUGH OF TYNEMOUTH. 469 

ruin as a magazine for military stores, and of the old tower as a barrack — for 
the site of the priory belongs to the crown, although the Duke of Northum- 
berland is lord of the Manor of Tynemouth — somewhat diminishes the anti- 
quarian and picturesque interest attached to the ruins. 

North Shields is scarcely mentioned in our early history, and is indebted 
for its origin to the priors of Tynemouth, who endeavoured, by every means 
in their power, to raise a town upon the northern bank of the Tyne. In this 
undertaldng they were most strenuously opposed by the burgesses of Newcastle, 
who, in 1280, summoned the prior of Tynemouth before John Delaval, the 
King's justice itinerant, to show cause why he had raised a town at Shields, 
consisting of twenty-six houses, inhabited by fishermen, bakers, and brewers, 
from whom he received a considerable income. He was also charged with 
allowing ships to load and unload, and that he encouraged several branches 
of trade, with many other charges of a similar nature. The prior made an 
able defence, but the jury found that he had built a town upon the northern 
shore of the Tyne, w^here no town ought to stand, but only huts for fishermen. 
The prior's four ovens at Shields were fined five marks, and both Shields and 
Tynemouth were forbidden to hold fair or market, or to expose for sale, meat, 
drink, or other articles. Previous to this trial the prior had sixteen "great 
fishing busses," and his town of Shields was rich enough to send to sea two 
hundred vessels. Shortly after the above trial the prior had to remove, at his 
own expense, the quay which he had caused to be erected. The 
spirit of monopoly was long cherished by Newcastle, and it was not till 1804 
that the inhabitants of Shields and Tynemouth obtained the privilege of a 
public market. 

CHURCHES, CHAPELS, PUBLIC BUILDINGS, &c. 

The Parish, or Christ's ChurcHj Preston Lane, was erected about the 
middle of the seventeenth century. It was originally constructed of brick, 
but, in 1792, it was almost entirely re-built of stone, and a steeple was also 
erected. At present it is a plain commodious structure, capable of accom- 
modating about 2,000 persons. The parish register commences in 1607. 
The living, a discharged vicarage in the archdeaconry of Northumberland 
and deanery of Newcastle, is valued in the Liber Regis at £21. 19s. 4d. ; 
gross income, £298. Patron, the Duke of Northumberland. Vicar, the Rev. 
Christopher Reed; curates, the Revs. John W. Taft, John H. Blunt, and 
Matthew Atkinson. 

Holy Trinity Church, Collingwood-street, is attended by the clergymen 
of Christ's Church. 

St. Cuthbert's Catholic Church, Bedford-street, is an elegant stone 
edifice in the Gothic style. It was erected in 1820-21, and was opened on 
the 21st of June of the latter year, by the Right Rev. Thomas Smith, Bishop 
of Bolina, and Vicar Apostolic of the Northern District, assisted by a large 
number of clergymen. The Presbytery adjoining the church is a handsome 
stone building. The Rev. Thomas Gillow, is the present priest. 



470 CASTLE WAED — EAST DIVISION. 

The Scotch Church, Howard-street, is a handsome stone structure 
in tlie Grecian Doric style of architecture, erected in 1811, at a cost 
of £2,275. Eev. W. Reive, minister. The Wesletan Chapel, Howard- 
street, is a spacious brick building, possessing accommodation for about 
3,000 persons. It was erected in 1807, at a cost of £2,500. The 
Wesletan (New Connexion) Chapel, Linskiil-street, is a good stone 
edifice, erected in 1836, at a cost of £1,200, This denomination pos- 
sesses another chapel in South-street. The Independent Chapel, Cam- 
den-street, was erected in 1817, by a body of seceders from the Scotch 
Church, Howard-street. It is a fine stone structure, and will accommodate 
about 800 persons. Roy. Archibald Jack, minister. The Baptist Chapel, 
Howard-street, is a neat stone building in the Norman style, erected in 1846, 
at an expense of £1,200. It possesses sittings for 700 persons. Rev. John 
D. Carrick, minister. The United Presbyterian Chapel, Norfolk-street, 
is a plain brick edifice, capable of accommodating about 450 persons. A 
piece of ground, in Norfolk-street, has been purchased by tins congregation, 
who purpose erecting a new and more commodious place of worship. Rev. 
H. E, Fraser, minister. In addition to the above, the Wesleyan Reformers 
have a place of worship in Norfolk-street, the Primitive Methodists possess 
one in Union-street, the Friends have a meeting house in Ropery Banks, 
and there is a French Chapel in Stephenson-street. 

Royal Jubilee School. — This establishment is situated in Albion-street, 
and is a large brick edifice, with residences for the teachers attached. It was 
erected by subscription in 1810, under the patronage of the Duke and 
Duchess of Northumberland, and is supported by voluntaiy subscriptions and 
donations. It is attended by about three hundred children of both sexes. 
Thomas Haswell, Judith Murray, and Rosamond Harrison, teachers. 

Kettlewell's School is situated in George-street, and is a handsome stone, 
building in the Egyptian style of architecture. It was founded in 1824, by 
the will of Mr. Thomas Kettle well, who directed that the government should 
be vested in eight trustees, with the right of appointing and removing the 
master. By the deed of foundation theiustruction to be imparted, is described 
as " such useful knowledge and learning as the trustees should deem prudent," 
and the establishment is to be free to poor children belonging to, or residing 
in the parish, with preference to orphans. The income is derived from 
dividends, which produced, at the time of the Charity Commissioners' Report 
£111 12s. per annum. About two-hundred boys are taught reading, writing 
and accounts, and some of them Latin. Henry Johnson, teacher. 

Holy Trinity School is a good stone building, situated in Collingwood- 
street, near the church, and has an average daily attendance of three-hundred 
pupils. Robert Bone and Margaret Dunn, teachers. 

Catholic School, Nelson-street, was erected in 1840. It is a neat stone 
edifice, and is attended by about one hundred and thirty children. Thomas 
McKenzie, teacher. 

In addition to these schools there are the Girls' Union School, Norfolk- 
street, Jane Hall, teacher; the Industry and Infant School, Norfolk-street, 



BOROUGH OF TYNEMOUTH. 471 

Maiy Hobson, teacher ; the Scotch Church National Schools, Howard-street, 
John Mavor and D. Shai^, teachers ; besides numerous private schools, for 
v.'hich see Directory. 

The public buildings and institutions of this borough are as numerous and 
as elegant as those of any other town of the same class. Among its many 
institutions the first place is due to the Dispensary, which was estabhshed, in 
1802, " for the relief of the lame and the sick poor of North Shields and 
Tynemouth," and is entirely supported by bequests, donations, and subscrip- 
tions. Since the institution of this meritorious establishment, at the period 
above mentioned, it has rendered incalculable benefits to the poor of the town 
and neighbourhood. The Duke of Northumberland is patron, Wm. Linskill, 
Esq., and the Rev. Christopher Reed, presidents ; Joseph Laing, Esq., Tlios. 
Fenwick, Esq., and E. J. Collingwood, Esq., vice-presidents ; Mr. Maysou, 
honorary secretary. For surgeons, &c., see Directory. 

The Master Mariners' Asylum is pleasantly situated on Tynemouth Road. 
It is a stone structure in the Ehzabethian style, and was erected in 1837-8, 
at a cost of £5,100. The Duke of Northumberland gave the site, and a 
large quantity of the materials employed in the construction of the edifice. 
It will accommodate eighteen men and their wives, as also fourteen wido^vs, 
and at present (1854) is fully occupied. A full length statue of the Duke of 
Northumberland, occupies a niche in the front of the building. Mr. Robert 
Popplewell, secretary. 

The towai possesses several w^eU conducted benefit societies, among which 
the following deserve particular notice, viz. ; — " The Good Design Associa- 
tion " for the relief of shipwrecked mariners, &c. ; the " Loyal Standard 
Association," for the mutual relief of sailors, &c., in case of shipwreck or 
other disasters; and the " Shipwrecked Fishermen's and Mariners' Society." 
The offices, &c., of the above, and other societies, wall be found in the 
Directory. 

The Savings' Bank, Saville-street, is a provident institution, which affords 
a safe and profitable investment for the savings of the industrious classes. 
Samuel J. Tibbs, actuary. 

The House of Correction is a plain stone building situated in Tynemouth 
Road, and serves as a place of temporary confinement for prisoners previous 
to their rem.oval to the county jail at Morpeth. John Wood, keeper. 

The Custom House is situated on the New Quay. R. S. Kilgour, col- 
lector ; James Turner, comptroller and landing surveyor. 

The Tow^n Hall, Saville-street, is a fine stone edifice, erected in 1844, at 
an expense of £800, and comprises the usual corporate offices, as also the 
county court, police station, &c. Robert Mitchell, superintendent of police. 

The Baths and Wash Houses are situated in Saville-street and Church 
Way, on a piece of ground belonging to the Duke of Northumberland. They 
v/ere erected during the present year (1854), from a design by Messrs. Ash- 
pitel and Whichcord, of London. The south end of the building comprises 
the two principal entrances, an office, and apartments above for the residence 
of the superintendent. The whole of the baths and wash-houses are upon 



472 CASTLE WARD-— EAST DIVISION. 

one floor. The furnaces, boilers, and liot air apparatus are below the ground 
level, and the requisite conducting pipes are carried from these to all parts 
of the building. The largest room in the place is the wash-house department, 
which contains twenty distinct recesses, ten being ranged along each side 
wall, all open in front, but separated from each other, by a partition six and 
half feet high, the floor area of each being five feet by four, and the space 
above the partitions open up to the roof. Every washing apartment is furnished 
\vith three wooden troughs, all framed together, one for boiling the clothes, 
a second for washing, and a tliird for rinsing them. Against the wall, ex- 
tending through the whole range, are three pipes, from which are taps to 
supply hot and cold water and steam, the boiling process in one of the tubs 
being kept up by a jet from the steam pipe passing constantly into it. Down 
the middle of the room there is a double range of drying closets, back to back, 
corresponding in number with the w^ashing apartments. The closets are 
furnished vdth galvanized iron rods to hang clothes on, which will be dried 
by heated air coming up through iron gratings in the floor. On a line with 
the w^ash-house, in a separate apartment, there are four second-class baths for 
women, one of whicli can be used as a shower bath. The east entrance from 
the front leads to an apartment with two first-class baths for women, one of 
which is also a shower bath. The other front entrance leads to two separate 
apartments, one containing seven second-class baths for men ; the other con- 
taining three first-class. There is a vapour bath in one of these apartments, 
W'hich can be used as a shower bath also. On the whole, the arrangements 
are most admirable, and the manner in which the work has been executed 
reflects great credit on the contractors, Messrs. Rutter and Towns, of Korth 
Shields, for the builders' work ; and Mr. Thomas Potter, of London, who 
had the engineers' work. David Matthew, superintendent. 

There are also extensive baths at the Prior's Haven, Tynemouth, and an 
old establishment, for slipper and shower baths, at the Low Lights. 

Banks. — The National Provincial Bank of England is situated in 
Howard-street. P. A. Dodds, manager. This establishment draws upon 
the London Joint Stock Bank, Princess-street, London. The Northumber- 
land AND Durham District Bank is in Camden-street. Piobert Milburn, 
manager. This house draws upon Barclay, Bevin, & Co., Lombard-street, 
London. The Union Bank is situated in Howard-street. Robert Foster, 
manager. It draws upon the Union Bank, Princess-street, London. The 
business hours of the above establishments are from ten a.m. to three p.m., 
except on Fridays when they close at one p.m. 

The Borough of Tvnemouth Gas Company possess works at the Low 
Lights, and Northumberland-street, the former of which were established in 
1802, at an expense of £5,000, since which time their efficiency has been 
much increased. The offices of the company are situated in Bedford-street, 
W. H. Atkinson, secretary. 

The Post Office is situated in Camden-street, John Hume, postmaster. 
There are receiving houses at the Bull Ring, Tyne-street, and Russell-street. 

The Railway Station is in Little Bedford-street. Trains pass ten or 



BOROUGH OF TYNEMOUTH* 473 

twelve times daily for Newcastle and Tyneraoutli. The Blytli and Tyne 
Railway Company, have a station at Percy Main. Robert Snowdon, station 
master. The York, Newcastle, and Berwick Railway Company, have 
also a separate station at the same place. James Doherty, station master. 

The Temperance Hall, or Athen^um, Norfolk-street, was erected in 
1845, at a cost of £1,200. It is a fine commodious edifice, containing a 
museum, meeting-room, and various offices. 

The Registrar's Office is situated in Saville-street, and is a fine stone 
building in the Gothic style, erected in 1837, at a cost of £800. It contains 
the Savings' Bank, and Guardians' Meeting-room. S. J. Tibbs, clerk, and 
superintendent registrar. There are in Shields many other offices, &c. 
which our space will not permit us to particularise, they will be found in 
their proper places in the Directory. 

The Tynemouth Literary and Philosophical Society, Howard-street, 
was established in November 1835. In consequence of the North Shields 
Subscription Library having been for some time in a declining state, through 
a deficiency of adequate support, it was resolved to alter its mode of operation, 
and to form the above society, which now possesses a good library of 6,000 
volumes, and a museum, in addition to which lectures are delivered, from 
time to time, on literary and scientific subjects. It is open every day (Sundays 
excepted) from ten a.m. to one p.m. and again from six to ten p.m. Patron, 
the Duke of Northumberland ; Vice Patrons, Matthew Bell, Esq. and Samuel 
Ogle, Esq.; Secretary, J. P. Dodd, L.L.D.; Librarian, John Robson. 
There is another Library in Tyne-street, called the " Tradesmen's and 
Mechanics' Library." The town also possesses two news-rooms, the " Com- 
mercial News-room," Tyne-street, G. L. Dobinson, secretary; and the " Tyne 
News-room," in Dockwray-street, G. Robson, secretary. 

The Theatre Pooyal is situated in Union-street. It is a fine commo- 
dious building, weU. adapted for the purposes to which it is applied. The 
internal arrangements and decorations, are in good taste, and are scarcely 
surpassed by any provincial theatre. Samuel Roxby, lessee and manager. 

The Old Assembly Rooms are at the George Tavern, King-street. 

The Albion Assembly Rooms, Norfolk-street, North Shields, form a hand- 
some structure of polished ashlar, in a very ornamental style of architecture, 
consisting of an addition to the Albion Hotel, in the above street, and three 
shops with extensive cellars underneath. The fronts of these shops are very 
ornate, with arched tops, carved caps, consols, &c., and each window is 
filled with one square of plate glass, which adds much to the general appearance. 
Above the shops, and extending the entire length of the building, is a large 
hall eighty-four feet six inches in length, by thirty-six feet in breadth, and 
nearly thirty feet in height. The interior is finished in a bold, ornamental 
style, the walls are pannelled with wood to the height of six feet, and behind 
this pannelling a current of fresh air is allowed to pass, which can be regulated 
to any extent, thus making adequate provision for the requisite ventilation. 
The windows are lofty and circular, and between them are pilasters with carved 
caps, having a truss running up to meet the moulded beams which divide the 

O TV o 



474. CASTLE WARD— EAST DIVISIOX. 

ceiling into compartments. These are divided into pannels, and give to the 
ceiling a very rich appearance, In each compartment of the ceiling, a venti- 
lator is placed, filled in with a neat ornamental centre flovrer. The cornice is 
Yeiy bold having cantilevers, and the frieze a running flower or scroll. There 
are three very handsome stone fire places, ornamented with pilasters, carved 
caps, and trusses. The jambs are arched, the keystone being a finely exe- 
cuted lion's head, and the spandrils are filled in with a carved device of the 
rose, thistle, and shamrock. The staircase is very spacious, and above it is a gal- 
lery or orchestra, capable of accommodating upwards of one hundred persons. 
The hall is lighted with four circular chandehers, designed expressly for the 
purpose by the architect, and constructed by Messrs. Glaholm, of Newcastle. 
These chandeliers have each sixty jets, and when lighted must present a 
magnificent appearance. The whole of the works are well executed and 
reflect the highest credit upon the several parties who have been employed 
in their execution. The building is the property of Messrs. Carr, Ormston, 
and Carr, of the Low Lights. The mason work and carving were done by 
Mr. J. Eidley Eobson, and the joiner work by Mr. Thomas Dawson, both of 
North Shields, the plastering by Mr. James Aitken, and the wood-carving 
by Mr. Jobson of Newcastle. The whole has been executed from designs 
furnished by Mr. J. E. Watson, architect, of Newcastle. 

The Noeth Shields and Tynemoxjth Cricket Club, for the practice 
of the manly, in^-igorating, and truly English game of cricket, is under the 
patronage of the Duke of Northumberland. The cricket ground is situated 
in Preston Lane. 

The Tynemouth Pooe Law Union comprises 30 parishes and townships 
including an area of 39,737 statute acres, and a population in 1851 of 64,248 
souls. The parishes and tov\-nships are Backworth, Bebside, Blj^th (South^i 
and Newsham, Burradon, Chirton, Cowpen, Cramlington, Cullercoats, Earsdon, 
Hartford (East), Hartford (West), Hartley, Holywell, Horton, Howden Pans, 
Killingworth, Long Benton, Monkseaton, Murton, North Shields, Philadelphia, 
Preston, Seaton Delaval, Sighill, Tynemouth, Walker, Wallsend, Weetslade, 
WlUington, and Whitley. — The Union Woekhouse is situated in Preston 
Lane. JohnTinley, Esq., chairman; Cuthbert Hunter, Esq., vice-chairman; 
J. Pt. Owen, surgeon ; Samuel James Tibbs, clerk ; John Johnson, master ; 
Hannah Johnson, matron. 

The County Court, for the recovery of debts under JgSO. is held once 
a month, at the Town HaU, Saville Street. James Losh, Esq., judge. Office, 
Tyne Street, Henry Ingledew, Esq, clerk. 

Government and Feanchise. — Tynemouth and North Shields were 
enfranchised by the Pteform Act, and now return one member to the Imperial 
Parliament. The borough consists of the townships of Chirton, North Shields, 
Preston, Tynemouth, and Cullercoats. The area of the borough is 5,161 sta- 
tute acres, and its population, in 1851, was 29,170 souls. Courts Leet, Baron 
and Customary of the lord of the manor, are held here by prescription, and 
are of very ancient date. Jurisdiction is held in all actions of a personal 
nature of debt, trespass, and replevin, where the sum claimed is under forty 



BOROUGH OF TTNEMOUTH. 



475 



shillings The court may be held from three weeks to three weeks, but has 
only been held twice a year, at Easter and Michaelmas. A charter of in- 
corporation has been granted to Tynemouth, which is now for municipal 
pm'poses, divided into three ivards, called respectively North Shields, Tyne- 
mouth, and Percy Wards. Six aldermen and eighteen councillors have been 
appointed for its government, and a commission of the peace has also been 
granted. The parliamentary and municipal boroughs are coextensive. 
William Shaw Lindsay, Esq. is the present member. 



BOROUGH OF TYNEMOUTH. 



COEPORATION IN 1854-5. 



John W. Mayson, Mayor. 
Thomas C. Lietch, Town Clerk. j Eobeet Spence, Treasurer. 

Thomas Fenwick, Surveyor. 
ALDEEMEN. 



William Linskill, 
Eobeet Pow. 
Solomon Mease. 



Alexander Baetleman. 
Matthew Popplewell. 
John Twizel. 



NoETH Shields Waed. 
George Hall. 
Eobert Laiug. 
G. S. Tyzack. 
James Leslie. 
George Wascoe. 
John Eennison. 



COUNCILLOES. 

Tynemouth Waed. 
John Tinley. 
John Owen. 
J. E. Proctor. 
John Carr. 
John F. Spence. 
George Johnson. 



Peecy Waed. 
William Walker. 
George Eippon. 
J. W. Mayson. 
William Eichmond. 
Thomas Barker. 
John Fenwick, jun. 



The Mayor. 
Thomas Barker, 
John Ball. 
John Coppen, 



BOEOUGH MAGISTEATES. 

William Linskill. 
Solomon Mease. 
Joseph Straker. 



JtlENEY Claek, High Constable. 

Charities. — Besides the charity schools, this parish possesses the following 
bequests and donations. A rent charge of £20 per annum, left by Sir Mark 
Milbank, who directed that £3 thereof should be paid to the vicar, and tlie 
residue to the poor of the parish. Eleanor Wilson, in 1703, left £25 for 
the poor of the same place. William Raperleft the sum of £30, the interest 
of which was to be devoted to the poor of the parish. George Crawford, in 
1811, bequeathed the dividends on £700, three per cent, consols, for the 



476 



CASTLE WARD EAST DIVISION. 



poor of tlie village of Tynemoutli. George Milburn left ten shillings a year 
to be paid to the poor of the township of Chirtou, at Easter, and Margaret 
Richardson, by her will, bearing the date 3rd April, 1788, bequeathed 
£466 13s. 4d. East India annuities, to the poor of the township of 
North Shields. 



POST OFFICE, NORTH SHIELDS. 

John Hume, Postmaster. 



DELIVEEIES. 



1st — rrom London and all parts 

2nd — „ London, Scotland, Northumberland, r«tewcas- 
tle, Gateshead, Sunderland, South Shields, 

and Blyth Road 

,, Tyuemouth 



On Sundays 



London and all parts , 



Delivery 
Commences 



8 30 a.m. 

7 p.m. 

8 30 p.m. 
7 p.m. 

9 a.m. 



i^ttendance at the Office from 9 to 10 30 a.m. only. 



DESPATCHES. 

* To the North generally 

Jst — ^London, Bye-road, Ireland, Newcastle,] 
Gateshead, Sunderland, and South \ 
Shields J 

2nd — London, South generally, Scotland, and 

Ireland 

Blyth, Cullercoats, Seaton - sluice, 
Hartley, Percy-main, and Chirton . . 

Tynemouth 



Letter-box 
Closes, 



3 20 p.m. 

4 20 p.m. 

8 20 p.m. 

8 a.m. 

8 30 a.m. 
7 p.m. 



Additional 
Stamp. 



3 40 p.m. 

4 40 p.m. 

8 40 p.m. 
8 25 a.m. 



Town Eeceiving Houses close at 3-50 p.m. and 7-50 p.m. 

* Letters for first despatch, north, must be posted at chief-ofl&ce. 

Mo^'EY Oedees granted and paid from 9 a.m. till 4 p.m., and from 4-50 till 6 p.m« 
Letters registered until within half-an-hour of the closing of the letter-box for each 
despatch. 



BOROUGH OF TYNEMOUTH 
DIRECTORY. 



ABEAM Thomas, cheese, flour, and hacon 

merchant, Bedford-street; ho. Cecil-street 
Abraham Joseph, clothier, Clive-street 
Adams George, cabinet maker and joiner, 

Library Bank, Foot of Howard street; ho. 

8, Nelson-street 
Adams George, outfitter. New Quay 
Adams John, vict. Raffled Anclior, Swan's 

Quay 
Adams George, master mariner, Preston 
Adams Thomas, master mariner, Preston 
Adamson Marylsab. teacher,97, Church-way 
Affleck William, grocer and pro\nsion mer- 
chant. North-street; ho. Bedford-street 
Adamson William, solicitor, Front-street, 

Tynemouth 
Ainsley George, butcher, 30, Duke-street 
Aird John, bootmaker. Beacon-street 
Aisbitt T. 0. ship and insurance agent, 

Dockwray-square 
Aird Thos. bootmaker, 25, Linskill-street 
Alderson Pv,ev. Wm. 58, Norfolk- street 
Alendale Charles, agent, Huntingdon-place, 

Tynemouth 
Alexander Alexander, gardener, Albion-st 
Alexander Mi\ John, East Percy-street 
Alexander John, tallow chandler, Knott's- 

lane; ho. 38, Norfolk-street 
Alexander William, vict. Brewers' Arms, 

Beacon-street 
Allen Mrs. Ellen, midwife, 9, Saville-street 
Allen Ahce, vict. Corporation Arms Tavern, 

Wellington-street 
Allen William, master mariner, Church-st 
AlHson W. H. and Co. brewers, malsters, 

and wine and spirit merchants, High 

Brewery, Duke-street 
Allon James C. builder, Upper Linskill-st 
Allon John, builder (Wright and Allon); 

ho. King-street 



Allon John C. builder, Linskill-street 
Almond John P. engineer & engine builder, 

King street and Union Quay, Low Lights ; 

ho. George-street 
Anderson Joseph, registrar of births and 

deaths for the districts of Tynemouth, 

Cullercoats, Whitley, and Monkseaton, 

18, King-street 
Anderson Francis E. draper and outfitter, 

Clive-street; ho. S'J, Church-street 
Anderson Jas. turner & carver, Camden-ln 
Anderson Geo. ship builder and surveyor, 

&c. (Pickering & Anderson); ho. Bell-st 
Anderson Henry, agent, Low Lights 
Anderson James, vict. Royal Hotel, Tyne- 
mouth 
AndersonJon. dealer in sundries,Charlotte-st 
Anderson Jno. painter & glazier, Charlotte-st 
Anderson John, master mariner, George-st 
Anderson Piobt. master mariner 23,King-st 
Anderson Joseph, registrar of births and 

deaths for Tynemouth district, 18,King-st 
Angus Thomas, boot and shoemaker, 50, 

Church -way 
Angus William, tailor. 3, Camden-street 
Anstice Mrs. Ellen, Tynemouth 
Anthony Ann, marine store dealer. Grey 

Horse Quay 
Appleby Sarah, milliner and dress maker, 

Norfolk-street 
Appleby Thomas, bookseller. Front-street, 

Tynemouth 
Appleton Horatia, btchr. Lower Peai'son-st 
Archer George, tailor, Bussell-street 
Arkell Elizabeth, vict. and grocer, Wheat 

Sheaf, Middle-street 
Arkley John, master mariner, 4, Smith's-pl 

Toll-square 
Arkley John, dealer in groceries, 2, Dot- 

Avick-street ; ho. Kopery-bank 



478 



CASTLE WARD — EAST DH'ISION, 



Armer Eobert, grocer, Percy-st. TjTieniouth 
Armstrong George, butcher and shipowner, 

Clive-street ; ho. Sidney-street 
Armstrong Isabella, milliner cfc dressmaker 

67, Stephenson-street 
Armstrong Isabella, vict. Oah Tavern, 

Charlotte-street 
Armstrong John, L. grocer, Union-street 
Armstrong John, ship & insurance broker, 

12, Tyne-st ; ho. 68, Church-street 
Armstrong John, ^dct. Hojpe and Anchor, 

Bell-street 
Armstrong John, master mariner, 59, 

Howard-street 
Armstrong Joseph, master mariner, Lins- 

kill-street 
Armstrong Robert B. Temperance Hotel, 

Front-street, Tynemouth 
Armstrong Eobert, tailor, 67, Church-way 
Armstrong WiUiam, baker and flour dealer, 

Church-way 
Armstrong Wm. butcher and vict. Norfolk 

Arms, Norfolk-street 
Arras John, draper, Albion-street 
Arthur Edward E. ship surveyor, and ship 

owner, Bedford-street 
Arthur Wilham Baker, Cullercoats 
Ascough George, tin and iron plate worker 

and brazier, 86, Stephenson-street 
Atkin Ealph, cabinet maker and joinei'. 

Queen-street ; ho. 23, Church-street 
Atkins William, master mariner, Church-st 
Atkinson George, agent, Sidney-street 
Atkinson John, shipowner and vict. Steam 

Ferry House, New Quay 
Atkinson John M. com. agent, 17,Walker-pl 
Atkinson John, wine and spirit merchant, 

Clive-street : ho. Albion-street 
Atkinson John W. plumber, brazier, gas- 
fitter, and iron and tinplate worker, 

Union -street 
Atkinson Matthew H. secretary to the 

Equitable Insurance Association, 35, 

Tyne-street ; ho. Eosella place 
Atkinson Eer. Matthew, Bedford-street 
Atkinson Michael, linen andwoollen draper 

and mercer, Howard-street 
Atkinson Eobert, shipowner, 10, East 

Percy-street 
Atkinson William H. secretary to gas com- 
pany and insurance agent, Bedford-street; 

ho. Tynemouth-terrace 
Austin Joseph, master mariner, Linskill-st 
Avery George, shipowner, Stephenson-st 
Avrillaud Jules, agent for the French Consul 

at Newcastle; ho. Cobourg-place 
Aynsley G. butcher, 30, Duke-st.&Middle-st 



Aynsley Eenwick, farmer, Seaton Villa, 
Monkseaton 

Aynsley Henry, vict. and wholesale agent 
for Elliot and W^atney's London porter, 
Uncle Tom's Vaults, 51, Bedford-street 

A}-nsley,Thos. master mariner,57,Norfolk-st 

BAILEY John, chemist and druggist and 

grocer, 56, Front-street, Tynemouth 
Baine George, master mariner, 27, North-st 
Bainbridge W^illiam, shipowner and master 

mariner, 40, Sidney-street 
Baird Joshua, dealer in sundries, Bell-st 
Baird John, inland revenue officer, 79, 

Linskill- street 
Baker Jacob, pork butcher, Clive-street 
Baker E. tailor & draper, 72, Church-way 
Ballard Frederick, tripe preparer, Duke-st 
Balls W^m. master mariner, 65, Howard-st 
Banks Benjamin, acting tide surveyor, 

Hudson-street 
Barker & Fenwick, clerks to the magistrates 

for the east division of Castle Ward, 

Norfolk-street 
Barker Henry, commission agent, Norfolk- 
street ; ho. 59, Camden- street 
Barker Eichard, soHcitor, Norfolk-street; 

ho. Preston 
Barker Thomas, Esq. J. P. shipowner, 

Eosella Cottage 
Barlow Mrs. Hannah, 22, Norfolk-street 
Barnsley John, master mariner, 69, Cam- 
den-street 
Barras Charles, master mariner, Linskill-st 
Bartleman & Crighton, brewers, malsters, 

and wine and sphit merchants, Bull-iing 

and Clive-street 
Bartleman Alexander, brewer and wine and 

spirit merchant (Bartleman & Crighton); 

ho. Tynemouth 
Bartlett Joshua, hairdresser, Dotwick-st 
Baty Mrs. Isabella, East Percy-street 
Bavjdge Wm. A. shipowner, 62, Howard-st 
Baxter Anthony, fishmonger, W^. Percy-st 
Baxter W'illiam, master mariner, Linskill-st 
Bayhe W^ilHam, vict. and insurance agent, 

tfnion Hotel, Lid dell-street 
Baynes George & Co. grocers and tallow 

chandlers, 5, Bedford-street 
Baynes George, grocer and tallow chandler 

(G. Baynes & Co.) ; ho. South Preston 

Villa- 
Beagle John, vict. Steam Mill Inn, Mount 

Pleasant 
BeaumontWm. -sact. BatJi Hot el, Tyneraonth 
Bell Edward, tailor, Camden-street 
Bell Eliz. vict. Bull Ring Inn, Bull-ring 



4 



BOROUGH OF TYNEMOUTH DIBECTOEY. 



in 



Bell G. master mariner, Howard-street 
Bell Gr. master mariner, 6, Middle -street 
Bell James, vict. Ship Launch, Low Lights 
Bell, Jane and Dorothy, boarding school, 

9, East Percy-street 
Bell John, dealer in sundries, Bell-street 
Bell Matthew, vict. Gibraltar Rock, Tyne- 

mouth 
Bell Eichard, vict. Globe Inn, Clive street 
Bell Susannah, dressmaker, 77, Hudson-st 
Bell Thomas, green grocer. Duke-street 
Bell Thos. E. W. ship owner, Field House 
Bell Wm. vict. Greyhound, Chm'ch-street 
Bell William, dealer in sundries, Union-st 
Bell William, publican, laainter, glazier, & 

paper hanger, Bedford-street, Union-st. 

and Tynemouh 
Bengali John, butcher, 17, Bull-ring ; ho. 

Nelson-street 
Bengali William, vict. & ship owner, Percy 

Arms, Whitehill Point 
Bergen Eichard, master mariner, Sidney-st 
Berkeley Mr. William, Dawson -square, 

Tynemouth 
BethuneWm. mstr. mariner, 64, Camden-st 
Bevidge Jas. master mariner, Church-street 
Bilton Greo. mstr. mariner, Little Bedford-st 
Birkett John, vict. John Bull, Church-st 
Black Elizabeth, straw - bonnet maker, 

Church-street 
Black George, master mariner, George st 
Black Mr. John, 6, Walker-place 
Black John, ship smith, and chain and 

cable manufacturer, Union-road ; ho. 

Beacon-street 
Black John, boot and shoemaker, Pear- 

son's-row 
Black Joseph, smith, Upper Toll-street 
Black Theodore, master mariner, 55, Cam- 
den-street 
Blacklock Isabella, vict. Phoenix Inn, Duke- 
street 
Blackwood John T. watch and clock maker, 

&c, (W. & J. T. Blackwood) ; ho. 80, 

King-street, South Shields 
Blackwood Wm. watch and clock maker, &c. 

(W. & J. T. Blackwood) ; ho. Tyne-st 
Blackwood W. & J. T. watch and clock 

makers, &c. Tyne-street 
Blagdon & Son ship chandlers, Anchor 

Quay, Clive-street 
Blagdon Jno. ship chandler, and shipowner 

(Blagdon &Son) ; ho. Church-street 
Blagdon Wm. ship chandler (Blagdon and 

Son) ; ho. Church-street 
Blunt Eev. John Henry, 3, Dockwray- 

square 



Blyton John, confectioner and seedsman, 

Tyne-street 
Boag Wm. master mariner, East-street 

Milburn-place 
Bolam Ehzb. milliner, Bedford-street 
Berries Theodore, shipbroker, &c. (Bolde- 

man, Borries & Co.) ; ho Tynemouth 
Boldemann, Borries & Co. shipbrokers, and 

Sweden and Norwegian vice-consuls, 

Bell-street 
Bolton James, baker and flour dealer, 34, 

Stephenson-street 
Bolton Eobert, dealer in groceries and 

baker, 4, Bird-street 
Bone Jane, teacher of the piano-forte, 

4, Nelson-street 
Bone Eobert, teacher, 4, Nelson-street 
Bonhorarae Francis, interpreter, East 

Percy-street 
Boorn Thos. butcher and shipowner, Clive- 
street ; ho. Spring-terrace 
Boswell Mr. Wm. Stephenson-street 
Bourne Wm. M.D. & surgeon, Howard-st 
Bourley Eobt. shipowner, 7, Spring-terrace 
Bowes Mr. Adam E.Dawson-sq.Tynemouth 
Bowie Jane, shipowner, 27, King-st 
Bowman Margaret A. fruiterer & dealer in 

game, 38, Tyne-street 
Bowman Thomas, vict. Percy Arms 

Percy Main 
Bowman Stewart, hairdresser, Clive-street, 
Brack John, vict. and whip-gut manufac- 
turer. Three Tuns, Wooden Bridge 
Bradford Joseph, vict. English and French 

Flag, Bell-street 
Bramwell John B. M.D. and surgeon, 38, 

Dockwray-square 
Bramwell Wm. surgeon, 5, Dockwray-sq 
Brand Joseph, builder and contractor 

(Brand and Mouat) ; ho. George-street 
Brand and Mouat, builders and contractors, 

George-street 
Brewster George E. hairdresser, Church-st 
Briggs Thomas, grocer, tea dealer, and 

tobacconist, 15, Tyne-street 
Brightman tienry A. ship and insurance 

broker, Austrian vice-consul. New Quay ; 

ho. 26, Spring terrace 
Briggs William P. master mariner. Front- 
street, Tynemouth 
Brock John, master mariner, Howard-st 
Broderick John H. master mariner, Lins- 

kill-street 
Brodie Alexr. master mariner, Ropery-bank 
Brodie John, master mariner, Sidney-street 
Brown Adam, boot cl: shoemaker, Bedford-st 
Brown Mrs. Ann, shipowner, Nrthmbrld-sq 



480 



CASTLE WAKD— EAST DIVISION. 



Brov/n Andrew, tailor & outfitter, Duke- 
street & Colliugwood-st; ho. Sidney-st 
Brown Charles, corn miUer (W. Brown & 

Sons); ho. West Percy-street 
Brown Miss Dorothy, 7, Upper Norfolk-st 
Brown Mrs. Frances, King-street 
Brown George, vict. Shij) d: Whale, Bell-st 
Brown George, insurance agent and steam- 
boat proprietor, New Quay; ho. South 
Shields 
Brown Jas. beerhouse, Northumberland-st 
Brown James D. commission agent, Lins- 

kill-street 
Brown James, grocer, Church-way 
Brown James, baker. Church-street 
Brown John, boot & shoemaker, Tyne- 

street ; ho. Queen-street 
Brown John, grocer & flour dealer, Clive- 

street; ho. Bedford-street 
Brown & Butterley, plumbers, braziers, &c. 

6, Norfolk- street 
Brown Eobert, master mariner, 74, Cam- 
den-street 
Brown Piobert, master mariner, Sidney-st 
Brown Thos. vict. Bising Sim,'Bvmismck-'p\ 
Brown Thomas, master mai'iner, 5, Smith's- 

place. Toll-square 
Brown AVilliam, plumber, brazier, & gas 

fitter, 2, Church-way 
Brown William, master mariner, Linskill-st 
Brown '^Vm. & Sons, millers. New Quay 
Brown Wm. corn miller (W. Brown & 

Sons); ho. Dockwray-square 
Brown Wm. junr. com miller (W. Brown 

& Sons); ho. Preston 
Brown William, canvas manufacturer. New 

Quay ; ho. Dockwray-square 
Brown William, watch and clock maker, 47, 

Lid del] -street 
Brown Wm. tinner & brazier, 16, Saville-st 
Brown William, farmer, Preston 
Browne Mrs. Margaret, 13, Walker-place 
Bruce Thos. master mariner, Chui'ch-way 
Bryan Wm. hairdresser. Front-street, Tyne- 

mouth 
Buck Francis, master mariner, 45, Howard- 
street 
Buck John, master mariner, Norfolk-street 
Buckham, John, cabinet maker & joiner, 

Saville-street; ho. Camden-street 
Buckham Eobert, master mariner, Lin- 
skill-street 
Bulcraig Miss Hannah, 4, George-street 
Bulcraig Jane, dealer in sundries, Bell-st 
Bulcraig Saml. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Bullock Thos. butcher, Camden street 
Bullman Thos. vict. Salmon Iim, North^st 



Bulmer Jos. commission & insurance agnt. 

& accountant, 1, Howard-street; ho. Ivy 

House, Preston 
Burdon Thos. master mariner, Norfolk- st 
Burgeon Geo. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Burn James, master mariner, Noi'folk-st 
Burn Eobt. butcher. North st. & Duke-st 
Burn Eobert, junr. butcher, Clive-street ; 

ho. Milburn-place 
Burn Thos. chemist, druggist, & grocer, 

North-street 
Burn Thomas, butcher, Hudson street 
Burns George, butcher. Upper Pearson-st 
Burrell Mrs. EUzabeth, Dockwray-square 
Burrell Mrs. Eleanor, Bedford-street 
Burrell W^iUiam, china, glass, &c. dealer, 

Clive-street 
Burton Jno. master mariner, 64, Howard-st 
Burton Wm. shipowner, 117, Bedford-street 
Butler Charles, dealer in sundries, Clive-st 
Byram Ealph, Earl Grey Inn, Linskill-st 
Byron Edmund, vict., Waterloo Inn, Clive-st 

CALL Geo. vict. and brewer, NortJmmher- 
land Arms, The Allotment 

Cameron Petsr, teacher, Stephenson-st 

Campbell Andrew, baker. Little Bedford-st; 
ho. Church -way 

Campbell Bernard, boot and shoemaker, 
Liddell-street 

Campbell CoHn, Her Majesty's Customs, 
11, Walker-place 

Campbell John, shipowner, 43, Church st 

Campbell Eobert & Sons, hat manufactu- 
rers, merchant tailors and genei^al out- 
fitters, and wine and spii'it merchants. 
Market-place, South Sheilds 

Campbell Eobert, hat manufacturer, wine 
and spirit merchant, etc. (E. Campbell 
& Sons) ; ho. Waterville-terrace 

Campbell Wm. master mariner, 17, ToU-sq 

Campbell William, Northumberland Hotel, 
Bedford-street 

Campbell William, tailor, 26, Camden-st 

Carnaby Wm. dealer in groceries, beerhouse 
keeper, and master mariner, Nelson-st 

Carr, Ormston, & Carr, brewers, and wine 
and spirit merchants, Low Lights 

Carr Edward, grocer, Percy-st. Tynemouth 

Carr Charles, brassfounder (Charlton & 
Carr); ho. Low Lights 

Carr John, brewer, and wine and spirit 
merchant (Carr, Ormston, & Carr) ; ho. 
1, Walker-place 

Carr John, junr. brewer, and wine and spirit 
merchant (Carr, Ormston, & Carr) ; ho 
1, Walker-place 



BOROUGII OF TYNE^rOUTII DirvECTORY. 



481 



CaiT John Sc Son, earthenware manufactu- 
rers, Low Lights 
Carr John, pawnbroker, Northumberland-st 
Carr Eobt. master mariner, Mount Pleasant 
Carr Thos. F. boot and shoemaker, Vfater- 

ville-terrace 
Carr Y\'m. vict. Half Bloon, Low Lights 
Carr Wilham, provision dealer & iDUtcber, 

Low Lights 
Carr Yv'^iUiara, master mariner, Camden-st 
Carrick Eev. John D. Dockwray-square 
Carrick Eev. Thomas, 15, Sidney-street 
CaiTS Thos. dealer in sundries, Norfolk-st 
Case Daniel, fruiterer, New Quay 
Caslow James, vict. Hylton Castle, Dot- 

-svick-street 
Cay Barbara, hosier, Camden-street 
Chambers William, steamboat proprietor, 

22, Camden-street 
Chapman Hedley, cabinet maker & joiner, 

Dotwick-street 
Charlton Ann, grocer, 37, T}Tie-street 
Chaiiton Ann, dealer in sundries, Linskill-st 
CharltonAun,dealer in sundries,Charlotte-st 
Charlton James, butcher, Dotwick street 
Charlton Humble, vict. Victoria, Clive-st 
Charlton Jered, furniture broker, 22, Bed- 
ford-street 
Charlton John, block & mast maker, Bell- 
street; ho. Queen-street 
Charlton J. dealer in sundries, Linskill-st 
Charlton Y\"m. Geo. brassfounder (Charlton 

& Carr); ho. Beacon-street 
Charlton & Baker, clothiers and outfitters, 

Clive-street 
Cliarlton & Carr, brassfounders, Tyne-st 
Chater Edward, china, glass, etc. dealer, 

Clive-street 
Chater George, master mariner, Norfolk-st 
Chater Jno. master mariner, 69, Norfolk-st 
Christie #ohn, vict. Croion and Thistle, 

Duke-slreet 
Cliristie Thomas, master mariner, 23, Wel- 
lington-street 
Christie Wm. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Clark Ann, milhner, Stephenson-street 
Clark Cuthbert, painter, glazier, and paper 
hanger, Dockvv-ray-st ; ho. 42, Dockwray-sq 
Clark George Henry & Co. shipbrokers and 

insurance agents, Tyne-street 
Clark George Henry, shipbroker, etc. (G. 

H. Clark & Co.) ; ho. Dockwray-square 
Clark Jas. master mariner, Stephenson-st 
Clark John, agent, Dales-terrace 
Clark John, master mariner, Norfolk-street 
Clark Margaret, milliner, Wellington-st 
Clark Eobt. U. vict. William IV. Hudson-st 

9 G 



Clark Thos. master mariner, 10, Saville-st 
Clark Thos. master mariner, Hudson-st 
Clark William N. vict. Seven Stars Inn, 1, 

Wooden Bridge 
Clarke Llenry, secretary to the water com- 
pany, and commission agent, 24, Dock- 

wray-square 
Cleugh George, master mariner, Eussell-st 
Cleugh Eobt. biscuit baker & flour dealer, 

Clive-st ; ho. Northumberland-square 
Cleugh E. shipowner, Northumberland-sq 
Close Eichard, shipovmer, 36, George-st 
Clouston Joseph M. ship, engine, & boiler 

smith. Limekiln Shore ; ho. South-st. 

Milburn-place 
Clow Margaret, milliner and dressmaker, 

21, Bird-street 
Coates Geo. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Coates Joseph, painter and glazier, Bruns- 
wick-place 
Coates Peter, blacksmith, Liddell-street ; 

ho. Norfolk-street 
Coates Wm. vict. and butcher. Eagle Inn, 

Upper Pearson-street 
Coates Wm. vict. Star Inn, Wellington-st 
Cockburn Alfred, boot and shoemaker, 

Clive-street 
Cockburn Joseph, cooper, Liddell-street 
Cockburn Wm. master mariner, Nile-st 
Codling Isabella, dealer in sundries, Upper 

Pearson-street 
Codling Ealph, hairdresser, 13, Duke-street 
Coffton John, furniture broker, Bedford-st 
Cohen David, clothier and outfitter, 1, 

Union-street 
Cohen Jacob, general outfitter, 67, Clive-st 
Cole James, dealer in sundries, Bell-street 
Collard Wilham, diver for the corporation, 

Lower Pearson-street 
Colledge Nathaniel, grocer. East Howden 
Colledge Teasdale, master mariner, 40, 

Nile street 
Colley Eobert, agent, Preston 
Collins Ealph, grocer, 69, Clive-street 
Collins Thomas, marine store dealer, Grey 

Hoi'se Quay 
Collinson Simpson, draper, 28, Union-st 
Collinson Joseph, draper (J. Collinson & 

Son); ho. Linskill-sti'eet 
Collinson Joseph, junr. draper (J. Collinson 

& Son); ho. Howard -street 
Collinson Joseph, & Son,drapers, 39, Tnie-st 
Colley George, agent, 35, Percy-street 
Collyer Benj. J. dyer, 7, Stephenson-street 
Common John, boot & shoemaker, Nile-st 
Conley James, engine builder &: sbipsmith, 

Duke St; ho. 12, Nelson-sti-eet 



482 



CASTLE WARD EAST Dr\'ISION. 



Constable Jolin Charles, private teacher, 

Preston-lane 
Cook John, master mariner, 4.5, Church-st 
Cook Wm. cork manufacturer, Bull-ring 
Cook "William, beerhouse. Duke-street 
Cooke 3Iargaret, teacher, Church-street 
Cooke Nicholas, boot & shoemaker, Ty-ne-st 
Cookson W. I. & Co. lead manufacturers, 

Hay Hole, Howden 
Cookson Thos. shipbroker and commission 

agent, 6, Church-street 
Cooper J. master mariner, 18, Eussell-st 
Cooper Jas. steamboat proprietor, South-st 
Cooper John, dealer in groceries, Middle -st 
Cooper Wilham, master mariner, Xelson-st 
Cooper Wra. boatbuilder, North street 
Coppin John, barrister, Northumberland-pl 
Coppin Mrs. Mary, Northumberland-place 
Coppock Henry, shipbroker (Newcastle) ; 

ho. 18, Spring-terrace 
Corbett Wm. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Corder Octavius, cliemist and druggist, 

Tyne-street 
Cornfnrth Mrs. Mary, 1, Cecil-street 
Cotton John L. solicitor, Norfolk-street; 

ho. Cobourg place 
Cotilson Genrge F. dyer, Lin skill-street 
Coulson Mr. Thos. Eeed-street 
Coulthard Wm. B. vict. Push and Full, 3, 

Bedford-street 
Coutts & Pai'kinson, iron shipbuilders, 

Willington Quay 
Coutts John, Esq. Willington Lodge 
Coventry Andrew, baker and lioui' dealer, 

Bedford-street 
Coward Edward, master maiiner, LinskiU-st 
Coward Henry, surgeon, 13, Howard-street 
Cowell John, vict. Blue Bell, Bell-street 
Cowey Peter, vict. and tailor, Priory Inn, 

Bank Top, Tynemouth 
Cownes James, master mariner, Church-st 
Cowperthwaite James, steamboat proprie- 
tor. South-street 
Coxon Mrs. Dinah, shipowner. King st 
Coxon John, auctioneer and appraiser. 

Church-way 
Coxon Thos. shipowner. North umberld.-sq 
Coxon Lambton, master mariner, Norfolk-st 
Coxon "Wm. vict. George Tavern, King-st 
Coxon "\^"m. boot and shoemkr. Chm"ch-way 
Craggs Yv'm. butcher, Dotwick-street 
Cram Geo. master mariner, 3, "V^^alker-pl 
Cramman Jacob, earthenware and marine 

store dealer. Duke-street 
Craig Mr. Thomas, Preston 
Crawford John J. accountant, Stephenson-st 
CraAvford Mrs. Sarah, Northumberland-sq 



Crawford Mr. Thos. Northumberland-square 
Crawford Thomas C. assistant overseer for 
Preston, Cullercoats, and "Whitley, and 
commission and insurance agent, Nor- 
folk-street 
Crawley Frances, dressmaker, King-street 
Crawshay Mr. George, Tynemouth Hall, 

Tynemouth 
Creigh B. master mariner, 58, Howard-st 
Creigh Joseph G. master mariner, Ste- 

phenson-street 
Creigliton James, block, mast, and pump 
maker (W"^right & Creighton) ; ho. Little 
Bedford-street 
Cresswell John, vict. Crescent Tavern, Hud- 
son-street 
Crighton Alexander, brewer and wine and 
spirit mercht. (Bartleman & Crighton) ; 
ho. Northumberland-square 
Crighton Edwin, brewer, and wine & spirit 
merchant (Bartleman & Crighton); ho. 
Northuraberland-squai*e 
Crosthwaite Joseph, steamboat proprietor, 

99, Bedford-street 
Crow Benj. printer, 19^, Chve -street 
Crow Thos. grocer, tea-dealer, and flour- 
dealer, 59, Bedford-street 
Cruddes 3Ir. Wm. 31, Percy-street 
Crutwell 3Irs. Isabella, Sidney-sti-eet 
Cummings John, plumber, brazier, &c. 

Tyne-street 
Cttnningham Mr. J. Front-st. Tynemouth 
Cunningham Lennox T. M.D, & surgeon, 

E.N. Huntingdon-place, Tynemouth 
Cuthbert John, Middle-st. Tynemouth 
Cuthbertson Geo. butcher, LinskUl-street 
Cuthbertson James, master mariner, Lins- 

kill-street 
Cutty Mr. Geo. A. 1, Northumberland-st 

DAGLISH Mrs. M. Cliff Cottage, Tynemth 

Dakers Y^m. chemist and druggist, 10, Dot- 
wick-street 

Dale Henry, sohcitor, etc. (S. J. & Henry 
Dale) ; ho. Northumberland-square 

Dale Mrs. Jane, Newcastle-teiTace, Tyne- 
mouth 

Dale John, master mariner, 21, Stephen- 
son-street 

Dale John, shipowner, 36, Doekwray-sq 

Dale Peter, ship and insurance broker, and 
shipowner (P. Dale &: Co.); ho. Camp-ter 

Dale Peter & Co. ship & insurance brokers, 
and shipowners, Howard-street 

Dale S. J. & Henry, solicitors and clerks to 
the Borough Magistrates, 44, DockwTay- 
square 



I 



BOROUGH OF TYNEMOUTII DIRECTOKY. 



483 



Dale Shallett John, solicitor, etc. (S. J. ct 
Henry Dale) ; bo. Dockwray-sqnare 

Dale Mr. Wm. Newcastle-ter. Tynemouth 

Dalton John, vict Albion Hotel, Norfolk-st 

Davey Benj. master mariner, Lin skill-street 

Davidson George, blacksmith, cartwrigbt, 
and agricultural implement maker, 
Monkseaton 

Davidson Henry N. painter and glazier, 
Dotwick-street ; bo. Ropery Bank 

Da%idson John, master mariner, Sidney-st 

Davidson John, furniture broker, 2], Wel- 
hngton-street 

Davidson J. acting tide surveyor, King-st 

Davidson Michael, tailor, 23, North-street 

Davidson Eobert, smith and agricultural 
implement maker, Preston 

Davie Margt. dealer in sundries, Colling- 
wood-street 

Davison George, provision merchant (Faw- 
cus & Davison) ; ho. Preston 

Davison John, master mariner, Linskill-st 

Davison John, farmer, Preston 

Davison Percy, hairdresser and dealer in 
toys, Tyne-street 

Davison Eobert, dealer in sundries, and 
postman, Linskill-street 

Davison Robert, parish clerk & assistant 
overseer for North Shields, 1, Welling- 
ton-street 

Davison Thos. butcher, Charlotte-street, 
and at Tynemouth 

Davison & Son, brewers, malsters, & whole- 
sale wine and spirit merchants, Monk- 
seaton Brewery 

Davison Thos. D. brewer, malster, & wine 
and spirit merchant (Davison & Son) ; 
ho. Monkseaton 

Davison William, butcher and shipowner, 
Liddell -street ; ho. Howard-street 

Davison AVilliam, brewer, malster, and wine 
and spirit merchant (Davison & Son); ho. 
Monkseaton 

Dawson Andrew, glass and china dealer, 
Tyne-street 

Dawson Ann, dealer in sundries, North- 
umberland-street 

Dawson Charles, cooper, 11, Bell street 

Dawson Errington, butcher, Tyne-street; 
ho. Howard-street 

Dawson James, tailor, Albion-street 

Dawson J. vict. Banibrough Castle, Preston 

Dawson John C. grocer, Dotwick-street; 
ho. Bedford-street 

Dawson Thos. builder, joiner, and cabinet 
maker, 1, Toll-square 

Day George, master mariner, Linskill-st 



Day Richard, grocer and chemist and drug- 
gist, 29, Union-street ; ho. Dockwray-sq 
Day Richard, keeper of the High Light- 
house, Dockwray-square 
Dearness Jane, hosier, &c. Tyne-street 
Dennis on Hannah, beerhouse, Charlotte-st 
Dennison Robert, dealer in groceries, 54, 

Stephenson-street 
Deplidge Williman & Frederick, Hunting- 
don place, Tynemouth 
Derigh Martin, vict. Hibernian Tavern^ 

Beil-street 
Derigh Michael, marine store dealer, 

Liddell-street 
Derry Robt. vict. Admiral Nelson, Liddell-st 
Detchton Oswald, grocer, 3, Union-street 
Dial Jonas, steamboat owner. South-street 
Dick James T. baker. New-row 
Dickinson Matthew, watch and clockmaker, 

Clive-street ; ho. Church-way 
Dickman Mr. David, Norfolk-street 
Ditchburn Gawin, bookbinder, Camden-ln 
Dixon Benj. smith & farrier, Knott's-lane, 

ho. Stephenson street 
Dixon Christopher, master mariner, 73, 

Norfolk-street 
Dixon Mr. John, 6, Sidney-street 
Dixon John, pawnbroker, Dotwick-st ; ho. 

Mount Pleasant 
Dixon Joseph, grocer,''The Allotment 
Dixon Jane, straw-bonnet maker. Upper 

Pearson-street 
Dixon Joseph, master mariner, Bedford-st 
Dixon Richard, ship and engine smith, and 

publican, Dotwick-street 
Di'Xon R. dealer in sundries. Low Lights 
Dixon R. marine store dealer. Low Lights 
Dixon Mr. Robert C. Norfolk-street 
Dixon Wm. slate merchant, George-street 
Dixon Wm. publican and master mariner, 

3, Tyne-street 
Dixon Wm. master mariner. Church-way 
Dobinson G. L. & Co. ship and insurance 
brokers, and Portuguese Vice Consuls, 
Tyne-street 
Dobinson G. L. ship and insurance broker, 
&c. (G. L. Dobinson & Co.); ho. King-st 
Dobinson Thos. S. shipowner. King-street 
Dobson Geo. vict. Neiocastle Arms, Clive-st 
Dobson John, brick and tile manufacturer, 

Percy Banks, Tile W^orks 
Dobson J. vict. Cannon Inn, Chirton Hill 
Dodd Jas. Philips, L.L.D. Grove Academy ; 

ho, Northumberland-square 
Dodds P. A. manager of the National Pro- 
vincial Bank of England, and lusuranco 
agent, Howard-street 



484 



CASTLE WAED— EAST DlYISIO>v\ 



Dodds Adam, vict. Old Post Office, Tyne-st 
Dodds Kalpli, master mariner, Waterville- 

terrace 
Donaldson Thomas, master mariner, 57, 

Camden -street 
Donkin James, shipowner, 28, King-street 
Doran John, rict. White Hart Inn, Bed- 
ford-street 
Douhleday Jane, beerhouse, and dealer in 

sundries, Linskill-street 
Douglass and Son, pawnbrokers, and boot 

and shoemakers, Bull-ring 
Douglass Jas. pawnbrokers, &c. (Douglass 

and Son) ; ho. Bull-ring 
Douglass James, junr. pawnbroker, &c. 

(Douglass & Son) ; ho. Bull-ring 
Douglass Thomas, chemist and. druggist, 

08, Bedford-street 
Douthwaite Geo. boot and shoemaker, 2, 

Union-street 
Dowey Elizabeth, vict. Starling Inn, Mil- 
burn -pi ace 
Dowey Jas. boat builder and ship owner. 

Elders' Quay ; ho. Camdea-street 
Dowey Jas. boat builder. Limekiln Shore, 

and Low Liglits ; ho. Linskill-street 
Downes Chai'lotte, milliner and hosier, 14, 

Union-street 
Downes Edward, vict. Green Man, lAddeU-st 
Downie Jas. shipowner and ship chandler 

Duke-street; ho. 47, Percy-street 
Downie Robt. master mariner, 37, Churcli-st 
Downie Wm. shipowner, 3, Cecil-street 
Dowsland Dorothy, straw-bonnet maker, 

Camden-lane 
Doxford Matthew, whitesmith and bell 

hanger. Bell-street 
Driver Robt. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Driver Thos. master mariner, Stephenson-st 
Drummond Daniel, fruiterer. New Quay 
Drummond Ueoi'ge, fruiterer and dealer in 

game, New Quay; ho. New Cut 
Drury Edward ^V. milliner and laceman, 

19,"'Tyne-sti'eet 
Drury Mrs. Margaret, Stephenson-street 
Drury Miss Mary Ann, Eront-st Tynemouth 
Drury Mary Ann, vict. Sawyers' Arms, 

Liddell-street 
Dryden George, shipowner, Northumber- 
land-square 
Dryden John, shipowner. Camp-terrace 
Dryden Mrs. Mary, Northumberland-sq 
Duffy Patrick, wine and spirit merchant, 

Nile-street 
Duncan Wm. biscuit baker. Beacon-street 
Dunn Charles, shipowner and master 

mariner, 19, Percy-street 



Dunn Mr. Anthony, King-street 
Dunn Harriet, milliner, 92, Bedford-street 
Dunn John, master mariner, Linskill-street 
Dunn Joseph it Sons, butchers & farmers, 

Clive-st, Tynemouth ; ho. Monkseaton 
Dunn Joshua, mstr.mariner, 30, Camden st 
Dunn Lewis, blacksmith and vict. Travel- 
lers Rest, Murton 
Dunn Robert master mariner, Linskill-st 
Dunn Rob, mstr. mariner, 105, Howard-st 
Dunn WilMam, grocer and spirit merchant, 

Howard-street 
Dunn Wm. master mariner, Linskill-street 
Dunn Wm. grocer, 48, Church-street 

EASSON John, dealer in sundries. Wooden 

Bridge ; ho. 60, Bell-street 
Eden Mrs. Jane, 10, Spring-terrace 
E ding ton James S. grocer and druggist, 

Charlotte-street 
Edwards Dorothy, dressmaker, Stephen- 
son-street 
Elgie Ann, wine and spirit merchant, Col- 
lin gwood- street 
Elliott Mrs. Ann, 2, Spring-terraee 
Elliot Francis, master mariner, Lower 

Pearson-street 
Elliot John, master mariner, Nile-street 
Elliot Mrs. Maria, 43, Stephenson-street 
Elliot Robert, shipowner, 64, Church-street 
Elliot Robert W. chemist, druggist, and 
grocer, 20, Bull-ring ; ho. 73, Camden-st 
ElHot Thomas, shipowner, Camden-street 
Elliott Ahce, straw-bonnet maker and mil- 
liner, Dotwick-street 
Elliott John, vict. StaithHouse, E. Howden 
Elliott Jane, vict. Prince o/TFa/es, Union -st 
Elliott Wm. shipowner, 11, Toll-square 
Elliott Wm. jun. sail maker & shipowner. 
Custom House Quay; ho. 26, Sidney-st 
Elliott Wm. tallow chandler, Collingwood-st 
Ellis Alexander, master mariner, Church- 
way 
Ellis Joseph 6c Co. ship smiths, and chain 

and anchor manufacturers. Bell-street 
Ellis Jos. ship smith, &c. (J. Ellis & Co.) ; 

ho. 39, Norfolk- street 
Ellis Richard, ironmonger, 26, Duke-st ; 

ho. King-street 
Elhson John, fruiterer, New Quay; ho. 16, 

Nile-street 
Ellison Thomas, master mariner, 42, 

Howard- street 
Elstob Ralph, vict. Shipwrights' Arms, 

Percy-street, Tynemouth 
Elsdon James cooper, Bedford-street ; ho. 
Norfolk-sti'eet 



BOROUGH OF TYNEMOUTH DIRECTORY. 



4S5 



ElsJoii Eobert, master mariner, Upper 

Pearson-street 
EmbletouThos.grocer,Perc3'-st.Tynemouth 
Embleton Wm. cabinet maker and joiner, 

Knotts-lane, Tyne-street 
Emery Jane, vict. Globe Inn, Bell-street 
Emmerson Wm. sm-geon, Howard-street 
Engelbert Tbeodore, botanist, Duke-street 
England John, relieving officer for North 

Shields District; office, New Quay ; ho. 

49, Tyne-street 
English G-.H.mstr. mariner, Stephenson-st 
English Henry, ship surveyor & insurance 

agent, 5, Sidney street 
English William, saddler&harness maker, 

Little Bedford street 
En-ington Miss Isabella, artist,'21,Norfolk-st 
Errington Isabella, vict. Masons' Arms, 

Stepheuson-street 
Eskdale James, fishmonger, Linskill -street 
Eskdale Joaathan, hahdresser and toyman, 

and post office receiving house, Russell-st 
Eskdale Tlios. dlr. in sundries, Charlotte-st 
Etherington Jas.mastermariner, Church-st 
Ewart Kichard, grocer, 31, Tyne-street; ho. 

Northumberland-squai'B 

FAIE Koger, master mariner, Nile-street 
Eairweather Isabella, dealer in groceries, 

26, West Percy-street 
Farrow, John, master mariner, Norfolk-st 
Faulkner Edwd. master mariner, Chiu'ch-st 
Fawcett Joseph, shipowner, 8, Spring-ter 
Fawcus Geo. ship builder and shipowner 

(Momson and Fawcus) ; ho. Spring-ter 
Fawcus John, shipowner and merchant 

(Pow and Fawcus) ; ho. Dockwray-sq 
Fawcus Mrs. Margaret, Etal Yilla 
Fawcus Eobert F. ship chandler, Bell-st ; 

ho. 7, Walker-place 
Fawcus & Davison, prov. merchants, Bell-st 
Fell Barbara, milliner, 62, Camden-street 
Fell Francis, ship block manufacturer and 

timber merchant (Hall and Fell) ; ho. 

LinskiU-street 
Fell Henry, master mariner, Nile-st 
Fenwick and Mayson, solicitors, Norfolk-st 
Fenwick Elizabeth, dealer in groceries, 

Dotwick-street 
Fenwick Henry William, solicitor, Dawson- 

square, Tynemouth 
Fenwick John W. solicitor, notary public 

and vice-consul for the two Sicilies, 

Tyne-street ; ho. Spring-terrace 
Fenwick Mrs. Jane, Saville-street 
Fenwick John, farmer, Preston 
Fenwick John, sohcitor (Fenwick and May- 
son ) ; ho. Preston Yilla 

o n 9. 



Fenwick Mr. Richard, n4, Dockwray-sq 
Fenwick famuel, M.D. and surgeon, 7, 

Dockwray-square 
Fenwick Mr. Thos, South Preston Lodge 
Fenwick Thomas, borough surveyor and 

insurance agent, Norfolk-street ; ho. 

E[oward-street 
Fenwick Thomas, smith. Low Lights ; ho. 

Sidney street 
Fenwick Wm. & Son, grocers. Bell-street 
Ferguson Thomas, butcher. Church-way 
Fergusson Ellen, vict. Rose of Allandale, 

Tynemouth 
FiddianEev. Benjamin, Howard-street 
Fiddler Eobson, butcher, Bedford-street 
Ferney Jas. master mariner, 49, Sidney-st 
Fish Jolin, butcher, Charlotte-street 
Fittis James & Co. ship chandlers & biscuit 

bakers, 1, Clive-street 
Fittis James, ship chandler and biscuit 

baker (Fittis & Co.) ; ho. Preston 
Fitzmaurice Francis T. butcher, Bedford-st 
Fletcher Mrs. Ann, 13, Spring-terrace 
Flett Thomas, master mariner, Howard-st 
Fiinn Edward, steam-boat proprietor, 16, 

Percy- street 
Foot Charles, builder, joiner, & cartwright, 

Preston 
Ford Eobert, smith, Limekiln Shore ; ho. 

Mount Pleasant 
Flinn Edward, beer retailer, 24, W. Percy-st 
Forrest George, cabinet maker and joiner 

(Nicholson and Forest) ; ho. Hudson- st 
Forrest Mrs. Jane, 52, Percy-street 
Forrest John S. cabinet maker and joiner, 

Eopery Bank ; ho. 45, Linskill-street 
Forrest Thos. hosier and outfitter, Clive- 
street ; ho. Dale's-terrace 
Forster John, boot and shoemaker, Percy- 
street, Tynemouth 
Forster Mr. John, Front street, Tynemouth 
Fortune Wm. master mariner, George-st 
Foster Elizabeth, dyer, Bedford-street 
Foster Geo. grocer & tea dealer, Stephen- 

son-street 
Foster Joseph, tailor & draper, 50, Perey-st 
Foster Eobt. manager of the Union Bank, 

and insurance agent, 10, Howard-street 
Foster WiUiam H. steam boat proprietor, 

South-street 
Fothergill Geo. draper, tailor, &c. 9, Tyne-st 
Forthergill Thomas, boot and shoemaker, 

Beacon-streei 
Eraser Kev. H., M.A. 80, Bedford-street 
Frater Geo. chemist & grocei', 37, Tyne-st 
Freeman James, vict. Dock Home, Dot- 
wick-street 
Fj-azer Wm. master mariner, Linskill-st 



486 



CASTLE WARD— EAST DIVISION. 



Frazier Jolin, vict. Shakespeare Tavern, 
Hov/ard-street 

I'renchMr. Jos. Hutchinson's Bldgs.ToUsq 

Frencli George, leather merchant, Union- 
street; ho. Hutchinson's Buildings 

French Jos. jun. ship-broker, New Quay; 
ho. Hutchinson's Buildings 

Freshwater Henry, inspector of the Eiver 
Police, Norfolk-street 

Frond Thos. TV. ship and insurance agent, 
8, Percy-terrace 

Frost Mr. Joseph, 100, Howard-street 

Frost John, master mariner, & shipowner, 
68, Norfolk-street 

Frost John, tailor, hosier, milliner, and 
outfitter, 5, Tyne-st. and. 55, Clive-street 

Fry Miss Lydia, Linskill-street 

Fryar Mark, salt and whiting manufac- 
turer, Whitehill Point, and coal merchant 
Percy Main ; ho. Whitehill Point 

Fryer Mr. Wm. 7, Newcastle-street 

Fulthorp John, master mariner, Camden-st 

GALLILEE Robt A. master mariner,Nile-st 
Gallon Georgiana,wine and spirit merchant 

Clive-street 
Gallon Peter, vict. Dock Inn, Bull-ring, 
and smith and farrier, CoUingwood-street 
Garrard John M. tailor, 58, Bedford-st. 
Garrick Eobt. master mariner, Norfolk-st 
Gascoigne Pachd. master mariner, Nile-st 
Geddes Geo. plumber, brazier, & gasfitter, 

Middle-street ; ho. Percy-st Tynemouth 
Gething Sml. teacher, 16, Dockwraj^-square 
Geldart Mr. Wm. 8, West Percy-street 
Gibson Chas. vict. Highlander InnjUuion-rd 
Gibson Henry, pawnbroker, 54 and 56, 

Bedford- street 
Gibson James, butcher, 43, Tyne-street, 

and 63, Clive-street 
Gibson Jas. mstr. mariner, 29, Stephenson-st 
Gibson Mrs. Jane, 4, Cecil-street 
Gibson Joseph, shipowner, Brock House, 

Albion-street 
Gibson Josiah, master mariner, North- 
umberland-street 
Gibson Thos. sailmaker and shipowner, 

Shepherd's Quay; ho. 79, Bedford-street 
Gibson Joseph, master mariner, Linskill-st 
Gibson Thos. jun. shipowner, Eussell-st 
Gibson Thomas W. master mariner, 43, 

Howard-street 
Gibson Thos. grocer, chemist and druggist. 

New Quay ; ho. Sidney-street 
Gibson Wilham, steam-boat proprietor, 

Camden-street 
Gibson Wm. master mariner,Wellington-st i 
Gibson William, master mariner, Sidney-st I 



Gill Mark, vict. Croion and Anchor, Clive-st 
Gillow Eev. Thomas (Catholic) St. Cuth- 

bert's-terrace 
Glaholm William, butcher, Bull-ring 
Gledston Jos. vict. Meters' Arms Queen-st 
Glover John, brewer & pubhcan, Clive-st 
Goldberg Samuel, letter carrier, Beacon-st 
Gohghtly Eobt. vict. Duke of Wellington^ 

East Howden 
Goodfellow Mary, vict. Shepherdess Inn, 

Anchor Quay 
Gossage William Herbert, SmeltingWorks, 

¥/illington Quay 
Graham Ehzbeth, clothier and outfitter, 

Liddell-street 
Graham Geo. marine-store dlr. Camden-ln 
Graham John, smith, Eopery-bank 
Graham John cabinet maker, and furniture 
broker, and commission -agent, 80, Cam- 
den-street 
Graham Joseph,grocer, Bell-street; ho. 72- 

Linskill-street 
Graham Wm. vict. Black Bull, Liddell-st 
Graham William, master mariner, Stephen- 
son-street 
Graham Wm. P. mstr. mariner, 29,Sidn(sy-st 
Grant Jas. earthenware manufactr. tit-row 
Grant John, boat builder, (Thoburn and 

Grant); ho. Chirton «b 

Gray George, master mariner, Church-st 
Gray James, shipowner, Camden-street 
Gray Jos. N. master mariner, Eopery-bank 
Gray Eobert C. agent, Edwith, Fellgate 
Gray Marshall, block and mastmaker, 

Bell-street : ho. Sidney-street 
Green Dorothy, shipowner, Linskill-street 
Green John, master mariner, Howard-st 
Green Jos. draper. Union-street ; ho. 49, 

West Percy-street 
Green Thomas, shipowner, Linskill-street 
Green Wm. master mariner, 6, George-st 
Green Wm. shipchandler, and sailmaker, 

Bell-street 
Greenhow Conrad H. ship and insurance 

broker, Tyne-st ; ho. 28, Dockwray-sq 
GreenwellY/m. professor of music,Dale's-ter 
Greenwell Wm. cabinet maker, Linskill-st 

ho. 26, Nile-street 
Gregson Mr. Alexander, 1, Nelson-street 
Grey Henry, master mariner, Norfolk-st 
Grey Joseph,vict. Spring Gardens,Albion-st 
Grey Wm. shipowner, 80, Sidney-street 
Grieves Archibald, dyer, Stephenson-street 
GrievesWm. mstr. mariner,LittleBedford-st 
Grigs Thomas, master mariner, 5, Upper 

Norfolk-street 
Groat Thos. vict. Swedish Arms, Bell-street 
Gustard Wm. boot and shoe maker, Duke-st 



BOEOUGH OF TYXEMOUTII DIEECTOEY. 



487 



Guildford Geo. sailmaker, and shipowner, 
Custom House Quay ; ho. Newcastle-st 

Guymer Wm. Birmingham and Sheffield 
Wai-ehouse, 20, Chve-street 

HAD AW AY Dixon, insurance agent, Bed- 
ford-street 
Hadaway Edward, baker and flour dealer, 

6, Lin skill-street 
Hadaway Isabella, grocer, 13, Camden-st 
Hadaway Thos. D. butcher, 47,Tyne-street, 

and Milburu -place 
Haddon Geo. vict. Post Boy, Stephenson-st 
Haggerston John, butcher, Church-way ; 

ho. Nile-street 
Haggerston John K. butcher, Norfolk-st ; 

ho. Nile-street 
Haggle Eobt. H. & Co. patent rope manfrs. 

Lishman's Quay, and YvilUngton Kopery 
Haggle Robt. H. rope manufacturer (R.H. 

Haggle & Co.) ; ho. WilHngton Yilla 
Haigh Mrs. Ehzab. Front-st. Tynemouth 
Halcrow John, master mariner, Church-st 
Hall & Fell, Steam Saw Mill, shipblock 

manufacturers, and timber merchants, 

Hudson-street 
Hall Anthony, master mariner, Linskill-st 
Hall Geo. vict. and shipowner, Gi'anby 

Hotel, Cliurch-street 
Hall Geo. boot & shoe maker, 22, Union-st 
Hall George, shipblock manufacturer, and 

timber merchant (Hail & Fell); ho. 

00, Stephenson-street 
Hall Geo. grocer and tea dealer. Bull-ring; 

ho. 2, Newcastle-street 
Hall James, gTocer, Chirton 
Hall Jas. master mariner, Eailway-street 
Hall Mrs. Jane, teacher, Albion-street 
Hall Joh.n,\\ct.Highlanders'Arms,Liddel\-st 
Hall John, grocer, flour and general dealer, 

Liddell-street 
Hall John, master mariner, Linskill -street 
Hall John, bookseller and stationer, Tract 

and Bible Society's depot, 8, Camden-st; 

ho. 88, Camden-street 
Hall John, dealer in groceries,Stephenson- st 
Hall John & Joseph, tripe preparers,Clive-st 
Hall John, boot and shoemaker, Camden-st 
Hall Mr. John,' Bird-street 
Hall John, tripe preparer (J. & J. Hall) ; 

ho. 14, Nelson-street 
Hall Joseph, grocer, Front-st. Tynemouth 
Hall Joseph, farmer and assistant overseer, 

Billy Mill 
Hall Joseph, tripe preparer (J. & J. Hall) ; 

ho. Little Bedford-street 
Hall Matthew, shipoAvner, Northumber- 
land-house, Stephenson-street 



Hall Joseph, farmer and overseer, for 

Chirton, Billy Mill 
Hall Sarah, dlr. in sundries, Collingwood-st 
Hall Thos. master mariner, 16, Nelson-st 
Hall Mr. Wm. Moor-house, near Billy Mill 
Hammond Wm. vict. Sussex Arms, Duke-st 
Handcock Edmund, master mariner, 12, 

George-street 
Hansell Richard, shipowner, Lovaine-ter 
Hansell Eobt. & Sons, rope manufacturers, 

Chirton Ropery 
Harbutt Thos. wine and spirit merchant 
and commission agent, and brewer, 03, 
Bejlford-street 
Harbutt Thos. J. vict. Clock Vaults, Toll-sq 
Harbutt T. J. ironmonger, Bedford-street 
Harcuss John, block and mast maker, 
Custom-house Quay ; ho. Stephenson-st 
Harcuss John, mstr. mariner, Stephenson-st 
Harper Benjamin, grocer. Bell-street 
Harper George, confectioner. Duke-street 
Harper Jas. master manner, Yfellington-st 
Harper Nicholas, master mariner, Norfolk-st 
Harris Mary Ann, vict. Groion and Cushion, 

Liddell-street 
Harrison Henry, chemist, druggist, and 
grocer, 39, Duke-st; ho. 77, Church-way 
Harrison Henry, grocer. Church-way 
Harrison John, master mariner, Hudson-st 
Harrison Mr. John, South Preston 
Harrison Junius, iron and brass founder, 

Dotwick-street ; ho. Vf aterville-terrace 
Harrison Robt. printer, chart and book- 
seller, stationer, and insurance agent, 
44, Tyne-s'creet, and 1, Dockvi^ray-square 
Harrison Thos. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Harrison Thomas, master mariner, 1, 

Smith's-place, Toll-square 
HarrisonThos. master mariner, 30,Ste]ilien- 

son -street 
HarrisonWm. steamboat owner, Coble-dean 
Hart Jane, milliner, (52, Linskill-street 
Hart Wm. surgeon, 48, Camden-street 
Haswell Thomas, teacher, Albion-street 
Hay Edward baker, 16, Clive-street 
Hay Richard, butcher and shipowner 48, 

Liddell-street 
Hays John, bookseller, 54, Front-sti-eet, 

Tynemouth 
Heal Jolm, furniture broker, Church-way 
Heans Wm. master mariner, 26, Welliqg- 

ton-street 
Hearn IMr. John, Northumberland-square 
Heaton Thos. blacksmith, Liddell-street ; 

ho. Bedford- street 
Hedley Dorothy, teacher, Linskill-street 
Hedley James T. grocer, Middle-street 
Hedley John, painter ct glazier, 24,Tyne-st 



488 



CASTLE WARD — EAST DIVISION. 



Hedley John, draper & outfitter, Howard-st I 

and Union-street; ho. Camden-street 
Hedley Jos. vict. North Star, Bell-street 
Hedley Joseph, tailor, Stephenson-street 
Hedley Robert, tailor, 2], Camden-lane 
Henderson John J. clothier, and tailor, 

Clive-street 
Henderson Jos. master mariner, Stephen- 
son-street 
Henderson Eev. Michael, Howard street 
Henderson Ralph, master mariner, 24, 

Spring-terrace 
Henderson Robt. printer, bookseller, and 

stationer, 4, Church-way 
Plenderson Wm. vict. Pine Apple, George-st 
Hepple Mr. Lionel, Nortlmmberland-square 
Hepple and Landells, engineers, Mount 

Pleasant 
Hepple Lionell, sergeant of police, Nor- 
folk-street 
HeppleThos. engineer (Hepple&Landells); 

ho. Milburn-place 
Herdman Edw. agent and furniture broker, 

Linskill-street 
Herdman Thomas, farmer and steward, 

Chirton Hill Farm 
Heron Thos. currier and leather merchant, 

15, Saville -street 
Heslop Geo. master mariner, Howard-st 
Heslop Geo. tailor, Camden-street 
Hewison Ann, dlr. in sund. Stephenson-st 
Hewison Ralph, butcher, Upper Pearson-st 
Hewison Thomas, cooper, Dotwick-street ; 

ho. South-street 
Hewitt Wm. basket maker, Bedford-street 
Hewson Shallett, shipowner, Howard st ; 

ho. Camp-terrace 
Hill Dennis & Sons, drapers & outfitters, 

8, Howard-street & 26, Union-street 
Hill Robert S. Kalographic Portrait Gallery, 

45, Tyne-street 
Hill Dennis, draper, &c. (D. Hill & Sons); 

ho. 24, Howard-street 
Hindmarsh Ann, butcher, Duke-street 
Hindmarsh, John, butcher, Middle-street, 

' Tynemouth ; ho. Chirton 
Hindmarsh, Jno. vict. Hopewell Pif, Chirton 
Hindshaw James, pipe manfr. Bell-street 
Hislop Geo. bootmaker, 7, Bedford-street 
Hobbs Geo. vict. Nag's Head, Bell-street 
Hogarth Jno. boot & shoemaker, Liddell-st 
Hogarth Wm. tailor, 65, Church-street 
Hodgson John, linen & woollen draper & 

silk mercer, 29, Market-pl. South Shields 
Hogg Edward, shipowner & master mariner, 

Linskill-street 
Hogg Edward, beerhouse, Percy-street 
~ ;ardener, Preston-lane 



Hogg IMary Ann, vict. Cuiiiberland House, 

Liddell-street 
Hogg Robt. master mariner, 3, George-st 
Plolland Benjamin, master mariner, Little 

Bedford-street 
Holland Wm. dlr. in sunds. Rail way -terrace 
Holliday Saml. commission agt. Linskill-st 
Holmes Geo. senr. hairdresser, 7, Clive-st 
Home Miss Isabella, seminary, 29, Dock- 

wray-square 
Honeyraan John, draper, Tyne-street 
Hope Surtees, agt. & farmer, Burden Main ; 
Hope Mrs. Jane & Sons, colliery owners, 

Hopewell Colliery, Chirton 
Hope Mrs. Jane, colliery owner (Jane Hope 

& Son); ho. Burden Main 
Hope William, colliery owner (Jane Hope 

& Son); ho. Burdon Main 
Hope George, shipbuilder and surveyor, 

Linskill-street 
Hopper William, vict. Tynemouth Lodge, 

Tynemouth-road 
Hornsby Isabella, vict. Turk's Head, Front- 
street, Tynemouth 
Hornsby George, builder, contractor, build- 
ing surveyor, appraiser, and commission 
agent, 74, Upper Stephenson-street 
Hornsby Thomas JST. builder and joiner, 

Charlotte-street, ho. Linskill-street 
Howett Titus, vict. Salutation Inn, Front- 
street, Tynemouth 
Horsley Mr. John, 32, Sidney-street 
Horton Thomas, tin & ironplate worker & 

brazier, Dotwick street ; bo. Chirton 
Hoult James, diver, Linskill-street 
Howey Jno. publican, carver &turner,Tyne-st 
Hudson Mrs. Mary, 40, Percy-street 
Hudson Jno. boot& shoemaker. Low Lights 
Hudson Thomas, surgeon dentist (Hudson 

& Co.); ho. South Preston Cottage 
Hudson James, auctioneer & appraiser, 13, 

Newcastle-terrace, Tynemouth 
Hudson & Co. surgn. dentists, 4, Camden-st 
Hudspeth Richard, master mariner. Upper 

Pearson-street 
Huggup Isab. straw-bonnet mkr. George-st 
Huggup Mr. William, 11, Huntingdon- 
place, Tynemouth 
Hughes Thomas, Esq. Hylton Lodge 
Hull Luke, master mariner. Nelson-street 
Humble Jno. btchr. & shipowner, 6, Clive-st 
Humble Pearson, grocer, Union-street 
Hume John, postmaster & insur. agent, 15, 

Camden-st. & pawnbroker, Camden-ln 
Humphrey Geo. master mariner, Norfolk- st 
Humphrey John, master mariner, 10, Upper 

Norfolk-street 
Hnmp}u-eyMary,milliner,25,Wellington-st 



BOEOUGH OF TYNEMOUTH DIRECTORY. 



489 



Hunter Chris toplier, insurance agent, 8, 

Tyne- street ; ho. Albion Cottage 
Hunter Eleanor, Phxnix Tavern, Bedford-st 
Hunter George Wilham, Crown d' Sceptre 

Tavern, Stephenson-street 
Hunter Geo. steamboat proptr. Eopery-hk 
Hunter John, painter, glazier, and paper 

hanger, Tyne-street 
Hunter John, master mariner, Linskill-st 
Hunter Eobert, huilder, Wellington-street ; 

ho. Preston 
Hunter Rohert, whitesmith, Ropery-hank ; 

ho. Linsliill-street 
Hunter Thos. dealer in sundries, South-st 
Hunter Thomas, chemist, druggist, and 

grocer. Duke-street 
Hunter Wm. pawnbroker, 39, Church-st 
Hunter Taylor S. huilder, contractor, grocer, 

& commission agent, Cullercoats 
Huntley Geo. H. surgeon. East Howden 
Huntley James, master mariner, Front-st. 

Tynemouth 
Hurrell Saml. master mariner, Norfolk-st 
Hurrell Wm. master mariner, Norfolk-st 
Hurst Edward, watchmakei', Szc. Union- 
street; ho. Preston-lane 
Plutchinson John, vict. & coach proprietor, 

Percy Arms, Front-street, Tynemouth 
Hutchinson Miss Mary, Toll-square 
Hutchinson Thos. marine store dealer, & 

ship carpenter, Bell-street ; ho. ToU-sq 

ILDEPtTON Elizabeth, dealer in sundries, 

Clive-street 
Iley Ealph, iron cttinplate worker &hrazier, 

& compass maker, Clive-street 
Ingledew &D"iggett, solicitors, Tyne-street 
Ingledew Henry, clerk to the County Court, 

Tyne-street 
Innes George, house agent, Howard-street 
Inness Charles, cabinet maker and joiner, 

Cam den -lane 
Irvin Mr. Thomas, Albion -street 
Irvin William, shipowner, Nile-street 
Irwin Archibald, vict. Saddle Inn, 7, Nor- 
folk-street 
Isbiste WiUiam, grocer. Bell-street 

JACK Rev. Archibald, Lovaine-terrace 
Jack Wra. master mariner, 37, Nile- street 
Jackson Aaron, master mariner, Church-st 
Jackson Abraham, clothier & outfitter, 

Lidd ell-street 
Jackson Alexander, mason, Norfolk-street 
Jackson Geo. master mariner, Church-st 
Jackson Hy. clothier & outfitter, Liddell st 
Jackson Jas. vict. Centurian, Collingwood-S|. 
Jackson John, master mariner. Lnskill-st 



Jackson Robert D. boot & shoemaker, Ss 

publican, Albion-street 
Jackson Thomas, auctioneer, stock & share 
broker, commission & insurance agt. 66, 
Camden-st. & 2, Dean-st. South Shields 
Jameson Andrew,master mariner,Church-st 
Jameson Henry A. draper & hosier. East- 
street, Milburn-place 
Jamieson Jas. gardener, Milton-ln. Chirton 
Jamson James, xjrofessor of music, 24, 

Saville-street 
Jefferson Mr. James, 63, Norfolk-street 
Jenkins Charles M.ship & insurance broker, 

Howard-street ; ho. Preston 
Jennings Jas. P. refreshment rooms, Clive-st 
Jewitt Abraham, shipowner, Linskill-st 
Jobling Thomas, shipowner and master 

mariner, 28, Sidney-street 
John Sarah, grocer, Lin skill-street 
John Sarah, shipowner, 8, Walker-place 
Johnson Francis, carver & gilder. Union- 
lane ; ho. Camden-street 
Johnson Geo. shipowner, 23, Dockwray-sq 
Johnson Henry, cabinet maker & joiner, 

41, Stephenson-street 
Johnson Henry, teacher, 29, Reed-street 
Johnson Jas. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Johnson Jno. carver & gilder, 23, Camden-st 
Johnson John, governor of Tynemouth 

Union Workhouse 
Johnson Jno. mastr mariner, 52, Norfolk-st 
Johnson Thomas, vict. Crown, Clive-street 
Johnson Thomas, tailor, Norfolk-street 
Johnson Wm. block & mast maker. Bell- 
street ; ho. 44, Bedford-street 
Johnstone Alice, dressmaker, George-street 
Jones Matthew, grocer. Bull-ring 
Jordan Robert, master mariner, 3, Toll-sq 
Jules Thos. master mariner, Ropery-bank 

KAMINS Key Charles E. ship broker, 

Walker-place and at Newcastle 
Kay Thomas, vict. Industry, Coble-dean 
Kay Dixon, tailor, Duke-street 
Kay Ptobert S. butcher, Church-way 
Keeble William, furniture broker, Upper 

Pearson-street 
Keeling Rev. Francis, Howard-street 
Kelly Richard, printer, stationer, ifcc. (South. 

Shields); ho. 17, Sidney-street 
Kelday William, hair dresser, Tyne-street 
Kelso Mrs. Elizabetli, 8, Spring-terrace 
Kelso John Robt. ship owner Sc sail maker, 

Maitland-lane ; ho. Camp-terrace 
Kenlish Thos vict. Custom House Tai'ern, 

Bell-street 
Kennedy Isabella, dlr.in groceries, North-st 
Kennedy Mr. Alexander, 0, Ncwoastle-st 



AW 



CASTLE VTAED EAST BIMSIOK. 



Ken- Stair, draper, Albioii-street 

Kewnej' George, solicitor(Lietch&Kewney); 

ho. Northumberland-square 
Keys Samuel, tide surveyor, 16, Toll-sq 
Kidd Kohert, junior, solicitor & agent to 

the GloheFire & Life Insurance Company, 

6, Linskill-street ; ho. Westoe Durham 
Kilgour E. S. collector of Her Majesty's 

customs, Custom HousOj New Quay ; ho. 

Tynemouth 
King James, dealer in groceries, Preston 
King James, engraver & Hthograper and 

bookbinder, 9, Cam den-street 
King William, teacher, Queen-street 
Kingston Jane, vict, & marine store dealer, 

Garrick's Head, Saville-street 
Kii'by Eichard, master mariner, Linskill-st 
Klingell Comelius,clock m.aker,ll,Sidney-st 
Knott John, rope &: twine manufacturer 

(J. Knott & Sons); ho. Tyne-street 
Knott John & Sons, rope & twine manu- 
facturers, Tyne-street 
Knott Matthew, master mariner, 8, Toll-sq 
Knott Thomas, rope Sz tvrnie manufacturer 

(J. Knott & Sons); ho. 72, Noriolk-st 
Knott Isaac, ropemaker and ship chandler, 

East Howden 
Knott WiUi am, butcher, Church -way; ho. 

22, West Percy street 
Knos David, sm-geon, The Allotment 
Knox Ann, vict. Bay Horse, Clive- street 

LACY Edward E. shipowner, Nile-street 
Laidler Elizabeth, vict. Union, Percy-st. 

Tynemouth 
Laidman Jane, milliner, Camden-street 
Laing Mrs. Ann, Walker-place 
Laing Brothers, shipowners & shipbuilders, 

North Shields Dock 
Laing Charles, shipowner & ship builder 

(Laing Brothers); ho. Walker-place 
Laing Mr. Joseph, Walker-place ' 

Laing Eobert, shipowner & ship builder 

(Laing Brothers); ho. Eosella-place 
Lamb Frederick, v,'ine & spirit merchant, 

4, Bath-terrace, Tynemouth 
Lamb George H. agent, Percy-street 
Lamb Henry, spirit vaults, o3, Clive-st 
Lamb John, provision dealer, 8, Bedford-st 
Lambert Lancelot, tobacconist, Cljve-street; 

ho. Nile- street 
Lambert Ealph, cabinet maker and joiner 

(AYbite & Lambert); ho. George-street 
Lambert Wm. cabinet maker & joiner, Bol- 

ton's-yard; ho. 58, Stephenson-street 
Landells John, cabinet maker & joiner, 

Camden-street 
Lavender Archbld, tchr. Upper Pearson-st 



Landells Eichard, engineer (Hepple and 

Landells); ho. Nile-street 
Lawrenson Charles, cabinet maker and 
joiner, Charlotte-street; ho. Church-street 
Laws Cuthbert U. agt.to the Duke of North- 
umberland, solicitor & insurance agent, 
NewQuay ; ho. Manor House,Tynemouth 
Laws Anthony, steamboat propti'. South-st 
Lawson John E. steamboat owner South-st 
Lawson John, furnitm-e broker, Duke-sti'eet 
Lee Eobert, vict. Rose Inn, Mount-pleasant 
Legg Sarah, steamboat owner, West-street 
Leighton George, dealer in sunds. Percy-st 
Lenney Thos. boot & shoemaker, Camden- 
street; ho. Stephenson sti'eet 
Lesanto Mr. Philip, Linskill-sti-eet 
Leslie Adam PI. shipowner, Cecil-street 
Leslie Laurence, shipowner, Linskill-street 
Lessiie Alexander, painter and glazier, 

King-street 
Lesslie James, shipowner and merchant, 

Lovaine-terrace 
Lesshe Hannah, dealer in sunds. Clive-st 
Lesslie Thorn as, -sict. & butcher, Fore Hunter 

Inn, Preston 
Lesslie James, merchant and ship owner, 

Clive-street ; ho. Lovaine-teiTace 
Lesslie Tho. btchr. Bird-st. & atMonkseaton 
Li d deJl Fred.wine &spirit mrcht. 4, Uni on-st 
Liddell John G. naval academy, 13, Tyne- 
street ; ho. 12, Eussell-street 
Liddell John, ^'ict. &: steamboat proiirietor, 

Boh Boy, Clive-street 
Lietch & Kewney, solicitors and insurance 

agents, 31, Howai-d-street 

Lietch Thomas Carr, solicitor, <tc. (Lietch 

&, Kewney) and notary, town-clerk and 

clerk to the marine board, and to the 

board of health ; ho. Northumberland-sq. 

Lilburn James, farmer, Preston 

Lilburn Thos. painter and paper hanger, 

Bedford-street 
Lilley Thos. tailor & draper, 16, Linskill-st 
Lindsay William Shaw, Esq. M.P. for Tyne- 
mouth; ho. 17, Portland-iDlace, London 
Lindsey Thomas, master mariner, 75, 

Church-way 
Linskill WiUiam, Esq. deputy-heutenant for 

Northumberland, Tynemouth Lodge 
Lishman Mrs. Anuabella, 16, Spring-ter 
Lister Eev. Yv'illiam, Nile- street 
Little Jam.eSj accountant, 3, Cobourg-place 
Lodge George, grocer, shipowner, & master 

mariner, 42, Church-way 
Lodge Thos. master mariner, 67, Howard-st 
Logan John, tailor, 74, Norfolk street 
Londsdnle Jno. master mariner, Norfolk-st 
Longstafi* Bobertj confectioner, Albion-st " 



BOROUGH OF TYNEMOUTH DIRECTORY. 



.91 



LongstaSF William, canvass manufacturer, 

Camclen-street ; ho. Clrareh-\Yay 
Longstaif William, butcher, Bedford-street 
Lotinga Calmer, ship and insurance broker, 

14, Toll-square, and at Newcastle 
Lotinga N. S. ship and insurance broker, 

4, Walker-place, and at Newcastle 
Lotinga Saml. M. ship & insurance broker, 

6, Toll- square, and at Newcastle 
Lov/ Henry T. ship and engine smith, 

Dotwick-street 
Lowes George, smith, Preston 
Lowes Joseph, cartwright, Tj-nemouth-road 
Lowi-ey George Frederick, solicitor, notary 

public, and agent to the Atlas Fire & Life 

Assurance Company, 35, Tyne street; 

ho. Coach-lane 
Lowrey John D. ship broker, New Quay 
Lowthian Eichard, grocer, Little Bedfbrd-st 
Lucas Dinah, grocer, Clive street 
Luckley Thos. saddler and harness maker, 

CoUingwood-street ; ho. Sidney-street 
Lurasdon John, master mariner, Norfolk-st 
Lupton Mary, refreshment rooms. Rock 

Cottage, Tynemouth 
Lyall George, cabinet maker, joiner, and 

furniture broker, Tyne-street 
Lyall Hector, butcher, Charlotte-street 

MACKINTOSH John, vict. Duke of Wel- 
lington, Church-AYay 
Main Alex. vict. Old JBIacJc Lion, Clive-st 
Mainger Nicholas, painter and glazier, 

Clive-street 
Malcolm Peter, gardener, 18, Eussell-st 
Maltby Mr. George R. George-street 
Manldn Thos. vict. Lamh Inn, Dotwick-st 
Manners W^illiam, master mariner, Cam- 
den -lane 
Marley Bridget, teacher, 70, Church-street 
MarleyMargt. dealer in sundries, George-st 
Marley Mr. Pialph, George-street 
Marley Mr. William, George -street 
Marr Marniaduke, surgeon, Clive-street 
Marshall George, marine-store dealer, 

Charlotte-street 
Marshall James, master mariner,Camden-ln 
Marshall Mrs. Mary, Spring-terrace 
Martin Henry, dealer in sundries, Clive-st 
Martin Robt. master mariner, Nile-street 
Martin William C. baker, Duke-street 
Martin William S. baker, 35, Stephenson-st 
Martindale William, teacher, Church-st 
Massey Thomas S. carver and gilder, 

Linskill-street 
Mather Francis, dealer in groceries, Char- 
lotte-street 
Mather Ralph, dlr. in groceries, Bird-street 



Mathwin Fergus Forster, wine and spirit 

merchant, 03, Bell-street 
Mattaire Jules, ship broker. Bell-street ; ho. 

Toll-squai'e 
Matthews Thomas, plumber, brazier, and 
gas fitter, Liddell-slreet : ho. Cam,den-st 
Mattison Wilham, steam boat proprietor, 

Stephenson-street 
Mattison Geo. marine store dealer, Bell-st 
Mavor John, teacher, 61, Howard street 
Maxwell Jacob, vict. King William IV., 

Brunswick-place 
Mayson John W^alker, solicitor (Fenwick 
and Mayson), and registrar of births and 
deaths for North Shields district, Norfolk- 
street ; ho. Church-street 
McCallum and Co. ship chandlers, Black 

Cock Quay 
McCall Alexander, boot and shoemaker, 

Percy-street, Tynemouth 
McCallum, John, vict. and master mariner, 

Crotvn Inn, 19, Camden -street 
McCullagh Peter, draper, 61, Bedford-st 
McDonald Mrs. Elizabeth, shipowner, 22, 

Spring-terrace 
McDov/ell J. inlandrevenue officer, 5,Toll-sq 
McGregor Mar.7, vict. Star and Garter 

Front-street, Tj'nemouth 
McGregor Duncan, marine store dlr. Bell-st 
McGuire Jas. vict. Edinburgh Castle, Bell-st 
MciKay William, slater, Linskill-street 
McKellop Robert, block and mast maker 
and shipowner, tligh End of Limekiln 
Shore ; ho. 20, South-street, Milburn-pl 
McKenzieThos. master mariner, Camden-st 
McKenzie Thomas, teacher. Church-street 
McLearon Elizabeth, dealer in sundries, 

Bedford-street 
McLellan John, butcher and cooper, Bell-st 
McLeod Donald, surgeon dentist (Hudson 

and Co.); ho. 4, Camden-street 
McPhail John, hair dresser, 16, Saville-st 
McPherson Mary, straw-bonnet maker, 12, 

Toll-square 
Mease Solomon and Son, chemists and 
druggists, shipowners, merchants, and 
alkali manufacturers, Tyne-street 
Mease Robert D. chemist and druggist, &c. 
(S. Mease and Son); ho. Howard-street 
Mease Solomon, chemist and druggist, etc. 
(S. Mease and Son); ho. Howai'd-street 
Medcalf Richard, solicitor, Saville-street 
Meldenson Meyers, currier and leather cut- 
ter (Meldenson vfeWolfson); ho. Church-st 
Meldrum John, shipowner and master 

mariner, Northumberland-street 
Meldrum Wm. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Metcalf Mrs. Margaret, 16, Albion-street 



493 



CASTLE WAED— EAST DIVISION. 



Metcalfe Geo. shipowner, Mortbumbld-sq 
Metcalfe Thomas, commission agent, 25, 

Norfolk-street 
Metcalfe Thos. shipovvner, Northumbld-sq 
MichaelJacob,shipovv'ner,Hutchinson's-blds 
Michael John, shipowner, 27, Hutchinson's- 

buildings, Toll-sqnare 
Middleton John, tailor, North -street 
Middlewood Joseph, fishmonger, Bedford-st 
Milbm^n George and William, grocers and 

bakers, Liddell-street 
Milbm^n Geo. grocer and baker (G. & W. 

Milburn) ; ho. 8, East Percy-street 
Milburn Kobt. manager of the iSTorthumber- 
land and Durham District Bank, and 
insurance agent, 1, Camden-street 
Milburn Wm. engineer, and iron founder, 

Mount-pleasant ; ho. Milburn place 
Miller Chas. ironmonger, brazier, & cutler, 

58, Clive street ; ho. West Percj'-street 
Miller David, shipowner, 113, Bedford-st 
Miller James, gardener, Preston-lane 
Miller John, commanding officer of the 

Coast Guard, 9, Tyneinouth-place 
Miller John, master mariner, 30, Percy-st 
Miller John, confectioner, Clive-street 
Miller Ptobert, shipowner, and dealer in 

groceries, Sidney- street 
Miller William, grocer, 38, Bell-street 
Mills Mark, marine store dealer, Grey 

Horse Quay 
Minto Wm.vict. Newcastle Arms, Union-rd 
Mitchell Robert, superintendent of police, 

103, Howard-street 
Mitchell Walter, shipowner, 43, Percy-st 
Mitchenson Wm. viet. and joiner, Sunder- 
land Bridge Inn, Clive-street 
Moffoot Alexander & Son,tailors,Norfolk-st 
Mofibot Elizabeth, confectioner, Caraden-st 
Moftoot Eleanor, boot and shoe dealer, 

Tyne-street 
Monkman Thos. confectioner, 1-5, Church -st 
Moore Joseph, cabinet maker and furniture 

broker, Dockwray-square 
Moore Robert, provision dealer, &c. Lin- 
skill-street 
Moore Wm. vict. Turk's Head, Duke-street 
Moore Wm. shipowner, 3, Bedford-terrace 
Moralee John, shipwright, boat builder, 
and smith,LimekilnShore; ho. Coble-dean 
Moralee Wm. H. optician, &c. Union-street 
MordueWm. vict. Staith House, Low Lights 
Mordue Wm. furniture broker, Bedford-st 
Morris Charles, master mariner, Linskill-st 
Morris James, gardener, Reed-street 
Morris James, gardener, Preston 
Morrison & Fawcus, shipbuilders and ship- 
owners, Floating Dock, Limekiln Shore 



Morrison Geo. shipbuilder, and shipowner 

(Morrison & Fawcus) ; ho. Albion-road 
Morrison Robert ,butcher,Duke-street ; ho. 

Albion-road 
Morrison Margaret, confectioner, Tyne-st 
Morrison Thos. W. clothier and outfitter, 

Tyne-street 
Morrison William, shipbroker & insurance 

agent; ho. 17, Spring-terrace 
Morrison Wm. D. auctioneer, commission 

agent, sheriff's officer and bailiff of the 

County Court, Howard-street 
Morton Henry, dealer, in sundries, Tyne-st 
Morton Michael, block and mast maker, 

Liddell-street; ho. 2, Cecil-sti'eet 
Morton Robt.L. grocer&tea dealer, Tyne-st 
Morton Ralph, butcher, 51, Clive-street; 

ho. Norfolk-street 
Moss Benj. oilskin manfr. Bedford-street 
Mosley John, master mariner, 34, King-st 
Motley Thomas butcher, 42. Duke-street; 

ho. Little Bedford-street 
Mould Nicholas, builder, cabinet maker 

and joiner(N.&R.P. Mould ),& steamboat 

proprietor and publican ; ho. Bell-street, 
Mould N. &R. P. builders, cabinetmakers, 

and joiners. Bird-street 
Mould Robert P. builder, cabinet maker 

and joiner (N. & R. 1\ Mould) ; ho. 

Camden-terrace 
Mouat Ninian, builder, and contractor, 

(Brand & Mouat) ; ho. George-street 
Mouat John, upholsterer and paper hanger. 

East Stephenson-street 
Muckel Andrew, hairdresser, Saville-st 
Muir Andrew, mstr. mariner, Stephenson-st 
Mullin Thomasina, staymaker, Albion-st 
Mures Thomas, vict. Terrace Inn, East 

Stephenson-street 
Murray George, ironfounder, &c. (William 

Walker & Co.) ; house, White-hill Point 
Murray Mr, James, Northumbeiland-sq 
Murray Wm.dlr.in groceries, Collingwood-st 

NEAL Jane, dealer in sundries, Liddell-st 
Nesbitt Jno. tailor & outfitter, 6, Bedford-st 
Newbold Wm. master mariner, Nile-street 
Newbold Geo. Little Bedford street 
Newham Thos. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Newton Benj. master mariner, 9, Sidney-st 
Newton James, master mariner, Linskill-st 
Nichols Wm. prov. merchant. New Quay 
Nicholson Ephraim, 5'j;or^sma« I?i7Z,Preston 
Nicholson & Forest, cabinet makers and 

joiners, Norfolk-street 
Nicholson John, dealer in groceries. Mid- 
dle-street 
Nicholson John, vict. Duke of York,Kmg-st 



BOROUGH OF TYNEMOUTH DlKECTOr.Y. 



493 



Nicholson Jolin, master mariner, Welling- 
ton-street 
Nicholson John, cabinet maker & joiner 

(Nicholson & Forest) ; ho. Camden-ln 
Nicholson Jos. hoot & shoemaker, Wooden 

Bridge 
Nicholson Wm. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Nicholson Wm, cabinet maker, and joiner, 

Eoperj'-bank ; ho. Clive-street 
Nicholson Wra. master marinei', Nile-st 
Nightingale Chas. sm-geon dentist, East 

Percy-street 
Noble Isabella, dlr. in groceries, Preston 
Noble Wm. tailor, 05, Bedford-street 
Norris Mary, dlr. in sundries, Beacon st 
Nott Stephenson, boot and shoemaker, 
Lower Pearson-street 

O'CONNELL James, staymaker, Union-st 
Ogilvie & Son, manufactmnug chemist and 

salt maniifactm-ers, Low Lights; ho. 

Collin gwood street 
Ogihde & Hunter, Misses, seminary, 26, 

Dockwray-square 
Ogilvie Joseph, manufacturing chemist and 

salt manufacturer (Ogilvie & Son) ; ho. 

Toll-square 
Oliver Ann, dk. in sundries, Stephenson-st 
Oliver Edward, shipowner, King-street 
Oliver Edw. E. grocer and tea dealer, 50, 

Tyne-street 
Oliver John, cooper, Clive-street; ho. 

South Shields 
Oliver John, master mariner. Church-way 
Oliver William tailor, Beacon-street 
Orange Wm. printer, stationer & bookseller, 

4, Bedford-sti-eet 
Ord Mrs. Eleanor, midwife, Low Lights 
Ord Thos. shipowner and master mariner, 

Lin skill-street 
Ord Thos. dealer in groceries. Queen-street 
OrmstonEllen, teacher, 91, Church-way 
Ormston Eobr. mstr. mariner. Church -way 
Ormsby Richard. 0. surgeon, 46, Liddell 

street 
Ormsby Wm. painter and glaizer, Linskill- 

street; ho. Stephenson- street 
Ostens Joseph, vict.iV^eiyDoc/cI??.??,North-st 
Owen & Sons, curriers and leather cutters, 

19, Union-street 
Owen John, currier and leather cutter 

(Owen& Sons) ; ho. Northumberland-sq 
Owen John E. surgeon, Northumberland-sq 
Owen Stephen, currier and leather cutter 

(Owen & Son) ; ho. Church-way 
Oxley John, steamboat proprietor, Lin- 
skill-street 



Oxley John, marine store dealer. Custom 
House Quay ; ho. Spring-terrace 

PAEK Geo. vict. shipowner and master, 

mariner, Percy Arms, 38, Percy-street 
Park Whyrill, painter, glaizer, and paper 
hanger, Bedford-street ; ho. 3, Saville-st 
Parkinson Isaac, master mariner, Bed- 
ford-street 
Parsons Eober, dealer in sundries, Duke-st 
Paton James, dealer in groceries, 1, Bird-st 
Patterson Ann, fruiterer, Tyne street 
Patterson Geo. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Patterson Henry, vict. Prince of Wales, 

Liddell-street 
Patterson James, insurance agent, 25, 

Church Yv ay 
Patterson Jas. master mariner, Hov/ard-st 
Patterson Eobert, painter, glaizer, and 
paper hanger, 3, Howard-street ; ho. 15, 
Stephenson-street 
Patterson Wm. butcher, Linskill-street 
Patterson Wm. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Pattison Francis A. keeper of Low 

Light House 
Pattison John, boot and shoe warehouse, 

and hosier, Union-street 
Pattison John, master mariner. Toll-square 
Patton John T. tailor, Camden -street 
Paul George, master mariner, Percy street 
Paul James, tailor, 13, C^ueen-street 
Peacock John, cartwiight, Preston 
Peacock Joseph, shipowner, 64, Church-st 
Peak John, vict. Grey Horse Inn, Grey 

Horse Quay 
Peake John shipowner and master mariner 

Percy-street 
Pearson Benjamin, steam boat proprietor 

and tailor. West-street 
Peason Edward, steam boat proprietor 

South-street, Milburn-place 
Pearson Miss Elizabeth, Stephenson-street 
Peason John, dealer in groceries, Middle-st 
Pearson Thos. vict. and hatter^ Tiger Inn, 

Bedford-street 
Pearson Wm. H. \kt Ship Inn, 2.k, Mid- 
dle-street 
PeartEobt.ship surveyor,commission agent, 
receiver of DroitsofAdmirahty, Howard- 
street; ho. East Percy- street 
Penman Andrew, vict. Waggon, Low Lights 
Penman Henry, shipwright, Whitehill 

Point ; ho. Tynemouth 
Periy James, shipowner, Hutchinson's- 

buildiugs, Toll-square 
Petrie John, beer retailer, Bell-sli'eet 
Philjpson J. & Co. drapers, 14 & 10,Tyne-st 



494 



CASTLP] WARD — EAST DIVISION. 



Philipson & Hare, printers, booksellers, 
stationers, agents, and dealers in piano- 
fortes, stamp office, etc. 7, Tyne-street 
Philipson Miss Margaret, Linskill-street 
Philipson John, printer, stationer, &c. 

(Philipson & Hare) ; ho. Tyne-street 
Philipson Joseph, draper (J. Philipson 

&Co.); ho. Tyne-street 
Philipson Mrs. Jane, 34, Sidney-street 
Pickering & Anderson, slup and boat 

builders, and ship surveyors. Bell-street 
Pickering Thos. ship builder and surveyor, 
&c. (Pickering & Anderson); ho. Lin- 
skill-street 
Pigg John N. shipowner & master mariner 

3, Spring-terrace 
Pigg Pialph, grocer&post-office,T.ynemouth 
Piker The Misses, teachers, 26, Howard-st 
Pilter Wm. F. deputy shiping master, 26, 

Howard-street 
Place Joseph, builder and agent, 62, 

Church-way 
Place Thos. master mariner, Eussell-street 
Piatt John, ship surveyor and steamboat 

proprietor, 33, Percy-street 
Pollock James, commission and insurance 

agent, 34, Norfolk-street 
Poole Miss Barbara, 15, East Percy-street 
Popplewell Eobt. & Co. ship and insurance 

brokers and sail makers. New Quay 
Popplewell Matthew, Lloyd's surveyor, 

Bailway-terrace ; ho. Eosella place 
Popplewell Robert, ship and insurance 
broker (E. Popplewell & Co.) ; ho. 
Eosella-place 
Porteus James, vict. Prince Albert, East 

Howden 
Potter Edward, coal owner, Tynemouth- 

terrace, Tynemouth 
Potter John, boot and shoemaker, Clive-st 
Potts Mrs. Ann, Bath- terrace, Tynemouth 
Potts John, farmer, Preston White House 
Potts Eobt. master mariner, 38, Nile-street 
Potts Thomas, farmer, Preston Grange 
Pow Eobert, shipowner and merchant 

(Pow & Faucus) ; ho. Etal Villa 
Pow Sz Faucus, cable, anchor, patent wind- 
lass, &c. manufacturers. Bell-street, Bull- 
ring, and Eeed- street 
Pretious Saml. Lloyd's surv^eyor, Eailway- 

terrace ; ho. Lovaine-terrace 
Pringle George, vict. Bay Horse, Duke-st 
Pringle Mr. Harrop, 25, King-sti'eet 
Pringle Mrs. Jane, Church-way 
Pringle John, clerk, vict. Albion Hotel, 

Norfolk-street 
Pringle Jno. master mariner, Norfolk-street 



Pringle Mr. John B. King-street 

Pringle Eiclid. milliner and hosier, 35, 

Union-street 
Pritchard George, ^ict. Lord Nelson, Cam- 
den-street 
Prior John, provision dealer. Union-street 
Proctor John E. tanner, Loav Lights 
Proctor Joseph, corn miller, Willington 
Steam Mill; ho. Camp-villa, Prestou-ln 
Proctor Thos. dealer in sundries,Linskill-st 
Proffit Wm. dealer in sundries, Linskill-st 
Punshon John, marine store dealer, Char- 
lotte-street 
Puiwes George B. butcher and shipowner, 

Tyne-street 
Purves Jas. master mariner, Nelson-street 
Purvis Isabella, grocer, and ^Yine and spirit 

merchant, 43, Camden-street 
Pvirvis George, butcher, 25, Union-street 
Pm-vis Geo. D. dealer in groceries, Clive st 
Purvis John, dealer in sundries, Clive-street 
Pycroft James, vict. Ship Inn, Bell-street 
Pye Moses, auctioneer & agent, Eussell-st 
PyleEobt. master mariner, 14, South-street 
Pyle Joseph, manager of the Passenger 
Department, Eailway Station, Little 
Bedford-street; ho. Nile-street 
Pyves Eobt. marine store dealer. Bell-street 

QUAIL Jane, marine store dealer. Lime- 
kiln-shore 

EAE James, pawnbroker & cabinet maker 

aud joiner, Liddell-street 
Eamsay Charles, brass founder, copper- 
smith, plumber, and gasfitter, Dotwick- 
st.; ho. Burden Main-row,Mount Pleasant 
Eamsay Henry, mstr. mariner, Waterxille-tr 
Eamsey Wm. confectioner, Tyne-street 
Eamshaw George, Percy-street, Tynemouth 
EamshawEobt. shipAvright, Skipsey's Quay 
Eaveley Wm. agent, Eussell street 
Eead Geo. master mariner, 9, Percy-street 

Tynemouth 
Eeadhead Barbara, dealer in sundries, 

George-street 
Eeavely Daniel, baker, Middle-street, 

Tynemouth 
Eeay Mr- William, 13, Dockwray-square 
Bedhead Mr. Wm. Linskill-street 
Eedpath John, joiner, Norfolk-street 
Eedpath John, cabinet maker and joiner, 

73, Bedford-street 
Eeed Elizabeth, green grocer, Bedford-st 
Eeed Geo. master mariner, Howard-street 
Eeed John, marine store dealer, Duke- 
street ; ho. Middle-street 



BOROUGH OF TYNEMOUTH DIEECTORY. 



495 



Eeed Mrs. Mary, Dockwray-squai-e 

Eeed Thomas F. millwright, Shire Moor 

Hill-top 
Eeed Thomas, vict. Loio Lights Tavern, 

Low Lights 
Eeed Thomas, solicitor, notars^ public, and 

iusm^ance agent, Dockwray-sqnare 
Eeed WilHam, millwright, Shire Moor 

Hill-top 
Eees Wm. Her Majesty's Customs, Westoe 
Eeichenberg jMrs. Ahce, Hutchinson's- 

huildings. Toll-square 
Eeid Isaac B. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Eeid James, musical instrument maker, 

Linskill-street 
Eeid John, grocer and tea dealer, Tyne- 

street; ho. 83, Stephenson street 
Eeid The Misses, seminary, 30, Dock- 

^Yray-sqnare 
Eeid Mr. Wra.48, Sidney-street 
Eeid William, inspector of river police, 

Norfolk-street 
Eennison Ellen, milhner, Linskill-street 
Eennison John, tobacco manufacturer 

Clive-street; ho. 12, Pockwray-square 
Eennison John, searcher, H.M. Customs, 

Dockwray-square 
Eennison Wm. & Son, watch, clock, and 

nautical instrument makers, Tyne-street 
Eennison Wm. watch and clock maker, &c. 

(Wm. Eennison &Son) ; ho. Tyne-street 
Eennison Wm. jun. watch and clock maker 

&c. (W. Eennison & Son) ; ho. Tyne-st 
Eennison Wm. master mariner, Norfolk-st 
Eenton David, cabinet maker, upholsterer, 

-and paper hanger, 66, Bedford-street 
Eenwick James, chain and nail maker, 

Eopery-bank 
Eevely Mrs. Jane, 5, Walker-place 
Eevely William, house agent, Eussell-street 
Eeynard Mr. George, Tynemouth 
Ehind John, master mariner, Howard-st 
Eich Jane, milliner, Camden-street 
Eichardson George, teacher, Smith's-place. 

Toll-square 
Eichardson George, dealer iu sundries, 

Liddell-street 
Eichardson Edv,'ard, dealer in marine 

stores, Blackburn's Quay 
Eichardson Jno.shipowner&master mariner, 

Hutchinson's-buildings, Toll square 
Eichardson John, dealer in groceries, 

Queen-street 
Eichardson Geo. marine store dealer, 21, 

Liddell-street 
Eichardson John, vict. and dealer in gro- 
ceries, Victoria Inn, Church-way 



Eichardson George C. teacher, Hudson-st 
Eichardson Jasper, agent, Percy-square, 

Tynemouth 
Eichardson Miss Mary, 33, Dockwray-sq 
Eichardson Eobert, master mariner, Lin- 
skill-street 
Eichardson Thos. vict. & master mariner, 

23. Clive-street 
Eichardson Wilham, marine store dealer, 

Grey Horse Quay 
Eichardson William, shipowner, 37, Dock- 
wray-square 
Eichmond IMrs. Margaret, Queen-street 
Eichmond William, shipowner,Dockwray-sq 
Eichenberg Mrs. Alice, 28, Hutchinson's- 
buildings, Toll-square 
Eiddell Jas. vict. Waggon, Mount Pleasant 
Eidley John, master mariner, 10, Nelson-st 
Eidley John, town-crier, Eanters'-bank 
Eidley Thomas, auctioneer and appraiser, 
share and loan broker, accountant and 
commission agent, 32, King-street 
Eiggs Ptichard, fruiterer. New Quay 
Eijopon Geo. Esq. J.P. ^¥aterville House 
Eobb Jas. master mariner, 44, Howard-st 
Eobertson John, pipe manufacturer, Bell-st 
Eobinson Ann, milliner, Norfolk-street 
Eobinson John C. chemist and druggist, 
and ship chandler, 30, Clive-street ; ho. 
53, Percy-street 
Eobinson John, joiner and cabinet maker, 

Percy-street, Tynemouth 
Eobinson Joseph, shipowner and master 

mariner, 55, Howard-street 
Eobinson Mary, teacher, Stephenson-street 
Eobinson Penelope, dealer in groceries, 

Tynemouth 
Eobinson Ealph, Esq. Prospect-hill 
Eobinson Thomas, grocer. Wooden Bridge 
Eobinson Thomas, tailor and shipowner, 

Norfolk-street; ho. 3, Nelson-street 
Eobinson Thomas, dealer in groceries, 

Dotwick-street 
Eobinson Thomas, sailmaker. Black Cock, 

Quay; ho. Howard-street 
Eobson Abraham, relieving oflicer for 

Tynemouth district, Howard-street 
Eobson George, vict. Baihvay Hotel, Little 

Bedford-street 
Eobson Ann, dealer in sundries, Liddell-st 
Eobson Bartholomew, master mariner, 

Percy-street, Tynemouth 
Eobson Frances, grocer ; ho. 3,Newcastle-st 
Eobson Mrs. Frances, AUendale-place, 

Tynemouth 
Eobson Isaac Eidley, builder, contractor, 
and ornamental stonemason, Pludson-st 



496 



CASTLE WAKD— EAST DIVISION. 



Eobson Isab. milliner, 14, Dockwraj'-square 
Robson Jacob, dealer in groceries, 2, Hud- 
son-street ; ho. Northumberland-street 
Robson James, builder, &c. (J. & M. 

Robson) ; ho. 80, Church-way 
Rebson J.&M.builders, joiners, contractors, 

and stone merchants, 80, Church-way, 

and Billy Mill Quarry 
Robson Jane, fishmonger, Bedford-street 
Robson Jane, dealer in sundries, Bedford-st 
Robson Mrs. Jane M. 27, Dockwray-square 
Robson John, librarian to the Literary and 

Philosophical Society, Albion-street 
Robson John, Esq. Ghirton West House 
Robson Matthew, builder, &c. (J. and M. 

Robson) ; ho. 3, Railway-street 
Robson Matthew, boot and shoemaker, 15, 

Bull-ring 
Robson Robert, painter and :'giaizer, 10, 

Nile- street 
Robson Thos. vict. Golden JPZ<3ece,NewQuay 
Robson Thomas, dealer in groceries, 28, 

Bird-street 
Robson Wilham, painter and glaizer, Col- 

lingwoodstreet, and at Tynemouth 
Robson William R. vict. Ordnance Arms, 

Castle -yard, Tynemouth 
Ro'diester Ann,dlr. in sundries,WoodenBdg 
Rochester Geo. master mariner, Church-v/y 
Rochester Jonathan, teacher, Albion-street 
Rodgers Charles, tailor, Stephenson-street 
Rodham Ann, grocer, 12, Clive-street 
Rogers Jane, vict. Cumberland Arms, Front- 

street, Tynemouth 
Rogers John, butcher, Clive-street 
Rogers Stephen, Her Majesty's Customs, 

Chfford's Fort 
Rogers Thos. master mariner, Howard-st 
Ronalds John, naval architect, Tynemouth 
Roll Margaret, baker, Middle-st Tynemouth 
Ross Jane, milliner and dressmaker, Lins- 

kill- street 
Rossiter John, butcher. Bird-street 
Rowland Robert, ship and engine smith. 

Limekiln Shore 
Rowntree James, clothier and outfitter, 34, 

Clive-street; ho. 17, Nelson-street 
Rowntree John and Co. grocers and ship 

owners, Clive-street 
Rowntree John, grocer and shipowner, (J. 

Rowntree & Co.) ; ho. Bedford- street 
Roxby Samuel, proprietor of the Theatre 

Royal ; ho. Stephenson-street 
Russell Alexander, corn miller (A. Russell 

and Son) ; ho. Collingwood-street 
Russell Alexander and Son, corn millers, 

Collingwood-street and Flatworth 



Russell Thomas, corn miller (A. Russell 
and Son) ; ho. Collingwood-street 

Rutherford John, joiner & builder, Church- 
way; ho. 25, Camden-street 

Rutherford John, vict. Coile Inn, Bell-st 

Rutherford Robert, cabinet maker & joiner, 
Church-way 

Rutherford Samuel, basket mkr. Church-st 

Rutherford William, master mariner, West 
Percy-street 

Rutter James, joiner, cabinet maker, and 
cartwright, Preston 

Rutter John, cabinet maker, joiner and 
builder (Rutter and Tovvus) ; ho. 42, 
Linskill-street 

Rutter John, vict. Lumpers^ Arms, Lish- 
man's Quay 

Rutter and Towns, cabinet makers, joiners 
and builders, G, Union-lane 

SANDERSON and Co. ale and porter mer- 

cbants, Camden-street, and at Preston 
Sanderson George, boat builder, Limekiln 

Shore ; ho. MUburn-place 

Sanderson Henry, ale and porter merchant 

(Sanderson & Co.) ; ho. 40, Camden-st 

Sanderson R. H. ale and porter merchant 

(Sanderson and Co.) ; ho. -10, Camden-st 

Sanderson R. H. boot and shoemaker, 2, 

Bedford-street; ho, 14, Camden-street 
Sangster Andrew, master mariner, Nor- 
folk-street 
Sans James, master mariner, King-street 
Sawers Mary, vict. King's Head, Church-st 
SaAvj-ers Wm. tide serveyor, Northumber- 
land-street 
Sa:xton Rev. Lot, Nile-street 
Scorfield Joseph, master mariner, 101, 

Howard-street 
Scorfield Wm. boot & shoemaker, Tjme-st 
Scorner Edmund, tailor. Church-street 
Scott Alexander, shipowner, Waterville-ter 
Scott Charles, master mariner, Percj^-street 
Scott David, cabinet maker and joiner, G3 

and 64, Church -way ^. 

Scott Darid D. clerk, Dockwray-square 
Scott Edward, steamboat proprietor, 7, 

Little Bedford-street 
Scott George, beer retailer, Chutch-way 
Scott Henr}-, dealer in sundries, Liddell-st 
Scott Jane, spirit vaults, 3], Chve-street 
Scott John and Son, biscuit bakers, &c. 

Liddell-street 
Scott John, biscuit baker (J. Scott &Son) ; 

ho. 1, Liddell-street 
Scott Margaret, rict. Victoria Inn, 100, 
Church -way 



BOROUGH OF TYNEMOUTH DIEECTORY. 



497 



Scott Richard, biscuit maker (J. Scott and 

Son) ; ho. 1, Liddell-street 
Scott Thomas, marine store dealer, 116, 

Bedford-street 
Scott Thomas, baker & dealer in groceries, 

Sidney-street 
Scott Thomas, beerhouse Upper Pearson- st 
Scott William, engineer, millwright, and 
engine builder. Mount Pleasant ; ho. 46, 
Bedford-street 
Seaman Charles H. ship chandler, Bell-st 
Sewell John, baker, Camden-lane 
Sharp B. W. printer, bookseller, & stationer, 

48, Tyne-sU-eet 
Sharp Andrew, mstr. mariner, 54, Howard-st 
Sharp Henry, marine store dlr. Dotwick-st 
Sharp Wm. refreshment rooms, Clive-st 
Sbarpe Duncan, teacher, Preston-lane 
Shaw John pianoforte tuner, Nile-street 
Shearer Wm. grocer, 28, Camden-street 
Shepherd Edward, agent, Albion-street 
Shepherd Richard, master mariner, 8, Wel- 
lington-street 
Sherlock Thos. painter & glazier, George-st 
Shield Abigail & Ann, milliners, Dotwick-st 
ShimmenJohn,jMerchantSeaman's Pension 

Office, 51, Percy-street 
Shipley James, master mariner, Linskill-st 
Short Mr. Christopher, 14, Spring-terrace 
Short John, joiner & cartwright, Stephen- 
son-street 
Shotton Annabella, vict. Duke of York Lin, 

Bedford-street 
Shotton Edward and Co. ship & insurance 

brokers, 13, Tyne-street 
Shotton Edward, ship & insurance broker 
(E. Shotton and Co.) ; ho. Northumber- 
land-square 
Shotton Sirs. Ehzabeth, Church-way 
Shotton Greorge, shipowner, Northumber- 
land-square 
Shotton James, artist, 116, Bedford-street 
Shotton John, vict. Commercial Hotel, 

Howard-street 
Simpson Edward, grocer and corn miller, 

Billy Mill-lane 
Simpson George, shipowner and master 

mariner, Hov;ard-street 
xSimpson Hugh, tailor, 39, Nile-street 
Simpson Jas. vict. Essex Arms, 2, Duke-st 
Simpson Miss Sarah, 15, W'alker-place 
Simpson Walter, butcher, Stephenson-st 
Simpson William, master mariner, 52, 

Camden-street 
Simpson Wm. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Sims James, rope manufacturer and ship 
owner (J. Sims and Co.); ho. 19, Nile-st 

3 H 



Sims James and Co. patent and commoD 
rope manufacturers, and ship owners, 
Albion-street 
Sims Richard, grocer and tea dealer, 48, 

Tyne-street ; ho. King-street 
Sinclair Elizabeth, Berlin wool repository, 

Norfolk-street 
Sinclair Magnus, master mariner, Church-st 
Sisterson Edward, vict. Collingwood Arms^ 

Chirton 
Skipsey Geo. shipowner, George-street 
Slevin Bernard, tailor, Liddell-street 
Smart Ehzabeth, dealer in sundries, Dot- 
wick-street 
Smith Anthony, boot and shoemaker, 40, 

Tyne-street 
Smith Elizabeth, straw - bonnet maker, 

North -street 
Smith George, master mariner, 3, Smith's- 

place, Tolhsquare 
Smith Geo. master mariner, 91, Stephen- 
son-street 
Smith Jackson, cabinet maker and joiner, 

Howard-street 
Smith Jane, grocer, Chirton 
Smith Mrs. Jane, 9, Percy-street 
Smith Mr. John, Preston 
Smith John, baker, Wooden Bridge 
Smith John, grocer, 114, Bedford-street 
Smith John, dlr. in groceries, Charlotte-st 
Smith John, grocer, Tyne-street 
Smith John, Front-street, Tynemouth 
Smith John, gardener, Preston-lane 
Smith John, grocer, Front-st Tynemouth 
Smith John W. butcher, Bell-street 
Smith John Ingram, assistant tide surveyor, 
and registrar of the Merchant Seamen's 
Office, Custom House ; ho. 7, W^est 
. Percy-street 
Smith Robt. G. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Smith Robert, master mariner, Russell-st 
Smith Thomas and Wilham, ship builders, 
New Dock, Limekiln Shore; St. Peter's 
Dock, Newcastle, & 31, Royal Exchange 
Buildings, London 
Smith Thomas, ship builder (T. and W, 

Smith) ; ho. Gosforth House 
Smith Thomas, pianoforte manufacturer 

and tuner, 3, King-street 
Smith Thomas, linen and woollen draper. 

Front-street, Tynemouth 
Smith William, chemist and druggist, 2, 

Church-street 
Smith William, ship builder (T. and "\V. 

Smith) ; ho. Benton Lodge 
Smythe William M. tide surveyor, Hud- 
son-street 



49a 



CASTLE WAED— EAST DIVISION, 



Snovrball Mary Ann, dealer in sundries, 

Camden-street 
Snowdon James, watch and clock ma"ker, 

9, Stephenson-street 
Soppet James G. corn miller, Low Lights 

Steam Mill; ho. 5, East Percy-street 
Sopwith Margaret, milliner, Linskill-street 
Sopwith Eohert, master mariner, Cam- 
den-street 
Sords William, marine store dealer, Bell-st 
Southern John & Son, boot & shoemakers. 

Bell-street 
Southern J os. master mariner, Church-st 
Speary Margaret, dlr. in sunds. Dotwick st 
Spain John & William, grocers, 55, Front- 
street, Tynemouth 
Spence John F. draper, mercer, &c. (J. F. 

& J. Spence); ho. Chirton Cottage 
Spence John, draper & hatter, Collin g- 

wood- street 
Spence Jno. F. & J. drapers, mercers,tailor3 , 
hatters, & carpet warehousemen, Howard- 
street and Tyne-street 
Spence Jos. draper, mercer, Szc. (J. F. & J. 

Spence): ho. 25, Howard street 
Spence Eobt. builder, cabinet maker, joiner 
& timber merchant, Bedford-st. & Saville- 
street ; ho. 78, Linskill-street 
Spence Eobert, bank manager, Rosella-pl 
Spence Thos. dlr. in sunds. Mount Pleasant 
Spence Wm. dealer in groceries, Middle-st 
Spencer Matthew Hall, tobacco manufac- 
turer, Clive-street ; ho. Eosella- place 
Sproat Jas.A^ct. Almvick Castle, Church-way 
Stapley W^. B. Barrack master, Tynemouth 
Stamers John, master mariner, LinskiU-st 
Starks Benjamin, master mariner. Front- 
street, Tynemouth 
Steele Ann, dealer in sundries, Church-way 
Stephens Isaac, master mariner, Norfolk-st 
Stephens Thos. surgeon, 31, Dockwray-sq 
Stephens William, shipowner & ship sur- 
veyor, Camden-street 
Stephenson Elizabeth, dealer in sundries, 

Dotwick-street 
Stephenson EUza, sailmaker, Bell-st; he. 

Church -way 
Stephenson Geo. boot & shoemaker, Bruns- 
wick-place 
Stephenson Henry R. grocer, Bedford-st 
Stephenson Jacob, constable to the comity 

magistrates, 11, Linskill-street 
Stephenson Jane, dealer in sunds. Nile-st 
Stephenson John, ropemaker and ship 
chandler, Bay Horse Quay ; ho. Eopery-bk 
Stephenson William, dealer in groceries, 
Brunswick-place 



Stephenson Margaret, teacher, George-st 
Stephenson "Wm. H. plumber & gas fitter 

& tin & ironplate wi'kr Sz brazier, Bolton- 

yard, Tyne-street; ho. 36, Church -sti'eet 
Steven James, hatter. Union-street 
Stewart David, ship\^Tight & boatbuilder, 

Low Lights ; ho. Northumberland-street 
Stewart George H. cabinetmaker & joiner, 

7, Saville-street 
Stewart George, vict. Burn Tavern, Broad 

Quay, Yv^ooden Bridge 
Stevfail James, dealer in groceries, North-st 
Stewart James, tailor & outfitter, Clive-st 
Stewart John, master mariner, LinskiU-st 
Stewart Mary Ann, dlr. in sundries, Bell-st 
Stewart Eobt. shipo\vner, 6, East Percy-st 
Stewart Eobert, mast & block maker, Black- 
burn's Quay & Low Lights ; ho. West 

Percy-street 
Stewart Thomas D. builder, 22, Linskill-st 
Stewart Thomas, rict. Crane House Inn, 

Duke street 
Stewart Wm. marine store dlr. Liddell-st 
Stewart & Newton, block & mast makers, 

Skipsej-'s Quay 
Stobbs James, pipe manufacturer, Bell-st 
Stobbs John, collector for the Board of 

Health, Sidney-street 
Stobbs John, dlr. in sundries, L'nion Quay 
Stobbs Joseph, butcher, 70, Clive-street; ho. 

50, Camden-street 
StoblDs Eobert & Eichard, boatbuilders 

Milburn -place 
Stoddart Mary Ann, vict. & leather cutter, 

Wheat Sheaf, Colhngwood-street 
Stoker Thomas, hardwareman, brazier & 

compass maker, Clive-street 
Sonebank Eeed,beer retailer, Stephenson- st 
Sonehouse Miss Margaret, 48, Percy-street 
Storer Mary, gi^ocer, 52, Bedford-street 
Storer Mr. Yv'illiam, Upper Norfolk-street 
Storey Ehzab. dressmaker. Church-street 
Storey Elsdon, shipwright & ship chandler. 

Crane Wharf, Bell-st; ho. King-street 
Storey Geo. hat manufacturer, Knott-lane, 

Tyne-street; ho. 46, Stephenson-street 
Storey Jane, grocer, 21, Camden-street 
Storey Michael, vict. Eobin Hood, Chirton 
Storey William, vict. Colonel Linskillj Char- 
lotte-street 
Storey Wilson, coal merchant, Tynemouth- 1 

road ; ho. Toll-square f 

Storey William, boot and shoe maker, Cam- ' 

den-lane 
Storm ond Mrs. Dorothy, West Bury-street 
StoteEobt. vict. Lord Byron, Stephenson-st 
Stothard John, butcher, Bedford-street 



BOBOUGH OF TYNEMOUTH DIEECTORY. 



499 



Stout Mary, fruiterer, New Quay; lio. 

Clive-street 
Straker James, cabinet maker, 44, Tyne-st 
Straker John, coal proprietor, Loraine-ter 
Straker Jos. coal proprietor. South Preston 
Strong Anthony, shipowner, Newcastle-st 
Strong Anthony, steamboat proprietor, & 

publican. South-street 
Strong Geo, vict. Burclon Arms, Dotwick-st 
Strong Mrs. Mary, Tyne-street 
Strong Eobt. -sdct. Anchor Tavern, Dukest 
Stroud Austin, master mariner, Linskiil-st 
Stuart Joseph W. cabinet maker & joiner, 

55, Church-sti'eet 
Stubbs John, hairdresser. Bell-street 
SummerviUe Mr. Charles, Sea-banks, Tyne- 

mouth 
Surtees Mrs. Aubone A. Preston 
Sutherland Edward, vict. Duke of Sussex, 

80, Church-street 
Sutherland Solomon, ironmonger, Preston 
Sutherland Wra. bookseller & haircutter, 

New Quay ; ho. Bedford-street 
Swan Edward K. butcher & shipowner, 

Clive-street 
Swan Mary, butcher, Wellington-street 
Swan Eichard, shipowner, CHve-street 
Swan Thomas, chemist & druggist, 20, 

Wellington-street 
Swindell Wilham, gardener. Church-street 
Sybenga John H. publican & ship chandler, 

Clive-street 
Sybenga Simon P. ship chandler, Bell-st 

TAFT Eev. John W. 12, Spring-teiTace 
Tate Chas. master mariner, IJ, Nelson-st 
Tate Eobert, greengrocer. Church-way 
Tate Wilham G-. auctioneer & commission 

agent, 102, Howard-street 
Taylor Allen, painter. Duke-street 
Taylor Charles, cabinet maker & joiner, 5, 

Bedford-lane 
Taylor Emanuel, grocer & tea dealer, 10, 

Tyne-street 
Taylor George, sailraaker. Bell-street; ho. 

Bath-terrace, Tynemouth 
Taylor James, dealer in poultry, Sa\dlle-st 
Taylor Jas. master mariner, 77, Church st 
Taylor Mrs. Jane, Front-street, Tynemouth 
Taylor Mr. John, Percy-street 
Taylor John, tripe preparer, Clive-street; 

ho. Linskill street 
Taylor Miss Mary Ann, Percy-square, 

Tynemouth 
Taylor Eobert M. vict. Borough Arms, 

Camden-strcet 
Taylor Walter, surgeon, Union-street 



Taylor Wm. builder, joiner & cabinetmaker, 

Percy-square, Tynemouth 
Taylor Wm. J. chemist & druggist, Tyne- 
street & 1, Norfolk-street 
Taylor Wm. master mariner, Norfolk-street 
Taylor William, master mariner, Toll-sq 
Taylor Wm. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Theakston Charles, grocer, tea dealer, and 

vict. Eose (& Crown, 34, Tyne-street 
Taws David, steamboat proprietor. Cam- 
den-street 
Tempest John, vict. Rising Sun, Beacon -st 
Thoburn & Grant, boatbuilders. Coble-dean 
Thoburn Wilham, boatbuilders (Thoburn 

& Grant); ho. East Percy-street 
Thomas Wm. dir. in groceries, Low Lights 
Thompson & Co. merchants & agents for 
Hamburgh & French underwriters and 
Austrian Lloyds, Lishman's Quay 
Thompson Ellen, milliner, 18, Toll-square 
Thompson George, medical botanist, Lin- 
skill- street 
Thompson Henry, boot and shoemaker, 1, 

George-street 
Thompson Miss Jane, writer for Coal Ex- 
change, Stephenson-street 
Thompson John, master mariner, 103, 

Howard-street 
Thompson J, master mariner, 14, Sidney-st 
Thompson Mr. Joseph, Preston - 
Thompson Mary, butcher, 32, Union-st 
Thompson Eichard, vict. Tynemouth Castle, 

42, Church-street 
Thompson Eichd. shipowner, 53, Percy-st 
Thompson Eobert, vict. Victoria, East 

Howden 
Thompson Eobert, dealer in sundries, 

Church-way 
Thompson Eobt. master m ariner, Linskill-st 
Thompson Eobt. master mariner, Howard-st 
Thompson Eobt. A. marine store dealer, 

Blackburn's Quay 
Thompson Sarah, dealer in sundries, 

Church-way 
Thompson Thos. master mariner, Linskill-st 
Thompson Thomas, marine store dealer, 

Charlotte- street 
Thompson Thomas, currier and leather 

merchant, 28, Duke-street 
Thompson Thos. master mariner, Eopery-st 
Thompson William, master mariner, Percy- 
square, Tjnemouth 
Thornborrow Joiin, brewer and shipown 

Clive-street; ho. Saville-street 
Thornton William, butcher, Nile-street 
Thrift James, master mai-iner, Nile-sti-eet" 
Thrift Mary, grocer, Camdeu-sti-eet 



500 



CASTLE WAED-— EAST DIVISION. 



Thursby Peter, hairdresser, Union-road ; 

ho. Church-street 
Tibbs Samuel James, manager of Savings' 

Bank, superintendent registrar and clerk 

to the Board of Guardians for Tynernouth 

Union ; ho. Preston 
Tillock Ann, dressmaker. Little Bedford-st 
Tinley John & John T. B. solicitors, 

Beacon-street 
Tinley John, solicitor and insurance agent 

(J. & J. T. B. Tinley) ; ho. Dockwray-sq 
Tinley John T. B. solicitor (J. & J. T. B. 

Tinley); ho. Dockwray-sqnare 
Todd Edward, plumber, brazier, gasfitter, 

bellhanger, & compass-maker, Bull-ring i 
Todd Jiio. master mariner, Stephenson-st ! 
Todd Ptobt master mariner, Stephenson-st | 
Totherick J. W. master mariner, Nelson-st j 
Toulrain John, letter earner and hat reno- | 

vator, 9, Norfolk-street 
Towell Wm. dealer in groceries, George-st 
Towns Henry, cabinet maker, joiner, and 

builder (Paitter & Towns) ; ho. 03, How- 
ard-street 
Towns Jno. marine store dealer, Bell-sti'eet 
Trotter Mrs. Elizabeth, Tynemouth-place, 

Tynemouth 
Trotter Isaac, baker, Beacon-street 
Trotter John, general agent and provision 

merchant (T. R. Trotter & Son) ; ho. 

Dockwrsiy-square 
Trotter Thos. Pv,. general accent & provision 

merchant (T. R. Trotter & Son); ho. 
. Uockwray-square 
Trotter T. E. Sz Son, ship chandlers, agents, 

& provision merchants. Shepherd's Quay 
Tuif Edwd. de;der in sundries, Charlotte-st 
TuUnch Ann.vict. Queen's Head. Low Lii^hts 
Tullnch John G. engraver, litbo::rapher, 

copperplate printer, and bookbinder, 13, 

Tyne- street 
Tnlfoch rilicba.4 B. agent to Gh>^r^es Dick, 

brewer. Edinbr.r^^h, and to DiiMcanuon 

&, Co. distillers, Newington. Edinburgh, 

26, •; /live street 
TulloibCbas.E s'lC^.F^inrnnd Garter.C\\\e-^t 
Tnlly An 'rpw, vict. Stone House, Clive-st 
Tnlpie Agnes, dealer in groce.ries, Duke st 
Turnbud Andrew, vict. Rnyal Arms^ Nile st 
Tnrnbull Edward, ware dealer. Bell-street 
Turnbnll James, hairdresser, Liddell-st ; 

ho. Bedford-street 
Tnrnbull ^Nlr. James, Lin ski 11 -street 
TurnbuU Mar.^jery, draper, Chirton 
Tnrabull Ealph, grocer & agent, Nile-street 
TurnbuU Eichard B. vict. Golden Lion, 

Church-way, & butcher, Union-street 



TurnbuU Piobert, vict. Jenny Lind, East 
Howden 

TurnbuU Thos, surgeon, 19, West Percy-st 

TurnbuU William, Her Majesty's Customs, 
Giilow-place 

Turner Daniel, newsvender, 2, Bell-street 

Turner James, comptroller of H. M. Cus- 
toms, 4, Cobourg-place 

Turner James, gardener, Preston 

Turner WilUam, sailmaker & shipchandler, 
50, Bell-street 

Tweedy Jacob, steamboat proprietor. North- 
street 

Twizell John &: Son, ironmongers, braziers, 
shipchandlers, and shipowners, 6, Tyne- 
street, and 51 and 52, Clive street 

Twizell John, ironmonger, shipowner, &e. 
(J. Twizell Sc Son); ho. Lovaine-terrace 

Twizell John S. ironmonger, shipowner, 
&c. (J. 'I'wizell & Son); ho. Lovaine-ter 

Tynemouth Thos. butcher and shipowner, 
Colling wood-street 

Tyzack, Whiteley, & Co. chain, anchor, and 
patent windlass mauufacturei's, ttc. Low 
Lights, Bell-street, and 266 and 207, 
Wapping, London 

Tyzack Mrs. Alice, 2, Sidney-street 

Tyzack George S. chain, anchor, &c. manu- 
facturer (Tyzack, Whiteley, & Co.); ho. 
East Percy-street 

Tyzack Mrs. Isabella, Albion-street 

UNDERWOOD Wilham, master mariner, 

Queen-street 
Unthank Mrs. Mai-y, 25, Spring-terrace 
Urquhart Jno. master mariner, 7 l,Norfolk- st 

YE N US Robt. dealer in .sundries, Linskill-st 
Yenus Wil'iani, dealer in groceries, 31, 

Stephen son -street 
Yerdy Tbos. steamboat owner, Eopery-bank 
Yickerson William F. grocer and tallow 

chandler, Clive-st ; ho Stephenson-st 
Yin^y Jnseph. dealer in Birmingham and 

Sheffield goods,Ne\v Quay; ho Bedford-st 

WAIT Jas* & John, jnnr. ship & insurance 
brokers, Tyne- street 

Wait James, shipowner, Bedford-street 

Wait James, jnnr. ship ct insurance broker 
(J. & J. Wait); ho. Bedford->treet 

Wait John, shipowner, Dock wray-squ are 

Wait John, junr. ship & insurance broker 
(J. & J. Wait); ho. Dockwray-square 

Wake Ealph, dealer in groceries, 20, Char- 
lotte-street 

Wake Mr. Eichard, Bell-terrace, Albion-st 



1 



BOliOUGH OF TYNEMOUTH DIBECTORY. 



501 



Wake William, harbour master, 17, Dock- 

•wray-square 
Wakefield Jno. master mariner, 30, Percy-st 
Walker Mrs. Ami, Hutchinson's-buildings, 

Toll-square 
Walker, Brothers, ironfounders, smiths, (fee. 

Colliogwood-street 
Walker George, printer, bookbinder, and 

stationer, 12, Tyne-street 
Walker Hy. master mariner, 50, Howard-st 
Walker John, ironfounder, smith, &c. 

(Walker, Brothers); ho. 9, South-street 
Walker Robert, master mariner, Linskillst 
Walker William R. ironfounder, smith, &c. 

(Walker, Brothers); ho. 9, South-street 
Walker William, vict. Turk's Head Inn, 

Linskill-street 
Walker William & Co. ironfounders, forge- 
men, waggon and truck builders, chain 

manufacturers and smiths, Whiteliili 

Point Iron Works 
Walker William, irnnfounder, etc. (Willinm 

Walker & Co.); ho. Ridges Farm, Chirton 
Walker Wrri. master mariner, Hudson-st 
Wall WiUiam I. shipchandler. Bell -street 
Wallace Geo, steamboat owner, Sidney-st 
Wallace Isaac, master mariner, Percy-st 
Wallace Mrs. Mary, 19, Toll-square 
Wallace Wilham, vict. Broivn Cote, High 

Flatworth 
Wallace Wm. master mariner, Hudson-st 
Walters Isaac, basket maker, Bedford-st; 

ho. Clive-street 
Walton Robt. master m.ariner, Church-way 
Walton Jane, lodging-house keeper, 3, 

Allendale -place, Tynemouth 
Wann Edward, bacon factor & pawnbroker, 

Wooden Bridge ; ho. Church-stairs 
Ward Cuthbert, master mariner, 13, Upper 

Norfolk-street 
Ward Henry, boot & shoemaker, LowLights 
Ward John, vict. Earl Grey Inn, Hudson- 
street, and marine store dealer & potato 

merchant, 13, Charlotte-street 
Ward John, vict. Sir William Wallace Inn, 

Clive-street 
Wardle and Wight, ship biscuit baker and 

flour dealers. Bell -street 
Wardle Robert, tailor, Tynemouth 
Wardle William, baker and flour dealer 

(Wardle and Wight); ho. Bell- street 
Warner George, tailor. Bull-ring 
Wascoe George,, brewer and shipowner, 

Bell-street ; ho. 52, Church-way 
Watldn Geo. vict. Robin Hood, Beacon-st 
Watson Cuthbert, vict. Northumberland 
Arms, Percy- square, Tynemouth 



Watson Chas. dlr. in groceries, Church-st 
Watson Ebenezer, master mariner, 39, 

Percy-street 
Watson Ingram C. umbrella manufacturer, 

Cam den-street 
Watson Mrs. Isabella, Newcastle-street 
Watson Isabella, teacher, 27, Sidney-street 
Watson Joseph, vict. OldShakespeareTavern, 

Clive-street 
Watson Joseph, steamboat owner, Nelson-st 
Watson Michael, grocer, 11, Union-street 
Watson Robert, tailor, 47 & 52, Camden-st 
Watson William, bookseller and stationer, 

47, Chve-street 
Watson William, vict. Lord Collingwoo^, 

Union-road 
Watson William, dealer in groceries and 

baker, George-street 
Watts Andrew, spirit vaults, Clive-street 
Wangh Maria, refreshment rooms, 96, 

Bedford-street 
Wealleans John, vict. Woolsington House, 

Mount Pleasant 
Weatherhead George, smith, Elders' Quay 
Weatherhilt William, vict. Railway Inn and 

Posting House, Little Bedford-street 
Weatherhilt Robert, coffee roaster. Mount 

Pleasant ; ho. Nile-street 
Weatherston John, vict. Shades Tavern, 

Howard-street 
Weightman Wm. master mariner,Bedford-st 
Weir Robert, insurance broker, 10, Tyne • 

street; ho. Preston 
Weir Robert S. accountant, 10, Tyne-street ; 

ho. Preston 
Westgarth James, grocer and carver and 

gilder, 59, Stephen son-street 
Westcroft Joseph, earthenware dlr. New Qy 
Whale Mary, vict. Bee Hive, Dotwick-street 
Wheatley Henry, shipowner, Dockwray-sq 
Wheatley John, shipowner, Northumber- 
land-square 
Wheldon R. and T. R. solicitors and insur- 
ance agents, Norfolk-street 
Wheatley Margaret, Berlin wool repository, 

8, Upper Norfolk-street 
Wheatley Wm. shipowner. Dockwray-sq 
Wheldon Anthony R. farmer. East Howden 
Wheldon Thomas R. solicitor, etc. (R. and 

T. R. Wheldon); ho. Howard-street 
Wheldon Robt. solicitor, &:c. (R. *fc T. R. 

Wheldon) ; house, Howard-street 
Wherrior George, steamboat proprietor, 

South-street 
White Elizabeth, milliner, Bedford-street 
White James, cabinet maker and joiner 
(White and Lambert); ho. Church-way 



603 



CASTLE WARD — EAST DIVISION. 



White John, shipowner and master mariner, 

5, Spring-terrace 
White and Lambert, cabinet makers and 

joiners, Kopery-bank 

White Eobt. master mariner, 92, Church-way 

Whitecross Richard, manager for the North 

and South Shields Gazette, CO, Howard -st 

Whitfield Isabella, vict. Northumberland 

Arms, New Quay 
Whitfield Henry, vict. Seven Stars, Percy- 
street, Tynemouth 
Whitfield John, grocer and baker, 23, 

Church-way 
Whitfield Joseph, butcher. The Allotment 
Whitehead Jas. master mariner, Hunting- 
'*d on- place, Tynemouth 
W^hittle James L. wine and spirit merchant 

and grocer, Saville-street 
Whittle James L. grocer, Little Bedford-st 
Wighara Mr. George, 15, Toll-square 
Vvlgham William, smith and veterinary 

surgeon, Bedford-street 
Wigham Wm. C. master mariner, Howard-st 
Wight Alexander, baker and flour dealer 

(Wardle and Wight); ho. Bell-street 
Wight and Allen, builders, King-street 
Yfight Nicholas, builder (Wight and Allen); 

ho. King-street 
Wight William C. vict. and coach proprietor, 

Queen's Head, Albion-street 
Wiley Mai-garet, milliner, Mount Pleasant 
Wilkie John, tailor, Linskill- street 
Wilkie Joseph, dealer in sundries, Hudson-st 
Wilkins John, agent, 14, Walker-place 
Wilkinson George, ship rigger, 15, Percy-st 
Wilkinson George, master mariner, Little 

Bedford-street 
Wilkinson Jane, confectioner, Bedford-st 
Wilkinson V/illiam, dlr, in sundries, Bell-st 
Wilkinson V/illiam, vict. Shipwrights' Arms, 

Church-way 
Wilkinson William, Her Majesty's Customs, 

Bedford-street 
Williamson George, chemist and druggist, 

Union-street; ho. 11, Spring-terrace 
Williamson Mrs. Elizabeth, 9, Spring-ter 
Williamson Wm. master mariner, Stephen- 
son-street 
Willis Susannah, dlr. in sunds.Wellington-st 
Willits Thomas, dealer in game, Tyne-st 
Wilson Arthur, vict. King^s Head, Clive-st 
Wilson Catherine, butcher, 29, Tyne-street; 

ho. 1, Stephenson-street 
Wilson Henry, grocer, Duke-street; ho. 

Union-street 
Wilson Jaue, vict. Lord Broitgham, Middle-st 
Wilson John, master mariner, Norfolk-st 



Wilson John, glass, china, and earthenware 

dealer, Duke-street 
Wilson John, cheese and flour dealer, 23, 

Union-street 
Wilson Richard Henry, chemist, druggist, 

and grocer, 21, West Percy-street 
Wilson Mr. Robinson, Bell Cottage 
Windas Joseph, Her Majesty's Customs, 

33, King street 
Windas Winiam,iron and tin plate worker 

and brazier, 14, Norfolk-sireet 
Wlngrave John, chemist and druggist, and 
agent to the Equitable Law Life Assur- 
ance Society, Tyne-street; ho. Walker-pl 
Wingrave William, hat manufacturer, and 

hosier, 36, Union-street 
Winship Mrs. Elizabeth, 10, George-street 
Wintrim Jas. master mariner, 6,Bird-street 
Wolfson Michael, currier and leather cutter 
(Mendelson & Wolfson) ; ho. Church st 
Wood Adam, painter, glazier, and paper- 
hanger, 24, Church-way; ho. 22, Ste- 
phenson-street 
Wood Cuthbert, master mariner, Sidney-st 
Wood Edward, master mariner. Little Bed- 
ford-street 
Wood Eleanor, dlr. in sundries, Bedford-st 
Wood James, butcher, George-street 
Wood John, vict. Hope and Anchor, 

Low Lights 
Wood John, beer retailer Clive-slreet 
Wood Margaret, dealer in sundries, Nor- 
folk-street 
Wood William, baker, Camden-lane 
Woodman Mrs. Grace, 23, Spring-terrace 
Woodmass Robert, hat manufacturer, 7, 

Union-street 
Woolidge Martha, dealer in sundries, 

Ghurch-street 
Wright Anthouy,vict.2)oc7« JTofeZ, Liddell-st 
Weight Christiana W. shipowner. South 

Preston 
Wright Mrs. Elizabeth, shipowner, King-st 
Wright George, grocer and flour dealer. 

Bird-street 
Wright John T. butcher, Clive-street ; ho. 

Bedford-street 
Wright John, block, mast, and pumpmaker 
( Y/right&Creighton) ; ho.97, Church-way 
Wright John, shipowner, 96, Church-way 
Wright Rhoda, dealer in sundries, North-st 
Wright Robert, master mariner, Little 

Bedford-street 
Wright Robt. master mariner. Church-way 
Wright & Creighton, block, mast, and 

pump makers, Chve-street 
Wright Thos. vict. Magpie, Coble-dean 



BOKOUGH OF TYNEMOUTH CT^SSTFIED DIEECTOET. 



503 



Wrkon John, surgeon, l,TynemoiUli-place 
Tynemoutli 

YEELES Geo. vict. Ho2Je Inn, Norfolk-st 
Yeeles John, master mariner, Church st 
Yeeles Wilham, bulkier, Albion-street ; ho. 

Upper Norfolli-street 
Yeoman Jas. master mariner, Chnrch-st 
Yeoman Thos. master mariner , Nile-street 
York John, master mariner, 16, East 

Percy-street 
Y'oung Ann, straw hat maker, 47, Church-st 
Young Benj. master mariner, Norfolk-st 
Young Charlotte, hosier and miUiner, 

Tyne-street 
Young Gi)bert,pilot,6,Smith's-place,Toll-sq 
Young Mrs. Mary Northumberland-square 



Y"oung Emanuel, shipbuilder & shipowner 
(T. Y^oung & Son) ; ho. Northumber- 
land-square 
Young Peter, agent to the Hope Mutual 

Life and Gurantee Society, Tyne-street 
Young Philip, shipowner, 95, Church -way 
Young Thos. & Son, shipbuilders and ship- 
owners, Liddell-street,and South Shields 
Young Thos. master mariner, 3, Percy-st 
Y^'oung Wm. vict. Royal Oak, Bell-street 
Y^oung Wm. master mariner, Church-street 
Younger John, builder and contractor, 

King-street ; ho. Tynemouth 
Younger Eichd. butcher, Stephenson street; 

ho. Church-street 
Younghusband Kichard, master marine! 
55, Percy-street 



CLASSIFICATION ' 

OF 

TEADES, PEOFESSIONS, ETC 



Academies and Schools. 

Adam son Mary Isabella, 97, 

Church-way 
Bell Jane and Dorothy, 9, 

East Percy-street 
Cameron Peter, Stephenson- 

street 
Catholic School, Nelson-st; 

Thos. McEenzie, teacher 
Charlton J. 26, Church-st 
Constable J. C. private 

teacher, Preston-lane 
Cooke Margaret, Church-st 
Dodd J. P. L.L.D. Grove 

Academy, Albion- street 
Errington Miss,21, Norfolk-st 
Gething S. 16, Dockwray-sq 
GiELs' Union School, Nor- 
folk-st ; Miss Saunderson, 

teacher 
Hall Jane, Albion -st 
Hedley Dorothy, Linskill-st 



Home Isabella, ladies, 29, 
Dockwray-square 

Holy Trinity National 
Schools, Collingwood-st; 
R. Bone & Margaret Dunn, 
teachers 

Industry & Infant Schools, 
Albion -st; Judith Murray 
and Eosamond Harrison, 
teachers 

Infant School, Norfolk-st; 
Mary Hobson, teacher 

Kettlewell's School, 
George-st ; H. Johnson, 
master 

King W. Queen -street 

Lavender A, UpperPearson-st 

Liddell J. G. nautical, Tyne- 
street 

Marley Bridget, 70, Church- 
street 

Martindale W. Church-sti'eet 



Ogilvie & Hunter ladies and 
boarding, 26, Dockwray-sq 
Ormston Ellen, 91, Church- 
way 
Piher Misses, 26, Howard-st 
Reid Misses, ladies, 30, Dock- 
wray-square 
Eichardson G. Smith's-place 

Toll-square 
Eichardson G. C. Hudson- st 
Eobinson My. Stephenson-st 
EochesterJouathanAlbion-st 
Eoyal Jubilee School, 
Albion-street; T. Haswell, 
teacher 
Scotch Church National 
School, Howard - street ; 
John Mavor, teacher 
Sharp D. Preston-lane 
Stephenson JMargt. George- 

street 
Watson Isabella,27,Sidney-st 



504 



CASTLE WARD — EAST DI^^SlON. 



Accountants 
Bulmer J. 1, Howard-street 
Crawford J. J. Stephenson-st 
Little J. 3, Cobourg-place 
Ridley Thomas, 32, King-st 
Weir Robert S. 10, Tyne-st 

Agents— Commission, &c. 

See also Brokers — Sliip and 

Insurance. 

Avrillautl J. 2,ColDourg place 
Barker H. Norfolk-street 
Blagdon & Son, Anchor Quay 
Brightraan H. A. (European 
Gas Company, London), 
New Quay 
Brown J. D. Lin skill-street 
Bulmer J. 1, Howard- street 
Clarke H. 24, Dockwray- 

square 
Crawford T. C. Norfolk-street 
Dale P. & Co. Howard-street 
English H. 5, Sidney-street 
Graham John, 30, Camden-st 
Hadaway D. 1, Bell's-terrace 
Harbutt T. 63, Bedford-st 
Herdman E. Linskill-street 
Holliday Samuel, Linskill- 
street 
Hornsby George, 74, Upper 

Stephenson-street 
Hunter Taylor S. Cullercoats 
Innes G. house, Howard-st 
MetcalfT. 25, Norfolk-street 
Morrison W. D. Sa^dlle-st 
Peart R. Howard-street 
Pollock J. K. 34, Norfolk-st 
Popplewell R. & Co. (Green- 
wich Felt Works Company) 
New Quay 
Eeveley W. house, 2, Rus- 
sell-street 
Ridley Thomas, 32, King- 
street 
Tate W. G. 102, Howard-st 
Thompson and Co. (French 
Lloyd's), Lishman's Quay 
Trotter T. R. and Son, Shep- 
herd's Quay 
TuUock Michael B. (for Chas. 
Dick, brewer, Edinburgh ; 
and for Duncannon & Co. 
distillers,Newington, Edin- 
burgh); 26, Chve-street 
Turnbull R. shipping gazette, 
26, West Percy-street 



Anchor Manufacturers 

See also Chain and Chain 
Cable Manufacturers. 

Pow and Fawcus, Bell-street, 
Reed-street, and Bull-ring 

Tyzack, Whiteley, and Co. 
Low Lights, and Bell-street 

Artists 

Errington Isabella, 21, Nor- 
folk-street 
Shotton J. 116, Bedford-st 

Auctioneers and Appraisers 

Marked * are also Agents. 
*Coxon J. Church-way 

* Hoggins J. 11, Dockwray- 

square, and at Newcastle 
Hornsby George appraiser 
only, 74, Upper Stephen- 
sou-street 
Hudson Jas. 13, Newcastle- 
terrace, Tyneraouth 

* Jackson T."66, Camden st 
Morrison W. D. Saville-st ' 
Pye M. and house and land 

agent, Russell-street 
Ridley Thomas, 32, King-st 
*Tate W. G. 102, Howard-st 

Bakers 

Marked * are also Flour Dealers. 
AUwood Adam, Liddell-st 
Armsti'ong J. L. Union-st 
♦Armstrong W. 59, Church- 
way 
*Bolton J. 34, Stephenson-st 
*Bolton R. 4, Bird-street 
Brown James, Church-street 
Campbell A. LittleBedford-st 
Campbell Elizb. Bedford-st 
Charlton Ann, 1, Charlotte-st 

* Coventry A. 53, Bedford-st 
*Cleugh R, biscuit, Chve-st 
Dick J. T. New-road 
Duncan W. biscuit, Beacon- 
street 

Fittis J. and Co. biscuit, 1, 

Clive-street 
*Hadaway E. 6, Linskill-st 
Harper B. Bull-ring 
Hay E, 16, Clive-street 
Martin W. C. Duke-street 
*Martin W. S. 35, Stephen- 
son-street 
Milburn G. and W. 37, Lid- 
deil-street 



Monkman T. bis-cuit, 15, 

Church -street 
Reaveley D. Middle-street, 

Tynemouth 
Roll Margaret, Middle-street, 

Tynemouth 
Sewell J. Camden-lane 
Scott and Scott, bisQuifc,^ ^ 

Liddell-street -h-fijH 

Scott T. Sidney-street ■■;,.„ ;-; 
Smith J. Wooden Bridge 
Trotter I. Beacon-street 
*Wardle and Wight, biscuit, 

Bell-street 
Watson W. George-street 
Whitfield J. 23, Church-way 
Wilson G. Clive-street 
Wood W. Camden-lane 

Bankers 

National Provincial Bank 
OF England, Howard-st ; 
P. A. Dodds. manager; ho. 
Howard-street 

Northumberland and Dur- 
ham District Bank ; Robt. 
Milburn, manager; house, 
Camden-street 

Union Bank ; Robt. Foster, 
manager ; ho. 10, Howard- 
street 

Savings' Bank, Norfolk-st jf 
S. J. Tibbs, actuary 

Basket Makers 
Hewitt W. Bedford-street 
Rutherford S. Church-street' 
Walters J. Bedford-street p 

Board & Lodging Houses^ 
Tynemouth i '^ 



Armstrong Henry, Percy-st 



Baxter Isabella, 50, FronjU. 

street ~ * ' 

Bell Isabella, Front-stre^ ^ 
Bell Isabella, Sea-banks 
Benn Robert, Percy-street 
Booth Esther, Percy-st 
Broag Margaret, Percy-st 
Bruce Charlotte, Front st 
Cooke Frances E . Front-st 
Cowcher Ann, 7, Bath-ter 
Cuthbert Ehzabeth, 3, Tyne- 

mouth-terrace 
Dawson Isabella, Percy-st 
Donkin Isabella, 10, Hunt- 
ingdon-place 



BOROUGH OF TYNEMOtJTH CLASSIPlEf) t)IRECTOr.Y. 



605 



Board & Lodging Houses— 

Contmued. 
Duncan Elizab. Front-street 
Evans Edward, Percy-sti'eet 
Fenwick Ann, Front- street 
Graham Thomas, Percy-st 
Greaves Ehzab. Front street 
Hare Jane, Sea-banks 
Harrison Ann, Front-st 
Harrison Elizabeth, Middle- 
street 
Henderson Barbara,Percy-st 
Hogg Catherine, Front-st 
Hnggup Isab. Front-street 
Hutchinson John, 1, Percy- 
street 
Irwin Mary, Percy-street 
Johnson Ann, Middle-street 
Matthews Margaret, 2, Tyne- 

mouth-teiTace 
Mayson Dinah, Front-street 
Meers Sarah, 8, Bath-terrace 
Miller ]Martha, Front-street 
Mills Jane, Tynemouth-ter 
Morley Isabella, Percy-street 
Murray Thomas, Percy-st 
Nelless Mary, Percy- street 
Ord Richard, Percy-street 
Patterson Sara , 38, Front- 
street 
Ramsay Sarah, Front-stree t 
Robson Edwin, Percy-street 
Royal Hannah, 42, Front-st 
Rutherford Thos. 39, Front-st 
Scott Charles, 6, Bath-ter 
Share Thomas, Front-street 
Simpson Lavina, Front-st 
Smith Thomas, Percy-street 
Storey Mary, Percy-street 
Spoor Ann, 1, Bath-terrace 
Toward Ralph, Front-street 
Walton Elizab. Front-street 
Warden Ehzabeth, Tyne- 

mouth-place 
Weland Elizab. Middle street 
Whaley Ann, 49, Front-street 
Wigham Mrs. 29, Percy-st 
Wright Edward, 13, Hunting- 
don-place 
Younger Miss, 11, Bath-ter 
Whalton Jane, 3, Allendale- 
place 

Block ft Maet Maimers 

Charlton J. Bell-stroet 
Davison T. Howden Dock 



Gray M. Bell-street 

Hall & Fell, Hudson-street 

Harcuss J. Custom House 

Quay 
Johnson W. Bell-street 
McKellop R. High End of 

Limekiln Shore 
Morton M. Liddell-street 
Pickering & Anderson, Bell- 
street 
Stewart & Newton, Skipsey's 

Qnay 
Stewart R. Blackburn's Quay 

and Low Lights 
Watson J. Howden Dock 
Wright & Ci-eighton, Clive-st 

Boat Builders 

Cooper W. Milburn-place 
Cooper W. Nortli-street 
Dowey J. Elder's Quay 
Dowey J. Limekiln Shore & 

Low Lights 
Morallee Jno. Limekiln Shore 
Pickering & Anderson, Bell- 
street 
Sanderson G. Limekiln Shore 
Stewai't D. Low Lights 
Stobbs R. & R. Milburn-pl 
Thoburn & Grant,Coble-dean 

Bookbinders 
Ditchburn G. Camden-lane 
Phillipson & Hare, Tyne-st 
Reid W. G. 29, Union-street 
Tulloch J. G. 13, Tyne-street 
Walker G. 12, Tyne-street 
Watson W. 47, C'live-street 

Booksellers & Stationers 
Marked * are also Printers. 

Cro wBen jamin (printer only ) , 

19^, CUve-street 
Hall J. 8, Camden-street 

* Harrison R. & nautical 

chart seller, 44, Tyne-st. 
and 1, Dockwray-square 

* Henderson R. 4, Church - 

way 

* Orange W, & nautical chart 
seller, 4, Bedford-street 

* Philipson & Hare, 7, Tyne- 

street & at Newcastle 
Sharp B. W. 48, Tyne street 
Sutherland W. Bedford st 

and New Quay 



* Walker G. & nautical chart 

seller, 12, Tyne-street 
Watson W. 47, Chve-street 

Boot & Shoemakers 

Aird J. 35, Beacon-street 
Aird T, 25, Linskill-street 
Angus T. 50, Church-way 
Black J. Pearson's-row 
Brown A. Bedford-street 
Brown J. 18, Tyne-street 
Campbell B.^iddell-street 
Carr T. F. Waterville-terrace 
Cockburn Alfred, Clive-st 
Common J. Nile-street 
Cooke N. Tyne-street 
Coxon W. Church-way 
Douglass & Son, & doggers, 

Bull-ring 
Douthwaite G. 2, Union-st 
Forster J.Percy-street, Tyne- 

mouth 
Fothergill T. Beacon-street 
Gustard W. Duke-street 
Hall G. 22, Union-street 
Hall J. 38, Camden-street 
Hislop G. 7, Bedford street 
Hogarth J. Liddell-street 
Hudson T. Low Lights -stairs 
Jackson R. D. Albion-street 
Lenney T. Camden-street 
McCallA. Percy-street,Tyne- 

mouth 
Nicholson J. Wooden Bridge 
Nott S. Lower Pearson-st 
Potter J. Clive-street 
Robson M. 15, Bull-ring 
Sanderson R. 2, Bedford-st 
Scorfield W. 28, Tyne-street 
Smith A. 40, Tyne-sti^eet 
Southern John & Son, Bell- 

sti'eet 
Stephenson G. Brunswick- 
place 
Storey W. Caraden-lane 
Thompson H. 1, George st 
Ward H. Low Lights-stairs 

Boot & Shoe Dealers 

Dearness Jane, Tyne street 
Moffoot Eleanor, 42, Tyne-st 
Patterson J. Union-sti-eet 

Brass Founders & Finishers 

Charlton & Carr, Tyne-st 
Harrison J. Dotwick street 



506 



CASTLE WARD EAST DR^ISION. 



Brass Founders, &Q.~ConUncl. 
Pow & Favvens, Bullring, 

Bell-street & Eeed-street 
Eamsay C. & coppersmith, 

Potwick-street 

Brewers 

Marked * are also Malsters. 

* Allison W. H. & Co. Duke- 

street 

* Bartleraan and Criglitons, 

Bull-ring &4Slive-street 
Call Geo. Allotment Brewery, 

The Allotment 
*Carr, Ormston & Carr, Low 

Lights 

* Davison & Son, Monk- 
seaton Brewery 

Falconar J. B. Howden 
Glover John, Clive-street 

Brev/ery, Clive-street 
Harbutt T. Toll-square 
Thornborrow J. Clive-street 
Wascoe G. Bell- street 

Brick Manufacturer 
Dobson John, and tile, Percy- 
banks 

Brokers— Ship and Insurance 

Marked* are also Merchants 
Aisbitt T. 0. Dockwray-sq 
Armstrong J. 68, Church- 
street, and 12, Tyne-street 
Boldeman, Berries & Co. 

Bell-street 
Brightraan H. A. New Quay 
Clark G. H. &C0.8, Tyne-st 
Cookson T. Q, Church-street 
Dale P. & Co. Howard-street 
Dobinson G. L. & Co. 4, 

Tyne- street 
i'rench J. jun. New Quay 
Trend Thomas W.8,Percy-ter 
Greenhow C. H. 27, Tyne-st 
Jenkins C. M, Howard-street 
Lotinga Calmer, 14, Toll- 
square, and at Newcastle 
Lowrey J. D. New Quay 
Mattaire J. Lamb's Quay 
PeartR. receiver of Admiral- 
ty Droits, Howard-street 
Popplewell Pv.itCo, NewQuay 
Shotton E. & Co. Tyne-st 

* Thompson and Co. Lish- 

luan's Quay 



Wait J. & J. Tyne-street 

Builders and Joiners 

Allon J. C. Linskill-street 

Brand & Mouat, and contrac- 
tors, George-street 

Dawson T. 1, ToU-square 

Foot C. Preston 

Hornsby G. and contractor, 
74, Upper Stephenson-st 

Hornsby T. N. Charlotte-st 

Hunter Taylor S. and con- 
tractor, Cullercoats 

Hunter R.Wellington-street ; 
ho. Preston 

Mould N. &R. P. Bird-street 

Place J. and ornamental 
stonemason,62, Church-wy 

Robson I. R. contractor and 
ornamental stonemason, 
Hudson-street 

Robson J. & M. 80, Church- 
way 

Rutter & Towns, and con- 
tractors. Union-lane 

Rutherford J. Church-way 

Spence R. Bedford-street,and 
Saville-street 

Stewart T. D. 22, Linskill- 
street 

TaylorYfilliam,Percy-square, 
Tynemouth 

Wight & Allen, King-street 

Younger John, & contractor. 
King- street 

Yeeles W. Albion-street 

Butchers 

Appleton H. Low Pearson-st 
Armstrong George, Clive-st 
Armstrong W.Norfolk-street 
Ainsley G. 30, Duke-street, & 

at Middle-street 
Baker Jacob, pork, Clive-st 
BengallJ. 17, Bull-ring 
Boom T. Clive-street 
Bullock. T. Camden-street 
Burn R. North-street and 

Duke-street 
Burn T. 4, Hudson-street 
Burn Robert, jun. Clive-st 
Burns G. Upper Pearson-st 
Carr W. Low Lights 
Charlton J. Dotwick street 
Coates W. Upper Pearson-st 
Craggs W. Dotwick-street 



Cuthbert J. Middle-street, 

Tynemouth 
Cuthbertson G. Linskill-st 
Davison T. Charlotte-street 

and at Tynemouth 
Davison W. Liddell- street 
Dawson E. 27, Tyne-street 
Dunn J. & Sons, Clive-street 

and Tynemouth 
Fei-guson T. Church-way 
Fidler R. Bedford-street 
Fish J. Charlotte -street 
Fitzmaurice F. T. Bedford-st 
Forster W. Clive-street 
Gibson J. 43, Tyne-street 

and 63, Clive-street 
Glaholm Wm. Bull-ring 
Hadaway T. D. 47, Tyne-st 
Haggerston J. K. Norfolk-st 
Haggerston J. Church-way 
Hay R". 47, Liddell -street 
HewisonR. UpperPearson-st 
Hindmarsh John, Middle- 
street, Tynemouth 
Hindmarsh Ann, Duke-st 
Humble J. Clive-street 
Kay R. S. Church-way 
Knott W. Chm-ch-way 
Leslie T. Bird-street and at 

Monkseaton 
Lesslie Thomas, Preston 
Longstaff W. Bedford-street 
Lyall H. Charlotte-street 
McLellan J. 52, Bell street 
Morrison Robert,Duke-street 
IMorton R. Clive-street 
Motley T. 42, Duke-street 
Patterson W. Linskill-street 
Purves G. B. Tyne-street 
Purvis G. 25, Union-street 
Rogers J. Clive-street 
Rossiter J. Bird-street 
Simpson W. Stephenson-st 
Smith John W. Bell-street 
Stobbs J. 70, Clive-street 
Stothard J. Bedford-street 
SwanE. K.'&R. 3, Clive-st 
Swan M. Welhngton-st 
Thompson Mary,32,Union-st 
Thornton W. Nile- street 
Turnbull R. B. Union-street 
TynemoutliT.Collingwood-st 
Whitfield J. The Allotment 
"Wilson Catherine, Tyne-st 
Wood J. George-street 
Wright J. T. Clive-street 
Younger B. Stephenson-st 



BOROUGH OF TTNEMOUTH CLASSIFIED DIEECTOET. 



50T 



Cabinet Makers and Joiners 

See also Builders & Joiners 
Mai'ked * are also Furniture Bks 
„ t are also Upholsterers 
Adams Gr. Library -bank,Foot 

of Howard-street 
Atkin E. Queen-street 
+ Buckliam J. Saville-street 
Chapman H. Dotwick-street 
Charlton T. 3, Albion-street 
Dawson T. 1, Toll-square 
Embleton W. Knott's-lane, 

Tjne-street 
Foot C. Preston 
Forrest J. S. Eopeiy-bank 
Graham John, 30,Camden-st 
GreenweU W. 9, Linskill-st 
Hepple J. 62, Chui'ch-street 
Inness C. Camden-lane 
Johnson H.-il,Stephenson-st 
Lambert "W. Bolton's-yard 
Landells J. Cam den-street 
Lawrenson Charles, Char- 

lotte.street 

* Lyall G. Tyne-street 

* Moore J. Dockwray-square 
Mould N. & E. P. Bird-street 
+Nicholson "W. Eopery-bank 
Nicholson and Forest, Nor- 
folk-street 

Bae J. Liddell-street 
Eedpath J. 73, Bedford-street 
Benton D. 66, Bedford-street 
Bobinson J. Percy - street, 

Tynemouth 
Butter J. Preston 
Butter & Tovms, 6, Union-ln 
Butherford E. Church-way 
Scott D. 63, Church-way 
+Smith J. Howard-street 
Spence E. Bedford-street and 

Saville-street 

* Straker J. Tyne-street 

+ Stewart Gr. H. 7, Saville-st 
Stuart J. W. 55, Church-st 
Taylor C. 5, Bedford-lane 
TaylorWillianijPercy square, 

Tynemouth 
White & Lambert,Eopery-bk 

Canvas Manufacturers 
Brown W. Clive-street 
Longstaff AVm. Camden-st 
Middleton T. & Co. mer- 
chants, Liddell street 

Carvers and Gilders 
Johnson F. 9, Union-lane 



Massey T. S. Linskill-street 
Westgarlh J. 59, Stephen- 
son-street 

Cartwrights 

Foot Charles, Preston 
Peacock John, Preston 
Davidson Geo. Monkseaton 
Butter James, Preston 
Short John, Stephenson-st 

Chain Tand Chain Cable 
Manufacturers 

Black J. Union-road 
ElHs J. & Co. Bell-street 
Pow & Fav,cus, Bell-street, 

Eeed-street, and Bullring 
Tyzack, Whiteley, and Co. 

Low Lights and Bell-street 
Walker W. & Co. White- 

hill Point 

Chemists and Druggists 

Bailey J. 56, Front-street, 

Tynemouth 
Btu-n T. North-street 
Corder 0. Tyne-street 
Day B. 29, Union-street 
Dakers W. 10,Dotwick-street 
Douglass T. 68, Bedford-st 
Edington J. S. 19, Char- 
lotte-street 
EUiot E. W. Bull-ring 
Forth E. wholesale colour 
manufacturer, Chve -street 
Frater George, 37, Tyne-st 
Gibson T. New Quay 
Harrison H. Duke street 
Hunter T. Duke-street 
Mease S. & Son, Tyne-street 
Bobinson J. C. 36, Clive-st 
Smith W. 2, Church-street 
Swan T. 20, Wellington-st 
Taylor W. J. 14, Tyne-street 

and I, Norfolk-street 
Williamson G. 18, Union-st 
Wingrave John, Tyne-street 
Wilson E.H.21,WestPercy-st 

China Glass, & Earthenware 
Bealers 

Burrell W. Ciive- street 
Chater E. Clive-street 
Dawson A. Tyne-street 
Turnbull E. Bell-street 
Westcroft J. New Quay 
Wilson J. Duke-sti-eet 



Coach Proprietors 

Hutchinson J. Percy Arms, 

Tynemouth 
Weatherilt W. Raihvay Inn, 

Little Bedford-street 
Wight W. C. Albion-st 

Confectioners 
See also Fruiterers 
Blyton J. Tyne street 
Harper G. Duke-street 
Lonstaff E. Albion-street 
Miller John, Clive-street 
Moifoot E. Camden-street 
Monkman T. 15, Church-st 
Morrison Margt. 26, Tyne-st 
Bamsay W. 42, Tyne-street 
Smith J. Tynemouth 
Wilkinson J. Bedford-street 

Consuls— Vice 

Austria — H. A. Brightman, 

New Quay 
Danish — B. Popplewell, 

New Quay 
France — J. Avrillaud, agent 

for the consul at Newcastle, 

§ , Cobourg-place 
OttomanEmpire — Thompson 

and Co. Lishman's-quay 
Portugal — G. L. Dobinson & 

Co. 4, Tyne-street 
Prussia — John Fawcus, 

Bell-street 
Russia — Thompson and Co. 

Lishman's Quay 
Sicily — J. W. Fenwick, 6, 

Tyne-street 
Sweden and Norway — Bolde- 

man Berries, and Co. 

Bell-street 

Coopers 
Gockburn J. Liddell-street 
Dawson C. 11, Bell-street 
Elsdon J. Bedford-street 
Hewison F. Dotwick-street 
McLellan J. 52, Bell-st 
Oliver J. Clive-street 

Curriers and Leather 
Merchants 
Heron T. 15, Saville-street 
Mendelson ct Wolfson, 32. 

Church-street 
French George, Union-st 



508 



CASTLE WAEt) — feAST DITlSIOif. 



Owen & Sons, 19, Union-st 
Thompsou T. 28, Duke-st 
Stoddart M. A, 6, and 7, 
Collingwood-street 

Drapers— Linen and ooUen 
Marked * are Outfitters 
" t are Tailors 

Arras John, Albion-street 
Atkinson M. Howard-street 
Collinson J. and Son, 29, 

Tyne-street 
Collinson S. 28, Union-st 
Fothergill G. 9, Tyne-street 
Green J. Uuion-street 
*f Bedley J. 7, Howard-street 

and eS4, Uaiou-street 
*+Hi]] D. and Sons, 26, 

Union-street, and 8, How- 
ard-street 
Hodgson John, and mercer, 

29, A[arket-place, South 

Shields 
Honeyman J. 33, Tyne-st 
Jameson H. A. East-street, 

Milburn-place 
Kerr S. Albion-street 
McCuUagh P. 61, Bedford-st 
PhiUpson & Co. 14 and 16, 

Tyne-street 
SmithT.Front-st.Tynemouth 
*+Spence J. Dotwick-st and 

Collingwood-street 
fSpence J.F. & J. Howard-st 

Dyers 
CoUyer B.J.7, Stephenson-st 

and at Newcastle 
Coulson G. F. Linskill-st 
Foster Elizh, Bedford-st 
Grieves A. Stephenson-st 

Eating Houses 

Jennings J. P. 8, Clive-street 
Sharp W. Clive-street 
Waugh Maria, 96, Bedford-st 

Engineers and Engine 
Builders 

Almond J. P. King-street, 

and Union-road 
Conley J. Duke-street 
Milburn W. Mount Pleasant 
Hepple & Landells, Mount 

Pleasant 
Scott W, and millwright, 

Mount Pleasant 



Engravers, and Copperplate, 
and Lithographic Printers 

King J. 9, Caraden-street 
Tulloch J. G. 13, Tyne-st 

Farmers in Chirton 
Township 

Bell Thos. Shire Moor 
Barker Thos. B, Chirton-hill 
Chicken Geo. East Howden 
Fenwick John, Havhole 
Hall Joseph, Billy "Mill 
Herdman Thomas, Chir- 
ton-hill 
Hope Snrtees, Hawkey'sHall 
Johnson Michael, High Flat- 
worth 
Peacock Thos West Chirton 
Potts Henry, Chirton 
Robinson Ralph, Prospect-hl 
Sisterson John 
Turner William, Lower Flat- 
worth 
Walker William, Ridges 

Farm 
Wardle Matthew & Son 
Watson Robert,Chirton-dean 
Weldon Anthy. EastHowden 

Farmers in Preston Township 

Brown John 

Brown Thomas 

Fenwick John 

Fenwick Joseph 

Fen^^ick Wilham 

Lilburn James 

Potts Henry 

Potts John, Preston White 

House 
Potts Thomas # 
Ramsay George 
Robinson Ralph, Prospect-hl 

Farmers in Tynemouth 
Township 

Davison George 

Dunn Anthony and Henry, 

Monk-house 
Gibson James 
Hogg Thomas & Son 
Nelless George 
Scott Thomas & Sons 
Swindle William & Sons 
Potts Henry, Manor Farm 
Wallace William 
Wenter George and Sons, 

Tynemouth Link-house 



Farriers 

DixonB.Knott's-lane,Tyne-st 
Gallon P. Collingwood-st 

Forgemen 

Pow & Fawcus, Bull-ring, 
Reed-street and Bell-st 

Tyzack, Whiteley, and Co. 
Low Lights 

Walker & Co.WhitehillPoint 

Fruiterers 

See also Confectioners 
Bowman Margaret Ann, 38, 

Tyne-street 
Case D. New Quay 
Di'ummond D. New Quay 
Drnniraf)nd G. New Quay 
Ellison J. New Quay 
Martin H. 65, Chve-street 
Moore Robert, Linskill-st 
Nichols W. New Quay ; 

Patterson Ann, Tyne-striBet' ; 
Riggs R. New Quay 
Stout M. New Quay 

Furniture Brokers 

See a/so Cabinet Makers, 
and also Cabinet Makers 
and Joiners 
Charlton J. 22, Bedford-st 
Coffton J. Bedford-street 
Davidson J. 21,Wellington-st 
Graham John, 30,Caraden-st 
Heal J. Church-way 
Herdman E, Linskill-street 
Keeble W. Upper Pearson-st 
Lawson J. Duke-street 
Moore J. 42, Dockwray-sq 
Mordue W. Bedford-street 

Game Dealers and Poulterers 

Bowman Margaret Ann, 38, 

Tyne-street 
Drummond G. New Quay 
Taylor J. (poulterer only), 

Saville-street 
WiUits T. Tyne-street 

Gardeners— Market 
Alexander A. Albion-street 
Charlton Ehzabeth, Chirton 
Hogg T. F. Preston-lane 
Jamieson J. Milton - lane, 

Chirton 
Malcolm P. 18, Russell-st 
Miller J. Preston-lane 



BOROUGH OF TYNBMOUTH CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY. 



509 



Gardeners— Co72<m?<e<i. 
"Morris J. Reed-street 
Morris J. Preston 
Smith J, Preston-lane 
SwindellW. Church-street 
Turner James, Preston 

Grocers and Tea Dealers 

See also Grocery, Flour, and 

- General Dealers. 

Affleck W. North-street 
Armstrong J. L. Union-st 
Baynes G. & Co. 5, Bedford-st 
Briggs Thomas, 15, Tyne-st 
CoHins Ealph, fi9, CHve-st 
Crow T. 59, Bedford-street 
Dawson J. C. Dotwick-street 
Day Piichard, 29, Union-st 
Dennison E. 54, Stephenson- 

street 
Detchon 0. 3, Union street 
Dunn W. 48, Church-street 
Dunn W. Howard-sti'eet 
Edington J. S. 19,Charlotte-st 
Elliot R. W. Bull-ring 
Ewart R. 31, Tyne-street 
Fen wick & Son, '23, Bell-st 
Foster G. Stephenson-street 
Frater G. Tyne-street 
Gibson T. New Quay 
Hall G. Bull-ring 
HaiTison H. 39, Duke-street 
Humble P. 3, Union-street 
Isbister W. Bell-street 
Kins J. Preston 
Milbuvn G.& W. 37,Liddell-st 
Morton R. L. Tyne-street 
Ohver E. E. 50, Tyne-street 
Pigg R. Tynemouth 
Purvis I. Camden-street 
Reid J. Tyne-street 
Rabson Frances, ColHng- 

wood-street 
Robinson J. C. 36, Clive-st 
Rowntree J. & Co. 4, Clive-st 
Simpson E. Billy Mill-lane 
Sims R. 48, Tyne-street 
Smith J.Fri 'nt-st.Tynemouth 
Tayl-.r E. 10, Tyne-street 
Theakston Gbas. 34, Tyne-st 
Turpie A. Duke-street 
Vickerson W. F. Clive-street 
Watson M. II, Union-street 
Whittle J. L. Little Bedford st 
Wilson R. H. '21,Percy-st 
Wood C. 36, Sidney-sti-eet 



Grocery, Flour, and General 
Dealers 

Anderson W. Charlotte-st 
Arkell Ehzabetb, Middle-st 
Aikley J, 2, Dotwick-street 
Armer R. Percy-st. Tynemth 
Bolton R. 4, Bird-street 
Brown J. Church-way 
Brown J. 13, Clive-street 
Burn T. North-street 
Butler C. Clive-street 
Carnaby W. Nelson-street 
Carr E. Percy-st. Tynemouth 
Carr W. Low Lights 
Carrs T. Norfolk-street 
Charlton Ann, Liuskill-street 
Charlton Ann, Tyne-street 
CoUedge N. East Howden 
Cooper J. Middle-street 
Crow T. 59, Bedfoixl-street 
Cutty G. A. Bird-street 
Davie Margt. Colhngwood-st 
Dennison R. 54, Stephen- 
son-street 
Dixon J. The Allotment 
Dixon R. Low Lights 
Embleton T. Percy-street, 

Tynemouth 
FairweatherIsabella,26,West 

Percj'-street 
Fenwick Elizb. Dotwick-st 
Forbes W. Church -way 
Graham J Bell-street 
Graham Margaret,Bedford-st 
Haddaway Isabella, 13, Cam- 
den-street 
Hall J. Front-st. Tynemouth 
Hall J. Stephenson-street 
Hall James, Cliirton 
Hall J. Liddell-street 
Harper B. Bell-street 
Harrison H. Church -way 
Hedley J. T. Middle-street 
Hunter Taylor S. Cullercoats 
John Sarah, Linskill street 
Jones M. Bull-ring 
Kennedy Isabella, North-st 
Lamb Jolm 8, Bedford -street 
Lodge G. 42, Cliurch-way 
Lowthian R. Little Bedford st 
Lucas Dinah, 59, Clive-street 
Mather F. Charlotte street 
Mother R. Bird-street 
Miller R. Sidney-street 
Miller W. 38, Bell-street 
Moore R. Linskill-street 
Murray W. Collingwood-st 



Nicholson J. Middle-street 
Noble Isabella, Preston 
Ord T. Queen-street 
Paton J. 1, Bird -street 
Pearson J. Middle-street 
Prior J. Union-street 
Proctor Thos. Linskill-street 
Purvis J. D. Clive-street 
Rae J. Liddell-street 
Ramshaw G. Percy-street, 

Tynemouth 
Richardson J. Queen-street 
Richardson T. Church-way 
Robinson P. Tynemouth 
Robinson T. Wooden Bridge 
Robinson T, Dotwick-street 
Robson J. 2, Hudson-street 
Robson T. 28, Bird-street 
Rodham Ann, 12, Clive-st 
Scott H. Liddell-street 
Scott T. Sidney- street 
Smith Jane, Chirton 
Sn)ith J. Charlotte-street 
Smith J. 114, Bedford-street 
Smith J. Tyne-street 
Shearer W. 28, Camden-st 
Spain J. & W. 55, Front-st. 

Tynemouth 
Spence W. Middle-street 
Stephenson Eliza, Liddell-st 
Stephenson H. R. Bedford-st 
Stephenson W. Brunswick-pl 
Stewart J. North-street 
Storer Mary, Bedford-street 
Storey Jane, 21, Camden-st 
Thrift Mary, Camden-street 
Towell W. George-street 
Tulpie Agnes, Duke-street 
TurnbuU R. Nile-street 
Venus Robert, Linskill-street 
Venus W, 31, Stephenson-st 
Wake R. '(), Charlotte-street 
Watson C. Church-street 
Watson W. George- street 
Westgarth James, 59, Ste 

ph en son -street 
Whitfield J. 23, Church-way 
Wilson H. Duke street 
Wood C. 36, Sidney-street 
Wright G. Bird-street 

Hairdressers and Perfumers 

Bartlett J. Dotwick street 
Bowman S. Clive-street 
Brewster G. R. Church- st 
Bryan W. Front-street, Tyne- 
mouth 



510 



CASTLE WARD— EAST DIVISION. 



Hairdressers and Perumers 

Contimied. 
Codling K. 13, Duke-street 
Davison P. 43, Tyne-street 
Eskdale J. Russell-street 
Holmes Gr. 7, Clive-street 
Kelday W. Tyne-street 
McPhail J. 16, Saville-street 
Muckel A. Saville-street 
Stubbs J". 34, Bell-street 
Sutherland ^\Vm. New Quay 
Thursby P. Union-road 
Turnbull James, Liddell-st; 
ho. Bedford-street 

Hatters 
Campbell E. & Sons, manu- 
facturers, Market-j)lace, 
South Shields 



Hedley J. 7, Howard-street, 

and 34, Union- street 
Lilley T. 16, Linskill-street 
Pearson T. Bedford-street 
Spence J. F. & J, Howard- 
street 
Spence J. Dotwick-street 
Steven James, Union-street 
Storey G-. En ott's-lane, Tyne- 
street 
Win grave W. manufacturer, 

36, Union-street 
Woodmass E. 7, Union-street 

Hosiers and Haberdashers 

See also Drapers, 

Bolam Elizabeth, Bedford- 
street 



Cay Barbara, 44, Camden-st 
Dearness Jane, Tyne-street 
Downes C. 14, Union-street 
Drury E. V\\ 19, Tyne-street 
Forrest T. 72, Clive street 
Frost J. 25, Tyne-street, and 

55, CHve-street 
Fothergill G. Tyne-street 
Hedley J. 34, Union-street, 

and 7, Howard-street 
Jameson H. A. 6, East-street 
Patterson J, Union-street 
Pringle E. 35, Union-street 
Eoddam Ann, 12, Clive-street 
Eowntree J. 34, Clive-street 
Sldllett W. 49, Church-way 
Wingrave TV. 36, Union-st 
Young Charlotte, Tyne-sti'eet 



INNS, HOTELS, AND PUBLIC HOUSES. 

See also Beerhouses. 



Admiral Nelson, E. Derry, Liddell-street 
Albion, John Dalton, Norfolk street 
Almvick Castle, J. Sproat, 22, Church-way 
Anclior, E. Strong, Duke-street 
Bambrough Castle, J. Dawson, Preston 
Bath Hotel, W. Beaumont, Tynemouth 
Bay Horse, G-. Pringle, Duke-street 
Bay Horse, A. Knox, Bay Horse Quay, 

Clive-street 
Bee Hive, Mary Whale, Dotwick-street 
Black Bull, W. Graham, 22, Liddell-street 
Blue Bell, J. Cowell, Bell-street 
Borough Arms, E.M, Taylor, 01, Camden-st 
Brewers' Anns, W. Alexander, Beacon-st 
Brown Coiv, W. Y/allace, High Flatworth 
Bull Ring, Ehzabeth Bell, Bull-ring 
Burdon Arms, G. Strong, Dotwick-street 
Burns Tavern, G. Stewart, Broad Quay 
Cannon, J. Dobson, Chirton Hill 
Centurion Arms,'S. Jackson, Collingwood-st 
Clock Vaults, T. J. Harbutt, Toll-squai-e 
Coble, J. Eutherford, 33, Bell street 
Colonel Linskill, W. Storey, Charlotte-st 
Commercial Hotel, Jno. Shotton, Howard-st 
Collingwood Arms, E. Sisterson, Chirton 
Corporation ^rws, Alice Allen, Wellington-st 
Crane House, T. Stewart, Duke-street 
Crescent Tavern, J. Cresswell, Hudson-st 
Crown, J. McCallum, 19, Camden-street 
Croion, Thomas Johnson, Clive-street 
Crown and Anchor^ M. Gill, Clive-street 



Croion and Cushion, M.A.Harris, Liddell-st 
Crown and Sceptre, G. W. Hunter, 29, Ste- 

phenson-street 
Croivn and Thistle, J. Christie, Duke -street 
Cur.iberland Arras, J. Eogers, Front-street, 

Tynemouth 
Cumberland House, M. A. Hogg, Liddell-st 
Custom House, T. Kenlish, Bell-street 

— Dixon W. Tyne-street 
Dock, P. Gallon, Bull-ring 

Dock Hotel, A. Wright, Liddell-street 
Dock House, J. Freeman, Dotwick-street 
Dolphin, John Forster, Spittal-hill, Tyne- 
mouth 
Dulie of Bedford, A. Shotton, Bedford-st 
Duke of Sussex, E. Sutherland, 80, Church-st 
Duke of Wellington, J. Macintosh, 55, 

Church-way 
Duke of Wellington, E. Golightly, East 

Howden 
Duke of York, J. Nicholson, King-street 
Eagle, ^V. Coates, Upper Pearson-street 
Earl Grey, J. Ward, Hudson- street 
Earl Grey, E. Byram, Linskill-street 
Edinburgh Castle, J. Mcguire, Bell-street 

— Elgie Ann, Collin gwood-street 
English d' French Flag, J. Bradford, Bell-st 
Essex Arms, J. Simpson, 2, Duke-street 
Fox Hunter Inn, Thomas Lesshe, Preston 

— Gallon Georgiana, Chve-street 
Garrick's Head, Jane Kingston, Saville-st 



1 



BOROUGH OF TTNEMOUTH CLASSIFIED DIEECTORY. 



511 



George Tavern, W. Coxon, King-street 
Gibraltar Eock, M. Bell, Tynemouth 
Globe, E. Bell, Clive-street 
Globe, .Jane Emery, Bell-street 
Golden Fleece, T. Eobson, New Quay 
Golden Lion, E. B. Turnbull, Church-way 
Grey Horse, J. Peck, Grey-horse Quay 
Granby Hotel, Gr. Hall, Church-street 
Greyliound, W. Bell, Chm^ch-street 
Green Man, Edward Downes, Liddell-street 
Half Moon, W. Carr, Low Lights 
Hibernian Tavern, M. Derigh, Bell-street 
Highlander, C, Gibson, Union road 
Highlander, J. Hall, Liddell-street 
Hopewell Pit, J. Hindmarsh, Chirton 
Hope and Anchor, John Armstrong, Bell-st 
Hope and Anchor, J. Wood, Low Lights 
Hope Inn, G. Yeeles, Norfolk-street 
Hylton Castle, J. Caslow, Dotwick-street 
Industry, Thomas Kay, Coble-dean 

— Jackson E, D. Albion-street 
Jerusalem Coffee House, J. H. Syhenga, 

Clive-street 
Jenny Lind, E. Turnbull, East Howdeu 
John Bull, J. Birkett, Churcli-street 
King William IV. J. Maxwell, Brunswick-pl 
King's Head, A. Wilson, Clive-street 
King's Head, Mary Sawers, Church-street 

— Lamb H. 33, Clive-street 

Lamb Inn, T. Mankin, Dotwick-street 
Londonderry Arms, John Glover, Clive-st 
Lord Brougham, Jane Wilson, Middle-st 
Lord Byron, E. Stote, Stephenson-street 
Lord Collingivood, W. Watson, Union-road 
LordNelson,Geo. Pritchard, 32, Camden-st 
Loio Lights, T. Eeed, Low Lights 
Lumper^ s Arms, J. Eutter, Lishman's Quay 
Magpie, T. Wright, Coble-dean 
Marquis of Granby, G. Hall, Church-street 
Mason^s Arms, Isabella Errington, Stephen- 
son-street 
Meters Arms, J. Gledston, Queen-street 
Nag's Head, George Hobbs, Bell-street 
Newcastle Arms, G. Dobson, Clive-street 
Newcastle Arms, Wm. Minto, Union-road 
New Docks, Joseph Ostens, North-street 
Neio Phoenix, Eobt, Cuthbertson, Bedford-st 
Norfolk Arms, W. Armstrong, Norfolk-st 
North Star, J. Hedley, Bell-street 
Northumberland Arms, Isabella Whitfield, 

New Quay 
Northumberland Hotel, W. Campbell, Bed- 
ford-street 
Northumberland Arms, George Call, The 

Allotment 
Northumheiiand Arms, C. Watson, Percy- 
square, Tynemouth 



Oak, Isaiah Armstrong, Charlotte-street 
Old Black Lion, Alexander Main, Clive-st 
Old Post Office, A. Dodds, Tyne-street 
Old Shakspeare, Joseph Watson, Clive-st 
Ordnance Arms, W.E. Eobson, Castle-yard, 

Tynemouth 
Percy Arms, G. Park, 38, West Percy-street 
Percy Arms, W. Bengali, Whitehiil Point 
Percy Arms, John Coxon, Clive-street 
Percy Arms, John Hutchinson, Front- street, 

Tynemouth 
Percy Arms, T. Bowman, Percy-main 
Phoenix, Isabella Blacklock, Duke-street 
Plicenix Tavern, Eleanor Hunter, 70, Bed- 
ford-street 
Pine Apple,^ . Henderson, King-street and 

George-street 
Pine Apple, Ehzabeth Cborlton, Chirton 
Post Boy, G. Haddon, Stephenson-street 
Priory, P. Cowej^, Bank-top, Tynemouth 
Prince Albert, J. Porteus, East Howden 
Prince of Wales, Jane Elliott, Union-street 
Princess of Wales, H. Patterson, Liddell-st 
Push and Pull, W. B. Coulthard, 3, Bed- 
ford-street 
Queen's Head, Ann Tulloch, Low Lights 
Queen'' s Head, W. Cummin gs Wight, 

Albion-street 
Baffled Anchor, John Adams, Swan's Quay 
Eaihvay, W. Weatherilt, Little Bedford-st 
Raihvay Hotel, George Eobson, Little Bed- 
ford-street 
Regatta Tavern, J. Howey, Tyne-street 
Rising Sun, John Tempest, Beacon-street 
Rising Sun, T. Brown, Brunswick-place 
Robin Hood, G. Watkin, Beacon-street 
Robin Hood, M. Storey, Chirton 
Rob Roy, John Liddell, Clive-street 
Rose, R. Lee, Mount Pleasant 
Royal Arms, Andrew Turnbull, Nile-street 
Royal Oak, William Young, Bell-street 
Royal Hotel, James Anderson, Tynemouth 
Rose of Allendale, Ellen Ferguson, T; ue- 

mouth 
Rose and Crown, Chas. Theakston, Tyne-st 
Saddle, A. Irwin, 7, Norfolk-street 
Salmon, J. Bulman, North-street 
Salutation, Titus Howett, Front-sti'eet, 

Tynemouth 
Saioyer's Arms, Mary Ann Drury, Liddell-st 
Seven Stars, N. Mould, 1, Bell-street 
Seven Stars, W. N. Clark, 1, Wooden Brdg. 
Seven Stars, H. Whitfield, Percy-street, 

Tynemouth 
— Jane Scott, Clive-street 
Shades, J. Weatherston, Howai'd-street 
Shepherdess^ Mary Goodlellow, AnchorQuay 



512 



CASTLE WARD— EAST DIVJSION. 



Shaksjjeare Tavern, John Frazier, Howard 

street 
Ship, J. Pycroft, Bell-street 
Ship, W. H. Pearson, 24, Middle street 
Ship Launch, J. Bell, Low Lights 
Ship and Whale, George Brown, Bell-street 
Shipiorights' Arms, W. Wilkinson, Church- 
way 
Shipwrights^ Arms, K. Elstob, Tynemouth 
Staith House, W. Mordue, Low Lights 
Staith House, J. Elliott, East Howden 
Spring Gardens, J. Grey, Albion-street 
Sir William Wallace, J. Ward, Clive-street 
Sportsman, E. Nicholson, Preston 
Star, Wilham Coates, 4, Wellington street 
Star and Garter, C. E.TuUoch, 26, Chve-st 
Star and Garter, Mary McGregor, Front- 
street, Tynemonth 
Starling, Elizabeth Dowej', Milburn-place 
Steam Ferry House, J. Atkinson, New Quay 
Steam Mill, J. Beagle, Mount Pleasant 
Stone House, A. Tully, Clive-street 
Sunderland Bridge, W. Mitcheson, Clive-st 
Sussex Arms, W. Hammond, Duke-street 
Swedish Arms, T Groat, Bell-street 
Terrace Inn, T. Mures, East Stephenson-st 
Three Tuns, John Brack, Wooden Bridge 
Tiger, T. Pearson, Bedford-street 



Travellers' Rest, Lewis Dunn, Murton 
Turk's Head, William Moore, Duke-street 
Turk's Head, W. Walker, Linskill-street 
Turk's Head, Isabella Hornsby, Tynemouth 
Tynemonth Castle, Richard Thompson, 42, 

Church-street 
Tynemouth Lodge, Wilham Hopper, Tyne- 

mouth-road 
Uncle Tom's Vaults, H. Aynsley, 51, Bed- 
ford-street 
Union, Ehzb. Laidler, Percy-st Tynemouth 
Union Hotel, W, Baylie, Lidd ell-street 
Victoria, Humble Charlton, Clive-street 
Victoria, R, Thompson, East Howden 
Victoria Lin, M. Scott, 100, Church- way 
Vidcan's Arms, R. Dixon, Dotwick-street 
Waggon, A. Penman, Low Lights 
Waggon, J. Riddell, Mount Pleasant 
Waterloo, E. Byron, 13, Clive-street 
Waterloo, W. Bell, Bedford-street 
— Watts A. H. Clive-street 
Wheat Sheaf, M. A. Stoddart, ColUngwood- 

street 
Wheat Sheaf, E. Arkell, Middle-street 
White Hart, J. Doran, Bedford-street 
William IV. R. U. Clark, Hudson-street 
Woolsington House, J. Wealleans, Mount 
Pleasant 



Beer House Keepers 

Brown James, Northumber- 
land street 
Carnaby W. Nelson-street 
Coffton B. Camden-street 
Cook W. Duke-street 
Doubleday J. Linskill-street 



DennisonHannah, Charlotte- 
street 
Fhnn Ed. 24, West Percy-st 
Fogg E. Percy-street 
Petrie John, Bell-street 
Scott G. Church-way 
Scott T. Upper Pearson st 



Stewart, G. H. 7, Saville-st 
Stonebank Reed, Stephen- 
son-street 
Strong A. South-street 
Varley H. Cullercoats 
Wood John, Clive-street 
Whitfield J. Saville-street 



Insurance Companies 

Alliance A. 1, Marine ; C. 
Hunten, sec. 8, Tyne-st 

Alliance, Life and Fire ; 
W. H. Atkinson, agent, 60, 
Bedford-street 

Anchor, Assurance; T.Jack- 
son, agent, 66, Camden-st 

Atlas, Assurance ; G. F. 
Lowrey, agent, Tyne st 

Britannia, Life , R. Whel- 
don, agent, Norfolk-street 

Britannia, Marine ; R. 
Yfeir, sec. 10, Tyne-st 

Britannia, Freight & Out- 
fit ; R. Weir, secretary, 
10, Tyne-street 



Caledonian,Fire and Life ; 

T. Reed, agent, Dockwray- 

square 
County, Fire ; W. G. Reid, 

Union street 
Crown, Life, John Fen wick, 

Norfolk-street 
Edinburgh, Life ; Lietch & 

Kewney, 31, Howard-street 
Eligible, Marine ; C. 

Hunten, sec. 8, Tyne-st 
Equitable, Marine, 

Freight, & Outfit ; M. 

H. Atkinson, sec. Tyne-st 
Equitable Law Life Assu- 
rance ; J.Wiograve, agent, 

Tyne-street 



Equitable, Marine; M.H. 
Atkinson, sec. Tyne-street 

French & Hamburg Under- 
w^riters and austrian 
Lloyds ; Thompson & Co. 
agents, Lishman's Quay 

General Freight & Out- 
fit, Marine ; J Bulmer, 
sec. 1, Howard street 

General, Life & Fire ; D, 
Hadaway, agt. Bedford-st 

General, Marine ; J. Bul- 
mer, secretary, Howard- 
street 

Guardian, Fire & Life ; A. 
Russell, agent, CoUing- 
wood-street 



BOROUGH OF TYNEMOUTH CLASSIFIED IMEECTORY. 



13 



Insurance Co-* S-- Continued. 
Globe ; E. Kidd, junior, 

agent, 6, Linskill-street 
Hope Caego & Freight, 

Marine ; C. Hunt en, 

secretary, 8, Tyne-street 
H<:>rE Mutual, Life and 

Guarantee ; Peter Young, 

Tyne-street 
Hope Mutual, Life ; T. C. 

Crawford, Norfolk-street 
I3JPERIAL, Fire ; Philipson <fe 

Hare, agents, Tj-ne-street 
Industrial Life & Deposit 

Company; J. K. Pollock, 

31-, Norfolk-street 
Lay>%Fire; Lietcb &Ivewney, 

31, Howard-street 
Lancashire, Life & Fire ; 

W. Baylie, Liddell-street 
Leeds & Yorkshirb,Life & 

Fire ; Pi. Millburn, agent, 

1, Camden-street 
Life Association of Scot- 
land ; T. A. Dodds, agent, 

12, Howard-street 
Liverpool & London, Life 

& Fire ; Thomas Fenwick, 

agent, Norfolk-street 
Manchester Assurance ; J. 

Hume, agt. 15, Camden-st 
LLvRiNE Casuality ; T. E. 

Trotter & Son, Shepherd's 

Quay 
Minerva, Life; C. Hunten, 

agent, 8, Tyne-street 
National Loan Fund,Life ; 

E. Harrison, agt. Tyne-st 
Newcastle, Fire; E.Foster, 

agent, 3 0, Howard-street 
Norwich Union, Fire and 

Life ; C. U. Laws, agent. 

New Quay 
Ocean, Marine ; W. H. At- 
kinson, secretary, 60, Bed- 
ford-street 
Palladium,Life ; Thompson 

& Co. agents, Lishman's 

Quay 
PH(ENrK,LirE ; T. E. Trotter 

& Sou, Sheplierd's Quay 
PiTOiNix, Fire ; E. Shotton 

& Co. Tyne-street 
Professional,Life ;E.Kidd, 

agent, Linskill-street 
Provident, Life ; YV". G. 

Eeid, Union-street 



Eotal Exchange, Fire and 
Life ; E. Popplewell & Co. 
agents. New Quay 

Eoyal Farmers' & General 
Fire & Life ; J. T. B. Tin- 
ley, agent, Dockwray-sq 

Steam Packet, Mutual ; G. 
Brown, sec. New Quay 

Star, Cargo, & Frei&ht 
Marine ; J. Armstrong, 
secretary, 13, Tyne-street 

Sun, Fire & Life; J. Bul- 
mer, agent, Howard-street 

Sun, Fire ; P. A. Dodds, 12, 
Floward-street 

Times, Life & Fire ; J. K. 
Pollock, 34, Norfolk- street 

Tynemouth a 1, Marine ; 
W. H. Atkinson, secretary, 
60, Bedford-street 

Tyne Protecting, Marine ; 
C. Hunten, secretary, 8, 
Tyne-street 

Union, Fire & Life, H. 
Harrison, Duke-street 

Union Insurance Associa- 
tion ; J. Patterson, agent. 
Church -way 

Union, JMarine ; J. Arm- 
strong, sec. 12, Tyne-st 

United Mutual Mining & 
General Life; J. K. Pol- 
lock, agent, 34, Norfolk-st 

Yorkshire, Fire &Life ; G 
H. Clark & Co. Tyne-st 

Iron Founders 

Harrison J. Dotwick-street 
Milburn W. Mount Pleasant 
Pow & Fawcus, Bell-st. Eeed- 

street, & Bull-ring 
Tyzack, Whiteley, & Co. Low 

Lights and Bell-street 
Walker, Brothers, Colling- 

wood-street 
Walker W. & Co. WhitehiU 

Point 

Ironmongers and Hardware- 
men. 

Ellis E. 26, Duke-street 
Gijymer W. & Co. Chve-st 
Matthews T. 44, Liddell-st 
Harbutt T. J. Bedford-sti-eet 
Miller C. 58, Clive-street 
Stoker T. 21, Clive-street 
Si 



Twizell J. & Son, 51 & 52, 
Clive-st. & 6, Tyne-street 
Viney J, New Quay 

Lead Manufacturers 

Cookson W. I. & Co. Hay 
Hole, Howden 

Gossage WiUiam H. Smelt- 
ing Works, Willington 
Quay 

Manufacturing Chemists 

Ogilvie & Son, Magnesia 
Works, Collingwood-street 

Marine Store Bealers 

Anthoney Ann, Grey Horse 

Quay 
Collins T. Grey Horse Quay 
Cramman J. 8, Duke-street 
Derigh M. Liddell-street 
Dixon E. Low Lights 
Dowie J. Duke-street 
Graham G. Camden-lane 
Heaton T. Liddell-street 
Hutchinson Thos. Bell-street 
Kingston Jane, Saville-street 
Marshall G. Charlotte-street 
Mattison G. Bell-street 
McGrigor D. 43, Bell-street 
Mills M. Grey Horse Quay 
Munrow Michael, Liddell-st 
Oxley John, Custom House 

Quay; ho. Eussell-street 
Punshon J. Charlotte street 
Pyves E. Bell-street 
Quail Jane, Limekiln Shore 
Eeed J. 36, Duke-street, and 

Middle-street 
EichardsonE. Blackburn's Qy 
Eichardson G. 21, Liddell-st 
Eichardson W. Grey Horse 

Quay 
Scott Thos. 116, Bedford-st 
Seamann C. H. Lamb's Quay 
Sharp H. Dotwick-street 
Sords W. 17, Bell-street 
Stephenson J. Duke-street 
Stewart W. Liddell-street 
Thompson E. A. Black- 
burn's Quay 
Thompson T.Charlotte-street 
Towns J. Bell, street 
Wall W. L Bell-street 
Wann E. Wooden Biidge 
Wai'd John, 13, Chai'lotte-st 



514 



CASTLE WARD — ^EAST DIVISION. 



Master Mariners 

Adams George, Preston 
Adams T. Preston 
Allen W. Church street 
Anderson J. G-eorge-street 
Anderson E. 23, King- street 
Arkkley J. 4, Smith' s-place 
Armstrong J. 59, Howard-st 
Armstrong J. Linskill-street 
Atkins W. Church-street 
, Austin J. Linskill-street 
Aynsley T. Norfolk-street 
Bain G. 27, North-street 
Bainbridge W. Sidney-st 
Balls W. 65, Howard-street 
Barnsley J. 69, Camden-st 
Barras C. Linskill-street 
Baxter TV. Linskill-street 
Bell G. Howard-street 
Bell G. 6, Middle street 
Bergen E. C. Sidney-street 
Bethune W. 64, Camden-st 
Bevidge J. 38, Chiu'ch-street 
Bilton G. 7, Little Bedford-st 
Black G. George-street 
Black T. 54, Camden-street 
Boag W. East street, Mil- 

hurn-place 
Briggs W. B. Tynemouth 
Brock J. Howard-street 
Broderick J. Linskill-street 
Brodie A. Eopery-hank 
Brodie J. Sidney-street 
Brown E. 74. Camden-street 
Brown E. Sidney-street 
Brown T. 5, Smith's-place 
Brown WilUam, Linskill-st 
Bruce T. Church -way 
Buck F. 45, Howard-street 
Buck J. Norfolk-street 
Buckham E. Linskill-street 
Buloraig S. Linsldll-street 
Burdon T. Norfolk-street 
Burgeon G. Linskill-street 
Burn James, Norfolk-street 
Burton J. 64, Howard-street 
Burton W. 117, Bedford-st 
CambpellW. Toll-square 
Carr E. Mount Pleasant 
Carr W. Camden-street 
Carnaby W. Nelson-street 
Chater G. Norfolk-street 
Chater J. 69, Norfolk-street 
Christie T. 23, Wellington- 
street 
Christie W, Linskill-street 
Clark .T. Noifolk-street 



Clark J. Stephenson-street 
Clark T. Hudson-street 
Clark T. 10, Saville-street 
Clough G. Eussell-street 
Coates G. Linskill-street 
Coates G. 109, Linskill-street 
Cockburn Y\. Nile-street 
CoUedge T. 40, Nile-street 
Cook J. Church-street 
Cooper J. Eussell-street 
Cooper W. 6, Nelson-street 
Corbett ^Y. Linsldll-street 
Coward E. Upper Linskill-st 
Cownes J. Church-street 
Coxon L. Norfolk-street 
Cram G. 3, Walker-j)lace 
Creigh B. 58, Howard-st 
Creigh J. G. Stephenson-st 
Cuthbertson J. Linskill-street 
Dale J. 21, Stephenson-street 
Davey B. Linsldll-street 
Davidson J. Sidney-street 
Davison J. Linskill-street 
Day G. Linskill-street 
Dickson P. Cullercoats 
Dixon C. 73, Norfolk-street 
Dixon J. Bedford- street 
Dixon ^y. Church-way 
Dixon W. Tyne-street 
Dodds E. Water ville-terrace 
Donaldson T. 57, Camden st 
Downie E. 37, Church-street 
Downing W. ISTelson-street 
Driver Thos. Stephenson-st 
Driver E. Linskill-street 
Dunn C. 19, Percy-street 
Dunn J. 30, Camden-street 
Dunn J. Linskill-street 
Dunn E. Howard-street 
Dunn E. Lower Pearson-st 
Dunn E. Linskill-street 
Dunn W. Linskill-street 
Elliot F. Lower Pearson-st 
ElHott J, 6, Nile-street 
Ellis A. Church-way 
ElUson T. 42, Howard-street 
Elsdon E. Upper Pearson-st 
English G. H. Stephenson-st 
EtheringtonJ. Church-street 
Fair E. Nile-street 
Farrow J. Norfolk-street 
Faulkner E. 82, Church-st 
Fell H. Nile-street 
Flett T. Howard-street 
Firney J. 49, Sidney-street 
Fortune W. 13_, George-st 
Frazer Wm. Linskill-street 



Frost J. 68, Norfolk-street 
Fulthorp J. Camden-street 
Gallilee E. A. Nile-street 
Garrick E. Norfolk- street 
Gascoigne E. 31, Nile-street 
Gibson J. Northumberland st 
Gibson J. 29, Stephenson-st 
Gibson J. Linskill-street 
Gibson T. W. 4S, Howard- st 
Gibson W. Wellington-street 
Gibson Wm. Sidney-street 
Graham W. P. 29, Sidney-st 
Graham W. Stephenson-st 
Gray G. Church-street 
Gray J. N. Eoper3'-bank 
Grey H. Norfolk-street 
Green W. 6, George-street 
Green J. W. 92, Howard-st 
Grieves W. Little Bedford-st 
Grigs T. Norfolk-street 
Halcrow J. Church-street 
Hall A. Linskill-street 
Hall J. 117, Linskill-street 
Hall J. Eailway-street 
Hall T. 16, Nelson-street 
Hall W. Albion -street 
Handcock E. 12, George-st 
Harcuss J. Stephenson st 
Harper J. Wellington-street 
Harper N. Norfolk-street 
Harrison J. Hudson-street 
Harrison T 1, Smith's-place 
Harrson T.30, Stephenson-st 
Harrison T. Linskill-street 
Heans W. 26, Wellington-st 
Henderson J. Stephenson-st 
Henderson E. 24, Spring-ter 
Heslop G. Howard-street 
Hodgson W. 57, Church st 
Hogg E. Linskill-street 
Hogg E. 3, Charlotte-street 
Holland B. Little Bedford st 
Hudspeth E. Up. Pearson-st 
Hull L. Nelson -street 
Humphrey G. Norfolk-street 
Humphrey J. 10, Upper 

Norfolk-street 
HunterJ Linskill-street 
Huntley James, Tynemouth 
Hurrell S. Norfolk-street 
Hurrell W^ Norfolk-street 
Jack W. 37, Nile-street 
Jackson G. Church-street 
jAckson J. Linskill-street 
Jameson A. Church-street 
Jobling T. 28, Sidney-street 
Johnson J. Norfolk- street 



BOEOITGH OF TYNEMOUTH CLASSIFIED DIEECTOBT. 



515 



Master Mariners— Coniint^ecZ. 
Johnson J. Linskill-street 
Jorclon E. 3, Toll-square 
Jules T. Eopery-bank 
Kirby E. Linskill-street 
Knott M. 8, Toll-square 
Lindsay T. 75, Chuicli-way 
Lodge Gr. 42, Clmrch-way 
Lodge T. 67, Howard-street 
Londsdale J. Norfolk-street 
Lumsdon J. Norfolk- street 
Manners W. Camden-lane 
Martin E. Nile-street 
Marshall J. Camden lane 
McCallum J. Camdea-street 
McKenzie T. Caraden-street 
IMeldrum J. Northumberld-st 
Meldrum ^Y. Linskill-street 
Miller J. 41, Percy-street 
Moburn L. Albion-street 
Morris C. Linskill-street 
Mosley J. 34, King-street 
Muir A. Steplienson-street 
Newbold W. Nile-street 
Newbold G. Little Bedford-st 
Newham T. Linskill-street 
Newton B. Sidney-street 
Newton J. Linskill-street 
Nicholson J. Wellington-st 
Nicholson W. Linskill-street 
Nicholson W. 15, Nile- street 
Oliver J. Church -way 
Ord Thomas, Linskill-street 
Ormston E. Church-way 
Park G-. 38, Percy-street 
Parkinson I. Bedford- street 
Patterson G-. Linskill-street 
Patterson J. Howard-street 
Patterson W. Linskill-street 
Pattison J. Toll-square 
Paul G. Percy-street 
Peake J. Percy-street 
Pigg J. N. 3, Spring-terrace 
Place T. Eussell-street 
Potts E. 38, Nile-street 
Pringle J, Norfolk-street 
Purves J. 5, Nelson-street 
Pycroft, J. 78, Bell-street 
Pyle E. 14, South-street 
Eamsay H. Waterville-ter 
Eead G. Percy-street, Tyne- 

mouth 
Eeed G. Howard-street 
Eeid Lsaac B. Linskill-street 
Eennison W. 65, Norfolk-st 
Ehind J. Howard-street 
Eichardson E. Linskill-st 



Eichardson J. 24, Hutchin- 

sons-buildiugs 
Eichardson Thos. 33, Clive- 

street 
Eidley J. 1 0, Nelson-street 
Eobb J. 44, Howard-street 
Eobinson J. 55, Howard-st. 

Toll-square 
Eochester G. Church-way 
Eogers T. Howard- street 
Eutherford W. West Percy- 
street 
Sangster A. Norfolk-street 
Sans J. King-street 
Scorfield J. 101, Howard-st 
Scott C. Percy-street 
Scott J. 3, Cecil-street 
Sharp A. 54, Howard street 
Shepherd E. 8, Wellington- 
street 
Shipley James, Linskill-st 
Simpson G. Howard-street 
Simpson W. 52, Camden-st 
Simpson W. Linskill-street 
Sinclair M. Church-street 
Smith G. Stephenson-street 
Smith G. 91, Stephenson-st 
Smith G. 3, Smith's-place 
Smith J. Upper Toll-street 
Smith E. Linskill-street 
Smith E. Eussell-street 
Sop with E. Camden-street 
Southeron J. 57, Church-st 
Stamners J. Linskill-street 
Starks B. Tynemouth 
Stephens J. Norfolk-street 
SteAvart J. linskill-street 
Stroud A. Linskill-street 
Tate C. 11, Nelson-street 
Taylor J. 77, Church-street 
Taylor W. Linskill-street 
Taylor W. Norfolk-street 
Taylor W. 7, Toll-square 
Thompson J. Howard -street 
Thompson J. 14, Sidney-st 
Thompson E. Howard-street 
Thompson E. Linskill-street 
Thompson T . Linskill-street 
Ti)ompson W. Percy-square 
Thrift J. Nile-street 
Todd J. Stephenson-street 
Todd E. Stephenson-street 
Tothorick J. W. 7, Nelson-st 
Underwood W. S. Queen-st 
Urquhart J. 71, Norfolk-st 
Yenus E. 92, Linskill-street 
Wakefield J. 30, Percy-st 



Walker H. 50, Howard-st 
Walker E. Linskill-street 
Walker W. Hudson-street 
Wallace J. Percy-street 
Wallace W. Hudson-street 
Walton E, Church-way 
Ward C. Upper Norfolk-st 
Watson E. 39, Percy-street 
Weightman W. Bedford-st 
White J. 5, Spring-terrace 
White E. 92 Church-way 
Whitehead J. Tynemouth 
Wigham W. C. Howard-st 
Wilkinson G, Little Bedford- 
street 
Williamson W. Stephenson- 
street 
Wilson J. Norfolk-street 
Wintrim J. 6, Bird-street 
Wood C. Sidney-street 
Wood E. Little Bedford-st 
Wright E. Church -way 
Wright E. Little Bedford-st 
^eeles J. Church-street 
Yeoman J. Church-street 
Yeoman T. Nile-street 
York J. 16 East Percy-street 
Young B. Norfolk-sti^eet 
Young T. 3, Percy-street 
Young W. Church-street 
Youle A. Sidney-street 
Younghusband E. 55, Percy- 
street 

Midwives 

Allen Ellen, Saville-street 
Ord E. Low Lights 

Millers 

Brown W. & Sons, Clive-st 
Procter J. Willington 
Eussell A. & Son, Colling- 

wood-st. and Flatworth 
Simpson E. Billy Mill-lane 
Soppet J. G. Low Lights 

Milliners & Dress Makers 

Appleby Sarah, Norfolk-st 
Armstrong Isai)ella, 67, Ste- 
phenson-street 
Bell Susanah, 77, Hudson-st 
Bolam E. Bedford- street 
Brock Mrs. 33, Union-street 
Claik Margaret, 39, Welling- 
ton-street 
Clark Ann, Stephenson-st 
Clow Margai'et, 21, Bird.st 



516 



CASTLE WAED — EAST DIVISION. 



Milliners, &o,— Continued, 

Crawley Frances, King-st 
Downes C. 14, Union-street 
Dunn H. 92, Bedford-street 
Drury E. W. 19, Tyne-street 
Edwards Dorothy, Stephen- 
son-street 
Elliott Alice, Dotwick-street 
Eell Barbara, 62, Camden-st 
Frost J. 25, Tyne-street 
Hart Jane, 62, Linskill-st 
Humphrey Mary, 25, Wel- 
lington-street 
Johnstone Alice, George-st 
Laidman Jane, 45, Camden- 

street 
Lawrenson Mary, 75, Church- 
street 
Eennison E. Linskill-street 
Eich J. Camden-street 
Eobinson A. Norfolk-street 
Kobson Isabella, Dockwray- 

square 
Eoss Jane, Linskill-street 
Shield A. & A. Dotwick-st 
Sopwith Margt. Linskill-st 
Storey Elizabeth, Church-st 
Thompson Ellen, 18, Toll-sq 
TiUock Ann, Little Bedford- 
street 
White E. Bedford-street 
Wiley Mrs. Mount Pleasant 
Young Charlotte, Tyne-st 

Millwrights 
Hepple & Landells, Mount 

Pleasant 
Scott W. Mount Pleasant 

News Agents 
Orange Wm. 4, Bedford-st 
Sutherland W. 11, Bedford-st 
Turnbull E. Nile-street 
Turner D. 2, Bell-street 
Walker a. 12, Tyne-street 

Newspaper 

North and South Shields 
Gazette, E. Whitecross 
manager, Howard-street 

Notaries Public 
Fenwick J. W. 6, Tyne-st 
Ingledew & Daggett, Tyne- 
st. and at Newcastle 
Lietch T. C. 31, Howard-st 
Lowrey G. F. 35, Tyne-st 
"Reed T, Dockwray-square 



Opticians and Mathematical 

Instrument Makers 
II ey E. nautical, 61, Clive-st 
Moralee W. H. 2, Union-st 
Eennison W. & Son, Tyne-st 
Todd E . nautical, 4, Bull-ring 

Outfitters. 

See also Drapers — Linen and 

Woollen, and also Tailors. 

Adams G. 3, New-quay 
Brown A. 40, Duke-street 
Campbell E.& Sons, Market- 
place, South Shields 
Chariton & Baker, Ciive-st 
Cohen D. 1, Union-street 
Cohen Jacob, 67, Clive-st 
Forrest T. Clive-street 
Frost J. 55, Clive-st. & Tyne- 
street 
Jackson A. Liddell-street 
Jackson H. Liddell-street 

Painters and Glaziers 

Anderson J. Charlotte-street 

Bell W. 15, Union-street, 

Bedford-st. and Tynemouth 

Clark C. Dockwray-street ; 

ho. 42, Dockwray-square 
Coates J. Brunswick-place 
Davidson H. N. Dotwick-st 
Hedley J. 24, Tyne-street 
Hunter J. 30, Tyne-street 
LesslieA, King-street , 

Lilburn T. Bedford-street 
Mainger Nicholas, Clive-st 
Ornsby W. C. 7, Linskill-st 
Park W. Bedford street 
Patterson Eobert, 3, Howard- 
street 
Eobson Eobt. 10, Nile-street 
Eobson W. Collingwood-st 

and Tynemouth 
Sherlock T. George-street 
Taylor A. Duke-street 
Wood A. 24, Church-way 

Panwbrokers 
Carr J. Northumberland-st 
Dixon J. Dot\vick-street 
Douglass & Son, Bull-ring 
Gibson H. 24 and 56, Bed- 
ford-street 
Hume J. 2, Camden-lane 
Hunter W. 39, Church-st 
Eae J. 6, Liddell-street 
Wann E. Wooden Bridge 



Bourne W. and surgeon, 

Howard-street 
Bramwell J. B. Dockwray-sq 
Fenwick S. and surgeon, 7, 

Dockwray-square 

Piano Forte Tuners 

GreenweU W. Nile- street 
Shaw J. 14, Nile-street 
Smith T. and maker,Krng-st 

Pipe Manufacturers 

Gallon Thomason,New Quay 
Hindshaw J. Bell-street 
Eobertson J. Bell-street 
Stobbs James, Bell-street 

Plumbers and Gas Fitters 
Atkin s on John W. Union 

street 
BrownWilliam,2, Church-way 
Cummings J. & bell-hanger, 

23, Tyne-siTeet 
Matthews T. 44, Liddell-st 
Eamsay D. Dotwick-street 
Stephenson W. H. Bolton's- 

yard, Tyne-street 
Stoker T. Clive street 
Todd E. BuU-ring 
TAvizell J. 51 and 52, Clive-st 

and Tyne-st 

Porter Merchants 
Aynsley H. Bedford-street 
Bartleman and Creighton, 

Bull-ring 
Duffy P. 42, Nile-street 
Sanderson & Co. 40, Cam- 
den-street 
Stewart G. 4, Saville-street 

Professors 
Bonhomme F. languages, 3, 

East Percj'-street 
GreenweU W« music, Dale's- 

terrace 
Jameson J. music, 24, Sa- 

ville-strett 

Rope and Twine Manufac- 
turers 

Haggle E. H. & Co. Willing- 
ton & Lishman's Quay 

Hansell E. and Sons, Chir- 
ton-i'opery 

Knott I. East Howden 



BOROUGH OF TYNEMOUTH CLASSIFIKD DIRECTORY. 



517 



Rope & Twine Manufacturers 

Continued. 
Knott J. & Sons, Tyne-st 
Sims J. & Co. Albion-st 
Stephenson J. Eopery-bank 

Saddlers and Harness Makers 
English W. Little Bedford-st 
Luckley T. Colling woo d-st 

Sailmakers 

Elliott W. jun.CustomHoTise 

Quay 
Gibson T. Shepherd's Quay 
Green Wm. Bell-street 
Guilford G. & Co. Custom 

House Quay 
Kelso J. K. Maitland-lane 
Popplewell E. & Co. New 

Quay 
Eobinson T.BlackCock Quay 
Salkeld Henry, Willing- 
ton Quay 
Stephenson EHza, 25, Bell-st 
Taylor G. Bell-street 
Turner W. 50, Bell-street 

Salt Manufacturers 
Eryar M. Whitehill Point 
Ogilvie & Sons, Low Lights 

Shipbuilders 

Adarason T. & Sons, patent 
Slipyard, "Williugton Quay 

Coutts & Parkins on, iron, 
WilUngton Quay 

Morrison and Fawcus, and 
floating dock, Limekiln 
Shore 

LaingBrotherSjNorth Shields 
Dock 

Pickering &Anderson,Bell-st 

Smith T. & W. wood & iron, 
NewDock,Limekiln Shore; 
St. Peter's Dock, New- 
castle ; and 3, Eoyal Ex- 
change Buildings, London 

Young T. & Sod, Liddell-st 
and South Shields 

Ship Chandlers 

Blagdon & Son, Anchor Quay 
Downie J. Duke-street 
Eawcus E. E. Bell-street 
Eittis J. & Co. 1, Clive-street 
Green William, Bell-st 
Hall G. 18, Bull-ring 



Hutchinson T. Bell-street 
Knott L East Howden 
Mease S. & Son, Tyue-street 
M'Callum & Co. Black Cock 

Quay 
Eobinson J. C. 36, Clive-st 
Eobson Erances, Colling- 

wood-street 
Eowntree J. & Co. 4, Clive-st 
Salke.d Henry, WilUngton 

Quay 
Seamann C. H. Bell-street 
Stephenson J. Duke-street 
Storey E. Crane Wharf, 

Bell-street 
Sybenga J. H. Clive-street 
Sybenga S. P. 4, Bell-street 
Taylor E. Tyne-street 
Towns J. Maitland's-lane 
Trotter T. E. & Son, Shep- 
herd's Quay 
Turner W. 50, Bell-streefc 
Twizell John&Son, 6,Tyne-st 

and 51 & 52, Clive-street 
WaU W. I. Bell-street 

Shipowners 

Adamson Thomas & Sons, 

Willington Quay 
Allan W. Percy-square, 

Tynemouth 
Anderson E. E. 34, Church-st 
Armstrong Geo. Sidney-st 
Arthur E. E. Bedford-gtreet 
Atkinson J. New Quay 
Atkinson E.IO, East Percy-st 
Avery G. Stephenson-street 
Bainbridge W. Sidney-street 
Barker T. Eosella Hall 
Bartleman A. Eront street, 

Tynemouth 
BavidgeW. A. 62, Howard-st 
Bell T. E.W.Eield-house 
Bengali W. Whitehill Point 
Blagdon J. Church-street 
Boorn T. Clive-street 
Bourley E. 7, Spring-terrace 
Bowie Jane, 27, King-street 
Brown Mrs. A. Northumber- 
land-square 
Burton W. 117, Bedford-st 
Campbell J. 48, Church-st 
Cleugh E. Northumbrlnd-sq 
Close E. 36, George-street 
Coats P. Norfolk-street 
Cookson T. Church-street 
Coxon Dinah, King-street 



Coxon T. Northunibrld-sq 
Dale J. 36, Dockwray square 
Dale P. & Co. Howard-street 
Dale S. J. Camp-terrace 
Davison G. Preston 
Davison W. Howard-street 
Dobinson T. S. King-street 
Donldn J. 28, King-street 
Dowey James, Elder's Quay 
Downie J. Duke -street 
Downie W. 3, Cecil-street 
Dryden G. Northumbrld-pl 
Dryden J. Camp-terrace 
Dunn C. 19, Percy-street 
Eden Jane, Spring-terrace 
EUiott T. Cam den-street 
EUiott E. 64, Church-street 
EUiott W. junior, Custom 

House Quay 
EUiott W. 11, ToU-square 
Ellison J. 16, Nile-street 
Fawcett J. Spring-terrace 
Erost J. 68, Norfolk-street 
Gibson J. Brock House, 

Albion-road 
Gibson Thomas, junior, Eus- 

sell-street 
Gibson T. Shepherd's Quay 
Grey J. Camden-street 
Grey J. 91, Howard-street 
Grey W. 30, Sidney-street 
Green Dorothy, Linskill-st 
Green T. Lin skill-street 
Guildford G. Newcastle-st 
Hall G. Church-street 
Hall Matthew, Northumber-- 
land House, Stephenson- 
street 
Han sell E. Murton House 
Hansell E. 4, Lovaine-terraca 
Hay Ei chard, 48, Liddell-st 
Heaton T. Norfolk-street 
Hewson D. A. Spring-terrace 
Hewson S. Camp-terrace 
Hogg Edward, Linskill-st 
Humble J. Clive-street 
Irvin W. 21, Nile-sti-eet 
Jewitt A. LinskiU-sti-eet 
JobUng T. 28, Sidney-street 
John Sarah, 8, Walker-pl 
Johnson G. 23, Dockwray-sq 
Kelso J. E. Camp terrace 
Lacy E. E. 47, Nile-street 
Laing C. Walker-place 
Laing J. Walker-place 
Laing E. Eosella-place 
LessUe A. H. 6, Cecil-street 



518 



CASTLE WARD — EAST DIVISION. 



Blaip(ymiers—Co7iUnu€d. 
Lesslie L. Lin skill-street 
Lesslie — and merchant 
Lesslie J.Clive-street; house, 

Loraine-terrace 
Lishman Annahella, 16, 

Spring-terrace 
Lodge Gr. 4*2, Church-way 
McDonald Elizabeth, 22, 

Spring-terrace 
McKellop E. South-street 
Mease S. & Son, Tyne-street 
Meldrura J. Northumhrld-st 
Metcalfe T. Xorthnmbrld-sq 
Metcalfe G. Noilhumhrld sq 
MichaelJ. 27, Hutchinson's- 

baildings, Toll-square 
Miller D. 113, Bedford-st 
Miller E. Sidney-street 
Mitchell ^y. 43, Percy- street 
Moore W. 3, Sadler's Bed- 
ford-terrace 
Morrison & Fawcus, Lime- 
kiln Shore 
Oliver E. King-street 
Ord T. Linskill-street 
Pai'k G. 38, Percy-street 
Peacock J. 64, Church-street 
Peake J. Percy-street 
Perry J. 23, Hutchinson's- 

huildings, Toll- square 
Pigg J. N. 3, Spring-teiTace 
Pow & Fawcus, Bell-street 
Purvis G-. B. Tyne-street 
EeayW. 13, Dockwray-square 
Pteliind J. Howard-street 
Eichardson J. Kutchinson's- 

huildiugs, Toll-square 
EichmondW. 37, Dockwray- 
• square 

Eohinson J". 55, Howard-st 
Eohinson T. 3, Nelson-street 
Eowntree J. & Co. Clive-st 
Scott A. Waterville-terrace 
Scott J. 11, Spring-terrace 
Sharp A. 54, Howard-street 
Shotton G. Northumhrld-sq 
Simpson G. Howard- street 
Sims J. 19, Nile-street 
Skipsey Gr. George-street 
Skipsey G. junr. Nile-street 
Smith T. &W. Noilh Shields 

and St. Peter's Dock 
Stephens Y\'. Camden-street 
Stewart E. 6, East Percy-st 
Storer Mary, 5,Wel]ington-st 
Straker J. Eosella-place 



Strong A. 1, Newcastle-st 
Swan E. K. 35, Clive-street 
Swan E. 35, Clive-street 
Taylor E. & Co. 10, Tyne-st 
Thompson E. 53, Percy-st 
Thornhorrow J. Saville-st 
T^\'izell J. & Son, 51 & 52, 

Clive-st. & 6, Tyne-sti^eet 
TjTiemouthT.CoUingwood-st 
Wait J. 8, Dockwray-square 
Wascoe Gr. Bell-street 
Wheatley H. Dockwray-sq 
Wheatley J. Northumber- 
land-square 
Wheatley W. Dockwray-sq 
White .J. 5, Spring-terrace 
Wright Christiana Wakefield, 

South Preston 
Wright EUzabeth, King-st 
Wright J. 96, Church-way 
Young E. 5, Northumber- 
land-square 
Young P. 95, Church-way 
Young T. & Son, LiddeU-st. 
and South Shields 

SMpwrightg 
Moralee J. Limekiln Shore 
Penman H. ^^Tiitehill Point 
Eamshaw Eobert, Skipsey's- 

Quay 
Stewart D. Low Lights 
Stewart E. Low Lights 
Storey E. Crane Wharf, Bell- 
street 

Slaters 
McKay W. Lin skill- sti'eet 
Dixon W^ George-street 

Smiths 
Marked * are also Bell Hangers. 

„ t are also Ship Smiths, 
Black J. Beacon-street 
t Black J. Union-road 
iClouston J. M. Limekiln 

Shore 
fCoates P. Liddell-street 
+Conley J. Duke-street 
Davidson George, Monk- 

seaton 
Davidson Eobert, Preston 
Dixon B. Tyne-street 
i-Dixon E. Dotwick-street 
*Doxford M. Bell-street 
Dunn Lewis, Murtou 
*+Ellis J. & Co. Bell-street 
*tEenwick T. Low Lights 



Ford E. Limekiln Shore 
Gallon P. CoUingwood-street 
Graham J. Eopery-bank 
tHeaton T. LiddeU-street 
Hutchinson T. Union-lane 
* Hunter E. Eopery-bank 
+Low H. T. Dotwick-street 
Lowes G. Preston 
Moralee J. Limekiln Shore 
Pow and Fawcus, Bell-street, 

Eeed-street, and Bull-iing 
Eeay E. & Son, Limekiln 

Shore 
*+EowlandE.LimekilnShore 
+Tyzack, Whi^eley, ctCo.Bell- 

street and Low Lights 
Walker, Brothers, Colhng- 

wood-street 
Weatherhead G.Elder's Quay 
Wigham W. Bedford-street 

Solicitors 

Barker & Fen wick, and county 
magistrates' clerks, Nor- 
folk-street 
Barker E. Norfolk-street 
Cotton J. L. Norfolk-street 
Dale S. J. & Henry, & clerks 
to the borough magistrates, 
44, Dockwray-square 
Fenwick J. W, 6, Tyne-street 
Fenwick &Mayson,Norfolk-st 
Ingledew & Daggett, Tyne- 
street and at Newcastle 
Kidd E. junior, 6, Linskill- 
street 
Laws C. U. New Quay and 

at Newcastle 
Lietch & Kewney, 31, How- 
ard-street 
Lowrey G.F. 35, Tyne-street 
Medcalf E. Saville -street 
Eeed T. Dockwray-square 
Tinley J. & J. T. B. Beacon- 

Wheldon E. & T. E. Norfolk- 
street 

Stay and Corset Makers 
Mullin Thomasina, Albion-st 
O'Connell J. 21, Union-st 

Steamboat Owners 
Bengali W. Whitehill Point 
Brown Andrew, Bull-ring 
Brown G. New Quay 
Chambers W. 22, Camden-st 
Chisholm A, Elder's Quay 



1 



BOEOUGH OF TYNEMOUTH CLASSIFIED DIEECTORY. 



519 



Steamboat O-vmevs—Contimced 

Chisholm S, Clive-street 
Chisbolm S.sen.Elders Quay 
Chisholm E. Elder's Quay 
Cooper J. South-street 
Cowpertbwaite J. South-st 
Crossthwaite J. 99, Bedford-st 
Dial Jonas, South-street 
Fhnn E. Percy-street 
Foster W. H. South-street 
Gibson W. 30, Camden-st 
Hall Joseph, Tvnemoutli 
HaU W. Whitehill Point 
HaiTison W. Coble-dean 
Hunter Gr. Eopery-bauk 
Lamb W. Kopery-bank 
Laws Anthony, South-street 
Lawson J. R. South-street 
Legg Sarah, West-street 
Lee R. New-row 
Liddell J. Shepherd's Quay 
Mattison W. Stephenson-st 
Minto W. Pit-row 
Mould N. Bell- street 
Oswald J. Coble-dean 
Oxley J. Lin skill-street 
Pearson B. West-street 
Pearson E. 1, South-street, 

Milburn-place 
Piatt J. 33, Percy-street 
Renwick D. 24, North- street 
Scott E. 7, Little Bedford-st 
Stephenson G. near Wood- 
bine Cottage 
Strong R. Duke-street 
Strong A. South-street 
Taws W. Camden-street 
Tweedy Jacob, North-street 
Verdy T. Ropery-bank 
Wallace G. Sidney-street 
Wardroper — , Chancery row 
Watson J. Nelson street 
Wherrier Gr. South-street 

Straw Bonnet Makers 
Black Eliz. Church-street 
Dixon }ane,UpperPear3on-st 
Dowsland Dorothy, Camden 

lane 
Elliott Alice, Dotwick-street 
Huggup Isabella, G-eorge-st 
McPherson Mary, 12, Toll- 
square 
Shield A. & A. Dotwick-st 
Smith EHzabeth, North-st 
Sopwith Margt.l3,Linskill-st 
Young Ann, i7,. Church-st 



Svirgeons 

See also Physicians. 

Bramwell J. B. Dockwray-sq 
Bramwell W. 5, Dockwray-sq 
Bourne W. M, D. Howard-st 
Coward H. 19, Howard-street 
Cunningham L. Tynemouth 
Emmerson W. Howard-st 
Fenwick S. M.D. 7, Dock- 

wray-square & Church-st 
Hart W. 43, Camden-street 
Huntley G. H. East HoT>fden 
Knox David, The Allotment 
Marr M. Clive-street 
Ornsby R. 0. 46, Liddell-st 
Owen J. R. Northumberland- 
square 
Stephens T., 81, Dockwray-sq 
Taylor V/. Union-street 
Turnbull Thos. J. 19, West 

Percy- street 
Wrixon John, 1, Tynemouth- 
place, Tynemouth 

Surgeon Dentists 
Hudson & Co. 4, Camden-st 
Nightingale C. East Percy-st 

Surveyors— Ship 

Arthur E. R. Bedford-street 
Dry den G. 3, Northiimber- 

land-square 
English H. 5, Sidney-street 
Fenwick Thomas, iDorough, 

Union-street 
Hornsby G. building, 74, 

Upper Ste|)henson-street 
Johnson W. Bell-street 
Peart R. Howard- street 
Pickering & Anderson, Bell-st 
Piatt J. 33, Percy-street 
Popplewell M. Lloyd's, 

Railway-terrace 
Pretious S. Lloyd's, Rail- 
way-terrace 
Stephens W. Camden-street 

Tailors 

See also Brapers — Woollen 
and also Outfitters 
Marked * are also DrajDcrs 
„ t are also Outlitters 

Anderson F. E. Chve-street 
Angus W. 8, Camden-street 
Armstrong R. 07, Church-way 
Archer G. Russell-street 



Baker R. 72, Church-way 
Bell E. Camden-street 
+*Brown A. 40, Duke-street, 

and Collingwood-street 
•hCampbell R. & Sons,Market- 

place. South Shields 
Campbell W. 26, Camden-st 
Cowey P. Tynemouth 
Davidson M. North-street 
Dawson J. Albion-street 
Foster J. 50, Percy-street 
Fothergill G. Tyne-street 
Frost J. Clive-st. & Tyne-st 
Garrard J. M. 58, Bedford- 
street 
i Graham E. 4, Liddell-street 
Hedley J. Stephenson-street 
Hedley R. 21, Camden-lane 
Henderson John J. Clive-st 
Heslop G. Camden-street 
Hogarth W. 65, Church-st 
Johnson T. Norfolk-street 
Kay D. Duke-street 
*Lilley T. 16, Linskill-street 
Logan J. 74, Norfolk-street 
Middleton J. North-street 
Moffoot A. & Son, Norfolk- 
street 
+Morrison T. W. Tyne-street 
Nesbitt J. 0, Bedford-street 
Noble W. 65, Bedford-street 
Oliver W. 18, Beacon-street 
Patton J. T. 56, Camden-st 
Paul J. 13, Queen-street 
Pearson B. West- street 
Robinson T. Norfolk-street 
Rodgers C. Stephenson-st 
i-Rowntree J. 34, Clive-street 
Scorner Edmund, Church-st 
Simpson H. Nile-street 
Slevin Bernard, Liddell st 
Spence J. F. & J. Howard-st 
f Stewart J. 18, Clive-street 
Venteman T.D. 3,Charlotte-st 
Wardle R. Tynemouth 
Warner G. Bull-ring 
* Watson R. 47 and 52, Cam- 

den-sti'eet 
Wilkie J. Linskill-street 

Tallow Chandlers 
Alexander J, Knott's-Iane, 

Tyne-street 
Baynes J. & Co. 5, Bedford-st 
Eliiott W. CoHingwood-st 
Pui-vis I. Camden-sti'eet 
Yickersou W. F, 41, Olive st 



520 



CASTLE WAilD— EAST DIYISTON. 



Timber Merchants 

Hall & Fell, steam sawmill, 
Hudson-street 

Lyall Gr. T3T3e-sti'eet 

Eobson J. & M. 81, Church- 
way 

Speiice K. Bedford-street and 
Saville-street 

Storey E. Low Lights 

Tin & Iron Plate Workers 
and Braziers 
Atkinson John, Union-street 
Ascough Gr. 86, Stephenson-st 
Brown & Butterly, 6, Nor- 
folk-street 
Brown W. 16, Saville-street 
Cummings J. 23, Tyne-street 
Horton T. Dotwick-street 
Hey R. 61, Clive-street 
Matthews Thos. Liddell-st 
Miller Charles, 58, Clive-st 
Stephenson W. H. Bolton's- 

yard, Tyne-street 
Stoker T. 21, Clive-street 
Todd E. Bull-ring 
Twizell Jno. & Son, 6, Tjoie- 

st. and 51 & 52, Clive-st 
"Windas W. Chm-ch-way 

Tobacco and SumS Manufac- 
turers 

Briggs T. (tobacconist), 15, 

Tyne-street 
Bennison J. Clive-st and at 

Gateshead 



Spencer M. H. Clive-street, 
and at South Shields and 
Newcastle 

Toymen 

Eskdale J. Russell- street 
Guymer W. & Co. Chve-st 

Tripe Dressers 

Ballard F. Duke-street 
Hall J. & J. Clive-street 
Hall M. CHve-street 
Taylor J. 46, LmskiU-street 
Taylor J. Chve-street 

Upholsterers 

See also Cabinet Makers,and 
Cabinet Makers <& Joiners 

Mowat J. East Stephenson-st 
Renton D. and paper-hanger, 

69, Camden-street 
Stewart J. Albion-street 

Veterinary Surgeons 

Dixon B. Knott's-ln. Tyne-st 
Gallon P. CoUing wood-street 
Wigham Yv'". Bedford-street 

"Watch & Clockmakers 
Marked * are algo Jewellers 

♦Blackwood W. & J. T. 5, 

Tyne-street 
Brown W. 47, LiddeU-street 
Dickinson M. Chve-street 



Ellis R. 26, Duke-Street 
* Hurst E. Union-street 
KUngell C. 11, Sidney-street 
Rennison W. & Son, Tyne- 
street 
Snowdon J. 9, Stephenson-st 

"Windlass (Ship) Manufac- 
turers 

Pow & Fawcus, Bell-st Reed- 
street, and Bull-ring 

Tyzack, Whitely, & Co. Low 
Lights and Bell-street 

Walker, Brothers, Collin g- 
wood-street 

"Wine and Spirit Merchants 

Alhson W. H. & Co. Duke-st 
Atkinson J. Clive-street 
Bartleraan & Crighton, Bull- 
ring and Clive-street 
CampbeU R. & Sons, Market- 

place. South Shields 
Carr, Ormston, & Carr, Low 

Lights 
Clark W. N. & Co. 1, Wooden 

Bridge 
Davison & Son, Monkseaton 
Dunn W. Howard-strret 
Duffy P. and ale, Nile-street 
Faulkner J. B. Howden 
Harbutt T. 63, Bedford-st 
Liddell F. 4, Union-street 
Mathwin F. F. 63, Bell-st 
Purvis I. Camden-sti-eet 
Whittle J. L. Saville-street 



PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS, SOCIETIES, &c. 



Assembly Rooms, Norfolk-street, Messrs* 
Carr, Ormston, and Carr, proprietors. 

Assembly Rooms (Old), George Tavern, 
King-street, W. Coxon, proprietor. 

Baths anij Wash-houses (New), Saville- 
street, David Mather, superintendent 

Baths, Low Lights 

Bokough of Tyne mouth Gas Compaq? y ; 
works. Low Lights and Northumberland- 
street ; office, Bradford-street ; W. H. 
Atkinson, secretary. 

Coal Turn Night Office, New Quay ; 
John Armstrong, superintendent. 

Cricket Ground, Preston-lane. 

CoiUMERCiAL News Room, Tyne-street; 
G, L. Dobinson, secretary 



Coukty Court Office, Tyne-sti-eet ; 
judge, James Losh, Esq. ; clerk, Henry 
Ingledew, Esq. The court is held at the 
Town Hall, Saville-street; court days once 
a month 

Custom HougE, New Quay. — R. S. Kil- 
gour, collector ; James Turner, comiDtroUer 
and landing surveyor ; Stephen Rogers, 
Oswald Detchon, and William Turnbul!, 
clerks ; Wm. Rees, searcher; Colin Camp- 
bell and Wilham Wilkinson, lockers ; Jos. 
Windas, acting landing waiter ; Samuel 
Keys, William M. Smythe, and William 
Sawj'ers, tide surveyors; Benjamin Banks, 
acting tide surveyor, with 18 tide waiters^- 
and 12 boatmen. 



Tynemouth parish. 



5-21 



Dispensary, 44, Church-street.— Patron, 
the Duke of Northumberland ; presidents, 
Wm. Linskill, Esq. and the Kev. Christopher 
Eeed, M.A. ; vice-presidents, Joseph Laing, 
Esq. Thomas Fenwick, Esq. and E.J. Col- 
lingwood, Esq. ; treasurers, the Union Joint 
Stock Banking Company; honorary secre- 
tary, John W. Mayson, Esq. ; medical 
officers, Mr. Bramwell, M.R.C.S.L. Mr. 
Stephens, M.R.C.S.L. Mr.Oweu, M.R.C.S.L. 
Dr. Bramwell, M.R.C.S.L. and Dr. Bourne; 
apothecary, William Mayson. 

Engine House, Norfolk-street. — B.. Mit- 
chell, superintendent. 

EiSH Maeket, New Quay. 

Eeiends' Burial Ground, Stephenson- 

street 

Good Design Association for the 
Belief of Shipt;vtiecked Mariners. — 
Office, King-street ; John Frazer, secretary. 

Guardian Meeting Room, And Super- 
intendent Registrars's Office, Saville- 
street. — Samuel Tibbs, superintendent 
registrar. 

Harbour Master and Water Bailiff's 
Office, Bell-street. — Wm. Wake, master 
and bailiff. 

High Light House, Dockwray-square, 
E. Day, keeper. 

Inland Revenue Office, Saville-street. 

Local Marine Board of the Port of 
Shields. — The Mayor of Tynemouth and 
the Mayor of South Shields, ex-officio. 
Nominees of the hoard of trade, Robert 
Ingham, M.P. Robert Anderson, Esq. and 
Thomas Barker, Esq. Elected by the ship- 
owners, Robert Cleugh, John Dryden, Peter 
Dale, (jreorge Johnson, Solomon Mease, 
and John Robinson. Secretary, Thomas 
Carr Lietch, Esq. Examination in naviga- 
tion and seamanship, the same as at New- 
castle; examination days the 10th of each 
month. Shipping master. North Shields, 
George Shotton ; deputy-shipping master, 
W. F. Pilter ; office, New Quay 

Lloyds Surveyors Office, Railway-ter. 
• — Messrs. Popplewell and Pre ties, sur- 
veyors. 

Low Light House, Land-end, Low 
Lights. — F. A. Pattisson, keeper. 

Master Mariners' Asylum Office, 42, 
Dockwray-square. 

Merchant Seamen's Pension Office, 
West Percy-street. 

Merchant Seamen's Office, Custom 
House. — John J. Smith, registrar, and as- 
sistant tide siu-veyor. 

S I ^ 



Museum, Norfolk-street. — Open on Mon- 
days, Thursdays, and Saturdays. 

Newcastle & Shields Steamboat 
Passage Office, New Quay. — Boats leave 
ten or twelve times daily. 

North Shields & Tynemouth Generai. 
Cemetery, Neweastle-road. — J. Raine, 
sexton. 

Police Office, Town Hall, Saville- 
street. — Robert Mitchell, superintendent. 

Post Office, 15, Camden-street. — John 
Hume, post-master; receiving houses. Bull- 
ring, Tyne -street, and Russell-street. 

Railway STATioN,Little Bedford -street. — 
J. Spence manager of the traffic depart- 
ment, J. Pyle manager of passenger depart- 
ment. Trains pass ten or twelve times daily 
for Tynemouth and Newcastle. 

Relieving Office, for the district of 
Tynemouth, Howard-street. — A. Robson, 
officer. 

Relieving Office, for the district of 
North Shields, New Quay. — J. England, 
officer. 

River Police Station, Ram shay's Quay, 
John Stephens, superintendent. Henry 
Freshwater and William Reed, inspectors. 

Seamens Loyal Standard Association; 
office, Hudson-street. — G James, secretary. 

Sheriff's Officer for Northumber- 
land. — WiUiam Morrison, Saville-street. 

Shipping Office, New Quay. — G. Shot- 
ton, master. 

Shipwrecked Fishermen's &Mariner's 
Society, Nile-street. — R. Turnbull. agent. 

Soup Kitchen, Wellington-street. 

Spanish Battery, Coast Guard Station, 
Tyne Haven, Tynemouth. 

Stamp Office, Tyne-street. — John 
Phihpson, sub-distributor. 

Steam Tug Company, New Quay. — G. 
Brown, agent. 

Surveyors Office (Borough), Union- 
street. — Thomas Fenwick, surveyor. 

Temperance Hall, or Athen^um, 
Norfolk-street. 

Theatre Royal, Union-street. — Samuel 
Roxby, lessee and manager. 

Tide Surveyor's Office, Low Lights. 

Town Clerk's Office, 31, Howard- 
street. — Thomas Carr Lietch, Esq. town- 
clerk. 

Town Hall, Saville-street. 

Registrar's Office, Saville-street. — 
Joseph Anderson, registrar. 

Tradesmen and Mechanics' Library, 
Tyne-street. 



592 



CASTLE WARD— EAST DIVISION. 



Teixity Almshouses, Beacon-street. 

Tyxemouth BATHSjPrior's Haven, Tyne- 
mouth. 

Tyne News Eoom, 42, Dockwraj^- 
square. — G. Kobson, Secretary 

Tynemouth Light House, Barrack- 
yard, Tynemouth. — S. Wesencroft, keeper. 

Tynemouth Literary & Philosophical 
Society, Howard-street, North Shields. — 
open every day, Sundays excepted, from 
10 a.m. to 1 p.m. and from 6 to 10 p.m. 
Patron,His Grace the Duke of Northumber- 
land ; vice-patrons, Islatthew Bell, Esq. and 
Saville Ogle, Esq.; vice-presidents, John 
Eenwick, Esq. Preston villa, and J. H. 
Eryer, Esq. ; secretary, J. P. Dodd, L.L.D.; 
treasurer, Eobert Spence, Esq.; librarian, 
John Eobson. 

Union (Tynemouth) Workhouse, Pres- 
ton-lane. — Chairman, John Tinley, Esq. ; 
vice-chairman, Cuthbert Hunter, Esq. ; 
Master, John Johnson ; matron, Hannah 
Johnson; surgeon, John R. Owen; clerk, 
Samuel James Tibbs; schoolmistress. 
Mary Linwood ; porter, Moses Dixon. 

Carriers to the following Places 
Alnwick. — E-. Dalrympie, from the Three 
Tuns, Wooden Bridge, on Tuesdays. 



Bedlington. — George Eenwick, from the 
Golden Lion, Church-way, on Thm-sdays. 

5Z?/^7i.— Walter Best, from the Three 
Tuns, Wooden Bridge, on Thursdays ; and 
William Bell, from the same place, on the 
same day. 

Glanton. — E. Dah-ymple, from the Three 
Tuns, Wooden Bridge, on Tuesdays. 

Hartleij. — Edward Brady, from the Three 
Tuns, Wooden Bridge ; and John Smith, 
from the Golden Lion, Church- way, on 
Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays. 

Longhorsley. — WiUiam Bell, from the 
Golden Lion, Church-way, on Tuesdays. 

Longhoughton. — E. Dalrymple, from the 
Three Tuns, Wooden Bridge, on Tuesdays. 

Mitfordand Neiglibouxliood. — Jas. Hogg, 
from the Golden Lion, Church-way, on 
Thursdays. 

Rothhury. — Mark Ormston, from the 
Golden Lion, Church-way, on Tuesdays. 

Seaton Delaval. — George Eenwick, from 
the Golden Lion, on Thursdays. 

Seaton Stuice. — Edward Brady, from the 
Three Tuns, Wooden Bridge, on Tuesdays, 
Thursdays, and Saturdays. 

Ferries to South Shields every five 
minutes, from the New Quay. 



Chirton is a townships and village in Tynemouth parisli. The township 
contains 1^730 acres, of which the rateable value is £13,189 9s. 2d., 
and the number of its inhabitants in 1801 was 1,152 ; in 1811, 3,116; in 
1821, 4,351 ; in 1831, 4,973 ; in 184], 4,360 ; and in 1851, in consequence 
of the cessation of work at some of the colleries, it had decreased to 
3960 souls. The principal landowners are the Duke of Northumberland, 
Thomas Barker, Esq., Edward John Collingwood, Esq., H. de Cardonnel 
Lawson, Esq., Ralph Robnson, Esq.^ and John Eobson, Esq. Hopewell 
Collierj, worked by Mrs. Jane Hope and Son, is the only one at present 
working in the townsliip. "What is called Shields, consists of a great part of 
this townshp. The Yillaqe of Chirton is situated on the high road, one 
mile west of North Shields. West Chirton House, the seat of John 
Robson, Esq., is a neat brick edifice, suiTounded with a fine plantation. 
Billy Mill, and Mooe Houses, are two hamlets in this township, situated 
respectively two miles N.N.W., and one mile and three-quarters north-west of 
Shields. For Directory, see Borough of Tynemouth. 

CuLLERCOATs is a township and village included in the borough of Tyne- 
mouth, with which its ai'ea is returned. Its population in 1801, was 452 ; 
in 1811, 454; in 1821, 536; in 1831, 542; in 1841, 738 ; and in 1851, 
695 souls. The rateable value of the township is £900. The Village of 



TYNEM0I3TH PARISH. 



523 



CuHercoats is situated one mile and a half north of Tynemouth, and was 
formerly a place of some trade, but is now inhabited chiefly by fishermen. 
It contains several public houses, a Methodist Chapel, and a number of good 
private residences. The Infant School is a neat stone building, erected in 
1850, at a cost of about £400. It is supported by subscriptions, and has an 
average attendance of 140 pupils. It is conducted by Mr. William Douglass, 
and two female assistants. 

Post Office, Cullercoats. — Thomas G. Crawford, Postmaster. — Letters arrive at 
9-30 a.m., and are despatched at 3-15 p.m. — On Sundays a despatch at 3 p.m. 



Armstrong Nicholas, master mariner and 
shipowner 

Arthm: "UllHam, baker 

Bailey Henry, vict. and butcher, Newcastle 
Arms 

Bailey James, joiner and cartwright 

Bailey Thomas, boot and shoemaker 

Bell Thomas, grocer and farmer 

Brown John, draper and grocer 

Bnllock William, butcher 

Carr George, fisherman 

Clayton Miss Anne 

Crawford Thomas C. assistant overseer for 
Whitley, Preston, and Cullercoats, and 
commission and insurance agent, office, 
13, Norfolk-street, North Shields 

Dickson John, farmer 

Dickson Peter, master mariner 



Douglass William, schoolmaster 
Fenwick George John, Esq. Cliff House 
Greenwell D. S. master mariner 
Greenwell Mrs. Mary 
Henderson Archibald, vict. Ship Inn, 
Hodgson George, Esq. Garden House 
Hunter Taylor S. builder, contractor, 

grocer, and commission agent 
Mitchell Mrs. Ehzabeth 
Moffott Thomas, merchant tailor 
Moffott William, schoolmaster 
Pratt John, vict. Ship Inn 
Eobson John, contractor 
Ptobson Mr. Thomas 
Taylor John, joiner and cabinet maker 
Thoburn Henry, boot and shoemaker 
Thompson Wm. vict. Queen's Head 
Yarley Henry, grocer and beer retailer 



draper 



Board and Lodging House 
Keepers 

Alexander Elizabeth 



Alexander Mary 
Morrell Thomas 
Nixon William 



Eennison William 
Taylor Margery 
Pratt John 



MoNKSEATON is a township and village in Tynemouth parish, containing 
1,087 acres, the rateable value of v/hich is £3,598 9s. 6d. The principal 
proprietors are the Duke of Northumberland, who is lord of the manor, 
WilHam Davison and Son, William Linskill, Esq., John Moor, Esq., Robert 
Hansen, Esq., H. B. Gay, Esq., Mr. Briggs, and others. The Village of 
Monkseaton is situated three miles north by west of North Shields. It 
contains a small Methodist Chapel, several pubhc houses, and an extensive 
brewery. This township includes an allotment of Shire Moor. 



Arthur Ann, vict. Ship Inn 

Davidson George, blacksmith, cartwright, 
and agricultural implement maker 

Davison William & Son, brewers, malsiers 
and spirit merchants 

Davison Thomas D. brewer, &c. (W. Davi- 
son & Son) ; ho. Monkseaton 

Davison Wihiam, brewer, &c. (JSY. Davison 
and Son) ; ho Monkseaton 

Blacklock Mr. William 

Dunn Joseph, butcher 



Dunn Maria, shopkeeper 

House Stephen, boot and shoemaker 

Lowery Margaret, vict. Horse Shoes 

Moore Mr. John 

Nicholson George, grocer and boot and 

shoemaker 
Nixon Mr. John 

Tweddell Wm. vict. Lamb Inn. Shire Moor 
Eeed Thomas, millwright, Shire Moor 

Hill-top 
Reed Wm. millwrigutj Sliire Moor Hill-top 



524 



CASTLE WAED — EAST DIVISION. 



Farirers 
Aynsley Feuwick, Seaton 

Villa 
Davison Henry 
Davison William and Son 



Bell Thomas, Shire Moor 

Dunn Joseph 

Fen wick Joseph & William, 

Eake House 
Moor John, Eed House 



Nicholson John 

Pye Eobert, Burnt House 

Thompson Thomas, Hill 

Head 
Wright Percival 



MuRTON OR MooRTOWN IS a township and village, comprising an area 
of 443 acres, the property of Robert Hansell and Sons, Solomon Mease, 
Esq., Tlios. Drjsden, Esq., Messrs. Wilson and Crawford, and Edward 
J. CoUingwood, Esq. The number of its inhabitants in 180], was 496; in 
1811,615; in 1821, 656; in 1831, 451; in 1841, 438 ; in 1851, 481 souls. 
The rateable value of the township is £1,380, Half the freehold tithes are 
the property of the Duke of Northumberland, and the other half belongs to 
the proprietors of Backworth Colliery. The Village of Murton is situated 
three miles north-west from Shields. Mueton House, the seat of Robert 
Hansell, Esq., is a good stone building, situated amidst gardens and planta- 
tions. The Village of Nev/ York is included in this township. 

Philadelphia, a small colliery village, is built on an allotment of Shire 
Moor, not assigned to auy township. Its area is included in that of North 
Shields. Its population in 1841, was 65 ; and in 1851, 18 souls. 



Dunn Lewis, vict. and hlacksmith, Travel- 
ler's Best 

Harhottle Joseph, joiner and cartwright, 
New York 

Harhottle William, platelayer on the Bur- 
radon Branch ; ho. New York 

Mason Luke, grocer, New York 



Miller John, grocer 

Prudhoe Kohert E. gardener and grocer 

Tilburn Wm. vict. and butcher, Bun Cow 

New York 
Todd Peter, vict. Rohin Hood 
Wakenshaw Mark, vict. Plough Inn 
Wright Wm. vict. Wheat Sheaf, New York 



Farmers 

Hansell Eohert and 
Murton House 



Sons, 



Gibson Samuel 
Holmes Wilham 
Stoddart Eichard 



Stoker John, New York 
Turnbull Wilham 



Preston is a township and village in the parish of Tynemouth. Its area is 
642 acres, and its population in 1801, was 431; in 1811, 445; in 182J, 
627; in 1831, 765; in 1841, 919; and it had increased in 1851, to 983 
souls. This township contains several handsome residences, and its rateable 
value is £4,643. The Village of Preston is situated about one mile north 
of North Shields, to which place it extends, and with which its Directory is 
included. 

Whitley, a township and village in the parish of Tynemouth, contains 
531 acres of land, of which the rateable value is £2,540. The number of 
its inhabitants in 1801, was 251 ; in 1811, 375; in J821, 554; in 1831, 
632; in 1841, 749; and in 1851, in consequence of the cessation of work 
at the collieries, it had decreased to 431 souls. This township was formerly 
held of the Priory of Tynemouth, but of its fate after the dissolution of the 
religious houses, httle is known. The Village of Whitley is situated near 
the sea, two and a half miles north-east of North Shields. In the immediate 
vicinity is a reservoir belonging to the North Shields Water Works Company. 



WALLSEND PARISH. 



525 



The tithes of a part of Whitley, were commuted in 1840 ; aggregate 
amount, £128. The register, commences in 1764. Whitley Hall, the 
seat of Mrs. Lydia Green, is a good brick edifice, situated in the centre 
of the village. W^hitley House, is a fine stone mansion, the seat of John 
HarrisQu Fryer, Esq. Whitley Park, at present unoccupied, is a com- 
modious structure, surrounded by fine grounds, and is situated a little to the 
north of the village. 

Post Office Whitley, John Harper, postmaster. — Letters arrive, at 10 a.m. and are 
despatched at 3-30 p.m. 



Bell George, lime burner 
Blair Ann, shopkeeper 
Brown Henry, shipowner, Mardon House 
Callbirth Mr. William 
Charlton Thomas, blacksmith 
Elliott John, vict. Ship Inn 
Fenwick Mr. John 

Forrest Wilham, shopkeeper, Hotspur-pl 
Fryer John Harrison, Esq. Whitley House 
Garnett John, vict. and cartwright, Quarry 
Inn 



Green Mrs. Lydia, Whitley Hall 

Harper John, grocer and postmaster 

Henzell Miss Maiy 

Maven John, gardener 

Naters Mrs. Dorothy 

Ogle Edward, vict. Whitley Park Inn 

Short William, shopkeeper, Hotsj)ur-place 

Steele Mrs. Margaret 

Taylor John, agent, Whitley Quarry 

Smith Robert, vict. Fat Ox Inn 

Williamson John, vict. Blue Bell, Hotspur-pl 



Fanners 

Dunn Henry 

Grey John, Mardon Farm 



Gibson James ; housej North 

Shields 
Moore George 
Nicholson Henry 



Eennoldson William 
Scott Thomas 
Thompson Eobert 
Thompson Thomas 



WALLSEND PARISH. 

Wallsend parish comprises the townships of Howden Pans, WaUsend and 
Willington, whose united area amounts to 9,787 acres. It is hounded on the 
north and west hy Long Benton parish, on the south, by the river Tyne, and 
on the east by the parish of Tynemouth. The population in 1801, was 3,190; 
in 1811, 3,584; in 1821, 5,103; in 1831, 5,510; in 1841, 4,758; and in 
1851, 5,721 souls. This parish stretches along the north hank of the Tyne, 
and is intersected by the Newcastle and North Shields Railway. Extensive 
coal mines exist in the neighbourhood, and the place formerly gave its name 
to an excellent variety of coal, but now the designation " Wallsend" is applied 
to all coal which passes over a sieve, whose meshes are five- eights of an inch 
asunder, without falling through. 

Howden Pans is a township and village in the above parish, the property 
of the River Tyne Commissioners, and John Brunton Falconer, Esq. The 
area, &c. of the township are included in the parish returns, and the rateable 
value is £1,412. The population in 1841, was 1,296 ; and in 1851, 1,276 
souls. This township was noted in the 16th and 17th centuries for its ex- 
tensive glass works, and afterwards for its numerous salt pans, but its princi- 
pal support is now derived from the coal trade, large quantities being shipped 
for the metropolis and other places. During the American war, several *' India- 



526 



CASTLE WAED— EAST DIVISION. 



men" and frigates were built here. At present, the docks are chiefly used 
for building and repairing vessels employed in the coal trade. Here is a 
lai'ge brewery which is carried on by John B. Falconer, Esq., and also an 
extensive covered ropery. The Village of Howden Pans is situated on the 
Tyne, about five miles east by north of Newcastle. Here is an Independent 
Chapel, erected in 1845, at a cost of £400. It is a neat edifice, and possesses 
ample accommodation for 300 persons. Rev. William Stead, minister. The 
Primitive and Wesley an Methodists have also chapels here. 

The Noethumberland Dock, now in course of construction, will be formed 
by a straight river wall, running from Hayhole-point, to near Howden. The 
tidal basin will be two and a half acres in extent, and will contain about twenty 
feet of water during neap tides. The approach is particularly favourable, a 
bend of the river, leading to the entrance, while the position is admirably 
chosen to meet the requirements of coal shipping. Enormous quantities of 
coal are shipped at this immediate locality of the Tyne, amounting to a 
million and a quarter tons during the past year. This dock, when completed, 
win be capable of receiving the largest man of war, and a vessel like the 
" Duke of AVellington," may come into it and take her coals in. It will, 
be sufficiently capacious to receive 600 vessels at one time, and will be 
the largest colliery dock ever constracted. The estimated total cost is near 
£160,000, which is to be raised by the River Commissioners, upon the 
security of the revenue to be derived from the dock. The contract was taken 
in August, 1853, by Mr. David Thornbury, a gentleman, who has been ex- 
tensively engaged in constructing docks and sluices in the eastern counties. 
The coffer-dam was commenced in August 1 853, and finished in April, 1854, 
and so perfect was its construction, that the contractor was able to set his 
excavators to work wdthin a week. The foundation stone, of the mason 
work, was laid on the 12th September, 1854, and tht, docks are expected to 
be completed in about three years, from the commencement of the works. 
Mr. W. A. Brooks, is acting engineer, for the dock ; Mr. Plews, of London, 
consulting engineer, for the River Commission ; and Mr. Brooks, junior, 
resident engineer. 

Post Ofpice, Howden Pans, Lnlce Eeay, Postmaster. — Letter arrive, frora Newcastle, 
at 9-30, a.m. and are despatched thereto at 3-45 p.m. 

Fors'ter Edw. grocer and draper 

Kennedy David, joiner 

Koott John, butcher 

Minikin William, tailor 

Moffit William, surgeon 

Mordue Jane, grocer 

Morton James, pilot 

Plues Eobert, confectioner 

Eeay Luke, agent for the Hope, Life and 

Guarantee Association 
Eobinson Daniel, schoolmaster; ho. Willing- 
ton Quay 
Eobinson Eobert, butcher 
Eobson Matthew, grocer & druggist 



Atkinson Thos. plumber & brazier 

Barker Alfred, cabinet maker 

Barras Alex. Dock House, Howden 

Bell William, grocer, 

Davidson Thos. block manufacturer, and 
mast maker ; ho. Howden Dock 

Dodds John, butcher 

Elliott Eobt. grocer and spirit merchant 

English Abraham, butcher 

Ealconer John Brunton, Esq. brewer, 
malster and spirit merchant, Howden 
Brewery; ho. Picton House, Newcastle 

Farley Thos. marine store dealer 

Forest Andrew, boot and shoemaker 



1 



WALLSEND PABISH. 



537 



Wilson Charles, master mariner 
Wilson Henry, grocer and shipowner 
Yonng Thos, shipbuilder; ho. Howard-st 
North Shields 

Innkeepers 

Black Bull, Jane Brown 

Globe, Henry Eichardson 

Half Moon, James Twizell 

Queen'' s Head, William Scott 

Ship, Sarah Eidley 

Shi'pwrighV s Arms, Elizabeth Hudson 

Waggon, John Cook 



Eutter John, blacksmith 

Salkeld Jos. sailmaker, Howden Dock; ho. 

Chapel-street 
Smith Jonathan, grocer, 
Smith Eobt. boot and shoemaker 
Stead Eev. William (Independent) 
Stonebeck Mrs. Ehzabeth 
Strachan Allan, pilot 
Thompson John, draper 
TumbuU Thos. timber merchant 
Watson Joseph, block manufacturer; ho. 

Wilhngton Quay 
Weatherley John, master mariner 
Weir Wm. joiner and cartwright 

Wallsend is a to\Ynship and village in the parish of the same name, the 
property of the Dean and Chapter of Durham. The area of the township is 
included in the parish returns, and the rateahle value is £6,287. The popu- 
lation in 1841, was 1,988, and in 1851, 3,161 souls. Wallsend is said 
to have derived its name from its position at the eastern extremity of the 
great Roman wall, w^hich, commencing at the Sol way Frith, terminated in a field 
a short distance to the east of the site now occupied by Carville House. For a 
detailed description of this wall, with its stations, &c., see the article 
" Roman Remains," page 23. From the ruins of a quay, which have been 
distinctly traced, it is supposed by many that the Romans had a trading 
colliery here, and below Carville, where the Roman vessels discharged and 
and received their cargoes sixteen hundred years ago, large fleets of " colliers " 
are now constantly loading Avith coals, which are brought by railways from the 
neighbourhood of Gosforth, to the staiths upon the river's banks. In 1814, as 
some workmen were forming Fawdon Staith, at this place they discovered a 
quantity of Roman masonry and coins, a little above high water mark, and 
also a very curious cauldron for heating water. There are extensive lime- 
kilns in this township, the property of Mr. Joseph Mordue. Wallsend col- 
lieiy was opened in 1777, and has been the scene of many dreadful accidents. 
A fearful explosion took place here in October, 1821, when fifty-two human 
beings were hurried into eternity. Another explosion occurred in June 1835, 
on w^hich occasion twenty-six men and seventy-five boys lost their lives. 

The Village of Wallsend is pleasantly situated, about three and a-haK 
miles E.N.E. from Newcastle. It is large and well built, contains several 
superior houses, and has a spacious green in the centre. Tbe Church 
dedicated to St. Peter, was erected in 1809, at an expense of about .^5,000, 
on the site of the ancient church, which had become much dilapidated. The 
parish register commences in 1669, The living, a perpetual curacy in the 
archdeaconry of Northumberland, and deanery of Newcastle, is returned at 
£289. The tithes were commuted in 1839, aggregate amount £69. 10s. 2d. 
due to the curate, and £193 to the prebendary of the seventh canon of the 
Cathedral Church of Durham. Patrons the Dean and Chapter of Durham ; 
incumbent the Rev. John Armstrong. The Parsonage House, a neat stone 
edifice, erected in 1853, is situated near the church. 



5 '^8 



CASTLE WARD— EAST DIVISION. 



This township contains a Presbyterian Chapel, a Primitive Methodist 
Chapel, and two places of worship belonging to the Wesleyan Methodists. 

The Parochial School adjoins the church. It is a good stone building 
erected in 1853, at a cost of £200, and possesses ample accommodation for 
180 children. Isabella- Shaw, teacher. 

Carvile House, the seat of Charles Rayne, Esq., occupies a commanding 
situation on the north bank of the Tyne. 

Post Office, Wallsend, Tyzack Miller, postmaste7\ Letters arrive, from. Newcastle, 
at 9-30 a.m, and are despatched thereto at 9 p.m. 



Adam Charles, acadeiny 
Aitchinson James, sm'geon 
Allen Jno. & Wm. manufacturing chemists 
Archbold Wm. & Co. colliery owners, Walls- 
end colliery- 
Armstrong Eev. John, vicar, Vicarage 
Atkinson John, under viewer 
Bainbridge William, Esq. barrister 
Brooks John, shipowner 
Brown Leonard, marine store dealer 
Carr John & Co. coke burners, Wallsend 

Quay 
Clarke George, colliery owner 
Coatsworth George, master mariner 
Cook Mr. Thomas 
Cook Thomas, alkali manufacturer 
CrumHe James, grocer, ship chandler, and 

marine store dealer, Wallsend Quay 
Enghsh John, butcher 
Fenwick Thomas, agent 
Forster Benj. grocer, and registrar of births 

and deaths for Wallsend district 
Gair William, ropemaker 
Gray Wm. John, ship owner and insurance 

broker 
Grey Thos. blacksmith, and agricultural 

implement maker 
Gallon Kobt. joiner, cartwright, & builder 
Hall William W. tailor 
Harbitt Joseph, butcher 
Hann Eobert, gTocer 

Hedderley Wm. brazier & tin plate worker 
Hedley Matthew, schoolmaster 
Henderson John, tailor 
Hutchinson Ralph, ship smith, Wallsend 

Quay 
Jameson William, agent 
Johnson Mrs. Eleanor 
Losh William, Esq. Poitit Pleasant 



Milne Charles, druggist and grocer 

Moon Robert, gardener 

Moore Edward, grocer 

Mordue Joseph, vict. Davy Inn, brick and 

tile maker, and lime burner, Wallsend 

Quay and farmer, Wallsend 
Murray Matthew, draper 
Nelson Edward, agent 
Nelson John, shipowner 
Pauling Alexander, shopkeeper 
Rayne Charles, Esq. Carville House 
Reay John, farmer and colliery agent 
Ridley Wilkinson, grocer and draper 
Ross Isabella, draper 
Turner John, butcher 
Shaw Wardle, joiner and cartwright, near 

Wallsend Church 
Smith John, joiner, builder, and shovel 

manufacturer 
Steward Mary, general dealer, Wallsend 

Quay 
Summerson George, shopkeeper 
Swan Wm. E. solicitor and farmer 
Wanless Thomas, grocer 
Wilkinson John, shopkeeper 

Innkeepers 
Bee Hive, William Graham 
Coach & Horses Joseph Atkinson 
Crane House, Stephen Southern 
Davy Inn, Joseph Mordue 
Duke of York, James Knox 
Greenland Fishery, George Soulsby 
Horse (& Hounds, ^V^.ohert Arthur 
Jolhj Sailors, Elizaheth Telford 
Rohin Hood, James Heads 
Ship, Mark Brown 
Ship, WiUiam Hamilton 
Shoulder of Mutton, Henry Middleton 



Farmers 
Brewis Eobert 
Brown Martin 



Dodds Robert 
Moore Edward 
Mordue Joseph 



Eayne Charles 
Reay John 
Swan William E. 



n 



■'"''"^""WALLSEND PAEISH. ' 5k 9 

WiLLiXGTON, a toTvnsliip and village in Wallsend*parisli, is the property of 
Captain Bigge, of Linden, and Messrs. Ord, Collingwood, and Dalton. The 
acreage of the township is returned with the parish, and the rateable value 
is £7,839. Population in 1841, 1,474 ; in 1851, 2,284 souls. Matthew Bell, 
Esq., possesses extensive collieries in this township, which afford employment 
to great numbers of colliers, &c. A melancholy explosion, attended with an 
extensive loss of life, occurred on Monday, April 19th, 1841, at the "Big 
Pit," belonging to Matthew Bell, Esq., situated about midway between 
Newcastle and North Shields, when thirty two individuals, were suddenly 
destroyed. How or where this awful disaster occurred must ever remain 
a matter of speculation. The solution put forward as the most probable, 
and as supported by concurrent testimony, was, that the whole was 
attributable to the neglect of a poor little boy, a trapper, who left one of the 
doors open, to play with two other boys close by. It is essential that these 
doors be shut, except at the very moment when the putter is passing, and in 
the present instance it was supposed that the boy propped open his door, that 
it remained thus for some time, and that the requisite ventilation was thereby 
prevented. The first intimation of danger was a tremendous noise, accom- 
panied by a dense cloud of smoke, issuing from the mouth of the shaft, and a 
violent shock in the neighbourhood, resembhng what might be supposed to 
proceed from an earthquake. As soon as the accident became known, the 
relatives of those who had been engaged in the pit crowded around the place, 
manifesting in every look and action, the most intense anxiety. Two men 
and a boy, employed at some distance in the east headway, were made sensible 
of their danger by the dust and wind which came upon them. Fortunately 
the after-damp was spent, and they reached the shaft in safety ; there they 
found that the stones and wood- work at the bottom were torn from their places 
and had fastened the cage, but, after much labour, they were rescued from 
their perilous position and conveyed to the top in safety. A body of workmen 
immediately descended the shaft, and laboured unremittingly, until they 
discovered the bodies of thirty-two of the sufferers. Three of these were alive 
when first discovered, but they shortly afterwards expired. Many of the 
bodies were in a sound state, indicating that their deaths had been caused by 
suffocation, but, in the majority of cases, they were mutilated, and presented 
a truly appalling sight. Some were so completely bruised and disfigured 
that their coffins had to be sent down into the pit, to prevent limb falling 
from limb, while being conveyed up the shaft. The Village of Willington 
occupies an eminence above the Tyne, four miles east by north of Newcastle. 
Wjllington Quay, in this township, is a very improving place, situated on 
the Tyne, four and a half miles east by north of Newcastle. Ship-building, 
both in wood and iron, is extensively carried on here, by Messrs. Coutts and 
Parkinson, and Messrs. Thomas Adamson & Sons. There is also a patent 
ropery, and several other works. 

Post Office, "Willington, George Nursay, Postmaster. — Letters are received tmce a 
day and despatched once. 



530 



CASTLE WAED — EAST DIVISION, 



Post Opfice, Willington Quay, Elizabeth Bainbridge, Postmistress.- 
at 9-30 a.m., and are despatched at 4 p.m. 



-Letters amve 



Adamson Thomas & Sons, shipbuilders and 
shipowners, Patent Slip yard, Willington 
Quay 
Adamson William, shipbuilder, &o. (T. 
Adamson & Sons): ho. Willington Quay 
Alder Kalph, grocer, ^ViUington Quay 
Alexander Anthony, beer retailer, Willing- 
ton Quay 
Anderson James, surgeon 
Eell Matthew & Co. coUiery owners, Wil- 
lington Colliery 
Bell Percival John, farmer. Colliery Farm 
Beck George, colliery engineer 
Carr.Jno. painter & glazier, Willington Quay 
Clark Christopher, under-"\iewer 
Claveriug George, butcher 
Colhngwood Edward, farmer, WestEarm 
Conway James, marine store dealei', Wil- 
• lington Quay 
Cook Thompson, blacksmith, Willington 

Quay 
Cooper Eobertj viewer, Willington Quay 
Coutts & Parkinson, iron shipbuilders, 

Wilhngton Quay 
Coutts John, Esq. Willington Lodge 
Cuthbertson George, blacksmith, Willing- 
ton Quay 
Cowell William, butcher 
Davidson John, grocer and draper, ^Yil- 

lington Quay 
Dixon George, grocer and provision dealer. 

High AVilHiigton 
Duxfield Geo. Eobson, farmer. North Earm 
Eenwick Piobert, painter and glazier, Wil- 
lington Quay 
Gascoigne Kobt. agent, Willington Colliery 
Gossage William Plerbert, smelting works, 

Willington Quay 
Harrison Jno. oYerman,WillingtonBig Pit 
Johnson John, mining engineer 
Johnson Mrs. Margaret 
Knott Matthew, grocer, Wilhngton Quay 
Ohver Eobt. beer retailer, Willington Quay 
Mather Wilhara, engineer, Willington Quay 
Morrison James, pilot and shipowner, 
Willington Quay 



Zslorrison John, pilot and shipowner, Wil- 
lington Quay 
IMorton Matthew, pilot, Wilhngton Quay 
Nursay George, postmaster and innkeeper, 

AA'illington Quay 
Ogilvie John C. artist, Willington Quay 
Patterson Eobert, academy 
Proctor Joseph, miller, Willington Mill 
Eichardson John, H. cashier, Willington 

ColHery 
Salkeld Henry, sailmaker, shipchandler, 
and agent, Willington Slipway; ho. Wil- 
lington Hill 
Tate James, butcher, Y\^illington Quay 
Turnbull Wm. shipwright, Willington Quay 
Watson Joseph, blockmaker, Willington 

Quaj^, and at Howden 
Y>'atson Eobert, grocer, Willington Quay 
Yv^eatherley Charles, colliery agent, Willing- 
ton House 
Weatherley Mr. John, Willington House 
Wilkinson WiUiam, grocer and draper, Wil- 
lington Quay 
Yarrow Hy. . beer retailer, WillingtonQuay 
l^oung John, pilot, Willington Quay 
Young Eichard, pilot, Willington Quay 

Inns and Public Houses j 

Albion, Peter Park, Wilhngton Quay I 

Albion, Ehzabeth Tulip, YVilhngton Quay ' 
Brown Coio, Samuel Armstrong, Willing- 
ton Quay 
Engine, Jane Wardle 
Coble, Joseph Stobbert, Willington Quay. 
Lord Byron, Eobt. Lamb, Willington Quay 
Neiccastle Arms, Jas. Tate, Willington Quay 
Northumberland Arms, Thomas Henderson 
Railway, Elizabeth Kai'dy 
Piose, Thomas Dobson 
Ship, Mai-tin Clark, Willington Quay 
Turk's Head, Dorothy Scott, Wilhngton 

Quay 
Ship Launch, George Nursay, Willington j 

Quay 
Vulcan, Mary Fowler, Wihington Quay 
Willington House, William Swan | 



Farmers 

Bell Percival John, Colliery 

Farm 
Chf rlton Geo. Wilhngton'Qy. 
Collingwood Edward, West 

Farm 



Davison Thomas, Low Wil- 
lington 

Duxfield George Eobson, 
North Farm 

Forster Wheatley 

Nixon William 



Ship Builders 

Adamson Thomas & Sons, 
Patent Shp Yard, Willing- 
ton Quay 

Coutts & Parkinson, iron, 
Willington Quay 



CASTLE WAED — WEST DIVISION 



DINNINGTON PARISH. 

DiNNiNGTON is a paxisli, comprising the townships of Brenkley, Dinning- 
ton, Horton Grange, Mason, Prestwick, and Woolsington. It comprises an 
area of 5,538 acres ; and its population in 1801, was 560 ; in 1811, 577 ; in 
1821, 626; in 1831, 819; in 1841, 730; and in 1851, 668 souls. Din- 
nington was formerly a part of the parish of Ponteland, but was made a 
distinct parish in 1835, under the act of 58 Geo. III. c. 45. 

Brenkley is a township in this parish, seven and a half miles north hy 
west of Newcastle. It coiitains 885 acres, and its population in 1801, was 
49; in 1811, 39; in 1821, 37; in 1835, 42; in 1841, 56; and in 1851, 
43 souls. John Bigge, Esq., and Clayton de Windt, Esq., are the landowners. 
This township consists of three farm houses and a few cottages. 

DiEECTOET. — The farmers are James Hoy, Barbara Ptowell, and Robert 
Rowell. 

DiNNiKGTON is a township and village in the parish of the same name, the 
property of Matthew Bell, Esq., and Clayton de V/indt, Esq. The township 
contains 812 acres, and its rateable value is £997. The number of inhabit- 
ants in 1801, was 158; in 1811, 172; in 1821, 205; in 1831, 354; in 
1841, 262 ; and in 1851, 263 souls. 

The Village of Dinnington is situated about six and a half miles north 
by west of Newcastle. The Church, dedicated to St. Matthew, was erected 
in 1834, and consecrated by the Bishop of Carlisle in October, 1835. It was 
endowed by Matthew Bell, Esq., and the Warden and Fellows of Merton 
College, Oxford. The living is a vicarage in the archdeaconry of Northumber- 
land and deanery of Newcastle. Incumbent, the Rev. J. N. St. Clair Ray- 
mond, M.A. There are schools here for the education of children of both 
sexes. The Boys' School was enlarged in 1842, by Matthew Bell, Esq., and 
will now accommodate 100 pupils. The Girls' School was erected by Mrs. 
Bell, in 1842, and fourteen boys and ten girls are educated and partly clothed 
at her expense. John Bell and Margaret Mackenzie, teachers. 

In 1820, while ploughing a field called the Back Yards, a little to the west 
of the village, the foundation of a building, several human bones, and some 
skulls, with the teeth perfect in the jav^^ bones, were discovered about three 
feet below the surface of the earth, A number of stones and fire-bricks were 
found, and a regular pavement of whinstones. Two stones, which had been 
dressed, when joined together, formed an octagonal figure, and were evidently 
the remains of a Gothic pillar. These stones were supposed to be the remains 
of a chapel, which is traditionally asserted to have occupied the site where 
they were discovered. 



533 



CASTLE WAED- — WEST DIVISION. 



Post Office, Dinnington, George John Bell, postmaster. — Letters arrive here, from 
Newcastle, at 10-80 a.m. and are despatched thereto at 4-20 p.m. 



Bean John, farmer, Morley-hill 

Bell George John, schoolmaster, assistant 

overseer, and^parish clerk 
Blaclilock John, superintendent constable 

for Castle Ward 
Brewis Jno. hoot &shoemaker&shoplieeper 
Brown Edward, hoot and shoemaker 
Elliott William, vict. Bay Horse 
English Benjamin, tailor 
Johnson John, vict. JVliite Swan Inn 
Mackenzie Mary, schoolmistress 
McDine John, brick & tile manufacturer 

Coach-lane 
McDowell Christopher, shopkeeper 
Potts Thomas, tailor 



Peacock John, farmer, Dinnington and 

Havannah Earms 
Eichley John, boot and shoemaker 
Short John, vict. Masons' Arms 
Simpson George, tailor 
Simpson Ealph, boot and shoemaker 
Simjjson Eobert, boot and shoemaker 
Simpson Thomas, sen. boot and shoemaker 
Simpson Thomas, jun. boot and shoemaker 
Tate Thomas, farmer, Moory Spot 
Taylor John, boot and shoemaker 
Taylor Mr. Joseph 
Turner John, butcher 
Turner Mr. John 
Wardle Thomas, boot and shoemaker 



Carrier. — To Newcastle, John King, on Tuesdays and Saturdays. 

HoETON Grange is a township and hamlet, the principal proprietors of 
which are Lord Decies, Sir Matthew White Eidlej, Bart., Mr. Ekins, and 
others. The township comprises 1,222 acres, and its population in 1801, was 
62; in 1811, 80; in 1821, 66; in 1831, 64; in 1841, 64; and in 1851, 
76 souls. This township is divided into four farms, one of which bears the 
designation of Make w Rich. The Hamlet of Horton Grange is situated 
eight and a half miles N.N.W. of Newcastle. Mr. Richard Coats, of this 
place, at his decease in 1719, bequeathed the whole of his effects, at or about 
£70 per annum, to the parish of Ponteland, for a charity school. . 

DiEECTORY. — William Goodfellow, agent; and the farmers are Thomas 
Bell, Make 'm Rich; George Green, Low House; John Tone, Carr House; 
and Stephen Oliver, Horton Grange. 

Mason is a township and hamlet, the property of Clayton de Windt, Esq. 
The township comprises an area of 1165 acres,fand the number of its inhabit- 
ants in 1801, was 112; in 1811, 97; in 1821," 127; in 1831, 134; in 1841, 
144; and in 1851, 126 souls. The Hamlet of Mason is situated seven 
miles N.N.W. from Newcastle. 



Common Eobert, Thomas, and William, 

cartwrights and joiners 
Jordan William, blacksmith 
Eaymond J. N. St. Clair, M.A. vicar of 
''^^ Dinnington] 

Watson William, stonemason 
Watson Matthew, boot and shoemaker 



Farmers 

Brewis James & Son, South East Mason 
Fenwick Edward and George, Mill Hill 
Fenwick Edwd& James, North East Mason 
Fenwick James, Hack Hall 
Fenwick William, Gardner's Houses 
MaxAvell James, South Mason 
Eutherford Eobert, Mason Farm 



Peestwicz is a township and hamlet the principal landowners of which 
are Matthew Bell, Esq., Mrs. Fenwick, and Mr. Pearse. The township con- 
tains 621 acres, and its rateable value is £1,360. Population in 1801, 3 22 ; 
in 1811, 183- in 1821, 155 ; in 1831, 168; in 1841, 161; and in 1851, 



DINNING TON PARISH. 



583 



148 souls. A portion of Prestwick, containing nine houses and forty-six 
persons in 1851, is in the parish of Ponteland — the entire township is here re- 
turned. Pbestwick Carr, an extensive marshy piece of land situated a little to 
the north of Prestwick, comprises about 1,100 acres, the whole of which is in- 
undated in rainy seasons by the overflowing of the river Pont, which crosses 
its western extremity. Though a drain has been cut from this marsh to the 
river, a large lake, and several smaller bodies of water remain upon it in dry 
summers, but in very wet weather they form one vast sheet of water, abound- 
ing with various kinds of fish, and are much resorted to by different species 
of ^^dld fowl. In summer, the sides of the Carr form a fertile and extensive 
pasturage, where the farmers and householders of Berwick Hill, Brenkley, 
Dinnington, Plorton Grange, Prestwick, and the Eland Hall estate, have 
commonage without stint or charge. About the middle of May, 1837, as two 
gentlemen were exercising some spaniels in the vicinity of Prestwick Carr, 
the dogs made a dead stand at a spot from which nothing could remove them 
On examination they were found engaged with two fox cubs amongst a tuft of 
fiu'ze, which had been isolated during the long continuance of wet weather, 
where they had reposed secure during the hunting season. The following 
is a list of viands provided by their dam : — Thirty goslings, three leverets, 
three rabbits, two bald coots, one large eel, and the remains of a hen pheasant. 

The Hamlet of Prestwick is situated six and a half miles N.N.W. of New- 
castle. Prestwick Lodge ig a fine modern mansion, the seat of Captain 
Charles Shum. 

Street Houses is a hamlet in this township, on the road to Ponteland, six 
and a half miles north-west by north of Newcastle. 



Bell John, butcher 
Bell Nicholas, farmer 
lenwick John Wilkinson, Street Houses 
Faulder Mr. Geoffrey, Street Houses 
Gilhespy Robert, vict. Woolsington Arms 
Harrison Thomas, farmer, Street Houses 
Hoy Robert, farmer, East End Tower 
Mullin Connolly, brick & tile manufacturer, 

Prestwick Tile Works 
Henderson Jas. farmer, Prestwick Whins 



Shum Captain Charles. Prestwick Lodge 
Turner Robert, coal owner (Turner and 

Young); ho. Prestwick 
Turner & Young, coal owners, Prestwick 

Colliery 
Young William, coal owner (Turner and 

Young); ho. Prestwick 
Younger Mrs. Barbara, farmer, Prestwick 

Lodge Farm 



Woolsington, a small township situated five miles north west by north of 
Newcastle, comprises an area of 833 acres, and its rateable value is £600. The 
numberof its inhabitants in 1801, was 57; inlSll, 56; in 1821, 36; in 1831, 
57; in 1841, 74 : and in 1851, 59 souls. This estate was anciently a manor, 
and part of the possessions of the Priory of Tynemouth. After the suppression 
of the religious houses it became the property of the Jenisons, but subsequently 
came into the possession of the Bells with whom it still remains. Matthew 
Bell, Esq., is the present proprietor. The Mansion house is a neat building 
tastefully ornamented with fine plantations. The views from this mansion 
are very beautiful and extensive. " Ponteland," says a tourist, " is seated in 
the depth of a vale, shrouded with trees ; Eland Hall crowns an eminence 



534 CASTLE WAEL WEST DIVISION. 

to the right, beyond which Gosforth fills the distant landscape ; Benridge 
House is to the left, and Kirkley is discerned through the trees by which it is 
surrounded. Ogle occupies an emminence in front, over which Whalton is 
seen, and the rugged rocks of Rothbury form the distant back ground." 

DiBECTOEY. — Matthew Bell, Esq., Woolsington Hail; and Matthew Jewett, 
farmer, Woolsington High House. 

MELDON PARISH. 

Meldon parish is situated in the north-west corner of Castle Ward, and 
comprises an area of 993 acres. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 
54; in 1811, 129; in 1831, 129; in 1831, 114; in 1841, 159 ; and in 1851, 
144 souls. John Cookson, Esq., of Meldon Hall, is lord of the manor 
and owner of the soil. Meldon was anciently a member of the barony of 
Mitford, and seems to have been a place of some importance, for we find here 
the remains of a large strong building, with extensive gardens, and in Meldon 
Park the traces of several other edifices have been discovered. This place 
was formerly the property of the ancient family of Fenwick, from v/hom it 
was transferred by marriage to the Derwentwaters, in which family it 
continued till the attainder of James, the third Earl, when it was forfeited 
to the crown. It was aftervv^ards granted to Greenwich Hospital, and was 
subsequently sold by the Commissioners of the Hospital to Isaac Cookson, 
Esq., alderman of Newcastle, for the sum of 56,900 guineas. 

The Village of Meldon is situated south of the river Wansbeck, five 
miles west by south of Morpeth, The Chukch, dedicated to St. John the 
Evangelist, is a smaU edifice, rebuilt in the year 1849, and is capable of ac- 
commodating about eighty persons. There is a monument to Sir William 
Fenwick, in the west end, and on the north wall of the chancel is another to 
the memory of Isaac Cookson, Esq., of Meldon Park, wlio died at Munich, 
in Bavaria, in the year 1851, and was buried in a vault in the churchyard, 
on the 95th of October of the same year. The living, a discharged vicarage 
in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne, and deanery of Morpeth, is valued in the 
Liber Regis at £4. 17s. lid.; gross income, £o22. Patrons, the Dean and 
Chapter of Durham ; incumbent, the Rev. James Raine, M.A. The parish 
register commences in 1706. 

Meldon Paek Cokner is a small village situated four and three-quarter 
miles west of Morpeth, at the junction of two cross roads, where Meldon, 
Mitford, and Hartburn parishes meet. It consists of several houses in the 
above-named parishes 

Directory. — John Cookson, Esq., Meldon Park; Peter Bryce, shopkeeper; 
Thomas, and John Johnson, millers ; John Thompson, parish clerk ; and the 
farmers are Joseph Lennox, Meldon Lane House; and Edward Scott. 

NEWBURN PARISH. 

Newburn, a parish in the west division of Castle Ward, and east division of 
Tindale Ward, is bounded on the north by Ponteland parish, on the west by 



KEWBUEN PAEISH. 535 

Tindale Ward and Heddon-on-tlie-Yfall, on the south by the river Tyne, and 
on the east by the parishes of Gosforth and St. John, It contains 11,566 
acres, and the nuniber of its inhabitants in 180] , was 4,142 ; in ] 811, 3,993; 
in 1831, 4,166; in 1841, 4,582; in 1841, 4,156; and in 1851, 4,316 souls. 
This parish inckides the townsliips of Black Callerton, Butterlaw, Daltou, 
East Denton, West Denton, North Dissington, South Dissington, Newbiggin, 
Newburn, Xewbuni Hall, Sugley, Throckley, Walbottle, and Whorlton East 
and West. A small portion of the township of Black Callerton, in the parish 
of Ponteland, containing two houses and nine persons in 1851, belongs to 
this parish. The Bishop of Carlisle is the owner of the tithes. This is a 
very fertile district, with a varied and beautiful surface. On the banks of the 
Tyne, in this parish, there are extensive iron works, coal staiths, brick and. 
tile yards, chemical works, and other manufactories of various kinds. 

Black Calleeton is a township and village, the property of Henry 
Graham, Esq. The township comprises an area of 1,377 acres, and its rate- 
able value is £1,528. Population in 1801, 495 ; in 1811, 176; in 1821, 173; 
in 1831, 438; in 1841, J 58 ; and in 1851, 200 souls. Coal of a superior 
quality is found in this township. The Village of Black Callerton is 
situated three and half miles north north-east from Newburn. Here is a day- 
school, founded by the will of N. Blackiston, in 1721, and endowed with a rent 
charge of £9. 10s. per annum. The governors are the minister and church- 
wardens of the parish, who have the right of appointing the master, and 
it is free to the children of the poor inhabitants of Callerton. James 
Thompson, teacher. 

Chaeities. — Beside the school, Black Callerton possesses the sum of £3 
per annum, left by William Alder, for the purpose of apprenticing poor boys 
of the township to some suitable trade. 



Foster Antiiony, coal OTvner, Black Callerton 

Colliery 
Marshall Geo. Hacksmith and agricultural 

implement maker 
Moor John, land agent 
Eichardson Mansiield, vict. Wheat Sheaf, 

Callerton Lane End 
Eobinson Thomas, stonemason 
Thompson James, schoolmaster, Black 

Callerton School 



Tweedy George, laiid drainer for Josiah 

Parks, Esq. C.E. 
Watson Eobt. joiner and cartwright, Lough 

House Farmers 

Anderson Eobert, Throckley Marsh 
Cairns" Joseph, and overseer of the poor, 

Broom Hall 
Cairns Jane and John, Black Callerton 
Davidson Eichd. & corn miller, LowLuddick 
Wood Ealph, Throckley Barns 

Butterlaw is a township situated five miles west north-west from New- 
castle. It contains 250 acres, and its rateable value is £254. The number 
of inhabitants in 1801, was 24; in 1811, 24 ; in 1821, 28 ; in 1831, 30 ; in 
1841, 16; and in 1851, 15 souls. It is the sole property of the Duke of 
Northumberland, and is exclusively occupied by Mr. AVm. Younger, farmer. 

Dalton is a township and village in this parish, but locally situated in the 
eastern division of Tindale Ward. The township comprises an area of 1,035 
acres, its rateable value is £928, and the principal proprietors are Edward 
Collingwood, Esq., Hugh Moises, Esq., and Edward Eiddell, Esq. The 
population in 1801, was 104 in 1811, 122 ; in 1821, 122 ; in 1831, lOG ; 



■553 CASTLE WARD — WEST DIVISION. 

in 1841 103 ; and in 1851, 113 souls. The tithes were commated in 1839— 
aggregate amount, £ 120. Is. 1 Id. The Village of Dalton occupies a healthy 
and pleasant situation on the northern bank of the river Pont, eleven 
miles north-west of Newcastle. It consists of a chapel, one farm-house, and 
some cottages, which are chiefly inhabited by the workmen in the employ of 
Edward Collingwood, Esq. The Chapel, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, 
was erected in 1837. It contains 200 sittings, of which 180 are free and 
unappropriated. There is a neat school and teacher's house, erected in 1843. 
Thomas Penman, teacher. Corn milhng is extensively carried on in this 
township, by Mr. Thomas Seyburn. 

Directory. — Ann Davison, grocer ; John Ferguson, stonemason ; William 
Johnson stonemason ; Thomas Penman, schoolmaster, organist, and chapel- 
clerk ; Thomas Scott, boot and shoemaker ; Thomas Seyburn, corn miller, 
Dalton Mill; Edward Sisson, farm-baihff, Windywalls ; Mr. Frederick Shield, 
Dalton House; and the farmers are George Barkas, Ptobsheugh; John Marl ey, 
Silver-hill ; Robert Weddle, and guardian, Dalton ; and Thomas Pddley 
Woddle, and overseer, Dalton. 

Denton (East) is a township and village, of which Lord Piokeby is the 
principal landowner. The area of the townships of East Denton and Sugley, 
which have been returned together, is 809 acres, and their united population 
in 1801, was 733 ; in 1811, 824; of East Denton alone, in 1821, 548 ; in 
1831, 524; in 1841, 543 ; and in 1851, 493 souls.— Rateable value £2,001. 
This township was formerly the property of the Priors of Tynemouth, who 
erected the Chapel adjacent to the Hall, but after the dissolution of the 
monastic institutions, it became successively the property of the Erringtons, 
the Rogers, and the Montagues ; from the latter of whom it came into the 
possession of Matthew Robinson, Esq., who, in conformity with the will of 
the rehct of Edward Montague, Esq., assumed the name of that family. 
The Village of East Denton is situated on the Hexham road, three and 
a half miles W.N.W. of Newcastle. Here is a Methodist New Connexion 
Chapel, which was repaired and altered in 1850. 

ScoTswooD, a village partly in this township, and partly in that of Benwell 
is situated on the north bank of the Tyne, a little below Bell's Close, and 
about three miles west of Newcastle. It contains paper mills, chemical, 
works, and an extensive fire-brick manufactory. A little to the east of this 
village a fine suspension bridge crosses the Tyne. It was erected from a 
design by John Green, Esq., and opened on the 12th of April, 1831. 

Biography. — Mrs. Montague, daughter of Matthew Robinson, of West 
Layton, in Yorkshire, was the wife of Edward Montague, Esq., of this 
township. Her inclination for literary pursuits w^as very early displayed, 
and she is said to have transcribed the whole of the Spectator before the 
completion of her eighth year. This lady was an excellent scholar, pos- 
sessing a sound judgement and refined taste. Speaking of her. Dr. 
Johnson observed, that " she did not make a trade of her wit, but she was 
a very extraordinary woman, she had a constant stream of conversation, and 
it was always impregnated, it had always meaning." Her " Essay on the 
Writings and Genius of Shakspeare," in answer to the objections of Voltaire, 



KEWBUEN PARISH* 



537 



must always rank with the best illustrations of the trancendant powers of the 
" immortal bard." It is not an elaborate dissertation on the meaning of 
obscm-e passages, but a comprehensive survey of the sublimity of his genius — 
of his profound knowledge of human nature— and of the wonderful resources 
of his imagination. But it was in epistolary correspondence that Mrs. Mon- 
tague particularly excelled, and her letters in point of judgement, learning, and 
eloquence, far exceed those of her namesake the Lady Mary Wortley Montague. 
She died at East Denton, at a very advanced age, on the 25th of August, 1800. 

Moralee John, schoolmaster, Scotswood 

Eeay Wm. farmer, Black Swine 

Eobson Hoyle & Co. Venetian red mnfrs. 

Pardise ; office Close, Newcastle 
Eoss John, merchant tailor, Scotswood 



Scott Vf. H. surgeon, Scotswood 
Scotswood Brick and Tile Company, mnfrs. 

of lampblack, coke, varnish, and coal oil, 

Scotswood 
Smith Edward, blacksmith and agricultural 

implement maker, Denton Square 
Smith John, grocer, Scotswood 
Towns Alfred, butcher, Scotswood 
Urwin Isabella, vict. Mason's Arms Inn, 

Denton Burn 
Uren Joseph, butcher, vict. and grocer 

Scotswood 



Arthur Wilhara, farmer and overseer, Eed 

Cow, East Denton 
Barnup Wm. farmer. East Denton House 
Carr Thos. & Son,fire-brick manufacturers, 

Scotswood 
Cox John, vict. Ord Arms Inn, Scotswood 
Fletcher Falconer & Co. paper manufac- 
turers, Scotswood 
Grace N. & Co. paper manfactrs. Scotswood 
Hagg John, joiner&cartwright.DentonBurn 
Humble Thomas, manufacturer of water 

closet pans, & other articles for sanitary 

purposes,Scotswood; works at St.Lawrence 
Hoyle Eichard, merchant, Denton Hall 
Lister Mrs. Elizabeth, Scotswood House 
Lister Ealph, manufacturer of firebricks, 

crucibles, gas retorts, chemical apparatus, 

socket pipes, &c. Scotswood 

Denton (West) is a township and village, the property of Joseph Lamb, Esq. 
of Exwell Park, in the county of Durham. The township contains 329 acres, 
and its rateable value is £1,167. 8s. Od. Population in 1801, 423 ; in 1811, 
362; in 1821, 404; in 1831, 455; in 1841, 420; and in 1851, 471 souls. 

The Village of West Denton is situated south of the Hexham turnpike 
road, about three and a half miles west by north of Newcastle. Many 
Roman remains have been discovered in the vicinity of this place, at 
various periods. 

Bell's Close, an irregularly built village in this township, is situated on 
the north bank of the Tyne, three and a quarter miles west of Newcastle. 
Here are extensive firebrick works, which are carried on by Messrs. Black- 
lock and Hall. The Wesleyan Methodists have a chapel here, which was 
erected in 1839. 



Angus George, merchant. West Denton 

House 
Atkinson Eobt. shoemaker, Paniard Houses 
Black Eobert, vict. Long Boat Inn, Bell's 

Close 
Blacklock and Hall, firebrick manufacturers 

Bell's Close 
Carter John, timber merchant, Bell's Close 
Dodds Jeremiah, road surveyor 
Dodds Thomas, blacksmith & agricultural 

implement maker 
Hall William, butcher, Bell's Close 

2 K 2 



Harriman and Humble, tallow chandlers, 
Bell's Close 

Harriman William, grocer & sanitaiy pipe 
manufacturer. Bell's Close 

Humble Thomas, tallow chandler (Hai'ri- 
man and Humble) ; ho. Scotswood 

Kirton William, blacksmith, agricultural 
implement maker, and fai'mer, Denton 
Hill Head 

Scott John, joiner and cartwright (Hut- 
chinson and Scott) ; ho. Black-row 

Waller Jolin, grocer, &c. Bell's Close 



538 CASTLE WAED TvEST DIVISION. 

DissiNGTON (North) is a townsliip and liamlet, tlie property of Edward- 
Collingwood, Esq. The area of the township is 1,140 acres, and the rateable 
value is £1,04:2. The number of inhabitants in 180], was 80; in 1811, 
8T ; in 1821, 65 ; in 1831, 76 ; in 1841, 67; and in 1851, 70 souls. The 
Hamlet of North Dissington is about nine miles W.N.W. of Newcastle. It 
is remarkable as being the birth-place of the gallant Admiral Sir Ralph 
Delaval, who entered the navy at an early age, and under the patronage of 
the Duke of York, afterwards James II., rose regularly in rank, until he 
became captain of the " York," a third-rate man of war, which position he 
occupied at the revolution which drove his patron from the throne. Shortly 
after the accession of William III., he was raised to the rank of rear-admiral 
of the blue, and received the honour of knighthood. He subsequently served 
under the Earl of Torrington, at the battle of Beachy Head, in which the 
English and Dutch Fleets were beaten by the French, on the 30th of June, 
1690. He was shortly afterwards promoted to the rank of vice-admiral of 
the blue, and in 1692 was declared" vice-admiiYol of the red, and entrusted 
with the command of a large squadron of English and Dutch sliips, for the pro- 
tection of the Mediterranean fleet, which serwice he performed with great skill 
and success. At the battle of LaHogue, on the 19th of May of the same year, 
he bravely sustained his reputation, and destroyed some of the enemy's largest 
ships. Subsequent to this action, Admiral Delaval became the victim of court 
intrigue, and lost his command, his services to his country being entirely 
forgotten. He afterwards lived as a private gentleman till his decease, in 
January, 1807. He w^as buried in Westminster Abbey, and notwithstanding 
the violence of party prejudice, he descended to the grave with the reputation 
of a great and gallant officer, and of a generous and hospitable man. 

Directory, — Edward Collingwood, Esq., J. P. Dissington Hall ; John Cook, 
gardener ; Yvliliam Gilhespay, blacksmith and agricultural implement maker ; 
Wilham Summers, gamekeeper ; and the farmers are, Yf illiam Ridley, and 
overseer, Dissington East Houses ; and Jane Younger, Cairn House. 

DissixGTON (South) is a township and hamlet, containing 1,342 acres, and 
its population in 1801, was 93 ; in 1811, 90 ; in 1821, 74; in 1831, 77 ; in 
1841, 76 ; and in 1851, 68 souls. Edward Collingwood, Esq., is the princi- 
pal proprietor. The Hamlet of South Dissington is situated nine and a 
half miles north-west of Ne\^ castle. This place was for many centuries 
the seat of the ancient family of Delaval. 

Directory. — George Aimitage, cattle dealer, Dissington Lane House ; 
William Scott, vict. blacksmith, and agricultural implement maker, Three 
Horse Shoes Inn, Throckley Fell; Joseph Twaddle, Penny Hill; and the 
farmers are, Thomas Anderson, Dissington Old Hall; Geo. Cofton, Donkins 
Houses ; George Sanderson, Lane House ; and James Swan. 

Newbiggin, a small township in this parish, three and three quarter miles 
north-west of Newcastle, is the propertyof Matthew Bell, Esq., of Woolsington. 
It contains 519 acres, and its rateable value is £715. Population in 1801, 
53; in 1811, 43; in 1821, 47; in 1831, 64; in 1841, 33; and in 1851> 
53 souls. 



KEWBUEN PARISH. 539 

Directory. — Frederick S^Ya^ Tocld, bottle manufacturer; Thomas White, 
■woodkeeper for M. Bell, Esq., Hollj^weil Eeiis; and the farmers are, John 
Herron, and William Ryle, Pack's House. 

Newburn is a toTaiship and village in the parish of the same name, con- 
taining an area of 790 acres, and its population in 1801, was 805 ; in 1811, 
787; in 1821, 918; in 1831, 966; in 1831, 943; and in 1851, 938 souls. 
The Duke of Northumberland is lord of the manor, and holds a court-leet 
annually, when constables are sworn in, and inspectors of w^eights, measures, 
&c., are appointed. Sir Walter B. Riddell is stew^ard of the court. 

The Village of Newburn is situated on the Tyne, about five miles west 
by north of Newcastle. It was anciently a borough, the manor of which, 
with all its regalities, was given by King John to Robert, son of Roger do 
Clavering, Baron of V/arkwortli. John, the last Lord Clavering, granted 
the reversion of it to the crown, and Edward III. gave it to Henry Lord 
Percy, from whom it has descended to the present proprietor. We find the 
village of Newburn mentioned as early as the year ] 071, for at that time, 
Wilham the Conoueror having deprived Osulph of the earldom of Northum- 
berland, and conferred it upon Copsi, the uncle of Earl Tostig, Osulph 
was obliged to take refuge in the woods and mountains, where he collected a 
band of men, in circumstances similar to his own. With these desperadoes, 
he beset a house at Newburn, in which Copsi was feasting, and pursuing 
him to the church, whither he had fled for protection, immediately set it on 
fire. Copsi being driven forth by the flames, was slain in the porch by Osulph. 
This occurred on the IJth of March, Copsi having only enjoyed his dignity 
for the short space of five weeks. On the 20th of August, 1640, the Scottish 
Covenanters, under General Lesley, crossed the Tweed, and marched without 
opposition to Newbui'n, where Lord Conway, who commanded the royal forces 
in the absence of the Earls of Northumberland and Strafford, had taken a 
position and thrown up entrenchments to defend the ford over the Tyne. 
On the 27th the Scots pitched their tents on Heddon Law, above Newburn, 
whence there was a continued descent to the river, and in the night made 
great fires in and around their camp. The same night, the king's 
army, consisting of three thousand foot and one thousand five hundred 
horse, w^ere drawn out on Stella Haugh, a plain meadow ground nearly 
a mile in length, on the south side of the Tyne. Their position was 
strengthened by two breastworks, thrown up opposite the fordable places of the 
river, and defended by cannon and musketry. On the 28Lh, the Scots, who 
haol the advantage of the rising ground, brought down some pieces of cannon, 
and planted them in the church steeple of New^burn, lining at the same time 
all the lanes and hedges, in the neighbourhood of the village, with musketeers. 
Both parties remained inactive during the forenoon, till an accidental circum- 
stance occasioned the beginning of tbe conflict. A Scotch ofiicer came out of 
one of the houses of Newburn, and watered his horse in the Tyne, this being 
perceived by one of the English soldiers, he levelled his piece, and brought 
the of&cer from his horse, upon which the Scots immediately commenced the 
action by opening their fire upon the breast works of the Eughsh, who, in 



540 CASTLE WAED WEST DIVISION. 

tlieir turn, cannonaded the Scots that were posted in the church and village. 
The advantages of numbers, discipline, and position, were possessed bj the 
Scots, and by the time that the ebb tide had rendered the river fordable, their 
cannon had driven the English from their works, and Lesley, perceiving the 
men running from their guns, ordered Major Ballantyne, with a forlorn hope 
of twenty-six horse, to pass the river to reconnoitre. To cover this movement 
a heavy cannonade was kept up by the Scots, so that Ballantyne and his 
party were able to establish themselves on the south bank, which was speedily 
attained by several other portions of the Scottish forces. The Enghsh horse, 
who w^ere drawn up on the flat grounds near the Tyne, stood for some time 
exposed to the fire of nine pieces of ordnance, with which Lesley covered the 
passage of his men, but were at last broken and thrown into confusion, and, 
as the Scots continued to pass the river in great numbers, the rout became 
general. The main body of the infantry retreated in disorder, by Ryton and 
Stella Haugh, to Newcastle, whilst Sir John Digby, Commissary Wilmot, and 
O'Neil, an Irish officer, who endeavoured to cover the retreat with the horse, 
were surrounded and made prisoners by Lesley, who treated them and the 
w^hole of the prisoners with the greatest honour, and soon after permitted them 
to rejoin the royal forces. 

The Chuegh, dedicated to St. Michael and all the Holy Angels, is a neat 
cruciform structure, with a square tower, and underwent a thorough renova- 
tion, in 1827, at which time the window over the communion table, was con- 
siderably improved by the introduction of stained glass. The living is a 
discharged vicarage in the archdeaconry of Northumberland and deanery of 
Newcastle, valued in the Liber Regis at £16; gross income £240, exclusive 
of the vicarage house. Patron and appropriator, the Bishop of Carlisle ; in- 
cunibent, the Rev. John Reed, B.A. The parish register commences in 
1659. A fine memorial window has been lately placed in the eastern end of 
this church, by the James family, in memory of their mother. It consists of 
three lights, or compartments, the centre one representing the Crucifixon, 
and the two lateral ones the Annunciation and the Last Judgment. This 
beautiful window is the w^ork of Mr. Wailes, of Newcastle. 

In connection with the parish church are two Chapels of Ease, situated re- 
spectively in Dalton and Sugley Field, the former is dedicated to the Holy 
Trinity and the latter to the Holy Saviour. They were both erected in the 
years 1836-37, from designs by Mr. Green, architect, of Newcastle. In 1838, 
a complete communion service was presented to the chapel of the Holy Trinity, 
by Ralph Bates, Esq., of Milburn Hall, and in November of the following 
year A. G. Potter, Esq., of Walbottle House, and his brothers presented to 
the church at Newburn, a beautiful and elegant stained glass window, by Mr. 
Wailes, of Newcastle. The window is of|the Tudor date of arcliitecture, in 
the upper tracery of which are the emblems of the holy evangelists and the 
letters I.H.S. The lower portion of this beautiful work of art is filled up 
with a rich and ornamental device of the period, in which are introduced the 
arms of the Potter family, and the following legend : — Deo et EccLESiiE 
Fkatres Potter, Dicaverunt. A.D. MDCCCXXXIX. 



NEWBUEN PARISH. 



541 



There is a Wesley an Methodist Chapel here, which was erected in 1839. 
Newbuen School was built in 1822, it bears the following inscription : — 
" Erected by Hugh, Duke of Northumberland, Lord of the Manor. Hugh 
Taylor, BaHiftV His Grace also endowed it with the sum of ten guineas 
per annum. Messrs. John Spencer and Sons, possess extensive premises 
here, in which steel, files, &c., are manufactured, and employment afforded 
to upwards ^of 200 persons. 

New Winning is a hamlet in this township, five miles west by north from 
Newcastle. At fNewburn and Lemington Point are salmon fisheries, of 
which Mr. Robert Forster is lessee. 

Charities. — Robert Delaval, who died in 1666, gave to the poor of this 
parish £5, to be paid for ever by the land of South Dissington ; and John 
Blackett, in 1707, left to the poor of this parish, the sum of £4 per annum, 
payable out of the West Denton estate. Gawen Stoker, who died in 1741, gave 
twenty shillings a year, to be paid annually on Good Friday, to the poor of 
the township of Newburn, and Utrick Whitfield, by will, in 1746 left £50 to 
the poor of this parish. The interest of this sum is received by the vicar, 
and given away yearly at Christmas. 

Post Office, Newbuen, Charles Browel, postmaster. Letters arrive here, from New- 
castle, at 12 noon, and are despatched thereto at 2-15 p.m. 



Blackburn John, gardener 

Browell Charles, grocer & flour dealer, and 

boot and shoemaker 
Brown John, constable, and manager of 

brick works 
Davison Eobert Smith, M.K.C.S. & L.A.C. 
Fawall George, butcher 
Finney Thomas, surgeon. Manor House 
Forster Kobt. farmer and salmon fisherman 
Hall Elizabeth, farmer 
HargreaveWm.builder& contractor, farmer, 

and gi'ocer'and flour'dealer 
Hunter William L. butcher 
Johnson Edward, stonemason 
Moor Dorothy, shopkeeper 

Inns and Taverns 

Blade Boy, George Hunter 

Cock Inn, John Middleton, New Winning 



Moore Timothy, boot and shoe maker, 
Dewley 

Eeed Kev. John, B.A, vicar 

Spencer John & Sons, manufacturers of 
steel, files, springs for locomotive engines 
and railway carriages, &c. &c. Newburn 
Steel Works — Ofiice, 78, Westgate-street, 
Newcastle, and 124, Fen church street, 
London 

Spencer John, jun. steel, etc. manufacturer 
(John Spencer & Sons) ; ho. Newburn 

Stobard James, boot and shoemaker 

Taylor Edward, butcher 

Taylor James, grocer 

Thompson Thomas, stonemason 

Ferry Boat, George Hall 
Highlander, Henry Potter 
Three Horse Shoes, James Walker, and 
blacksmith 



Newburn Hall is an adjoining township to the above, the property of the 
Duke of Northumberland. It comprises an area of 876 acres, and its popu- 
lation in 1801, was 624; in 1811, 633; in 1821, 629; in 1831, 636; in 
1841, 665; and in 1851, 670 souls. This township contains the eastern 
suburb of Newburn. The old mansion, from which the name of the township 
is derived, is now converted into a farm house, whose walls are in some places 
six or seven feet in thickness. 



542 



CASTLE WARD— WEST DIYISION. 



Lemington is a populous village, partly in the towusliip of Xewburn Hall, 
and partly in that of Sugley. It is conveniently situated on the northern 
bank of the river Tyne, and consists of a confused assemblage of cottages 
which are chiefly inhabited by the workmen employed in the Tyne Iron 
Works, and the Northumberland Glass Works, an extensive Crown Glass 
manufactory, w^hich is carried on by Thomas Harrison & Go. Lemington is 
about one mile east from Xewburu, and three miles west from Newcastle. 



Arthur Geo. farmer, Newbum Hill Head 

Blackburn John, gardener 

Dayison George, grocer and flour dealer, 

Lemington 
Finney Edward, innkeeper, Lemington 
Galley Isabella, grocer, &c. Lemington 
Galley Joseph, staithsman, Walbottlo Col- 
liery, house Lemington 
Gardener Winifred, ^ict. Doctor Syntax Inn, 

Lemington 
Hall Mrs. Ehzabeth, NewburnHall 
Harrison Thomas, & Co. crown glass manu- 

factm-ers, Xorthumberland Crown Glass 

Y/orks, Lemington 
Hutchinson & Scott, joiners & cartwrights, 

workshop, Black Eow 
Hutchinson Thompson, joiner and cart- 

■wnght (Hutchinson & Scott) ; house, 

Lemington Cottage 



Jackson Michael, farmer, Lemington Lane 
Johnson Eichard, stonemason, Newbum 

Cottage 
Moore Thos. boot & shoemaker, Dewley 
Nixon WilUam, farmer, Union Hall 
Smith James, innkeeper,' Lemington 
Spencer John, sen. steel (fcc. manufacturer 

(John Spencer & Sons) ; ho. Lemington 

HaU 
Spencer Michael, steel &c. manufacturer 

(John Spencer & Sons); ho. Lemington 

Hall 
Spencer Thomas, steel &g. manufacturer 

(John Spencer & Sons) ; ho. Lemington 

Hall 
Wright Gilbert, glass manufacturer (Thos. 

Harrison & Co.) ; ho. Tilla-place 
Wright Wilh am, glass manufacturer (Thos. 

Harrison & Co.) : ho. Yilla Eeal 



Sugley, a township in the above parish situated four miles west of New- 
castle, is the property of Lord Rokeby. The acreage of this to\^^lship is 
returned with that of East Denton as was also the population previous to 
1821. In that year it was 266 ; in 1R31, 255 ; in 1841, 212 ; and in 1851, 
222 souls, The " Tyne Iron Works " are situated in this township. They 
are very extensive and afford employment to 180 persons. 

The Chapel of the Holy Sa^dour is situated in Sugley Field. It 
is a very neat edifice in the early English style, erected in 1836-37 at a cost 
of about £900. and possesses sufficient accommodation for 2T0 persons. 
The eastern window of this chapel is much admired, and reflects the highest 
credit upon Mr. Waiies of Xewcastle, by whom it was constructed. It is 
divided into three compartments, the centre one being occupied by a full 
length figure of the Redeemer, St. John the Baptist, and St. John the 
Evangelist. There is also a representation of the Ascension in the ti'efoil 
above. In the two side lights are the figures of the Blessed Virgin with the 
Di^dne Infant, and St. Elizabeth, and the Infant Baptist. The whole of the 
sittings in this beautiful little chapel are free and unappropriated. There is 
a school attached to the chapel, Thomas Gibhng, teacher. 

DiREcToPvT. — WiUiam Downing, agent, and Thomas Gibling, schoolmaster. 

Throckley is a township and hamlet in this parish, the property of the 
Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital. The township comprises an area of 
1,263 acres, and the rateable value is ^61,025. The lessees of the tithes, 



NEWBUEN PAEISH. 543 

which amount to £145, are Messrs. Dickmson and Bainbridge. The number 
of inhabitants in 1801, was 188; in 1811, 192; in 1831, 159; in 1831,208; 
in 1841, 160 ; and in 1851, 159 souls. The Hamlet of Throckley is situa- 
ted one mile north bj west from Newburn, and six and a half miles W.N.W. 
from Newcastle. Here is a neat Methodist Chapel erected in 1850. 

Directory. — Mr. William Anderson; William Chorlton, grocer and 
merchant tailor, Newburn Lane End ; Armstrong Forster, blacksmith and 
agiicultural implement maker, New^burn Lane End ; Mr. Glover, agent ; 
Stephen Nesbit, vict. Crown and Anchor Inn; Thomas Patterson, corn miller, 
Throckley Mill ; Mr. Edward Steel ; and William Stephenson, coal owner and 
brick and tile manufacturer, Throckley House. 

Walbottle is a township and village in the above-named parish, the pro- 
perty of the Duke of Northumberland, who is also lord of the manor. The 
toi^mship contains 1,251 acres, audits rateable value is £2,581. Population 
in 1801, 462 ; in 1811, 591 ; in 1821, 676; in 1831 ; 688 ; in 1841, 683 ; 
and in 1851, 782 souls. Here are extensive coal mines which are worked 
by Messrs. Lamb and Potter, and Lamb & Co. 

The Village of Walbottle is situated four and a half miles west by north 
of Newcastle. It contains a Wesleyan and Primitive Methodist Chapel, two 
day schools, some respectable inns, and a few grocers shops. The Eev. 
James Eaine in his " History of North Durham," fixes on Walbottle as the 
place where Peada, son of the sanguinary Penda, king of Mercia, and Sigebert 
monarch of East Anglia, were baptised by Einan in 653, In July, 1786, 
some very heavy falls of rain occurred in this neighbourhood, and the small 
rivulet that passes Walbottle swelled very rapidly. A small arch having 
been previously thrown across the stream, an embankment of earth was formed 
upon it for the purpose of making a w^aggon-way from an adjoiniug colliery ; 
this arch being too small for the passage of the body of water, and the trees, 
hay, &c., which the flood brought down, was soon choked up, and the water 
then forming a lake in the valley above, at length burst the embankment, 
and rolling with an impetuosity scarcely conceivable, instantly carried away 
an adjoining mill, and a man working in it was drowned at a moment when 
he suspected no danger. In its progress to the river Tyne, it carried away 
three houses at the east end of the village of Newburn, where three persons 
unfortunately lost their lives. In 1794, some " Roman Remains," consisting 
of tv/o centurial stones, where found in the vicinity of this village. 

About a century ago, William Pettigrew, a Scotchman, who was employed 
in driving a coal waggon, erected a hut in Walbottle Dean, against the side 
of a hill that was covered with, brushwood, a short distance south of the turn- 
pike road. Here he resided for some time with his family, and from his 
dwelhng place was known by the name of Willie of the Wood. The habita- 
tion was constructed of sods and thatched with broom. Four staves driven 
into the ground, and a couple of planks served as a table, while a few old coal 
buckets, or corves, covered wdth straw, formed their bed. This becoming 
noised abroad, curiosity prompted many a one to pay them a visit, when Mrs. 
Pettigrew would have accosted them with — " You're welcome to see the house 



544 CASTLK WARD — "^EST DIVISION. 

i'the glen, guid folk." The groups of visitors at length, however, became so 
numerous, that they were troublesome; but the "canny Scot" projected a 
scheme to turn the public curiosity to account ; he procured bread and cheese, 
ale, &c., which were readily sold, whereby he was enabled to maintain his 
family in a more comfortable way. From this humble situation two of Petti- 
grew's sons rose to a good position in society, one of them joined the army, 
where in the course of time he became a lieutenant, and the other acquired 
some celebrity as a preacher in the Methodist Connexion, 

Post Office, "Walbottle, Elizabeth Dodds, postmistress.— 'Letters arrive, from New- 
castle, at 11 a.m. and are despatched thereto at 2-45 p.m. 



Chicken Aaron W. iinder-viewer 

Glover Wilham, land agent, Walbottle Dean 

House 
Laws Edwd. schoolmaster, ColHerj School 
Longridge Henry Gr. viewer 
Nixon Thomas, agent to the Walbottle 

Colliery Company 
Waugh James, schoolmaster 



Potter Archibald G. coal owner, Walbottle 
House 

Eobson Thomas, grocer, provision dealer, 
and builder, Walbottle Lane House 

Piobinson AVilliara, head engineer, Wal- 
bottle Colliery 

Wilson George, grocer 

Wilson W. & G. joiners 



Butchers 

Harrison Tiohevt, Half Moon 

Inn 
Pieken Eobert, Walbottle 

Bank Top House 



Farmers 

Davison Ealph.ChapelHouse 
Hays William, Fell House 
Wardle John, & cattle dealer 
Watson Edward, Coley Hill 
Watson Jno. Percy Arms Inn 



Inns 

Brown Jug, Isabella Bell 
Duke's Hall, John Wardle 
Half Moon Inn, Robt. Harri- 
son 
Percy Arms Inn, John Watson 



Whorlton East and West form a township in the parish of Newburn, 
containing 585 acres of land, the property of the Duke of Northumber- 
land. The rateable value of tbe township is £518. 10s. and its popula- 
tion in 180], was 58; in 1811, 63; in 1821, 57; in 1831, 59; in ]84], GO; 
and in 1851, 53 souls. This estate consists of two divisions, called East and 
^Yest Whorlton. The Hamlet of Whorlton is situated four miles north 
west of Newcastle. 

Directory.— Mary Colbeck, farmer, Whorlton Hall ; William Hogg, black- 
smith and agricultural implement maker, and vict. Jingling Gate Inn ; and 
Ptiddell Eobson, farmer and overseer, Whorlton High House. 



ponteland parish. 



PoNTELAND is a parish comprising the townships of Berwick Hill, Callerton 
(High), Callerton (Little), Coldcoats, Darras Hall, Higham Dykes, 
Kirkley, Milburn, Milburn Grange, and Ponteland, whose united area amounts 
to 10,073 acres. It is bounded on the north by Whalton and Stannington 
parishes, on the west by Newburn, Stamfordham, and Whalton parishes, on 
the south by Newburn parish, and on the east by the parish of Gosforth. 
The population in 1801, was 936; in 1811, 943; in 1821, 934; in 1831, 



PONTELAND PARESII. 545 

1,034; in 1841, 1,094 ; and in 1851, it had increased to 1,137 souls. The 
soil of this parish is rich and strong, yielding good wheat crops and excellent 
pasturage. Large quantities of Hme and coal are found in this district. 

BEE^YICK Hill is a township and hamlet, the property of the Hon. Gilbert 
Stapleton. The township contains 1,604 acres, and its rateable value is £1,433. 
The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 108; in 1811, 120; in 1821, 111; 
in 1831, 105; in 1841, 112; and in 1851, 96 souls. The Hamlet of 
Berwick Hill is situated on a lofty eminence eight and a half miles N.N.W. 
of Newcastle. 

Directory. — Richard Robinson, brick and tile manufacturer, Berwick 
Hill Tile Works ; Thomas Morrison, vict. Bay Horse ; Thomas Thompson, 
blacksmith; and the farmers are Robert, Edward, and George Coxon, Low 
House; George Potts, Berwick Hill Park House; Edward Reay, Middle and 
West Farms ; Richard Reay, East End ; and Joseph Wood, North East Farm. 

Callerton (High) is a township and village, the principal proprietors of 
which are John Warwick, Esq., Robert Johnson, Esq., Jonathan Forster, 
Esq., the executors of Mrs. Ekens, and others. The area of the township is 
798 acres, and the rateable value is £1,182 16s. 3d. Population in 1801, 131 ; 
in 1811, 100; in 1821, 104; in 1831, 136; in 1841, 131; and in 1851, 
115 souls. A small portion of the township of High Callerton here returned, 
containing 2 houses and 9 persons in 1851, belongs to the parish of Newburn. 
Lady's Land, containing eight acres, in this township, belongs to the Morpeth 
Free School, as also two tenements and a close in Ponteland, and a ridge 
of land in Prestwick township. The Village of High Callerton is situated 
about six and a half miles north-west by west from Newcastle. 

Directory. — James Collier, tailor ; Thomas Sample, miller, Birney Hill ; 
Joseph Watson, boot and shoemaker ; John Wilkinson, mason ; and the 
farmers are Ptobert Anderson, Throckley Farm ; William Archbold, Birney 
Hill ; John Bushby, Callerton Hall ; Thomas Harrison ; William Wilkinson, 
Old House ; and Ralph Wood, Callerton Grange. 

Callerton (Little) township is situated seven miles north-w^est by 
west of Newcastle. It comprises an area of 573 acres, and the rateable value 
is £330. Edward Collingwood, Esq., is the sole proprietor. Population in 
1801, 22; in 1811, 27; in 1821, 21; in 1831, 36; in 1841,34; and in 
1851, 16 souls. This township is divided into t\YO farms, and the tithes 
amount to £27 per annum. 

Directory. — John Fletcher, farmer, Little Callerton Moor; and John 
Stephenson, farmer. 

CoLDcoATs is a township comprising 1,060 acres, which is divided into four 
farms ; West and Middle Coldcoats belonging to Nathaniel Bates, Esq., East 
Coldcoats to the Rev. Edward C. Ogle, and Coldcoats Moor the property of 
Edward Collingwood, Esq. It is situated two miles north from Ponteland, 
and its rateable value is £723. The tithes amount to £143 per annum. 
The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 53 ; in 1811, 48; in 1821, 45 ; in 
1831, 36; in 1841, 36 ; and in 1851, 40 souls. 

2 L 



.546 CiSTLE WARD— WEST DIVISION. 

Directory.— The farmers are William Dodds, West Farm ] Jolm Forster, 
Ooldcoats Moor; and Joseph Smith, Middle Coldcoats. 

Darras Hall township, the property of Edward CoUingwood, Esq., Mrs. 
Diitton, and the Rev. Mr. Ord, is situated seven miles north-west from New- 
castle. Its rateahle value is £281, and its area 425 statute acres. Popula- 
tion in 1801, 31; in 1811, 23; in 1821, 12; in 1831, 15; in 1841, 15; 
and in 1851, 22 souls. This township consists of one farm, occupjdng 
an elevated position, from which extensive views of the surrounding country 
. 'may be obtained. 

Directory. — John Lamb, farmer, Darras Hall. 

HiGHAM Dykes is a township ten miles north-west of Newcastle, containing 
129 acres, the property of Miss M. C. Bell. Its population in 1801, vv'as 
18; in 1811, 20; in 1821, 23 ; in 1831, 15 ; in 1841, 20; and in 1851, 15 
souls. Here is a neat school and teacher's house, erected in 1852, at Miss 
Bell's expense. This township consists of one farm, occupied by Mr. John 
Shanks, and Higham House, a fine mansion, well sheltered by trees. 

Directory. — Miss Mary Cook Bell, Higham House ; John Shanks, farmer 
and overseer ; and Elizabeth Dinning, schoolmistress. 

KiRKLEY is a sm.all township and hamlet, the property of the Rev. Edward C. 
Ogle. The township comprises an area of 1 ,816 acres, and the number of its 
inhabitants in 1801, was 143 ; in 1811, 147; in 1821, 146; in 1831, 165; 
in 1841, 168 ; and in 1851, 171 souls. The manor of Kirldey was anciently 
possessed by the Euro family, who held it by the service of presenting a 
barbed arrow at the court of the barony of Mitford, on St. John the Baptist's 
day. Several members of this famnly held important posts in the north. One 
of them, Sir Ralph de Eure, was Lord Warden of the East Marches in the 
reign of Llenry VIII. The Euros possessed this estate until the reign of 
Charles I., when it became the property of the Ogles, in which famity it still 
remains. The celebrated Sir Chaloner Ogle was born here. Having em- 
braced the naval profession, he was very early advanced, by his courage and 
personal merit, to the command of the " Swallow" man-of-war, wherein he 
captured Roberts, the famous pirate, on the coast of Africa, February 5th, 
1722. We subjoin the following account of this exploit from Campbell's 
*' Naval History of King George I.: — " There was among the pirates on the 
coast of Africa, one Roberts, a man whose parts deserved better employment ; 
he was an able seaman, and a good commander, and had with him two very 
stout ships, one commanded by himself of 40 guns, and 152 men, the other 
of 30 guns, and 132 men, and to complete his squadron, he soon added a 
third, of 24 guns, and 90 men. Captain Ogle was in the ' Swallow,' and 
was cruising off Cape Lopez, when he had intelligence of Roberts being not 
far from him, of whom he went immediately in search, and soon after dis- 
covered them in a very commodious bay, where the largest and the least ships 
were upon the heel scrubbing. Captain Ogle, taking in his lower tier of 
guns, and lying at a distance, Roberts took him for a merchantman, and 
immediately ordered his consort* Skyrm, to slip his cable, and run out after 
him. Captain Ogle crowded all the sail he could, to decoy the pirate to such 



PONTELAND PARISH. : ;547 

a distance; that his consorts might not hear the guns, and then suddenly 
tacked, ran out his lo^Yer tier, and gave the pirates a broadside, by which 
thek captain, Skyrm, ^Yas killed, which so discouraged his crew that after a 
brisk engagement, which lasted about an hour and a half, they surrendered. 
Captain Ogle then returned to the bay, hoisting the king s colours under the 
pirates' black flag with a death's head in it. This prudent stratagem had 
the desii'ed effect ; for the pirates, seeing the black flag uppermost, concluded 
the king's ship had been taken, and came out full of joy to congratulate their 
consort on the victory. This joy of their was, however, of no long con- 
tinuance, for Captain Ogle gave them a very warm reception ; and though 
Roberts fought with the utmost bravery for near two hours, yet being then 
killed, the courage of his men immediately sunk, and both ships yielded." 
For this service Captain Ogle was knighted in the following year, and after- 
wards rose to the highest rank in his profession. He was an officer whose 
integrity, courage, and abilities were conspicuous in his long service of his 
country — upwards of fifty years. To those quahties v^^hich peculiarly adorned 
his profession, he added all those social virtues and goodness of heart which 
made his loss still more deeply regretted by those who had most known him. 
He died in London on the 11th of April, 1750. 

The Village of Kirkley is situated ten miles north-west by north of New- 
castle. KiEKLEY Hall, the seat of the owner of the township, is an elegant 
and commodious mansion and from its eastern side many beautiful views of 
the surrounding country may be obtained. 

Beneidge is a hamlet in this township, situated ten miles N.N.W- 
of Newcastle. Beneldgs House is the residence of William F. Blackett, 
Esq., treasurer for the county of Northumberland. Caetee Moor is another 
hamlet in this township, ten and half miles N.N.¥/. of Newcastle. 



Blackett William F. Esq. Benridge House 
Boiston Anthony, vict. and farmer, Waggon 

Inn, Kirkley Westgate 
Bre-^is Robert, farmer, Nortb Carter Moor 
Calvert James, brick and tile manufacturer 
Charlton Michael, blacksmith 
Coxon John, farmer, Benridge 
Dryden Robt. farmer, West Kirkley Thorn 
Elliott John, under steward, Kirkley Bank 

Head 



Millburn Henry, miller, Kirkley Mill 
Ogle Rev. Edward Chaloner, Kirkley Hall 
Ridley Henry and George, farmers, East 

Kirkley Thorn 
Scott Thos. cartwright and joiner, Kirkley 

Westgate 
Stobert George, miller and farmer, Kirkley 

Mill 
Surtees Errington, farmer, Dam House 
Thornton V/illiam, farmer, Carter Moor 

MiLBUEN is a township and hamlet, the property of Nathaniel Bates, Esq. 
of Milburn Hall. The township contains 1,210 acres, and its population in 
1801, was 80; in 1811, 112; in 1821, 82; in 1831, 101; in 1811, 79; and 
in 1851, 92 souls. P^obert de Meneville is the first proprietor of this town- 
ship on record. He held it by knight's service, under the barony of Morpeth. 
It subsequently passed to the Bates family with whom it still remains. The 
Hamlet of Milburn is situated ten and half miles north-west of Newcastle. 
MiLBUEN Hall, the seat of Nathaniel Bates, Esq., is a beautiful edifice, 
erected in 1809, from designs by Patterson, of Edinburgh. " The rooms are 
all oval, and elegance and utility have been happily united tlu'ough the whole 
structure." 



54^ CASTLE WABD — WEST DIVISION, 

Directory, — Nathaniel Bates, Esq., Milburn Hall; Miss Jane Ann Bates, 
Milburn Hall; Miss Sarah Bates, Milburn Hall; John Gilhespey, black- 
smith; Joseph Potts, boot and shoemaker ; and the farmers are, Joseph Bates, 
Low House ; William Charlton, East Farm ; Robert Fairbairn, and miller, 
Milburn Mill ; William James, Glebe Farm ; Thomas Laws, High House ; 
John Scott, South East Farm ; and George Wren. 

Milburn Grange is a township situated three and half miles north-west 
of Ponteland, and ten and half miles north-west of Newcastle. It contains 
o29 acres, and its rateable value is £542. The number of inhabitants in 1801, 
was 33; in 1811, 33; in 1821, 32; in 1831, 44; in 1841, 37; and in 1851, 
38 souls. Lord Decies is the proprietor of the entire township. The tithes 
amount to £72 per annum. Milburn Grange, or North Milburn, was held of 
the Mitford baronj, in the reign of Henry III., by Simon de Divelston, who 
gave it to the abbey of Hexham, but after the suppression of the monastic 
institutions, it became the property of Bertram Anderson, from w^hom it was 
transferred to Edward Horsley, coming ultimately to the present proprietor. 
Milburn Grange consists of three farms and a few cottages, separated from 
Milburn by a deep narrow glen, through which runs the burn, whence the two 
townships derive their names. 

Directory. — John Bell, boot and shoemaker ; and the farmers are, John 
and Ralph Nixon, Milburn West Grange; John, William, and Edward Pye, 
Milburn Grange ; and John Story, Milburn East Grange. 

Ponteland is a township and village in the parish of the same name, the 
property of Edward Collingwood, Esq., Matthias Dunn, Esq., George 
Stephenson, Esq., Robert Bell, Esq., and Messrs. Clarke and Raine. Tbe 
township comprises an area of 1,733 acres, and its rateable value is £2,697 4s. 
Population in 1801, 327; in J 811, 313; in 1821, 358; in J 831, 381; in 
1841, 424 ; and in 1851, 495 souls. Ponteland was part of the ancient 
possessions of the barons of Mitford, and by an inquisition taken at New- 
castle in the tenth year of the reign of Edward II., is noted as part of the 
property of Aymer de Valence, Earl of Pembroke. Admiral Robert Mitford, 
of Henmanby, Yorkshire, is the present lord of the manor. 

The Village of Ponteland is pleasantly situated on the western banks of 
the river Pont from which it derives its name. It was the opinion of Camden 
that this village occupied the site of the Pons ^lii of the Romans, but Mr. 
Horsley has ably proved this opinion to be erroneous. In 1 244 the kingdoms 
of England and Scotland had nearly come to an open rupture, the King of 
England being at Newcastle with an army, and the King of Scotland with 
another at Ponteland. A peace, however, was agreed upon, through the 
mediation of the Archbishop of York. Previous to the battle of Otterburn 
the castle and village of Ponteland were given to the flames by the Scottish 
army. The Parish Church, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin, is of a mixed 
style of architecture, the Norman, however, bemg most prevalent. It under- 
went a thorough renovation in 1810, and is now in a very fair state of preser- 
vation. In the chancel are the burial places of the Grof ton's and Wilkie s, 
of EUand Hall; the Horsley 's, of Milburn Grange ; the Ogle's, of Kirkley ; 



PONTELAND PARISH. ^ 549 

and the Carr's, of Dunstan. " This church was formerly collegiate, and con- 
tained a chantry dedicated to St. Mary. The parish register commences in 
1602. The living is a vicarage in the archdeaconry of Northumberland and 
deanery of Newcastle, valued in the Liber Kegis at £13. 6s. 8d. ; gross in- 
come £570. The patronage is vested in Morton College, Oxford. Vicar, the 
Rev. John Lightfoot, B.D., for whom the Rev. James Robson, M.A. officiates. 
The Scotch Presbyterians and Wesleyan Methodists have also chapels here. 

PoNTELAND Chaeity or Feee School was erected and endowed pursuant 
to the will of Mr. Richard Coates, who, in 1719, bequeathed property worth 
£70 per annum to the parish of Ponteland for that purpose. The Archdeacon 
of Northumberland, the Vicar of Ponteland, and the lecturer of St. John's, 
Newcastle, are the trustees, with the right of appointing the master. The 
endowment at present (1854) produces £75 annually, for which forty poor 
children are educated and partly clothed. They are received at seven years 
of age and continue at school till they have attained their eleventh year. 
The master receives £50 per annum, and is allowed to take other scholars 
who pay a small fee for their education. The school was rebuilt in 1831, and 
now' possesses sufficient accommodation for seventy pupils. 

The Castle Ward Poor-Law Union comprehends seventy-eight parishes 
and townships, including an area of 88,587 statute acres, and a population 
in 1851, of 13,897 souls. The parishes and towmships are Belsay, Berwick 
Hill, Bitchfield, Black Heddon, Bolam, Bolam Vicarage, Bradford, Brenkle}^ 
Brunton (East), Brunton (West), Butterlaw, Callerton (Black), Callerton 
(High), Callerton (Little), Capheaton, Cheeseburn Grange, Coldcoats, Cox- 
lodge, Dalton, Darras Hall, Denton (East), Denton (West), Dinnington, 
Dissington (North), Dissington (South), Eachwick, Fawdon, Fenwick, Gallow 
Hill, Gosforth (North), Gosforth (South), Harlow Hill, Harnham, Hawkwell, 
Heddon (East), Heddon-on-the-Wall, Heddon (West), Heugh, Horton Grange, 
Higham Dykes, Haughton and Closehouse, Ligoe, Kearsley, Kenton (East 
and West), Kirkheaton, Kirkley, Mason, Maften(East), Maften (West), Milburn, 
Milburn Grange, Nesbit, Newbiggin, Newburn, Newburn Hall, Newham, 
Ogle, Ouston, Ponteland, Prestwick, Riplington, Rudchester, Ryall, Shaftoe 
(East), Shaftoe (West), Shilvington,Shortflatt, Stannington, Sugley,Throckley, 
Trewick, Twizell, Walbottle, Walridge, Whalton, Whorlton (East and West), 
Whitchester, and Woolsington. 

The Castle Ward Union Worhouse is situated near the village. It is 
plain brick building, erected in 1848-49, by Mr. John Donkin, of Belle Villa, 
Ponteland, from designs furnished by Messrs. John and Benjamin Green, of 
Newcastle. It possesses sufficient accommodation for 100 persons. Governor, 
John Stephenson^ matron, Margaret Stephenson ; surgeon, Edward Mitchell ; 
relieving officer, James Spraggon. 

The river Pont is crossed here by a stone bridge of two very low arches, 
and it is not an uncommon occurrence for these arches to be blocked up in 
winter by large masses of ice, which causes the lower part of the village to be 
inundated. Similar floods occur during the summer montlis after heavy falls 
of rain. 



550^ 



CASTLE "WARD— WEST DIVISION. 



Eland Geeen is a hamlet in tliis township, half a mile N.N.W. of 
Ponteland. 

Charities. — George Sharper, in 1780, left a rent charge of £l to the poor 
of this parish, and in 1829, Elizabeth Alder gave to the minister and church- 
wardens of Ponteland, £20 on trust, to place out the same, and distribute the 
interest yearly amongst the poor inhabitants of the township of High 
Callerton, 

Post Office, Ponteland, Ealph. Brown, postmaster. Letters arrive here, from New- 
castle, at 10-30 a.m., and are despatched thereto at 8-15 p.m. 



Allison Henry, veterinary surgeon 
AUison Margaret, vict. Windmill Inn 
Bates George, vict. Diamond Inn 
Bates Joseph, cartwright and joiner, BeUe 

Villa 
Berkley Matthew C. butcher 
BlacMock Mrs. Margaret, Belle Villa 
Brown Ealph, schoolmaster, auctioneer, 

and postmaster 
Charlton William, hoot and shoemaker 
Chicken Wm. millwright and pumpmaker, 

. Belle Villa 
Chpson Micliael, brick and tile manufactu- 
rer, Ponteland Tile Works, West Houses 
Coxon John, butcher 
Dodds William, grocer and farmer 
Donkin John, Ijuilder, Belle Villa 
Doukin Mrs. Mary, Belle Villa 
Donkin Robert, stonemason 
Henderson Joseph, cartwright and joiner, 

Eland Grange 
Hunter Mrs. Mary 
Jameson James, boot and shoemaker 
Jameson John, boot & shoemaker, grocer, 

and parish clerk, Belle Villa 
Jameson John, jun. boot and shoemaker. 

Belle Villa 
Jameson William, surgeon, Eland Lodge 



Laws Eobert, grocer and draper 

Laws John Dixon, brewer, Ponteland 
Brewery 

Lumsdon Geo. vict. Blackhird Inn 

Maughan Mr. William, Belle Villa 

Mitchell Edward D. surgeon, Belle Villa 

Moorhead Henry, blacksmith 

Newton Miss Mary, Belle Villa 

Eeay Thomas & Henry, blacksmiths and 
agricultural implement makers, BeUe 
Villa 

Eobson Eev. James, M.A. vicar. Vicarage 

Eobson Launcelot, millwright and pump- 
maker, BeUe Villa 

Spraggon Jas. relieving oflacer, & registrar 
of births & deaths for Ponteland district 

Stepbenson John, governor of Castle Ward 
Union Workhouse 

Stobert Henry, farmer and miller, Ponte- 
land Mill 

Stobert James, miller 

Tone William, saddler and harness maker 

Wales William, tailor 

Warburton Eussell, saddler&harness maker 

Weddle John, stonemason 

Vfilson Mr. Eobert B. Belle Villa 

Yeamans Sarah, vict. Seven Stai's 

Young Mrs. Mary, Belle Villa 



Farmers 

Dodds William, & grocer 
Hays Thomas, West Farm 
Lumsdon Wra. Smallbone 
Kaine W^m. The Building 



Eeed William, Ponteland 

West Houses 
Stephenson George, Eland 

Green 
Stobert Henry, and miller, 

Ponteland Mill 



Taylor Thos. Eland HaU 
Temperley Joseph, Eland 

Hall 
Thompson Thomas, Lane 

House 
TurnbuU James, Chck-em-in 



Caerier. — Fatkin Fenwick, to Newcastle, on Thursdays. 

RiVEE Geeen is a small extra parochial liberty, situated on the south bank 
of the river Wansbeck, five miles west by south of Morpeth. It contains. an 
area of 480 acres, and its rateable value is £338. The population in 1801, 
was 33 ; in 1811, 62 ; in 1831, 51, in 1831, 48 ; in 1841, 30 ; and in 1851, 
34 souls. It is the property of John Cookson Esq., by whom it is farmed. 
Agricultural labourers are the only inhabitants. 



ST. JOHNS PARISH. 



ST. JOHN'S PAEISH. 



This parisli comprises the townships of Benwell, Elswick, St. John, and 
Westgate, the two latter constituting the western portion of the town and 
county of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, with which their histories, &c., are incorpo- 
rated. The parish contains 2,358 acres, and the number of its inhabitants in 
1801, was 6,628 ; in 1811, 6,673 ; in 1821, 9,410 ; in 1831, 13,196 ; in 1841, 
22,452 ; and in 1851, it had increased to 31,146 souls. 

Benwell is a township and village in the above parish, comprising an area 
of 1,346 acres. The population in 1801, was 951 ; in 1811, 1,064 ; in 1821, 
1,296 ; in 1831, 1,278 ; in 1841, 1,433 ; and in 1851, 1,272 souls. The 
rateable value of the township in 1853, was d66,704 17s.; and the principal 
proprietors a,re YN^illiam Ord, Esq., of Whitfield, and the executors of Joseph 
Crahall, Esq. The soil is generally fertile, and there are extensive coal mines 
worked by Mr. John Brown, of Benwell Bank Top, and Messrs. Wheatley and 
Musgrove. The manor of Benwell vvas anciently held under the barouy of 
Bolbeck, by the Benwells, Whitchesters, and Delavals. It subsequently 
became the property of the Shaftoes and the Archdeacons, from the latter of 
whom it was purchased by the notorious A. E. S. Bowes, after whose decease 
it was sold in lots, and realised the sum of £65,000. 

Andrew Bobinson Stoney Bowes came to Newcastle an ensign in the 4th 
regiment of foot, and succeeded in marrying the daughter and heiress of 
William Newton, Esq., of Burnopfield, in the county of Durham. This lady, 
who possessed a fortune of £20,000, was treated most cruelly by her husband, 
and died without issue. He subsequently married the Countess of Strathmore, 
a most accomplished young widow, who had been left, by her lord's death, in 
the possession of immense property. In consequence of this marriage lie 
assumed the name of Bowes, and afterwards became High Sheriff of North- 
umberland and M.P. for Newcastle. In consequence of his cruelty to the 
Countess, she obtained a divorce, but in a short time afterwards she was com- 
pelled to exhibit articles of peace against him, which resulted in his being 
sentenced to pay a fine of £300 to the king, to be confined in the King's Bench 
Piison for three years, and at the expiration thereof, to find security for 
fourteen years, himself in £10,000, and two securities in £5,000 each. He 
died within the rules of the King's Bench Prison, London, on the 16th of 
January, 1810. 

The Village of Benwell is situated two and a half miles west from 
Newcastle, and is supposed to have been the Condercum of the Romans. It 
is also said to be the first place in Great Britain where coal was wrought. In 
the 1 7th centmy a coal seam in the neighbourhood took fire by a candle, and 
burned for nearly thirty years, spreading into Fenham Grounds, and bursting 
out in the manner of a volcano, in several places. There is a Chapel of Ease 
here dedicated to St. James, erected in 1832, at an expense of £1,668 14s. 5d. 
It is in the Gothic style, and possesses accommodation for 600 persons. For 
ecclesiastical purposes it was made a district parish in 1842. Incumbent, 
Bev. William Maughan, 



GASTLE WARD — ^\VEST DIVISION. 



The ruins of Benwell Hall were entirely removed in 1831, and a new 
stone building, in a castellated form, erected upon the old foundation, by 
Thomas Crahall, Esq. 

Benwell High Cross is a hamlet in this township, situated one mile and 
three quarters west from Newcastle. Paradise is a village, also in this town- 
ship, situated on the north bank of the river Tyne, one mile and three 
quarters west of Newcastle. Benwell House, the seat of W. Isaac Cookson, 
Esq., is beautifully situated, and commands fine views of the valley of the 
Tyne, and the surrounding country. Benwell Grove stands north of the 
village, and is the seat of Charles H. Cooke, Esq. Near this latter is situated 
Benwell Lodge, the seat of W. J. Harding, Esq. Benwell Tower is the 
residence of George Anderson, Esq. 

Post Office, Benwell, Ann Cowens, postmistress. — Letters ai-rive from Newcastle at 
10 15 a.m., and are despatched thereto at 3-35 j).m. 



Anderson Geo. coalowner, Benwell Tower 

Anderson Joseph, attorney, Benwell Tower 

Arkle Edward, stonemason 

Brown John, coalowner, Benwell Bank Top 

Brown Rohert, shoemaker 

Carr John, grocer, Benwell High Row 

Challoner John S. sharebroker, Benwell 

Lodge 
Clasper Henry, boat builder, Benwell Boat 

House 
Cooke Charles Henry, Esq. Benwell Grove 
Cookson William Isaac, merchant, BenweU 

House 
Gibson John, malster 
Gibson Roger, Deluval 
Gildard John, wine merchant, Low Benwell 
Hall George, blacksmith and agricultural 

implement maker, Benwell. 
Harding Mr. W. James, Benwell Lodge 



Hawthorn V/illiam, engineer 

Henderson James, shoemaker, Benwell Old 
Engine 

Johnson John, butcher 

Maughan Rev. "William, incumbent 

Milthorpe Robert, gardener and seedsman, 
Benwell Toll-bar 

Mulcaster John Peter, Esq. Benwell Park ; 
offices, 51, Westgate-street, Newcastle 

Robson William, blacksmith, Benwell StaiLh 

Ross John, merchant tailor 

Stirling William, assistant overseer 

Smith George, shopkeeper 

Thirl well Peter, joiner and cartwright 

Wheatley & Musgrove, coal owners, Ben- 
well Park Colhery 

Wlieatley Robert., coal owner (Wheatly and 
Musgrove) ; ho. Benwell 

Wooldxidge John, grocer 



Tarmers 

Cook William, Benwell High 

Gross 
Dixon Thomas, Benwell New 

Houses 
Gardner Cuthbert, & builder, 

Silver Hill 



Harrett Thomas and Henryj 

Benwell 
Kirton Geo, and coal, lime, 

and brick merchant, Low 

Benwell 
Mack James, Benwell High 

Cross 
Oliver Thos. BenweU Hills 



Inns 

Fox and Hounds, Jas. Tate, 

Benwell Bank Top 
Green Tree, John Dodds 
JRoMn Adair, Andrew Spoor 
Thorn Tree, Joseph Gibson 
Pyle Ralph, beerhouse 



Elswick tovrnship is bounded on the north by the Town Moor, on the 
west, by the township of Benwell, on the south, by the river Tyne, and on the 
east, by Westgate township. It contains 783 acres, and its rateable value is 
£17,000. The population in 1801, was 301 ; in 1811, 398 ; in 1821, 434, 
in 1831, 787 ; in 1841, 1,789 ; and in 1851, it had increased to 3,539 souls. 
Elswick is situated on the north bank of the Tyne, and west of New- 
castle to which place it forms a suburb, and with which it is included for 



STANNINGTON PAHISH. 553 

muuicipal and parliamentary purposes. That part of the townsliip which 
extends from Skinner s-burn to the borders of Benwell, is called Low Elswick, 
the other portion High Elswick. There are extensive manufactories here 
whicli have been noticed in speaking of Newcastle. 

The Newcastle-upon-Tyne Pooe Law Union comprehends eleven parishes 
and townships embracing an area of 7,109 statute acres, and a population in 
1851, of 89,156 souls. The parishes are All Saints', St. John's, St. 
Nicholas's, and St. Andrew's. The townships are Byker, Westgate, Elswick, 
Jesmond, Heaton, Benwell, and Fenham ; the two latter are in the county 
of Northumberland, the rest form the borough of Newcastle-upon Tjne. 
The annual expenditure for the relief of the poor is about £Q 8,000. This 
union is divided into four districts, over each of which there is a relieving 
officer. The number of poor people receiving out-door relief is about 5,200. 
The board of guardians numbers eighty-five members, eighteen of whom are 
guardians ex-officio, the remainder are elective. Henry Ingledew, chairman ; 
Thomas Ridley, vice-chairman, George Forster, clerk. 

The Union Woekhouse is situated in this township, about one mile west 
of Newcastle. It is a substantial and suitable building, erected in 1840, 
and will accommodate 500 persons. The number at present amounts to 508. 
In August, 1843, the guardians purchased the adjoining estate, known by the 
name of the " Milestone Estate," from the executrix of the late Mr. Richard 
Wardle. It contains upwards of thirty-two acres, and it is intended to erect 
upon it schools for 400 pupils, an infirmary for the sick children, and to con- 
vert the remainder into an extensive garden. The whole of the workhouse, 
together with the new buildings, are to be drained upon new and improved 
principles. The order and regularity observable in this establishment re- 
flect the highest credit upon the governor, Mr. Robert Salmon. 

Westgate, a township in the above named parish, forms the north-western 
suburb of Newcastle, with which it is joined for municipal and other purposes. 
It contains 229 acres, and the number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 669 ; 
in 1811, 745 ; in, 1821, 1,360; in 1831, 2,296 ; in 1841, 10,489; and in 
1851, it had increased to 16,477 souls. This township contains many 
spacious streets and handsome houses of recent erection. The Directory, 
&c., of these townships, are included in that of Newcastle. 



STANNINGTON PARISH. 

Stanm'ngton parish is divided into three divisions, called respectively 
Stanuington North-East Quarter, Stannington North-West Quarter, and 
Stannington South Quarter, which comprise the townships of Bellasis-with- 
Boghall, Blagdon-wdth-Milkhope, Clifton -with -Col dwell, Duddoes-with- 
Whinney Hill, Plessy-with-Shotton, Saltwick, Stannington, and Stannington 
Vale, whose united area is 10,093 acres. The population in 1801, was 1,252; 
in 1811, 1,270; in 1821, 963; in 1831, 1,252; in 1841, 1,121; and in 
1851, 1,000 souls. This decrease of population is attributed to the disuse 

2 L 2 



554 CASTLE WARD— WEST DIMSION. 

of a collieiy, and a spinning mill. The soil of this district is generally rich 
and well cuhivated. The principal landowners are the Eari of Cariisle and 
Sir Matthew Yfhite Ridley, Bart. Stannington parish is bounded on the 
north by Morpeth, on the west by Whalton and Ponteland, on the south by 
Ponteland, and on the east by Bedlingtonshire, and the chapehies of Crani- 
lington and Horton. 

Bellasis-with-Boghall is a township consisting of three farms on the 
north-side of the river Blyth, five and half miles west by south of Morpeth. 
The population, acreage, &o., are returned with the parish. 

DiEECTOET. — The farmers are James and John Crawford, Boghall ; and 
James Dand and Robert Robsons, Bellasis. 

BlactDOx-w^th-Milkhope township is situated eight and a quarter miles 
north by west of Newcastle, and two miles south of Stannington. The popu- 
lation, acreage, &c., are included in the parish returns. The manor of Blagdon 
was held under the barony of Morpeth, in the reign of Henry III., by John 
de Plessis, but in 1567, it was the property of the Fenwick's, by whom it was 
sold to the Whites, merchants, of Newcastle, who became united with^ the 
ancient and opulent family of Ridley, by the marriage of Matthew Ridley, 
Esq., with EHzabeth, eldest daughter and heiress of Matthew White, Esq., 
in 174S. The ancient family seat of the Ridley's was at Hardriding, near 
Haltwhistle. Sir Matthew White, who was created a baronet in 1756, died 
in 1763, and was succeeded by his nephew Sir Matthew AVhite Ridley, Bart, 
who died universally lamented in 1813, having represented the town and 
county of Newcastle for thirty-eight years, to the great satisfaction of his con- 
stituents. There is a beautiful monument to his memory in the church of 
St. Nicholas, Newcastle. Upon his decease, at the period above mentioned, 
the family honours and estates devolved upon his son, Sir Matthew White 
Ridley, who represented Newcastle in parliament for a period of twenty-four 
years. He died at Richmond, Surrey, on July loth, 1836, in the fifty-eighth 
year of his age, and was succeeded by his son, the present vforthy baronet, 
who married, in 1841, Cecilia Anne, eldest daughter of the Right Hon. Sir 
James Parke. 

Blagdon Hall, the seat of Sir Matthew AATiite Ridley, Bart., is a hand- 
some structure, containing many highly finished apartments. The extensive' 
gardens and pleasure grounds are ornamented by some fine sheets of water, 
two neat lodges, and the Kale Cross, the latter of which formerly stood at the 
Foot of the Side in Newcastle. It was removed in 1807, and presented by the 
corporation to its don-or. Sir Matthev/ White Ridley, Bart,., who caused it to 
be set up here. Milkhope is that part of Blagdon estate that was formerly 
called Stumpy Riggs. 

DiEECTORY — Sir Matthew White Ridley, Bart., Blagdon HaU ; WiUiam 
Fenwick, assistant overseer; Frederick Turner, land agent; William Bell, 
woodman, Old Dog Kennel ; Joseph Stott, wood keeper ; and Matthew and 
Thomas Somer^dlle, farmers, Milkhope. 

Glifton-with-Coldwell is a township in the parish of Stanniugton, with 



I 



STAN NIK GTON PAKISH. 555- 

wMcli the acreage, population, &c., are returned. It is situated two and a 
half miles south of Morpeth, and is the property of the Earl of Carlisle, who 
possesses the whole of the northern part of this parish, Clifton is a small 
village, hut Coldwell is merely a single field. 

DiEECTOEY. — Elizaheth Gray, farmer ; and Mark Taylor, innkeeper. 

Duddoes-with-Whinney Hill is a township in the above parish, situated 
four miles S.S.W. of Morpeth. It consists of four farms called East, Middle, 
and West Duddoes, and Whinney Hill Farms. The acreage and population are 
included in the parish returns. 

DiEECTOEY. — John Green, managing farmer, Whinney Hill ; and Thomas 
Heron, West Duddoe. 

Plessy-with-Shotton township comprises the hamlets of Plessy, Plessy 
Checks, Shotton, and Shotton Edge, and is situated six miles south by east 
of Moi'peth. This place gave name to the ancient family of Plessis, and was 
possessed by John de Plessis in the reign of Edward I., at which period it 
was held by the service of one knight's fee. It is now the property of Sir 
Matthew White Pddley, Bart., who is also the proprietor of the Shotton estate, 
which is situated upon a rocky eminence overlooking the great North Road. 
Corn milling is carried on here by Ralph and John Venus, who have a mill 
on the banks of the Blyth. 

DiEECTOEY. — Mr. Dunn, Shotton Edge; George Marshall, schoolmaster 
and grocer, Plessy Checks ; William Dhniing, blacksmith and agricultural 
implement maker, Shotton Edge; Ralph and John Venus, corn millers, 
Plessy Mills ; George Custard, vict. and blacksmith. Three Horse Shoes, 
Plessy Checks ; Robert Wilkinson, woodman, Plessy Checks ; and the 
farmers are William Crawford, Shotton ; John Davison, Shotton ; John 
Tindle Smith, Plessy Checks ; and Thomas Stamp, Plessy New Houses, 

Saltwick township is situated north of the river Blyth, four and a half 
miles S.S.W. of Morpeth. Its acreage, population, &c., are returned with the 
parish. The tithes were commuted in 1839 ; aggregate amount d61 16 1 Os. lid. 
due to the impropriator, and £'3 3s. 6d. to the vicar of Stannington. The 
principal resident is Mr. John Chrisp, land agent. 

Stannington is a township and village, giving name to the parish in which 
it is situated. Its population, acreage, &c., are included in the parish returns. 
It was anciently held under the barony of Morpeth, by the Greystock family, 
from whom it passed to the Somervilles, and we find that the famous Roger 
Thornton, of Newcastle, died possessed of one half of this manor in 1429, 

The Village of Stannington is situated on the North Road, about ten 
miles north by west of Newcastle, and five miles south of Morpeth. The 
Chuech, dedicated to St. Mary, is a very ancient structure, erected at different 
periods, and exhibiting various styles of architecture. The prevailing character, 
however, is Norman, and it possesses a very ornate porch in that style. The 
south wall and chancel are of a somewhat later date, and it is stated that while 
some repairs were being made within the east window, the remains of the 
original circular ended chancel were discovered. The north-west aisle has 
either never been built, as is not unusual, or it has been destroyed at some 



550 



CASTLE WARD WEST DR'ISION. 



unascertained period, for the spaces between the aisles are built up and fur- 
nished with windows. The tower is lofty and curious, having several tiers of 
obtusely arched stone flooring, to which access is gained by traps broken 
through the floor, and by laddei's placed one above the other. In the chancel 
are some fine specimens of old stained glass, which were placed there, in 
1772, at the expense of Sir Matthew White Eidley, Bart. The church 
contains a mural tablet to the memory of the Rev. Timothy M3^ers, who died 
in 1815, having been vicar of this parish for a period of 29 years. It is much 
to be regretted that this ancient structure is in so ruinous a state, and it is 
to be hoped that some steps will soon be taken to preserve so interestmg a 
relic of antiquity. The parish register commences in 1658. The living, a 
vicarage in the archdeaconry of Northumberland and deanery of Newcastle, is 
valued in the Liber Regis at £5 13s. 4d., gross income £400. Patron, the 
Bishop of Durham ; vicar, the Rev. H, K. Collinson, M.x\. The Vicarage, 
erected in 1745, is situated at a short distance east of the church. 

There are two Day and Sunday schools here, one for boys and the other 
for girls. The latter was established by the late Lady Ridley. The Boys' 
School has an endowment of £11 per annum, £9 of which were bequeathed by 
Mr. John Moore of Well Hill, and the remaining £2 by Mrs. Grey. The 
average number, in attendance at these schools, amounts to 100 children of 
both sexes. Mr. Christopher Carrick is teacher, and also librarian to a circu- 
lating library of 200 volumes which has been established in the village. 

The York, Berwick, and Newcastle Railway Company have a station a short 
distance east of the village, Robert Potts, station master. 

Post Office SiAKNiNaTON, Elizabeth Kichardson, postmistress. Letters arrive from 
Morpeth, at 11 a.m., and are despatched thereto at 2 p.m. 



Anderson James, farmer, Catrow 
Atkinson Edward, farmer, Stannington 

White House 
Buckbarrow J. T. farmer, Longh House 
Carrick Christopher, schoolmaster and 

librarian 
Collin Eobert, joiner and cartwright 
Collinson Eev. H. K. M.A. vicar, Yicarage 
Errington Eobert, farmer, Stannington 

Moor 
Eraser David, shopkeeper 
Gray Edward, farmer, Stannington Moor 
Humble Edward, farmer 
Jackson John, blacksmith 



Jobling James Henry, farmer 

Jordan John, blacksmith 

Nesbit J. boot and shoemaker 

Potts John, joiner and cartwright 

Eichardson "William, farmer, and yeoman 

Eichardson William, tailor 

Eobinson Thomas, farmer, Stannington 

North Moor 
White Eobert, tailor 
Young Eobert, sexton and parish clerk 

Inns 
Howard's Arms, Elizabeth Eobinson 
Sun^ Anthony Turner, and butcher - 



Stannington Vale township extends from the village of Stannington to 
the river Blyth, which is here crossed by a handsome stone bridge on the 
oblique principle. It is a beautiful and romantic district, the banks of the 
river being finely wooded, and the scenery for some distance eastward of 
Stannington is greatly admired. It is distant from Morpeth about four miles. 
The population, acreage, &c., are returned with the parish. Here is a good 
corn-miJl worked by Mr. Robert Armer. 



WHALTON PARISH. 557 

DiEECTOEY. — Eobert Armer, com miller, Stannington Vale Mill; and 
William Besford, boot and shoemaker. 

WHALTON PARISH. 

Whaltox is a parish comprising the townships of Newham, Ogle, Ripling- 
ton, and Whalton. It is bounded on the north by Meldon parish, on the 
west by Tindale Ward, on the south by Newburn parish, and on the east by 
Ponteland. It comprises an area of 5,918 acres, and its population in 1801, 
was^470; in 1811, 541; in 1821, 534; in 1831,548; inl84], 531 ; andin J851, 
461 souls. The decrease of population in Whalton, which is an agricultural 
parish, is attributed to the employment of single men instead of married 
labourers as formerl}^ The rivers Blyth and Howburn intersect this parish. 

Newham township is situated seven miles south-west by west of Morpeth, 
and contains 1,321 acres. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 70 ; 
in 1811, 69; in 1821, 76; in 1831, 83; in 1841, 65 ; and in 1851, 59 
souls. The tithes were commuted in 1839; aggregate amount £164 7s, 2d. 
This township consists of the following hamlets, Newham Edge, East Newham, 
West Newham, Middle Newham, and Huntlaw. The principal landowners 
are Lord Decies, and the Rev. E. C. Ogle, MA., Kirkley Hall. 

Directory. — John Boiston, vict., Highlander, Newham Edge ; and the 
farmers are Robert Nixon, Huntlaw; James Robson, West Newham; Wm. 
Robson, East Newham; and Robert Rutter, Nun Hill. 

Ogle is a township and small village in the above parish, comprising 2,117 
acres. The population of the township in 1801, was 122; in 1811, 140; in 
1821, 148; in 1831, 137 ; in 1841, 121; and in 1851, 102 souls. It was 
the property of a family which bore the local name from the earliest period of 
history until the year 1809. John de Ogle held this manor of the Barony of 
Whalton, by the service of one knight's fee, but adhering to the barons in the 
time of Henry III., his estate was forfeited and not recovered till the reign 
of Edward III., who, in 1340, granted license to Robert de Ogle to castellate 
his manor-house, and to have free warren through all his demesne. This 
Robert Ogle married Helena, daughter and heiress of Sir Robert Bertram, of 
Bothal, greatly increased his inheritance, and entailed the castle and manor 
of Bothal and other possessions in this county, upon the heirs male of his 
body, on condition that they should bear the name of Ogle, and the arms of 
Ogle and Bothal quartered. The Lords Ogle continued in possession of the 
manor and castle, which descended to the Duke of Portland, the eldest co-heir 
of the Barony of Ogle, till 1809, when it was purchased by Thomas Brown, 
Esq., an opulent shipowner in London, for £ J 80,000. The castle, which w^as 
very strong and surrounded by two moats, has been long demolished, and but 
a few fragments of the ruins now remain. The Village of Ogle is situated 
six and a half miles south-w^est of Morpeth. 

Directory. — Edward Trewick, blacksmith ; George Wilson, cartwright; 
William Laidler, boot and shoemaker ; and the farmers are Robert Ditchburn, 
Hill Head ; Thomas Elliott (and steward) ; James Gledson and Michael 
Watson, Ogle South Farm. 



558 



CASTLE WARD—WEST DIVISION. 



RiPLiNGTON is a small township about one mile west by north of WhaltOn. 
Its area is 377 acres," and its population in 3 801, was 15 ; in 1811, 25; in 
18:31, 25; in 1831, 17; in 1841, 30; and in 1851, 13, souls, This town- 
ship is situated on the extreme verge of Castle Ward, and consists of one farm, 
the property of Cuthbert Teasdale, Esq. 

DiRECTOET. — C. Todd, farmer. 

Whalton is a tovrnship and village in the parish of the same name, the pro- 
perty of Thomas Eochester, Esq., and others. The township contains 2,103 
acres, and the number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 263 ; in 1811, 307 ; in 
1821, 285 ; in 1831, 311 ; in 1841, 315 ; and in 1851, 287 souls. It was 
anciently the property of Robert de Crammavil, who held it by the service of 
three knights' fees. Failing in rendering the accustomed service, it was seized 
upon by King John, who granted it to the Fitz-Roger family, in whose pos- 
session it remained till the reign of Edward I. We afterwards find it the 
property of the Scropes of Masham ; but in the reign of James I. it was held 
by the Crown, and was subsequently granted to the Meggisons of Whalton, 
and others, coming ultimately into the possession of the present proprietors. 

The Village of A¥halton is pleasantly situated on the Bolam road, six 
miles W.S.W. of Morpeth, and has been long distinguished as one of the 
neatest and cleanest villages in the county. It possesses many good houses, 
some of which have tastefully ornamented gardens in front, enclosed with 
elegant palisades. There is a remarkable ancient camp or entrenchment 
to the east of the village. The Parish Church is situated to the south of 
Whalton. It is very ancient, and was repaired and pinnacles added to the 
tower in 1783. Several members of the Ogle family are buried in its chancel. 
The parish register commences in 1661. The living, a rectory in the arch- 
deacoury of Lindisfarne and deanery of Morpeth, is valued in the Liber Regis 
at £13 8s. li-d. ; gross income £800. R. Bates, Esq. is patron, and the 
Rev. John E. EUiott, rector. 

Here is an endowed school for the education of poor children. The original 
endowment consisted of £20, left by Margaret Moor in 1728, but it has been 
augmented by the sale of the land which was purchased soon after the 
donor's death. 



Alder C. farmer, Kiplaw 
Bewick Joseph, farmer, Whitoside 
Brovm James, 'blacksmitli 
Brown Joseph, schoolmaster 
Brown Thomas, tailor 
Charlton Thomas, shopkeeper 
Cook Henry, com miller, Whalton MiU 
Elliott Eev. Eohert, rector, Eectory 
Foster Mr. W. T. 
Gihson Mr. J. C. 
Harret W. H. farmer 
Hedley William, farmer 
MUboum Eohert, hoot and shoemaker and 
shopkeeper 



Moserop John, joiner 

Phillipson James, veterinary surgeon 

Pickering George, shopkeeper 

Postgate Francis, shopkeeper 

Eamsay Thomas, farmer, Beauley Cross 

Eohson Matthew, shopkeeper 

Eobson James, vict. Thatched House 

Eochester Thomas, Esq. 

Scott John, boot and shoemaker 

Spearman Joseph, butcher 

Stappard J. farmer 

Towers John, stonemason 

Turnbull Thomas, vict. Seven Stars 

Yardy Eohert, surgeon 



BAMBEOITGH WARD. 



This Ward is bounded on tlie north by Islandshire, on the west by Glen- 
dale Ward, on the south by Coquetdale Ward, and on the east by the German 
Ocean. It is divided into two divisions North and South, whose united area 
is 69,263 statute acres. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 8,330; 
in 1841, 10,944; and in 1851, it had increased to 12,336 souls. Bam- 
brough Ward possesses a fine fertile soil, particularly on the banks of the 
Alu, and in the eastern district. The surface is generally level, though in 
the northern portion of the ward, there are some gentle elevations. It is irri- 
gated by several rivulets, which pursuing an easterly course fall into the German 
Ocean. The following table exhibits the names of the parishes, their acreage, 
number of houses, and population in 1851. 



PARISHES. 



Bambrough . . . 

Belford 

EUingham . . . 
Embleton . . . 

Howick 

Lesbury 

Longhoughton 



Acres. 


Houses. 


POPULATION. 


Males. 


Females. 


Total. 


26,234 


907 


2,175 


2,370 


4,545 


11,604 


360 


867 


990 


1,857 


9.124 


195 


474 


462 


936 


13,228 


443 


1,091 


1,184 


2,275 


1,692 


54 


156 


159 


315 


2,624 


285 


600 


638 


1,238 


4,113 


162 


406 


455 


861 



CHARITIES OF BAMBROUGH WARD. 



Date. 
1709. 



1712. 
1712. 



1712. 

1718. 
1729. 
1738. 
1742. 
1747. 



1749. 
1749. 
1814, 



Donors and nature of gifts. 
M. Grey (rent charge) ........ 



Bambrougli CliiircL Estate (rent) . . 
Eev. Vincent Edwards, (rent and 

dividends) 

Kev. Vincent Edwards (interest) . . . . 



Eev. Vincent Edwards (rent) . , 

Henry Strother (rent) , 

Chessman (rent charge) 

Scott (interest) 

John Coulter (rent) 

Wood (rent charge) . . . , 



Sir H. Grey (rent charge) , 
Sir H. Grey (rent charge) , 
Neale (rent charge) . 



To what places & purposes applied. Annual value 

Howick school i*12, Stanningto'n 
school £2, and curate of How- 
ick for catechising children £1 15 

Churchwardens account 100 

Embleton parish — school 8 

Teaching three poor children of 

Rock chapelry, reading writing 

and the catechism 

Embleton parish — poor . 

Lesbury — school 7 

Longhoughtou parish — poor . 
Renuington cliapelry — poor. . . 

Lesbury parish — poor 

^5 to poor of Fallowden town 

ship, the residue to poor of 

Embleton parish 

Howick parish — poor . . . 

Howick — school 

Longhoughton parish — poor on 

Christmas-day 

Total 



1 4 

. 18 
7 8 







. 3 
. 10 

. 7 8 







f 

. 10 

5 

. 5 







. 10 





^173 8 






BAMBROUGH WARD— NORTH DIVISION. 



BAMBROUGH PARISH. 

Bambeough is a parish, comprising two chapelries and twenty-two town- 
sliips, and is about eight miles long by six broad. It occupies the whole 
breadth of the ward from Budle Bay and Belford, to Beadnel and Ellingham, 
and comprises an area of 26,234 acres. Its population in 1801, was 2,935 ; 
in 1811, 3,114; in 1821, 3,342; in 1831, 3,949; in 1841, 4,237; and 
in 1851, 4,545 souls. 

Adderstone, a township in Bambrough parish, is situated three miles 
S.S.E. from Belford. It contains 2,603 acres, the property of the Duke of 
Northumberjand, John Church, Esq., John Pratt, Esq., Thomas A. Graham, 
Esq., and others ; and its annual value is £3,714. 10s. Population in 1801, 
800; in 1811, 327; in 1821, 342; in 1831, 322; in 1841, 302; and in 
1851, 299 souls. The manor of Adderstone was anciently the property of 
the Forsters, who had a seat here, but in 1763 it was transferred to John 
Wm. Bacon, Esq., by whom Adderstone Hall was erected, and subsequently 
came into the possession of John Pratt, Esq., of Bell's Hill, in this town- 
ship. Adderstone Hall is at present unoccupied. Twizell House, the 
seat of P. Selby, Esq., J. P., is a fine mansion, and not more remarkable for 
its exterior appearance and situation, than for the beautiful museum which it 
contains. This township is intersected by the York, Newcastle, and Berwick 
Railway. 

Directory. — P. Selby, Esq., J. P., Twizell House ; William Anderson, 
farmer and joiner ; and WilHam Aitcheson, William Dinning, William Keen, 
and Thomas Tate, farmers. 

Bambrough, a township and village in the parish of the same name, 
contains 1,242 acres of land, of which the annual value is £2,126. The 
principal proprietors are the trustees of the late Lord Crewe. Its population 
in 1801, was 295 ; in 1811, 298; in 1821, 342; in 1831, 417; in 1841, 
375; and in 1851, 416 souls. This township includes a place called 
Fovvberry. 

The Village of Bambrough occupies a fine healthy situation, about four 
and three quarter miles east by north of BeKord. It was once a royal burgh 
and sent two members to parliament, but even the market has long been 
disused. A monastery for regular canons of the order of St. Augustine was 
founded here, in the year 1137, by King Henry 1. This monastery was a 
filiation of the priory of Nostell, near Poutefract, in the West Riding of 
Yorkshire, and was valued in 1534 at £116. 12s. 5d. After the Dissolution 
it was granted to John Forster. Here was also a college, an hospital, dedicated 
to St. Mary Magdalen, and a house of Dominicans. The Parish Church, 
dedicated to St. Aidan, is a plain neat structure, and from its appearance 



I 



BAMBROUGH PARISH. 561 

there is every reason to suppose it has been built at different periods. Mention 
is made of a church here as early as the year 651. The parish register com- 
mences in 1638. The living is a perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry of 
Lindisfarne, and deanery of Bambrough, rated in the parliamentary returns 
at £109 18s. 9d. ; gross income, £121. The church estate of this parish is 
£100 per annum. Patrons, the trustees of the late Lord Crewe ; incumbent, 
the Rev. William Darnell, M.A. 

Charity. — Bambrough Church Estate. — There is an estate at Fowberry, 
an extra parochial district, situated within the parish of Bambrough, the rents 
of which have, for a long series of years, been applied to the purposes of a 
church-rate. There are no deeds or documents in the parish, showing how 
the parishioners became possessed of this property. The estate consists of a 
farm house and outbuildings, with about siKty-three acres of land, producing 
an annual rent of £100. The estate is let by the minister and four and twenty 
parishioners, and the rents are received by the minister and churchwardens, 
and applied to all the purposes of a church-rate, as well as the expense of 
repairing and ornamenting the church ; no part of the rent being applied to 
the repairs of the chancel, or of the north or south cross aisles, which are 
private property. 

Bambrough Castle is a township in the above parish, situated about five 
miles east of Belford. The name is derived from its vicinity to the celebrated 
castle of Bambrough, which stands 150 feet above high water mark, on a 
high and rugged triangular rock of basalt, projecting into the sea, and acces- 
sible only from the south-east side. Lambard tells us that " it taketh its 
name from Quene Bebba who builded it, as sayethe Beda. Which reporteth 
further, that the handes of Kinge Oswald weare kept in a churche theare, 
which in reward of his pity toward the poore, to whom he opened the same 
most liberaly, weare for ever preserved unwythered, accordinge as Aidan the 
bishop had before told hym. But Henry Huntington saythe, that Ida the 
first kinge of Northumberland built it, enclosed it first with a hedge, and 
then with a wall, about the yeare 554. Eadfride, nephew and successor to 
Geolwulph, which lyved in Beda his time, imprisoned within this castle Cyne- 
wulfe, the Bishop of Lindisfarne, because he suffered Offa, a nobleman, to be 
plucked from his churche and to be slayne. It was much defaced by Anlaf 
and Sueny the Danes, under King Aedelred in 991. In the time of William 
Rufus, Earle Robert of Northumberland, fled to this castle, William followed 
and besieged it so straitly, that he consti-eyned him to flight, wherein he toke 
him, and because he found the castle impreignable, he built a castle of wood 
over against it, which he called then a malvesine, malus vicinus, and in the 
end caused the defendantes to render it, 1094. Howsoever the Scot came to 
it, I find in Mat. Paris, that by composition betwene King Henry 11. , and 
hym, he delyvered Henry this towne amongst others, and Henry delyvered to 
him the earldome of Huntingdon 1157. Edward II , to satisfye his nobles, 
committed Peter Graveston to this castle, but they ceased not tyll they had 
slayne hym." During the wars between Stephen and the Empress Matilda, 
and between the rival houses of York and Lancaster, it was often taken and 

2 M 



563 BxiMBRCUGH WABD— NOETH DIVISION. 

retakeD, and in the reign of Henry VII., it had become considerably dilapi- 
dated. In the reign of James I., the castle and manor were granted to John 
Forster, Esq. The following subsequent account of it is quoted from Pen- 
nant : — " This castle and the manor belonging to it, were once the property of 
the Forsters, but, on the forfeiture of Thomas Forster, Esq., in 1715, for 
having joined the Pretender, it was purchased by his uncle, Lord Crewe, 
Bishop of Durham, and with other considerable estates, left vested in trustees, 
to be applied to unconiined charitable uses. Three of these trustees are a 
majority; one of them makes the place his residence, and blesses the coast 
by his judicious and humane application of the prelate's generous bequest. 
He has repaired and rendered habitable the great Norman square tow^er; the 
part reserved for himself and his family is a large hall and a few smaller 
^apartments, but the rest of the spacious edifice is allotted for purposes which 
make the heart glow with joy when thought of. The upper part is an ample 
granary, from which corn is dispensed to the poor without distinction, even 
at the dearest time, at the rate of four shillings a bushel, and the distressed 
for many miles round, often experience the conveniency of this benefaction. 
Other apartments are fitted up for the reception of shipwrecked sailors, and 
bedding is provided for thirty, should such a number happen to be cast on 
shore at the same time. A constant patrol is kept every stormy night along 
this tempestuous coast, for about eight miles, the length of the manor, by 
which means numbers of lives have been preserved. Many poor wretches 
are often found on the shore in a state of insensibility, but, by timely relief, 
are soon recovered. It often happens that ships strike on the rocks in such 
a manner as to be capable of relief, in case numbers of people could be sud- 
denly assembled ; for that purpose a cannon is fixed on the top of the tower, 
"which is fired once, if the accident happens in such a quarter ; twice, if in 
another ; and three times if in such a place. By these signals the country 
people are directed to the spot they are to fly to, and by this means, fre- 
quently preserve, not only the crew, but even the vessel ; for machines of 
different kinds are always in readiness to heave ships out of their perilous 
situation. In a word, all the schemes of this trustee have a humane and 
useful tendency." From the summit of the tower, signals are made to the 
fishermen of Holy Island, when any vessel is discovered in distress, for they 
are enabled to put off boats from the island when those from the land could 
not pass through the surf. The castle also possesses an infirmary and dis- 
pensary, with a resident surgeon. The library contains an extensive collec- 
tion of works on theology, and a curious assemblage of tracts and joamphlets. 
It was established by Lord Crewe's trustees, in 1778, and is open to every 
respectable householder within twenty miles of Bambrough, and every clergy- 
man of whatever denomination. There are also two schools, supported by 
funds arising out of the Crewe estates, wherein a considerable number of 
children of both sexes are educated, of whom thirty girls are clothed and 
lodged in the castle till they are fit for service. This township contains 
1,724 acres, and its population in 1801, was 60 ; in 1811, 73 ; in 1821, 62; 
in 1831, 61 ; in 1841, 59; and in 1851, 50 souls. 



BAMBROUGH PARISH. 



563 



Post Office, Bambrough, Sarali 'M.cDoxigle,post7nistres8. Letters arrive, from Belford, 
at 11 a.m. and are despatched thereto at 2 p.m. 



Garr William, stonemason 

Darnell Rev. W. Parsonage 

Grey Miss Anna Maria, Budle House 

Horsley George, gardener 

Lang Frank, surgeon, Bambrough Castle 
Dispensary 

Henry John, stonemason 

Jobson John, farmer, blacksmith and agri- 
cultural implement maker 

Johnson Thomas, shoemaker 

Morris Thomas, schoolmaster 

Nairn Philip, bone and corn miller-, 
Waren Mill 

Eoss George, butcher 

Eutherford Eobert, joiner 

Eutherford Thomas, joiner 

Sanglier Edward Joseph, professor of music 

Smith Jane, Infant School 

Stubbs Mary Jane, schoolmistress, Bam- 
brough Castle 

Taylor Mr. Charles Henry 

Todd John, blacksmith 

Tirer Thos. land agent, Bambrough Castle 



Wilson Eobert, joiner and parish clerk 

Farmers 
Brown Mr. Thomas, sen. Burton 
Brown Mr. Thomas, jun. Burton 
Hutchinson Mr. Edward, Bambrough Hall 
Lilburn George, Duke's Field 

Grocers and Drapers 

Ellick Thomas 
Frater Jane 
Straker Eichard 
Taylor Wilham 

Inns and Taverns 

Castle, Thomas Barker 

Lord Crewe's Arms, HaiTy Henry 

Victoria Inn, Hugh Eoss 

Henderson John, beerhouse, Budle Cottage 

Conveyances 

An omnibus to Lucker Eailway Station 

twice a day 
M. Beal, carrier to Alnwick, on Saturdays 



Beadnell is a chapeliy, township, and yillage, containing 743 acres of 
land, the property of Thomas Wood Craster, Esq.j and others. The annual 
value is £1,318 4s. lOd., and the number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 
293; in 1811, 991; in 1891, 913; in 1831, 951; in 1841, 393; and in 
1851, 396 souls. The increase of population is owing to the erection of lime 
kilns, and the opening of a new colliery. Lands were formerly held in this 
chapelry by the Harding and Forster families. The Village of Beadnell 
is situated on the sea shore, nine miles south-east of Belford, and possesses a 
small harbour. The Chapel is an elegant structure in the Gothic style, 
with a handsome spire. The register of this chapelry commences in 1766. 
The living is a perpetual curacy, not in charge, in the archdeaconry of Lin- 
disfarne and deanery of Bambrough^ valued in the parliamentafj^ returns 
at £63 ; gross income £80 ; in the patrotiage of the perpetual curate of 
Bambrough. The Rev, William Cumby, A.M. is the incumbent. There is 
a school here, the teacher of which receives £5 6s. per annum from the trus- 
tees of Lord Crew^e's charity, £90 per annum from the incumbent of Beadnell, 
and £10 a year from T. W. Craster, Esq.,- of Craster Tower; together with a 
small weekly payment from each of the children. 

Miller John, shoemaker 



Armstrong Thomas, schbolmaster 
Bolton John, tailor 
Brewis William, mason 
Carr Andrew, farmer 
Coldwell James, plasterer 
Eweing Alexander, fish curer 
Fordy George, vict. Craster Anns 
Hall John, beerhouse 
Jobson C. shopkeeper 



Pringle Edward, shopkeeper aiid baker 
Smith Margaret, dressmaker 
Summers George, joiner 
Taylor Eichard, Esq. 
Terry William, blacksmith 
Wood John E. farmer. An stead 
Careier. — To Alnwick, Thomas Todd, on 
Saturdays 



564 BAMBROUGH WAED—NORTH DIVISION. 

Beadfoed township is situated three miles south by east of Belford, and 
contains 528 acres. The annual value is £825, and Earl Grey is the sole 
proprietor. Its population in 1801, was 51; in 1811,49; in 1821, 48; in 
1831j 36; in 1841, 34; and in 1851, 53 souls. The principal inhabitants 
are Thomas Heatley, land steward, and Thomas Tait, farmer. 

BuDLE is a township conta,ining 724 acres, the property of Earl Grey, and 
of which the annual value is £866. It is situated on the south side of a fine 
sandy bay, two and a half miles west of Belford, where the neighbouring 
shores abound with the largest and best cockles, in the kingdom. In ancient 
times this township was the property of the De Vesci family, but subsequently 
was held by the family of Bowes. Its population in 1801, was 79 ; in 1811, 
80; in 1821, 99; in 1831, 103; in 1841, 102; and in 1851,93 souls. The 
township is occupied by Philip Nairn, bone and corn miller. 

BuETON, a township in the above parish, four and a half miles E.S.E. 
of Belford, contains 1,050 acres, the property of Earl Grey, and its annual 
value is £1,770. The population in 1801, was 40 ; in 1811, 62; in 1821, 
85 ; in 1831, 76 ; in 1841, 111 ; and in 1851, 98 souls. The whole town- 
ship is in the occupancy of Messrs. Thomas Brown, sen. and jun., farmers. 

Elford township is situated five miles E.S.E. of Belford, and is the pro- 
perty of Mrs. Howey and John Railston, Esq. ; the former of whom owns 
that portion of the township known by the name of Pasture Hill, and the 
latter is the proprietor of the remainder. It contains 1,072 acres, of which 
the annual value is £1,420, Population in 1801, 88 ; in 1811, 94 ; in 1821, 
131; in 1831, 149; in 1841, 112; and in 1851, 123 souls. 

DiEECTORY. — Mr. Ninian Davison Calder ; Thomas Calder ; and Thomas 
Dixon, Pasture Hill. 

Fleetham is a township six miles south-east by south of Belford, contain- 
ing 562 acres, of which the annual value is £730 10s. It is the property of 
the trustees of the late Lord Crewe, and the number of its inhabitants in 1801, 
was 70 ; in 1811, 72 ; in 1821, 94 ; in 1831, 93 ; in 1841, 52 ; and in 1851, 
01 souls. Here is a corn mill, worked by Mr. William Watson. 

DiEECTOEY, — ^William Millikin, farmer, Fleetham East Stead ; Johu 
Taylor, farmer ; and William Watson, corn miller, Fleetham Mill. 

Gloeoeum tow^nship is situated one mile south-west of Bambrough, and 
contains 455 acres, of which the annual value is £625. Its population in 
1801, was 50; in 1811, 63 ; in 1821,46; in 1831, 47; in 1841, 53 ; and 
in 1851 , 45 souls. It is the property of Greenwich Hospital, and is at present 
occupied by Mr. John Bolam, farmer. 

HoppEN is a township, situated about four miles south-east by south of 
Belford. It contains 234 acres of land, the annual value of which is £270, 
and its population in 1801, was 32 ; in 1811, 19 ; in 1821, 29 ; in 1831, 43 ; 
in 1841, 36 ; and in 1851, 29 souls. The township is the property of William 
Pawson, Esq., and is occupied by Mr. John Archbold, of Lucker Hall. 

LucKEE, a chapelry, township, and small village in this parish, contains 
1,808 acres, the property of the Duke of Northumberland. Its annual value 
is £2,240 10s. 2d. ; and the number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 153 ; in 
1811, 165; in 1821, 194; in 1831, 266; in 1841, 210; and in 1851, 293 



BAMBROITGH PAETSH. 565 

soiils. The Village of Lucker is situated about foiu* miles west by soutli from 
Bambrough Castle, and consists of the chapel, tlie parsonage house, a corn 
mill, a farm house, an inn, and a few scattered cottages. The Chapel is 
surrounded by a graveyard, and is not remarkable for its style or beauty. 
The li\ing, a perpetual curacy, returned at £100 per annum, is in the patron- 
age of the Duke of Northumberland. The Rev. L. S. Orde, M.x\., is incum- 
bent, and the Rev, George Prince Hall, M.A., curate. Lucker Hall and the 
Parsonage are respectable residences. Here is a station on the York, New- 
castle, and Berwick Railway. 

Directory. — Rev. Gr. P. Hall, curate ; John Arclibold, farmer ; Ralph 
Bolton, shoemaker ; John Elliott, tailor ; John Glaholm, miller ; John Harvey, 
shoemaker ; John Orange, tailor ; Ralph Pringle, stonemason ;■ Thomas 
Robson, vict. ApjAe Inn ; James Straughan, shoemaker ; James Swan, black- 
smith; William Stokes, schoolmaster; and Thomas Tait, joiner. James 
Dryden, station master. Frank Ormston and Thomas Young, carriers to 
Alnwick, on Saturdays. 

MousEN is a township, containing 752 acres, of which the annual value is 
£1,000. Its population in 1801, was 5 L ; in 1811,69; in 1821, 73; in 1831, 
65 ; in 1841, 72 ; and in J 851, 70 souls. It was formerly the property of 
the Rev. John Shaftoe, Vicar of Warden, who endowed with it a school in the 
chapelry of Haydon Bridge, in the parish of Warden, Tindale Ward ; and is 
now in the occupanc}^ of Sir. John Lumsden, junr. 

Newham is a township and village, containing 2,568 acres, the property of 
the Duke of Northumberland, and its annaal value is £3,016 17s. It con- 
tained in 1801, 206 ; in 181], 269; in 1821, 298; in 1831, 324; in 184], 
359; and in 1851, 381 inhabitants. The Village of Newham, situated 
about seven miles south-east of Belford, consists of some neat and substantial 
cottages, and possesses a schoolroom used as a Presbyterian place of worship, 
on Sundays. Here is a station on the York, Newcastle, and Berwick Railway ; 
George Burns, station master. 

Directory. — William Archbold, farmer; George Burns, station master, 
Newham Railway Station ; Peter Chirnside, farmer ; William and John 
Elliott, joiners; John Hall, blacksmith ; Thomas Marshall, farmer ; William 
Pyle, tailor ; Elijah Short, plate-layer on the York, Newcastle, and Berwick 
Railway; Richard Short, schoolmaster, assistant overseer, and collector of 
taxes for Bambrough parish ; and James Wanless, shopkeeper and carrier to 
Alnwick, on Saturdays. 

Newstead township is situated about five and a half miles south-east by 
south of Belford, and contains 1,988 acres of land, of which the annual value 
is £],134 5s. Its population in 1801, was 108 ; in 1811, 109 ; in 1821, 90 ; 
in 1831, 110 ; in 184], 113; and in 1851, 139 souls. The Duke of North- 
umberland is the proprietor of the township, which is occupied by the follow- 
ing farmers, viz.: — James Atkinson, Robert Chirnside, John Charles Dennis, 
Rosebrough ; and Mrs. Euphemia Robson, Ravhaugh. 

North Sunderland is a township and populous village, containing 1,097 
acres, the property of the trustees of the late Lord Crewe, and others, wlio 



566; 



BAMBROUGH WARD^ — NORTH DIVISION. 



hold by copyhold tenure under the trustees. Its annual value is £3,375 17s. 6d.; 
and the number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 496 ; in 1811, 528 ; in 1821, 
566 ; in T831, 860 ; in 1841, 1,103 ; and in 1851, it had increased to l,^m 
souls. North Sunderland was formed into a district parish for ecclesiastical 
purposes, in November, 1841, and includes the townships of North Sundep- 
land, Fleetham, Tuggall, Swinhoe, and Elford. The Village of North 
Sunderland is situated near the sea, three miles south of Bambrough Castle, 
and contains three places of worship, viz., the District Church, and two 
Presbyterian chapels, some well supplied grocers' and drapers' shops, two 
inns, and a lock-up, erected in 1852. The District Church, dedicated to St. 
Paul, was erected in 1833, and is in the purest Norman style. The living 
is a perpetual curacy, in the patronage of Lord Crewe's trustees ; Kev. F. B. 
Simpson, incumbent. There is a school here which is principally supported 
by the patrons of the church. The annual feast is held about the 12th 
of August. 

Post Office, Nobth Sunderland, Eichard Straker, Postmaster. Letters arrive, from 
Belford, at 11-45 p.m., and are despatched thereto at 1-15 p.m* 



Brown William, surgeon 

Fender Wm. blacksmith 

Manely Francis, painter and glazier 

Glover Eev. H. (Presbyterian) 

Gibson Andrew, stonemason 

Green Alexander, baker 

Hastings Mr. H. I. 

Howey John, saddler 

Johnson Mr. John 

Leach James, tailor 

McDougle Peter, joiner 



McBougle William, butcheir 

Mattison Mrs. Phillis 

Munro Kev. David (English Presbyterian^ 

Robson Miss, Green Hill 

fj'impson Eev. F. E. incumbent 

Thompson Henry, joiner 

Thompson James, mason 

Thompson William, joiner 

Treasurer Alexander, tailor 

Turnbull Eobert, clock and watohmaker 

Wilson Peter, mason 



Beer Houses 

Craggs Henry 
Dunn Eobert 
Taylor E. L 

Academies and Schools 

Jackson Henry Dixon 
Jackson Isabella 
Turner Ann 



Boot and Shoemakers 

Craggs Henry 
Moore Ealph 
Taylor Eichard M. 
Thompson Henry 
Wilson John 

Grocers 

Maule William,. an4 draper 
and merchant 



Ord John 

Richardson Adam 

Straker Eichard, and drag.er 

Inns 

Blue Bell, W. D. Eobson 
White /Swjaw, Isabella Eobson 



Conveyances.— An omnibus meets the trains at Chathill Station. 

Carbiers. — Thomas Eadington and Eobert Welsh, to Alnwick, on- Saturdays. 



North Sunderland Sea Houses is a smaU seaport, and a flourishing and 
populous village in this township, situated about one mile east of North Sun- 
derland, and about three miles from Bambrough Castle. The principal trade- 
of the place is fish curing, which is extensively carried on, and the method 
of curing here is said to be superior to most others. The fish ( principally 
herrings), when cured, are sent by railway to the various markets of the manu- 
facturing districts. Crabs and other kinds of shell fish are taken here in great 



BAMBROUGH PAEISH. 



567 



quantities, aud are forwarded to the markets just mentioned. There are 
extensive Hme works, which furnish employment to the shipping of the port. 
The village contains four inns, the principal heing the Black Sivan Inn. 



Armstrong D. agent 

Barling George, ship carpenter 

English John, butcher 

King Thomas, harbour master, and agent 

for the Trinity Houses, London and 

Newcastle 



McDougle George, butcher 
Scott George, ship carpenter 
Stephenson John, tailor 
Vass Elizabeth, schoolmistress 
Walker George, shipowner 
Walker Mr. Wilham, Sea Field 



Boot aud Shoemakers 
Bum Henry 
Sinton Thomas 
Taylor Wilham 

Builders 

Wilson William, senr. 
Wilson William, junr. 

Fish Curers 
Beal George 



Ewing Alexander, senr. 
Ewing John 
King Thomas 
Morton & Taylor 
Wilson George 

Grocers 

Gibbons Mary 

Gordon Andrew, and joiner 

Maule John 

Taylor Jane 



Inns and Taverns 

Bambrough Castle,'EMz&heiiu 

Saunders 
Black SivanInn,'Richa,vdllaR 
King Street Inn, G. Gregory 
Ship, Isabella Guthbertson 

Beer Houses 

Guthbertson George 
Norris George 
Patterson Walter 



OuTCHESTER township is situated on the west side of the river Warn, near 
its fall into Budle bay, tw^o miles east by north of Belford. It comprises 
1,044 acres of land, the property of Grreenwich Hospital, and its population 
in 1801, was 152; in 1811, 113; in 1831, 109; in 1831, 111; in 1841, 
122; and in 1851, 118 souls. In former times this was a manor of the 
barony of Wooler, and was held by the family of Ulchester for many ages. It 
afterwards became the property of the Earls of Derwentwater, but on the 
execution of the last earl, it was forfeited to the crown, and now belongs to 
the hospital above mentioned. This w^as the castra ulterius of the ancient 
2dort and borough of Warnmouth, w^hich was, in former times, a considerable 
town, enjoying privileges similar to those of Newcastle. Charles Davison and 
Charles Borthwick are the present occupiers of this township. 

Ratchwood township is situated four and a half miles S.S.E., of Belford, 
and contamsl55 acres of land, the property of the Duke of Northumberland , 
and John Turnbull, Esq., of Warenford. The number of its inhabitants in 
1801, was 9 ; in 1811, 6; in 1821, 10; in 1831,20; in 1841, 19; and in 
1851, 16 souls. 

Shobeston, or Shoston township, six miles E.S.E. of Bedford, contains 669 
acres. Population in 1801, 30 ; in 1811, 65 ; in 1821, 63 ; in 1831, 89 ; in 
1841, 88; and in J 85 1, 98 souls. It is the property of the late Lord 
Crewe's trustees, and its annual value is £1,231. Directory. — Rev. L. S. 
Orde M.A. and J. P. Shoston Hall; andR. G. Huggup, Esq., New Shoston. 

Spikdlestone township is situated two miles east by south of Belford, and 
is the property of Greenwich Hospital. It comprises an area of 467 acres, 
of which the annual value is £1,000; and contained in 1801, 88 : in 1811, 
71; in 1821, 97; in 1831, 101 ; in 1841, 151; and in 1851, 143 iuliab- 



568 BAMEPwOUgfl WARD — ^NOUTH DIVISION. 

tants. In ancient times it was used as a military station, and was defended ^ 
by an entrenchment of a circular form ; it was also fortified with a triple^ 
ditch and vallum, together with several mounds. Mr. John Gillie and Sons' 
are the principal inhabitants. ■ - 

SwiNHOE is a township and hamlet, the property of the Dean and Chapter-" ^ 
of Durham, John Railston, Esq., and tho heirs of William Stewart, Esq. It 
contains 1,323 acres of laud, and its annual value is £2,524 6s. 9d. The 
number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 117 ; in 1811, 95 ; in 189J, 111 ; in 
1831, 110; in 184J, 118; and in 1851, 1"87 souls. This township was 
ormerly held under the barony of Yesci, by a family who assumed the locab-- 
name, from whom it passed, along with the manor of Tuggall, to the Nevilles • 
of Raby, subsequently coming into the possession of the present proprietors. ■ 
The Hamlet of Swinhoe is situated six and a half miles south-east of 
Belford. 

DiEEGTOKy. — William Cummins, blacksmith ; William Millikin, farmer, 
Swinhoe North Side ; Joseph Robson, farmer, Broomford ; Thomas Thew, 
farmer, Swinhoe East Farm ; John Thompson, gardener ; and Margaret 
Weatherly, farmer. 

Tuggall, or Tughall, is a township and hamlet, containing 1,799 acres, the 
annual value of which is £1,903 19s. 3d. Population in 1801, 108 ; in 1811, 
85; in 1821, 85; in 1831, 102; in 1841, 119; and in 1851, 134 souls. This 
township is the property of the Duke of Northumberland. The Hamlet of 
Tuggall is situated eight miles south-east by south of Belford. 

Directory. — Mrs. Forster, The Hall; Jane Fawdon, farmer; and Thomas 
Fordy, farmer, Tuggall Mill. 

Warrenford is a township and village containing 183 acres, the property 
of the Duke of Northumberland and John Turnbull, Esq. Its rateable value 
is £158 9s., and its population in 1801, was 32; in 1811, 29; in 1821, 27; 
in 1831, 35 ; in 1841, 41 ; and in 1851, 30 souls. The Village of Warren- 
ford js situated on the North Road, where it is crossed by the Warn rivulet, 
four miles south by east of Belford, It contains an Euglish Presbyterian tt 
Church, an inn, two farm houses, and about fourteen neat cottages. The -f 
church was erected in 1817 ; there is a school in connection with it, which is'"'^ 
partly supported by the educational fund belonging to the church, and partly ' 
by P. J. Sebly, Esq., of Twizell House, and John Church, Esq. 

Post Office, Warenfoed — Eleanor Whinnim, Postmistress. — Letters arrive from all 
parts daily, at 12-0 noon, and are despatched at 7-30 a.m. 

Directory. — Ptev. Alexander Bannatyne (Presbyterian); John Tumbult, 
yeoman; Mr. Ralph Turnbull; James Scott, shoemaker; Thomas Smith, 
schoolmaster ; Thomas Tait, joiner ; Alexander Wightman, farmer, Warrenford 
Hall ; Nicholas Swanson, vict. White Swan hin ; George Whittle, tailor and 
grocer; and William Young, blacksmith. 

Warrenton township is situated one mile and three-quarters S.S.W. of 
Belford, and is the property of Thomas Henry Graham, Esq., of Edmond 
Castle, Cumberland. It contains 1,454 acres, of which the rateable value is 



BELT^^ORD PARlSli. 569 

£1,500, and the number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 97 ; in 18J 1, 92 ; 
in 18-21, nS ; in 1831, 158; in 1841, 163; and in 185 1, 135 souls. There 
is a handsome and commodious Presbyterian Chapel here, erected in 1851. 
The principal inhabitants are Mr. Andrew Grey, of Newlands, and Mr. John 
Thompson. 

BELFORD PARISH. 

Belpord is a parish chiefly in the northern division of Bambrougli Wards 
and partly in Islandshire, an insulated portion of the county formerly belonging 
to the county of Durham. It is bounded on the north by Islandshire, on the 
west by the parish of Chatton, on the south by Bambrougli parish, and on 
the east by the German Ocean. It extexids four miles and a half from east to 
west, and about three miles from north to south, and comprises the market 
town of Belford, and the townships of Detchant, Easington Grange, Elwick, 
Middletou, and Ros-s. The area of the parish is 11 ,604 acres, and its popula- 
tion in 1801, w^as 1,324; in 1811,1,473 5 in 1821, 1,783; in 1831, 2,030; in 
1841, 1,789; and in 1851, 1,857 souls. Like the adjoining parishes, 
Bedford abounds in coal, lime-stone, and building-stone, the soil is also 
very fertile. 

Belford is a township and market-town, in the parish of the same name, 
containing 2,698 acres, the property of the Rev. John Dixon Clark, J.^ , of 
Belford Hall, and itg rateable value is £3,772 17s. 6d. The number 
of its inhabitants in 1801, wj^s 902; in 1811, 931; in 1821, 1,208; 
in 1831, 1,354 ; in 1841, 1,157 ; and in 1851, 1,226 souls The manor of 
Belford was formerly possessed by the Huntercombe family, one of whom, 
Walter de Huntercombe, having served under King Edward I., in his Welch 
wars, received from that monarch a grant of free warren in Belford and other 
places in the county. This Walter de Huntercombe was summoned to the 
parliaments held from the sixth of Edward I. to the fourth of Edward II. 
He died in the sixth year of the reign of Edward IL, leaving his possessions 
to his wife, Alice. The manor was afterwards transferred to the Meinell 
family, from whom it passed to the Hepburns, coming subsequently into the 
possession of John Forster, Es<^., of Bamb rough Castle. Abraham Dixon, 
Esq., one of its late owners, obtained the privilege of holding a market and 
fairs at Belford, and his son raised the place from the position of a small 
village to that of a neat and well built town. 

The Town of Belford i^ pleasantly situated on an eminence, in a pic- 
turesque and romantic part of the county, two miles from the sea, and forty- 
nine miles north of Newcastle. Since the construction of the railway from 
Newcastle to Berwick, the business of this town has considerably declined. 
Belford contains an hotel and five or six inns, wdiere travellers will meet with 
comfortable accommodation. A lamb fair is held here annually, on the 2nd 
of July, and a ewe fair takes place on the 25th of September. Petty sessions 
are held on every alternate Wednesday, at the Board Room, West-street, the 
presiding magistrates are the Rev. J. D. Clarke, M A. ; Rev. L. S. Orde, 

9 M 2 



^70 



BAMBROUGH WARD — NORTH DIVISION. 



M.A, ; W. Darnell ; and P. J. Selbv, Esq., of Twizell House. The County 
Court is held at the Blue Bell Hotel once every two months, James Losh, 
Esq., judge. 

The Churgei, dedicated to St. Mary, is a plain substaintial edifice, situated 
at the north side of the town, and capable of accommodating about six 
hundred persons. The living, a perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry of 
Lindisfarne and deanery of Bambrough, returned at £94., gross income, £147., 
is in the patronage of the Rev. J. D. Clarke, M.A., of Bedford Hall, and in- 
cumbency of the Rev. G-. Walker, M.A. The United PRESBiTERrAN Church 
was erected in 1777. It is a commodious building, and possesses sittings for 
four hundred persons. Rev. John Hunter, minister. The Scotch Church, 
situated in West-street, is a plain building, and it will accommodate five hundred 
hearers. Rev. M. Wallace, minister. Gas works were established here in 
1845, by a joint stock company, composed principally of the inhabitants 
of Belford. 

Thl Belford Poor Law Union comprehends thirty-six parishes and town- 
ships, embracing an area of 41,753 statute acres, and a population in 1851, 
of 6,871 souls. Tbe parishes and townships are Adderstone, Bambrough, 
Bambrough Castle, Beadnell, Belford, Bradford, Budle, Burton, Chathill, 
Detchant, Easiugton, Easington Grange, Elford, EUingham, Elwick, Feru 
Islands, Fleetham, Glororum, Hoppen, Lucker, Middleton, Monk's House, 
Mousen, Newham, Newstead, Outchester, Preston, Ratchwood, Ross, 
Shorstone, Spindlestone, Sunderland (North), Swinhoe, Tuggall, Warrenford, 
and Warrenton. The Union Workhouse, situated in West-street, is a 
small building. The number of inmates at present (1854) is 17. 

Post Office, Belford, William Septimns Hindmaxsh, postmaster. — The mails arrive 
from tbe South, at 9-10 a.m. and 9-10 p.m. ; and are despatched to the South at 3-22 p.m. 
and at 8-42 p.m. ; and to the North at 8-50 a.m. and 3-22 p.m. 



Miscellany 

Bennett T. cabinet maker 

Berwick Mr. "William 

Bird William, -veterinary surgeon 

British Protector Mutual Life Assu- 
rance Company, D. E. Walker, agent 

Clark Eev. John Dixon, M.A. & J.P. Bel- 
ford Hall 

Excise Office, Blue Bell Hotel 

Gibson & Go. brewers 

G-illum Miss Elizabeth 

Himsworth John, Esq. Middleton Hall 
jHunter Eev. John, (United Presbyterian) 
B^.utchinson Mrs. Mary, Belford-villa 



Johnstone Walter, hairdresser 

Landreth, James, cooper 

Newbiggin James, County Court bailiff 

Pratt Miss Margaret 

Scott John, commission agent 

Scott Gr. registrar of births, &c. 

Shields Harriet W. bonnet maker 

Stewart William, millwright 

Terras Eev. David (English Presbyterian) 

Walker Eev. George, M.A. incumbent 

Wallace Eev. William, ( ScotchPresbyterian) 

Young George, hnen and woollen draper 

Young George, professor of music and 

parish clerk 
Young William, tinsmith and plumber, &c. 



iVcademies and Schools 

Davi'sonGeorgeCoulter(day) 
Smit.h WilHam 
WalkeT David K. (boarding 
and day) 



Bakers 

Johnson John 
Eichardson James 
Scott Andrew 



Blacksmiths 



Lisle Aaron 
Eogers Thomas 
Whittle George 



BELFOBB FARISH. 



571 



Soot and Shoemakers 
I>ixon John Samuel 
Gibson James 
Gibson Thomas 
Groves C. (dealer) 
Johnson Thomas 
Kennedy Adam 
Temant James 

Butchers 
Eeavely Joseph 
Wightman James 
Wightman Kichard 

Cattle Salesmen 

Wightman James 
"Wightman Eichard 
Wightman Thomas, Belford 

Moor 

Corn Miller 
Embleton Kobert, Easington 

Grange Mill 

Dressmakers 

Groves Catherine 
Hope Sarah 
Moffat Ann 
Eyan Mary 

Farmers 

BellJno. E asington Demesne 
Bolton WilUam, Sionside 
Bolton Wm. Whinney Hill 
Davison Eobert, Kettleburn 
Eorster John, Smayfield 
Hall James, Detchant 
Hall Jane, Middleton 
Nesbit E. P. Elwick 
Eobertson James, Easington 
Eogers Thomas 
Wake Philip 



Wightman James, and cattle 

salesman 
Wightman Thomas, Belford 

Moor 
Wood William, Craggy Hall 
Wright George 

Crardeners 

Ferguson John- 
Young Matthew 

Grocers & dealers m Sundries 

Adamson Mitchell 

Bromfield James 

Burns Thomas 

Davison Ellen 

Dunn G. 

Gibson David 

Gibson James 

Gibson Eobert 

Guthrie Thomas, & merchant 

tailor 
Johnson James 
Mather Susan 
Macdonald Geo. & druggist 
Mills John 
Moffat Virtue 
Patrick Benjamini 
Paxton Eobert 
Eodgers Wilham 
Shields Andrew 
Stamford Thomas 
Weir Jane 

Hotels Inns and Taverns 
Blue Bell Hotel, and posting 
house, W. A. Custance, 
Market-place 
Black Swan Inn, & posting 
house,John Sinton Market- 
place 



Black Bull, Eobert Briggs 
Free-masons' Arms, S. Dry den 
Nag's Head, James Young 
Odd Fellows' Arms, T. Moffat 
Salmon, W. Innes 

Beer Houses 

Dixon George 
Dunn Aaron 

Joiners 
Burn Thomas 
Gibson Eobert 
Johnson Thomas, Middleton 
Logan Charles 
Eichardson Eobert 
Thompson John 

Slaters 

Falla Matthew 
Ealla Selby 

Stonemasons 

Ferguson John 
Mabou John 

Surgeons 
Dayidson Thomas 
Hunt Henry 
Young William 

Tailors 

Guthrie Thomas,. & draj)er 
Henderson WiUiam 
Innes William 
Mabon David 
Patrick Eobert 

Watch and Clock Makers 

Eobson Matthew 
Thompson Christopher 



Conveyances from the Eailway Station, about a mile froto Belford.—- William Pawson^ 
station master. 

Caeriees. — To Alnwick, Thomas Moffat. — To Berwick, George Purvis, both on 
Saturdays. 

Detchant is a townskip containing with tlie townsliip of Middleton 3,094= 
acres. The annual value of Detchant is about £1,^00, and its population in 
1801, was 110; in 1811, 109; in 1821, 1Q8; in 1831, 180; in 1841, 178; 
and in L851, 150 souls. Stephen F. Gillum, Esq. is the proprietor of the 
whole township, which is two and a quarter miles N.N. W. of Belford, with 
which place its directory is given. 

Easington township is the property of the Rev. J. D. Clark M.A. of 
Belford Hall, and James Grieve, Esq. of Orde. It is situated one mile north- 



9m 



ID — SOUTH DlVlsfS^ 



east of Belford, and contains 848 acres, of which the annual vakiels"j&],01 
The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 151; in 1811, 195; in 1821, 
186; in 1831, 203; in 1841, 180; and in 1851, 174 souls. Easington 
Demesne is the property of James Grieve, Esq., of Orde, above-mentioned. 
Here is an assemblage of cottages inhabited by trades people and agricultural 
labourers. 

DiEECTOEY. — Johu Clarke, shoemaker; James Kobertson, farmer; David 
Hope ; John Eobinson, blacksmith ; James Cuthbertson, joiner ; and Charles 
Clapperton, shopkeeper. 

Easington Geange is a township, situated one mile and a half N.N.E. of 
Belford. It contains 547 acres, and its population in 1801, was 57; in 
1811, 57 ; in 18Q1, 54 ; in 1831, 62 ; in 1841, 64 ; and in 1851, 78 souls. 
It is the property of Edward Tyzack, who occupies the whole township. There 
is a corn mill here worked by Mr. Robert Embleton. 

Elwick township is the property of the Earl of Tankerville. It contains 
819 acres, and its rateable value is £850. Its population in 1801, was 54 ; in 
1811, 78 ; in 1821, 73 ; in 1831, 79 ; in 1841, 84; and in 1851, 69 souls. 
Part of this township formed a portion of the county of Durham, until October, 
1844, when it became for all purposes part of Northumberland. It is distant 
two miles north-east from Belford, and is entirely occupied by Mr. Ralph 
Nesbit. 

MiDDLETON is a towuship situated one mile N.N.W. of Belford, and con- 
tains with Detchant 3,094 acres, the property of Stephen F. Gillum, Esq. 
Its rateable value is about £1,200, and the number of its inhabitants in 1801, 
was 50; in 1811, 57; in 1821, 79; in 1831, 87; in 1841, 70; and in 
1851, 111 souls. Its directory is given with that of Belford. 

Ross township, like that of Elwick, is situated in Islandshire, and waff 
formerly a portion of the county of Durham. It is three miles north- 
east of Belford, and contains 3,698 acres, the rateable value of which is £900. 
This township is the property of the Earl of Tankerville. Its population in 
1801, was— in 1811, 46 ; in 1821, 55 ; in 1831, 65 ; in 184J, 56 ; andin 
1851, 49 souls. Ross and Elwick townships occupy a projecting tongue of 
land on the north side of Budle Bay, and consist of two large farms, with 
extensive rabbitjwarreu. Large quantities of cockles are found upon the sands 
in the neighbourhood. Mr. Hardy is the present occupier of Ross township. 



BAMBROUGH WARD— SOUTH DIVISION. 



ixo ELLINGHAM PARISH. 

■ Ellingham is a parish comprising the townships of Charlton North, 
Charlton South, Chathill, Doxford, Ellingham, and Preston, whose united 
area is 9,124 acres. It is bounded on the north by Bambrough parish, on the 
west and south, by Eglingham parish and Coquetdale Ward, and on the east 
by Embleton. It is about five and a half miles long by five miles broad, 
and its population in 1801, was 749; in 1811, 691 ; in 1821,801 ; in 1831, 



ELLIKGHAM PARISH. 6T3 

953 ; in 1841, 861 ; and in 1851, 936 souls. Coal and lime are abundant 
in this parish. 

Chaelton (North) is a township and village containing 2,731 acres, the 
property of John Kaj, Esq., of Edinburgh. In ]801 this township con- 
tained 219; in 1811, 178; in 1821, 230; in 1831, 244; in 1841, 238; 
and in 1851, 239 inhabitants. Eateable value £2,448 10s, Od. The Village 
of North Charlton is situated six miles north by west of Alnwick, Chael- 
TGX Hall is the residence of William Spours, Esq. 

DiRECTOEY. — J. Clarke, farmer; John Hall, stonemason; James Hills, farmer; 
B-obert Hindhaugh, miller and farmer ; Joseph Lackenby, shoemaker ; Thos. 
Laidlaw, farmer ; Alexander Reed, shopkeeper; Jane Rochester, innkeeper; 
Alexander Smith, tailor; Wilham Spours, Esq., Charlton Hall ; and Robert 
Taylor, blacksmith. 

Chaelton (South) is a township and village containing 1,866 acres, of 
which the rateable value is £1,500. The Duke of Northumberland is owner 
of the township and lord of the manor. Its population in 1801, was 166 ; 
in 1811, 139; in 1821, 170 ; in 1831, 187; in 1841, 188; and in 1851, 175 
souls. The Village of South Charlton is situated five miles north by west 
of Alnwick. 

DiEECTOET. — Thomas Bowden, blacksmith; George Fawcus, farmer, 
Brockley Hall; John Fawcus, farmer; William Nicholson, joiner; Robert 
Renner, farmer, Charlton Mires ; and James Thompson, shopkeeper, Charl- 
ton Mires. , 

Chathill is a township in the above mentioned pi ish, situated eight and a 
half miles north by east of Alnwick. It contains 3i ' acres, the property of 
Sir Edward Haggerstone, Bart. EUingham, and the rateable value is £830. 
The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 39; in 1811, 37; in 1821, 
27; in 1831, 30; in 1841, 18 ; and in 1851, 47 souls. Here is a station 
on the York, Newcastle, and Berwick Railway. 

DiEECTOEY. — John Bolam, farmer ; and Peter Wennin, station master, 

DoxFOED is a ttitwnship in EUingham parish, about seven miles north of 
Alnwick, containing 612 acres. Its population in 1801, w^as 49 ; in 1811, 
56 ; in 1821, 54; in 1831, 79; m 1841, 56 ; and in 1851, 75 souls. 

Ellingham, a township and village in the parish of the same name, con- 
tains 3,109 acres, the rateable value of which is £2,182 10s. It is the 
property of Sir Edward Haggerstone, Bart. Ellingham, and the number of 
its inhabitants in J80], was 228 ; in 1811, 221; in 1821, 257; in 1831, 
328 ; in 1841, 270 ; and in 1851, 318 souls. The manor of Ellingham, was 
formerly held by the Gaugy family, from whom it passed, in the reign of Ed- 
ward 1., to the Cliffords. Sir Allan de Heton, held it in the year 1378 ; 
and it afterwards became the property of the Duke of Northumberland, but on 
the confiscation of his estates, in 1461, it was given to the brother of Edward 
IV., at that time governor of Ireland, 

The Village of EUingham is about eight miles north of Alnvnck. 
The Paeish Chuech, dedicated to St. Maurice, is situated at a short distance 
from the village, and was founded })y Sir Ralph de Gaugy in the time ot 
Hugh Pudsey, Bishop of Durham, The parish register commeaGos in 1095. 



§74 BAMBROUGH WARD— SOUTH DIVISION. 

The living, a vicarage in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery 
of Bambrough, is valued in the Liber Regis at £6 5s. 5d. ; gi'oss income 
£564; patrons, the Dean and Chapter of Durham. Rev. Charles Perigal, 
M.A., vicar, Rev. Edward Browrigg, M.A., curate. Ellingham Hall, a 
neat mansion in a low and sheltered situation, on the banks of the Tuggall 
rivulet, is the residence of Sir Edward Haggerstone, Bart. There is a 
neat CathoHc Chapel attached to the Hall, Rev. G-eorge Meynell, priest. 
Tynely is a hamlet in this township, one mile south of Ellingham. A 
Free School was erected here in 1831. 

Directory. — Rev. Charles Perrigal, Rev. Edward Brownrigg, cumte, 
Rev. George Meynell (Catholic) ; Sir Edward Haggerstone, Bart. ; David 
Colville, schoolmaster and postmaster ; William and John Bone, farmers; 
Robert Calder, farmer, Tynely ; William Colville, inukeeper ; Andrew DLxon, 
farmer ; Frances Gibson, innkeeper, Brownside ; John Jackson, farmer, 
Windylaw ; and Isabella Jobson, shopkeeper. 

Preston is a township eight miles north by east of Alnwick, containiug 
457 acres of land, the property of Miss Frances Isabella Craster, and the 
rateable value of which is £651. Its population in 180], was 50; in 1811, 
59; in 1821, 63; in 1831, 85; in 1841, 91 ; and in 1851, 87 souls. 
Preston Tower, the residence of Miss F. I. Craster, stands on a fine emi- 
nence, one mile south-east of Ellingham. 

Directory. — Miss Frances Isabella Craster, Preston Tower; Andrew Gum- 
ming, blacksmith ; Eleanor Elliott, shopkeeper; WiUiam Elliott, joiner and 
cartwright ; Edward Wilkin, gardener ; and Thomas Forster, farmer. 

EMBLETON PARISH. 

Embleton parish comprises the chapelries of Rock .and Rennington, 
and the townships of Broxfield, Bninton High and Low, Craster, Dunston, 
Embleton, Falloden, Newton by the Sea, and Stamford. It is bounded on 
the north by Doxford and Tuggall, on the west by North and South Charlton, 
on the south by Howick, Longhoughton, and Deuwick, and on the east by 
the German Ocean. It is about five miles long by three and a half broad, 
and comprises an area of 13,228 acres. The population of this parish in 1801, 
was 1,515; in 1811, 1,526; in 1821, 1,806; in 1831,1,929; in 1841, 
^,030; and in 1851, 2,275. 

Broxfield township is situated two miles north by east of Alnwick, and 
contains 315 acres, the property of Clavering Calliley, Esq. Its population 
in 1801, w^as41; in 1811,43; in 1821, 28; in 1831, 29; in 1841, 24; 
and in 1851, 28 souls, Rateable value £345. 

Directory.- — George, Marshall and Thomas Thompson, farmers. 

Brunton High and Low is a township, containing 238 acres, the property 
of Sir George Grey and John Railston, Esq. It is situated one mile and a 
half north-west of Embleton, and its rateable value is £1,742 6s. 8d. In 
1801, it contained 77; in 1811,48; in 1821, 70; in 1831, 62; in 1841, 
69 ; and 1861, 73 inhabitants. Directory. — George Bell^ joiner, Low Brun- 
ton ; and Michael Wilkinson, senior, and junior, farmers. 



EMBLKTON PARISH. 57S 

Craster tovmship is situated six miles north-\^est of Alnwick. It con- 
tains 796 acres, aud its rateable value is £1,120, T. W. Craster, Esq., 
and Major Clutterback are the landowners. The nnmher of inhabitants in 
1801, was 100; 1811, 118; in 1821, 146; in 1831, 212; in 1841, 247; 
and in 1851, 222 souls. This township has been held by the Craster family 
since the 13th century, and is one of the few manors in the country, which is 
yet held by the family to whom it was originally granted. Craster Tower 
is a neat edifice, surrounded by some fine old woods, through whose foliage 
a fine view of the sea may be obtained. 

Directory. — T. W. Craster, Esq., Craster Tower ; James Grey, farmer ; 
Wilham Wood, farmer ; and Charles Archbold, innkeeper. 

DuxsTox is a township and hamlet, containing 1,663 acres, the property of 
the Earl of Tankerville and T. W. Craster, Esq. Its population in 1801, 
was 177; in 1811, 209; in 1821, 213; in 1831, 185; in 1841, 218; 
and in 185], 256 souls. Eateable value £1,696 lis. Od. The Hamlet of 
Dunston is situated about six and a half miles north-east of Alnwick, and is 
remarkable as being the birth-place of the celebrated Duns Scotus, who, 
when a boy, entered the Francisan Convent, in Newcastle, becoming after- 
wards a friar of that order. In the year 1301, after becoming a fellow of 
Meiton College, Oxford, he was elected professor of theology in the University, 
to which his great fame drew many sciiolars. He afterwards resided at Paris, 
and died at Cologne, on November 8th, 1308. In his day he was considered 
a prodigy of learning, and obtained the title of the Subtle Doctor. His works 
fill ten volumes, folio. 

DusTANBROuGH Castle has long since fallen to decay, nothing now remains 
but a few crumbling ruins, which occupy an eminence above the sea, two 
miles E. S. E. from Embleton. It is very probable that this castle was 
originally a British stronghold and afterwards fortified by the Romans. We 
do not, however, find it noticed previous to the early part of the 14th century, 
when it appears to have- been rebuilt by Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, general of 
the confederate army against Edward IT. This Thomas was also owner of 
Pontefract Castle, in the vicinity of which place he was beheaded, after his 
capture by the royal troops at Boroughbridge. Though he sufi'ered as a traitor, 
he was revered by the people as a martyr, and styled by them a saint ; the 
place where he suffered is called to this day by the inhabitants of Pontefract 
and its neighbourhood, St. Thomas's Hill. All that remain at present of 
Dunstanbrough Castle are the outworks on the south and west sides, w^hich, 
with the large cliff's, enclose an area of about nine acres. On the north side 
the rocks rise to the height of about thirty feet. On the north-west point, 
the wall extends along the edge of a precipitous rock, having a high square 
tower of excellent masonry in the centre, with turrets at each corner, and 
from its appearance this is supposed to be the most modern portion of the 
castle. In the south wall is a gateway, which was formerly defended by 
two strong semi-circular towers, surmounted by square turrets. This wtill 
reaches to the sea cliffs, and is protected by two square bastions, a small sally- 
port, and a square tower. Near the eastern tower we may trace the ruins of 



576 BAMBnOUdH WAED^ — SOUTH DIVISION. 

the castle chapel, beneath which there is a chasm irt the rock sixty feet long 
and forty feet deep, where the sea makes a dreadful inset, during stormy 
weather. The country people call this the Rumble Churn, and it must be 
confessed that it presents a very awful appearance when viewed from the walls 
of the old tower. 

DiRECTOEY. — William Darling, farmer ; George Fawcers, farmer ; Marshall 
Luckley, gardener ; Alexander Murray, innkeeper ; John Pringle, farmer ; 
George Scott, farmer ; and Ealph Graham, carrier to Alnwick, on Saturdays. 

Embleton, a township and village in the parish of the same name, contains 
2,394 acres, of which the rateable value is £4,525 7s. 9d. Its population in 
1801, was 294 ; in 1811, 312 ; in 1821, 413 ; in 1831, 492 ; in 1841, 525 ; 
and in 1851, 656 souls. The Manor of Embleton was, in ancient times, the 
property of John le Vicount, who held it by the service of three knights' fees. 
On his decease it passed by the marriage of his daughter to the Marisco 
family, and was afterwards purchased by Simon de Montford, Earl of Leices- 
ter, upon whose attainder it reverted to the crown. It was subsequently given 
to Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, whose grandson dying without male 
issue, the manor was divided between his two daughters, Maud and Blanche. 
The latter married the celebrated John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, whose 
son and heir, Henry of Bolingbroke, afterwards became Henry IV., when th 
manor became a royal fief It is now the property of the Earl of Tankerville. 

The Village of Embleton is situated about a mile w^est from the sea, and 
seven miles N.N.E. of Alnwick. The Parish Church, dedicated to the Holy 
Trinity, is a neat stone building, restored by subscription in 1850, under the 
direction of the present vicar. The living is a vicarage in the archdeaconry 
of Lindisfarne and deanery of Alnwick, valued in the Liber Regis at 
£11 3s. 4d. ; gross income, £856. Patrons, the Wardens and Fellows of 
Merton College, Oxford. Rev. George Rooke, vicar. The School was 
erected in 1825, and is endowed with eight and a half acres of land, 
bequeathed by the Rev. Vincent Edwards, a former vicar, for the education 
of poor children. A sum of money was bequeathed by the same gentleman 
to the poor of this parish, in the year 1778, but the intentions of the donor 
were not carried out, and the money was applied to the construction of a 
gallery in the church. A Reading Room and Library were opened here in 
February 1854 ; the gentlemen in the neighbourhood being annual subscri- 
bers. Cheiston Bank, in this township, is the seat of George Dunn, Esq. 

Charities. — The Rev. Vincent Edwards, in 1712, bequeathed the sum of 
£40 to the school of Embleton, and a similar sum to the poor of the parish, 
half of the interest to be distributed yearly on the anniversary of his decease, 
by the minister and churchwardens, and the other half to be laid out in bibles, 
prayer books, and the Whole Duty of Man, for the poor, by the minister only. 
He also gave £20 to each of the chaplains of Rock and Rennington in this 
parish, the interest to be paid to a master for teaching three poor children to 
say their catechism, read, write, and accounts. The sum of £20 given to the ■ 
chapelry of Rock has been increased by interest to £24. The sum of £201 
bequeathed to the chapelry of Rennington, appears to have been lost, previous 



EMBLETON PAEISH. 



577 



to the year 1798, by the failure of a person in whose hands it had been placed. 
Thomas Wood, who died in July 1747, left £10, one moiety of which was to 
he distributed among the poor of the township of Failowden, and the residue 
among the other townships of the parish. 

Post Ori-iCE, EmFjeton, John Morton, x-ostmaster. Letters arrive, from AInmckj at 
12-30 noon, iind are despatched thereto at 5-15 p.m. 



J3a\dson James, joiner 

Dunn George, Esq. Christen Bank 

Embleton Eohert C. surgeon 

IMoore Geo. station master. Christen Bank 



Kooke Kev. George, vicar, Vicarage 
Boss Eev. Wm. (Presbyterian). 
Short Leonard, miller 
Smith Thomas, saddler 



Blacksmitlis 
Ilutchins ^Yilliam 
Scott James 

Boot and Shoemakers 

Dickinson John 
Dickinson Eobert 
Mavin Joseph 

Butchers 
Cairns Eobert 



Errington Joseph 

Farmers 

Coxon Eichard and Eobert, 

Glebe Farm 
JNIaviu George, North Farm 
Oswald George, Embleton, 

East Side 
Eogers Thos. South Farm 



Smith Thos. Wood Stead 
Grocers 

Bowey Thomas 
Gibbison Alice 
Morten John 
Pitt William, and baker 
Scott Andrew 



Inns and Taverns 
Biinkhody Hotel, A. Mennin, ChristonBank 
Blue Bell, Henry Patterson 
Grey^s Inn, James ElHott 



Hare (& Hounds Inn (and stabling), Thos. 

Deveney 
Railway Inn, Joseph Mavin 
Three Tuns, Thomas Smith 



Eeerhonses 
Embleton Thomas 
McDowell Wilham 

Schools 
Jessop Edwin 
Weatherley Mary 



Slaters and Plasterers 

Wood Joseph 
Wood Robert 

Stonemasons 

Stewart Eobert 



Taylor Eichard 

Tailors 

Humble Edward 
Stephenson Peter 
Stephenson Eobert 



CoNVEYAKCE by railway, from the station at Christon Bank. 

Caeriees. — Andrew Scott, Thomas Bowey, and Alice Gibbison, to Alnwick on Saturdays 

Fallow^den township is situated six miles north by east of Alnwick, and 
contains 1,024 acres the property of Sir George Grey. Rateable value £1,056 
10s. Its population in 1801, was 92 ; in 1811, 79 ; in 1821, 112 ; in 1831, 
105 ; in 1841, 113, and in 1851, 122 souls. This township w^as formerly 
the property of Samuel Salkeld, Esq., and afterwards of Thomas Wood, 
Esq., w^hose only daughter and heiress married Sir Henry Grey, Bart,, from 
whom the estate has descended to the present proprietor. It is subject to a 
rent charge of £5 annually for the education of poor children. Fallowden 
Hall is the residence of Sir George Grey. Mrs. Scott is the only farmer in 
this township. 

Newton by the Sea is a township and village containing 1,411 acres, 
the property of Captam Potts, and Joseph Gordon Forster, Esq. The num- 
ber of inhabitants in this township in 1801, was ,200; in 1811, 178; in 

2 N 



578 BAMBEOUGH WARD— SOUTH DIVISION. 

1821, 247 ; in 1831, 271 ; in 1841, 282 ; and in 1851, 274 souls. Its 
rateable value is £1,947. Tpie Village of Newton by the Sea is situated 
eight and a half miles north-east by nortli of Alnwick. The inhabitants are 
chiefly employed in fishing, great quantities of turbot, lobsters, and herrings 
are frequently caught. 

DiRECTOEY. — Joseph G. Forster, Esq. ; William Chirnside, farmer; George 
Gaggy, innkeeper; Ralph Pringle, fish-curer; aud W. Watkin, farmer. 

Eenntngton is a chapehy, township, and village, the property of the Duke 
of Northumberland, and comprises 1,812 acres, of which the rateable value 
is £2,069. 18s. Its population in 1801, was 252; in 1811, 270; in 1821, 
272 ; in 1831, 273 ; in 1841, 245 ; and in 1851, 269 souls. The Village 
of Eennington occupies a sheltered situation three and three quarter miles 
north-east by north of Alnwick. The Chapel, dedicated to All Saints, 
is an ancient edifice, the register of wliich commences in 1768. The living, 
a perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarue and deanery of Alnwick, 
is returned at £46; gross income £59. Patron, the vicar of Euibleton ; in- 
cumbent, the Rev. David Ingleby, who also attends Rock Chapel. 

Charity. — John Scott, who died in 1738, left £10 to the poor of this 
chapelry. The interest of this sum is given to the poor of Renuington and 
Brocksfield annually at Whitsuntide. 

Directory. — Rev. David Ingleby; Mary Dawsou, shopkeeper; Robert 
Downey, schoolmaster and chapel clerk; John Stewart, shopkeeper; John 
Todd, innkeeper and blacksmith ; and the farmers are George Dickman, John 
Dickman, William Forrest, John Rutherford, Robert Straughan, William 
Straughan, John Thompson, and William Whittle. 

Rock is a chapelry, township, and village, the property of the Rev. R. Bosan- 
quet, J. P. The township comprises an area of 1,973 acres, and the number 
of its inhabitants in 1801, was 160 ; in 1811, 152 ; in 1821, 185 ; in 1831, 
206; in 1841, 227; and in 185 J, 250 souls. Rateable value £2,269 15s. 
lOd, The manor of Rock w^as formerly held under the barony of Alnwick 
by a family that bore the local name. It passed from the Rocks to the 
Lawsons, and from them to the Salkelds and Proctors, the latter of 
whom disposed of it to the late Peter Holford of London, by whose 
son it was sold to the Bosanquet family with whom it has since con- 
tinued. The Village of Rock is situated on an eminence commanding 
a fine prospect of the surrounding country. The soil in the neighbour- 
hood is very fertile, and the scenery in the vicinity is grand and 
romantic. The Chapel is dedicated to S.S. Philip and James. The 
living, a perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarue and deanery of 
Alnwick, is united to that of Renning-ton. It is returned at £46. lOs. ; gross 
income £59 ; and is in the patronage of the vicar of Embleton. Here is a 
Free School endowed with several small sums, besides a house for the teacher. 
Rock Hall, the residence of the Rev. R. Bosanquet, is a fine old mansion. 

Directory. — Rev. R. Bosanquet, J.P., Rock Hall ; James Aitchison, farm- 
steward ; Robert Weir, blacksmith ; and the farmers are George and Thomas 
Barber, Thomas Sharpe, and George and Joseph Rochester. 



,: HOWICK PAEISH, 579 

Stamfoed is a towDsliip containing 1,602 acres, the property of the Earl 
of Taukerville, and its rateable value is £3,465. 10s. Its population in 
1801, was 122; in 1811, 117; in 1821, 120; in 1831, 94; in 1841, 90; 
and in 1851, 125 souls. It is situated four and three-quarter miles north- 
east by north of Alnwick, and is farmed by Mr. William Davison. 



HOWICK PARISH. , 

HowicK parish is bounded on the north and west by Embleton, on the 
south by Long Houghton, and on the east by the German Ocean. It com- 
prises an area of 1,692 acres, and its rateable value is £2,481, Population 
in 1801, 184; in 1811, 214; in 1821, 234; in 1831, 208; in 1841, 242; 
and in 1851, 315 souls. This parish possesses no dependent townships, and 
its soil is rich, fertile and well cultivated. Speaking of Howick Coast, George 
Tate, Esq., F.G.S. says, "The geological features of the coast from Culler- 
nose to Howick Burn, are entitled to more than a passing notice ; for there 
is no part of the country which presents, within so limited an area, a greater 
number of important and interesting geological phenomena. 

" A cliff, facing the sea, extends from Cullernose on the north to Howick 
Burn, varying in height from twenty to 120 feet. The rocks are limestone, 
shale, coal, and sandstone belonging to the carboniferous formation, in- 
tersected by basaltic and clay dikes, and covered over in one part, with a 
great overflow of basalt. Cullernose is the southern termination on the coast 
of this overflow, and rises in majestic columns of basalt from the sea to the 
height of upwards of 100 feet. The name seems descriptive of its high ex- 
posed situation ; Nose, Ness, and Naise, indicating a promontory or cape, 
and Culler being probably another form of Caller, used in Northumberland 
and Scotland to express such an amount of cold as would be experienced when 
a strong wind is blowing over high ground. A gritty sandstone is visible at 
low water underlying this basalt, which along with the stratified rocks dip 
towards the north-east. Basalt extends along the iron-bound coast north- 
ward to Dunstanbrough, where it forms another lofty cliff, under which the 
sandstones, coal, shales, and limestone are again found. Sandstones and 
shales, torn from their beds by the volcanic outburst, are mingled in a con- 
fused mass with basalt on the south side of Cullernose. Limestones and 
calcareous shales pass under the sandstone ; they are much contorted, and 
undulate in a succession of ridges and hollows along the shore. These beds 
contain an abundance of the remains of marine animals. In the calcareous 
shales, which are similar in mineral character and organic contents to the 
Calp in Ireland, there are many fossils, several of them being coated over 
with iron pyrites, or sulphuret of iron, and when recently washed by the 
tide, the dark grey rocks seem studded with golden ornaments. 

" A white flaggy sandstone underlies these calcareous beds, and contains a 
remarkable vermiform fossil, the nature of which has not yet been satisfactorily 
determined. The limestone and sandstone beds are cut thi*ough, neai'ly 



580 BRAMBEOUOH WAED— -SOUTH DIVISIOK. 

perpendicularly, by a small basaltic dike, which runs from the shore into the 
sea in a perfectly straight direction. It is ouly four feet wide ; but standing 
above the stratified beds, and appearing like a wall built up by human hands, 
it is a singular and interesting object. The adjacent beds are not affected by 
it either in position or structure. 

" Proceeding southwards, arenaceous shales with ironstone nodules, thick 
beds of blue Hmestone, a,nd another stratum of Calp rise out from beneath the 
flaggy sandstone. But nearly opposite to Howick village, these beds are cut 
off, by a great fault, which has rent the beds and considerably altered their 
position. This fault slopes to the south, and the strata on the north side- 
have been thrown up ; it is filled partly with shattered fragments of limestone 
and calp, and with basalt ; it is in fact a small vein containhig, and mixed 
with the veinstones, galena or sulphuret of lead. It runs in the direction of 
east by north ; and as a lead mine was formerly worked at Little Houghton, 
both are probably parts of the same vein. This great rent in the earth's 
surface appears to be the result of the A'olcanic outbursts, which threw up 
from the molten depths, the basalts spread over the eastern part of the district; 
for there is a mass of amorphous basalt in this vein, connected with a stratum 
of basalt-forced in between the limestone and sandstone on the north side of 
the dike, the sandstone being in a shivered and indurated state. In the 
basaltic mass, small but fine crystals of quartz, some of them amethystine, 
have been found. 

" On both sides, the beds rise towards the fault : on the north side the dip 
is at a high angle to the north-east ; but on the south side it is E.S.E. The 
series of beds is also different ; for, on the south side, neither the limestone 
nor the Calp appears. From this point onward to Howick Burn, there are 
sandstones of great thickness, arenaceous and carbonaceous shales, and beds 
of coal, in which are well-preserved and characteristic specimens of the car- 
boniferous flora. Several of the sandstone layers exhibit well-defined ripple 
marks. Although, these beds are of great thickness, the only calcareous 
strata are a very impure buff limestone of one foot thick, with a coarse plate- 
bed holding calcareous matter ; both containing marine fossils. 

" Near to the Howick Boat House, the high tide in 1849 laid bare a sub- 
marine forest, giving evidence of a change of level in the coast within a 
comparatively recent period. This forest consisted of a number of oak, fir, 
elder, and hazel trees, some lying prostrate, and others still rooted and 
having short upright- stems ; hazel nuts were also found : these vegetables 
were embedded in peat. Similar forests extending into the sea have been 
observed at various parts of the eastern coast. I have seen them at Newton 
by the sea, and at Hartlepool, wheie a six-feet deposit of vegetable matter is 
covered over with a large accumulation of recent marine shells." 

Howick was held of the barony of Muschampe, in the reign of Hemy III,, 
but we find it shortly afterwards the j)roperty of Adam Rybaud, who rendered 
for it the service of one knight to William de Vesci. In the year 1317, 
Hentercombe, one of the representatives of the Muschampes, died, seised 
of a moiety of the manor, the other half being possessed by the Greys of 



HO WICK PAETSII- 681 

Chillingliam, who in a short time, became the owners of the whole manor, which 
they have since retained. The family of Grey, which is very ancient in 
Xorthumberland, first attained the peerage in the reign of Edward IV., and it is 
observable that the Gray family of Scotland bear the same arms as the Greys 
of the north ef England. As Northumberland, at one period, was considered 
part of Scotland, it is possible that Lord Grey of Chillingham, in this county, 
whose predecessor came over with the Conqueror, granted Broxmouth in 
Eoxburghshire to a younger son of the family, from whom all the Grays of 
Scotland are thought to be descended. Sir Hugh de Gray wa,s proprietor of 
Broxmouth in 1314, and his descendant Sir Andrew Gray was summoned as 
a lord of parliament, in 1437. Sir Thomas Grey of TIeaton and Wark, 
younger son of Sir Thomas Grey of Chihingham, by Jane, daughter of John 
Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk, and younger brother of John Grey, first Earl of 
Tankerville, in Normandy, K.G. who died in 1421, was the direct ancestor of 
the present peer, who is lineally descended from Sir Edward Grey of Howick, 
fourth son of Sir Ralph Grey of Chillingham and Wark. This Sir Edward 
Grey died in 1632 ; his descendant Sir Henry Grey, Sheriff of Northumber- 
land in 1736, was created a baronet by George II. in 1746 ; he died in 1749, 
leaving issue by Hannali, daughter of Thomas Wood, Esq., of Fallowden, 
Sir Henry Grey, of Howick, second baronet, M.P. for Northumberland, wdio 
died unmarried in 1808, and Sir Charles Grey, who was elevated to the 
peerage by the title of Lord Grey of Howick, in May 1801, and was further 
advanced to be Earl Grey and Viscount Howick, in April 1806 ; his lordship 
died in 1807, and was succeeded by his son Charles, Earl Grey, formerly 
M.P. for this county, who married Mary Elizabeth, daughter of William 
Brabazon Ponsonby, since created Lord Ponsonby, by Louisa, daughter of 
Pilchard Viscount Molesworth. On the death of this nobleman in 1845, he 
was succeeded by his son Henry, the present Earl, who is Lord-Lieutenant 
and custos-rotulorum of the county of Northumberland, a privy-councillor, 
and an official trustee of the British Museum. Plis lordship has been suc- 
cessively under-secretary for the Colonies, under-secretary for the Home 
Department, secretary at war, and secretary of state for the Colonies. 

The Village of Howick is situated about a mile from the sea, and is prin- 
cipally inhabited by the families of the servants of Earl Grey. The Parish 
Chuech, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin, is an elegant fabric in the Grecian 
style, erected upon the site of the old church, which was built previous to 
the year 1140. The living is a rectory in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarno 
and deanery of Alnwick, valued in the Liber Regis at £36 13s. 4d. Patron 
the Bishop of Durham ; rector, the Rev. Dixon Browai. LI ere is a daily 
school, supported by an endowment. The interest of .£100 bequeathed in 
1749 by Sir Henry Grey, is annually distributed amongst the poor. 
' Howick Hall, erected in 1787, from designs by Paine, is a noble mansion 
situated in a beautiful park, watered by two streams which unite in the 
grounds. Near the eastern side of the park are the remains of a Roman en- 
campment, where several Roman coins and other antiquities have been 
discovered. 



58^ BAMBROUGfH WARD — SOUTH DIVISION* 

BioGEAPHT. — Dr. Isaac Basire was chaplain to King Charles I., and rector 
of this parish. During the parliamentary wars, he clung with great tenacity 
to the royal cause, but at length being forced to quit the kingdom, he passed 
over to the continent, where he formed the resolution of propagating the 
doctrines of the Church of England among the Greeks, Arabians, Egyptians, 
&c., and travelled through Apulia, Naples, Sicily, the Morea, &c., into Syria 
and Palestine. During his journey he collated the several confessions of faith 
of the Greeks, Armenians, Jacobites, Maronites, &g., which he kept by him 
in their own languages. After fifteen years of incessant labour he returned 
to England, and Charles II., being restored about the same period, restored 
him to his former benefices, viz. : — the archdeaconry of Northumberland, and 
the rectory of Howick. He died on October 12th, 1676. 

Chapjttes.— Magdalen Grey, by her will dated 6th April, 1709, left £300 
on trust, which has been devoted to Howick Free School ; and Sir Henry Grey 
in 1749, gave to the same establishuient, £200, to be put out at interest for 
the use of the said school. He also gave to the poor of Howick parish £5 a 
year for ever, to be distributed by the heads of the parish, on the 2 1st of 
November, in every year. 

DiEECTOEY. — The Plight Honourable Henry Earl Grey, Howick Hall; 
Eev. Dixon Brown, rector ; and Robert Barr, schoolmaster. 

LESBURY PARISH, 

Lesbuey is a parish comprising the townships of Alnmouth, Biltoo, and 
Lesbury, and is bounded on the north by Long Houghton, on the west by 
Alnwick, on the south by High Buston and Shilbottle, and on the east by 
the German Ocean. It contains 2,624 acres, and the number of its inhabi- 
tants in 1801, was 874; in 1811, 858; in 1821, 982; in 1831, 976; in 
]841, 1,108; and in 1851, it had increased to 1,238 souls. A portion of this 
parish extends across the river Aln into Coquet(Jale Ward. 

Alnmouth, or, as it is often called, Alemouth, is a township and smaUport, 
the property of the Duke of Northumberland. The township comprises an 
area of 579 acres, and its rateable value is £1,340. Population in 1801, 350; 
in 1811, 353; in 1821, 406; in 1831, 415; in 1841, 480; and in 1851, 
488 souls. The Village and Port of Alnmouth is situated, as its name 
implies, at the mouth of the Aln. It occupies a high and airy situation, upon 
a promontory between the river and the sea, about five miles E.S.E. of Aln- 
wick, and carries on a considerable trade in the exportation of corn, while 
large quantities of timber and merchandise are imported fiom Holland. 
The ruins of a chapel dedicated to St. John the Baptist, stood upon an 
eminence near the sea, but it has been almost washed away by tidal action, 
and would have entirely disappeared had it not been protected by a wall erected 
by the Duke of Northumberland. Here is a Wesleyan Methodist chapel, 
erected by the late Mr. John Apjoleby, a corn merchant in the village. A 
school is held in the chapel, and twenty poor children receive a gratuitous edu- 
cation, Mr. Appleby haying left £20 per annum for that purpose. William 
Burn, teacher. 



LESBUKY PARISH. 



;83 



Post Office, Alnmouth, Eobert Simpson, Postmaster. Letters arrive, from Alnwick, 
at 11-45 a.m., and are despatched thereto at 3-15 p.m. 



Armstrong James, tailor 

Brown Jane, vict. Ship Inn 

Blythe John, tailor 

Burn William, schoolmaster 

Charlton Mrc Thomas 

Crozier Christopher, draper 

Dickson Arcliibald, corn merchant and 

herring curer 
Edmondson Mrs. Mary 
Edmondson James 

Elliott, the Misses S. & A. lodging house 
Gibb Eobert, master mariner 
Gowens William, vict. and stonemason, 

Red Lion 
Hunter Thomas, vict. Eoyal OaJc, Aln- 

month-road 



Heatley Henry, master mariner 

Marshall James, custom house officer 

Robinson John, boot and shoemaker 

Eobson Andrew, relieving officer, and regis- 
trar of births and deaths for the Wark- 
worth district 

Simpson Edward, baker 

Simpson Mr. John 

Simpson John, tailor 

Simpson Joseph, grocer 

Simpson Eobert, shipowner and agent 

Strother William, Esq. 

Thompson Eev. Moorhouse, M.A. curat© 

Walby William, gardener 

Young John, harbour master 

Young William, boot and shoemaker 



BiLTON is a township and liamlet in tlie above parish, situated on the south 
side of the Aln, in the east division of Coquetdale Ward. The Hamlet of 
Bilton is pleasantly situated on the road leading from Alnwick to Warkworth, 
about three miles south-east by east of the latter place. Here is a station on 
the York, Nej\'castle, and Berwick railway, and for the Alnwick branch hue. 
Bilton House, the residence of Thomas Tate, Esq., is finely situated on an 
eminence which commands many fine views of the surrounding country. 

Directory. — Thomas Tate, yeoman, and land agent and valuator to the 
Duke of Northumberland, Bilton House ; William Pender, blacksmith ; John 
Straughan, shopkeeper; and George Taylor, farmer, Bilton Barns. 

Lesbury, a township and village, gives name to the parish in wdiich it is 
situated. The area of the tow^nship, inclusive of the hamlets of Bilton, Hawk- 
hill, and Wooden, which are united with Lesbury for the relief of the poor, 
though distinct for every other purpose, is 9,054 acres, and its rateable value 
is £'8,116 15s. 9d. The Duke of Northumberland is landowner. Population 
in 1801, 524; in 1811, 505; in 1831, 576; in 1831, 561; in 1841, 628; 
and in 1851, 750 souls. 

The Village of Lesbury is situated on the northern bank of the Aln, over 
which there is a neat stone bridge, three and a half miles east by south of 
Alnwick. The Church, dedicated to St. Mary, has been recently repaired 
and beautified. The living is a discharged vicarage in the archdeaconry of 
Lindisfarue and deanery of Alnwick, valued in the Liber Regis at £8 2s. lOd.; 
gross income, £282, and is in the patronage of the Crown. Rev. Moor- 
house Thompson, curate. A new vicarage has been erected during the present 
year. Here is a National School, and an extensive corn-mill. In November, 
1850, several cist-vaens, or ston'e coffins, were discovered on the summit of a 
hill, about a quarter of a mile from Lesbury, and near to the Newcastle and 
Berwick railway. This hill is one of the Boulder formation, which modify, 
in a peculiar manner, the physical features of the eastern part of Northum- 
berland. Tt commands a fine view of Alnmouth Bay, and of the vale of the Aln, 
with tlie Cheviots in the background. Five cist-vaens were opened all differ- 



584 



BAMBROUGH WAED — SOUTH DIVISION. 



ing from each other in size, and lying in different directions ; they were, 
however, constructed in a similar manner. The clay subsoil had been 
hollowed out to the depth of from two to four feet, and slabs of stone, generally 
four, were placed on edge against each other, so as to form a quadrangular 
space ; these were covered with a larger slab, and above this, large stones 
were heaped up to the height of more than two feet. The structure was 
simple and rude enough. No cement had been used, no ornament or 
inscription appeared, the only indication of the use of a tool being a few 
marks on the covering slabs, similar to those made by a mason's pick. The 
slabs were regularly bedded grey sandstones, such as are found in situ on the 
neighbouring coast, and the stones piled up to form the artificial tumulus, or 
barrow, were the boulders of basalt, limestone, and sandstone, which occur 
abundantly in the boulder-clay deposit of the neighbourhood. 

BioGEAPHY. — The Rev. Percival Stockdale, formerly vicar of this parish, . 
was the only child of the Rev. Thomas Stockdale, vicar of Branxton. 
Having received a good education at Alnwick and Berwick, he, on the demise 
of his father, entered the army as a heutenant in the '23rd regiment of foot, 
in which he served for some time. The regiment having received orders to 
embark for India, Lieutenant Stockdale resigned his commission, and two 
years afterwards received deacon's orders from Dr. Trevor, Bishop of Durham. 
He then went to London, where he spent his time in the society of Garrick, 
Dr. Johnson, Dr. Brown, and Goldsmith. He afterwards became curate to 
Mr. Thorpe, the vicar of Berwick, but in a short time gave up his curacy, 
and embarked for Italy, wdiere he read and wrote very assiduously. On his 
return in 1769, he translated " Tasso's Aminta," and shortly afterwards 
succe'eded Dr. Guthrie, as editor of the " Critical Review." In 1782 he 
took priest's orders, and in the following year was presented by Lord 
Chancellor Thurlow with the living of Lesbury, to which the Duke of 
Northumberland added that of Long Houghton. Here he wrote his 
tragedy of " Ximenes,"' but in consequence of his declining health, he 
accepted an invitation to Tangiers, where he passed some time. On his 
return he Vv^ote an elaborate " History of Gibraltar," which he subsequently 
destroyed, He afterwards v^'ote some poems, and published his " Lectures 
on the Poets," as also his " Memoirs of Himself," dedicated to the celebrated 
Miss Porter. He died at Lesbury, on September 14th, 1811, aged 78 years. 

Charities. — John Coulter, in 1742, left £20 to the poor of Lesbury, in 
respect of which £2 9s. 3d. was paid from a gallery erected in the church. 
The pews in this gallery are let, and the rents, amounting to £7 8s. Od. per 
annum, are distributed by the minister and churchwardens at Christmas and 
Midsummer, in small sums among the poor of the parish. 

HawkhillIs a joint township with Lesbury, and is situated on the north 
bank of the Aln, about two and a half miles east by south of Alnwick. It 
is the property of Earl Grey, and consists of one farm in the occupancy of 
Mr. Thomas Chrisp. 

Wooden is a hamlet m this township, but locally situated in Coquetdale 
Ward, four and a half miles south-east by south of Alnwick. It is exclusively 
occupied and farmed by Mr. Roger Buston, of Buston Hall. 



LONa HOUGHTON PAHtSfl. 



x^nderson Elizabeth, shopkeeper 

Bavd William, shopkeeper 

Bell Edward, vict. and blacksmith, BlacJc- 

sniiths' Atins 
Bell Robert, blacksmith 
Boyle Stephen, shoemaker 
Dawson Eev. Charles, yicar, Vicarage 
Dickson Joseph, joiner and cartwright 
Flintoff Walter, joiner and millwright 
Forster William, cartwright 
Moore Joseph, vict. Northumherland Arms 
Keyners Samuel A. schoolmaster & parish 

clerk 
Swan John, boot & shoemaker 
Tate George, stonemason 
Thompson WilUam, clerk, Lesbnry Mill 



Wilson Edward, shopkeeper 
Young Joseph, beer retailer 

Farmers 

Buston Eoger, Buston Hall 
Cairns Ralph, Link Farm 
Chrisp Thomas, Hawkhill 
Dand Robert, Esq., Field House 
Eadington James, & miller, Bilton Mill 
Egdell Thomas, Waterside 
Embleton Lucy, Foxton Hall 
Embleton Thomas, Town Head 
Gardner Robert, Waterside Farm 
Swan Mark, and overseer. Hill Head 
W'ilson Charles, Hipsburn 



LONG HOUGHTON PARISH. 

Long Houghton parish comprises the townships of Boulnier with Seaton 
House, Little Houghton, and Long Houghton, whose united area is 4,113 
acres. It is bounded on the north by Howick and Embleton parishes, 
on the west bj Alnwick parish, on the south by Lesbury, and on the 
east by the German ocean. The parish is about two miles in length by 
three in breadth, and coal, lead, and limestone, are the principal minerals. 
Its population in 1801, was 554 ; in 1811, 595 ; in 1821, 650 ; in 1831, 
690; in 1841, 773; and in 1851, it had attained to 861 souls. 

BouLMERAND Seaton House lorm a township in this parish, containing 
391 acres, the property of the Duke of Northumberland, and the rateable value 
is £634 6s. It contained in 1801, 100 ; in 1811, 103 ; in 1831, 104 ; in 1831, 
140 ; in 1841, 153 ; and in 1851, 149 inhabitants. From the estuary of the 
Aln to Howick Burn, there seems to have been at one time a vast forest of 
oaks, wdiich has been submerged by the sea, the enormous roots of the trees 
are sometimes discovered, even now, by the removal of the sand. The 
Hamlet of Boulmer is situated on the sea shore, about six miles east by 
north of Alnwick, and is chiefly inhabited by fishermen, and persons engaged 
in fish-curing. It contains a school, which is partly endowed by the Duke 
of Northumberland, an inn, and two grocers' shops. Boulmer Bay, 
where the fishing boats are moored, might, with great facility, be converted 
into an excellent harbour, as the rocks form a natural basin eight hundred 
yards long, and four hundred yards broad, ^^ with a good entrance, which is 
twelve feet deep at low water. Seaton House, about half a mile south of 
Boulmer, is a small hamlet consisting of a farm house and a few cottages. 

Dhectory. — Archibald Dickson, fish-curer ; George Hudson, fish-curer ; 
Henry Richardson, schoolmaster and grocer ; Bartholomew Stephenson, 
innkeeper; and George Turner, grocer. 

Little Houghton is a township and hamlet in the above-named parish, 
the property of Earl Grey. The township comprises an area of 753 acres, 
and its rateable value is £3,367. Its population in 1801, was 73 : in 1811, 
75; inl8i^], 77; in 1831, 80; in 1841, 136; and in 1851, 165 souls. 

3 N ,3 



BAMBEOUaH WAED — SOUTH DIVISION. 



A lead mine was opened in this township as early as 1763; and coal of a 
peculiar description has also been found. The Hamlet of Little Houghton 
is pleasantly situated three and a half miles north-east by east of Alnwick. 
Little Mill is another hamlet in this township. 

DiRECTOEY. — Henry P. Burrell, Esq. ; John Elliott, farmer ; and Archibald 
Hills, land agent. 

LoNa Houghton is a township and village in the parish of the same name, 
the property of the Duke of Northumberland. The towTiship contains 2,969 
acres, and its rateable value is £5,018 13s. 6d. The number of the 
inhabitants in 1801, was 371 ; in 1811, 418; in 1821, 469 ; in 1831, 470 ; 
in 1841, 483; and in 1851, 547 souls. 

The Village of Long Houghton is situated about four and a half miles east 
by north of Alnwick. The Church, dedicated to St. Peter, is a plain 
structure, containing several marble monuments to the memory of various 
members of the Roddam and Clarke families. The living is a discharged 
vicarage in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne, and deanery of Alnwick, 
valued in the Liber Regis at £9 9s. 4d., gross income, £173. Patron, the 
Duke of Northumberland; incumbent, the Rev. Henry Bell, B.A, The 
parish register commences in 1646. There is a Day and Sunday school in the 
village, and a station on the York, Newcastle, and Berwick Railway. 

Ratcheugh Crag is a romantic eminence, situated near the village, and 
is part of a range of basaltic eminences running inland from Cullernose. It 
commands an extensive prospect along the coast, up the vale of the Aln, and 
onward to the Cheviot Hills. With a slope to the east, it presents a bold 
chff-like face to the west, formed of huge basaltic columns, capped with beds 
of carboniferous limestone, which, on the slope of the hill are covered with a 
metamorphic shale, containing the same fossils as those found in the " calp" 
at Howick. 

Charities. — Cuthbert Chessman, in 1729, bequeathed £3. per annum to 
the poor of Long Houghton town, to be paid at Christmas and Whitsuntide ; 
and Stanton Neale, in 1814, gave an annuity of £10. to the poor of Long 
Houghton township, on Christmas day. 



Bell Rev. Henry, vicar 
Dennis Wm. stationmaster 
Finlay R. schoolmaster "" 
Robinson John, butcher 
Wilson Robert, mason 

Blacksmiths 
Elder John 
Robinson William 



Boot and Shoemakers 

Forster Edward 
Murray Robert 
Robinson Robert 

Conveyance from the Railway Station 

Caeriee.— To AiNWiCK, George Sheet, on Saturdays 



Farmers 
Binks James, Pepper Moor 
Bolam Christphr. Ratcheugh 
Davison Michael, Long Bank 

Farm 
Dunn Josph.Denwick-ln. End 
Elder Thomas, Howlet-hill 

Farm 
Forster John, Flowers Farm 
Grey Thomas, Harlow-hill 
Grey Thomas, Low Stead 
Sample Wm. Hall Farm 
Weatherburn Thomas, Snab- 

leazes 

WilHam Dennis 



Joiners 

Marshall Thomas 
Murray Thomas 

Shopkeepers 

Sheel George 

Sheel George, and gardener 

Tailors 

Pigg George 
Purvis John 
Robinson John J. 

Taverns 
Blue Bell, Robert MuiTay 
Blacksmiths' Arms. H. Bell 
Forster Jane, beerhouse 

stationmaster 



i 



V - 



OOQUETDALE WARD. 



CoQUETDALE Waed is divided into four divisions, East, West, North, and 
South, and comprises two market towns Ahiwick and Rothbury, twelve parishes, 
two parochial chapelries, and three extra- parochial places, besides six town- 
ships belonging to Warkworth parish, which is chiefly situated in Morpeth 
Ward. This large division of the county is bounded on the north by Bam- 
brough and Glendale Wards, on the west by Scotland, on the south by 
Morpeth and Tindale Wards, and on the east by the German Ocean. Its 
form is an irregular oval ; its greatest length, from east to west, being thirty- 
six miles, whilst its extreme breadth from north to south, is about twenty 
miles, and its total area is 286,762 statute acres. The number of its inhabi- 
tants in 1801, was 17,122; in 1841, 20,997; and in 1851, 21,717 souls. 
The soil and aspect of this district vary greatly, from lofty and sterile wastes 
to valleys of great fertility. In the eastern part of the ward the surface slopes 
gently to the sea, and the soil produces abundant crops. There are also 
some excellent seams of coal and beds of freestone. Splendid meadows are 
found in the vale of Whittingham, while the most unproductive land in the 
county is found upon Rimside Moor. A light dry loam prevails in the vicinitj^ 
of Rothbury, a cold wet loam is found on the banks of the Reed, and the 
north-western part of the ward is a mountainous region, furnishing pasturage 
to flocks of sheep, which are very numerous in the neighbourhood. The 
ward is well watered by the rivers Coquet, Reed, Aln, Breamish, and Till, 
and by many smaller streams. The following table exhibits the names of the 
parishes, their acreage, number of houses, and population in 1851: — 



PARISHES, &c. 


Acres. 


Houses. 


POPULATION. 


Males. 

138 

3,421 

428 

118 

382 

957 

785 

796 

269 

225 

314 

101 

36 

8 

1,266 

642 

907 


Females. 


Total. 

291 

7,319 

853 

225 

742 

2,000 

1,643 

1,574 

549 

436 

641 

198 

61 

13 

2,545 

1,298 

1,905 


AlnhaiTi 


12,389 
16,250 
31,940 

3,378 
12,348 
23,361 
74,917 
12,830 

4,962 
19,900 

9,670 
11,304 

V,cIo 

34,798 
7,704 

17,484 


47 

1,095 

174 

47 
140 
343 
303 
325 
135 

89 
101 

30 

9 

1 

516 

256 

357 


153 

3,898 

425 

107 

368 

1,043 

858 

778 

280 

211 

327 

94 

25 

5 

1,279 

656 

998 


Alnwick 


Alwinton 




Ediin"liaiii < . . 


Eglingham 


Elsdon 


Feltou 


FramliDgton (Long) 

Holystone 


Ilderton 


Ingram 


Kidland 


Ramsliope 


Rothbury 


Shilbottle 


Whittingham 





£11 18 


9 


2 8 





1 10 





1 4 





2 






588 COQUETDALE WAED— EAST DIVISION. 

CHARITIES OF COQUETDALE WARD. 

Date Donors and nature of gifts. To what places & purposes applied. Annual value, 

Alnwick Market Tolls (& rent charge) Alnwick Grammar School 

1C69. Hugh Potter (rent charge) Alnwick parish — poor 

1701-2, Thomas Clennell (interest) Alwinton parish — poor 

1703. Martin Hall (rent charge) Elsdon parish — poor 

1704. Margaret Hindmarsh (interest) .... Eglingham parish — poor .... 
1710. George Fletcher (rent charge) .... Master of Eothbury Grammar 

School 6 

1719. Eev. John Tomlinson (rents) Apprenticing and sending poor 

scholars to the University, re- 
lief of poor householders, & 
GrammarSchool of Eothbury 249 

1721. William Potts (rent charge) Alwinton parish — education . . 1 

1726. Ann Tate (interest) Long Framlington School. ... 12 

1728, Joseph Bilton (interest) Brinkburn Chapelry — poor 

housekeepers 

1731. Benjamin Barton (interest) Aln^^ick parish — poor and edu- 
cation 5 

1738. J, Selby (interest) Alwinton parish — poor 1 

1746. John Hedley (interest) Elsdon pai'ish — ^poor 

1751. HeniTT Strother (interest) ........ Vicar or education in Shilbottle 

parish 12 10 

1751. Henry Strother (interest) School in township of Newton & 

education in Shilbottle .... 5 
1759. Thomas Heron (pew rents) Eelton parish — poor not re- 
ceiving parish relief 5 

1765. F. Strother (interest) Shilbottlepaiish-poorone moiety, 

the other to Newton School 5 

1770. F. Strother (interest) Newton School 4 

1779. WiUiam Hall (dividends) Caistron School 4 12 

1806. William Dixon (interest).., Harbottle School 18 

1807. Mary Taylor (dividends) Alnwick parish — poor 4 7 10 

Eobert HazeMg (rent charge) .... Feltou parish — poor 5 

1814. — Neale (rent charge) Alnwick township — poor 10 

1826. Ann Tate (interest) Long Framlington School .12 4: 9 

1827. Matthew Hedley (rent charge) .... Poor of Whittingham on Christ- 

mas day 6 10 



8 





10 





4 


9 


10 

















7 


6 



Total £387 12 1 



COQUETDALE WARD— EAST DIVISION. 



ALNWICK PARISH, 

Alnwick parish is situated partly in tlie eastern division of Coquetdale 
Ward, and partly in the southern division of Bambrough Ward. It is boun- 
ded on the north and west by the parishes of Eglingham and Edlingham, 
on the south and east by Lesbury and Shilbottle parishes, and comprises 
the tOT^-iiships of Alnwick, Alnwick South fSide, Abbey Lands, Cauongate, 



ALKWICK PAEISH. &89 

Dem\'ick, and Hiilne Park, whose united area is 16,250 acres. The popula- 
tion in 1801, was 4,719 ; in 1811, 5,426; in 1821, 5,926 ; in 1831, 6,788 ; 
in 1841, 6,626 ; and in 1851, 7,319 souls. The soil varies very much, a 
great part of it being moorland, a considerable portion, however, consists of 
highly ornamented pleasure grounds. The mineral productions of the parish 
are coal, freestone, limestone, whinstone, and marble. We are indebted to 
George Tate, Esq., F.G.S., for the following article on the geology of this 
palish. 

Geology. — The mountains of Scotland are known to be much older than 
the Alps, and the whole island has probably a much less elevation now than 
belonged to its early age. Many of the rivers on the east coast of England, 
such as the iUn, the Coquet, the Tyne, the Wear, and others, have no flat 
alluvial estuary, but flow betwdxt steep and abrupt banks down to the ocean. 
They are hke fragmental or upper branches of large rivers. The east coast 
is a wasting shore generally, and the action of the sea, with a long and con- 
tinued subsidence of the land, may have gradually wasted and submerged a 
large area of the country which existed previous to any written records of 
history, and far beyond the reach of tradition. The ruins of a submerged 
forest have recently been washed bare by the waves on the shore, near to 
Howick, and traces of this character exist on many other portions of the 
shores of England; betwixt the Mersey and the Dee, on the west, such 
remains are found. At Alemouth, properly Alnemouth, in the parish of 
Lesbuiy, the old burial ground has been washed away by the sea ; and with 
boues of men are found those of horses, supposed to have been slaughtered in 
border skirmishes. 

The relative positions of the boulder formation, the carboniferous limestone, 
and the basaltic dikes or outbursts, are exemplified in a most interesting 
manner at Eatcheugh, about three miles from Alnwick. The basalt may 
there be seen interstratified with the limestone, having broken through the 
lower sedimentary beds : in one part it is intercalated betwixt them ; in 
another part it covers them. The metamorphic action of the basalt is very 
marked ; the limestone beds in contact with it have been changed into crystal- 
line marble, and the shell into porcellanous jasper. At Hawkhill, the estate 
of Earl Grey, a portion of the under-beds of the carboniferous limestone has 
recently been bared, for the purpose of obtaining the rock : the surface is 
found to be polished and scored with parallel groves, running north and south, 
exactly resembling the polished and striated surfaces observed in Switzerland, 
on the flats and bottoms of the valleys occupied by glaciers. Volcanic rocks 
of basalt, greenstone, trachyte, porphyry, &c., are found in all parts of the 
earth's crust. They have ruptured every formation ; and, where in contact, 
they have changed the character of all kinds of rocks. Chalk has been con- 
verted into granular marble, and coal into coke. They may be seen in narrow 
dikes, leagues in length, and sometimes in huge shapeless masses. The dikes 
have penetrated the divided strata from unknown depths, evidently in a fluid 
or semi-fluid state, as thin horizontal sheets are found intercalated between 
the regular beds, or overlying them ; and in the vicinity of the larger masses 



59Gt COQUETDALE WARD—- EAST DIVISION. 

the rocks are broken, contorted, and thrown back into confusion. The county 
of Northumberland is traversed by several large dikes, and numerous smaller 
ones. These trappan rocks are by geologists considered to have had their 
origin in active volcanoes. 

The polished surfaces and striated markings are also common over vast 
areas of the earth's surface, as are also blocks of stone, termed " erratic" 
some of which are a few inches, others several yards in diameter. They are 
strewed by thousands over Great Britain, and by myriads over the sandy 
countries of the north of Germany, in the valleys of Sweden, Denmark, 
Finland, Russia, and North America. Many of them have one side flat, 
polished, and grooved in the same manner as the surface of the rocks form- 
ing the regular strata. Icebergs, holding these stones imbedded, and being 
driven by the ocean-currents and wind over shoals where their surfaces 
would be rubbed and ground against the strata, would produce the appearances 
seen ; and glaciers are known to carry along with them fragments of rock of 
all sizes, which are rubbed and ground as the whole mass of ice descends. 
The geological phenomena observed near Alnwick are common to many 
countries on either side the intermediate equatorial and warmer regions — 
over vast areas of the globe. They speak of a cold climate, and of change. 

The town of Alnwick stands on the south bank of the Aln, at a considerable 
elevation above the bed of the river, on the boulder formation, or " northern 
drift," which in several parts of the county overlies the carboniferous forma- 
tion. The northern drift consists of many beds of sand, gravel, erratic 
boulders, and clay, irregularly interstratified with each other ; it is of variable 
thickness. The following section, taken when water was bored for on the 
north-west outskirts of the town, will show the general character and suc- 
cession of the formation : — 

Ft. In. 

Gravel 7 

Shai-p sand 3 6 

Gravel 3 6 

Gravel and erratic boulders 4 

Tough red clay in wliieh boulders are generally imbedded .... 5 
Sharp sand with water 9 

Below these were beds belonging to the carboniferous series, 
viz: — 

Grey clay or shale 23 6 

Slaty sandstone 13 

Grey metal 6 

Sandstones and shale 17 

Totaldepth 86 

On the south-west part of the to^vn the subsoil is very damp, being sand, 
saturated with water, resting on clay. Some of the buildings in this district, 
as for example the Scientific Institute, stand on piles driven into the sand. 
The river Aln, in portions of its upper channel, flows over sandstone beds ; 
but opposite to the town, and for the most part of its course onward to the sea, 



I 



ALN^YICK PARISH, 591 

it runs througii portions of tlie northern drift, and passes over a sandy mud, 
and in some parts a gravelly channel. The mountain-limestone formation 
extends over the parish and neighbourhood of Alnwick ; it consists of lime- 
stones, calcareous shales, sandstones, coal, and carbonaceous shales, with 
ironstone nodules interstratified. The limestone and calcareous shales contain 
remains of corals, crinoids, mollusks, and fish, characteristic of the lower 
beds of the mountain limestone, 

The sandstones and carbonaceous shales yield remains of plants identical 
v\dth those found in the Newcastle coalfield, such as Stigmaria ficoides, and some 
species of calamites, lepidodendron, and sigillaria. The Northumberland 
mountain-limestone is of the same age, and presents similar characteristics, 
as that which is found in Fifeshire. This formation also extends over a wide 
area in Russia. The limestones worked in this parish produce lime of the 
best quality, and excellent sandstones for building purposes are abundant and 
accessible. The coal obtained in the neighbourhood is not well adapted for 
domestic use. The inclination of the mountain limestone strata in the county 
is varied, the angle depending chiefly on their relation to the porphyry of the 
Cheviot, from which they generally dip, yet modified, especially in the 
eastern part of the county, by basaltic dikes and outbursts, in the neigh- 
bourhood of which the beds are broken and contorted. Basaltic rocks over- 
lying portions of the strata are found to the south-west of Alnwick. The 
rocks in Alnwick parish generally dip south-east. 

Proceeding from the sea coast, in a line north-west, the strata rise towards 
Alnwick, and the relation of the beds in Alnwick parish to the contiguous 
formations may be distinctly seen. At Radcliff the coal measures, which are 
a continuation of the Newcastle coalfield, will be passed over. At Warkworth 
the millstone-grit will be found rising from beneath the coalfield. At Newton- 
en-the-Moor and Shilbottle, where one of the best seams of coal in the country 
is worked, the uppermost beds of the mountain-limestone rise up from below 
the millstone grit, and from beneath these again the Alnwick Moor lime- 
stones crop out. The chief beds of limestone in Alnwick parish appear in 
the elevated grounds at Hobberlaw and Alnwick Moor ; but the hills to the 
north of Alnwick, and the highest hills on the moor, which are 800 feet above 
sea-level, are formed of masses of gritty sandstone. On the shore near 
Howick the limestone beds may be seen bent in curved lines, and the 
characteristic fossils of the formation may be obtained in abundance. On the 
declivity of the highest hills in Alnwick Moor, there are several springs of 
water, w^hich, coming out of the sand-stone rocks, are remarkably bright. 
Along the acclivity of the hill ranging from Clayport Bank to Rugley, are 
several powerful springs, probably containing some portion of carbonate of 
lime, as the limestone beds are near to them. Some other springs in the 
neighbourhood of Alnwick are strongly impregnated with iron. 

BOROUGH OF ALNWICK. 

Alnwick, the county toWn of Northumberland, is situated on a declivity 
near the banks of the Aln, about thirty- three miles north by west of Newcastle, 



592 COQUETDALE WAKD— EAST DIVISIOK. 

and 306 nortli b}^ west of London. The population in 1831 amounted to 
6,231 souls, of which 2,882 were males, and 3,348 females. The town is 
well built, the houses are modern, and in general coustructed of freestone, 
many of them are of considerable elegance. Four bridges cross the Aln in 
the neighbourhood of the town, one of which, situated at the northern ex- 
tremity, is a fine stone structure of three arches. The streets are well paved, 
spacious, and lighted with gas. Alnwick had formerly four gates, defended 
by massive towers, of which Bondgate is the only one remaining, and is at 
present used as a prison. There is a spacious Market Place and Town Hall, 
in which the courts for the county are held, and the members of parhament 
for the northern division of the county are elected. The most important 
buildirjg is the Castle, to which we shall devote a separate article. 

History is silent v/ith regard to the foundation and rise of the town of 
Alnwick, though it is the opinion of antiquarians that it owes its origin to 
the Romans, but it is certain that it was inhabited during the Saxon period 
of our history, and that Gilbert Tysou, one of the most powerful of the North- 
umbrian chiefs, was the proprietor of the castle at the time of the Korman 
Conquest. Few remains of antiquity are found in the neighbourhood, 
and hence it has been inferred, that the various armies, which at different 
periods invaded the country, did not remain in this place for any length of 
time. In the reign of Rufus, the town was besieged by Malcolm III. of Scot- 
land, who was killed along with his son before its walls. It was captured by 
David of Scotland in the year 1135, but was restored to the English crown 
by treaty in the following year. Alnwick appears to have been very inaus- 
picious to the Scottish kings, for William the Lion was taken prisoner here, 
while besieging the castle in 1174. It is related that William, attended by 
sixty followers, wa% engaged in tilting at a short distance to the west of the 
Castle, wdien he was suddenly attacked by a party of horsemen, who had ad- 
vanced from Newcastle to the relief of the place. At their first appearance, 
he mistook them for a party of his own men, but on seeing their banner, he 
struck his shield with his lance, and rode forward to encounter them, exclaim- 
ing, " Now let us prove wdio is the truest knight." His horse was killed at 
the first shock, and he himself thrown to the ground and made prisoner. 
About a quarter of a mile from the Castle, to the left of the road going to 
Hulne Park, there is a stone set up near the spot where tradition says the 
king was ca^ptured. The Scottish monarch was subsequently ransomed for 
the sum of £100,000. Alexander, the son of William the Lion, came to 
Alnwick in 1210, to render homage to king John, and five years afterwards 
the barons of the north had resource to the same Alexander for protection 
against the tyranny of the English monarch, and in order to obtain it did 
homage to Alexander at Felton. This proceeding so incensed John, that he 
marched northward in the depth of winter, and caused Alnwick and several 
other towns to be laid in ashes. It was again destroyed by fire in the year 
1448, by the Scots under the command of James Douglas, Lord of Balven3^ 
In the reign of Edward IV., the English army commanded by the Dukes of 
Albany and Gloucester, was marshalled at Alnwick, previous to an invasion 



BOKOUGH OF AL"N^YICK. 593 

of Scotland ; and in the reign of Henry VIII., 1543, a few days previous to 
the memorable battle of Flodden, wherein James IV. of Scotland lost his life, 
an army of 26,000 men was detained at Alnwick for some time, in conse- 
quence of the heavy rains which rendered the roads impassable. 

The renowned house of Percy, which may number among its ensigns those 
of the royal hues of England and Scotland, of Normandy and Brittany, of 
France, Castile, and Leon, had its origin in Denmark, being descended from 
Mainfred, a Danish noble, who united with Kollo in the subjugation of 
Normandy, in 912, and adopted the name of De Percy from his acquired 
possessions in that province. Sixth in descent from him was William de 
Percy, who came over with the Conqueror and married Emma, daughter of 
Cospatric, the Saxon Earl of Northumberland, whose estates had been seized 
and conferred upon the Percy, for the war their owner levied against the 
Normans. Sir Henry Percy, the renowned "Hotspur," was eldest son of 
Henry, fourth Baron of Alnwick, and first Earl of Northumberland, and w-as 
father of the second earl. The sixth earl w^as persecuted by Henry VIII. for 
his early attachment to Anne Boleyn, and died without issue, when the honours 
were conferred upon his nephew, Thomas, by Queen Mary. This Thomas, 
Earl of Northumberland, was one of the Wardens General of the Marches, 
and defeated the Scotch in two engagements, near Cheviot and Swinton, in 
1557, and the following year. He was one of the lords who protested against 
the validity of Anglican ordinations, and in concert with the Earl of West- 
moreland, headed an insurrection in the north wliich had for its object the 
restoration of the old religion. The undertaking, however, failed, and the 
Earl of Northumberland was beheaded at York. He was succeeded by his 
brother Henry, who had remained^ during the insurrection, a firm adherent 
of Elizabeth. He was summoned to the parliament held in 1576, by the title of 
Earl of Northumberland and Baron Percy, but being suspected of plotting to place 
Mary, Queen of Scots, upon the English throne, he was committed to the 
Tower, where he was found dead in his bed,_on the 21st June, 1585. Henry, 
his eldest son, the ninth Earl, succeeded him, and was one of those volunteer 
lords w'ho hired vessels to accompany Charles Howard, Lord High Admiral of 
England, against the Spanish Armada, but, on a bare suspicion of being im- 
plicated in the Gimpowder Plot, he w^as severely fined and imprisoned. He 
was afterwards arraigned before the Star Chamber, by whose sentence he was 
fined three hundred thousand pounds, rendered incapable of holding office, 
and sentenced to perpetual imprisonment. In the Tower he devoted himself 
to literary and scientific pursuits, pensioned several learned men, and 
was accustomed to have so many mathematicians and scientific men at his 
table, that he was sm'named " Henry the Wizard." His liberal patronage of 
science has won for him a ^prouder title, that of the Moecenas of his age. 
Having paid the enormous fine imposed upon him, he regained his liberty in 
1621, and died at his seat at Petworth, in 1632, leaving six children, the two 
eldest of whom dying without issue, he was succeeded by his third son, Algernon, 
who became the tenth Earl of Northumberland. This Algernon was about 
thirty years of age when the titles and estates of his ancestors devolved upon 

2 



594 C0QI3ETDALE WARD— EAST DIYISTON. 

liim. He acted under several commissions from the parliament, dm*ing the 
civil wars, and made every effort to save the life of the king. He subsequently 
took an active part in the restoration of Charles II, and dying at Petworth, in 
1668, was succeeded by his only son Josceliue, who was afterwards Lord 
Lieutenant of the Counties of Northumberland and Sussex. He died in 
1670, leaving an only child, the Lady Elizabeth Percy, heiress, with his large 
possessions, to the baronies only, the other honours becoming extinct. She 
married, thirdly, (having been twice a widow and thrice a wife before she 
was sixteen years of age), Charles Seymour, Duke of Somerset, who assumed 
her name, and their son, Algernon Seymour, Earl of Hertford and Egremont, 
and eighth Duke of Somerset, succeeded his father as Baron Percy, and was 
created Earl of Northumberland, with remainder to the husband of his only child, 
the Lady Elizabeth, who married Sir Hugh Smithson, Bart., of Stamoick, in the 
County of York. This lady succeeded as Baroness Percy, and Sir Hugh as 
Earl of Northumberland, and Baron Warkworth. He assumed the name of 
Percy, and was created Baron Louvaine, of Alnwick, Earl Percy, and Duke 
of Northumberland, which dignities he enjoyed till his death, in 1786, when 
they were inherited by his eldest son, who dying in 1817, in the 76th year of 
his age, was succeeded by his eldest son, Hugh Percy, third Duke of 
Northumberland, upon whose demise, in 1847, the estates and honours of 
this ancient house were inherited by his brother, Algernon Percy, the present 
Duke of Northumberland, Earl of Northumberland, Earl Percy, Baron Percy, 
Baron Lucy, Baron Fitzpayne, Pojmings, Bryan, Latimer, Y/arkworth, and 
Prudhoe. His grace is a Knight of the Garter, and was First Lord of the 
Admiralty in the Earl of Derby's Cabinet. The Duke is also a retired rear- 
admiral in the royal navy, constable of Launceston Castle, president of the 
Ptoyal Institution, a privy councillor, D.C.L., and F.R.S. 

Alnwick Castle, one of the principal seats of the noble family of Percy, 
is situated on the south S!de of the River Aln, on an elevation which gives 
great dignity to its appearance, and in ancient times rendered it almost an im- 
pregnable fortress. It is behoved to have been founded in the time of the 
Piomans, although no part of the original structure is now remaining. The 
zig-zag fret-work round the arch that leads into the inner court, is evidently 
of Saxon architecture, and yet it is suggested by Grose that this was probably 
not the most ancient entrance, for under the flag tower, before that part 
of the castle was rebuilt, was the appearance of a gateway, that had been 
walled up, directly fronting the present exterior gate-house towards the town. 
This castle appears to have been a place of great strength immediately after the 
Conquest, but from length of time and the various shocks which it had sustained 
in ancient times, it had become almost a ruin, when by the death of Algernon, 
Duke of Northumberland, it devolved, as has been seen, together with all the 
estates of this great barony, to the family of its present illustrious possessors, 
" who immediately," says Grose, " set to repair the same, and with the most 
consummate taste and judgment, restored and embellished it as much as 
possible, in the true Gothic style ; so that it may deservedly be considered as 
one of the noblest and most magnificent models of a great baronial castle." 



BOEOUGH OF ALNWICK, 695 

Alnwick castle contains about five acres within its walls, which are flanked 
with sixteen towers and turrets, affording a complete set of offices suitable 
to its magnitude and dignity. Like other ancient fortresses in the 
north, that of Alnwick has large stone figures of armed men, placed at 
regular intervals on the parapet of the battlements. " Nothing can be 
more striking than the effect at first entrance within its walls, from the 
town, when through a dark gloomy gateway of considerable length and depth, 
the eye suddenly emerges into one of the most splendid scenes that can be 
imagined, and is presented at once with the great body of the inner castle, 
surrounded with fair semicircular towers, finely swelling to the eye, and gaily 
adorned with pinnacles, figm'es, battlements, &c. The impression is still 
further heightened by the successive entrance into the second and third courts 
through great massy towers, till the stranger reaches, the inner court, in 
the very centre of this splendid pile." From this court the entrance to 
the castle is by a staircase of singular form, the roof of which is ornamented 
with a series of one hundred and twenty shields of arms, as borne by the 
different alliances of the Percy family. The first room, forty-two feet in length 
by eighty-nine in breadth, is hung with portraits of the successive Earls of 
Northumberland. The drawing-room is forty-seven feet long by thirty-six 
broad, and contains a splendid oriel window. The dining-room is fifty-four 
feet long, twenty-one feet wide, and twenty-seven feet high. The chapel 
fills all the space of the middle v^^ard, and its architectural features are derived 
from ancient and approved models ; its great east v/indow is copied from 
one of the finest in York Minster, the groining of the roof from that of King's 
College Chapel Cambridge, and the walls are said to be painted in the manner 
of the celebrated cathedral of Milan, and present the genealogical table of 
the house of Northumberlanch The library is a very fine room suitably 
furnished and elegantly ornamented. In the upper apartment of the Con- 
stable's Tower there are 1,500 stand of arms, which are arranged in beautiful 
order, and were used by the Percy tenantry, during the time that England 
vfas menaced with a French invasion. 

Alnwick Abbet, — This was formerly an abbey of Premonstratensian 
Canons, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin and St. James. It was founded 
in the year 1147, by Eustace Fitz John, who, by his marriage with Beatrice, 
the daughter and heiress of Ivo de Vesci became Lord of the barony of Aln- 
wick. From the charter of foundation addressed to William de Sancta 
Barbara, Bishop of Durham, it appears that the above named Eustace Fitz 
John amply endowed it out of his baronial possessions, annexing to it the 
village of Hincliff, with its demesnes, wastes, and the service of half the 
tenants ; two parts of the tithes of the lordships of Tuggall, Aluham, Hey- 
send, and Chatton ; one moiety of the tithes and two bovates of land at 
Gyson, the church of Haugh, the lands of Ridley and Morewick Haugh, 
together with the hberty of erecting a corn mill on the river Coquet, and 
of raising as much corn on the wastes there, as the convent could plough, 
with the liberty to grind at the '*^)?i»(^er's milU mulcturefree.'' He also 
granted the canons, for their table, a tithe of all the venison and pork killed 



596 COQUETDALE WARD — EAST DIVISION. 

in his parks and forests, and of all fish taken in his fishery by his order, and 
a salt work at Warkworth. In addition to the extensive endowments just 
mentioned, William de Vesci, the son of Eustace, " for the health of his 
soul and that of his father Eustace and his mother Beatrice, and of his an- 
cestors," granted three charters, by which he gave to God and the church 
of the Holy Mary of Alnwick, and to the canons of the Premonstratensian 
order there serving God, the church of "Chatton with every thing pertaining 
thereunto, the church of Chillingham, and the church of Alnham in free and 
perpetual alms. The canons also held the advowsons and appropriations of 
St. Dunstan's, in Fleet-street, London, and of Sakenfield, in Yorkshire; also 
lands at Chatton and Falloden, and four tenements and a garden in New- 
castle-upon-Tyne. From the chronicles of this abbey, which are preserved in 
the library of King's College, Cambridge, it appears that several of the Percies 
were interred here. The abbots of this house were summoned to the several 
parhaments held during the reigns of Edward I. and Edward II. At the 
DissolutioD, the annual revenues of this abbey were estimated at £189 15s. Od. 
by Dugdale, and £191 7s. Od. by Speed, there being then thirteen canons. 
The site was granted, in the fourth year of the reign of Edward VI. to Ralph 
Sadler, and Lawrence Winnington, but it was afterwards sold, with its 
demesnes, to Sir Francis Brandling, Knt., and came subsequently into the 
230ssession of the Doubleday family, from whom it passed to the Hewitsons 
w^ho sold the portion containing the abbey to the Duke of Northumber- 
land. Of the abbej^ buildings, the gateway tower alone remains, which, from 
the style of its architecture, and the armorial bearings with which it is adorned, 
appears to be of more modern date than the foundation of the house. The 
tower is of an oblong form, and possesses on each corner, an exploratory 
turret, while other portions of the building, which are in excellent preserva- 
tion, show that it has been built as a defence to the conventual structure 
Avhich it adjoined. 

CHURCHES, CHAPELS, PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS, &c. 

The Paeish Chuech of Alnwick is dedicated to the Blessed Virgin and 
St. Michael the Archangel. It is an ancient structure, situated to the north- 
west of the town, at the end etf Bailiffgate. The date of its erection cannot 
be ascertained, though from the architecture of the arches, and from the arms 
of the Vesci family being on different parts, and the ai'ms of Percy on one 
of the caps of the pillars, it is supposed to have been built about the year 
1300. It contains few monuments of any importance. On reiDairiug the 
north aisle in 1816, two statues were found, one of them represents a person 
with his hands and feet bound, and his body transfixed with arrows ; this is 
supposed to be a statue of St. Sebastian. The other is apparently the figure 
of a king, having a crown on his head, a ball and sceptre in his hands, and 
a purse at his girdle. It is not known what personage this is intended to 
represent. In the chancel is the recumbent figure of a female, who ap pears 
to have belonged to some religious order. The surcoat, helmet and- 



BOROUGH OF ALKWTCK. 597 

with the faneml achievements, of the Dukes of Northumberland hang against 
the waU. This church has been frequently repaired, but much of its original 
character still remains. There was formerl}^ a cbantry in this church, dedi- 
cated to our Lady, which was founded by Henr}^ Earl of Northumberland, in 
the reign of Henry VI. Its revenues were augmented, from time to time, 
by grants from pious individuals, and seems to have risen rapidly, as it only 
existed for 100 years. At the Dissolution it possessed forty-four burgages 
in various parts of the town of Alnwick, containing in all eleven acres. 
As the forty-four burgages only produced a rental of £12 13s. 4d. in 1547, 
they must have been chiefly small cottages, and small properties, wdiich, after 
the suppression of the religious houses, were granted to several individuals. 
The living is a perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and 
deanery of Alnwick, rated in the Liber Regis at £15 ; and in the parliamen- 
tary returns at £106. The endowments are £800 private benefactions, £200 
royal bounty, and £2,100 parliamentary grant; gross income, £175. Patron, 
the Duke of Northumberland. Incumbent, the Rev. Couit Granville, M.A. ; 
curate, Rev. Hemy Miles, B.A. 

St. Paul's Chukch, situated in the Green Bat, is a neat structure in the 
early Enghsh style of architecture, erected in 1847. Rev. Charles Charlton, 
M.A., incumbent. 

St. Mary's Catholic Church is situated in Baiiiffgate. It is a neat edifice, 
and has long been served by priests of the Society of Jesus. Rev. Sidney 
Woollett, S.J., priest. 

Chapels. — The Bethel Chapel, in Chapel-street, belongs to the Methodist 
New Connexion, and has a small library attached to it. The Independent 
Chapel, situated in St. Michael's-lane, was erected in 1816, but the con- 
gregation has existed since 1731. The Presbyterian Meetinq House, in 
Pottergate, was rebuilt in 1780, by a congregation which had existed from 
a period anterior to the Revolution of 1688. Rev. John Walker, minister. 
The Unitarians have a small chapel in Correction House Yard, in which 
they have assembled since 1817. There is also the United Presbyterian 
Chapel, Cla3^port-street, the Rev. William Leamont, minister; the United 
Presbyterian Chapei,, Lisburn-street, Rev. William Donaldson, minister; 
and the Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, Old Chapel-lane, Rev. James 
Dunbar, minister. 

Schools. — The Borough Schools are situated in Dispensary-street, and 
were established for the education of the freemen's children of the borough. 
The Grammar School, wliich forms a portion of this establishment, is endowed 
principally from the corn-tolls, granted in 1649, by Algernon, Earl of 
Northumberla.ia. This income, which has considerably decreased of late 
years, is augmented by a voluntary gift from the corporation, and all sons of 
freemen who apply are taught classics free. The master is also allowed to 
take pay scholars. George Meaby, B.A., head master. St. Marys 
Catholic School is situated in Howdek-street, James Cronin and Rosetta 
Palmer, teachers. The British School is in Bondgate, John EUeathrope, 
teacher. Alnwick National Schools arc situated in Pottero-ate, Robert 



598 COQUETDALE WARD EA^T DIVISION. 

W. Irving and Margaret Irving, teachers. The Duke's School, in the 
Green Bat, was erected and founded for 200 poor bojs, by the Duke of 
Northumberland in 1810, and the Duchess' School in Canongate, was 
instituted by the Duchess of Northumberland, for clothing and educating 50 
poor gMs. Besides these there are several private and Sunday Schools, 
which are numerously attended. 

The Town Hall is situated on the west side of the Market-place in the 
centre of the town. It was erected in ]73], and contains a lai'ge hall with 
two rooms adjoming, and is used for holding the quarter sessions, the manor 
and county courts, and the meetings of the common council and the several 
companies of freemen. In this hall the members of parhament for the county 
are elected, and other pubhc business is transacted. 

The Correction House and Justices' Room is situated in the vicinity of 
the Market-place. It was erected in 1807, and contains workrooms, cells, and 
other necessary apartments, with two separate yards for the prisoners. There 
is a,lso a large room, in which the justices of the peace meet regularly once a 
fortnight to transact business. John Nichol, keeper, IsabeUa Nichol, matron. 

The Dispensary, established in 1816, is in Dispensary-street, and is 
under the managemeut of two physicians, two surgeons, and an apothecary, 
whose offices occupy the ground floor. The upper story contains two wards, 
one for each sex, and a fever-ward, with an apartment for the matron, and 
chambers for the nurses. Upwards of 400 patients receive medical and 
surgical assistance at this institution annually. Every subscriber of one 
guinea or upwards per annum, is cousidered a governor, with the privilege of 
voting in all the transactions of the charity, and may have one patient con- 
stantly on the books. Edward Smiles, house surgeon. 

The Gas YfoRKs are in Canongate, and were established in 1825, for 
the manufacture of oil-gas, but were converted into coal-gas works in 1830. 
The quantity of gas made in the year is estimated at 1,802,402 feet, for 
which the charge to the public is eight shillings per 1,000 cubic feet. On 
the first establishment of the company the price was twenty shilUngs per 
1,000 feet. 

The Post Office is situated in Fenkle-street. George Tate, Esq., F.G.S., 
postmaster. The Registrar's and Guardians' Offices are in the Market- 
place. A Savings' Bank was estabhshed here in 1816, and is situated in 
St. Michael's-lane. The Stamp Office is ii Baihffgate, Henry Alder, 
distributor. 

The Alnwick Scientifc and Mechanical Institution was established in 
1824, and, since that period, it has continued to receive that attention and 
support from the learned and wealthy, which it so justly merits. It possesses 
a good library, and the other conveniences of a successful institution. 
Patron, the Duke of Northumberland ; president. Earl Grey ; secretaries, 
George Tate, Esq., F.G.S., and Mr. Thomas Buddie. 

The Alnwick Poor Law Union comprehends seventy-one parishes and 
townships, embracing an area of 98,935 statute acres, and its population in 
1851 was 21,122 souls. The parishes and townships are, Abberwick, Abbey 



BOROUGH OF ALNWICK. ^ 599 

Lands, AckliDgton, Acklington Park, Acton and Old Felton, Alnmoiith, Aln- 
wick, Alnwick South Side, Amble, Bassington, Beanley, Bilton, Billing, 
Bolton, Boulmer and Seaton House, Broome Park, Brotherwick, Broxfield, 
Bruntou, Biiston High, Buston Low, Canongate, Charlton North, Charlton 
South, Craster, Cravvdey, Denwick, Ditchburn, Doxford, Dunston, Edlingham, 
Eglingham, Elyhaugh, Embleton, Fallodon, Felton, Glanton, Gloster Hill, 
Greens and Glantlees, Guyzance, Harehope, Hauxley, Hawkhill, Hazon and 
Hartlaw, Hedgeley, Homck, Hulne Park, Learchild, Lemmiugton, Lesburj, 
Little Houghton, Long Houghton, Morwick, Newton-by-the-Sea, Newton-on- 
the-Moor, Bennington, Rock, Shawdon, Shieldykea, Shilbottle, Shipley, Stam- 
ford, Sturton Grange, Swarland, Titlington, Togstone, Walkmill, Warkworth, 
Whittle, Wooden, and Woodhouse. 

The Union Workhouse is situated in Bondgate Without. The Board of 
Guardians meet on the second and last Saturday of each month, Wm. Dickson, 
Esq., chairman. Bev. Court Granville, chaplain ; John Davidson^ surgeon ; 
John Johnson, master; Ann Johuson, matron ; Henry and Elizabeth Masters, 
teachers ; and George Nicholson, porter. 

Brislee Tower occupies an elevated situation about two miles to the north- 
west of the castle, and commands a most extensive view of the surrounding 
country. The design of the tower is very elegant, and it is finished in the 
highest style of masonry. Above the entrance, on the first balcony is the 
following inscription:- — MDCCLXXXI. H. DVX. Northumbrie Fecit. 
A little above the balcony, under a medallion of the duke, is inscribed the 
follo^ving : — CiRcuMSPicE. Ego Omnia Ista Sum Dimensus; Mei Sunt 
Ordines, Mea Descriptio, Multa Etiam Istarum Arborum Mea Manu 
SUNT Satje. Which may be rendered. "Look around you. I have measured 
out all these things ; they are my orders, it is my planning, many of these 
trees have even been planted by my hand." 

A circular internal staircase leads to the summit, which is sixty-six feet 
high, and is surrounded with a balcony, and above all, a curious iron grate 
finishes this column whose total height is ninety feet. The uppermost 
balcony commands an extensive and varied prospect. To the west lies the 
fertile vale of Whittingham, to the north-west the hills of Cheviot, to the east 
are fine green vales, in the midst of which the town of Alnwick, overlooked 
by the castle, has a most picturesque appearance, and to the south the 
ruins of the ancient castle of Dunstanbrough, the towering remains of 
Warkw^orth Castle, and the high land in the county of Durham, terminate 
the prospect. 

The Percy Tenantry Column is situated on a beautiful knoll adjoining 
the road on the southern entrance to the town. Tt stands upon a base upwards 
of ninety feet in circumference, built with a species of rose coloured granite. 
This basement is ascended by steps in four divisions, separated by huge plinths, 
on which are placed colossal lions raised on bases of polished black marble. 
From this basement another elevation rises, which finishes with a gallery, 
having its angles Ornamented by Etruscan plasters, and the sides formed into 
square panels, that facing the east contains the following inscription : — To 



600 coquetdale "\yard east diyisio^^ 

Hugh, Duke of Northuimbeeland, K.G. This Column is Erected, 
Dedicated, and Inscribed, rt a Grateful and United Tenantry, 
Anno Domini MDCCCXYL 

In each of the four panels of the parapet of the galleiy is engraved the 
armorial motto of the Percy family : — Esperance en Dieu. Out of this 
gallery the column rises, resting on a squared plinth. The capital of the 
column forms a light Ycranda, secured by an elegant iron palisade, and from 
this veranda a circular pedestal arises, supporting a lion passant, the crest of 
the house of Percy. 

Borough of AlnyiHck. — Alnwick claims to be a borough by prescription. 
The archives do not contain any royal incorporating charter, but an estab- 
lished corporation is recognised by a charter of 42, Henry III. The officers 
of the corporation are four chamberlains, twenty-four common councilmen, 
and chamberlain's clerk. The coi-porate name is " The Chamberlain's Com- 
mon Council, and Freemen of the Borough of Alnwick^" They exercise no 
jurisdiction over the affairs of the town, but they are possessed of some pro- 
perty in land and houses, out of the income of which they support a school 
for their ovm children, and they maintain several pubhc pants, and two public 
clocks. The freemen originally consisted of several guilds, or companies, at 
present reduced to ten, viz. : — the cordwainers, the skinners and glovers, the 
merchants, the tanners, the weavers, the blacksmiths, the butchers, the joiners, 
the tailors, and the coopers. Each company is gOYcrned by an alderman, 
wardens, and stewards, who are appointed annually, and has peculiar bye-laws 
and orders for its own regulation. The freemen of Alnwick, on their 
admission to their rights on St. Marks day, have to pass through a pool on 
the moor, the water of which is purposely made filthy and muddy ; hidden 
stakes, pitfalls, and obstructions are also placed in the water, and thi'ough 
this foul pool, so prepared, laughed at, pelted, and hooted by his townsmen, 
each young freeman is required to pass before he can take up his freedom. 
After this agreeable bath he has to ride the bounds of the moor on horseback, 
over about tweke miles of most dangerous road, which is attempted at a 
racing pace for the honour of j)i'ecedence given to the person who accom- 
plishes the distance first, and, as some of the young men know litt]e of 
horsemanship, serious accidents have taken place. Tradition assigns this 
custom to a capricious mandate of King John, who had been befouled in the 
filth of Ayden Forest, when hunting. That which was imposed as a penance 
is now performed as an honour, but it is time that this memento of a weak- 
minded tyrant should be terminated, and that a more rational mode of taking 
up their freedom and preserving the boundaries of their property should be 
adopted by the freemen. The county magistrates hold a monthly court at 
Alnwick for the east division of Coquetdale ward. 

Charities. — Mark Forster, by his ^ill, bearing date 20th September, 
1726, left a rent charge of £15 per annum; £10 for the education of the 
children of poor freemen, and widows of freemen of the borough of Alnwick, 
and the remaining £5. to be chstributed amongst the poor of the town and 
parish of Alnwick. Hugh Potter, in 16G9, bequeathed £40 to the town of 



BOROUGH Of ALKWICK DIRECTORY. 



601 



Alnwick, the interest at the rate of six per cent., to be distributed to the poor 
on Good Friday. Benjamin Barton, by his will, dated 18th December, 1737, 
gave £100 to the minister of Alnwick, in trust, that the interest of £50 
should be distributed among the common poor of the said town, and the 
interest of the other £50 paid for the education of " unfreemen's" children 
of the said town. Mary Taylor, in 1807, gave to the churchwardens and 
overseers of the poor of the parish of Alnwick, £100, clear of all duty, upon 
trust, to place out the same and distribute the interest yearly at Christmas, 
among the poor persons residing in the said parish ; and Stanton Neale, by his 
will, proved at Durham, in 1814, gave to the curate and churchwardens of 
Alnwick, for the time being, an annuity of £10 to be distributed among the 
poor of the township of Alnwick on Christmas Day. 



BOEOIJGIH OE ALNWICK DIREOTOET. 



Post Office, Fenkle Street, George Tate, postmaster. Letters arrive here from the 
south at 9 a.m. and 6-15 p.m., and from the north at 4-30 and 10 p.m. They are des- 
patched to the south at 3-50 and 9-5 p.m., and to the north at 8-20 a.m. and 5-30 p.m. 
The hox closes fifteen minutes before each despatch, letters, however, may be sent by 
affixing an extra stamp, until five minutes before the departure of the mails. Local 
Posts are despatched at 9-15 a.m. Money Orders are attended to from 9 a.m to 6 p.m. 



Miscellany 

Comprising the names of those not arranged 
in the classification of trades and profes- 
sions. 
ALDER Henry, clerk, Bailifi'gate 
Ahen Edward, draper (Jas. Allen & Son) ; 

house, Bondgate-street 
Allen Miss Elizabeth, Percy-place 
Allen James, dog-tax collector, Grey-place 
Allen .James, draper (James Allen & Son) ; 

house, Greenbat 
Alhson Miss Mary, Allison-place 
Archbald James, clerk, Prudhoe-street 
Archer Joseph, clerk, Lisburn-street 
Armstrong George, builder (Armstrong & 
Hudspeth) ; house, Lisburn-street 

BAIRT) Wm. gentleman, Narrowgate-st 
Barnfeather Wm. architect, BailifFgate 
Bell Thomas Henry, relieving officer for the 

Alnwick district, Greenbat 
Bowmaker Mrs. Jane, Northumberland-st 

9 2 



Bowmaker James, gentleman, Bondgate 

Without 
Brown Miss Ann, Pottergate 
Brown Miss Fanny, Bondgate Without 
Brown George, lodge-keeper. Dairy Gardens 
Burnett Charles, land-agent, Bailiffgate 
Burrell Bryan, Esq. Broom Park 
Burrell Miss Harriett, Bondage Without 

CARR Mrs, Ann, Percy-place 

Carr Mrs. Jane, Bondgate Hall 

Carr Wm. John, solicitor (Spours & Carr) ; 

house, Bondgate-street 
Carse Wm. saddler (Forster & Carse) ; ho. 

Hope-terrace 
Catheside Mrs. Mary, Percy-place 
Charlton Rev. Charles, M.A. incumbent, 

Croft House 
Charlton John, cattle doctor, Greenbat 
Christian Knowledge Society's Depot, 

Bondgate Without 
Clarke thos. T. clerk, Pottergate-street 



60^ 



COQUETDALE WAED — EAST DIVISIOK. 



Clutterbuck the Misses Ann & Margaret, 

Allisen-place 
Crisp Mrs. Jane, Clayport-street 
Crisp Isaac, clerk. Hotspur-place 
Cummings Mrs. Mary, Grey's-place 
Cm-ry Miss Elizabeth, Bondgate-street 
Cuthbertson Mrs. Ann, Grey's-place 

DAYISON Jane,librarian, Alnwick library ; 

house, Bondgate-street 
Davison Kobert, spirit merchant, &c. (Mark 

Smith & Co.) ; house, Glive-terrace 
Dawson Mrs. Margaret, Clayport-street 
Dawson Thomas, clerk, Hope-terrace 
Dick Mrs. Mary, board and lodging-house, 

Greenbat 
Dickman Wm. ironmonger (Wilkin & Dick- 
man) ; house, Bondgate-street 
Dickson Wm. sen. solicitor, clerk to the 
justices, and clerk of the peace for the 
county of Northumberland (W. & W. 
Dickson) ; house, BailifFgate-street 
Dickson AYm. jun. solicitor (W. & W. Dick- 
son) ; house, Belvidere-terrace 
Dodds Mrs. Mary, Bondgate Without 
Donaldson Eev. David, Hope-terrace 
Donkin James, draper (Donkin & Co.) ; ho. 

1, Fenkle-street 
Dunbar Eev. James, (Methodist) Percy-pl 

EGDELL Mrs. Ann, Clive-terrace 
Embleton T. R. B. master mariner, Percy- 
place 
Etherington Robert, coach builder, (Ether- 
ington and Holmes) ; house, Bondgate 
Without 

EENWICK Miss Ann, Hope-terrace 
Eenley the Misses Margaret & Jane, Bond- 
gate Without 
Elintoff Mrs. Margaret, Grosvenor-teiTace 
Forster the Misses Hannah & J. BailiflPgate 
Forster John, saddler (Forster & Carse) ; 

house, Narrowgate-street 
Forster Miss Lucy, Bondgate Without 
Forster Mrs. Clive-terrace 
Foulger Francis, gamekeeper, Hulne 
Abbey 

GARDENER Robert, clerk, Fenkle-street 
Gibb Henry, bailiff, Bondgate Without 
Gill AVilliam, horse-breaker, Greenbat 
Gladstone Mr. John, Perc^^-street 
Golding Ehza, dairymaid, Dairy Gardens 
Graham Mary, cart proprietor, Bondgate- 
street 
Graham Wm, coal-agent, Bgndgate Without 



Granville Rev. Court, vicar, Northumber- 
land-street 

Greener Rev. Robert (Independent), Bond- 
gate Without 

Grey Mr. Robert, Lisbum-streel 

HALL George (Capt. R. N.), Clayport-st 
Hamilton Miss Agnes, Bondgate-street 
Hardy Miss Jane, Bondgate Withou"^ 
Hardy John James, coroner for the North- 
ern division of Northumberland, Grosve- 
nor-terrace 
Heatley Mr. James, Percy-place 
Hindmarsh Matthew, towncrier, Bondgate- 
street 
Hogg Mrs. Isabella, Clive-terraca 
Holland Francis, agent to the Duke of 

Northumberland, Abbey Cottage 
Holmes Joseph, eoachbuilder (Etherington 

and Holmes) ; ho. Bondgate Without 
Hopper Mrs. Jane, St. Michael's place 
Hudspeth Henry, builder, (Armstrong and 

Hudspeth) ; house, Prudhoe-street 
Humble Mrs. Isabella, Percy -place 
Hume Mr. Thomas, Lisbum-street 
Hunter Miss Ehzabeth, St. Michael's-pl 
Hutswick John, clerk, Clive-terrace 
Hutswick Jno, registrar of births & deaths, 

Clayport-street 
Hutton Mrs. Elizabeth, Northumberland-st 

JOHNSON Mrs. Mary, Depot for the Society 
for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge, 
Bondgate Without 

Johnson Wilham, secretary to the bank, 
Bondgate-street 

KEEN John, clerk, Narrowgate-street 
Kilgour Robert, agent, Hope-terrace 

LEAMONT Rev. Henry, Percy-street 
Little Mr. Ridley, Narrowgate-street 
Loraine John, draining steward, Bondgate- 
street 

MARSHALL Mr. John, Fenkle-street 
Marshall the Misses P. & H. South-street 
McCree Ann, lodging-house, St. Michael's- 

place 
McDougal George, clerk, Fenkle-street 
INJcDougal WilHam, clerk, Fenkle-street 
McLeish Alexander, wood baihff, Park 

Cottage 
Middlemas Robert, clerk, Hotspur-place 
Mofat Mrs. Thomason, ]3ondgate Without 
Moises Hugh Esq. J. P. Barndale House 
Muers Matthew, towncrier, Bondgate-st 



BOKOUGH OF ALNV^^CIv CLASSIFIED DIRECTOBY. 



603 



NEWTON Eev.C. (Wesleyan) Chapel-lane 
Nichol John, superintendent of police, and 
inspector of weights and measures, Cor- 
rection House 
Nicholson Mrs. E. Lisbum-street 

OLIVER Mrs. Geo* Eoxburgh-place 

PATTEESON Michael, draper (M. Patter- 
son & Nephew), Bondgate-street 
Patten John, farm baililf. Park Farm 
Percy Woodroffe P. clerk, Narrowgate-st 
Popkiss Mrs. Jane, Market-place 
Pillens Wm. gardener, Alnwick Castle 

Gardens 
Potts Mr. John, Clayport-street 
Pringle Miss Deboralj, Clive-terrace 
Priugle the Misses Isabella & JMargeret, 

Bondgate Without 
Purvis Henr3% grocer, tallow chandler, &g. 

(W\ & H. Purvis) ; ho. Bondgate-st 
Piu-vis William, grocer, tallow chandler, &c. 
(W. & H. Purvis) ; ho. Market-place 

EATSEN Ann, house-keeper, Alnwick 

Castle 
Eattray Mrs. Mary Ann, Bondgate Without 
Eeay Geo. A. pianoforte tuner, Percy-st 
Eichardson John, Esq. Bondgate-street 
Eiddell Charles, Esq. 1, Behidere-terrace 
Eidge Eev. Thos. (Methodist) South-st 
Eobinson Mrs. Margaret, Howick- street 

SCHOEIELD Albert, marine store dealer, 

Bondgate Without 
Selby George, Esq. J.P. Belle Yue 



Skelly Thomas, brewer, &c. (Skelly and 

Smith) ; ho. Freelands 
Smith James Burrell, landscape painter, 

Bondgate-street 
Smith Miss Mary, Hope-terrace 
Spours Mrs. Ann M. Bondgate Without 
Spours Wm. solicitor (Spours & Carr) ; ho. 

Charlton Hall 
Stamp Edward, master mariner, South-st 
Stamp Edward, Manager District bank, 35, 

Eenkle-street 

TAYLOE Hugh, agent, Bondgate-street 
Teasdale Mrs. Hannah, Percy -place 
Thew Edward, general merchant (Edward 

Thew & Son) ; ho. Shotridge Hall ; Jno. 

Pringle Turnbull, manager 
Thompson John, spirit merchant (Mark 

Smith & Co.) ; ho. Fell Cottage 
Thompson Mrs. Mary, Bondgate Witheut 
Turnbull Edward, grocer, &c. (Turnbull 

Brothers) ; ho. Bondgate 
Turnbull John Pringle, manager (Edward 

Thew & Son) ; ho Narrowgate 
Turnbull William, grocer, &c. (Turnbull 

Brothers) ; ho. Bondgate-street 
Turner George, parish clerk, Baihffgate 

WATSON John, land agent and surveyor, 

Bondgate Without 
Winscombe Mrs. Eliza Maria, Allison -place 
Wilkin Henry, P. ironmonger (Wilkin and 

Dickson) ; ho. Bondgate-street 
Wilson Miss Dorothy, BaUiffgate 

YOUNG Andrew, Esq., Hotspur-place 



CLASSIFICATION 

OF 

TEADES, PROFESSIONS, ETC 



Academies and Schools 

AlnwickIndusteialSchool, 
Lisbm-n-st. YN'"m. Dodds, 
master 

Borough Schools, Dispen- 
sary-street, Geo. Meaby, 
B.A. head master, Wm. 
Ferguson, second master, 
Jas. Dodds, third master, 
Miss F. Meraott, mistress 



BEiTisHScHooL,Bondgate-st. 

John Elleathrope, master 
Burn Wm. Hotspur-i^lace 
Campbell Mary, Lisburn-st 
Catholic School, Howick- 

street, Jas. Cronin, and 

Eosetta Palmer, teacher 
Duke ofNorthumeekland's, 

School, Greenbat, Thos. 

Collinson, master 



Duchess of Noethumbee- 
land's School, Dairy 
Gardens, Mary Wilson, 
mistress 

National School, Potter- 
gate, Eobt. W. Irving, and 
Margaret Irving, teachers 

Trotter George, Hotspur 
place 



604 



COQUETBALE WAED EAST DIVISION. 



Ale and Porter Merchants 

Athy Henry, Bondgate-street 
Smiih Mark & Son, Bond- 
gate-street 

Auctioneers, &e. 

Duncan Thos. Fenlile-street 

Hornsby Thomas, Denwick- 
lane Cottage 

Robertson Thomas, Narrow- 
gate-street 

Stamp John Ostens, & com- 
mission agent, Nan-ow- 
gate-street 

Bakers and Flour Dealers 
CaiT Elizabeth, Clayport-st 
Davison John, Clayport-st 
Dixon Thos. Bondgate-sti^eet 
Ferguson Eobt. Bondgate-st 
Graham Alex. Hotspur-st 
Herron John, Market-place 
Mattison John, Clayport-st 
Howliston Wm. Canongate 
Milne Wm. Narrowgate-st 
Eobinson Peter, Clayport-st 
Shield Eobt. Clayport-street 
Spittle Henry, Clayport-st 

Bankers 
Lambton ^Y. H. & Co. 39, 

Bondgate - street, Mark 

Smith, agent 
Koethu3ibeelandJjDueham 

District BAXK,36,Fenkle- 

street, Edward Stamp, 

manager. 

Booksellers, Printers, and 

Stationers 
Blair Henry H. Bondgate-st 
Davison, "Wm. Bondgate-st 
Pike Geo. Market-place 
Smith Mark, Bondgate-st 

Boot and Shoemakers 

Bell John, Paike-street 
Bell Wm. Clayport-street 
Bm-n & Son, Clayport-street 
Ferguson Wm. Gi'eenbat 
Fendler Jane, Bondgate-st 
Gibson Thos. Hotspur-street 
Hall Eobert, Canongate 
Hetherington Thomas, Clay- 
port-street 
Lee John, warehouse, Fen- 
kle-street 



Lockey John, IMarket-place ' 
McWilham James, Market-pl 
Nesbitt Eichardson, Paike-st 
Eickaby Thos. Clayport-street j 
Eogerson Geo. Dispensary-st 
Patterson Thos. Bondgate-st 
Pearson Thos. Bondgate-st 
Staig Abraham, Canongate 
Story Edward,ctclog, Fenkle- 

street; ho. iSIarrowgate 
Shepherd Ealph, Dispen- 
sary street 
Turner Geo. & parish clerk. 

Bailiff gate 
Wake Geo. Hotspur-street 
Wallace Geo. Narrowgate-st 

Brewers 

Jlarked ^' are also Malsters 
*Atkiuson Henry, Market-pl j 
*Black Wm. Howick-street; 

ho. Market-place 
Charlton Eobt. Roxburgh-pl 
*Cockburn George, Angel 

Brewery, FenMe - street ; 

ho. Hope -villa 
*Skelly & Smith, Dispensary 

street 

Builders 

Armstrong and Hudspeth, 

Percy-place 
Bell Eleanor, Lisburn-street 
Modree Wm, Bondgate-st 
Eichardson John, Bondgate 

Without 
Eoss John, Percy-street 

Butchers 

Blagburn James, shambles ; 

ho, Clayport-street 
Davison Andrew, Clayport- 
street and shambles 
Dickman George, shambles 

and Hotspur-street 
Dickman John, shambles ; 

ho. Chapel-lane 
Fittis Jas. Narrowgate-street 
Goodfellow Adam, shambles ; 

ho. Hotspur-place 
Hudson Geo, Paike-street 
Hudson Edward, shambles ; 

ho, Clayport-street 
Lilburn John, shambles ; ho. 

Clayport-street 
Mason John, shambles ; ho. 

Greenbat 
Patrick Adam, Narrowgate-st 



Morrison John, shambles ; 

ho. Greenbat 
Smart Jas. Pottergate -place 
Straughan Eobt. Clayport-st 
Straughan Eobt. shambles 

and Greenbat 
Thew John, shambles ; ho. 

Lisburn-street 
Todd John, shambles 

Cabinet Makers 

Marked * are Upholsterers 
Achey Joseph, Paike-street 

* Bundle Thos. F.Bailitfgate . 
Gaggin David, Bondgate-st | 

* EobertsonThomas,Xarrow- 

gate-street ! 

* StampJohnOstenSjNarrow- 
gate-street 

Thompson Andw. Fenkle-st 
Turner Thos, Market-place 

Cheesemongers, and Butter 

and Bacon Factors 
Horsley John, 2, Paike-street 
HorsleyJas. Clayport-street 
Walby Thos. Market-place 

Chemists and Bruggists 
Davison Wm, Bondgate-st 
Dores James, Bondgate-st 
Fairbraira Henry, Fenkle-st 
Hunter Henry, Clayport-st 
Swan Eobt. & Co. NaiTow- 

gate-street 

China, Glass, and Earthen- 
ware Dealers 

Amory Wm. Bondgate-street 
Cairns John, Bondgate-street 
Dawson John, Market-place 
Johnson John, Narrowgate-st 
Morrison Elizabeth, Bond- 
gate-street 

Coach and Harness Manu- 
facturers 
Etherington and Holmes, 

Bondgate Without 
Maule Wm. 2, Howick-street 

Confectioners 

Doughty Elizb. Bondgate-st 
Elliott Mary, NaiTowgate-st 
Embleton Isab. Paike-street 
Hanley Ann, Clayport-street 
Heron John, Market-place 
Milne Wm. Narrowgate-st 
Ponder Mary, Bondgate-st 



BOROUGH OF ALNWICK CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY, 



605 



Confectioners— Continued. 

Purvis Elizb. Bondgate-st 
Shai-p Jane, NaiTOwgate-st 
Wake Eleanor Fenkle-street 

Coopers 

Johnson Elizb. Clayport-st 
Watson Thomas, Clayport-st 

Com Merchants 

Dickson Archibald, and fish 

curer, Market-place 
Smith Wm.Bondgate Without 
Tate William, Lisburn-street 

Corn Millers 

Archibald Thomas, Alnwick 

Steam Mill 
Thew Edward, Lesbury Mill 

Curriers and Leather Sellers 

Bell William, Clayport-street 

Lockey George, Fenkle-st ; 
ho. Clayport-street 

Southren George, Clayport- 
street; ho. Hotspur-place 

Thew Joseph, Clayport-st 

Drapers, Linen and Woollen 

Allan James and Co., Nar- 
rowgate-street 

Allen James & Son, Market- 
place 

Bell David Patterson, Clay- 
port-street 

Bolton John, Market-place 

Cattanach and Gibson, Clay- 
port-street 

Dodds Mary,Bondgate-street 
and Paike-street 

Donkin Jas. & Co., Fenkle-st 

Hindhaugh Adam, Bondgate- 
street 

Landless James, Eenkle-st 

Patterson M. and Nephew, 
Bondgate-street 

Tate George,and silk mercer, 
Fenkle-street and Paike-st 

Turner Ellen, Fenkle-street ; 
ho. Howick-street 

Farmers 

Bradley John, and grazier. 
Paster House 



Dixon John, Windyedge 
Donald Geo. Stoney-hills 
Gair Jane, Hope House 
Henderson Kobert, Stoney- 
hills 
Patterson, Elizabeth, Intake 

Flour Dealers 

Archbold Thomas, Market-pl 
Lough Thomas, Fenkle-st 
Swanston Eichard, Greenbat 
Thew Edward & Son, Fenkle- 
street and Narrowgate-st 

Gardeners 

Crozier John, Market-place 
Dunn Kobert, Narrowgate-st 
Macfarlane John, Narrow- 
gate-street 
ManuTti Francis,Narrowgate- 

street 
Newton Mary, Market-place 
Newton John, Bondgate-st 
Pillens William, Bondgate 

Without 
Stevenson John, Bondgate-st 
Watson Henry, Market-place 

Grocers and Tea Dealers 

Ainsley Lauchlin, Narrow- 
gate-street 
Allen William, Bondgate-st 
Amour Piobert, Bondgate 

Without 
Archbold Thomas, Market-pl 
Bain John, Market-place 
Buckham John, Market-place 
Caisley Andrew, Pottergate 
Davison Ann, Clayport-street 
Fittes James M. Fenkle-st 
Hall Ealph, Fenkle-street 
Heatley James (wholesale), 

Market-place 
Hindaugh Adam, Bondgate- 
street 
Horsley John, 2, Paike-st 
Horsley James, Clayport-st 
Johnson Thomas, Narrow- 
gate-street 
Mattison John, Clayport-st 
Morton Ealph, Bondgate-st 
Nicholson Eobert, Bondgate- 
street ; ho. Hotspui'-street 
Pope Albert, S. Bondgate-st 
Purvis W. and H. Market- 
place 



EiddellJohn, Clayport-street 
Sanderson Henry, Narrow- 
gate-street 
Scott Luke, BaihfFgate 
Shield Eobert, Clayport-st 
Thew Edward and Son, Nar- 
rowgate-street and Fenkle- 
street 
TurnbullBrothers,Bondgate- 

street 
Walby Thomas, Market-pl 
Wallace John, Narrowgate-st 

Grocery and General Dealers 

Anderson Ann, Clayport-st 
Ainsley Thos. Canongate 
Bamber Eobert, Clayport-st 
Booth Benjamin, Pottergate 
Boyd Thomas, Clayport-st 
Bui-nett Hannah, Paike-st 
Eddington Joseph, Canon- 
gate 
Elliott Margaret, Clayport st 
Ferguson Henry, Clayport-st 
Fernant Jeremiah, Canongate 
Forrest Ann, Green Bat 
Gilhome William, Bondgate 

Without 
Gray Eobert, Green Bat 
Lairmouth Jane, Clayport-st 
Luke Ann, Pottergate 
Middlemas Jane, Fenkle-st 
Nesbitt John, Canongate 
Percy Margaret, Narrow- 
gate-street 
Porter Jane, Clayport-street 
Potts Eobert and oyster dlr. 

Paike-street 
Eiddell James, Bondgate-st 
Steel Joseph, Narrowgate-st 
Swanson Wilham, Green Bat 
Thompson Jas. Clayport-st 
Young Isabella, Clayport-st 

Gun Maker 

Snowdon George, Narrow- 
gate-street 

Hairdressers 

Hay John, NaiTowgate-st 
Hunter Eobt. and perfumer, 
Fenkle-street and Narrow- 
gate-street 
Marshall Jolin, Paike-street 
Scott Luke, Bondgate-street 
Scott Kobei-t, Clayport-stx-eet 



606 



COQt>ETD.\XE WAED — EAST DIVISION. 



INNS, HOTELS, AND PUBLIC HOUSES. 
See also Beerhouses. 



AncJior, Jolm Hagg, Claj'poi't-street 
Angel, Elizabeth Archbold, Fenkle-street 
Bio'd & Bush, Greo. Eogerson, Dispensary-st 
Black Bull, John Crinkley, Green Bat 
Black House, Dorothy Staig, Canongate 
Black Swan, John Hood, Narrowgate-street 
Brewer^s Arms, Ann Dunn, Clayport-st 
Castle, John Percy, NaiTowgate- street 
Cattle Market Tavern, William McEvoy, 

Bondgate-street 
Clayport Inn, Jane Spours, Clayport street 
Cross Keys, Thomas Turner, Market place 
Crown, John Keams, IMarket-place 
Croion & Glove, Jas. Marshall, Canongate 
Fleece, Eohert Hall, Bondgate AYithout 
Four Horse Shoes, William Trotter, Bond- 
gate-street 
George Inn, Wm. Patton, Bondgate street 
George and Dragon, Ptobert Eennison, 

Market-place 
Globe, Mary Tate, Bondgate-street 
Grey's Inn, Archibald Shield, Clayport-st 
Half Moon, Eobert Hedley, Fenkle-street 
John Bull, William Black, Howick-street 
King's Arms, Elizabeth Graham, Market-pl 
King's Head, Thomas Archbold, Market- 
place 
Masons' Arms, Wm. Laidlaw, Bondgate-st 
Masons' Arms, Wm. Tenuis, St. Michael's- 
lane 



Nag's Head, William Dunn,Tenkle-street 
Oddfellows' Arms, Eobert Egdell, Narrow- 
gate-street 
Pack Horse, John Cockbum, Clayport-street 
Percy Arms, John Eobson, Clayport-street 
Pickwick, Eobert Charlton, Eoxburgh-place 
Plough, Jas. Patterson, Bondgate Without 
Post Boy, Mark Thompson, Bondgate-st 
Queen's Head Inn, Henry Atkinson, Market- 
place 
Red Lion, Mark Harris, BaiHffgate 
Robin Hood, Samuel Pringle, Fenkle-street 
Royal Oak, Thos. Hunter, Alnmouth-road 
Shakspeare, Thomas Bell, Paike-street 
Stag, Barbara Buddie, Canongate 
Star Hotel, George Coxon, Fenkle-street 
Sun, John Mattison, Hotspur-street 
Tailors' Arms, John Hall, Clayport-street 
Tanners' Arms, David Wright, Hotspur-pl 
Three Tuns, Thos. Snowdon, Clayport-st 
Turk's Head, Wilham Bell, Bondgate-street 
White Hart, William Black, Market-place 
Wliite Sivan Inn, and posting house, Bar- 
bara Wilson, Bondgate-street 
William IV, Michael James Wilson, Clay- 
port-street 

Beer Houses 
Durnand Ann, Pottergate-street 
Watson Thos. Clayport-street 



Insurance Companies 

Atlas, Fise axd Life, Thos. 
Johnson, Narrowgate-st 

Edinbuegh, Lite, George 
Selby, Bondgate-street 

Equity and Law, Life, Jno. 
Atkinson Wilson, Bond- 
gate-street 

Globe, William Carr, junr. 
Bondgate-street 

Impeeial, Fiee and Liee, 
Mark Smith, Bondgate-st 

Life Association of Scot- 
land, Henry H. Blair, 
Bondgate-street 

London Assueance, James 
Allen, Narrowgate-street, 
and Eobert Nicholson, 
Bondgate-street 

National Meecantile,Fiee 
AND Life, Wm. Dickson, 

■ - Bailiffgate 



Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 
FiEE,Edw. Stamp, Fenkle- 
street 

Noeth Beitish, Fere, Thos. 
Duncan, Fenkle-street 

Norwich Union, Fiee and 
Life, John Brown, How- 
ick-street 

Phcenix, Fiee, Michael 
Patterson, Bondgate-st 

EoYAL Exchange, Fiee and 
Life, Jno. Bolton, Market- 
place 

Scottish Union, Fiee and 
Life, George 0. Stamp, 
Narrowgate-street 

Scottish Equitable, Life, 
William Forster, Fenkle-st 

Westeen, Life & Annuity, 
Eobt. Kilgour, Hopeter. 

YoEKSHiEE, Fiee and Life, 
Wm. Burn, Bondgate-st 



Iron and Brassfounders 

Archbold Michael J. brass, 

Clayport-street 
Bowey Mary, Pottergate-row 

Iron Merchants 

Thew Edw. & Son, Fenkle-st j 

Ironmongers &Hardwaremen 

Hindmarsh Michael, Fenkle- 
street 

Morrison Hannah, Market- 
place 

Warhaugh Eobert, Bond^ 
gate-street 

Wilkin & Dickman, Bond- 
gate-street 

Joiners and Carpenters 

Barber John, and cartwright, 
Greenbat; ho. Paike-st 



BOROUGH OF ALNWICK GLASSIPIED DIRECTOHY, 



607 



Joiners & C&Vl^BTltQYS—Contind. 
Caisley Andrew, Pottergate 
Cockburn Jonatbau, Howick- 

street 
Davison Ealph, Greenbat 
Forstsr Thos. Narrowgate-st 
Henderson & Son, Howick-st 
Hunter J. St. Michael's-pl 
Loiigb William, Percy-street 
Luke William, Greenbat 
Modi'el William, Bondgate-st 
Pringle William, Percy- street 
Scott Charles, Chapel-lane 
Short John, Eoxburgh-place 
Wiley Thomas, Bailiffgate 

Lemonade Manufacturers 

Grey Charles, Bondgate-st 
Swan Piobert, Narrowgate-st 

Masons 

Dunn Thos. Grey-place 
Eddington Peter, Fenkle-st 
Harris Mark, St. Michael's-pl 
Skelly John, Pottergate 
Thompson Thos. PIoAvick-st 
Wake John, Hotspur- street 
Welsh George, Lisbum-st 

Millers 

Archbold Thomas, Alnwick 
Steam Mill ; ho. Barndale 
Cottage 

Thew Edward, Lesbury Mill, 
and Mosley-st. Newcastle 

Milliners and Dressmakers 

Anderson Elizb. Market-pl 
Barber Dorothy, Bondgate-st 
Dixon M. Market-place 
Johnson Isabella, Bondgate- 

Without 
Lang & Fortune, Market-pl 
Storer J. & A. Bondgate-st 

Millwrights 

Mills Isaac, Clayport-street 
, .Stewart Wm. Fenkle-street 

Nursery and Seedsmen 
Marked thus * are Seedsmen only 

*Crozier John, Bondgate-st 
Macfarlane John, Narrow- 
gate-street 
♦Stevenson Jno. Bondgate-st 



*Thew Edward & Son, mer- 
chants, Fenkle-street 
Watson Edw. Market-place 
*Stott John, Ducket's-croft 

Painters and Glaziers 

CuthbertsonKobt. Bondgate 

^Vithout 
Mattison John, Hotspur-st 
Percy John, Narrowgate-st 
Kennison WilUam, Fenkle-st 
Eobertson Adam, Narrow- 
gate-street 
Shell Wra.Bondgate Without 
Wright My. Bondgate Without 

Physicians 

Hedley Edw. A. Bailiffgate 
Wilson George, junr. Bond- 
gate-street 

Plasterers 

Dunn John, Greenbat 
Dunn Thos. Greenbat 
Pickard George, Grey-place 
Pickard Thos. Percy-place 
Strafford Nixon,St.Michaers- 
place 

Plumbers and Gasfitters 

Hindmarsh Jas. Paike-street 
Tate Geo. W. Narrowgate-st 
Thompson Andrew, Bond- 
gate-street 
Wilkin & Dickman, Bond- 
gate-street 

Eope & Twine Manufacturers 

Archbold Thomas, Market-pl 
Mathers Edw. Clayport-st 
Eobinson Eobert, Correction 

House-yard 
Smart James, Pottergate-pl 

Saddle and Harness Makers 

Forster & Carse, Market-pl 
Eichardson Wm. Market-pl 
Snowdon Eobt. Narrowgate ; 

ho. Bailiffgate 
Snowdon Thos. Market-pl 

Skinners 

Appleby Joseph & Son, Clay- 
port-street 

Eennison Ealph, Dispensary- 
street 



Slaters 

Eutherford Eobt. Hotspur-pl 
Strafford Nixon, Hotspur-pl 
Thompson Eleanor, Howick- 
street 

Smiths 
Marked thus * are Whitesmiths 

* Anderson Eobt. Clayport-st 

* Archbold Michael J. Clay- 

port-street 
Brankson Michl. Clayport-st 
Dodds Eobert, & horseshoer, 

Clayport-street 
Caston John,' Market-place 
Nelson Eichd. A. Pottergate 
Gallon E. Bondgate-street 
*Hall John, Market-place ; 

ho. Clayport-street 
Plenderson Geo. Howick-st 
Pringle Samuel, Fenkle-st 
Turner John, machine and 

agricultural implement 

maker, Greenbat 
*Weddell Thos. Market-pl 

Solicitors 

Busby Eobt. and clerk to the 
Lieutenancy of the County, 
Clayport-street; ho. North- 
umberland-street 

Forster William, & treasurer 
to the trustees of the Cows - 
ley Turnpike road, Fenkle- 
st. ; ho. Belvidere-teiTace 

Dickson W. & W. Bailiff- 
gate-street 

Lambert Anthony,&treasurer 
of the County Courts, clerk 
to the tax commissioners 
for Bambrough, Coquet- 
dale, and Glendale Wards, 
and for the assessed 
taxes of the Bambrough 
and Coquetdale Wards, 
Narrowgate-street 

Eussell James, and clerk to 
the trustees of the Ale- 
mouth-road, St. Michael's- 
j:)lace ; ho. NaiTowgate-st 

Selby George, Bondgate-st 

Spours il' Can-, Bondgate-st 

Wilson John Atkinson, and 
clerk to the trustees of the 
Cow, Cowsley, <fc Backton- 
burn turnpike road, Bond- 
gate-street 



608 



COQUETDALE WAED— EAST DIVISION. 



Straw Bonnet Makers 
Achinclose & Atkinson, Bond- 
gate-street 
Arclibold Mary, Clayport-st 
Hall Dorothy, Clayport-st 
Marshall Ehzbth. Fenkle-st 
Butherford Elizabeth, Kar- 

rowgate-street 
Tate Mary, Pottergate 
Young Elizb. Clayport-st 

Surgeons 

Bradley Thos. Fenkle-street 
Davison John, Bondgate-st 
Dennis Philip, Bondgate 

Without 
Easton Geo. E. Greenbat 
Pender Thomas, Bondgate- 

Without 
Wilson George, senr. Bond- 

gate street 

Tailors 

Amory Thos. Eenkle-street 
Burne Cuthbert, Clive-ter 
Crawford Charles, Eosburgh- 

place 
Dawson John, Clayport-st 
Glieves John, Narrowgate-st 
Holmes Eobert, Bondgate-st 



Jordon Ynlliam, Bondgate-st 
Schofield Henry, Greenbat 
Scott George, Fenkle-street 
Seafield Henry, Greenbat 
Short Ptobert, Market-place 
Short Thos. Chapel-lane 
Stanfield George, Pottergate- 

place 
Wallace Eobert, Canongate 
Young Eobt. St. Michael's-pl 

Tallow Chandlers 

Horsley John, 2,Paike street 
Purvis W. & H. Market-st 
Turnbull Brothers, Bond- 
gate-street 

Timber Merchants 

Hindmarsh Luke, Market- 
place ; ho. Alnbank House 

Marriott George, and Saw 
Mill, Fenkle-street 

Eichai'dson John, Bond- 
gate Without 

Tinplate "Workers 

Anderson John, Canongate 
Drysdale Eobert, Narrow- 
gate-street 
Hindmarsh James, Paike- 
street 



Tobacco and Snuff Manufac- 
tui-ers 

Heatley James, Market-place 
Thew Edward and Son, 
Fenkle-street, and Narrow- 
gate-street 

Veterinary Surgeons 
Hubbeck Wm. and horse- 
shoer, Bailitfgate 

Watch and Clock Makers 

Collingwood Matt. Market-pl 
Gibson J. & T. Market-place 
TrotterHenry,Narrowgate-st; 

ho. Clayport-street 
Vernon Henry,Narrowgate-st 

Wine and Spirit Merchants 

Athey Henry, spirit, Narrow 

gate-street 
Finley Eobert, Narrowgate-st 
Purvis W.ctH. Market-place 
Smith, Mark, and Son, wine, 

Bondgate-street 
Smith, Mark, & Co. Dis- 
pensary-street 
Wilson Thomas C. Bond- 
gate-street 

Woolstapler 

Brown John, Ho wick- street 



PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS, SOCIETIES, &c. 



Assembly Eoom, Market-place 

Bible Society's Depositoey, Market-place 

COERECTION HOL'SE AND JUSTICE EoOM, 

Market-place, John Nichol, keeper, Isa- 
bella Nichol, Matron 
Depot of the Society foe the Promotion 

OF Cheistian Know'ledge, Bondgate 

Without, Eev. H.D. Ingledew, secretary, 

William Ferguson, clerk 
Gas Works Canongate, James Bowmaker, 

manager 
Infiemaey, Dispensary-sti'eetjEdw. Smiles, 

house surgeon 
Post Office, Fenkle-street, George Tate, 

Esq. F.G.S., Postmaster 
Beading Eoom, St. Michael's-place, Mr. 

J as. Archbold, secretary 
Eegisteae's Office, and Guardians' 

Meeting Eoom, Market-place 
Sayings' Bane, St. Michael's-lane 



Scientific and Mechanical Institution, 
Percy-st. Patron, his Grace the Duke 
of Northumberland; president, the Eight 
Hon. Earl Grey ; secretaries, George 
Tate, Esq., F.G.S. and Mrs. Thomas 
Buddie 

Stamp Office, BaiUffgate, Hemy Alder, 
manager 

Town Hall, Market-place 

Union Woekhouse, Bondgate Without, 
John Johnson, master, Ann Johnson, 
matron, John Davidson, surgeon, Eev. 
C. Granville, chaplain, Henry Masters 
and Elizabeth Masters, teachers, George 
Nicholson, porter. 

Carriers to the following places 

AcMington. — John Bell, from Turk's Head, 
Saturdays 



ALNWICK PARISH. 



609 



Amble. — James Dichburn, from the Angel, 

on Saturdays, and James Carse, from the 

Tm-k's Head, Satmxlays 
Bambrough — Mark Peal, from the Half 

Moon, Saturdays 
Beadnell. — Thomas Dodd, from^the George 

and Dragon, Saturdays 
Bedford. — Thomas Moffett, from the Angel 

Inn, and James Young, from the White 

Hart, on Saturdays 
Chatton. — Thomas Gibbeson, from the 

Four Horse Shoes, Saturdays 
Dunston — .Jos. Graham, from the Turk's 

Head, Saturdays 
EmUeton — Andrew Scott, from the Turk's 

Head, Saturdays 
Felton. — George Mackey, from the Turk's 

Head, Saturdays 
Framlington. — Edward Gibb, from the 

Turk's Head, Saturdays 
Glanton. — Thos. Young, from the George 

and Dragon, Saturdays 
Hoicick. — John Douglas, from the White 

Hart, Saturdays 
Longhorsley. — Ealph Carr, from the White 

Hart, Saturdays 
Long Houghton. — Eobert Dalrymple, from 

the White Hart, Saturdays 
Lucker. — Thos. Young, from the Angel, & F. 

Armstrong, from the George & Dragon, 

Saturdays 
Netherton. — W. & F. Dixon, from Nag's 

Head, Saturdays 



Neweasile. — Thomas Brewis, from the 

Turk's Head, Saturdays 
Newcastle. — Eobert Dickburn, from the 

Turk's Head, Saturdays 
Neiuham. — Thos. Bowey, from the Four 

Horse Shoes, Saturdays 
Neioton. — John Oliver, from the White 

Hart, Saturdays 
North Sunderland. — Eobert Welsh, from 

the Angel, Saturdays, and Thos. Eading- 

ton, from the Nag's Head 
Rock. — Thos. Bowey, from the Turk's Head, 

Saturdays 
Rothbury. — James Hodgson, from the 

George and Dragon, Saturdays 
Shields and Rothbury. — John Smails,from 

the Nag's Head, Saturdays 
Shields and Glanton. — ^Walter Eiddell,from 

the White Hart, Saturdays 
Shilbottle. —Wm. Slater, from the White 

Hart, Saturdays 
South 'Charlton. — James Jones, from the 

Four Horse Shoes, Saturdays 
Sunderland. — Thos. Eadington, from the 

Nag's Head, Saturdays 
Thropton. — James Hodgson, from the 

George and Dragon, Saturdays 
Warkworth. — Eobert Dalrymple, from the 

White Hart, Saturdays 
Whittingham. — ^Adam Young, from the 

Nag's Head, Saturdays 
Wooler. — John Brown, from the Angel, 

Saturdays 



Alnwick South Side is a township including the hamlets of Cauledge 
Park, Greensiield, Grumwells Park, Hobberlaw, Kugley, Shieldykes, and 
Snipe House. It comprises an area of 4,760 acres, the property of the Duke 
of Northumberland, who is also lord of the manor, and the number of its 
inhabitants in 1841, was 997 ; and in 1851, 278 souls. The various tow^i- 
ships in Alnwick parish were included in one return, previous to the year 1841. 

Directory. — WilHam R. Byram, farmer, West Cauledge Park ; Thomas 
Chrisp, Rugley ; Robert Henderson, farmer, Stoney Hills ; Henry Marsh, 
East Cauledge Park ; James Haggup, Shieldykes ; Thomas Laidler, St. 
Margaret's ; Thomas McLein, Snipe House ; Thomas Richardson, Cauledge 
Park ; and Gilbert TurnbuU, Freemen's Hill, farmers. 

Abbey Lands is a township in this parish, the property of the Duke of 
Northumberland, and Mrs. Anne Hewitson, of Heckley House. Its area, 
inclusive of Canongate, is 3,536 acres, and its population in 1841, was 295 ; 
in 1851, 345 souls. This township comprises the hamlets of Broomhouse, 
Heckley, Heckley Farm, Heckley Grange, andWhitehouse. Alkwick High 

2p 



610 COQ.UETDALE WARD EAST DIVISION. 

House is finely sitaatecl on a hill aboat a mile north of Alnwick, and com- 
mands beautiful views of the castle, the town, and the sea. Abbey Cottage, 
the residence of Francis Holland, Esq., is delightfully situated on the north 
bank of the Aln. Heckley House occupies a fine situation two miles north 
of Alnwick. 

Directory. — Mrs. A. Fenwick, Heckley House; Mrs. Anne Hewitson, 
land proprietor, Heckley House ; Francis Holland, agent, Abbey Cottage ; 
William Skelly, keeper of Alnwick Abbey ; W. G. Wilkinson, miller, Abbey 
Mills ; Williaui Y/illiams, gunner. Abbey Locige ; and the farmers are Robert 
Clark, Broom House ; and James Scott, High House. 

CaxoxCtATe is an adjoining township to Alnwick, of Y\dnch town it forms a 
part. Its area is included with that of Abbey Lands tovi-nship. Population 
in 1841, 572 ; and in 1851, 614 souls. For Directory see Alnwick. 

Denwick is a township and village iu the above parish, but locally situated 
in the southern division of Bambrough Ward. It contains 1,550 acres, the 
property of the Duke of Northumberland, and its population iu 1841, was 
210; and in 1851, 187 souls. The Village of Denwick is situated oue 
mile east of Alnwdck. It is a neat little place, the cottages being similar in 
construction, and ornamented in the front v\dth palisades. 



I 



Bell Cliristophei', land agent 
Coxon Jo:;e:h, joiner 
Fernand ThoiTias, blacksmith 
Grey Mr. Thomas 
Pigg George, gardener 
Store.y Mrs. Margaret 
Tate Mr. James 
"Waterman Mr. Joseph 



Farmers 
Bell John 

Davison James, Golden Moor 
Golding Isaac, Silver Moor 
Grey Thomas, HarloAv Hill 
Rouson John, Bridge End 
Thompson Thomas, Yv^ater-side House 
Weddrington Thomas, Snableazes 



4 



HuLNE Park is^a township in this parish, extending from the north side of 
the town of Alnwick. Its area is returned wuth that of Abbey Lands and 
Canongate townships, and the number of its inhabitants in 1841, was 106 ; 
and in 185 1, 116 souls. This township includes the hamlets of Hulne Abbey, 
Friar's Buildings, and Park Farm, and is the property of the Duke of Northum- 
berland. HuL^^E Abbey, whose picturesque ruins are situated about three miles 
from Alnwick, was the parent house of the Carmelite Order in England. It 
was founded in 1240, by William de Yesci, Lord of Alnwick, and Pdchard 
Gray, who having returned from the Crusade, brought with them some members 
of the community of Mount Carmel, in Syria, and settled them in this place. 
William de Vesci granted to the monks twelve or thirteen acres of land, upon 
a portion of which the church and convent were erected. The community 
afterwards received many grants of property, with various privileges from the 
Percy family, and the convent continued to be one of the most famous till the 
period of the Dissolution, at which time its annual value, according to Fuller, 
was £194 7s. The convent and adjoining grounds were granted to Sir Eobert 
EUerker, Knight, but we find them afterwards the property of the Earl of 
Northumberland, upon whose defection they were given to Sir John Forster, 



BRINKBUHN PAEOCHIAL CHAPELBY. 



611 



but subsequently became again tlie property of the family of the present pro- 
prietor, the Duke of Northumberland. Some portions of the building are 
now fitted up, and inhabited by persons in the emplo^mient of his grace ; the 
other portions are planted with trees, which add much to the beauty of the 
locality. 



Craven John, vict. Travellers' Best 

Foulger Francis, gamekeeper, Hulne 
Abbey 

McLeish Alexander, woodbailiif, Park Cot- 
tage 

Patten John, fai-mbailiiF, Pai'k Farm 



Farmers 
Arthur Charles, Holywell 
Brewis Christox')her, Humble Haugh 
Murdie Charles, Hefferlaw-bank 
Straughan Charles, White House 
Wilkmson James, White House Folly 



BPJXKBURN PAROCHIAL CHAPELEY. 

BPvIxkbuen is a parochial chapelry in the eastern division of Coquetdale 
Ward, and western division of Morpeth "Ward, comprising the townships of 
Brinkburn High Y>"ard, Brinkburn Low A¥ard, and Brinkburn South Side, 
whose united area is 3,377 acres. Its population in 1801, was 260 ; in 
1811, 209 ; iu 1821, 277; in 1831, 235 ; in 1841, 208 ; and in 1851, 225 
souls. The soil in this district is generally fertile, and limestone and coal 
are found in considerable quantities. Brinkburn has been separated from the 
parocliial chapelry of Long Framlington, with which it was returned prior 
to 1841. 

Brinebuex High Waed township is the property of Major William Hodgson 
Cadogan, and is situated nine miles north by west of Morpeth. Its rateable 
value is £968 10s., and it comprises 1,846 acres. The number of inhabi- 
tants in 1801 was — ; in 1811, 127; in 1821, 194; in 1831, 130; in 1841, 
109 ; and in 1851, 111 souls. Halfway between Felton and Pvothbury, on the 
north bank of the river Coquet, is situated Brinkburn Priory, in a position of 
considerable beaut3^ The church, which is nearly entire, is built in the 
form of a Latin Cross, having two chapels on the east side of either transept, 
and an aisle on the north of the nave only, circular and pointed arches occur 
in almost equal number throughout. The latter, together with the chapels 
alluded to, were covered with a stone roof, which in parts is still extant. The 
body of the edifice appears to have had the high pitched timber roof in com- 
mon use at the time. The Priory was founded in the reign of Henry I. 
The style of this very secluded and little known ruin presents several anoma- 
lies to an architect, in any attempt to fix the date of its erection. Late Nor- 
man mouldings being mixed with others of apparently an earlier and later 
date. Of the conventual buildings, nothing now remains but some portions 
of the walls, which form part of a moderate sized mansion. The crypt is still 
in existence, and is now used as a cellar. It contains a rudely carved figure 
which may have been intended to express some fugitive's gratitude for the 
refuge, only obtainable within a s^nctuar3\ It is probable that the crypt was 
formerly used as a place of shelter for the cattle, whither they might be 
driven during the numerous raids which took place in this neighbourhood. 

The Priory w^as founded by William de Bertram, Baron of Mitford, and 



CI 2 COQUETDALE WARD — EAST DIVISION. 

dedicated to S. S. Peter and Paul. It formed a house for Black Canons of 
the Order of St. Augustme, of whom ten were disposssssed at the Dissolution, 
when the annual revenues amounted to £68 19s. Id., according to Dugdale ; 
and to £77 according to Speed. The lid of the stone coffin of William de 
Hogeston, the last prior, is in good preservation. A few years ago a metal 
cup was discovered here full of nobles and other' smaller gold coins, of the 
reigDS of Edward III., and Pdchard II. ; and in 1850, during some draining 
oj)erations, a large bell, which was unfortunately broken by the workmen in 
raising it, was found on the south, or opposite side of the river. This, there 
is no doubt, had been one of the bells of the church, but how it could have 
travelled to where it was found, on the top of a steep bank, remains a 
mystery. 

DrRECTOEY. — Major William Hodgson Cadogan, Brinkburn Priory; 
C. H. Cadogan, Esq., Brinkburn Priory ; John Carr, gardener ; John Charl- 
ton, miller, Brinkburn Mill ; John Pviddle, beer retailer ; and the farmers are 
Andrew Armstrong, Woodhead ; George Blakely, Hope; Charles Lilburu, 
the Lynn ; James Shanks, New Houses ; and Pialph Shanks, and overseer, 
Cockshot. 

Beixkburx Low Waed, an adjoining township to the above, is the pro- 
perty of Thomas Ptiddle, Esq., of Felton Park, and Robert Delisle, Esq. It 
contains 367 acres, and its rateable value is £698 8s. Population in 1801, 
— ; in 1811,44; in 1821, 55; in 1831, 69; in 1841, 57; and in 1851, 54 
souls. 

DiEECTORY. — John Cadwell, farmer ; William Dixon, miller, Weldon Mill ; 
Thomas Lilburn, farmer, Todstead ; Ealph Marshall, blacksmith ; and Julia 
Muers, vict., Anglers'' Inn. 

Bkinkbuen South Side is another township in this chapelry, though 
locally situated in the western division of Morpeth Ward, nine and a half 
miles north-west of Morpeth. It comprises an area of 965 acres, and its 
rateable value is £552. Population in 1801, 60 ; in 1811, 38 ; in 1821, 25'; 
in 1831, 43 ; in 1841, 55 ; and in 1851, 54 souls. This township contains 
three farms, the property of Thomas Riddell, Esq., Mrs. Brewis and Sisters, 
Messrs. Trevelyan and Wickham, and Piobert Delisle, Esq. 

Chaeity. — Joseph Rilton in 1728, gave £20 to the poor housekeepers of 
Brinkburn South Side. The interest of this sum, amounting to sixteen 
shillings per annum, is distributed in accordance with the intentions of the 
donor. 

DiEECTORY. — Piobert Leighton, farmer, Thristleyhaugh ; William Stoker, 
farmer, Briukhaugh ; and Hetherington Thompson, farmer, Westhaugh. 

FELTON PAPJSH. 

Felton, a parish, partly in the east division of Coquetdale Ward, and 
partly in the east division of Morpeth Ward, comprises the tovv^nships of 
Acton and Old Felton, Bockeufielcl, Elyhaugh, Eshott, Felton, Greens 
and Glantlees, Swarland, and Thirston East and West with Shothaugh. 



FELTON PAEISH. 613 

It is bomicled by tlie parishes of Warkworth, Hebburn, Long Framlino-- 
ton, Aln^^-ick, and Sliilbottle, and comprises an area of 12,830 acres. 
Population in 1801, 1,393 ; 1811, 1,409; in 1821, 1,491 ; in 1831, 1,576; 
in 1841, 1,585 ; and in 1851, 1,574 souls. The soil of this parish is various, 
but chiefly incumbent upon strong clay, and is well suited for grain crops. 
There are some coal seams here, but they are not much worked. 

Acton and Old Felton form a joint township, extending from one to two 
miles north by east of Felton village, and comprise 1,244 acres, the property 
of Robert Delisle, Esq., Robert Adams Esq., and Sir William Davison. The 
rateable value is £1,570; and the number of inhabitants in 1801, was 113 ; 
in 1811, 81 ; in 1821, 91; in 1831, 101 ; in 1841, 111; and in 1851, 94 
S3uls. Old Felton is said to be the site of a village, which was destroyed by 
King John, in 1216. Acton Hall, the seat and property of Robert Adams, 
Esq., is a neat and commodious structure, surrounded by beautiful and pic- 
turesque scenery. Acton FIouse is the seat of John Hodgson Hinde, Esq. 

DiRECTOEY. — Robert Adams, Esq., Acton Hall ; John Hodgson Hinde, 
Esq., Acton House; Robert • Mather (J. Mather and Sons), Acton Cottage; 
John Darling, steward ; and the farmers are Thomas Beale, Lane End ; John 
Mather and Sons, Old Felton ; and John Trewick, Low Acton. 

BocKENFiELD is a township and hamlet in this parish, but locally situated 
in the eastern division of Morpeth Ward. The township contains 2,324 
acres, and its rateable value is £1,800. Population in 1801, 130; in 1811, 
113; in 1821, 107; in 1831, 144; in 1841, 127; and in 1851, 116 souls. 
It is the property of Thomas Riddell, Esq., with the exception of Longdyke 
Farm, which belongs to the Causey Park Estate. The Hamlet of Bocken- 
field is situated eight miles north of Morpeth, and six miles from Acklington 
Railway Station. There must have been a considerable village here at one 
period, as the vestiges of many houses still remain. The inhabitants are 
free of toUage at Morpeth market, and the reason given for this exemption 
is, that the market was first held at Bockenfield, and transferred to Morpeth 
on that condition. 

Directory. — The farmers in this township are John Appleby (and miller); 
Joseph and William Appleby, Helm-on-the-Hill ; Robert Chatter, Burgham ; 
Samuel Donkin (and auctioneer), Bywell ; Frances Hutchen, Bockenfield 
House ; John Morrell, Wintrick : and Jane Simpson, High Moor. 

Elyhaugh township is situated two miles and half west of Felton. Its 
area is returned with that of Swarland, and its population in 1801, was 34 ; 
in 1811, 27; in 1821,13; in 1831, 16; in 1841, 27; and in 1851, 15 souls. 
It is the property of George Tate, Esq., of East House, and is occupied by 
Mr. Robert Hine, farmer. 

EsHOTT is a township in this parish, but locally situated in the eastern 
division of Morpeth Ward, one mile and a half south by east of Felton. It 
comprises an area of 1,775 acres, and its rateable value is £1,745. In 1801 
it contained 120; in 1811, 127; in 1821, 114; in 1831, 132; in 1841, 
117; and in 1851, 135 inhabitants. Thomas Brewis, Esq., is the principal 
landowner. This township contains the hamlets of Eshott Brocks, Eshott 



614 COQUETDALE WARD EAST DIYISION. 

East Houses, Esliott South Houses, and Eshott Hall. Eshott Hall, the 
seat and property of Thomas Brewis, Esq., is beautifully situated on an 
eminence, and is in the Grecian st3de, the interior decorations being of tlie 
most costly description. A little west of the hall is a place called the Castle 
Field, and to the north another place called the Camp Field, the entrench- 
ments of which are still yisihle. Here is a colliery, which having been dis- 
continued for some time, was re-opened last year by Mr. K. Cowen, of 
Acklington. 

DiEECTOEY. — Thomas Brewis, Esq., Eshott Hall ; and the farmers are 
John Brewis, East Farm; John Jewitt; Matthew Keen, Eshott Brocks; 
John Shotton, Eshott Haugh ; Mrs. Sunamerville, Eshott Park ; and George 
Thompson, East Houses. 

Felton is a township and village, giving name to the parish in which it is 
situated, the property of Thomas Riddell, Esq., and several freeholders. The 
township comprises an area of 1,528 acres, and its rateable value is £'2,703 
12s. 6d. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 506 ; in 1811, 514 ; 
in 182], 554; in 1831, 610; in 1841, 623; and in 1851, 708 souls. The 
manor of Felton, in ancient times, formed part of- the barony of Mitford, and 
was held by the Bertram family. It afterwards became the property of the 
Earls of Pembroke, the Earls of Athol, the Percys, the Scropes, the Lisles, 
and the Widdringtons, from the latter of whom it passed to the PJddells, the 
present proprietors. 

The Village of Felton is pleasantly situated on the north side of the 
Coquet, ten miles north of Morpeth. The river is here crossed by a good 
stone bridge of three arches, and the scenery in the neighbourhood is 
beautiful and romantic. In 1216 the barons of the north performed homage 
here to Alexander, King of Scotland, which circumstance so irritated King John 
that he marched an army through Northumberland and burned or destroyed 
everything around him. Among other places Felton was given to the flames. 
The Chuech, dedicated to St. Michael, is situated west of the village, on 
the north side of the Coquet. The parish register commences in 1653. "The 
living, a vicarage in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery of Alnwick, 
is valued in the Liber Regis at £3 13s 4d ; gross income, £282. The 
patronage is vested in the Crovvn. Vicar, Ptev. Thomas Ilderton, M.A. 
Here is a Peeseyteeian Chapel, erected in 1820. Tv^o annua-1 fairs are 
held here on the first Mondays in May and November, for the sale of sheep, 
cattle, &c. 

Felton Paek, the seat and property of Thomas Riddell, Esq., J.P., is a 
fine commodious mansion, situated on a gentle eminence in a spacious park, 
surrounded by beautiful and picturesque scenery. There is a Cathohc Church 
attached to the hall. Rev. Samuel Day, chaplain. 

Chaeities.- — Robert Haselrig bequeathed £5 yearly to the poor of Felton, 
half to be given at Christmas and half at Easter; and Thomas Heron, of 
East Thirston, left the rents of the pews, in the gallery of Felton Church, 
amounting at the time of the Chanty Commissioners Report to £6 per 
annum, to the poor of this parish. 



FELTON DTRECTOFiY. 



61, 



Post Office, Felton, Agnes Hme, 2^ostmistress. Letters arrive here, at 9-80 a.m. and 
10-30 p.m., and are desi^atched at 7-30 a.m. and 8-40 p.m. Money orders are also made 
payable here. 

An Omnibus leaves Felton for tlie arrival of each train at the Acldington Station. 



Appleby Wm. vict. and joinev, North Britain 
Beclcet Mr. John 

Eeiongh Henry B. chemist and druggist 
Bowman Fenwick, brewer and malster 
Bromiield Thomas, miller, Felton Mill 
Cockbin-n John A. blacksmith and hard- 

■\vareman 
Cockburn Mrs. Jane 
Cookson John, vict. Red Lion 
Cowen Thomas, grocer & gunpowder agent 
Crossley John, gardener 
Day Eev. Samuel (Catholic), chaplain to 

Thomas Biddeil, Esq. 
Dobson Ann, shopkeeper 
Dobson Piobert, boot and slioem.aker, and 

constable at lock-up 
Dobson William, joiner and cartwright 
Fenwicl^Tbomas John, draper and grocer 
Fleming Sarah, shopkeeper 
Fogg George, vict. and veterinary surgeon, 

Fox and Hounds 
Gallon Thomas, draper and bookseller 
Gallon Tvjlliam, joiner and cartwright 
Gillespie Mrs. Ann 
Gordon Robert, stonemason 
Gowens Anthony, boot and shoemaker 
Grahamsley John, surgeon 
Hedley Artlrar, M.D. and surgeon 
Howiiston Robert, millwright 
Hudson John, gentleman 
Hudson Tliomas, yeoman 
Fiderton Rev. Thomas, M.A. vicar, Vicarage 
Jeffrey Aharon, slater, and secretary to the 

News Room 
Jeffrey Thomas, boot and shoemaker 
Keliy John, shopkeeper and lodging house 

keeper 



Leighton Jonathan, vict. Coach and Horses 
Leighton Robert, game keeper 
Lambert Robert, butcher and farmer 
Lee Thomas, boot and shoemaker 
Lee John, stonemason 
Lee Joseph, shopkeeper 
Mack Thomas, saddler 
Middlem.ass Rachel, tinplate worker 
Miller Wilson &■ Rochester, tailors, woollen 

drapers, etc. 
Miller Mr. James 
Pitt and Slone, painters, plumbers, and 

glaziers 
Riddell Thomas, Esq. Felton Park 
Rochester James, grocer, &c. 
Robson John, butcher 
Scott Edward, blacksmith 
Scott William, boot and shoemaker 
Shotton Robert, blacksmith & shopkeeper 
Stephenson George, butcher 
Stephenson Robert, gentleman 
Stephenson Robert, steward 
Thornton Robert, butcher 
W^ardle Joseph, shop];eeper and joiner 
W^atson JameSjVict. and surveyor, T-r-id(?n7J^- 

to'ii Arms I mi 
Willis George, L. joiner and Gartvvright 
Wharrier H. & .J. tailors and drapers, and 

farmers 
Wharrier T. T. grocer and builder (J. 

Wharrier & Sons ) 

Farmers 
Davidson John 

Earsdon George, Felton Moor 
Heslop John, Felton Fence 
Rowe Edward Thomas, Esq., Moleshaugh, 



CArcRiER. — George Mackay, to Newcastle, on Wednesday, and to AJnwick on Saturday 

Greens and Glantlees form a joint townslnp in this parish four miles 
nortli-west by north of iE'elton, and comprise an area of 937 acres. The popula- 
tion in 1801, was 34 ; in 1811, 58; inl821,76; inl831, 56; inl841,79; 
and in J 851, 51 souls. The rateable value is £500, and Captain Widdring- 
ton of Newton Hall is the sole lando^vner. Coal and freestone are found 
here. 

Directory, John and William Coxon, and William Robinson, farmers. 

SwARLAND is a towuship and village, the propert}^ of Sir WiUiam Davison, 
and Joshua Blackburn, Esrj[. The township contains 3,819 acres, audits 



616 



CO^Qt 



TiVABD — EAST DIVIBTON. 



rateable value is £1,029. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, \Yas SO' 
in 1811, 195; in 1821, 211; in 1831, 210; in 1811, 194; and in 
1851, 174 souls. The family of Hesilrigge held this estate from a 
period antecedent to the conquest, till the 18th century, when it became 
the property of Richard Grieve, Esq., and subsequently came into the 
possession of the present proprietors. The Village of Swarland is situated 
two miles north-west of Felton. Swarland Hall, the residence of Joshua 
Blackburn, Esq., is a fine edifice seated in a beautiful park. In front of the 
hall is an elegant obelisk of white freestone, erected to the memory of Ad- 
miral Lord Nelson, by the late Alexander Davidson, Esq., who lived on terms 
of intimacy with the gallant admiral. This monument bears the following 
inscriptions : — On the body of the obelisk — England Expects eveeyMan to 
DO HIS duty ; on the pedestal — Not to Commemorate the PuBLfc Virtue 
and Achievements of Nelson, w^hich is the Duty of England, but to the 
Memory of Private Friendship. This erection is dedicated by Alex- 
ander Davidson. 



Blackburn Joshua, Esq., The Hall 
Crozier John, joiner and woodman 
Grieves Thomas, blacksmith 
Johnson Dorothy, shopkeeper 
Lloyd Joseph, gardener 
Scott Robert, gamekeeper 



i'arniers 

Aynsley Lionel, East House 
Brown William, Old Hall 
Coulthard Robert, The Fence 
Eichardson Thomas, Overgrass Mill 
Taylor John, The Moor 
Young John, Overgrass 



Thirston, East and West, with Shothaugh, form a township the property 
of the Duke of Northumberland, and Thomas Pdddell, Esq. The area is 
1,161 acres, and the rateable value £2,167 12s. Population in 1801, 
219; in 1811, 294; in 1821, 325; in 1831, 807; in 1841, 307; and in 
1851, 281 souls. West Thirston forms the southern suburb of Felton, but 
East Thirston is more than half a mile E. S. E. of Felton Bridge, and Shot- 
haugh is situated one mile and a half west of Felton. Here is a Presbyterian 
chapel, erected, in 1830, at a cost of £600, of which Alexander Davidson, Esq. 
gave £40, together with the site. It contains 400 sittings. Felton New 
School is under the patronage of the Duke of Northumberland and the 
neighbouring gentlemen. It was erected by subscription in 1830, and will 
accommodate ]40 pupils. 

Harrison William, schoolmaster 
Herron John, miller. East Thirston 
Hetherington Joseph, East Thirston ^ 
Hoy Kev. Alexander (Presbyterian) 
Huntley John, joiner and cartwright 
Marshall Joseph, blacksmith 
Smith Thomas, Esq., Thirston Farm 
Richardson Robert, joiner 

LONG FRAMLINGTON PAROCHIAL CHAPELRY. 

Long Framlington is a chapelry, township, and village, comprising an 
area of 4,962 acres, and its rateable value is £2.324. Its population in 1801, 



Wharrier John, shopkeeper 
Wilson Joseph, butcher 

Farnierg 
Aynsley WilHam, Shothaugh 
G-ill John, Waterside 
Gowan Samuel, Waterside 
Storey William, Thirston Shaw 



LOXa FRAMLTNGTON PAROCHIAL CHAPELRT. 



61' 



^Yas471; in 1811, 508; iii 1821, 563; in 1831, 543; in 1811, 549; and 
in 1851, 549 souls. The manor of Long Framlington, previous to the reign 
of Henry YIII., was the property of the Eslington family, on the extinction 
of which, the estate was sold in lots, and is now the property of the Duke of 
Xorthumberland and a number of freeholders. The land of this chapelry is 
generally of a good quality. On the north-western extremity is a long narrow 
tract containing about 1,000 acres of the wildest and most dreary moorland 
in the county. Here are a number of cairns composed of loose stones, and the 
road called the Devil's Causeway passes near this place, where there are large 
heaps of scorioe, probably produced by the Eomans in melting ironstone. 
Coal, limestone, and freestone, are the principal mineral productions. 

The Village of Long Framlington is pleasantly situated eleven miles 
north by west of Morpeth, and has two annual fairs on the second Tuesday 
in July and on the 25th of October. The Church, or Chapel, is a neat 
edifice, and was formerly a chapel of ease to the mother-church of Felton. 
The register commences in 1653. The living, a perpetual curacy in the 
archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery of Alnwick, is joined with the living 
of Felton. Here is a neat and commodious Presbyterian Chapel erected 
during the present year, in lieu of the old chapel, which was built in 1739. 
Hey. John Gillespie, minister. 

Framlington Parochial School is endowed with the interest of £500, 
bequeathed by Mrs. Tate, in 1826, for the education of twenty children of 
poor industrious persons residing in the chapelry. The interest at the time 
of the Charity Commissioners' report amounted to £12 4s. 9d. per annum. 
Here is a Mechanics' Institution established in 1848, which possesses a 
library and newsroom, the former containing about 700 volumes. Hans 
Murray, schoolmaster, secretary, and librarian. 

Low Framlington is a hamlet in this, chapelry, one mile south of Long 
Framlington. 

Post Office, Feamlington, John Grey, postmaster. Letters arrive here, fL-om 
Morpeth, at 11-30 a.m. and are despatched thereto at 4-35 p.m. 



Aynsley Hobert, vIct. Grakd Bay 
Bleake Thomas, tailor 
Carse James, blacksmith 
Davy Ann, vict. QueerCs Head 
Donaldson Michael, shopkeeper 
Gibson Alder, vict. Horse and Jockey 
Gillespie Eev. John (Presbyterian) 
Gustard Abigail, grocer and baker 
Hilton James, draper 
Lambert Joseph and Thomas, joiners and 

cartwrights 
McCall Benjamin, shoemaker 
Moffit Peter, shopkeeper 
Murray Hans, schoolmaster 
Riddeli Thomas, tailor 



Richardson William, shoemaker 
Eobson James, shoemaker 
Snowdeu Robert, blacksmith 

Tarmers 
Clavern William, Low Framlington 
Common Thomas, I^mbleton Hall 
Cook Edward, Low Hall 
Hall — Long Row 
Hedley John, Small Dean 
Howey Wilham, Onstead 
Lambert Joseph, Hall Hill 
Rand William, yeoman 
Thompson John, Low Framlington 



2p2 



03 8 COQCETDALE WARD — EAST DIVISION. 

SHTLBOTTLE PARISH, 

Shilbottle parisli comprises the townships of Gujzauce, Hazon, Xewton- 
on-the-Moor, Shilbottle, Whittle, und Yroodhouse, aud is bounded on the 
north by Alnwick, on the south-east bj Wark worth, on the south-west by 
Felton parish, and on the east by Lesbury. It is about four miles in length 
by three and a half in breadth, and embraces an area of 7,704 acres. This 
parish is in a high state of cultiYation, has an excellent coal mine, and an 
abundance of limestone. The population in 1801, was 1,031; in 1811, 
1,104; inlS;21, 1,153; in 1831, 1,195; in 1841, 1,208; and in 1851, 
1,298 souls. 

GuTZANCE, or GuTsox, is a township and yillagc in this parish, the property 
of the Duke of Northumberland ; Robert Delisle, Esq. the heirs of the late 
Thomas Fenwick, Esq., and Thomas Tate, Esq. The rateable value is £1,671 
10s., and the tithes, which are the property of Thomas Tate, Esq., ai'e valued 
at £130 per annum. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 172 ; in 181] , 
18G ; in 1821, 173 ; in 1831, 197 ; in 1841, 205 : aud in 1851, 213 souls. 
The Village of Guyzance is situated seven miles south by east of Alnwick, 
'(liere was formerly a priory here, which was annexed to Alnwick xYbbey, by 
Eitstace Fitz John. We hnd from Tanner s luonastica that it was endowed 
with a portion of the tithes, aud two bovates of land, but as to any other 
portion of its history we possess no records. The remains of the old chapel 
are still here, with the burying ground, in which the Tate family are still 
interred. Bank House, the seat of Thomas Tate, Esq., is situated about a 
mile north of the tillage. 

BRAiKSKArGH is a hamlet in this township, situated seven and a half miles 
south by east of x^nwick. 

Directory. — Thomas Garse, blacksmith and agricultural implement maker;' 
James McKeiizie, joiner ; Joseph Robinson, schoolmaster ; Henry Throbe, 
miller, Guyzance Mill; Thomas Throbe, shopkeeper; and the farmers are 
John Bell, and shopkeeper ; George Bolam, 13rainshaugh ; George Coxon, 
Bkcklee ; and George Tate, and yeoman. East House. 

Hazon is a township and hamlet in the above parish, the property of 
William Lawson, Esq. The area of tlie township is 1,409 acres, and its 
rate^ible value, with tliat of Hartlaw, is £1,647 23. Population in 1801, 
132 ; in 1811,116; in 1821,99; in 1>;31, 92 ; in 1841, 85; and iu 1851, 
118 souls. The tithes of Hazon a,nd Hartlaw were commuted in 1839, 
aggregate amount, £34 Ss., vicarial ; £187 impropriated; and 9s. 6d. due 
to the parish clerk. This township comprises lorn.- farms and a corn mill. 
The Hamlet of Hazon is situated on an eminence about six miles south of 
Alnwick, and two and a half miles west of Vrarkworth Station. The whole 
township is farmed by John Hogg, Esq., of Hazon House. 

Directory.— John Hogg, Esq., Hazon House ; and Matthew Dixon, Esq., 
miller, Hazon Mill. 

N EWTox-ON-THE-MooR is a towTiship aud village in this parisli, the property 
of Captain Samuel E. Widdrington, of Xewton Hall; Mr. Strother, Mr. 



SIIILBOTTLE TAEISH. 619 

Dayidson, Mr. Johnson, and Mr. Jamieson. Coal and limestone are abundant 
here. The township contains 9 1 1 acres, and its rateable value is £1 ,468 9s. 1 1 d. 
The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 162; in 1811, 228 ; in 1821, 
244 ; in 183], 265 ; in 1841, 290 ; and in 1851, 290 souls. The Village 
of Newton is pleasantly situated six miles south by vrest of x\lnwick. Here 
is a Methodist New Connexion Chapel, erected in 1842, upon a site given 
by Captain Widdrington, There is also a school which is endowed vdth £15 
per annum for the education of poor people's children of Nev/ton-on-the-Moor, 
and the precincts thereof. At present, two children of each poor family in the 
township are taught reading and writing free, with pay scholars. Newton 
Hall, the seat of Captain Widdrington is situated in a beautiful lavrn, a little 
south of the Tillage, and in its neighbourhood there is a very strong 
Chalybeate Spring. 



BaiTas Henry, junior, coal agent 

Carr Margaret, shoplceeper 

Coson John, farmer, Low Steads 

Guthrie Elizaheth, slioi^teeper 

Guthrie James, shoemaker 

Johnson Francis, v/ine and spirit merchaTit, 

Low Newton 
Eutherford Thomas, lime burner 
Suaith Joanna, vict. Northumljerland Arms 
Snaith Eobert, blacksmith 



Strotlior F. T. gentleman 

Swan William, schoolmaster 

Thew John, vict. and farmer, Sun 

Thompson Robert, shoemaker 

Wallace William, vict. and general smith. 

Barker's Arms 
Widdringtoii GaptainEdward, Newton Hall 
Woodward Thomas, farmer, Newton Villa 
Yarstou George, tailor 



Shilbottle is a township and village giving name to the parish in which 
it is situated. The area of the township is 2,935 acres, and its rateable value 
is £2,351 8s. The populationin 1801, was 472 ; in 1811, 465 ; in 1821, 548; 
in 1881, 557 ; in 1841, 549 ; and in 1851, 601 souls. It is the property of 
the Duke of Northumberland. Here is an excellent colliery, which gives 
emploj^ment to a considerable number of the inhabitants. 

The Village of Shilbottle is pleasantly situated in a fine open country, 
three miles south by east of Alnwick. The Chukch, dedicated to St. James, 
is a neat edifice, and the parish register commences in 1G90. The living, a 
discharged vicarage in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery of 
Alnwick, valued in the Liber Regis at £4 14s. 8d. gross income, £222. 
The patronage is vested in the Crown, and the Hev. John B. Roberts, 
B.A., is vicar. Here is a school which possesses a small annual endowment, 
Archibald Mitchison, schoolmaster. 

Charities. — Henry Strother, by his will bearing date 80th November, 
1751, bequeathed the interest of,£ 50 for the education of the poor children of 
this parish. Frances Strother, in 1 765, left £ 100, the interest of which was to be 
divided, and one moiety was to be devoted to the poor and needy of the parish 
of Shilbottle, and the other moiety for the provision of a Protestant school- 
master of the school at Newton-on-the-Moor ; but owing to some mistake, the 
whole of this bequest, at the time of the Charity Commissioners' Report, was 
paid to the master of the school in Newton. Frances Strother, by lier will 
bearing date 4th April, 1770, bequeathed the interest of £100 for the use of 
the public school of Newton-on-the-Moor. 



G20 



COQUETDALfi WARD— WEST DIVISIOK. 



Brown James, vict. and joiner, Vercy Arms 

Corbit Jane, shopkeeper 

Gray John, shopkeeper 

Huntley James, shoemaker 

Kirkup John, shoemaker 

Mitohison Archibald, schoolmaster and 

parish clerk 
Muers Wm. vict. Farriers'' Arms 
Muers Wm. blacksmith 
Pender James, shopkeeper 
Eoberts John B. B.A. vicar, Vicarage 
Storey John, vict. Board 
Trueman Mark, shopkeeper 
Tument William, tailor 
Wilson William, coal agent 



Wood James, blacksmith 
AVragglesworth Joseph, vict. Black Swan 
Wr aggies worth Eichard, butcher 
York John, tailor 

Farmers 
Heron Wm. Town Foot Farm 
Gibson Thomas, steward, Colliery House 
Keen Joseph 
McDonald William 
Kobertson Ealph 
Eobinson John, South Farm 
Swordy Thomas, South Moor 
Throbe Thomas, Long Dyke 
Welsh Georsce 



Caeeiees to Alnwick. — John Hindmarsh and George Slater, on SaturdajTS 

Whittle township is the property of Major Clutterbnck, of Warkworth, 
Its rateable value is £518 19s., and it contains 545 statue acres. Population 
in 1801, 64; in 1811, 101; in 1821, 64; in 1831, 53; in 1841, 56 ; and 
in 1851, 40 souls. Tithes commuted in 1839, aggregate amount, £47 2s. 
Coal and limestone of excellent quality are found here. This township con- 
tains two farms, called High and Low Whittle. 

DiRECTOEY. — George Lough, farmer and lime burner, Low Whittle ; and 
Mr. Ealph Henderson, High Whittle. 

WooDHOusE township is situated four miles S.S.E. of Alnwick, and corn- 
prises an area of 572 acres. It contained in 1801, 29 ; in 1811, 8 ; in 1821, 
25 ; in 1831, 31 ; in 1841, 23 ; and in 1851, 36 souls. The rateable value 
is £422 10s., and the Duke of Northumberland is proprietor. Tithes com- 
muted in 1839 ; aggregate amount, £75 4s. 2d. to the vicar of Shilbottle, 
and 3s. 3d. to the parish clerk. This township contains one farm, which is 
worked by William Fenwick, Esq., of South Side ; William Gibson, farm 
steward. 



COQUETDALE WARD— WEST DIVISION. 



ALWINTON PAKISH. 

Jrsiii 6111 . .ri'fJH^^d 

Alwinton parish is about fourteen miles in length "b/iiMte''iti.' Brfeacttlf/ 
and comprises an area of 31,940 acres. It is intersected by the river Coquet, 
and embraces eleven townships, viz. : — Alwinton, Biddleston, Burrowden, 
Clennell, Fairhaugh, Farnham, LinbriggSj North Netherton, South Netherton, 
Peals, and Sharperton. Population in 1801, 738; in 1811, 826; in 1821, 
900; in 1831, 822; in 1841, 812; and in 1851, 853 souls. 

Alwinton is a township and village, giving name to the parish in which it 



ALWINTON PAEISH. 621 

is situated, and the property of Walter Selby, Esq., who is also lord of the 
manor. The township coDtains 1,559 aeres, and -its rateable value is ^729 
Is. 8d. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 102 ; in 1811, 103 ; ui 
1821, 106; in 1831, 85 ; in 1841, 78; and in 1851, 77 souls. The land 
in this district is principal!}^ devoted to pasturage. 

The Village of Alwinton is situated near the confluence of the Alwine 
and Coquet rivers, nine miles west by, north of Rothbury. The Church, 
dedicated to St. Michael, is a neat structure, consisting of nave, chancel, 
aisles, and south porch, and was erected on the site of the old church, a 
little distance east of the village, in 1853. It contahis 300 sittings, most 
of which are free and unappropriated. Here are the family vaults of the Selbys 
and Clennejls, and the former family have four mural tablets in the church. 
The living is a perpetual curacy, united with Holystone, in the archdeaconry 
of Lindisfarne, and deanery of Eothbury ; rated in the parliamentary returns 
at £125 7s., gross income £110. Patron the Bishop of Durham; incumbent, 
Rev. Aislabie Procter, M.A. The parish register commences in 1719. There 
was formerly an hospital here, subordinate to the nunnery of Holystone. 
Alwinton School was founded in conformity with the will of W. Dixon, Esq., 
who, in 1806, bequeathed £350, the interest of which was to be applied to the 
education of twelve poor children belonging to, and living in, the parish of 
Alwinton, and chapelry of Holystone. The income has been since increased 
by voluntary donations, and twenty-six scholars are now educated gratuitously. 
There is a market held here on Tuesdays for the sale of butter, eggs, and 
poultry. 

Charities. — Thomas Clennel, who died in 1701-2, left to the parish of 
Alwinton £30, for " the use and relief of the poor," the interest thereof to be 
distributed yearly on St. Thomas's Day, and Good Friday ; and James Selby, 
in 1738, left to the poor of this parish, the sum of £20, the interest of which 
is distributed annually on New Year's Day. 

Directory. — Thomas Anderson, joiner; John Bolani, grazier (George 
Bolam and Son) ; Burn and Robinson, victs. and post-house, Bose and 
Thistle Inn ; Samuel Clark, postman ; Rev. Aislabie Procter, incumbent ; 
Samuel Scott, farm-steward and shopkeeper ; Mr, Ralph Strong ; Robert 
Wallness, shopkeeper ; and Jane Whellans, vict., Bed Lion. 

BiDDLESTON towuship IS situatcd two miles north-east of Alwinton. The 
areas of Biddleston, Farnham, Peals, Clennell, and Netherton North and 
South Side, townships are returned together, and make a total area of 17,785 
acres. The rateable value of Biddleston is £2,240. It has long been 
the seat and manor of the ancient and honourable Catholic family of the 
Selbys. The first of this name obtained a grant of Biddleston, which 
formerly belonged to the Vissards, from Edward I., in 1272. Walter Selby, 
Esq., the present representative of this ancient house, filled the oftice of High 
Sheriff of the county in 1853. Biddleston Hall is a noble mansion, occu- 
pying the summit of a gentle declivity, behind which a beautiful stream 
flows, falling in its course over several huge rocks, above which are the hills 
of Silverton and Harden, from whose lofty summits the sea may be discerned 



62-3 COQUETDALE WAED — ^YEST DIVISION. 

on a clear clar. The south front of the hall also commands some heantiful 
views of the vale of the Coquet. The Catholic Church attached to the hall, 
is much admired for the beautiful simplicity of its decorations ; Eev. Thomas 
Hogpfet, priest. During the last few years many improvements have been 
effected in this township. 

DiEECTORY. — Y\"alter Selby, Esq., Biddleston Hall ; Rev. Thomas Hogget, 
chaplain ; John Dickenson, head gardener, Garden House ; Thomas Howey, 
land agent ; and Joseph ^Vatson, gamekeeper. The farmers and graziers are 
John Hall, Biddleston Edge ; William Prmgle, Newton ; Thomas Storey, 
Ellilaw ; Margaret and Yvilliam Wanless, Biddleston and Snigmoor ; and 
Charles Young, Puncherton. 

BuERowDEN, OE BuREADOx towuship, is the property of Messrs. Clennell, 
Messrs. Thomas and William Forster, Thomas Y-'alby, and Mrs. Dawson, 
with some small freehold proprietors. It is situated six miles W.N.W. of 
Rothbury, and its rateable value is £1,359. The number of inhabitants in 
1801, was 1Q9; in 1811, 138; in 1821, 170; in 1831, 174; in 1841, 165; 
and in 1851, 150 souls. During the present year ^Yilliam Forster, Esq., has 
erected a fine mansion here on the south side of a gentle eminence, from 
which a delightful prospect may be obtained. 

DiEECTOEY. — Robert Co wens, shopkeeper ; Jane Guthrie, shopkeeper ; 
George Johnson, joiner; Jacob Paxton, tailor and draper; Andrew Percy, 
blacksmith ; George Tate, schoolmaster ; and the firrmers and graziers are 
William Forster, Esq., Burradon ; Robert Nicholson ; Y"ilham Nicholson, 
Burradon Main ; and Thomas Walby, yeoman. 

Clennell is a township situated about one mile north of Alwinton, the 
property of the heirs of the late Anthony ^Yilkinson, Esq., but now iu the 
hands of trustees. It contains 1,100 acres, and its rateable value is £2'21. 
The population in 1801, was 18 ; in J 811, 29 ; in 1821, 27 ; in 1831, 15 ; 
in 1841, 18; and in 1851, 25 souls. Clennell was anciently the seat and 
manor of the Clennell family, now of Harbottle Castle ; but it passed in 
marriage with the daughter and heiress of Thomas Clennell, Esq., to the 
Yvllkinsons. Here is an ancient mansion handsomely situated one mile north 
of the Coquet, once the residence of the Clennells, but now^ occupied by Mr. 
Andrew Tait, land steward. 

FxViEHAUGH is a township containing 596 acres, the property of Messrs. 
Scott, and the rateable value is £130. The number of inhabitants in 180J,- 
was 7; in 1811, 9 ; in 1821, 8; in 1831, 4; in 1841, 5 ; and in 1851, 4 
souls. It is situated four and a half miles N.N.W. of Alwinton. 

DiRECTOEY. — Robert Scott, farmer and grazier. 

Farnham township is situated six miles west of Rothbury,'~and is the pro- 
perty of Christopher Clennell, Esq. Population in 1801, 34 ; in 1811, 38 ; 
in 1821, 36 ; 1831, 47 ; in 1841, 40; and in 1851, 39 souls. The rateable 
value of the township is £710, and the farmers are John Nicholson and 
John Rennay. 

LiNBRiGGs is a towmship situated two miles west of Alwinton. It comprises 
an area of 9,500 acres, and its rateable value is £1,175. The number of 



AUVIKTON rAHlSIT. G23 

inliabitants in 1801, was 54; in 1811, G7 ; in 18:^1, 70; in 1831, 64; 
in 1841, 6^2 ; and in 1851, 53 souls. The principal landowners are William 
Duini, Esq., and Ealpli Carr, Esq. Here is a bridge near the junction of 
the Pddleeburn. The land in this neighbourhood consists, generally, of green 
hills, and is divided into large stock farms. 

DiRECTOEY. — Andrew Hail, Lonngesknowes ; George and Thomas Talfer, 
Blindburu ; and Edward Potts, lilakington, farmers and graziers. 

Netherton North Side is a township in the above parish, the propert}^ of 
Walter Selby, Esq., and its rateable value is £668. its population in 1801, 
was 40 ; in 1811,^63 ; in 1821, 54 ; in 1831, 53 ; in 1841, 54 ; and in 1851, 
74 souls. The Village of Netherton is situated on the banks of the 
Wreighburn, four and a half miles east by north of Alwiiiton. I4ere is a 
school under the patronage of Miss Selb-y and the Rev. Thomas Hoggett. 
There is also a post office receiving h»use at Frances Turnbuli's. 

Directory. — Yfilliam and Thomas Dixon, carriers ; William Middlemass, 
auctioneer and overseer; Piobert Oliver, farmer and miller; Robert Simmons, 
carlwriglit and builder ; Thoma.s Simmons, grocer, joiner, and builder ; 
Andrew Tate, farm steward; and P'rances Turnbull, shopkeeper and post- 
mistress. 

Xetherton South Side is an adjoining township to the above, the property 
of William Lynn Smart, Esq., Miss Fen wick and others. Its rateable value 
is £733 iOs.", and its population in 1301, was 51 ; in 1811, 57; in 1891, 
7J ; in 1831, 62 ; in 1841, 74 ; and in 1851, 83 souls. 

Directory. — John Best, blacksmith; W^illiam Brown, stonemason; An- 
drew Carmichael, grazier and farmer; Andrev*- Davidson, farmer and grazier; 
Joseph Davison, stonemason ; and James Turnbuli, vict. and tailor, PJkbiux 
Inn. 

Peals- or Peels tow^nship is situated on the river Coquet, seven and a half 
miles ^vest by north of Rothbury. It is the property of Peixival Clennell, 
Esq., and its rateable value is £902. This township is well situated, and 
the pasturage is excellent. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 38 ; in 
1811, 64; in 1821, 76; in 1834, 57; in 1841, 87; and in 1851, 71 souls. 

Directory. — Matthew Turnbull, blacksmith; Wilham Wardle, game- 
keeper; and the farmers are Andrew Bell, Park House ; Eleanor Crozier, 
Well House ; John Crozier, and overseer, Well House ; Walter Ord, Grange ; 
and Alexander Robertson, Peels. 

Sharpertom is a township situated three miles south-cast of Alwinton, an 
comprises 971 acres, the property of Christopher Clennell, Esq., Mr. James 
Dodds, and the trustees of the Rothbury Grammar School. The rateable 
value is £842, and its population in 1801, was 99 ; in 1811, 74; in 1821, 
107; in 1831, 105; in 1841, 89; and in 1851, 95 souls. 

Directory. — Miss Jane Dodds ; William Clark, woodman, Sheep Banks ; 
and the farmers and graziers are James Dodds, yeoman, Town Head ; William 
Nicholson, Sharperton Edge; John Peary, and overseer; Robert Redhead, 
and William Sproat, Charity Hall, 



624 COQUETDALE WARD— WEST DIVISION. 

HOLYSTONE PAROCHIAL CHAPELRY. 

Holystone is a parochial cliapeliy bounded on the north and east by 
Alwinton parish, and on the west and south by Elsdon parish. It comprises 
the townships of Barrow, Dueshill, Holystone, Harbottle, and Linsheeles, 
whose united area is 19,900 acres, and the population in 180J, was 391 ; 
in 1811, 424; in 1821, 468; in 1831, 462; in 1841, 443; and in 1851, 
436 souls. 

Barrow is a small township situated on the south side of the Coquet, near 
the confluence of the Barrow-burn, three and a half miles W.N.W. of Holy- 
stone. Its area is returned with Linsheeles ; the number of its inhabi- 
tants in 1801, was 19; in 1811, 19; in 1821, 17; in 131, 14; in 1841, 
22; and in 1851, 17 souls. The rateable value is £160, and the sole pro- 
prietor is Walter Selby, Esq. 

Directory. — Thomas Hedley, farmer and miller. 

Dueshill township is situated one mile south by east of Holystone, and is 
the property of Walter Selby, Esq., Sir Walter Pviddell, Percival Clenning, 
Esq., and the trustees of the late Kev. H. Morrow. It contains 2,505 acres: 
its population in 1801, was 32; in 1811, 25; in 1821, 41; in 1831, 
45; in 1841, 36; and in 1851, 28 souls. The rateable value is £452. 
Harehaugh at the southern extremity of this township, is supposed to occupy 
the site of a Saxon camp. 

Directory. — The farmers and graziers are John Bell, Dueshill; Nicholas 
Lowes, Woodhouse ; and John Weatherson, Harehaugh. 

Harbottle is a township and village the property of the Duke of North- 
umberland,Walter Selby, Esq., Percival Clennel, Esq., A. C. Forster, Esq., and 
many small proprietors. The township contains 412 acres, and its rateable 
value is £318 17s. The population in 1801, was 128; in 1811, 152: in 
1821, 181; in 1831, 165; in 1841, 162; and in 1851, 159 souls. The 
tithes were commuted in 1839, aggregate amount £9 2s 9d. The manor 
and castle of Harbottle were given by William the Conqueror, in the tenth 
year of his reign, to Robert de Umfraville, Lord of Tours and Vian, by a 
general grant of the lordship, yalley, and forest of Ridds, or Reedsdale, with 
all the castles, manors, woods, waters, and royal franchises, as they had 
been previously possessed by Mildred, the son of Akman, to hold by grand 
sergeantry. It continued in the possession of the Umfraville family for many 
generations, and we find Gilbert de Umfraville summoned to parliament 
from 1333 to 1381. He died in the latter year and was succeeded by his 
brother Thomas, and afterwards by his nephew, who left an infant son Gilbert, 
during whose minority the Earl of Westmoreland was made governor of Har- 
bottle Castle. This Gilbert, who is called by some writers Earl of Kyme, 
being slain in the French wars, his castle and estates passed to his brother, 
Sir Robert Umfraville, who also djing without issue, the manor became the 
property of Walter de Tailbois, whose successor Sir William de Tailbois, 
having suffered attainder after the battle of Hexham, the estates became 
crown property. They were subsequently granted by Edward IV. to Sir 



!il 



HOLYSTOKE PAKOCHIAL CHAPELRY. 



625 



Kobert Ogle, in consideration of his meritorious services to tliat monarch, who 
not only raised Sir Robert to the peerage, but made him a grant in special 
tail of Reedsdale lordship and Harbottle castle. In the reign of Elizabeth, 
we find this manor again in the possession of the crown. It next became 
the property of a branch of the Widdrington family, and afterwards passed 
to the Gascoignes, and Clennells, with the latter of whom it still remains. 
Percival Clennell, Esq., is the present lord of the manor. 

The Village of Harbottle is situated on the south side of the river Coquet, 
two miles north-west of Holystone. There is a market held here on Tuesdays, 
and a fair for cattle, and linen, woollen, and Scotch cloth is held, on the 
19th of September. Here is an English Presbyterian Chapel erected in 
1756, but in consequence of its dilapidated state it is purposed by the con- 
gregation to erect a new chapel, in the Gothic style, as soon as possible. Rev. 
Samuel Cathcart, minister. A neat school with teacher's residence was 
erected here in 1834, and was endowed by the late Mr William Dixon, of 
Newcastle, a native of this place, with £600, the interest of w^hich now 
amounts to £24 per annum. This sum the teacher receives, on condition of 
his teaching twelve poor children gratuitously. The school will accommodate 
ninety pupils. Alexander and Elizabeth Potts, teachers. 

Harbottle Castle, the seat and property of Percival Clennell, Esq., is 
beautifully situated at the east end of the village, close upon the margin of 
the river Coquet. It is a handsome modern-built mansion, surrounded by 
tastefully ornamented pleasure grounds, and fine plantations. The extensive 
ruins of the old castle stand near the north side of the village, on a bold 
commanding eminence over the river Coquet. The walls of the great tower 
have a most singular appearance, part of them being rent asunder from their 
foundations and overhanging their base, while other parts have slidden in 
large masses half-w^ay down the hill, and fixed themselves deeply in the earth. 
The Widdringtons removed a great portion of this ancient edifice, when they 
were erecting the present manor house, in the construction of which, a great 
quantity of the old materials was used. This old castle was a place of great 
strength in former days, and oftentimes resisted the attacks of the Scots. 
Margaret, daughter of Henry VII., and Queen Dowager of Scotland, resided 
here for some time after her marriage with the Earl of Angus. 



Athy George, joiner and builder 

Athy JoTm, joiner and builder 

Blacklock Robt. vict. and joiner, Foresters' 

Arms 
Cathcart Eev. Samuel (Presbyterian) 
Clennell Percival, Esq., Harbottle Castle 
Common John, cattle dealer 
Pleck Eobert, draper and grocer 
Fraser Hector, gardener, Garden House 
Nesbit Thomas, boot and shoemaker, and 

freeholder 



Pitloh Gideon, vict. brewer and freeholder, 

Star Inn 
Potts Alexander, schoolmaster 
Richardson Francis, M.D. and surgeon 
Ross George, shoemaker 
Ruff Adam, gamekeeper 
Thompson Thomas, tailor, shopkeeper and 

postmaster 
Turnbull George E. tailor, draper, and 

shopkeeper 



Holystone is a township and village giving name to the chapelry in which 
it is situated. The township contains 2,906 acres, the property of Walter 

2 Q 



626 COQUETDALE WABB-— WEST DIVIBION. 

Selby, Esq., Mrs. Davrson, and A. C. Forster, Esq., and its rateable value is 
£512. Its population in 1801, vras 125 ; in 1811, 136; in 1821, 132; in 
1831, 124; m 1841, 125 ; and in 1851, 135 souls. 

The Village of Holystone is situated six miles west l)y nortli of Kotbburj. 
The Chuech is a neat edifice dedicated to St. Mary. The lining, a curacy in 
the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery of Eotlibury, has been united wuth 
that of Alvdnton, since 1311, when Pope Gregory XL in his letters of annexa- 
tion, "assigned as a cause for this junction, the fact of the property of this 
living being very small, and situated in marshy places. Near the church are 
the remains of an ancient Benedictine priory, which was founded by one of 
the Umfravilles, of Harbottle. At the period of the Dissolution this priory 
was possessed of various houses and lands in the village; of farms at Corsen- 
side, Brigghouses, Woodhouses, and Pdsingham in Eeedesdale ; of lands at 
Y\''reighill, a house at Alnwick, lands at Wallingtou, Bavington, Nunriding, 
Thockrmgton, and Rochester, with several houses in Newcastle. It also 
possessed the livings of i\lwinton, Holj^stone, and Corsenside, yet the yearly 
revenues were certified not to exceed £15 3 0s. 8d., arccording to Speed. _ Of 
the monastic buildings few vestiges nov»^ remain. Lady's Well, supposed to 
have belonged to the priory, is a fine basin of water, the bottom of which 
is variegated with a mixture of white and green sand. It was formerly 
enclosed with a hewn freestone wall, part of which is still standing, beautifully 
shaded with trees and shrubs. There is a school here in connection with 
the church, Hemy Newton, teacher. 

Camp Yille, the residence of Augustus C. Forster, Esq., is situated half 
a mile w^est of Holystone. In its vicinity are the rugged and frowning crags 
of Harbottle, as also the celebrated " Drake Stone," and an ancient edifice 
caUed Barrow-peel, with several other remains of antiquity. 

Charity. — William Potts, in 1724, left thuly shillings yearly, for the edu- 
cation of the poor children of this township. 

DiEECTORv. — Augustus C. Foi'stor, Camp Yille ; Margaret Beight, vict. 
Salmon Inn; Yv^illiam Davison, shopkeeper; Thomas Gray, shopkeeper; 
Henry Newton, schoolmaster ; Ann Robson, shopkeeper ; Thomas Ruther- 
ford, boot and shoemaker ; Yalliam Spours, boot and shoemaker ; William 
Storey, blacksmith ; and the farmers are Robert Caverhill (and overseer), 
Wooclhall ; James Davison ; and Joseph Oliver (and miller), Priory. 

LiNSHEELEs is a township in this parish, situated on the south side of the 
Coquet, at the confluence of the Eedleesburn, one mile and a half west of 
Alwinton. Its area, inclusive of Barrow township, is 14,077 acres, and its 
rateable value is £3,147. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 87 ; in 
1811, 92; in 1821, 97; in 1831, 114; in 1841, 98; and in 1851, 97 souls. 
The landowners are Walter Selby, Esq., Ralph Carr, Esq., and William 
Trotter, Esq. 

Directory. — The farmers and graziers are John and Andrew Ord, Lin- 
sheeles ; Thomas Thompson (Michael Thompson and Son), Bygate Hall ; and 
Thomas TurnbuU, Redlees. 

Kidland LoRDSHip is an extra parochial libert}^ situated two miles north 
by west of Alwinton, the property of Sh" Thomas Legard, and comprises an 



KOTHBDBY PARISH. QIWi 

area of 11,S'26 acres, of which the rateablevalue isi61>749. Population in 1801, 
60; in 1811, 54; in 1821, 62 ; in 1831, 69; in 1841, 63: and in 1851, 
61 souls. This is a mountainous district, and the Cheviot breed of sheep are 
found here in their greatest perfection. The principal mountains in and 
about this lordship are Cheviot, Cushit, Flint Crag, Hogdon Law, Maiden 
Cross, Milkhope, Kookland, Shillmoor, &g. The neighbourhood of Kidland 
Lee, on the west side of the Alwine, is the most fertile part of this district, 
though the great majority of the hills are covered with rich verdure. Here 
are the remains of some ancient British entrenchments, and in a romantic 
glen, near the source of the Alwine, the ruins of Memmerkirk are still visible. 
Directory.— The farmers and graziers in this lordship are William Oliver, 
Barrow Burn, and Robert Telfer, Rope. 



ROTHBURY PARISH. J 

;l 

RoTHBURY parish is bounded on the north by Whittingham, on the west 
bvElsdon, on the south by Hartburn, Nether-Vv^itton, and Long Horsley, ancl 
on the east by Edlingham. It is about nine miles in length by the same in 
breadth, and comprises twenty-eight townships, whose united area is 34,798 
acres. The population in 1801, was 2,236; in 1811, 2,428; in 1821, 
2,609; in 1831, 2,869; in 1841, 2,555 ; and in 1851, 2,545 souls. Th% 
soil of this parish exhibits great variety. In some parts ^ve find rich pas- 
tures and fine corn-fields, in others, sterile hills, naked rocks, and bla6k 
heatlis. The famous forest of Rothbury has long since disappeared, and 
mdely scattered farm-houses and cottages occupy its site. The vmole of the 
parish is well watered by the river Coquet, and several smaller stream'8-. 
Whinstone, limestone, ironstone, and coal are found here. ■' ? 

BicKERTON is a township, situated four miles v^est by south of Rothburf, 
the property of Henry Smails, Esq. It contains 505 acres, and its rateable 
value is £382. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 31 ; in 1811, 15 ; 
in 1821, 18 ; in 1831, 26 ; in 1841, 18 ; and in 1851, 20 souls. This town- 
ship occupies a pleasant plain, having a semicircular ridge of moorland on the 
south-east, and Coquet-haughs, with other pastures, on the north and west. 

Directory. — Messrs. George Bolam and Sons, farmers. 

Caistron is a township and hamlet, the property of Henry Smails, Esq., 
and the heirs of the late Lieutenant-General Ord. The township comprises 
an area of 400 acres, and its rateable value is £504. The number of inhabi- 
tants in 1801, was 53 ; in 1811, 60; in 1821, 43; in 1831, 43 ; in 1841, 
54 ; and in 1851, 51 souls. The Hamlet of Caistron is situated four miles 
west of Rothbury. Here is a school which possesses an endowment of £6 
per annum, left, in 1779, by William Hall, for the encouragement of the 
teacher. 

Directory. — Robert Milburne, schoolmaster ; George Storey, farmer ; and 
Joseph Witherson, farm-steward, '- 

Cartington is a township and hamlet, containing 1,912 acres, the property 
of Mr Tower, and — Fenwdck, Esq. The rateable value of the township is 



6'28 COQUETDALE WARD— WEST DIVISION. 

£1,014 13s. 4d., and its population in 180], was 96 ; in 1811, 83'; in ifel, 
79; in 1831, 93; in 1841, 66; and in 1851, 102 souls. Limestone of 
excellent quality is found here. This manor was formerly the property of a 
family that bore the local name, and from whom it passed to the Radcliffes. 
It was subsequently held by the Widdringtons, and the Talbots, coming ulti- 
mately into the possession of the present proprietors. The Hamlet of Car- 
tington is about two and a half miles north-west by north of Rothbury. Here 
are the ruins of an ancient castle, but when, or by whom it was erected, is 
alike unknown. 

Directory. — George Crawford, farmer, Cartington ; George Crawford, 
farmer, Whittle ; John Robson, stonemason and freeholder ; George Ste- 
phenson, farmer and overseer, Bank Head; and James Wilson, farmer, 
Sandj^lands. 

Debdon is a township one mile and three quarters north of Rothbuiy. 
It contained in 1801, 16 ; in 1811, 16 ; in 1821, 18 ; in 1831, 14 ; in 1841, 
13 ; and in 1851, 16 inhabitants. The rateable value is £75, and the Duke 
of Northumberland is proprietor. This township includes the northern 
portion of Rothbury Forest, and contains an excellent chalybeate spring, the 
waters of which are considered to be very efficacious in scorbutic diseases. 

Directory. — Matthew Scott, farmer. 

Fallowlees, a township, the property of Sir Walter Trevelyan, Bart., is 
situated on the north side of the Roughless-burn, five and a half miles S.S.W. 
of R^othbury. Its area is 1,547 acres, audits rateable value £260. The popu- 
lation in 1801, was 13; in 1811, 9; in 1821, 3; in 1831, 8; in 1841, 7; 
and in 1851, 4 souls. 

Flotterton, a township situated five and a half miles west by north of 
Rothbury, is the property of Mrs. Weallens and Lord Ravensworth. Its 
population in 1801, was 75 ; in 1811, 115 ; in 1821, 92 ; in 1831, 95 ; in 
1841, 64; and in 1851, 77 souls. It contains 768 acres, and its rateable 
value is £753. This township was formerly the property of the celebrated 
family of Umfraville, and the soil is a good strong loam. Flotterton House, 
the seat and property of Mrs. Weallens, is situated on the northern bank 
of the Coquet. 

Directory. — WilHam Armston, gardener ; Thomas Pallister, farmer, 
Plainfield ; John Scott, steward ; and Mrs. Wealleans, land proprietor, Flot- 
terton House. 

Hepple is a township and hamlet in Rothbury parish, the property of Sir 
Walter B. Riddell, Esq. The township contains 3,874 acres, and its rateable 
value is £718. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 58; in 1811, 
102; in 1821, 111; in 1831, 101; in 1841, 61; and in 1851, 28 souls. 
The West Farm House is delightfully situated on an eminence north of the river 
Coquet, overlooking a handsome valley. The Hamlet of Hepple is four and 
a half miles west of Rothbury. 

Directory. — John Gray, farmer. Middle Hepple ; James Harvey, farmer 
and overseer, West Hepple ; John Spour, woodman ; and John Wilson, lime 
merchant. 



ROTHBURT PARISH. 629 

Hepple Deiviesne, a townsliip in this parish, is situated five miles west of 
Rothbuiy. Its area is 1,534 acres, and its rateable value £410. Popula- 
tion in 1801, 22; in 1811, 52 ; in 1821, 45 ; in 1831, 59 ; in 1841, 23 ; and 
in 1851, 26 souls. From many concurring circumstances in history, there is 
reason to infer that the village of Hepple was part of the demesnes of Ceol- 
wolf, the last Earl of Northumberland, under William the Norman. William, 
on his return from Scotland, deprived Cospatric of the earldom, and bestowed 
it on Waltheof, who was now become a great favourite, and to whom, he gave 
his neice Judith in marriage, anno 1073. In the following year a conspiracy 
was formed by many of the principal Normans, who prevailed on Waltheof 
to take part in it at a feast, when they all became intoxicated. When rest 
had dispelled the fumes of liquor, it was seen in a very different light by 
the unhappy Waltheof, who became restless and pensive. At length, to. 
relieve his loaded heart, he communicated the affair to his wife, of whose 
fidelity he had no doubt; but the faithless Judith, whose affections were 
fixed on Ivo Tailbois, Baron of Kendal, glad of an opportunity of ruining her 
husband, sent a trusty messenger into Normandy to reveal the plot to her 
uncle, and aggravated the gnilt of her husband, who was afterwards con- 
demned and executed. She then became the wife of Ivo Tailbois.* 

In the reign of Henry I, the Tailbois family were seised of the barony of 
Hepple, cum membris suis, but subsequently, it would appear, the name of 

* Ivo Tailbois was brother of the Earl of Anjou. The following is his descent from 
Charlemagne. — 800. 

Pepin, King of Italy. 

Bernard.— 818. 

Pepin, Lord of Perone and St. Quentin. 

Herbert L— 902. 

Herbert II. Count de Vermandois. — 943. 

Robert, Count de Troyes. 

t ' 

Adelais . . . . = Geoffrey, Earl of Anjou. — 987. 

I- 

Fulco II. the Blaisk Earl of Anjou. 

r ' 

Ermangardi . . . . = Geoffrey, Count de Gastinois. 



Fulco IV. Earl of Anjou.— HOG. Ivo Tailbois.— 1114. 

Geofirey Piantagenet. , William Tailbois de Heppale. 

Henry II. King of England.— 1189. Sir Robert de Heppale, Knight. 

This old Baron is the proUfic 
root of a numei-ons posterity, his descendants amounting to several thousands, including 
some hundreds of the most ancient and noble famihes, having been ti'aced out and found 
seated in every part of the United Kingdom. 



C^Ofi COQUETDALE WAED WEST DIVISION. 

T^ilbojs w^ dropped, and that of De Heppale assumed — a custom then common 
on the acquisition by a cadet of territorial property, sufficient to become the 
foundation of an independent family. Connected with the Tailbois family by 
matrimonial ties, were the Kurtenays and the De Battermunds, or De Bande- 
ments (in modern orthography, Courfcenay and Bateman), who for some time 
held lands here. The barony was of great extent, comprising at the same 
time Great Tossou, Little Tosson, Bickerton, Warton, Flotterton, Newton, 
Fallowlees, Nether Trewitt, and Over Trewitt. 

,The Hepples were seised of the barony till, by the marriage, in 1331, of Sir 
Bpbert Ogle with Annabella, daughter and heiress of Sir Robert de Heppale, 
knight, it came into the possession of the Ogles, in whose family it continued 
till the reign of Charles I, when it passed with Catherine, Baroness Ogle, to 
Sir- Charles Cavendish, of Welbeck, father of the first Duke of Newcastle, 
celebrated in the civil wars as " the soul of the royal cause in the north." 
He contributed 10,000 men and a troop of horse to the king's expedition 
against the Scots, and according to a calculation of the Duchess, was plundered 
and injured to the extent of £733,579. The grand-daughter of the Duke, 
the Lady Margaret Cavendish, marrying John Holies, Earl of Clare, carried 
the barony of Hepple into that family. The Earl leaving only an heiress, the 
Lady Henrietta, it passed ^vith her to Edward Harley, Earl of Oxford and 
Mortimer, and founder of the Harleian Library. It then came into the hands 
of the Bentinck family, by the marriage, in 1734, of the second Duke of Port- 
"i-and. with the Lady Margaret Cavendish Harley, only daughter and heiress of 
the Earl of O.xford. It is nov»^ the property of Sir Walter Buchanan Eiddell, 
Bart., into whose family it came in 1803, by purchase from the late Duke of 
Portland. 

Hepple Castle is built on the north side of the river Coquet, about four 
miles west from Rothbary, and near the boundary of the parish. It stands 
in a secluded but picturesque situation, overlooked by a broken ascent of bold, 
romantic, heather-clad hills, rising one above another. At present it is in the 
last stage of dilapidation. x\bout half a century ago, the exterior w^alls of a 
strong and stately tower were still standing, tolerably entire, and which had 
probably been the manor-house of the proprietors of Hepple, as it is said the 
court-leet of Hepple lordship was held here in former times, until the castle, 
being ruined by the Scots, was totalhr abandoned by the lord, who removed his 
court to G-reat Tosson, where the tenants of Hepple and the demesne annually 
convene to this day. In erecting a few farmsteads, an effort was made to demolish 
the remaining fragments of this strong tower ; but the attempt, after repeated 
trials, was relinquished by the workmen, who found it easier to cut stones 
from the hardest" quarrj'- than to separate these from the cement. This castle 
vras probably the firs u of the chain of forts which extended from thence to 
Warkworth, and which was intended to form a barrier against the incessant 
and destructive incursions of the warhke borderers. Upon a fine summit 
called the Kirk Hill, about half a mile west of Hepple, stood a chapel, the 
remains of which were removed about the year 1760. In the chancel the 
fragment of a tomb-stone, with its supporters, was discovered, and what is 



nOTHBURY PARISH. G31 

cmious, was standing in a north and south direction. This monument was 
much defaced, and it was with extreme difficuUj that the foUowing parts of 
the inscription were deciphered : — 



Here lies ...... Countess of . . . 

who ciied her a.^e 



I lov'cl my lord, obey'd my king, 

And kept ray conscience clear, 
Which Death disarmeth of liis sting, 

And Christians rdl endear. 

My puissant posterity 

Still the forlorn'd befriend; 
Peace, pleasure, and prosperity 

My tenantry attend. 

Farewell survivors in the gross ! 

Yfhen you behold my bust, 
Lament your late liege lady's loss, 

Then blending with the dust. 

An old dirge states her to have been the very mirror of meekness, affable 
to every one, and consequently idolised by all. She is also represented as 
having been a heroine on horseback, unrivalled in the chase, and warmly 
devoted to athletic exercises ; but, above all, she is praised for relieving the 
oppressed. Previous to her death, she composed her own epitaph, but the 
words of this doleful ditty, vdiich consisted of seven stanzas, are, it is to be 
feared, for ever lost. 

About a hundred paces west of the site of this chapel, are the traces of 
several buildings, where Old Hepple formerly stood. It is said to have been 
destroyed by the border wars. At a short distance to the north-west of Hepple 
is a British entrenched stronghold called Hetchester. The interior length of 
the entrenchment is 140 yards, and the breadth 90 yards ; the breadth of the 
inner ditch is 18 feet, and of the exterior ditch 15 feet ; each of the ram piers 
is 15 feet in height and 6 feet in breadth. The hill being very steep and 
difficult of access on the north-west side, the fort has had but two ditches in 
that part. Most of the intrenchments have been levelled, and it is only on 
the north-west side that they remain in any degree of good preservation. The 
foundations of the ancient buildings are very perceptible within the entrencli- 
rnent ; but all traces of this remarkable castramentation will soon be obliterated, 
as excavations for lime are proceeding in the heart of the works. On the 
opposite side of the Coquet is the military station called Harchaugh. West 
of Hepple, and near the site of the old chapel, a number of urns have been 
found. Hetchester, as its name imports, was, in subsequent times, occupied 
by the Romans. 

The barony of Hepple forms part of a grazing district, abounding with 
beautiful sheepwalks, which were formerly the scene of constant theft and 



633 COQUETDALE WARD — WEST DIVISION. 

spuilzie, and were occupied with, little profit. This state of " rief and felonie" 
is well described in a border ballad : — 

BooMiope stands in a pleasant place, 

If the false thieves wad let it be ; 
But away they steal our goods apace, 

And ever an ill death may they dee. 

Ah me ! is not this a pitiful case. 

That men dare not drive their goods to the fell, 

But limmer thieves drive them away. 
That fear neither heaven nor hell ? 

Then in at Ilookhope Head they come, 

They run the forest hut a mile ; 
They gather'd together in four hours, 

Six hundred sheep within a while. 

But such is the altered state of things in consequence of the security now 
afforded by law and order, that a tract of land in the same district (Kidland 
Lordship, the property of Sir Thomas Legard, Bart.) which, in 1631, was 
let for only £5 a year, was, in 1731, let for £400, and since the commence- 
ment of the present century, for £3,000 per annum. In this locality the 
Cheviot breed of sheep are found in their full perfection ; the sweet green 
herbage on which they pasture seems to be peculiarly favourable for breeding 
this useful and beautiful race of animals. 

Hepple was the native place of the renowned Robert Snowdon, who, in the 
sixteenth year of his age, fought and slew John Grieves, a celebrated Scotch 
champion, in a pitched battle with small swords, at Gamblepath, on the 
borders. This occurred some time before the Union. Snowdon had a black 
horse which he valued greatly. It was stolen one night, when he, accom- 
panied by two friends, pursued the thief to the Scottish border, where, from a 
wretched hovel, his voice was answered by the neighing of his favourite, on 
which the unsuspecting Snowdon dismounted and rushed into the house ; but 
while in the act of unloosing his horse, he was run through the body by a 
concealed assassin. 

Hepple was also the birth-place of Mable Snowdon, who belonged to the same 
family as the above renowned swordsman. She was the wife of John Cough- 
ron (Scotice Cochran), and mother of the admirable George Coughron, who 
was born at the adjoining village of Wreighill, on the 24th August, 175Q. 
This prodigy of genius, had he lived, would have been a star of the first 
magnitude. He excelled all his competitors in the mathematical sciences, 
and soared above the reach of the hoary headed philosopher. As a poet also 
he bid fair to have attained pre-eminence. The attachment of this wonder- 
ful youth to books appeared at a very early age. At night his lamp frequently 
burned out when conversing with the immortal Euclid, Newton, Simpson, 
Emerson, Maclaurin, and others, with whose grand principles he became 
intimately acquainted. His perseverance was perhaps unequalled, but his 
progress supported his spirits, and he always returned to the spade or the 
plough with the greatest cheerfulness. During his brief career he had ob- 



ROTHBUEY PAEISH.^ 633 

tained no fewer than ten prizes for answering questions in fluxions alone. 
He challenged all the mathematicians of his time to answer the prize question 
in the Gentleman's Diary for 177*2, which was not accepted, and the solution 
was given by himself. This fact alone established his superiority in the 
mathematical sciences. Previous to his death, occasioned by the small pox, 
whichhappened at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, the 10th Jan., 1774, he wasengagedon 
very liberal terms, by Dr. Maskelyne, astronomer royal, to be his calculator. A 
bright path to the temple of fame was opened to him, and the muses had 
woven for him a wreath of immortality; but his mighty soul, too great for this 
world, burst its clay prison, and soared aloft to brighter scenes and nobler 
pursuits. 

DiEECTOEY. — Peter Carr & Sons, blacksmiths and agricultural implement 
makers ; John Clark, joiner and cartwright ; Mary Elliott, farmer, Old Tower; 
and George Grey, farmer. White Field. 

:- HesleyHuest township is situated three and a half miles S. S. E. of Roth- 
bury. It contains 659 acres, the property of the Duke of Northumberland, audits 
rateable value is £309. Population in 1801, 57 ; in 1811, 41 ; in 1821, 46; 
in 1831, 40; in 1841, 36; and in 1851, 47 souls. This township abounds 
in coal and hme stone, and is grazed by Mr. Liddell of the Lee. 

HoLLiNGHiLL towuship is the property of the Duke of Northumberland, 
and is situated four miles south by west of Rothbury. It contains 5,264 
acres, and the number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 127; in 1811, 124; 
in 1821, 130; in 1831, 109; in 1841, 114; and in 1851, 111 souls. 



Hudson Thos. schoolmaster and overseer 
Pyle Grace, vict. Crown and Thistle 
Pyle Thomas, blacksmith 

Farmers 



Craigald Thomas, The Hut 
Nichol Greorge, Blagdon Burn 
Shillinglow Edward, Cold Side 
Spearman Gideon and Eobert (and yeo- 
men), Newbiggin 



CaiT Eobertj Moral Hurst [ Young John and Kobert, Holhnghill 

Lee Ward, a township containing 1 ,793 acres, is situated three miles 
S. S. E. of Rothbury, and its rateable value is £575. The population in 1801, 
was 92; in 1811, 111; in 1821,93; in 1831, 103; in 1841,91; and in 
1851, 92 souls. Principal proprietor the Duke of Northumberland. The 
soil is principally light, and there is a large quantity of moorland on the north 
side. Here is a school in connection with the Rothbury Grammar School, 
and receives £5 per annum from the same endowment. The school and 
a cottage for the master, together with about fourteen acres of land, are given 
by the Duke of Northumberland, for which some of the poor children are 
taught free. 

DiEECTOEY. — Anthony Hutchinson, schoolmaster ; Joseph Nicholson, 
joiner ; and the farmers are John Liddell, (and overseer), The Lee ; Edward 
Potts, Crook ; and John Redhead, Brockley Hall. 

Mount Healy is a township two and a half miles S. S. E. of Rothbury. 
It comprises an area of 442 acres, the property of the Duke of Northumber- 
land, and its rateable value is £270 19s. Od. It contained in 1801, 24; in 

» Q 2 



634 COQUETDALE WAEP— WEST DIVISION. 

1811, 50; in 1821, 88; iu 1831, 47; in 1841, 36; and in 1851, 50 in- 
habitants. There are two corn mills in this township. 

Directory. — James Richardson, miller and farmer. Little Mill ; Joshua 
Tenant, miller, Thrum Mill. 

Newtqn township, the property of the Duke of Northumberland, is 
situated one mile W. S. W. of Rothburj. Its area comprises 951 acres, and 
its rateable value is £595. Population in 1801, 28 ;' in 1811, 42 ; in 1821, 
56; in 1831, 55; in 1841, 57; and in 1851,51 souls. This township 
occupies the northern declivity of a ridge of rocks, where the streams of 
Cowett Weils unite, and after dashing down the rocky steep, and passing 
Tosson Mill, are lost in the Coquet. The Carterside estate is situated on 
the east side of tbis township. 

Directory. — The farmers are James Howey, Carterside ; Robert Nevins ; 
and William Thompson, West Newton. 

Paperhaugh is a township and hamlet, the property of the Duke of 
Northumberland. The tovy-nsbip contains 986 acres, and its rateable value is 
^560. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was -76 ; in 1811, 58; in 1821, 
80; in 183 J, 79; in 1841, 52; and in 1851, 70 souls. A few years ago 
while making some excavations on a farm in this township, several ancient 
graves were discovered. 

Directory. — James Armstrong, farmer ; Joseph Armstroug, blacksmith ; 
William Murray, road surveyor ; Walliam Potts, farmer, Thorneyhaugh ; 
and Robert Storer, farmer, High Healey. 

PvAW township, the property of the Duke of Northumberland, is situated 
three miles south-east of Rothbury. It comprises an area of 690 acres, and 
its rateable value is £481 5s. Od. The population in 1801, vv-as 54 ; in 1811, 
58 ; in 182J, 51; in 1831, 49; in 1841, 38; and in 1851, 38 souls. Here 
is a coal mine vvorked by Messrs. George and Henry Bonner. 

Directory - — Jj^hn Aynslej,.. farmer, Butter Kuowes ; George and Henry 
Bonner, farmers, colliery^owners, and lime burners ; George Baston, wood- 
man ; — Carmichael, farmer, West Raw; and John Jackson, shopkeeper. 

THE TOWN OF ROTHBURY. 

Rothbury is a township and market town in the parish of the sa,me name, 
comprising an area of 4,923 acres, of which the rateable value is £2,410 7s. 6d. 
The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 668; in 1811, 768; in 1821, 
891; in 1831; 1,014 ; in 1841, 881; and 1851, 895 souls. Lord of the 
manor, the Duke of Northumberland. Subsequent to the Conquest, Roth- 
bury was a large manor, and though it had the the manors of Thropton and 
Siucher annexed, yet, of itself, it formed a member of the barony of Wark- 
worth. Robert Fitz Roger was infeoffed by King John, of the manor of 
Rothbury, which at that period was the property of Robert de Cramaville. 
The same monarch also granted a charter by which liberty was given to hold 
a market here every Tuesday, and also an annual fair, commencing on the 
feast of St. jMatthew, and to contine for three days, with all the rights, duties, 



THE TOWN OP ROTHBUEY. 6B5 

customs, tolls, &c. belonging to a fair, and also a free forest, with all liberties, 
franchises and privileges. In consequence of the failure of heirs male, this manor 
reverted to the crown, and in the reign of Edward III., it was granted by 
that monarch to Henry Percy and his heirs, with whom it continued till the 
attainder of Henry, Earl of Northumberland, in the reign of Edward IV., 
when it was given to Sir Robert, afterwards Lord Ogle, to hold for his life, after 
which it again became the property of the Percies ; but, though the Duke of 
Northumberland is lord of the manor, he possesses very little property in the 
town, and claims only one-sixteenth part of the common. There are many 
small enclosures of fine productive land, which once belonged to the common, 
on the east side of tlie town. The right of these was resigned by the lord of 
the manor, in lieu of a right of pasture in Rothbury Forest, held by common. 

The Town of Rothbury is delightfully situated in a sequestered and 
romantic glen, sheltered by a lofty ridge of rocks, on the north side of the 
river Coquet, which is here crossed by an excellent stone bridge of four arches. 
It is distant twelve miles south-west from Alnwick, and fifteen miles north-west 
from Morpeth. A small market is held here on Fridays, and fairs for horned 
cattle, linen and wollen cloth, on the Friday in Easter- week, Whit-Monday, 
October 2nd, and All-Saints' Day. 

The Chuech, dedicated to All-Saints, is a handsome edifice, in the early 
English style of architecture, erected, upon the site of the ancient church, in 
the year 1850, at a cost of £3,000, and consists of a nave, ch?mcel, aisles, and 
a square embattled tower. The nave is spacious and lofty, and is furnished 
Vvith low open seats or benches, containing 700 free sittings. The font is a 
handsome stone structure bearing the date 1664, but the pedestal, which is 
ornamented with carved niches, and figures, appears to be mAich older. The 
living, a rectory in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery of Rothbury, 
is valued in the Liber P.egis at £58 6s. 8d. ; gross income, £1,133. Patron, 
the Bishop of Carlisle ; rector, Rev. C. G. Harcourt ; curate, Rev. 
Thomas B. Simpson. 

The Independents have a commodious chapel here in connexion with the 
Durham and Northumberland Association of Congregational Churches and 
Ministers. It was erected in 18-43, and will accommodate about 300 persons. 
There is a school attached to this chapel. 

Rothbury Geammae School, situated near the church, was founded in 
accordance with the will of the Rev. J. Tomliuson, in 1719, and further 
endowed by the will of George Fletcher, in 1710. The Archdeacon of 
Northumberland, and the Rectors of Rothbury and Elsdon are the patrons, 
and have the right of appointing the master, who is bound to instruct all the 
boys of the parish, who apply, in rea,ding, writing, and accounts, and the 
rudiments of Latin and Greek, when required. — Rev. F. Bainbridge, head 
master. 

RoTHBUEY GiELs' ScHooL is Supported from the charities of Tomliuson 
and others, and the mistress is bound to teach as many girls of the parish 
as appljr, reading, writing, and accounts, free, but they pay for instruction in 
needlework. 



636 COQDETDALE WARD — WEST DIVISION. 

The Mechanics' Institution was established in 1850, and its library now 
contains about 400 volumes, on general histoiy, science, &c. The Rector of 
Eothbury is president of this institution ; the Rev. F. Bainbridge, treasurer ; 
and Mr. Robert Graham, secretary and librarian. 

The Rothbury Poor Law Union comprises 71 parishes and townships, 
embracing an area of 159,168 acres, and its population, in 1851, was 7,431 
souls. The parishes, or townships, are Alnham, Al win ton, Barrow, Bickerton, 
Biddleston, Brinkburn (High), Brinkburn (Low), Brinkburn (South), 
Burrowden, Caistron, Callaley and Yetlington, Gartington, Clennell, Coatyards, 
Debdon, Dueshill, Elsdon, Ewesley, Fallowlees, Fairhaugh, Fairnley, Farn- 
ham, Flotterton, G-reen Leighton, Harbottle, Hartington, Hartington Hall, 
Harwood, Healey and Combhill, Hepple, Hepple Demesne, Hesley Hurst, 
Hollinghill, Holystone, Kidlaud, Lee Ward, Linbridge, Linsheeles, Long 
Framlington, Lorbottle, Monkridge, Mount Healey, Netherton (North), 
Netherton (South), Newton, Nunnykirk, Paperhaugh, Peels, Prendwick, 
Raw, Ritton Colt Park, Ritton White House, Rothbury, Rothley, Ryle 
(Great), Ryle (Little), Screnwood, Sharperton, Snitter, Thropton, Todburn, 
Tosson (Great), Tosson (Little), Trewhitt, Unthank, Warton, Whittingham, 
Whitton, Wingates, Woodside, and Wreighill. 

The Union Workhouse is situated here. Robert Graham, governor 
of the workhouse and parish clerk. 

Old Rothbury occupies the summit of a lofty hill, north-west of the 
present town, and seems to have been, at one time, strongly entrenched. 

Charities. — The Rev. John Tomlinson, rector of Rothbury, by his will, 
bearing date 1 2th February, 1719-20, gave to the rector and churchwardens 
of Rothbury and their successors, the lease lately purchased by him of John 
Fergy, of Todhills, and the estate which he had lately purchased of William 
Potts, in Harbottle, in the parish of Alwinton, and also the estate which he 
had lately purchased of George Burn, in Sharperton ; and he directed that 
the yearly rents and profits of the said estates should be laid out in binding 
to trades and sending to the University such of the poor boys as they 
and the four and twenty should think deserving, and also in relie^dng poor 
housekeepers ; he also gave to the churchwardens and four and twenty, and 
their successors, a rent charge of £20 per annum, issuing out of lands 
lying at Bickerton, lately bought by him of John Snow'don ; and also the 
lease of a housestead which he held at Rothbury, of the Duke and Duchess 
of Somerset, with the house he had erected thereon, for a schoolmaster, and 
a school to teach the children in, and also £20 to finish the said schoolhouse, 
and he directed that £14 per annum and the house to live in, should go to the 
head master, and £6 per annum to the under master ; that the head master 
should be appointed after the decease of his executors, by the Archdeacon of 
Northumberland, the Rector of Rothbury, and the Rector of Elsdon, for the 
time being, respectively ; and that such schoolmaster and under master 
should, in consideration of the salaries and other conveniences before-mentioned, 
teach gratis all such children within the said parish as should be sent to 



THE TOWN OF EOTHBURY. 



637 



scliool for that purpose, to read and to understand the English, Latin, and 
Greek tongues, and to write, cast accounts, and the church catechism. He 
also gave to his executors thereafter mentioned, and their heirs, for ever, all 
his houses and lands in Alnwick, and all the estates lately purchased by him 
of the said William Potts, in Sharperton, with full power to sell and dispose 
of the same, and apply the money to charitable uses, according to their 
discretion. George Fletcher, who died in 1710, left a rent charge of £6 to the 
Grammar School of Kothbury, and William Hall, in 1779, gave to the ministers 
and churchwardens of Rothbury £120 on trust, to pay the same to the master 
of Caistren School, for teaching the poor children of the several townships or 
villages of Caistron, Wreighill, Hepple, Flotterton, Warton, and Bickerton, to 
read Enghsh. 

Henderson Ellen, milliner 

Hopper John, relieving officer and registrar 

of births, marriages, and deaths, for the 

Eothbury Union 
Hudson Joseph, blacksmith 
Humble George, boot and shoemaker 
Humble Mary, shopkeeper 
Hunter George, saddler and harness maker 
Hunter William, shoemaker 
Lawson William, vict, Three Half Moons 
Mackey James, tailor 
Mavin Robert, hairdresser 
Mitchison Hannah, vict. Turk^s Head 
Moir Rev. David, (Independent) 
Murray — , draper and grocer 
Murray William, watch and clockmaker 
Nichol Mary, milliner 
Potts David, baker and flour dealer 
Potts William Henry, surgeon 
Robinson Elizabeth, shopkeeper 
Ronaldson James T. agent, Rothbury 

Brewery 
Scott Matthew, vict. and farmer, Black 

Bull 
Selby George, boot and shoemaker 
Selby Mary, bonnet maker 
Simpson Rev. Thomas Burne, M.A. curate 
Shotton William, farmer 
Shotton Thomas and John, saddlers 
Shotton Isabella, vict. Blue Bell 
Smith James, vict. and weavei', Rifleman 
Snowden John, shopkeeper 
Storey Edward, freeholder, Knoglow 
Storey George & Co. brewers, malsters, and 

spirit merchants, Rothbury Brewery 
Storey James, draper and grocer 
Storey John, blacksmith and horse-shoer 
Storey John, freeholder, Blue Knox 
Summers Eustace C. surgeon 
Thompson Robert, chemist and druggist 
Temple Ephraim, clerk 
Todd Mary, day scliool 



Anderson Alexander 

Bainbridge Eev.T.head-master, Grmr-Schl 
Bolam Eleanor, board and lodgings, Pros- 
pect-place 
Bonner George, farmer and coalowner, 

Path Head 
Brown Gilbert, saddler and harness maker 
Burn John, boot and shoemaker 
Carmicbael Wm. farmer. Crag End 
Cocks Robt. superintendent constable for 

the west division of Coquetdale Ward 
Common IMiss Rachel 
Crawford M. John 
Curamings John, butcher 
Cummings Thomas, butcher and vict. Star 

Inn 
Davy William, draper and grocer 
Davy Willi am, joiner and cartwright 
Davy William, cooper 
Davison James, shopkeeper 
Davison John, draper and grocer 
Dickson Archibald, cooper 
Dickson Elizabeth, shopkeeper 
Dixon Mrs. Jane 

Dixon Henry, black and whitesmith 
Dores Thomas, vict. and slater, (Queen's 

Head Inn 
Dores Mr. Robert 
Douglas Catherine, shopkeeper 
Elsdon Henry, joiner and builder 
Elsdon Thos. joiner and cartwright 
Farrage Robert, chemist and druggist, and 

postmaster 
Farrage John, boot and shoemaker 
Fife WilHam, Esq. 
t-^rater David, joiner and cartwright 
Hay Robert, baker and flour dealer 
Graham Robert, governor of the workhouse, 

and parish clerk 
Hall William, joiner 
Hedley W^m. tin-plate worker 
Henderson William, stonemason & builder 



638 



COQUETDALE TrAKD Vv'EST DIVISION . 



Todd Jolan, surgeon and medical attendant 

for the workhonse 
Turner William, vie t. and joiner, Sun 
Watson John, sexton 



Watson Thomas, boot and shoemaker 
Watson William, plumber and glazier 
White and Hall, ^voollen manufacturers, 

Debdon Fulling Zulill 
Young Alexander 



Caeriee to Newcastle. — Walter Samsay, on Wednesday 

Snitter is a to^ynship and viJlage the property of the Duke of Xorthum- 
beiiand, Andrew Gillon, Esq., Matthew Bell, Esq., Mr. Thomas Ord, and 
several freeholders. There are many townships which still pay a quit rent to 
this, viz :— Little Tosson six shilhngs, Warton thirteen shilliugs and four- 
pence. Plane Field Farm, six shillings and eightpence. Camp Ville, in Holy- 
stone, twenty shillings, with other places. The Duke of Xorthumberland is 
lord of the manor. The area of the to^vnship is 1,083 acres, and its rateable 
value £1,325 10s. Population in 1801, 173, in 1811, 158; in 1821, 160; 
in 1831, 165; in 1841, 163; and in 1851, 173 souls. The Village of 
Snitter is situated three miles north-west by west of Piothbury. Here is a 
school in' connexion with the Rothbury Grammar School, and receives £5 per 
annum from the same charities. 



Armstrong Andrew, shopkeeper 
Amery Ann, shopkeeper 
Brown John, vict. Blue Bell 
Lisle George, shopkeeper 
Mennum James, xict. Half Moon 
Orpeth Eobert, miller, Snitter Mill 
Pacalton James, schoolmaster 
Tithe Mary, shopkeeper 



Witherson Eobert, tailor 

rarmers 
Liddell James, and overseer 
Ord Thomas, and yeoman 
Pringle Edward, and veoman 
Eedhead WiUiam 
Storey Matthew, and yeoman, Snitter Lane 



J 



Thropton is a township and village comprising 827 acres, and its rateable 
value is£l,394 16s. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 118; in 1811, 
148; in 18-2], 158; in 1831, 218; in 1841, 257; and in 1851, 218 souls. 
The Village of Thropton is situated near the confluence of the Snitter- 
burn and the Coquet two miles west by north of Rothbury. Here is a very 
neat Catholic Church dedicated to All Saints. It was enlarged in 1842 by 
the Rev. Dr. Corless, and is now a fine commodious structure. Rev. James 
Hubbersty, priest. There is a school attached to this chnrch. The English 
Presbyterians have a commodious chapel here, which was erected in 1799, and 
will acconnnodate about 300 persons. Rev. David S. Fergus, minister. 



Clark John, tailor 

Common Catherine, shopkeeper 

Crow Mr.Wilham 

Dixon Alice, shopkeeper 

Dodds Mrs. Alice 

Douglas John, butcher 

Douglas William, shopkeeper 

Fergus Eev. David S. (Presbyterian) 

Forster Jane, shopkeeper 

Hodgson James, shox)keeper 



Hubbersty Eev. James (Catholic) 
Hunter John, boot and shoemaker 
Moore Nicholas, shopkeeper 
Mowitt — grocer and draper 
Paulin George, millwright 
Eiddell Mrs. Dorothy 
Eiddell John, cattle dealer 
Eiddell William, vict. and farmer, 

Wheat Sheafs 
Eobsoa Andrew, joiner 



Three 



THE TOWN OF EOTHBURY. 



639 



Selbv George, butcher 
Selby Mr. William 
Smith George, schoolmaster 
Storey YvilHam, tailor 
Watson William, tailor 
Wintrip Enbert, cartwright 
W^ood Thomas, blacksmith 



Farmers 

Bell William, and yeoman 

Black Ralph 

Dixon William and John, and overseers, 

Westfield House 
Green Robert, and yeoman 



CApaiiEEs. — William Douglas, to Newcastle, on Wednesday; and James Hodgson, to 
Alnwick, on Saturday. 



Tossox (Great) and Ryehill form a township and hamlet comprising 
an area of 2,760 acres, the property of WiUiam Ord, Esq., Captain Iklerton, 
the Rev. Mr. He wit, and others. The rateable value is .£1,078, and its 
poj)ulation in 1801, was 150 ; in 18.11, 119; in 1821, 159 : in 1831, 195 ; 
inl84J, 178; and in 1851, 138 souls. The Hamlet of Great Tosson is 
situated one mile and three-quarters W.S.W. of Rotlibury, and appears to have 
been a much larger place iii former times. Here is a cower ol considerable 
antiquity, and a Roman camp the entrenchments of which are still visible. 
Ryehill, in this township, consists of two farms, which occupy an eminence 
commanding a rich and varied prospect of the surrounding country. iVt 
Great Tosson there is a woollen manufactory, a corn mill, and some excellent 
limestone quarries. 

DiEECTORY. — John Ashton, woollen manufacturer ; John Carr, blacksmith 
and farmer ; Thomas Rutherford, farm-steward ; John^ and ,\Yi^li£'^i^l, JwJi- 
..nah, corn millers and farmers ; and the farmers are Jolm Hall, Tolvershield, 



T^icholas and William Moor, Ryehill, and George TurnbuU, Great Tosson. 

Tosson (Little) township is situated two and a half miles west of Rothbury. 
It contains 518 acres, the property of Percival Clennell, Esq., and the rateable 
value is £473. Population in 1801, 34; in 1811, 27; in 1821, 36; in 
1831, 29; in 1841, 31; and in 1851, 30 souls. It is in the occupancy of 
Joseph Howey, farmer. 

Teewhitt (High and Low) form a township containing 1,C63 acres. 
The principal proprietors are Adam Atkinson, Esq., Andrew Giilou, Esq., 
and William Lynn Smart, Esq. The rateable value is £1,680 Os., and the 
population in 1801, was 94; in 1811, 110; in 1821, 117; in 1831, 137; 
in 1841, 130 ; and in 1851, 1 16 souls. The soil in this towuiship is principally 
a strong clay, though in some places it is a deep loam. It was formerly crossed 
by a Roman road vestiges of which are still visible. The late Mr. Smart 
traced its course from this township to Cumberland. The two hamlets of 
High and Low Trewhitt. are situated about four miles north-west of Roth- 
bury. Teew^hitt LIouse is in the vicinity of High Trewhitt, and is at 
present occupied by a steward. This tow^nship was lormerly the property of 
the Widdringtons, and was afterwards possessed by the Claverings. 

Dieectoey. — John C. Bolam, farmer; James Brown, farmer and overseer, 
Hioh Trewhitt ; George Carr, blacksmith and agricultural implement maker ; 

and John Swan, joiner and cart- 



George Jennison, farmer, The Demesne 
Wright. 



640 COQUETDALE WARB — NORTH DIVISION. 

Warton is a township and hamlet, the property of William Trotter, Esq., 
and Gideon Spearman, Esq. The area of the township is 624 acres, and its 
rateable value is £935. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 66 ; in 
1811, 41 ; in 1821, 46; in 1831, 59 ; in 1841, 74 ; and in 1851, 59 souls. 
The soil here is remarkable for its fertility. "Warton was formerly a member 
of the barony of Hepple, and its warlike inhabitants w^ere long the terror of 
the Scottish borders. The Hamlet of Warton is situated three miles west 
by north of Rothbury, 

DiEECTORr. — Mark Clark, farm-steward ; Gideon Watson, High Warton ; 
and JohnWintrop, joiner and cartwright. 

Whitton is a township and hamlet, the property of A. R. Fenwick, Esq , 
Mrs, Jane Weallans, and several freeholders. The area of the township is 
674 acres, and its rateable value £821 6s. Population in 1801, 84; in 
1811,105; in 1821, 110; in 1831, 104; in 1841, 82 ; and in 1851, 46 
souls. This manor was formerly the property of the Umfraville family, from 
whom it was transfei^red to the Percies, and subsequently became attached to 
the rectory of Rothbury. Whitton Tower, which has long been the residence 
of the rectors of Rothbury, was formerly a strong structure, and formed part 
of the range of towers, which extended from Hepple to Warkworth; it is now 
an elegant and commodious edifice, surrounded by thriving plantations. 

Longevity. — Died, in 1823, Mrs. Isabella Burn, of this place, aged 104 
years. Her grand-daughter, Miss Isabella Bum, is married to Mr. Thomas 
Ramsay, who conducts a respectable academy at Backworth, in Earsdon parish. 

Directory. — Rev. Charles G. V. N. Harcourt, canon of Carlisle and rector 
of Rothbury, The Towner ; Mr. Thomas Riddell ; Miss Ann Weall ens, Whitton 
Cottage; and the farmers are John Graham, Whitton; Joseph Graham, 
Glebe Farm ; and Edward Pyle, Hillhead. 

Wreighill is a township and hamlet, containing 411 acres of land, the 
property of Mrs. Weallens, of Flotterton House, and its rateable value is 
£448. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 27; in 1811, 26; in 
1821, 29 ; in 1831, 27 ; in 1841, 29 ; and in 1851, 17 souls. The soil in 
the northern parts of this township is incumbent upon freestone, and that in 
the southern parts rests upon limestone. The remains of a Roman Camp are 
still visible in this neighbourhood. The Hamlet of Wreighill is situated five 
miles west by north of Rothbury. This township is farmed by the proprietor. 
John Scott, stew^ard. 



COQUETDALE WARD— NORTH DIVISION. 



ALNHAM PARISH. 

Alnham is a smaU parish bounded on the north by Ingram, on the west 
by Kidland, on the south by xilnwinton, and on the east by Whittingham. 
It comprises the townships of Alnham, Prendwick, Screnwood, and Unthank, 
whose united area is 12,389 acres. Population in 1801, 233 ; in 1811, 211; 
in 1821, 269; in 1831, 278; in 1841, 256; and in 1851, 291 souls. 



ALNHAM PARISH. Ml 

The Township of Alnliam contains 9,535 acres; and its rateable value is 
£5,411 10s. The number of its inhabitants, in 1801, was 124; in 1811, 
136; in 1891, 143; in 1831, 146; in 1841, 141; and in 1851, 132 souls. 

The Village of Alnham is situated near the source of the Aln, nine miles 
N. N. W. of Kothbury, and has evidently been a place of some importance in 
ancient times. To the south of the village is Black or Blake Chesters, which 
was occupied as a station by the Romans, and on the summit of a hill, a 
mile west of Alnham, is a semi-circular encampment, defended by two out- 
ward ramparts and a deep fosse, with an inner circle of uncemented stones. 
In the vicinity of the vicarage there are the vestiges of an old border 
castle, which seems to have been, at one time, a place of great strength, 
and about four years ago, there was discovered in the glebe field, on 
the north side of the tower just mentioned, a portion of a paved road, sup- 
posed by many to have been constructed by the ancient Britons. The Church, 
dedicated to St. Michael, is a very ancient structure in the style of architecture 
which prevailed during the early part of the reign of Edward III., though 
some of the windows are of more modern construction. The parish register com- 
mences in 1688. The living, a vicarage in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne 
and deanery of Rothbury, is valued in the Liber Regis at £3 17s. Id. ; gross 
income £130. Patron, the Duke of Northumberland ; vicar, the Rev. George 
Selby Thompson, M.A. The Vicap.age is a square embattled tower of the 
same date as the church, and having become very much dilapidated, subsequent 
to the great rebellion, it was restored by the patron of the living, in ] 844. 
Probably this tower was the property of the Umfravilles of Harbottle Castle, 
as well as Rothbury and EJsdou Towers, which still bear their arms. The 
river Aln rises in the hills west of the village, and pursues an easterly 
direction towards Whittingliam. 

Post Office Alnham, John Hiiine, postmaster. Letters arrive, from Alnwick, at 
3-15 p.m., and are despatched thereto at 3-30 p.m. 

Directory. — Rev. George Selby Thompson, vicar, The Tower ; and the 
farmers are Thomas Dodds, and Thomas Robson. 

Prendwick township, the property of Ralph Carr, Esq., is situated one 
mile north of Alnham, contains 1,612 acres, and its rateable value is 
£897. Thepopulationinl801, was61; inl8il, 32; inl821,68; in 1831, 
61; in 1841, 53; and in 1851, 55 souls. This township was for many 
generations, the property of the Alders, from whom it was purchased, early 
in the 18tli century, by the Bynes and Collingwoods, who, in their turn, sold 
it to the late John Carr, Esq., of Dunstan, in the County of Durham. Here 
is a school which receives £3 per annum from Ralph Carr, Esq. This town- 
ship is farmed by Mr. Henry George Chrisp. 

ScRENWooD township is situated one mile south of Alnham, and comprises 
1,070 acres, the rateable value of which is £601. The population in 1801, was. 
24; in 1811,20; in 1821,37; in 1831, 27; in 1841, 40; and in 1851, 60 souls. 
Thomas Riddell, Esq. is the landowner, and the entire township is the occupancy 
of Mr. Thomas Forster, farmer and yeoman. 

2 R 



642 COQUETDALE WARD— NORTH DIVISION. 

Unthane township, the property of the Hon. H. T. Liddell, M.P., is 
situated one mile west of Ahiham, and was possessed by a family which bore 
local name till 1568 ; it was afterwards the property of John CoUingwood Tarle- 
toQ, Esq., from whom it has passed to the present proprietor. The township 
contains 172 acres, and its rateable value is £223 17s, 6d. The number of its 
inhabitants in 1801, was 24; in 1811, 23 ; in 1821, 21 ; in 1831, 34; in 
1841, 22; and in 1851, 44 souls. Unthank consists of one farm, which is 
occupied by Mr, George Auburn. 



EDLINGHAM PARISH. 

Edltngham parish is bounded on the north by Egiingham, on the west 
by Whittingham, on the south by Long FramlingtoD, and on the east by 
Alnwick. It is about three and a half miles in length by two and a haK in 
breadth, and comprises an area of 12,348 acres. The parish contains the 
townships of Abberwick, Bolton, Broom Park, Edlingham, Learchild, and 
Lemmington. Its population in 1801, was 638; in 1811, 667; in 1821, 
666; in 1831, 568; in 1841, 659; and in 1851, 742 souls. 

Abberwick township, the property of Bryan Burrell, Esq., of Broom Park, 
is situated four miles west of Alnwick. Its area is 1,673 acres, and its 
rateable value £1,632. The number of its inhabitants in J 801, was 99 ; in 
1811, 142; in 1821, 125; in 1831, 135; in 1841, 170; and in 1851, 
148 souls. This towiiship consists of four farms, a corn mill, and a few 
scattered houses. 

Directory. — Edward Miller, blacksmith; James Shell and Sons, corn 
millers, Abberwick Mill; Hugh S. Stanhope, Esq., barrister, Glen Allen; 
and the farmers are John Landers, Moor Laws ; Richard Pringle, Abberwick 
Farm; James Shell and Sods, the Mill; and James Stafford, Broom Hill. 

Bolton is a township and village comprising 2,048 acres, the property of 
Bryan Burrell, Esq; and its rateable value is £1,632. The township 
contained in 1801, 115; in 1811, 130; in 1821, 144; in 1831, 117; in 
1841, 128; and in 1851, 163 inhabitants. The Village of Bolton is 
situated on the north side of the river Aln, about live miles west of Alnwick. 
Here is a Chapel of Ease, a neat stone edifice, rebuilt in 1852. The living is 
a curacy, not in charge, annexed to the vicarage of Edlingham. There w^as 
formerly a collegiate church, or rather an hospital here, founded prfor to 
1225, by Robert Roos of Hamlake, for a master, or prior, three chaplains, 
thirteen leprous men, and lay brethren. The abbot of RyeVall, and the prior 
of Kirkham, were by the founder appointed governors of this house, which 
Was dedicated to St. Thomas the Martyr, or the most Holy Trinity. The 
Earl of Surrey held a congress here, consisting of noblemen and gentlemen, 
with their retinues, to the number of 24,000 men, on the 5th September, 
1513, before the battle of Flodden Field. Here is a neat school erected, in 
1850, under the patronage of th^ proprietor of the township. It possesses 



EDLINGHAM PARISH. 



^43 



sufficient accommodation for 80 children. The vicar of EdHngham and Bryan 
Burrell, Esq., contribute £10 per annum for the gratuitous education of some 
of the poorer children. 

Bolton House the residence of Hunter Allgood, Esq., occupies a beautiful 
situation on the north side of the Aln. 



Post Office, Bolton.— Margaret Bolton, 'postmistress. Letters arrive here, from 
Alnwick, at 11-30 a.m., and are despatched thereto at 6-45 p.m. 



Allgood Hunter, Esq., Bolton House 
Brown George, schoolmaster 
Cuthbertson WiUiam, joiner & cartwright 
Fenwick Martha, shopkeeper 
Gallon William, blacksmith 
Gray William, Esq., East Bolton 
Thompson Andrew, relieving officer and 

registrar of births and deaths for Em- 

bleton district 



Robinson George, cornmiller, The Mill 
Thompson Samuel, grazier 
WilUamson Alexander, steward 

Farmers 

Gladstone James, West Bolton 
Renner John, Wood Hall 
Robinson George, The Mill 



Beoom Park is a township four and a half miles west by south of Alnwick, 
and contains 460 acres, the rateable value of which is £560. Its population in 
1801, w^as 64; in 1811, 64; in 1821, 43; in 1831, 53; in 1841, 63; and 
in 1851, 78 souls. The soil in this district is principally a strong loam, and 
the township is the property of Bryan Burrell, Esq., who resides here in a 
neat mansion, situated between the Lemmington-buru, and the river Aln. The 
pleasure grounds are tastefully laid out, and the scenery of the surrounding 
country is very beautiful. 

Directory. — By ran Burrell, Esq,, Broom Park ; Joseph and Jacob Dicken- 
son, farmers, Low Broom Park ; Thomas Fenwick, gamekeeper ; George 
Stephenson, gardener, the Lodge ; and John Wallace, land-steward, Bridge 
End. 

Edlingham is a township and village, in the parish of the same name, the 
property of Sir John Swinburne, who is also lord of the manor. The town- 
ship comprises an area of 5,636 acres, and its rateable value is £1,561. The 
number of inhabitants in 1801, was 157; in 3 811, 197 ; in 182], 201 ; in 
1831, 158 ; in 1841, 138 ; and in 185 I, 149 souls. This was a dependent 
manor of the barony of Patrick, Earl of Dunbar, in the reign of Henry II. 
In the year 1509, it was possessed by Sir Roger Hastings, and became after- 
wards the property of the Swinburnes of Nafferton, and the Swinburnes of 
Capheaton, to the latter of whom it still belongs. Of the once proud castle 
of Edlingham, only a few grey ruins now remain, giving but a faint idea of 
the massive fortress of which they once formed a part. 

The Village of Edlingham is situated about five and ahalf miles W.S.AV. 
of Alnwick. It occupies an elevated position near the west side of the 
Lemmington-burn, which rises on the north side of Rimside Moor, and runs 
northward to the Aln. The Church is dedicated to St. John the Baptist. 
The living is a discharged vicarage, in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and 
deanery of Alnwick, valued in the Liber Regis at £6 14s. 6d., gross 



644 



COQUETDALE WAEB— NOBTH DIVISION. 



income £499. The curacy of Bolton is attached to this living. The patron- 
age is vested iu the Dean and Chapter of Dui'ham, Rev. M. H. G-. Biickleji 
M. A , vicar. The parish register commences in 1659. ^«{ rf- 

Post Office, Edlinghaui, James AmourSj postmaster. 
a.m., and are despatched at 6 p.m. 



Letters arrive here at 11-30 



Blakey Eobert, schoolmaster 

Buckle Eev. Matthew Hughes George, 

M.A. vicar 
Coxon Ealph, hlacksmith 
Mills John, miller and joiner 
Wardle Ehzabeth, vict. Sioinlurne Arms, 

Moorhouse 



Farmers 

Bell Eobert, George, & John, Castle Farm 
Codling William, and George, Demesne 
Coulson William, James, and Christopher, 
Newtown Farm .at 

Mordue James ■> 

Wardle Edward, Wandy Stead 



Leaechild, a to^iiship, five miles west hy south of Alnwick, contains 460 
acres, and its rateable value is £338. Population in 1801, 25 ; in 1811, 27; 
in 1821, 60; in 1831, 20; in 1841, 35; and in 1851, 53 souls. It is 
divided in two estates, High Learchild, the property of the Hon. H. T. Lid- 
dell, M.P., and Low Learchild, which belongs to W. J. Pawson, Esq. 



Bro-wn John, manager for Hail & Crighton, 
Low Learchild 

Dixon Elixabeth, vict. and farmer, Buston 
Arms. 

Hall and Crighton, draining tile manu- 
facturers 



Johnson the Misses, Low Learchild 

Fanners 

Bennett George, High Learchild 
Telford Eobert, Low Leai'child 



Lemmington is a township the property of W. J. Pawson, Esq., Mrs. 
Pawson, of Shawdon Hall, and Bryan Burrell, Esq. It is situated four and a 
half miles west by south of Alnwick, comprises an area of 2,071 acres, and its 
rateable value is £1,516. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 178; in 
1811, 107; in 1821, 123; in 1831, 85; in 1841, 125; and in 1851, 149 
souls. This township includes the hamlets of Battle Bridge, and Lemming- 
ton Mills, and was, for a long period, the property of the Fenmck family, but it 
is now possessed by the above mentioned proprietors, and W. J. Pawson, 
Esq. is lord of the manor. Lemmington Hall is an elegant modern 
mansion of hewn freestone, situated on a fine eminence which commands a 
beautiful view of the rich vale of Whittingham. It is the property of the lord of 
the manor, and the residence of the Misses Davidson. '-^-jc 

DiEECTOEY. — The Misses Davidson, The Hall ; William Dixon, slater ; 
John Whittle, commiller; and the farmers are James BeU, Hill Head, at 
Low Barton; James Heslop, Battle Bridge ; William Heslop, Over Thwarts ; 
James Sharp, Broom Wood ; James Whittle, The Branch ; and John Whittle, 
The Mill. 

EGLINGHAM PARISH. 

Eglingham parish is bounded on the north by Glendale Ward, on the west 
by the parishes of Ingram and Ilderton, on the south by Alnwick, Edlingham, 
and Whittingham parishes, and on the east by Bambrough Ward. It is 



EGLINGHAM PARISH. C45 

about nine miles iu length, by four and a half in breadth, and comprises aii, 
area of 23,361 acres. Its population in 1801, was 1,536 ; in 1811, 1,538 f 
in 1821, 1/666 ; in 1831, 1,805 ; in 1841, 1,832; and in 1851, 2,000 souls. 
It comprises 16 townships, which exhibit a great variety of 'soil and scenery, 
from the sterile moor to the fertile and highly cultivated valley, and possesses 
a mineral spring, tinctured with sulphuric acid, which issues from an old 
drift for the draining of coalpits ; as also a lake covering nine acres, called 
Kimmer Lough, abounding in perch and pike, the latter of which attain to a 
great size. There are some vestiges of British and Roman encampments, and 
the ruins of an old border tower. Lime, freestone, and coal are abundant in 
this parish. 

Bassington is a township situated on the north side of the Aln, three and 
a half miles north-west by north of Alnwick. It comprises 234 acres, and 
its rateable value is £187 6s. 5d. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, 
was 9; in 1811, 17; in 1821, 13; ift 1831, — ; in 1841, 11; and in 1851, 
8 souls. There are no farmers in this township, nor is it much cultivated, 
the greater portion abounding in rushes, from v>^hich the township is said to 
derive its name, as bassin, in the old British language, signifies rusJuj. 

Beanley is a township and village, the property of the Duke of North- 
umberland. The area of the township is 2,341 acres, and its population in 
1801, was 164; in 1811, 137; in 1821, 160; in 1831, 169; in 1841, 176; 
and in 1851, 166 souls. The rateable value is £1,366. Beanley was formerly 
the property of the Earls of Dunbar, who held it upon the condition of 
being surety for the peace of England and Scotland ; but being un- 
able to fulfil their tenure, they forfeited this estate, which was granted by 
Edward III. to Henry Percy, from whom it has descended to the present 
proprietor. In this township are the remains of a British camp, surrounded 
with a double fosse and rampart, and on Hedgeley Moor, at a short distance 
from the village, is a cross erected in memory of Sir Ralph Percy, an adherent 
of the house of Lancaster, who fell in 1464, in a battle with the Yorkists. 
The impropriate tithes have been commuted for a rent charge of £143, and 
the vicarial tithes for £55 18s. This township is intersected by the river 
Breamish, which abounds in trout, etc., and Gallow Law, on the west side of 
the Breamish, is supposed to have been the place of execution for Beanley 
barony. The Village of Beanley is situated upon an eminence about 
seven miles north-west by west of Alnwick. 

Directory. — John Lillie, blacksmith ; and the farmers are John Moffatt, 
and Ralph Storey. 

Bewick (New) is a township and hamlet containing 1,125 acres, the 
property of A. J. B. Cress well, Esq., who is also lord of the manor. The 
number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 63; in 1811, 92; in 1821, 93; in 
1831, 106 ; in 1841, 121 ; and in 1851, 101 souls. The Hamlet of New 
Bewick is two and a half miles west by north of Eglingham. 

Directory. — Ralph Morrison, Esq., who farms the whole township. 

Bewick (Old) is a township and village, containing 5,487, acres, and its 
population in 1801, was 187; in 1811, 180; iu J821, 247; in 1831, 227; 



640 COQUETDALE WAED^-NOETH DIVISION. 

in 1841, 176 ; and in 1851, 191 souls. A. J. B. Gresswell, |]sq., is the sole 
lando^vner, and also lord of the manor. There are remains of several 
British entrenchments in this township, and on Bewick Moor is a natural 
cave, which, like the greater number of such places, is said to have been a 
haunt for robbers. The Village of Old Bewick is pleasantly situated on the 
east bank of the river Till, three miles W. N. W. of Eglingham, and ten 
miles north-west by north of Alnwick. The ancient chapel, which is now in. 
ruins, stood at a little distance north-west of the village, and was dedicated t§^ 
the Holy Trinity. ' ^ 

DiRECTORT.— George Chreseson, hmeburuer; Thomason Hall, eartwright ; 
James Sheriff, blacksmith ; John Taylor, bailiff to A. J. B. Gresswell, Esq.!' 
and the farmers are Robert Carr, Bewick Folly ; J. C. Langlands, and Thomas 
Eobson. 

Brandon, a township and hamlet, near the southern extremity of the Che- 
viot Hills, on the north side of the Breamish, is the property of H. L. Allgood, 
Esq. The population of the township in 1801, wms 103 ; in 1811, 132 ; 
in 1821, 118; in 1831, 160; in 1841, 147; and in 1851, 173 souls. 
The Hamlet of Brandon is situated eight miles south by east of Wooler. 
Brandon White House was formerly the residence of Sir Daniel Collingwood, 
a lineal descendent of the renowned border chieftain, Cuthbert Collingwood. 
Sir Daniel was chaplain and afterwards sword bearer to King Charles II, 
This mansion is now occupied by John Davison, Esq. 

Directory. — John Davidson, Esq., Brandon White House ; William David-?- 
son, blacksmith; Andrew Dodds, joiner ; and Thomas James, farmer. 

Branton is a township and hamlet, the property of Alexander Brown, Esq. 
The township comprises an area of 1 1 47 acres, and number of its inhabitants 
in 1801, was 108; in 1811, 100; in 1821, 111; in 1831, 110; in 1841, 119; 
and in J 851, 102 souls. The Hamlet of Bran ton is situated on the south side 
of the Breamish nine miles south by east of Wooler. Here is a Presbyterian 
Chapel, erected in 1781; it is a neat stone edifice, and will accommodate 
about 700 persons. The Rev. James Blythe, minister. Attached to this 
chapel, is a school which is respectably and numerously attended. George 
Davidson, teacher. 

Directory.— George Davidson, schoolmaster ; Christopher Peary, grocer 
and general dealer ; and the farmers are Robert Clavering ; William Caii^ns, 
East Side ; and William Spink, Middle Farm. 

Crawley is a township, eight miles W. N. W. of Alnwick. It comprises 
314 acres, and its rateable value is £400. Population in 1801, 30 ; in 1811, 
24; in 1821, 23; in 1831, 32; in 1841, 20; and in 1851, 25 souls. Sir 
Francis Blake, Bart., of Twizell House, is owner of this estate and lord of 
the manor. The tithes were commuted in 1839; aggregate amount of 
vicarial 6s. 6d. and of impropriate £6 10s. Od. This township was anciently 
designated Crawlawe, supposed to be a corruption of the Celtic Caerlaw, a 
fortified hill. Crawlaw Tower, occupies the southern extremity of an old 
encampment, which is supposed to be the " Alauna Amnis" of the Romans, 
though some place that station at Alnwick. The entrenchment here is 290 



EGLINGHAM PARISH. 



647 



feet iu length, by ] 60 in breadth, and is encompassed by a fosse and rampart,, . 
the former of which is 30 feet, and the latter 20 feet wide. The situatioiL'r 
occupied by this entrenchment is very lofty, commanding a most delightful 
view of the vale of Whittingham, with the river Breamish, and no fewer than 
seven British and Saxon entrenchments may be distinguished from this 
station, within a circuit of four miles. Crawley Tower is supposed by anti- 
quarians to be a Roman structure. This township consists of one farm and 
a few cottages. 

DiEECTOEY. — James Weir, farmer, Crawley Tower. 

DiTCHBUEN, (East and West), form a township in this parish, but are 
locally situated iuthesoutbern division of Bambrough Ward, six miles N.N.W. 
of Alnwick. The township comprises an area of 1,520 acres, and its rateable 
value is £502. Population in 1801, 87; in 1811, 86 ; in 1821, 97; in 1831, 
77; in 1841, 60; and in 1851, 86 souls. Kobert Dand, Esq., of Field 
House, Lesbury, is the proprietor and lord of the manor of East Ditchburn, . 
and John F. Carr, Esq., is the owner and lord of the manor of West Ditch- 
burn. There w'as formerly a fortified tower here, which served as a place of 
safety for cattle during the border raids. .iv 

DiEECTOEY. — John F. Carr, Esq., West Ditchburn ; and Andrew Railstoni.- 
farm steward to Robert Dand Esq., East Ditchburn. 

EGLINGHA^E is a township and village giving name to the parish in which it 
is situated. The township contains 1,946 acres, and its rateable value is 
£1,695, The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 204; in 1811, 191 ; in 
1821, 184; in 1831, 221 ; in 1841, 804 ; and in 1851, 357 souls. The 
manor of Eglingham has been the seat and property of the Ogle family for 
many centuries, and is now possessed by Major Robert Ogle. The Earl of 
Tankemlle also owns some lands in this township. 

The Village of Eglingham is situated on an eminence seven miles north 
west of Alnwick. The Paeish Chuech is dedicated to St. Maurice, and the 
register commences in 1662. The living, a vicarage in the archdeaconry of 
Lindisfarne, and deanery of Bambrough, is valued in the Liber Regis at 
£23 3s. l^d., gross income, £906. Patron, the Bishop of Durham ; vicar, 
the Rev. Richard Charles Coxe, M.A. There were formerly four chapels of 
ease in this parish, but they have long been in ruins. 

Chaeity.— Margaret Hiudmai'sh, by her will, bearing date 9th March, 
1704, bequeathed the sum of £50 to the poor of this parish, and directed 
that the interest should be distributed yearly among the poor in|iabitants of 
the parish of Eglingham. 

Post Office, Eglingham.— Eobert Robertson, Postmaster. Letters arrive here at 
11-0 a.m., and are despatched at 7-0 p.m. 

Blair Matthew, blacksmith Chisholm, George, tailor 

Baird JohD,farmer,coalowner,&limeburner, Coxe Eev. Eichard Charles, 

Banna-moor, and Shipley Colhery Yicarage 

Brown William, schoolmaster Grey John, mason 

Burn Thos. vict. & joiner, TankervUle Aims Green James, shoemaker, 

Burn WiUiam, joiner [ Green John, shoemaker 



.A. vicar. 



648 



COQUETDALH WARD-— NOETH DIVISION. 



Harvey Mrs. scTioolmistresa 

Hewitt William, vict. Ogle Arms 

Hash Adam, tailor 

Knot William, joiner and cart-wright 

Middlemiss Mark, cornmiller 

Mole Thomas, grocer 

Ogle Major Eobert, The Hall 

Pringle William, joiner and cartwright 

Eobertson Eobert, grocer 

Thompson Wilham, mason 



Vint John, limeburner and coalbwner 
Wood James, blacksmith 

Farmers 

Baird John, Banna-moor 
Bolton John, Cock Hall 
Middlemiss Mark 
Eobertson Eobert 
Eobson Matthew, Glebe Farm 
Short John, Eglingham Hall 



Habehope, or Hareup, a township one mile north-west of EglingHam, 
contains 566 acres of land, and its rateable valueis£231. Population in 1801, 
44; in 1811, 36; in 1821,46; in 1831, 50; in 1841, 49; and in 1851, 
62 souls. The tithes were commuted in 1839 ; aggregate amount, £32 17s. 7d.; 
impropriate, and £24 3s. vicarial. The township contains but one farm, 
and Harehope House, a handsome stone mansion, the residence of O. A. 
Baker Creswell, Esq. 

Directory. — 0. A. Baker Creswell, Esq., Harehope House ; and Edward 
Donkin, farmer. 

Hedgeley township is the property of Ralph Carr, Esq. It is situated 
eight miles W.N.W. of Alnwick, contains an area of 700 acres, and its 
rateable value is £700. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 51 ; in 
181 1, 42 ; m 1821, 30 ; in 1831, 43 ; in 1841, 72 ; and in 1851, 81 souls. 
This township extends on both sides of the river Breamish, that portion on 
the east side of the river being called High Hedgeley, and the other Low 
Hedgele}^ A monument on Hedgeley Moor, called Percy's Cross, marks 
the spot where the brave Sir Ralph Percy fell, v\4iile bravely fighting for the 
cause of Henry VI., in the wars of York and Lancaster. It stands a little to 
the north-east of the tv\-euty-fourth milestone on the Morpeth and AVooler 
road, and consists of a stone pillar, fixed on a pedestal, having the armorial 
bearings of Lucy and Percy rudely cut upon it in relief. Hedgeley House 
is the seat of Ralph Carr, Esq. 

Directory. — Ralph Carr, Esq., Hedgeley House; George Bolam, farmer; 
John Anderson, joiner; Robert Green, shoemaker; and George Short, tailor. 

LiLBURN (East), a township four miles south-east by east of Wooler, con- 
tains 868 acres, the property of A. J. B. Creswell, Esq., and the number of 
its inhabitants in 1801, was 95 ; in 1811, 72; in 1821, 97 ; in 1831, 95 ; in 
1841, 80; and in 1851, 100 souls. Tithes commuted in 1839; aggregate 
amount, £123 2s. 8d. due to the impropriator, and £57 6s. 3d. to the vicar 
of Eglingham. This township contains only one farm which is occupied by 
Ralph Atkinson, farmer. 

LiLBURN (West) is a township and hamlet, the property of Edward John 
ColHngwood, Esq. The township contains an area of 1,965 acres, and its 
population in 1801, was 164 ; in 1811, 140 ; in 1821, 171 ; in 1831, 235 ; 
in 1841, 226 ; and in 1851, 234 souls. The tithes were commuted in 1839; 
aggregate amount £268 7s 1 Id. This estate was anciently held under the 
barony of Wark,by the De Roos family, but in consequence of the revolt of 



EGLINaHAM PAETSH. 



649 



Robert De "Roos, it Avas forfeited, and we next find it in the possession of a 
family which bore the local name, who held it for many ages. At the west 
end of the hamlet are the ruins of an ancient mansion and tower, and also of 
a chapel of ease. The Hamlet of West Lilburn is situated three miles 
south-east of Wooler. Lilburn Towee, a neat modern building, is the residence 
of Edward John ColHngwood, Esq. 

Post Office, West Lilbukn. — John Deas, Postmaster. Letters arrive at 12 noon, and 
are despatched at 6 p.m. 



Brown John, auctioneer and joiner, Haugh 

Stead 
Collingwood Edward John, Esq., Lilburn 

Tower 
Deas John, gardener 
Hindmarsh Matthew, gamekeeper 
Moffat Chas. land agent, Lilburn Cottage 



Farmers 
Brown John, Haugh Head 
Cock Thomas 

Pm^ves Peter William, South Steads 
Smith Wllham, Lilburn HiU 
Ramsay James, The Grange 
Stephenson William, Tower Farm 



Shipley is a township in this parish, but locally situated in the southern 
division of Bambrough Ward. It comprises 1,991 acres, the property of 
Edward Collingwood, Esq., James H. H.Atkinson, Esq., William Baird, Esq., 
Lord Ellehborough, and Thomas Arthur, Esq. The number of its inhabit- 
ants in 1801, was 108 ; in 1811, 152 ; in 1821, 129 ; in 1831, 95 ; in 1841, 
124 ; and in 1851, 147 souls. The rateable value is £1,176 10s., and the 
Earl of Tankerville, and James H. H. Atkinson, Esq., are the lords of the 
manor. The Hamlet of Shipley is five miles N.N.W. of Alnwick. 

DiRECTOEY. — John Baird, coalowner, Shipley Colliery ; Roger Simpson 
and Son, corn millers ; Richard Taylor, blacksmith ; and the farmers are 
James Birkley, Small Burn; Michael Davison ; George Robson, The 
Mill ; Thomas Scott, Lane-end ; and Roger Simpson and Son. 

TiTLiNGTON township is situated six miles west by north of Alnwick, and 
comprises an area of 2,234 acres. Its population in 1801, was 63 ; in 1811, 
71; in 1821, 74 ; in 1831, 78; in 1841, 70; and in 1851, 81 souls. The 
sole land-owner is William J. Pawson, Esq., and the rateable value is 
£831 5s. 

DiRECTOEY. — William J. Pawson, Esq., Titlington Hall ; John F. Carr, Esq., 
farmer. The Mount ; and Edward Llarbottle, farmer. 

WooPERTON, a township comprising 923 acres, is situated six miles S.S,E. 
of Wooler. Population in 1801, 56 ; in 1811, 66 ; in 1821, 68 ; in 1831, 
107; in 1841, 77; and in 1851, 86 souls. Tithes commuted in 1839; 
aggregate amount £108 15s. to the impropriator, and £56 19s. 8d. to the vicar 
of Eghngham. 

Directory. — Mr. John Gray ; and James Gray, farmer. 

ILDERTON PARISH. 

Tlbeeton parish is bounded on the north by Wooler and Doddington, on 
the west by the Cheviots, on the south by Ingram, and on the east by Egling- 
ham. It comprises the townships of Ilderton, Middleton Hall, Middleton 

2 R 2 



650 COQUETDALE WARD KOETH DIVISION. 

North, Middleton South, Piocldam, and Eosedoii, Avhose united area is 9,670 
acres. The population in 1801, was 475; in 1811, 60vi ; in L8jil, 579; 
in 1831, 602; in 1841, 685; and in 1851, 641 souls. The eastern portion 
of this parish consists of a light gravelly soil while the western part is chiefly 
moss and heather. The surface is hilly and to the south-west the parish 
extends to the summit of Hedgehope, one of the Cheviot Hills. It has for its 
southern limit the river Breamish, and is intersected by the Caldgate, 
Lilburn, Roddam, and several minor streams. 

Ilderton is a township and village giving name to the parish in which it 
is situated, and the property of Sanderson llderton, Esq., and William Eodr 
dam, Esq. The township contains 3,640 acres, and its population in 1801, 
was 135; in 1811, 118; in 1821, 157; in 1831, 126; in 1841, 121 ; and 
in 1851, 145 souls. The Earl of Tankerville is lord of the manor, 
which was, in ancient times, dependent upon the barony of Wark, of which 
it was held by the ancient family of llderton, by whom it has been 
possessed since the reign of Edward I. One of this family. Sir Thomas 
llderton, so renowned for his valour at the siege of Berwick, was High 
Sheriff of Northumberland in 1377. This township was a favourite haunt of 
the Druids ; it is surrounded by hills and woods, and one of their temples 
consisting of ten large, rude, and unequal stones, placed in an oval form, is 
still to be seen between the villages i^f llderton and Hedgehope. 

The Village of llderton is situated upon a hill four and a half miles south 
by east of Wooler. The Church, dedicated to St. Michael, is a modern 
edifice consisting of a nave, chancel, and square tower. The living a dis- 
charged rectory in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne, and deanery of Bambrough, 
is valued in the Liber Regis at £4 ; gross income i:200, inclusive of 50 acres 
of glebe land. Patron, the Duke of Northumberland ; rector, the Rev. Henry 
Parker, M.A. The parish register commences in 1724. A new Parsonage 
House was erected in 1842. 

Letters arrive here by foot post at 11-15 a.m., and are despatched at 1-15 p.m. 

Directory. — Rev. Henry Parker, M.A., rector; John D. Clark, farmer; 
John Leighton, blacksmith ; and Joseph Waters, corn miUer and farmer, 
Coldgate Mill. 

Middleton Hall township, the property of George H. Hughes, Esq., 
is situated two and three-quarter miles south by west of Wooler. It 
contains 1,101 acres, and its population in 1801, was 40; in 1811, 47 ; in 
1821, 61; in 1831, 66; in 1841, 64; and in 1851, 66 souls. 

Directory. — George Hughes Hughes, Esq., Middleton Hall. 

Middleton (North), a township and hamlet, comprises 2,102 acres the 
property of the Earl of Tankerville. The population in 1801, was 82; in 
1811, 111 ; in 1821, 128; in 1831, 156; in 1841, 129; and in 1851, 127 
souls. The Hamlet of North Middleton is situated two and a half miles 
south of Wooler. 

Directory.— George Buck, blacksmith ; John Enghsh, cattle dealer, 
Haugh Head ; John Jobson, grocer, draper, and beer retailer, Haugh Head; 
and George Rea, farmer. 



ILDERTON PARISH. 651 

MiDDLETON (South) township is situated three miles south of Wooler. It 
is the property of the Earl of Tankerville, but in ancient times it was the 
property of Muschampe family, and a member of the lordship of Wooler ; it 
was afterwards possessed by the noble family of Percy, and also by the Com- 
missioners of Greenwich Hospital. This township contains 1,609 acres. - 
Population in 1801, 67 ; in 1811, 79 ; in 1821, 69 ; in 1831, 69 ; in 1841, 
78 ; and in 1851, 70 souls. 

Directory.— George Rea, farmer. 

RoDDAM is a township and hamlet the property of William Roddam, Esq., 
whose family have held this township from time immemorial, indeed it is 
asserted that the Roddams are an ancient British family, who have held this 
estate through all the changes and vicissitudes which this country has under- 
gone, and that whether Romans, Saxons, Danes, or Normans, were the 
dominant power in the state, still this tow^nship never acknowledged any other 
than a Roddam for its proprietor. Among the records &c. of this ancient 
family the following grant of king Athelstan is preserved :— - 

" I King Adelstane 

GifFys here to Paulan 

Oddam and Eoddam, 

All gude and all fair 

As ever thei myn war 

And thairto witness Maid my wyf," 

How different from the strictness of construction, which, in modern times, 
renders almost eveiy w^ord in an instrument a snare for the unwary. The 
Roddams were formerly the possessors of large estates in different parts of 
this county, but of their ancient inheritance this is the only manor which 
they now retain. Among the many members of this family who have dis- 
tinguished themselves in their country's service, the names of Sir John and 
Admiral Roddam, hold an honourable position. The former was slain at the 
battle of Tow^ton, in 149 J, and the latter, having rendered his country tjie 
most signal service during the French and American wars, and having attained 
the rank of senior admiral of the red, died in Newcastle on the 31st March, 
1808, in the 89th year of his age. The Hamlet of Roddam is situated five 
and a half miles south by west of Wooler. Roddam Hall the seat of the 
proprietor of the township is a handsome modern mansion, seated on a bold 
eminence forming the bank of a romantic dell, which is watered by a rivulet 
flowing eastward from the Hedgehope hills to the river Till. 

Directory. — William Roddam, Esq., Roddam Hall ; John Angley, agent 
to William Roddam, Esq.; John E. Eadington, schoolmaster; Isabella 
Huttou, shopkeeper ; James Kearton, gamekeeper to William Roddam, Esq. ; 
and William Morrison, farmer, Roddam Ridge House. 

RosEDON is a township and hamlet the property of the Rev. Thomas Ilder- 
ton, of Felton. The area of the township is included in that of Ilderton, and the 
number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 59 ; in 1811, 70 ; in 18'31, 74 ; in 
1831, 78; in 1841, 83; and in 1851, 95 souls. On Rosedon Edge is a 



65^ COQrETDAL& WARD— NOETH DIVISION. 

large semicircular entrenchment having for its defences two high ramparts of 
earth and a deep fosse, -with an inner circle of uncemented stones. It is 
about one hundred yards in diameter, and contains many remains of buildings, 
&c. It is supposed to have been a fort of the ancient Britons, and it is very 
probable that it was strengthened and enlarged by the Romans during their 
stay in this island. The Hamlet of Rosedon is situated about one mile 
E.S.E. of Ilderton, and five miles south by east of Wooler. 

DiEECTOEY. — W. J. and C. Atkinson, farmers ; John and George Potter, 
cartwrights ; and John Young, blacksmith. 



INGRAM PARISH. 

Ingram is a parish, comprising the three townships of Fawdon, Clinch, and 
Hartside ; Ingram, Linop, and Greenshaw Hill ; and Reavealey. It is 
bounded by the parishes of Alnham, Eglingham, Ilderton, and Whittingham/^ 
and comprises an area of 11,304 acres. The number of inhabitants in 1801, 
was 171; in 1821, 180; in 1811, 228; in 1831, 205; in 1841,220; and 
in 1851, 198 souls. This district, which is very irregular, mountainous, 
and picturesque, is very thinly peopled, and is intersected by the river 
Breamish. 

Fawdon, Cltnch, and Hartside form a township in the above parish, and-^ 
comprise an area of 2,082 acres, the property of the Duke of Northumberland, 
who is also lord of the manor. The population of this township in 1801, 
was 50; in 1811, 68; in 1821, 80; in 1831, 67; in 1841, 54; andinl851, 
65 souls. The tithes of Clin ch were commuted in 1839 ; aggregate amount of 
impropriate £12 10s. Od. ; of rectorial £18 6s 6d. ; of those due to the parish 
clerk Is. Clinch is a hilly district one mile and a half south-east of Ingram. 
Hartside is two miles west of Ingram, and the Hamlet of Fawdon is situated 
one mile E. S. E. of the same place. The whole township contains but one 
farm and a few cottages. 

Directory. — Isaac Bolam, farmer. 

Ingram, Linop, and Greenshaw Hill, form a township, the property of 
the Rev. James x\llgood, M. A., and Wm. Roddam, Esq. Their united area is 6,882 
acres, and the number of inhabitants in 1801 , was 66 ; in 1811, 61 ; in 1821, 
74 ; in J 831, 71 ; in 1841, 92 ; and in 1851, 70 souls. Greenshaw Hill is 
one mile and three quarters west of Ingram, on the north side of the 
Breamish ; and Linopis a wild region three miles west of the same place. Here is 
the celebrated Linop Spout, a cataract which has a fall of forty-eight feet over ■ 
a rugged perpendicular precipice, of brown whinstone, spotted with green, - 
into a basin which is seven feet in diameter, and fifteen feet in depth. It is ' 
sometimes designated the Roughtin Lin from the great noise made by the 
fall of its waters after heavy rains. In this mountainous region many of the 
old Celtic names, so descriptive of the places to which they are applied, are '■ 
still in use, and from the names of our rivers and our mountains the impor-'/ 
tant fact may be learned that the great geographical features of Britain^-'' 



WHITTXNGHAM PAETSH. 653 

caiinot have materially changed since the days, in which the "azure armed 
Brigantes" roamed tJarough the woods and forests of Northumbria. The 
surface of the countiy has been cleared, marshes and swamps have been 
drained, and towns and cities have been built, but the rivers flow to the sea, 
and the mountains raise their lofty heads to the sky, precisely as they did 
two thousand years ago. In the ancient Celtic Lin or Lyn means a deep 
pool, particularly one formed below a waterfall. This prefix with the termi- 
nation Op or Hope, a vale without a thoroughfare, is quite descriptive of this 
place. On an eminence about three miles north-west of Linop, are the Card- 
law Cairns, the rude but impressive funeral monuments of the ancient in- 
habitants of this island. Between Linop and Hartside the foundations of 
British towns may still be discerned, and a road or trackway, the work of the 
same people, may yet be distinctly traced. 

The Village of Ingram is situated on the south side of the river Breamish 
nine miles south by east of Wooler. The Church is dedicated to St. Michael, 
and the parish register commences in 1689. The living is a rectory in the 
archdeaconry of Lindisfame and deanery of Rothbury, valued in the Liber 
Regis at £24 16s. 8d. ; gross income £485. Patron R. L. Allgood, Esq.; 
Rev. James Allgood, M.A., rector. The Rectoey is a fine stone mansion, 
situated near the church. The Paeish School a neat structure possessing 
accommodation for fifty pupils, is in the vicinity of the church, James 
Sutherland, teacher. 

DiEECTOEY. — Rev. James Allgood, M.A., rector, Rectory ; James Suther- 
land, schoolmaster ; and the farmers are Robert Donldn ; and Andrew 
Waugh, (and miller). 

Revealey is a township and hamlet, the property of Hunter Allgood, Esq. 
The township contains 2,340 acres, and the number ofits inhabitants in 1801, 
was 55; inlSll, 51; inl821,74; in 1831, 67 ; in 1841, 74 ; andinl851, 
63 souls. It contains one farm and a few cottages. The Hamlet of Revealey. 
is situated half a mile north by east of Ingram. 

DiEECTOEY. — John Thompson, farmer. 



WHITTINGHAM PARISH. 

Whittingkam parish comprises the townships of Callaley with Yetlingtou, 
Glanton, Lorbottle, Ryle Great, Ryle Little, Shawdon, and Whittingham, 
and is bounded on the north by Ingram and Eglingham, on the west by Aln- 
ham, on the south by Rothbury, and on the east by Edlingham. It is about 
four miles in length by the same in breadth, and embraces an area of 17,484 
acres. Its population in 1801, was 1,465 ; in 1811, 1,862; in 1821, 1,749; 
in 1831, 1,790; in 1841, 1,896; and in 1851, 1,905 souls. The parish is 
very fertile, well enclosed, and cultivated. The tithes were commuted in 
1841, award of rent charge, £980, of which £938 is for the township of 
Whittingham, and £42 for that of Little Ryle, and £686 to the Dean and 
Chapter of Carlisle, as tithe owners, and £294 to the Vicar of Whittingham. 



654 COQUETDALE WARD— ^NOETH DIVISION. 

Callaley and Yetlington form a township, the property of Edward John 
Clavering, Esq. It comprises an area of 8,970 acres, and its rateable value 
is £3,043 14s. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 327 ; in 1811, 
353; in 1821, 363; in 1831, 303; in 1841, 306; and in 1851, 274 souls. 
Callaley has been long possessed by a family which bears the local name, and 
was granted with Yetlington, by Gilbert de Callaley, in the reign of Henry 
III., to Robert Fitz Roger, Baron of Warkworth and Clavering, an ancestor 
of the present Claverings, whose ancient family name was De Burgh. John 
de Burgh, Earl of Comyn, and Baron of Tonsburgh, in Normandy (descended 
from Charlemagne), being a general of the Norman army, and governor of the 
chief towns of that Duchy, accompanied the Conqueror into England, and, 
having married Beatrix, heiress of Ivo de Yesci, a Norman noble, was father 
of two sons, Harlowen (who married Arlotta, mother of King William), an- 
cestor of the Clanricarde family ; and Eustace, Lord of Knaresboroiigh, an- 
cestor of the Counts de Vesci. Among the most distinguished members of 
' — fcliis family may be noticed, Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, and Earl of Kent, who 
died in 1096 ; Robert, surnamed De Morton, Earl of Cornwall, who received 
793 manors for his conduct upon the field of Hastings ; Hubert de Burgh^ 
Earl of Kent, Chief Justiciary of England, so honourably distinguished in the" 
reigns of John, and Henry III., and many others who have been remarkable 
for their bravery and patriotism. Robert Fitz Roger, Lord Clavering, Baron 
of Warkworth and Clavering, who died in 1311, was possessed of no less than 
twenty-five manors in various parts of the country. His eldest son John, 
who was the first of the family that bore the surname of Clavering, died 
without male issiie, and bequeathed all his manors in Northumberland to 
King John, who granted them to the house of Percy. His only daughter, 
Eva, had four husbands, and it is remarkable, that in the short space of six 
generations, there were amongst her descendants, the following illustrious 
- personages :— " A King of England, a Queen of England, a Duchess of York, 
a Duchess of Clarence, a Duke of Bedford, a Marquis of Montacute, an 
Earl of Northumberland, an Earl of Westmoreland, an Earl of Kent, an 
Earl of Salisbury, the ' King Making ' Earl of AYarwick, a Lord Latimer, a 
Lord Abergavenny, an Archbishop of York, and an Earl Marshal of England. 
And from her descendant^ the Duchess of York, sprang the three monarchs 
of the House of York." 

There are several remains of antiquity in this township. At a short 
distance from the village is a conical eminence called Castle HiU, whose 
summit, comprising about two acres, is surrounded by a wall, which is further 
strengthened, in some places, by a deep fosse hewn out of the solid rock, and 
flanked on the outside by another wall. Down the western brow of the hill 
are further defences, and the whole area, containing about seven acres, is very 
difiicult of access. It is supposed to have been a fortified Roman Camp. 
Here is also a lofty hill called the Crag, which is covered with trees to its very 
summit. The Village of Callaley is situated two miles west of Whittingham. 
Callaley Castle, the seat and property of Edward John Clavering, Esq., 
is sealed m a large and beautiful park, surrounded bj piefeatesqi|# 



I 



WHITTINGHAM PARISH. 



655 



romantic scenery. The tower at the west end of the mansion hears marks of 
great antiquity, but the centre and the tower at the east end, have a more 
modern appearance. Attached to the Castle is a small Catholic Church, 
erected in 1750. The Rex. Thomas Ord is the officiating priest. There is 
a school and teacher's house at Callaley Woodhouse, erected by E. J. 
Claveriug, Esq. "W. Ternent, teacker. 

Yetltngton, a village and joint township with Callaley, is situated three 



and a half miles west south-west of Whittinghara. 



ClaveringJohnEdwardjEsq.CallaleyCastle 
Dickinson John, gamekeeper 
Gibson John, gardener 
Gibson Ealph, joiner 
Mordue George, gardener 
Ord Rev. Thomas (Catholic) 
Ternent WiHiara, shopkeeper and school- 
master 



Farmers 



BrewisEhzabeth, High Houses 
'^Clark Thomas, The FolHns 
^ColjiJle WilHam, Yethngton 
"Ijrey Wilham and Joseph, Dancing Hall 

Pattison John, Cross Hill 

Tait Andrew, The Mains 



Glanton is a township and village, the property of F. J. W. Collingwood, 
Esq.,- George Hughes, Esq., Rev. Gilbert Alder, W. J. Pawson, Esq., T. S. 
Storey, Esq., Ealph Carr, Esq., the heirs of the late W. Tewart, Esq., the 
Messrs. Allendale, and some freeholders. The township contains 1,329 
acres, and its rateable value is J&3,038 6s. Population in 1801, 279; in 
1811,433; in 1821, 474; in 1831, 534; in 1841, 592; and in 1851, 601 
souls. The lofty eminence called Glanton Pike, was anciently the site of a 
beacon to alarm the country in times of danger. In the year 1716, as a 
mason was digging for stone near " Deer Street," in this township, he dis- 
covered an empty stone chest, upwards of three feet long. Some time after- 
wards, three more chests, of a similar form, with covers, were found at the 
same place. There were two urns and some fine earth in each, with some 
charcoal and human bones, on which marks caused by fire were plainly 
discernible. Near these were two other urns, one large, and the other very 
small ; they were of ordinary pottery, and on exposure to the air fell to pieces. 
The Village of Glanton is pleasantly situated on the high road, two miles 
north of Whittingham. It possesses some well built houses and shops, and 
commands a beautiful vievr of the fertile vale of Whittingham. Here is a 
Presbyterian Chapel, which was erected in 1783, and possesses sittings for 
400 persons. Rev. Duilcan Lennie, minister. There is a school attached to 
this chapel. 

PowBURN is a hamlet in this township, nine miles south by east of Wooler. 

Post Office, Glanton, John JJtterson, jpostmasier. Letters arrive here, from Alnwick, 
at 11-30 a.m., and are despatched thereto dt 6-15 p.m. 



Blythe Kev. James (Presbyterian), Green- 
ville 
Brown Capt. Alexander, Glanton House 
Burn Thomas, gardener, Glanton Pyke 
Collingwood Frederick J. W. Esq. Glanton 



Colville John, tailor 

Cowley Thomas, stonemason 

Cowley William, schoolmaster 

Crea Henry, surgeon 

Crewther Thomas, grocer and carrier 

Davidson George^ shopkeeper, Powbum 



666 



COQUETDALE WAED — NOBTH DIVISION. 



Dickinson John, tailor and draper 
Pryden William, joiner and builder 
Farmer William, vict. & farmer. Red Lion 
Frater David, vict. Nag's Head 
Green John, boot and shoemakei', Potv- 

burn 
Hall Bobt. boot and shoemaker, Powbum 
Hetherington James, veterinary surgeon 
Holburn the Misses Mary and Ann 
Hudson George, boot and shoemaker 
Hume Eobert, clock and watchmaker 
Kitchen John, saddler 
Lamb James, slater 
Lennie Rev, Duncan (Presbyterian) 
Lilley Isabella, straw bonnet maker 
Mackintosh John, plumber, glazier, and 

painter 
Matthew Eobert, boot and shoemaker 
Matthewson Isaac & Son, general drapers 
Mills Jane, beerhouse keeper 
Patterson Josepb, boot and shoemaker 
Pearey George, blacksmith 



Eeed James, boot and shoemaker 

Eobertson William, M.D. 

Eobson John & Thos. victs. and farmers, 

Plough Inn, Powbum 
Eobson William, shopkeeper^ Powburn 
Thompson Eobert, boot and shoemaker 
Turnbull Y/illiam, butcher and farmer 
Utterson John, grocer, postmaster, and 

draper 
Whenham Wilham and George, tailors 
Wilson William, shopkeeper 
Young John, baker and beerhouse-keeper 

Farmers 

Brooks William, North Field 

Cramont George, North Farm 

Hudson Thomas (and yeoman) 

Park Andrew and Thomas, Glanton Pyke 

Park Joseph, Mile End 

Potts John, Powburn 

Robinson James and Joseph 



LoRBOTTLE is a township and hamlet in this parish, comprising an area of 
2,409 statute acres, the property of Adam x\tkinson, Esq. The rateable value 
of the township is £1,407, and its population in J 801 , was 95 ; in 1811, 118; 
in 1831, 100; in 1831, 128; in 1841, 114; and in 1851, 111. The 
Hamlet of Lorbottle is situated on the north side of Lorbottle-burn, four and a 
half miles north by v^^est of Rothbury. Lorbottle House, the seat of the 
proprietor of the township, is a neat villa occupying a very secluded situation. 

Directory. — Adam Atkinson, Esq., Lorbottle Hall ; George Crozier, 
woodman ; John Dickinson, gamekeeper ; George Mordu, gardener ; and the 
farmers are Thomas and Richard Binks, West Steads ; Ann Drysdale ; and 
— McDonnell, Kiln House. 

Ryle (Great) is a township and hamlet, the property of the Hon. H. T. 
Liddell, M.P., and Hugh Taylor, Esq. The township contains 2,113 acres, 
and its rateable value is £1,407 7s. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, 
was 111; in 1811, 99; in 1821, 99; in 1831, 94; in 1841, 67; and in 
1851, 78 souls. The soil here is principally a strong loam. The Hamlet 
of Ryle is situated three miles west by north of vVhittingham. 

DiREOTORY. — James Tait, Ryle Mill ; and William Thompson, (W. and J. 
Thompson), Great Ryle. 

Ryle (Little) township is situated seven miles west by north of Alnwick. 
Its area is 1,056 acres, and its rateable value £568 9s. Population in 1801, 
50; in 1811, 49; in 1821, 48; in 1831, 40; in 1841, 42; and in 1851,21 
souls. The Hon. H. T. Liddell, M.P., is the sole landowner. Little Ryle 
was the villa and seat of the fourth son of Sir Daniel CoUingwood, of Brandon, 
a descendant of Sir Cuthhert CoUingwood, of Eslington. This ancient family, 
so renowned in border warfare, possessed at one time considerable property in 
this neighbourhood, and often did their followers and dependants repel the 



MMI 



i 



WHITTINOHAM PAEISH, 667 

inroads of tlie Scottish marauders. This township consists of one farm, the 
homestead of wMch appears to have been one of those old ;peels or towers so 
numerous on the borders, 

DiRECTOKY. — Adam Hindmarsh, farmer. 

Shawdon township, situated seven miles west by north of Alnwick, com- 
prises an area of 1,056 acres, and its rateable value is £1,034 13s. It is the 
property of W. J. Pawsou, Esq., and the number of its inhabitants in 1801, 
was 91; in 1811, 95; in 1821, 77; in 1831, 80; in 1841, 94; and in 1851, 
94 souls. In January, 1761, as some workmen were digging in a plantation 
in this township, they found two Roman urns containing human hones. The 
urns were of a globular form, about eighteen inches in diameter, and were 
made of a bluish earth. Near the urns a stone chest, or coffin, was also dis- 
covered, and on digging further, the entire foundation of a triangular building, 
and also a Eoman causeway were brought to light. One of those rare and 
beautiful gold coins, a rose noble of the reign of Edward I., was discovered 
here in January, 1829. On the impress was the figure of the monarch 
seated in a ship of an antique form, and bearing on his shoulder a shield con- 
taining the arms of England, France, and Ireland, with the legend, "sic ib 
at per undas." Shawdon House, the residence of Mrs. Pawson, is a large 
and elegant building, adorned with extensive pleasure grounds and planta- 
tions. It is said to occupy the site of Shawdon Tower, which has long since 
disappeared. 

DiRECTOEY. — Mrs. Pawson, Shawdon Hall; George Bolam, farmer; Mrs. 
Davidson, farmer, Shawdon Hill ; and John Eobinson, joiner. 

Whittingham is a township and village in the parish of the same name, 
the property of Lord Ravensworth. The township comprises an area of 6,103 
acres, and its rateable value is £5,489. Population in 1801, 512; in 1811, 
715; in 1821, 588; in 1831, 611; in 1841, 681; and in 1851, 726 souls. 
This township was formerly held in sergeantry of the kingb}^ drenage service, 
but it now belongs to the above-mentioned proprietor. The vale of Whitting- 
ham has long been famous for the luxuriance of its soil, the excellence of its 
culture, and the general beauty of its appearance. On its rich pastures cattle 
and sheep attain a large size, and its verdant aspect forms a most striking 
contrast with the adjacent mountains, rocks, bogs, and heath, which com- 
prise the surface of Rimside Moor. Thrunton Mill in this township, occupied 
by Messrs William and Thomas Swanson, millers, receives its motion from 
a spring that rises in its vicinity, and which discharges no less than 560 gallons 
of water per minute. A few years ago three spear heads in a perfect state of 
preservation were discovered on the Thrunton Farm, they were presented to 
the Hon. H. T. Liddell, M.P. A stone coffin was also found in the adjoin- 
ing farm of Low Field. 

The Village of Whittingham is pleasantly situated on the banks of the 
Aln, where that river is crossed by the Morpeth and Wooler road, eight miles 
w^est of Alnwick. Here is a strongly fortified tower, formerly used by the 
inhabitants as a place of refuge during the frequent incursions of the Scots. It 
underwent^ thorough renovation, in 1845, at the e.xpense of Lady Ravensworth, 



66^ COQUETDALE WARD— NORTH DIVISION. 

and now serves as a retreat for the deserving poor of botli sexes. A 
fair for black cattle, horses, and c^ercautile goods, is held here on the 94th 
of August ; and there is also an annual flower show held under the patro- 
nage of the Hon., H. T. Liddell, M.P. The Chitrch, dedicated to St. 
Bartholomew, is a neat structure, which, since 1840, has been considerably 
enlarged and othervsdse improved. To carry out this object a bazaar was held 
at Alnwick, in October, 1840, under the most distinguished patronage ; 
the proceeds amounting to upwards of £800. The living, a vicarage in the 
archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery of Rothbury, is valued in the Liber 
Eegis at £13 lis. 3d., gross income £599. The parish register commences 
in 1 658, and the patronage is vested in the Dean and Chapter of Carlisle. Eev. 
Eichard Goodenough, M.A., vicar. The Vicarage is a neat residence, 
situated west of the church. Whitttingham School was erected in 1850, 
at the expense of Lord Ravensworth, who contributes £10 per annum for the 
education often poor boys, and Lady Ravensworth subscribes £12 yearly for 
the tuition of twelve poor girls of the township. The vicar also pays for the 
education of several of the poorer children. There is a library in connexion 
wdth this school ; it is under the patronage of the Hon. H. T. Liddell, M.P., 
contains 300 volumes, and is supported by subscriptions. William Terneut, 
schoolmaster and librarian, Ann Ternent, schoolmistress. 

EsLTNGTON is a hamlet in this tov/nship delightfully situated about two 
miles w^est of Whittingham. It w^as formerly the villa and manor of a family 
which bore the local name, but we find that a mediety of it was possessed by 
one of the Pleselrigge family in 1413. It was afterwards the property of the 
ancient family of Collingw^ood, who held it till the attainder of George Colling- 
wood, in 1715, when it was purchased by Colonel George Liddell, a younger 
son of Sir Thomas Liddell, of Eavensworth, who left it to his nephew the 
late Sir Henry Liddell, whose son Sir Thomas Henry Liddell, wlio w-as 
created Baron Eavensworth in 1821, is the present possessor. Eslington 
House, the residence of the Hon. Henry Thomas Liddell, M.P., is an 
elegant freestone structure, in a modern style of architecture, erected in 1720, 
and is situated in a beautiful lawn, surrounded by handsome pleasure 
grounds, through which the Aln flows. From the north side of the house 
extensive views of the fertile vale of Whittingham, and the surrounding 
country may be obtained. 

Thrunton is another hamlet in this township one mile and a half south- 
east of Whittingham. '\.: 

Charity. — Matthew Hedley by his will dated 6th March, 1827, gave 'to 
the churchwardens of W^hittingham £100, to be laid out by them in govern- 
ment securities, and the interest given to the poor of Whittuigham every 
Christmas-day for ever. 

Post Ofpice, Whittingham.— Frances Taylor, postmistress. Letters arrive here' 
from Alnwick, at ll-4t3 a.m., and are despatched thereto at 6 p.m. 



Biggs John, millwright 
Chambers James, shoemaker 
ClarkRobert, blacksmith 



Dixon William, draper and grocer i;,.^ 

Dickinson Thomas, gamekeeper, Eslingibtt 
Errington Albert, woodman ' 



COQUETDALE WAED — SOUTH DIVISION. 



669 



Elliott William, constable for the uorth- 
■west division of Coquetdale Ward 

Goodenough Eev. Kobert, M.A., vicar, 
Vicarage 

Gra}' Eobert, tailor 

Henderson George, tailor 

Henderson John, blacksmith 

Liddell Hon. Henry Thomas, M.P. Esling- 
ton House 

Moffat Mary, dressmaker 

Oliver Anthony, gardener, Eslington 

Pile Adam, vict. Castle Inn 

Eeid Thomas, joiner and cartva'ight 

Suthern William, joiner 

Svran Kobert, farm-steward, Eslington 

Tait James, tailor 

Taylor Frances, postmistress 

Taylor William, A'ict. 

Ternent William, schoolmaster 



Thompson Christopher, cooper and shop- 
keeper 



Farmers 
Allen Adam, Eslington 
Bell James, Low Barton 
Caull John, Eot Hill 
Cowley Eobert, Mountain Farm 
Morrison Dickinson 
Palhster William, Flowbalk 
Eoss James 

Stephenson John, Thrunton 
Sv/anson William and Thomas, Thrunton 

Mill 
Rankin Ealph, Whittingham Lane 
Waugh Edward, Thrunton Low Field 
Y/etheritt George 
Wetheritt Luke, Mount Holly 



Carrie E to Newcastle, Robert Ord. 



COQUETDALE WARD— SOUTH DIVISION, 



ELSDON PAEISH. 



Elsdon, an extensive parish forming the whole south division of Coquet- 
dale Ward, is bounded on the north by Holystone chapelry, on the west by 
Eamshope and Scotland, on the south by Tindale Ward, and on the east by 
Hothbury. The parish, which is about 20 miles in length, and from six to 
twelve miles in breadth, comprises an area of 74,917 acres, and its population 
in 1801, was 1,694; in 1811, 7,821 ; in 1821, 1,848; in 1831, 1,724; in 
1841, 1,680; and in 1851, 1,643 souls. It embraces the townships of 
Elsdon Ward, situated on a branch of the river Reed ; and those of Monkridge 
Ward, Otterburn Ward, Rochester Ward, Troiighend Ward, and Woodside 
Ward. It is an extensive vale, enclosed on the nortli side by an irregular 
ridge of hills, and on the south by a ridge much more regular. The hills on 
both sides are of considerable elevation, and invariably clad in heath, except 
a small part of those near the source of the river Reed, where they begin to 
participate in the nature of those in Roxburghshire. Several brooks, or burns, 
fall into the Reed from the hills on both sides. The parish appears to have 
been at one time almost an entire forest, and several remnants of it still 
remain on the banks of the Reed, consisting of birch, alder, and willow, with 



670 COQUETDALE WAED — SOUTH DIVISION. 

here and there a mountain ash. In the forests of the Reed and the Tyne, 
were reared those brave and dexterous archers, who often tried their skill 
with the bold rangers of Ettrick Forest : — '' 

" In Eedesdale his youth had heard |j 

Each art her wily dalesmen dared ; ,.^'' 

When Eooken-edge and Reedswair high, . " 

To bugle rung, and bloodhound's ciy, 
Announcing Jedwood's axe and spear, 
And Lid'sdale's riders in the rear ; 
And well his venturous Hfe had proved 
The lessons that his childhood loved." 

Scott. 

Some years ago this parish displayed little else than large neglected heaths 
and extensive morasses, which exhibited the most desolate appearance ; but 
the spirit of improvement moved over these uncultivated wilds, large tracts 
of barren moor were enclosed, and converted into grazing gi'ound for the 
rearing and feedmg of cattle and sheep. This parish contains some fine 
seams of coal, and there are numerous collieries throughout the district. 
Limestone and ironstone also abound here. 

Elsdon Waed is a township and village in this parish, the property of the 
Duke of Northumberland, Charles William Ord, Esq., Robert Delisle, Esq., 
the trustees of Rothbuiy Grammar School, and several freehold proprietors. 
It contains 6,404 acres, and its rateable value is £2,103. The number of 
inhabitants in 1801, was 267 ; in 1811, 325; in 1821, 299 ; in 1831, 306; 
in 1841, 282; and in 1851, 313 souls. The lordship of Elsdon was formerly 
the property of the Clennell family, from whom it passed to the Greys of 
Chilliugham, and afterwards to Charles Howard, Esq., of Overacres, whose 
son sold it to the first Duke of Northumberland, in whose family it still remains. 

The Village of Elsdon is pleasantly situated eighteen miles W.N.W. of 
Morpeth. It is supposed to have been a Roman town in the time of 
M. Aurelius Antonius, and was probably the first of a chain of forts between 
Watling-street and its eastern branch, called the Devil's Causeway. At a 
short distance north-east of the village is an entrenchment designated Moat 
Hill ; it is of a conical shape, surrounded by a moat, or ditch, and is supposed 
to have been used as a watch-hill and place of sepulture by the Romans. 
There are also several other " remains" in the neighbourhood. The market 
is held on Tuesday, and a fair for cattle, sheep, linen, and woollen cloth, is 
held on the 26th of August. The Chukch, dedicated to St. Cuthbert, is a 
large, ancient, cruciform structure, and having lately undergone extensive 
repairs, is now in a good state of preservation . The living is a rectoiy in the 
archdeaconry of Lindisfame and deanery of Rothbuiy, valued in the Liber 
Regis at £20 ; gross income, £700. The tithes were commuted in 1839, 
aggregate amount £800. Patron, the Duke of Northumberland ; rector, the 
Rev. John Baillie, M.A. ; curate, the Rev. Robert S. Moore, B.A. The 
Rectory House is the ancient castle of Elsdon. It is a square embattled 
tower, and on its front are sculptured the arms of the Umfravilles. Here is 
a school under the patronage of the rector, who gives £20 per annum towards 



ELSDON PARISH. 



671 



its support. Tliere is also a library containing 160 volumes, which is supported 
hy subscriptions. William MofFett, schoolmaster, librarian, and parish clerk. 
Chaeities. — Martin Hall, in 1703, bequeathed a rent charge of Jgl 4s. to 
the poor of this parish ; and John Hedley, in 1746, left £40, the interest of 
which was to be distributed amongst the poorest people in Elsdon Ward and 
Woodside Ward, either on St. John's day or Easter Monday, at Elsdon Church. 
Through the insolvency of a person to whom this money was lent, only £7 10s. 
was devoted to the purposes of the charity. This sum was placed out, and 
its interest, amountmg to 7s. 6d. per annum, is divided amongst the poor of 
the two divisions above mentioned. 

■'- Post Office, Elsdon, Hector Clsirke, postmaster. Letters arrive, from Newcastle, at 
2-30 p.m., and are despatched thereto at 4-40 p.m. 



Amos Andrew, shopkeeper 

Baillie Eev. John, M.A. Elsdon Tower 

Bahintine John, tailor 

Garr George, clogmaker 

Charlton Matthew, shopkeeper 

Clark Hector, shopkeeper 

Davidson Isaac, blacksmith, &c. 

Davidson Isaac, juur. blacksmith, &c. 

Dodds Thomas, joiner and cartwright 

Hargreave William, tailor 

Keith Thomas, vict. farmer, and registrar 

of births and deaths, Croion Inn 
Moffett William, schoolmaster 
Moore Kev. Kobert S., B.A. curate 
Eobson Kobert, vict. Scotch Arms 
Scott John, shoemaker 
Slassor Wilham, tailor 
Taylor George, boot and shoemaker 
Thompson and Jackson, coal owners, 

Cat Pool 
Waugh John, stonemason 



Whaley John, vict. and carrier, Bird in 
Bush Inn 

farmers 

2tTarked * are yeomen. 

Brown James, West Dudlees 
Charleton Michael, Whitlees 
♦Charleton Peter, North Eiding 
*Charleton Eichard, Whiskershield 
*Charleton Thomas, East Todholes 
Davidson John, Elsdon 
Faill WiUiam, East Nook 
Hall Alexander, and miller, Elsdon Mill 
Hall Hannah, Land Shot 
Hall Eobert, Burn Stones 
Hedley John, junr. South Eiding 
* Hedley Wilham, Middle Eiding 
♦Nicholson Ealph, Hudspeth 
♦Storey Henry, Henning Hall 
Thompson John, Hill Head 



MoNKRiDGE Ward is a township one mile and three quarters west by south 
of Elsdon. It comprises an area of 5,451 acres, and its rateable value is 
dei,3yi. Population in 1801,98; in 1811, 109; in 1821, 109; in 1831, 
106; in 1841, 111 ; and in 1851, 93 souls. The principal proprietors are 
Nicholas R. Reed, Esq., Sir Walter Trevelyan, Bart., Charles W. Ord, Esq., 
Nicholas Maughan, Esq., and Henry and Edward Storey, Esqs. This town- 
ship consists principally of luxuriant pastures, and was formerly the property 
of some religious establishment, the ruins of which, in the shape of hewn 
stones, are found here. Monkridge Ward produces coal and ironstone in 
large quantities. Here are the remains of a large entrenched camp, but 
whether Roman or British it is not determined. 

Directory. — The farmers in this township are James Atkin, Hole ; Robert 
Hedley (and overseer), Monkridge ; George Green, yeoman and vict. Stcufs' 
Head, Realees ; William and Edward Green, Realees ; John Stokoe, Dyke 
Nook ; William Watson, Ravenscleugh ; and Robert Woods, Halls Hill. 



072 COQUETDALE Y7AED — SOUTH DIVISION. 

Otteeburn Waed is a township and small village tlie property of tlie Duke 
of Nortliumberland, Eobeit Delisle, Esq., Eicliard B. Sanderson, Esq., 
Lord Decies, Lord Redesdale, T. Wilkinson, Esq., Thomas James, Esq., 
the Misses Davidsons, Messrs. Murray, Messrs. Storey, and Mr. William 
Hedley. The township contains 8,517 acres; its rateable value is ^£'2,870, 
and the number of inhabitants in 1801, was 364; in 1811, 397; in 1821, 
388 ; in 1831, 385 ; in 1041, 412 ; and in 1851, 415 souls. The manor of 
Otterbum was the property of the Umfravilles at a veiy early period, but wo 
find that it was possessed by the Crown in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, since 
which period it has belonged to several families. This township is pleasantly 
situated on the north side of the Reed water, and contains the remains of 
many old "Peels" and "Cairns." The Village of Otterburn is on the 
north bank of the Eeed three miles west of Elsdon. Here is a United Presby- 
tei'ian chapel, erected in 1834, upon a site given by Thomas James, Esq., of 
Otterburn Tower. This place is celebrated as the scene of a desperate contest 
between the English and Scots, under the command of Henry Percy and Earl 
Douglas, in which the former was taken prisoner and the latter killed. The 
battle was fought by moonlight on the 19th August, 1 388. Half a mile from 
the village, in a stunted wood, and about one hundred yards from the road, 
stands a ruined cross of some twenty or thirty feet high, to mark the spot where 
Douglas fell. An avenue has been left in the wood from tbe road to the 
cross, to allow those who love to trace the scenes of ancient poesy and story, 
to visit the spot, where, according to one of the best ballads in our language — 



" Leading life, Earl Percy took 
The dead man by the hand, 
And said— Earl Douglas, for thy life 
Would I could give my land." 



Otterbukn Tower, a fine old mansion, ornaments the village. 



Anderson Eobert, yeoman and Vict. JPcrcy 

Arms 
Boiston Dorothy, carrier 
Coward E. S. Esq. Otterburn Dean 
Christie Eev. Anthony (Presbyterian) 
Ferguson James, schoolmaster 
Hickson Thomas, blacksmith 
James Thomas, Esq., Otterburn Tower 
Lambert Eobert, tailor 
Marshall John, gamekeeper 
Mitchell John, surgeon 
Mitchell Mai'garet, grocer, di'aper, and 

postmistress 
Eobertson Ed^rard C, surgeon 
Eobson William, joiner 
Thompson William, boot and shoemaker 
nallace James, joiner 



Waddle William, woollen manufacturer, 

Otterbum Mill 
Waddle Thomas, shopkeeper 

Farmers 
Anderson Archibold, Shuttle Heugh 
Brodie Joseph and Jas. Monkridge Hall 
Brodie Michael and Joseph, Hedrington 
Brown Thomas, Davyshield 
Clark Hector, and John, Davyshield 
Fon-est and Eedshaw, Close Head 
Hedley Geoi'ge, Town Head 
Heron James, Soppit 
Patterson John and James, Overaeres 
Eutherford Eobert, Cole Well Hill 
Thompson John, Farneycleugh 
Tumbull William, Hope Foot 



ELSDON PAllISH. ,073 

Rochester Ward is a town&hip and Tillage, the property of the Duke of 
Northumberland, Lord Eedesdale, Ralph Carr, Esq., the heirs of the late 
Nicholas Dodd, Esq., Robert Delisle, Esq., John Davison, Esq., Cuthbert Elli- 
son, Esq., A. C. Forster, Esq., Y\^. Ord, Esq., Lord Decies, and others. The 
township contains 23,068 acres, and its rateable value is £4,246. Population 
in 1801, 379; in 1811, 4:^7; in 1821, 491; in 1831, 467; in 1841, 437; 
and in 1851, 446 souls. The Duke of Northumberland is lord of the manor. 
The Village of Rochester is situated seven and a half miles W.N.W. of 
Elsdon, and in its neighbourhood are a few remains of the important Roman 
station Bremeuium, where, during some excavations which were made about 
two years ago, many coius, altars, &c. were brought to light. This station 
occupied the brow of a steep rocky hill, commanding the pass of Redesdale. 
Steep and rugged hills rise upon every side except the south, where the Reed 
pursues its course through a d<?ep valley. From its position and the 
manner in which it v.-as defended, this station was esteemed the strongest 
the Romans possessed in the north. The Roman road, called Watling Street, 
crossed the Reed afElishaw, and passed close by the eastern side of this 
statiou, and that at Chew Green, whence it proceeded northward and entered 
Scotland at Black Hall Hill. Many British remains have been discovered in 
this neighbourhood Rochester School was endowed in 1850 with £10 per 
annum by Lord Pvcdesdale ; there is also a house and garden for the teacher. 
Redesdale Cottage the residence of Edward Lawsoii, Esq., is a handsome 
mansion occupying an eminence on the Roman Road. At Horsley in this 
township there is a chapel dedicated to the Holy Trinity. It was erected in 
1844 at a cost of £725, of which sum the Church Building Society gave £150, 
the Diocesan Society £50, Lord Redesdale gave the site, stone, and a donation 
of £100, and the Duke of Northumberland contributed £150 : the remainder 
was obtained by voluntary subscriptions. It is a chapel of ease to Elsdon 
parish, and forms a joint living with Byrness. 

BiRDHOPE Craig is a hamlet in this township situated eight and a half 
miles north-west by north of Elsdon. Traces of two large entrenchments are 
still observable near this place, 

Byrness is another hamlet in this township situated on the north bank of 
the Reed twelve miles north-west by west of Elsdon. There has been a burial 
ground here from time immemorial, and in consequence of its distance from 
the parish church, a Chapel of Ease was erected in 1800, and endowed 
with £1,750, of which £1,200 was given by the Rev. L. Dutens, at that time 
rector of Elsdon, £400 by the Governors of Queen Anne's Bounty, and £150 
by the subscribers to the edifice. The living, a perpetual curacy in the arch- 
deaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery of Rothbury, is in the patronage of the 
rector of Elsdon, and incumbency of the Rev. John Burrell. Chapelry of 
Byrness School. — Twelve children of poor parents within a limited distance 
of Byrness Chapel receive instruction from the resident curate, without any 
charge. The children are appointed by the rector of Elsdon, whenever 
a vacancy occurs. 



674 



COQUETDALE WARD— SOUTH DIVISION. 



Elishaw is also a hamlet in this township, five miles west by north of Els- 
don, and is the property of Lord Redesdale. Many vestiges of the Roman 
occupation of this country may still be observed in this neighbourhood. Sills- 
burn Foot is another hamlet situated eight miles W.N.W. of Elsdon ;at the . 
western extremity of Rochester Ward. ;?;iii'io"Pl 



Newcastle, at 3 p.m., and are despatched thereto at 3-20 p.m. 



Austin Thomas, inland revenue officer 

Blakey Rohert, schoolmaster 

Bickerton James, tailor 

Brown John, shoemaker 

Buglas John, butcher 

Buglas Thomas, draper 

BurreU Eev. John, incumbent, Byrness 

Dickson John, vict. and farmer, Redesdale 

Arms, Horsley, and post horses 
Dodds .James, shopkeeper and postmaster 
Dodds Thomas, shoemaker 
Gray William John, Esq. Low Eochester 
Hall A. & M, shopkeepers 
Hedley WilUam, gamekeeper 
Hunter James, joiner 
Hope Mary, shopkeeper 
Lawson Edward, land agent to Lord Ee- 

desdale, Redesdale Cottage 
Lighten Robert, tailor 
Milboume Henry, vict. Fox and Hounds, 

Redlees 
Murray Alexander, inland revenue officer 
Oliver Andrew, shopkeeper, Bellshield 



Robson Briggs, boot and shoemaker, Ben- 
net's Field 
Urwin George, farrier 

Farmers 
Amos Mary, Dyke Head 
Anderson Ephraim, Sillone 
Brown Isabella & Son, Tuft House 
Davison Thomas, Elishaw 
Dodd John, and yeoman, Catcleugh 
Douglas Thomas, Birch Hill 
Douglas Wilham, Sills 
Easton John, Pitty Knows 
Hall Henry, Jetsfield 
Hedley George, Stubbs 
Ord Thomas, Lumsdon 
Patterson Christopher, Begrow 
Richardson James, and yeoman, Sillone 
Robson Mark, and overseer, Hillock 
Reed Nicholas Redley, & yeoman, Byrness 
Snaith Anthony, DucUees 
Snaith Thomas, Low Byrness 
Telfer Wilham, Low Eochester 
Wilson William, gent. Hopesley House 



Troughend Ward, a township situated on the south side of the Reed, 
four miles and a half west of Elsdon, is the property of the Duke of North- 
umberland, Lord Redesdale, Ralph Carr, Esq., James Dodds, Esq., Robert 
Delisle, Esq., Cuthbert Ellison, Esq., Nicholas R. Reed, Esq., William and 
Henry Thompson, Esqs., and others. The Duke of Northumberland is lord 
of the manor. The rateable value is £4,693 10s., and the area comprises 
26,010 acres. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 393 ; in 1811, 380 ; 
in 1821, 397 ; in 1831, 327 ; in 1841, 314 ; and in 1851, 264 souls. Coal is 
abundant in this township. Troughend Hall, the ancient residence of the 
Reed family, is now occupied by Messrs. William and Heuiy Thompson. 
GrARRESHEELS AND Rattenraw are hamlcts in this township ; the former is 
situated on the south side of the Reed three miles and a half west of Elsdon, 
and the latter is about five miles and a half west by north of the same place. 

Directory. — The farmers in this township are Mrs. Charlton, Ash Trees ; 
Edward and John Fletcher, Nether Houses ; Mary Hedley and Son, Garret- 
sheels ; William Hedley (and yeoman), Woodhill ; Robert Nicholl, Wool Law; 
John Snaith, Bleakhope ; Michael Thompson, Birdhope ; William and Henry 
Thompson (and yeomen), Troughend Hall ; and Thomas Taylor, beor-retailer, 
Toll Bar. 



glendale waed. 



675 



WooDsiDE Waed is a township, extending from one mile and a half to five 
miles north of Elsdon. It contains 6,467 acres, and its rateable value is 
dei,346. Populationin 1801,193; in 1811, 173; in 1821, 164; in 1831, 
131 ; in 1841, 124 ; and in 1851, 112 souls. The landowners are the Duke 
of Northumberland, who is also lord of the manor, C. W. Ord, Esq., W. Hedley, 
Esq., W. W. Bardon, Esq., C. A. Forster, Esq., Lord Decies, Sir W. B. Eid- 
dell, Bart., and the Misses Davidsons. There is a coal pit, a brick and tile 
works, and a corn mill in this township ; there is also a deer park, the pro- 
perty of C. W. Ord, Esq. High Caertck, the residence of Thomas Arkle, 
Esq., is pleasantly situated on a gentle declivity, which commands extensive 
views of the surrounding country. 



Clark Henry, brick and tile manufacturer, 

Overstone Tile Works 
Proudlock George, coal owner, Overstone 

Colliery 
Snaith George, gamekeeper 

Farmers 
Arkle Thos. and superintendent registrar 

of births, deaths, and marriages for the 

Eothbury Union, High Carrick 



Brodie John, Wainford Rigg 
Hall Ephraim, Grasslees 
Herbert Andrew and John, Laing's Hill 
Herbert Robert, Craigh 
Snaith Thomas and Nicholas, Highshaw 
Stevenson William, John, and Andrew, and 
millers, Grasslees Mill 



Ramshope is an extra parochial place, at the extremity of Elsdon parish, 
on the north side of the Reed, ffteen miles W.N.W. of Elsdon. It is the 
property of George Dodd, Esq., and comprises an area of 1,010 acres, the 
rateable value of wliich is £375. It contains only one house, and in 1851, 
there were thirteen inhabitants. It is occupied by Henry Thompson, farmer 
and grazier. 



GLENDALE WAED. 



Glekdale Waed, comprising one market town, Wooler, and nine parishes, 
is bounded on the north by Islandshire and Norhamshire, on the west by 
Scotland, on the south by Coquetdale Ward, and on the east by Bambrough 
Ward. It is divided into two divisions, East and West, whose united area is 
109,816 statute acres, and its population in 1801, was 10,091; in 1841, 
12,466 ; and in 1851, 12,522 souls. It is said to derive its name from the 
river Glen, which is formed by the junction of two small streams near 
Kirk Newton, whence it flows easterly and falls into the Till, which 
crosses the Ward from south to north ; but the more probable opinion is, that 
it has obtained its name from the number of glens with which this division 
of the county abounds. Besides the rivers just mentioned, there are a 

2s2 



676 



GLENDALE WARD EAST DIVISION. 



number of small streams, and the Tweed, for a few miles of its course, forms 
the north-western boundary of the ward. The soil in the valleys is generally 
of a sandy or gi'avelly nature, Ij'ing principally on a substratum of pebbles, 
but on the higher parts of the district the lands are cooler and more retentive. 
Goal, limestone, shell, marl, and brown, red, and grey whinstone are the 
principal minerals. During the last half centuiy the soil of this "ward lias 
been much improved by the superior s^'stem of agriculture adopted by the 
various proprietors, and the beauty of its picturesque and romantic scenery 
has been greatly enhanced by numerous plantations and handsome residences. 
The following table exhibits the names of the parishes, their acreage, number 
of houses and population in 1851 : — 



PARISHES, &c. 


Acres. 


Houses. 


POPULATION. 


Males. 


Females. 


Tota 


Branston ....<>...•.• 


1,487 

10,382 

7,000 

4,929 

9,110 

11,464- 

37,976 

12,526 

4,852 


55 
258 
316 

75 
181 
453 
315 
402 
301 


135 
658 
841 
179 
383 
1,130 
849 
955 
900 


U9 ' 

704 

924 

201 

442 

1,192 

883 

1 980 

' 1,005 


284 
1,362 
1,705 
380 
825 
2,322 
1,732 
1,941 
1,911 


CarliRiH •■.•• «... 


Chatton 


Gliillii!i'''l'iani •..>••.«>• 




Ford 











GLENDALE WARD.— EAST DIVISION. 



CHATTON PARISH. 



Chatton parish is bounded on the north by Lowick and Doddlngton 
parishes, on the west by Wooler and Eglingham, on the south by Eglingham 
and Chilhngham, and on the east by Bambrough and Belford parishes. It is 
about seven and a half miles in length by the same in breadth, and has an 
area of of 17,090 acres. Population in 1801, 1133; in 1811, 1,378; in 
1821, 1,460; in 1831, 1,633; in 1841, 1,725; and in 1851, 1,765 souls. 
It comprises the townships of Chatton, Fowberiy, Hazelrig, Hetton, Hetton 
House, Horton, Lyham, and Weetwood, whose returns are included in those 
of the parish. This district is intersected by the river Till, a rapid stream, 
^Yhich rises southward of the Cheviot Hills/ and is fed by various springs 



CHATTON PAIIISH. 



677 



om that wild expanse of coiintiy, as it encompasses it at a considerable 
stance, till it falls into the Tweed, below Conihill'. This river flows through 
pleasant valley in the midst of a rude, encircling waste, and its banks ^re 
lorned by several villages. In the neighbourhood of the Till, the soil is 
rtile and w^ell cultivated, but the east and west per lions of the parish are 
jnerally sterile and heathy. Coal and limestone are found in this district. 
CiiATTON, a township and village in the parish of the same narne, is the 
L'operty of the Duke of Northumberland, who is also lord of the manor. 
HE Village of Ghatton is situated near the river Till, four miles east of 
k^ooler. The Chuech, dedicated to the Holy Cross, is a neat modern edifice, 
:ected in 1763, and the parish register commences in 1715. The living is 
Lcarage in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery of Norham, rated 
I the Liber Regis at £1'2 6s. O^d. ; gross income £1 99. Patron, the Duke 
f Northumberland ; vicar, the Rev. Matthew EurreK In March 1814, as 
le sexton was digging a grave on the north side of Chatton Church, he found 
stone coffin, containing the remains of a human body, about ten inches 
slow the surface. It was secured and neatly covered vrith three stones, 
'he skull was almost perfect, but nearly full of w^ater, and the teeth of the 
pper jaw w^ere a full set; the thigh bone measured eighteen inches. The 
irth being carefully examined, one of Robert Bruce's silver pennies was 
)und, as also a steel spur, and several relics of ornamental brass and iron-work, 
apposed to be the remains of the helmet of the warrior who had been in- 
3rred in tbe coffin. • The Rev. Joseph Cook, of Newton Hall, vicar of 
Ihatton, offers the following remarks on the discovery of this ancient stone 
offiu. "Tn 1318 Robert Bruce and his adherents had been excommunicated 
y the Pope for contumacy to the messengers of his holiness, and having 
ssaulted and taken the fortress of Berwick, as w^ell as the Castles of 
Vark, Harbottle, and Mitford, and laid waste all the intervening country, it 
> probable that the warrior now alluded to, fell at this juncture, and that the 
icar of Chatton, on the strength of the above-named anathema, refused 
epulture to his remains in any other part of the consecrated ground, than 
bat of the north side of the church, the place in those times allotted, I 
elieve, for the unhallowed interment of excommunicated unfortunates." 



Post Office, Chatton.— Eobert Tindall, Poatmaster, 
re despatched at 4-0 p.m. 



Letters arrivs at ^-0 p.m., and 



5eattie WiliiaiD, mason 

Jrown Jane, shopkeepei- 

lurrell Sev. Mattbev/, vicaf 

Iriuldey Barbara, shopkeeper 

;olevin Wilham, tailor 

)avison Ann, shopkeeper 

)onaldson Joseph, schoolmaster 

)ouglas John, tailor 

)oug]as Mary, vict. Boot 

jibbison Thomas, shopkeeper 

jribson George, shopkeeper 

lall R. & Co. brick and tile manufactureris 



Henderson Thomas, vict. brewer and 

malster, Woolsinghmn Bell 
Jobson Robert, gardener 
Jobson Williani) boot and shoemaker 
Muckle Charles, mason 
Muckle John, tailor 
Muckle Robeii, tailor 
Nesbit James, baker 
Patterson William, mason 
Pyle George, blacksmith 
Priugle William, mason 
Hogerfa Miss Elizabeth 



678 GLENDALE WARD — EAST DIVISION. 



Eogers Nicholas, nursery and seedsman 

Taylor William, saddler ~ 

Tate James, shopkeeper 

Tindall Eobert, grocer and draper 

Wood John, butcher 

Wilson John, joiner 

Young Rev. David, (Presbyterian) 

Farmers 
.Anderson George 
Chartres Thomas, Eeddish Hall 



Dixon Edward, Sandy ford 

Douglas J^Iary 

Gilholm Edward, Bridge Earm 

Laidler Thomas, Henlaw 

Maddison Thomas, Wandon, Eowberry 

New Hall, and Blakelaw 
Marshall John, Chatton Pai'k 
Pyle George 

Eogers Nicholas, Ammerside Law 
Tindall John, and miller, Broom House 



Cold:m:aetin township is situated one mile south-east of Wooler, and the 
principal residents are Richard Henderson, farmer; Mr. Christopher 
Hopper ; and Elizabeth Millican, farmer, 

FowBERRY is a township two miles east by south of Wooler, the property 
of George Cully, Esq., of Fowherry Tower. This place was the manor and 
estate of William de Fowherry, in the reign of Edward L, of Robert de 
Fowherry, in the time of Edward IV., and of William de Fowbeny, in 
1524. From the I'owberry's, it passed to the Strothers, of Kirk Newton, 
and about eighty years ago became the property of the family of the 
present proprietor. Fowberry Tower, the residence of George Culley, Esq., 
is pleasantly and romantically situated on the south bank of the Till. 

Directory. — George Culley, Esq., Fowbeny Tower ; Richard Beattie, 
mason ; Mrs. Helen Darling, Fowberry Tower ; Andrew Steel, blacksmith ; 
Mr. Edward Johnson, Claveriug's Cottage ; and the farmers are Margaret 
Clark, Moor; James Moffitt, Fowbeny Main; and J. A. and J. Robinson. 

Hazelrig township, the property of Lady Stanley, and the executors of 
. William Bayley, Esq., is situated six miles north-east of Wooler, and its 
principal inhabitants are George Johnson, schoolmaster; James Purvis, 
blacksmith; and the farmers are George Davison, South Hazelrig ; Alexander 
Ford, and corn miller, Hazelrig Mill; and William Nicholson, North 
Hazelrig. 

Hetton township is situated five miles N. N. E. of Wooler, and is the 
property of Fairfax Feaniley, Esq. It contains the small hamlets called Hetton- 
Law, Hetton Steads, Coal Houses, and Crook Houses. — The principal resi- 
dents are John Cuthbertson, joiner, cartwright, and farmer, Coal-Law ; Robert 
Bowie, farmer, coalowner, and limebunier, Hetton-Law, and Crook House ; 
James Henry, blacksmith ; Thomas Henry, farmer, Coal House ; and Thomas 
and Ralph Moffett, farmers, Hetton Steads. 

Hetton House, a small township three and a half miles E. N. E. of 
Wooler, is the property of George Culley, Esq., and is occupied by Richard 
Henderson, farmer. 

HoRTON is a townsliip and hamlet the proj)erty of George Culley, Esq. 
This estate was formerly held of the barony of Vesci, for half a Knight's fee, 
by William de Tuber\dlle, and it afterwards became the property of a junior 
branch of the Greys of Chillingham, coming ultimately into the possession 
of the present proprietor. Of the once strong castle of Horton scarcely a 



CmLLINaHAM PAElSH. 6T9 

vestige now remains. The Hamlet of Horton is situated three miles nortli- 
east of Wooler. 

DiEECTORY. — Mrs. Mary Ann Berwick ; Edward Lillie, blacksmith ; and 
William Turnbull, farmer. 

Ltham township is situated six miles E. N. E. of Wooler. The principal 
residents are Thomas Aitchison, farmer ; Ralph Craig, farmer, North Lyhara; 
and David Turnbull, farmer, West Lyham. 

Weetwood is a township situated two miles north-east of Wooler. An 
annual fair is held at Weetwood Bank, on Whit Tuesday, when there are very 
large shows of cattle, horses, and sheep. Servants are also hired at this fair. 
Weetwood Hall, the seat of Major Ord, is pleasantly situated on the north 
bank of the Till. 

Directory. — Major John B. Ord, Weetwood Hall; and the farmers are 
George Bone, Weetwood Hill ; and Thomas F. Ord, Weetwood Hall. 

CHILLINGHAM PARISH. 

Chilltngham is a small parish bounded on the north by Chatton, on the 
west and south by Ellingham, and on the east by Bambrough Ward. It is a 
fertile and well cultivated district, comprising the townships of Chillingham, 
Hebburn, and Newton, whose united area is 4,926 acres. The population in 
1801, was 451; in 1811, 301; in 1821,356; in 1831, 477; in 1841, 459; 
and in 1851, 380 souls. This decrease of population is attributed partly to the 
employment of fewer labourers on farms which have been laid down to pasture, 
and partly to the reduction of the* establishment at the castle. 

Chillingham is a township and village in the parish of the same name, 
containing in 1801, a population of 299; in 1811, of 119; in 1821, of 146 ; 
in 1831, of 199 ; in 1841, of 217 ; and in 1851, of 158 souls. It is the 
property of the Earl of Tankerville, and its acreage is returned with the parish. 
Chillingham manor was formerly held under the barony of Vesci by the Henter- 
combe family, and afterwards passed to the Greys of Wark, one of whom, Sir 
William Grey, was raised to the peerage in 1623, by the style and title of 
Lord Grey, of Wark. On his death, in 1674, he was succeeded by his son, 
w^ho, in 1695, was created Viscount Glendak, and Earl of Tankerville. These 
titles became extinct in 1701, on the death of the first earl without male issue. 
His only daughter having married Charles Bennet, Lord Ossulston, the title 
and dignity of Earl Tankerville was revived in his favour in 1714. His son 
Charles, the next earl, was Lord-lieutenant of Northumberland, and Knight of 
the Order of the Thistle, but he died in 1753, and was succeeded by his son 
Charles, upon whose demise in ]767, the family honours and estates devolved 
upon his son Charles, who dying in 1822, was succeeded by his eldest son 
Charles Augustus Bennet, the present Earl of Tankerville, who is a privy 
councillor, and has been treasurer of the Queen's household. The family of 
Bennet, was originally of Clapcot, in Berkshire. 

The Village of Chillingham is situated four and a half miles east by south 
of Wooler. The Church is dedicated to St. Peter, and the parish register 



680 GLENDALE WAED— EAST DIVISION. 

commences in 1 696, The living, a vicarage in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne, 
and deanery of Bambrough, is vakied in the Liber Eegis at £4 ; gross income 
£340. Patron, the Bishop of Durham. Kev. Wilham Dodd, vicar. In the 
chm'ch= there is a beautiful raised tomb of alabaster, curiously ornamented, 
over one of the ancient family of the Greys, barons of "VVark. The Parish 
School is a neat stone building erected in 1835, at a cost of £300. The 
Earl of Tankerviile gives £10 per annum for the education of ten poor 
children, W. G. Thomson, teacher. 

Chillingham Castle, the seat of the Earl of Tankerviile, stands on a fine 
eminence, surrounded by trees. It is a square heavj- structure of Elizabethan 
architecture, four stories high in the wings and three in the centre. There is 
here a marble chimney-piece, in sawing which, a live toad of large size 
was found. The nidus in which it lay has been filled up with cement, but a 
painting of this wonderful phenomenon is preserved in the castle. There are 
here also good portraits of Bacon, Burleigh, Buckingham, King Charles I., 
and James II. On a rocky eminence, at the head of the park, is a circular 
double entrenchment called Boss Castle, which was undoubtedly a fort of the 
ancient Britons, for Ross, both in the old Celtic and in the Gaelic, signifies 
a promontory. Chillingham park contains a large herd of deer, and is cele- 
brated for the only uncontaminated breed of \Yild cattle in the kingdom. 
This breed is called the white Scottish bison. There is a vague tradition that 
they were originally enclosed from the Northumbrian, or Caledonian forests, 
in the reign of King John, or Henry III., when the park was first surrounded; 
but their existence here has long been considered an interesting problem of 
natural history. The general opinion is, that they are remnants of the ancient 
breed of wild oxen, w^hich, in earlier periods, pastured over the country, particu- 
larly in its northern parts. The herd possesses all the characters of the wild 
species, by hiding their young, feeding by night, remaining in security by day, and 
changing their positions when anyperson approaches, even ata great distance. In 
some parts of the park they will, however, allow persons to come within ,% 
moderate distance, when they snufi the wind, and it alarmed retreat witE 
great velocity, taking advantage of the irregularities of the ground, by which 
they are soon concealed from sight. They are described as beautifully sliaped, 
having short legs, and a straight back, and their horns differing from those 
of ordinaiy cattle ; the muzzle of the animal is brown, the ears are red, and 
the body is of a pure white. When any of their number become old or dis- 
eased, the rest of the herd will set upon it, and gore it to death, and in 
addition to all these characteristics of wild cattle, they appear to. be of ^ 
species quite distinct from the English oxen. i2i 

Post Office, Chillingham. — Thomas Forster, postmaster. Letters arrive at 1 p.m^, 
and are despatched at 4-30 p.m. f! 

Directory. — The Eight Hon. Lord Ossulston, ChiUingham Castle ; Bey,_'^ 
Bobert Dodd, vicar ; Robert Bowie, gardener to the Earl of Tanker\illej^ 
"VVilham Hardy, baihff to the Earl of Tankerviile ; Mr. William G. Greep^f 
The Barns; George Jeffrey, blacksmith ; Mr. John Jeffrey; an4>Yill^^'- 
George Thompson, schoolmaster. - - 1 — - 



DODDIL'GTON PARISH. ' 681 

Hebburn is a to\Ynsliip and hamlet tlie property of the Earl of Taiikerville. 
The population of the township iu 1801, ^Yas 121 ; in 1811, 84; in 1821, 
93 ; in 1831, 137 ; in 1811, 108; and in 1851, 107 souls. The Hamlet 
of Hebburn is situated one mile and a half south-east of Chillingham. 

Directory. — William Bogue, farmer, Hebburn Bell ; Robert Chisholm, 
farmer, Hebburn Town Farm ; and John Mellors, gamekeeper. 

Newton is a township and hamlet in Chillingham parish, and the number of 
Its inhabitants in 1801, was 101; in 1811, 98; in 1821, 117; in 1831, 
141; iu 1^1^ 134; and in 1851, 115 souls. The HAMLET'-of Newton is 
three and a quarter miles south-east of Wooler. The principal residents are 
William Forrest, farmer and corn miller ; Robert Morton, boot and shoemaker; 
Thomas Smith, farmer, and brick and tile manufacturer ; and Paul Thompson, 
blacksmith. 

DODDINGTON PARISH. 

DoDDiNGTON parish is bounded on the north by Lo^Yick, on the west by 
Kirk Newton, on the South by Wooler, and on the east by Chatton. It con- 
tains 9,110 acres, and its population in 1801, was 734; in 1811, 887; in 
1821, 865; in 1831, 903; in 1841, 941 ; and in 1851, 895 souls. It 
comprises the townships of Doddington, Earle, Ewart, Humbleton, and 
NeslDit, and is remarkable for its fertility. 

Doddington is a township and Yillage in the parish of the same name, the 
property of the Earl of Tankerville, who is also lord of the manor. The 
township contains 4,798 acres, and the number of its inhabitant in 1801, was 
339; in 1811, 403; in 1821, 419; in 1831, 426; in 1841, 441; and in 
1851, 397 souls. There is an important coal mine in this township. 

The Village of Doddington is pleasantly situated three miles north by 
east of Wooler. The Church was enlarged and beautified in 1838, by which 
means 12Q additional sittings were obtained, and in consequence of a grant 
from the " Incorporated Society for promoting the enlargement, building, and 
repairing of churches and chapels," 105 of that number are declared free and 
unappropriated for CYcr, in addition to ninety sittings formerly provided forty- 
five of which were free. In this church are deposited the remains of Horace 
St. Paul, Esq., of Ewart Park, and Anne his wife, as also the remains of their 
son Henry Heneage St. Paul, Esq. The living is a perpetual curacy in the 
archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery of Bambrough, gross income £200. 
Patron, the Duke of Northumberland ; incumbent, the Rev. William Procter, 
M.A. The National School is a neat stone building erected by subscrip- 
tion hi 1851, at a cost of £400. Towmxls this amount the National Society 
gave £35 ; Durham School building society £30 ; Sir Horace St. Paul £100 ; 
the Bishop of Durham £30 ; Lord Crewe's trustees £20 ; and Lord Ossulston 
gave the ground. The school will accommodate 120 children, average atten- 
dance 70 ; John Cairns, teacher. The late Robert Thorp, Esq., left a 
bequest of £50 to the Rev. William Propter, M.A., for educational purposes 
in the parish of Doddiiigton. ^.^.^ ... 



682 



GLENDALE WABD — EAST DIVISION. 



Post Office, Doddington. — William Pattie, postmaster. Letters arrive at 1 p.m. 
and are despatched at 4 p.m. 



Blair George, shopkeeper 

Boyd James, farmer, South Doddington 

Burrell Robert, cornmiller & farmer, Dod- 
dington Mill 

Cairns John, schoolmaster 

Cock John, vict. and joiner, Cock Inn 

Dixon Henry, shoemaker 

Fish Robert, boot and shoemaker, grocer 
and draper 

Hardy James, tailor 



Pattie William, shopkeeper 

Pringle James, tailor 

Procter Rev. William, M.A., incumbent, 

Glebe House 
Purvis Francis, shopkeeper 
Rea Charles, farmer, North Farm 
Rea George, farmer, Doddington Moor; ho. 

North Middleton 
Straughan George, blacksmith 



Earle is a township containing 1,240 acres, the property of Charles Selby, 
Esq., and William Roddam, Esq. It is situated one mile and a half S.S.W. 
ofWooler, and its population in 1801, was 61; in 1811,70; in 1821, 60; 
in 1831, 86; in 1841, 80; and in 1851, 49 souls. For many generations, 
Earle was the property of the Swinburne family, from whom it passed to the 
present proprietors. 

Directory. — David Brown, farmer, North Earle; David Hownan, farmer; 
Geoi'ge Luke, farmer and corn miller, Earle Mill ; and Robert Thompson, 
farmer. 

EwART is a township and hamlet the property of Sir Horace St. Paul. The 
area of the township is 1,612 acres, and its population in 1801, was 140; in 1811, 
154; in 1821, 150; in 1831, 173; in 1841, 176; and in 1851, 157 souls. 
The Hamlet of Ewart is finely situated on the south side of the river Till, 
about one mile and a half west of Doddington. Ewart Park House the 
seat of Sir Horace St. Paul is a beautiful edifice situated between Ewart and 
the Coldstream Road. The St. Pauls are a Warwickshire family, and their 
original name was Paul, but by an act of parliament, passed in January, 1 768, 
they were authorised to prefix the name of Saint to that of Paul. In February, 
1814, two swords were found at Ewart Park; they seemed to be a compound 
of brass and copper, the handles quite wasted by time. They were twenty- 
one inches long from the handle to the point, and were found in a perpendi- 
cular position, as if stuck down on purpose. One of them was presented to 
the Antiquarian Society of Newcastle. 

Directory. — Sir Horace St. Paul, Bart., Ewart Park ; George Robson, 
land agent, and agent to Sir Horace St. Paul, Bart., Ewart Park and Galewood ; 
William Hutchinson, blacksmith ; Thomas Stawart, farmer, Newton Ewart ; 
and James Tait, farmer, Ewart Thirlings. 

HuMBLETON is a township and village comprising 784 acres, the property of 
Matthew Cully, Esq., and John G. L. Blenldnsop, Esq. The population in 
1801, was 141 ; in 1811, 195; in 1821, 184; in 1831,171; inl841, 185; 
and in 1851, 159 souls. ^ The Village of Humbleton occupies an elevated 
situation one mile west by north of Wooler, and in its vicinity are some 
remarkable remains of antiquity. On a gentle eminence near Humbleton 
Burn, is an entrenchment, called Green Castle, and on an adjoining hill is 
an ancient circular encampment with a large cakn. The hill is cut into 



LOWICK PARISH. 



688 



several terraces, eacli twenty feet deep, rising one above anotlier. In the 
plain below, a stone pillar has been set up to commemorate a sanguinary 
battle fought here, in 1409, between the Scots under Earl Douglas, and the 
En'^lish under Lord Percy and the Earl of March, in which the former were 
defeated. The conflict was so bloody, that the field has received the name of 
Eedriggs. In 1811, an urn and a stone coffin, enclosing a gigantic skeleton, 
were discoyered here. 



Hall Mr. George 

Hall Mr. James 

Lillie Joliu, blacksmith, Low Humbleton 

Kogers Thomas, joiner and q.artvfright, Low 

Humbleton 
Sanderson Mr. Andrew 
Sanderson Mr. ^Vi]ham 
Smart George, corn miller 



Tully Walter, mason 
Wightman James, cattle dealer 

Farmers 
Bell William and Joseph 
Short James, Humbleton Buildinc 
Stonehouse John 
Wightman James, Noble Lands 



ISTesbit township is situated four miles north by west of Wooler. It con- 
tains 776 acres, and the landov\n_iers are the Messrs. Clarke of Newcastle. 
The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 63 ; in 181 1, 65; in 18S1, 53; in 
1831, 47; in 1841, 59 ; and in 1851, 63 souls. 

DiEEeTORY. — James Grey, Esq. ; Kimmerston. 



LOWICK PARISH. 

LowiGK parish comprises the townships of Barmoor, Bowsdon, Holborn, and 
Lowick ; and is bounded on the north by Islandshire, on the west by Ford, on 
the south by Doddiugton and Chatton, and on the east by Belford. Its area 
is 12,526 acres, and its population in 1801, was 1,382 ; in 1811, 1,519 ; in 
1821, 1,799; in 1831, 1,864; in 1841, 1,941; and in 1851, 1,941 souls. 
The soil consists chiefly of a loamy clay, and the surface presents a bleak and 
monotonous appearance. There was a new colliery opened here, in 1854, 
called Licker Colliery. 

Baemoor is a township and village, the property of the Marquis of Water- 
ford, and Francis Sitv/ell, Esq. The manor of Barmoor was formerly possessed* 
by the Muschampe family, but in 1630, it passed from them to the Cookes, 
and afterwards to the Fipps family, becoming ultimately the property of the 
present proprietors. Tbi] Village of Barmoor is situated one mile west of 
Lowick. At this village the Lords Marchers of the northern counties 
8.ssembled in 1417, with an army of 100,000 men, to chastise the Scots for 
attacking and dispersing a body of English near Roxburgh. The Scots, who 
had just passed the borders, retired on hearing of the approach of this 
formidable array. About a mile west of Barmoor is a remarkable hill, called 
the Watch Law. The name imports that it has been used as an exploratory, 
to observe the motions of the enemy, and to alarm the country by a fire-beacon. 
Barmoor Castle, the seat of Henry Heathcoate, Esq., is a stately and elegant 
structure, situated in the midst of beautiful plantations, a little to the west of 
the village. . ; 

2 T 



684 



GLENDALE WARD— EAST DIVISION. 



Archer Robert, boot and shoemaker, South 

Cottage 
Bickexton George, \'ict. Bed Lion 
Heathcoate Henry, Esq., Barraoor Castle 
LoTvrey "VViUiam, Esq. surveyor and land 

agent 
Lyall Henry, blacksmith 
Oliver William, grocer and draper, West 

Cottage 
Bay John, East Cottage 
Salsbury Charles, farmer, coal owner, lime- 

buraer, and brick and tile manufacturer, 

Bed House 
Thompson Andrew, joiner. East Cottage 



Farmers 

Brown Messrs. Gatherick 

Bickerton George, Barmoor Moor 

Gray Edward, Bricken Stead 

Glaholm Luke, South Moor 

Gustard Andrew, Barmoor Buildings 

Gustard William, Dunsdale 

Lock John, Barmoor Ridge 

Lyall Henry, Moss Hall 

Lvall James, Barm.oor Buildings and 

^Yood End 
Xevin Thomas & Brothers, Barmoor Mill 
Salsbury Charles, Bed House 
Turnbull Da^'id 



BowsDON, a township and village, the property of John Majoribanks, Esq., 
Coldstream; Henry Gregson, Esq., Low Linn ; and William Lowrey, Esq., 
Barmoor. The Village of Bowsdon is situated two miles north-west of 
Lowick, As some workmen were levelling a barrow about a quarter of a 
mile north of this village, in 1800, they found two urns inverted upon broad 
flags, which appeared to have been partially burnt. Previous to this another 
funeral uni was turned up by the plough at Bowsdon Hollins. 



Bell Jane, schoolmistress 

Cowans Andrew, joiner and cartwright 

Drysdale Henry, blacksmith 

Eish Thomas, vict. Black Bull Inn 

Foreman William, vict. Lamb Inn 

Hills Bryan, butcher, baker, and grocer 

Hooper John, boot and shoemaker 

Lowrey John, land agent 

Mathison John, cattle dealer, Licker Moor 

Mathison Thomas, farm steward 

Nelson Wilham, boot and shoemaker 

Pringle John, schoolmaster 

Robertson Thomas, shoemaker and grocer 

Thompson Peter, tailor 



Tindle James, boot and shoemaker 
Webster Thomas, manager; Old Drybum 

Lime Works 
Young William, blacksmith 

Farmers 

Allen James 

Brown Thomas, West Farm 
Lyall James, Wood End 
Mathison Adam, Bowsdon Hall 
Muckle John, Bowsdon Town Farm 
Middlemiss Thomas, Bowsdon Moor 

Caeeler to Beewick, W. Fish, on Saturdays 



HoLBOEN is a township and village, the property of John Joliffe Tuffnell, 
Esq., Essex, and was for many generations possessed by a family that bore 
the local name. The j)opulation of the township, in 1851, was 160 souls. 
The ViLLAaE of Holborn is situated at the southern extremity of the parish, 
two and a half miles south of Lowick. Laverick Law is a hamlet in this 
township, two miles south of Lowick. 

Directoey. — James Sinton, vict. Thg Horse ; and the farmers are Ralph 
Chisholm, Holborn Grange ; James and William Bone, Laverick Law ; Mans- 
field Gray, West Farm ; George Haveiy, and miller, Holborn Mill ; and 
Joseph Patrick. 

Lowick is a township and village in the parish of the same name, the 
property of Sir Edward Haggerston, Ellingham ; James Grieve, Esq., Ord ; 
and Henry Jackson, Esq., Lowdck. The population of the township in 1851, 
was 949 souls. 



LO'WICK PARISH. 



685 



The Village of Lowick occupies a central position in the parish, and is 
situated nine and a half miles south of Berwick. The number of its inhabit- 
ants in 1851, was 720 souls. The CriuRci-i, a neat edifice, rebuilt in 1794, 
contains 500 sittings and the parish register commences in 1718. The 
living is a perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery 
of Norham, rated at £11 10s. ; gross income, £150. The patronage is vested 
in the Dean and Chapter of Durham ; Rev. George Jenldnson, incumbent, 
for whom the Rev. John Caswell, B.A., officiates. Here is a Scotch Pees- 
BXTERiAN Chapel capable of accommodating about 800 persons. The congre- 
gation attached to this place of worship forms one of the oldest dissenting 
congregations in England, being originally formed by the Rev. Luke Ogle, 
minister of Berwick, who, having resigned his charge there in 1661, in conse- 
quence of the Act of Uniformity, retired to his pa^ternal estate at Bowsdon. 
The nucleus of a congregation was first privately formed, and afterwards a 
chapel was erected where Barmoor Castle now stands, but the congregation 
having considerably increased, it was considered requisite to build a larger 
chapel, which v,^as accordingly erected at Lowick, about 1741, and having 
become much dilapidated, the present commodious chapel was built by sub- 
scription, in 1821. Rev. William Hownam, minister. The English Peesby- 
TEEiAN Chapel is a wooden structure capable of accommodating 400 persons 
Rev. John Eraser, minister. The National School is a neat stone building, 
erected in 1842, and possesses sufficient accommodation for 120 children- 
Matthew Wilson, teacher. There are also three other schools in the parish. 

Post Office, Lowick, Charles Coulter, postmaster. Letters arrive at 12-30 noon, from 
Berwick, by horse post, and are despatched at 7-30 p.m. 



Archer AVilliam, tailor and sexton 
Armstrong George, butcher 
Atkinson Robert, hoot and shoemaker 
Blair George, blacksmith 
Cairns Ellen, grocer and baker 
Cornet WiOiara, saddler 
Caswell Rev. John, B.A. curate. Parsonage 
Coulter Charles, vict. White Swan 
Craig John, relieving officer for the Ford 
district of Glendale Union, assistant 
overseer for Lowick parish, and registrar 
of births, deaths, &• marriages for Glen- 
dale Union 
Craig Robert, miller, Lowick Mill 
Drjden Robert, mason and builder 
Fordyce John, grocer and draper 
Forman Thomas, butcher 
Forman Thomas, vict. St. Paul's Arms 
Fraser Rev. John, (Presbyterian) 
Fulton George, farm steward 
Galbraith John, boot and shoemaker 
Galbraith Robert, joiner 
Gibson Edward, career 
Gibson William, vict. Plough 
Gordon Edward, butcher 



Grey Mary, vict. Golden Fleece 

Harris John, saddler 

Hastie George, slater 

Havery John, boot and shoemaker 

Hay Luke, butcher 

Hay Michael, m.ason 

Henry Robert, tailor 

Hogg James, senr. joiner and cartwright 

Hogg James, junr. cabinet maker & glazier 

Hownam Rev. William, Scotch Church 

Jewers William, tailor 

Jackson Mr. Henry, Lowick Villa 

Lisle Robert, grocer, draper, and tailor 

Laidler John, grocer, drapei', and joiner 

Maclarn Thomas, shopkeeper 

McDonald John, niolecotcher 

McDougal Thomas, schoolmaster 

Maclarn George, tailor 

Murray William, shopkeeper 

Nesbit George, joiner 

Og Easton, poultry dealer 

Patrick George, draper, grocer, and baker 

Pearson Thomas, boot and shoemaker 

Pearson Thomas, tailor 

Sanderson Ehzabeth, vict. Blach Bull 



C86 



GLENDALE WARD— EAST DIVISION. 



Scott Jonathan, carter 

Stevenson Eobert, farmer, lime burner, and 

coal owner, North Field 
Wake John & Sons, masons 
Weatherburn Peter, boot and shoemaker 
Wilson George, surgeon 
Wilson John, blacksmith 
Wilson Matthew, schoolmaster aod parish 

clerk 
Wright Thomas, horse dealer 

Farmers 

Anderson William, South Moor 
Boyd William, Lowstead, South Farm 



Craig Alexander, Brownridge 

Cairns John, High Stead 

Hay Luke 

Henderson Edward and Nicholas J. Lowick 

House 
Hogg Geo. Hunting Hall ; ho. West Eyloe 
Phillips George, North Farm 
Sanderson Edward and Brothers, Lowstead 

North Farm 
Sanderson Robert, North Field Farm 

Carriers to Berwick, Jas. Pattie and Wnl. 
Smiths on Wednesdays and Saturday 



WOOLER TOWN AND PARISH. 

WooLER is a small parish, comprising au area of 4,852 acres. The Earl 
of Tankerville is the proprietor of Wooler, and lord of the manor, and the 
Messrs. Clarke, of Newcastle, are the owners of Fenton. The population of 
the parish in 1801, was 1,679; in 1811, 1,704; in 1821, 1,830 ; in 1831, 
1,926; in 1841, 1,874; and in 1851, 1,911 souls. 

The Town of Wooler occupies a healthy position, on the eastern declivity of 
the Cheviots, forty-six miles N.N.W. of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and consists of 
several streets, diverging from a central area used as a market place. Wooler 
was one of the baronies into which this country was divided at the period of 
the Norma,n Conquest. It was granted by Henry I. to Robert Muschampe, 
and subsequently possessed many valuable members, which were held in 
capite of the barony by knights' service. The family of Muschampe becoming 
extinct, in the reign of Edward I., Wooler was transferred by marriage to the 
Earl of Strcithern, Odiual de Ford, and Walter de Huntercombe. It subse- 
quently became the property of the Hewells, the Scropes, the D'Arcys, and the 
Percies, from the latter of whom it passed to the family of the present possessor. 
Two stone coffins were recently discovered at Humbleton Buildings, near 
Wooler. They were found six feet below the summit of a round liill, and 
were formed of slabs of hard sandstone belonging to the district. In each 
coffin there was the skeleton of a human being, bent up, the knees resting 
upon the stomachy and the arms placed nearly round the neck. On exposure 
to the atmosphere these remains of mortality crumbled into dust. In January 
1853, another stone coffin, containing a portion of a skull and a few fragments 
of bones, was discovered on the summitt of a Knoll, called the "Pipers 
Knoll," on the farm of Bromfield, little more than a mile east from Dunse. 
The Pakish Church, dedicated to St. Mary, is a neat and commodious edi- 
fice, erected in 1765, near the site of the old church which was destroyed by fire. 
It was enlarged and beautified in 1835, by which means 500 additional sit- 
tings were obtained, and in consequence of a grant from the Incorporated 
Society for building and repairing churches and chapels, 233 of that number 
are free and unappropriated for ever, in addition to 200 sittings formerly pro- 
vided, the whole of which are free. Rev. John Samuel Green, M.A. vicar. 



WOOLER TOWN AXD PARISH. ' 687 

The Catholic Diocesan Mission House, St. Ninian's, is situated at the 
-west end of the town, but it is intended to commence immediately the erection 
of a new church, on the vacant ground adjoining the present chapeL Rev. 
James Chadwick, Edward Consitt, and Robert Suffield, priests. There is a 
school attached to this chapel, John Mc Sweeney, teacher. 

The Presbyterian Church (Knglish) w^as erected in 1818, at acost of 
J£l,200, and is capable of accommodating 680 persons, Rev James A. Huie 
minister. The day school attached to this place of worship, is attended 
by about ninety-five scholars. William Duncan teacher. The United 
Presbyterian Chapel is a commodious edifice, containing 800 sittings, Rev. 
James Muirhead, minister. There is a second United Presbyterian Chapel, 
capable of accommodating 400 persons Rev. James Robinson, and the 
Rev. Peter Whyte, ministers. The Baptists have also a Meeting House 
here. 

The National School was built in 1886, at a cost of £400. There is a 
house for the teacher, and the school is sufiiciently commodious for 150 
children. Joseph Young, teacher. Wooller possesses two libraries, ''The 
Mechanics'," at Mr. William Brand's, established in 1828, contains upwards 
of 1,200 volumes on various subjects, and is supported by fifty-five subscribers, 
who pay five shillings per annum, William Brand, librarian ; and "The Sub- 
scription Library," held at Mr. William Wightman's, Post Office. 

The Gas W^rks were erected in 1846, at a cost £1,400, by a company of 
200 shareholders, at £5 per share, and £400 additional capital. The shops 
were lighted on the 26th of November of the same year, and the town in 
February, 1847. Mr. Morton, secretary. 

The Glendale Poor Law Union comprehends forty-five parishes and 
townships, embracing an area of 142,305 acres, and a population in 1851, 
of 14,348 souls. The townships and parishes are Akeld, Brandon, Branton, 
Branxton, Bewick New, Bewick Old, Carham, Chatton, Chillingham, Colds- 
mouth and Thompson's Walls, Coupland, Crookhouse, Doddington, Earle, 
Ew^art, Fawdon Clinch and Hartside, Ford, Grey's Forest, Heathpool, Heb- 
burn, Howtell, Humhleton, Ilderton, Ingram, Linhop and Greenshawhill, 
Kilham, Kirk Newton, Lanton, Lilburn East, Lilburn West, Lowick, 
Middleton Hall, Middle ton North, Middle ton South, Milfield, Nesbit, New- 
ton West, Newtown, Paston, Reaveley, Roddam, Rosedon, Selby's Forest, 
Wooler, Wooperton, and Yeavering. 

The Union Workhouse occupies a healthy situation at the west end of 
the town. It is a fine commodious building, erected in 1839, and will accom- 
modate about seventy persons : there are at present fifty inmates. There is a 
school attached for the education of the pauper children. Governor and 
schoolmaster, Mr. George Paxton ; matron, Margery Allan ; surgeon, James 
Alexander ; clerk, William Wightman ; relieving officer and registrar, 
Thomas Carr. 

The County Court is held at the Anchor Inn every alternate month. 
Judge, James Losh, Esq., clerk; Henry Ingledew% Esq., assistant clerk; 
William Wightman, baihff ; Robert Gardiner. The New Prison is a neat 
av .A.i/i ^wJmxJ iyx/mj- 



688 



GLENDALE WAED EAST DIVISIOJS'. 



stone building, erected in 1850, at a cost of £1,000, and is used for tlie 
detention of prisoners, previous to tlieir committal to Morpeth. A court is 
held here once a month for general purposes. Robert Gardiner, constable. 
, Maekets and Fairs. — There is a corn market every Thursday. Cattle 
and horse markets on the third Thursday in January, the third Thursday in 
February, and the third Thursday in March. There is a High and Wool 
Market held on the 27th of June, and a wool market on the first Thui-sda.y 
in July. This market is subject to alteration, in consequence of the 
neighbouring markets falling ^pon the same day. There is also a high mar- 
ket on the second Thursday in March. Whitsun Bank fair is held on the 
third Monday in July, and there are annual fairs on the 4th of May, for the 
hiring of servants, and the sale of horses and cattle ; and on the 17th October 
for the hiring of servants, and the sale of sheep, horses, and cattle. 

Charities. — In the parliamentary returns of 1786, is is stated that Mrs. 
Chisholme bequeathed £100, for teaching six poor children of this parish, then 
vested in the Rev, Mr. Cleeve, and producing £5 per annum. This sum 
appears to have been lost by the insolvency of the person above named, but 
we are informed, by the Charity Commissioners, that the poor have not 
hitherto suffered loss from this circumstance, as the yearly sum of £5 was 
given annually to supply this loss, by the late Bishop of Durham, and the 
same payment has been continued by the present bishop. 

Magistrates Grey George A. Esq. Milfield Hill 

Blagdeii John C. Esq. Eord Castle Hodgson Eichard, Esq. 

Gregson Henry Knight, Esq. Low Lynn Knight Rev. Thomas, Ford 

Hughes George Hughes, Esq. Middlcton Robinson Rev. Christopher, Kirk Newton 
Hall 

Thompson -John, Esq. clerk, Wcoler 



WOOLER DIRECTORY. 

Post Office, Woolee, Mr. William Wightman, postmaster. Letters arrive from the 
North and South at 12-15 noon, and are despatched at 5-30 p.m. Money Order OflBce 
open from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. 



Miscellany 
Allan Thomas, carpenter 
Anderson Thomas, manager, Gas "Works 
Archhold James, draper 
Armstrong Wilham, rope maker 
Bartram Thomas, gardener 
Bell James D. brewer and maltster 
Bolton Margaret, straw-hat maker 
Bolton Miss Martha 
Brown Andrew, vict. Plough Inn 
Brown Robt. vict. Eoyal Arms, auctioneer, 

printer and farmer 
Burn Mr. Jeffrey 
Carr Thomas, relieving officer,and registrar 

of births and deaths for the Wooler 

district, and mai'riages for the Glendale 

Union 



Chadwick Rev. James (Catholic) 

Chartress Thomas, baker 

Consitt Rev. Edward (Catholic) 

Cosser Mr. John 

Cowan Mr. Thomas 

Diamond Edmund, painter and paper- 
hanger 

Dickinson George, excise officer 

Dixon John, general smith and beer re- 
tailer 

Fail William, baihfif to the Earl of Tan- 
kerville 

Foster Christopher, wine and spirit mer- 
chant, and agent to the Globe Fire and 
Life Insurance Office 

Gallon Wilham, collector of taxes, and 
parish clerk 



WOOLEE DIEECTOET. 



Gardiner Robert, constaLle aud bailiff 

Green Eev. Jobu Samuel, M.A. vicar 

Halliday James, weaver 

Hastie Peter slater 

Hogarth William, stonemason 

Horner Patrick, superintendent constable 

Huie Eev. James A. (Presbyterian) 

Innis Ann, straw bonnet maker 

Johnson Miss Eliza 

Logan Mrs. Agnes 

Lindsay Ann, straw-hat maker 

Manderson Mr. WiUiam 

Mc Alinder Hugh, broker 

Mitchell Mr. Alexander 

Moffett Mr. Arthur 

Moffett John, cooper, and dealer in glass 

and china 
Muirhead Eev. James (Presbyterian) 
Paxton George, governor of the union 

workhouse and school master 
Pond Frederick, excise officer 
Eea Miss Elizabeth, Mount Pleasant 
Eea James, biscuit baker, and assistant 

overseer 
Eichardson Thomas, stonemason 
Eobertson Eev. James (Presbyterian) 
Eobson William and Thomas, plasterers 
Eogers Charles, nursery and seedsman 



Rogerson Eichard, last maker 

Eule John, slater 

Scott James, baker 

Scott Eobert, cattle dealer 

Shield EUzabeth, straw hat maker 

Shield Mr. George 

Short Margaret, corn miller 

Short William, towncrier 

Sinclair WilHam Dalziel, Black Bull Inn, 

Commercial and Posting House 
Simm George, cartwright 
Simm Margaret, straw hat maker 
SufBeld Eev. Eobert (CalhoUc) 
Tait Thomas, wool carder 
Thompson Andrew, hairdresser 
Thompson John, solicitor and clerk to the 

magistrates 
Thompson Joseph, hat manufacturer 
Thompson Thomas, cooper, and glass and 

china dealer 
Tunnah George,tailor and innkeeper. Three 

Half Moons 
Turner Mrs. Elizabeth 
Wightman WiUiam, clerk to the guardians, 

County Court, and Insurance agent 
Whyte Eev. Peter (Presbyterian) 
Young Andrew, vict. Bed Lion Inn 
Young Hannah, dressmaker 



Academies 

Catholic, John B. M'Swee- 

ney 
Cock William 
Duncan AVilliam 
Laidlaw Wilham, & surveyor 
National, Joseph Young 
Turner the Misses, Day and 

Boarding 
Union, George Paxton 

Auctioneer and Appraiser 

Brown Robert 

Blacksmitlis 

Briggs John, & whitesmith 
Dixon John 
Glaister Stephen 
Knox James 

Booksellers & Stationers 

Brand Wilham 

Carr John and Charles 



Little Crighton, and News 
Agent 

Boot and Shoemakers 

Chisholm John 
Davidson William 
Elliott John 
Lee Andrew 
Marshall Wilham 
Mills William 
Nichol George 
Pringle James 
Rankin Eobert 
Watson Alex. & Clogger 

Butchers 

Hook John 
Rutherford John 
Wightman William 

Cabinet Makers 

Hall Henry and George 
Law John, Hugh, & George 



Grocers 

Marked* are also drapers 

Archbold John, & tea dealer 

and ironmonger 
Brand William 
Foster Christopher, and tea 

dealer 
*Gowens John E. 
Henderson George, and tea 

dealer 
*Hilton James 
*Eobson James 
lutherford "V^ 
Tait Thomas 

Farmers 
Brown John 
Carr William 

Jobson William, Turvelaws 
Morton Selby, Brick Sheds 
Eea Charles, Way-to-Wooler; 

ho. Doddington 
Eutherford John & Jaanes, 

The Cottage 



Hotels, Inns, and Taverns 

Anchor, Ann Gallon 
Angel, Stephen Pearcy 



Black Bull, Commercial & Posting House, 

William Dalziel Sinclair 
Masons' Arms, Sarah Eutherford 



eoo 



GLENDALE WARD — WEST DIVISION. 



Plough, Andrew Brown 
lied Lion, Andrew Young 
Royal Arms, Eobert Brown 
Seven Stars, William Gallon 
Sun, John Farrington 

li'ursery & Seedsman 
Eogers Charles 

Plumliers and Glaziers 
Patterson Eobert, and iron- 

rnonger 
Watson John N. & painter 
Watson Thomas 

Printer 
Brown Eobert 
Saddlers & Harness Makers 

Hateley Eobert 
Morton Eichard 
Sinclair ^Yilliam Dalziel 



TanJcerville Arms, John & James Eutlier^ 
ford -- . ;■-■-.■ 

Three Half Moons, George Tiinnali 
Wheat Sheaf, Margaret Elmsley 
jr/2ifeHo?"se, Thomas Hobson 



\. *^'"" JSliopkeepsrs 
Davidson William 
Hutchinson Ellen 
Innes Charlotte 
Laidlaw William 
Meikle George 
Pringle Thomas 
Smart Jane 

Surgeons 

Alexander James 
Brow-n Joseph 

Tailors 

Atkinson Luke 
Faimington John 



^~'i^:./ijjiq 3111 
Grieve John ;; r I y^^r .^.r. 
Grieve Thomas 
Innes William 
Pringle Thomas 
Scott Ealph 

Tunnah George ^ tj ^ 
Watson-WiUiam '^^r^'^^,. 

Veterinary Sutg^ite h n, 
Glaister Thomas " '^3cKj.jJ,-.j 
Telfor James ' " 

"Watch & Clock Makers 

Brodie John 
Tmrnbull Eichard 



Carriers'to the following places 
Alnioick — John Brown and John TnrnbuU, 

on Fridays 
Belford — Thomas Eutter, Monday, Wed- 
nesday, Friday, and Saturday 



Berwick — James Henderson,. Wednesday 

and Saturday 
Coldstream — John Tnrnbull, on Monday 
Newcastle — George Faii-nington, on Tues- 
day 



Coaches. — An Omnibus leaves the Black Bull dailj', at 5-30 p.m. (conveying Her 
Majesty's Mail) for Alnvdck, returning each day at 12-15 noon. H. Atkinson, and W, D. 
Sinclair, proprietors. 

An Omnibus leaves the Sun Inn every Saturday morning at eight o'clock, for Berwick, 
returning the same day. Selby Fairnington, proprietor. 

Fenton, a township in Yfooler parish, is situated nearly four miles north 
by west of Wooler. Its acreage, population, &c., are included in the parish 
returns, and the Messrs. Clarke, of Newcastle, are the landowners. The 
principal residents are William Cockburn, corn millei ; Henry Weatherburn, 
blacksmith ; and the farmers are James Laidler, Eenton Demesne ; Matthew 
Laidler, Fenton Hill ; and Thomas Laidler, Fenton Town Farm. 



GLENDALE WARD— WEST DIVISION. 



BRANXTON PARISH. 

BnANXTON a small parish on the borders of Scotland, comprises 1,487 acres, 
the property of John Collingwood, Esq., and the trustees of the late R. C. 
Askew^ Esq. Its population in 1801, was 209 ; in 1811, 261 ; in 1821, 253 ; 
in 1831, 249 ; in 1841, 261 ; andin 1851, 248 souls. This parish possesses 
no dependent townships, and the manor of Branxton was anciently the property 
of the Selby family. 

The Village of Branxton is situated nine miles nortli-west by north of 
Wooler. The Church, dedicated to St, Paul, is avery neat edifice occupying 



caeSaM Parish. 



691 



the site of the ancient church, vfhich was taken down and the present struc- 
ture erected, in 1849, at a cost of £470. The living is a vicarage, with the 
curacy of Cornhill annexed, in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery 
of Korham, valued in the Liher Regis at £o 6s. 8d. , gross income £350. 
The patronage is vested in the Dean and Chapter, of Durham ; incumbent, 
the Rev. Robert Jones. The register of this parish commences in 1739. 
On the Slst June, 1524, the Scots, in number about 500, crossed the 
Tweed near this place, and concealed themselves in convenient places, for the 
purpose of plundering the traders as they passed to the fair of Berwick, by 
which they obtained much spoil besides prisoners, but before they got home, 
the young Lord of Fowberry with a party of English, surprised them, 
and after a sharp skirmish the Scots were defeated ; two hundred of their 
number being either slain or taken prisoners. Near the village stands a 
monumental column commemorative of the victory achieved over James II. 
of Scotland, by the Earl of Surrey, on the 19th September, 1513. It is a 
rough upright pillar of basalt, six feet seven inches high. See Uetherslaw. 
Branxton was the birth place of the ingenious Percival Stockdale, vicar of 
Lesbury and Longhoughton ; his father was vicar of this parish. 

Fairnington John, joiner 

Hardy John, tailor 

Jones Rev. Robert, vicar, Vicarage 

Marshall Robert, blacksmith 

Matthewson George & Sons, grocers and 

drapers 
Patterson James, schoolmaster 
Pringle Thomas, shoemaker 



Farmers 

Brown Henry, Branxton Buildings 
Brown James, Branxton Hill 
Buckley WiUiam, The Allotment 
Robinson Andrew, and grocer 
Richardson William, Branxton Moor 



. CARHAM PARISH. 

Cahham parish Is situated at the north-west angle of the county, being 
bounded on the north and west by Scotland, on the south by the Beaumont 
rivulet, and on the east by the parishes of Branxton and Ford. It is about 
six miles in length by four in breadth, and comprises an area of 10,382 
acres. Its population in 1801, w^as 1192 ; in 1811, 1,316 ; in 1821, 1,370 ; 
in 1831, 1,174; in 1841, 1,282; and in 1851, 1,362 souls. This parish is 
not, strictly speaking, divided into townships, but it contains the following 
villages and hamlets, viz :— Carham, Downham, Hagg, East and West Lear- 
mouth, Mindrum, Moneylaws, Bresson, Shidlaw, Tithebill, Wark, and Wark 
Common, whose returns are all included in those of the parish. 

The ViiiLAGE of Carham is pleasantly situated on the south bank of the 
river Tweed, thirteen miles north-w^est by north of Wooler. A most decisive 
battle was fought here in the year 1018, between the English and Scots, in 
which the latter ^ere victorious, and almost all the men capable of bearing 
arms between the Tees and the Tweed were slain. The death of Bishop 
Aldhune is ascribed to his violent grief on the issue of this conflict. In 
1297 the Scots under Wallace, having made an irruption into England, des- 
troyed a monastery of Black Canons which had been founded here, subor- 
dinate to the priory of Kirkham, in Yorkshire. The spot upon which 






692 6LEND,\LE WARD ^N^^EST DIVISION. 

Wallace and his soldiers encamped is, to this day, called Camp Field. At a 
fair held at Roxburgh, in August, 1371, one of the followers of the Earl of 
March, was slain hj some of the English borderers. The earl applied to 
Lord Henry Percy, warden of the English Marches, for redress of this injury, 
^but no satisfactory answer being given, the Scot resolved upon revenge. 
Waiting the return of the fair in the following year, he and his brother the 
Earl of Murray, accompanied by a considei'able body of their friends and 
followers, attacked the town by surprise, killed all the English they found in 
it, set it on fire, and carried off in triumph its spoils. The English borderers, 
in resentment of this outrage, soon after entered Scotland, and ravaged the 
lands of Sir John Gordon, who in his turn made an incursion into the English 
borders, but as he was returning wdth many prisoners and a great train of cattle, 
he w-as attacked at Carham by a superior force, under the command of Sir 
JohnLilburn. Theconflict was fierce, and its decision long doubtful, the Scots 
being driven from their ground, and returning again to the charge five 
different times. At last, however, they prevailed, and added to the number of 
their prisoners. Sir John Lilburn, his brother, and many of their followers. 

The Church dedicated to St. Cuthbert, occupies a fine position near the 
banks of the Tweed. The living is a perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry 
of Lindisfarne and deanery of Norham ; gross income £248. Patrons, the 
executors of A. Compton, Esq. ; incumbent, the Rev. Francis Thompson, 
L.L.B. ; curate. Rev. John Smeddle, B.A. The parish register commences in 
1684. Carham Hall is the seat of Mrs. Catherine Compton. 

Directory. — Rev. Francis Tbomason, L.L.B., incumbent; Rev. John 
Smeddle, B.A., curate; Mrs. Catherine Compton, Carham Hall; Richard 
Hodgson, Esq., Carham Hall; James Marshall, blacksmith; and James 
Whitehead, farmer, Howburn. 

DowNHAM, a hamlet in this parish situated five miles south-east of Carham, 
is in the occupancy of Robert Hall, farmer. 

HAGa is a hamlet in this parish five miles E.S.E. of Carham. 

Learmouth (East) is a hamlet in the above parish situated three miles and 
three-quarters east of Carham. The principal residents are James Pillar, 
blacksmith ; and William Smith, farmer. 

Learmouth (West), a small hamlet three miles east of Carham, was 
at one period a considerable market town ; but in consequence of the introduc- 
tion of the system of throwing several small farms into one of great extent, 
the adjacent country has become almost depopulated. A neglected burial 
ground still points out to the traveller the former importance of this place. 
It is occupied by John Lumsden, farmer. 

MiNDRUM, a hamlet in this parish, the property of the Earl of Tankerville, 
is situated five miles south-east of Carham. Here are the ruins of a chapel 
and a neglected cemetery. Principal resident, James Thompson, farmer. 

Moneylaws hamlet is situated five and a half miles east by south of Car- 
ham, and is divided into Old and New Moneylaws, which are respectively 
occupied by John Logan, amd A. F. Douglas, farmers. 

Presson is a hamlet two miles and three-quarters south-east of Carham. 



CAEHAM PAEISH. 693 

Tt is occupied by William Lumsdeii, farmer, Presson Mill ; and John Taylor, 

^farmer. 

.^^ Shidlaw another hamlet in this parish, is situated one mile east of Carham. 
Its name is supposed to have been Shield Law, which denotes a guard hill, 
and it appears to have been the only j^lace to which the people of Carham, during 
the border feuds, could retire with their cattle, on the approach of an enemy. 
There is a beautiful and extensive prospect into Scotland from this hamlet. 

,^Thomas Henderson, farmer, is the principal resident. 

'!.', TiTHEHiLL, a hamlet two and three-quarter miles south of Cornhill, is in 

^liie occupancy of George Davidson, farmer- 

4 Waek, a village in Carham parish, is situated on the southern bank of the 
Tweed, two miles W.S.W. of Coldstream, and was in ancient times a place of 
some consequence, but is now inconsiderable. The manor of Wark 
was formerly held by the Nevilles from whom it passed to the De Ros family, 
during whose possession it was raised to the rank of a barony, but was sub- 
sequently transferred to the Greys of Heton, and is now the property of the 
Earl of Tankerville. The ruins of "Wark Castle occupy a circular eminence 
near the Tweed, a little to the west of the village. The period of its erection 
is unknown, but from several notices which we have of it in history, it appears 
to have been a place of considerable strength at the commencement of the 
twelfth century. On the accession of Stephen to the English throne, David, 
king of Scotland, drew the sword for the rights of Matilda the empress. He 
had sworn to support her claim to the crown, and at the beginning of the 
year he crossed the borders, reduced Carlisle, Norham, Wark, Alnwick, and 
iSTewcastle, compelling the inhabitants to take an oath of fealty to the 
daughter of Henry. He had reached the walls of Durham, when he was 
opposed by Stephen at the head of a numerous army. The risk of an engage- 
ment obliged him to pause : if he was the nncle of the empress, so was he 
likewise of the consort of her antagonist ; a peace was speedily concluded, and 
to cement the friendship of the two kings, Henry, Prince of Scotland, did 
homage to Stephen, and received from him the towns of Carlisle, Doncaster, 
and Huntingdon After remaining quiet for nearly two years, David, urged, it 
is said, by Matilda's letters, once more entered England, and began a series 
of cruel ravages scarcely to be paralleled in the annals of war. He invested 
the castle of Wark, but not being able to capture it he marched southward, 
with the main body of his army, and penetrated as far as Yorkshire. In this 
expedition the Scots conducted the war wdlh the greatest ferocity. Thurs- 
ton, the aged archbishop of York, took advantage of the general horror and 
indignation, and assembling the neighbouring barons, persuaded them to face 
an enemy whom hitherto they had despaired of vanquishing. Near North- 
allerton they heard of the approach of the Scots. The English immediately 
formed in front of the standard, from which the battle has derived its name. 
It consisted of a strong pole, or rather mast, firmly planted in the framework 
of a carriage, and surmounted by a cross. In the centre of this cross was 
fixed a box of silver, containing the sacrament, and below waved the banners 
of the three patron saints of the north, Peter, Wilfrid, and John of Beverley. 



694 GLENDALE WARD WEST DIVISION. 

At the foot of the standard, Walter Espec addressed the troops; and at the 
conclusion of his speech, turning to another leader, AVilliam of Alhermarle, 
he gave him his hand, and exclaimed with a loud voice " J plight thee my 
troth, to conquer or die." The words were caught up and repeated from 
mouth to mouth with enthusiastic ardour. The Picts of Galloway commenced 
the hattle, which soon became general. Pressed and overpowered by superior 
numbers, the English retired slowly towards the standard, and there formed 
a compact circle. In vain did the enemy try to hew down the forest of spears 
that projected on ever}' side. Their efforts only exposed them to the unerring 
aim of the Saxon archers. For two hours they continued their attack, till 
spent by the useless labour and dismayed by the storm of arrows, they 
abandoned the contest and fled. Of twenty-seven thousand that began the 
fight, scarcely one half escaped the carnage. David >vas still able to continue 
the fight and sent a body of forces to besiege AVark castle. The assailants 
closely invested the place and pushed on the siege with great vigour; but the 
resistance of the garrison proved so stubborn, and their numerous sorties had 
such an effect upon David's troops, that he was forced to chajjge the siege 
into a -blockade. The brave garrison, however, would not yield, though their 
sufferings from hunger were most grievous ; but, through the intervention 
of the Abbot of Pievalle, they surrendered upon condition of being 
allowed to march out with all the honours of w^ar, — terms which David gladly 
conceded. On the evacuation of the castle it was immediately demohshed by 
the Scots, but was afterwards repaired by Henry II. in' whose reign the 
great convention for the settlement of the tenths, demanded by the English 
nionar<^h, was held here. King John reduced this castle to ashes, in l'2\6, 
but it appears to have been soon restored : for Robeii; de Eos, the governor, 
abandoned it, and went over to the Scots in the reign of Edward I, William, 
the brother of the above Robert, continued in the castle, which he held for 
Edward to whom he sent a message requesting speedy aid, lest the Scots, 
prompted and conducted by his brother, should make themselves masters of 
the place. The king immediately ordered a thousand men to march towards 
Wark. This force having reached in the evening, a little town in its neigh- 
bourhood, took up their quarters there for the night, not dreading any attack. 
But the traitor Robert de Ros, having intelligence of their situation, led a 
party of Scots from the garrison of Roxburgh, and having invested the village, 
set tire to the houses. The English flying from the flames, were slain by 
their enemies, and some by each other. Edward having intelligence of this 
disaster the morning after it happened, is said to have given thanks to God, 
that his adversaries, having entered his kingdom, had been the beginners of 
the war, which he hoped to conclude happily, and immediately mai'ched with 
his whole army to Wark, where he kept the festival of Easter, 

In 1318, Wark again fell into the hands of the Scots. On the return of 
David of Scotland from an incursion into England, in 1342, the rear of his 
army passing by Wark castle, vrith great loads of plunder, were seen by the 
garrison -with the greatest indignation. Sir Wilham Montague was at that 
time governor, and the countess of Salisbury, w^hose lord the fortress then 



CARIIAM PARISH. 095 

belonged to, was a resident in the castle at the time. The governor, with 
forty horsemen, made a sally, attended with considerable slaughter, bringing 
into the castle one hundred and sixty horses laden with booty. Kiug David, 
incensed at this attack, led his army against Wark, and made a general 
assault, but met with a repulse, attended with great bloodshed. He then 
prepared to fill up the ditches, and bring his battering engines to play upon 
the walls. The imminent danger of the garrison, rendered it necessary to 
send information of their situation to the English monarch, who was approach- 
ing the borders wdth a great army. The place being closely invested, rendered 
such an attempt perilous, but it was effected by the governor himself, who, 
passing through the enemy's line, in , the darkness and tumult of a stormy 
night, carried intelligence to Edw^ard, who redoubled his speed to relieve the 
place. The Scots, unwihing to hazard the treasures they had reaped in their 
expedition, persuaded their Idng to raise the siege and pass the Tweed, wdiich 
was only effected six hours before the van of the English army appeared. In 
1383, the castle was again attacked by the Scots and a portion of its fortifica- 
tions demolished ; they completely destroyed it in 1399, but it w^as subsequently 
restored and put in a state of defence by king Henry IV. 

In 1419, hostilities having commenced on the borders, Wilham Halliburton, 
of Fast castle, took the fortress of Wark, wdaich was then in the custody of 
Robert Ogle, and put all the garrison to the sv/ord ; but it w^as soon recovered 
by the English, who, from a perfect knowledge of the place, made their way 
by a sewer which led from a kitchen into the Tweed, and surprising the garri- 
son, put them all to death, in revenge for their cruelty to Ogle's troops. In 
J 460, the Scots collected great booty in the marches, and among other castles 
which they assailed, Wark was taken and demolished. It was aftewards 
repaired by the Earl of Surrey: but, in 1523, the Scottish arm}^, then lying at 
Coldstream, under the command of the Duke of iVlbany, resolved to attempt 
its reduction. At this period we are told that " in the innermost area vrcs 
a tower of great strength and height, this was encircled by two walls, the 
outer enclosing a large space, into which the inhabitants of the country used 
to fly with their cattle, corn, and flocks in time of war, the inner was of much 
smaller extent, but fortified more strongly by ditches and towers. It had a 
strong garrison, good store of artillery, and other things necessary for defence." 
The Scottish commander sent against itba,ttering cannon, and a chosen band 
of Scots and French to the number of 4,000, under the command of Andrew 
Ker of Farnherst. The French carried the outer enclosure at the first assault, 
but they were dislodged by the garrison setting fire to the straw laid up therein. 
The besiegers soon recovered it, and by their cannon effected a breach in the 
inner w^alL The French, with their usual intrepidity, mounted the breach, 
sustaining great loss by the shot of those who possessed the tower, or keep, 
and being warmly received by the forces that defended the inner balUum, were 
obliged to retire after great slaughter. The attack was to have been renewed 
on the succeeding day ; but a fall of rain in the night, which swelled the Tweed 
and threatened to cut off the retreat of the assailants to the main army, and 
the approach of the Earl of Surrey at the head of a strong force, obliged the 



606 



GLENDALE WARD— WEST DIVISION. 



Duke of Albany to raise tlie siege and retreat into Scotland. The present 
remains of Wark castle do not convej an idea that it-conld possibly at any 
time have been a considerable fortress, but such it most certainly was. At 
what time it was dismantled and thus totally destroyed is not known ; but 
most probably it was one of the strongholds ordered to be demolished by king 
James VI. of Scotland, on his accession to the crown of England. 

"\Yark School was erected, in 1854, at an expense of £70, and is a neat 
stone edifice, capa^ble of accommodating about 1-10 children. It is under the 
patronage of Lord Ossulston, Earl Grey, and Hodgson Hiude, Esq., and is 
conducted by Mr. Alexander Simpson. 

Waek Common, ^here there is a small hamlet, is situated nearly two miles 
south-east of Carham. 



Allan Eobert, tailor 

Clarke Thomas, beer retailer 

Davidson John, shopkeeper 

Dove William, farmer 

Fullerton Thomas, hoot and shoemaker 

Lauder William, tailor 



Logan John, blacksmith 

McDougall Eobert, joiner 

Nickell John, farmer, Wark Common 

Ord Edward, tailor 

Scott James, vict. Salmon 

Simpson Alexander, schoolmaster 



FORD PARISH. 

FoED parish is bounded on the north by Norhamshire, on the west by 
Branxton, on the south by Doddington and Kirknewtou, and on the east by 
Lowick. It comprises an area of 11,466 acres, and its population in 1801. 
was 1,903 ; in 1811, 1,860 ; in 1821,1,807; in 1831, 2,110; in 184], 
2,257 : and in 1851, 2,322 souls. The lands here are fertile, and contain 
valuable seams of coal, and beds of slate, limestone, whinstone, and freestone. 
This parish is divided into three freehold estates, viz.: Etal, Ford, and 
Pallinsburn, which are subdivided into five constablewicks, namely, those of 
Crookham, Etal, Ford, Hetherslaw, and Kimmerston. Etal constablewick 
includes the whole of the Etal estate. Ford constablewick comprises Ford 
Mill, and all that portion of the Ford estate lying on the east side of the 
river Till. Kimmerston constablewick comprehends Kimmerston and 
Brooraridge. Hetherslaw constablewick includes the remainder of the Ford 
estate, west of the Till, except Crookham and Barelaw, which, with the 
Pallinsburn estate, constitute Crookham constablewick. 

Crookham is a constablewick and village comprisin 
Pallinsburn estate, and Crookham, and Barelees, wliich 
estate. The trustees of the late Pi. C. Askew, Esq. 
Pallinsburn. The Village of Crookham is situated tvv'o miles W.N. W. of 
Ford, and nine miles N.N.W. of Wooler. The Presbyterian Chapel is a good 
commodious building capable of accommodating about 1,600 persons, liev. 
William Edmonds, minister. There is a day scliool attached to this chapel, 
John Hardy, teacher. The National School is a good stone building, and will 
accommodate 120 pupils. Average attendance, 85 children. It is used as 
a chapel of ease to Ford Church, the minister of which oflficiates here. 
Pallinsburn Hai^l, an elegant modem brick structure, is pleasantly situated in 



the whole of the 
belong to the Ford 
are the owners of 



I'ORP PARISH. 697 

the midst of beautiftil pleasure grounds. Iii its vicinity there is a fine lake, 
which, from March to Autumn, is frequented by numerous flocks of blaek- 
headed gulls. The mausion is at present occupied only by servants, the 
heir to the estate being a minor. Barelees, Bird Nest, Bruce's Castle, 
Keek Out, Mardon, and Pallinsburu, are hamlets in this constablewick. 

Marshall James, blacksmith, Pallinsburn 

Railston Jas. gamekeeper, Mardon Cottage 

Eobertson William, vict. Red Lion 

Smith Thomas, farmer, Mardon 

Steel Alexander, tailor 

Steel John, joiner 

Trotter Alexander, gardener 

Tulip EHzb. farmer, EastHeldjPallinsburn 

Wilson George, shoemaker 

Whitehead Ann, grocer 

Winter Kobert, vict. Wheat Sheaf 



Allan W^illiam, blacksmith 

Douglas Wilham, baker, grocer, & butcher 

Edmonds Eev. William, (Presbyterian) 

Erizell Robert, schoolmaster 

Graham Stephen, shoemaker 

Grieve Peter, farmer, Barelees 

Harbottle John, joiner and cartwright 

Hardy John, schoolmaster 

Mason Thomas, land agent and farmer, 

PaUinsburn 
Logan Ann, vict. Blue Bell, Pallinsburn 

Caeriee. — To Berwick, William Eobson, on Saturdays. 

Etal is a constablewick and village, the property of the Earl of Glasgow. 
The manor of Etal was formerly possessed by the Manners family, who held 
it under the barony of Wooler, for the annual service of half a knight's fee. 
One of this family. Sir Robert de Manners was governor of Norham Castle, 
in the reign of Edward III., and on the night of Edward's coronation he 
completely routed a party of Scots who attempted to obtain possession of the 
fortress under his charge. For this, and several other important services, he 
was rewarded by the King with a grant of land in the Berwick bounds, and 
afterwards represented Northumberland in Parliament. On his demise his 
estates and honours devolved upon his son John, one of whose successors 
Eobert de Manners, for his services on the borders, received a portion of the 
forfeited estates of Sir Ptobert Ogle. This Robert was a firm adherent of the 
house of York, opposing the Lancastrians on every opportunity. He married 
Eleanor, the eldest daughter and co-heiress of Thomas Lord Roos, and had by 
her a son George, who espoused Anne, daughter of the Duchess of Exeter, 
and had by her Thomas, Lord Roos, who havhig livery of all the manors, 
estates, and castles, which came into his family by Eleanor, his grandmother, 
and Isabel his aunt, was advanced to the title and dignity of Earl of Rutland, 
in 15'25. In 1546 we find the Etal estate was possessed by Thomas Carr, 
Esq. ; it was crown property in 1667, but it shortly afterwards passed to Sir 
Robert Carr, Knt., on whose death it was again sequestered, and not restored 
till a composition of £539 8s. 7d. was paid for it in 1653. Sir William 
Carr, son of the Sir Robert just mentioned, erected Etal House, and left an 
only daughter, who was espoused, in 1762, by James, Earl of Errol, whose 
second son succeeded to this estate on the death of his maternal grandfather, 
in 1797, but on the demise of his elder brother, in 1798, he became Earl of 
Errol, and in accordance with his grandfather's will, relinquished the Etal 
estate in favour of his sister, who died in ISOI. Her son and heir survived 
her only six years, when the estate passed to his maternal aunt, who had 
married the Earl of Glasgow, in whose fg^mily Etal still continues. 



G98 



GLENDALE WAED — WEST DIVISION. 



The Village of Etal is situated on the west bank of the river Till, nine 
miles N.N. W. of Wooler. Here is a Presbyterian Chapel, erected previous to 
1740, and rebuilt in 1800. It is a commodious stone edifice, capable of 
accommodatuig about 650 persons. Rev. Thomas Robinson, minister. 
Etal School is under the patronge of Lord and Lady Fitzclarence, James 
Mack, teacher. The venerable ruins of the once imposing Castle of Etal, 
are situated at the v/est end of the village. This fortress is supposed to have 
been erected in 13-11, by Sir Robert de Mo.nners, and was, for a long period, 
the residence of the deputy warden of the marches. Two of its old towers 
and a portion of the court wall are all that remain to attest its former great- 
ness. Etal House, the residence of Lord F. Fitzclarence, is a plain stone 
mansion, surrounded by extensive plantations. 

Berry Hill, New Etal, Hay Farm, Letham Hill, Errol Hut, Rhodes, 
Slainsfield, and Watchlaw, are hamlets in this coustablewick. 



Post Office, Etal. — James Mack, postmaster. Letters arrive at 5 p.m., and are 
despatclied at 9 a.m. 



Aitchison William, blacksmith, Errol Hut 
Andersoa Geo. and Co. coal owners, Etal 

Colliery 
Black Thomas & Son, farmers, Hay Farm 
Fitzclarence Lord F. Etal House 
Dippie Adam, grocer 
Elliott Adam, shoemaker 
Hutchinson Thomas, shoemaker 
Jones John, gamekeeper 
Laidler Thomas, farmer, Letham Hill 
Lisle George, butcher 



Mack James, schoolmaster 

McLeod Mary, vict. Black Bull 

Ogden John Biss, farmer Berry Hill 

Paxton Matthew, gardener 

Eobinson Eex. Thomas, (Presbyterian), 

The Manse 
S]}ort Henry, farmer, Rhodes 
Short Henry, corn miller, Etal Mills 
Steel Thomas, farmer, New Etal 
TuUy John, joiner 
Wilson Robert, farmer, AVatch Law 



Ford is a coustablewick and village in the parish of the same name, the 
property of the Marquis of Waterford, who is also lord of the manor, and holds 
his courts leet and baron annuallj^ The manor of Ford anciently belonged to a 
family that bore the local name. It was transferred by marriage, to the Herons 
of Hadstone, one of whom v^^as captain of the castles of Bambrough, Pickering, 
and Scarbrough, and warden of the forests north of the Trent, as also Fligh 
Sheriff of Northumberland for eleven successive years. His son. Sir William 
Heron, was summoned to parliament, in the reign of Edward III., in 1371, 
and was ambassador to France, in the reign of Flenry IV. He died, in 1404, 
and was succeeded by his nephew, who was high sheriff of the county from 
1441 to 1445 ; but he suffered attaineder, in J 461, for his attachment to the 
House of Lancaster, though his estates v/ere afterwards restored by Edward 
IV. On the demise of William Heron, in 1536, the estate passed by 
marriage to Thomas Carr, Esq., of Etal, after whose death it was claimed by 
George Heron of Chipchase, in virtue of an entail made by Sir William ITerou, 
in the reign of Henry VIII. The daughter and heiress of the above- 
mentioned Thomas Carr, Esq., married Sir Francis Blake, whose daughter 
Mary married Edward Delaval, Esq., after whose decease, in 1808, Ford was 



FOi^D PARISH. 699 

possessed by Ids relict ; and, on her death, in 182-3, it passed to her grand- 
daughter, the Marchioness of Waterford, on whose demise, in 1827, it became 
the property of the Marquis of Waterford, the present proprietor. 

The Village of Ford is situated on an eminence on the east bank of 
the Till, where there is a good stone bridge seven miles N. N. W. of Wooler. 
The situation of this village is very picturesque ; and its old castle, with 
the beautiful scenery by which it is surrounded, are much admired. The 
Chutch dedicated to 8t. Miclmel, was enlarged and beautified in 1852, 
at an expense of £1,500, and is now a very neat edifice. The Marquis of 
AVaterford, the Earl of Glasgow, the trustees of the late R. C. Askew, Esq., 
the church-building societies, and the parishioners were liberal subscribers 
towards its renovation. The parish register commences in 1G83 ; and the 
living, a rectory in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery of Norham, 
is valued in the Liber Regis at £24 ; gross income, £628. Patron, the 
Marquis of Waterford, and the Rev. Thomas Knight, B.A., is rector. Ford 
School is attended by seventy pupils, of whom thirteen boys, and thirteen 
girls, are educated at the expense of the Marquis of Waterford. David G. 
Smith, teacher. 

Ford Castle, a seat of the Marquis of Waterford, is situated to the west of 
the village. It was erected in 1287, by Sir William Heron, and was re-edified 
by the late Lord Delaval. Two old towers are the only portions of the ancient 
structure remaining in the present edifice, which was erected in 17GI-4. 
The centre of the south front is formed by a semi-hexagonal projection, sur- 
mounted by square turrets. On the west side of the area, in front, is an old 
square tower, composed of two turrets, rising one above the other ; the upper 
one being so much less than that which supports it as to afford a spacious 
battlement. The area is encircled by a w^all, wdiich is protected by turrets 
placed at convenient distances, and at each corner there is a strong tower. 
The Castle of Ford is often mentioned in connection with the wars between 
England and Scotland. The Scots under the Earls of Fife, March, and 
Douglas, made an incursion into Northumberland, in 1385, and daring their 
progress demolished this castle as well as those of Warkand Cornhill. It was 
also captured by the Scots previous to the Battle of Flodden Field, and in 
1549 the same enemy, under the command of D'Esse, a French general of great 
military skill, made an attack upon this castle, and laid the greater part of 
it in ashes. 

Ford Constablewick includes the village of Ford, and the hamlets of Ford 
Bridge, Ford Common, Ford Forge, Ford Mill, Ford Hill, Ford Moss, and 
Ford West Field. At Ford Moss there is a colliery, ^vorked by the Marquis 
of Waterford, which gives employment to about seventy individuals. Robert 
Allan, manager. Ford Moss School is under the patronage of the Marquis 
of Waterford, and has an average attendance of fifty children, John Kidd, 
teacher. 

AllauA. E. &• Co. grocers, drapers, and iron- 1 Allan Mark & sons, joiners and cartwriglits 
raongers,Foi*d Forge |, Ford Forge 

2 u 



700 



GL END ALE WARD WEST DIVISION, 



Allan Robert, colliery agent, Ford Moss 

Aynsley Henry, stonemason 

Black James, cornmiller (T. & J. Black) ; 

ho. West Heaton 
Black John, farmer, Ford West Field 
Black John, spade and shovel manufacturer 
(Thomas Black and Sons) ; ho. Ford 
West Field 
Black Thomas and James, cornmillers, 

Ford Mills 
Black Thomas & Sons, spade, shovel, and 
agricultural implement manufacturers, 
Ford Forge 
Blackdew Eev. Fred. Chalfcnt, M.A. Ford 

Castle 
Blackdew John C, Esq. land agent. Ford 

Castle 
Carpenter Mr. Geo. Charles, Ford Cottage 
Chisholm Raph, junior, farmer. Ford Hill 
Cristal Thomas, fanner 
Cristal Thomas, vict. DelavaVs Ar7ns 
Drysdale WiUiam, grocer. Ford Common 
.Dunn Richard, gamekeeper 
Fish John, shoemaker 



Grey George, slater 
Hall Mark, stonemason 
Hunter Robert, shoemaker 
Hunter Robert, farmer, Fordwood 
Hutchinson Alexander, blacksmith 
Jackson Thomas, tailor 
Kidd John, schoolmaster, Ford Moss 
Knight Rev. Thomas, B.A., rector 
Neal Jonathan and Thomas, stonemasons 
Nesbit John, tailor 
Ormston John, forester 
Ruel Mr. John '- 

Rutherford Thomas, farmer, Roughtin 
Lynn 

Short Edward, joiner 

Smith David G. schoolmaster and parish 
clerk 

Smith John, gamekeeper 

Smith Samuel, tailor 

Struth Peter, grocer & draper, Ford Bridge 

Thomas William, bailiff to the Marquis 
of Waterford 

Tovms Mr. Nicholas 



Hetherslaw constablewick comprises the bamlets of Blinkbonny, Brick 
Sheds, Encampment, East, Mid, and West Flodden, Heulaw, Hetherslaw, 
Lmthaughs, Look-out, Mount Pleasant, Sandyford, and Oakhall. The 
Hamlet of Hetherslaw is situated one mile W.N.W. of Ford. Flodden Hill, 
in this neighbourhood, was the scene of the celebrated battle of Flodden Field, 
which was fought on the 9th September, 1513, between the English com- 
manded by the Earl of Surrey, Lord Dacres, and other noblemen ; and the 
Scotch under King James IV. This decisive conflict is sometimes called the 
battle of Branxton, as it was partly fought, and finally decided, by the death 
of King James, and the total defeat of his army near that place. James, the 
Scottish King, had long complained of Henry's retention of the jewels which 
his father had bequeathed to Margaret, the Scottish Queen, and was enraged 
at the recent death of Barton, his gallant admiral, the pride of Scotland, whom 
the English, accusing of piracy, had attacked and slain. Eager to vindicate 
the honour of his crown, James listened gladly to the proposal of France, and 
while Henry was still engaged upon the continent, crossed the borders with 
his army. The defence of England devolved upon the brave Earl of Surrey. 
' When this leader beheld the strong position of the Scottish camp, with its 
\only accessible quarter bristling with cannon, he marched on as if for Scotland, 
and returned to attack the enemy on the opposite and unguarded side of the 
hill. James immediately occupied another of the Cheviots, and, having 
arranged his army into several distinct bodies, marched down to meet the 
charge of the Earl. After a brief struggle, a large body of the Scottish spear- 
men drove back the right wing of the English, while encircled with a gallant 
array, James pushed on, despite of all the efforts of his adversaries, to within 
a few yards of the royal standard. Notwithstanding the panoply in which he 



KIRK NEWTON PARISH. 



701 



and his followers were cased, the clouds of Eogiisli arrows sped not in vain ; 
yet still he pressed forw^ard, wdtli ranks ever closing as fast as his warriors 
fell. The billmeu of England tried their deadly w^eapons ; but no matter, the 
king toiled on, and with spear and battle-axe, with sword and mace, he 
hewed out or crushed down a bloody and difficult path. Vain, however, 
were his gallant efforts, the war-cry of the English thundered upon 
his rear, his spearmen had been swept away from the field, and the 
victors, exulting and resistless, were closing around him. Soon his ranks 
were broken, all w^as confusion and despair, and, amid the dead bodies 
of thirty of his faithful nobles, with his hands hacked in pieces, his head 
gashed with a bill, and his body pierced with arrows, the Scottish King yielded 
up his life. Six thousand horses, and a park of seventeen pieces of artillery 
fell into the hands of the conquerors. The loss of the Scotch was variously 
estimated at from eight to twelve thousand men, among whom were a great 
number of knights and gentlemen, seventeen lords, twelve earls, four abbots, 
and the archbishop of St. Andrews. Long did the Scotch tremble at the name 
of Flodden Field. Near to Branxton is a large upright pillar, erected as a 
memorial of this victory. On the summit of Flodden Hill is a natural rock 
called the King's Chair, from which James had a good view of the English 
army and his own. The top of Flodden Flill is now covered with a large 
plantation of fir trees. 



Phillips Geo. brick and tile manufacturer, 

Flodden 
Taylor Jobn E. surgeon, Lintliauglis 

Farmers 
Brown Andrew, Lintliauglis 
Duns William, Linthaughs 



Elliott William, Mount Pleasant 
Glendinning Henry, Blinlcbonny 
Glendinning John, West Flodden 
Marshall Eicliard, Hetherslaw 
Steel Isaac, Middle Flodden 
Thompson Thomas, Encampment 



KiMMEESTON is a constablewick and hamlet in the above named parish. 
The Hamlet of Kimmerston is situated one and a half miles south by east 
of Ford. Broomridge, a hamlet in this constablewick, was formerly a con- 
siderable village; and from a passage in Florence of Worcester, Camden supposes 
it to have been the Brunanburgh, where King Athelstan defeated Anlaf 
the Dane, Constantino of Scotland, and Eugenius the petty King of Cumber- 
land, in 928. It was formerly a portion of the manor of Roddam. 

Directory. — John Piercy, blacksmith ; and James Grey, farmer. 



KIRK NEWTON PARISH. 



Kirk Newtown parish is bounded on the north by the parishes of Ford, 
Carham, and Branxton, on the west by Scotland, on the south by Coquetdale 
Ward, and on the east by Doddington and Wooler parishes. It comprises 
the townships of Akeld, Coldsmouth and Thompson's Walls, Coupland, 



70'2 GLEN DALE WAED—^'EST DIVISION. 

Crookliouse, Grey's Forest, Heathpool, Howtell, Kilham, Kirk Newton, 
Laiiton, Milfield, Newton West, Paston, Selby's Forest, and Yearering, whose 
united area is 37,976 acres. Its population in 1801, \Yas 1,406 ; in 1811, 
],47a; in 1821, 1,701; in 1831, 1,671; in 1841,1,726; and in 1851, 
1,732 souls. The principal landowners are Sir William Davison, Sir F. 
Blake. MattTiew Guller, Esq., George A. Grey, Esq., the Earl of Tankerville, 

Morton, Esq., Percival Clennell, Esq., George Rea, Esq., Frank Sitwell, 

Esq., Lady Stfinley, John Ord, Esq., Alexander Thompson, Esq., and Robert 
Thompson, Esq. This parish occupies rn extensive but thinly populated 
tract, in the south-wTstern part of Gleudale Ward. 

Akeij) is a township and hamlet, containing 2,208 acres, and its population 
in 1801, -w^as 153; in 1811, 164; in 1821,167; in 1831,171; in 184^, 182; 
and in 1851, 186 sonls. The Hamlet of Akeld is situated two and tliree 
quarter miles W.N.W. of Wooler. 

DiBECTOEY. — George Cranston, cartwright; and the farmers are John 
Hogarth, and James Rutherford. 

CoLDSMouTH AKD THOMPSON s Walls form a township, about three miles 
west of Kirk Newton. The area of the township is 1,415 acres, and the 
number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 32; in 1811, 49 ; in 1821, 44 ; in 
1831, 41 ; in 1841, 38 ; and in 1851, 20 souls. The principal residents are 
Charles Rea, farmer, Coldsmouth ; and George Tait, farmer, Thompsons 
Walls. 

- Coupland township, the property of Matthew Culley, Esq., is situated four 
miles north-west by west of Wooler, and comprises an area of 1,428 acres. 
The population in 1801, was 70; in 1811, 101 ; in 1821, 98 ; in 1831, 
100; in 1841, 109; and in 1851, 160 souls. Coupland was anciently part 
of the barony of Wooler, and was held by the Muschampe family. It after- 
wards became the property of the Wallaces, from whom it passed to the 
Ogles, and subsequently to the present proprietor. Coupland Castle is the 
seat of the Earl of Durham. 

DiEECTOEY. — The Right Hon. the Earl of Dm'ham, Coupland Castle; 
Adam Richardson, miller ; and the farmers are George Fogo, George 
Mowitt, ajid Adam Richardson. 

Ceookhouse, a small township, containing 467 acres, is situated six and a 
half miles W.N.W. of Wooler, and its population in 1801, was 14 ; in 1811, 
12; in 1821, 18; in 1831, 20; in 1841, 18; and in 1851, 29 souls. 

Geet's Forest township is situated two miles west of Kirk Newton. It 
comprises an area of 6,615 acres, and the number of its inhabitants in 1801, 
was 58; inl811, 49; inl821, 54; in 1831, 44; inlS4l, 56; andinl851, 
44 souls. 

Heathpool is a township, five and a half miles west of Wooler. It con- 
tains 1,037 acres, and its population in 1801, was 38 ; in 1811, 48; in 1821, 
42 ; in 1831, 43 ; in 1841, 51 ; and in 1851, 44 souls. The princip.al in- 
habitants are William Davison, miller; and WilUam Davison, and William 
Reed, farmers. 

Howtell i3 a township and hamlet, containing 1,145 acres, and it con- 



KIRK NEWTON PARISH, 



'03 



tainedin 1801, 186; in 1811, 130; in 1821, 190; in 1831, 195; in 1841, 
191; and in 1851,196 inhabitants. The Hamlet of Howtell is situated 
two and a half miles N.N.W. of Kirk Newton. Here is a Presbyterian 
Chapel, erected in 1850. It is a fine commodious building, capable of ac- 
commodating about 350 persons. Rev. David Taylor, minister. 

Directory. — Andrew Brown, vict. Plough Inn ; George Douglas, school- 
master ; George Johnson, blacksmith ; James Wallace, grocer ; and the 
farmers are Andrew Brown, and Thomas Howie. 

KiLHAM, a township and village, is the property of the Earl of Tankerville, 
who is also lord of the manor. The area of the township is 2,855 acres, and 
its population in 1801, was 206; in 1811, 252; in 1821, 246 ; in 1831, 217 ; in 
1841, 279 ; and in 1851, 258 souls. The Village of Kilhamis situated on 
the north side of Kilham Hills, seven and a half miles W.N.W. of Wooler. 

Post Office, Kilham, Thomas Smith, postmaster. Letters arrive at 5 p.m., and are 
despatched at 8-30 p.m. 

DiRECTOBY.— George Dickson, joiner and cartwright ; George Dickson, 
jun., joiner and cartwright ; Peter Hogg, shopkeeper ; William Lauder, shop- 
keeper ; Thomas Smith, shoemaker ; John Tate, blacksmith ; AVilliam Percy, 
tailor ; and Alexander Borthwick, farmer. 

Kirk Newton is a township and village, giving name to the parish in 
which it is situated. The township contains 2,217 acres, and the number of 
its inhabitants in 1801, was 55 ; in 1811, 74; in 1821, 83 ; in 1831, 76; 
in 1841, 83 ; and in 1851, 88 souls. The manor of Kirk Newton was 
formerly held under the barony of Wark, by the ancient family of Strothers, 
from whom it was transferred to John Strother Kerr, Esq., of Nenthorn, in 
Berwickshire. The Village of Kirk Newton is situated five miles W.N.VT". 
of Wooler. The Churcpi is dedicated to St. Gregory, and the parish 
register commences in 1790. The living, a vicarage in the archdeaconry of 
J_jindisfarne, and deanery of Bambrough, is valued in the Liber Eegis at 
£3 13s. 4d. ; gToss income, £491. Patron, J. Davison, Esq. ; incumbent, 
the Rev. Christopher Robinson, M.A. Here is a National School, a neat 
small building, attended at present by about 40 children. William Balmer, 
teacher. 



Balmer William, schoolmaster aud parish 
clerk 
. Chambers Margaret, vict. Black Bull, 
■■^ Bendor 

1 Robinson Rev. Christopher, M.A. vicar 
Tate John, blacksmith, Thornington 

^■': Farmers 

'■Anderson James Hanston Haugh 
^'Bi-omfield James, Eeeclsford 

Lanton 
a half miles 



Brown Christopher, Tni3erie 
Brown James, Kippie 
Hendei'son Willian), Longley Ford 
Hunt John, Thornington 
Eand James, Beaumont Hill 
Robson Robert, & "William Logan, 

House 
Thompson Alexander 
Thompson Robert 



Sandy 



IN tovv^nship is situated on the north side of the river Glen, four and 
miles north-west by north of Wooler. It contains 983 acres, and its 



704 GLEKDALE WAED WEST DWISIOK. 

population in 1801, was 81 ; in ] 811, 60 ; in 1831, 69 ; in 1831, 78 ; in 
1841, 83; and in 1851, 84 souls. Here is a corn mill, worked by Messrs. 
Jolin and Thomas Hall. The principal inhabitants are John and Thomas 
Hall, farmers and millers, and Anthony Barber, farmer. 

Mii.FiELD is a township and viUage, the property of several proprietors. 
The area of the towniship is 1,471 acres, and its population in 1801, was 193; 
in 1811, 168; in 1821, 259 ; in 1831, 262 ; in 1841,225; andiul851, 
946 souls. This township was formerly the property of the Muschampe 
family. The Village of Milfield is situated sis miles north-west of Wooler, 
and on its south side is the famed plain of Milfield. In August, 1402, Earl 
Douglas, who had a grant of the estates of the Earl of March, and anxious 
to drive him to his ruin entered Northumberland. Ten thousand warriors, 
the best of Scotland, followed the banner of Douglas, who flew like a meteor 
from the Lothians to the Tweed, from the Tweed to the Tyne, and carried 
devastation to the very walls of Newcastle, without finding any force to oppose 
Mm. He then retraced his steps loaded with plunder. During his advance 
to the south, the Earl of Northumberland, and his son Hotspur, with his 
deadly enemy the Earl of March, gathered a numerous army in the rear* 
Douglas, hampered by his spoil, came suddenly upon this force, w^hich was • 
posted near Milfield. He perceived a strong position between the two armies 
called Homildon Hill, and he had the good sense to sieze it. The English, 
with the people of the Earl of March, occupied the ridges of a neighbouring 
hill, but they left it to advance to the assault, and Hotspur was about to 
charge up the hill of Homildon, when the Earl of March caught his bridle, 
and advised him to stay where he was, and begin the fight with his archers^ 
not with his horse. The advice was taken, the English bowmen advanced 
to the foot of the hill, and shot upwards with w-onderful force and correct 
aim. Instead of charging at first, as Bruce did the English archers at 
Bannockburn, Douglas did nothing, but left his people drawn up in ranks on 
the face of the hill, where they presented one general mark to the enemy. 
Scarcely an English arrow sped in vain, the Scots fell in heaps without 
fighting. At last Douglas made up his mind to charge down the hill, or, as 
it is related by Fordun, Swinton, a spirited knight, induced this movement 
by exclaiming — " Oh ! my brave fellow soldiers, what fascinates you to-day, 
that you stand like deer and fawns in a park to be shot, instead of showing 
your ancient valour, and meeting your foes hand to hand ? Let those who 
will descend with me, and in the name of the Lord, we will break that host, 
and conquer; or, if not, at least die with honour, hke soldiers." As Douglas 
descended, the English bowmen retired a little, but they pulled their bows as 
they withdrew — and, presently halting again, sent a flight of arrows so 
'• sharp and strong," that no armour could withstand it, and as he was spur- 
ring forward, the Douglas himself, whose armour was of the most perfect 
temper, was wounded, though not mortally, in five different places. He fell 
from his horse, was made prisoner, and then a complete rout of the Scots 
ensued. Eight hundred of them remained on the field, and five hundred, it 
is said, were drowned in the Tw^eed. Besides Douglas, whose principal 
wound deprived him of an eje, the son of the Duke of Albany, the Earls of 



KIRK KEWTON PARISH. 705 

Moray and Angus, two barons, eighty knights, and many otlier persons of high, 
rank were made prisoners by the Percies. The EngUsh men-at-arms, knights 
and squires, never drew the sword or couched the lance, the whole affair 
being decided by the archers. Such w-as the famous battle of Homildon Hill, 
■svhich was fought on Holy-Rood-Day, 140'2. 

Eomau and other remains have been discovered in this neighbourhood at 
different periods. 

Post Office, Milfield, Thomas Clarke, xjostmaster. Letters arrive at 2-30 p.m., and 
are despatched at 3-10 p.iQ. 



Mowitt Ealph, blacksmith 

Short John, farmer 

Thompson Thomas, schoolmaster 

Tm-nbull George, farmer 

Turnbull Gilbert, vict. Red Lion Inn 

Watson Henry, saddler 



Clark Thomas, draper and grocer 

Davison Thomas, tailor 

Gilholme Isabella, shopkeeper 

Grey George A. Esq. Milheld Hill 

Grey James, shoemaker 

Lowrey Wilham, baker 

Marshall William, joiner and cartwright 

Newton (West) is a township and hamlet in the above parish, containing 
1,063 acres, and the number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 60 ; in 1811, 
68 ; in 1821, 95 ; in 1831, 86 ; in 1841, S3 ; and in 1851, 91 souls. The 
Hamlet of West Newton is situated on the west side of a small rivulet half 
a mile west of Kirk Newton. 

Directory. — James Dodds, farmer and corn miller, Canno Mill ; and John 
Borthwick, farmer. 

Pastox is a tov\'n^hip and village, containing an area of 2,336 acres, and 
its population in 1801, was 135 ; in 1811, 180 ; in 1821, 209 ; in 1831, 207 ; 
in 1841, 199; and in 1851, 208 souls. It was long the property of a 
branch of the Selbys of TwizeU, who had a seat here. The Village of 
Paston is situated on the south side of the Beaumont, nine miles W.N.W. of 
Wooler. Harelaw is a hamlet and lofty eminence in Paston township, five 
miles west of Kirk Newton, The hill, as it name denotes, has been the station 
of an army, and has a circular entrenchment, with a double rampart and 
fosse. Shottox is another hamlet in this township, situated on the verge of 
Scotland, five miles west of Kirk Newton. 

Dieectory. — Andrew Thompson, farmer, Shotton ; and John Thompson, 
fariner. 

Selby s Forest is an extensive township, consisting of moors and mountains, 
among the latter of which is the far famed Cheviot, which gives name to an 
extensive range of hills of various elevations. A lake on the summit of 

o 

Cheviot is often frozen at midsummer. The area of this township is 11,853 
acres, and the number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 57 ; in 1811, 60 ; in 
1821, 63 ; in 1831, 66; in 1841, 61; and in 1851, 49 souls. 

Yeavering is a township and hamlet, containing 883 acres. Population in 
1801,68; in 1811, 59; in 1821, 64; in 1831, 68; in 1841,68; and iu 
1851, 29 souls. The Hamlet of Yeavering is situated four and a half miles 
W.N.W. of Wooler, and appears to have been a place of some importance in 
ancient times. We find it mentioned as early as the year 627, when it was 
the residence of Edwin, King of Northumbria, and the sceuQ of the labours 



^06 



MoePeth wakd. 



of the Roman missionary Paulinas, who, during his stay here, baptized many 
thousands in the river Glen. Tho Scots were defeated near this place, in 
1414, by Sir Eobert Umfraville, then commander of Roxburgh Castle, and 
the Earl of Westmoreland, then lord warden of the Marches. Sir Ptobert, 
with one hundred and forty kuights, and three hundred bo^vmen, defeated 
four thousand Scots, killed sixty, took one hundred and sixty prisoners, and 
pursued them for twelve miles into their own country. A rade whinstoue 
eolamn on the south side of the village, points out the scene of this conflict. 
Yeavebing Bell, a mountain 2,000 feet above the level of the sea, is situated 
at a little distance south of the hamlet. On its summitis an area enclosed by 
the remains of a wall 1,000 . paces in circumference. Many cairns and 
drindical remains have been found in this neighbourhood, which seems to 
have been one of the principal stations of the Druids in the north. The 
principal resident is Charles Borthwick, farmer. 



MORPETH WARD. 



MoEPETH Ward is bounded on the north by Coquetdale Ward, on the west 
by Tindale Ward, on the south by Castle Ward, and Bedlingtonshire, and on 
the east by the German Ocean. "^ It is divided into two divisions, East and 
West, comprehending eight parishes, and four parochial chapelries, and com- 
prises an area of 98,991 statute acres. Its population in 1801, was 11,422 ; 
in 1841, 14,125 ; and in 185 J it had increased to 16,023 souls. This district 
possesses a rich and fertile soil, and is well watered by the rivers Coquet, 
Wansbeck, Funt, and Line, and by several rivulets. The surface is generally 
level, but on the banks of the Coquet, the Wansbeck, and the Funt, the 
scenery is more varied and picturesque. The following table exhibits the 
names of the parishes, their acreage, number of houses, and population 
in 1851 :— 



PARISHES, &c. 


Acres. 


Houses. 


POPULATION. 


Males. 


Females. 

318 
481 
719 
314 
517 
318 

2.611 
231 
158 

2,274 
221 
851 


lotal. 

634 
946 

1,506 
618 
995 
700 

5,020 
489 
329 

4,439 
429 

1,598 


Bolam 


7,830 
7,503 

25,778 
7,096 

12.849 
9,595 
8,177 
7,723 
3,015 

19,305 
4,530 
8,456 


134 

176 

279 

130 

213 

141 

765 

96 

78 

861 

94 

326 


310 

465 
787 
304 
47S 
352 

2,409 
258 
171 

2,105 
208 
747 


Bothal 

Hartbnrn 


Hebron 


Longhorsley 


Mitforcl 


Morpeth 


Netherwittoii 


Ulgham 


Warkworth 


Widdrington 


Woodhorn 





BOTHAL PARISH. 



707 



Date. 
1553. 



1711. 
1711. 

1713. 



1713. 
1760. 

1760. 

1761. 

1795. 
1802. 
1822. 

1826. 



CHARITIES OF MORPETH WARD. 

Donor and nature of gifts To what places and purposes applied. Annual value 

Morpeth Grammar Scliool (reut and ) i^-)ot 

rent charge) J ^'"''^^ ^ 

Pye & Buhuan (rent and rent charge) Morpeth — poor 12 

Countess of CarHsle (rents) Morpeth — poor 

George Wilson (i-ent charge) Morpeth — poor 

George Wilson (rent charge) Ulgham chapelry — poor .... 

J .^^17. W.r,^ ^vpnf Phnrcrp^ 1 Morpeth— Poor Housekecpers 



1 10 



& E. Ward (rent charge) ^ ^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^ j^^^^^^^ 

John Willduson (rent charge) Morpeth poor 

Kev. C. Stafford (rent charge) Bothal Parish School 

Elizabeth Cl„tte.b„cL («.t charge) {^^-^^"litson aSlTs^D^; 

Heu^ Ogle (dividends) { ''^'TjrZX ^■"■. .!" 

Coates and Another (interest) Bothal — poor 

Henry Ogle(rent charge) Causey Park School 

Sir G. Warren (rent charge) Widcirington — Pvepairs of Chapel 

Anne Ogle (dividends) j Long Horsley Parish -Educa- 

^ ^ ( tion ot poor children .... 

John "Ward (dividends) Morpeth — poor 

John Arthur and John Green (interest) Hartburn School 

Anne Coward (interest) Morpeth — poor 

Lady Bulkeley (dividends), Woodhorn Parish — poor 



2 5 





1 10 





1 10 





1 10 





10 





10 





2 16 






5 2 



2 
15 

2 







3 18 


6 


3 10 

3 17 

1 

19 5 



6 

2 



Total. 



,^•301 16 5 



MORPETH WARD.— EAST DIVISION. 



BOTHAL PARISH. 

Bothal parish comjirises tbe towiisliips of Asbington and Sheepvvasll, 
Botbal Demesne, Longhirst, Oldmoor, and Pegsworth, whoso united area is 
7,593 acres. The popiihttion in 1801, ^Yas 622; in 1811, 557; in J 821, 
658 ; in 1831, 755 ; in 1841, 800 ; and in 1851, 946 souls. This parish is 
about three miles in length, by the same in breadth, and is bounded 
b}^ the parishes of Woodhorn, Ulgham, Hebron, and Morpeth; as also 
by the river Wansbeck, which separates it from Bedlingtonshire. 

AsHiNGTON AND Sheepwasii fomi a township in the above parish, contain- 
ing 688 acres, the property of the Duke of Portland. The number of 
inhabitants in 1801, was 63; in 1811, 58; in 1821, 50; in 1831, 57; in 
1841, 76 ; and in 1851, 76 sotils. The rateable value of the township is 
£750 10s. The Hamlet of Asbington is situated about four and a half 
miles east of Morpeth, and consists of one farm, occupied by Mr. John 
Angus, of Whitefield. The rectory house is situated at Sweepwash, which 
occupies the south side of the townsbip, attached to it tberc are about 100 



708. 



MOEPETH" WAKD EAST DIVISION. 



acres of glebe land. There is a bridge across the Wansbeck, which is m 
gable here for keels and small boats. St. Margaret's Well, in the neighbourhood 
of Ashington, was formerly held in high repute. Here is a colliery wTOught. 
by Lea Dickinson & Co. — For Directory see Bothal Demesne. 

BoTHAL Demesiie, a township and village in the parish of the same 
name, contains 3,024 acres, the property of the Duke of Portland, and its 
rateable valu€ is i'1,961 19s. Its population in 1801, was 193 ; in 1811, 
163; in 1821, 198; in 1831, 227; in 1841, 249 ; and in 1851, 269 souls. 
Bothal lordship was made a barony by Richard I., and was held in capite 
by Ptobert Bertram, for the service of three knights' fees. This barony was 
held for many generations, by the successors of the above mentioned Robert, 
one of whom being Sheriff of Northumberland and Governor of Newcastle, in the 
reign of Edward III., obtained from that monarch the privilege of transform- 
ing his manor-house of Bothal into a castle. His daughter and heiress 
having married Sir Robert Ogle, knt., of Ogle, conveyed the estates of the 
Bertrams to the Ogle family. Sir Robert bequeathed Bothal to his youngest 
son John, and his paternal estate to his eldest son Robert, who, after his 
father's death, took forcible possession of his brother's property, but was soon 
ejected from it ; after which having distinguished himself by his bravery in 
the "Wars of the Roses," in w4iich he supported the cause of the House of 
York, he was created Baron of Bothal, and first Lord Ogle, of Ogle. On the 
death of Cutlibert, the seventh and last Lord Ogle, without male issue, the 
estates passed to his daughters Joanna and Catherine, the former of whom 
was married to Edward Talbot, Esq., the youngest son of the Earl of 
Shrewsbury, and the latter was espoused by Sir Charles Cavendish, of Wel- 
beck, in Nottinghamshire, and was created Baroness Ogle. She w^as succeeded 
by her son, Sir William Cavendish, w4io was made a Knight of the Bath, in 
J610 ; Baron of Ogle and Viscount Mansfield in 1621 ; Baron Bertram and 
Bolsover, and Earl of Newcastle in 1628 ; Marquis of Newcastle in 1644; 
and Earl Ogle and Duke of Newcastle in 1664. He took a very prominent 
part in the civil wars, and after the battle of Marston Moor was obliged to fly 
to the continent, wherehe remained till the Restoration, after which he retired 
to his seat at Welbeck, and spent the rem.ainder of his days in literary 
pursuits. His only daughter and heiress was married to John HoUis, who 
was created Duke of Newcastle, and died in 1711, leaving an only daughter, 
who was espoused by the Earl of Oxford and Mortimer, by whom she had an 
only daughter and heiress, Lady Margaret Cavendish Harley, who married 
the Dake of Portland, from wliom the Bothal estates descended to the present 
Duke of Portland, who holds a Court Leet and Baron here in April and May. 

The Village of Bothal is pleasantly situated on the north side of the 
Wansbeck, three miles east of Morpeth. The Paeish Church, dedicated to 
St. Andrew, is situated near the Castle, and consists of nave, chancel, and 
aisles. It contains a fine alabaster tomb, with recumbent effigies, said 
to represent some of the Ogle family. The living is a rectory in the 
archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery of Morpeth, valued in the Liber 
Regis at £25 ; gross income £1,493. Patron, the Duke of Portland; rector, 



BOTHAL PARISH. 



700 



Rev. H. Hopwoocl, M.A. ; Eev. Edward Lacey, curate. Botlml Castle stands 
upon a green knoll of oval form, adjacent to tlie Church, and is still an im- 
posing monument of feudal grandeur. Of this once statety edifice there still 
remain a large gateway tower, and several fragments of the outward walls. 
The remaining gateway, with its strong towers, appears to be the most modern 
part of the building, and bears several shields of arms, besides the figure of 
a man in the attitude of sounding a horn, while another holds in his hands a 
ball or stone. This tower is supposed to have been erected in the reign of 
Edward IV., and several of its apartments are in a tolerable state of preserva- 
tion. It is now the property of the Duke of Portland. 

Chaeities. — The Rev. Christopher Stafford, rector of Bothal, in 1735^ gave 
£80, the interest of which -was to be applied for the support of the school at 
Bothal. The poor of this parish have charities amountiug to £40, the interest 
of which is annually distributed by the rector amongst the poor. 

Spearman James, miller, Bothal Mills 



Bootiman Elizabeth, vict. and shopkeeper, 

Castle Inn 
Cooper George, blacksraith 
Coson Joseph, farmer and butcher, Sheep- 

■wash 
Fenwick Thomas, gardener 
Gallon George, schoolmaster 
Hopvrood Eev. H. M.A. rector, Rectory 
Lacey Eev. Edward, cm-ate 
Sample Tulliam, agent to the Duke of 

Portland 



Farmers 
Angus John, Whitefield 
Brewis Samuel, Black Close 
Clark Wilham, Bothal Park 
Coward Humphrey, Bothal Barns 
CoxoD Joseph, and butcher, Sheepwash 
Coxon Thomas, and woodman 
Gray Edward, New Moor 
Humphrey Catherine Ann, Coney Garth 

Lo:n'ghtest is a township and viUage, the property of the Duke of Portland, 
AYilliam Lav^-son, Esq., and Thomas Lawson, Esq. The township contains 
1,703 acres, and its rateable ^value is £T,756 10s. Population in 1801, 154; 
in 1811, 161; in 1821, 176; in 1831, 216; in 1841, 210; and in 1851, 
293 souls. The Village of Loughirst is situated three miles north-east of 
Morpeth. Here is a National School, erected in 1847, at a cost of £140, 
upon a site granted by the Dake of Portland. The teacher's residence was 
the gift of William Lawson, Esq., who is also the patron of a library and news- 
room, at the house of the postmaster. The Newcastle and Berwick railway 
passes through the township, and has a station about half a mile east of the 
village. LoNGHiRST House, the seat of Wilham Lawson, Esq., is situated to 
the west of the village, and is a handsome and commodious mansion, occupying 
a gentle eminence above the Bothal Burn? 

Post Office, Longhiest, Eobert Hindhaugh,po.sfm(7sfer. Letters arrive here, from 
Morpeth, at 10 a.m., and are despatched thereto at 3 p.m. 



Davidson John, blacksmith 
Enghsh John, boot and shoemaker 
English Eobert, boot and shoemaker 
Hindhaugh Eobert, cartwright and vict. 

Half Moon 
Hunter Joseph, shoemaker 
Lawson Wm. Esq. J.P. Longhirst House 
Mitchell Thomas H. schoolmaster 
Noble Jai^ies, gardener 



Park George, tailor 

Scott Thomas, gamekeeper 

Sharp Thos. gentleman, Longhirst Grange 

Farmers 
Hindhaugh John 
Thompson Adam, Lane End 
Thompson Wilham, Coney Garth Moor 



TIO MOBPETH WARD EAST DTYISION. 

Oldmoor is a township aud hamlet, the property of the Duke of Portland, 
and A. J. B. Cresswell, Esq. The areaof the township is 911 acres, and its rate- 
able value £1,608 7s. 4d. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 59 ; 
in 1811, 52 ; in ]8'21, 79; in 1831, 66; in 1841, 58; and in 1851, 93 souls. 
The Ha^llet of Oldmoor is situated four and a half miles north-east of Mor- 
peth. Here is a station on the Newcastle and Berwick railway. 

Directory. — Joseph Brown, gardener; William Davidson, blacksmith; 
and the farmers are George Balmain, Steads ; Sarah Lamsdou, Potting ; and 
George Sadler, Steads. 

Pegsworth, or Pegswood, is a township and hamlet in the above parish. 
The township contains 1,267 acres, its rateable value is £2,042 J 5s,, and 
the Duke of Portland is landow^ner. Population in 1801, 158 ; in 1811, 12a; 
in 1821, 155 ; in 1831, 189 ; in 1841, 207; and in 1851, 215 souls. The 
Hamlet of Pegsworth. is two miles east by north of Morpeth, aud in its 
vicinity is a colliery worked by James Temple & Co. 

Anderson Eobert, farmer aud coal owner, 

(James Temple & Co.) 
Bov.-den Thomas, joiner and shopkeeper 
Jonrdan George, blacksmith 
Laidler Thomas, shoemaker 
Stick William, tailor 
Temple Jas. coalowner, ( Jas. Temple & Co.) 



i 



Waddle George, shoemaker 

Farmers 

Anderson Eobert, and coal owner 
Laidler Matthew 

Straker John, St. Clement's Trees 
Sharp .Jane 



ULGHAM PAPtOCHIAL CHAPELRY. 

Ulgham parochial chapeliy comprises the three joint townships of Ulgham, 
TJlgham Grange, and Stobswood. It is bounded by the parishes of Heb- 
ron, Warkworth, Widdrington, Woodhorn, and Bothal, and its area is 3,61.5 
acres. Population in 1801, 320; in 1811, 340; in ]8t21, 3i8 ; in 1831, 
359; in 1841, 368; and in 1851, 329 souls. The rateable value is 
£5,970 10s. 6d.; and, with the exception of a small portion of the township of 
Ulgham, the whole chapelry is the property of the Earl of Cp.rlisle. The soil 
is in some parts good, and in others poor and unproductive. 

The Village of Ulgham is pleasantly situated on the south bank of the 
river Line, five miles north-east by north of Morpeth. The Chapel, dedi- 
cated to St. John, is a neat stone structure, and the living is annexed to the 
rectoiy of Morpeth. The register of this chapelry commence in 1 602. Here 
is a neat school, erected about 36 yeai's ago, by the Earl of Carlisle, John J. 
Piobson, teacher. Ulgha?*! Grange, half a mile east of the village, is the 
property of Earl Grey, and consists of one farm and a mansion, the residence 
of Thomas L. Tindale, Esq. This edifice is delightfully situated on an emi- 
nence adjoining the Line Water, of which it commands a beautiful prospect. 
The banks and curves of the river between this place andLinemouth, are most 
picturesque. STOEsvrooD, two and a half miles north of Ulgham, contains 
three farms called East, West, and Middle Stobswood. 

Charities. — George Wilson, Esq., of Hepscott, in 1771, left a rent charge 
of 30s., to be given to the poor of this chapelry at Easter; and Ann Coward, 



WARKWOETII PARISH. 



ni 



who died in 1832, left £'20 to the poor of Ulgham Chapehy, the interest of 
''vhich was to be divided yearly among the poor on Christmas Day. 



Batty Sarah, vict. Sun Inn 
Brodriek Dennis, sbo]Dlieeper 
Brown John, vict. and bhicksmith, Black- 
smith's Arms 
Douglas Thomas, joiner - 
Douglas William, joiner and chapel clerk 
Hall Robert, woodman 
Kenrair Joseph, tailor 
Laidler Thomas, tailor 
Lee William, shoemaker 
McDowell James, shopkeeper 
Nelson John, slioeraaker and shopkeeper 
Robson John J. schoolmaster 



Farmers 

Appleby William, Ulgham House 

Aynesley John and Jacob, Ferney Beds 

Baron Eichard, Cockles 

Crawford John, Woodhouse 

Cleghorii Thomas, North Woodhouse 

Davidson Ralph, West Farm 

Melburn Robert, North Farm 

Robson Robert, The Fence 

Sanderson Robt. and miller, Ulgham Mill 

Shotton John, Ulgham Broom 

Taylor George, West Stobswood 

Tindale Thomas L. Ulgham Grange 

Todd William and John, East Stobswood 

W^hinkham John, Middle Stobswood 



WARKWORTH PARISH. 



Waekworth, a parish in the eastern division of Morpeth ward, and 
eastern division of Coquetdale ward, comprises eighteen townships, aud is 
bounded on the north by Shilbottle and Lesbury parishes, on the west by 
Felton, on the south by Widdringtoii, and on the east by the German Ocean. 
The parish contains an area of 19,365 acres; its population in 1801, was 
2,033 ; in 1811, 2,101 ; in 1821, 2,265 ; in 1831, 2,478; in 1841, 3,512 ; 
and in 1851, 4,439 souls. It is intersected by the river Coquet and by the 
Newcastle and Berwick railway. The scenery in this district is very bea-utiful, 
and gems and pebbles of great value are sometimes found in the bed of the 
Coquet. It abounds with coal and freestone ; limestone is also found, and 
there is a valuable whinstone dyke at Acklington. 

AcKLiNGTON is a township and village the property of the Duke of North- 
umberland. The area of the township is 2,072 acres, and its annual yalue 
£2,282 7s. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 257; in 1811, 249; 
in 1821, 269 ; in 1831, 286 ; in 1841, 301 ; and in 1851, 284 souls. The 
Village of Acklington is situated three and a quarter miles S.S.W. of Wark- 
worth, and has been much improved during the last few years, many handsome 
cottages in the early English style havhig been erected by the lord of the 
manor. There is a temporary chapel here in which the Rev. Dixon Brown, 
M.A., officiates, and a school and teachers house have been erected. The 
school is attended by ninety children, though it only possesses accommodation 
for eighty. John Fish and Miss Ann Fish, teachers. FT ere is a station on 
the Newcastle and Berwick railway. 

Post OrncE, Railway Station. — Frederick King, postmaster. This is the general 
post, and money order office for Amble, Felton, Widdrington, and Warkwortli. The 
mails arrive here from the south at 8-20 a.m., and from the north at 4-20 and 9-15 p.m. 



71-^ 



^lORPETH WARD— EAST DIVISION. 



Bell John, carrier 

Cowens Ealpli and Thomas, coal owners 

Cowens Eobert, shopkeeper 

Dawson Thomas, boot and shoemaker 

DrydenWiniam,vict. and blacksmith, T/^ree 

Horse Shoes 
Egdell John, vict. Bailway Hotel 
Fish John, schoolmaster 
Huntley John, vict. and grocer, Plough Inn 
Huntley William, joiner and builder, (John 

Huntley and Sod) 
King Frederick, station'master ^postmaster 
Piingle William, boot and shoemaker 
Purvis Mary, shopkeeper 



Thomson & Co. woollen manufacturers, 

Acklington Mill 
Thomson James (Thomson and Co.), 

farmer 

Farmers 

Cowens William, Acklington Coal Houses 
Egdell John, Raihvay Hotel 
Gregory William, Whirley Shaw 
Richardson Henry and Edmund, Chester 

House 
Scott James, Acklington Field 
Thompson Thomas Harper, Cavil Head 



Acklington Park, a township and hamlet in the above parish, contains 
766 acres, the property of the Duke of Northumberland. Its population in 
1801, was 108; in 1811, 195; in 1821, 125; in 1831, 107; in 1841, 133; 
and in 185 J, 104 souls. The rateable value is £686 12s. Id. The Hamlet 
of Acklington Park occupies a secluded situation, on the south side of 
the Coquet, three and three-quarter miles south-west by west of Warkworth. 
Here is a woollen factory. Acklington High Park, about half-way between 
Acklington and Felton, is situated on a delightful eminence south of the 
Coquet. 

Directory. — George Appleton, farmer, Acldington High Park; John Field, 
shopkeeper ; Eobert Freeman, shopkeeper ; John McKenzie, woodman ; and 
William Thomson (Thomson & Co.). 

Amble, a township and village in Warkworth parish, comprises an area of 
1,142 acres, and its annual value is £2,546 16s. The number of inhabitants 
in 1801, was 152; in 1811, 155; in 1821, 197; in 1831, 24T ; in 1841, 
742; and in 1851, it had increased to 1,040 souls. The Village of 
Amble occupies a fine situation near the mouth of the river Coquet, one mile 
south-east by south of AVarkworth ; and from the British and Roman remains 
which have iDoen found in the neighbourhood, it appears to have been a place 
of some consequence in early times. There was formerly a monastery here 
subordinate to the priory of Tynemouth, and its ruins, along with those of the 
chapel connected with it, are still visible. Amble is advantageously situated 
on an eminence commanding a view of the sea, and during the last few years, 
several good inns and houses have been erected. It is expected that when 
the new docks, now in course of erection, are completed, this village will 
become a flourishing harbour, and a place of some importance. 

Post Office, Amble .^ — Isabella Sanderson, postmistress. Letters arrive, from Ackling-. 
ton, at 10-30 a.m., and are despatched thereto at 2-45 and 6-45 p.m. 



Bell Andrew, farmer 

Bell Joseph, tailor 

Carr Francis, coal agent 

Chambers Andrew, chemist and druggist 

Chapman Isaac, coastguard 



Clayton John, ship captain 

Coulihard WiUiam, slater 

Currie Margaret, straw-bonnet maker 

Ditchbnrn James, carver 

Duncan WiUiam, surgeon, Amble House 



WAEKWORTH PARISH. 



7V^ 



Hepplewaite Thomas, harbour master 

Henderson Johu, pknnber, &c. 

Hintlraarsb John A. gentleman 

Jackson Henry, coastguard 

Johnston John, shipsmith 

Knox Eev. William (Independent) 

Muers John, master mariner 

Nichol Johu, superintendent of coastguard 

Pigg Charles, coal trimmer 



Potts John, schoolmaster 

Eichardson Andrew, custom-house officer 

Smith F. coastguard 

Spence William, coastguard 

Turnbull Thomas, ship chandler 

Tweedy Wilham, tailor 

Wliittield Edward, coal agent and clerk to 
the commissioners of Warkworth Har- 
bour 



Boot and Slioemakers 

Duncan John 
HaU Wilham 
Horn Eichard 



Drapers 
Marked * are also Tailors. 

* Dryden Eobert 

* Forster William 
Mclnnis Donald 
Sanderson Isabella 

* Eichardson Andrew 

Grrocers & Provision Dealers 

Beaty George 
Clarke Isabella 



Coker George 
Gray Frances 
Hutchinson Joseph 
Mason George 
Mclnnis Donald 
Neir John 
Pringle John 
Eowell John 
Sanderson Isabella 
Turner John 
Young Matthew 



Togston Arms, William Johnston 
Waterloo Inn, George Hall, and shipowner 
Wehvood Arms, Christopher Charlton 

Joiners and Cartwrights 

Marked * are also Shipwrights. 
Cavr Eobert 

* Edgeley Joseph, and boat builder 

* Gair and Wandless 

* Eichardson G. and K., and builders 
Eutherford Andrew 



Butcliers 

Graham Eichard 
Melrose Eichard 
Shotton James 

Hotels and Public Houses 
Blue Bell, James Purdy 
Docks Hotel, Elizabeth Turner 
Gardeners' Arms, Thomas Carse 
Harbour Inn, William Grey 
Masons' Arms, Cbarles Young 
Prince Albert, Ealph Graham 
Railway Hotel, Ehzabeth Watson 
Radcliffe Arms, Joshua Lockey 
Schooner Inn, Thomas Young 
Ship Inn, Eobert Carse 

BiRLiNG is a township and hamlet in the parish of Warkworth, but locally 
situated in the eastern division of Coquetdale Ward. It comprises an area 
of 826 acres, the property of the Duke of Northumberland, and the annual 
value is £1,240 15s. Od. Its population in 1801, was 87 ; in 1811, 81 ; in 
1821, 69 ; in 1831, 85 ; in 1841, 80 ; and in 1851, 73 souls. The Hamlet 
of Birling is situated half a mile north of Warkworth. 

Directory. — The farmers are Miss Alice Cramlington; John Leadler, 
North Side ; John Sordy ; and Matthew Wilson, West Farm. 

Brotherwick is also a township in the same parish, and same division of 
Coquetdale AVard as Birling. It is situated two miles west of Warkworth, 
and contains 184 acres, the property of the Duke of Northumberland, and 
Mr. Fenwick. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 10 ; in 1811, 9 ; 
in 1821, 10; in 1831, 4; in 1841, 10; and in 1851, 13 souls. Rateable 
value £610. This township is farmed by Mr. George Tate, of East House. 

Bullock's Hall, a township situated five miles south by west of Wark- 
worth, is the property of George Tate, Esq. It comprises an area of 205 
acres, and its rateable value is £276 4s. 7d. Population in 1801, 7; in 
1811, 22; in 1821, 14 ; in 1831, 14 ; in 1841, 19 ; and in 1851, 20 souls. 
This township consists of one farm and an old mansion ; the farmer does not 
reside here. 



714 



MOHPETH WARD— EAST DIVISION. 



BusTON (High) is a towriship and hamlet in this parish, but locally situated 
in the eastern division of Coquetdale Ward. It contains 706 acres, the pro- 
perty of the Duke of Northumberland, and G. F. Forster, Esq ;;and its rateable 
value is £1,255 12 Od. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 100; in 
1811,80; in 1821, 95; in 1831, 92, in 1841,100; and 1851, 97 souls. 
The tithes are commuted for £102 6s. 2d., of which the Bishop of Carlisle 
receives £78 8s. Sd., and the Vicar of AVark worth £23 15s. 6d. Here is 
a good stone-quarry which is worked by Mr. Thomas Brown of Warkworth. 
Tpie Hamlet of High Buston is situated two miles north by west of Wark- 
worth. BusTON House the seat and property of Roger Buston, Esq , is 
pleasantly situated, about one mile and a haff west of the sea. 

Directory. — Fioger Buston, Esq., Buston House ; William Common, vict 
and millwright. Plough Inn; William Heatley, farmer; and Heury and John 
Wilkinson, farmers. 

Buston (Low) is a township and haojlet in the same parish and same divi- 
sion of Coquetdale AVard as High Buston. The landov;ners here are Mrs. Anne 
Appleby, Lieutenant Spoor, the Misses Bourne, and Edvrard Thew, Esq. 
The township contains 870 acres, and its rateable value is £2,189. The 
population iu 1801, was (31; in 1811, 72; in 1821, 85; in 1831, 103: in 
1841, 115 ; and in 1851, 109 souls. The tithes are commuted for £215 
2s. 6d., of v,liich the Bishop of Carlisle receives £143 i8s. 5d., and the 
Vicar of V/arkw^orth £91 4s. Id. The Hamlet of Low Buston is situated 
one mile and three quarters north-west of V/arkworth. 

Dihectory. — Mrs. Anne Appleby, Low Buston ; the Misses Ann and 
Fanny Bourne,- Buston Barns; Edward Thew, Esq., Sliortridge House; 
and Adam Winter, farm stev,-ard, Low Buston. 

Chevington (East), a township in Vf arkw^orth parish, the property of Earl 
Grev, contains 2,225 acres, and its rateable value is £3,160. The number 
of its inhabitants in 1801, was 123 ; in 1811, 170 ; in 1821, 207 ; in 1831, 
234; in 1841, 289 ; and in 1851, 377 souls. The soil is generally a strong 
loam clay, and excellent coals are obtained at Broomhill Colliery, from which 
place there is a railway to Amble Harbour. A neat school was erected here 
about seven years ago by Earl Gre}^ in which divine service is performed on 
Sundays, by the Rev. Dixon Brown, of Acklington. 



Coulson Edward, coal agent 
Hope David, brick and tile maker 
Johnson William, banksman 
Eutter John, schoolmaster 
Scott Ealph, blacksmith 
Turnbull John, joiner, grocer, and 
vision dealer 



pro- 



Farmers 

Burn "William, Broom Hill 
Straughan John, Woodside 
Wilson James, and John W^illiam, 

Chevington 



East 



Chevington West, a township, situated five miles south by west of Wark- 
worth, comprises an area of 1,804 acres, and its rateable value, is £2,389 
12s. 7d. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 90 ; in 1811, 101 ; in 
1821, 108; in 1831,117; in 1841,67; and in 1851, 104 souls. Earl 



Grey is lord of the manor, and owner of the soil. 



W^est- Chevington, 



East 



WARKWOETH PABISH. 715 

Clievingtoii, Bullock's Hall, and Hadstone townships form acliapeiry,but the 
cbapei has been long in ruins. This district is noted for its fine wheat crops, 
and a portion of the ancient forest of Earsdon is still visible in the neigh- 
bourhood. 

DiRECTorvY. — Samuel Goodman, farmer. 

Gloster Hill is a township, one mile S.S.E. of Warkworth, the property 
of Robert Dand, Esq. Its rateable value is £290 ; and its population in 1801, 
was 21 ; in 18J1, 21; in 1821, 3J ; in 1831,28; in 1841,18; and in 
1851, 45 souls. This township consists of one farm, in the occupancy of the 
above named gentleman, and is situated on a hill south of the -river Coquet. 

Hadstone township is situated three and a half miles south of Warkworth, 
and contains 1,165 acres, the property of A. J. Baker Cresswell, Esq. The 
number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 68; in 1811, 72; in 1821, 88; in 
1831, 97 ; in 1841, 71 ; and in 1851, 103 souls. Kateable value, £1,224 13s. 
Tithes commuted in 1836 : aggregate amount, £22 lis. 3d., vicarial ; and 
£154 is. 8d., to the Bishop of Carlisle. This township is divided into four 
farms, two of which are held by Messrs. J. and J. W. Wilson, of East Chev- 
ington, the others by John Bell and John Purvis. 

Directory. — John Bell, and John Purvis, farmers. 

Hauxley is a township and hamlet, the property of the Countess of New- 
burgh, Thomas Rochester, Esq., Mr. Dand, and Captain Widdrington, of 
Newton Hall. The area of the township is 748 acres, and its rateable value 
£1,485. The population in 1801, was 92 ; in 1811, 113 ; in 1821, 114 ; in 
1831, T43; in 1841, i57; and in 1851, in consequence of the opening of a 
new colliery, it had increased to 811 souls. The Hamlet of Hauxley is 
two. and a half miles south-east of Warkw^orth, and is inhabited principally 
by fishermen. 

Directory. — Henry M. Dand, Hauxley Park ; Henry Hall, farmer ; 
Ptobert Ditchburn, vict., Plough Inn; and Matthew Lockey, shopkeeper. 

MoRRicK, OR MoRwicK, is a towusliip and hamlet, the property of Lieutenant 
General Sir John Grey, K.C.B. It contains 734 acres, and its rateable value 
is £1,368. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 59 ; in 1811, 75 ; in 
1821, 72 ; in 1831, 64; in 1841, 79 ; and in 1851, 70 souls. Tithes com- 
muted in 1839 : aggregate amount £85 3s., due to the Bishop of Carlisle, 
and £28 8s. to the vicar of Warkworth. The Hamlet of Morrick is two 
miles south-west of Warkworth, and v/as anciently the capital of the barony 
of the same name. Morrick Hall is the residence of Lieutenant General 
Sir John Grey, K.C.B. 

^ Directory. — Lieutenant General Sir John Grey, K.C.B. and J.P , Monick 
Hall ; William Guthrie, farmer, Moorhouse ; Francis S. Hewitt, farmer; and 
John Simpson and Co , millers, Morrick Mill. 

Sturton Grange is a township in this parish, but locally situated in the 
eastern division of Coquetdale Ward, two and a half miles W.N.W. of Wark- 
worth. It is the property of Matthew Fenwick Esq., Matthew Pdddell, Esq., 
.and WilHam Appleby, Esq.; comprises an area of 1,094 acres, and its 
Irrateable value is £1,602. Population in 1801, 88; iu 1811, 86; in 1821, 

2 X 



716 MORPETH WARD-~EAST DIVISION. 

72; in 1831, 88; in 1841, 108; and in 1851, 130 souls. South Side, the 
seat and property of William Fenwick, Esq., is pleasantly situated about one 
mile and a half from Wark worth Station. 

Directory — William Fenwick, Esq., South Side; Rowden Briggs, farmer, 
Coalfield; John Carter, station master, Warkworth Station ; George Davison, 
miller; Andrew Ogle, farm-steward. East Field ; and Stephen Tate, farm- 
steward, Grange, 

Tog-stone is a township and hamlet, the property of the Countess of New- 
burgh, James Dand, Esq,, and Thomas George Smith, Esq. The area of the 
township is 1,063 acres, and its rateable value is £1,587. The number of 
inhabitants in 1801, was 84; in 1811, 96 ; in 1821, 102; in 1831, 149; in 
1841, 151; and in 1851, 217 souls. Tithes commuted in 1839: aggregate 
amount, £190 Is. 9d. There is a good colliery in this township, the 
property of T. G. Smith, Esq., of Togstone Hall. It consists of three seams 
of coal, the third one being eight feet thick, and is connected with Amble 
harbour by a line of railway. 

Directory. — Thomas George Smith, Esq., Togstone Hall ; James Dand, 
Esq., yeoman; Robert Innis, joiner and builder, and yeoman; Thomas Tail, 
steward; and John and William Watson, blacksmiths. 

Walkmill, a township in this parish, but locally situated in the eastern 
division of Coquetdale Ward, is two miles W.S.W. of Warkworth. It con- 
tains 123 acres, the property of the Duke of Northumberland, and its rate- 
able value is £226 10s. 3d. Population in 1801, 6 ; in 1811, 6 ; in 1821, 
13 ; in 1831, 7 ; in 1841, 5 ; and in 1861, 8 souls. This township contains 
one farm, in the occupancy of Mr. George Coxon. 

Warkworth is a township and village in the parish of the same name, the 
property of the Duke of Northumberland. The township comprises an area 
of 3,638 acres, and its rateable value is £3,476 10s. Population in 1801, 
614; in 1811,568; in 1821, 594; in 1831, 614; in 1841, 785; and in 1851, 
834 souls. Notwithstanding the injuries which Warkworth Castle has sus- 
tained from the corroding hand of time, and the dilapidations of man, it still 
presents a better representation of the stronghold of a feudal baron of the 
fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, than any other castle on the borders. The 
greater portion of the outer walls, enclosing the castle yard, are yet standing ; 
and the walls of the keep and its adjoining towers are, for the most part, strong 
and in comparatively good repair. We possess no direct historical evidence 
as to the period when, or by whom, this castle was erected ; though, from a 
return made in 1166, it appears that the castle and manor of Warkworth were, 
at that time, held by Roger Fitz-Richard, on the tenure of one knight's service. 
King John confirmed the castle and manor to the son of the above mentioned 
possessor, on the same tenure. This son dying in J 215, was succeeded by 
his son, John Fitz-Robert, whose grandson, John, took the surname of Claver- 
ing, from an estate belonging to the family in Essex. This John de Clavering 
ceded his manors of Warkw^orth, Rothbmy, Corbridge, and their appurtenants, 
provided he died without male issue, to Edward II., in consideration of certain 
grants of land in Norfolk, Suffolk, and Northamptonshire, which, becoming the 



! 



/ 



WAEKWORTH PAEISH. 717 

property of tlie Crown, in the beginning of the reign of Edward III., he granted 
the castle and manor of Warkworth to Sir Henry Percy, Governor of Berwick, 
in heu of a yearly allowance of 500 marks, payable out of the customs of that 
town. From the date of this grant, in 133-1, to the present time — with the 
exception of periods of forfeiture, when Warkworth became the temporary 
property of the Nevilles, the Umfravilles, and the Ogles — the castle and 
manor of Warkworth have continued in the possession of the Percy family. 
" The castle of Warkworth," says Mr. Stephen Oliver, our best northern 
tourist, in his interesting " Piambles in Northumberland," &c., " stands on the 
south side of the river Coquet, and about a mile from its mouth, on a piece of 
elevated ground, steep on the west, but on the north and east, rising from the 
river-side with a more gentle acclivity. On the south side, w^here the castle- 
yard is on a level with the adjacent country, the entrance has been defended 
by a deep ditch, which was crossed by a draw-bridge. The barbican, or gate- 
way tower, on the exterior south wall, was in the olden times defended by a 
portcullis, and had been of much greater magnitude th^n it is at present, the 
upper part now being much dilapidated. It formerly contained a prison, 
and the porter's lodgings, with apartments for the constable of the castle over 
them. Passing through the archway of this tower, in the lower part of which 
the person who has charge of the castle resides, the visitor finds himself within 
the castle-yard, an enclosure about 85 yards long from north to south, by 66 
broad, and containing rather more than a square acre. To the west of the 
gateway are the remains of a tower, in which there w^ere formerly a kitchen, 
buttery, and other ofhces. This was called the lion tower, from the figure of 
a lion which still remains over the arch forming the entrance. To the north 
stands the keep, which is of a square figure with the angles truncated, having 
a projecting tower of a semi-octangular form on each of its sides, and sur- 
mounted by a lofty exploratory turret. A flight of steps leads to the principal 
entrance, which is in the southern tower. The lower apartments, of which 
there are eight, have arched stone roofs, and are dimly lighted by loop-holes. 
In the floor of one of these apartments is an opening to a gloomy vault, fifteen 
feet square, supposed to have been used as a place of solitary confinement for^ 
prisoners, and as there are no stairs by which a person can descend to tins 
black-hole, the wretched captives who were confined there must either have 
been lowered down by means of ropes, or have descended by means of a ladder. 
From those apartments one large and two smaller staircases lead to the next 
storey, the former terminating in a spacious landing place, round which stone 
seats are fixed, and which has been a sort of ante-room to the great hall. The 
great hall is 39 feet long and 24 feet wide, and had been about 20 feet high, 
extending to the roof, which no longer remains. On this floor are various 
other apartments, all of which, as they are much lower than the great hall, 
have had others of the same size above them. Hutchinson, the author of a 
' View of Northumberland,' recounts with apparent delight the beauties of the 
prospect from the top of Warkworth Castle, and few persons who have looked 
upon the same scene, will think the picture which he draws, too highly 
colom'ed : — ' From hence,' says he, ' the view is so extensive and various, that 



718 MORPETH AYAED— EAST DIVISION. 

description can convey but a veiy imperfect idea of its members or beauties ; 
to the east and north-east there is a sea prospect, with which you take in all 
the shore we have traversed, with Dustaubrough and Bambrough Castles at 
the most distant points of land ; the Farn Islands lie scattered like patches 
on the face of the waters. The port of Alemouth is a nearer object, and at a 
little distance, the mouth of the river Coquet, and Coquet Island with its 
ruined monasteiy are seen. To the north jou view a rich cultivated country 
to Alnwick; westward, the banks of the Coquet river, graced with little wood- 
lands, which here and there impend on its winding channel ; to the south, 
you view an extensive plain, inclining towards the sea, crowded with villages 
and interspersed with v/oods ; the shore indented by many little ports and 
creeks, the higher grounds are scattered over wdth many hamlets, churches, 
and other buildings, mingling with a variety highly pleasing; whilst, in the 
extreme distance, the different tints of the landscape, arising from various 
objects, require colours to convey their picture to the mind." The noble 
proprietor is now (1854) repairing the east wing, in order that it may be occa- 
sionally used as a residence by the family. 

The Heemitage of AYarkworth is a secluded retreat, romantically situated 
on the richly vrooded banks of the river, about a mile above the castle. It 
consists of three small apartments hollowed out of the freestone cliff which 
overlooks the river. Above the doorvray are the remains of some letters, now 
illegible, but w^hich are supposed, when perfect, to have expressed the words, 
" Fuerunt mihi lacrymse meas panes die ac nocte," " My tears have been my 
food day and night." The roof is chiselled in imitation of a groin formed by 
two intersecting arches, and at the east end is an altar surmounted by a niche. 
Near the altar a recumbent figure of a female is carved in the wall. In an 
inner apartment there is also an altar, with a vase for holy water cut in the 
wall. It is uncertain when this hermitage was formed, though probably 
it is not older than the reign of Edward II. Dr. Percy has celebrated it in a 
beautfal poem entitled " The Hermit of Warkworth," from which we subjoin 
the following stanzas, descriptive of its appearance :— 

"And now attended by their host, , ... 

The hermitage they viewed ; 
Deep hewn within a craggy cliff, 
And overhung with wood. 

And near a jflight of shapeless steps, 
All cut with nicest skill ; 
And piercing through a stony arch, 
Ean winding up the hill. 

There, deck'd with many a flower and herb, 

His Uttle garden stands; _ ,. 

"With fruitful trees in shady rows, '/~^^' ;"'^-' 

All planted by his hands. ' fhnlir 

Then scoop'd within the soHd rock, ■ '-^ 

The sacred vault he shows ; ■m 

The chief a chapel neatly arched, - yinoxiT 

On branching columns rose. T"'- fiff 



WAEKWOETH TAHISH. 719 

Eacli proper ornament was there 
That could a chapel grace ; 
The lattice for confession framed, 
And holy water vase. 

O'pr either door a sacred text 
Invites to godly fear, 
And in a little 'scutcheon hung 
The cross, and crown, and spear. 

Up to the altar's ample breadth 
Two easy steps ascend, 
And near a glimmering solemn light 
Two well wrought windows lend. 

Beside the altar rose a tomb 

All in the living stone, 

On which a young aucl beauteous maid 

In goodly sculpture shone. 

A kneeling angel fairly cai'ved 
Lean'd hov'ring o'er her breast; 
A weeping warrior at her feet, 
And near to these her crest." 

In the advertisement to the poem from \^hich the ahove extract is taken, Dr. 
Percy has made some ingenious surmises respecting the founder and the 
antiquity of this hermitage ; he also informs us that the memory of the first 
recluse was held in such veneration by the Percy family, that they maintained 
a priest to reside in the hermitage and celebrate mass in the chapel. This 
venerable relic of antiquity, so interesting from its age and the beautifuP 
situation which it occupies, is an object of attraction to strangers from ail 
parts of the country. 

The Village of Warkworth is pleasantly situated one mile west of the 
sea, and seven miles south-east of Almvick, on a species of peninsula formed 
by the river Coquet, which is here crossed by an ancient stone bridge. It 
consists principally of one street leading from the bridge to the castle, and 
contains many good houses. There v/as formerly a market, but it has now 
fallen into disuse. Fairs are held on April 25th, if a Thursday ; if not, on the 
previous Thursday, and on November 22nd, for horned cattle, shoes, hats, and 
pedlary. Warkworth is said to be an ancient borough by prescription, and 
an annual court-leet is held here on the first Wednesday in October, by the 
Duke of Nortbumberland, for the election of a borough-reeve, two moor- 
grieves, three constables, and other officers. The Church is a very ancient 
structure dedicated to St. Lawrence, and is said to have been erected about 
the year 736, by Ceolwulph, king of Northumbria; but the present edifice, 
which is a handsome building, with a spire about 100 feet in height, has 
evidently been erected at a later period. Within the church is the monu- 
mental figure of a knight, cross-legged, similar to the figures which are com- 
monly said to be those of knights templars. A modern inscription states it to 
be *' The efiigies of Sir Hugh de Morwick, who gave the common to this 



720 



MOEPETH WAED — EAST DIVISION. 



town of Wark worth." The living is a vicarage in the archdeaconry of Lindis 
fame and deanery of Alnwick, valued in the Liber Regis at £18 5s. 7|-d.; gross 
income £576. Tithes commuted in 1839, aggregate amount £]0'2 16s. 9d., 
due to the Bishop of Carlisle, and £77 16s. 2d. to the vicar. Patron, the 
Bishop of Carhsle. Vicar, Rev. John W. Dunn. The parish register com- 
mences in 1676. Near the church-yard are the ruins of an ancient piiorj^, 
w^hich, according to Tanner, was formerly " a cell of two Benedictine monks 
from Durham, for whose maintenance here Nicholas de Farnham, Bishop of 
Durham, who died a.d. 1257, appropriated the church of Brankeston, which 
was confirmed by Walter de Kirkham, his successor." The Wesley an 
Methodists and the United Secession have places of worship here. 

Charity. — Elizabeth Clutterbuck, in 1743, left £30, the interest of which 
was to be distributed yearly, on Christmas Day, to such poor as should dwell 
and have their settlements in the township of Warkworth. 



1 



Alder Mr. John 

Bates Mr. William 

Barker John, draper and grocer 

Bell Mrs. Dorothy 

Bilton Mary, vict. Masons' Arms 

Bowie John, surgeon 

Browell Joseph, boot and shoemaker 

Brown Thomas, builder 

Bryson John, joiner and c&binet maker 

Burn William, quan-y owner 

Cannon John, woodman 

Castle Joseph, draper and grocer 

Clutterbuck John, Esq. 

Cowens Ralph, farmer, Warkworth Barns 

Cowens Eobert, shopkeeper 

Crawford Captain W. 

Crisp James, steAvard, Warkworth Demesne 

Davison Thomas E., miller, Warkworth 

Mill 
Dawson Elizabeth, draper and grocer 
Duncan Eev. James, (Presbyterian) 
Dunn Eev. John, Yicar of Warkworth 
Egdell Eleanor, butcher 
Earrell William, tailor 
± orster Mr. George 
Grieves Miss Charlotte 
Graham John, joiner 
Graham Eobert, vict. Jolly Sailor 
Harrison John, clock and watchmaker 
Henderson Thomas, shipowner 
Henderson Henry, draper 
Hewitt George, boot and shoemaker 
Hildreth WiUiam, farmer 
Jackson Mrs. Margaret 
Lackenby George, boot and shoemaker 



Langley Wm. vict. and brewer, Black Bull 
Mclntyre Peter S. chemist and druggist, 

and stationer 
Marshall Mrs. Margery 
Maugh James, blacksmith 
Miller Henry, farmer. New Bams 
Muers Andrew, butcher and flour dealer 
Muers Mrs. Jessie Frances 
Muers W^ilham, farmer 
Needy William, stonemason 
Newton William, agent 
Nixon Miss Margaret 
Ormsby A. & Sons, plumbers and glaziers 
Potts Thomas, vict. Sim Inn 
Eeed Thomas, farmer, Warkworth Barns 
Eobinson George, brewer and maltster 
Eobinson Thomas, farmer 
Simpson John, miller and flour dealer 
Stephenson Thomas, tailor 
Thompson EHzab. shopkeeper and saddler 
Thompson James, shopkeeper 
Thompson Thomas, inland revenue officer 
Todd Wilham, vict. Queeii's Head 
Taylor John, joiner and builder 

Taylor ^joiner and cabinet maker 

Taylor Eobert, tailor 
Wake George, farmer 
Wake George, boot and shoemaker 
Watson William, blacksmith 
W^ardle Hannah, flour dealer 
Wardle Eobert, butcher 
Waters James, cabinet maker 
W^elch Wilham, vict. White Sican 
Wilson Tate, earthenware dealer 
Younger George, stonemason 



Caeriee.— To Alnwick, Eobert Elliott, on Saturday. 



WTDDETNGTON PAROCHIAL CHAPELRY. 7S1 



WIDDRINGTON PAROCHIAL CHAPELRY. 

WiDDRixGTON IS a parochial chapeliy situated between the parishes of 
Woodhorn and Warkworth, having the sea for its eastern and Ulgham chapehy 
for its western boundary. It comprises the three small villages of Widdring- 
ton, Dunridge, and Linton, whose united area is 4,530 acres, and rateable 
value £4,156 17s. The population in 1801, was 446; in 1811, 370; 
in 1821, 388; in J831, 395; in 1841, 447; and in 1851, 429 souls. It 
possesses a rich, strong, cla^^ey soil, suitable both for pasturage and tillage, and 
Lord Vernon is the proprietor of the whole chapelry, with the exception of 
the Constablewick of Linton, which is the property of Mrs. Askew. Widdring- 
ton was formerly included in the parish of Woodhorn, but, in 1768, it was 
admitted to the enjoyment of separate and distinct parochial privileges. 
This manor was formerly the property of a family which bore the local name, 
Gerard de Widdrington possessing it in the reign of Edward III. ; and we find 
Yarious members of this family stand conspicuous in the list of sheriffs of the 
county. Sir William Widdrington, a most zealous royalist, was created Lord 
Widdrington by Charles L, in 1643, and w^as subsequently slain at Wigan, 
in 1651. William, the third Lord Widdrington, having taken part with the 
Earl of Derwentwater, suffered attainder in 1715, when his real and jDersonal 
estate, amounting to £100,000, was sold for public use, the purchaser being 
Sir George Revel, from whom it descended by heiresses to Viscount Bulkeley, 
and subsequently to the present proprietors. 

The Village of Widdrington is pleasantly situated on an eminence eight 
and a half miles N. N. E. of Morpeth. The Church is an ancient structure, 
consisting at present of a nave and chancel, though it appears to have been 
much larger at one period. The living, a perpetual curacy in the arch- 
deaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery of Morpoth, is returned at £56, gross 
income £71. Patron, Lord Vernon ; incumbent, the Rev. R. Errington. 
The register commences in 1698. Here is a Presbyterian Chapel in com- 
munion with the Church of Scotland. There is also a school with a house 
and garden for the master. The old castle of Widdrington was destroyed by 
fire about eighty years ago ; and upon its site another edifice called the Castle, 
has been erected. Here is a station on the Newcastle and Berwick llail- 
wa3^ 

High and Low Chibburn are two farmsteads in this chapelry, distant 
about half a mile from each other, and three quarters of a mile north-east of 
Widdrington. DuxXRidge is a small village on the sea coast one mile east 
of Widdrington. Linton is a constablewick and hamlet, on the river Line, 
two and a half miles south of Widdrington. 

Charity. — Sir George Warren left a rent charge of £2 per annum to be 
appropriated to the repairs of the chapel. 

Post Office, Widdrington, Matthew Bell, Postmaster. Letters aiTive from Morpeth, 
at 1,30 p.m., and are despatched thereto at 2 p.m. 



7-n 



MOEPETH ^yARD— BAST DlVfSlO^\ 



Bell Matthe'iV, shopkeeper, shoemaker, and 

pari.sh clerk 
Edwards Res'. Matthew, (Presbyterian) 
Forster Isabella, blaeksmith 
Forster Margaret, vict. Vernon Arms 
Forster Robert, butcher 
Heslop John, schoolmaster 
Lawson Margaret, shopkeeper 
Muers John, keeper of the castle 
Potts Robert, shoemaker 
Sti'ong Henry, coal agent 



Urpeth Robert, joiner and shopkeeper 

Farmers 
Annett Henry Jacob 
Annett Jacob William 
Annett J ohn 

BelL Richard and Jacob, High Chibbura 
Brown Alice, West Steads 



Henderson John, Middle Ste^(fe', 



ll'iO T80S[ 



Mather William, Hemscott Hill ' '"^ -^^m-^oU 
Robson John (yeoman), Houndyiee' /^ grniifjA 
Stamp Richard, Sonth Steads -r. ..,.--; 



i 



WOODHORN PAEISH. 

WooDHORN parish is boiinded on the north bj Widdrington chapehy, on 
the west by Bothal and Ulgham, on the south bj^ Bedlingtonshire, and on 
the east by the German Ocean. It is about four and three-quarter miles in 
length, by two and a half in breadth, and comprises an area of 8,546 acres. 
The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 1,208; in 1811, 1,172 ; in 182i;^' 
1,378; in 1831, 1,416; in 1841, 1,618; and in 1851, 1,598 souls. The';:; 
soil of this district is generally fertile. The parish coiitains the chapelry of," 
Newbiggin, and the townships of Cresswell, Ellington, Hurst, Linmouth, 
North Seaton, Woodhorn, and Woodhorn Demesne. 

Cr.EsswELL is a township and village forming with the township of Elling-/ 
ton a district parish, since the year 1836. The township of Cresswell con- ' 
tains 1,078 acres, and its rateable value is £1,595 14s. Population in 1801, ' 
183; in 1811, 194; in 1821, 303; in 1831, 251; in 1841, 253; and 
in 1851, 251 souls. It has been the property of the CressweU family since 
the reign of King John. The Village of Cresswell is situated on the sea- 
shore, nine miles north-east by east of Morpeth. The Church is a hand- 
some edifice in the later English style of architecture. It was erected, in 
1836, at a cost of £2,000, principally defrayed by A. J. Baker CressweU, Esq., 
who has also endowed it with £100 per annum. The greater portion of the 
windows in this church are filled with stained glass. Rev. John E.Xeefe; 
incumbent. In connexion with the church there are two schools, a " mixed '.. 
school," situated in the township of Ellington, and a female school near the * 
church, which is supported by Mrs. Cresswell. The Parsonage, a neat build-^ '^ ' 
ing in the same style as the church, is situated at Ellington. Cressweix 
Hall is a fine structure in the Grecian style of architecture, erected in 1829, -'' 
from the designs of Mr. John Shaw, of London. It is situated on an eminence '''^^^ 
near the village and about half a mile from the sea. 



*jfUI 



CressweU A. J. Baker, Esq. Cresswell Hall 
Cook Elizabeth, land proprietor, Bleak- 
moor House 
Henderson Edwai'd, vict. Cresswell Arms 
Lawson Miss Barbara 
Leech Hannah E. schoolmistress 
Mills John, beer retailer 



T80<I 

Muckle Thomas, land steward, Farm House' ''''-' -^^ 
Robson John, gardener -rjUA 

Rutledtje Marj, shopkeeper / :v4ik 

Smith John, stonemason ffiW iloE 

Tajlor Saml. gamekeeper, Cresswell Cottage woicl 
Wilkinson John, woodkeeper, Cresswell- .^1 
Lodge ■;._. './/Old 



: "WObBHORN PARISH. 723 

Ellington' to\vnship and village, contains '2,189 acres, the property of A 
J. B. Cresswell, Esq., and its rateable value is i;2,4^9 10s. The population 
in 1801, was 230; in 1811, 214; in 1891, 255; in 1831, 270; in 1841, 
286 ; and in 1851, 268 souls. The Village of Cresswell is situated on 
the north bank of the river Line, over which there is a good stone bridge. 

Post Office, Ellington. — Isabella Oliver, postmistress. Letters arrive here, from 
Morpeth, at 11-40 a.m , and are despatched thereto at 1-20 p.m. 

Oliver J. Sz W, tailors and drapers 



Shanks John, vict. & shoemaker, Sun Inn 

Stephenson John, shopkeeper 

Stoker James, cattle dealer and farmer 

Taylor Kobert, stonemason 

Willis Joseph, farmer. West Moor 

Wood Jacob, farmer, Hagg House 

Wray Thomas, shopkeeper & shoemaker 



Adams WilHam, schoolmaster 

Allison Peter, miller and farmer 

Bell Thomas, farmer, East Moor 

Bell William, farmer, High Thorn 

Gutters Catherine, vict. Plough 

Hallowell Thomas, joiner and cartwright 

Johnson Thomas, blacksmith 

Leefe Eev. John E. incumbent, Parsonage 

Oliver Isabella, postmistress 

Hup.sT is a township and hamlet, the property of the Duke of Portland. 
The township contains 395 nacres, and its rateable value is £543 os. 4d. It 
contained in 1801, 50; in 1811, 44; in 1821, 42; in 1831, 39; in 1841, 
42; and in 1851, 43 iu habitants. The Hamlet of Hurst is situated six 
miles east by north of Morpeth. 

DiEECTOEY. — The farmers are George Crozier, The Hurst; "William Elliott, 
North Hurst ; and William Rowell, Low Hurst. 

LiNMouTH is a township and hamlet, the property of J. H. H. Atkinson, 
Esq., J. P. The area of the township is 315 acres, and its rateable value 
<^372 10s. 8d. Population in 1801, 12; in 181J, 24; in 182i, 22; in 
1831, 23 ; in 1841, 31 ; and in 1851, 38 souls. The Hamlet of Linmouth 
is situated, as its name implies, at the junction of the river Line with the sea, 
seven and a half miles E.N.E. of Morpeth. The principal resident is Joseph 
Hall, farmer. 

Newbiggin is a chapelry and village in this parish, comprising 400 acres, 
of which the rateable value is £908 10s. The population in 1801, was 398 ; 
in 1811, 396; in 1821, 434; in 1831, 519; in 1841, 666; and in 1851, 
717 souls. The Village of New^biggiu is situated on the seashore, one 
mile south-east of Woodhorn ; it has long been a favourite bathing place, and 
the principal inn possesses warm, cold, and shower baths. The Chapel of 
Ease, dedicated to St. Bartholomew, was rebuilt in 1846, by voluntary sub- 
scriptions, Vvilliam Watson, Esq., being the principal contributor. It is a 
neat structure, with a tower and spire, and occupies a good position near the 
sea cliff at the east end of the village. 

Post Office, Newbiggin — William Wilson, postmaster. Letters arrive here from 
Morpeth, at 12 noon, and are despatched thereto at 1 p.m. 

Allen Thomas, stonemason Brown Nicholas, fishmonger 

Allen William, stonemason & shopkeeper Brown Stephenson, shoemaker 

Bell William, boot and shoemaker Brown William, druggist, grocer, stalioner 

Brown James, vict. and fishmonger, Coble and lending library 

In7i Common Jolui, butcher 

Brown Jane, shopkeeper Charlton Ehzubeth, sclioolmistresi 



734 



MORPETH WARD— EAST DIVISION. 



Coopei* Matthew, fishmouger 

Cowell Jane, vict. Queen's Head 

Dodds Thomas, mail car to Morpeth 

Dant William, gentleman 

Dawson Mary, day school 

Downie George, tailor, draper, and grocer 

Downie John, tailor and draper 

Evans Mrs. Isabella 

Gibson John, shopkeeper 

Grace William, land agent 

Heslop John, draper and grocer 

Heslop Robert, butcher and farmer 

Henderson John, vict. and fishmonger, 

Victoria Inn 
Hilby Frederick, surgeon 
Hindhaugh William, miller 
Hudson & Boston, fishmongers & preservers 
Jobling Thos., vict. & fishmonger, Masons' 

Arms 
Johnson Mrs. Jane 
Lawson Joseph, house carpenter 
Lockie John, shoemaker 
Mills Isabella, shopkeeper 
Mitchinson John, schoolmaster 
■Oram John, joiner 



Potts Elizabeth, dressmaker 

Potts Geerge Foster, vict. & bath owner,' 

Old Ship Inn 
Bankin Leonard, saddler 
Pieid J. C. surgeon & M.D. Brewery House 
Eussell George, fishmonger 
Richardson Robert, stonemason 
Shanks Eleanor, vict. King's Head 
Stephenson Nicholas, brewer and raalster 
Stoker Peter, gentleman 
Stubbs Mr. Edward 
Smith Francis, gentleman 
Smith Rev. Mr. curate 
Taylor John, shopkeeper & stonemason 
Taylor Joseph, stonemason 
Taylor Thomas, stonemason 
Thompson Robert, blacksmith 
Thornton Ann, milliner and dressmaker 
Watson William, fishmonger 
Welch Jane, shopkeeper 
Walker Rev. John 
Wilkie Thomas, draper 
Wilkinson Matthew, joiner 
Yate John, schoolmaster 



Caerier to Morpeth and Newcastle, Francis Rochester. 



North Seaton, a township and village, the property of William Watson, 
Esq., contains 121 acres, and its rateable value is £1,947 10s. Population 
in 1801, 182; in 1811, 150; in 1821, 159; in 1831, 150; in 1841, 157; 
and in 1851, 146 souls. The Village of North Seaton is situated six and 
a half miles east of Morpeth. North Seaton Hall, the residence of William 
Watson, Esq., is a neat mansion, beautifully situated near the village. 



Fairnington Charles, shopkeeper 

Sadler Robert, steward 

Soulsby William, vict. & tailor, Swom Inn 

Turner John, gamekeeper 

Watson Wilham, Esq. The Hall 



Farmers 

Dunn Robinson 
Enghsh Thomas, Moorhouse 
Jewett Ann, Lane End 
Redhead Gabriel, Spital House 



WooDHoEN is a township and village, giving name to the parish in which 
it is situated. The area of the township is 2,558 acres, and its rateable 
value is £2,305 10s. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 143 ; in 
1811, 136; in 1821, 155; in 1831, 155; in 1841, 168; and in 1851, 131 souls. 
The Village of Woodhorn is situated seven and a quarter miles east by north 
of Morpeth. The Church, an ancient structure dedicated to St. Mary, was 
rebuilt in in 1843, and is a now a neat substantial edifice. The registers of 
the parish commence in 1605. The living, a vicarage with the curacy of 
Newbiggin, in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne, and deanery of Morpeth, 
is valued in the Liber Regis at £21 15s. 7^d., gross income, £535. Patron, 
the Bishop of Durham ; incumbent, the Rev. Thomas Richard Shipperdson. 



MOEPETH WAED— WEST DIVISION. 725 

Charities. — Viscountess Bulkeley, who died in 1826, gave to the arch- 
deacon of Northumberland, and the vicar of Woodhorn, £500 on trust, to 
place the same out on government security, and to apply the produce for the 
benefit of the poor of the parish of Woodhorn, in such manner as they should 
think most beneficial. The sum of £500 was invested in the purchase of 
£Ql'2 Is. Id. three per cent consols, and the dividends amounting to £19 5s. 
2d. per annum, are distributed yearly, about Christmas, among the poor 
persons of the parish, including the chapelries of Widdrington and Newbiggin. 
Dr. Triplett left £5 for binding apprentice one or more poor children, boys 
or girls, born in this parish, to such trades as the trustees of the charity 
should think fit. Nothing has been paid to the parish on account of this 
charity since 1826. George Forster, in 1797. bequeathed the sum of £1,200 
for the establishment of a free school, for the education of fifteen boys and 
ten girls, of the poor inhabitants of the parish of Woodhorn, and chapelry of 
Newbiggin, the said sum to be laid out by his executors on a freehold pro- 
perty, to be by them conveyed to the Vicar of Woodhorn and Stephen Watson, 
Esq., his heirs, &c. ; and he directed that after payment of the schoolmaster's 
salary, and providing the children with clothing, £2 2s. yearly should be paid 
to the Newcastle Infirmary. During the lives of the two executors, and for 
a short time afterwards, £25 a year was paid to a schoolmaster at Woodhorn, 
and some children were supplied with articles of clothing. About the year 
1815, the payments were discontinued, on the ground that the bequest was 
void under the statute of 9 Geo. II., c. 36. 



Brown John and Henry, farmers, Wood- 
horn Moor 

Brown WilHam, farmer 

Coxon Mary, shopkeeper 

Egdell James, farmer, East Farm 

Egdell Eobert, farmer and butcher, Glebe 
Farm 

Gibson Thomas, vict. Plough 

Hindhaugh Eichard, miller (K. and W. 
Hindhaugh), Woodhorn Mill 



Hall Joseph, farmer, Linmouth. 

Pyle Henry, blacksmith 

Robson Thomas, woodman 

Shipperdson Eev. Thomas Eichard, M.A. 

incumbent 
Shotton Thomas, joiner and eartwright 
Stubbs Henry, farmer 
Watson Bartholomew, blacksmith 
Watson Eobert, tailor 
Wilson Joseph, farmer, Moorhouse 

Woodhorn Demesne is a township in this parish, situated a short distance 
S.S.E. of the village of Woodhorn. Its area is 311 acres, and the rateable 
value £560. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 10; in 181J, 14; 
in 1821, 8 ; in 1831, 9 ; in 1841, 15 ; and in 1851, 4 souls. It is the pro- 
perty of A. J. B. Cresswell, Esq. 



MORPETH WARD.— WEST DIVISION. 



BOLAM PARISH. 

BoLAM parish comprises the townships of Trewick, in the western division 
of Castle Ward ; the townships of Bolam, Bolam Vicarage, and Galiow Hill, 
in the western division of Morpeth Ward ; and the townships of Belsay, 
Bradford, Harnham, and Shortflatt, in the north-eastern division of Tindale 



7^6 MORPETH WASD — WEST DIVISION". 

Ward. It is bounded on tlie north bv Hartburn, on the west by Kirkwhelp- 
ington, on the south by Stamfn'dham, and on the east by Meldon and Whal- 
ton parishes. The area of this parish is 7,336 acres, and the number of 
its inhabitants in 1801, was 434 ; in 181 1, 6^2; in 1821, 651; in 1831, 
608 ; in 1841, 603 ; and in 1851, 634 souls. It is very fertile, and contains 
both coal and limestone. 

Belsay is a township and village in the above parish, though locally 
situated in the north-eastern division of Tindale Ward. It contains 2,516 
acres, and its rateable value is £2,074. The population in 1801, was 189 ; 
in 1811, 327; in 1821, 327; in 1831, 334; inl841,312; and in 1851, 
330 souls. Sir Charles M. L. Monck, Bart., is the sole proprietor and lord 
of the manor. The manor of Belsay was possessed by Sir John Middleton, 
in the reign of Edward 11. This Sir John Middleton, in conjunction with 
Walter Selby, and Sir Gilbert Middleton, in 1317, resisted the royal authoritjv 
and took possession of the northern castles, except those of Xorham, Bam- 
brough, and Alnwick. During their rebellion they intercepted, between 
Rushyford and Ferryhill, about six leagues from Darlington, the tu o Cardinals 
Joscelin d'Ossat, and Luca di Fieschi, the legates of Pope JohnJSXlL, who 
had been sent to England, to endeavour to terminate the war between 
England and Scotland. The Cardinals lost all their property, but were 
allowed to go forward, while the knights and others who escorted them were 
retained in captivity, till they had paid exhorbitant ransoms. In consequence 
of this daring offence, the estates of Sir John de Middleton were confiscated, 
and, in 1319, were granted to John de Cromwell and Thomas de Bambrough ; 
but upon the demise of the former, they were transferred to Sir John de 
Strivelino-, a celebrated commander, in the rei^n of Edward III., who was 
summoned to parliament among the barons, in 1343. The manor was after- 
wards restored to the Middleton family, by the marriage of the daughter and 
heiress of Sir John de Striveling, to a descendant of the above mentioned 
John de Middleton. These were succeeded by their son, Sir John de Middle- 
ton, whose descendant, Sir William de Middleton, was created a baronet in 
1662. He died in 1690, and was succeeded by his son. Sir John, who died 
in 1721, when the family honours devolved upon his son. Sir William, who 
dying without issue in 1777, was succeeded by his brother, Sir John Lambert 
Middleton, who thus became the fourth baronet. On his demise the honours 
and estates were inherited by his son. Sir William, who for many years repre- 
sented Northumberland in parliament; he was succeeded by his eldest sur- 
viving son, Sir Charles Miles Lambert Monck, who changed his name from 
Middleton to Monck, in 1799, pursuant to the wdll of his maternal grand- 
father. He was High Sheriff of Northumberland, in 1801, and represented 
the county in parliament, in 1812 and 1818. ^ V 

The Village of Belsay is situated about ten miles W.S.W. of Morpeth~r 
The ancient castle of Belsay, some ruins of which still remain, occupies an 
elevated situation, and was enlarged and repaired by Sir Charles JMiddleton,^ 
in the early part of the 17th century. A portion of it forms a dwelling for 
the land-steward. Belsay Hall, the seat of Sir G. M. L. Monck, Bart., is~ 



; BOLAM PARISH. - 727 

a splendid edifice in the Grecian style, situated a short , distance ; .e.ast 
of the old castle. The village consists of the "Arcade," a very handsome 
row of cottages, with a piazza in front, some other houses, and a school. 

Belsay Guide Post is a hamlet in this township, half a mile east of 
Belsay. 

Hetchestee Law is also a hamlet in this township, situated three miles 
south by east of Bolam. 

Post Office, Belsay, James Dixon, postmaster. Letters arrive here, from Newcastle' 
at 11 a.m., and are despatched thereto at 7 p.m. 

Sinclair James, shopkeeper 

Snowball Cutbbert, saddler & ironmonger 

Thompson Joseph, schoolmaster 



Anderson Kobert, shoemaker 

Brodie Kobert, shopkeeper 

Creighton Hugh, painter 

Dixon James, tailor 

Gilhespy James, blacksmith 

Hall VuUiam, toilor 

Harrison Thomas, innkeeper 

Jobling John, agent, Belsay Castle 

Mc Yennie Robert, road surveyor 

Monck Sir Charles Miles Lambert, Bart. 

Belsay Hall 
Eutlierford Robert, lime-burner 



Watson Michael, joiner 

Farmers 
Charlton Edward, Belsay Barns 
Hall Henry, West Belsay 
Harrison Thomas, Dean House 
Muse John, Belsay Bank Foot 
Eobson William, Bed House 
Short Thomas, Hetchester Law 



Bolam, a township and Tillage in the parish of the same name, contains 
1,119 acres, the property of Lord Decies. Its population in 1801, w^as 35 ; 
in 1811, 46; in 182J, 55; in 1831, 67; in '1841, 66; and in 1851, 80 
souls. The manor of Bolam was granted to Gilbert de Bolam by King John, 
but we find it held, in the reign of John's successor, by a son of Walter de 
Bolam, and John and James Calcey, and subsequently a mediety of it was 
possessed by the Raymes family. It was afterwards transferred to the Hors- 
leys, and from them it passed by marriage to the Beresfords, in which family 
it stili remains. 

The Village of Bolam is situated on a gentle declivity about nine miles 
w^est by south of Morpeth. The Paeish Church, dedicated to St. Andrew^ 
is an ancient Gothic structure, the register of which commences in 1661. 
It consists of a chancel, nave, south aisle and tower, and contains the figure 
of a knight-templar supposed to be the efiigy of Sir Walter de Bolam, as also 
a monument to the memory of Charles Micldleton, Esq., of Belsay, who died 
in 1628. ' The living, a vicarage in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and 
deanery of Morpeth, is valued in the Liber Regis at £6 13s. 4d; gross income 
£240. The patronage is vested in the Crown. Rev. Septimus Meggison, 
B. A., vicar. Near the village are vestiges of an entrenchment, the origin of 
which is very doubtful ; and on Bolam Moor is a tumulus of earth, between 
two large upright stones. Bolam Hall is a neat mansion beautifully situated, 
and adjoining it there is a fine lake. It is occasionally the residence of Lord 
Decies. 

Dieectoby. — Lord Decies, Bolam Hall ; Matthew Hall, farmer, Bolam 
White House ; Robert Hall, farmer. Low House; John Harle, blacksmith, 
West House ; William Hunter, joiner and cartwright, West House ; William 
Rotchester, farmer, West House. 



728 MORPETH WARD— WEST DIVISION. 

BoLAM Vicarage is a township containing 130 acres. The number of 
its inhabitants in 1801, was 30; in 1811, 16; in 1821, 14; in 1831, 17; 
in 1841, 17 ; and in 1851, 14 souls. It consists entirely of the glebe land, 
which extends from the east side of the church. 

Directors. — Rev. Septimus Meggison, B.A., vicar, Vicarage; Robert 
Davidson, mason and parish clerk ; and Robert Wallace, farmer. 

Bradford is a township and hamlet in the north-eastern division of Tin- 
dale Ward, and parish of Bolam, containing ] ,033 acres, the property of Sh- C. 
M. L. Monck, who is also lord of the manor. The rateable value is £523,. 
and the number of inhabitants in 1801, was 53; in 3 811, 48; in 18'31, 
48; in 1831, 32; in 1841, 38; and in 1851, 29 souls. The Hamlet of 
Bradford is situated on the south side of the Blyth-water rivulet, two and a 
half miles south-west of Bolam. 

Directory. — The farmers are Joseph Charlton, John McKay, andWilliam 
Robson. 

Gallow Hill is a township and hamlet in the above parish, but locally 
situated in the west division of Castle Ward. It derives its name from having 
been in ancient times the place of execution for the Bolam bai'ony. The : 
township contains 603 acres, the property of Lord Decies, who is also. the i 
lord of the manor. Its population in 1801, was 43 ; in 1811, 61 ; in 1821^ 
74; in 1831, 33; in 1841, 41; and in 1851, 46 souls. Tithes conimuted: ■ 
in 1839 ; aggregate amount £9 16s. 6d. to the vicar of Bolam, and £62 Is.i- 
4d. to the impropriators. The Hamlet of Gallowhill is situated about eight-, 
and a half miles west by south of Morpeth. 
■ Directory. — William Brewis, Henry Pye, and John Shanks, farmers. 

Harnham is a township and small village in Bolam parish, and the north- 
eastern division of Tindale Ward. It contains 679 acres, and Thomas and 
Joseph Edward Leighton are the principal proprietors. The number of inhabi- 
tants in 1801, was 46; in 1811, 56; in 1821, 61; in 1831,73; in 1841, 75; 
and in 185 1 , 77 souls. The tithes were commuted in 1839 ; aggregate amount 
£18 lis. 2d. impropriate, and £10 3s. 5d. vicarial. The Village of Harn- 
ham is situated one mile and a half south-west of Bolam, and ten miles 
W.S.W. of Morpeth, on the summit of a stupendous crag, which w^as in 
ancient times crowned by a small fort. Bernard de Bebington held this 
estate in capite in the year 1272, and we find it held by his descendant, Colonel 
Philip de Babington. in the reign of Charles iL, when Catherine his wife, 
having died while under sentence of excommunication for contempt of ecclesi- 
astical censure, was refused Christian burial, and was interred in a vault cut 
out of the solid rock, where, in 1760, most of the lead coffin and some of the 
bones were remaining. Speaking of Harnham, Wallis observes " It stands on 
an eminence, and has been a place of great strength and security, a range of 
perpendicular rocks of rag-stone on one side, and a morass on the other, the 
entrance is by a narrow declivity to the north, which, in the memory of some; 
persons now living, had an iron gate. The manor house is on the south^I 
west corner of the precipice." -^flj 



HARTBUBN PARISH. 729 

Sandyfoed is a hamlet iu this township, situate one mile and a half north 
of Harnham. 

Directory. — John Hunter, blacksmith; Joseph E. Lei^liton, yeoman; 
Thomas Lejghton, 3-eoman; Joseph Stott, cartwright; Mr. Mark Wanless; 
and James Young, shoemaker. 

SnoRTFLATTis a township and hamlet in the above parish, but locally situated 
in the north-eastern division of Tindale Ward. It contains 511 acres, the 
propertv of F. D. Dent, Esq., and its population in 1801, was 20 ; in 1811, 
32 ; in 1821, 22; in 1831, 22; in 1841, 33 ; and in 1851, 30 souls. Tithes 
commuted in 1839 ; aggregate amount £10 19s. 6d. due to the vicar of 
Bolam, and £11 5s. 6d. to the impropriators. Shortflatt was for a long period 
the property of the Raymes famil3% from whom it passed to the Fenwicks, 
and subsequently to the present proprietor. The Hamlet of Shortflatt is 
situated about nine and three-quarter miles W.S.W. of Morpeth. The prin- 
cipal resident is Matthew Hall, farmer. 

Trewick is a township and hamlet in the western division of Castle Ward, 
and parish of Bolam, the property of Sir C. L. M. Monck, Bart. It contains 
V45 acres, and the number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 18 ; in 1811, 46 ; 
in 1821, 50; in 1831, 30: in 1841, 21; and in 1861, 22 souls. Tithes 
commuted in 1839 ; aggregate amount £61 18s. lid. due to the impropriators, 
and £9 9s. 6d. to the vicar of Bolam. The Hamlet of Trewick is situated 
on the north side of the river Blyth, eight miles south-west by west of 
Morpeth. 

hartburn parish. 

Haetburn, a parish partly in the west division of Moi'peth Ward, and 
partly in the east division of Tindale Ward, is a very large district com- 
prising twenty-four townships, whose united area is 25,778 acres, and has 
for its boundaries the parishes of Bolam, Kirkwhelpington, Meldon, Mitford, 
Nether Witton, and Rothbury. Population in 1801, 1,340 ; in 1811, 1,430; 
in 1821, 1,474; in 1831, 1,440; in 1841, 1,322; and in 1851, 1,506 souls. 
The greater portion of this extensive district is fertile, luxiu'-iant, and pictu- 
resque, abounding with excellent limestone, while the townships of Harwood and 
Green Leighton consist principally of bleak moor lands. Coal and lead are 
found in this parish. 

Angerton (High) is a township and hamlet, the property of J H. H. At- 
kinson, Esq. The area of the township is 1,232 acres, and the rateable value 
£1,342. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 111; in 1811, 89; 
in 1821, 87; in 1831, 64; in 1841, 75; and in 1851, 125 souls. Here is 
a good colliery. The Hamlet of High Angerton is about seven miles west 
of Morpeth. Angerton Hall, the residence of J. H. H. Atkinson, Esq , is 
a handsome edifice in the Elizabethan style, erected from designs by Mr. 
Dobson of Newcastle, and is situated on a gentle eminence a little north of 
the river Wansbeck. 



I 



730 MORPETH WARD --WEST DIVISION. 



AtkiDson J H. H. Esq. Acgerton Hall 
Dickinson James, brick and tile maker 
Gibson Thomas, vict. and joiner, Bee Hive 
Hall Alexander, gardener 
EoRerson William, blacksmith 



Farmers 

Anderson Eichard and George, Broom 

House 
Bewick Robert, Glebe Farm 
Craw^'d Ptalph, Marlish 
Eamsey Matthew, Angerton Moor 

Angerton (Low) is a township and hamlet, the property of J. H. H. At- 
kinson, Esq. The township contains 1,040 acres, and the rateable value is 
£1,201. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 88; in 1811, 112; in 
1821, 75 ; in 1831, 55 ; in 1841, 64 ; and in 1851, 52 souls. The Ham- 
let of Low Angerton is seven and a half miles west hj south of Morpeth. 

Directory. — Richard Brewis, farmer, Low Angerton ; William Brewis, 
farmer, Old Mill ; Mr. Thomas Hall, Angerton House ; Matthew F. Lamb, 
Steads Farm ; and AYilliam Lumsdou, Bast Farm. 

Cambo is a township and village in this parish, but locally situated in the 
north-eastern division of Tindale Ward. The township contains an area of 
630 acres, and its rateable value is £483. Population in 1801, 87; in 1811, 
111; in 1821, 101 ; in 1831, 108; in 1841, 99; and in 1851, 106 souls. 
Sir W. C. Trevelyan, Esq., is lord of the manor and sole proprietor. The 
Village of Cambo occupies a pleasant situation about eleven and a quarter 
miles west by north of Morpeth, and from, its name many suppose it to have 
been originally a camp or fort. Here is a Chapel of Ease, dedicated to the 
Holy Trinity. It is a handsome stone structure in the Gothic style, erected 
by subscription in 1841, at a cost of £1,250 3s. 4d. The site, of the chapel 
is on a beautiful elevation called the Foot Hill, just to the north-east side 
of Cambo, and overlooking the country as far as Simonside on the north, the 
German Ocean on the east, and a great extent into the county of Durham on 
the south. Till the beginning of the seventeenth century divine service was 
constantly peiformed in an ancient chapel in the same field as the new edifice 
The living, a perpetual curacy valued at about £70 per annum, is in the gift 
of the vicar of Hartburu, and incumbency of the Rev. John Wilkinson, B.A. 
There is a good school here, which was rebuilt, in 1831, by Sir W. C. Tre- 
velj'an, Bart., who guarantees a certain fixed salary to the teacher. There 
is a library containing about ] ,400 volumes attached to the school. 

Post Office, Cambo. — John Brown, postmaster. Letters arrive here, from New- 
castle, at 1-30 p.m., and are despatched at 5-30 p.m. 



Arthur Mrs. Tryphena 
Aynsley Mark, steward 
Cameo School, John Brown and Alice 

Arkle, teachers 
Coulson Abigail & Elizabeth, dressmakers 
Dagg Matthew, builder 
Gibson John, saddler 
Gowjliomas, land agent 
Haudyside John, tailor and shopkeeper 



Hepple George and Joseph, joiners 
Howison James, surgeon 
Lambert Matthew, joiner 
Sadler Henry, blacksmith 
Snowden Ralph, shoemaker 
Wilkinson Rev. John, B.A. 

Fanners 
Hepple Robert 
Rutherford Robert 



CoERiDGE, a township in the above parish, is situated about nine miles 
west by south of Morpeth. It contains 329 acres, the property of John 



HAETBUEN PARISH. 731 

Eol)Son, Esq., and E. Kielder, Esq., and its rateable value is £400. The popula- 
tion in 1801, was 23 , in 1811, 31 ; in 1821, '27; in 1831, 23 ; in 1841, 21; 
and in 1851, 25 souls. This township contains one farm, which is occupied 
loj Mr. John Wardle, farmer. 

Deaxham is a township and hamlet in this parish, and north-eastern division 
of Tindale Ward, the property of Lord Decies, who is also lord of the manor. 
The area of the township is 740 acres, and the number of its inhabitants in 
1801, was 36; in 1811, 68; m 1821, 53 ; in 1831,46; in 1841, 43 ; and 
in 1851, 30 souls. Its rateable value is £811. The Hamlet of Deanham is 
situated ten and a half miles west by south of Morpeth. 

Directory. — James Cuthbert, joiner ; and the farmers are Forster Charl- 
ton, Xew Deanham; John and ¥/illiam Eenwick; and William Gallon and 
Sons. 

EairnleyIs another township in the north-eastern division of Tindale Ward, 
belonging to Hartburn parish. It is situated about six miles E. S. E. of 
Elsdon, and the same distance north-west of Hartburn. The rateable value 
is £145 43. Od., and it comprises 203 acres, the property of Sir W. Trevel- 
yan, who also possesses the manorial rights. Its population in 1801, was 15 ; 
in 1811, 8; in 1821, 16; in 1831, 15; in 1841, 12; and in 1851, 20 
souls. Thomas Hah and Sons, farmers, are the principal residents. 

Green Leighton is also a township in this parish and north-eastern 
division of Tiudale Ward. It comprises 1,572 acres, and it contained in 1801, 
39; in 1811, 41; in 1821, 37; in 1831, 20; in 1841, 13; and in 1851, 
25 inhabitants. The principal proprietor is Sir W. C. Trevelyan who is also 
lord of the manor ; and the rateable value is £546. The principal inhabitants 
are John Thompson, lime burner; and Kobert Thornton, farmer. 

Hartburn, a township and small village in the parish of the same name, 
is the property of Greenwich Hospital. The township contains 86 acres, and 
its rateable value is £104. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 25 ; in 
1811, 16; in 1821, 23; in 1831, 17; in 1841, 30 ; and in 1851, 40 souls. 

The Village of Hartburn is situated seven and a half miles west by north 
of Morpeth, on the west side of the beautiful glen and rivulet from which it 
derives its name. This burn, w4iich is here crossed by a good stone bridge, 
rises at Otter-caps, eight miles V\^. N. ¥/. of Hartburn, and falls into the Wans- 
beck, about one mile and a half E. S. E. of this village. The Parish Church 
is an ancient structure, consisting of a large square tower, and a chancel, nave, 
and aisles. Its register commences in the year 1678. The living is a 
vicarage with the curacy of Nether Witton attached, in the archdeaconry of 
Lindisfarne and deanery of Morpeth, valued in the Liber Eegis, at 
£20 Os. lOd. ; gross income £520. Patron, the Bishop of Durham ; incum- 
bent, the Rev. Richard Croft, M.A. There is a school here, the master of 
which receives the interest of £90 for teaching four poor children. Of the above 
£86 Mr. John Arthur bequeathed £50 in 1802, and the remaining £36 were 
left by Mr. John Green, in 1824. 

- ^- r'-; . ■• , - ■ ■ 2 Y 



-73i^ MOEPEyn ward — -west division. 

DfRECTORY. — Eev. Piicliard Croft, M.A., vicar; Hemy Barrister, school- 
master ; and Robert Sisterson, road surveyor, RotWej Saw Mills. 

Hartburn Geanoe, a township in the above parish, is situated* about two 
miles west of Hartburn. It contains 1,157 acres, the property of Greenwich 
Hospital, and the rateable value is ^864 16s. Its population in 1801, 
was 54; in 1811, 68; in 1821, 68; in 1831, 66; in 1841, 50; and in 
1851, 59 souls. This township comprises^three farms ; and the farmers are 
Joseph Patterson, Greenside ; Samuel Brewis, and Hannah Brewis, Hart- 
burn Moor. 

Hartington is a township and hamlet in Hartburn parish, but locally 
•situated in the north-east division of Tindale Ward. It contains 1,935 acres, 
and its rateable value is £714. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 
57 ; in 1811, 54 : in 1821, 55 ; in 1831, 66 ; in 1841, 72 ; and in 1851, 68 
souls. Principal landowner, Sir W. C. Trevetyan, Bart. There is a tile 
works carried on in this township. The Hamlet of Hartington is situated 
about seven miles E.S.E. of Elsdon. 

Directory. — Robert Oliver, blacksmith; and the farmers are Robert Dunn, 
Thomas Murray, and Francis and William Potts. 

HARTiNaTON Hall, an adjacent township to the above, is included in the 
same parish, and same division of Tindale Ward. It comprises 1,005 acres, 
the property of Sir W. C. Trevelyan, Bart., audits rateable, value is £567. The 
number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 36 ; in 1811, 37; in 182 Ij 45 ; in 
1831, 44 ; in 1841, 36 ; and in 1851, 51 souls. Robert Forster, Hartington 
Hall, is the principal resident, 

Harwood, a township in the north eastern division of Tindale Ward, and 
parish of Hartburn, contains 3,795 acres, the property of Sir W. C. Trevelyan, 
Bart., and consists principally of uncultivated moorland. The number of its 
inhabitants in 1801, was 34 ; in 1811, 36 ; in 1821, 39 ; in 1831, 47 ; in 
1841, 42 ; and in 1851, 48 souls. The rateable value is £605. The remains 
of a Roman camp are still visible in this township, near the residence 
pf Mr. John Thornton. The principal residents are John Aynsley ; and 
John Thornton, Harwood. 

HiGHLAws township is situated eight and a half miles west by south of 
Morpeth, and contains 295 acres, the property of John Robson, Esq. Its 
population in 1801, was 16; in 1811, 26 ; in 1821, 27; in 1831, 18; in 
1841,16; and in 1851, 7 souls. The rateable value is £243. This town- 
ship consists of one farm, which is occupied by Mr. Edward Lamb, farmer. 

LoNGWHiTTON is R township and village, the property of Sir Walter 
Trevelyan, Bart. The township contains 2,247 acres, and its rateable value 
is £1,422. The population in 1801, was 124 ; in 1811, 143 ; in 1821, 149 ; 
in 1831, 143 ; in 1841, 135; and in 1851, 149 souls. There is a colliery 
in this township w^orked by Messrs. Blackett and Davison. In the Hart- 
burn Dean, in this township, three medicinal springs issue from a high ridge 
of whinstone rock, and are said to be of much utility in cases of scurvy, 
agues, and diseases of the eye. The Village of Longwhitton is situated 



HAETBUEN PAEISH. 



733 



ten miles W.N.W. of Morpetli ; and at its eastern end is Longwhitton 
Hall, the seat of Edward Spencer Trevelyan, Esq. 



Blackett Jolin, tailor & draper, shopkeeperj 

and colliery owner 
Greason Wiliiam, joiner and cartwriglit 
Eichardson William, blacksmith 
Trevelyan Edvvd, Spencer Esq. The Bfall^ 



Farmers 

Bell Thomas 

Bewick George, South Whitton 

Dixon George, Dean 

Liddell Joseph, Whitton Stone 

Patterson John, Hill End 



Mtddleton (Noeth) is a township and village containing, with Todrige 
tow^nship, an area of 1,128 acres. It is the property of Robert Coull, Esq,, 
and Miss Bell, and its rateable value is £1,413 10s. The number of its 
inhabitants in 1801, was 88; in 1811, 63 ; in 1891, 75 ; in 1831, 108 ; in 
1841, 92 ; and in 1851, 104 souls. The Village of North Middleton is 
nine miles west of Morpeth, and possesses a small Chapel, belonging to the 
United Secession Church of Scotland, erected, in 1815, on a site given by- 
William Coull, Esq. Rev. James Robertson is the present minister. North 
MinnLETON Hall, the seat of Robert Coull, Esq., is delightfully situated 
on the north side of the Wansbeck. 



Coull Eobert, Esq. The Hall 
Davidson William, farmer and miller 
Dixon Thomas, vjct. Three Ho'rse Shoes 
Hall Eobert, land steward 



Lamb James, shopkeeper 
Robertson Eev. James (Presbyterian) 
Eobertson Andrev/ farmer 



Gasriee. — John Turner, to Morpeth on Wednesdays, and Newcastle on Saturdays. 

Middleton (South) is a township on the south side of the river Wansbeck, 
eighteen miles north-west by west of Newcastle. It contains 609 acres, the 
property of J. H. H. Atkinson, Esq., and its rateable value is £490. The 
population in 1801, was 17; in 1811,' 27 ; in 1821, 31 ; in 1831, 33 ; in 
1841, 19 ; and in 1851, 23 souls. 

Directory. — Lancelot Robson, farmer, East Farm; and William 
Robson, farmer, West Farm. 

Rothley, a township and village in Hartburn parish, contains 2,720 acres, 
and its rateable value is dBl,l48. Its population in 1801, was 160 ; in 1811, 
144 ; in 1821, 150 ; in J 831, 138 ; in 1841, 143 ; and in 1851, 141 souls. 
The sole landowner is Sir Walter Trevel.yan, Bart., lord of the manor. The 
Village of Rothley is situated ten miles west by north of Morpeth. A 
little to the north of the village, on the summit of a lofty crag, is situated 
Rothley Castle, an ornamental building, erected by Sir W. C. Blackett. It 
stands in a spacious park ; and when viewed from a distance, has every 
appearance of an old baronial mansion. During the border '^' raids," 
Rothley served as a depot for the reception of cattle. 

Farmerg 



Brody Matthew, tailor 
Lambton Margaret, shopkeeper 
Lambton Mary, shopkeeper 
Thornton James, shoemaker 



Hindmarsh Thomas 
Lamb Joseph, and miller, Eothley Mill 
Mather John, Eothley Shields 
Thornton Eichard, Duncan Eidge 



734 



MOEPETH WARD— WEST DIVISION. 



Shaftoe (East) is a township iu this parish, but locally situated in the 
north-eastern division of Tindale Ward, seventeen miles north-west from 
Newcastle. It contains 602 acres, the property of Lord Decies, who is also 
lord of the manor. The number of its hihabitants in 1801, was 36 ; in 1811, 
28; in 1831, 35; in 1831, 41; in 1841, 38; and in 1851, 30 souls. 
Shaftoe was in ancient times the property of a family which assumed the 
local name. Behind the Old Hall is a lofty and fertile eminence called 
Shaftoe Crag; and near to this is a large natural cave, capable of seating 
forty persons, 

DiEECTORY. — The farmers are Samuel Brewis, John Gledston, and James 
and Thomas Lumsdon. 

Shaftoe (YfEST) is an adjacent township to the above, and is also the 
property of tbe same proprietor. It contains 489 acres, and its ponulation in 
1801, was 40; in 1811, 40; in 1821, 54; in 1831, 68 ; in 1841, 31 ; and in 
1851, 36 souls. This township was formerly the property of the Aynsley 
family. 

DiRECTOiiY. — John Lumsdon, farmer. West Shaftoe ; and Joseph Vardy, 
surgeon, Shaftoe Moor. 

Thornton (East) is a township situated six miles west by north of Morpeth. 
Its area is 1,026 acres, and its rateable value £699. The number of its 
inhabitants in 1801, was 58; in 1811, 40 ; in 1821, 61 ; in 1831, 59; in 
1841, 51; and in 1851, 76 souls. This township includes the village of 
Meldon-Park-Corner, and is the property of John Cookson, Esq., of 
Meldon Hall. 



HindEoarsli James, tailor, draper, and 

shopkeeper 
LawtouAnn, shopkeeper 
Mitchell George, vict. Fox and Hounds 



Eear "William, blacksmith 
Farmers 
Howey WiUiam, Needless Hall 
Swan WilUam, Needless Hall Moor 



Thornton West is a township and hamlet containing 1,047 acres, the 
property of Messrs. Trevelyan and Witham, and its rateable value is £983. 
The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 21 ; in 1811, 36 ; in 1821, 43 ; in 
1831, 53; in 1841, 58; and iu 1851, 75 souls. The Hamlet of West 
Thornton is situated on an eminence, which is supposed to have been the 
site of a Roman castellum, seven miles west by north of Morpeth. It is said 
that in 1717, there were vestiges of a considerable town hete, intersected by 
a military road ; but they have all disappeared. 

Directory. — Messrs. John and Frederick Swan, faiTners and graziers, 
Thornton House. 

Todrtdge township is situated three miles W.S.W. of Hartburn. Its area 
is returned with that of North Middleton, and the rateable value is £65. Its 
population in 1801, was 4 ; m 1811, 10 ; in 1821, 8 ; in 1831, 4 ; in 1841, 
6; in 1851, 5 souls. Sole proprietor, Robert Coull, Esq.; and Thomas 
Shanks, farmer, is the principal resident. 

Wallington is a township and hamlet, in the north-eastern division of 
Tindale Ward and parish of Hartburn. It comprises 1,781 acres, and con- 



HARTBUEN PARISH. 



Y35 



tainediulSOl, 161; in 1811, 192; in 1821, 205; in 1831, 193; in 1841, 
167; and in 1851, 204 inhabitants. Tlie rateable value is £1,069 The 
manor of Wallington was held under the Bolbeck barony, from 1326 to 1365, 
by John Grey, better known by the name of John de Wallington, upon whose 
death the estates and honours of the family devolved upon his daughter, at whose 
demise Wallington became the property of Sir John Fenwick, of Fenwick Tower, 
who had married her youngest daughter, and co-heiress. It remained in the 
Fenwick family for many ages, but w-as purchased, about the beginning of the 
18th century, by Sir William Blackett, Bart., upon whose death the wdiole 
of his large possessions became the property of Elizabeth Ord, his natural 
daughter, upon her marriage with Walter Calverley, his nephew, who, in con- 
formity with his uncle's will, assumed the name and arms of Blackett. He 
represented Newcastle in parliament for the space of forty years ; and in 1734 
erected the edifice on the south side of St. Nicholas's Church in that town, 
for the reception of the library, which had been bequeathed to the inhabitants 
of New^castle by Dr. Tomlinson. He v/as remarkable for his many acts of 
benevolence ; and Blackett's Hospital in Newcastle, will long cause his name 
to be remembered. He died without issue in 1777, when Wallington estate 
was inherited by his sister Julia, who married Sir George Trevelyan, Bart., of 
Nettlecomb, near Taunton, Somersetshire, and after her death it became the 
property of Sir John Trevelyan, Bart., who died in 1828, and was succeeded 
by his son, Sir John Trevelyan, Bart. It is now the property of Sir Walter 
Calverley Trevelyan, Bart. The Hamlet of Wallington is situated eleven 
and a quarter miles west of Morpeth. Wallington Hall, the seat and 
property of the lord of the manor, is an elegant and extensive stone 
structure, occupying a beautiful situation on a gentle eminence, sur- 
rounded by thick groves of luxuriant forest trees. The Wansbeck runs 
eastwards through the lawn, and is crossed by a fine -stone bridge, with 
thi'ee arches and open battlements. The gardens are tastefully laid out, 
and every surrounding object is so happily arranged as to form a scene 
beautifully romantic. 



Anderson Robert, tailor, Close Houses 
Arkle James, tea dealer, Scotch Gap 
Codling Henry, joiner, Dove Cot 
Hedle}' Anthony, gardener, Wallington 

Portico 
Simpson Mr. George, Newbiggan 
Trevelyan Sir Walter Calverley, Bart. Wal- 
lington Hall 



YouDg Matthew, boot & shoemaker, Close 
Houses 

Parin6rs 
Aynsley William, Newhouses 
Brown Thomas, Elfhills 
Davison Joseph, Newbiggan 
Eichardson George, Brown House 
Snowball John and James, Price Hall 
Wanlace George 



Whitribge township is situated three miles north-west of Hartbiun, and 
is the property of Sir Walter Trevelj'-an, Bart. The rateable value is £96, 
and its population in 1801, was 10 ; in 1811, 10 ; in 18^1, 10; in 1831, 11; 
in 1841, 9; and in 1851, 7 souls. The principal residents is Robert Snow- 
den, farmer. 



MORPETH WARD — WEST DmSIOX. 



HEBROX PAROCHIAL CHAPELRY. 



Hebron is a parochial cliapeliy, comprising the townships of Causey 
Park, Cockle Park, Earsdon, Earsdon Forest, Fenrother, Hebron and 
Shield Hill, and Tritlington. It is bounded by the chapelries and parishes 
of Felton, Warkworth, Widdrington, Ulgham, Bothal, Mitford, and Long- 
horsley, and comprises an area of 7,696 statute acres. Its population in 
1801, was 539 ; in 1811, 525 ; in 1821, 561 ; in 1831, 564 ; in 1841, 633 ; 
and in 1851, 618 souls. Hebron possesses a rich clayey soil, well adapted 
for pasturage or tillage. 

Causey Park is a township, situated six and a half miles north by west of 
Morpeth. It contains 1,117 acres, the property of John Hogg, Esq., of 
Hazon, and the rateable value is £795. The number of its inhabitants in 
1801, was 107; in 1811, 92 : in 1821, 88; in 1831,98; in 1841, 116; 
and in 1851, 93 souls. This was formerly one of the manors of the barony 
of Bothal, of which it was held by a junior branch of the Ogle family, but the 
township having been in chancery for many years, it was sold in 1854, by an 
order of that court, and was purchased by John Hogg, Esq., above-mentioned, 
for the sum of £21,700. Causet Park School. — Henry Ogle by his wiU, 
bearing date 16th December, 1760, devised property and a rent charge of £15 
per annum, for the education of the children of Causey Park township. 



Anderson Joseph, shopkeeper 
Appleby Thomas, yeoman, Earsdon Hill 
Appleby William, farmer, Hagg House 
Bean William, farmer, New Houses 
Cook Edward, gardener 
Harbottle Thomas, blacksmith 



Huntley John, farmer, Longdyke 

Kelly Thomas, shoj)keeper 

Kenry George, cartTsiight 

Lee George, vict. & stonemason, 0<jr/« Arms 

Morrison Matthew, tailor 

Sadler Mrs. Sarah, farmer, Side Farm 



Cockle Park is a township and hamlet, the property of the Duke of Port- 
land ; the area of the township is 1,335 acres, and its rateable value 
£600 3s. 3d. Population in 1801, 52 ; in 1811, 88 ; in J821, 57 ; in 1831, 
78; in 1841, 53 ; and in 1851, 95 souls. The Hamlet of Cockle Park is 
situated about three miles north of Morpeth. Cockle Park Tower, anciently 
a seat of the Bertrams, is now a handsome farm-house, occupying an ele- 
vated position, and was formerly a stronghold, not only for the family, btit 
also for the tenantry, who, in times of danger, fled to it with their cattle. The 
piincipal residents are William Dickinson, land-stewai'd. The Tower; and 
Miles Hewitt, fariner, Hebron Hill. 

Earsdon is a township and hamlet in this chapeliy, comprising 913 acres, 
the rateable value of which is £762. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, 
was 93; in 1811, 60; in 1821, 94 ; in 1831, 100; in 1841, 86; and in 
1851, 68 souls. The Duke of Portland is the principal proprietor. The 
Haiilet of Earsdon is situated five and a quarter miles north of JMorpeth. 
Earsdon Moor is also a hamlet in this township, five miles north of 
Morpeth. 

Directory. — Thomas Davison, miller ; William Davisou, yeoman ; John 



HEBRON PAROCHIAL CHAPELBY. 737 

Embleton, farmer ; John Gustarcl, blacksmith ; William Nixon, farmer ; and 
John Young, yeoman. 

Earsdon Forest is a township, situated about six miles north of 
Morpeth, the property of the Duke of Portland. It comprises an area of 
744 acres, and its rateable value is £377. It contained in 1801, 4O7 in 
1811,30; in 1821,34; in 1831, 32; in 1841, 31 ; and in 1851, 26 in- 
habitants. 

Directory. — Oswald and Michael Brewis, farmers, Peighill ; G-eorge 
Moore farmer. West Farm; and William Waddle, farmer, East Farm. 

FenrotherIs a township and village, the property of the Duke of Portland. 
The township contains 1,415 acres, and its rateable value is £668. The 
number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 79 ; in 1811, 74 ; in 1821, 99 ; in 
1831, 90; in 1841,92; and in 1851, 96 souls. The Village of Feli- 
rother is situated about four and a half miles north by west of Morpeth. 
GoRFiN Latch is a hamlet in this township, four miles N.N.W. of Morpeth, 
on the road to Longhorsley. A farm in this township, called Heron's Close, 
is the property of Mrs. Grace Vfoodman, of North Shields. 

Directory. — The farmers are Michael Barker ; Catherine Margaret Em- 
bleton ; William Embleton ; Henry Gallon ; and John Gallon. 

Hebron is a township and village, in the chapelry of the same name, the 
property of the Duke of Portland. The area of the township is 972 acres, 
and its rateable value is £862 9s. The population in 1801, was 79 ; in 
1811, 98; in 1821, 93 ; in 1831, 84 ; in 184J, 124; and in 1851, 117 souls. 
The Village of Hebron is situated three miles N. N. AV. of Morpeth. 
The Chapel, a neat stone edifice, consists of a square tower, nave, and 
chancel. The register of the chapelry commences in 1680. The living is a 
curacy in the patronage of the rector of Bothal, and incumbency of the Rev. 
S. B. Maughan. Henry Ogle, Esq., in 1760, bequeathed £140 to the 
minister and churchwardens, in trust, for the poor of tbis chapelry. He also 
founded a school at Causey Park Bridge, and endowed it with a house and 
garden, a small field, and £1 5 per annum, for the education of the poor. 
Near the village is a lofty hill called Hebron Shaw, commanding an exten- 
sive and varied prospect. Shield Hill is a hamlet in this township. 

Directory. — James Bell, shopkeeper ; Reginald Brown, blacksmith ; 
Joseph Harbottle, shopkeeper and joiner; Joseph D. Wilkinson, Lower 
Shield Hill ; and the farmers are Robert Brown ; James Crozier, Shield Hill; 
and John Rutherford. 

Tritlington is a township and village, comprising 1,200 acres, the pro- 
perty of the Duke of Portland, John Davison, and Dr. James Mercer. Its 
rateable value is £1,093. The number of its inhabitants in J 801, was 89 ; 
in 1811, 103 ; in 1821, 99 ; in 1831, 82 ; in 1841, 131 ; and in 1851, 123 
souls. The Village of Trithngton is situated on the river Line, four and a 
half miles north by east of Morpeth. 

Directory. — George Coulson, vict., Portland Arms ; John Davison, 
yeoman; Peter Givens, woodman; Thomas Mundell, schoolmaster; and 



T38 MOBPETH ^ARD— WEST DIVISTOX. 

tlie faimers are John Brown, Shield Green; William Dob.so.n;,.^nd Kraiices 
Hume, Broom. '7 ,I08[ nichic- 

LONG HORSLEY PARISH. 

LoKa HoRSLEY is a parish comprising thetov^iiships of Bigge's or Carlisle's 
Quarter, Freeholders' Quarter, Loiigshaws, R-iddell's Quarter, Stanton, Win- 
gates, and Witton Shields. It is bounded by the chapelries and parishes of 
Rothburj, Framlington, Felton, Hebron, Mitford, and Netherwitton ; ex- 
tends about seven miles in length, by three in breadth, and contains an area of 
12,849 acres. Its population in 1801, ^Yas 844 ; in 1811, 1,0-24; in 1821, 
1,006; in 1831, 952; in 1841, 922; and in 1851, 905 souls. Its soil 
is principally clayey. The manor of Long Horsley was formerly the property 
of the Barons of Morpeth, by whom it was granted to Adam de Plessis. 
Lands were held here by the Horslcys, from a very early period, but their 
estates were transferred by marriage to the Widdringtons, from whoni they 
passed in the same manner to the liiddell family, the present possessors. 

The Village of Long Horsky, which is large and straggling, is situated 
in the three townships of Bigge's Quarter, Freeholders' Quarter, and Riddell's 
Quarter, on the Wooler road, six and three quarter miles N N .W. of Morpeth. 
The Parish Church, dedicated to St. Helen, is situated nearly half a mile 
from the village, and is a neat stone structure, with a handsome porch. The 
living is a vicarage in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne, and deanery of Mor- 
peth, valued in the Liber Regis at £7 13s. 4d., gross income, £396. The 
parish register commences in 1688. The patronage is vested in the Crown, 
and the Rev. Robert Green, B.A., is vicar. An ancient tower, near the 
western extremity of the village, the property of the Riddells, is used as a 
Catholic Church. Rev. John S. Rogerson, priest. 

Charity. — In 1790, Mrs. A. Ogle left the sum of £100, for the education 
of seven poor children, but through the insolvency of the person to whom it 
was lent, this money was lost, and the Rev. Joseph Middleton gave £100 to 
replace it. This sum is now invested in the public funds, and the dividends 
amounting to £3 18s. 6d., per annum, are employed in conformity with the 
intentions of the donor. 

Bigge's Quarter is a township in this parish, the property of the Execu- 
tors of the late Charles William Bigge, of Lindon House. It contains 2,869 
acres, and its rateable value is £1,802 13s, 6d. The population in 1801, was 
191 -in 1811, 259; in 1821, 262; in 1831, 238; in 1841, 252 ; and in 
1851, 280 inhabitants. Lindon House is a neat mansion situated about one 
mile north-east of Long Horsley. 

Freeholder's Quarter, a tow^nship in the above parish, contains 899 
acres, and its rateable value is £653 15s. Its population in 1801, was 74; 
in 1811, 96; in 1821, 109; in 1831, 127; in 1841, 109; and in 1851, 
119 souls. This townshi^o, as its name implies, is the property of several 
freeholders. 

Riddell's Quarter is another of the three townships, which contains the 
Tillage of Long Horsley* It comprises 2,145 acres, the property of Thomas 



LONG HORSLEY PARISH. 



739 



Eiddell, EJ^q., and its rateable value is £1,239. The number of its inhabi- 
tants in 1801, was 159 ; in 1811, 227; in 1821, 206; in 1831, 200 ; in 
1841, 175 ; and in 1851, 214 souls. 

LONG HOESLEY VILLAGE AND NEIGHBOURHOOD DIRECTORY. 

Post Office, Long Horsley, Henry Elwes, 2^ostmaster. Letters arrive here, from 
Morpeth at 10-5 a.m., an^l are despatched thereto at 4-85 and at 6 p.m. 

Bell Williara, yeoman and shopkeeper 

Burn Benjamin, land agent 

Burn John, miller 

Carr Ralph, shopkeeper and carrier 

Cleugh William, shopkeeper 

Dalziel William, surgeon 

Dickinson George, tailor 

Elivels Henry, vict. and overseer, Slioulder 

of Mutton 
Ferguson Matthew, stonemason 
Gallon, Matthew, stonemason 
Gaggie Ann, blacksmith 
Greason Thomas, joiner and painter 
Green Rev Robert, B A. vicar 
Hall Ralph, brick and tilemaker 
Harbottle Robert, butcher 
Lilburn George, blacksmith 
Marshall George, vict. & blacksmith, Rose 

and Thistle 
Mooney Rev. Peter, M.A. curate 
Ogg John, vict. and fanner, Black Bull 
Potts Michael, shoemaker 
Robson James, tailor 
Ptogerson Rev. John S. (Catholic) 
Smith James, tailor 



Swan John, shoemaker 
Tliompson John, cartv;right 
Vvilson Robert, cai-twright 
Young James, shoemaker 
Farmers 
Burn Henry, Lindon Hill Head 
Chatt Catherine, Southward Edge 
Dison John and Edward, Whalmley Burn 
Grey William, Horsley Bricks 
Harbottle, Mary 
Harbottle, William 
Henderson William, Hare Dean 
Jowsey John, Lindon East • 
Jowsey William, Lindon South 
Mc Lallan James, High Healey 
Moor John, and yeoman 
Moor Wilham, and yeoman 
Ogg John 
Patterson Thomas 
Rochester Daniel, Muckley 
Stephenson John, Paxton Dean 
Stokoe William, Field Head 
Thompson Nicholas, and cattle dealer 
Thompson Thomas, Yiew Law 
Walmsley Thomas, Blackpool 

Lo^^GSHAWs is also a township in this parish, occupied by the Young family. 
It is situated live and a half miles AY.N.W. of Morpeth, and comprises an area 
of 767 acres. The rateable value is £350. The population in 1801, was 
40; in 1811,39; in 1821, 38; in 1831, 44; in 1841, 48; andinl851, 
43 souls. The principal residents are George and Ralph Young, farmers and 
millers, Longshaws Mill; James Young, farmer; and John and Joseph 
Young, farmers, Woodhouse. 

Stanton is a tow^nship and village, the property of Hemy J. B. Baker, 
Esq. The area of the township is 2,254 acres, and its rateable value is 
£1,072. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, ^vas 178; in 1811, 178; 
in 1821, 168 ; in 1831, 135 ; in 1841, 128 ; and in 1851, 110 souls. The 
manor of Stanton formed part of the portion of Juliana, daughter of Cospatric, 
whom Henry I. gave in marriage to Ralph Lord de ]\Ierley. His son, Sir 
Roger deMerley, seems to have had possession of this estate, and it afterwards be- 
came the property of a younger branch of the Fenwicks of Fenwick Tower. It 
was the property of Sir Ralph de Fenwick, who was High Sheriffof Northumber- 
land in the early part of the reign of Henry VIII. He accompanied Sir John de 

3 Y 2 



740 MORPETH WAED— WEST DIVISION. 

Fenwick, of Wallington, and several more gentlemen of the county, wlio, 
with about 900 men, made an irruption into Scotland for the sake of plunder. 
They were attacked by an army of 2,000 Scots, and after a long and san- 
guinary engagement, victory declared for the invaders. In the reign of Edward 
VI. we find Stanton in the possession of Ralph de Fenwick, Esq., and Richard 
de Fenwick was the proprietor of Stanton, Absheels, a mediety of Long 
Witton, and lands in Fairn Low, Eshenden, and Cowpen, in the reign of 
Elizabeth: he',wasl^succeeded by his son William de Fenwick, Esq., whose 
son Roger married the daughter and heiress of George Fenwick, of Brinkburn. 
His eldest son, John Fenwick, Esq., espoused Margaret, one of the daughters 
and co-heiresses of William Fenwick, Esq., of Bywell, by which means the 
three houses of Stanton, By v\'eli, and Brinkburn, became united. It is now 
the property of the gentleman above named. The Village of Stanton is 
situated five and a quarter miles north-west of Morpeth. From the many 
foundations of houses, &c., still visible here, it is reasonable to infer that 
Stanton was at one period a place of some importance. The Old Manor 
House was formerly used as a poor house for the parish. At a short distance 
to the north of the manor house, the domestic chapel once stood, but every 
vestige of this venerable edifice has long since disappeared. 

Ruffle Law is a lofty eminence which separates the township of Stanton 
from Long Horsley Moor, and is remarkable for commanding one of the 
most extensive and varied prospects in the North of England. There is an 
uninterrupted view of the sea-coast, from the northern extremity of the county 
to South Shields. To the north nature assumes a bold and imposing form ; 
there the lofty heights of Rimside and Simonside, are seen rising like two 
immense pyramids, between which are perceived the Cheviot Hills, whose 
grey tops seem enveloped in the clouds ; while turning the eye westward, the 
mountains of Cumberland terminate the beautiful scene. Heniy J.B. Baker, 
Esq., the lord of the manor, has erected a handsome cottage here, in which he 
resides during the shootins season. 



AtDclerson Tlios. coalowner, Lambert Hill 
Charlton WilliaQT , sliox^keeper 

Farmers 
Bell YVilliara, Berry Hills 
Pinlayson John, Selby 
Harbottle John, Bacon Hill 



Ogle Edward, Abbey Shields 

Eobinson John, and miller, Stanton Mill 

Rutherford Francis 

Scott Adam, Whinney Hill 

Scott Edward 

Spraggon John, Old Hall 

Spraggon William, Town Hill 



ToDBUEN is a township in this parish, two miles W. N. W. of Long 
Horsley. It contains 699 acres, the property of Charles W. Bigge, Esq., and 
its population in 1801, was 26; in 1811, 20; in 1821, 25; in 1831, 32; 
in 1841, 22 ; and in 1851, 18 souls. This township consists of two farms, 
which are in the occupancy of William Moore, and Thomas Patters, farmers, 
i WiNGATEs is a township and village comprising 2,642 acres, the property 
of Raleigh Trevelvan, Esq. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 
155; in 1811, 176; in 1821, 177; in 1831, 163; in 1841, 175; and in 
1851, 186 souls. On the Chirm Farm, in this township, there is aveiy strong 
chalybeate spring, which, some years ago, was the cause of this place being 



LOXa HOESLEY PAEISH. 741 

much visited bypersons siifferiag from scorfula, external inflammations, stomach 
complaints, debilit}^, &c. From a chemical analysis of the water, it was found 
that a pint of it contained six grains of iron, fourteen grains of alum, and 
nine of an ochre earth. A small bath Avas constructed here about fifty-six years 
ago, and the pi-oprietor has recently erected a house for the accommodation of 
-visitors. 

The Village of Wingates is situated about two and three-quarter 
miles west from Long Horsley, and is remarkable as being the birth-place of 
the celebrated oriental scholar, the Rev. Robert Morrison, D.D., who was 
born here on the 5th January, 1782, but was removed in his infant years 
to Buller s Green, in the vicinity of Morpeth, where he continued to reside 
till about 1785, when his parents removed to Newcastle. He received the 
first rudiments of his education from his uncle, Mr. James Nicholson, a re- 
spectable teacher in that town, but at an early age was apprenticed to his 
father, who was a last and boot-tree maker, in which business he soon became 
very skilful. Becoming desirous of entering the Christian ministry he com- 
menced the study of Latin and Greek under the tuition of the Rev. A. Laidler, 
minister of the Presbyterian Chapel, in Silver-street, where he also began to 
read Hebrew, and to study theology. Some time afterwards he entered Hox- 
ton Academy, and his services as a missionary being accepted by the London 
Missionary Society, he removed to the academy of that institution at Gosport, 
where he acquired a knowledge of the French and Chinese languages. He 
shortly afterwards studied medicine in London, and astronomy at Greenwich, 
under Dr. Hutton. In January, 1807, he left England for China, where he 
arrived in September of the same year, and was domesticated in the factory 
of Messrs. Milner and Bull, American agents. The first sixteen months of 
his residence, however, were extremely irksome, and attended by many priva- 
tions and difficulties, as will appear from the fact of his spending the day 
with his teacher, studying, eating, and sleeping in an under-ground room, 
adopting the Chinese costume, foregoing the pleasures of intercourse with his 
countrymen, and taking his meat with the Chinese who taught him the 
language. In 1810, he published his translation of the iVcts of the Apostles 
into Chinese, and in 1811, the Gospel of St. Luke, a grammar, and other 
smaller works. In 1813, he was joined by Mr. Milne, and, in conjunction 
with that gentleman, completed the Old and New Testaments, the Book of 
Common Prayer, and many other religious works. He afterwards compiled a 
Chinese Dictionary ; and in 1816, accompanied Lord Amherst to Pekin, and 
drew up and published a memoir of that unsuccessful embassj^ In December, 

1817, he received the degree of D.D. from the University of Glasgow, and in 

1818, founded the Anglo-Chinese College at Malacca. In 1823, Dr. Morrison 
returned to England, when he was presented to the king, to whom he de- 
livered a copy of his translation of the scriptures into Chinese. He returned 
to China in the following year, and continued to be of the greatest service to 
the European residents, until the summer of 1833, when his health began to 
yield to the effects of climate. In July, ] 834, he became Chinese secretary 
to his majesty's superintendents, and accompanied Lord Napier to Canton, 



74S IvrOEPETH WARD — WEST D1^^SI0N. 

where he arrived ou the 25th July. Having been much exposed to the 
weather during the passage, his illness became very much increased ; and he 
died at his residence, in the Danish Hong, Canton, on the 1st August, 
1834. His remains were followed to the river, where they were shipped to 
Macao, by Lord Napier, and all Europeans, Americans, and Asiatic British 
residents in Canton. The corpse was forwarded to Macao, where it was 
interred in the private Protestant cemetery in that settlement. 

Farmers 
Aynsley John, Chirm 
Burns George and Thomas, Garrett Lee 
Corry Michael, & coal owner, West Moor 
Oipeth William and Francis, Home Farm 
Eeed John, East Farm 
Summerbell Joseph, West Farm 



Bell Lyou, shopkeeper 
Kaysley Edward, shopkeeper 
Jackson Margaret, vict. Fox and Hounds 
Jackson Robert, blacksmith 
Mclnt\re D. schoolmaster 
Wilson George, joiner and cartwright, and 
keeper of the Spa Baths 



WiTTON Shields is a township and hamlet in the above parish, of which 
the principal proprietors are Ralph Trevelyan, Esq. and Mr. Whitham. The 
tov\mship comprises an area of 574 acres, and its rateable value is £247 l3s. 
The population in 1801, was 21; in 1811, 29; in 1821, 21; in 1831, 13 ; 
in 1841, 13; and in 1851, 25 souls. The Hamlet of Witton Shields is 
situated six and a quarter miles north-west by west of Morpeth. Here is a 
strong old tower, erected by Sir Nicholas Thornton in 1608, it is now occa- 
sionally used as a Catholic Church, This old tower and a garden of seven 
acres were left by the Thornton family for the Catholic priest who serves the 
mission. The principal inhabitants are William Aynsley, farmer, and 
Elizabeth Wilson, keeper of the tower. 

mitfoedpahish. 

MiTFORD, a parish partly in the west division of Morpeth Ward, and partly 
in the west division of Castle Ward, comprehends the townships of Benridge, 
Edington, High and Low Highlaws, Mitford, Molesdon, Newton Park, New- 
ton Underwood, Nunriding, Pigdon, Spittle Hill, and Throphill. It is bounded 
by the parishes and chapehies of Long Horsley, Hartburn, Meldon, Whalton, 
Morpeth, and Hebron, and comprises an area of 9,595 statute acres. The 
population in 1801, was 676; in 1811, 630 ; in 1821, 625 ; in 1831, 701; 
in 3 841, 733; and in 3 851, 700 souls. This district possesses rich and 
fertile soil, and is well watered by the rivers Font and Wansbeck. 

Benridge is a towmship and hamlet containing 3,085 acres, the property 
of the Earl of Carlisle, and its rateable value is £680. The number of its 
inhabitants in 1801, was 54; in 1811, 45; in 1821, 57; in 1831, 53; in 
1841, 70; and in 1853, 58 souls. The Hamlet of Benridge is situated 
one mile and a half W.N.W of Morpeth. 

Directory. — The farmers are Daniel Anderson, Hole in the Wall ; Ran- 
dall Dixon, Lower Farm ; George Fenwick, Middle Farm ; E. Fenwick, West 
Farm ; Henry OHver, Benridge Hagg ; and John Urwin, Benridge Moor. 



MITFOED PARISH. 743 

Edixgton is a township and hamlet in this parish, but locally situated in 
the western division of Castle Ward. It comprises an area of 631 acres, the 
property of Sir Charles Monck, Bart., and its rateable value is £631. Popu- 
lation in 1801, 25 ; in 1811, 49 ; in 1821, 44; in 1831, 41 ; in 1841, 23 ; 
and in 1851, 24 souls. The Hamlet of Edington is about three miles and 
a half south-west by west of Morpeth. The township consists of two farms, 
which are occupied by Robert Rutherford and Williani Patterson, farmers. 

High and Low Highlaws, or Heighley, is a township situated two miles 
and a half N.N.W of Morpeth. It contains 1,357 acres, the property of 
WiUiam Ord, Esq., and its rateable value is £1,294. The number of its in- 
habitants in 1801, was 106; in 1811, 91; in 1821, 76; in 1831, 117; in 
1841, 111 ; and in 1851, 101 souls. This tow^nship includes the villages of 
Epsley, and Highlaw-gate. 



Noble Edward, gardener 

Rutherford Elizabeth, vict. & blacksmith 

Farmers 
Barlow Matthew, Baron House 



Bates John 

Bean William 

Brown Jonathan 

Hedley Eobert, and timber merchant 



MiTFORDisa township and village in the parish of the same name, the 
property of Bertram Mitford, Esq. The area of the township, inclusive of 
that of Molesden, is 2,558 acres, and the rateable value is £2,038 19s. Od. 
Its population in 1801, was 199 ; in 1811, 162; in 1821, 178; in 1831, 
194; in 1841, 220; and in 1851, 217 souls. The manor of Mitford was 
held by a family that bore the local name, as early as the time of Edward the 
Confessor ; but immediately after the Norman invasion the Conqueror gave 
Sibil de Mitford, the only daughter and heiress of Sir John de Mitford, in 
marriage to one of his Norman adventurers. Sir Richard Bertram, and upon 
her demise the manor of Mitford became the property of her eldest son, Sir 
Vv^illiam Bertram, during whose possession it w^as created a barony. This 
Sir William was succeeded by his eldest son Roger, who obtained the grant of a 
marketfrom Henry II. The castle of Mitford was seized and the town destroyed 
by the Flemish allies of King John, in consequence of their proprietor having 
joined the confederacy of the barons. Henry III. restored the castle to the 
Bertrams, and also granted an extension of the annual fair, from four to eight 
days on the payment of a fine of £100. Roger Bertram, the third Baron of 
Mitford, succeeded his father in 1242. He was afterwards taken prisoner 
among the insurgents at Northampton, in consequence of which his castle 
and estates were seized by the king, and never more restored to the family. 
The castle and a portion of the estates were granted to Eleanor Stanover, 
wife of Robert de Stoteville, who died in 1306. We find the barony held 
by the Earl of Pembroke, in the year 1318 ; and after his decease, it was 
possessed by his relict and heirs, and subsequently passed to Sir Henry Percy, 
Lord of Athol, who died in 1433, leaving two daughters, by whom this estate 
was transferred in marriage to Thomas Brough, Esq., and Sir Henry Grey. 
In the reign of Henry VIII. we find Lord Brough the sole proprietor. In 
1557, William, Lord Brough granted to Cuthbert Mitford and his heirs for 
ever, all his land at Mitford, reserving only to himself the royalties and site 



f 44 MORPETH WARD— WEST DIVISION. 

of the castle. The castle and royalties were afterwards the property of the 
Crown; but Charles II. granted them to Kobert Mitford, Esq., with whose 
descendants they have since remained. The antique ruins of the wld castle of 
Mitford occupy a considerable eminence on the south side of the Wansbeck, 
and are scattered, in confused heaps, over about an acre of ground. This 
castle is supposed to have existed before the Norman Conquest, and we find 
it possessed by Sir John Mitford, as early as 1068. It suffered severely from 
fire in 1215, but appears to have been subsequently restored ; for we find it 
besieged by the Scots in 1217, when, in consequence of the bravery of the 
garrison, the enemy was compelled to abandon the place after a siege of several 
days. The present castle is a modern building, situated a short distance 
from the ruins of the old fortress. 

The Village of Mitford is pleasantly situated at the confluence of the 
rivers Wansbeck and Font, two miles west of Morpeth, whence a road passes 
through this village to Elsdon, being here carried over the Font by a good 
stone bridge. On a hill above the village, there formerly ^tood St. Leonard's 
Hospital, which was founded by Sir William Bertram, in the reign of Henry I. 
The Church, a very ancient edifice, is situated a short distance south-west 
of the village, on the south bank of the Wansbeck, opposite to the old Castle. 
The parish register commences in 1667. The living is a discharged vicarage, 
in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne, and deanery of Morpeth, valued in the 
Liber Regis at £10 6s. 8d. ; gross income £95. It is in the patronage of the 
Bishop of Durham, and incumbency of the Ptev. Charles C. Snowden. There 
is a parish school a short distance east of the village, under the patronage of 
Admiral Mitford, who subscribes £10 per annum towards its support, and 
£5 5s. for books. 

Post Office, Mitford, George Heppell, Postmaster. — Letters arrive from Morpetb, 
at 9-3@. a.m., and are despatched thereto at 3 p.m. 

Blair Thomas, farmer, Dean House 
Boyd John, gardener, Mitford Cottage 
Bullock Mrs. Hannah 
Charlton Matthew, farmer 
Creigh Thomas H, schoolmaster 
Harbottle Bartholomew, gardener 
Heppell George, wheelwright and shop- 
keeper 

MoLESDON is a township and hamlet in this parish, but locally situated in 
the western division of Castle Ward. It is the property of Admiral Mitford, 
who is also lord of the manor. Population in 1801, 38; in 1811, 29 ; in 1821, 
21; in 1831, 36; in 1841, 40; and in 1851, 25 souls. The area of the 
township is returned with that of Mitford. This township has been in the 
possession of the same family, since the year 1370, when it was granted by 
the Earl of Athol, to Sir John de Mitford. The Hamlet of Molesdon is 
three miles west by south of Morpeth. The township contains two farms, 
occupied by Margaret Potts, and William Potts, farmers. *^; 

Newton Paek township, is situated two miles west by south of Morpeth, and- 
is the property of the Mitford family. It contains 341 acres, and its rateable 



Lilburn Thomas, vict. and joiner, Plough 

Mitford Mrs. Fanny, Mitford Castle 

Price Thomas and William, blacksmiths 

Smith Eichard, tailor 

Snowden Rev. Charles C. vicar, Vicarage 

Thompson Mr. Eohert 

Trotter John, farmer 



JtllTFOED TAKISH. 745 

value is^QoO. The population in 1801, was 11; in 1811, 19; in 1821, 15; 
in 1831, 16; in 1841, 15; and in 1851, 17 souls. This township consists of 
one farm occupied by WilUam Thompson, farmer. 

Newtox Underwood, is a township and hamlet, containing 869 acres, the 
property of H. R. Mitford, Esq., and Benjamin Bullock, Esq. The rateable 
value is £1,210. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 78 ; in 1811, 97 ; 
in 18-21, 75; in 1831, 85; in 1841, 92; and in 1851, 95 souls. The 
Hamlet of Newton Underwood is situated three and a quarter miles west of 
Morpeth, and north of the Wansbeck. The tithes were commuted in 1839. 



Farmers 
Brown Edward and John 



Orrage Thomas, Light Water House 
Eohertson George, and miller 
Scott James, Newton Eed House 
Tindell Thomas, and land agent 



NuNRiDiNG, or NuNEiDGE, a township situated four and a half miles W. N. 
W. of Morpeth, contains 648 acres, and its rateable value is £223 10s. 
It is the property of Thomas Fenwick, Esq. Population in 1801,43; in 
1811, 39; in 1821, 39; in 1831, 37; in 1841, 41; and in 1851, 31 souls. 
NuNRiDiXG Hall is now in a state of great dilapidation, and is occupied by 
a hind of Mr. James Dands, of Togston, who farms a great portion of the 
property. 

Directory. — Thomas Sinclair, Eed Moor; and Joseph Eobson, Coal 
Houses, farmers. 

PiGDON is a township and hamlet, the property of Aubone Surtees, Esq. 
The area of the township is 1,084 acres, and its rateable value £790. In 
1801, it contained 47; m 1811, 30; in 1821, 36 ; in 1831, 33; in 1841, 
50; and in 1851, 46 inhabitants. The Hamlet of Pigdon is situated three 
miles north-west by west of Morpeth. Tithes commuted in 1839, aggregate 
amount £50. 

Directory. — John Buddies, woodman ; George Heslop, farmer ; Aubone 
Surtees, Esq., Pigdon Cottage ; and Honey wood Surtees, farmer. 

Spittle Hill, a township in the above parish, is situated on the north 
side of the river Font, opposite to Mitford. It is the property of Benjamin 
Bullock, Esq. ; its rateable value is £179 12s. 2d., and it contains 160 acres. 
Population in 1801, 6 ; in 1811, 9 ; in 1021, 9 ; in 1831, 11 ; in 1841, 12; 
and in 1851, 18 souls. Tithes commuted in 1839, aggregate amount 
£16 13s. Spittle Hill House, the seat and property of Bejamiu 
Bullock, Esq., is delightfully situated on an eminence opposite to Mitford 
Castle. It occupies the site of the ancient hospital of St. Leonard, and has 
been the residence of the same family for upwards of four centuries. Benjamin 
Bullock, Esq., J. P., Spittle Hill House, is the principal resident. 

Throphill, or Thropple, is a township and hamlet, the property of H. E. 
Mitford, Esq., and Captain Fairfoot. The township comprises an area of 
862 acres, and its rateable value is £840 17s. 6d. The number of its inhabi- 
tants in 1801, was 69; in 1811, 67; in 1821, 75; in 1831, 78; in 1841, 
59 ; and in 1851, 71 souls. The Hamlet of Throphill is situated four miles 
west of Morpeth. 



746 JilOEPETH WARD— WEST DIVISION, 

Directory. — Edward Charlton, carrier; John Mitchell, carrier; and 

George Thompson, fai^mer. 

MORPETH PARISH. 

Morpeth is a parish, township, corporate and parliamentary borough, and 
m.arket town, in the western division of Morpeth Ward, and eastern and 
western divisions of Castle "Ward. The parish comprehends the townships of 
BuUer's Green, Hepscott, Morpeth, Morpeth Castle, Newminster Abbey, 
Shilvington, Tranwell and High Church, and Twizell, whose united area is j 
8,177 acres. The population in 1801, was 3,707; in 1811, 4,098 ; in 1821, 1 
4,292 ; in 1831, 4,797 ; in 1841, 4,237 ; and in 1851, 5,020 souls. The 
township comprises an area of 537 acres, and its rateable value is £6,530. 
The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 2,951 ; in 1811, 3,244 ; in 1821, 
3,415; in 1831, 3,890 ; in 1841, 3,441 ; and in 1851, 4,102 souls. 

BOROUGH OF MORPETH. 

The Town of Morpeth is situated on the Wansbeck, eighteen miles south 
by east of Alnwick, and 289 miles N.N.W. of London, in an agricultural 
district, w^hicli possesses a rich and cultivated soil, as also valuable timber, 
coal, and freestone. The Wansbeck flows eastward to the boundary of the 
municipal borough, which it skirts on the west, south, and east ; and then 
flowing through a succession of narrow, but fertile vales, beautifully adorned 
with wood, falls into the sea at Camboise, about seven miles east of Morpeth. 
On the south side of the town the river is crossed by a small bridge, erected in 
1831, from a design by Mr. Telford, immediately below a strong but narrow 
and steep old bridge of two arches, and connecting the castle, jail, &c., 
with the town. On the west it is crossed by a suspension foot-bridge, leading 
through the foot of Oldgate. A public promenade is situated a little to the 
east of the first bridge ; it was arranged and laid out at the expense of the 
Earl of Carlisle and the Corporation. The town chiefly consists of two 
spacious and v/ell built streets, with a small market-place. The market cross 
vras erected in 1699, at the joint expense of the Hon. Philip Howard and Sir 
Henry Belasye, Knt. Near the market-place is a square clock tower con- 
taining an excellent peal of bells, which, in consequence of tlie church being 
at some distance from the town, are used for the ordinaiy parochial purposes. 
Morpeth holds no very prominent place in the history of the county, and dimng 
the Saxon and Danish period it was of small importance ; but, after the 
Norman Conquest, it emerged from the rank of a village to that of an honour, 
and was styled "the barony of Morpeth." In 1215 the town was set on fire 
to prevent King John from resting there in his infamous expedition, and in 
1689 it was again destroyed by an accidental conflagration, in which nearly 
all the buildings were consumed. Morpeth barony was anciently the pro- 
perty of the Merley family, but when this barony was created, or whether the 
above family possessed it before the Conquest, there is no satisfactory evidence. 



- - -BOBOUGil OF MORPSTir. 747 

We learn from tlie Testa de Neville that the third Eoger de Merley held this 
barony by the service of four knights' fees. It was formerly very extensive, 
consisting of the easts e and lordship of thetov,ii, and the villages of Green- 
west, Ulgham, Hepscot, Sbilviugton, Twizell, Saltwick, the two Dnddoes, 
Clifton, Ckdwell, Stanniogton, Shotton, Blagdon, North and South Wideslad, 
Kiniugworth, Great Benton, and Walker. In the year 1199 Roger de Merley 
obtained a grant of a market for this boi'ongh from King John, and also the 
privilege of an annual fair on the feast of St. Mary Magdalen. His Successor 
ornamented the borough and founded an hospital at Catchburn. The third 
Eoger exempted the burgesses of Morpeth from a^l taxes, contributions, &c., 
except those to the King for public safety, and the relief on the marriage of 
the lord s heir or eldest daughter, or the redemption of the Jordfrom captivity. 
The accustomed common right, pasturage, and other conveniences, were 
confiTmed to the burgesses by the same charter. In the year 1350, Lord 
Merley V market at Morpeth injured the neighbouring market at Mitford so 
much, that Roger de Bertram, Baron of Mitford, brought an action for 
damages against him in the county court, but the King Henry III., by his 
precept, addressed to the sheriff, prohibited the prosecution of the suit, stating 
that it WES beyond the sheriff s jurisdiction. The two daughters and co-heir- 
esses of the last Lord Mei-^'ey having married William, Lord Greystock, and 
Robert de Sommervilie, Morpeth became the property of Lord Greystock, to 
whom, and to his heirs, Edward I. granted, that the annual fair in the borough 
should be held for three days, viz. : on the " eve, the feast, and the morrow 
of St. Mary Magdalen." This family becoming extinct in the person of 
Elizabeth, Baroness Greystock and Wemme, who had married Thomas, Lord 
Dacre of Gilsand, in the reign of Henry YIIL, and George, Lord Dacre, 
ha\nng died under age, the property passed into the possession of his two 
sisters, Ann and Elizabeth; the former of whom married Philip, Earl of 
Arundel, eldest son of the Duke of Norfolk, and the latter w^as espoused by 
William Howard, of Naworth Castle, Cumberland, the third son of the 
Duke of Norfolk. Charles, the grandson of William, was, in 1661, created 
Lord Dacre of Gilsand, Viscount Howard of Morpeth, and Earl of Carlisle. 
He was \nce-admiral of the northern counties, lord lieutenant of Cumberland 
and Westmoreland, governor of Jamaica, privy councillor to Charles II., and 
ambassador extraordinary to the Czar of Muscovy, and the Kings of Swedett 
and Denmark. He died in February 1684, and was interred in York 
Minster. Edward, the second Earl of Carlisle, and Charles, his successor, 
were members of parliament for Morpeth. Henry, the fourth Earl, married 
the only daughter of the Earl of Sutherland, and after her death, he was 
united to Isabella, the daughter of William, Lord Byron. On his decease, 
the family honours and estates were inherited by his son Frederick, the fifth 
Earl, who married Caroline, daughter of the first Marquis of Stafford. He 
was Lord -lieutenant of Ireland in 1780, and took an active part in all 
public affairs. He was succeeded by his son George, upon whose demise in 
1848, the title was assum^ed by George William Fredericlv Howard, the 
.present Earl of Carlisle, wdio is lord-lieutenant of the East Riding of Yorkshire, 

2 z 



1^4:8 MORPETH WARD— WEST DIVISION. 

a privy councillor for Great Britain and Ireland, one of the council of 
the Duchy of Cornwall, and ranger of Dean Forest. His lordship has been 
successively chief secretary for Ireland, chief commissioner of Woods and 
Forests, and chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. His lordship graduated 
at Christ's Church, Oxford, and is eminently distinguished for his literary 
taste. 

The Parish Church dedicated to the Blessed Virgin, is a neat plain 
structure situated on an eminence called Kirkhill, in the township of High 
Church, south of the town, and is in the style of architecture which prevailed 
in the middle of the fourteenth century. Too much praise can scarcely be 
given to the present rector and his coadjutor, who have caused a great portion 
of the " pew lumber," which encumbered this church, to be removed, and its 
place supplied by stalls of an appropriate character, one of the gaileries has 
also been removed, and the roof — low^ and of very objectionable appearance, 
has been replaced by another of high pitch and excellent design. The white- 
wash too, has been cleared off the walls and pillars, revealing the excellent 
and good order of the masonry which had been so long concealed. The parish 
register commences in 1584. The living is a rectory with the curacy of 
Ulgham, in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery of Morpeth ; rated 
in the Liber Regis at £32 16s.; gross income £1,744. Patron, the 
Earl of Carlisle; rector, the Hon. and Eev. Francis Richard Grey; curate, 
Rev. Robert Beatson. 

St. James the Great's Church, Newgate-street, is an excellent and pleas- 
ing specimen of the Norman style. It is a cruciform structure, consisting of 
nave and aisles, transepts, chancel, and a small central tower, and was erected 
from a design by Ferry, in J 846, at a cost of about £7,000. The eastern 
window and several others in the church are beautifully stained, imparting 
that softened light, so much in accordance with the character of the edifice. 
This church is furnished with low epen benches, or seats, containing about 
800 free sittings, and is attended by the ministers of the parish church. 

St. Robert's Catholic Church, situated in Oldgate, is a splendid structure 
in the early English style of architecture, erected by subscription, in 1849, at 
ia total cost of £2,300. This edifice consists of nave, chancel, and a beautiful 
octagonal tower, 119 feet in height, whose " silent finger pointing up to heaven," 
reminds the passer by, of "another and abetter world." The nave is lofty and 
spacious, being sixty-seven feet in length, by twenty-six in breadth, and is 
furnished with low open benches, in strict accordance with the character of 
the building. The chancel, ^vhich is twenty feet long by fifteen wide, is 
Separated from the nave by a finely carved screen, surmounted by the "Holy 
Rood," and figures of the Blessed Virgin and the Beloved Disciple, and over 
all is the Last Judgment, beautifully painted on the chancel arch by Mr. 
Gill, ef Scarbro'. The windows of the church are all filled with stained 
glass, from the manufactory of Mr. Waiies, of Newcastle. That in the eastern 
window, represents the various events in the life of our Blessed Saviour, 
from the Annunciation to the Ascension. The other windows are filled with 
-th^ figures of various saints, sacred monograms, &c^ The eastern wmdow. 



BGROUOH OF MORPETH. 749 

and five others in the chancel and vestiy, were the gift of Mrs. Mary Boot, of 
Morpeth. The interior of this church has a very beautiful appearance, tbe 
finely stained windows giving in its utmost perfection that dim religious light 
which was so loved by Milton, and which all people of taste and feeling admire 
in such edifices. On the south and west of the church adjoining the river 
Wansbeck, are handsome grounds, in the centre of which is a large cross, with 
finely carved figures in the style of the 13th century. There is also a Pres- 
bytery, with a school and house for the teacher, in the immediate neighbour- 
hood of the church. The Kev. George Austin Lowe, O.S.B., Priest. 

The Independent Chapel, in Union-street, was erected in 1733, and is 
now under the ministry of the Eev. William Ayre. The Protestant dissenting 
interest in Morpeth is very old, a dissenting body being established here as 
early as the reign of Charles II. In 1692, Dr. Harle was minister here, and 
he was succeeded by the Rev. John Horsley, author of the " Britannia 
P»x)mana," and one of the most learned antiquarians of his age. 

The Peesbtterian Chapel is situated in Collingwood Lane, and the 
Wesleyan jMethodist Chapel in Manchester Lane. The latter was rebuilt 
in 1823, and will accommodate about 600 persons. 

The Grammar School is held in the Old Chapel, Chantry Place, wdiichhas 
been recently rebuilt in its original style. It was founded and endowed by 
letters patent of King Edward VI., but is governed by statutes passed in 1811 
and 1818. The government is vested in the bailiffs and burgesses, who have 
the right of appointing the master a.nd usher, and, under the sanction of tbe 
Bishop of Durham, can remove them. The master must have taken the 
degree of Master, or Bachelor of Arts, and be skilled in the Latin and Greek 
languages, and produce testimonials as to his conduct and doctrine. The 
usher must possess similar qualifications as the master, but need not bave 
taken a degree. The course of instruction prescribed, embraces the principles 
of the Christian religion, the Church catechism, Latin, Greek, and English 
grammar, the rudiments of Hebrew, and out of school hours, writing and 
arithmetic, geography, mathematics, and other instruction, the pupils paying 
for the same. The sons of freemen are taught the English, Latin, and Greek 
grammars, and classics, Church catechism, and principles of religion free; and 
other scholars, not sons of freemen, at £1 Is. per quarter, all paying for in- 
struction in other literature. The income at the time of the Charity Com- 
missioners' report amounted to £224 2s. 3d., but b}^ a recent decision of the 
Vice Chancellor of England, this school bas become entitled to lands in tbe 
township of Nether Witton of the value of £1,500. T. W. Gibson, master. 

The Borough School, for girls and infants, is supported by the town 
council, from the corporate revenues, and by funds administered by the 
stewards of the common, out of an annual levy from the burgesses for every 
stint upon the common. The number at present in attendance is 150 girls 
and 1 20 infants. 

St. James's National School was erected in the same year as the church 
to which it is attached. There are separate apartments for boys, girls, and 
infants, and the average attendance is upwards of 300 children. The school 



is in comiesioa wiih the Committee of Privy Comicil en eduo 
regularly examined by ojie of Her Majesty's Inspectors of Schools. 

The Mechanics' Ixstitute, Mabket Pilace, is under the pak-onage of 
Earl Grey, and at present nnniljers apwards of 200 members. The Xews 
Ei3om is well supplied -with the metropolitan and local jonmals, periodicals, 
cjc, and the library contains upwards of "2,700 volumes, on science, arts, and 
general Hteratare. President, Sir J. E. Swinbum; Bart. ; treasurer, Mr. 
Thomas Bro^vn ; secretaries, Mr. Willkm Creighton and Mr, WiUiam Blair ; 
librarian, Mr. William Wilson. 

The Gastle, now in rains, occupies the summit of a high ridge of land, 
near the church, on the south side of the river Wansbeck, about half a mile 
fi-om Morpeth. The ground slopes nom it on every side but the west, on 
which it was defended by a ditch. Its strength seems to have been principally 
derived from its commanding position, as its works do not appear to have 
been of a very extensive description. The outward walls enclose about an 
acre of groimd, which is now converted into a garden. The gate tower, 
almost the only remaining portion of the castle, contains a winding staircase 
to the top, which is prorided with machicollated turrets at the comers. The 
last event with which the fortress is connected, was its siege and capture 
diiring the ciril wars. 

The Town Hall is situated on the west side of the Market-place, and was 
erected in 1714. from a design by Yanbnrgh, by the Earl of Carlisle. It is an 
elegant stone edifice with a rustic piazza and rarrets. and possesses every 
ooDTenience for the transaction of municipal business. - 

The Jail, which occupies a site south of the Wansbeck, and on the east side 
of the great north road, was erected in 1822, from a design by Mr. Dobson, 
of Newcastle, at a cost of £'71,000. It is octangular in form, and consists of 
outer wail, gateway, sessions house, chapel, house of correction, wards for 
debtors and felons, and a governor's house. The gateway is an imposing 
structure, seventy-two feet high, on the second Soor of which is the sessions 
house for county meetings, ^c. ninety-two feet by sixty-four. This hall is 
surrounded by a gaUery and possesses sufficient accommodation for 3,500 
pei^ons. The ceiling of this, and the other principal rooms, is ribbed and 
vaulted in accordance with the rest of the building. Sessions were first held 
here in April, 1831, EobertH. Clough, governor. 

The Mo2PETh Pooe Law Uxiox comprehends seventy-two parishes and 
townships, including an area of 95,429 acres, and a population in 1851, of 
18,127 souls. The parishes and townships are Angerton (High), Angerton 
(Low), Ashington and Sheepwash. Be.ilington, Benridge, Bigge's Quarter, 
Eockenneld. Bothal Demesne. Buller's Green, BuUc^ck's HpJI, Cambo, Causey 
Park. Chevington «Eastt, Chevington (West), Cockle Park, Corridge, Cress- 
well, Deanham, EaKdon, Earsdon Forest, Edington, EUington, Eshott, Fen- 
rother, Freeholdei^' Quarter, Hadstone, Hartbum, Hartlum Gmnge, Hebron, 
Hepscott, Hiehlaws, Highlaws (High and Low), Hurst, Linmouth, Longhii-st, 
Longshaws, Long Wit ton, Meldon, Middleton (^oiih), ^liddleton (South), 
Mitford, Molesdon, Morpeth, Morpeth Castle, Nether Witton, NeTrbiggro, 



i 



BOROUGH OF MORPETH. , 75 1 



riding, Oldmoor, Pegsworth, Pigdoii, Eiddell's Quarter, Piiver Green, Spittle 
Hill, Stanton, Thirston (East and West) with Shotliaugh, Thornton (East), 
Thornton (V/est), Throphill, Todridge, Tran well and High Church, Trithngton, 
Ulgham, Walhngton Demesne, "Whitridge, Witton Shields, A¥iddrington, 
Woodhorn, and Woodhorn Demesne. The Union Workhouse is situated 
in Newgate-street, W. Kobinson, master ; Magdalen Robinson, matron, 

The various public institutions, offices, &g, of Morpeth, with the names of 
their ofHcers, will be found imder the head Public Institutions, in the 
Directory. 

Government and Franchise. — Previous to the year 1835, Morpeth v/as 
governed by a charter granted in the 15 th year of the reign of Charles II., in 
which it is recognised as a borough by prescription, under the corporate 
style of " The Bailiffs and Burgesses of the Borough of Morpeth, in the 
county of Northumberland ;" which style, together with the ancient liberties 
and privileges of the borough, the above-mentioned charter confirmed, re- 
appointing the corporate offices of the two bailiffs, sergeant, two fish and 
flesh lookers, two ale-tasters and breadweighers, and four constables; the 
officers to be yearly elected by the steward of the lord of the borough and nianor,- 
out of four resident burgesses, selected at a court-leet and baron, by and from 
amongst two juries of resident burgesses, specially nominated by the baihffs 
at their pleasure ; the business of the corporation, however, to be transacted 
in the guilds by all the freemen of the corporation, and the functions of the 
bailiffs to consist chiefly in receiving and applying the revenues, and acting 
as returning officers at elections of members of parliament. No civil or " 
criminal jurisdiction was granted, the administration of law and justice being 
upheld by a court-baron, presided over by the lord's steward twice a year, for 
the recovery of debts under £2 ; and by petty-sessions held Vvithin the town, 
for the county, by the county justices once a month. The guilds enjoyed a 
peculiar constitution. The names of the seven free companies are as follows : — 
Merchants, Tanners, Fullers and Dyers, Smiths Saddlers and Armourers, 
Cordwainers, Weavers, and Skinners Glovers and Butchers. It is said that 
these companies acquired the power of adding other trades to the original 
ones. The following are the titles of officers annually elected by a majority 
of free brothers by birth or servitude, constituting each company; one alder- 
man, two proctors, and two stewards. The free burgesses constituting the 
elements of the corporate body, previous to 1835, were elected by the free- 
brothers for presentation at the court-leet, for admission, as such, in the 
following proportions. The Merchants, four; the Tanners, six ; the Fullers 
and Dyers, three ; the Smiths, three ; the Cordwainers, three ; the Weavers, 
three ; and the Butchers, tw^o. Should any of the persons named on this 
list be under t^Yenty-one years of age, no new ]ist could be presented until 
such individuals reached majority and were sworn in. The present Munici- 
pal Borough of Morpeth, consists of part of the townships of Morpeth and 
Newminster iVbbey, containing respectively in 1851, 4,078 and 18 inhabitants. 
The parliamentary borough consists of the parish of Bedlhigton, tlie town- 



755 MOEPETH WARD ^^YEST DIVISION. 

ships of Morpeth, Morpeth Castle, Tranwell and High Church, Newminster 
Abbey, BuUer's Greeu, and Hepscott, and contained in 1851, 10,01*2 in- 
habitants. The Right Hon. Sir George Grey is the present representative. 



BOROUGH OF MORPETH, 

CORPOEATION IN 1854-55. 

Thomas Jobling, Mayor. 

William Woodman, Town Clerk. | James Jobling, Treasurer. 

ALDEKMEN. 

A. E. Fenwick. I Wm. Teottee, M.D. 

Joseph Thew. | Anthony Charlton. 

COUNCILLORS. 

James Thompson. I Robert Sbute. | Stephen Wilkinson. 

Robert Hawdon. | Tbomas Swan. | George Brumell. 

Antbony Thornton. I William Wilson. i Robert D, Burn, 

William Akinson. J Thomas JobUng. | 

Chaeities. — Besides the Grammar School, Morpeth possesses the follow- 
ing charities. Thomas Pye and John Bulman left a rent charge amounting 
to £12 5s. per annum for the poor of the parish ; and Elizabeth, Countess of 
Carlisle, bequeathed £50 for the same purpose. Of this sum £30 has been 
lost, and the remainder has been distributed according to the donor's inten- 
tions. From a memorandum in one of the paiish books, made previous to 
1775, it appears that Thomas Shipley left £10 to the poor of the town of 
Morpeth; that Thomas Pye left £3, and Mrs. Naylor, £2 ; the amount of 
which legacies, £15, was acknowledged to have been received by Matthew 
Potts, agent to the Earl of Carlisle, for which it is stated that Lord Carlisle 
was to pay interest, and that the same was to be distributed annually by the 
rector and churchwardens of Morpeth, but not in aid of the poor rates. The 
yearly sum of ten shillings, as two-thirds of the sum of fifteen shillings, appears 
to have been paid by the agents of Lord Carlisle, till about fifty-four years ago, 
to the churchwardens or the overseers of the poor of the town of Morpeth, but 
from that period, and without any apparent reason, it has been discon- 
tinued. In 1713, Jane and Edward Ward, of Morpeth, bequeathed a yearly 
rent of five shillings and sixpence, to be paid for ever to such poor house- 
keepers, within the borough or corporation of Morpeth, as the rector or 
churchwardens should think fit ; and John Wilkinson, in 1734, left a rent 
charge of ten shillings per annum, to such poor people as should from time to 
time inhabit and be chargeable to the town of Morpeth. John Ward, who 
died in 1795, gave to the rector of Morpeth, upon trust, £150, to place out 



I 



BOBOUGH OF MORPETH DIRECTORY. 



753 



£100 thereof, for the benefit of the poor legally settled and chargeable to the 
township of j\Iorpeth, and to apply the residue for the benefit of the children 
belonging to, and educated in, the township of Morpeth. The yearly sum of 
thirty shillings is paid to the overseers of the poor of the country parts of the 
township of Morpeth, by the proprietor of land in the township of Tranwell, 
in Morpeth, called Lownsdean. This charity appears to have been derived 
from the gift of George Wilson. Esq., of Hepscott. The yearly sum of thirty 
shillings is divided every Easter amongst the overseers of the nine different 
townships of the parish, exclusive of the township of Morpeth and the 
chapelry of Ulgham, in the proportion each pays to the poor rate, and the 
sum received by each overseer is divided by them amongst the poor of theiy 
respective townships. 

Worthies. — Thomas Gibsox, a native of Morpeth, was famous for his 
knowledge of divinity, medicine, and botany. He is mentioned by Bale 
in terms of the highest commendation. Being a zealous partisan of the 
Reformation, he wrote several works in its favour, and died in London, in 
the year 1562. 

William Turner, M.D., a native also of this town, was one of the earliest 
writers on ornithology and botany in England; he also wrote several pieces 
on theological subjects, and, like his contemporary Gibson, was a strenuousi 
supporter of the Reformation. Turner was highly esteemed by foreign 
naturalistic, and was a friend and correspondent of the celebrated Conrad 
Gesner, to whose great work " Historia Animalium," he contributed a brief 
account of the English fishes. He died in London, in July 1568. 

The Rev. John Hoesley, M.A. author of the " Britannia Romana," one 
of the most learned antiquarians of the age in which he lived, was minister of 
a Dissenting Chapel here, where he died in 1781. 

Mr. Luke Clennel, the celebrated painter and wood engraver, though 
born at Ulgham, was very early in life taken under the protection of his 
uncle, at Morpeth. 



BOROUGH OP MORPETH DIRECTORY, 

Including the townships of Morpeth and Bidler's Green, in the West division 
of Morpeth Ward ; Catchburn and Hepscott, in the East division of Castle 
Ward; and Kew minster Abbey, Shilvington, and Tramvell with High Church, 
in the West division of Castle Ward. 

Post Office, Newgate, James JoLlin, postmaster. Letters arrive from London and 
the south, at 8 a.m. and 5 p.m., and from the north at -1-45 and 10-10 p.m. They are 
despatched to the south at 4-15 and 10-10 p.m.^ and to the north at 8 a.m. and 5-30 p.m. 
Letters may be sent by affixing an extra stamp until ten minutes befoi-e each despatch. 



Miscellany 

Anderson Eev. James, Oldgate-street 
Ashton Thomas, woollen manufacturer, 

Abbey Mill 
Atkinson the Misses Jane and Margaret, 

Newgate-street 



Avery Miss JMary E. Newgate-street 

Banks James, professor of dancing, For- 
rest's Buildings 

Beattie James, inland revenue officer, 
Wausbeck terrace 

Bennet Edward, gentleman, Newgate-st 



■5£ 



ilOBPETH WARD WEST DiVISIOiC, 



Blake Miss Margaret, Sweet Brier Cottage, 

Newgate-street 
Bolton EcIsvlI. iDOst office clerk, Ncwgate-st 
Bowman Thomas, land surveyor 
Brown William, woodman, Grange Cottage 
Brumell Francis, attorney (G. & F. Bru- 

mell) ; ho. Bridge-street 
Brumell Geo. solicitor, & superintendent 
registrar (George & Francis Brumell) ; 
ho. New Cottage 
Brumell Mrs. Dorothy, Bridge-street 
Brumell Mrs. Mary, Wansbeck Place 
Brunton Mrs. Ann, Bridge-street 
Burn Mrs. Hannah Maria, Newgate-street 
Chambers Mrs. Margaret, Oklgate 
Chrisp Mrs. Ann, Newgate-street 
Clarke Mr. Michael, Buller's Gr^n 
Coates Mrs. Margaret, Howard Terrace 
Cowans Luke, cattle dealer. Bridge End 
Cowe George P. inland revenue officer 
Coxon Eobert, attorney's clerk, Forrest's 

Buildings 
Crake Mrs. Isabella, Bx-idge-street 
Davis Miss Jane, Oldgate-street 
Davison Miss Elizabeth, Newgate-st 
Dixon Mrs. Jane, Bridge-street 
Duncan George, baker, Newgate-street 
Duncan Thomas,] rate collector, Howard- 
terrace 
Eyre Eev. W. (Independent) Newgate-st 
Fenwick Miss Mary, Newgate-street 
Finch Eev. Thomas, chaplain of jail, Old 

Bridge End 
Fitzowen Charles, yeoman, Copper Chare 
Gledston Mr. John 
Grey Hon. & Rev. Francis Eichard, rector, 

Eectory, High Church 
Harbottle Miss Elizabeth, Ho ward-teiTace 
Harbottle Mrs. EHzabeth, Newgate-st 
Harbottle Mr. John, Newgate- street 
Hardy John Eobert, gentleman. Spring 

Garden House 
Hedley Mrs. Mary, Oldgate-street 
Hey Alexander, silk dyer, Percy Court 
Hindmarsh Thos. master mariner, Wans- 
beck Terrace 
Hunter Edvvard William, millwright, &-c. 

(E. & E. W. Hunter) ; ho. Back Eiggs 
Hunter Eobt. millwright, etc. (E. & E, W. 

Hunter) ; ho. Back Eiggs 
King Eobert, builder, &c. Newgate-st 
Laidler Thomas, constable, Dogger Bank 



Lowe Eev. George Austin, O.S.B. (Catho- 

hc) Oldgate 
Lyons Wm. foreman tanner. Bridge End 
MaskenyEev. Edward James, B.A. Howard 

terrace 
Maughan Mrs. A. E. Union-street 
Maughan Eev. S. B. Bridge-street 
Milliard Joseph, clerk, Newgate-street 
Moor John, Esq. land agent to W. Ord, 

Esq. Morpeth High House 
Morgan Wm. sand grinder, Brown-street 
Norman Eev. James Chaiies, B.A. Bridge- 
street 
Ord John, joiner, Old Bridge End 
Patterson Miss Ann, Bridge End 
Pattison ]Miss Ann, Bridge street 
Prindle Y/ilham, earner. Bridge-street 
Eapier Mrs. Ehzabetb, Buller's Green 
Eidley Mrs. Alice, Bridge-street 
ubinsoi 
street 

Eobinson John, banker's clerk, Newgate- 
street 
Eobson Mrs. Jane Minto, Lownsdeaa 

Cottage 
Shafto Charles C. Esq. Yv^ansbeck-terrace 
Short Mrs. Susan, Bennett Vfalk 
Smith Y\^illiam, sheriff's baihff 
Stutt Joseph, attorney's clerk, Union-st 
Surtees Mr. Honeywood 
TempleJam.es (tCo. coal merchants, Union- 
street 
Thompson Mrs. Ehza, Newgate -street 
Thornton Henry, letter carrier, Newgate-st 
Turner Miss Sarah T. Oldgate-street 
Turvey Eev. Jacob (Wesleyan), Howard- 
terrace 
Walker Eobert, rag and bone dealer. Old- 
gate- street 
Walter Mr. William, Percy Court 
Y'atson William Eobert, Bridge-street 
Y\^atson William Eichard, registrar of births,- 
deaths, and marriages, and reheving 
officer for Morpeth, Newgate-street 
Yvliinship Wm. land agent, Ord's House 
Yv'ilson William, manager of gas works, 

Yv^ansbeck-street 
Yfoodman Benjamin, sohcitor, Howard 

TeiTace 
Y^right Mrs. Mary, Newgate-street 
Y^right Nicholas, timber merchant 
Younsfer Miss Elizabeth, Biid^e End 



CLASSIFICATION OF TEADES AND PEOFESSIONS. 



Academies and Seliools 

Atkinson Jane and Margt. 
boarding Newgate-st 



BoEOUGH, GiELS, Harriet 

Morton 
BoEouGH, Infants, Mary Ann 

Cude 



Clemetsous Eobt. Percy-court 
GeamjIab School, Chantry- 
place, T. W. Gibson 
Morchie Ellen, Bridge End 



BOROUGH Oi? MORPETH CLASSIFIED BIRKCTORY. 



pRESETTERN. School, Bridge 

End, Duncan McCorkindle 
St. James's, National, New- 

gate-st. L. Biggs and Ellen 

Berry 
St. Kobeet's, Catholic, 

Oldgate 

Attorneys 

Brumell Greo. and Francis, 

and clerks to the county, 

etc. Bridge-street 
Charlton Anthony, Bridge-st 
Swan Charles S. Bridge-st 
Wilkinson Wm., Bridge-st.; 

ho. Newgate-street 
Woodman William, and town 

clerk, Newgate-street 

Bankers 

Lambton & Co. Newgate-st 
James Johling, agent 

Northumberland and Dur- 
ham District Bank, 
Newgate-street, Stephen 
Wilkinson, manager 

Sayings Bank, King-street, 
Kev. Thos. Finch, actuary, 
open on Wednesdays from 
11 a.m. to 1 p.m. 

Blacksmiths 

Bates Armstrong,BackEiggs 
Bates Charles, Back Biggs 
Carse Eobt. Corporation Yd 
Hunter "NVm. Market-place 
Mars Edvvard, Bridge-street 
Sterling George, Bullers 

Green 
Watson James, Hope and 

Anchor Yard 
Young Wilham, Oldgate-st 

Bookssilers, Printers, 

Stationers, &c. 

Creighton Hugh, Bridge-st 

Flint George, Bridge-street 

Mackey James, Bridge-street 

Boot and Shoemakers 

Atkinson Thos. Newgate-st 
Bones John, Oldgate 
Brown Thos. Wansheck-ter 
Burn Robert D. Newgate-st 
CressAvell James, Oldgate-st 
Dixon John, Union-street 
Dobson John,^ Market-place 
Grieves John,Buller's Green 
Gustard John, Newgate-st 



Hedley William, Bridge-st 
Mcpherson James, Uniou-st 
Phillips Matthew, Market-pl 
Smails Robert, Newgate-st 
Stewart Charles, Oldgate 
Thompson Geo. Newgate-st 
Warner Robert, Bridge-st 

Braziers and Plumbers 
Cranston Thos. Newgate-st 
Daglish Robert, Newgate-st 
Henderson John, Newgate-et 

Brewers and Malsters 
Brewis Hannah, Oldgate-st 
Fenwick RobtAndrew, & Co. 
Wellway 

Brick and Tile Manufacturers 

Anderson Geo. Cottingwood 
King Thomas, Newgate-st 

Bntclisrs 
Ashton Zaccheus R. New- 
gate-street 
Challoner Edw. Newgate-st 
Challoner Geo. Newgate-st 
Chirney Geo. and Joseph, 

Bridge- street 
Corry Ralph and Joseph, 

Bridge-gtreet 
Dixon John, Market-place 
Dixon John, Bell's Yard 
Jackson Robert, Newgate-st 
Partis Ann, Newgate-street 
Pattison Joseph, Bridge-st 
Purdy Samuel, Bridge-street 
Stoker John^ Biidge-street 

Chemists and Brnggists 
C r ei gh ton Wil 1 i am , Bri d ge-st 
Hood James, Newgate-st 
Lewins Robert, Market-place 

Clog and Patten Makers 
Dobson John, Market-place 
Fairley William, Newgate-st 
Jackson Geo. M. Newgate-st 
Little Thomas, Newgate-st 
Ralph Stephen, Newgate-st 
Watson Yv'^illiam, Bridge-st 

Confectioners 

Ashton Hannah, Newgate-st 
Davison Mary, Bridge-st 
Hodgson Francis, Bvidge-sl 
Hudson Isabella, Newgate-st 
King Sarah, Mai'ket-place 



Coopers 

Esther Henry, Market-place 
Henderson Humphrey, 

Bridge-street 
Oliver John, Bridge-street 

Corn Millers 
Appleby John, Abbey Mills 
Johling James, East Mill, 

Newgate-street 
NicholsonEphraim,DamSide 
Scott Jane, Wansbeck-place 
Teat Andrew, Stubble Hill 
Thew Joseph, Back Riggs 

Curriers and Leather Cutters 
Thew Joseph, Back Riggs 
Thompson James, Dam Side 
Watson YViiham, Bridge-st 

Byers 
Kay Alexander, Newgate-st 
Saint James, Bridge-street 

Farmers 
Aynsley Michael, Castle 
Anderson Geo. Gottingv/ood 
AtheyJohn,Y/estHigh House 
Crawford Thomas, Bridge-st 
Hopper Ann, Bridge-street 
Jobbing James and Robert, 

Newgate-street 
King Thomas, Newgale-st 
Winship Yvm. and yeoman, 

Bridge-street 

Eellinongers & Skinners 
Longstaff Thos. Dam Side 
Thornton Anthony, New- 
gate-street 
Walker John, Bailer's Green 

TiiQ and Life Offices 

Argus, Life, William Wil- 
kinson, Bridge-street 

County, Fire, Anthony 
Charlton, Bridge-street 

Farmer's, Fire & Life, W. 
Creighton, Bridge-street 

General, James Hood, New- 
gate-street 

Monarch, Fire & Life, G. 
1 lint, Bridge-street 

NoRwicFi Union, W. Wood- 
man, Newgate-street 

PnouL-ENT, Life, A. Chai-1- 
ton. Bridge-street 

Sun, Fiue, W, Wilkinson, 
Bridge-street 



I 



756 



MORPETH WARD— YfEST DIVISION. 



Unity, Fire, C. S. Swan, 
Bridge-street 

Gardeners and Seedsmen 

Brady John, Newgate-street 
Carse John, Newgate-street 
Charlton George, Oldgate-st 
Horsley Thomas, Darn Side 
Leightley Edw. High Church 
Matheson Kobert, Oldgate 
Noble Wilham, Dam Side 
Patterson Geo. High Church 
Purdy Thos. BuUer's Green 
Percy William, Newgate-st 
Eeid David, Bridge-street 
Eobinson Wm. Back Eiggs 
Smith Joseph, Bridge End 
Watson John, Newgate st 
Watson Ealph, Market-place 



Glass, China, & Earthenware 
Dealer 

Hudson Isabella, Newgate- 
street 

Grocers and Tea Dealers 
Bates John, Newgate-street 
Bates Eobert, Newgate-st 
Chirney Thomas, Market- pi 
Da\dson James, Market-pl 
Grahamsley Wm. Bridge st 
Henderson Jas. Newgate-st 
Hopper Thomas, Bridge-st 
Jobling James, Newgate-st 
Mackey George, Newgate-st 
Nicholson E. Newgate-street 
Turnbull Thos. Market-pl 
Watson Eichard, Newgate-st 

Hair Dressers 
Brown John, Newgate-street 



Smith Dayid, Newgate-street 
Sproat Jas. Newgate street 
Storey John, Bridge-street 

Hard & Smallware Dealers 

Brown John, Newgate-street 
Cresswell James, Newgate-st 
Dixon Henry, Market-place 
Hedley James, Newgate-st 

Hatters 

Black Eachel, Market-place 
Douglas Snowden, Bridge-st 
Eogers John, Market-place 
Storey Andrew, Newgate-st 

Hosiers and Haberdashers 

Dryden Adam, Bridge-street 
Gustard John, Newgate 
Healey J ames, Newgate 



Hotels, Inns, and Taverns 
Black Bull, Ann Pringle, Bridge-street 
Black and Grey, John 0. Schofield, New- 
gate-street 
Black Sivan, Margaret Nicholson, King-st 
Bridge Inn, Michael Dodds, Bridge End 
Earl Grey, William Hunter, Market-place 
Fox and Hounds, Ann Bilton, Newgate-st 
George and Dragon, Isabella Grey, Mar- 
ket-place 
Grey Bull, William Smith, Oldgate-street 
Greyhound, Ann Flint, Newgate-street 
Grey Nag's Head, William Singleton, New- 
gate-street 
Hope and Anchor, Jane McLellan, Bridge- 
street 
Howard's Arms, John Craisley, Bridge-st 
King Crispin, Jane Bennurs, Newgate-st 
King's Head, Joseph Grieves, Bridge-street 
Lord Hood, Adam Gibson, Newgate-street 



New Phcenix, George Eoberts, Bridge-st 
Old Queen's Head, John Mackey, Old- 

gate-street 
Ord's Arms, George Cutter, Peacock Gap 
Pack Horse, George Hedley, Newgate-st 
Phoenix Inn, Septimus Wright, Bridge-st 
Prince Albert, Thomas Longstaff, ParkHill 
Queen's Head Inn, John Braithwaite, Bridge- 
street 
Red Bull, Thomas Hedley, Chantry-place 
Scotch Arms, Henry Esther, Market-place 
Seven Stars, William Green, Bullers Green 
Shoulder of Mutton, Eobert Carr, New- 
gate-street 
Sun Inn, Edward Leightley, High Church 
Turk's Head, Alexander Turner, Market-pl 
Whalebone Inn, Thomas Crawford, Bridge- 
street 
Wheat Sheaf, John Young, Market-place 
White Swan, James Pringle, Newgate-st 



Ironmongers 

Clarke William. iMarket-pl 
Cranston Thomas, Newgate- 
street 
Cresswell James, Newgate-st 
Stevenson Peter, Newgate-st 
Tait James, Bridge-street 

Joiners & Cabinet Makers 

Aynsley Michael, Castle 
Grieves Joseph, Bridge-st 
Haswell W. & G. Bridge-st 
Hudson James, JMarket-pl 
Manners John, Oldgate-st 
Noble Thomas, Newgate st 
Ord John, Bridge End 



Proctor Thomas, Newgate-st 
Eobinson Henry, Oldgate-st 
Stafford Wm. Newgate-street 
Turnbull Chris. Thompson's- 

buildings 
Wilson James, Dogger Bank 

Linen and Woollen Drapers 

Atkinson Wm. Newgate-st 
Bard Bernard, Newgate st 
Douglas Snowdon, Bridge-st 
Dryden Adam, Bridge-street 
Fenwick Eebecca, Briflge-st 
Jobling Thomas, Market-pl 
Mitcheson James, Market-pl 
Paiihn George, Newgate-st 



Eobertson Wm. Newgate-st 
Itutherford Geo. & niilliner, 

Bridge-street 
Ward Bernard, Newgate-st 
Watson Elizab. Bridge-st 
Turnbull John & Alexander, 

Bridge street 

Milliners and Dressmakers 
Brown Elizab. Market-pl 
Fenwick Eebecca, Market-pl 
Haswell the Misses, Mar^ 

ket place 
Hutchinson Dorothy, New- 
gate street 
Marshall Ann, Market-jplft^a 



« 



BOEOUGH OF MORPETH CLASSIFIED DIEECTOET. 



751 



Phaup Esther, Newgate-st 
Phillips Catherine, Market- 
place 
"Watson Elizabeth, Bridge-st 
Ward Sarah, Newgate-street 

Millwrights 
Hunter E, & E. W. and en- 
gineers, Back Eiggs 
Watson WiUiam, Newgate-st 

Painters and Glaziers 

Bowman Thos. A. Bridge-st 
Creighton Hugh, Bridge-st 
Harbottle John, llarket-pl 
Patdson John, Newgate-st 

Physicians 
Donkin Arthur S. Bridge End 

Eobb John, Buller's Cottage 
Trotter William, Newgate-st 

Plumbers and Tin-Plate 
Workers 

Cranston Thos. Newgate-st 
Daglish Eobert, Newgate-st 
Henderson John M. New- 
gate-street 

Saddlers 
Clarke William, Market-pl 
Mackey James, Newgate-st 
Eobson John, Bridge- street 
Stevenson Peter, Newgate-st 
Tate James, Bridge-street 
Thompson Edward, New- 
gate-street 

Shopkeepers 

Barrow Ann, Hill gate 
Bates Michael, Newgate-st 
Chirney Thomas, Market-pl 
Cresswell James, Newgate-st 
Davidson James, Market-pl 
Davidson Thomas, Union-st 
Flint John, Newgate-street 
Grahamsley William, New- 
gate-street 
Grey Mary, Manchester-lane 
Hare Eobert, Bridge-street 
Henderson Humphrey, 
Bridge- street 



Hopper Ann, Bridge-street 
Hunter William, Union-st 
Jamieson Mary, Newgate-st 
King Sarah, Market-place 
Mackey James, Newgate-st 
jMcDowell Barbara, New- 
gate-street 
Morris James, Market-place 
Nicholson Ephraim 
Oliver Mary Ann, Bridge st 
Partiss Henry, Market-place 
Purdy Samuel, Bridge-street 
Ealph Jane, Buller's Green 
Todds Ann, Bridge-street 
Todds Eobert, Bridge-street 
Walton William, Newgaie-st 
Watson Ealph, Market-pl 
Weigham Jane, Manchester- 
lane 

Stonemasons & Builders 

Anderson Geo. Cottingwood 
Beates John, Bridge End 
Brady Ealph, Newgate- street 
Craggs John, Oldgate-street 
King Thomas, Newgate-st 
McKay John, Oldgate-street 
Pbaup Edward, Newgate-st 
Waterson George, Oldgate-st 

Straw Bonnet Makers 
Bard Elizabeth, Newgate-st 
Pearson Mary, Well-way 
Phaup Esther, Newgate-st 
Eobertson Mary, Union-st 
Ward Elizabeth, Newgate-st 
Watson Elizabeth, Bridge-st 
Watson Mary, Newgate-st 

Surgeons 

Brumell Matthew, Newgate- 
street 
Creighton William, Bridge-st 
Gibson Thomas, Green-court 
Hawdon Eobert, Bridge-st 
Hood Eobert, Newgate-st 
O'Connor Maurice Jas. Mar- 
ket-place 
Shute Eobert, Bridge-street 



Surveyors 

Bowman Thomas, Bridge 

End 
Oldfield Isaac, Market-place 
White Thomas, Bridge End, 

and surveyor to the Local 

Board of Health 

Tailors 

Marked * are also Drapers. 

Bowman Wilhara, Percy-ct 
Brewis Samuel, Oldgate 
Dixon William, Market-pl 
Hall Geo. Manchester-lane 
Lyon George, Newgate-st 

* Morris James, Market-pl 
Wallace Eichard, Newgate-st 

* Watson John, Bridge-street 

Tallow Chandler 

Creighton Hugh, Newgate-st 

Tanners 
Lyons William, Hillgate-st 
Swan Thomas, Bridge-street 
Thornton Anthony, Newgate- 
street 

Veterinary Surgeons 

Boag M. W. Bridge-street 
Watson James & Sons 

"Watch and Clock Makers 

Craig John, Newgate-street 
Esther Henry, Market-place 
Taylor John, Newgate-street 

Wheelwrights 

Grey George, Oldgate-street 
Harbottle Thos. Oldgate-st 
Hudson James, Market-pl 
Wright Henry, Oldgate 

Wine and Spirit Merchants 

Jobling & Mackey, Market- 
place 
Eoberts George. Bridge-st 

Woollen Manufacturers 

Ashton Thos. Abbey Mill 
Saint James, Morpeth Mill 



Public Institutions, Societies, &c. 

Assembly Eooms, Market-place 

Board of Guardians' Meeting Eoom, 

Newgate-street. George Brumell, clerk 

County Jail, Bridge End. Eobert Hilary 

Clough, governor; Eev. Thomas Finch, 

chaplain ; Eobert Hawdon, surgeon 



Dispensary, Green-court, Thomas Gibson* 

surgeon 
Inland Eevenue Office, Bridge-street 
Mechanical <t Scientific Institution, 
Market-place. The Earl of Carlisle, pa- 
tron ; Sir John Edward Swinburne, Bart, 
president ; Mr. Thos. Bowman, treasurer 



i 



758 



HOEPETII WARD WEST DI7IST0N. 



Mondays, Turk's Head 
Fe'ion, George Mackey, Fridays, Pack 

Horse 
Long Horsley, Kalph Carr and W. Bell, 

Wednesdays, Pack Horse 
Middleton, John Turner, Wednesdays, 

Fox and Hounds 
Netherton, Thomas Dixon, Fridays, Earl 

Grey ■ 

Newcastle, J. Hedley, Tuesdays, Thursdays,! 

and Saturdays, Pack Horse I 

North Shields, John Lennox, Yy^eduesdays^J 

King's Head 1 

Eothhiiry, Walter Eamsey, Fridays, Pack 

Horse 
Whalton, Joseph Woolmich, Wednesdays, J 

Fox and Hounds I 

Wingate, Ptohert Turner, Wednesdays, Grey '' 

Nag's Head 
Wittingham, Eobert Ord, Fridays, Earl 

Grey 
IVooler, John David, Wednesdays, Scotch 

Arms I 



Mr. W. Blair and Mr. W. Creigh- 
ton, secretaries, and Mr. W. Wilson, 
librarian 

Eeading Room, Bridge-street, Mr. George 
Eoberts, secretary and treasurer 

Museum, Fulling Mill, Thomas Longstaff, 
proprietor 

Post Office, Newgate-street, James Job- 
ling, postmaster 

Race Course, Cottingwood 

Savings Bank, Union-street 

Stamp Office, Newgate-street, Mr. Wood- 
man, distributor 

Town Hall, Market-place 

Union Workhouse, Newgate-street, W". 
Robinson, master ; Magdalen Eobinson, 
matron 

Water Works, the Commons 

Carriers to the followiag Places 
"\Yitli the Inns they call at. 

Alnioicli, W. Graham, daily, George and 

Dragon 
Camho, J. Lennox, Fridays, King's Head 
Elsdon and Otterhurn, Walter Best, 

Conveyance by Eailway. — York, Newcastle, and Berwick Railway Station, StubbhiU 
Edward Thompson, station master 

Bdller s Geeen is a township forming part of tlie town of Morpeth. It 
contains 363 acres, and the rateable value is £326. The population in ISOl 
was 24-1 ; in 1811, 276 ; in 1821, 265 ; in 1831, 203 ; in 1841, 169 ; and 
in 1851, 237 inhabitants. For Directory, see Morpeth. 

Hepscott, a township and small village in the above parish, but locall 
situated in the eastern division of Castle Ward, contains an area of 1,594 
acres, and its rateable value is £862 9s. Its population in 1801, was 135 ; 
in 1811, 139; in 1821, 184; in 1831, 179; in 3841, 183; and in 1851, 
208 souls. The Village of Hepscott is situated two miles south-east of 
Morpeth, on the borders of Bedlingtonsliire. For Directory, see Morpeth. 

Moepeth Castle is a township in this parish, and with Catchburn and 
Parkhouse contains 1,491 acres. The rateable value is £4,301 10s., and the 
number of inhabitants in 1801, was 137; in 1811, 148 ; in 1821, 153 ; in 
1831, 189 ; in 1841, 145 ; and in 1851, 171 souls. Catchbubn is a hamlet 
and estate in this township, situated two miles south of Morpeth, the property 
of the Earl of Carlisle. There w^as formerly an hospital here erected under 
the patronage of Roger, the second Lord Merley. Paek House is also an 
estate and hamlet in this township, situated three-quarters of a mile east of 
Morpeth, on the south side of the Wansbeck. Stob Hill is a hamlet in this 
township, three-quarters of a mile south-east of Morpeth. For Directory, 
see Morpeth. 

Inewmtxster Abbey is a township in Morpeth parish, and obtains its 
designation from a fine Cistercian Abbe}', whose ruins still remain. It con- 
tains 717 acres, the property of Wilhcim Ord, Esq., and its rateable value 



i 



MORPETH PAEISH. TSt) 

-is £1,6S8 15s. Population iu 1801, 5T ; in 181 1, 73 ; in 18'21, 79 ; in 1831, 
121; in 1841, 107^ and in 1851, 125 souls. Newminster Abbey was 
founded in the year 1138, by Ralph de Merley, and was. by bim dedicated in 
honour of the Blessed Virgin Mary, for Cistercian Monks. It was endowed 
by the founder with a large tract of land and woods that surrounded it on 
each side of the Wansbeck, and with part of his wife's inheritance at Ritton 
and Witton. Besides its founder and the succeeding barons of Morpeth, the 
Abbey roU enumerated many other noble benefactors, as the Bertrams of 
Mitford, the barons of Bolpaii and Bolbeck, the great families of Umfraville 
and Boos, as also those of Widdrington, Conyers, Morwick, Fenwick, Plessis, 
Cambo, Thornton, &c., by whose means it soon acnuired considerable revenues. 
Grievous depredations were committed upon its property by the array of 
David, King of Scotland. A deed, by which Louis de Beaumont, Bishop of 
Durham, appropriated the rectory of Stanniugton to the monks of Newminster, 
describes their condition as exceedingly deplorable. The frequent resort to 
them of the royal army, and of noblemen and others, both from England 
and Scotland, was represented as exceedingly burdensome. The abbot was 
summoned to the parliament held at Carlisle, in 1307. At the Dissolution 
the abbey had fifteen monks, and possessions amounting to the yearly value 
■of £100 8s. Id. according to Dugdale ; and to £140 10s. 4d. according to 
Speed.- King James I. granted its site to Robert Brandling, and it is now 
in the j)ossession of William Ord, Esq. Every vestige of this f?ne ed^/Bce 
has disappeared with the exception of the entrance gateway, wbuh is row 
carefully preserved. This township is situated on the north side of the Wa^.is- 
beck, half a mile west of Morpeth. Eor Directory, see Morpeth. 

Si-iiLviiNGTON, a township and hamlet in this parish, but locally situated in 
the western division of Castle Ward, contains 1,497 acres, the property of the 
Rev. Edward C. Ogle, of Kirkley Hall. Its population in 1801, w^as 96 ; in 
1811, 114; m 1821, 110; in 1831, 101; in 1841, 92; and in 1851, 63 
souls, The Hamlet of Shilvington is situated four miles south-west of 
Morpeth. 

DiEECTORY. — James Hume, blacksmith; and the farmers are Robert Lamb, 
Broad Law ; Charlton Vfatson, West House ; and John Watson, Watch Hill. 

Tranwell and High Church township contains 1,220 acres, and its 
rateable value is £719 3s. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 
50; in 1811, 68; in 182 J, 78; in 1831,64; in 1841,55; and in 1851, 
68 souls. The Haimlet of High Church is situated half a mile from Morpeth, 
and contains the parish church, rectory, and a few dwelling houses. The 
Hamlet of Tranwell is two miles south-west of Morpeth, with which place its 
Directory is included. 

TwizELL is a township in Morpeth parish, though locally situated in the 
western division of Castle Ward. It is about five and three-quarter miles 
south-west by west of Morpeth, and contains 758 acres, the property of the 
Rev. E. C. Ogle. Its rateable value is £612. The population in 1801, was 
37; in 1811, 36; in 1821, 38; in 1831,50; in 1841,45; and in 1851,46 
souls. A small church, or chapel, was erected here in 1845, at the expense 



760 MORPETH WARD— WEST DIVISION. 

of the lateEev. J. S, Ogle, D.D. It is a neat stone edifice, capable of accom- 
modating about 125 persons, and is attended by the cm-ate of Moi^petli. 

Directory,— William Bell, farm steward, Thorneyford ; Ptobert Bewick, 
farmer, Twizell Farm ; Samuel Davidson, joiner and house carpenter, Ogle 
Cottage; and John Swan, farmer, Startup. 



NETHER WITTON PAROCHIAL CHAPELRY. 

This Chapelry comprises the townships of Coat Yards, Ewesley, Healey 
and Comb Hill, Nether Witton, Nunnykirk, Ritton, and Colt Park, and 
Ritton White House. It is bounded by the parishes of Rothbuiy, Long 
Horsley, and Hartburn, to the latter of which it is annexed for ecclesiastical 
purposes, and cousists chiefly of a line rich vale, which comprises an area of 
7,723 acres. Its population "in 1801, was 494; in 1811, 439; in 1821, 460 ; 
in 1831, 520; in 1841, 464; and in 1851, 489 souls. 

Coat Yards is a township situated eleven miles north-west by west of 
Morpeth. It contains 235 acres, and its rateable value is £140. The number 
of inhabitants in 1801, was 20; in 1811, 15 ; iu 1821, 14; in J 831, 20; m 
1841, 20 ; and in 1851, 6 souls. The principal resident is Jacob Aynsley, 
farmer. 

Ewesley township is about eleven miles W.N.W. of Morpeth, and com- 
prises an area of 932 acres, the property of William Ord, Esq. Its rateable 
value is £435. Population in 1801, 39 ; in 1811, 31 ; in 1821, 26 ; in 1831, 
22: in 1841, 20; and in 1851, 18 souls. This township is occupied by- 
Jacob Aynsley, farmer. 

Healey and Comb Hill form a township ten and a half miles W.N.W. of 
Morpeth, and contain 866 acres of land, the rateable value of which is 
£315 10s. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 37 ; in 1811, 34 ; in 
1821, 43 ; in 1831, 44 ; in 3 841, 36 ; and in 1851, 31 souls. The principal 
residents are Mary Anderson, farmer and miller, Healey Mill ; Ralph Dodds, 
shoemaker, Healey Green; Ann and Thomas HaU, farmers, Healey ; and John 
Thompson, farmer, Healey North Farm. 

Nether Witton is a township aud village in the chapelry of the same 
name, the property of R. Trevelyan, Esq. The territorial extent of the 
township is 3,914 acres, and its rateable value £1,707. Its population in 
1801, was 309 ; m 1811, 277 ; in 1821, 277 ; in 1831, 329 ; in 1841, 295 ; 
and in 1851, 303 souls. The manor was formerly the property of the 
celebrated Roger Thornton, who dying in 1429, was succeeded by his son, Sir 
Roger Thornton, whose only daughter and heiress having espoused Lord 
Lumley, of Lumley Castle, transferred the estate to that family. We find itj 
again the property of the Thorntons from 1552 till the demise of James* 
Thornton, Esq,, whose two daughters and co-heiresses were espoused by 
Walter Trevelyan. Esq., and one of the Witham family, but it is now the pro- 
perty of the proprietor above-mentioned. 

Tm^ Village of Netlier Witton is situated eight miles W.N.W, of Morpeth. 



i 



NETHBR WITTON PAEOCHIAL CHAPELEY. 



'61 



The Chapel is a neat structure dedicated to St. Giles, and its register com- 
mences in 1696. The living is in the patronage of the vicar of Hartburn ; 
incumbent, the Rev. Richard Wearing. Nether Wition Hall, the seat of 
R. Treveljan, Esq., is a fine freestone edifice, occupying a pleasant situation 
north of the village. 

Charity. — Cuthbert Fenwick, of Coat Yards, gave to the chapelry of 
Nether Witton, the sum of ten shillings per annum towards the education of 
poor children for ever. At the time of the Charity Commissioners' report 
this was not paid. 



Post Office. Nether Witton. — Adam Oliver, postmaster.' 
Morpeth, at 13 noon, and are despatched thereto at 1 p.m. 



-Letters arrive, from 



Dunn David, stonemason 

Dunn Matthew, stonemason and builder 

Dunn Mary, milliner and dressmaker 

Dunn Ealph, shoemaker 

Dunn Thomas, shoemaker and shopkeeper 

Green William, wood turner 

Laughton Joseph, woollen manufacturer 

Oliver Adam, schoolmaster 
^nqwball Joseph, land agent 

Sprout John, timber merchant 
^Dmut Kobert, timber merchant 

"S'to'Ser William, blacksmith 



Trevelyan Raleigh, Esq. The Hall 
Wardle Mary, shopkeeper 
Wearing Rev. Richard, incumbent 
White Ann, \ict. Red Lion 

Farmers 
Burn John, Nether Witton Bams 
Dixon Ralph, Gallow Hill 
Hedley James, Shelly 
Hindmarsh Percival, Bellion 
Percival John, Doehill 
Nicholl George, Longlee 



NuNNY Kirk township is situated two miles N.N.W. of Nether Whitton, 
and contains 111 acres, the property of Charles William Ord, Esq. The 
rateable value is iB120, and the number of inhabitants in 1801, was 7 ; in 
1811, 8; in ]82l, 13; in 1831, 16; in 1841, 17; and in 1851,24 souls. 
NuNNYKiRK Hall, the seat and property of C. W. Ord, Esq., is a magnificent 
stone building, situated in a romantic vale, embowered in wood, and enlivened 
by the meandering streams of the Font. 

Directory. — Charles William Ord, Esq., The Hall ; Robert Forster, 
gardener; and James Hume, farm manager. 

RiTTON Colt Park is a township ten miles north-west by west of Morpeth. 
Its area is 1,029 acres, and its rateable value £713 Os. Population in 1801, 
52; in 1811, 56 ; in 1821, 64; in 1831, 58 ; in 1841, 50 ; and in 1851, 88 
souls. R. Trevelyan, Esq. is the proprietor. The principal inhabitants 
are Isabella Jackson, vict. Three Half Moons ; James Temple, colliery 
owner, shopkeeper, and draper (Temple and Hedley), Birkhead Moor; Andrew 
Tate, farmer, Ritton. 

RiTTON White House is a township situated twelve and a half miles 
north-west by north of Morpeth, and the property' of R. Trevelyan, Esq. It 
contains 636 acres, and its rateable value is i^37i 13s. The number of its 
inhabitants in 1801, was 30 ; in 1811, 18 ; in 1821, 23 ; in 1831, 31 ; in 
1841, 26; and in 1851, 19 souls. Mary and William Potts, formers, are 
the principal residents. 



5^6,^ 



TIKDALE WAED, 



INDALE WARD. 



TiNDALE Wahd, the 



largest 



of the six wards of North aroherlaiid, com- 



pr 



the market towns of AHendale, BelKngba^ji. Corbridge, Haltwhistle, 



Hexham, and Stamfordham, ai]d is divided into five divisions, within the 
limits of which are comprehended twenty-seven parishes, three parochial 
chapelries, and five ex era -parochial places, whose miited area is 506,833 
statule acres. The population in 1801, was 33,256; in 1841,44,233; and 
in 135 1, 47,440. The subjoined table shows the names of the parishes, their 
acreage, number of houses, and population in 1851 : — 



PAEISHES, &c. 



Allendale 

Bellingham 

Birtley 

Black Carts 

Byv.-ell, St. Andrew. 
By we 11, St. Peter .. 

Chollerton 

Corbridge 

Corsenside 

Falstone 

Grey stead 

Haltvfhistle 

Haydon 

Heidon-on-the-Wall 

Hexham 

Kirkliarle 

Kirk 11 aiigh 

Kirkheaton 

Kirkv.'helpington .. 

Knaresdale 

Lanibley 

Master's Close 

Newbrougli 

Ovingham > 

Ramshope 

Shotley 

Simonburn 

Slaley 

Stamfordham 

St. John Lee 

Thockrington 

Thorneyburn 

Warden 

AVark 

Whitfield 



Acres. 


Hone s. 


POPULATION- 


Males. 


Females. 


Total. 


37.2G7 


1,132 


3,286 


3,097 


6,383 


20,211 


487 


793 


801 


1,594 


0,720 


96 


205 


223 


428 




4 


12 


11 


23 


0,512 


85 


244 


236 


480 


17.784 


300 


877 


797 


1,674 


12,950 


234 


575 


576 


1,151 


13,130 


430 


1,084 


1,079 


2,163 


11,132 


230 


291 


288 


579 


57,700 


96 


306 


250 


502 


18,003 


41 


136 


115 


251 


55,229 


1,030 


2,758 


2,621 


5,879 


13,088 


403 


1,027 


1,058 


2,085 


4,663 


163 


393 


420 


813 


27,973 


953 


3,095 


3,442 


6,537 


8,290 


34 


99 


71 


170 


6,665 


54 


166 


119 


285 


1,760 


33 


82 


71 


153 


13,351 


148 


322 


357 


679 


7,144 


136 


565 


352 


917 


2,698 


64 


213 


152 


365 




2 


7 


9 


16 


6,705 


103 


290 


261 


551 


15,740 


778 


2,061 


1,901 


3,962 


1,010 


1 


8 


5 


13 


12.460 
13,372 


229 
214 


628 
515 


59.9 
565 


1,227 
1,080 


7,430 


131 


283 


298 


581 


18,089 


364 


882 


889 


1,781 


15,090 


394 


1,029 


1,044 


2,073 


6,943 


39 


90 


83 


173 


20,133 


62 


179 


161 


340 


3,122 


113 


338 


308 


646 


22,986 


193 


438 


427 


865 


12,125 


64 


184 


156 


340 



TINDALE WARD. 763 

This district is bounded on the north by Coquetdale Ward, on the vrest by Cum- 
berland and Scotland, on the south by Durham and a part of Cumberland, and 
on the east by Morpeth and Castle Wards. Its average length from east 
to west is about thirty miles, and its breadth from north to south twenty- 
eight miles. It contains a great variety of soil and aspect, rich and cultivated 
lands being found in the middle and eastern parts, while the rest of the ward 
is very wild and mountainous, covered with heath, and producing abundance 
of lead ore, excellent stone, coal, limestone, and other minerals. It is inter- 
sected by the rivers Tyne, Allen, Devil Water, and Keed, besides a great 
number of smaller streams, or burns, which flow in every direction. There 
are also ses'eral lakes or loughs as Greenlee, Broomley, Little Cow, Grindon, 
and Crag Lough. 

CHARITIES OF TINDALE WARD. 

Date Donors and nature of gifts. To what places & purposes applied. Annual value. 

1599. Hexham Grammar School (rent and 

interest) ^21 17 3 

Alrashoiise Hexham, (rent (feinterest) 6 3 7 

1617. John Shield (rent charge) Allendale parish — poor 10 

Poor's Money (interest) Allendale parish — poor 1 15 

16o4. Mabel Ord (interest) ..Hexham — poor 5 

1637. Jane Lawson (rent charge) Hexham — 40 poor widows on ^ 

Good Friday 2 

1863. Sir T. Widdrington (rent) Stamfordham parish school . . 200 

] 675. James Cresswell (rent) Hexham — poor 8 

1679. Mary Fenwick (rent) Hexham — apprenticing poor . . 19 17 2 

1679. Giles Heron (rent) School at Wark — poor of the 

parish of Simonburn on All 
Saints'-day, and Good Friday 

and apprenticing 180 

Nicholas Wilkinson (rent charge) . . Whitfield parish — poor 6 10 

1680. Ursula Monntney (rent charge) .... Warden parish — poor 3 

William Errington (interest) Warden parish — poor 1 

1680. Ursula Monntney (rent charge) .... St. John Lee parish — poor .... 2 10 

1080. Ursula Mountney (rent charge) .... Hexham — poor 3 

1680. Ursula Mountney (rent charge) .... Corbridge parish — poor 1 

1680. Ursula Mountney (rent charge) .... ChoUerton parish — poor 2 

] 685. Eev. J. Shaftoe (rent) Master of school at Dean Eaw, 

Haydon Bridge 10 

1688. Dame E. Eadcliffe (rent charge) Slaley parish — poor 2 

1688. Dame E. Eadchfie (rent charge) .... Corbridge parish — poor 10 

1688. Dame E. Eadcliffe (rent charge) .... By well, St. Peter's parish — poor 400 

Matthew CaiT (rent charge) Slaley parish — poor 5 

Esther Allgood (rent charge) Slaley parish — poor 1 10 

1692. John Coulson (rent charge) Hexham — •poor 1 

1692. W. Hutchinson and C. Wilkinson 

(rent) Allendale Grammar School .... 62 5 

1693. Teasdale and Fenwick (rent charge) Bywell, St. Peter's parish — poor 1 10 

1698. Henry Paston (rent charge) Stamfordham parish — poor.... 12 

1699. Edward Fletcher (dividends) Ovingham parish — poor 2 

1699. Ann Eadcliffe (rent charge) Hexham — poor and apprenticing 20 



Carried forward ^604 17 1] 

3 A 



T64 TINDALE WAED. 

Brought forward ........ £604 1711 

1699. Ann Badoliffe (rent charge) Corbridge parish — poor and ap- 
prenticing 20 

Copyhold Allotment (rent) Hexham — poor 2 10 

1706. Eev. Robert Troutbeek (rent) Parish of Corbridge andChapeky 

of Plalton— poor 33 2 6 

1707. John Blackett (dividends) Ovingham parish— poor on All 

Saints' Day 6 

1709. M. & D. Allgood (interest) ..;* u .. Hexham,— poor 400 

Johnson and Forbes (rent) .... i ... Hexham — poor 800 

1710. Nicholas Ridley (rent charge) Haltwhistle parish — poor .... 2 

Thomas Howden (rent charge) .... Hexham, twenty poor widows.. 10 

1717. Rev; George Ritschell (rent charge) Fortypoor widows of parish of St. 

John, Newcastle, the like of 
the city of Carlisle, and the 
like of township of Hexham 
Is. each on St. Thomas's-day, 
poor of Whiteley and parish of 
Slaley £2.; and Society of sons 
of clergy at Newcastle, £2... 10 

1720. Ann Wilson (rent charge) Allendale parish — ^poorof Keenly 

Quarter 10 

Nine Banks School, Allendale parish (rent charge) 1 

1725. Anthony Surtees (interest) Ovingham parish, aged poor men 

and women and fatherless 

children i 2 10 

1729. M. Cart (rent charge) Slaley parish School 3 10 

1730. J. Reed (interest) Bellingham School 12 

Bywell, St. Andrew's Parish School (rent charge) 8 

Fenwick and others (interest) Bywell St. Andrew's parish — 

poor .; 1 2 

1740. Thomas Rawe (rent charge) Bywell St. Peter's parish — poor 5 

1748. Ann Johnson (interest) Hexham — poor on 26th July. . 2 15 

1759. John Stephenson (rent charge) .... Kirkhaugh parish, eight poor 

widows, equally ...;.;.-.., 2 

1759. John Stephenson (rent) Knaresdale parish eight poor 

widows, equally .... .... 2 

1764. Robert Andrews (rent charge) .... Hexham poor not receiving rehef 2 10 
1764. Robert Andrews (rerit charge) .... St. John Lee parish — poor not 

receiving relief 1 10 

1771. M. Vernol (rent charge) St. John Lee Parish School . . 10 

i790. John Robson (rent charge) Haltwbistle parish — poor .... 3 

1796. A. Young (interest) Shotley Parish School 4 4 

1798. J. Gibson (rent charge) Corbridge parish, Halton School 4 

1719. Lady Capel (rent) , Haltwhistle, Lady Capel's School 37 10 

1800. Robson & Brown (rent chargfe) .... Corbridge paiish, twenty poor in- 
habitants 4 

1812. Rev. Abraham Brown (interest) .... Chapelry of AVhitley — poor and 

chapel school, one moiety each 9 

Dixon and others (rent) Hexham, minister and poor of 

High and Middle quarters . . 11 

1815. Christopher Gregson (rent charge) .. Ovingham pai'ish — poor ...... 4 4 

Unknown (rent charge) Kirkhaugh parish — education.. 2 10 



Total............ ^£819 11 11 



TINDALE WARD— EAST DIVISION. 765 



TINDALE WARD.— EAST DIVISION. 



BYWELL ST. ANDREW'S PARISH. 

Btwell St. Andrew's is a small parish, extending along both sides of the 
Tjne, from Corbridge to the village of Bywell, where the churches of this, 
and the adjoining parish of Bywell St. Peter, are situated. It comprises 
the townships of Beal, Broomhaugh, Riding, Stocksfield Hall, and Stj^ford, 
whose united area is 3,512 acres. The population of the parish in 1801, 
was 402; in 1811, 498; in 1821, 399; in 1831, 436; in 1841, 452; and 
in 1851, 480 souls. For the village of By well, see Bywell St. Peter's parish, 
page 767. 

Beal is a township and hamlet, the property of W. B. Beaumont, Esq., 
who is also lord of the manor. The area of the township is 421 acres, and its 
rateable value £618 15s. 6d. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 69; 
in]811,62; in 1821, 56; inl831,70; in 1841,36; and in 1851, 48 souls. 
The Hamlet of Beal is situated about four miles east of Corbridge, and the 
principal resident is John Angus, farmer. 

Broomhaugh is a township and small village, the property of Charles B. 
Grey, Esq., W. B. Beaumont, Esq., Jacob Wilson, Esq., and the Executors 
of John Shields, Esq. The township contains 800 acres, and its rateable 
value is £928 8s. 2d. Population in 1801,93; in 1811, 105; in 1821, 116; 
in 1831, 115 ; in 1841, 100 ; and in 1851, 134 souls. It is intersected by 
the Newcastle and Carlisle railway. The Village of Broomhaugh is situated 
three miles south-east of Corbridge. Here is a school which was endowed, 
in 1851, with a sum of £38 per annum, by the landed proprietors of the neigh- 
bourhood. 

Directory. — Rev. Joseph Jacques ; Martin Cook, shoemaker ; W^illiam 
Johnson, gardener; John Newbiggin, shopkeeper ; Sarah Richardson, grocer; 
George Soulsby, merchant tailor ; and the farmers are Mary Burdis; Priscilla 
Marshall; and John Temperley, 

Riding is a township and hamlet, the property of Charles B. Grey, Esq., 
Jacob Wilson, Esq., Mr. John Blackburn, of Riding Hills, and Lord Charles 
Beauclerc. The township comprises an area of 1,007 acres, and its ra,teable 
value is £1,090. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 105 ; in 1811, 
139; in 1821, 135; inl831,151; in 1841, 132; and in 1851, 141 souls. 
The Newcastle and Carlisle railway passes through this township. The 
Village of Riding is situated at the point where the Watling Street inter- 
sects the north road from Newcastle to Hexham, three and tln-ee-quarter 
miles south-east by south of Corbridge. Here is a station upon the Newcastle 
and Carlisle Railway, Matthew Robson, station master. 

Directory. — John Blackburn, yeoman, Riding Hills ; Cuthbert Dixon, 



766 TINDALE WARD—EAST DIVISION. 

joiner and cartvvright ; Margaret Havelock, publican ; John Jemsons, smith ; 
Miss Caroline Loraine ; and tlie farmers are Archibold Little ; and Eobert 
PJchardson, 

Stocksfield Hall township is situated five and a half miles E.S.E. of 
Corhridge, on the south side of the Tyne, opposite to Bjwell, and is the pro- 
T)erty of W. B. Beaumont, Esq., who is also lord of the manor. It comprises 
811 acres, and the rateable value is £555. Its population in 1801, was 24 ; 
in 1811, 26 ; in 1821, 23 ; in 1831, 35 ; in 1841, 29 ; and in 1851, 27 
souls. Stocksfjeld Hall, the building which gives name to the township, is 
a substantial and respectable farm house, the residence of Messrs. John and 
Edward Lee. 

DiRECTOEY. — George Ellison, farmer. Lead Hill ; and John and Edward 
Lee, farmers, Stocksfield Hall, 

Styford is a township and hamlet, the property of Charles B. Grey, Esq., 
wdio is also the possessor of the manorial rights and privileges. The township 
contains 973 acres, and its rateable value is £1,291. The number of inhabi- 
tants in 1801, was 11 1 ; in 1811, 96 ; in 1821, 69; in 1831, 65 ; in 1841, 104 ; 
and in 1851, 84 souls. The Hamlet of Styford is on the north bank of 
the Tyne, two and three-quarter miles south-east of Corbridge. Styford 
Hall, the seat of Charles B. Grey, Esq., is a plain substantial building, 
pleasantly situated near the Tyne, and is surrounded with extensive grounds, 
on all sides but the south, wdiere a beautiful plain extends to the river's 
bEtnk. 

Directory. — Charles B. Grey, Esq., Styford Hall ; James Oliver, bailiff; 
Thomas Pace, joiuer; John Stevenson, gardener, Styford Hall; and the 
farmers are John Leadbitter, Brocks Bushes ; and Bichard Shanks, High 
Barns. 

BYWELL ST. PETER'S PARISH. 

Byv\/'ell St. Peter's is a parish comprising the townships of East Acomb, 
iVpperley, Broomley, Bywell St. Andrew and St. Peter, Espershields with 
Millshields, High Fotherly, Healy, Newlands, Newton, Nerwton Hall, Stelling, 
and the chapelry of Whittonstall. It is bounded by the parishes of Corbridge, 
Slaley, Ovingham, and Shotley, and a part of the county of Durham, and 
contains an area of 17,784 acres. Its population in 1801, w^as J, 303; in 
1811, 1,317; inl821, 1,406; in 1831, 1,478 ; in 1841, 1,512 ; andin 1851, 
1,674 souls. A portion of this parish is very fertile, with a beautifully diversi- 
fied surface, but the remainder consists of wild moors, of which about 2,979 
acres were enclosed in 1817-18, pursuant to an act of parliament, obtained^ 
in 1812. ": 

Acomb (East) towmship is situated one mile north of Bywell, and contains 
an area of 391 acres, the property of W. B. Beaumont, Esq., who is also > 
lord of the manor. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 23; in 1811,.'.| 
42; in 1821,51; in 1841, 37; and in 1851, 53 souls. The rateable value*; 
is £425, and the principal resident is George Woodman, farmer. 



BYWELL ST. PETEIl"^ PARISH. 707 

Appeeley is a township the property of R. S. Surtees, Esq. It contains 429 
acres, and the rateable value is £338. Population in 1831, '^3 ; in 1841, 34 ; and 
in 1851, 38 souls. Apperley was formerly considered to be an extra-parochial 
jDlace, but is now included in the returns for this parish. It is situated 
about two and a half miles south by east of Bywell, and consists of one farm, 
which is occupied by John Browell, farmer. 

Broomley is a township and small village, the property of Mr. Wrightson 
and W. B. Beaumont, Esq., who are also lords of the manor. The township 
contains 3,459 acres, and its rateable value is £2,614. The number of in- 
habitants in 1801, was 260 ; in 1811, 318; in 1821, 354 ; in 1831,345 ; in 
1841, 314 ; and in 1851, 409 souls. The Village of Broomley is situated 
one mile and three quarters south-west of Bywell. Horse Close, is a 
hamlet in this township, one mile and three quarters south-east of Bywell. 
Ridley (Old, and Nevv"), are also two hamlets in Broomley township, about 
two miles south of Bywell. 

Post Office, Stocksfield Station, Jolin Eobson, Postmasfer — Letters arrive, from 
Newcastle and Gateshead, at 11-46 a.m., and are despatched thereto at 4-3 L lo.m. There 
is a second despatch to Gateshead at 9-8 p.m. Letters are taken for delivery per foot 
post at 31-15 a.m. to Bywell, Peepy, Newton, Newton Hall, the Weltons, and Harlow Hill, 
retiu'ning hy the same route, and receiving letters for the Stocksfield Station, where it 
arrives at 7 p.m. 

Directory. — William Arkley, blacksmith ; Thomas Reay, inkeeper, Rail- 
ivaij Tavern ; and the farmers are George Angus ; John Hunter, Hindley ; 
George Ellison, Lead Hills ; and Thomas Ridley. 

Bywell is a township and village, in the parishes of Bywell St. Peter and 
Bywell St. Andrew. The township comprises an area of 1,006 acres, and 
its rateable value is £2,952. Its population in 1801, was 199 ; in 1811, 164 ; 
in 1821, 174 ; in 1831, 172 ; in 1841, 182 ; andin 1851, 176 souls. Bywell 
Barony was formerly held by the family of Baliol, for the service of five 
knights' fees to the king, and thirty knights' fees for ward of Newcastle. In 
the reign of Richard II., it was the property of the Nevilles, lords of Raby, 
who having forfeited it in 1571, it was purchased by a branch of the Fenwick 
family. It afterwards came into the possession of the Rev. Septimus Hodg- 
son, who married the ^\idow of the last of the Fenwicks, of Bywell; it was subse- 
quently purchased by Thomas W. Beaumont, Esq., for £145,000, and still con- 
tinues in his family, the present possessor being W. B. Beaumont, Esq., M.P. 

The Village of Bywell occupies a pleasant situation, on the north side of 
the Tyne, eight miles east by south of Hexham, and four miles E.S.E. of 
Corbridge. The river Tyne is here crossed by a handsome and substantial 
stone bridge of five arches, with two dead ones at the south end, which have 
been constructed as a precaution against heavy floods. This structure was 
erected in 1838, by T. W. Beaumont, Esq., at a cost of £1,500, and is free 
to the public. South of the Tyne, are some very handsome houses, which 
have been recently erected by W. B. Beaumont, Esq., who liberally supports 
a school here, which was established in 1851. Here is also a Library and 
Newsroom ; the latter is well supplied with the London and provincial papers, 
and the former possesses 400 volumes of works in general literature. 



768 



TINDALE WAED EAST DIYISTON. 



This village possesses the two parochial churches of St. Peter and St. An- 
drew, one of which, tradition informs us, was huilt in consequence of a dispute 
for precedence between two sisters, one of whom founded a church of her 
own, of which she exercised tlie patronage, &c., to the exclusion of the other. 
St. Peter's is an ancient edifice of considerable magnitude, with a square tower. 
The living, a vicarage in the archdeaconry of Northumberland and deanery of 
Corbridge, is valued in the Liber Regis at £9 18s. l|-d., gross income £1'20. 
The patronage is vested in the Dean and Chapter of Durham. Incumbent, 
the Rev. B. E. Dwarris, M.A. The register of St. Peter's commences in 1663. 
St. Andrew's is a small structure, with a lofty steeple. The living is a dis- 
charged vicarage in the same archdeaconry and deanery as St. Peter's, and 
is valued in the Liber Regis at £3 9s. Qd., gross income £179. Patron, W. 
B. Beaumont, Esq. ; incumbent, the Rev. Joseph Jacques. The register of 
St. Andrew's commences in 1668. 

Bywell Hall, the seat of W. B. Beaumont, Esq., is an elegant mansion 
erected from designs by Paine, and occupies a fine lawn girt by forest trees, 
on the north bank of the river Tyne, a short distance from the ruins of the 
old baranial castle of Bywell. The appearance of the village of Bywell is very 
pleasing. From the road near the brink of the river, which forms here a 
beautiful cascade about ten feet in height, a mill is seen on the right 
hand, a salmon loch on the left, the town and its two churches stretch with 
a fine curvature along the banks of the upper basin of the river, while the 
time-worn ruins of the ancient fortress of the Baliols appear towering above 
the trees on the right, and the whole back-ground of the landscape is covered 
•with wood. In 1760, a mason named Robinson, wliile angling in the river 
Tyne, at Bywell, after a flood, found a small silver cup, of Roman manu- 
facture, bearing the inscription " Desideri vivas" round the neck. He sold 
it to a goldsmith in Newcastle, for fifteen shillings, but it was subsequently 
claimed by William Fen wick, Esq., as lord of the manor of Bywell. It was 
probably washed out of the banks above Corbridge, w'here other Roman vessels 
of silver are said to have been formerty turned out by the floods. 

Chaeities. — In 1668, Dame E. Radcliffe, left to the poor of the parish of 
St. Peter, especially those of the chapelry of Yfhittonstall and the township 
of Newland, £1., to be distributed on St. Lucie's day, and in 1693, Messrs. 
Teasdale and Fenwick left a rent charge of £1 10s. to the poor of the same 
parish. In 1740, Thomas Rav>^e bequeathed a rent charge of five shillings 
per annum for the same place and purpose. The poor of St. Andrew's parish 
have also a bequest consisting of the interest of £22 which, at the time of the 
Charity Commissioners' report, amounted to £1 2s. per annum. St. Andrew's 
Parish School is endowed with a rent charge of £8 a year. 



Allen William, stonemason & builder 
Arkle "William, joiner 
Atkinson John, farmer, Peepy 
Avery William, stonemason 
Beaumont W. B. Esq. Bywell Hall 
Dwarris Eev. B. E. vicar of St. Peter's 



Ferguson Jas. D. land agent, Bywell Castle 
Eocldam Margaret, grocer 
Surtees Thomas, gamekeeper 
Trotter John innkeeper & corn miller 
Womack John, farmer &yeterinary surgeon, 
Shildon HiU 



BYWELL ST. PETEE S PARISH. 



769 



EsPERSHiELDs is a township and hamlet the property of H. C. Silvertop 
Esq., who is also lord of the manor. The township contains 3,389 acres, and 
its rateable value is £725. Population in 1801, 160 ; in 1811, 185 ; in 
1821, 180; in 1831, 195; in 1841, 191; and in 1851, 187 souls. The 
Ha^tlet of Espershields is situated eight miles south-west by south of By- 
well, and a little to the west of this place is Whinnis Hill, where a Friend's 
Meeting House was erected in 1775. A village is supposed to have formerly 
stood at the place now called Hare-town. In ancient times a thick wood ex- 
tended fi'om Espershields to Newbiggin, in the adjoining county of Durham, 
but it is said to have to have been burnt down by the owner, who was well 
known by the name of " Mad Maddison," and who was afterwards hanged for 
murder at Durham. 

Minster Acres Hall, the residence of Henry 0. Silvertop, Esq., is 
situated in this township, and is surrounded by extensive pleasure grounds 
and plantations, wdiich extend into the townships of Espershields, High 
Fotherly, and the parish of Shotley, ^nd in its vicinity is a lake covering an area 
of four acres. The hall is a substantial stone building, adjoining which a 
Catholic Church has been recently erected, at the sole expense of the owner of the 
mansion. The foundation stone of this church was laid on the 13th of Sep- 
tember, 1852, by the Hon. Mrs. Silvertop. It is dedicated to St. Elizabeth, 
and was opened on the 24th August, 1854, on which occasion the Bishop 
of Hexham officiated. It is a beautiful Gothic structure in the decorated 
style, consisting of a nave, from which the sanctuary is railed off, and is 
lighted by six windows filled wdth excellent specimens of stained glass, 
representing the patron saints of the various members of the Silvertop family. 
On the right of the altar is the sacristy, and over it, forming a kind of tribune, 
the organ and choir gallery. A cloister, or triforium, opens to the church, 
running along the north side, and connecting the private gallery at the west 
end with the house. The church is adorned with a beautiful clock turret 
and spire, and will accommodate about 200 persons. Rev. Joseph Watson, 
chaplain. 

Mill Shields forms a joint township with Espershields, and is situated on 
the Derwent about one mile east of the latter place. 



Bewick John William, agent, Minsteracres 
Cottage 

Cawtliorn Thomas, brick and tile manu- 
facturer, High D.Iinsteracres 

Ford Andrew, blacksmith 

Harker Kichard, Minsteracres 

Moody John, woollen manufacturer, &c. 
Millshields 

Silvertop Henry C. Esq. Minsteracres Hall 

Swallow Hopper, farm-bailiff, Minsteracres 



Watson Rev. Joseph, chaplain 

Farmers 
Bolam Charles, Millshields 
Hepple John, Espershields 
Hepple William, Cronkley 
Hunter John, Winnis Hill 
Johnson Wilham, Millshields 
Lawson John, West Minsteracres 
Lawson William, West Minsteracres 
Todd Thomas, Newfield 



Fotherley (High) township is situated on both sides of the Stocksfield Burn, 
three miles S.S.W. of BywelL It is the property of H. C. Silvertop, Esq., 
who is also lord of the manor, and its rateable value is £334. Population in 



I 



770 TiNDALfi WABD-^EAST DIVISION. 

1801,91; in 1811, 90; in 1821, 92; in 1831, 105 ; in 1841, 106; and 
in 1851, 142 souls. Low Fothekley is a farm in this township. 

DiREGTOEY. — William Barron, blacksmith and agricultural implement 
maker, Scales Cross; John Hornsby, stonemason; John Smith, Low Fother- 
ley ; Michael Surtees, Lingesy Field ; and the farmers are Joseph Lambert, 
Fairlemay; Anthony and William Richardson, High Fotherley ; John Smith, 
Low Fotherley ; and Henry Surtees, High Fotherley. 

Healy, a township situated four miles south-west of By well, comprises an 
area of 2,128 acres, and its rateable value is £377 15s. 8d. R. Ormston, Esq. 
is lord of the manor and owner of the soil. The number of inhabitants in 
1801, was 51 ; in 1811, 59 ; in 1821, 49 ; in 1831, 54 ; in 1841, 65 ; and 
in 1851, 67 souls. Healy House, the seat of R. Ormston, Esq., is a hand- 
some mansion in the Elizabethan style, erected in 1831. 

Directory. — Robert Ormston, Esq., Plealy House and 5, Saville-place, 
Newcastle ; Joseph Dobson, land agent for R. Ormston, Esq., Healy Burnt 
House ; John Trotter, corn miller, and at Bywell ; Matthew Jewitt, gardener 
and wood-keeper; W. E. and R. Wightman, farmers. 

Newton is a township and hamlet the property of Thomas Hedley and 
Brothers ; W. B. Beaumont, Esq., is the possessor of the manorial rights and 
privileges. The township contains 747 acres, and its rateable value is £973 
5s. The population in 1801, was 137; in 1811,101; in 1821, 105; in 
1831, 111; in 1841, 127; and in 1851, 138 souls. The Hamlet of New- 
ton is two miles north by west of Bywell, 

Directory. — Edward Carlton, blacksmith ; Christopher Charlton, black- 
smith ; and the farmers are Thomas Bownas, Newton Village Farm ; John 
Navin ; John Robson, Newton Fell House ; J. and L. Robson, and James 
Stokoe, and innkeeper. 

Newton Hall is a township situated two and a half miles north of Bywell. 
It is the property of W. F. Blackett, Esq., its rateable value is £931, and 
the tithes, which belong to H. Silvertop, Esq., are valued at £100 per annum. 
This township comprises an area of 715 acres, and its population in 1801, was 
107; in 1811, 95; in 1821, 89; in 1831, 84; in 1841, 95; and in 1851, 
106 souls. Newton Hall, which gives name to this township, is a neat 
modern mansion, the seat of W. F. Blackett, Esq. 

Directory. — W. F. Blackett, Esq., Newton Hall ; W. Armstrong, cart- 
wright ; Nicholas Harrison, schoolmaster ; and the farmers are Edward 
Charlton; George Hall; and Johnson Lambert, and innkeeper, Shaiv 
House Inn. 

Steeling is a small township, the property of J. H. Flind, Esq., who is 
also lord of the manor. It contains 222 acres, and its rateable value is 
£334. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 17 ; in 1811, 19 ; in 1821, 
12; in 1831, 17 ; in 1841, 53 ; and in 1851, 32 souls. Stelling is situated 
about two and a half miles north of Bywell. 

Directory. — John Charlton, farmer, Stelhng Hall Farm; and Mrs. 
Sarah Hodgins, Stelling Hall. 

Whittonstall is a chapelry township and village, the property of the 



COEBEIDGE PARISH. 771 

Commissioners of Greemvicli Hospital, to whom tlie manorial rights belong. 
It was separated from ByweU St. Peters parish, and became a distinct 
chapehy for ecclesiastical purposes, in 1774, when it received an aug- 
mentation from Queen Anne's bounty. It comprises the townships of 
Whittonstall and Newlands, the former of which contains 1,968 acres, 
and its rateable value is £1,673 10s. Population in 182], 146; in 1831, 
175 ; in 1841, 184 ; and in 1851, 198 souls. Here is a drain-tile manu- 
factory, which is carried on by Mr. William Dinning. The Village 
of Whittonstall is situated about three and a half miles south by east 
of Bywell. The Chapel is a plain stone building, containing about 
305 sittings, and was erected in 1832, from the materials of the former 
chapel, on whose site it partly stands. The living is a perpetual curacy in 
the gift of the Dean and Chapter of Durham, and incumbency of the Rev. 
Richard Marshall. The register of this chapelry commences in 1754. 
Whittonstall School was erected by subscription in 1846; it is self 
supporting, and under government inspection. W. Gibson, teacher. 



Farmers 

Harrison Cutlibert 

Hunter Cutlibert and John, High Field 
Hunter Edward, Whittonstall Hall Farm 
Robinson Thomas, and coalowner, Grey 

Mare Hill 
Taylor Thomas, Fairley 
■Wilkinson George, Whittonstall Lawson's 

Farm 



Askew Thomas, woodkeeper, Hood's Close, 

Erown Isaac, butcher, Fairley 

Codling Edward 

Dinning William, drain-tile manufacturer 

Gibson W. schoolmaster 

Green Joseph, shoemaker 

Marshall Rev. Eichard, incumbent 

Oley Richard, shoemaker and grocer 

Proud Joseph, blacksmith 

Surtees George, innkeeper 

Newlands is a township and hamlet, containing 1,701 acres, the property of 
the Commissioners of Greemvich Hospital, and its rateable value is £1,145. 
The population in 1801 and 1811, was returned with Whittonstall ; in 1821, 
it was 154; in 1831, 161 ; in 1841, 168; and in 1851, 174 souls. The 
Hamlet of Newland is situated five miles south by east of Bywell. The 
Wesleyan Methodists have a chapel here. 

DiEECTORT. — John Lowes, blacksmith ; Edward Turner, shoemaker ; 
and the farmers are Edward Soppitt, Newland Grange ; and William 
Watson. 

CORBRIDGE PARISH. 

CoRBRiDGE is a parish, comprising the townships of Aydon, Aydon Castle, 
Olarewood, Corbridge, Dilston, Halton, Halton Shields, Thornborough, Wliit- 
tington Great, and Whittington Little. It is about eight miles in length from 
north to south, but its average breadth does not exceed two and a half miles, 
and comprises an area of 13,1 30 acres. Its population in 1801, was 1,744 ; 
in 1811, 1,979; in 1891, 3,037 ; in 1831, 2,091 ; in 1841, 2,103 ; and in 
1851, 2,163 souls. The whole of this district is in an exceUent state of 
cultivation, and contains great quantities of lead, coal, and lime. There are 
also several large plantations in various parts of the parish, the property of 
the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital. 

3 a 2 



773 TINDALE WARD-^EAST DIVISION. 

CoFvBRTDGE is a townsliip, formerly also a borough and market town, in tlie 
parish of the same name. The principal landowners are the Duke of Nor- 
thumberland, the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital, Isaac Crawhall, 
Esq., and Mrs. Joseph Crawhall. The Duke of Northumberland is lord of 
the manor. The townsliip comprises an area of 4,499 acres, and its rateable 
value is £8,267 2s. 6d. The number of rateable landowners and houses is J 76. 
The tithes were commuted in 1829, aggregate amount, £520. The number 
of inhabitants in 1801, was 1,032, in 1811, 1,182 ; in 1821, 1,254 ; in 1831, 
1,292; in 1841, 1,336; and in 1851, 1,363 souls. The manor of Cor- 
bridge was granted by King John, to Robert, son of Roger de Clavering, 
Baron of Warkworth, to hold with all its regalities, in fee farm, by the annual 
payment of £40, with the privilege of a weekly market, and an annual fair, 
on the eve, day, and day after the festival of St. John the Baptist. 

The Town of Corbridge occupies an agreeable situation, in the immediate 
vicinity of the Roman station Corchester, on the north bank of the river 
Tyne, seventeen miles west from New^castle, four miles east of Hexham, and 
280 miles N.N. W. of London. It is well built, and several of the houses 
have some pretensions to architectural elegance. It has a good supply of 
excellent water, which is conveyed through pipes from two reservoirs in the 
immediate neighbourhood, and there is an excellent stone bridge of eleven 
arches at the entrance to the town ; it was erected in 1674, and is the only 
bridge on the Tyne, wdiich survived the great floods of 1771. 

Corbridge has been a place of some importance from the earliest period of 
our history, possessing at one time no less than iive churches, and returning 
two members to parliament. The Roman station, Corstojntum, now Corches- 
ter, is situated at a short distance west of the tovm, and out of its ruins the 
present parish church seems to have been erected. Several remains of 
antiquity have been dug up here, and various altars, inscriptions, coins, 
and other curiosities, have been discovered, some of which are now in 
possession of the Antiquarian Society of Newcastle. In March 1822, 
as Mr. Carr, of this place, was ploughing a field in front of Stagshaw House, 
he encountered a large, flat, square stone, wdiicli being removed, was found to 
cover the mouth of a cavity, about three feet long, two and a half feet wide, 
and four feet deep, cut in the solid rock. This rude tomb enclosed a small 
antique urn, composed of sand and clay, uncovered and coarsely ornamented, 
and containing a few ordinary sized teeth, in perfect preservation, the 
mouldering remains of a skull, a small heart-shaped amulet of grey slatey 
stone, perforated for suspension, and a tongue-shaped piece of flint, probably 
an arrovv^ head. There was no inscription on the stone, no coins were found, 
nor anytbing to give a clue to its history. 

After the departure of the Romans from Britain, Corbridge remained a 
populous place, and we find mention made of a monastery here as early as 
771. John of Hexham, in his account of the events of the year 1138, says, 
that " on Candlemas-day, in that year, David, King of Scotland, with his son 
and all their forces, arrived and encamped at Corbridge, and, during their 
continuance there, committed the m.ost horrid barbarities, throughout the 



COEBRTDGE PARISH. 



773 



whole neighbourhood." The town was completely destroyed by the Scots 
under Wallace, m 129T ; it was given to the flames by the adherent of Bruce, 
in 131'2, and in October, 1346, it w^as again destroj^ed by the Scots, previous 
to the battle of Neville's Cross. 

The Church, dedicated to St. Andrew is a very ancient structure. It 
seems to have been originally a large edifice, but it has undergone considerable 
repairs and alterations, and the interior, having been much improved, has 
now a very neat appearance. The living is a vicarage in the archdeaconry 
of Northumberland, and deanery of Corbridge, valued in the Liber Regis at 
£11 lis. 8d ; gross income £525. Patrons, the Dean and Chapter of 
Carlisle ; incumbent, the Rev. Frederick Gipps, M.A. The parish regis- 
ter commences in 1657. There are also places of worship here for the 
Wesleyan Methodists, Primitive Methodists, and Wesleyan Methodist Re- 
formers. The educational establishments of Corbridge are at present few 
in number ; there is a Library and New^sroom, well supplied with books, and 
the principal newspapers and periodicals ; George Lowry, Esq., treasurer, 
Michael Thompson, secretary, and John Daglish librarian. 

A Court Leet and Baron is held at the Angel Inn, on Easter Tuesday, 
before Sir Walter Riddell, Bart, of Ford, steward of the lord of the manor, 
when persons may be proceeded against for the recovery of small debts, and 
other business incident to such courts, is transacted. The great fair of 
Stagshaw Bank, is held every Whitsuntide and Midsummer, on a large com- 
mon two miles north of the town. The former is considered one of the 
largest sheep and cattle fairs in England. 

Charities. — Mrs. Ursula Mountney, in 1680, bequeathed to the poor of this 
parish, a rent charge of £1 per annum, and Dame Elizabeth RadclifFe, in 
1688, left a rent charge of £10 yearly for the same purpose. Mrs. Ann 
Radcliffe, in 1699, gave a rent charge of £20 per annum, for the purpose of 
apprenticing the poor boys of the parish, and the Rev. Robert Troutbeck, 
vicar of Corbridge, in 1706, bequeathed to the poor of the parish and the 
chapelry of Halton, a house and a piece of land, v/hich produced, at the time 
of the Charity Commissioners' report, a rent of £32 2s. 6d. per annum. 
Hannah Brown and Mary Robson, in 1800, left a rent charge of £4 a year 
to twenty poor inhabitants of Corbridge parish. 

Post Office, Corbridge. — Thomas Blandford, Postmaster. Letters amva from 
Newcastle at 11-G a.m., and from Hexham at 4-10 p.m. ; they are despatched to Hexham 
at 10-45 a.m., and to Newcastle and Gateshead at 4-16 p.m., and 7-30 p.m. 



Miscellany 

Atkinson Bohert, flag' merchant, and grocer 

and draper, Main-street 
Baty Edward, slater. Hill Top 
Eirkett Mrs. Susan, The Hollow 
.Blandford Thomas, auctioneer and ap- 
praiser, Avgcl Inn, Main-street 
Carr Mrs. Isabella, Main-street 



Harrison T. pohce constable, Watling-st 
Dunn Mrs. Isabella, Heron's Hill 
Fairlam Mrs. Margaret, Middle street 
Forster E. watch, itc. maker, ^Yater Eow 
Forstor Mr. William, Middle-street 
Gipps Uav. Frederick, M.A., Yicarage 
Hall Mr. James K. Main-street 
Havelock W. woodman, Dipton Cottage 



774 



TiND ALE Ward — east division. 



Kirsopp Mr. John, Watling-street 
Lowrey George, surgeon, Bank Head 
Lumley Mrs. Mary, Watling-street 
National Guardian Fire and Life In- 
surance Office, Thomas Blaadford, 
agent, Main-street 
Rochester Isabella, baker, &c. Back Eow 
Shield Mr. Joseph, Main-street 
Snowball Mr. Cuthbert, Princes-street 



Turnbull Wm. hairdresser, Main-street 
Twaddle Blr. George, Main -street 
Thorburn John Henry, chemist and drug- 
gist, Middle-street 
Walker Mr. Joseph, Princes-street 
White James, saddler, Middle-street 
Wilson John, hairdresser. Heron's Hill 
Yellowley William, wholesale grocer, Main 
street, warehouse Pilgrim-st. Newcastle 



Academies and Schools 
Morpeth Ann, Main-street 
Kirsopp Thomas, Main-st 
Thompson George (boarding 

and day), Main- street 

Blacksmiths 
Atkin John, senr. Princes-st 
Atkin Edward, Main-sireet 
Forster Ralph, Water-row 
Knott John, Bridge-end 
Knott William, Main-street 

Boot and Shoemakei's 

Armstrong John, Water-row 
Atkin Joseph, Princes-st 
Atkin John, Princes-street 
Dodds Thomas, Middle-st 
Foggin Joseph, Princes-st 
Foggin William, Market-pl 
Forster T. F. Princes-street 
Gardner Charles, Main-st 
Henderson John, Watling-st 
Heppell John, jun.Water-row 
Herjpell John, Scramble-gate 
Hutchinson Thos. Market-pl 
Hutchinson Wm. Market-pl 
Richley Wm, Watling-street 
Robson Wm. Princes-street 

Butchers 
Hall John, and farmer and 

gardener. Heron's Hill 
J. Hall, V/atling-street 
Innis John, Gormire-row, or 

Princes-street 
Robson Wm. Middle- street 
Richley John, Water-row 
Richley Rowland, Market-pl 



Cartwrights 

Fairless Thos. Heron's Hill 
Fairless Wm. Main-street 
Hogarth John,Wathng-street 
Robson John, Water-row 

Earthenware Manufacturer 

Peai'son James Jarvis, Gor- 
bridge Pottery ; Thos. Har- 
rison, manage!' 

Farmers 

Bell Joseph, Linnels 
Blackburn John, Riding Hills 
Carr J. W. R. Orchard House 
Charlton Wm. Linn el Wood 
Charlton John, Fearnley 
Davison Michael, Fearnley 
Green Joseph, Hill Bank 
Hall John, and gardener, &c., 

Heron's Hill 
Hall John, Princes-street 
Hall WiUiam, Main-street 
Harle Thos. Jan., Water-row 
Kirsopp John, Watling st 
Morpeth Lancelot,Princes-st 
Thompson Thomas, Pond-st 
WalkerBartholomew,Main-st 

File Manufacturer 

Marshall James, Water-row 
Gardeners 

Beaumont John, Main-st 
Bowman John and Robert, 
Main-street 



Bowman Thos. Back row 
Brvdon Adam, Princes-st 
Fallah John, Prior Mains 
Fawcett Thomas, Back-row 
Fawcett Wm. Gormire-row 
Hall John, Heron's Hill 
Hall John, Princes-street 
Hall Joseph, Main-street 
Hall Joseph, Princes-street 
Hall Bartholomew, Main-st 
Hall Michael, Middle-street 
Hall Robert, Middle-street 
Harle Thos. jun.. Water-row 
Henderson Thos. Princes-st 
George E. Scramble-gate 
Dodds Matthew, Middle-st 

Grocers and Dealers in 
Sundries 

Atkin John, Princes-street 
Atkinson Robert, and draper, 

and flag merchant, Main-st 
Barwick Alice, Princes-st 
Fairless Ann, Heron's Hill 
Hall Joseph, Main-street 
Hall Michael, Middle-street 
Hall William, Main-street 
Harle Thomas, Water-row 
Marshall James, Market-pl 
Thompson Isabella, W^at- 

ling-street 
Thompson Michael,Back-row 
Turnbull Thos. Wathng-st 
Knott Wm. Main-street 
Softley Margaret, Wathng-st 
Wood Henry, and tailor and 

draper, Water-row 



Inns and Taverns 

Angel, Thomas Blandford, Main-street 

Black Bull Inn, Jane Ridley 

Golden Lion, Jane Dodd, Heron's Hill 



Nciv Blue Bell, Mary Charlton 
Bailway Inn, Ehzabeth Wetherhell 
Wheat Sheaf, John Dodd, Watling-street 



Joiners and Cabinet Makers 
Fairless John, Heron's Hill 
Greenwell Wm. Yf athng-st 
Hogarth Michael, Wathng-st 
Nicholson Hen. Heron's Hiil 



Stokoe Thomas, Watliug-st 
Thompson Michael, and 
builder. Water-row 
Painters and Glaziers 
Fairless Joseph, Market-pl 



Simpson Geo. Princes-st 
Wilson Thomas, Main -street 

Stone Masons 
Armstrong Jas. Wathng-st 
Co wen WiUiara, Princes-st 



CORBRIDGE PAKISH. 775 



Forster Wm. Blue Bell Jn;i ' Atkin Ann, Princes- street 



Surtees John, Heron's Hill 
Surtees Joseph, Back-row 
Thompson Joseph,V\'ater- row- 



Straw Hat Makers 
Armstrong; J. Watling-st 



Soulshy Elizabeth,Watling-st 



Hutchinson John, Watling-s t 
Soulshy Jahez, Watllng-st 
Soulshy John, ?,Iain-street 
Tuhp Wm, Heron's Hill 
Turnhull Thomas,WatHng-st 
Wood Henry, and grocer, 
Water-row 



Tailors and Drapers 
Atldn Eohert, Heron's Hill 
Daglish John, YY''ater-row 
Henderson Thos. Middle-st 

Carrier to Newcastle, on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays; and to Hexham on 
Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, John Morpeth, of Shildon. 

Newcastle akd Carlisle Eailway, for the conveyance of passengers and merchandise, 
from Corhridge Station, John Dunn, station master. 

Aydon is a township aud village, the property of JMr. Lionel Winship,^ and 
others. The township contains 750 acres, and the rateable value is d61,125. 
Population in 1801, 109; in 1811, 117; in 1821,94; in 1831, 99; in 
1841, 83; and in 1851, 104 souls. The Village of Aydon is situated 
one mile and a half north-east by east of Corhridge. 

DiEECTOET. — William Best, merchant tailor, farmer, and grocer ; John and 
Edward Jameson, lime-burners; Richard Thompson, shopkeeper and lime- 
burner ; Mr. Lionel AYinship, yeonian ; Mr. Dobson Win'^hip ; and the 
farmers are Elizabeth Browell ; John Hetherington, Aydon White House ; 
and Eichard Thompson. 

Aydon Castle township is situated one mile and a half north-east of 
Corhridge, and is the property of Sir Edward Blackett, Bart. It contains 
393 acres, and the rateable value is £625 2s. The number of inhabitants 
in 1801, was 29; in 1811, 26 ; in]821,31; in 1831, 29; in 1841, 25 ; 
and m 1851, 23 souls. The tithes are commuted for £56. Aydon was, in 
former times, a portion of the barony of Hugh de Baliol, and, in 1272, we find 
it the seat and] property of Emma de Aydon, but it subsequently passed to 
the Kaymes of Bolam, 'uho were, however, only part possessors, for a moiety 
was held by the Carnabys of Halton. It afterw^ards became the property of 
the Claverings, the Carrs, and the Collinsons, by the latter of whom it was 
sold to John Douglas, Esq., and afterwards passed to the Blacketts of Matfen. 
This township takes it name from a castle, which belonged, in the reign of 
Edward I., to the family of Aydon above mentioned ; the ruins of the fortress 
stand on the west side of a deep dale. This structure is erected in the form 
of the letter H, with four towers, one at the end of each wing. The walls 
are very thick, and one of the tov/ers is upwards of sixty feet high, so that in 
feudal times, it was regarded as a place of great strength. . Several " Eoman 
remains " have been discovered here, amongst which were two urns, and the 
effigy of a man. This township consists of only one farm, which is occupied 
by Robert Rowell, farmer. 

Claeewood is a township and hamlet, in this parish, containing 805 acres, 
the property of Sir Edward Blackett, Bart., and of which the rateable value 
is £952 13s. 4d. The population of the township in 1801, was 38 ; in 1811, 
64; in 1821, 62; in 1831, 71; in 1841, 55; and in 1851, 55 souls. 
The Hamlet of Clarewood is situated four and a half miles N.N.E. of 
Corhridge, 



776 



TINDALE WAED— EAST DIVISION. 



Directory. — The farmers are James Eeed ; Charles Scott, Clarewood Fell 
Head ; and Smith Urwin, Matfen Piers. 

DiLSTOX, ancieutlj Devilstoue, is a township and village, the propertj' of 
the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital. It contains 2,804 acres, and 
its population in 1801, was 131 ; in 1811, 135 ; in 18S1, 162 ; in 1831, 
175 ; in 1841, 200; and in 1851, 204 souls. The rateable value is £2,930. 
This place was the villa, manor, and seat of the ancient family of the Devil- 
stones, and was afterw^ards successively the property of the Tindles, the 
Crasters, the Claxtons, and the Radchffes. It was in the possession of Sir 
George Radcliffe, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and of Sir Edward Rad- 
cliffe, in 1652, whose son and heir married Mary Tudor, natural daughter of 
King Charles II., and was created Baron of Dilston, Yiscount Langley, and 
Earl of Derwentwater, in 1687. He w^as succeeded by his son James, Earl 
of Derwentwater, who, having joined the fruitless rising in favour of the 
" Pretender," in 1715, was taken prisoner, and sentenced to death as a 
traitor in 1716. He was a young and accomplished nobleman, grandson of 
Charles II., and had lived retired in his old castle at Dilston. His countess 
repaired to court, and sunk with streaming eyes at the feet of George to beg 
a reprieve ; the noblest ladies of the land were at her side, urging her 
request, but George was inexorable. It is no wonder a ransom of sixty 
thousand pounds was refused. The young earl died intrepidly, declaring 
himself a Catholic, and a devoted subject of James III. His princely estates 
were given to Greenwich Hospital. The Ylllage of Dilston is situated on 
the east bank of the Devil- Water, one mile south-west of Corbridge. The 
approach to it is very romantic ; the rivulet, at its junction wdth the Tyne, 
flows out of a deep dell, which, spreading out a leafy canopy, at least a hmidred 
feet high, shades the lower objects with a solemn gloom. Of the old baronial 
seat of the Devilstones, an old tower still remains, but of the mansion of the 
Dei-wentwaters, the only vestige now^ in existence is the chapel, which is still 
kept in repair, and though not now used, the reading desk and two pews still 
remain in it. Dilston House is the residence of John Grey, Esq. 



Coates Joseph, miller 

Gvej John, Esq. receiver for the Greenv.ich 

Hospital Estates, Dilston House 
Glover Joseph, receiver's clerk, Dilston 

House: ho. Dilston 
Pearson Hugh, gardener and farmer, Wide 

Haugh Nursery House 



Wi-ight Joseph, bailiff for the Greeu^Yich 
HosiDital Estates 

Farmers 
Benson Thomas, Dilston Haugh Farm 
Lee Joseph, Dilston New Town 
Eowell Anthony, Dilston Park 



Halton is a chapelry, township, and hamlet, in Corbridge parish, the pro- 
perty of Sir Edward Blackett, Bart., who is also lord of the manor. The 
chapelry embraces the townships of Great Whittiugton, Clarewood, Halton, 
and Halton Shields. The township comprises an area of 798 acres, and its 
rateable value is £1,165. The population in 1801, was 74; in 1811, 78 ; in 
1823, 60 ; in 1831, 68; in 1841, 46; and in 1851, 48 souls. The tithes 
amotint to about £110. Halton Castle, in this township, is a strong oblong 
structure, with four turrets, and in its vicinity is a Chapel of Ease 



CORBRIDGE PARISH. 



m 



to Corbridge cliurch, which was rebuilt in IT06, tow^ards the expense of which 
John Douglas gave £U6 17s. 2d., and the freeholders of Whittingham 
£78 Is. Id. The living is united to that of Corbridge. The Hamlet of 
Haltou is two and a quarter miles north by east of Corbridge. The principal 
inhabitants are Anthony Hutchinson, farmer, Halton Red House ; Mrs. 
Mary Hutchinson, Halton Red House ; and Joseph Todd, farmer, Halton 
Castle. 

Halton Shields is a township and hamlet in this parish, the property of 
Sir Edward Blackett, Bart. The township contains 44S acres, and its rate- 
able value is £573 Cs. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 62 ; in 1811, 
67 ; in 1821, 57 ; in 1831, 56; in 1841, 59 ; and in 1851, 64 souls. The 
corn tithes, in 1854, were £47, and the vicarial tithes, £14. The Hamlet of 
Halton Shields is situated tliree miles N.N.E. of Corbridge, on the site of 
the great Roman wall, a little to the east of the station, now called Halton 
Chesters, but formerly Hunnum, see page 29. Halton Sbields consists of 
a farm house, and a few cottages, some of which stand upon the Roman wall 
just mentioned, and are chiefly inhabited by agricultural labourers. Here is 
a day-school, the teacher of which receives £5 a year as part support from 
Sir Edward Blackett, Bart. 

Directory, — Sarah Forster, shopkeeper ; Thomas Humble, schoolmaster ; 
and John Wardle, farmer, Carr Hill. 

Thornborough is a township and hamlet containing 714 acres, of which 
the rateable value is £1,029. The population in 1801, was 84 ; in 1811, 81 ; 
in 1821, 74; in 1831, 81; in 1841, 60; and in 1851, 62 souls. The 
Hamlet of Thornborough is situated one mile east of Corbridge. This 
township is the property of the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital, 
and is divided into three farms in the occupancy of Thomas Cowle ; Joseph 
Dodd ; and J. H. Wood. 

Whittingtok (Great) is a township and village, the property of Rowland 
Errington, Esq., James Kirsop, Esq., and others. The township comprises 
an area of 1,477 acres, and its rateable value is £1,567 10s. The number of 
inhabitants in 1801, was 172 ; in 1811, 214 ; in 1821, 224 ; in 1831, 209 ; 
in 1841, 200; and in 1851, 202 souls. The Village of Whittington is 
four and a half miles north by east of Corbridge, and consists of some good 
farm houses and cottages, which are chiefly occupied by agricultural labourers. 
Here is a Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, erected in 1835, and the Primitive 
Mfcthodists meet for worship in the school-room. There is a day-school in 
the village, which has an endowment of £4 per annum, left by James Kirsop, 
Esq., of Spittal House, and for which ten scholars are to be instructed at 
two shillings per quarter less than the general charge. — Thomas Harrison, 
teacher. 



Amos John, tailor and drapei', and grocer 

Bell William, tailor 

Brown Thomas farmer and corn miller, 

Great Whittington Mills 
Dunn Thomas, shoeiiiaker 
Harrison Thomas, schoolmaster 



Kirsop Eobert, cartwright 

Liddell John, innkeeper and blacksmith 

Watson Ealph, joiner and turner 

Farmers 
Best Edwd. and lime-burner, Shell Breas 



TIXDALE WAIID— EAST DIVISION. 



Eenwick William 

Robs on Lionel 

Stobart Elizabeth, Grace, Isabella, and 

Hannali 
Wilson Jobn, Lead Gates 
Wilson William and Benjamin 



Brown Thornas, and corn miller, Great 

Wbittington Mills 
Brown George 
Carr Thomas, Eoses Bower 
Cuthbertson John and Thomas 
Dobinson Bartholomew 
liirsop Edward 

Cap.eiees to Newcastle on Saturdays, and to Hexham on Tuesdays, William Pienwick 
and Edward Watson. 

Whittixgton (Little) is a township situated three miles north of Cor- 
bridge. It contains 348 acres, the jiJroperty of Rowland Errington, Esq., 
and its rateable value is £514. Population in 1801, 20; in 1811, 15; in 
1821,19; in 1831, 11 ; in 1841, 19; and in 1851, 38 souls. The soil is 
fertile, and yields excellent crops of barley and oats, but is chiefly used as 
grazing land. The whole township consists of one farm, which is occupied 
by Mr. Robert Ord, farmer. 

HEDDON-ON-THE-WALL PARISH. 

Heddon-on-the-Wall parish comprises the townships of Eachwick, Iled- 
don (East), Heddon-on-the-Wall, Heddon (West), Houghton and Closehouse, 
and Whitchester. It is bounded by the parishes of Newburn, Ovingham, 
Stamfordham, and Ponteland, and by the river Tyne, which separates it from 
Durham. It is about four miles in length by the same in breadth, and com- 
prises an area of 4,663 acres. The population in 1801, was 603 ; in 1811, 
653; in 1821, 770; in 183], 774; in 1841, 753; and in 1851, 813 souls. 
This parish is very fertile and contains several handsome residences. 

Eachwick is a township and hamlet in this parish, but partly situated in 
the west division of Castle Ward. The landowners are Edward Collingwood, 
Esq., Richard Spearman, Esq., and Robert Reay Spearman, Esq., the latter 
being the lord of the manor. The township contains 985 acres, and its rate- 
able value is £1,306 7s. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 97 ; in 
1811, 90 ; in 1891, 169 ; in 1831, 113; in 1841, 101 ; and in 1851, 101 
souls. The manor of Eachwick was formerly the property of the Delaval 
family, who gave a moiety to the Priory of Hexham. It was subsequently 
possessed by the Fenwicks, from whom it was transfen-ed to the Scurfields 
and Bells, and afterwards to the Spearmaus, coming ultimately to the present 
proprietors. The Haimlet of Eachwick is situated nine miles north-west of 
Newcastle, and was in former times a place of some importance. * Eachwick 
Hall, in this township, is a fine mansion, and was formerly the residence of 
the Spearmans, an ancient and well known family in the county. Ralph 
Spearman, Esq., the last member of the family, died without issue, about 
twenty-four or twenty-five years ago, and left the Hall and estate to Mr. John 
Hunter, who thereupon assumed the name of Spearman. 

Dieectoey. — Robert Reay Spearman, Esq. ; Edward Bell, cartwright and 
joiner ; Henry Davison, joiner and house carpenter ; Ann Potts, vict. Plough 
Inn ; George Snaith, cattle dealer ; and the farmers are Edward Handyside 



HEDDON-OX-THE-WALL PAEISH. 779 

aiid Son, Red House ; Robert Reed, Kyloe House ; Thomas Reed ; William 
Richardson, Each wick Moor ; Richard Spearman, Er^chwick Moor House ; 
and Robert and William Thompson, Eachwick South Houses. 

Heddon (East) is another township in this parish, but locally situated in 
the west division of Gastle Ward, eight miles W.N.W. of Newcastle. It con- 
tains 758 acres, the property of Sir M. W. Ridley, and its population in 1801, 
was 23; in 1811, 61; in 1821, 44; in 1831, 57; in 1841, 49; and in 
1851, 57 souls. This township contains only nine houses, and the farmers 
are John Crow; Ralph Laws, Brickney Hill; and William Stott, Heddon 
Birks. 

Heddon-on-the-Wall is a township and village in the parish of the same 
name, the property of Nathaniel Clayton, Esq., John Clayton, Esq., John Bates, 
Esq., Thomas Bates, Esq., Mr. John Whitfield, and others. The area of 
the township is 1,190 acres, and it contained in 1801, 253; in 1811, 318; 
in 1821, 362; in 1831, 383; in 1841, 391 ; and in 1851, 345 inhabitants. 
The manor of Heddon was, in ancient times, a part of the barony of Bolbeck, 
but it now belongs to the above-mentioned proprietors. In November 1752, 
the workmen employed in making the military road to Carlisle, found a great 
number of Roman coins and medals, in the rums of Hadrian's Wall in 
this township. 

The Village of Heddon-on-the-Wall is situated on the site of the old 
Roman wall, seven miles W.N.W. of Newcastle. The Church, dedicated to 
St. Philip and St. James, occupies the summit of a high rock. The greater 
portion of the edifice is in the Saxon style, but the chancel is a good specimen 
of the Anglo-Norman architecture. The living is a discharged vicarage, in 
the archdeaconry of Northumberland and deanery of Newcastle, rated at £35 ; 
gross income £275. Patron, the Queen; incumbent, the Rev. M. Heron 
Maxwell. The parish register commences in 1656. The National School, 
which is situated near the church, is a neat stone building, erected in 1851, 
and will accommodate about 140 children. George Scott, teacher. 

Post Office, Heddon-on-the-Wall. — Sarah Eobinson, postmistress. Letters arrive 
at 12 noon, and are despatched at 2 p.m. 

Hogg Jane, vict. Three Tuns 



Ai-mstrong George, farmer and land agent, 
Heddon Bank 

Armstrong Jolm A. farmer, Bays Leap 

Barras & Co. firebrick manufacturers, Hed- 
don Brick Works, John Brown, manager 

Bates John, Esq. M.D. Heddon East Bank 

Bates Thomas, Esq. barrister, Heddon 
East Bank 

Charlton John, joiner and cartwright 

Cowans Charlton, shopkeeper 

Gilhespy Alice, shopkeeper 

Gilhespy Joseph, blacksmith 

Harrison Joseph, butcher 

Heddon (West) township, the property of George Burden, Esq., is 
situated one mile and a half north-west of Heddon-on-the-Wall. It com- 
prises 338 acresj and the number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 43 ; in 

3 B 



Hogg Thomas, blacksmith 
Lawson John, farmer 
Laws William, millwright 
Maxwell Rp.v. M. Heron, vicar, Vicarage 
Pearson William, quarry owner 
Robson Jane, shopkeeper 
Scott George, certificated master of Na- 
tional School 
Stobert Jane, shopkeeper 
Wilkinson Ann, shopkeeper 
Whitfield Mr. John 



Y80 TINDALE WAED EAST DIVISION. 

1811, 50; ill 1821, 38; in 1831, 43; in 1841, 26; and in 1851, 51 souls. 
It contains two farms, and Heddon House, the seat of the owner of the town- 
ship. 

DiEECTORY. — George Burdon, Esq., Heddon House ; John Gustard, agent, 
West Heddon Stead ; and Thomas Stappard, farmer, West Farm. 

Houghton and Closehouse form a joint township in the above-mentioned 
parish, containing 597 acres, the propertv of Mrs. Margaret Bewick. The 
population in 1801, was 101; in 1811, 89; in 1821, 100; in 1831, 122; 
in 1841, 127; and in 1851, 200 souls. The Village of Houghton is 
situated half a mile west of Heddon-on-the-Wall. Here is a school, erected 
in 1823, by Mrs. Bewick, who pays for the education of twenty-two children. 
Close House, the estate and mansion of Mrs. Margaret Bewick, a large 
elegant structure, erected in 1779, is surrounded with thriving plantations 
and pleasure grounds, adorned with fine sheets of water. This estate was 
formerly possessed by the Kadcliffe family, who sold it to the Reeds, from 
whom it was purchased, in 1620, by Robert Bewdck, Esq., a merchant of 
Newcastle, one of whose descendants, Robert Bewick, was high-sheriff of 
Northumberland in 1760. 

Street House is a hamlet in this township, nine miles west by north of 
Newcastle. 

Directory. — Mrs. Margaret Bewick, Close House ; John Oliver, grazier, 
Street House ; James Phorson, schoolmaster ; and the farmers are Thomas 
Charleton, and veterinary surgeon. South Farm ; and Watson Chaiieton, 
North and High Farms. 

Whitchester is a township, situated on the north side of the old Roman 
wall, nine miles W.N.W. of Newcastle. It is the property of John Dobson, 
Esq., High Seat House ; Edward Riddell, Esq., of Cheeseburn Grange ; and 
Mr. Johnson. It comprises an area of 705 acres, and the number of its inhabi- 
tants in 1801, was 57; in 1811, 45; in 1821, 57; in 1831, 57; in 1841, 
66 ; and in 1851, 59 sonls. This township was formerly the property of the 
Turpins, from whom it passed to the Widdringtons, coming ultimately to the 
present proprietors. Several coins of the Roman emperors Domitian, Anto- 
ninus Pius, &c., have been found here. 

Directory. — John Dobson, Esq,, High Seat House ; and William Hind, 
vict. Ironside Inn, Whitchester. 

OVINGHAM PARISH. 

Ovingham is a parish, comprising the townships of Dukeshagg, Eltringham, 
Harlow-hill, Hedley, Hedley-Woodside, Horsley, Mickley, Nafferton, Oving- 
ham, Ovington, Prudhoe, Prudhoe Castle, Rouchester, Spittle, Welton, Whit- 
tie, and Wylam. It is bounded by the parishes of Stamfordham, Heddon-on- 
the-Wall, and Bywell St. Andrew and St. Peter, except on the south-east, where 
it is separated from the county of Durham by the Stanley and Milkhouse 
Burns. It is about seven miles in length by five in breadth, and comprises 
an area of 15,740 acres. Itspopulation in 1801, was 2,628 ; in ] 811, 2,810; 



OTINGHAM PARISH. 781 

in 1821, 2,742 ; in 1831, 3,019 ; in 1841, 3,418 ; and in 1851, 3,962 souls. 
This parish is intersected by the river Tyne, and is beautifully diversified by 
gentle elevations. 

DuKESHA&G, or Duker's Hagg, a township in this parish, situated two 
miles and three-quarters S.S.E. of Ovingham, is the property of the Duke 
of Northumberland, who is also lord of the manor. It contains 1,323 
acres, and the rateable value is £60. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, 

^vas in 1811, 7; in 1821, 9; in 1831, 8; in 1841, 7; and in 1851, 

7 souls. Tills township consists of one farm which is occupied by Mr. John 
Dodd. 

Eltringham is a township and hamlet, the property of Anthony Humble, 
Esq. The township comprises an area of 320 acres, and its rateable value is 
£730, including £50 tithes. Population in 1801, 24 ; in 1811, 39 ; in 1821, 
52; in 1831, 50; in 1841, 87; and in 1851, 119 souls. Here is a large 
number of coke ovens, w^hich afford employment to many persons, and 
are carried on by Messrs. Cuthbert and Cookson. There is a salmon fishery 
on the river Tyne here, of which Mr. Thomas Cooke, who keeps a respect- 
able inn at the ferry, is lessee. The Hamlet of Eltringham is situated one 
mile S.S.W. of Ovingham. 

Directory. — Thomas Cook, vict. Eltringham Boat House Inn ; and An- 
thony and Thomas Humble, brick manufacturers. 

Harlow Hill, a towmship and village in Ovingham parish, is the pro- 
perty of the Duke of Northumberland, who is also lord of the manor. The 
area of the township is 993 acres, its rateable value £1,316 8s. and the num- 
ber of its inhabitants in 1801, was 115; in 1811, 121; in 1821, 124; in 
1831,149; in 1841, 137; andinl85J, 148 souls. The Village of Har- 
low Hill occupies an elevated position on the road leading from Newcastle to 
Carlisle, ten and a half miles from the former place. It consists of four or 
five farm houses, a few workshops, a public house and several cottages. 

Directory. — Ann Davison, shopkeeper ; John Hall, blacksmith and agri- 
cultural implement maker ; Thomas Hindmarsh, publican ; William llobson, 
cartwright, joiner, and farmer ; Joseph Thompson, shopkeeper ; and the far- 
mers are Anthony Bell, James Bell, and Robert Elliott, Stankwell. 

Hedley-on-the-Hill is a township and village in this parish, containing 
],399 acres, the rateable value of which is £900 10s. The population in 
1801, was 166; in 1811, 172; in 1821, 168; in 1831, 193; in 1841, 
229 ; and in 1851, 21 9 souls. The Duke of Northumberland and A. Surtees, 
Esq., are the owners of the soil and lords of the manor. In this township is 
a coal mine which produces coal of a superior quality, and is entered by a 
horizontal or water level drift. Ironstone of excellent quality is also obtained 
here. The Village of Hedley-on-the-Hill is situated at the south-west ex- 
tremity of the parish, three miles south of Ovingham. It consists of five 
farm houses, a respectable inn, a few good grocers' shops, four workshops, 
and a number of cottages, which are chiefly inhabited by agricultural labourers, 
pitmen, and others. Here is a small Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, which was 
erected by subscription, in 1837. The Primitive Methodists meet for worship 



782 



TINDALE WARD — EAST DIVISION. 



in a private house. Hedley School was built by subscription, in 1848. It 
is self-supporting, and is conducted by Mr. Andrew Hindmarsh. 

Snowball John, innkeeper 
Walker William, coal owner 



Newton William, woodkeeperjHedleySprin 
House 



Elacksmiths 
Jackson Ealph 
Stokoe Parmella 

Boot and Shoemakers 
Dodd Andrew 
Dodd William 



Farmers 

HaiTison John, Hedley Park 

Harrison Joseph 

Johnson John 

Phillipson J. 

Richardson William, Airey 

Hill 
Snowball John 
Snowball Wm.Hedley Grange 
Scott George 
Swinburn William 



Walker Wm. & coal owner 
White Thomas, Hedley West 

Riding 
Grocers & Dealers in Sundries 
Bowman Mary 
Dodd F. & Son 
Little Archibald 
Oxley Joseph 
Swinburn Thomas 

Tailor and Draper 
Corn John 



Cartwrights 
Buckam John 
Robson George, and joiner 

Cakeier to Newcastle, Archibald Little, on Saturdays. 

Hedlet-Woodside is a township, situated three miles south of Ovingham. 
It contains 1,364 acres, and its population in 1801, was 88 ; in 1811, 76 ; 
in 18Q1, 55; in 1831, 60; in 1841, 73; and in 1851, 86 souls. The 
rateable value is £493. This township consists of four farms, the property 
of the Duke of Newcastle, and A, Surtees, Esq. The farmers are George 
Browell, Hedley Woodhead; John Dixon, Broad Oak and Hollins; and 
Thomas Willey, Hind's Wood. 

Hoesley is a toTMiship and village, the property of the Duke of Northum- 
berland, Edward James, Esq., John Dobson, Esq., J. H. Hind, Esq., and 
others. The township comprises an area of 1,478 acres, and its rateable 
value is £1,766. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 200; in 1811, 
262 ; in 1821, 257 ; in 1831, 293 ; in 1841, 286; and in 1851, 314 souls. 
The Village of Horsley is situated on the road leading from Heddon-on- 
the-Wall, to Hexham, one mile and a quarter north by east of Ovingham. 
It consists of some respectable farm-houses, two grocers' shops, two good 
inns, several workshops, and a number of cottages, occupied by agricultural 
labourers and others. Here is an Independent Chapel, a plain stone edifice, 
which was enlarged in 1729, and will accommodate about 300 persons. 
Rev. John Rain, minister. The Weslej^an Methodists meet for worship in 
the house of Mr. Archbold, in the room where the Rev. Jolm Wesley often 
preached. The desk he then used is still there, and is preserved in memory 
of him who made use of it. 

Post Office, Hoksley, Eobert Hutchinson, postmaster. Letters anive from Wylam 
at 2-15 p.m., and are despatched thereto at 2-45 p.m. 



Erown Ann, grocer and dealer in sundries 
Common William, joiner and cartwright 

(Eutter and Common) ; ho. Dunslow, 

Holm 
Gaddes Andrew, tailor 
Leightley John, brick maker 
Eain Eev. John (Independent) 
Eutter Wilham, joiner and cartwright 

(Eutter and Common) ; ho. Horsley 



Blacksmiths and Agricultural Implemen 

Makers 
Eedhead George, sen. 
Redhead George, jun. 

Boot and Shoemakers 

Charlton George 
Hutchinson Eobert 
Johnson John 



OVIN^HAM PaBISH. 



783 



Cabinetmakers 

Archbold William, and joiner and winnow- 
ing machine maker 

Kutter and Common, and joiners and cart- 
wrights 

Farmers 

Archbold William 

Bell WilHam 

Fairbairn John, Horsley High Barns 

Hindmarsh Thomas 



Laws John, The South Bank 
Laws Kobert, Easter Hopside 
Mordue John 
Nesbit William 

Inns 
Crown and Anchor, Thomas Burn 
Lion and Lamb, Thomas Lathaen 

Winnowing Machine Manufacturer 

Archbold William 



MicKLEY is a township and village, in the above parish, containing 1,188 
acres, the propert}^ of W. B. Wrightson, Esq., Joseph John Humble, 
Esq., of Prudhoe House, Mr. John Newton, of Mickley, and others. The 
rateable value of the township is £2,042, the tithes £208, and the gross 
estimated rental, £2,485. Population in 1801, 186 ; in 1811, 181 ; in 1821, 
178; in 1831, 211; in 1841, 297 ; andinl851, 566 souls. Each land- 
owner is lord of the manor of his own property, with the exception of the 
manorial rights of the common, which was enclosed about forty years ago, by 
the owners of the contiguous estates, in proportion to the quantity they were 
owners of. The manorial rights of what was formerly the common, belong 
to the above named W. B. Wrightson, Esq., M.P., by whom a school was 
erected, in 1821, and Hall Yard Chapel in 1823. Mickley Bank colliery, 
in this township, is worked by Mrs. Bewick, of Cherry Burn. Here are 
also some coke ovens. The Village of Mickley is situated one mile and a 
half south by west of Ovingham, and consists of a few respectable farm-houses, 
with a number of cottages. Hall Yard is an adjoining hamlet to Mickley. 
Here is a Chapel of Ease to Ovingham, erected in 1823, by W. B. Wright- 
son, Esq. ; it will accommodate about 120 persons. 

Mickley Squahe, a village in this township, consists of five rows of double 
cottages, a good grocer's shop, with one or two small ones. The population 
now numbers 500, and the inhabitants are principally employed at Mickley 
Colliery, and the coke ovens in the township of Eltringham. 

Mount Pleasant is a hamlet in Mickley township, consisting of two rows 
of cottages, which are tenanted by workmen employed at the colliery and 
coke ovens. 

Cherry Burn in this township, is the birth place of the late Mr. Thomas 
Bewick, the celebrated wood engraver, for a sketch of whose life see New- 
castle. It is now the residence of Mrs. Elizabeth Bewick, coal owner, etc. 



Bates Thomas, under-ground agent, Mick- 
ley-square 

Davison Thomas, innkeeper, Mount Plea- 
sant 

Eltringham Edward, cartwright 

Lowes Joseph, blacksmith 

Lyon WilHam, Esq. surgeon, Biding House 

Eippon John, joiner 



Sempster Thomas, schoolmaster and beer- 
house keeper 

Thompson Wilham, colliery engineer, Mick- 
ley-square 

Thompson William, supeiintendent of coke 
ovens, Mickley-square 

Todd Horatia Wellington, resident viewer, 
Mickley Colliery ; ho. Mount Pleasant 

Young William, innkeeper 



784 



TINDALE WARD — EAST DIVISION. 



Boot and Sl^emakers 

Phillipson John 

Phillipson William, Mount 

Pleasant 
Young William 

Farmers 
Bewick Mrs. Elizabeth, and 

coal owner, Cherry Bum 
Browell William, Mickley 
Dixon Willy,Mickley Grange 



Lislnnan John and Thomas 

Luraley John 

Newton John, and yeoman, 

Mickley 
Eichardson John, Mickley 

Moor 
Young Thomas, and wood 

keeper, Mickley Bank 



Clark John, Mickley- square 

Little Samuel, and draper, 
Mickley-square 

Rutherford Thomas, & plate- 
layer, Mickley 

Taylor Mary, Mount Plea- 
sant 

Tailors 



Henderson Joseph, Mickley 
Potts James, Mickley-square 



Grocers 

Browell George 

Nafferton is a township and hamlet, the property of W. B. Beaumont, 
Esq., M.P. It contains 773 acres of land, and its rateable value is £500. 
Population in 1801, 41 ; in 1811, 34 ; in 1821, 39 ; in 1831, 60 ; in 1841, 
35 ; and in 1851, 37 souls. The Hamlet of Nafferton is situated in a 
pleasant vale, about two miles north-west by north of Ovingham. Here are 
the remains of an ancient building, supposed to have been a religious 
house. This township consists of one faum, in the occupancy of Mark 
Spraggon, farmer. 

Ovingham is a township and village, in the parish of the same name, the 
property of the Duke of Northumberland, Colonel Bigge, Mr. George Bed- 
lington, and George Hutchinson, Esq. The township comprises an area of 
523 acres, and its rateable value is £770. The number of its inhabitants in 
1801, was 253; in 1811, 243; inl821, 265; in 1831, 233; in 1841, 257; 
and in 1851, 330 souls. The Duke of Northumberland is lord of the 
manor, and holds his manorial courts in the village, on the Tuesday in 
Easter week. 

The Village of Ovingham occupies an agreeable situation on the north 
bank of the river Tyne, nine miles east of Hexham, and eleven miles west of 
Newcastle. It possesses a copious supply of excellent water, from Jordan's 
Well, at the east end of the village, besides an additional supply for common 
use, conveyed through pipes from a reservoir, about a quarter of of a mile 
north of Ovingham. This latter was given by the Whittle Dean Water 
Company, as a compensation for the water taken by the company from the 
stream, which forms the boundary between the townships of Ovingham and 
Ovington. The village contains two respectable inns, a bleach works, several 
workshops, and a number of cottages. Here was formerly a Cell of Black 
Canons, subordinate to the priory of Hexham. It was founded by one of 
the Umfraville family, and at the time of the Dissolution, was valued at 
£12 2s. 8d. per annum. The estate of this house, with its appropriated 
tithes and the advowson of Ovingham, with a fine 
possession of the Addisons, and was their seat for 
Chuech, dedicated to St. Mary the Virgin, is an ancient structure, coijsisting 
of nave, aisles, transepts, and chancel with a square tower containing three 
beUs. This edifice exhibits three distinct specimens of architecture, the 
tower being Saxon, the door-way Norman, and the bod}^ of the church early 
English. The living, a vicarage in the archdeaconry of Northumberland, 
and deanery of Corbridge, is valued in the Liber Begis at £5 8s. 4d., returned 



glebe, came into the 
a long j)eriod. The 



OYINGHAM PARISH. 



785 



at £85 , gross income, £158. Tithes commuted in 1839 ; aggregate amount 
£77 15s. Patron, Colonel Bigge ; vicar, the Kev. Greorge Bigge, M.A. The 
parish register commences in 1679. An addition of about a quarter of an 
acre has been made to the grave-yard in which the church stands, on account 
of the increasing population of the parish. Ovingham School is erected 
upon what was unenclosed ground, the property of the Duke of Northumber- 
land, and attached to it is a dw^eUing house, with a small garden for 
the teacher. 

There is a lodge of Oddfellows, called " The Loyal Lord Prudhoe Lodge," 
held at the Ovingham Inn, and the " Ovingham Friendly Society," is also 
held at the same house ; Mr. James AVeatherley is secretary for both societies. 
Ovingham had formerly a royal charter for a weekly market, and was governed 
by a bailiff; two annual fairs are still held here on April *26thand October 26th. 

Charities. — This parish possesses four benefactions for the use of the 
poor, viz. : — £2 per annum, bequeathed by Edward Fletcher, in 1699, to 
be distributed yearly on March 1st and June 13th; £6 a year, left by John 
Blackett, in J 707, which was to be distributed by the minister a,nd church- 
wardens on All Saints Day; £3 10s., bequeathed by Anthony Surtees, in 
1725, to be given annually to the aged poor, men and women, and fatherless 
children of the parish ; and a rent charge of four guineas a year, given to the 
poor, aged, infirm, and religious persons of Ovingham parish. 

Post Office, Ovingham, William Easterby, postmaster. Letters arrive, from New- 
castle and Gateshead, at 11-30 a.m. and are despatched thereto at 8-15 p.m 



Miscellany 

Armstrong Eobert, stonemason and orna- 
mental stone cutter, Bridge End Inn 
Bedlington George, brewer, &c. 
Bedlington John, gardener 
Bedlington Mrs. Marj^, Brick House 
British EcoisOMical Manure Company, 

John Weatherley, agent 
Davison David, assistant manager, Oving- 
ham Bleach Works 
Dawson JosexDh, quill and pen manufac- 
turer 
Dobson Mr. George, farmer, Mount Huley 
Henderson George, grocer and farmer 
Hutchinson George, Esq, surgeon 
Johnson William, farmer. Chapel Farm 
Loyal Loed Peudhoe Lodge of Oddfel- 
lows, Ovingham Inn, James Weatherley, 
secretary 
Makepeace John, schoolmaster 
Ovingham Friendly Society, James 

Weatherley, secretary 
Ovingham Parish Association, for the 
prosecution of Felons, John Weatherley, 
secretary 
Ovingham Water Pants, John Weather- 
ley, secretary and treasurer 
Eobson James, cooper 



EoTAL Farmers' General Fire, Life, and. 
Hail-Storm Institution, John Weather- 
ley, agent 

Shields Kev. T. W., M.A. Yicarage 

Tate James, yarn merchant and agent, 
Ovingham Bleach Works 

Wilson John, blacksmith 

Boot and Shoemakers 

Daw^son John 
Easterby William 

Grocers 

Henderson George, and farmer 
Lamb James 
Rob son Mary 

Inns 

Ovingham Inn, John Weatherley 
Ovingham Bridge End Inn, Robert Ai'm- 
strong 

Tailors 

Cook Martin, merchant tailor, Bleacli 

Green 
Fletcher George 
Turner William 
Waugli Joseph 



'86 



TINDALE WAED— EAST DltlSTON. 



OviNGTON is a township and village, the property of Hemy Hind, Esq., 
Robert Surtees, Esq., Colonel Bigge, John Dobson Esq-, and others. It contains 
1,1 05 acres, and the rateable value is £1,763, with £164 tithes. Its population 
in 1801, was 344 ; in 1811, 369; in 1821, 362; in 1831, 339; in 1841, 
380 ; and in 1851, 405 souls. The manorial rights are vested in the several 
proprietors. The Village of Ovington occupies an elevated and healthy 
situation on the north bank of the Tyne, one mile W.N.W. of Ovingham. 
It consists of two respectable residences, two good inns, a few grocers' shops, 
and several houses and cottages. Here is an extensive brewery, belonging to 
Eorster, Potts, & Co. Ovington School was erected by subscription in 1843, 
and enlarged in 1850 by private donations. It is self-supporting, but under 
government inspection, and conducted on the national system, — James 
Landell and Elizabeth Dunn, teachers. Ovington Cottage, the residence 
of Henry Hind, Esq., is a handsome modern erection. 



Cook Martin, merchant tailor,Bleach Green 
Dunn Elizabeth, schoolmistress, Ovington 

School 
Errington John, blacksmith 
Einlay Thomas, tailor 
Hall Thos.YoungjOvingham Bleach Works 



Boot and Shoemakers 

Eorster Thomas 

Harle George 

Henderson John 

Lawson William j 

Brewers 

Potts, Eorster, & Co. Oving- 
ton Brewery 

Farmers 
Emmerson Thomas 
Hewison William 

Prudhoe is a township 



Hunter George 

Potts Eorster, and brewer, 

Ovington Hall 
Reed Thomas 

Grocers 
Bell Elizabeth 
Dunn William, and provision 

dealer 
Surtees Mary 

Inns 
Highlander, Walter Smith 
and village containing 



Hedley George, butcher 

Henderson Eobert, mason 

Henderson Thomas, mason 

Hind Henry, Esq. Ovington Cottage 

Jordan William, parish clerk 

Landells Jas.schoolmaster,OvingtonSchool 

SMiJ, Luke Johnson 



Joiners and Cabinet Makers 

Dunn William, and grocer 
Johnson Isaac, and cart- 
wright, &c. 
Proud Eobert 

Timber Merchant 

Johnson Isaac, & cartwright 
and joiner 

144 acres, the principal 



proprietors of which are the Duke of Northumberland, the Eev. Robert ; 
Capper, Mr. Anthony Bell, John Swinburne, Esq., and Joseph John Humble, 
Esq., of Prudhoe House. These several landowners also exercise the ma- 
norial rights and privileges. The number of inhabitants in 1801, w^as 318 ;■' 
in 1811, 294; in 1821, 293; in 1831, 341 ; in 1841, 369; and in ISolyi 
386 souls. Rateable value £1,216 10s. The Village of Prudhoe is 
pleasantly situated on a declivity south of the river Tyne, one mile S.S.E. of 
Ovingham. It consists of four farm houses, two inns, several workshops, and 
a considerable number of cottages. Here is a Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, 
which was erected by subscription in 1794, on land given by the late Anthony 
Humble, Esq., of this place. The Humbles are a very ancient family, and 
have been located in this place for upwards of seven centuries. Prudhoe 
School w^as erected by subscription in 1825, and is self-supporting. Mr. 
William Johnson, of Prudhoe Old Hall, has extensive fire-brick works in this 
township. 



OVINGHAM PARISH. 



787 



Post Office, Prudhoe. — Michael Hall, posttyiastcr 
at 10-45 a.m., and are despatched thereto at 8-8 p.m. 

Baty Isaac, saddler 
Bell The Misses Hannah and Mary 
Humble John Joseph, Esq.,PrudhoeHouse 
Keed Eobert, schoolmaster 



Letters arrive, from Gateshead, 



Eowe John, gardener 

Urvvin John, cartwright 

Wright Thos. joiner and cabinet mak ar 



Blacksmiths 

Donkin Thomas 
Eobinson William, and agri- 
cultural implement maker 

Boot and Shoemakers 

Atkinson Eobert 
Hall Michael 
TuUp John 

Builder and Contractor 

Lishraan John — WilUam 
Lishman, manager 

Butchers 

Green William 



Jewett Charles 



Farmers 

Donkin John 

Jewett Jonathan 

Johnson William, Prudhoe 

Old Hall 
Lishman John 
Murray Joseph 
Eiston John 

Fire-Brick Manufacturer 

Johnson William, Prudhoe 
Old Hall 



Grocers 
Hunter Geo. and registrar of 

births and deaths, &c. 
Jamison Thos. & woodman 

Inns 
Barley Moic, William Alther 
Doctor Syntax, Wm. Shaw 

Tailor and Draper 

Eobinson Thomas 

Woodmen 

Jamison Thomas 
Eobson George 
Taylor John 



Careier to and from Newcastle. — George Eobson, on Saturdays. 

Prudhoe Castlk is a township and hamlet, the property of the Duke of 
Northumberland, who is also lord of the manor. The township comprises an 
area of 719 acres, and its rateable value is £829 Is. Population in 1801, 
62; in 1811, 70; in 1821, 79; in 1831, 71; in 1841, 1.26; and in 
1851, 102 souls. The Newcastle and Carlisle Railway intersects this town- 
ship, and there is a station south of Ovingham. Prudhoe Castle, from 
Avhich the township derives its name, is situated on an eminence near the 
Tyne, and was anciently the principal seat of the Umfravilles, who were 
descended from Robert de Umfraville, lord of Tours and Vian, kinsman of 
William the Conqueror, from whom he had a grant of the valley, forest, and 
lordship of Reedsdale. The castle was gallantly and successfully defended 
against William, King of Scotland, in the reign of Henry II. Gilbert Um- 
fraville, one of this family, is styled a " famous baron, guardian, and chief 
flower of the north." From this family, Prudhoe Castle descended to the 
Tailbois, who forfeited their estate at the battle of Hexham, in 1464. The 
King granted it to John, Duke of Bedford, and afterwards to Henry Percy, 
first Earl of Northumberland, in whose family it still continues. In the 
year 1529 the castle is described as ruinous. The outer walls aj>pear to be 
the oldest part of the structure, as the square towers in the western side of 
the walls have circular basements, and the covered way which leads to the 
inner gate, is found to be of much stronger and better masonry than the 
lower part of the gatehouse tower itself. The keep has had winding galleries 
gained out of the thickness of the walls, and was three storeys in height. 
The ground on which the castle stands is high towards the river, and, on the 
opposite side, the walls have been defended by deep ditches, which were 
crossed by a draw-bridge. The remains of the castle have been secured 
from entirely falling, by judicious repairs in the parts most dilapidated. 



788 TINDALE WABD EAST DIVISION. 

The steep promontory upon \Yliicli the old fortress stands, communicates 
withtlie adjoining grounds by a narrow neck of land, stretchiug towards the 
sou'ii, and is guarded by an outward wall on the north, built on the edge of 
the cliffs, which rise to the height of sixty feet above the level of the river. 
This ruined structure forms a conspicuous object in this part of the vale of 
Tyne, and from whatever point it is viewed, its great extent, broken walls, and 
crumbling ruins, produce an august appearance. The Hamlet of Prudhoe 
Castle is situated half a mile S.S.E. of Ovingham. 

DiRECTOBT. — Joseph Bell, farmer, Broom Houses ; John Chaiiton, Edge- 
well House ; John Johnson, vict., Ovingham Boat House Inn ; Mrs. Sarah 
Laws, Prudhoe Castle ; Messrs. George and P. S. Laws, Prudhoe Castle ; and 
John Pieay, station master, Prudhoe Station. 

RoucHESTEE, oE RuDCHESTEE, is a tovmship in this parish, situated three 
miles N.N.E. of Ovingham. It contains 644 acres of land, and its 
population in 1801, was 28; in 1811, 27; in 1821, 31; in 1831, 28 ; in 
1841, 51; and in 1851, 48 souls. Thomas James, Esq., of Rotterburn 
Tower is landowner. This township contains the site of the Roman station 
Vindobala — for a description of which, see page 29, and comprises 
but one farm, which is occupied by the landowner. Here is also a large free- 
stone quarry. Alexander Scott, land steward, is the principal resident 

Spittle is a township, two and a quarter miles north of Ovingham. It is the 
property of Robert Ormston, of Newcastle ; contains 82 acres, and the number 
of its inhabitants in 1801, was 9; in 1811, 6; in 1821, 3; in 1831, 7; in 
1841, 10 ; and in 1851, 10 souls. The rateable value is £70. It contains 
only one farm, which is in the occupation of Harrison Green, farmer. 

Welton is a township and hamlet, the property of W. B. Beaumont, Esq., 
who is also lord of the manor. The township comprises an area of 1,183 
acres, 42 of which are covered by the reservoirs of the Whittle Dean Water 
Works, and its rateable value is £1,070. Population in 1801, 90 ; in 1811, 
77 ; in 1821, 67 ; in 1831, 69; in 1841, 59 ; and in 1851, 71 souls. The 
water works, which are partly in this township, and partly in that of Harlow 
Hill, consist of seven reservoirs, which cover an area of more than 100 acres, 
and are capable of containing 330,000,000 gallons of water. The works 
were commenced in 1846, and completed in 1848. In 1850, a small sup- 
plemental reservoir was formed, and two years subsequently another large one, 
called the " Great Northern," which covers an area of 40 acres. At the works 
there is a handsome and substantial stone cottage, having a spacious octagona,l 
room, in which the Directors of the Water Works Company meet occasionally, 
the other apartments are occupied by the superintendent. The Hamlet 
of Welton stands upon the line of Hadrian's valkim, three miles north by west 
of Ovingham, and according to Camden was the royal villa of King Oswy, which 
Bede calls Ad Murum, where Peada and Sigebert, kings of the Mercians 
and East Saxons were baptised by Finan, Bishop of Lindisfarne. Welton 
Tower, which was long the seat of a family that bore the local name, is now 
in ruins. 

DiEECTOEY. — Charles Dobson, shoemaker; George Johnson, Locker Hall; 



OVINGHAM PARISH. 



789 



William Reed, superiDtendent, Water Works ; and the farmers are George 
Byerley, Weltoii Hall ; Charles Charlton, Welton High Town ; and John 
Charlton, Welton New House. 

Whittle is a tow^iship in this parish, situated one mile and a quarter, 
north by west of Ovingham. It is the property of the Commissioners of 
Greenwich Hospital, contains 276 acres, and its rateable value is £420 10s. 
Population in 1801, 31; in 1811, 37; in 1821, 32 ; in 1831, 20 ; in 1841, 31 ; 
and in 1851,23 souls. There is a corn mill in this township, worked by 
John Crozier and Brothers. Whittle Dean is a deep wooded dell, which gives 
pame to the water works described in the township of Welton, 

Directory. — John Crozier and Brothers, corn millers, Whittle Mill ; and 
John Robsou Spraggon, farmer. Whittle. 

Wylam is a township and village, the property of J. B. Blackett, Esq., 
Mrs. Bewick, Thomas H. Liddell, Esq., and others. J. B. Blackett, Esq. 
is lord of the manor. The township comprises an area of 930 acres, and 
its rateable value is £3,163 12s. Population in 1801, 673 ; in 1811, 795 ; 
in 1821, 728; in 1831,887; in 1841, 984; and in 1851, 1,091 souls. This 
manor w^as formerly the property of Tynemouth Priory, and at the Dissolution 
was granted by the Crown to a branch of the Fenwick family. It was trans- 
ferred to the Blacketts in 1679, and has since continued their property. 
The Village of Wylam is situated two miles east by north of Ovingham, 
and is very irregularly built ; the inhabitants are chiefly employed in the 
coal and iron works. There are a few good inns, and some well supplied 
grocers' and other shops. The river Tyne, at this place, is crossed by a wooden 
bridge, supported by stone pillars, and on the frame work is laid a single line of 
rails, communicating with the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, the colliery, 
and the iron works. It belongs to a joint-stock company, who exact a toll of 
one penny from each passenger, every time he crosses the bridge. There is 
a Chapel here belonging to the Wesleyan Methodists. 



Post Office, Wylam, Ann Davison, Postmistress. Letters arrive from Newcastle and 
Gateshead, at about eleven o'clock a.m., and are despatched thereto 4-40 p.m. 



Atkinson Gr. C. Esq., Wylam Hall 

Atkinson J. J. sm^geon 

Bell and Brothers, iron merchants, &c. 

Clementson Oakwood Hall 

Carvings George, blacksmith 
Davison John, gardener 
Davison Mary, spirit dealer 
Futers Alice, schoolmistress 
Harle William, nnder viewer 
Hunter Matthew, tailor 



James Edward, Esq., Hollin Hall 

Moore John, colliery agent 

Mowbray Anthony, colliery engineer 

Potts Stephen, butcher 

Earasay Kobert, market gardener 

Eule George, schoolmaster 

Wylam Colhery.— J. F. B. Blackett, Esq. 

Owner 
Wylam Railway Station — William Bell, 

station master 



Boot and Shoemakers 
Bone Edward 
Futers John 

Com Millers 
Brown Ann & Co., Wylam 



Mill, Edward Milburn, 
manager; John Burn,book- 
keeper 

Farmers 
Charleton Wm. and grocer, 
&c. Bird Inn 



Laws William, Warsh House 
]\Iarch Robert, Wylam Wood 
Tate James, and yarn mer- 
chant ; ho. Ovingham 
Bleach Works 



L 



790 



TINDALE WABD — EAST DIVISION. 



' ' Grocers and Provision 
Dealers 

Charlton Wm. and farmer, 

Bird Inn 
Da%dson Ann, and draper, 

Post Office 
Marshall Eichard, and draper 



Inns and Taverns 

Bird Inn, John Charlton? 

and grocer, Szc. 
Black Bull, William March, 

and butcher 
East Boat, John Greener 



SHOTLEY PARISH. 



Fox (& Hounds, John Pringle 
Ship, Mary Mitchelson 
Three Tuns, George Greener 

Beer House 

Watt James 



Shotley parish comprises the chapelry of Blanchland, and the townships of 
Newbiggin and Shotley. It is bounded by the parishes of Allendale, Bywell 
St. Peter, Slaley and Hexham, except on the south, where it is divided 
from the county of Durham by the river Derwent, which here runs circuitously 
through a wild and picturesque vale. It contains an area of 1,246 acres, 
and its population in 1801, was 800; in 1811, 1,035; in 1821, 1,090; in 
1831, 1,101 ; in 1841, 1,245 ; and in 1851, 1,227 souls. The greater portion 
of this parish called High, or West Quarter, is a lofty region of bleak and barren 
moorlands, where lead ore is found in abundance. The Low, or East Quarter, 
which is merely another name for the township of Shotley, is tolerably fertile, 
and contains several good coal seams. Bolbeck Common, in this parish, was 
enclosed in pursuance of an act obtained in 1765. 

Blanchland, or High Quarter, is a chapelry township and village, the 
property of Lord Crewe's trustees. The township contains 3,728 acres of 
laud, and its rateable value is £735 5s. The number of inhabitants in 180 1 , was 
366; in 1811, 518; in 1821, 412; in 1831, 454; in 1841, 476; and in 
1851, 491 souls. The Village of Blanchland is situated in a narrow, deep, 
green vale, on the north side of the Derwent, nine miles south by east of 
Hexham. AYalter de Bolbeck, in 1175, founded an abbey here in honour of 
the Blessed Virgin, for twelve Prsemonstratensian canons, with liberty to add 
to their number. He gave to this abbey " the lordship, demesnes, and advow- 
son of the church of Blanchland, the appropriations and advowsons of the 
churches of Harelaw and Bywell, of St3^ford, of Shotley, of Apperley, and of 
the church of Heddon-on-the-Wall, dedicated to St. Andrew — the tithes of 
the village of Wulwardhope, and twelve fishes for their table out of his fishery 
at Styford, in lieu of tithe-fishes." The Nevilles were also among the bene- 
factors of this house, and King John, in the 16th year of his reign, confirmed 
all the donations, &c., which had been made to it. That the abbey of Blanch- 
land had attained some importance as early as the reign of Edward I., we 
may judge from the fact of its abbot being summoned to parliament during 
the reign of that monarch. At the Dissolution its annual revenues were then 
valued at £44 9s. Id. according to Speed, or £40 Os. 9d. according to Dug- 
dale. Henry VIII. granted the abbey lands, &c., to John Bellow and 
John Broxholm, but they afterwards passed to the Forsters, and reverted to 
the Crown on the attainder of Thomas Forster, who headed the rising in favour 
of the " Pretender" in 1715. They were subsequently purchased by Lord 
Crewe, Bishop of Durham, who left them for charitable purposes. The 
Church, or Chapel, dedicated to St. Mary, is a portion of the ruins olthe 



SHOTLEY PARISH. 



791 



ancient abbey church, wbich was repaired and made into a chapel of ease, in 
1752, by Lord Crewe s trustees, who also fitted up a comfortable bouse for 
the curate. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the patronage of the trustees 
of Lord Crewe's Charity ; gross income £198. Licumbent, the Kev. Charles 
Thorpe, M.A. Blanchland School is a neat structure erected in 1851, by 
Lord Crewe's trustees, by whom it has been endowed. The scholars pay one 
penny per week, for which small sum they are supplied with stationery, &c., 
Thomas Iley, teacher. 

AcTox is a hamlet in this township, seven and a half miles south by east of 
Hexham. Bat Bkidge is also a hamlet in this township, situated nine and a 
half miles south by east of Hexham. 



Boot and Shoe Makers 
Armstrong John 
Palliser James 



Post Office, Blanchland, W. Taylor, postmaster. Letters arrive from Newcastle 
and Gateshead, via Eiding Mill, at 3 p.m., and are despatched thereto at 8 a.m. 

Iley Thomas, schoolmaster 
Oliver E. miller 
Parker J. blacksmith 

Carr George, Birk Side 
Colpits Wm. Cow Byers 
Johnson Eobert, Coal House 
Morpeth Thos. Fell Grove 
Pickering George and John, 

Acton 
Sanderson Jane 

Joiners 
Green T. 

Peart Thomas, Shildon 
Pie Shopkeepers 

BeU E. and W. 



Butchers 
Hutchinson John 
Temperley Hannah 

Farmers 

Bell Ann, Cow Byers 
Bell George 
Brown John, Penny 
House 



Eoope Frederick, agent 

Thorpe Eev. Charles, M.A., incumbent' 



Blenk Joseph 

Brown George, flour dealer 

Oliver Joseph 

Oliver Thomas 

Taylor WilUam, draper 



Surgeon 

Thompson John 

Tavern Keepers 

Forster E. 

Green T, 

Mawson George, Bay Bridge 



Caeeiees. — Thomas and Joseph Oliver, to Hexham, on Tuesdays. 

Newbiggin is a township and hamlet, the property of Lord Crewe's trustees. 
The area of the township is 2,056 acres, and the rateable value £441 10s. 
Newbiggin is presumed to have been returned with Blanchland township in 
1801 and 1811. Its population in 1821, was 69; in 1831, 60; in 1841, 
56 ; and in 1851, 68 souls. The HAMLETof Newbiggin is pleasantly situated on 
the north bank of the Derv>^ent, nine miles south by west of Hexham. 

DiRECTOKY. — William Cowing, farmer, Embley ; Rev. Samuel Payne ; and 
Jasper Stevenson, farmer. 

Shotley or Low Quarteb, is a township and village in the parish of the 
same name, the property of H. Silvertop, Esq., of Minster Acres, Thomas 
Wilson, Esq., Nicholas Burnett, Esq., Sir Charles M.L.Monck, Bart., and others. 
The township contains 6,676 acres, and its rateable value is £3,836. The 
number of inhabitants in 1801, was 434 ; in 1811, 517 ; in 1821, 609 ; in 
183J, 590; in 1841, 714; and in 1851, 668 souls. Shotley, or Low 
Quarter, contains the villages and hamlets of Shotley Field, Greeuhead, Un- 
thank, Birkenside, and Allen's Ford. The Parish Church, dedicated to 
St. John, was erected in 1834, about two miles south of the site of the former 



792 TINDALE WARD — -EAST DIVISION, 

diurch, whicli is now in ruins, the foundations having given way in con- 
sequence of the working of the coal beneath. It is a- handsome Httle edifice, 
situated on the north side of the road leading from Stanhope to Shotley Bridge, 
about two miles from this latter place. The living, a perpetual curacy in the 
archdeaconry of Northumberland and deanery of Newcastle, is valued in the 
Liber Regis at £1 1 5s. ; gross income £139. Patrons, Lord Crewe's trustees; 
incumbent, the Rev. Robert Thompson, B.A. In Shotley Field is a small 
Baptist Chapel, erected in 1836. Shotley School was erected by subscrip- 
tion, in 1834, at a cost of £1 03 7s. It stands close to the former school-house, 
which was erected in 1803, by Nicholas Hopper, Esq., and is now^ the 
residence of the teacher, Mr. Matthew Robson. The school was founded by 
the will of A. Young, in 1796, and is free to the poor children of Shotley, 
East Division. The income is derived from the interest of £100 left by the 
founder, an annual payment of £10 from the trustees of Lord Crew^e's Charity, 
and other bequests and donations. Shotley Hall, the residence of Thomas 
Wilson, Esq., is situated at the confluence of the Shotley Burn and the Derw^ent, 
about three miles S.S.E. of the church. 

Allen's Fohd is a small hamlet in this township, on the north side of the 
Derv/ent, thirteen miles south-east of Hexham.. Biekenside is also abamlet in 
this township, eleven miles S.S.E. of Hexham. Geeenhead is a small village 
in this tovmship, eleven miles S.S.E. of Hexham, on the road leading to 
Woolsingham. A little to the north of Greenhead is Black Hedley, the 
ancient seat of the Hopper family. Greenhead is remarkable as being the 
birth-place of the celebrated John Lough, whose works have placed him in the 
foremost rank of modern sculptors. Kiln Pit Hill is a hamlet consisting 
of a fev/ cottages situated at the northern extremity of Shotley Low Quarter, 
at the intersection of the road leading from Corbridge to Allen's Ford, with 
that leading from "Whittonstall to Slaley, about a quarter of a mile west of 
Shotley old church. In the township of Whittonstall, contiguous to this 
hamlet, is a coal pit which is worked by Messrs. Bell and Robinson, Back- 
WAED Letch, a little north from Kiln Pit Hill, is a cottage and about five 
acres of land, in the occupation of John Milburn, he having obtained posses- 
sion of it by marriage with the daughter of Silas EUernton, who enclosed it 
from the "common land," in 1770. Shotley Field is another village in 
Shotley township, eleven miles south-east of Hexham. Unthank is a hamlet 
in this towmship, the property of H. Silvertop, Esq. ; it is intersected by the 
road from Allen's Ford, and has a gentle declivity sloping towards the Der- 
went. 

Bell Jobn, coalowner, Kilnpit Hill 
Burnett Gr. H. Esq. Wood House 
Carr Thomas, merchant tailor, Kilnpit Hill 
Dixon Thomas, woodman. Low Waskerley 

Cottage 
Elliott Thomas, joiner, Manor House 
Emmerson John, tailor & grocer, Quetre- 

way 
Gibson Eichard, farm steward, Low 

Waskerley 



Lishman Thos. stonemasoD and innkeeper,- 

Green Head 
Low William, tailor, Quetreway Heads 
Lough William, blacksmith, Quetreway 

Heads 
Pin key John, blacksmith, Birkenside 
Eeuton J. surgeon 
Kidley Christopher, shopkeeper, Green 

Head / 

Kobinson Joseph, gardener, Shotley Hall 



SLALEY PABISH* 



T93 



Kobson Foster, woodkeeper, Moss Wood 
Thompson Eev. Ebt. iucutnbent, Unthank 
Turnbull John, grocer, Kilnpit Hill 
Turnbull Thomas, boot and shoemaker, 

Kilnpit Hill 
T\'illdnson Henry, shoemaker, Kilnpit Hill 
"Wilkinson "William, shoemaker.Kilnpit Hill 
"Wilson Thomas, Esq. J. P. Shotley Hall 

Farmers 
Carr Henry, Shotley Field, North Farm 
Carr Henry Septimus, Shotley Field 
Chatt Teasdal, Edcly's Bridge 
Crosswell John, Field Head 
Dawson Margaret, Unthank 
Elliott Jas. and innkeeper, Manor House 



French Wm. Hole Kow 

Hall Thomas, High Waskerley 

Heppell George, Birkenside 

Hepple Thomas N. North Snodds 

Hull Thomas, and land agent, High 

Waskerley 
Hunter James, Eedweli Hall 
Maddison Thomas, Crooked Oak Farm 
Marriner Robert, and miller 
Mordue Robert, Summerfield 
Peart G-eorge, Fine House 
Richardson John, Wallis Walls 
Richardson William and George, Airey 

Holme, and Bolisher 
Eobson George, and joiner, South Snodds 
Young Thomas, Black Hedley 



SLALEY PAEISH. 



Slaley parish is principally the property of W. B, Beaumont, Esq., M.P,, 
James Sillick, Esq., George Carr, Esq., Mr John Blackburne, Mr Thomas 
Lamb, Mr. T. Teasdale, J. J. Wrightson, and the Commissioners of Green- 
wich Hospital. It is a wild and romantic district, lying between the Devil- 
Water and the Dipton-Burn, and is bounded by the parishes of Corbridge, 
Bywell, Shotley, and Hexham. It has no dependant townships, is about four 
miles in length by three in breadth, and comprises an area of 7,430 acres. 
The population in 1801, was 585 ; in 1811, 568 ; in 1821, 582 ; in 1831, 
616; in 1841, 547; and in 1851, 581 souls. The rateable value of the 
parish is £2,377, and the gross estimated rental £2,981 5s. 

The Village of Slaley, which is long and scattered, occupies an elevated 
situation five miles south of Hexham, and is very healthy, the air being pure 
in consequence of the absence of any works or manufactories likel}^ to 
impair it. The Church is a small stone edifice, capable of accommodating 
about 500 persons. The living is a perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry of 
Northumberland and deanery of Bellingham, valued in the Liber Kegis at 
£15, gross income £109. Patron, W. B. Beaumont, Esq., M.P. ; incumbent, 
the Rev. B. Hurst. The parish register commences in 1714. The Wesleyan 
Methodists have a Chapel here. Slaley School was erected by subscription, 
and endowed with a rent charge of £3 10s. per annum, by will of M. Carr, 
in 1729. Mr. Milton Carr, teacher. 

Charities. — Besides the school, this parish possesses the following 
bequests and donations, viz : — a rent charge of £2 per annum left to the poor 
by Dame Elizabeth Radcliffe, in 1688 ; a rent charge of £5 yearly bequeathed 
to the poor, in 1729, by Matthew Carr; a rent charge of £1 10s. given by 
Esther AUgood, for the same purpose ; and a rent charge of £2 per annum 
left by the Rev. George Ritschell, for the poor of Slaley parish. 

DuKESFiELBis a hamlet in this parish, one mile and a half W.S.W. of 
Slaley. 



■7M 



TINDALE -WABD— 'NOETH-EAST DIVISION. 



Blackburn George, butcher 

Hornsby J. & T. masons, Broad Pool 

Hurst Kev. B. incumbent 

Jewitt Joseph, dyer & bleacher, Dipton Mill 



Robson J. shopkeeper 
Teasdale J. miller, Dukesfield 
Teasdale Mr. Thomas 



Blacksmiths 

Jameson James 
Jameson Thomas 

Boot and Shoemakers 

Bates James 
Jewitt William 
Lamb George 

Farmers 

Bell Giles, White House 
Bell Robert, Coal Pits 
Bell Thos. Slaley Wood Foot 
Burdus Thomas, Coal Pits 
Burdus William, Dukesfield 
Blackburn Joseph, SteelHall 



Carr Milton, yeoman and 

schoolmaster 
Carr William 
Corbett Thomas, Trygill 
Dixon James, Duke's Hall 
Elhson Cuthbert 
Foster John 
Foster Thomas 
Hornsby George 
Lamb Thomas, yeoman 
Reed Thomas, Pye Hill 
Robson Matthew, Blackburn 
Robson J. & W. 
Robson William 
Rowell ThomaSjSlaley Town 

Foot 
Rutter Joseph, Wooley 



Carkier.— Thomas Swallow, to Newcastle, on Saturdays. 



Smith Robert, Spring House 
Taylor William, Marley Coat 

Walls 
WalkerDavid,Palm Strothers 

Inns 

Fox and Hounds, John Mid- 

dleton Foster 
JRose and Crotvn, William 

Allcroft 

Joiner and Cartwright 
Weatherley Johnson 

Tailors 

Jameson Henry, merchant 

tailor 
Robson Thomas, and parisli 

clerk 



TINDALE WARD.— NORTH EAST DIVISION. 



BIRTLEY PAROCHIAL CHAPELRY. 



- BiRTLEY parochial chapelry was separated from the parish of Chollerton, in 
1765, and received an independent jurisdiction. It includes the townships of 
Broomhope with Buteland, and anciently formed part of the barony of Prudhoe. 
It comprises an area of 6,720 acres, and the rateable value is £3,703 15s. 
Population in 1801, 490; in 1811, 505; in 1821, 480 ; in 1831, 447; 
in 1841, 472 ; and in 1851, 428 souls. The north-east part of this chapelry 
is mountaiDous and sterile, but on the banks of the North Tyne, the soil is 
tolerably fertile. Both coal and lime are found here. It is principally the 

property of the Duke of Northumberland, Dunn, Esq., Mr. Davison, 

and Captain Haggartson. The Duke of Northumberland is lord of the 
manor. 

The Village of Birtley is irregularly built, and consists principally of 
thatched house's. It is situated eleven miles north by west of Hexham, and 
five and a half miles N.N.W, of Chollerton. The Chapel is a neat stone 
edifice, but very limited in its dimensions. The living, a perpetual curacy, in 
the archdeaconry of Northumberland and deanery of Bellingham, is rated 
in the parliamentary returns at £140 ; gross income, £100. Patron, the Duke 
of Northumberland ; incumbent, the Rev. W. H. Wilson. The petty tithes 
are commuted for £128, payable to the vicar of Chollerton, the corn 
tithes amounting to.al)Qut£80 per, annucQ^ar-e,. payable, tp^^^,"^ 



CHOLLERTON PARISH^MV^Q^Kl-^ 795 

owner of the Chipcliase estate, and the chapel register commences in 1728. 
The Xattonal School, erected hy suhscription, in 1834, at a cost of £130, 
is a good stone building, situated in the centre of the village. In 1837, £5 
per annum was granted to this school, by the trustees of Betton's Charity, 
and in 1850, the Duke of Northumberland endowed it wdth the sum of £7 a 
year. For these two grants a number of poor children are educated without 
payment. There is also a day-school here, which was established in 1814, 
and to which the Duke of Northumberland pays £3 per annum for the free 
education of five poor children of Birtley chapelry. It is conducted by Mr. 
Thomas Stokoe. There is also another school which is respectably 
attended, and is under the superintendence of Miss Isabella Robson. 

BiRTLET Hall, the property of the Duke of Northumberland, and the 
residence of JMrs. Frances Crowther, is a neat stone edifice, erected upon a 
portion of the site occupied by the Old Hall, part of whose ruins still 
remain. Countess Park, the residence of Mr. Thomas Robson, is pleasantly 
situated on the east side of the North Tyne, and is sun^ounded by extensive 
plantations. The remains of an old camp, or " station," are still visible in 
this vicinity. Reedsmouth is a hamlet in this township, situated at the con- 
fluence of the Reed and North Tyne rivers, two miles east by south of 
Bellingham. 

Beoomhope with Buteland, a township in this chapelry, is situated one 
mile and a half N.N. W. of Birtley, and is the property of Greenwich 
Hospital; its rateable value, population, &c., are included in the returns of the 
chapehy. 
Beggs John, surgeon, Eeedsmouth Hall Westwick John, blacksmith 



Elliott John, shoe, clog, & last maker 

Elliott Thomas, shopkeeper 

Hedley John, coalowner. Tone Colliery 

Lowther Mrs. Frances, Birtley HaE 

Milbnrn George, parish clerk 

Milburn James, shoemaker 

Ridley Elizb. vict. Percy Arms 

Robson Isabella, day-school 

Robson John, joiner 

Robson Thomas, wood merchant and shop- 
keeper 

Stokoe Thomas, day-school 

Short Joseph, schoolmaster and registrar 
of births and deaths for Kirkwhelpington 
district, Birtley 

Urwin Henry, tailor, 

Urwin James, shoemaker, 



Farmers 
Armstrong John, (fecorn miller, Reedsmouth 
Charlton Joseph, Tone Hall 
Charlton Gilbert, Birtley 
Charlton William, Birtley Hill 
Davison John, Steel and Broomhope 
Forster Christopher, Reedsmouth 
Hutchinson Ralph, Carry House 
Jobson Wilham, Buteland 
Nicholson Jane, Tone Quarry House 
Robson Percy & Thos. Low Shields Green 
Robson Thomas, and wood merchant, corn 

and saw mills, Countess Park 
Simpson William and Thomas, Low Carry 

House 
Smith George, Birtley Shields 
Stokoe John, Warkshaugh Bank 

Caeeier to Hexham. — Thomas Stokoe, from Birtley, on Fridays. 



CHOLLERTON PARISH. 

Chollerton is a parish comprising the townships of -Barrasford, Chollerton, 
Colwell and Swinburn, and Gunnerton and Chipchace. It is bounded by the 
parishes of Bellingham, Gorsenside, Wark, Simonburn, St. John Lee, and 

3 c 



796 TINDALE WARD — NOBTH-EAST DIVISION. 

Thockrington, and comprises an area of 12,950 acres. The population in 
1801, was 1,137; in ]811, 1,]62; in 1821, 1,154; in 1831, 1,252; in 
1841, 1,129; and in 1851, 1,151 souls. The greater portion of this parish, 
is in a high state of cultivation, and abounds with coal and lime. The 
rateable value of the parish is £9,030 10s. 

Baeeasfoed is a township and village, the property of the Duke of 
Northumberland, who is also lord of the manor. The township contains 1,394 
acres, and the number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 169 ; in 1811, 181 ; 
in 1821, 193 ; in 1831, 232 ; in 1841, 209 ; and in 1851, 228 souls. This 
manor was formerly the estate of Eobert de Umfraville, who, having been in 
the Scottish w^ars in the reign of Edward I., obtained, in 1303, a license for 
a market here every Wednesday, and a fair on the 11th of November, with 
free warren in his lordship, but these privileges have long been disused. 
The Village of Barrasford is pleasantly situated on the North Tyne, seven 
miles north of Hexham. It is very irregularly built, and the cottages, for 
the most part, are covered with thatch. 



Welton William, builder 

Welton "William, tailor and draper 

Young Miss Jane, Ellwood House 

Farmers 

Coulson Jacob 
Forster Ealph 

Lawes AVilliam, and agent to the Duke of 
Northumberland 



Dodd John, shoemaker 

Graham Thomas, shopkeeper 

Graham William Thomas, butcher 

Mclntyre Patrick, tailor 

Prudhoe Elizaheth, innkeeper 

Prudhoe William, joiner 

Keed George, draper and grocer 

Eutter John, corn miller, Barrasford Mill 

Urwin Thomas, blacksmith 

Walton Thomas, builder, Barrasford Fell 

Cholleeton is a township and village in the parish of the same name, con- 
taining 2,817 acres, the property of Sir John Edward Swinburne, Bart , 
who is also lord of the manor. The populationin 1801, was 181, in 1811, 219 ; 
in 1821, 149; m 1831, 187; in 1841, 155; and in 1851, 157 souls. The 
Village of Chollerton is pleasantly situated on the eastern bank of the 
North Tyne, about five and a quarter miles north by east of Hexham. The 
Chuech, dedicated to St. Giles, is a neat stone edifice, wdth a small tower, 
and has recently undergone considerable improvements and alterations. It has 
been newly pewed, a nev>' organ, and organ gallery erected, the old windows have 
been removed, and beautifully stained glass ones occupy their place. The 
living is a vicarage, with the curacy of Chipchase, in the archdeaconry of 
Northumberland and deanery of Bellingham, and is valued in the Liber 
Begis at £6 14s. 4^d., gross income £399. The tithes are commuted for 
£473 2s. lOd. Patron and incumbent, the Eev. Christopher Bird, M.A. 
The parish register commences in 1647. 

Chaeity. — Ursula Mountney, in 1680, left a rent charge of £2 per annum 
to the poor of this parish. 

Thomas Elliott, generally called Tommy the Tinker, died at Chollerton 
Edge, in this parish, in ] 834, aged 87. He generally resided at Stamfordham, 
and in his peregrinations through life, used frequently to walk from Tweedmouth 
to the latter place, a distance of upwards of sixty miles in one day. He was 



CHOLLEKTON PAEISH. 



797 



very iudustrions, and is said to have reaped corn regularly every harvest for 
seventy-four years. 

The township of ChoUerton indudes the villages of Little Swinburn and 
Whiteside Law, the former of which is situated one mile and a half north 
by east of Swinburn Castle. 

DiEECTORT. — Eev. Christopher Bird, M.A. vicar of ChoUerton, Vicarage ; 
and the farmers are Thomas Armstrong, Beaumont House, Newton, ChoUer- 
ton ; George Rochester, ChoUerton Middle Farm ; and WiUiam, Michael, 
and Joseph Taylor, Whiteside Law. 

CoLWELL AND SwiNBURN form a township in this parish, the property of 
Thomas Pdddell, Esq., who is also the possessor of the manorial rights and 
privileges. The township comprises anarea of 4,432 acres. The number of 
its inhabitants in 1801, was 407 ; in 1811,387; in 1821, 403 ; in 1881, 
411 ; in 1841, 393 ; and in 1851, 393 souls. The Village of ColweU is 
situated near the intersection of the Watling Street by the Cambo-road, 
eight miles north by east of Hexham. Swinburn is a large estate, which 
forms a joint township with ColweU, and extends upwards of three miles 
along the east side of the rivulet, from which the name of the estate is de- 
rived. It was anciently held by the Gunnertons, under the barony of Bywell, 
for the service of two knights' fees. In the reign of Edw^ard II., it w^as the 
seat and manor of Adam de Swinburn, on whose decease it was transferred 
to Sir John de Widdrington, of Widdrington Castle, who married the heiress 
of the Smnburns, and whose family were the proprietors of this estate for 
many generations. It was purchased by Thomas Riddell, Esq., of Fenham, 
in 1695, and has since been the property of his descendants. Swinburn 
Castle, the residence of Captain Coulson, is a beautiful stone structure, 
pleasantly situated in an extensive park, about eight miles north by east of 
Hexham. In the vicinity of the Castle is a neat Catholic Church, erected in 
1842, and entirely supported by Thomas Piiddell, Esq. Rev. Peter AUanson, 
priest. 

There is a spring of excellent water on the land occupied by Mr. Edward 
Stephenson in this township. It is called the " Bore Well," from its being 
discovered while " boring" for coal. 

AUanson Eev. Peter, Swinburn Hermitage 

Blacklock Lnke, blacksmith, ColweU 

Carr George & Sons, builders, ColweU 

Coulson Captain John Blenkinsopp, Swin- 
burn Castle 

Dodd William, shoemaker, ColweU 

Dodds John, shopkeeper, Cowdon 

Jobling William, Esq. Cowdon House 

Eobson Koger, cartwright. Low W^ell House 

Stokoe Thomas, tailor, ColweU 

Surtees Thomas, joiner, builder, & timber 
merchant, ColweU 

TurnbuU William, shoe and clog maker, 
ColweU 

Watson Thomas, gamekeeper, Swinburn 



Farmers 

Armstrong John, Little Swinburn 

Gibson John, Cohvell 

Herdman James, and wood agent, Swin- 
burn 

Herdman John, and corn miller, Swinburn 
MiU 

Hogg Francis, and vict. Tonepit House 

Hudson Edward, Low Cowdon 

Hutchinson WUUam, and collector of pro- 
perty and income taxes, Swinburn Wood 
HaU 

Eobson Joseph, Edge House 

Simpson Thomas, Short Knows, Little 
Swinburn 



798 TINDALE WAR1>--N0IVTH-EAST DIVISION. 

Steplienson Edward^ Colwell Well Houses I Stephenson Tbos. and yeomat), Wheat-liill 
Steplienson John, Colt Crag Watson William, Colwell Fell House 

Stephenson Robert, Colwell I Watson WiUiam, Fawcit 

Caeeiees. — Walter Fiddes and Hugh Moore, to Newcastle, and Thomas Taylor to 
Hexlaain, on Tuesdays from Colwell. -. < . a:;; ■::;•■; r}^^\vy,'j uv^-s ^^■^r::-ij. bi\it^<t 

1 I -laacuD (B'loIifiJ ,Mol, hfls giJiflOilT- xiuxiil 

GuNNERTON AND Chipchase form k joiiit townsMp, containing 4,307. ac'i'es. 
The population in 1801 was 370; in 1811, 375 ; in 1821, 409; in 1831, 
422; in 1841, 372; and in 1851, 373 inhabitants. The principal land- 
owners are the Bev. C. Bird, B. W. Graj^ Esq., and Thomas Biddell, Esq. 
Each landowner claims the manorial rights of his own property. Coal is 
found in great abundance in this ueighbourlaood, and a tile manufactoiy is 
carried on in the vicinity of Gunnerton. There is a National School in this 
township, about two miles north of ChoUerton. It was erected by subscrip- 
tion in 1831, at an expense of £240, and is a neat stone structure with 
teacher's house annexed. The average attendance is about forty pupils. 
The Village of Gunnerton is situated about nine miles north by w^est of 
Hexham. There was formerly a chapel here, but not a vestige of it now 
remains. u: jiojieiloiiO bmi 

Chipchase is an estate, nine and a half miles north by west of Hexham, 
and forming a joint township with Gunnerton. It was anciently a member 
of the manor of Prudhoe, and in the reign of King John, was the property of 
Odonel de Umfraville, who gave the chapel here to the Canons of Hexham, 
but the manor to his son and heir, in whose family it continued for many 
generations. In the reign of Edward I., Chipchase was the property of Peter 
de Insula, and afterwards of a branch of the ancient family of the Herons, of 
Eord Castle, one of whom sold it to George Allgood, Esq., who, in his turn, 
disposed of it to John Beed, High Sheriff of Northumberland, in 1732. On 
his decease in 1754, the estate was inherited by his nephew, Christopher 
Soulsby, who assumed the name of Beed, and married the eldest daughter of 
Erancis Blake, Esq., of Twizell. It afterwards came into the possession of 
B. W. Gray, Esq., the present possessor. Chipchase Castle is a large and 
beautiful structure occupying an elevated situation, and surrounded by a spa- 
cious park, in the vicinity of the North Tyne. It has undergone many re- 
pairs and improvements from time to time, and very little of the old fortress 
of the Herons is now in existence. Chipchase Chapel was rebuilt on the 
lawn by the first John Beed, Esq., of this place, and the vicar of Chollerten 
performs duty here four times a year, for .wbick- he; receiyjes,.^2.i iiv.. Jiewt ol 
tithes. 8% jfi Laiilfr/ aiTrsrfpml'ioH to xwcm^jh 

Camp Hill in this township, in the occupancy of Mr. William Bullock, is 
situated near Gunnerton. Here are distinct traces of two or three Bonian 
camps or stations, and coins of various. dates have often been disc6vered_. ' 

Post Office, Gunnerton, John Oliver, postmaster. Letters arrive h^e from ETex*^ 
ham at 6 pja.,ajida4;e, despatched, thereto fJi & a. w^^^ { i.w ■ :- ^ .rlt 



.^foni 



'COESMSIDE PASM? 



a J ACT."' 



799 



Charlton Edwafd, oartwriglit, Gunnerton 
Charlton John, plasterer, Gunnerton 
Charlton William, cartwright, Gunnerton 
Coulson Thomas, jun. shoe & clog maker, 

Gunnerton 
Deans George, coal owner, Blackhill 
Dunn Thomas and John, tailors, Gunner- 
ton 
Dunn "VVilham, shoe and clog malcer, Gun- 
nerton 
GuNNEKTON CoLLiERY Co. Joseph Hender- 
son, manager 
Marshall Thomas, saddler, Gunnerton 
Mattinson Thomas, schoolmaster 
Richardson William, saddler, Gunnerton 
Walton Robert, butcher, Gunnerton 



Weightman Elizh. shopkeeper, Gunnerton 
Welton George, builder, Gunnerton 

Farmers 
Armstrong John, Shortmoor 
Armstrong Thomas, and miller, Chipchase 
Benson William, Park House 
Bullock WilUam, Camp Hill 
Deans Jacob and William, Blackhill 
Dodd Joseph, Gunnerton 
Green Joseph, Gunnerton 
Kitchen Thomas, Gunnerton 
Marshall Thomas, and vict. Black Horse^ 

and blacksmith, Gunnerton 
Robson Robert, Pitts Houses 
White John 



CORSENSIDE PARISH. 

CoRSENSiDE parish is bounded by Bellingham, Elsdon, Kirkwhelpington, 
and Chollerton, and is intersected by the river Reed. It is about six miles 
long by four and a half broad, and comprises an area of 11,132 acres ; rate- 
able value, £6,193 10s. The population in 1801, was 375 ; in 1811, 424 ; 
in 1821, 487; in 1831,524; in 1841, in consequence of the prosperous state 
of the ironworks, it had increased to 1,108 ; and in 185 1, the stoppage of the 
same works reduced the population to 579 souls, half the inhabitants having 
left the parish. The land on the east and west sides of this district, are 
bleak, moorish, and sterile, but near the river the soil is of a light gravelly 
nature, and produces abundant crops of grass and corn. Both coal and lime- 
stone are found here. This parish is not divided into townships, but it is 
separated into three portions called constable wicks. The landowners are William 
and Henry Thompson, Richard and Paul Shanks, William Jobling, Thomas 

Hall, Gregson, Stephen Reed, Colonel Reed, Mrs. Mary Dodds, Richard 

Shanks, Wm. John Shanks, John Shanks, Ralph Shanks, and John Thompson, 
each of whom claims the manorial rights of his own property, and the Duke 
of Northumberland that of the common. Corsenside contains the villages of 
East and West Woodburn, but has not a village of its own name. The Parish 
Church, a small stone edifice of great antiquity, is pleasantly situated on the 
north-west side of the parish, five and a half miles north-east by north of 
Bellingham. The living was formerly the property of Holystone priory, but 
is now a discharged vicarage in the archdeaconry of Northumberland, and 
deanery of Bellingham, valued at £3 Is. 3d., returned at £80 ; gross income 
£224. Tithes commuted in 1839, aggregate amount £174. Patron, Mrs. 
Bewick; incumbent, the Rev. W. Kelly, B.A. The parish register com- 
mences in 1726. 

Woodburn East is a village in this township, situated on the east side 
of the Reed, five miles north-east by east of Bellingham, at the confluence of 
the Burn from which it derives its name. Here is a National School, erected 



8G0 TINDALE WAED NOETH-EAST DIVISION. 

by subscription in 1854, at a cost of £200. It is principally supported by the 
Duke of Northumberland and the Rev. W. H. Wilson. 

WooDBURN West, another village in this township, stands on the west side 
of the Reed, four and a half miles north-east of Bellingham. The scenery in 
this neighbourhood is very picturesque, especially on the banks of the Reed, 
and the Woodburn rivulets, which unite near the village. To the east, the 
towering heights of Otter Caps are seen, while on the west, the view is ter- 
minated by a long range of hills, which rise in various forms and attitudes, 
and extend hence to Scotland. The rock called Darnock Craig, in which 
there is a fine natural cave, containing a spring of excellent water, is situated 
on the north side of the parish. The village of West Woodburn possesses a 
school, which was erected by subscription in 1816, upon ground given by the 
late Rev. Anthony Hedley. There are two tile works situated in this parish, 
one at Chesterhope, carried on by Messrs. Robert Riddell and Sons, and the 
other at Broadgate, the property of Mr. George Dixon. Lamehead Water- 
fall and Shooting Box, the property of William Jobling, Esq., are much resorted 
to, for their picturesque scenery. 

RisiNGHAM, the ancient Habitancum, is situated on a rising ground, and 
close to the Watling Street, about half a mile south-west of West Woodburn, 
Its walls stand upon, or enclose nearly four acres and a half of dry, rich 
ground on the southern margin of the river Reed. Numerous altars and 
inscriptions have been lately found in this neighbourhood, and have been 
removed to the Museum at Newcastle. In 1840, Mr. Richard Shanks, of 
Parkhead, discovered the remains of some baths at the south-east corner of 
the station. Camden says, Risingham means the " Giant's" habitation, and 
he also tells us that in his time, the inhabitants had a traditional tale of the 
God Magon, who defended himself here, and maintained his fortress against 
all comers. This relation, he adds, is authenticated, as to the reality of such 
a personage as Magon, in the ages of antiquity, by two Roman inscriptions 
found in the river there. The first inscription given by Camden is as follows: 
— " Deo Mogonti Cadenorum et Numini Domini Nostri Augusti Marcus 
Cains Secundinus Beneficiaiius Consulis Habitanci Primas, tam pro se et 
suis posuit." The altar bearing this inscription is now in Trinity College, 
Cambridge. Another inscription on an altar found here, is read by Horsley : 
— '- Numinibus Augustorum, Cahors Quarta Gallorum Equitum fecit." From 
the "remains" which have been found here, and from the inscriptions, &c., 
which have been brought to light, it is conclusive that this place must have 
been the Roman Habitancum, and that it was a station about the time of 
Aurelius Antoninus, and had certainly gone to decay before the reign of 
Caracalla, but afterwards was restored. 

In the glen, about one mile E.S.E. of Risingham, is Chesterhope, where 
several altars, &c., have been discovered. At Park Head, a little to the north 
of Chesterhope, is the figure of Robin of Risingham, or Robin of Reedsdale, 
for it is known to the people of the neighbourhood by both names, and has 
given rise to several speculations among antiquaries, as to whom it was in- 
tended to represent, and at what period it was carved. Warburton in his 



COESENSIDE PARISH. 



801 



map of Nortliumberland, published previous to 17S7, appears to have been the 
first who gave an engraving of it, to which he subjoins the following brief 
notice : — -" This antick figure I find cut on a rock in Risingham, in Reedsdale, 
called the Soldan's Stone." This celebrated figure was cut in bold relief upon a 
huge block of sandstone rock, on the brow of the hill, a few yards to the wxst 
of the Watling Street, and upon the estate called the Park Head. The stone 
was five sided, six feet on the base, eight feet high, five feet on the two sides 
to the right of the middle of its front, seven feet on the uppermost side to 
the left, and four on the lower, and about six feet in thickness. The figure 
itself was about four feet high ; had a panel above it about twenty-nine inches 
long, and twenty broad, as if intended for an inscription, and a square block 
or altar opposite the right knee, probably left for the same purpose. There 
is every reason to assign its origin to the Roman era in Britain. The Roman 
panel, the altar, the Phrygian bonnet, the toga, and the tunic, all point out 
its fabricators ; and tlie hare it holds in the left hand, with the bow in its 
right, are symbols plainly indicating that it was set up in memory of some 
gi'eat hunter. Sir Walter Scott, in his notes to Rokeby, Canto 3rd, speaking 
of this figure, observes : — " The popular tradition is, that it represents a 
giant, whose brother resided at Woodburn, and he himself at Risingham. 
It adds that they subsisted by hunting, and, that one of them finding the 
game become too scarce to support them, poisoned his com.panion, in whose 
memory the monument was engraven," What strange and tragic circum- 
stances may be concealed under this legend, or wdiether it is utterly apocry- 
phal, it is now impossible to discover. The only part of Robin which now 
remains, is from the waist downwards, that portion of the stone which con- 
tained the trunk and head having been broken off. 

Post Office, West WooBBiriiN, Th.om9iS Moxtmson, 2:>ostmaster. Letters arrive here, 
from Bellinghara, at 9-30 p.m., and are despatched at 2 30 p.m. 



Post Office, Beedsdale, Thomas Riddell, postmaster. Letters arrive here, from 
Bellingham, at 9 p.m., and are despatched thereto at 8 p.m. 



Anderson Mrs. Diana, Seirlaw Cottage 
Anderson Miss Elizabeth, Woodburn 
Davison Mrs. Eleanor, Vicarage 
Graham Mr. John, Seirlaw Cottage 
Hedley Gabriel, builder, Woodburn 
Lumley Miss Ellen, Wood House, Wood- 
burn 
Koutledge Thomas, surgeon, High Leam 
Wallace George, butcher, Woodburn 

Academies and Schools 
National, East Woodburn, Abraham Wil- 
son, teacher 
WooDBUEN, John Douglas, teacher 

Blacksmiths 

Davison John, Woodburn 
Lee Joseph, Brandy Bank 



Boot and Shoemakers 
Davison Eobert, Woodburn 
Davison Walter, Peel Cottage 
Smith Henry, Yellow House 

Brick and Tile Manufacturers 

Dixon George, Broadgate 
Biddell Robert and Son, Chesterhope 
Fanners 

Marked (*) are yeomen 
Bell Christopher, Low Chesterhope 
Best John, High Park 
Brown and Stothert, Brandy Bank 

* Charter Forster, Woodbmii Hill 

* Dodds Mary, High Leam 
Hindmarsh Eobert, Broorahill 
Martinson Thomas, Woodburn 



802 



TINDALE WARD— NORTH-EAST DIVISION. 



Mather James, Blakelaw 

Murray Joseph, Cragg 

Potts Henry, Woodburn 

Riddell Edward and Wilham, Low Learn 

Riddell Nicholas, Hair Walls 

Rutherford Andrew, High Shaw 

♦ Shanks Daniel, Whitston House 

* Shanks Eichard, Parkhead 
Thompson "William and Michael, Brigg 
Walton Michael and Wilham James, East 

Woodburn 
Wear Thomas, and corn miller, Woodburn 

Mill 
Wheatley and Davison, Woodburn 
Wood Daniel, Woodburn Townhead 
Wood Wilham and Ralph, Chesterhope 

Grocers and dealers in Sundries 

Armstrong Mary, Reedsdale 
Davison John, Woodburn 



Martinson Thomas, Woodburn 

Miller Wilham, & draper. East Woodburn 

Thompson George, Woodburn 

Hotels and Inns 

Bay Horse, Edward Riddell, Woodburn 
Dun Cow, Thomas Shipley, Fourlaws 
Fox <& Bounds, John Brown, Brandy Bank 
Queen's Head, Dorothy Robinson, East 
Woodburn 

Beerhouse 

Dobson Roger, East Woodburn 

Joiners and Builders 

Martinson Alexander, Woodburn 
Wheatley Edward, Woodbi^n/ aid.^ 

Tailors ■ • • 

Robson WilUara, and draper, Woodburn 
Slasor Robert, Woodburn 

Carriers. — To Newcastle, Thomas Wear, on Wednesdays; to Hexham, John Oi'd and 
Thomas Hedley, on Tuesdays. ■ ..■ r,\.V' ,J^->J 

s:i:r siTiBOod sniirio.i 



KIRKHARLE PARISH. 



KiRKHARLE parish comprises the townships of Harle (Little), Harle (West), 
and Kirkharle, and is bounded by the parishes of Kirkwhelpington, Thock- 
rington, and Hartbiu-n. The townships of Harle (Little), and Harle (West), 
were added to this parish by an order of the Queen in council, in 1847, and 
severed from the parish of Kirkwhel ping ton, to which they formerly belonged. 
At the same time and by the same order the^ township of Hawick, in Kirk- 
harle parish, was transferred to that of Kirkwhelpington. Kirkharle parish com- 
prises an area of 3,502 acres, and its population in 1801, was S81 ; in 1811, 
337; in 1821, 304; in 1831, 286 ; in 1841, 299; and in 1851, 253 souls. 

Hakle (Little), a township, situated one mile and a quarter south-east by.[, 
east of Kirkwhelpington, is the property and seat of Thomas Anderson, Esq.,j:j 
who is also lord of the manor. It comprises an area of 701 acres, and it-Sju 
rateable value is £735 16s. 6d. The tithes were commuted in 1839 ; aggre-i t 
gate amount £12 16s. 8d., vicarial, and £1 8s. impropriate. The number of 
its inhabitants in 1801, was 67 ; in 1811, 77 ; in 1821, 48 ; in 1831, 64 ; 
in 1841, 51; and in 1851,_ 67 souls. This est-ate w^as formerly one of the 
manors of the barony of Prudhoe, of which it was held, in 1552, by John de 
Fenwick. It came afterwards into the possession of the Aynesleys of Shaftoe, 
from whom it was transferred by marriage to Lord Charles Murray, youngest 
eon of the Duke of Athol, who assumed the name of Aynsley. It is now the 
property of the gentleman above-mentioned, who resides at Little HAELE.i^i 
Tower, an ancient building beautifully situated, and surrounded by line xa 
forest trees. The principal resident is Thomas Anderson, Esq., Xii]t{tl^ ilJ^jJ^^H 
Tower. ; ■ ,tv2.io£lJioix-^cr 

S^ ^ S 



Kini^ Beaton chapelry. 803 

Harle (West) is a township and hamlet, the property of Thomas 
Anderson, Esq., who is also lord of the manor. The township contains 661 
acres, and its rateable value is £400. It contained in 1801, 48; in 1811, 
65 ; in 1821, 64 ; in 1831, 55 ; in 1841, 38 ; and in 1851, 22 inhabitants, 
Tithes commuted in 1839, aggregate amount £16 7s. 5d. impropriate, and 
£8 lis. 8d. vicarial. This estate was formerly possessed by the ancient family 
of Widdrington, and subsequently by the Harles. The Hamlet of West 
Harle is situated two miles S.S.W. of Kirk Whelpington. William Curry, 
farmer, is the principal inhabitant. 

KiRKHARLE is a tomiship and village in the parish of the same name, the 
property of Thomas Anderson, Esq., who is also the possessor of the manorial 
rights and privileges. The township comprises an area of 2,140 acres, and 
its rateable value is £2,184. Population in 1801, 166 ; in 1811, 195; in 
1821, 196; in 1831, 167; in 1841, 210; and in 1851, 164 souls. This 
was one of the manors of the barony of Bolbeck, which belonged to Robert de 
Harle in the reign of Edward III. It was afterwards the property of the 
Strothers, from whom it descended to the Loraines, whose ancestor, 
Robert, was one of those who accompanied the Conqueror in his invasion of 
England, and received, as his share of the spoil, large estates in the county 
of Durham, where the family resided till the reign of Henry V., when William 
Loraine became the proprietor of Kirkharle estate, by marrying the eldest 
daughter of Wilham de Strother. The Village of Kirkharle is pleasantly 
situated on the Cambo-road, about thirteen miles N.N.W. of Hexham. The 
Church is dedicated to St. Wilfrid. The living, a vicarage in the arch- 
deaconry of Northumberland and deanery of Bellingham, is valued in the 
Liber Regis at £3 8s. 4d., gross incom^e £197. Patron, Thomas Anderson, 
Esq. ; incumbent, the Rev. Thomas Redman ; the Rev. John Horsley New- 
ton, B.A., is the resident curate. The parish register commences in 1692. 
Here is a colliery and tile works, wliich are extensively carried on by Thomas 
Anderson, Esq. 

Directory. — Walter Balmer, steward; John Liddle, blacksmith; Rev. 
John Horsley Newton, B.A., Vicarage ; Joseph Parslow, foreman, Mirlow 
House ; Nicholas Thomas Soppet, coal agent; James Thornton, shopkeeper; 
and the farmers are Andrew Robinson, Kirkharle ; Ralph Shanks, Kidlaw^ ; 
Thomas R. Weddle, Shield Hill ; and William Weddle, Greatlaw. 

KIRK HEATON EXTRA-PAROCHIAL CHAPELRY. 

Kirk Heaton is an extra-parochial chapelry, on the north of the parish of 
Stamfordham, to which it was formerly annexed. It comprises an area of 
1,760 acres, and its population in 1801, was 147 ; in 1811, 153; in 1821, 
140; in 1831, 182; in 1841, 164; and in 1851, 153 souls. Calverley B. 
Bewick, Esq., is the landowner. Here is a coUiery^ and limeldln, which are 
extensively worked by Messrs. William Grace & Co. The Village of Kirk- 
Heaton occupies an elevated position about nine and a half miles north-east 
by north of Hexham. From the eminence upon which it is situated, a most 

3 c 2 



'8G'4 TINDAEE WARD — ^NORTH-EAST DIVISION. 

extensive view of the suiToiiuding countiy may be obtained, while on the east 
a.nd south-east a portion of the German Ocean and Gateshead Fell is plainly 
discernible. The Chapel was rebuilt in 1775, at the expense of Mrs. H. 
D. Windsor, at that time lady of the manor. The living, a perpetual curacy 
in the patronage of C, B. Bewick, Esq., is valued at £60 per annum, and 
enjoyed by the Rev. Humphrey Brown. The Parsonage was formerly the 
Manor House. This chapeky registers with Thockrington, which see. 

Arthur James, shoemaker 
Atkinson John, shopkeeper 
Bawn WilHam, vict. Black Horse 



Brown Eev. Humphrey, incumhent, Par- 
sonage 

Cuthbert Edward, joiner 

Grace WiUiara & Co. coal owners, Kirk 
Heaton Colhery 

Henderson Thomas, shoemaker 

Nicholson T. manager,Kirk HeatonColliery 



Patterson John, limeburner 
Eeay Edward, shopkeeper 



Farmers 

Anderson John, and grocer 
Charlton Forster, Bog Hall 
Charlton Thomas, Mount HuUy 
Pattison John, Toft Hall 
Eeay Thomas and Eichard 



1 



KIRK WHELPINGTON PARISH. 

Kirk Whelpington is a parish, comprising the townships of Bavington 
(Great), Capheaton, Catcherside, Coldwell, Crogdean, Fawns, Hawick, Kirk- 
Whelpingtou, and Whelpington (West). It is bounded by the parishes of 
Elsdon, Hartburn, Corsenside, and Thockrington, and comprises an area of 
13,351 acres, The population in 1801, was 714; in 1811, 814; in 1821, 
793 ; in 1831, 789 ; in 1841, 705 ; and in. 1851, 679 souls. The township 
of Hawick was given to this parish in 1847, in exchange for the townships of 
Little Harle and West Harle, which were transferred to Kirk Harle parish. 
This extensive district consists principally of moorlands, which, however, 
afford excellent pasturage for sheep and cattle, and in some parts of the parish 
the soil is well suited for the purposes of the dairy. The salubrity of the 
atmosphere in this part of the country is much celebrated, and instances of 
longevity are not at all uncommon. 

Bavington (Great) is a township and hamlet, the property of James D. 
Shaftoe, Esq., who is also lord of the manor. The township comprises 
an area of 1,565 acres, and its rateable value is £1,844 10s. 2d. The num- 
ber of its inhabitants in 1801, was 82 ; in 1811, 75 ; in 1821, 74 ; in 1831, 
70; in 1841, 69 ; and in 1851, 78 souls. The Hamlet of Great Baving- 
ton is situated three miles south of Kirk Whelpington. Here is a Scotch 
Presbyterian Chapel, which was erected in 1725, and is now under the pasto- 
ral care of the Eev. Alexander Forsyth, who has established a very superior 
school here, in which the highest branches of education are taught by Mr. 
James Anderson. A neat " Manse" is at present (1854) in course of erection. 

Directory. — Rev. Alexander Forsyth, Barrington Manse ; James Ander- 
son, teacher ; Jacob Carr, mason. Lady Well ; Thomas Finling, shoemaker; 
and the farmers are Thomas Hemsley, New Houstead ; Simon Lamb, Clay 
Walls ; William Stephenson ; and Richard Weddle, Campwell. 



KIRK WHELPINGTON PARISH. '805 

Capheaton, a township and Tillage in the above parish, comprises 2, '^13 
acres, and its population in 1801, was 208 ; in 1811, 222 ; in 1821, 225 ; in 
1831, 232 ; in 1841, 213 ; and in J 851, 226 souls. Sir John E. Swinburne 
is the proprietor of the whole township and lord of the manor. This beautiful 
district has been the property of the S\Yinburne family from a very early period. 
Sir John Sv.inburne was created a baronet in 1660, and that title has been 
borne by his descendants ever since. The Village of Capheaton is situated 
four miles S.S.E. of Kirk Whelpington. Here is a school which has been 
erected by the lord of the manor, and is now conducted by Mr William Turn- 
bull. Capheaton Hall, the seat and property of Sir John E. Swinburne, 
Bart., is a handsome edifice, erected in 1668, from the designs of Robert 
Trollop, the architect of the Old Exchange, at Newcastle, and of the present 
Mansion House, at Netherwitton . The library here contains one of the most exten- 
sive and best selected collections in the north of England. The pleasure grounds 
are laid out in a tasteful manner, and the clumps of trees which are scattered 
over the land, render the scene singularly beautiful. In 1745, some labourers 
employed in making a hedge to the lane, since that time called Silver Lane, 
about half a mile north of Capheaton, found several Roman coins, and a 
Roman service of plate, consisting of various vessels of silver. They secreted 
and sold all the coins, and after breaking the bottoms out of some of the vessels, 
and the handles and ornaments of others, disposed of them also, except the 
following, which were presented to the lord of the manor, viz : — one silver dish 
entire, weighing twenty-six ounces ; the bottoms of three others ; three handles 
adorned with beautiful figures in relief ; part of another carved handle ; a 
figure of Hercules and Antceus wrestling ; and a figure of Neptune. These, 
with a few fragments recovered by the honesty of a silversmith in Newcastle, 
were presented by the present baronet to the British Museum. 

Biography. — Among the members of the ancient family of Swinburne, 
none, probably, experienced vicissitudes so romantic as Sir John Swinburne, 
the first baronet. He was sent, while a child, to a monastery in France, 
where a Northumberland gentleman, of the Radcliffe family, accidentally 
visiting the place, recognised his features as those of the Swinburnes. On 
enquiring of the monks, how the boy came there, the only answer they 
could give, was, that he came from England, and that the payment for his 
board and lodging was annually remitted. On questioning the boy himself, 
it v>'as, however, found that his name was Swinburne, which, rnth the account 
of his father's death, and his own m3^sterious disappearance from Northum- 
berland, induced the superior of the monastery to allow him to return home, 
where, in an inquest specially empannelled for that purpose, he identified 
himself to be the son of John Swinburne and Ann Blount, by the description 
he gave of the marks upon a cat, and a punch bowl, which were still in the 
house. Charles II., in 1660, regarding his loyalty and zeal for the restoration, 
advanced him to the dignity of a baronet, in the patent for which, he styled 
him " \T.rum patrimonio censu, et morum probitate spectabilem." He was 
singularly easy in his afflictions, and in his prosperity favourable to his 
neighbours both by hospitality and other good qualities, which gained him the 
respect and affection of his country. He died on the 19th June, 1706. 



806 



TINDALE WARD— NOETH-EAST DITISIOK. 



Post Office, Capheaton.— Ann Bodsori, postmistress. — Letters arrive here, from New- 
castle, at 12-30 noon, and are despatched at 7-30 p.m. ■,.-. 



Capheaton School, William Turnbrdl, 

master 
Davison Thomas, butcher. Clock Mill 
Dobson Ann, shopkeeper 
Dobson James, tailor 
Gallan WiUiam, blacksmith 
Irvine John, gardener 
Swinbm-ne Sir John Edward, Bart. 
Tone Edward, land agent 
Tone Mr. Nathaniel 



Farmers 

Colley Wilham, Make'mrich 

Drjden John and George, Sandy Braes 

Henderson Thomas, Parkhead 

Keed John, Whitehouse 

Kobinson Joseph, Hillhead 

Rochester Richard, Capheaton, Newhouses, 

and corn miller, Clock Mill 
Thompson John, Frolick 



Catcherside township is situated two miles north of Kirk Whelpington. 
It contains 593 acres, and its rateable value is £285. The number of 
inhabitants in 1801, was 13 ; in 1811, 12 ; in 1821, 15 ; in 1831, 14 ,' in 
1841, 12 ; and in 1851, 11 souls. Sir W. C. Trevelyan is lord of the manor 
and owner of the soil. This township contains only four houses, and the 
principal resident is Joseph Robson, farmer. 

CoLDWELL is a township, the property of the Duke of Northumberland, 
v?ho is also lord of the manor. It is situated one mile and a half north-east 
of Kirk Whelpington, contains 295 acres, and its rateable value is £88 10s» 
Tithes commuted in 1839; aggregate amount £1 8s. 3jd. The number of 
inhabitants in 1801, was — ; in 1811, 9 ; in 1821, 7 ; in 1831, 6 ; in 1841, 
8; and in 1851, 5 souls. This township contains but one house, which is 
occupied by George Moor, farmer. 

Crogdean, or Ceooiodean township, is the property of Thomas Harle, Esq.,: 
who is also the possessor of the manorial rights. It comprises an area of 354 
acres, and its rateable value is £246. Population in 1801, 14 ; in 1811,; 
10 ; in 1821, 6 : in 1831, 9 ; in 1841, 9 ; and in 1 851, 6 souls. It is distant 
one mile and a half west from Kirk Whelpington, and consists 
of only one farm, which is tenanted by Cuthbert and John Brown, farmers. 

Fawns is a township situated one mile east of Kirk Whelpington, and Sir W. ■ 
C. Trevelyan is lord of the manor and ow^ner of the soil. It contains 260= 
acres, and its population in 1801, was 5 ; in 1811, 7; in 1821, 8; in 1831,; 
7; in 1841, 8; and in 1851, 8 souls. Its rateable value is £148 10s.' 
Tithes commuted in 1839; aggregate amount 6s. 8d impropriated, and 
£2 17s. vicarial. This township consists of a single farm, which is occupied 
by Robert Mason, farmer. ^ 

Hawick township is situated three miles W.N.W. of Kirkharle, and is the; 
sole property of Sir W. C. Trevelyan, Bart., who is also lord of the manor.i 
It comprises an area of 1,150 acres, its rateable value is £387, and it 
contained in 1801, 23 ; in 1811, 26 ; in 1821, 22 ; in 1831, 18 ; in 1841,' 
8 ; and in 1 85 J , 6 inhabitants. It is a wild district, and has but three houses, 
which are occupied by labourers. There was formerly a chapel here, on tiae 
eminence still known by the name of Chapel Hill. •" ^ 

I^RK Whelpington is a township and village in the parish of the same 
name, the property of the Duke of Northumberland and Thomas Andersouri 



KIEK WHEEPJNGT0N PARISH. 



80f 



Esq., the former of whom is lord of the manor; ' This town&hip c'Otnprises an 
area of 2,770 acres, and its rateable value is £1,644 15s. The number of 
its inhabitants in 180J,was234; in 181 1, 257 ; in 1821, 277 ; in 1831, 
260; in 1841, 241; and in 1851, 220 souls. '" , 

The Village of Kirk Whelpington is situated on the north side of thS 
river ^^'ansbeck, thirteen and a half miles west of Morpeth, and fifteen miles 
N.N.E. of Hexham. The Church, dedicated to St.^- Bartholomew, is an 
ancient structure, with alow square tower, and has evidently been, at one time, 
a much larger edifice. The living, a vicarage in the archdeaconry of 
Northumberland, anddeaneiy of Bellingham, is valued in the Liber Regis at 
£7 3s. 4d. ; gross income £301. Patron, the Bishop of Durham ; Rev. John 
Walker, vicar. The parish register commences in 1079. In 1841, a massive 
and beautiful new service of communion plate, was procured for the parish 
church, by the voluntary contributions of the incumbent and all classes of the 
parishioners. It consisted of a paten and plate, flagon, and chalice of solid 
silver, each bearing the following inscription, " Ecclesise Sancti Bartholoniei, 
de Whelpington, Edonis fidelium, 1841," The National School is situated 
near the Church. It is a stone building, and is endowed with £20 per annum, 
by Sir J. E. Swinburne and the Duke of Northumberland, as well as with a 
cottage and garden for the teacher. There is a library held in the school for' 
the use of the parishioners. The Justices' room and Lock-up, in the 
village, is a substantial stone structure, erected in 1853, at a cost of abotit 
£600. Petty sessions are held here on the last Monday in every month. 

Post Office, Kiekwhelptngton. — Mary Carr, postmistress. — Letters arrive here, frdtit 
Newcastle, at 12-30 nooD, and are despatched at 6 p.m. * 

Foffit John, corn miller 



Martinson Henry, joiner and builder ' '' ''- 

National School, J. Hepple, teacher . ■ "'I 

Walker Eev. John, vicar, Vicarage , r^j^o 

Wilson Thomas, lime burner i % 

' .1 Sffo \inQ to 

Farmers si i: ^/a/T 

Brown Michael, Walk Mill 

Burdis Thomas & WilhamjEastWliiteHiU 

Burdis Wilham, Three Farms 

Harrett Kobert, and innkeeper and under- 



Atkenhead Thomas, shopkeeper 

Bell John, shoemaker 

Carr Mary^ shopkeeper 

Charlton Richard, joiner and builder 

Codling George, shoemaker 

Coxon George, shoemaker 

Curry John, cooper 

Gillespie John, police constable for Kirk- 

■vvhelpington division 
Hall Thomas, managing farmer, Eochester 

Moss 
Harle John, blacksmith 
Hepple Thomas, clog and last maker; 
Hunter John, slater 
Johnson Benjamin, tailor and draper 
Johnson EHzabeth, shopkeeper 
Leidler John, butcher 

CaePvIees.— To Newcastle, Mary Carr, on Wednesdays, and John Moffit, on Fridays, 
from Kirkwhelpington. ^. ^ 

Whelpington (West) township, the property of Messrs. Dodd, Thomag^ 
Anderson, Esq., Sir C. W. Trevelj^an, Bart., and William JobHng, Esq., is 
situated one mile west by north of Kirk Whelpington. It contains 3,922 
acres, and its rateable value is £1,614 10s. The number of its inhabitants 
in 1801, was 43 ; in. 1811, 80; in 1821, 69 ; in 1831, TSj in 1841, 66; 



bailiff to the Barony of Prudhoe '■ *' 
Eobson Jasper, West White Hill ,bT [ 
Watson Jacob, Middle White Hill 
Wilkinson John, Shield 



Si% 



808. TINDALE WARD-— NOETH-EAST DIYISIOa. 

and in 1851, 36 souls. Each proprietor claims the manorial rights of his 
ovv'n property. 

DiEECTORY. — John Jowett, farmer and vfool stapler, Cowhills, near New- 
castle-on-Tyue ; and Michael Thornton, Black Hall. 

STAMFOEDHAM PARISH. 

Stamfordham parish comprises the townships of Bitchfield, Black-Heddon, 
Cheeseburn Grange, Fenwick, Hawkw'eil, Heugh, Ingoe, Kearslej, Matfen 
(East), Matfen (West), Nesbit, Ouston, Ryal, and Wallridge. It is bounded 
on the north b}^ Bolam, on the west by St. John Lee and Haltou, on the south 
by Corbridge and Ovingham, and on the east by Heddon-on-the- Wall and New- 
burn. It is about five and a half miles long, by four and a half broad, and 
contains an area of 18,089 acres. Population in 1801, 1,652; in 1811, 
1,813; in 1821, 1,827; in 1831, 1,736 ; in 1841, 1,777; and in 1851, 
1,781 souls. This parish comprises the finest part of Tindale Ward; it is well 
wooded, and some of the lands are occasionally enriched by the overflowing of 
the river Pont, which rises a little to the south of St. Oswald's, in the parish 
of St. John Lee, and after passhig through Ponteland, to the west of the 
marshy lake called Prestwick Carr, it empties itself into the Cat-raw, which 
proceeds in a north-easterly direction to Stannington Vale, and then assumes 
the name of the " Blyth'' river, under which name the united streams flow to the 
sea at Blyth. 

BiTOHFiELD is a towuship, situated three and a half miles north-east of 
Stamfordham, It contains 717 acres of land, its rateable value is £750, and 
the number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 28 ; in 1811, 49; in 1821, 39 ; 
in 1831, 40 ; in 1841, 36 ; and in 1851, 33 souls. This township is the 
property of Sir C. M. L. Monck, Bart., who is also lord of the manor. 

Directory. — WiUiam and Christopher Graham, farmers, W^est Bitchfield ; 
and John Ridley, farmer, East Bitchfield. 

Black Heddon is a township and hamlet, the property of Sir C. M. L. 
Monck, Bart., and James Hepple, Esq., of Black Heddon House. Sir John 
Swinburne is lord of the manor. The township comprises an area of 1,619 
acres, and its rateable value is £1,336 10s. Population in 1801, 36 ; in 
1811, 64 ; in 1821, 63 ; in 1831, 64 ; in 1841, 73 ; and in 1851, 54 souls. 
The Hamlet of Black Heddon is situated three miles north of Stamfordham. 

Directory. — James Hepple, Esq., Black Heddon House ; Wilham Law, 
farmer, Black Heddon ; Edward Robson, shopkeeper ; and Thomas Southern, 
farmer, Bygate. 

Cheeseburn Grange is a township, one mile E.S.E. of Stamfordham, the 
property of Edward Riddell, Esq., J. P., who is also lord of the manor. It 
contains 695 acres, and the rateable value is £674 16s. The population in 
1801, was 93 ; in 1811, 103 ; in 1821, 101 ; in 1831, 71 ; in 1841, 56 ; 
and in 1851, 64 souls. This manor w^as formerly the property of Hexham 
Priory, but after the dissolution of the religious houses, it passed to Gaw^en 
Swinburne, Esq., and we find Sir Thomas Widdrington proprietor in 1639. 
Thia^Sir Thomas was: 'i e founder of Stamfordham School, for some tim^i 



STAMl'OEDHAM I'AEISH. 809 

Recorder of York, and subsequently Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of 
England, Speaker to the house of Parliament, and Lord Chief-Baron of 
the Exchequer. He was also the author of a Historj^ of York. He left 
four daughters, and this estate passed in the female line to the family of the 
pjeseut proprietor. Cheesebuen Grange Hall, the seat of Edward 
Riddell, Esq., J. P., is a substantial stone mansion, attached to which there is 
a neat Catholic Chapel, capable of accommodating about 100 persons. Over 
the altar is a fine painting of " The Descent from the Cross." Rev. 
Thomas Gillett, chaplain. 

DiRECTOBY. — Rev. Thomas Gillett (Catholic), Street Houses ; Edward Rid- 
dell, Esq., J.P , Cheeseburn Grange Hall ; John Hedley, farm bailiff, Leagure 
House ; and the farmers are David Barron, Stobhill ; John Liddell, Rich- 
mond Hill ; and John Robson, Grange Houses. 

IB'enwick is a township and hamlet, the property of Sir E. B. Blackett, who 
also possesses the manorial rights and privileges. The township comprises 
an area of 1,634 acres, and its rateable value is £1,660. The number of in- 
habitants in 1801, was 83 ; in 1811, 88; in 182], 76 ; in 1831, 80; inl841, 
66; and in 1851, 72 souls. This place was formerly the seat and property of 
the ancient and valiant family of the Fenwicks, who possessed it as early as the 
reign of Henry III. John de Fen wick, who was the proprietor in the reign of 
the unfortunate Richard II., married Mary, the daughter of William de Strother, 
and by this means acquired the estate of Wallington, which, with this of Fenwick, 
continued in his family till the beginning of the reign of William III., 
when they were both sold to Sir William Blackett, Bart., in whose family it 
still remains. The Hamlet of Fenwick is situated one mile and three 
quarters west by north of Stamfordham. Fenwick Tower, the ancient seat 
of the Fenwicks, was pulled down, in 1775, when several hundred gold nobles, 
of the time of Edward III., were found in a stone chest, covered with sand, 
twelve inches deep, and placed over the arch of the cellar door, which was 
immediately under the flags of the castle gate. They were supposed to have been 
concealed on an inroad of David, King of Scots, in 1360, as far as Hexham, 
whence he carried off the two sons of Sir John Fenwick, the owner of this 
castle, who did not long survive the loss. 

Biography. — Sir John Fenwick, one of the ancient and heroic family who 
formerly possessed this township, was a member of parliament, in 1660, and 
of the successive parliaments of Charles IL and James II. He was 
a man of considerable talent, and romantically attached to the house of Stuart. 
After the great fire of London, in 1666, he built the great Hall in Christ's 
Hospital, in which the boys dine and sup. His restless spirit had led him, 
in the year 1694, to assist in the concerting of plans for the restoration of James 
II. ; but in 1696, finding that William's government was acquainted with 
his proceedings, he set out for France, but was apprehended at New Romney, 
in Kent, and committed to the Tower on a charge of treason. He was after- 
wards condemned, by a law made on purpose, to stain the scaffold with his 
blood — made after the crime was done, for which he was accused by a guilty 
approver. One act of mercy was allowed to Sir John ; he was not dragged 



810 



TINDALE WARD — NORTH-EAST DIVISION. 



tlirough tlie streets to be hanged at Tyburn, as the law required — ^but tbe 
king, in consideration, it is supposed, of the high rank of Lady Fenwick, 
(Lady Mary Ho^Ya^d, eldest daughter of Charles, Earl of Carlsle), omitted all 
execution of the act of forfeiture, except beheading him on Tower Hill. He 
met his fate with great firmness and composure, in the 52nd year of his age. 
His body was buried near the altar of St. Martin's Church, London. 

Directory. — John Smith, blacksmith ; and the farmers are Leonard Dob- 
son ; Cuthbert Drydon, Matfen Burn Side ; William Lishman ; and George 
and Robinson Turnbull. 

Hawkwell is a township and village in this parish, the property of Edward 
Riddell, Esq., of Cheeseburn Grange ; Mr. John Prudhoe, of Hawkwell, and 
others. The area of the township is 576 acres, and its rateable value £927 J Os. 
The population in 1801, was 125 ; in 1811, 133 ; in 1821, 130 ; in 1831, 
150; in 1841, 176; and in 1851, 135 souls. Edward Riddell, Esq., J.P., 
is lord of the manor. This tow^nship is separated from Stamfordham by the 
river Pont, which frequently overflows its banks, and inundating the adjacent 
land causes considerable damage. The Village of Hawkwell is situated a 
quarter of a mile south of Stamfordham, and consists of a farm house, a 
brewery, a cornmill, an inn, and several cottages. In this township there is 
an excellent limestone quarry, worked by Messrs. Joseph and William 
Jordan. 



Crow Gr. registrar of births and deaths 
Curry Edward, cooper 
Handyside Dorothy, shopkeeper 
Handyside Edward, brewer, Hawkwell 

Brewery 
Handyside Henry George, farmer and 



woolstapler, Gilchester 
Handyside Eobert, cornmiller, 
Hepple Mary, schoolmistress 
Jordan Joseph and William, farmers 
Prudhoe John, joiner and cartwright 
Eutter Robert, blacksmith and innkeeper 



Heugh is a township and hamlet, the property of Sir John E. Swinburne, 
Bart., and Baliol College, Oxford. The township comprises an area of 2,281, 
acres, and its rateable value is £2,768. It contained in 1801, 472 ; in 1811, 
522; in 1821, 512; in 1831, 472; in 1841, 442 ; and 1851, 448 inhabitants. 
Sir John E. Swinburne is lord of the manor. The Hamlet of Heugh con- 
sists of two farmhouses, an inn, and a few cottages. 

Stamfoedham is a small but pleasant village in the above township, situa- 
ted on the north bank of the river Pont, twelve miles W. N. W. of Newcastle, 
and thirteen miles E. N. E. of Hexham. It consists of one very broad street, 
or two rows of cottages, and possesses five or six inns. The buildings are 
principally two storeys high, and the space between the cottages on both sides 
of the village is covered with grass, and intersected by the main road. In the 
centre of the village is a small building called the market cross, which was 
erected by the lord of the manor. Sir John Swinburne, in 1736. At the 
east end of the village is a small lockup, for the temporary confinement of 
prisoners. There is a plentiful supply of excellent w^ater from a pant, which 
is situated at the eastern extremity of the village. Fairs are held here on 
Thursday before the 26th of April, for horses, cattle, and sheep — Thnrsday 
before the 26th of August, for cattle, sheep, and lambs. Hirings take plac^; 



STAMiSMXir 'ffllSHf ' ''' ' 



fell 



on the last Tliursclay in Marcli, for hinds — Thursday befoi'e the 12th of May, 
and, Thursday before the loth of November, for unmarried servants. Term 
days, 12th of May, and 13th of November. The Chuech, dedicated to 
St. Mary the Yirgiu, T^as rebuilt, with the exception of the tower, in the 
year 1849. It is a substantial stone building, having a monument to 
John Swinburne, Esq. and wife, in the west end. The parish i-egister 
commences in 1G62. The living, a vicarage in the archdeaconry of North- 
umberland and deanery of Corbridge, is valued in the Liber Regis at 
£14 18s. J^d. ; gross income £626. Patron, the Lord Chancellor; vicar, 
the Rev. JohnF.Bigge, M.iV. ; curate, the Rev. Robert Gordon, Calthorpe,M.A. 
The United Pkesbyteeian Chapel, situated at the eastern extremity of 
the village, is an old, plain, stone building, capable of affording sitting accom- 
modation to about 200 persons. Rev. William Fisken, minister. Stamford- 
ha:u: School was founded and endowed by Sir Thomas Widdrington, in 1663. 
Patron, R. E. D. Shafto, Esq., M.P., Whitworth. The following trus- 
tees w^re appointed in November, 1852, viz. : — Sir C. M. L. Monck, Bart., Sir 
Edward Blackett, Bart, Edward Riddell, Esq., Rev. John F. Bigge, Rev. 
I. S., Priestman, and J. Hedley, Esq. The school is free to the children 
of the poor of Stamfordham parish. The income from the endowment, at the 
time of the Charity Commissioners' report, amounted to £200 per annum. Thq 
Rev. John Fox is head master. A Library and Reading Room have been 
lately established. 

Charities. — Besides the school, the following bequest is the property of 
the poor of this parish. Henry Paston, in 1698, left a rent charge of £12 
per annum, to be distributed quarterly by the vicar and churchwardens. 

Post OrncE, Stamfoedh.^m, Mary CoUey, Postmistress. Letters arrive, from Newcastle, 
at 12-30 noon, and are despatched thereto at 5 p.m. 



Eigge Eev. John, F.M.A., Vicarage 
Davison William, cornmiller, Heugh Hill 
Forster Thomas, stonemason 
Hedley Joseph, joiner 
Hedley Kohert, joiner 
Heslop E. istraw bonnet maker 

Academies and Schools 
Brough John 
Fisken Eev. William 
Feee Geammar ScH00L,Rev. 

John Fox, head master 

Baker and Flour Dealer 

Johnson Robert 

Blacksniith 
Lawson J. Heugh. 
Marshall William, and agri- 
cultural implement maker 

Boot and Shoemakers 
Dunn J. 

English Christopher 
Hall J. 
Kichardsbii J. 
Thompson T. 



Heslop E. shopkeeper 
Milburn Christopher, saddler 
Phillipson John, farrier 
Sharp John, clockmaker 
Surtees John, surgeon 



AVhite T. 

Sutchers 
Green William 
Shaw William 

Farmers 
Askell John, Mains Bank 
Davison John, Heugh Mill 
Dickinson John, Fleugh 
Cinnin George, Hetherslaw 
Elliott T. Dyke House,Heugh 
Ord Francis, Cowstand 
Rochester William, Heugh 
Robson T. Pens Close 
Tomlin Wm. Wester-heugh 
Turnbull William 

Grocers and Drapers 
Colley Hector Goodfellow,and 
spirit merchant 
3 D 



Elliott J. 
Eeay J. 

Inns 
Bay Horse, Jas. Rutherford 
Colley Hector Good- 



fellow, spirit mei'chant 
3Iasons' Arms, H. Thompson 
Plough, Michl.Urwin, Heugh 
Wheat Sheaf, Seth Shaw 
Swmhurne Arms, John 

EichardsoQ 
Marshall William, 

beerhouse 

Tailors 
Brown M. 
Brown N. 
Elliott John 



si-^ 



TINDALE WAEB— NOETH-EAST DIVISION. 



CoN^-EYAXCE. — A spring cart from tlie JIasons' Arms Inn, to the Victoria Hotel, Ne^v 
gate- street, Newcastle, on Tuesdays and Saturdays, leaving Stamfordham at seven o'clock 
in the morning, and returning from Newcastle at fom' in the afternoon. 

Cakeiee. — Andrew Elliott, to Newcastle, on Thursdays and Satm-days. 

IxGOE is a township and village, comprising 2,165 acres, the property of the 
Duke of Northumberland, Dixon DLxon, Esq. and others, and the rateable value 
is £1,423 14s. The number of inhabitants in 1801, \vas 201 ; in 1811, 232; 
in 1821, 239; in 1831, 242; in 1841, 231 ; and in 1851, 228 souls. The 
Village of Ingoe occupies an elevated situation, and consists of a farm house, 
AYith a number of cottages. Here is a Primitive Methodist Chapel, 
erected in 1848. There is also a school which is endowed with eleven 
guineas per annum, by the Duke of Northumberland, and other landowners 
in the neighbourhood. The school-house was erected by subscription in 
1851. 



Askell John, hoot and shoemaker 
Brodie John, shopkeeper 
Douglas Moses, schoolmaster 
Murray John, tailor 
Proudlock George, joiner 
Eobson Matthew, innkeeper 
Eobson Robert, hoot and shoemaker 
Robson Wilham, blacksmith 

Farmers 
Brown Joseph and William 



Charlton Thomas 
Chariton WilUam, Linup Hill 
Hamson John, Muckle Eidge 
Harrison John, Ingoe Low Hall 
Han-ison George, Fens 
Harrison Joseph, Moralees 
Proudlock Thomas 
Eobson Joseph and Thomas 
Eussell George, and coalowner 
Wilkinson James, Tongues 
Wilkinson ^^illiam, Birney 



Keaesley is a to\vnship, situated four miles north-west by west of Stamford- 
ham. It contains 605 acres, and its rateable value is £368, and £'12 tithes. 
Population in 1801, IT; in 1811, 17; in 1821, 11 ; in 1831, 16; in 1841. 
11 ; and in 1851, 13 souls. It is the property of John, George, and Thomas 
Hedley, to whom the manorial rights and privileges also belong Thomas 
Hedley is the principal resident in the township. 

Matfex (East) is a township and small village, the property of Sir Edward 
Blackett, Bart., Sir John Clayton, Mr. John Ord, of Corne'Side, West Matfen, 
and others. Sk Edward Blackett, Bart., and W. B. Beaumont, Esq., M.P., are 
the lords of the manor. The township comprises an area of 2,067 acres, and 
its rateable value is £1,881. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 143 ; 
in 1811, 149; in 1821, 152; in 1831, 130; in 1841, 110; and in 1851, 
164 souls. Here is an extensive brick and tile manufactory, conducted by 
j\Ir. William Nicholson. The Tillage of East Matfen is situated two 
and a quarter miles south-west by west of Stamfordham, and from the founda- 
tions of buildings still visible, must at one time, have been a place of 
some consequence. Wall Houses is a hamlet in this township, four miles 
south-west of Stamfordham, upon the site of the Roman Wall. 



Baty William, slater, Matfen Bm-n-side 

Cant John, shoemaker 

Hall J. pulDHcan, Wall Houses 

HarreU James, blacksmith, WaU Houses 



Nicholson William, brick and tile manufac- 
tujrer, East Matfen Brick and Tile Works 
Farmers 
Angus Silas 



STAMl'ORDHAM PARISH. 



813 



BOTvman Henry, Butclier-liill 
Brewis Geo. and Jas. Matf en Moor Houses 
Dodd John, "Wall Houses 
Handyside William, Matfen Moor Houses, 
East Farm 



Hudson George 

Kowell John 

Ridley John 

Thompson John, Wall Houses 



Caeeiee, — Thomas Cook, from Bell Eink, to Newcastle, on Thui'sdays. 

Matfex (West) is a township and v>'ell built village, the property of Sir 
Edward Blackett, Bart., Mr. John Ord, of Corne Side, and others. The 
township contains 1,905 acres, and its population in J 801, was 324 ; in 1811, 
256; in 1821, 307; in 1831, 319; in 1841, 429; and in 1851, 412 souls. 
The manor of lYest Matfen, belonged to Philip de Ulcote, in the reigns of 
John and Henry III., and was held by grand sergeantry, by the service of 
keeping the pleas of the crown. This Philip de Ulcote was joined in com- 
mission with Hugh de Baliol to hold the castle and town of Berwick-upon- 
Tweed against the confederate barons, in 1216, and was High Sheriff of 
Northumberland, from P215 to 1220. He died in 1234, and was succeeded 
in this and his other estates by his five sisters. West Matfen was afterwards 
the property of the Felton family, one of whom, Sir William, was High 
Sheriff of Northumberland, from 1312 to 1315, and from 1339 to 1344, and 
in 1340 was representative for the county in parliament. It was subsequently 
transferred by marriage to the Hastings family, with whom it remained till 
1568, when we find it the property of Sir Kalph Lawson, but it soon after- 
wards passed into the Fenwick family, by whom it was alienated, about 1680, 
to John Douglas, Esq., on whose decease it was inherited by his eldest son, 
Oley Douglas, whose only daughter married Sir Edward Blackett, Bart., and 
by that means brought the estate into the possession of the Blacketts. The 
baronetage of this family was created in ]673, in the person of Sir William 
Blackett, a rich merchant of Newcastle, and representative of that town in 
parhament. Sir Edward, the second baronet, who was several times M.P. 
for Northumberland and Ripon, died in 1718, and was succeeded by his son 
Edward, who, dying without issue, in 1756, the family honours and estates 
devolved upon his nephew. Sir Edward, the fourth baronet, on whose demise, in 
1804, Sir William Blackett succeeded to the estate, which is now possessed 
by Sir Edward Blackett, Bart., who was born in 1805. 

The Village of West Matfen is situated three miles west of Stamfordbam. 
The Church, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, was erected in 1842 at the 
sole charge of Sir Edward Blackett, Bart., and is a handsome edifice, 
possessing free sittings for about 300 persons. Matfen was erected into a " Dis- 
trict Parish" which embraces the townships of West Matfen, East Matfen, 
Ptyall, Ivearsley, and part of Ingoe, in February, 1846. The living is a per- 
petual curacy, in the patronage of Sir Edward Blackett, Bart., and is endowed 
with tithes, twenty acres of land, and a handsome parsonage house and garden. 
Twelve acres of the land were given by Sir Edward Blackett, Bart., and the 
remainder was purchased by a grant from Queen Anne's Bounty. The Eev. 
I. S. Priestman, is incumbent. 

Matfen Hall, the residence of Sir Edw^ard Blackett, Part., is a splendid 



814 



TINDALE WAED— NOETII-EAST DIVISION. 



mansion, situated on a gentle elevation, on the north side of the river Pont. In 
the gardens adjoining the hall, area variety of " Eoman Remains," and other 
curiosities, principally found at Hal ton Chesters. Near the farm house called 
Matfen Low Hall, was a circular mount, composed of earth and numerous 
masses of stone, which have been used in the erection of an adjoining farm- 
stead. Amongst them were discovered two Cist-vaens, or stone coffins, consist- 
ing of four flags set edgeways, with a bottom stone and cover. When these were 
opened, the only vestige of mortality found within them was a little white dust. 
It was generally considered by antiquarians to have been a Celtic tumulus. 

Post Office, Matfen, Joseph Eichardson, postmaster. Letters arrive, from Gatesheadj 
via Corbridge, at 1-30 p.m., and are despatched thereto, at 4-30 p.m. 



Blackett Sir Edward, Bart., Matfen Hall 
Dodd John, shopkeeper 
Dobson John, butcher 
Porster George, bailiff 

Blacksmith 

Urwin Thomas, and agricuL 

tm-al implement maker 

Boot and Shoemakers 
Dav.'son John 
Dobson Thomas 
Rochester Joseph 

rarmers 
Hedley John, yeoman, De- 
light 



Ord Jno, yeoman, CorneSide 
Eobson John and Thomas, 

Matfen 
Ro^yell Edv*^ard, Dexvlaw 
Sample William, Matfen 
Scott Eorster, Low Hall 
Urwin Thomas, Matfen 

Inns 
Blacli Bull, Humphrey Mil- 
burn 



Green William, surgeon 

Priestraan, Rev. I. S. incumbent,Parsonage 

Richardson Joseph, agent 

Sample William, land agent 

Crown and Thistle, Leonard 
and Thomas DolDson 



Joiners and Cartwrights 
Robson John and Thomas 

Tailors 

Jordon William 
Soulsby J. 



Nesbtt is a township, situated two miles south of Stamfordham, and the 
property of Edw-ard Eiddell, Esq., of Cheeseburn Grange, who is also 
lord oi the manor. It contains 843 acres, and its rateable value is £662. 
The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 41 ; in 1811, 42 ; in 1821, 38; 
in 1831, 37; in 1841, 35 ; and in 1851, 36 souls. 

DiEECTOEY. — The farmers are Joseph and George Barron, Dodley ; EHza- 
beth Potts, Nesbit Hill Head ; John Charlton Ridley, Nesbit; John Ruther- 
ford, Birks ; Henry Stobart, Cold Side ; and Thomas Stobart, Cold Side. 

OusTON township is one mile and a half south-west of Stamfordham. It 
comprises an area of 51 1 acres, its rateable value is £378, and the population 
in 1801, was 37; in 1811, 24: in 1821, 32; in 1831, 19; in 1841, 21 ; 
and in 1851, 24 souls. Edward Riddell, Esq., of Cheeseburn Grange, is 
lord of the manor and owner of the soil. 

DiEECTOEY. — The farmers are Matthew Barron and William White. 

Ryall is a chapelry, township, and small village, in the above-named 
parish, the property of Sir Edward Blackett, Bart., Mr. Peter Aunandale, Jo 
Hedley and Brothers, and the Rev. J. F. Bigge. Each landowner claims the 
manorial rights of his own property. The township comprises an area of 
2,189 acres. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 128 ; in 181 1, 129 ; 
in 1821, 118; in 1831, 89: in 1841, 87; and in 1851, 88 souls. The 
Village of Ryall consists of two good farm houses, an inn, and a few cottages, 
which are chiefly inhabited by agricultural labourers. Here is an old ruinous 



THOCKRINGTON PxilllSH. 815 

chapel, situated in a grave yard. It was formerl}^ a Chapel of Ease under 
the parish church of Stamfordham, but since the erection of Trinity Churcli 
at West Matfen, in 1842, this chapel has become disused, the township of 
Eyall being included in the district attached to that church. 

'Directory. — Robert Hall, innkeeper; William Jobson, blacksmith; 
William Rochester, shoemaker ; and the farmers are James and Alexander 
Ai-mstrong, Fair Spring ; John Reed, South Farm ; and Edward Wales, 
East Farm. 

Wallridge is a township, four miles N.N.W. of Stamfordham, the property 
of Sir Charles M.L. Monck, Bart. It contains 191 acres, and its population in 
1801, was 4; in 1811, 5; in 1821, 3; in 1831, 7; in 1841, 4; and in 
1851, 10 souls. It consists of one farm, which is occupied by Forster Charl- 
ton, farmer. 

THOCKRINGTON PARISH. 

Thockrixgton parish comprises the townships of Bavington Little, Carry- 
coats, Sweethope, and Thockrington, and is bounded by the parishes of 
Kirk Whelpington, Kirkharle, and Chollerton. It is about four miles in 
length by two miles and a half in breadth, and comprises an area of 6,943 
acres. Its population in 1801, was 182 ; in 1811, 158 ; in 1821, 201 ; in 
1831, 203 ; in 1841, 193 ; and in 1851, 173 souls. The land in this parish 
is chiefly used for grazing purposes. 

Bavington (Little) is a township and hamlet in this parish, the property 
of J. D. Shaftoe, Esq., who is also lord of the manor. The township con- 
tains 1,702 acres of land, and its rateable value is £1,153. The number of 
its inhabitants in 1801, was 58; in J 811, 36; in 1821, 78; in 1831, 72; 
in 1841, 91 ; and in 1851, 82 souls. The Hamlet of Little Bavington is 
situated eleven and a half miles N.N.E. of Hexham, on the Alnwick Road, 
near the source of the Erringburn. Here is a Wesleyan Methodist Chapel. 
Bavington Hall is the seat and property of James Delaval Shaftoe, Esq. 
It underwent several improvements and repairs in 1851, and is now a sub- 
stantial family mansion, adorned on every side by fine plantations. This 
place has been the seat of the Shaftoes since the reign of Edward I. 

DrRECTORY. — James Delaval Shaftoe, Esq., The Hall ; Christopher Arthur, 
gamekeeper; John Hutchinson, shopkeeper; George Stewart, Temperance 
Hotel, and shoemaker ; and the farmers are James Charlton, Bavington Mount; 
John Fenwick, Steel Ridge ; Robert Patterson, Moss Barns ; Launcelot 
Robson, Cocklaw Walls ; and Thomas Thornton, Homilton. 

Carry Coats, a tow^nship in the above parish, is situated twelve miles north 
of Hexham. It comprises an area of 1,799 acres, and its rateable value is 
£919 10s. The population in 1801, was 46; in 1811, 51 ; in 1821, 50; in 1831, 
42; in 1841, 51; and in 1851, 45 souls. The lord of the manor and owner 
of the soil, is — George, Esq., who resides at Carry Coats Hall, which is a 
neat stone building, occupying a pleasant situation. 

Directory. — George, Esq., Carry Coats Hall. 

SwEETHOPE is a township in this parish, the property of Sir W. C. Trevelyan, 



816 TINDALE WARD — SOUTH DIVISION. 

Bart., who is also lord of tlie manor. It contains 1,010 acres, and its 
rateable value is £303. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 27; in 
1811, 32 ; in 1821, 25 ; in 1831, 18; in 1841, 9 ; and in 1851, 10 souls. 
This township is occupied by William Kobson, farmer. 

Thoceeington is a township and village, giving name to the parish in which 
it is situated, and the property of J. D. Shaftoe, Esq., w'ho is also the pos- 
sessor of the manorial rights and privileges. The township comprises an 
area of 2,432 acres, and its rateable value is £1,225. It contained in 1801, 
51; in 1811, 39; in 1821, 48; in 1831, 71; in 1841, 42; and in 1851, 
36 inhabitants. The Village of Thockriugton is situated ten and three- 
quarter miles north by east of Hexham. The Paeish Chueoh is an ancient 
stone structure, pleasantly situated on an eminence west of the village. The 
living, a perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry of Northumberland, and 
deanery of Bellingham, certified at £10, gross income £60, is in the patronage 
of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and incumbency of the Rev. Hum- 
phrey Brown, of Kirk Heaton. The parish register commences in 1715. 

DiRECTOEY. — The farmers are George William Browell, Quarry House ; 
William Pickering ; and Matthew Pigg, North Heugh. 



TINDALE WAED— SOUTH DIVISION, 



HEXHAMSHIRE. 

Hexhamshire is an interesting district, comprising the parishes of Hexham, 
Allendale, and St. John Lee. It anciently constituted a regality, county 
palatine, or liberty, and diocese, but was united quod civilia, to the county 
of Northumberland, by the act J 4 Elizabeth, cap. 13. It had been pre- 
viously held, both as a regality and diocese, by the Bishops of Hexham. 
During the calamitous period of the Danish invasions, the monks of St. Cuth- 
bert, in the diocese of Durham, contrived to obtain possession of the regality 
and diocese, but Henry IL, afterwards seized and imprisoned Ralph Flam- 
bard, Bishop of Durham, and gave the regality of Hexham, as a barony and 
a spiritual jurisdiction, to the archepiscopal see of York, and although, in the 
reign of Henry VIII. , the barony was given to the king in exchange for 
certain royal possessions granted to the archbishop, the ecclesiastical jurisdic- 
tion was still retained, so that until the ecclesiastical commissioners trans- 
ferred all places within this peculiar jurisdiction from the archdiocese of York 
to the archdeaconry of Northumberland and diocese of Durham, Hexhamshire 
was within the jurisdiction of the archdiocese. 

ALLENDALE PARISH. 

Allendale is an extensive and hilly parish in the district of Hexhamshire, 
and in general appearance is sterile and desolate, abounding with rugged 
elevations, which, however, conceal mineral treasures of great value. It is 
about twelve miles in length by ten in breadth, and comprises an area of 



. ' - - ALLEKDALE PAEISIL 817 

37,967 acres. The population in 1801, was 3,519; in 1811, 8,884; in 
18-21, 4,6:29; in 1831, 5,540; in 1841, 5,729; and in 1851, 6,383 souls. 
The rateable value is d61 1,631. The principal landowners are W. B. Beau- 
mont, Esq., lord of the manor, William OrJ, Esq., Isaac Crowhall, Esq., 
Parkin Lee, Esq., George Lee, Esq., Joseph Lee, Esq., and others. This 
parish contains very extensive lead mines, the principal of which are at Coal- 
cleugh and AUenheads, w^here there are several levels, nearly a mile in length, 
excavated to communicate with the mines under the hills. There are also 
several works for grinding and washing the lead ore, and for separating it 
from the stone, or spar, to which it adheres. From these cleansing houses, 
the lead is carried to the smelting mills, where it undergoes the process of 
refining, and the silver, which is generally found in greater or less quantities, 
is extracted. The hills, by which this dale is surrounded, abound with grit- 
limestone of a dark blue colour, and the mountain of Kilhope Law, which 
extends from Coalcleugh to the extremity of the county, may be distinctly 
perceived from the sea at Tynemouth Bar, a distance of fifty miles. The 
East Allen rises near the village of AUenheads, and the West Allen about three 
miles east of the same place. Their streams unite a little below Old Town, 
and then pursue a northerly coast joining the South Tyne near Eidley Hall. 
In the vicinity of Allendale town, the East Allen is crossed by a bridge, which 
was erected at the expense of the county, in 1825. There is also another 
bridge at Allen Mill. In 1792, an act of parliament was obtained for " en- 
closing, allotting, and stinting " Hexhamshire and Allendale common, which 
contained 40,231 acres, and also for laying out public roads, and opening 
quarries on this extensive tract, a sixteenth of which was awarded to the 
possessors of the manorial privileges, as a compensation for their right to the 
soil, and for their consent to the division and enclosure of these wastes. 
The greater portion of the estates in Allendale are held by copyhold tenure, 
though there are numerous freehold proprietors. This parish is divided into 
nine divisions, called grievesldps, to each of which a cesser and collector are 
annually appointed. The divisions are Allendale, Broadside, Catton, High 
Forest, Low Forest^ Keenley, Park, West Allen (High), and West Allen 
(Low). 

THE TOWN OF ALLENDALE, 

Allendale, a market town in the parish of the same name, is situated on 
the river Allen, nine and three-quarter miles south-west by w^est of Hexham. 
The JPaeish Church is a neat stone structure, rebuilt in 1809, and con- 
tains 400 sittings, the whole of which are free. There is a monument in 
this church, the work of the celebrated Lough, whose fine statute of Milo, 
afterwards placed him in the foremost rank of modern sculptors. The living 
is a perpetual curacy, in the archdeaconry of Northumberland and deanery of 
Hexham, of the certified value of £26 6s. 8d., and rated in the parliamentary re- 
turnsat £130. Patron, W. B. Beaumont, Esq. Incumbent, the Rev. Titus Emer- 
son. The tithes of Allendale, Catton, and Park, are commuted for £98, 



8J8 



TINDALE WAED — SOUTH DIVISION. 



payable to the Curate of Allendale, and the tithes of the other grieveships are 
commuted for the sum of £163, payable to Isaac Crowhall, Esq., and others. 
The parish register commences in 1663. The Primitive and Wesieyan 
Methodists have small chapels here, and there is also a Meeting House 
belonging to the Society of Friends. Allendale School, Bride's Hill, 
was founded by the will of W. Hutchinson (1692), and that of 0. Wilkinson 
(1700), as a " Free Grammar School, for teaching all the children of the 
inhabitants of this parish such useful and necessary learning, and languages, 
as the trustees should direct." The income is derived from rent, and amounts 
to about £62 5s. per annum. 

This town possesses a small market, which is held every Friday in a spacious 
market-place. Fairs are held here on the last Friday in April, and the Friday 
immediately following the 29th of October, when hirings for servants also 
take place. There is a Savings Bank here which is open on the first 
Friday of the month from 1 to 5 p.m. W. C Arnison, treasurer ; Edward 
Dodd, actuary. 

About two miles from the town of Allendale is situated the remains of 
vfhat is considered to have been a Roman station. It is rectangular in form, 
as Roman camps generally are, is suiTounded with entrenchments, and has a 
paved portway seven yards broad. It retains many marks of antiquity, and 
is supposed by Mr. Warburton, to have been the Roman station Alione, 
whose site has been generally placed at AVhitley Castle. 

Chaeities. — John Shield, in 1617, left a rent charge of J610 per annum 
for sermons, the poor, and an allowance to the trustees. The whole of this 
sum is now devoted to the poor of the parish. There is also the " Poor's 
Money." amounting to £1 15s. yearly, which belongs, as its title implies, to 
the poor. Ann Wilson, in 1720, bequeathed a rent charge often shillings 
per annum to the poor of Keenley Quarter. There were many other legacies, 
&c., belonging to this parish, but they have been lost, owing to the neghgence 
of those in whose trust they had been vested. 

Post Office, Allendale Town. — John Shield, postmaster. Letters arrive here, from 
Allenheads, at 7-50 a.m., and from Haydon Bridge at 2 p.m. They are despatched to 
Haydon Bridge, at 8 a.m., and to Allenheads at 2-15 p.m. 



Armstrong Mrs. — 

Clarke John, road surveyor of the Allendale 
Turnpike Trust 

Clemitson Eev. William, (Primitive Metho- 
dist) 

Dickinson George, registrar of births and 
deaths 

Emerson Kev. Titus, incumbent 

Harrison Mr. WilUam 

Johnson Mrs. Margaret 

Mulcaster Mr. James 

Nevin Christopher, Esq. Thornley Leases 

Boddam Thomas, beerhouse keener 



Eowell Mrs. Eebecca 

Eowell Mr. Thomas 

Shield Joseph, gardener 

Steel Thomas, lead agent, Pod Bank 

Stephenson Mr. Thomas 

Stobbs Kalph, cooper 

Thompson Thomas, road contractor, Koper 
House 

Walton John, clerk 

Wilsons, Lee, & Co. brewers, malsters, and 
spirit merchants, Allendale Brewery, — 
Jacob Johnson Watson, managing partner 



ALLENDALE PAKISH. 



819 



Academies and Schools 

Beldeshill, Joseph Bell, 
William Johnson, Hannah 
andElizab. Close, teachers 

Dodd Edward 



Feney 



Butcher 
Clementson John 
Hill 

Cartwrights 
Lamb William, Thornley 

gate 
Telford Henry 

Farmers 

Marked * are yeomen 

Chatt John, Moor Houses 

* Clarke John 

* Harle Jonathan, Wooley- 
burn 

* Little John, Broadvvood 
Eidley Wilham, Portgate 

* Watson John, Broadwood 

Inns and Public Houses 

Board, Edward Forrest, & cart proprietor, 

Thornley Gate 
Board, Mary Watson 
Fox d- Lavib, Henry Mews 
Golden Lion, John Dawson 



Blacksmiths 

Bulman Eobt. Thorniey-gate 
Miiburn Thomas 



Boot and Shoemakers 

Eitson Joseph 
Eussell John, and dogger 
Short George 
Stobart George 
"Wilson William 



Grocers and Dealers in 
Sundries 

Atkinson William 

Bell Joseph, and stationer 

Dickinson Bax'bara 

Forster John Liddell, and 
druggist 

Holden Isaac 

Hudson Matthew 

Hutchinson John 

Johnson Margery and Eliza- 
beth 

Mattrass Ann 

Moore William 

Pearson Ann 

Eobinson George 

Stobbs Ann 

Teas dale Mary 

IIa,re (& Hounds, William Errington 
King's Head, William Holmes 
Pathfoot, Eobert Pearson 
Rose & Crown, Joseph Brown 
Three Tuns, Johnson Burn 



Potts Joseph 

Shields Nicholas & Joseph 

Masons and Builders 

Langstaflf William 
Maughan John 

Miller 

Eobson Lancelot, Bridge 
End Corn Mills 



Surgeons 
Arnison Wilham Campbell 

and Son 
Miller John Lindsay 



Ironmongers 

Pears Wilham 
Eoutledge Thomas 

Joiners and Builders 
Barrow Thomas 
Fairlamb Nicholas 
Harrison Bartholomew 
Lee Isaac 

Carriers to the following places 

Haydon Bridge— John Shield, on Tues- 
day, Thursday, and Saturday 

Hexham — John Shield, on Tuesdays and 
Thursdays ; to Allenheads on Wednesday, 

Conveyance. — Mail Gig runs from Allenheads to Haydon Bridge, every morning at 
6-30, and passes through Ahendale town at 8 a.m., returning in the afternoon. 

Broadside grieveship is inhabited by the follov^ing farmers. Edward 
Beck; Joseph Dickinson ; John Graham; John Harrison, and yeoman ; and 
Thomas Nicholl. 

Catton is a grieveship and village, situated two miles north-west of Allen- 
dale town ; the following are the principal inhabitants. 



Tailors 

Forster James 
Pattinson Cuthbert 
Short George 

and Weardle on Monday 
Newcastle — William Errington, Edward 
Forrest, and Thomas Martin, on Tues- 
days 



Beck Edward, vict. Hare and Hounds 
Bell Eobert, shoemaker 
Brown Thomas, shoemaker 
Dickinson William, shopkeeper 
Dixon Henry, blacksmith 
Errington William, vict. Unicorn 
Forrest Matthew, vict. Dean House 
Forster George, shopkeeper 



Galloway Ellen, tailor 

Lee John, shopkeeper 

Liddell John Eobson, shoemaker 

Nevin Thomas, beerseller 

Eussell George, tailor 

Stobbs Henry, shopkeeper 

Waugh Henry, shopkeeper 



3 D 



820 



TIKDALE WARD-^SOUTH DITISION. 



Farmers 

Marked * a 



* Armstrong \Yilliam 

* Graham George and Matthew 

* Graham Joseph 

* Johnson John 



* Maughan Edward 
Ma ugh an William 
Nixon Thomas 

* Pearson George 

* Eobson John 
Shield John 



FoEEST High is auotlier grievesliip, comprisiDg tlie village of Allenlieads' 
aud several hamlets. Allexheads, the highest inhabited place in England, and 
situated about eight miles south of Allendale, was formerly a distinct parish, 
and in its neighbourhood are several lead mines, in the working of which the 
inhabitants are principally engaged. The surrounding country is extremely 
desolate aud mountainous. St. Peter's Chuech, a neat stone edifice, is 
situated about two miles north of Alleuheads. The living is a perpetual 
curacy, in the patronage of the curate of Allendale, and incumbency of the 
Eev. Constantino O'Donel. The register of this church commences in 1807. 
W. B. Beaumont, Esq , has also erected a private chapel for the use of the 
labouring classes of this district, in which the clergyman of St Peter's offici- 
ates. There are also places of worship belonging to the Primitive and 
Wesleyan Methodists, and a National School, which, with the teacher's 
house, was erected in 18'25. W. B. Beaumont, Esq., pays £8 per annum to 
the teacher, Mr. John Heslop. Average attendance, sixty children. 

O'Donel Eev, Constantine. Allenheads 



Brown "William, land agent, Allenheads 
CmTj John, mining agent, Allenheads 
Cm-ry William, mining agent, Allenheads 
Hewitson William, surgeon, Eha House, 

Allenheads, Haydon Bridge 
Keeney John, engineer, Alknheads 

Academies and Schools j Grocers, Shopkeepers, and 
Allenheads — John Fisher Dealers in Sundries 



Sopwith William, agent, Allenheads 
Walton William, agent, Peasmeadows 
Wigham Eobert, tile manufacturer, Sparty 
Lea 



Davrson Jacob, and chemist. 
AUenheadSjHaydouBridge 
Nicholson Bartholomew, Al- 
lenheads 
Pears Archbold,BlossomHill 
Percival George, Dirtpots 
Percival Hannah, Diripots 
Percival James, and draper, 

Dirtpots 
PhiUipson Geo. Sparty Lea 

Inns and Public Houses 
Dawson Mary, Allenheads 
Sparke William, Allenheads 



and — Fisher, teachers 
St. Peter's, Allenheads — 
John Heslop, teacher 

Elacksmitlis 
Stokoe Robert, Sparty Lea 
Walton Alexander, Allen- 
heads 

Boot and Shoemakers 

Sparke Joseph, and dogger, 
Allenheads 

Stephenson Matthew, Dirt- 
pots 

Forest (Low) is also a grieveship in Allendale parish, the following are 
the principal residents ; 
Dixon Ptobt. schoolmaster,PlantationHouse 

and shopkeeper, Holmes bank 
Lee Thos. corn miller, Blackbank 
Farmers 

Marked * are Yeomc-n 

* Archer Thomas and Joseph, KnockbmTi 

* J Maughan John, Pry Hill 

* Renwick John and William, Low Acton 



Masons and Builders 
Milburn Joseph, and quarry 

master, Peasmeadows 
Eobson WiUiam, Sparty Lea 

Miller 

Sparke William, Allenheads 
Corn Mill 

Surveyors 

Bewick Thomas John, and 
mining engineer, Allen- 
heads 

Sparke William, land, Allen- 
heads 

Whitfield John, land & mine, 
Allenheads 



Robinson John, Huntrods 

Eobson — , and butcher, Sipton Shield 



Roddam John, Xewfold House 
Shield Hugh, and poor-rate 

High Acton 
Stobbs William, Low Acton 
* Welsh John, Broadgate Head 



collector, 



ALLENDALE PARISH. 



^21 



Keenley grieveship is situated two miles west of Allendale town. Here is 
a Wesleyan Chapel, erected about the year 1750, and a Primitive Methodist 
Chapel and School, which were built in 1848. 

Bushby Hugb, Wide Hill 

*Carrick Thomas, Keenleywell House 

♦Charlton William, Hawksteel 



French Henry, wood agent, Holly Bush 
French Henry, jun. joiner and builder, 

Holly Bush 
French James, schoolmaster. Holly Bush 
Henderson Edward, grocer and draper, 

Plaintree House 
Hudspith Thomas, butcher. Hay Leazes 
Ridley Cuthbert, blacksmith, Keenley Well 
Wigham Thomas, gentleman,Hindley Wrea 

Farmers 

Marked * are Yeomeu 

Bell William, Hindley Hill 

* Blair John, Oak Pool 

* Blair Robert, Keenley Thorn 
Bowman William and Joseph, Lane Head 



Glenwright Wilson, Cleugh Bank 
Hall John, Frost Hall 
Hutchinson Joseph, Lane Head 
Jackson Sarah, Monk 
Pattinson Joseph, West Side 
*Lee William, Hawksteel 
Ridley Thomas, Low Bank 
♦Shield Abraham, Burnlaw 
Shield Hugh, East Burnlaw 
Stobart Matthew, Chapel House 
*Stobart William, Burn Tongues 
Thompson William, Harlowburn 
Waugh Matthew, Huntnook 
Wright John, Huntergap 



Paek is another grieveship, the following are the principal inhabitants ; — 



Henderson Thomas, Crowberry Hall 
Johnson William, Wooley 
Maughan George, Studdon 
Maughan William and Joseph, Wooley 
Nevin Matthew, Parkside 
Nevin Ridley, Wooley Park 
*Robson Jacob, Woodheads 
* Short Thomas, Peek Riding 
Shield Matthew, Park 
♦Stephenson John, New Shield 
Thirlwell Tliomas, Park Gate 
Watson Joseph, Studdon 



Glendinning Matthew, mason, Studdon 
Rutter Christopher, miller 

Farmers 

Marked " are Yeomen 
Armstrong Edward, Holmes 
Armstrong Thomas, Hag 
Carr Thomas, Hollin Close 
♦Forster Thomas , and auctioneer, butcher, 

and draper, Wooley 
Glendinning John, ShiddonPark 
♦Hall Isaac, High Studdon 

West Allen (High) grieveship comprises the villages of Coalclengh 
and Carr Shields, besides several hamlets. At Carr Shields there is a Chapel 
of Ease, nnder the Church at Ninebanks. It is a handsome stone edifice, 
erected in 1822, bv-Mrs. Diana Beaumont and others, for the convenience of 
the mining population of the neighbourhood. There are also two Wesleyan 
Chapels in this grieveship, one at Limestone Brae, rebuilt in 1847, and the 
other near the village of Coalcleugh. W. B. Beaumont, Esq. has lately erected a 
school here. 

Post Office, Coalcleugh. — Joseph Stokoe, postmaster. Letters arrive here, from 
Hay don Bridge, at 4 p.m., and are despatched thereto at 9 15 a.m. 



Coulson Wm. shopkeeper, Bateshields 
Crozier John, boot and shoemaker, 

Carrshields 
Bawson Thomas, shopkeeper Whitelea 

Shields 
Edgar David, grocer, draper, and provision 

merchant, CaiTshields 
Emerson Joseph, shopkeeper, Moap 



Fairless John, innkeeper, Carrshields 
Gamble Robert and Ann Jane, teachers of 

Carrshields School 
Hetherington John, black and whitesmith, 

Kiersley Well-row 
Hetherington Mr. Thos. Kiersley Well row 
Martin Chester, shopkeeper, Harsley 
Milburn Joseph, shoemaker, Farney Side 



823 



TINDALE WARD SOUTH mviSTOK. 



Montgomery William, surgeon 
Kevin John, mining agent, Carrshields 
Eeed Rev. Joseph, Coalcleugh 
Shield John, innkeeper, Coalcleugh 
Telfer Eobert, shopkeeper, Wolfcleugh 
Yarty Joseph, grocer, Farney Side 
Whitfield Utrick, shoemkr. Limestone Brea 

Farmers 

Iklarked * are Yeomen 
*Clementson Thomas, Nether Harsley 
*Coates Thomas, Harty Cleugh 
* Grieve John, Black Cleugh 
♦Harrison Thomas, Smallburns 



Harrison Thomas, Greenley Cleugh 
Jackson Elizabeth, Farney Shields 
Jackson Martin, Farney Shields 
Johnson Martin, Bell Hill 
*Keenlyside John, Sparty Well 
Martin Rachel, Harsley 
Millican James and William, Dyke Noolc 
Ridley John, Limestone Brea 
*Short George, Park House 
Swindle John, Limestone Brea 
Walton Mary, Appletree Sliield 
*Wilson Henry, Dale House 
*Wilson John, Taylor-bmn 



West x\llen (Loyv-) is another grieveship, comprising the village of Xine- 
banks and several hamlets. West Allen was severed from the mother church 
and formed into a " district parish" in 1767, in conformity with an act of 
parliament obtained in the same year. The Church is situated at the village 
of Ninebanks, audits register commences in 1767. The living is a perpetual 
curacy in the patronage of the curate of Allendale, and incumbency of the 
Eev. Jonathan Scurr. Here is a school, which is open to children of every 
demonination. It, and the teacher's residence, were erected by subscription, 
aided by a grant from the Committee of Council on Education. 

Post OrricE, Ninebakks. — ^^Vilham Taylor, post7naster. Letters arrive, from Haydon 
Bridge, at 3 p.m., and are despatched thereto at 8-15 a.m. 

Bushby Thomas, miller, Kinebanks 
Lee Matthew, Esq. Ninebanks 
Lee Parker, Esq. Ninebanks, 
Ridley Elizabeth, shopkeeper. High House 
Ritson Joseph, joiner, Ninebanks 
Robinson Robert, shopkeeper, Leadgate 
Scurr Rev. Jonathan, Ninebanks 
Usher Thomas, schoolmaster 



Farmers 

Marked * are Yeomen 
"Dawson Thomas, Far Pasture 



*Ha]l Robert and William, Milescot 
Henderson Mntthew, Whamlands 
Henderson William, Low House 
*Lee Joseph, Keenleyside Hill 
*Lee Mary, Mount Pleasant 
Ridley John, and smith 
♦Summers Matthew, Gate House 
Teasdale Joseph 
Taylor WilUam, Ninebanks 



HEXHAM TOWN AKD PARISH. 



I 



Hexha:^! parish is bounded on the north by the Tyne, on the west and 
south-west by the parishes of Allendale and Warden, on the south by the 
county of Durham, and on the south-east £?nd north-east by the parishes of 
Corbridge, Slaley, and Shotley. It comprises the townships of Hexham, 
High Quarter, Low Quarter, Middle Quarter, and West Quarter, whose 
•united area is ?7,973 acres. The population in 1801, was 4,565 ; in 181 1, 
4,855 ; in 1821, 5,436; in 1831, 6,042; in 1841, 5,989 ; and in 1851, 
6,537 souls. The soil is various ; the valleys in general, are rich and highly 
cultivated, while the greater part of the high lands is quite unimprovable, 
and produces only poor grasses or heath. The vale of Hexham is peculiarly 
striking and beautiful, and the nurseries, gardens, shrubberies, and woods, 



HEXHAM PARISH. 823 

are numerous and flourishiug. Of this lovely vale, it is justly said, " the 
harvests are the earliest, its trees have the richest foliage, and its landscape is 
the most diversified of any in Northumberland." This parish is intersected 
by the Newcastle and Carlisle Eailway. The land in this district belongs to 
a gi'eat number of proprietors ; the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital are, 
however, the principal landowners. 

Hexham is an ancient township and market-town, giving name to the parish 
and district in which it is situated. The township contains 4,775 acres, and 
its rateable value is £11,005 3s. 6d. The number of its inhabitants in 
1801, was 3,427 ; in 1811, 3,518 ; in 1821, 4,116 ; inl831, 4,666 ; in 1841, 
4,742; and in 1851, 5,231 souls. The manor of Hexham was sold by the 
Crown, in the reign of Elizabeth, to Sir John Forster, K.B., Lord Warden of 
the Middle Marches. In the forty-third year of the same reign, it devolved to 
his son. Sir John Fen wick, Knt., who purchased from the Carnabies the im- 
propriation of the abbey. His grandson. Sir John Fen wick, Bart., sold it to 
Sir William Blackett, of Newcastle, in the reign of William III. It after- 
wards descended to Sir Walter Calverley Blackett, Bart., and then to Thomas 
Richard Beaumont, Esq. and Diana his wife, being entailed on her offspring, 
and is now the property of W. B. Beaumont, Esq. This township is divided 
into four wards, Gilligate, Hen cotes. Market, and Priestpopple, each of which 
has a separate constable, as also has each of the other quarters, or out-town- 
ships. The bridge which crosses the Tyne in this township, about a quarter 
of a mile from Hexham, was erected under the direction of Mr. Mylne, and 
is a beautiful structure, consisting of nine main arches, with smaller ones 
on the south side, which serve as reliefs in case of floods. A bridge was 
first erected here in the reign of William III. It consisted of seven arches, 
and was finished in 1770, but was destroj^ed by the great flood in 1771, 
when " whole acres of ground, houses, and families," are said to have 
been swept away. In 1774 a second bridge was commenced, but the 
project was soon abandoned on discovering quicksands beneath the gravel 
on both sides of the river. Mr. Smeaton's bridge, in 1777, 'was built 
upon Batirs d'eaux and cassons : while building, its piers were washed 
away by the flood of 1778, but being rebuilt, the structure was finished 
in 1781. It consisted of nine arches, but during a flood and hurricane, 
the whole was demolished on the 10th March, 1782. Notwithstanding 
all these misfortunes, a fourth attempt was made by Mr. Mjdne, and, as 
above stated, the present structure was erected under his superintendence. 
At the junction of the Cowgarth and Cockshaw burns, in the ward of Gilli- 
gate, where the passage was often very difficult, a two arched bridge has been 
erected, wdiich proves a source of great convenience to the inhabitants. The 
principal proprietors in this township are W. B. Beaumont, Esq., James 
Kirsopp, Esq., and James D. Bell, Esq. The land here is chiefly held by 
freehold and copyhold tenure. 

Hexham, an ancient market-town in the above township, parish, and 
district, is situated twenty and a half miles west of Newcastle, forty east of 
Carlisle, by the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, and 279 N.N.W. of London. 



TINDALE WARD— SOUTH DIVISION. 

It is deliglitfully seated along the sides of a low eminence, whose sides 
slope down to the Tyne, and a mile below the confluence of its two great 
branches — North and South Tjaie. The green and partially wooded eminence, 
delightful roads, and numerous gardens with which it is richly ornamented, 
backed, as they are, by the hills to the south and west, tend not a little to en- 
hance the fertile and salubrious aspect which prevails in this neighbourhood, 
and well contrasts with, and enlivens the time-worn red and dingy aspect 
of the ancient town, wdth its magnificent old abbey church, or cathedral, 
towering above its highest houses. Hexham, like the majority of ancient 
towns, is very irregularly built, and the streets, with the exception of the 
principal ones, are narrow and confined. Priestpopple, the Battle Hill, and 
Hencotes, form one long street, on the south side of the town along the New- 
castle and Carlisle Road, which was an important thoroughfare till the opening 
of the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, in 1838, since which time its traffic 
has considerably diminished. The Skinnerbum, anciently Bondgate, extends 
from the Battle Hill southw^ards, towards the Fell. Several narrow streets 
run into the market-place, which is of an irregular form, having the butter 
and poultry market on the south side, with piazzas in front, and, on the back 
part, stalls for butchers. At one end is a "pant," or reservoir, supplied with 
water by pipes, which are brought from about a quarter of a mile south of the 
town. Water, of a very superior quality, is also procured from a well on the 
west side of the Seal. There is, in the market-place, an ancient stone structure, 
formerly used as the town-hall of the bishops and priors of Hexham, and now 
used as the session-house. The north-west angle of the market-place opens 
from Gilligate, or St Giles'-street, which descends into the suburb of Cockshaw. 
This suburb is divided into several narrow streets, and is intersected by a 
burn, adjoining which are numerous tanneries and glove manufactories. The 
north-east angle of the market-place opens into a short street, called the Bull 
Bank, which is connected with Gilligate, by the Pudding-chare. In these 
three last mentioned streets are some of the most ancient houses in Hexham. 
The archway of the Court House leads into a small street called the Hall 
Garth, which terminates on a terrace, commanding a fine view of the river 
Tyne. Here are situated a strong ancient tower and the Grammar School. 
On the west side of the market-place is another gateway opening into the 
churchyard and the Seal. 

Hexlaam overlooks the course of the brooks Hextol and Halgut, at their 
junction with the Tyne. Hence have been imposed the various names of 
Hutoldesham, Hestoldesham, and Hextoldesham, Hagulstad, Hangastad, and 
Halgutstad. Richard of Hexham, in the place of Hextol, uses the Danish 
word Hestild ; all the other variations of the name preserve one uniform and 
simple meaning, which, in the pictorial language of our Saxon ancestors, 
accurately describes the characteristic of the little river, i.e. Height of Source. 
The common Saxon termination signifies a town or village. Hextol, therefore, 
seems to have given its name to the neighbourhood of the Church of Hexham, 
while the other rivulet appears to have derived its denomination from the 
Church itself, for Hangustald, Hagustald, and Halgutstad^ all imply the 



THE TOWN OF HEXHAM. 8^6 

quality of holiness or sanctity, the latter in particular seems a direct con' 
traction of the compound Halig-gut-stede, the seat or building on the holy 
gut, canal, or stream, and Haga, though it signifies a house in general, 
is yet, in its restricted application, a monastery, church, or house of holiness. 
The Saxon origin of these names is apparent. Camden and the etymologists 
who have derived the name from the Roman Axelodunum, and in consequence 
have fixed upon Hexham as the site of that station, have been refuted by 
the learned Mr. Horsley, who has clearly shown that Brough, in Westmore- 
land, and not Hexham, was the Roman Axelodunum. 

It seems to be a matter of doubt wdiether Hexham owes its origin to the 
ancient Britons or to their conquerors, the Romans, but in either case there 
is every reason to believe thatit was occupied by the latter after the subjugation 
of the former. On the departure of the imperial legions to defend the " Eternal 
City"' from the attacks of the barbarians, the inherent valour and acquired 
dependance of the Britons made them alternately the vanquishers of their 
foes and the slaves of their friends, and after numerous vicissitudes, we„find 
the Northumbrian sceptre swayed by a Sax-on king over a Saxon people. 
The darkness of ignorance and the gloom of pagan superstition w^ere dispelled 
by the morning light of the gospel. Edwin, the king, had been baptised by 
Paulinus, the Roman missionary, the church of St. Peter had been founded 
at York, and the people of Deira gloried in the Christian name. Encouraged 
by the example of the samted Oswald, and convinced by the preaching of 
Aidan, the bishop, the Berniciaus received the faith, and the w^hole of the 
north was Christian. A second church had been erected at Lindisfarne, and 
the third Northumbrian church was that of Hexham. 

The episcopal dignity, splendour, and celebrity of Hexham, were derived 
from St. Wilfrid, who was a Northumbrian by birth, and educated at the 
monastery of Lindisfarne. Having completed his studies he travelled for 
improvement. On his return to his native country he was chosen to succeed 
Tuda in the see of York, and was sent into France to be consecrated by his 
friend Agilberct, Bishop of Paris. Richard of Hexham informs us that Wil- 
frid remained so long in France, that some persons, envious of his preferment, 
persuaded the king that he had accepted a foreign bishopric. This informa- 
tion so enraged Oswio, the king, that he caused Ceadda, abbot of Lestingacy, 
to be consecrated bishop of the see of York, and Wilfrid at his return, finding 
Ceadda in possession of the episcopal dignity, retired peacefully to his mo- 
nastery at Ripon. But Theodore of Canterbury restored Wilfrid, and transla- 
ted Ceadda to Lichfield. Oswio acquiesced in the decision of the primate, 
and the bishop enjoyed for several years his friendship and that of his suc- 
cessor Egfrid. Egfrid had married Edilthryda, the daughter of Anna, king 
of the East Angles, and widow of Tondberct, ealdorman of the Girvii. This 
princess, as a mark of her piety and favour for Wilfrid, granted the territory 
of Hexhamshire to the church of St. Andrew, wdiich he had founded. At an 
early peiiod in life Edilthryda had bound herself by a vow of virginity, which 
was respected by the piety or indifference of her husband. At his death she 
was demanded by Oswio for his son Egfrid, a youth of only fourteen years, 



826 TINDALE WARD— SOTjTH DIVISION. 

and in spite of her remonstrances -svas conducted by lier relations to the court 
of Northumbria. She persisted in her former resolution, and Egfrid when 
he ascended the throne, referred the matter to the decision of Wilfrid, having 
previously offered him a valuable present if he could prevail on Edilthryda to 
renounce her early vow. The prelate, however, disappointed his hopes, the 
princess took the veil at Coldingham, and the friendship between Y/ilfrid and 
Egfrid was considerabl}^ impaired. The king now married Ermenburga, a 
princess, the \dolence of whose character excited the discontent of the people, 
and the remonstrances of the bishop. The freedom of his admonitions morti- 
fied her pride, and she found in her husband the willing minister of her 
vengeance. 

In the exercise of his authority Archbishop Theodore was always severe, 
occasionally despotic. He had already deposed three of the Saxon prelates, 
and Wilfrid was destined to experience the same fate. At the solicitation 
of Egfrid and Ermenburga, he came to Northumbria, and by his own autho- 
rity, without the concurrence, without even the knowledge of Wilfrid, he 
divided the extensive diocese of York into three portions, and consecrated 
three new prelates, one for Bemicia, a second for Deira, and a third for the 
Liudiswaras. But Wilfrid did not submit in silence. He complained that 
he had been deprived without notice or accusation, and, with the a,dvice of 
his episcopal brethren, appealed to the equity of the sovereign pontiff. But 
the anxiety of Theodore to pre-occupy the ear of the pope, was more expedi- 
tious than the diligence of the deposed bishop, who, by the inclemency of the 
season, was detained in Friesland, and spent the winter in preaching to the 
pagans the truths of the gospel. With the return of spring he pursued his 
journey, and on his arrival at Rome, was informed that his pretensions had 
been ah^eady notified and opposed by the monk C^enwald, the advocate of 
Theodore. After a patient hearing, Pope Agatho decided that Wilfrid should 
be restored to his former bishopric, but that he should select three proper 
persons out of his own clergy, should consecrate them bishops, and divide 
among them the more distant portions of his diocese. A copy of this decision 
was delivered to Wilfrid, who remained some months in Eome, assisted with 
one hundred and twenty-fi.ve bishops at a council which was there held, sub- 
scribed to its decrees, and bore testimony to the faith of the Britons, Saxons, 
Scots, and Picts, who inhabited the northern provinces of the British Islands. 

Egfrid and Ermenburga had made several fruitless attempts to intercept 
the prelate on his journey, at his return they threw him into prison, and 
during nine months endeavoured by the alternate employment of lenity and rigour, 
of promises and threats, to extort a confession that the papal mandate had 
been procured by bribery, or falsified by his contrivance. Wearied at last 
\nth his constancy and harassed by the importunities of the abbess Ebba, 
they consented to his enlargement, but on the condition that he should bind 
himself by an oath never more to set his foot within the dominions of Egfrid. 
WiKrid retired into Mercia. From Mercia he was driven by the intrigues of 
his persecutors into Wessex, and from Wessex was compelled to seek an 
asylum among the pagans of Sussex. Eddwalch, their king, took him under 



THE TOWN OF HEXHAM. 827 

his protection, and the exile repaid the benefit by diffusing among his subjects 
the doctrines of the gospel. The affairs of Hexham do not appear to have 
suffered during the absence of its founder. The sainted Eata filled the newly 
created see. He was the first bishop of Hexham, and is acknowledged to 
have been a man of most exemplary piety, learning, and urbanity of manners. 
He was succeeded by Tumbert, who being shortly afterwards deposed, St. 
Cuthbert was appointed to succeed him, but in regard that he chose rather to 
be placed over the church of Lindisfarne, in which he had lived, it was 
thought fit that Eata should return to the see of Hexham, for which he had 
been first consecrated, and that Cuthbert should take upon him the govern- 
ment of the church of Lindisfarne. Eata died bishop of Hexham in 685. 

He was succeeded by St. John of Beverley "a man both godly and learned, who 
was educated under Theodore of Canterbury, and called John, that is grace of 
God, on account of his excellence in composition and the vivacity of his 
genius. Heavenly philosophy from his mouth came with new charms to his 
hearers, and among his auditors was numbered the venerable Bede." But the 
banishment of Wilfrid was now hastening to its termination. Theodore, as 
he had been the first to inflict, was also the first to repair the injury. Before 
his death he condemned the injustice of his former conduct, solicited a re- 
conciliaton, and wrote in favour of the exiled bishop to the kings of Mercia 
and Northumbria. One of these letters is still extant. In it the primate 
urges the obedience due to the sovereign pontiff, bears testimony to the merit 
of Wilfrid, his innocence, his patience, and his zeal, and entreats the king 
to grant this last request to his friend and father ready to sink into the grave. 
Theodore did not live to witness the effect of his exhortations, and his death 
was speedily followed by that of Egfrid, who fell in battle with the Picts at 
Drumnetchan, and with him expired the influence of Ermenburga. Egfrid 
having left no issue by Ermenburga, was succeeded by Aldfrid, the reputed 
but illegitimate son of. Oswio, and in the second year of his reign, and the 
first of the episcopate of John of Beverley, Wilfrid was restored to his bishopric 
and possessions. During five years he again possessed the administration of 
his extensive diocese ; but they were years of anxiety and distress. His 
opponents were numerous and powerful, and though they yielded for the 
present, they eagerly watched for a more favourable time. The prelates w^ho 
had been expelled by the restoration of Wilfrid, acquired the confidence of 
the king ; Brithwald, the successor of Theodore, was induced to favour their 
cause, and the persecuted bishop was compelled to appeal a second time to 
the justice of Rome. He returned with a papal testimonial of his innocence, 
but Alfrid refused to receive him, and he sheltered himself under the protec- 
tion of Coenred of Mercia. Aldfrid died in 705, and in his last moments re- 
gretted his treatment of Wilfrid, and bequeathed to his successor the charge 
of doing justice to the injured prelate. A compromise, satisfactory to all 
parties, was effected in the course of the same year. 

Whatever opinion may be formed of the character of this celebrated prelate, 
his numerous efforts to introduce a taste for the improvements of more civilized 
nations, entitles, lomx to the gratitude of his countrymen. Whatever riches 



83B^ - TINDALE WARD— SOUTH- DIYI3T0N. 

he acquired, were devoted to the huiiding and adorning of his churches and 
monasteries, for which purpose he employed the most skilful artists which 
Europe then produced. The abbey and church of St. Andrew, at Hexham, 
were the most admired of all his works. The height and length of the walls, 
the beautiful polish of the stone, the number of the columns and porticoes, 
and the spiral windings, which led to the top of each tower, have exercised 
the descriptive powers of Eddius, who, after two journies to the tombs of the 
apostles, boldly declared that there existed not, on this side the Alps, a 
church to be compared to that of Hexham. He also built three other churches, 
of which there are no remains nov/ visible. One was dedicated to St. Mary, 
and occupied the place now called St. Mary's Chare ; parts of its foundation 
were brought to light in digging and raising buildings upon it. The other 
was dedicated to St. Peter, and its position is not known. The third was his 
predecessor's favourite retreat, the oratory of St. Michael the archangel, which 
was situated about a mile and half from the church of Hexham, at the place 
now called Nether Warden. Many other churches and numerous public 
works distinguished his life, and if the supposition of his lowly origin be well 
founded, and the elevation and celebrity to which he attained be considered, 
he must appear one of the most extraordinary characters that ever occupied 
the page of history. He died ab his monastery of Oundle, in Northampton- 
shire, and was buried in the church of St. Peter at Eipon. 

Wilfrid was succeeded in the diocese of Hexham by his countryman and 
chaplain the venerable Acca, who had attended him in his v>^orst fortunes, 
and was with him at Rome, where he learned to chant and sing well in the 
Eoman choir, and at his return was one of the best voices, the most musical 
and graceful, in the church of Hexham. On his elevation to the bishopric 
he employed all the powers of his mind, and expended all his resources in 
the ornamenting of his church. He procured from all parts the relics of the 
blessed apostles and martyrs, erected altars in distinct chapels within the 
walls of his church, and lastly collected at an enormous expense a noble and 
ample library, Bede loved him most dearly, dedicated many of his compo- 
sitions to him, and gave him all the marks of respect and esteem in his power. 
How deserving soever he was of it, he had enemies, who succeeded in driving 
him from his bishopric after he had held it with honour and dignity for twenty- 
four years. After an absence of eight years, he returned, and in the month 
of November 740, " his sphit passed to the angels, and his body rested on 
the east of his church of Hexham." His remains were subsequently transla- 
ted to Durham. 

Of the three succeeding bishops of Hexham, Fridbert, Alcmund, and 
Tilbert, little more is related than the dates of their succession, the period of 
their episcopate, and the times of their decease. Fridbert succeeded Acca, in 
736, and after having held the bishopric for thirty- one years, he died, and 
Alcmund became the possessor of the see, which he governed for 
fourteen years, and was succeeded by Tilbert, who was consecrated in 781. 
He died in 789, and was buried in his cathedral church of Hexham. Ethel- 
bert, bishop of Whitherin, succeeded, and after governing the bishopric 



THE TOWN OF HEXHAM, 839 

for eight years, died at Barton, and was buried in the cliiirch at Hexham. 
Eadred vras chosen his successor, and consecrated at Woodford by Eadbald, 
archbishop of York, and Higbald, bishop of Lindisfarne, in 797. He enjoyed 
the see but three years. 

Eadbert, or Osbert, was consecrated bishop of Hexham, at Ethingham, 
in 800, and, according to the Saxon annals, found in the Cottonian Library,' 
died in 808. Tydferth the last bishop of Hexham succeeded. After holding 
the see for about fifteen years, he died, while on a journey to Kome, having 
been compelled to abandon his diocese by the cruel ravages of the Danes. 
Thus ended the first episcopacy of Hexham. In our own times we have seen 
this diocese again revived by Pope Pius IX. in his rescript bearing date the 
24th September, 1850, the circumstances attending which are still fresh 
in the memory of our readers. 

Up to the time of the Danish invasions, and as long as the succession to 
the see of Hexham was unbroken, the history of the place is as well under- 
stood, as it is possible for it to be, after the lapse of so many centuries. But 
on the abandonment of the episcopal chair by its last possessor, it appears 
that Eardulf of Lindisfarne, administered the affairs of the see of Hexham, 
which at length, as if by common consent, became united to the diocese of 
Lindisfarne. This union still continued when the latter see was transferred 
to Chester-le-street, and also at its final establishment at Durham, whose 
bishop retained possession of Hexham till the reign of Henry I,, who being 
offended with Bishop Flambard, transferred it to the see of York, together 
with the jurisdiction over the county of Cumberland, which before belonged 
to the see of Hexham. 

The fall of the bishopric of Hexham was soon followed by the ruin of its 
monastery. Of the fate of the monks we must be content to remain in igno- 
mnce ; it is but too probable that they fell victims to the savage fury of the 
Danish invaders. Thomas, Archbishop of York, on his visit to Hexham, in 
1112, being moved with the desolation of the church, and the recollection of 
its former grandeur and magnificence, together with the dreadful devastation 
which had laid waste the munificent gifts and works of piety of so many 
learned and religious men, constituted here a priory of regular canons of St. 
Augustine, and settled upon it an ample endowment. In addition to other very 
liberal gifts,- he gave it the cathedral and all its privileges, all the tithes 
within the manor and parish of Hexham, both great and small, and appointed 
Aschetill of Huntingdon its first prior. The priory was finished about the 
year 1114, when Thurston, its patron and protector, succeeded to the see of 
York. 

In 1119, the king of Scots besieged Prudhoe Castle, and A^sited Hexham. 
In 1133, the papal legate on his way to Carlisle, was reverently received by 
the monks of Hexham, who represented to him that three of their men had 
been killed, and two of their villages, Errington and Dissington, ravaged by 
Edgar, son of Earl Cospatric. The legate remonstrated with the Scottisid 
monarch, who made satisfaction to the church of Hexham, restored all the 
prisoners, and engaged that his armies never again should violate sanctuaries, 



830 TINDALE WAftD— SOUTH DIVISION. 

nor murder women and children; but in ]138, his followers again broke 
into the sanctuary, and defiled the sacred places. In the year 1296, during 
an inroad of the Scots, the priory was burned down by these invaders ; the 
nave of St. Andrew's Church suffered the same fate, and has never been 
restored. In the following year the Scots again invaded England. On their 
reaching Hexham, the monastery of which had been plundered during their - 
advance, the following singular scene is said by Heningford to have occurred. 
Three monks, all who had the courage to remain, were observed in a small 
chapel. Thinking the danger was over, they had forsaken their hiding places, 
and were endeavouring to repair the damages of the late visitation, when in 
the midst of their labours, they discovered the Scottish army, and fled in 
dismay to the oratory. The soldiers, however, with their long spears, were 
soon among them, and brandishing their weapons, commanded them, at their 
peril, to give up the treasures of the monastery. "Alas!" said one of the 
monks, " it is but a short time since you yourselves have seized our whole 
property, and you know best where it now is." At this juncture Wallace 
entered, and commanding his soldiers to be silent, requested one of the monks 
to celebrate mass : he obeyed, and the Scottish Guardian and his attendants 
assisted at the service with becoming reverence. When the consecration 
was about to take place, Wallace retired for a moment to lay aside his helmet 
and arms. Instantly the avarice and ferocity of the soldiers broke out. 
They pressed upon the priest, snatched the chalice from the high altar, tore 
away the ornaments and sacred vestments, and stole even the missal which 
the priest was using. ^Vhen their leader returned he found the priest in 
fear and horror at the sacrilege. Wallace, indignant at such conduct, gave 
orders that the villains should be searched for, and put to death, and in the 
meantime took the monks under his own special protection. As some 
atonement for the outrage committed, the Guardian granted to the monks of 
Hexham, a charter of protection for twelve months. In 1346, Robert Bruce, 
king of Scotland, entered Northumberland, at the head of a powerful army, 
and after burning Hexham and Corbridge, marched into Durham ; his army 
w^as soon afterwards defeated at Neville's Cross. 

The Battle of Hexham Levels, which for some time decided the important 
contest of the rival roses, was a remarkable event connected with the history 
of this interesting town. Henry VI., his Queen, Prince Edw^ard, and the 
French nobles, who had been sent to his assistance by the king of France, 
marched, with the northern lords of their party, from Alnwick, about Whitsun- 
tide. The command of the Lancastrian troops was confided to the Earl of 
Somerset, and the army was composed of French, Scottish, and Northumbrian 
soldiers, scarcely one of whom had not already fought or suffered for the 
cause they now came to defend. The Lancastrians encamped near the Lin- 
nels, on the south bank of the Devil Water, and awaited the advance of their 
enemies. King Edward was at York, but the Lord Montague, commander 
of the followers of the white rose, was in Northumberland, and had already 
conquered the Lancastrians at the battle of Hedgeley Moor. Montague fol- 
lowing up his advantage, immediately marched towards Hexha^m-ioiitHeMthiui 



THE TOWN OF HEXHAM. 8b. 

of May, the armies engaged, and after a short but sanguinary battle, victory 
declared for the army of Edward. Henry owed his safety to the fleetness of 
his steed, and the queen and prince escaped into the adjoining forest. The 
rocky banks of the Devil Water, and the recesses of Hexham Forest, were 
the retreat of a band of ruffians, who, untouched with pity for her sex and 
situation, seized the queen, stripped her of her jewels, and would have pro- 
ceeded to greater indignities, had not a fortunate quarrel about the division 
of theu' spoil, afforded the queen an opportunity of escape. Night and the 
forest sheltered her from pursuit ; but a robber crossed her path, when 
Mai'garet assuming an air of confidence £nd authority, announced her rank, 
and entrusted him with the defence of his prince. The outlaw instantly 
accepted the trust reposed in him, and conducted her to a wretched but secure 
asylum, which is still known by the name of the " Queen's Cave," Shortly 
afterwards, Margaret escaped to Scotland and thence to France. The Duke 
of Somerset was taken and beheaded^at Hexham, where he was buried. Those 
who escaped from the battle endured accumulated evils ; the Duke of Exeter 
became an exile in Burgundy, where he was seen bare-legged, begging his 
bread from door to door for God's sake. 

Nothing important distinguished Hexham from the time of this battle to 
the period of the Eeformation, when the inhabitants of this town and neigh- 
bourhood continued to adhere with the greatest firmness to the ancient faith, 
and the suiTenders which were extorted from the monasteries, excited in them 
unbounded indignation. The monks in Hexham priory, who were under 
twenty-four years of age, were turned out, and the elder brethren were allowed 
forty shillings a year, and a gown. But the ejected monks of this and other 
monasteries were repossessed of their houses at the time of the insurrection 
in 1536, called the "Pilgrimage of Grace." The triumph of the insurgents 
in this bold enterprise was, however, of short duration. Eobert Aske, their 
leader, was executed at York, Sir George Lumley and Sir Thomas Percy, 
suffered at Tyburn, Sir John Bulmer soon after, and Lady Bulmer was burnt 
for rebellion at Smithfield, Jay, the prior of Hexham, was dragged from his 
monastery, and hanged at its gate. The revenues of Hexham priory, at the 
Dissolution, were valued by Dugdale at £122 lis. Id. per annum; but accord- 
ing to Speed, at £138 Is. 9d. Its site, and some lands, were granted to Sir 
Eeginald Camaby. 

The inhabitants of Hexham were staunch loyalists during the civil wars ; 
and their attachment to the house of Stuart was conspicuous during the 
"risings" of 1715 and 1745. At the latter period. General Wade encamped 
at Kingshaw Green to repress the efforts of the discontented, and to improve 
the communication between Newcastle and Carlisle. 

The direful commotion, called Hexham Riot, occurred here on the 9th 
March, 1761, in consequence of the newly established regulations for raising 
the mihtia. At this time the militia in the northern counties had served the 
term of three years prescribed by law, so that it became necessary to ballot 
for a succession of men, and the authorities assembled at Hexham for that 
purpose. The people, particularly a large body of miners, being determined 



jS- TINDALE ward — SOUTH DIVISION. 

to oppose this regulation, as an insuperable grievance, assembled in consider- 
able numbers, of both sexes, and of all ages, some of them being armed with 
clubs and others with fire-arms. The magistrates, apprehensive of some 
disturbance, had procured the North York Militia for thek guard, and these 
were drawn up in the Market Place. This military array provoked the 
populace, who insulted the soldiers with reproaches ; and not content with 
this, proceeded to blows, which for some time the soldiers sustained with all the 
temperance of perfect discipline. The riot act was read, and the people were 
exhorted to disperse. Encouraged by the forbearance of the militia, and 
possessed with a notion that they w^ould not commit hostilities, they proceeded 
from one outrage to another, seized the weapons of the soldiers, and shot an 
officer at the head of his company, whilst he was remonstrating with the in- 
furiated mob, A private soldier was also shot at the same instant. The 
reluctant magistrates now gave an order to fire, when the exasperated soldiers 
poured in upon the crowd a regular volley, by which forty-five of the populace 
were killed upon the spot, and three hundred desperately wounded. The 
survivors immediately fled. The most lamentable part of this sad disaster 
was that some unhappy women and children, drawn thither by curiosity, or 
the more praiseworthy motive of persuading their husbands, parents, or 
relations, to retire, perished in the undistinguished vengeance of that day. 

CHURCHES, CHAPELS, PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS, &c. 

The Cathedeal, oe Abbey Chuech, is the great ornament and boast of the 
town. The circumstances which led to its erection have been akeady placed 
before our readers, and it only remains for us to notice the building in its 
present state, which, we regret to say, oui' limited space precludes us from 
doing in that full and complete manner, w^hich so interesting and magnificent 
a remnant of the grandeur and glory of past ages merits. It is said to form a 
very text book of the early English period of Gothic architecture, and com- 
prises every distinctive feature that marks the style, combining a simplicity and 
grandeur of effect not excelled by any other edifice in the kingdom. It is a 
cruciform structure, consisting originally of nave and aisles, transepts, choir 
and aisles, and central tower. This latter contains a fine peal of eight bells, 
which are much celebrated for the sweetness and mellowness of their tone. 
The extreme dimensions of the church from east to west, were, previous to 
the destruction of the nave, 260 feet, and from north to_south in the transept, 
157 feet. The choir is 100 feet in length from the rood-screen to the east 
window, and the tower measures 100 feet to the battlements by which it is 
surrounded. The external appearance is venerably plain ; the long triple 
lancet lights, the plain, flat buttresses of tv>^o or three stages, the octagonal 
pointed pinnacle and plain parapet, and the high pitched roof, are all indica- 
tions of that marked style of which this building is such a pure example. 
The buildings of the monastery have been arranged like those of the other 
conventual edifices of the same period. The cloisters still remain an open 
space on the west side of the south transept, between the church and the 



THE TOWN Off HEXHAM. - 835 

abbey ; and the fine abbey gate, with its open porch, claims a date coeval with 
the church. 

On entering the building by the north door, the stranger will immediately 
notice the effect of the noble arches which support the tower, and form the 
division of the cross. Each angle originally contained ten tall, equal shafts, 
crowned by a plain bold capital, the apex of the arch rising nearly to the 
height of the body of the church. The arches that divide the centre from 
the side aisles are beautifully proportioned, with graceful capitals, and elabo- 
rate bases : over these rises the matchless triforium, with its throng of slender 
shafts side by side around the pier. The triforium is surmounted by the 
lofty and elegant clerestory, which contains a concealed gallery, running 
round the upper part of the church, the whole forming a combination of pro- 
portion and beauty seldom surpassed. A fine arcade of trefoil headed arches, 
whose spandrels have been filled with beautifully interlaced foliage, runs 
along the north and east walls of the side aisle of the north transept. The 
double column vv^hich divided the eastern wall into three small chapels, is still 
visible. The ancient font which formerly stood in the choir, now stands in 
the side aisle of the south transept. There are three stone staircases in this 
part of the church, two of them are of a spiral construction. One placed in 
the west angle of the north transept, leads up to the gallery in the clerestory, 
the other in the south transept leads to the belfry. A broad, plain, open stair 
at the south end of the church leads to' "a platform, v/here there is a door 
communicating with the chapter house, and covers a vaulted passage, leading 
from the cloisters to the south side of the choir. The remains of the chapter 
house are situated south of this passage. It is upvfards of thirty feet square, 
surrounded on all sides by fine acute pointed arches, which are supported by 
pillars, whose bases are hidden below the present floor. In the side aisle 
of the north transept are three recumbent figures of early date. One of these 
efiigies is said to represent Eichard de Umfraville, a benefactor to this church, 
who died in 1227. Another knight, represented in armour, is supposed to be 
Galfred de Ay don, and close by this monument lies an effigy of a " veiled 
nun," whose name is unknown. There is also in this transept, an elaborate 
mural tablet, erected by John Fenwick, Esq., of Newcastle, to the memory 
of his father, the late Edward Fenwick, a native of Hexham, and a descendant 
of the ancient family of Fenwick, of Fenwick Tower and Wallington. 
On the floor here is a collection of flat sepulchral slabs, some with crosses, and 
others v^^ith the remains of inscriptions. 

The choir is separated from the transepts by the rood-screen, a very rich 
and elaborate piece of workmanship, in the decorated style. It is in two 
parts, the lovfer of which is divided by carved w^ork into five arches, the centre 
one being the entrance into the choir, and the others being elaborately painted to 
represent Gothic lights of intricate composition, beneath which are numerous 
niches, and in each of them a figure vested in pontifical habits and bearing 
the ensigns of ecclesiastical authority. On the remainder of this curious 
screen, above the arch, is a remnant of the antique painting, commonly 
called "Death's Dance." It is a representation of the po-wer of death over 



834 tindALe wabd— south division. 

all mankind, none of whom, whatever may be their rank or station, ar6 
exempt from its influence. A remarkable part of the screen is a large orna- 
mented hollow moulding which bears an inscription in ligature letters, running 
thus — " Orate pro Auima Domini ThomaB S. Pater Ecclesiae qui fecit hoc 
opus," alluding to Thomas II., archbishop of York, who restored the church. 
Above the screen are placed two large compartments of canopied panels, 
containing representations of seven of the Saxon bishopS; who filled the see 
of Hexham. The figares are four feet nine inches in height, their names 
running along the base of the panel, beginning' with Eata, Tumbert, John, 
Acca, Fiidbert, Alcmund, and Wilfrid. The colours ai'e veiy fresh, and 
the back ground richly diapered. 

The choir, now used as the parish church, is entered by passing 
beneath the organ and singers' gallery, which are situated behind the rood- 
screen. It consists of an aisle divided into three ; the centre one havuig a lofty 
roof supported by large blocks of oak, forming low, sharp-pointed arches : the 
side aisles are nearly twelve feet broad, the walls ten feet thick, the roof low, 
and formed of stone, by a series of intersecting arches springing from columns 
which separate the chancel from the side aisles. The walls of the centre aisle 
are composed of a series of inter-columniations, shaft over shaft and arch over 
arch. There is a peculiarity in the clerestory here, the columns of the arches 
being crutched or stilted, and differing from those in the transept. The 
square abacus to the capitals, the transitional volute, and the serrated label 
running around the ground arches on the south side, are admitted by most 
antiquarians to be lingering Norman-transition features, joined to a fairer 
contour of the mouldings. All agree that the choir is the earliest part of the 
church. The great east window is spacious and well executed, and previous 
to the destruction of its painted glass was probably very beautiful. Near the 
south side of the altar is a beautiful gallery of carved oak, under which are the 
three stalls highly ornamented with tabernacle work, which formerly seiwed 
as seats for the bishop and his attendants dming the celebration of mass. 
On the north side of the altar is a beautiful oratory or shrine, painted like the 
rood-screen, and richly ornamented with carved figures and ornaments. The 
base is of curious sculptured stone, adorned \Yith grotesque figures of St. 
George, the Fox preaching to the Goose, the Thumb Screw, the Night Mare, 
&c. Within stands a stone altar, and above are three panels, with paint- 
ings of St. Peter, St. Andrew, and St. Paul. There is also a painting of the 
Crucifixion, which is now nearly obliterated. The roof contains a few bosses, 
on the centre one is earned an angel bearing a shield, charged with a cross 
formed by the two letters Pt. C. In a niche below the altar-slab, an Ape is 
seated ha^dng taken possession of the sanctuary, shutting out the weary pil- 
grim, as he appears by the appropriate costume of cockle-shell in front of the 
cap, with scrip and staff. Opposite the Ape is a Hare, denoting that secmity 
must be gained by flight from our enemies. At the back of the shrine is the 
celebrated Fridstool, to which offenders used to flee for sanctuaiy. It is a stone 
chair ornamented with some ancient carding. This ancient church, like many 
others in the land, possessed the privilege of sanctuary, the limits of which 



THE TOWN OF HEXHAM. 835 

were marked by four crosses placed at a certain distance from the church, in 
the direction of the four cardinal points, and any attempt to arrest the fugitive 
once he came within the boundaries marked by the crosses, was finable by 
the church, according to the nearness of the approach to the seat of refuge ; 
but if the pursuers dared to take the offender from the Fridstool, the offence 
was inexpiable. Under the organ of the church, are the ancient stalls of tbe 
monks, formed of curiously carved oak. Each seat forms a chair with arms, 
and the bottom is so constructed as to be occasionally turned up, when the 
underside displays a curious carving of some quaint design ; the benches in 
front terminating with poppy heads, were taken away on repewing the church. 
The rest of the choir is filled with what has not unhappily been designated 
"pew lumber," which greatly dishonours this venerable pile. At the east 
end of the chancel stands the Lady Chapel, in a very dilapidated state. It is 
in the style of architecture prevalent in the early part of the fourteenth 
century, and w^as for many ages used as a school. It is much to be regretted that 
some measures have not been taken to restore this interesting relic of an- 
tiquity, or at least, to save it from utter destruction. Beneath the church are 
several crypts and vaulted passages, abounding with fragments of sculptured 
stones, cornices, mouldings, and inscriptions, w-hich Mr. Gale supposes to 
have been brought from the Roman station, at Corbridge. Several repairs 
and improvements were effected in this church, in 1831, by W. B. Beaumont, 
Esq., who also removed many of the old houses about the chapter-house, and 
it is purposed to remove the wretched and unsightly buildings which are set 
up against the wall of this noble and ancient edifice, as soon as they can be pur- 
chased. The Abbey, formerly the seat and still the property of the Beaumonts, 
occupies the site of the ancient monastery, and is separated from the church, on 
the west side, by the space on which the cloisters were built. The west front over- 
looksthe Seal. The livingof the parishisaperpetual curacy, formerly inthejuris- 
diction of the archbishop of York, but now in the diocese of Durham, arch- 
deaconry of Northumberland, and deanery of Hexham. It is rated at £13 6s. 8d., 
returned at £113 ; gross income £139. Patron, W. B. Beaumont, Esq. ; in- 
cumbent, the Rev. Joseph Hudson, M.A. The parish register commences 
in 1655. 

St. Maey's (Catholtc) Church is pleasantly situated at the top of Battle 
Hill, and was erected in 1830, at a cost of £2,500, principally defrayed by 
subscriptions, collected by the unwearied exertions of the Rev. Michael Single- 
ton, the present priest, who was also the architect of the edifice. It is a 
beautiful structure, in the style of architecture which prevailed during the four- 
teenth century. The window over the altar is filled with stained glass, and 
elegant tracery. For many years previous to the erection of this church, 
there were two Catholic places of worship in Hexham, one in Cockshaw, and 
the other in Hencotes. Recurring to a period antecedent to the building of 
the two older Catholic chapels, we find that, in more intolerant times, the people 
met for worship in a house, the second from the foot of the Holy Island, and* 
at a still remoter era, they worshipped in a little thatched cottage, near the 
Ladle-well, in Cockshaw-loaniiig, belonging to a branch of the Leadbitter family. 

3 E 3 



83^ TINDALE WARD— SOUTH DIVISION. 

The Independent Chapel, at the head of Broadgates, was erected in 
1790, at a cost of upwards of £500. Rev. John Ward, minister. The 
Presbyterian Church, Hencotes, was built in 18S5, at a cost of £1,309, 
and is a commodious stone edifice, possessing about 500 sittings. Rev. 
Joseph Gordon, minister. The United Presbyterian Church is a neat 
stone building situate in Gilligate. Rev. Alexander Henderson, minister. 
The Wesletan Methodist Chapel, a good stone building, situated in 
Gilligate, was erected in 1789, and has since undergone several altera- 
tions and improvements. The Primitive Methodists have also a small 
place of worship at Bull Bank. 

Hexha:^! Free Grammar Shool, situated in Hall-garth, was founded hj letters 
patent of Queen Ehzabeth, in 1599, and regulated by a decree of the High 
Court of Chancery, in 1827. By the deed of foundation the master is required 
"to be well skilled in the Greek and Latin tongues, and a professor of true 
rehgion." The school is considered to be open to all boys born in the 
parish, for instruction in Latin, writing, accounts, and mathematics, at the 
limited payment of 7s. 6d. a quarter. The school is endowed with the in- 
terest of £370, and £'2 19s. 2d. rent, the total income being £22 per annum, 
besides a house and garden for the teacher, the Rev. James Urwin. 

St. Mary's (Catholic) School, is situated at Battle Hill, and is a neat 
stone building, erected by subsciiption, in 1832, at a cost of £400. Hugh 
Callan, and Mary Smith, teachers. The Subscription School (Boys), 
Sldmierisburn, was erected in 1813, at an expense of £350, half of which sum 
was contributed by the lord and lady of the manor, and the residue by the 
inhabitants. It is supported, as its name implies, by subscriptions. Robert 
Dickinson, teacher. The Subscription School (Girls), is held in the room 
beneath the AYesleyan Chapel, in Gilligate, Jane Cox, teacher. There is 
also a school attached to the Presbyterian Chapel, at Hencotes. 

The Dispensary, which affords medical and surgical aid to the poor of the 
town and neighbourhood, is situated in Back-street, and ranks as the most 
beneficial charity in Hexham. It was established in 1816, under the patro- 
nage of T. R. Beaumont, Esq., and about 250 persons are admitted to its 
benefits every year. James Kirsopp, Esq., is treasurer and secretary ; Pvobert 
Stokoe, Thomas Jefferson, and Nicholas Maughan, surgeons, and William 
Pruddah, dispensing chemist. 

The Gas Works are situated in Gilligate, and were established by a joint- 
stock company, in 1835, at a cost of £2,700. The number of shareholders is 
278, at £10 per share. 

Trade, &g. — It was some time ago observed that "if this town enjo^'ed 
the benefits of inland navigation, it would, in many respects, be a favourite 
seat for trade, and indeed it has long been famous for its niauufactories of 
leather, particularly gloves, of which about 24,000 dozens of pairs are made 
and exported annually, giving employment to about 1,000 women and girls, 
and 120 men and boys. Not less than 80,000 raw skins are used here 
yearly, besides about 18,000 skins of dressed leather imported from various 
places. There are four tanneries in the town, in- which upwards of 20,000 



THE TOWN OF HEXHAM. -837 

calf and sheep skins and hides, are dressed every year. The making of 
stuff hats is another considerable branch of trade, and here are two worsted 
manufactories, and a variety of trades." It is to be hoped that the in- 
troduction of a mode of conveyance so vastly superior to iiiland navigation, 
as milway transport has now proved to be, has fully realized this pleasant 
anticipation. Immense quantities of vegetables are sent from Hexham 
to the Newcastle markets, and about 4,000 quarters of wheat, 1,000 quarters 
of barley, 2,000 quarters of oats, and 1,600 quarters of rye, have been annually 
sold at Hexham. A market is held here every Tuesday, when the tow^n is 
plentifully supphed with corn, provisions, &c., and from the end of February 
to Midsummer, and from October to Christmas, an extensive cattle-market 
is held on alteruate Tuesdays. Two annual fairs are held on the Tyne-green, 
near the town, on the 6th August, for cattle, lambs, &c., and on the 9th 
November, for horses, cattle, and swine. A tryst fair was also established, 
in 1824, to be held annually on the 25th March, in the Market-place, 
for the sale of stock. There is also a wool fair on the 2nd July. 
Hirings take place on the first Tuesday in March, the 12th May, and 11th 
November. 

GovEENMENT, &c. — Hcxham is not a corporate tovm, though four incorpo- 
rate companies, or trades, have exercised the right of monopoly in it as strictly 
as has been customary in towns governed by bodies corporate. These trades 
are weavers, tanners and shoemakers, skinners and glovers, and hatters. 
The civil government of the town was formerly vested in the archbishop's 
seneschal, but afterwards in the bailiff, who is still appointed by the lord of 
the manor, whose representative he is in the court over which he presides. 
When the regality of Hexhamshire was united to Northumberland, in the 
reign of Elizabeth, the powers of its baihii became very limited. A court-leet, 
and view of frank-pledge, a court-baron, and two courts for the recovery of 
debts, continued to be held periodically within the regality — the court of 
record for the recovery of debts to any amount, twice a year, v/ithin a month 
after Easter and Michaelmas, for the trial of causes, and for other purposes ; 
and the side-court, for the recovery of small debts four times a year, or 
oftener, as occasion required, before the bailiff as steward, with a jurisdiction 
over all Hexhamshire, and power to levy executions upon goods, and to sell 
them for the payment of debts and costs. At the court-baron debts under 
forty shillings are recoverable. The quarter sessions for Northumberland are 
held here annually, on the Thursday after the 24th June, in their course 
with Alnwick, Morpeth, and New^castle. Petty sessions, for Tindale Ward, 
are held at the Justice Room, on the first Tuesday in every month. 

The County Couet, for the recovery of debts under £50, is held here about 
the middle of each month, James Losh, Esq., judge, Heiiry Iiigledew, clerk, 
John Stokoe assistant clerk, Robert Prybus, high bailiff, Thomas Baty, 
assistant bailiff. 

The House of Coeeection for Hexham and Tindale Ward is situated in 
Gilligate ; it was repaired and a new wing added some years since. Hexham 
is a pollhag place for the Southern Division of the county of Northumberland. 



838 TINDALE WARD— SOUTH DIVISION. 

The Hexham Poor Law Union compreliends seventy-five parishes and 
townships, embracing an area of 198,586 statute acres, and a population in ] 851, 
of 30,436 souls. The parishes and townships are Acomb (East), Acomb 
(West), Allendale, Anick, Anick Grange, Apperley, Ayden, Ayden Castle, 
Barrasford, Bearl, Bingfield, Black Carts and Rye Hill, Blanchland, Broom- 
haugh, Broomley, Bywell St. Andrew, Bywell St. Peter, Chollerton, Clare- 
wood, Cocklaw, Colwell and Swinburn, Corbridge, Dilston, Duker's Hagg, 
Eltringham, Espershields, Fallowfield, Fotherley High, Gunnerton and 
Chipchase, Hallington, Halton, Halton Shields, Haughton, Haydon, Healey, 
Hedley-on-the-Hill, Hedley Woodside, Hexham, High Quarter, Horsley, 
Humshaugh, Low Quarter, Master's Close, Mickley, Middle Quarter, 
Nafferton, Newbiggin, Newbrough, Newlands, Newton, Newton Hall, Oving- 
ham, Ovington, Portgate, Prudhoe, Prudhoe Castle, Riding, Sandhoe, 
Shotley Low Quarter, Simonhurn, Slaley, Spittle, Stelling, Stocksfield Hall, 
Styford, Thornbrough, Wall, Warden, Welton, West Quarter, Whittonstall, 
Whittle, Whittington Great, Whittington Little, and Wylam. 

The Hexham Union Workhouse is situated at the Peth Head. It is a 
substantial stone building, erected in 1839, and possesses sufficient accommo- 
dation for 264 persons. The number of inmates at present (1854) is 173. 
William England, master ; Mary England, matron ; Thomas Stainthorpe, 
surgeon; John Stokoe, clerk; Joseph Coates and Mary Ann Seymour, 
teachers. 

Worthies. — Amongst the many eminent men whose names are connected 
with this ancient town, we find the following distinguished individuals : — 

John of Hexham, who was a native of this place where he became a 
monk, and in the course of time rose to the rank of prior. He was celebrated .^ 
for his learning and eloquence, taught divinity and philosophy, wrote a i 
continuation of the history of Simeon of Durham, and also a " History of the 
Scotch Wars." 

Prior Richard, so often quoted in connexion with the church and mo- 
nastery of Hexham, the author of " Be Statu et Episcopis Hagulstadensis 
Ecclesiee," &c., was the pupil and successor of John. He died in 1192, and 
was buried in his own monastery. 

The Rev. George Ritschell, though a Bohemian by birth, was curate 
and first lecturer of Hexham church. Having left his native country, and 
studied at the most celebrated Dutch and German universities, he came to 
Oxford in 1644, where by his various works he raised himself very much in 
the opinion of his contemporaries. He died in 1683. 

John Tweddell, M.A. was born at Threap wood, near Hexham. At nine 
years of age he entered the school of the Rev. Matthew Raine, at Hartford, 
near Richmond, afterwards was a short time with Dr. Parr, and then of 
Trinity College, Cambridge, where, in 1788, he gained all the three medals 
of Sir William Brown, and in the next year two of them. In 1790, he 
obtained the Chancellor's medal; in 1791 and 1792, the member's prize for. 
senior bachelors ; and, in the latter year, entered the Middle Temple. IminK 
1793, his " Prolusioues Juveniles" were published ; and in 1795, he went to 



HEXHAM DIEECTORY. 



839 



Hamburgh, and thence to Berlin and Vienna. He travelled through the 
whole of Switzerland, and even proceeded to Moscow, where he was introduced 
to Stanislaus, the last king of Poland. From St. Petersburgh he went into 
Sweden, and thence through Russia and the Crimea to Constantinople, and 
after long and exhausting travels in Greece, died at Athens, in 1799. His 
letters breathe forth the very spirit of the poetical temperament — keen quick 
perception, and lively imagination. 

Chaeities. — The bequests to the poor of this parish are numerous; 
the following table gives the date of nearly each benefaction, the name of the 
donor, the appropriation and annual value as abstracted from the Reports of 
the Commissioners for inquiring respecting Charities, printed by order of the 
House of Commons. 



Date 



Donors and nature of gifts. 



To what purposes applied. Annual value. 



1634. Mabel Ord (interest) poor £5 

1637. Jane Lawson (rent charge) 40 poor widows on Good Friday 2 

1075. James Cresswell (rent) poor 8 

1679. Mary Fenwick (rent) apprenticing poor 19 17 

1680. Ursula Mountney (rent charge) poor 3 

1692. John Coulson (rent charge) poor 1 

1699. Ann Kadcliffe (rent charge) poor and apprenticing 20 

Copyhold allotment (rent) poor 2 10 

1709. M. and D. Allgood (interest) poor 4 

Johnson and Forbes (rent) poor 8 

Thomas Howden (rent charge) .... 20 poor widows 1 

1717. Kev. George Pdtschell (rent charge) 40poor widows of Hexham town- 
ship Is.each on St.Thomas's day 
and a similar sum to as many 
poor women of Whitley cha- 

pelry 4 

1748. Ann Johnson (interest) poor, on 26th of July 2 15 

1764. Kobert Andrews (rent charge) poor, net receiving relief 2 10 

Dixon and others (rent) minister, and poor of High and 

Middle Quarters 11 

Almshouse (rent & interest) 6 3 



Total dGlOO 16 3 



HEXHAM DIRECTORY. 



Post Ofpice, Fore Street. — Joseph Wilkinson, postmaster. 

Areiv^ls. — from. Carlisle, 7-45 ; Bellingham, 9-50; London, Newcastle and Gateshead, 
11-30 a.m. ; Newcastle-on-Tyne, 2-30; Haydon, Carlisle, and the West, 4; London, New- 
castle, Gateshead, Haydon Bridge, and Carlise, 7-50, p.m. 

Despatches to Haydon Bridge and Haltwhistle, II ; Newcastle-on-Tyne, 11-55, a.m. ; 
Carlisle, 2-20; BelUngham, 2-40; London, Gateshead, and Newcastle, 3-50; London, New- 
castle, Gateshead, Carlisle, &c., 7-35, p.m. (Box closes half an hour previous to each 
despatch.) 



Miscellany 

Consisting of the names of the Clergy, Gentry, Part- 
ners in Firms, and inhabitants not printed in 
the Trades List. 

Armstrong Mrs. Isabella, Hencotes 



Angus James, superintendent of police, 
Backrow 

BaiTow Miss Jane, Hencotes 

Baty John, serjeant of the manor of Hex- 
ham and law agent, Moot Hall 



^(f 



TINDALE WABD— SO tJTH DIVISION. 



Bell Mrs. Elizabeth, Hencotes 
Bell Captain Williara, The Abbey 
Bradshaw Mrs. Jane, Hencotes 
Braclwell Mrs. Ann, Commercial-place 
Byne Mr. Charles, Bumsicle Cottage 
Carr Miss Isabella, Hencotes 
Charlton Mrs. Ann Maria, Hexham House 
Charlton John, Esq. Boswell House 
Charlton Mrs. Margaret, Battle Hill 
Cooke Thomas, com. agent. Hallgate 
Cooke Thomas, junr. com. agent, Hencotes 
Dixon Edward, girnmaker, Fore-street 
Dixon Joseph, cornmiller, Tjaie Mills 
Dixon Thomas, station master 
Dickinson Mrs. Margaret, Hencotes 
Dodd Charles & Co. spuit merchants, 

Eore-street 
Dodd Thomas, gentleman, Biding House 
Donkin Mrs. Mary, Davison's-buildings 
Douglas Mrs. Ann, Burnside Cottage 
Dryclen Mrs. Eliza, Priestpopple 
Elliott Mr. Thomas, Hencotes 
Errington Miss Isabella, St. Mary's Cottage 
Eairlam James, relieving officer and re- 
gistrar of births and deaths for Hexham 
district, Wentworth-place 
Fairless Joseph, registrar of marriages for 

Hexham Union, Hencotes 
Eell Misses Sarah & Elizabeth, Hencotes 
Franklin Eev. William, Hencotes 
French Stephen, surveyor of roads,Hencotes 
Fenwick Bev. Ealph, Bellman's Close 
Gibson Miss Eliza, Hencotes 
Gibson Mrs. Frances, Hencotes 
Gibson Jasper, deputy steward to the ma- 
nor of Hexham, Anick Grange, and 
clerk to the West Auckland and Elishaw 
and the Gateshead and the Hexham 
Turnpike Boad, Manor Office 
Gordon Bev. Joseph (Presbyterian), Mar- 
ket-street 
Grant Mrs. Elizabeth, Wentworth -place 
Gibson Mrs. Thomas, High Shield 
Hair Mrs. Mary, Believue, Causey Hill 
Halliday John, steward. Back-street 
Hart Jane, dyer, Gilligate 
Hays Henry, gentleman, Hencotes 
Head Charles, banker, Haekwood House 
Head John Oswald, solicitor (C. Head and 

Son); ho. Maiden Cross 
Hedley William, accountant, Sun Inn Yard, 

Fore-street ; ho. Quatre Bras 
Henderson Bev. Alexander, Middle Leazes 
Holliday John, steward. Back-street 
Hudson Bev. Joseph, Abbey 
Jeiferson Mrs. Jane, Hencotes 
King Mrs, Ann, Prospect House 



Kirsopp Mrs. Eliza, Battle Hill 
Lee Mrs. — ■■ Commercial-place 
Middleton Mr. William, Hencotes 
Mitford Miss Mary, Hencotes 
Marshall George, Esq. Halliwell Dean 
Murton Joseph, collector of rates and taxes, 

Quartre Bras 
Nicholson William, pawnbroker, Market- 
place 
Oliver John, spirit merchant. Market-street 
Oliver John, sexton. Long-yard 
Oliver Bobt. plasterer, Hencotes 
Parker Miss Elizabeth, Quartre Bras 
Pattinson, Davison, & Spencer, ironfound- 

ers, engineers, and millwrights, Cock- 

shavyf 
Pratt Mr. Thomas, Commercial-place 
Price William, nailmaker, Hallgate 
Bitson Jacob, gentleman, Gauseyhill Grange 
Bobson Miss Mary, Portland Cottage 
Eussell Mrs. Frances, Quartre Bras 
Scott Mrs. Marion, Quartre Bras 
Scott Bobert, gentleman, Hencotes 
Shaftoe Miss Carohne l^Iatilda, Hencotes 
Shiells Mrs. Elizabeth, Broadway House 
Singleton Bev. Michael, M.A. (Catholic) 

Battle Hill 
Stainthorpe Mrs. Elizabeth, Bankhead 
Stephenson George, superintendent police 

officer for Tiudale Ward, Battle HHl 
Surtees William, builder, Gilligate 
Swan Mrs. Mary, Cockshaw 
Swinburn William, bird & animal preserver. 

Back-street 
Temperley Mrs. Mary Ann, Temperley- 

place 
Thirlwell Sarah, Temperance House, Com- 

m-ercial-place 
Thomas Edward, superintendent of inland 

revenue. Low Shield 
Turnbull Mr. James, Orchard-place 
Turner Jonathan, clerk, Hencotes 
Turner William, clerk & organist, Hencotes 
Waddilove Eev. W. J. D. Beacon Grange 
Walker Wylaw, firebrick maker. Orchard 

House 
Walton Mr. George, Bellman's Close 
Ward Bev. John (In dependent), Low Leazes 
Watts Mr. James, Causey Hill 
Wear and Brown, timber merchants, Priest- 
popple 
Waters Mr. Wilham, Quarti'e Bras 
Wells Mrs. Ehzabeth, Hallgate 
White Mrs. Betty, Hencotes 
White&Bell,lemonadeandsoda-watermami- 

facturers. Battle Hill 
Wilkinson Mrs. Hannah, Priestpopple 



HEXHAM CLASSIFIEI> DIEEOTORY. 



8-41 



Wilkinson Joseph, postmaster, Fore-sti'eet 

Williams James, tea dealer, Quatre Bras 

Wills :\[iss Elizabeth, Hallgate 

Wiltliew Thomas, secretary to the gas com- 
pany, and inspector of weights and mea- 
sm-es for Tindale Ward, and assistant 
overseer, Cockshaw 



Williams Henry French, supervisor of in- 
land revenue, Low Shield 
Wood Thomas, clothes dealer. Bull-bank 
Yv'rangham Miss Mary, Market-place 
Younger Thomas, excise officer. Bellman's 
Close 



CLASSIFICATION OF TRADES AND PROFESSIONS. 



Academies and Schools 
Armstrong Eliza, Hall Style 

Cottage 
Campbell Dorothea, Quatre 

Bras - 
Douglas Janet, Hen cotes 
Grammar, Hallgarth Kev. 

Jaraes XJruia. master 
Moncrieff J.S.OrchardHouse 
Spencer Mary and Eebecca, 

Quatre Bras 
St. Mary's (Catholic), Bat- 
tle-hill, Hugh Callan and 
Mary Smith, teachers 
SuBSCEiPTiOJS" (Boys), Skin- 
ner's-burn, Kobert Dickin- 
son, master 

SUBSCEIPTION (GlKLS), GilH- 

gate, Jane Cox, mistress 
Thompson Jane & Elizabeth, 
Hudshaw 

Auctioneers aad Appraisers 
Blake Wm. Priestpopple 
Stainthorpe Yv'illiara, and 
sheriff's officer, Back- row 
Wilson William, Hallgate 

Bakers 
Carr William, Market-street 
Ferguson John, Market-pl 
Lishman Thomas, Battle-hill 
Y/ear Nathnl. Battle-hill 
Wood Thomas, Bull-bank 

Bankers 

Head Charles, Meal-market, 
draw on Masterman & Co 
London, and Joseph M. 
Head & Co. Carlisle 

Lambton W. H. & Co, Fore- 
street, draw on Barclay, 
Bevan, Tritton and Co. 
London, J. D. Bell, agent 

Northumberland and Dur- 
ham District Bank, draw 
on Glynn & Co. London, 
Jasper Gibson, manager, 
Manor OfiB,ce 



Basket Makers and Dealers 

Scott John, Fore-street 
Varley John, Bull-bank 

Booksellers and Stationers 

Cooke William, Fore-street; 
ho. Hencotes 

Pruddah Edward, Market- 
place ; ho. Hencotes 

Boot and Shoemakers 

Avery John, Gilligate 
Addison Matthew, Battle-hill 
Ellerington Jno. Tyne-green 
Emerson John, Back-street 
Forster Thos. Priestpopple 
Gibson John, clog, Market pi 
Jackson John, Meal Market 
Jackson William, Back-street 
Johnston Wm. Quatre Bras 
Lyon David, Market-street 
Lamb John, clog, Back-street 
McConnal Peter, Back-street 
Oliver John, clog, Gilligate 
Oxley George, Back-street 
Piidley John, Fore-street 
Robinson George, Gilligate 
Shotton Thomas, Fure-street 
Spencer Alexander, Gilligate 
Spoor Matthew, Battle hill 
Toppin John, Fore-street 

Bre's^ers and Malsters 
Armstrong Jno. Priestpopple 
Pearson Thos, Priestpopple 

Butchers 
Benson Christphr. Back-row 
Charlton John, CattleMarket 
Coulson Matthew, Market-st 
Dobson Alice, Market-place 
Dodd James, Gilligate 
Dodd Thomas, Hallgate 
Hedley John, Back-street 
Maughan John, Fore-street 
Milburn Ealph, Back-street 
Nicholson Edwd. Back-street 
Nicholson Joshua, Cattle Mkt 



Eobson James, CattleMarket 
Taylor Cuthbt. Market- pi ace 

Cartwrights 
Bell Nicholas, Priestpopple 
Charlton John, Priestpopple 
Kirsopp James, Low-gate 

Clieesemongers, Butter and 
Bacon Factors, and Provision 

Dealers 
Brown Michael, flour, Priest- 
popple 
Clemitson Thomas, Fore st 
Temperley William Angus, 
Market-st ; ho. Hencotes 
Chemists and Drnggists 
Armstrong Matth. Market-pl 
Bell George, Market-place; 

ho. Hallgate 
Charlton Margt. Market-pl 
Gibson William Wilson, 

Fore-street 
Pruddah William, Fore-st 

Chimney Sweepers 
Hamilton George, Gilligate 
Bind WiUiam, Battle-hill 

Confectioners 
Baker Margaret, Battle-hill 
Dixon EleanorjMarket-street 
AVatson Jane, Bull-bank 
White Catherine, Back-street 

Coopers 

Jameson James and Sons, 

Bull-bank 
Eoutledge Eobt. Priestpopple 

Curriers and Leather Cutters 
Gray John T. Back-street 
Hope John, Back-street 
Eobinson John, Battle-hill 
Eobinson Thos. Priestpopple 
Drapers— Linen and Woollen 
Bell Francis & Co. Marketst 
Dinning Thos. Market-place 
Dixon John, Battle-hill 



842 



TINDALE WARD — SOUTH DIVISION. 



Hill James, Fore-street 

Hogarth Margaret, Fore-st 
King James, Hallgate 
Lyon Eobert, Market-place 
Lyon William, Market-i^lace 
McKane John, Market-place 
Eobb Wilham, Hallgate 
Eobinson George & Francis, 

Market-place 
Eobson John Eenner,Fore-st 
Smith John, linen, Back-st 
Smith John & James,Fore-st 
White Arthur, Fore-street; 

ho. Hen cotes 

Dressmakers and Milliners 
Bi-ight Anne, Cattle-market 
Brown Elizb. Meal-market 
Charlton Hannah, Fore-st 
Cook Jane, Priestpopple 
Davison Frances, bonnet, 

Back-street 
Elliott Mary Ann, Fore-st 
Lyon Jane, bonnet, Gilligate 
Pruddah Elizabeth & Jane, 

Priestpopple 
Eowell Isabella, Back-street 
Wailes Anne, Battle-hill 
Walton Sarah, Backstreet 
Wilson Mary, Back-street 

Farmers 
Marked * are Yeomen 
Bell Jane, Yarridge 
*Bell Eobert, High Shield 
Coulson John, Low Yarridge 
Cowen Matthew, Black-hill 
*Hedley George, Sunniside 
Hutchinson Joseph&Forster, 

Watch Currick 
Lumbley Wm. Blossom-hill 
Moffatt John, Fortrees 
Scott John, Craneshaugh 
* Smith Matthew, and brick 

and tile maker,Loughbrow 
WilkinMartin,WestCauseway 
*Yellowley Wm.Breckon-hill 

Fire and Life OflBces 

Anchoe, HenryDodd,Fore-st 
Atlas, Isaac Baty, Fore st 
County, FibEj&Peovtdent, 
Life, Joseph Crawford, 
Priestpopple 
General, Fire and Liee, 
John T. Gray, Back-street 
Globe, William Wilson Gib- 
son, Fore-street 



North British, Thomas 

Dunning, Market-place 
Phcenix Fire, and Pelican 

Life, William Cooke, 

agent. Fore-street 
Professional, Life, George 

Bell, Market-place 
EoYAL Farmers, Fire and 

Life, Jno.Taylor,Battle-hl 
Scotland Association,Life, 

Eobt. Pattinson, Fore-st 
Union, John S. Moflfatt, 

Market-place 
United Kingdom, Life, 

Henry Dodd, Fore-street 
Yorkshire, Fire and Life, 

John Taylor, Battle-hill 

Gardeners 
Allen Henry, Holy Island 
Garland James, Haugh-lane 
Garland Margaret, Gilligate 
Hedley Eobert, Bull-bank 
Hunter Thos. Market-place 
Inness James, Quatre Bras 
McHarg Hugh,Market-place 
Murray Geo. Priestpopple 
Pearson John, Market-place 
Porteous George,Tyne-green 
Porteous James and John, 

GilUgate 
Porteous — , Tyne-green 
Eenwick James, Market-st 
Eobson Joseph, Bull-bank 
Scott Jas. HaU Style Cottage 
Shield Wm. Cattle -market 
AVatson Thomas, Battle-hill 

Glass, China, & Earthenware 
Dealers 

ArmstroDg Matth. Market-pl 
Bell Geo. Market-place 
Gibson Wm. Wilson, Fore-st 
Lovett Edwd. Market-street 
Wood Thomas, Bull-bank 

Glove Manufacturers 
Atkin John, Newcastle-road 
Ay don John, Holy Island 
Bell John, Gilligate 
Charlton Edward, Hencotes 
Eidley John & Sons,Gilligate 
Eidley Joseph, Glover-place 

Grocers and Dealers in 

Sundries 

Allen Henry, Holy Island 

Angus William, Market-pl 

Barker Teasdale, Glover-pl 



Barratt Mary and Elizaheth, 

Priestpopple 
Baty Dorothy, Cattle-market 
Baty Thomas, Market-st 
Baty William, & pawnbroker, 

Gilligate 
Bell Nicholas, Priestpopple 
Boyd Hannah, Hencotes 
Carr William, Market-street 
Cats Mary, Market-place 
Dodd James Milburn, Gilli- 
gate 
Dodd Matthew, GilUgate 
Fenwick WiUiam, Priest- 
popple 
Gillies WilUam, Back-street 
Gray Margaret & Ehzabeth, 

Fore-street 
Grey John, Fore-street 
Guthrie Charles, Battle Hill 
Hamilton Benjamin, Gilli- 
gate 
Hopper William, Gilligate 
Hogarth M. A. and H. Fore- 
street 
Hunter Thomas, Market-pl 
Jameson James & Son, BuU 

Bank 
Johnson Thos. Meal Market 
Johnson Wm. Quatre Bras 
Knight Barbara, Market-st 
Lishman Thos. Battle Hill 

and Gilligate 
Makepeace John, Back-st 
Mc Harg Hugh, Market-pl 
Murray John, Bull Bank 
Nesbitt Hannah, Priestpop- 
ple 
Newbegin Thos. Market-pl 
Nichol Thomas, GiUigate 
Parker Teasdale, Glover-pl 
Pattinson George and Son, 

Market-street 
Pattison Edward, Skinner's- 

burn 
Pearson John and Joseph, 

Fore-street 
Potts Jane, Giles-place 
Potts Elizabeth, Priestpop- 
ple 
Purvis Mary, Giles-place 
Eenwick James, Market-st 
Scott Jane, Fore-street 
Scott John, Fore-street 
Smith Barbara, Back-st 
Smith Wm. Cattle-market 
Story Robert, Hencotes 



HEXHAM CLASSIFIED BlREGTGRy. 



843 



Stokoe Elizabeth, Priest- 
popple 
Train Ann, Hallgate 
Turn bull Thomas, Fore-st 
Walton Henry, Market-st 
Walton Jane, Back-street 
Wear Elizabeth, Quatre Bras 
Wear Nathaniel, and baker, 
Battle Hill 



Hairdressers 
Hodgson Michael, Fore-st 
Irom Thomas, Market-st 
Youngtr William. Fore-st 

Hatters 

Marked * are also Manufacturers 
Dixon Jane, Fore-street 
Lyon Eobert, Market-place 



* Dnimwoodie Wm. Fore-st 

ho. Cockshaw 
Mc Kane John, Maiket-pl 
Robinson John, Fore-street 
Eobson Frederick, Fore-st 

* Rogers Parker, HencotPS 

* Rogers Thomas, Hencotes 
Woodman Mary Ann F. Cat- 
tle Market 



Inns, Hotels, and Public Houses 

Beehive, Isabella Totherick, Battle Hill 
Black Bull, Mary Cholcroft, and Posting 

House, Market-place 
Black- a-Moofs Head, George Short, Fore- 
street 
Blue Bell, John Hope, Fore-street 
Board, Ann Thompson, Market-place 
Board, John Gillhespy, Tyne Green 
Board, Richard Robson, Market-place 
Board, William Short, Quatre Bras 
Bush, Martha Armstrong, Hallgate 
Coach and Horses, Thomas Riddell, Priest- 
popple 
Crown, Isabella Wilson, Market-place 
Fox and Hounds, John Bell, Davison's 
,■' Buildings 

George and Dragon, Hannah Whyte, Back- 
street 



Golden Lion, Esther Wilson, Back-row 
Grapes^, Ann Fenwick, Back-street 
Grey Bull, Ann Charlton, Cattle Market 
Masons' Arms, Ann Carr, Market-street 
New Grey Bull, Ralph Conkleton, Priest- 
popple 
Phcenix, Joseph Reed, Back-row 
Railway, Mary Riddell, near the Railway 

Station 
Rohin Hood, Mary Fleming, Old Church 
Skinners' Arms, William Moody, Gilligate 
Sun, Isabella Charlton, Fore-street 
Turk's Head, Mary Atkinson, Market-st 
Tanners' Arms, Richard Mews, Gilligate 
White Hart, John Hawxwell, and Posting 

House, Fore-street 
White Horse, Thomas Armstrong, Market- 
place 



beerhouses 
Benson Christopher, Battle 
" Hill 

Dodd James, Gilligate 
Holmes James, Old Church 
Robson John, Low Gate 
Shipley Sarah, Priestpopple 

Ironmongers & Hardware- 
men 
Hedley Thompson, Market- 
place 
Irwin George, Back-street 
Moffatt John Stevenson, 

Market-place 
Taylor Michael, Market-pl 
Wilson William, Back-street 

Joiners & Cabinet Makers 

Marked * are also Builders 

* Hedley Thomas, Back-st 

* Herdman Edward, Fore-st 

* Moffatt William, Hallgate 

* Nichol Thomas, Gilligate 
Pearson James, Long-yard 
Potts John, Battle Hill 
Snowball John, Hencotes 
Walker James, Gilligate 
Wilkinson Matthew, Back-st 



Linen and "Woollen Manu- 
facturers 
Lyon William, Market-st 
Nicholson and Bell, Giles- 
place 
Ord Margaret, Glover-place 

Marine Store Dealers 
Burn James, Gilligate 
Cooke John, Gilligate 
Lovett Edward, Market-st 
Mc Guire Patrick, Market-st 

Masons and Builders 

Armstrong Jas. Burn Bray 
Barker Teasdale, Glover-pl 
Bulman Thomas, Hencotes 
Davison Francis, Hallgate 
Davison Thomas, Davison's 

Buildings 
Dodd Matthew, Gilligate 
Dodd Eobert, Orchard-place 
Parker Teasdale, Glover-pl 
Surtees William, Gilligate 

Nursery and Seedsmen 
Robson John, Bull Bank 
Eobson Ralph, Bull Bank 
3 F 



Painters and Glaziers 
Carr William, Back-street 
Ellis William, Bull Bank 
Gibson James, Fore-street, 

Back-row 
Hall George, Bull Bank 
Swinbum John, Back-street 

Pipe (Tobacco) Makers 
Hamilton George, Bellman's 

Close 
Henderson Thos. GilJigate, 

and Back -row 

Plumbers and Gasfitters 
Temple Joseph, Bull Bank 
Walker Wylam, Orchard 

House 
Wilson William, Back-row 

Eope & Twine Manufacturers 

Burn Henry, Priestpopple 
Paxton Andrew, Gilligate 

Saddlers & Harness Makers 
Gibson Jolm, Market-place 
Hopper William, Fore-street 
Scott Adam, Cattle Market 



844 



TIKDALE WAED SOtJTH DIVISION. 



Smiths 

Dickinson Thos. Low-gate 
Tewster Joseph, Back-row 
Eoutledge Thomas, Priest- 
popple 
Temple William, Skinner's- 

burn 
Ward Matthew & Son, Skin- 
ner's-burn 



Solicitors 

Baty Isaac, Fore-street ; ho. 
Priestpopple 

Crawford Joseph, Market-st 

Dodd Henry, Fore-st; ho. 
theEiding 

Gibson Jasper Richd. Manor 
Office ; ho. BatUe Hill 

HeadCharles and Son, Meal- 
market 

Kirsopp William, Market-pl ; 
ho. the Leazes 

Pattinson Eobert, Fore-st; 
ho. Market-street 

Euddock John, Battle Hill ; 
ho. Oakerland 

Stokoe John, and clerk to the 
guardians of the Hexham 
union, superintendent re- 
gis trarforHexh am district, 



assistant clerk to the coun- 
ty court of Hexham, clerk 
to Hexham local boai'd of 
health, and commissioner 
for taking the acknowledg- 
ments of deeds by married 
women, Priestpopple 
Taylor John, Battle Hill 

Surgeons 

Jefferson Thos. Orchard-pl 

Nicholson & Maughan, Bat- 
tle Hill 

Pearson William, Priestpop- 
ple 

Stainthofpe Thomas, Battle 
Hill 

Stokoe Eobt. M.E.C.S. Mar- 
ket-street 

Stokoe William, Battle Hill 

Tailors 

Anderson John, Battle Hill 
Armstrong Francis, Back-st 
Baines William, Battle Hill 
Hume jMatthew, Back-st 
Forster Thomas, Fore-st 
Johnson William, Low-gate 
Newcastle Nichls. Back-row 
Ord Richard, G-illigate 
Eenwick Eobert, Gilligate 
Snowball Michael, Hallgate 



Strafford John, Back-row 
AVatson Wm. Skinner's-burn 
Willoughby John, Commer- 
cial-place 

TaUow Chandlers 
Johnson Thos. Meal-market 
Pattison George & Son, Mar- 
ket-street 
Turnbull Thomas, Fore-st 

Tanners 
Ay don John, Holy Island 
Bell Henry, Gilhgate 
Dodd Edward, Gilhgate 
Eidley J. & Sons, Gilligate 
Stobart Smith, Gilligate 

Tin & Ironplate Workers and 
Braziers 

Cooke John, Gilhgate 

Turners in Wood 
Pletts John, Back-street 
Scott John, dish only, Fore- 
street 

Watch & Clock Makers 
Alexander Wilham, Fore-st 
Cooke John, Fore-street 
Hamilton Eobert, Market-pl; 

ho. Glover-place 
Harrison Francis, Fore-st 
Ord Matthew, Fore-street 



Public Institutions, Societies, &c. 

Beitish and Foeeign Bible Society, 
depository. Back-street 

DisPENSAEY, Back street, James Kirsopp, 
Esq. treasurer and secretary. — Surgeons, 
Eobert Stokoe, Thomas Jefferson, and 
Nicholson and Maughan ; William Prud- 
daht dispensing chemist 

Gas Woeks, Gilligate, Thomas Wilthew, 
secretary 

House oe Coeeection, Gilhgate, Alexan- 
der McKay, governor; Eobert Stokoe, 
surgeon 

Inland Eevenue Ofeice, Coach <& Horses, 
Edward Thomas, supervisor 

Manoe Office, Hallgate, Jasper Gibson, 
baiUff 

Mechanics' Institute and Commeecial 
News Eoom, C. B, Smith, librarian 

Moot Hall, Market-place 

Police Station, Back-row, James Angus, 
superintendent 

Post Office, Fore- street, Joseph Wilkin- 
son, postmaster 



SA^^NGS Bank, Priestpopple, open on the 
first Saturday in every month, Joseph 
Crawshaw, actuary 

Stamp Office, Fore-street, Jane Seott^ 
distributor 

Teetotal Society, William Eobb, presi- 
dent ; Henry Walton, secretary ; W. A. 
Temperley, treasurer 

Union WoekhOuse, Peth-Head, Wilham 
England, master; Mary England, matron; 
John Stokoe, clerk; Thomas Stainthorpe, 
surgeon; Joseph Coates, schoolmaster; 
Mary Ann Seymour, schoolmistFess 

Conveyances 

Newcastle & Caelisle Eailway Station, 
about a quarter of a mUe from the centre 
of the town, Thomas Dixon, miaster. 
Omnibuses await the arrival of the trains 

Coach. — To Be/Iingfiavi, the Mail leaves 
the Coach & Horses every afternoon at 
8-4U, Sunday excepted 



HEXHAM PABISH. 



845 



Carriers to the following Places 

Allendale, Geo. Forster, from Temperance 

Hotel, on Tuesday 
Allendale Town, John Shield, from the 

New Grey Bull, Tuesday and Thursday 
Bellingham, George Hedley, from the 

Golden Lion, Monday 
Birtley, Thomas Stokoe, from the Bush, 

Friday 
Blanchland, Joseph and Thomas Oliver, 

from the George and Dragon, and Thos. 

Eobson, from the Golden Lion, Tuesday 
Colwell, Thomas Taylor, from the Bush, 

on Tuesday 
Gunnerton, Edward Slater, from Battle- 
hill, Monday, Wednesday and Saturday 
Hay don Bridge, Thomas Wilkinson, from 

the Coach and Horses, Tuesday 



Newcastle, John Morpeth, from the New 
Grey Bull, Tuesday, Thursday, & Satur- 
day; and Edward Watson, from the 
Phoenix, Friday 

Reedsdale, John Dodd, from the Phoenix, 
Tuesday 

Stanhope, William Snowdon, from the Sun, 
Tuesday 

Wark, John Dodd, from the Golden Lion, 

■ Monday, Thursday, and Saturday, and 
Gilbert Dodd, on Tuesday and Friday 

West Allendale, William Hodgson, from 
the Coach and Horses, Tuesday 

Whittington, J. Little, from the Bush, and 
Edward Watson, from the Phoenix, on 
Tuesday 



High Quarter is a township, extending from six miles south by west of 
Hexham, to the confines of the county of Durham. It comprises an area of 
8,773 acres, audits population in 1801, was 268; in 1811,303; in 1821, 
279; in 1831, 273 ; in 1841, 206;- and in 1851, 243 souls. It is chiefly 
the property of the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital ; W. B. Beaumont, 
Esq., is lord of the manor. The land is principally held on freehold and 
copyhold tenures. This is a wild mountainous district, containing a number 
of scattered houses, the hamlet ofLillswood, and the lead mines at Harewood 
Shield. Eateable value, £1,374. 

LiLLSwooD, a hamlet in this township, is situated six and a half miles 
south by west of Hexham. 



Andefsoii Jahies, vict. and farmer, Sports- 
man, LiUswood. 
Bell Kohert, gentleman. Park 
Bolam Mr. John, Hesley Well 
Dinning John, shopkeeper, LiUswood 
Dixon Mr. Edward, Arthley Mills 

Farmers 

Charlton James, Stobby Lee 
Charlton William, yeoman 
Davidson George, High LiUswood 
EUiott Michael, Grouse House 



Little Eohert, Harewood Shield 
Maughan Thomas, Cocker Shield 
Pigg Thomas, Eowley Head & Garshield 
Pigg Thomas, Turf House 
Eobson Matthew L. Merridge 
Eobson William, Stocksfold 
Scott Thomas, Hesley Well 
Thompson John, White Hall 
Thompson Matthew, Park House 
White Matthew, West Burn Hope 
Winter John, White Hall 



Low Quarter towriship is principally the property of John Atkinson, Esq., 
and W. B. Beaumont, Esq., the latter is lord of the manor. It extends 
from two to four and a half miles south of Hexham, and contains the hamlets 
of Dotland, Lee, Linnels, Ordley, and Steel. The area of the township is 
3,608 acres, its rateable value £2,362, and the number of its inhabitants in 
1801, was 404 ; in 1811,428; in 1821, 446; in 1831, 544 ; in 1841, 479; 
and in ISSl, 488 souls. Dotland is a small village in this township, three 
miles south by west ot Hexham, and is said to have teen form'erly a town. 



846 



TINDALE WARD — SOUTH DIVISION. 



Here are the remains of an ancient house, with Gothic buildings curiously 
carved. Lee is a hamlet with three farms in Low Quarter township, two 
and a half miles south of Hexham. Ltnnels, another hamlet in this town- 
ship, is situated two miles S.S.W.of Hexham. Here the Lancastrians encamped 
prior to the battle of Hexham Levels, and the cave in which the heroic Margaret 
of Anjou and her son were concealed by the robber, is still shown in the 
vicinity of the bridge. In this neighbourhood the banks of the Devil-water 
are thickly clothed with wood, and have a most romantic appearance. Oedley 
is a hamlet in the above-named township, three miles south of Hexham. 
Steel is another hamlet, four miles south of Hexham. 

Anderson William, builder, Middle Juniper 
Atkinson John, Esq. Newbiggin 
Charlton John, cartwright, Juniper 
Gibson Robert, shoemaker, Dipton 
Kirk John, gamekeeper, Newbiggin Hill 
Pearson George, blacksmith, Ordley 
Simpson Thomas, miller. Black Hall 
Sisson Rev. William, Juniper 
Thirlwell Thomas, vict. Dipton Mill 
Trotter John, corn miller, Linnel Mill 
Wilkinson Joseph, miller and farmer, Fine 
Chambers Mill 



Wigham Wm. blacksmith and farrier, Lee 

Farmers 
Carr George, Dotland Park 
Dodd Michael, yeoman, Black HaU 
Forster John, Nicholas Hall 
Lamb John, Lee Grange 
Oliver George, Dotland 
Sisterson William, Newbiggin Hill 
Stokoe William, Houghtly 
Thornburn Ann, Foggat 



Middle Quaeter is a township, extending from three to six miles 
south by west of Hexham. It is principally the property of the Com- 
missioners of Greenwich Hospital, and W. B. Beaumont Esq. is the possessor 
of the manorial rights and privileges. The township comprises an area of 
5,700 acres, audits rateable value is £1,947 5s. Population in 1801, 345 ; 
in 1811, 339; in 1821, 352; in 1831, 311; in 1841, 251; and in 1851, 
313 souls. It comprises the hamlets of Dalton, Mollersteads, Eaw Green, 
and Whitley. This last possesses a Chapel of Ease, dedicated to St. Helen. 
It is a neat stone stiTicture, occupying a pleasant situation on the west bank 
of the Devil-water, about four and a half miles south by west of Hexham. 
The living, w^hich is a curacy under the church of Hexham, has been three 
times augmented under Queen Anne's bounty, and is now worth about £1 10 
per annum. Patron, the Rev. Michael Sisson ; incumbent, the Rev. William 
Sisson. The National School is a neat stone building, erected by subscription, 
in 1849, and has an endowment of £4 10s. per annum, bequeathed by the 
late Rev. Abraham Brown, in 1812, for which five poor children receive a 
gratuitous education. The same gentleman also left £4 10s. yearly to 
the poor of this chapelry. 

Dalton is a hamlet in this township, four miles south by west of Hexham. 
Mollersteads, also a hamlet in the above township, is situated four miles 
south by west of Hexham. Raw Green, another hamlet in the same town- 
ship, is six miles south by west of Hexham, 

Graham Mary, -vict. Fox and HoundSf 

Woodside 
Milbum James, blacksmith, Dalton 



Bell Jane, vict. Three Tuns, Dalton 
BeU Robert, com miller, Whitley Mill 
Charlton John, cartwright, Dalton 
Dodd George, butcher, Moss House 



Milbum John, boot and shoemaker, Dalton 



St. JOHN tEE PARISH. 



847 



Robinson John, cart wiiglit and shopkeeper, 

Raw Green 
Stokoe John, blacksmith, Stables 
Stokoe William, blacksmith, Raw Green 
Teasdale John, roiller, Dukefield 

Farmers 
Adamson Thomas, yeoman, Spital Shields 
Angus William, Raw Green 
Bell John, Aydon Shields 



Bell John, Barker House 

Craig Wilson, Upper Ardley 

Dodd William, Hamburn Hall 

Errington John, Dalton 

Smith John, Low E shells 

Smith Richard, High Eshells 

Stobbs Simon, and yeoman, The Holmes 

Todd Joseph, Raw Green 

Young William, Nether Ardley 



West Quarter township, the property of the Commissioners of Green- 
wich Hospital, extends from one to four miles west of Hexham, and con- 
tains, besides a number of scattered houses, the hamlets of Greenshaw-Plain, 
Nubbock, West Boat, and Summer Rods. It comprises an area of 5,117 
acres, audits rateable value is £3,016 12s. The population in 1801, \vas 
121; in 1811, 267; in 1821, 243; in 1831, 248; in 1841, 311; and in 
1851, 262 souls. Bagraw School was erected bj subscription, in 1830, at an 
expense of £130, and is endowed with £9 per annum, by the Commissioners 
of Greenwich Hospital, for which nine poor children are educated at half 
the fees paid by the other pupils. 

Nubbock, a hamlet in this township, is situated four miles south-west of 
Hexham. Summer Rods is another hamlet in the same township, two miles 
west by south of Hexham. West Boat is also a hamlet in the above-named 
township, situated near the junction of the North and South Tyne, one mile 
and three-quarters north-west of Hexham. The South Tyne is here crossed 
by a fine suspension bridge of 310 feet span, which w^as erected in 1826, at a 
cost of £5,000. 

Farmers 
Charlton William, East Nubbock 
Coulson Thomas 
Ellery Thomas, Highside 
Grey Thomas, Longhope and Bagraw 
Johnson Thomas & AnthonyWestNubbock 
Pearson John, Raise 
Pratt Joseph & Edward, Westwood Farm 
Todd William, Highwood 



Gibson George, vict. and spirit merchant, 

West Boat 
Forster Thomas, cartwright, Edruridge 
Kirsopp James, Esq. magistrate, TheSpital 
Stokoe Margaret, blacksmith, West Boat 
Tweeddle John, vict. Greenshaw Plain 
Bagraw School, Geo. Wm. Dixon, teacher 



ST. JOHN LEE PARISH. 

St. John Lee is a parish, comprising the townships of Acomb (West), 
Anick, Anick Grange, Bingfield, Cocklaw, Fallowfield, Hallingtou, Port- 
gate, Sandhoe, and Wall. It is bounded by the parishes of Thockrington, 
Chollerton, Simonburn, Warden, Hexham, Stamfordham, and Corbridge, and 
forms part of the liberty of Hexham shire. It is about seven miles in length, by four 
in breadth, and comprises an area of 15,090 acres. Population in 1801, 1,802 ; 
in 1811, 1,910; in 1821, 1,952; in 1831, 1,962; in 1811, 1,917; and in 
1851, 2,073 souls. The soil of this parish is very rich, and the surface both 
varied and beautiful. Coal and lead are found in large quantities, and the 



848 



TIKDALE WARD SOUTH DIVISION. 



district is well watered by the northern branch of the Tyne, and intersected 
by the Newcastle and Carlisle Kailway. 

AcoMB (West) is a township and large straggling village, the property of 
Thomas Butler, Esq., of Brunton, Simon Mewburn, Esq., of Acomb, Eow- 
land Errington, Esq., of Sandhoe, and Thomas Dodd, Esq., of Biding. The 
township contains 2,745 acres of land, and its rateable value is £3,618. The 
number of inhabitants in 1801, was 532 ; in 1811, 529 ; in 1821, 538; in 
1831, 623; in 1841, 671; and in 1851, 636 souls. This manor was formerly 
the property of the priors of Hexham, and a favourite retreat of St. John 
of Beverley. On the dissolution of the priory it became Crown property, 
and we find it, in 1724, possessed by the Coatsworth family, from whom it passed 
in 1754, to James Jurin, Esq., who died in 1762. It was for many years the 
seat and property of John Hunter, but is now possessed by the gentlemen above- 
mentioned. St. John Lee Chuech is situated on a bold and woody headland, 
on the north side of the Tyne, in this township, one mile north of Hexham. 
It is a small but ancient structure, dedicated to St. John, of Beverley, 
and though it has been many times repaired, still it has no pretensions to 
architectural elegance. The living, a perpetual curacy, with the curacies of 
St. Mary's and St. Oswald's, in the archdeaconry of Northumberland and 
deanery of Hexham, is valued in the Liber Regis at £Q 13s. 4d. ; gross in- 
come £30 J. Patron, T. W. Beaumont, Esq. ; incumbent, the Rev. Charles 
Lee, M.A. The parish register commences in 1664. The Village of West 
Acomb is situated on the southern declivity of an eminence one mile and 
three quarters north of Hexham. Here is a school, which is supported by 
subscriptions, aided by a grant from the Committee of Council on Education. 
Mr. William Green, teacher. In the-neighbourhood of the village is a good 
cornmill, worked by Mr. Lewis Hetherington. 

Charities. — Ursula Mountney, in 1680, left a rent charge of £2 10s. per 
annum, to the poor of this parish ; and Robert Andrews, in 1764, bequeathed a 
rent charge of £1 10s. jes^rlj, to the poor not receiving relief, or such as should 
be in sickness in particular parts of the parish. M. Vernol, in 1771, left 
a rent charge amounting to £10 per annum, for St. John Lee Parish 
School. 

Post Office, Acomb, Bobert Kobson, postmaster. Letters are received here and des" 
patched to Hexham, at 5 p.m. 

Hemsley William, registrar of births and 
deaths, and relie%ing officer for Gholler- 
ton district 
Leonard William, cartwright 
Mewburn Simon, Esq. 
Ridley Mr. Richard 
Stobart Smith, coalowner 
Temperley Ehzabeth, beerhouse 



Acomb Collieey, Smith, Stobart, and Go. 

owners 
Allsopp Edward, beerhouse 
Dodd Thomas, Esq., Riding 
Errington George, blacksmith 
Einlay Robert, vict. Royal Anns Inn 
Henderson George, agent 
Kilvington Wm. police constable 



Academies and Schools 
Dale Mary 

Green Wm. Acomb School 
Eewcastle Elizabeth 



I Boot and Shoemakers 

Dunn James 
j Rutherford John 
I Smith Edward 



Corn Miller 

Hetherington Lewis, Acomb 
Mill 



ST. JOHN LEE PARISH. 



849 



Farmers 

BeUEobert,NewKifft 
Bulman Jacob, West Oak 

Wood 
Can- Thomas 

Chatt Joseph, Salmon's Well 
Cook W^m. and auctioneer, 

Old Bridge End 
Green Kichard, East Oak 

Wood 
Heslop Charles, Garden 

House 



Hutchinson Joseph, Acomb 

High Barns 
Jewett Head 
Ridley Eichard 
Todd Wilhara, Riding 
Watson Jane, Broom Park 
Weddle John,HalfwayHouse 

Joiners 

Hedley John 

Robson Robertj, and cabinet 
maker 



Shopkeepers 

Armstrong Dorothy 
Little John 
Herasley Jane 
Hutchinson William 
Rutherford Thomas 
Stokue Carrick 

Tailors 

Fergusson Matthew 
Hutchinson John 



Careiee.— John Little, to Newcastle on Saturdays, and Hexham on Tuesdays. 

Anick is a towDship and village, comprising 451 acres, the property of 
several owners, and its rateable value is £1,045. The population in 1801, was 
161; in 1811, 169; in 1821, 166; in 1831, 168; in 1841, 146; and in 
1851, 148 souls. At Hexham Bridge End, a hamlet in this township, there is an 
extensive brewery, for w^hich Mr. Thomas Loraine is agent. The Village 
of xlnick is pleasantly situated one mile and a half E.N.E. of Hexham. 

Loraine Thomas, agent, Hexham Bridge 
End Brewery 

Farmers 

Armstrong John, Hexham Bridge End 
Crawford John and Thomas 
Forster Joseph 
Green Richard 
Pringle William 
Robson John 



Ainsley John, gamekeeper 

Bain Rev. J. F. curate 

Bell Wilson, blacksmith, Hexham Bridge 

End 
Dolman Mr. William 
Elstob, Donkin, & Co., brewers, Hexham 

Bridge End 
Forster John, shoemaker 
Forster Thomas, stonemason 
WUson Matthew, beerhouse keeper 

AxicK Grakge township is situated one mile and a half east by north 
of Hexham, and its area, including that of Fallowfield, and Hallington town- 
ships, amounts to 2,220 acres. The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 
30; in 1811, 35; m 1821, 43; in 1831, 26; in 1841, 40; and in 1851, 
40 souls. The rateable value is £700. It is the property of W. B. Beau- 
mont, Esq., and is occupied by Mr. William Brown. 

Bingfield is a chapelry, township, and hamlet, the property of William 
H. Clarke, Esq., and others. The township comprises an area of 2,047 acres, 
and its rateable value is £1,814. Population in 1801, 91 ; in 1811, 109; 
in 1821, 111; in 1831, 98; in 1841, 111; and in 1851, 125 souls. 
There is a mineral spring in this township, in wliich it is said neither 
fish nor w^orms can exist. At Erring Bridge, in this township, there 
is a day school with an endowment of £10 per annum, for which ten 
poor children are instructed without payment. Thomas Stokoe, teacher. 
The Hamlet of Bingfield is situated on an eminence six and a half miles 
N.N.E. of Hexham. Here is a Chapel of Ease under the parish church of 
St. John Lee, with which the living is united. It is dedicated to St. Mary. 
. Directory. — Thomas Carr, shopkeeper ; Thomas Hall, tile layer ; Thomas 
Stokoe, schoolmaster, Erring Bridge End ; and the farmers are 



850 



TINDALE WAflD — SOUTH DIVISION. 



William Coulsoii, Grindstone Law ; William Potts, Eobert Robson, John 
Robson, Toddridge ; Thomas Scott, and George Stevenson. 

CocKLAW is a township and village in this parish, the property of Row- 
land Errington, Esq., of Sandhoe. The township contains 3,666 acres, and 
its rateable value is £3,246. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 183 ; 
in 18]1, 197; in 1821, 199; in 1831, 188; in 1841, 172; and in 1851, 
183 souls. The Village of Cocklaw is five and a half miles north of Hex- 
ham, and contains considerable remains of Cocklaw Tovrer, the principal seat 
of the Erringtous, from 1372 to 1567. Errington is a hamlet in this town- 
ship, five miles north bj east of Hexham. 

Marshall William, innkeeper, and agricul- 
tural implement maker, Three Horse 
Shoes Inn, Errington 

Saint Jobn and Josepli Pearson, dyers, &c. 
Cocklaw Factory 



Tarmers 
Armstrong Alexander, Errington 



Bates George, Groatington 
Charlton John, St. Oswald's Hill Head 
Ord Thomas, Bew Clay 
Piidley Matthew, Keepwick 
Eowell J. 

Wilkinson Ellen, Errington Hill Head 

Wilkinson Joseph, sen.. East Cocklaw 

^Wilkinson Joseph, jun., West Cocklaw 



Fallowfield is a towuship and hamlet, consisting of one farm, in the occu- 
pation of Robert and Mark Benson, and the property of Sir Edward Blackett, 
Bart., of Matfen. The rateable value is £820, and the population in 1801, 
was 94; in 1811,—; in 1821, 93; in 1831, 70; in 1841, 74; and in 1851, 
50 souls. At a short distance south of the Roman Wall, in this township, is 
a long range of rocks, one of w^hich, called Written Cragg, has inscribed upon 
it in deep and legible characters, " Petra Flavi Carantini" — the Crag of 
Flavius Carantinus. This inscription was first noticed in the Archoeologia 
^liana, but no historical inference can be dra^vn from it. The Hamlet of 
Fallowfield, situated three and a half miles north by west of Hexham, consists 
of a small cluster of cottages inhabited by the workpeople employed in the 
coal and lead mines in this township. The principal inhabitants are 
Robert and Mark Benson, farmers. 

Hallington is a township and hamlet, the property of Rowland Errington, 
Esq., of Sandhoe, and J. Atldnson, Esq., of Newbiggin. The area of the 
township is returned with that of Anick Grange, and its rateable value is £1,208. 
Population in 1801, 128; in 1811, 144; in 1821, 129; in 1831, 120; in 
1841, 105 ; and in 1851, 106. This w^as formerly a manor belonging to the 
priors of Hexham. Here is an eminence, called the Mote Law, having a 
square entrenchment upon it, where fires were kindled to alarm the country, 
in time of war or invasion. 



Davison Ealph, butcher 
Dobson Edward, schoolmaster 
Hall Alexander, shopkeeper 
Leadbitter Thomas, shoemaker 
Marshall Bennett, boot and shoemaker, and 

shopkeeper 
Marshall Henry, beerhouse and shopkeeper 
Marshall John P. corn miller and farmer 
Potts iMatthew, blacksmith 



Carriee. — George Hardwick, to Newcastle, on Saturdays 



Eobson William, tailor 
Stappard Christopher, shopkeeper 

Farmers 
Baty Mary, Halhngton North Farm 
Dobson Joseph, Hallington South Farm 
Dobson Thomas, Hallington New Houses 
Lamb John, Cheviot 
Ward Tom, Hallington High Farm 



ST. JOHN LEE PARISH. 



851 



PoRTCxATE to\viisliip IS situated three and a half miles north by west of 
Corbridge, and contains 690 acres of land, the rateable value of which is £585. 
The number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 29 ; in 1811, 29 ; in 1821, 33 ; 
in 183], 29; in 1841, 18; and in 1851, 32 souls. Rowland Errington, 
Esq. is lord of the manor and owner of the soil. This township is said to 
derive its name from affording a passage through the great Roman Wall, near 
'to where the Devil's Causeway branches from the Watling-street. The site of 
the wall and fosse has, at this place, been levelled and cultivated. Here is 
a coal mine, the shaft of which was sunk in 1849. It is worked by 
Mr. Thomas Hall, who is now (1854), sinking another shaft in this township. 
This mine produces coals of excellent quality. The principal resident is 
Charlton Todd, farmer, Portgate House. 

Sandhoe is a township and pleasant village, the property of Rowland 
Errington, Esq., William Cuthbert, Esq., Mrs. Crawhall, and others. The 
township contains 1,648 acres, and its rateable value is £1,922. The popu- 
lation in 1801, was 198; in 1811, 199; in 1821, 180 ; in 1831, 240; in 
1841, 273 ; and in 1851, 280 souls. The Village of Sandhoe is two miles 
north-west of Corbridge Beaufront, a little to the south-west of the village, 
is the seat of William Cuthbert, Esq., J. P. It is a magnificent mansion, and 
when viewed either from Hexham or Corbridge, has a noble appearance, 
having long and elegant fronts surmounted by figures representing the various 
heathen deities. The lawn, plantations, and gardens are very extensive, and 
are said to have cost, in improvements alone, upwards of £20,000. This estate 
was anciently possessed by the Carnabies, from whom it passed to the Erring- 
tons, coming ultimately to the present proprietor. Sandhoe House, the 
seat of Rowland Errington, Esq., J, P., and Stagshawe House, the residence 
of Mrs. Mary Crawhall, are also very elegant structures. Stagshawe Bank is 
partly in this township, and partly in that of Corbridge. On this extensive 
common fairs are held twice a year, the first for the sale of horses, horned 
cattle, &c., takes place on the Saturday preceding Whitsunday. The second, 
which is a pleasure fair, takes place on the 3rd and 4th of July. There are 
also two " Wiste" fairs held on the 5th of August and the 24th of October, — 
the first for the sale of lambs, and the last for the sale of ewes. At one ex- 
tremity of Stagshawe Bank, at a place called the Fences, near Halton Castle, 
are the kennels of the Tindale Hounds, the property of the leading sporting 
gentlemen of the county. Major Bell is master, and William Nevard hunts- 
man. WooDHEAD is a hamlet on the Beaufront estate, two miles north-east 
by east of Hexham. 



Crawhall Mrs. Mary, Stagshawe House 
Cuthbert Wm. Esq., J.P., Beaufront House 
Errington Kowland, Esq. J.P., Sandhoe 

House 
Donkin Miss Mary 
Eorster John, shoemaker 
Forster John P. shopkeeper 
Goodrick William, land agent 
Hindmarsh Robert, gardener 



3 F 2 



Snowball John, builder 
Wilson Robert, shoemaker 

Farmers 
Herdman Elizabeth, Stagshawe Bank 
Leadbitter William 
Rowell Robert, Black Hill 
Stephenson John, Beaufront Red House 
Tweddle Elijah, HoUin Hall 



85S 



TINDALi; WAIlp---§QUTH DIVISION. 



Wall is a township and pleasant village, the property of Thoraas Butler, 
Esq., and the Messrs. Clayton of Chesters Hall. The township comprises 
an area of 1,623 acres, and its rateable value is £9,161. The population in 
1801, was 356; in 1811, — ; in 1821, 465; in 1831, 495 ; in 1841, 437; 
and in 1851, 474 souls. W. B. Beaumont, Esq., is lord of the manor. Here 
is an excellent freestone quarry, the products of which are in gi'eat request 
for building and other purposes. It is worked by Mr. Thomas Hall. The 
Village of Wall is situated on the Alnwick-road, about four miles north by 
west of Hexham. In its vicinity stands a Chapel of Ease, dedicated to St. 
Oswald, who, when about to attack the Britons, under their perfidious king, 
Ceadwalla, ordered a cross of wood to be formed, and fixed on the site now 
occupied by the sacred edifice, when, turning to his arm 5% he exclaimed, 
'' Soldiers, let us bend our knees, and beg of the true and living God to pro- 
tect us from the insolence and ferocity of our enemies, for he knows that our 
cause is just, and that we fight for the salvation of our country." At his 
command they knelt down to pray, from prayer they rose to battle, and victory 
was the reward of their piety and valour. Ceadwalla was slain, and his in- 
vincible army was annihilated. In memory of this event the monks of Hex- 
ham raised a chapel upon the si^ot which the cross had occupied. Many 
relics of antiquity have been found, at different periods, in this neighboux'- 
hood. 



Post Office, Wall. — Thomas Scott, postmaster. Letters arrive from Gunnerton, at 
8-30 a.m., and from Hexham at 3-30 p.m. ; they are despatched to Hexham at 9-30 a.m., 
and to Gunnerton at 3-30 p.m. 



Charlton Eohert, nm^serj^ and seedsman 

Elliot M. tailor and draper 

Elliot Eobert, schoolmaster 

Eisher .John, agent 

Eisher Eobert, land steward 

Hall Thomas, coal owner & farmer, Wall 

Fell, or Castle House 
Herdman Cuthbert, cartwiight 
Herdman Catharine, schoolmistress 
Hill Edward, butcher 
Hill John, coal owner 
KeU Edward, Esq., Codlaw Hill 



Laing Edward, tailor 

Lee Eev. Charles, M.A. vicar, Brunton 

House 
Proudlock John, joiner & cabinet maker 
Eobson Thomas, jobber 
Eowell Thoraas, corn miller 
Eutherford John, joiner and cartwright 
Eutherford Joseph, stonequarry manager 
Stobbart Thomas, tailor 
Urwin Eichard, blacksmith 
Wilkinson Edward, blacksmith 



Boot and Shoemakers 

Heslop George 
Sewell WilHam 
Wilson Thomas 

Farmers 
Armstrong James, Codlaw 

HUl 
Burn Joseph, Green Field 
Davison John, Codlaw Dean 
Johnson Anthony & William, 

Plane Trees 



Jameson Eobert, Wall Fell 
Johnson John, Wall Fell 
Johnson John, Wall West 

Farm 
Shanks Ealph, and corn mil- 
ler. Low Brunton 
Walker William, West Dun- 
kirk 
Wilson Henry, Dunkirk 
Woodman John, Wall Town 
Farm 



Shopkeepers 

Ay son Mary 
Errington Eobert 
Herdman James 
Hill Isabella 
Scott Michael 
Tailford John 

Taverns 
Bay Horse, John Wilkinson 
Smiths' Arms, John Eowell 



BELLINGHAM PARISH. 853 

TINDALE WARD.— NORTH WEST DIVISION. 



BELLINaHAM PARISH. 

Bellingham parish is composed chiefly of moors and sheepwalks, and was 
formerly a chapelry to the extensive parish of Simonhurn, which was divided 
into six parishes by an act of the 51st of George III., cap. 194. It comprises 
the townships of Bellingham, East Charlton, West Charlton, Leemailing, 
Nook, and Tarrethm-n, whose united area is 20,211 acres. The population 
in 1801, was 1,079; in 1811, 1,232; in 1821, 1,396; in 1831, 1,460; in 
1811, 1,730 ; and in 1851, 1,594 souls. In this parish there is an extensive 
moor, called Hareshaw Common, containing above 7,000 acres, and abound- 
ing with various kinds of game. The soil, both in the valleys and on the 
hill side, is very fertile, being a strong red gravel, producing abundance of 
corn and turnips. Coal, ironstone, and limestone are found in large quanti- 
ties in this district. The common above-mentioned is now crossed by three 
new roads which were made in 1854. One of these roads leads from Belling- 
ham to Woodburn, another from Bellingham to Troughend, and the third 
from Greenhaugh to High Green. The Hareshaw Ironworks, in this parish, 
were established in 1840, by Messrs. Campion, Batson, and Co., but in 1846, 
they became the property of the Union Banking Company of Newcastle, in 
whose possession they still remain, though they have not been working 
since 1848. These works contain three furnaces with which are connected 
an engine of 1 2Q horse power, and a w^ater wheel of seventy horse power, to 
furnish a blast for smelting the ironstone. There are also about seventy coke 
ovens for the preparation of coke for the furnaces. The ironstone bed from 
which this estabhshment is supplied is thirty feet thick, and contains twenty- 
two layers of " kidney stone," which produces about thirty-seven and a half 
per cent of iron. A raihvay connects these works with the collieries in the 
neighbourhood, and four engines are employed in drawing the coal and iron- 
stone to the w^orks. There is also a large reservoir covering an area of fifty 
acres, in which water is collected for the purpose of driving the water-wheel. 
It is expected that these works will shortly recommence, as a railway is about 
to be constructed, which will pass in their immediate vicinity. There are 
tile works carried on in this parish by Mr. George Dixon. 

THE TOWN OF BELLINGHAM. 

BELLiKGHAJki is a townshjp and small market town, in the parish of the 
same name ; the Duke of Northumberland is lord of the manor. The town- 
ship comprises an area of 515 acres, and its rateable value is £1,309 13s. 
The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 337; in 1811, 346 ; in 1821, 404 ; 
in 1831, 464; in 1841, 672; and in 1851, 770 souls. Two parts of the 
manor of Bellingham belonged to the Archbishop of York, in the reigu of 



854 TINDALE WAUD NOETH-WEST DIVISION. 

Henry V. Tradition informs us that the town ancdently belonged to the 
barons, or lords, of Bellingham, who had a seat or castle here, on the eminence 
which still bears the name of Hallfield. The whole parish, together with the 
other estates of the Earl of Derwentwater, on the attainder of that nobleman, 
■were given to the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital. A good stone 
bridge was constructed over the Hareshaw Burn at the east end of the town 
of Bellingham, in J 826, and a second one was erected by subscription over 
the North Tyne, in the vicinity of the town, in 1835. This latter bridge is of 
considerable magnitude, being composed of foar fifty-feet segmental arches of 
graceful rise, and forms an interesting feature in the beautiful scenery on the 
banks of the north Tyne, and while it is an ornament to the county, is of 
the greatest advantage to the district, where, previous to its erection, great 
inconvenience was long experienced, and many lives lost from the want of 
such an accommodation. 

The Tow^n of Bellingham is situated on the north bank of the North Tyne, 
about sixteen miles N.N.W of Hexham, and thirty miles W.N.W. of New- 
castle. Saturday is the market day. 

The Church dedicated to St. Cuthbert, is a very ancient stone structure, 
pleasantly situated on the banks of the north Tyne. It has lately undergone 
considerable repairs, and very great improvements have been made through 
the unwearied exertions of the present incumbent. A new porch and vestry 
have been built, the old gallery at the west end has been pulled down, and 
in the vacant space thus gained new seats have been constructed, at an ex- 
pense of £70, which has been defrayed by private subscriptions. The living, 
a rectory not in charge, in the archdeaconry of Northumberland and deanery 
of Bellingham, is in the patronage of the Commissioners of Greenwich Hos- 
pital, and incumbency of the Rev. G. Bellamy, M.A. The parish register 
commences in ] 684. The Rectory, a neat stone edifice, was erected in 
1828, by the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital. The tithes are com- 
muted for £204. 

The United Presbyterian Church was erected by subscription in 1803. 
at a cost of £400, and is a substantial stone edifice, possessing sufficient 
accommodation for 400 persons. Attached to the church is a neat Manse, 
the residence of the minister, the Rev. John Young. 

Reed's Charity School was founded in the year 1 730, by Miss Isabella 
Reed, vvho left the sum of £200, with which the trustees of the charity were 
to purchase land, whose rent was to be devoted to the gratuitous education of 
fifty poor children, in reading, writing, arithmetic, and the Church of England 
catechism. Her brother subsequently gave the school-house and the master's 
residence, which were situated on the western side of the church, but in 1851, 
the old buildings were pulled down, and suitable buildings were erected at a 
cost of £305, which was obtained by private donations, and a grant from the 
Committee of Council on Education. The school is open to children of every 
denomination. The rector and churchwardens are the sole trustees, and by 
the division and enclosure of Hareshaw Common, will shortly acquire ten 
or fifteen acres of land, on which it is purposed to expend the original 



BELLIN6HAM PAEISH. 



855 



endowment of £200, and so be enabled to extend the chanty to the educa- 
tion of the fifty children, as prescribed by the will of the foundress. At 
present only ten children are taught free, although the average attendance 
is eighty-six scholars. 

The Mechanics' Institution was established in June 1846, and its library 
contains 554 volumes on the arts, sciences, and general literature. Mr. 
George TurnbuU, secretary. 

A fair for the hiring of servants, and for the sale of cattle, sheep, and 
v>'oollen cloth is held here, on the Wednesday before Good Friday, and the 
Satui'day after the 1 5th September, and statute fairs are held on the 12th 
May, and 12th November. 

The County Court, for the recovery of debts under £50, is held here 
monthly. James Losh, Esq., judge ; Henry Ingledew, Esq., clerk ; Henry 
Allen, assistant clerk, and Robert Riddle, bailiff. 

The Belltngham Poor Law Union comprehends thirty-seven parishes 
and townships, including an area of 235,861 statute acres, and a population, 
in 1851, of 6,553 souls. The parishes and townships are Bavington (Great), 
Bavington (Little), Bellingham, Birtley, Carry Coats, Catcherside, Charlton 
(East Quarter), Charlton (West Quarter), Chirdon, Coldwell, Corsenside, 
Crookdon, Fawns, Harle (Little), Harle (West), Hawick, Kirkharle, Kirk- 
whelpington, Leemailing, Nook, Otterburn Ward, Plawshets and Tynehead, 
Rarashope, Rochester Vv^ard, Shitlington (High Quarter), Shitlington (Low 
Quarter), Smalesmouth, Sweethope, Tarretburn, Tarset (West), Thockring- 
ton, Thorneyburn, Troughend Ward, Wark, Warksburn, Wellhaugh, and 
Whelpington (West). 

The Bellingham Union Workhouse was erected in 1839, at an expense 
of £700. It is a substantial stone edifice, possessing accommodation for 
about sixty persons, though the number of inmates at present (1854) only 
amounts to twenty-four. James Aynsley, governor ; Dorothy Ay nsley, matron; 
John Elliott, surgeon ; and R. B. Hall, clerk. James Aynsley and WiUiam 
Kell, relieving officers. 

Post Office, Bellingham, Michael Shipley, postmaster. Letters arrive here from 
Hexham, at 5-30 p.m., and are despatched thereto at 7 a.m. Money Orders are granted 
here. 



Armstrong WilHam, road contractor, Snug- 

gy Gate 
Bellamy Kev. George, M.A. Rectory 
Cm'ry Thomas, manager 
Murray William, watchmaker 
Eeed's Chaeity School 
Eenwick Francis, manager 

Blacksmiths 
Bum Eobert 
Hixon Joseph 

Boot and Shoemakers 
Anderson Thomas 
Humble Thomas 
Potts James 



Ridley Thomas, road contractor, Snuggy 

Gate 
Smith Edward, saddler, &c. 
Telford Robert, police constable for the 

Bellingham division 
Young Rev. John, Manse 



Shipley Michael 
Smith Christopher 
Turnbull James 
Turnbull John, and clog 
Turnbull William, and clog 

Butcher 
Pearson William John 



Coopers 

Johnson John 
Johnson John, jun 

Farmers 
Bell John, Bellingham De- 
mesne 
Breckons Robert 



866 



TINDALU WAED KOETH-WEST DIVISION. 



Pearson William John 

Grocers and Dealers in Sun- 
dries 

Bell Robert 



English William 

Hall Elizabeth 

Lome Sarah 

Eichardson A. and painter 

Eobson Robert 



Smith Walter 
Stephenson John 
Turnbull George 
Wilson John 
Young Michael 



Hotels and Inns 

Black Bull, Margaret Gibson 
■Fox and Hounds, William Turnbull 



Furnace, Robert Breckons, and Posting 

House 
Piose and Grown, Thomas Philipson 



Masons and Builders 

Bell John and James 
Lawson Wilham and James, 
Haining Ridge 

Surgeon 

Elliott John 



Tailors and Drapers 

Eobson Robert 

Waugh John Rutherford 

Wilson John 

Tile Manufacturers 
Dixon George 
Francis Ren wick, manager 



Beerhouses 

Ridley James 
Scott Simeon 

Joiner and Cabinet Maker 

Turnbull George, & builder 

Conveyance. — Per Mail Coach to Hexham, every morning (Sunday excepted) at seven 
o'clock. It passes through Wark and Hurashaugh, and returns in the afternoon. Thomas 
Riddle and Robert and Wedderburn Breckons, proprietors. 

Caeeiee to Newcastle : George Hedley, on Wednesdays. 

Chaelton (East Quaetee) is a township and small village, the property of 
Henry Charlton, Esq^. The manorial rights of the common are claimed by the 
Duke of Northumberland, and the freeholders claim those of their own property. 
The township contains 635 acres, and its rateable value is £665 14s. lOd. 
Population in 1801, 139; in 1811,137; in 1821, 143 ; in 1831, 151 ; in 
1841, 173; and in 1851, 117 souls. The Village of East Charlton is 
pleasantly situated on the north side of the North Tyne, two miles W.N.W. 
of Bellingham. Here is a Catholic Church, dedicated to St. Oswald. It is 
a neat stone structure, in the early English style, and was erected by subscrip- 
tion in 1839, W. H. Charlton, Esq., being the principal contributor, and the 
donor of the site upon which the church and presbytery stands. Rev. Edward 
Hothersall, priest. St. Oswald's Catholic school is situated near the church. 
It was erected by Frank Charlton, Esq., in 1839, and is principally supported 
by Mrs. Charlton, of Heslejside. Elizabeth Wilson, teacher. 

Directory. — Rev. Edward Hothersall (Catholic) ; Edward Campion, auc- 
tioneer and appraiser; Catholic School, near Bellmgham, Elizabeth Wilson, 
teacher ; Christopher Dodd, shopkeeper, Charlton ; Mrs. Ann Hall, Reins ; 
Thonlas Martinson, joiner and builder, Charlton, near BeUingham ; John 
Milburn, cartwright, Riding ; and the farmers are Thomas Lamb, Siiaw ; 
Adam Little, Riding ; Anthony Richardson, Reins ; and Joseph Wright, and 
yeoman, Charlton. 

Charlton (West Quarter) is a to^iiship of scattered houses and farm- 
steads, situated at the confluence of the Tarset Burn and the North Tyne, 
three miles W.N.W. of Bellingham. It comprises an area of 478 acres, its 
rateable value is £624 lOs. 3d., and it contained in 1801, 123; in 1811, 
155 ; in 1821, 187 ; in 1831, 188 ; in 1841, 176 ; and in 1851, 146 irihabi- 
tants. The? principal proprietors are John aiiid William Addison, Esqs., gtnd 



BELLINGHAM PAEISH. 



857 



the Duke of Northumberland is lord of the manor. Bearsmouth and Hare- 
shaw Head Collieries, situated on Hareshaw Common, are carried on by Mr. 
Jos3ph Armstrong, whose family have been the proprietors for the last half 
century. The Mr. Armstrong just mentioned, is remarkable for his great 
ingenuity ; in 1 85 1, he constructed a fine toned fiddle from some coal obtained 
in his own colliery. There was formerly a very strong castle in this township, 
and from the magnitude of its ruins, ^vhich have long disappeared, it was 
said to have served as the abode of a giant, and it is still believed that a sub- 
terranean way passes from it under the bed of the river to the ancient fortress, 
called Dally Castle, which is distant about one mile to the south. Tarset 
Hall, the seat of Mr. John Forrest, is a neat stone building, situated near 
the site of Tarset Castle. 



Armstrong Henry, coal manager, Park 

Cottage 
Armstrong Joseph, coalowner, Bearsmouth 

and Hareshaw Head Collieries 
Milburn Henry, schoolmaster, Craghead 
Milburn INIatthew, shopkeeper, Snow Hall 
Nichol Thomas, blacksmith, Eeedmires 
Eobson John, boot and shoemaker, High 

Newton 
Weightman John, joiner, builder, and miU- 

wright. Lane Head 



Ward Adam, beerhouse, Ijane Head 

Farmers 

Craigie John, Wage Head 

Dagg John, Knopping's Holme 

Forrest John, Tarset Hall 

Milburn Edward, & registrar of marriages, 

Binner Hill 
Nichol William and Adam, Low Newton 
Kobson Jasper, Charlton Gate 



Leematling is a township, the property of W. H. Charlton, Esq., and 
Robert Charlton, Esq. The manorial rights are possessed by these gentle- 
men, and by Hunter Allgood, Esq. The township contains 4,245 acres, and 
its rateable value is £1,819. Population in 1801, 326 ; in 1811, 266 ; in 
1821, 285 ; in 1831, 293; in 1841, 325 ; and in 1851, 271 souls. There 
are a colliery and tile works, situated at Brier Edge, which are carried on by 
W. H. Charlton, Esq. There is a small school at Stubby Lee, in this town- 
ship, erected by subscription in 1804. Hesleyside, the property and seat of 
W. H Charlton, Esq., is a splendid edifice, wdth a neat domestic chapel 
attached, surrounded by beautiful pleasure grounds and gardens, which evince 
great taste both in design and execution. The prospect from the eminence 
on which the mansion stands, is beautifully diversified with sheep walks, 
heath-clad hills, rocks, and woods, having the town of Bellingham, and part of 
the North Tyne in the foreground. The clan of Charlton, so celebrated in 
ancient times, was very numerous and influential in this neighbourhood. 
Those of the name who resided at the Bower, an old fortress, not far from 
Hesleyside, were noted freebooters, and many w^onderful stories of their 
address and prowess are still current. The chief of the family was always 
called Bowery, or rather Boorey, from his place of residence. William Charl- 
ton of ileedsmouth, a son of Mr. Charlton of the Bower, had all the fierce- 
ness and implacability of a borderer. On the 21st of February, 1709, he 
slew Mr. H. Widdrington, of Bellingham, in a wood called Beedswood Scroggs- 
William Laidley, of Emplehope, who was riding past at the time, hastened 
to the tfoM Heaps, where there was a horse race, and alarmed the people, 



858 



TINDALE WARD — KORTH-WEST DIVISION. 



who captured tlie offender, and delivered him np to justice. He was, how- 
ever, pardoned by Queen Anne, and in the " rising" of 1715, joined the Earl 
of Derwentwater, and behaved ^vith great spirit and bravery at Preston. Lee 
Hall, the property of Eobert Charlton, Esq., is a neat stone edifice, pleasantly 
situated on the north side of the North Tyne. 

Coulson Edward, Brideford 
Dixon John, and yeoman, Dunterley 
Fenwick Elizabeth, Brieredge 
Maughan Forest, & corn miller, Lee Hall 
Mill 



Charlton William Henrv, Esq. Hesleyside 
Dixon George, land agent. Mantle Hill 
Dixon Thomas, Esq. Bellingham Eals 



Blacksmiths 
Parker Eichard, and beerhouse, Fellend 
Eichardson William, Woodhead 



Maughan Thomas, Sheeprigg 
Smith John, The Green 
Smith Eoger, Ealingham 
Thompson John, Woodpark 



Farmers 

Benson Christopher, Lee Hall 

Nook township, the property of W. H. Charlton, Esq., and Mr. Hagger- 
ston, extends along the north bank of the North Tyne, from the west side of 
the Reed, to within half a mile east of BelHngham. The Duke of Northum- 
berland is possessor of the manorial rights and privileges. It contains 1,151 
acres, its rateable value is £955 16s. 4d., and the number of its inhabitants 
in 1801, was 81; in 1811, 126; in 1821, 113; inl831, 99; in 1841, 13T ; 
and in 1851, 88 souls. 

Directory. — The farmers are Anthony Benson, Reed's Wood ; John 
Garford, and road contractor, North Bridgeford ; John Hedley, Rawfoot ; 
Joseph Pearson, Hole ; and Robert Riddle, Blakelaw. 

Tarretburn is a township, extending from three to six miles north-west of 
Bellingham, along the east side of the Tarretburn. The landowners are 
Henry Thompson, Thomas Thompson, and others. The Duke of Northum- 
berland claims the manorial rights of the commons, and each landowner 
claims those of his own property. The township comprises an area of 4,828 
acres, and its rateable value is £1,597 12s. 5d. The population in 1801, 
was 173 ; in 1811, 202 ; in 1821, 264 ; in 1831, 265 ; in 1841, 247 ; and 
in 1851, 202 souls. It contains the hamlets of Greenhaugh and Gatehouse, 
and a number of scattered houses, which are built in the deep and narrow 
glens formed by the lofty hills of this mountainous district. There is a lead 
mine in this township, opened in 1854, by the Messrs. Thompson, on the 
High Green estate. Coal is also found here. High Green Colliery is worked 
by Messrs. James and Thomas Temple. Greenhaugh is a hamlet in this 
township, four miles N.N.W. of Bellingham. 



Brown John, grocer, tailor and draper, 
Greenhaugh 

Dodd William, tailor and draper, Green- 
haugh 

Dodd William, butcher, Greenhaugh 

Elliot John, \ict Holly Bush, & blacksmith 
Greenhaugh 

Newton Henry Horsley, gentleman, Burn- 
bank 

Renwick William, shopkeeper, Greenhangh 



Temple James and Thomas, coalowners» 
High Green Colliery 

Farmers 
Charlton Matthew George, Gate Houses 
Charlton Michael, and yeoman, Green- 
haugh 
Famelton John, Sneep 
Gilhespy John Gray, Gate Houses 
Henderson Alexander Brown, Burnbank 



FALSTONE PARISH. 8^9 



Henderson John and Adam, Snnnyside 
Hindmarch Edward, Hetliery HfiU 
Mole William, Greenhaugh 
Potts John, Bnrdenside 
Potts Thomas, Burnbank 



Eidley John, Gate Houses 
Eobson Launcelot, Burnmouth 
Thompson Thomas, and yeoman, High 
Green 



BLACK CAKTS AND EYEHILL EXTRA-PAROCHIAL. 

Black Cap.ts and Ryehtll are two extra-parochial places, in the iiortli- 
western division of Tindale Ward. They contain 438 acres, and tlieir rate- 
able value is £'37G 13s. 6d. Their population is supposed to have been re- 
turned with Warden in 1801 and 1831 ; in 18 1 1, they contained 26 ; in 1831, 
15 ; in 1811, 17; and in 1851, 23 inhabitants. Tiae farmers are Matthew 
Dixon, Ryehill ; and Elizaheth Heslop, Black Carts, 

FALSTONE PARISH. 

Falstone is a parish, comprising the townships of Plawshets and Wellhaugh. 
It extends eastward from the limits of Cumberland and Scotland, to the 
parishes of Thornej^burn and Greystead, a distance of eleven miles, and com- 
prises an area of 57,700 acres. The population in 1801, was 437; in 1811, 
429; in 1821, 501; in 1831, 521; in 1841, 560; and in 1851, 562 souls. 
This extensive parish is one of those into which the parish of Simonburn was 
divided by act of parliament in 1811. It is a moorish and mountainous dis- 
trict, on which great numbers of sheep are pastured ; grouse, partridge, and 
black game are found in abundance. The North Tyne rises in this parish, 
and here receives a number of burns or rivulets, on whose banks the soil is in 
many places well cultivated. From the source of the North Tyne to Belling- 
ham, there are numerous traces of the castramentations, or strongholds, of the 
ancient Britons. We may mention Bell's Hunkin, and Ryan's Hill, one 
mile above Keilder Castle ; Flitchill Wood, and Camp Rigg, near Keilder ; 
Lowey Knough, and Hobb's Knough, about a mile from the last named place; 
Harpney Ptigg, and Baresdales, on the Lewis-burn, and Hawk's Knough. 
There is also one on Wellhaugh Moor, another in a wood near Eals, and a 
third on Knopping Holme Hill, opposite to Tarset Castle. The name of 
Falstone is said to be a corruption of the Anglo-Saxon word Fceston, signify- 
ing a stronghold for the purpose of fastening or securing cattle, &c. 

Plawshets, a township containing the village of Falstone, is the property of 
the Duke of Northumberland, Sir J. E. Swinburne, Sir M. W. Ridley, John 
Ridley, Esq., and others. It contains 28,225 acres, and its rateable value is 
£2,982 10s. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 209; in 1811, 214; 
in 1821, 234 ; in 1831, 249 ; in 1841, 222 ; and in 1851, 229 souls. There 
is a colliery in this township, which is carried on by the Duke of Northum- 
berland. 

Falstone is a village in this township, situated nine miles west by north 
of BeUingham. The Parish Church is a handsome stone structure with a 
square tower, rebuilt by subscription in 1823, at a cost, inclusive of the 

3 G 



860 TINDALE WARD— ^^OETH- WEST- DIVISION. 

Eectory, of about £2,000. The living, a rectory in the archdeaconry of North- 
umberland and deanery of BelHngham, is of the certified value of £10, gross 
income £219. The tithes are commuted for £228. Patrons, the Com- 
missioners of Greenwich Hospital. Rector, the Rev. Thomas Foster, M.A. . 
The parish register commences in 1 742. Here is also a Peesbyteeian Chuech, 
rebuilt by subscription in 1807, at an expense of £425. It is a substantial 
stone edifice, and occupies a pleasant situation. The Rev. Donald 
M'Naughton Stewart, minister. Ttnehead Chapel, in connection with the 
Presbyterian Church, Falstone, is a stone structure, rebuilt by the Duke of 
Northumberland. Divine service is performed here once a month by the 
Rev. Mr. Stewart, of Falstone. There is a school in the village, endowed with 
£5 per annum, by Sir J. £. Swinburne, Bart. A stone bridge was erected 
in 1843, at a cost of £2,222. It crosses the North Tyne by three arches, each 
of forty feet span, and connects the villages of Falstone and Staunersburn. 

Keildee Castle, a sporting seat of the Duke of Northumberland, occupies 
a romantic situation seven miles north-west by west of Falstone, at the junc- 
tion of the Iveilder Burn and the North Tyne. It is quadrangular in form, 
with a castellated front, and commands a fine view of the river and surround- 
ing country. The banks of the Keilder and the adjacent country were 
anciently clothed with thick woods, some vestiges of which still remain. About 
sixty years ago, an oak tree, containing 167 cubic feet of wood, was washed up 
near Tyne Head, and a few years afterwards the heath on a hill near Yarrow, 
was set fire to by the shepherds, when, after the peat moss was consumed, 
the remains of an ancient pine forest were discovered. This cu'cumstance 
caused the place to obtain the name of Fir-tree Moss, which it retains to this 
day, and the country people still go to it to collect wood, &c. At the western 
extremity of this parish, is an extensive track of country on the borders, for- 
merly known by the designation of " the debateable land," but in 1552, it 
was divided by agreement between the proper officers of England and Scotla,nd. 
Kennel Paek is a circular tract of ground, tlu'ee miles in diameter, situated 
about three miles west by north of Falstone. 

Post Office, Falstone. — John Hunter, -postmaster. Letters arrive here, from Bel- 
lingham, at 10 a.m., and are despatched thereto at 12 noon. 

Falstone School, James Clark, teacher j Robson Anthony, farmer, Hawkhope 

Foster Rev. Thomas, M.A. Falstone Rectory Robson Thomas & John, farmers, East 

Hunter John, vict. Black Coch, Falstone Keilder 

Lucas Richard, gamekeeper, Keilder Castle Stuart Rev. Donald M'Naughton, Fals- 

Eidley John & Thomas, yeomen, Falstone 1 tone Manse 

Wellhaugh township lies principally on the south side of the North Tyne, 
and contains the hamlets of Rigg End, Staunersburn, and Yarrow, with a 
number of scattered farm houses and cottages. It is the property of the 
Duke of Noi-thumberland, Sir J. E. Swinburne, Bart., Sir M. W. Eidley,Bart., 
John Ridley, Esq., and others. It comprises an area of 29,475 acres, and 
its rateable value is £2,857 lis. Id. Population in 1801, 228; in 1811, 
215; in 1821, 267; in 1831, 272; in 1841, 338; and hi 1851, 333 souls. 
Here is a school, which was erected by the Duke of Northumberland, in 1849. 



GEEYSTEAD PAEISH. 



861 



It is a neat, substantial, stone building, and is well attended. Two roads have 
been formed in this township, one by the Duke of Northumberland, from 
Bewshaugh to the Scottish border, a distance of about six miles, the other by 
Sir J. E. Swinburne, Bart., from Smalesmouth to the border, a distance of 
thirteen miles. 

MouNCEs, where Sir J. E. S\^dnburne has a sporting seat, stands on the 
south side of the north Tyue, in this township, three miles west of Falstone. 
RiGG End is a hamlet in this township, one mile south-east of E'alstone. 
Staxneesbuen is another hamlet, half a mile south of the same place. 
Yaeeow is also a hamlet one mile west of Falstone. 



Brown Michael, Avood agent, Moimces 
, Knowe 

Corbett Robson, blacksmith, Stannersburn 
Crozier John, boot & shoemaker, Stanners- 
burn 
Dagg Isaac, shopkeeper, Yarrow Moor 
Elliott John, cartwright, Riggend 
Hindmarsh Thomas, farm manager, Lewie 
Keilder School, Wm. Reid, teacher 
Newton Robert, shopkeeper, Stannersburn 
Waitt Thomas, shopkeeper, Stannersburn 



Farmers 
Forster William Henry, yeoman, Riggend 
Hall William, and vict. Fox d; Lamibi Stan- 
nersburn 
Hedley James, Bewshaugh 
Murray William, Smale 
Oliver William, Otterstonelee 
Robson William Adam, Emmethaugh 
Sisterson Robert and Thomas, yeomen, 
Yarrow 



Caeriee to Newcastle and Bevvick in Scotland, Isaac Bagg, on Wednesdays. 



GREYSTE AD PARISH. 

Geeystead parish comprises the townships of Chirdon and Smalesmouth, 
which were separated from the ancient parish of Simonburn by act of 
parliament, in 1811, and consists principally of moors and mountains, which 
abound with various kinds of game. It extends between Chirdon-burn and 
Smales-burn, and from the south side of the North Tyne to the borders of 
Cumberland. The parish is about eight miles in length by four and a half in 
breadth, and comprises an area of 17,745 acres. The population in 1801, was 
199; in 1811, 230; in 1821, 246; in 1831, 250; in 1841, 2J9; and in 
1851,251 souls. 

Chirdon, a township extending along the east side of the Chirdon-burn, 
is the property of W. H. Charlton, Esq. and Hunter Allgood, Esq. It con- 
tains 4,770 acres, and its rateable value is £998. The number of its inhabi- 
tants in 1801, was 68 ; in 1811, 76 ; in 1821, 83 ; in 1831, 77 ; in 1841, 
60; and in 1851, 84 souls. 

Dieectoey. — The farmers are Bartholomew Charlton, Chirdon ; John, 
William, and James Dodd, Padow-Burn and Kirnsyke ; Walter and Matthew 
Dodd, Hope House and Clint-Burn ; Walter Murray, White Hill ; Georgo- 
Ridley, Snab'd Hough ; and Matthew Robson, Whitchester. 

Smalesmouth is a township, the property of W. H. Charlton,, Esq., Captain 
Haggerstone, and others, each of whom claims the manorial rights of his own 
estate. It embraces an area of 13,275 acres, and its rateable value is £1,712. 
Population in 1801, 131; in ]8]1, 154; in 1821, ]63; in 1831, 173; in 
1841, 159 ; and in 1851, 167 souls. This township comprises more than 



862 TINDALE WARD — NORTH-^YES^:' DIVISION 

two-thirds of tlie entire parish, and contains the hamlets of Greystead and 
Hott, with a number of scattered houses. The Parish Chuech is at Grey- 
stead, a small hamlet in this township, situated on the south side of the North 
Tyne, five miles west by north of Bellingham. It is a neat stone edifice in 
the Gothic style, and was erected by the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospi- 
tal, shortly after Greystead was raised to the dignity of a parish. The living 
is a rectory in the archdeaconry of Northumberland, and deanery of Belling- 
ham, gross income £133. The patronage is vested in the Commissioners of 
Greenwich Hospital. Incumbent, the Kev. James E. Surridge, M.A. The 
tithes are commuted for £150. Here is a Presbyterian School erected in 
1851, and open to children of all denominations. 

Hott is a hamlet in this township, about a (Quarter of a mile east of 
Greystead. 



Baty Walter, cooper, Craig 

Dodd William, joiner & builder, Barn Know 

Peesbyteeian School, Kalph M'Adie, 

teacher, Hott 
Hobson John, shoemalver, Eals Cottage 
Eobson Eobert, vict. Moor Cock 
Waitt James, blacksmith, Eals Cottage 
Weatherson Charles, blacksmith, Hott 



Douglas Eobert, yeoman, Thorneyburn 

Eals 
Elliott Nenian, Bent House 
Gillespie Adam, and corn miller, Dally 

Castle Mill 
Hall Henr}', Smalesmouth 
Nicholson Thomas, yeoman, Birks 
Eidley Wilham, yeoman, Stokoe 
Scott John, Bower 
Telfer Adam, High Eals 
Telfer Walter, Middle Eals 



Farmers 
Charlton William, yeoman, Hott 

SIMONBURN PARISH. 

SiMOKBUEN parish comprises the chapelry of Humshaugh, and the town- 
ships of Haughton and Simonburn. It was formerly remarkable as being the 
largest parish in the diocese of Durham, extending from the Roman Wall to 
Liddesdale, in Scotland, a distance of thirty-three miles, and embracing the 
present parishes of Simonburn, Bellingham, Falstone, Greystead, Thorney- 
burn, and Wark, which, in conformity with an act of parliament, passed in 
1811, were erected into distinct rectories, in 1814, upon the death of Dr. 
Scott, the last incumbent of the ancient parish. Several parts of this ex- 
tensive district have been drained, enclosed, and brought under cultivation, 
yet, the greater portion is still used as sheep-walks, &c. The country here 
presents a very varied aspect, and some parts are highly beautiful and ro- 
mantic. It abounds in coal and ironstone, and iron appears to have been 
extensively wrought here in ancient times. The present parish contains 
13,372 acres ; the number of its inhabitants in 1801, was 900 ; in 1811, 956 ; 
in 1821, 1,030; in 1831, 1,135 ; in 1841, 1,029; and in 1851, 1,080 souls. 
The manorial rights are vested in the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital, 
who are also the patrons of the different livings which have been formed out 
of the old parish. None but navy chaplains of ten years' service are eligible 
as rectors of the new parishes, and they are not allowed to hold any other 
preferment, though they are authorised to receive half pay, and the Com- 
missioners of Greenwich Hospital are empowered to redeem the land-tax 
chargeable on the rectories. 



SIMONBURN PARISH. 



863 



Haughton is a townsliip and village, tbe propert}^ of William Smith, Esq. 
and George Smith, Esq. The area of the to\Ynsliip is ],128 acres, and its 
rateable value £-2,007 5s. The population in 1801, was 78; in 1811, 
15'2; in 1821, 127; in 1831, 154; in 1841, 118; and in 1851, 139 souls. 
The Village of Haughton is situated three miles east by south of Simon- 
burn. Haughtox Castle, the seat and property of William Smith, Esq., is 
an ancient and massive structure, surmounted by square turrets, and appears 
to have been, at one time, a very extensive edifice. At a short distance from 
the castle are the ruins of a chapel, and there appears to have been several 
other buildings in this neighbourhood. Haughton Castle was formerly 
possessed by the ancient family of Swinburne, and afterwards by the Widdring- 
tons, from whom it was purchased by an ancestor of the present proprietor. 
- Westor Hall, the property and residence of George Smith, Esq., is a 
handsome stone edifice, erected in 1732. Here are paper mills, which are 
worked by Messrs. G. Craig & Co. 



Craig Graham & Co. paper roanufacturerSj 

Haughton Paper Mills 
Smith George, Esq., Westor Hall 
Smith William, Esq., Haughton Castle 



Farmers 
Chatto John, Coldwell 
Kirksopp Thomas, Keeper Shield 
Kobson Edward, West Stomfold 
Younger William, Haughton Mains 
Wilkinson Henry, Haughton Pastures 



HuMSHAUGH is a chapelry, township, and village in the above parish, con- 
taining 1,778 acres, the property of Nathaniel Clayton, Esq., William Smith, 
Esq., George Smith, Esq., Christopher Colbeck, Esq., and others. The rateable 
value of the township is £2,275 ; it contained in 1801, 207 ; in 1811, 306 ; 
in 1821, 334 ; in 1831, 381 ; in 184J, 411 ; and in 1851, 446 souls. The 
land here is principally freehold, and each proprietor claims the manorial 
rights of his own property. The Village of Humshaugh is pleasantly 
situated on a rising ground near Chollerford Bridge, five and a quarter miles 
north by west of Hexham. The Chapel is a neat Gothic structure, erected 
in 1818, at a cost of £4,000. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the patron- 
age of the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital; gross income £127. The 
register of the chapelry commences in 1819. Humshaugh School was 
established by Miss Clayton, in 1833, and a Library was formed by sub- 
scription in 1849. 

Chollerford is a hamlet in this township, situated on the west side of 
the North Tyne, five miles west by north of Hexham. The river is here 
crossed by a handsome stone bridge of five arches, w'hich was erected in 
1775. 



Post Office, HuMSHAUGH,Mary Harrison, ^Jostwjsir^ 
at 4 p.m., and are despatched thereto at 9 a.m. 



Letters arrive, from Hexham, 



Allgood Misses Sarah and Margaret Han- 
nah, Lincoln Hill 
Baggs Miss Frances 
Callender S. M. surgeon 
Carr George, Esq. Humshaugh House 
Clayton Nathaniel, Esq., Ohesters 



Coulson Jolm and Thomas, land surveyors, 
Humshaugh Fell 

Craig Graham, paper manufactui'er (Gra- 
ham & Co.), Hatheridge House 

Craig Mr. John, Hatheridge House 

Douglas H. butclier 



864 « TIKDALE WARD NORTH-WEST DIVISION. 



Elliott Thomas, shopkeeper 

Evans Mrs. Marian, Simonburn Cottage 

E airless Eobert, shopkeeper 

Golightly Jane, shopkeeper 

Herdman J., joiner 

Moore John, shopkeeper 

Nevin Hannah, vict. Croion Inn 

Potts Wm. innkeeper and posting-house, 

Ghollerford 
Saint William, parish clerk 
Shield WiUiam Eobson, surgeon 



Thompson H. blacksmith 
Varley Thomas, schoolmaster 
Young Eev. W. B. curate 

Farmers 
Charlton William, and miller 
Douglas and Kichley 
Eeed Edward 
Eeed Christopher 
Eobson John, Waterside 
Tweddle Isaac 



SiMONBURN is a township and village, in the parish of the same name, the 
property of H. Allgood, Esq., John Ridley, Esq., Thomas Ridley, Esq., 
Henry Thompson, Esq., Michael Thompson, Esq., George Ridley, Esq., and 
ethers. The township contains 9,410 acres, and its rateable value is £3,646. 
Population in 1801, 555; in 1811, 498; in 1821, 569; in 1831, 600; in 
1841, 500 ; and in 1851, 495 souls. 

The Village of Simonburn is pleasantly situated nine miles N.N.W. of 
Hexham. The Parish Church, dedicated to Saint Simon, is an ancient 
structure, and having undergone a thorough renovation, in 1821, is now in a 
tolerably perfect condition. It contains several beautiful monuments, and 
the parish register commences in 1681. The living, a rectoiy, in the arch- 
deaconry of Northumberland and deanery of Bellingham, is rated at£34 6s. 6d.; 
gross income £596 ; net income £426. The great tithes were commuted 
in 1804. Patrons, the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital. Rector, the 
Rev. Meyrick Beebee, M.A. WaUis tells us that in digging a grave near 
one of the windows in this church, in 1762, a very remarkable skull was found. 
On the back part of it, there was the figure of a large escallop shell, and at 
one of the auditories, the figure of a torcular shell, hke a screw. It is much 
to be regretted that Wallis should have treated this curiosity so slightly. 
" He does not even say," observes Hutchinson, "whether these impressions 
were sculptured, or adhesions of petrified matter. In either case, it would 
have gratified the virtuoso to have had a perfect description. We read of that 
degree of wantoness and inhumanity, that the skulls of enemies at public 
festivals, were used for drinking cups. Was this ornamented with sculpture, 
it would lead to an apprehension that it was once employed in such un- 
haUovved rites. If these were petrifactions, it would be still more wonderful." 

Simonburn Castle is situated on an eminence, shaded by tall fir and 
beech trees, at a short distance west of the village, and was, in ancient times, 
the property of the Herons of Chipchase, but came subsequently by purchase 
into the possession of the Allgood family. Nunwick Hall is a fine 
structure of white freestone, situated on a spacious lawn, half a mile E.N.E. 
of Simonburn. 

Hall Barns is a hamlet in this township, half a mile south of Simonburn. 
Park End is another hamlet situated one mile north of the same place. It 
is the property of John Ridley, Esq., who resides here in an elegant mansion, 
which commands an extensive view of the North Tyne, Chipchase Castle, 
and the surrounding country. 



SIMONBUEN PAPvISH. 863 

At Tecket, near Simonburn, is a cascade overhung by precipices, which 
appear ready to fall into the rushing stream beneath. Previous to reaching 
the fall, the water runs on a natural stone pavement for a considerable dis- 
tance, and in its vicinity there is a grotto or cave, with a stone seat, and at one 
corner a cavity, which has been by many compared to a cupboard. Having 
passed the fall, the water disappears under a large rock, and after pursuing a 
subterraneous course for about a mile and a half, rises in a field near Nunwick 
Mill, and afterwards falls into the Tyne. 

Charities. — Giles Heron, in 1679, bequeathed all his property, which pro- 
duced £800, to nine trustees for the benefit of this parish. He directed 
£•200 to be appropriated to the school atWark, and the residue to be applied to 
the poor of Simonburn parish, and the apprenticing of poor children, those of the 
name of Heron to have the preference. The trustees purchased the Tecket 
Farm, which, at the time of the Charity Commissioners' report produced 
£180 per annum, of which £45 are applied to the school, and the remainder 
is distributed in accordance with the intentions of the donor. Wark having 
formerly been part of the parish of Simonburn, the children and poor of that 
parish are admitted to the benefit of the charity^ 

BiOGEAPHT. — The Rev. John Wallis was a native of this county, and 
having spent a few years in the south of England, became curate of this parish, 
where he began to cultivate the study of botany, and afterwards wrote a 
History of Northumberland, which was published in two quarto volumes, in 
1769. The first volume contains an account of the plants, minerals, fossils, 
&c., indigenous to the county, and is considered the most valuable. Some 
time after having a dispute with his rector, he removed to Haughton, near 
Darlington, and afterwards to Billingham, near Sockton, where he continued 
till increasing infirmities obliged him to resign at Midsummer, in 1793. He 
then removed to the neighbouring village of Norton, where he died in the 
following August, in the 79th year of his age. 

George Pickering, a poet of local celebrity, was born here in 1758, and 
received the rudiments of education at his native place under Mr. Joseph 
Atkinson, a respectable and successful teacher. He was afterwards a pupil 
of the Rev. Joseph Harrison, under whose tuition he made rapid progress. In 
1776, he became a clerk in Mr. Davidsons's office, at Newcastle, and 
was soon entrusted with the management of the Stamp Office for that 
district. While engaged in this situation, he, in conjunction with two fellow- 
clerks, Thomas Bedingfield and James Ellis, published a volume of poems, 
some of which are remarkable for their tenderness o'f feeling. But Pickering 
conld trifle with the idlest at times, and the hoax played upon the Newcastle 
Courant, in the publication of a Lapland song, was the joint work of him and 
his colleague Bedingfield. The following is the account given of this affair: — 
" Sir George H. Liddell and some other gentlemen, having made a voyage 
to Lapland, in the summer of 1786, and brought with them two female natives 
of that country, these wits invented a combination of syllables, which had the 
appearance of poetry, and announced it as a song sung by these natives of Lap- 
land. This, together with a pretended translation; appeared in the above 



866 TINDALE WAED— NORTH- WES'I DIVISION. 

paper, September 2nd, 1786, and the criticism, with a new translation, on 
the 21st of October following. Nay, so successful was the trick, that the 
song was set to music, and the first translation published in a quarto edition 
of the voyage, and was even copied into some of the London magazines. A 
happier literary hoax was perhaps never perpetrated." From this time we 
know little or nothing of Pickering's life, towards the latter part of which he 
was in very reduced circumstances. He died in July 1826, and was bmied 
at Lamesley, in the county of Durham. 

Beebee Kev. Meyrick * Graham Bobert 



Boyd Mary, shopkeeper 
Davison James, land agent 
Dodd John, miller 
!Forster Thomas, agent 
Kirsopp Eobert, tailor 
Maughan John, innkeeper 
Moor John, butcher 
Moor Mary, innkeeper 
Minto John, shopkeeper 
Ohver Thomas, tailor 
Bidley John, Esq. Park End 
Farmers 

Marked * are yeomen. 
Bell Mary, Allgood Farm 
Dodd George, Parkside 



Moore George, Upper Town 
Nicholson H. Stoopridge 
Nixon John, and cattle dealer 
Pattinson John 

* Eeed Thomas 
Bidley John 

* Bidley Thomas 
Short John 
Smith Henry 

Tate John, Kirkshield 

* Taylor Thomas, Cuthbert, and John 

* Taylor William, Sharpley 
Thompson Joseph 
Thompson Michael, Fairshaw 
Thompson WiUiam 



THORNEYBURN PARISH. 

Thorneyburn parish is bounded on the east by Bellingham, on the west 
by Falstone, and extends from the North Tyne along the west side of the 
Tarset Burn, to the borders of Redesdale. It comprises the townships of West 
Tarset and Thorneyburn, whose united area is 20,133 acres, and its population 
in 1801, was 322; in 1811, 363; in 1821, 358; in 1831, 334; in 1841, 
359 ; and in 1851, 340 souls. This was formerly included in the extensive 
parish of Simonburn, from which it was severed by the Act of 51, George 
III., c. 194. The greater part of this district is wild and mountainous, yet it 
affords good pasturage for sheep and cattle. 

Tarset (West) is a township containing twenty-six scattered houses, which 
are situated between two branches of the Tarset Burn, and are sheltered by 
the lofty hills of Comb Fell, Great Dodd, and Heslop Crag. It contains 
17,408 acres, and the rateable value is £2,214 3s. 3d. The tithes were 
commuted in 1839 ; aggregate amount £113 10s. 7d. The number of 
inhabitants in 1801, was 159; in 1811, 207; in 1821, 169; in 1831, 149; 
in 1841, 173; and in 1851, 173 souls. 

Directory. — The farmers are Simon Dodd, Blackmiddings ; WiUiam 
Famelton, Gleedlee ; John Potts, Redheugh ; James Scott, Shipley Shields ; 
and Simon Telfer, Newbiggin. 

Thorneyburn is a township giving name to the parish in which it is 
situated, and comprising an area of 2,725 acres. Its rateable value is 
£1,131, and its population in 1801, was 163 ; in 1811, 156 ; in 1821, 189 ; 



WARDEN PAEtsa. 867 

in 1831, 185 ; in 1841, 186 ; and in 1851, 167 souls. It contains tliirty- 
six scattered houses, and is situated five miles W.N.W. of Bellingbam. The 
Parish Church is a neat stone edifice, in the Gothic stjie, erected in 1818, 
at a cost of £4,000, by the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital, the patrons 
of the li\dng, which is a rectory, in the archdeaconry of Northumber- 
land and deanery of Bellingbam, and incumbency of the Rev. George 
Richards, M.A., for whom the Rev. Thomas Surridge, LL.D., officiates. 
The benefice is rated at £4 5s., gross income £120. Tithes commuted in 
1839; aggregate amount £50 17s. ll|-d. The parish register commences 
in 1819. The church stands in the field formerly called Draper Croft, and 
in its vicinity an elegant rectory has been erected. The North Tyne is 
crossed here by a neat " Iron Foot Bridge," which was erected by subscription 
in 1 854, at an expense of £170, and connects the parishes of Greystead and 
Thorn eyburn. 

DoNKLEY Wood is a hamlet in this township, on the north side of the 
North Tyne, five miles west by north of Bellingbam. 



Gibson Joseph, surgeon, Hill House 
Newton Frederick and Forster, travelling 

drapers, Mount Pleasant 
Turnbull James, shopkeeper 
Turnhull John, dogger. Mount Pleasant 

Farmers 
Dodd Edward, High Stokoe 
Elhott James, Kushend 
EUiott Wilham, Old Hall 

Caeeier. — To Bewick, in Scotland, James Turnhull, on Tuesdays. 



Hall P-ohert, Bewick, Thorneyburn 

Hedley Ephraim, Boat-hill 

Hedley Eobert, Craig House 

Parker Robert, Camp Cottage 

Robson Thomas, yeoman, Low Thorneybura 

Telfer Adam, Donkley Wood 

Telfer Thomas, Donkley Wood 

Temple Thomas, Gray's Gate 

Wilkinson George, Low Stokoe 



WARDEN PARISH. 

Warden is a parish, with no dependant townships, but it formerly included 
the present parochial chapelries of Haydon Bridge and Newbrough, with their 
respective townships. It comprises an area of 3,122 acres, and its rateable 
value is £4,455 10s. The population in 1801, was 349; in 1811, 396; in 
1821,498; in 1831, 540; in 1841, 532; and in 1851, 646 souls. The soil 
in this neighbourhood is generally fertile, and the scenery diversified and 
beautiful. Coal and limestone are found here in considera,ble quantities, 
and at Fourstones there are collieries and limekilns, w^hich are extensively 
worked by Mr. William Benson, of Allerwash House. At West Boat there 
is an elegant suspension bridge, which was erected in 1826, at a cost of 
£5,000. The principal landowners in this parish are Nathaniel Clayton, 
Esq., John Errington, Esq., and the Duke of Northumberland, each of 
whom claims the manorial rights of his own property. Warden was formerly 
the lordship of Anthony, Lord Lucy, of Cockermouth, for which, in the reign 
of Edward II., he obtained a grant of the liberty of free warren, with other 
manors in this county. He died in 1344, leaving the manor to Thomas, 
Lord Lucy, in whose family it continued for many generations. 

The Village of Warden occupies a delightful situation, near the jui)ction 

3 G 2 



868 TINDALE WAED NOETH-WEST DIVISION. 

of the North and South Tyne, two miles N.N.W. of Hexham, and is remark- 
able as being a favourite retreat of St. John, of Beverle}'-, twelve centuries ago. 
From the neighbourhood of the church a variety of beautiful and picturesque 
views of the vale of the North Tyne may be obtained, and the rural seats 
which have been erected at the most commanding points, add much to the 
'enjoj^ment of the surrounding scenery. The Church; dedicated to St. 
Michael, is a cruciform stone structure of considerable antiquity, in the early 
English style of ai'chitecture, and was almost entirely rebuilt in 1765. It 
possesses several mural tablets to the memory of different individuals, and 
three excellent stained glass windows, on one of which the principal events 
in the life of our Blessed Saviour are represented. In the church-yard there 
is an ancient Roman altar bearing a figure supposed to rej^resent Victory, and 
a small stone coffin, which is said to have been found during the repairs of 
the church at the period above-mentioned. The living is a vicarage in the 
archdeaconry of Northumberland and deanery of Hexham, valued in the 
Liber Regis at £8 16s. 3d.; gross income £565. Patron, W. B. Beaumont, 
Esq.; incumbent, the Rev. Christopher Bird, M, A., vicar of ChoUerton ; 
Rev. Christopher Bird,jun., B.A., curate. The parish register commences 
in 1695. The Primitive Methodists have a small chapel here which was 
built in 1851. The School was erected by subscription in 1820, and is 
conducted by Mr. J. G. Wylie. 

High Warden is a hamlet in this parish, situated about half sl mile north 
of the church. On the eminence called Castle Hill is an ancient fort, 
including an area of more than two acres, and was formerly 
surrounded by a rampart of unhewn stone, which was further strengthened by 
ramparts of earth, with their corresponding ditches. The entrance to this 
fortification appears to have been on the east, and the approach to it was 
flanked by stone ramparts. The remains of buildings may yet be distinctly 
traced within the lines, where several hand-mills, or querns, have been dis- 
covered. This camp commands an extensive view of the North and South 
Tyne, and all the principal villages and buildings up both these rivers may 
be distinctly perceived. Behind the vicarage house at Warden are the traces 
of another military station, called also the Castle Hill. 

FouRSTONES is another hamlet, two miles north-west of Warden, where there 
is a station on the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway. The name of this place is 
said to have been derived " from its being bounded by four stones, supposed to 
have been formed to hold holy water." But other accounts say that these 
stones were Roman altars, and that there is a story current in the neighbour- 
hood, that one of them was called the " Fairy Stone," because in the rebellion 
of 1715, the focus of this altar was formed into a square recess, with a cover, 
to receive the correspondence of the rebel chiefs, aud that a little boy clad in 
green came in the twilight of every evening to carry away the letters left in it 
for Lord Derwentwater, and deposit his answers, which w^ere " spirited" away 
in a similar manner by the agency of some of his friends. 

Charities. — The poor of this parish possess two bequests, one of which 
was left in 1680, by Ursula Mountney, and consists of a rent charge of £3 



HAYDON PAROCHIAL CHAPELRY. 



869 



per annum ; the otlier was bequeathed by some unknown person, and amounts 
to £1 yearly. 



Bambrough Sarah, shopkeeper, Fourstones 
Benson Wilham, coal owner, hme burner, 

and drain-tile manufacturer, Fourstones ; 

ho. Allerwash House 
Bird Eev. Christopher, jun. B.A. Yicarage 
Corbett Joseph, blacksmith & shopkeeper, 

Fourstones 
Davidson Thomas, beerhouse keeper and 

butcher 
Elliott Kobert, tailor, Fourstones Park 
English John, corn miller 
Errington John, Esq., magistrate, High 

Warden 
Ferguson John, shopkeeper, Fourstones 
Fordyce Thomas, paper manufacturer 
Heads John, vict. Victoria, Fourstones 
Leadbitter Nicholas, Esq. 
Nelson & Co. quarry owners, Prudham 

Quariy, Thomas McDonald, manager 



Eatlway Station, Fourstones, Francis 

Ferguson, station master 
■Ridley John, Esq. Y/alwick Hall 
Eobson Eobert, shoemaker, Fourstones 
Short Joseph, blacksmith, Walwick 
TurnbuU John, shopkeeper & shoemaker 
Wyhe Jonathan Cockerill, schoolmaster 

Farmers 

Bell John, Walwick 

Colbeck Christopher, Walwick Grange 

Cutter Paul 

Errington John, Park Shields 

He'^lop Ann, Pligh Warden 

Hesl op William, Fourstones 

Hutchinson Edward 

Stephenson Marshall, Fourstones 

Thompson John 



HAYDON PAROCHIAL CHAPELRY. 

Hatdon parochial chapehy, the property of the Commissioners of Green- 
wich Hospital, and others, is divided for highway purposes into the quarters 
or divisions of Brokeuheugh, Deanraw, Eilerington, andLipwood. It contains 
J 3,688 acres, and its rateable value is £14,106. The number of its inhabi- 
tants in 1801, w^as 1,084 ; in 1811,1,347; in 1821, 1,574 ; in 1831 , 1,746 ; 
in 1841, 1,908; and in 1851, 2,085 souls. The manor of Haydon was 
formerly the property of Anthony, Lord Lucy, of Cockermouth, who, in 1344, 
obtained a charter from Edward III., in which permission was granted to 
hold a w^eekly market here on Tuesdays, and an annual fair on the feast of 
St. Mary Magdalen, and the three following days, but these privileges have 
long been disused. This chapelry is intersected by the Newcastle and Car- 
lisle Railway, which has a station here, near to which are the Haydon Bridge 
Iron Works, established in 1843, and extensively carried on by Messrs. 
Coultas Dodsworth and Co. There are also mills for the smelting of lead 
ore, at Langley, worked by Messrs. Shield and Co., and at Grindon Hill, a 
Lead Mining Company has been recently formed. On Ellfoot Hill, a cist- 
vaen, containing some ashes, was discovered by Mr. Thomas Pickering in 
1851, and several ancient silver coins were latelv found in an adjoining 
field. 

The Village of Haydon Bridge lies on both sides of the Tyne, which is 
here crossed by a handsome stone bridge of six arches, six miles west by 
south of Hexham. The Chapel, dedicated to St. Cuthbert, is a substantial 
stone edifice, with a square tower, erected in 1797. The living is a curacy, 
in the presentation of W. B. Beaumont, Esq. Rev. George Richmond, 
curate. The tithes were commuted in 1839, aggregate amount, i;700 ICs 7d. 



^70 TINDALE WAR!)— NORTH-WEST t)IVlSTOK. 

impropriate, and £349 10s. 5|-d. yicarial. The register of the chapehy com- 
mences in 1654. The Independent Chapel was erected in 1818, but 
having become too small, efforts are now being made to erect a new one. 
Eev. G-eorge Swan, minister. The Presbyterian Chapel, Moss Kennell, 
was erected by subscription in 184] . The Primitive Methodists have a small 
place of worship here, and the Wesleyan Reformers have two chapels, one at 
Hay don Bridge, and the other, a small stone edifice, erected in 1849, near 
Laugley Mills. 

Hatdon Bridge Grammar School was founded by deed of the Eev. J. 
Shaftoe, in 1685, and regulated by acts of parliament, 25 Geo. III., and 59 
Geo. III. It is governed by seven trustees, who have the right of appointing 
land removing the master and usher, the former of whom must be master of 
arts and a clergyman in priest's orders, and must perform service in Haydon 
Bridge Chapel. The usher must be approved of by the minister of 
Warden. The instruction prescribed by the founder embraces gram- 
mar and classical learning, writing, arithmetic, geography, navigation, and 
mathematics, and such other literature as the trustees should think proper. 
By the Act 25th Geo. III., a girl's school was engrafted on the original 
foundation, for teaching girls reading, writing, arithmetic, knitting, working, 
and other necessary education. It is free to boys and young men, and girls 
born or resident in the chapelry of Haydon, or at AVoodshields, in the cha- 
pelry of Newbrough. The income of the school, at the time of the Charity 
Commissioners' report, was £455 per annum. Principal, the Ptev. George 
Richmond, There are also two other schools in this chapelry, one at Dean 
Haw, erected by the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital, in 185.2, the 
other at Grindon was erected by subscription. They receive £20 each per 
annum from the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital, and the trustees of 
Shaftoe's charity. Haydon Bridge possesses a Library and Newsroom, which 
were established by subscription in 1836. 

Charity. — In addition to the Grammar School, Mr. Shaftoe founded^and en- 
dowed almshouses for twenty poor persons born in the chapelry, each of whom 
receives three shillings and sixpence per week, with a supply of coals. The 
alms-people are appointed by the trustees, who select such aged and infirm 
men or women of the chapelry as appear to be proper objects of the charity. 

Brokenheugh, a hamlet in this chapelry, is situated five miles W.N.W. 
of Hexham. Chesterwood is also a hamlet in Lipwood Quarter, seven and 
a half miles north of Hexham. 

Deanraw quarter contains several small hamlets, and a number of scattered 
houses on the east side of the Allen, eight miles west of Hexham. The banks 
of the Allen in this neighbourhood are very beautiful, and the crumbhng 
walls and broken gateway of Staward-le-Peel, cause the mind to revert to 
the Friars Eremites of Hexham, its former possessors. 

Ellertngton quarter is situated four and a quarter miles west of Hexham. 
The Hall is the property of the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital, and 
is occupied by Mr. William Lambert, whose family has resided here for the 
last eighty years. 



HATDON PAEOCHIAL CHAPELRT. 871 

Langley is a village and manor, in Ha3"don cliapelry, two miles soutli-west 
of Haydon Bridge. Here are extensive mills for smelting lead ore, which 
are extensively carried on by Messrs. Shield and Co, Langley Castle, the 
ancient seat of the Barons of Tindale, is now in ruins. In the reign of 
Henry I., it was held by Adam de Tindale, by the service of one knight's 
fee, and it was afterwards transferred by marriage to the De Bolteby family, 
passing from them in a similar manner to Thomas de Multon, who subsequently 
assumed the name and arms of Lucy. His son, Thomas, enjoyed this manor 
after his mother's death, and on his demise it passed to his son Anthony. 
Lord Lucy, who, in 1323, seized, by order of Edward II., Andrew de Herkley, 
Earl and governor of Carlisle, for treason, in the castle of that city, for which 
important service he was made governor of the castles of Carlisle, Appleby, 
and Egremont, and, in the following- year, obtained a grant in fee of the 
castle and honour of Cockermouth, for which, as also for this manor, he pro- 
cured the privilege of free warren. He died possessed of this manor and 
castle, and was succeeded by his son Thomas, who in his turn was succeeded 
by his son Anthony, who dying without male issue, the estate was inherited 
by his daughter Joan, but she d}dng at an early age, it came into the posses- 
sion of her aunt, Matilda, who was the wife Gilbert de Umfraville, Earl of 
Angus, and she surviving him, was afterwards married to Henry Percy, Earl 
of Northumbeiland, in whose family it continued till the reign of Edward IV., 
when, on the attainder of Henry, Earl of Northumberland, it became the pro- 
perty of John Neville, ]\Iarquis of Montacute, who possessed it for six years, 
and then resigned it to Sir Henry Percy, Lord Poynings. It afterwards 
became the property of the Eadcliffes, of Dilston, and gave the title of Vis- 
count and Baron Langley, to Sir Francis Piadcliffe, who was created Earl of 
Derwentwater, by James II., in 1668. On the attainder of the last Earl, 
it was given to the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital, the present 
proprietors. 

LipwooD, a hamlet in this chapelry, is situated one mile and a half 
west of Haydon Bridge. Plendor Heath is another hamlet, five miles 
N.N W. of Hexham. 

Walwick is a small hamlet, built, as its name imports, on the Roman Wall, 
four and a half miles north by west of Hexham. In the neighbourhood of 
Walwick Grange, many remains of antiquity have been discovered. Wal- 
wick Chesters, the Cilurnum of the Notitia, is situated about a mile north of 
Walwick Grange. A full description of this station as well as of that of 
Procolita, now Carrow, will be found under the head " Roman Remains,'" in 
the Introductory Review. 

Biography. — The Rev. John Rotherham, rector of Hough ton-le- Spring, in 
the county of Durham, was a na'tive of Haydon Bridge, and having received 
the rudiments of education from his father, who was head master of the 
grammar school in that village, he entered Queen's College, Oxford, in 1745. 
He shortly afterwards went to Barbadoes, and during his residence there, 
w^'ote a work bearing the title of " The Force of the Argument for the Truth 
of Christianity, drawn from a collective view of prophecy." His next work 



8:73) 



TINDALE WABD — NORTH-WEST DIVISION. 



was *' A sketcli of the one great Argument, formed from the general concur- 
ring Evidence for the truth of Christianity." In 1757, Mr. Rotherham, 
returned to England, and in the following year became curate of Tottenham, 
High Cross. In 1759, he published his " Apology for the Athanasian Creed." 
In 1766, appeared his most admired vfork, " An Essay on Faith, and its con- 
nexion witli Good Works." This obtained for him the patronage of the 
Archbishop of York, who recommended him to the Bishop of Durham, from 
whom he received the rectory of Ryton, and afterwards the valuable living of 
Houghton-le-Spring. He was attacked with palsy, while on a visit to his 
friend. Dr. Sharp, at Bambrough Castle, and died on the 16th of July, 
1789. 

John ]\Iartin, Esq., the celebrated historical painter, was educated at 
Haydon Bridge Grammar School. He died in the Isle of Man, on the 17th 
of February, 1854. 

Post Office, Haydon Bridge, William Walton, postmaster. Letters arrive from 
Carlisle, at 7-30 a.m.; from London, Newcastle, and Gateshead at 11-10 a.m.; from Allen- 
dale, Whitfield, and Alston at 11-30 a.m. ; from CarUsle and the west at 4-20 p.m. ; and 
from London, Newcastle, Gateshead, and Carlisle, at 7-30 p.m. They are despatched to 
Haltwhistle, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and the west, at 11-20 a.m.; to Allendale, Whitfield, 
and Alston, at 12-20 noon ; to Carlisle, at 2 p.m.; to London, Newcastle, Gateshead, &c., 
at 3-30 iJ-m.; and to London, Newcastle, Gateshead, and Carlisle, at 7-15 p.m. The box 
closes half an hour pre^dous to each despatch. 

Anderson Cowen, cart proprietor, West 



Haydon 

Cunningham Henry, gardener 

Davidson Jane, dressmaker 

Davison Miss Dorothy 

Dodsworth Coultas, ironfounder, &c. (C. 
J)odsworth and Co.) Tofts House 

Eltringham Rev. • 

Eshton Captain WilUam, Chesterwood 

Fairlamb Mr. John 

Glenwright i\Iary, dressmaker 

LiBiiARY AND News Eoom, W. Armstrong, 
librarian 

Nixon William Richard, Chester Grange 

Pickering Mr. Thomas, Bank Cottage 

Pollard Mr. William 

Race Rev. James 

Reed Mrs. Jane, Haydon Lodge 

Richmond Rev. George 

Ridley Ralph, rake,scythe-handle,and gen- 
eral shaft maker 



Robson James, ironfounder. Sec. (C. Dods- 
worth and Co.) 

Routledge Mrs. Jane, Croft Cottage 

Smith William, ironfounder, Arc. (C. Dods- 
worth and Co.) 

Sparke Mr. Jonathan, Geeswood House 

Sparke John T. clerk. White House 

Swann Rev. George William 

White Mrs. Elizabeth, High Bank House 

Wilkinson Thomas, flour dealer 

Winter Matthew, lead agent 

Academies and Schools 

Dean Raw, James Davison, teacher 
Grammar (Free), Rev. George Richmond, 

Walter Johnson, and Stephen Watson, 

teachers 
Grammar (Girls), AnnLawrey & Frances 

Johnston, teachers 
Grindon, Adam Cranston, teacher 



Attorneys 
Appedaile Thomas Hutchin- 
son, Bank House 
Lowes John, Hill House 

Boot and Shoemakers 

Annstrong Robert 
Irving William, and clog 
Mitchell Nicholas 
Mitchell Robert 



Philipson John, and clog 
Potts William 
Reay Joshua 
Urwin Thomas 

Blacksmiths 
Brown John 

Charlton Thos. Elleriugton 
Corbett Joseph 
Coulson John & Son, Water 
House 



Rowell William 
Wray George 

Butchers 
Armstrong Wm. Branchend 
! Graham John 
! Lambert John 
} Rutherford Alexander, Water 
House 

Coach Builder 
Hetlifringto'n Matthew 



HAYDON PAROCHIAL CHAPELEY. 



874 



Farmers & Graziers 
Armstrong Samuel, Branchend 
Armstrong Thomas, Mill Hills 
Arthur George, Treepwood 
Awburn John, Lipwood Well 
Bell James, Lough Green 
Bell Robert, Sillywrae 
BeU William, Harlow Hill 
Benson John, Grindon Hill 
Bewick James, Whinnetley 
Bewick John, Prior House 
Coats John, Middle Lipwood 
Cowing Anthony, High IMorley 
Cowing George, Low Hall 
Cowing Ealph, Low Morley 
Dawson John, Tedcastle 
Dickinson Henry, Cruel Syke 
Dickinson John, Hill House 
Dickinson John, Sillywrea 
Dickinson William, Staward 
'Drydon John, and. yeoman, Middle Dean 

Raw 
Drydon Thomas, Moss Kennell 
Errington Thomas. Sewing Shields 
Eshton Wm. jun. & yeoman, Chesterwood 
Fairlamb John Edward, and yeoman 
Forster William, and miller, Vfood Hall 



Harle John, West Mill Hills 
Henderson Ann, East Lane Ends 
Henderson Robert, East Ellerington 
Hetherington Matthew, Esp Hill 
Howden William, Haydon 
Hutchinson Thomas, Wood Hall 
Johnson Joseph, Plankey 
Lambert John, and assistant overseer for 

Haydon Chapelry 
Lambert William, Ellerington Hall 
Langhorn George, East Brokenheugh 
Langhoru John, East Mill Hill 
Lee George, & yeoman, West Land Ends 
Ord James, and yeoman and road surveyor, 

Chesterwood 
Pickering Thomas, EUfoot House 
Pigg Roger, Vauce 
Pigg Thomas, East Dean Raw 
Ridley Matthew, Peelwell 
Shield Robert, Stublick 
Telford George, Cubstock 
Watson Thomas, Lees 
White Thomas, Harsondale 
Woodman John, jun. Grindon 
Woodman Robert, Langley Castle 
Woodman William, White Chapel 



Grocers and Dealers in 
Sundries 

Armstrong Edward 

Armstrong Joseph 

Barr Hugh 

Benson Septimus George 

Dunning Jane, Langley Mills 

Forster William 

Hailes Matthew 

Lambert Ann 

Makepiece Francis 

Oliver Edward 

Parker Joseph 

Pattinson J ohn 

Short John 

Simms Joseph 

Thompson Anthony 

Turbul Mabel 

Wray Thomas 

Hotels and Inns 

Anchor, Matthew Hethering- 
ton, & Posting House 
Black Bull, Margt. Robson 
Cartsbogg, George Robinson 
Grey Bull, Joseph Corbett 
NelsonEidge,l^mM.Q.i\Xn^orx 



Scotch Anns, Wm. Pearson 
Water House, Alexander 

Rutherford 
Wheat Sheaf, Ann Waugh 

Beerhouse s 

Armstrong Edward 
Graham John 

Ironfounders 

Dodsworth C. & Co. Haydon 
Bridge Iron Works 

Joiners 

Gibson Daniel, & cartwright 
Potts John, & builder 
Temperley Ralph, & builder 

Lead Merchants 

Geindon Hall Lead Min- 
ing Company 

Shield Robert & Co, Langley 
Mills, John Dinning, 
managing partner 

Masons and Contractors 
Davison Richard 



Dickinson Henry, Cruel 

Syke 
Howden William, Haydon 

Millwrights 

Benson Septimus George 

Brown Henry 

Dodsworth C. & Co. and en- 
gineers, Haydon Bridge 
Iron Works 

Saddlers 
Cowing Matthew 
Lee George 

Walton William, & ironmon- 
ger 

Surgeons 

Coats Thomas 
ElHott Robert 

Tailors and Drapers 

Armstrong Edward 
Armstrong Robert 
Hailes Mattliew 
Oliver Edward 
TurnbuU Thomas 
Walker Georsre 



Conveyance. — Mail Gig to Allen Town and AUenheads, daily, at 1.2-30 p.m. 
Carrier. — John Shield, to Allendale, AUenheads, &c., on Tuesdays and Thursdays, 
and to Weardle on Saturdays. 



874 TINDAI^E WABD— KOETH-'^TEST DIVISION, 



NEWBEOUGH PAEOCHIAL CHAPELRY. 

Newbeough is a chapeliy, township, and village, the property of the Com- 
missioners of Greenwich Hospital, the Duke of Northumberland, Mrs. Wastell, 
Nicholas Todd, Esq., Nicholas Maughan, Esq., and the Eev. John 
Frederick Bigge, each of whom claims the manorial rights and privileges of 
his own property. This chapelry acknowledges Warden as the mother church. 
The township comprises an area of G,705 acres, and its rateable value is 
£4,940. Population in 1801, 429; in 1811, 464; in 1821, 451; in 1831, 
494; in 1841, 547 ; and in 1851, 551 souls. There are two extensive lead 
mines in this chapelry, one situated at Setthng Stones, worked by Messrs. 
Hall ; and the other at Stonecroft, carried on under the name of the Stone- 
croft Lead Mine Company, was established in 1851, on the property of 
Nicholas Todd, Esq. 

The Village of Newbrough is pleasantly situated on the north side of the 
Tyne, four and three-quarter miles north-west by north of Hexham. The 
Chapel, dedicated to St. Peter, is a neat stone edifice, with a square tower, 
and stands a short distance west of the village. The register of this chapelry 
is kept with that of Warden. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the pre- 
sentation of the Yicar of Warden, and incumbency of the Rev. Christopher 
Bird, junr., B.A. There was a school erected here by subscription, in 1818, 
upon the property of the late Rev. Henry WasteU, but the site not having 
been conveyed into the hands of trustees, his family have since resumed the 
grant. In 1853, another school was erected by subscription and a grant from 
the Committee of Council on Education, on land east of the village, granted 
by the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital. Newbrough Reading Roo:\i 
AND Mutual I:,ipeovemekt Society, was established in 1849. The build- 
ing in which the meetings of this society have been held, having become too 
small for the increasing number of members, they are now (1854) erecting a 
more suitable one, on a site generously given by the Rev. J. F. Bigge, of 
Stamfordham. 

Alleewash is a hamlet in this chapelry, situated on the South Tyne, four 
and three-quarter miles W.N.W. of Hexham. Bush is another hamlet, four 
miles W.N.W. of the same place. Woodshields is also a hamlet, situated two 
and a quarter miles E.N.E. of Haydon Bridge. 

Post Office, Newbeough, A.nn Carr, postmistress. Letters arrive here, from Hexham, 
at 4 p.m., and are despatched thereto at 8 a.m. 



Benson William, coal proprietor, &c. Aller- 

wash House ; works, Fourstones 
Bell Christopher, mason 
Charlton George, shoemaker 
Charlton Thomas, cartwright 
Corbett Thomas, blacksmith 
Conlson Gustavus H. Esq. 
Cranston Margaret, schoolmistress 
Forster Charles, schoolmaster 
Forster Joseph, shopkeeper 



Hetherington John, shoemaker 

Hindmarsh Edward, shopkeeper 

Hindmarsh John & Thomas, millers 

Middleton Miss Janet Maria 

Nicholson John, shopkeeper 

Parker Thomas, cart proprietor, Stonecroft 

Stokoe Ann, beerhouse, Allerwash 

Surtees George, joiner 

Surtees Eichard, vict. Red Lion, & butcher 

Welch Gilbert, cart proprietor, Stonecroft 



WAEK PARISH. 875 



Farmers 
Dickinson William, East Wharmley 
Fairless William 
Gibson George, The Bush 
IMagnay Charles, Settlingstones 
Eeed Eobert 
Bidley George 

Caeriee to Newcastle, Edward Hindmarsb on Wednesdays. 



Eobson Matthew, Allerwash 

Snowball Cuthbert, yeoman, West Wharm- 

ley 
Temperley Eobert, West AUerwash 
Thompson Thomas, Carrow 
Todd Nicholas, yeoman, Stonecroft 



WARK PARISH. 

Waek parish comprises tlie townships of Shitlington (High) Quarter, Shit- 
liiigton (Low) Quarter, Wark, and Warksburn, which were formerly a portion 
of the extensive parish of Simonburn, from which they were severed and made 
into a distinct parish, by the act of 51 Geo. III. cap. 194. It comprises an 
area of 22,986 acres, and its popnlation in 1801, was 728; in 1811, 783 ; in 
1821, 866; in 1831, 861; in 1841, 940; and in 1851, 865 souls. There 
are traces of numerous encampments in various parts of this district. The 
Raven's Crag, so called from its being the solitary and secure retreat of that 
bird, is a steep range of freestone rocks, situated at the southern extremity of 
the parish. At the west end of these lofty crags, there is a fine spring over- 
shadowed by a natural arch, and in its vicinity, are broken masses of rock 
lying in the wildest disorder. 

Shitlington (High) is a township in this parish, situated three miles west 
of Wark. It is the property of H. AUgood, Esq. and W. H. Charlton, Esq., 
the former of whom is lord of the manor. It contains 8,755 acres, and 
its rateable value is £1,326. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 80 ; 
in 1811, 99; in 1821, 104 ; in 1831, 108; in 1841, 106; and in 1851, 88 
souls. 



Farmers 
Armstrong James, High Bridge 
Charlton Christopher, High Bridge 
Clark Eoger, Blackburn 
Dodd Archibald 



Hedley John, Hindridge 
Millburn Joseph, Barneystead 
Mole Joseph, Stone House 
Thompson Henry Thomas, yeoman, Water- 
gate 



Dodd Joseph ' Wilkinson John, Barneystead 

Shitlington (Low) is a township, the property of H. Allgood, Esq., who 
is also the lord of the manor. It is situated about two and a half miles west 
by north of Wark, comprises 1,146 acres, and its rateable value is £723. 
The population in 1801, was 91 ; in 1811, 93 ; in 1821, 105 ; in 1831, 58 ; 
in 1841, 72 ; and in 1851, 77 souls. Coal is very abundant in this township 
and neighbourhood. Here are tile works carried on by Mr. I'rancis Renwick. 
Shitlington Hall, formerly the seat of the Allgood family, is now occu- 
pied by Mr. Christopher Dixon. 

Directory. — The farmers are Michael Atkinson, Shielafield ; John Dodd, 
Brown's Leases ; George Moor, and corn miller ; Christopher Nixon, yeoman, 
Shitlington Hall and Craig ; and Arthur Storey, l^illerley. 

Wark is a township and village in the parish of the same name, the pro- 
perty of L. J. H. Allgood, Esq., John Ridley, Esq., and W. H- Charlton, Esq. 

3 H 



876 TINDALE WARD— NOKTH- WEST DIVISION. 

The Duke of Northumberland is lord of the manor. The townsliip con- 
tains 3,160 acres, its rateable value is £1,686 15s, and the number of inhabi- 
tants in 1801, was 304; in 1811, 319; in 1821, 367; in 1H31, 417; in 
1841, 490 ; and in 1851, 483 souls. Here are a colliery and tile works. 
The manor of Wark was possessed by the Crown in the reign of Queen Eliza- 
beth, and was grauted by her successor James I., in 1603, to the Earl of 
Suffolk, but it subsequently became the property of the Eadcliffe family, and 
on the attainder of the Earl of Derwentwater, it was given to the Com- 
missioners of Greenwich Hospital, and is now possessed by the above-men- 
tioned proprietors. 

The Tillage of Waek occupies a low situation on the west side of the 
Tyne, about two and a half miles north of Simonburn. It is very ancient, 
but contains a number of good houses. The Chuech, a handsome Gothic 
structure with a square tower, was founded in 1815, and opened for service 
in 1818. The total expense of its erection, inclusive of the Kectory, was 
£7,410 17s., exclusive of the cost of the site. The living is a rectory in the 
archdeaconry of Xorthumberland and deanery of Bellingham, gross income 
£283. The patronage is vested in the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital, 
and the Rev. John Marshall, M.A., is rector. The parish register com- 
mences in 1818. The Presbyteeian Chapel was erected in 1848, at a 
cost of £200 ; Rev. Mr. Wrightson, minister. The Grammae School was 
founded by the will of Giles Heron, in 1679. The governors are the minister 
of Simonburn and nine trustees, who have the right of appointing the master, 
who must be approved of by the Bishop of Durham, It is free to the children 
of the inhabitants of the ancient parish of Simonburn, and of Chipchase, 
Birtley, and Birtley Shields, in the parish of Chollerton. The income is 
derived from rent, and at the time of the Charity Commissioners' report 
amounted to £45 per annum. In connexion with the Presbyterian Church 
is a school conducted by Mr. John Cuthbertson. 

In 1787, a tumulus and two urns containing human bones, were discovered 
north of the village. The tumulus contained a stone coffin, formed of six 
slab stones, and having two large stones upon the lid, as if to fasten it down. 
As some workmen w^ere levelling the ground in front of a building in this 
village, in the year 1804, they discovered a row of hewn stones, and on pro- 
ceeding further came to a room thirty feet square, the walls of which were 
eight feet thick. It was fourteen feet deep and appeared to have had no out- 
let, as neither doors nor windows were visible. Four courses of stones on the 
outside, near the bottom, w^ere composed of ashlar work, from which it would 
seem that it had not been connected with any other bunding under ground. 
The stones had the appearance of being burnt. 

Near Wark, and close by the river, is an eminence, called Moat Hill, 
which was formerly crowned by a tower belonging to the Eadcliffe family, but 
was subsequently used as a guard fort, and as an observatory for watching 
the motions of enemies. Half a mile north of Wark, near the place called 
Kirkfield, there formerly stood a church whose ruins are still visible, and 
from their magnitude we may conclude that the edifice to which they belonged 
was, at one time, of considerable extent. 



WARE PARISH. 



877 



Charities. — The poor share the charities of the parish of Simonburn, 
which see. 

Martin Thomas, cooper 
Marshall Eev. John, rector 
Pearson William, blacksmith 
PhiUpson William, contractor, Northum- 
berland House 
and Eichardson George, saddler 
Eidley George, Esq. 
Eobson John Edward, brewer, Wark 

Brewery 
Sharp Ann, straw hat maker 
Thompson Misses Frances and Jane 
TurnbuU William, blacksmith 

Inns 



Armstrong William, surgeon 

Baty John, slater 

Cutiibertson John, schoolmaster 

Dodd Thomas, Esq. 

JDodd John, tailor 

Dixon Edward, general merchant 

commission agent. Gold Island 
EUiott John, cartwright 
Eorster James, tailor and grocer 
Grierson Mr. John, Battle Steads 
Heslop Wilham, mason 
Lamb William, tailor 



Boot and Shoemakers 
Da\'idson Eobert 
Dodd Thomas 
Landerdale Wilham 
swell Thomas 
Scott John 
Vitch George 

Farmers 
Marked * are Yeomen 
Maughan Edward, Kirkfield 
Nixon George 
Eobson James, Moat Hill 

Careiees. — To Newcastle, 
on Thursday and Friday. 



♦Storey Arthur 

* Thompson Edward, Pasture 

House 
Grocers & Dealers in Sundries 

Charlton John, and draper 
Charlton George 
Dodd Gilbert 
Fairlamb Ealph 
Forster Thomas 
Nixon Eobert 
Smith Ehzabeth 
Tuhp Ehzabeth 

Edward Moor, on Thursday. 



Blach Bull, W. Breckons 
Black Horse, Christopher 

Breckons 
Greij Ball, Thomas Storey 
Highland Drover, E. C. Pigg 

Joiners 

Jamieson Edward 

Kirk Matthew 

Philipson John, & builder 

To Hexham, Gilbert Dodd, 



Warkseurn township is the property of John Ridley, Esq., and H. Allgood, 
Esq. It extends along both sides of the Wark rivulet, from three-quarters 
of a mile to five miles west of Wark, and comprises an area of 9,925 acres. 
The rateable value is £3,142, and it contained in 1801, 253 ; in 1811, 272 ; 
in 1821, 290 ; in 1831, 278 ; in 1841, 272; and in 1851, 217 inhabitants. 
W. B. Beaumont, Esq , is lord of the manor. Rose's Bower is a hamlet in 
this township, occupying a romantic position on the brink of lofty precipices, 
in the vicinity of which the Wark forms a small cascade, and adds much to 
the beauty of the scene. In this neighbourhood is a mineral spring, whose 
waters are said to be very efficacious in cases of agues, gravel, and other 
obstructions. Latterford is another hamlet situated one mile south of the 
village of Wark. 



Eobson John, corn miller 
Farmers 

Marked * are Yeomeu 
Armstrong John, Craig Shield 
Bell Joseph, Mortley 
Bell Jacob. Eaven's Clough 
♦Benson Wilham, Linacres 
Brougham William, Woolley Bog 
Charlton Cuthbert, Longlee 
Little Jane, West Quay-gate 
Mole Joseph, Hole House , 
Nixon Joseph, High Eose's Bower 



* Nixon Eobert 

Eobson Henry, Cold Coates 

Eobson William, W^est Quay-gate 

Smith Eichard, Woodley 

Snowball George, Low Stead 

♦Thompson Jane, Burnmoor 

Thompson John, Goftou 

♦Thompson John, Nether Eose's Bower 

♦Thompson John, Gofton Eield Head 

♦Thompson John, Ash 

♦Usher John, Hetheringtou 

Usher John, Latterford 



878 TINDALE WARD— WEST DIVISION. 

TINDALE WAKD.— WEST DIVISION. 

HiVLTWHISTLE PARISH. 

Haltwhistle parisli comprises the townships of Bellister, Blenkinsopp, 
Coanwood (East), Featlierstone, Haltwhistle, Hartley Burn, Henshaw, Melk- 
ridge, Plainmeller, Ridley, Thiiiwall, Thorngrafton, and Wall Town. It is 
bounded on the north by the wastes of North Tindale, on the west by Cumber- 
land, on the south by the parishes of Kirkhaugh and Lamesley, and on the 
east by those of Wark, Simonburn, Warden, and Whitfield. It is about 
twelve miles in length, by the same in breadth, and contains an area of 
55,229 acres. The population in 1801, was 2,930 ; in 1811, 3,335 ; in 1821, 
3,583; in 1831, 4,119; in 1841, 4,655 ; and in 1851, 5,379 souls. The 
Newcastle and Carlisle Railway passes through the parish, and has stations 
at Haltwhistle, Bardon Mill, and Greenhead. Coal is abundant in this district, 
and is extensively worked at Hartley Burn, Midgeholme, Barcombe, More- 
wood, and Birkshaw ; there are also several stone quarries. The South Tyne 
intersects this extensive parish from Featlierstone Castle to the mouth of the 
river Allen, and is crossed by a good bridge at Haltwhistle, and by another at 
Featlierstone, about three miles above the town. The banks of the South 
Tyne, for an extent of ten miles, present some of the most beautiful and 
picturesque sceneiy in this part of England. Several pleasing views may 
also be obtained in the vale of the Tippal, which extends from the Glenwhelt 
to the Tyne, and the scenes on the Allen, though rather circumscribed, are 
peculiarly romantic, exhibiting beautiful curvatures formed by the serpentine 
course of the stream, vrhich is bounded by rocks, and overhung with woods. 
A great portion of this district consists of extensive moors, which form a 
striking contrast with its rich haughs and cultivated lands. 

THE TOWN OF HALTWHISTLE. 

Haltwhistle is a township and market-town in the parish of the same 
name, the property of John Clayton, Esq., Dixon Dixon, Esq., and Colonel 
Coulson. Robert Bower, Esq., and Miss Charlotte Heron are the possessors 
of the manorial rights and privileges. The township contains 2,759 acres, 
and its rateable value is £4,117. Population in 1801, 453 ; in 1811, 751 ; 
in 1821, 707 ; in 1831, 1,018 ; in 1841, 984 ; and in 1851, in consequence of 
the formation of a railway, and the enclosure of common land, it had attained 
to 1,420 souls. 

The Town of Haltwhistle is pleasantly situated on an eminence, on the 
north side of the South Tyne, fifteen miles west of Hexham, and 315 N.N.W. 
of London. It is but indifferently built, but there are here two turreted 
buildings, and at the east end of the town is an eminence called Castle Banks, 
which is of an oval form, and has a fine spring in the centre. At the east 



THE TOWN OF HALTWHISTLE. 879 

and west ends there are four distinct terraces raised one above the other ; the 
summit of the hill is defended by a breastwork of earth, and on the sonth bj 
an inaccessible precipice rising p.bruptly from the river, and forming a kind of 
amphitheatre. The ancient Roman fort, Vvhitchester, is situated near the 
river, and is defended on three sicTes by steep and rugged glens. Haltwhistle 
is one of the polling places for the southern division of the county. Various 
trades are carried on here, but the only manufacture is a coarse kind of 
baize. A market was granted to this town by King John, in the year 1970. 
The market day is Tuesday, and fairs, chiefly for horned cattle, horses and 
sheep, linen, woollen, and Scotch cloth, are held on the 14th May, the 17th 
September, and the 22nd November. Hirings for servants take place 
on the 12th May and the 11th November. 

This town was plundered by some Scottish outlaws in the year 1598, for 
which they were severly punished by the Lord Warden of the Middle 
Marches. The following is the Lord Warden's account of the affair, " The 
first thing they, (the outlaws) did, was the taking of Haltwesell, and carrying 
away of prisoners, and all their goods. I sent to seek justice for so great a 
wrong. The opposite officer sent me word it was not in his power, for that 
they were all fugitives, and not answerable to the King's laws. I acquainted 
the King of Scots with this answer. He signified to me that it was true, and 
that if I could take my own revenge without hurting his honest subjects, he 
would be glad of it. I took no long time to resolve what to do, but sent some 
two hundred horse to the place where the principal outlaws lived, and took and 
brought away all the goods they had. The outlaws themselves were in strong- 
holds, and could no way be got hold of. But one of the chief of them being 
of more courage than the rest, got to horse, and came pricking after them, 
crying out and asking ' what he was that durst avow that mighty w^ork,' one 
of the compa,ny came to him with a spear, and ran him through the body, 
leaving his spear broken in him, of which wound he died. The goods were 
divided to the poor men from whom they were taken before. This act so irritated 
the outlaws that they vowed cruel vengeance, and that before next winter was 
ended, they would leave the whole country waste. His name was Sim of Cat- 
hill (an Armstrong) that was killed, and it was a Ridley of Haltwesell that 
killed him. They presently took a resolution to be revenged of that town. 
Thither they came and set many houses of the town on fire, and took away all 
the goods, and as they were running up and down the streets with lights in 
their hands to set more houses on fire, there was one other of the Ridleys that 
was in a strong-house, that made a shot out at them, and it was his good hap 
to kill an Armstrong, one of the sons of the chiefest outlaw^ The death of 
this young man wrought so deep an impression amongst them, as many vows 
were made, that before the end of next winter they would lay the border 
waste. This was done about the end of May, 1589." 

The Chuech, dedicated to the Holy Cross, occupies a delightful situation 
on the south side of the to^vn, where the churchyard forms a fine terrace, 
commanding a beautiful and varied prospect of the surrounding country. It 
is a very ancient edifice, and consists of nave, aisles, and chancel : the latter is 



880 TINDALE WARD-^WEST mVISlON. 

neatly furnished with oaken pews. Several members of the ancient family of 
Blenkinsopp have been interred here. Within the chancel is a tomb, on 
which is sculptured a crosier of excellent workmanship, and highly orna- 
mented, and also the staff and scrip of a pilgrim. Of the person whose remains lie 
beneath this tomb, nothing whatever is kifown, his name and fame are alike 
buried in oblivion. There is also a tomb belonging to one of the Kidley 
family. The living, a vicarage in the archdeaconry of Northumberland and 
deanery of Hexham, is rated at £12 3s. l|-d., gross income £727, net income 
£593. Patron, the Bishop of Durham ; incumbent, the Rev. W. Ives, M.A. 
The Presbyterians, Primitive Methodists, and Wesleyans, have also chapels 
here. 

Haltwhistle School was founded by the will of Lady Capel, in 1719, 
and has an endowment of £37 10s. per annum, for which the children of the 
poor are taught at a limited charge. 

Here is a Mechanics' Institution which was established in 1848, and 
now contains a library of 1,200 volumes, in the various departments of 
literature. 

The County Couet is held once a month. — Judge, James Losh ; clerk, 
Henry Ingledew ; assistant clerk, Robert Bell ; bailiff, William Wilson. 

The Haltwhistle Poor Law Union comprehends seventeen parishes 
and townships, including an area of 83,861 statute acres, and a population, in 
1851, of 7,286 souls. The parishes and townships are Bellister, Blenkinsopp, 
Coanwood, Featherstone, Haltwhistle, Hartleyburn, Henshaw, Kirkhaugh, 
Knaresdale, Lambley, Melkridge, Plainmellor, Ridley, Thirlwall, Thorn- 
grafton, Wall-Town, and Whitfield. The Union Workhouse is a plain 
stone edifice, erected in 1840, and is capable of accommodating about sixty 
persons. The number of inmates at present (1854) is twenty-six. Edward 
Dowley, master; Ann Dowley, matron; Robert Elliott, surgeon; Robert 
Pickering, clerk ; and George Pickering, relieving officer. 

Charities. — Besides the school, this parish possesses the following chari- 
ties. A rent charge of £2 per annum, bequeathed in 1710, by Nicholas 
Ridley, and a rent charge of £3 a year left by Mr. John Robson, in 1790. 
These charities are the property of the poor, and are distributed in accordance 
with the declared intentions of the donors. 

HALTWHISTLE DIRECTORY. 

Post Office, Haltv/histle. — John Lowes, postmaster. Letters arrive from London 
and Carlisle, at 11-14 a.m., and from Newcastle and Gateshead, at 12-10 noon. The 
mail is despatched at 2-55 p.m. 

Miscellany Craig Wm. manager, Haltwhistle Brewery 

Armstrong Mrs. Ann Craig William, watchmaker 

Baty Miss Elizabeth Excise Office, Crown Inn, Heniy Drew, 
Bell Mr. Thomas officer 

BeU William Forster Mary, bonnet maker 

Bro^yn Margaret, milliner Hadfield George, varnish manufactm^er 

Carrick Robert, brewer Harrison Ealph, colhery overlooker 



HALTWHISTLE DIEECTORY. 



881 



Hodgson John, painter 

Ives Rev. William, Yicarage 

Jackson Heury, blacksmith 

Keen Joseph, nail manufacturer 

Lowes John, saddler 

Maddison R. R. manager of coal, &c. works 

Madgen William, woollen manufacturer, 
Green Croft, works at Bard on Mill 

Mechanics' Institution. — William Nor- 
man, Hbrarian 

Slurray John, draper 

Nanney Mrs. Barbara Middleton, Hall 
Meadows' 

Nelson & Co. brick, &c. manufacturers 

Parkas Robert, superintendent constable 



Pattinson John, woollen manufacturer 

Pickering William, corn miller 

Reay Robert, dealer in millinery 

Saint Joseph & Son, woollen manufacturers 

and dyers 
Smith Mr. Robert, Rose-villa 
Smith J. S. T. W. chemist and druggist 
South Tyne Colliery Company, coal 

owners, lime burners, &c. 
Steel Matthew, tin-plate worker 
Stephenson Rev. James 
Stokoe Mrs, Hannah 
Welton John, rakemaker 
Whitfield Joseph, station master 
Winter Mrs. Catherine, Hall Meadows 



Academies and Schools 

Charity School, vacant 
'\Vells Ebenezer 

Booksellers & Stationers 

Clementson John, & dealer 

in paper hangings 
Norman William, and printer 

and bookbinder 

Boot and Shoemakers 

Baty Robert 
Birket Michael 
Crowe William 
Oliver and Snowdon 
Ridley John 

Butchers 

Liddle Robert 
Wilkinson George 

Cartwrights and Joiners 

Liddle Robert 
Martin John 
Smith Joseph 
Wilkinson Thomas 
Wood John 

Cloggers 

Henderson Joseph 
Pratt Joseph 
Scott William 

Coopers 

Pearson George 
Robson Robert 
Walker John 



Farmers 
Marked * are Yeomen. 
Blenkinsop John 

* Blenkinsopp Robert, Porto- 

bello 
Dryden Hugh 

Dry den Thomas, Comb Hill 
Elliott William, Cross-bank 
Lowes George, Calf Fields 

* Makepeace Robert, Town- 
foot Farm 

* Pratt William, Comb Hill 
Saint James 

Scott John, Wood Head 
Tweddell Isaac, Spital 
Telford Hannah, Fell House 
White William, Lees Hall 
Wilkinson Thomas 

Grocers & Dealers in Sundries 

Armstrong Ann 

Bell Ann and Mary 

Bell Peter 

Bell Robert, and druggist 

Blenkinsop John, and iron- 
monger 

Carr Mark 

Dryden Hugh 

Forster Nicholas W. & nur- 
seryman 

Johnston Eleanor 

Kirk George 

Maughan Thos. New Bridge 
End 

Oliver & Snowdon, & drapers, 
ironmongers, & provision 
merchants 

Robson John 

Saint James, 
and draper 

Smith John 



& ironmonger 



Storey William 
Teasdale John 
Walton Isabella & Mary 

Inns & Taverns 

Black Bull, Ann Gordon 
Blue Bell, William Irving 
Groion, Sarah Saul 
Greij Bull, Robert Pattison 
Manor House, James Smith 
Old Bay Horse, W. Wanless 
Sun, Thomas Kirkley 
Spotted Cow, Mark Wilton 

Beerhouse 
Armstrong John, Commons 

Stonemasons 

Armstrong Thomas, Mile- 
stone House 
Brown Joseph 
Graham John 
Rowell Joseph 
Saint James 
Wa,tson John 

Surgeons 

Elliott Robert 
Garner John H. 
Smith William 
Taylor Robert 

Tailors 

Oliver Robert 
Ridley Edward 
Tallantyre T. B. 

Temperance Hotels 
Lovatt William, Railway 
Ord Jane 

Saint James, & commercial, 
New Hall 



889 



TINDALE WARD — WEST DI7IS10N. 



C.4EEIES, William Armstrong to Carlisle on Mondays, to Hexham and Newcastle on 
^YednescIaJS. 

Belltster, a township comprising 988 acres, is situated one mile south 
west by south of Haltwhistle, and its rateable value is £902. The number 
of inhabitants in 1801, was 88; in 1811, 90; in 1821, 118; in 1831, 120; 
in 1841, 116; and in 1851, 131 souls. Cuthbert Ellison, Esq. is the prin- 
cipal landowner and lord of the manor. Bellister Castle, is a rude 
structure of irregular form, occupying an artificial mount, and was foi-merly 
defended by a moat. The whole structure is now a mass of ruins without 
ornament or beauty, possessing none of that grandeur or sublimity so often 
associated with the remains of fallen greatness. The castle was the seat of 
a younger branch of the Blenkinsopp family, by whom it was possessed in the 
reigns of Edward VI. and Elizabeth. 

Park is a village in this township, two miles north-east of Haltwhistie, and 
contains a Wesleyan Methodist Ghapel, which was erected in 1830, at a cost 
of about £100. 



Martin William, joiner, Park 
Snowdon Elizabeth, shopkeeper, Park 
Snowdon Hannah, schoolmistress, Park 
Snowdon Jacob, joiner, Park 



Farmers 

Pickering John, Wydon 
Snowdon Thomas, yeoman, Park 
AYaugh Isaac, Linshield 
Waugh John, Broomhouses 



Carrier to Newcastle. — Mattthew Pddley, on Wednesdays. 

Blenkinsopp, a township two and a half miles west of Haltwhistie, com- 
prises an area of 4,919 acres, and its rateable value is £3,758 63. 7d. Popu- 
lation in 1801, 196; in 1811, 252; in 1821, 317; in 1831, 344; iul84], 
845 ; and in 1851, 796 souls. Colonel Coulson of Blenkinsopp Hall is 
principal proprietor and lord of the manor. Here are extensive coal and lime 
works, carried on by the Blenkinsopp Coal and Lime Company. Blenkin- 
sopp Castle is a strong square tower built upon vaults, on an eminence 
south of the Tippal, and has been defended by a deep dry ditch on the north 
and west, on the south by a ri\Tilet, and on the east by a steep bank. This 
fortress was the seat of the ancient family of Blenkinsopp, who were notorious 
for the part they took in the border feuds. We find it possessed by Ralph de 
Blenkinsopp in the reign of Edward I., by Thomas de Blenkinsopp in the 
reign of Edward III., and in the reign of Ehzabeth, it was held by William 
Blenkinsopp, under the honour of Langley, pajdng annually for all services 
six shillings and eightpence, one half at Martinmas, and the other at Whit- 
suntide. Tt was subsequently transfeiTed by marriage to the Coulsons, with 
whom it has since continued. A school was established here in 1839, hy the 
Blenkinsopp Coal and Lime Company, for the education of the children of 
their workmen. 

Angerton is a hamlet in this township, three miles west by north of Halt- 
whistle. Greenhead, a village in this township, is situated about three and a half 
miles west by north of Haltwhistie, and possesses a neat Chapel of Ease, erected 
in 1827, from designs by Mr. Dobson of Newcastle, upon gi'ound given by 
Colonel Coulson. The total cost of erection was upwards of £800. It is 



SALTWHiSTLE PAEISS. 



883 



fifty-four feet Ly twenty-five, with a small tower, aud is lighted by lancet- 
shaped windows, those on the east being decorated with the arms of the see 
of Durham, the Earl of Carhsle, and Colonel Coulson, besides other devices. 
Glenwhelt forms the eastern suburb to this village, with wdiicli it is connected 
by a bridge across the Tippal rivulet. The Roman station Carvoran is in 
the vicinity, and will be found fully described at page 33. 

Red-Path, and Wydon are both hamlets in this township, situated res- 
pectively two miles west by south, and one mile west south-west of Halt- 
whistle. 

Blenkinsopp Coal and Lime Company, 
John Whaley, agent; ho. Blenkinsopp 
Castle 

Bell Isaac, grocer 

Borrow William, grocer 

Coulson Colonel John B., Blenkinsopp 
Hall 

Graham 'William and John, hlacksmiths, 
Greenhead 

Grieve Thos. t merchant, Glenwhelt 

Hewitson Joseph, shopkeeper 

Johnson John, innkeeper. Red Lion Inn 

Lennox John, schoolmaster 

Lennox Priscilla, schoolmistress, Green- 
head 

Mason Eobert, stationmaster 

Milburn John, shopkeeper 



Nelson George, innkeeper, Coulson Arms 

Benwick William, tailor 

Eowell Jeremiah, grocer 

Scott Eobert, cartwright 

Whaley John, agent, Blenkinsopp Castle 

Parmers 

Marked * are yeomen. 
Armstrong Margery., Branchend 
Calvert John, and innkeeper, Glohe Inn^ 

Glenwhelt 
*Carrick John, Carvoran 
*Errington Edward, Low Glenwhelt 
Makepeace John, and overseer, Wry Tree 
Pattinson Edward, Waterloo 
Eutherford Thomas, Lampert 
Welsh William, Wydonclough 



CoANWooD, a township comprising 2,042 acres, the property of several 
resident farmers, is three miles south of Haltvvhistle, and its rateable value 
is £952 10s. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 151 ; in 1811, 175; 
in 1821, 165; in 1831, 156; in 1841, 139; and in 1851, 152 souls. 
G DEBET Hill is a hamlet in this township, situated three and a half miles 
south of Haltwhistle. Here is a Meeting House of the Society of Friends, 
erected in 1760. Ramshaw, High and Low are also two hamlets in Coanwood 
township three and a half miles south of Haltvvhistle. Wolf Hill is another 
hamlet three miles south by east of Haltwhistle. 



Wigham Jacob, miller, Low Hill 
Farmers 

Marked * are yeomen. 
*Bell John, West Stone House 
Birkett Wilham, Garcock 
♦Charlton John, Burn House 
Clemitson John, Wolf Hill 
♦Dickinson John, East Stone House 
Edgar John, Green Syke 



Hutchinson Matthew, and builder. Mill 

Hill 
Maughan Eoger, Dykes 
Oliver William, Garbutt Hill 
*Pattinson John, Garbutt Hill 
Eobson William, Burnt Walls 
Wallace Thomas 
♦Wigham Eobert, Hargill House 
♦Wigham Thomas, Low Mill 
Wigham William, Coldsliield 



Hetherington Thomas, Low Byer 

Featherstone township is situated three miles south-west of Haltwhistle, 
and comprises an area of 2,844 acres, the rateable value of which is £1,967 
10s. The population in 1801, was 197; in 1811, 2J9; in 1821, 239; in 
in 1831, 274; in 1841, 205 ; and in 1851, 314 souls. The Earl of Carlisle 

3 H 2 



88^ TINDALE WARD^WEST DIVISION. 

is lord of the manor ; and the principal landowners are the trustees of the 
Hon. J. Hope Wallace, who have also extensive saw mills here. Feather- 
stone Castle is most picturesquely situated near the South Tyne, opposite 
the confluence of the Hartleyburn. It was formerly the seat of the ancient 
family of Featherstonehaugh, who were its possessors as early as the reign of 
Edward I., when it was the property of Thomas de Featherstonehaugh, and 
in the reign of Edward IL, Alexander and Thomas de Featherstonehaugh, 
are recorded as its proprietors. Sir Albany Featherstonehaugh had opulent 
manors and possessions, and w^as High Sheriff of the county in the reign 
of Elizabeth. His eldest son Henry, who, at the beginning of the reign of 
James I., was appointed receiver-general of all the King's revenues in Cumber- 
land and Westmoreland, had issue a son, Timothy, who, during the civil wars 
in the reign of Charles I., espoused the royal cause, and raised a troop of 
horse at his own expense. For his gallant conduct he was knighted under 
the King's banner, but was taken prisoner at the battle of Worcester, in 1651, 
after which he was beheaded at Bolton, in Lancashire, and the manor of 
Featherstonehaugh was sold by the parliament to the Earl of Carlisle; but the 
castle and estate came afterwards into the possession of Matthew Feather- 
stonehaugh, Esq., of Newcastle, from whom it has descended to the present 
proprietors. 

Horse Close is a hamlet in this township, four miles south-west of Halt- 
whistle. Kellah is another hamlet in this township, four miles south-west by 
west of HaltvYhistle. Rowfoot is also a hamlet in Featherstone township, 
three miles south-west of the same place. 

Carrick George, shopkeeper, Hillis Close Farmers 

Clark John, agent to the trustees of the 
late Hon. James Hope Wallace, Feather- 
stone Castle 

Bohson William, ^dct. Pitman's Arms, 
Kellah 

Dickinson Emerson, gamekeeper, Hall 
Bank Head 

Hutchinson Eobert, beerhouse, Eowfoot 

Hutchinson William, huilcler, Kellah 

Little George, shopkeeper and butcher, 
Highburn Foot 

Nixon John, manager of Saw Mills 

Parker Elizabeth, shopkeeper, Kellah 

Smith Eev. P. G. 

Stranger W. stationmaster 

Waugh John,heerhouse, Kellah 

Wright George, blacksmith 

Hartleyburn, a township four miles south-west of Haltwhistle, comprises 
2,676 acres, the property of Messrs. Whitfield, and its rateable value is 
£789 12s. 6d. The number of inhabitants in 1801, was 74; in 1811, 77; 
in 1821, 92 ; in 1831, 161 ; in 1841, 288 ; and in 1851, 460 souls. Cuthbert 
Ellison, Esq., is lord of the manor. Here is an extensive tile manufac- 
tory, carried on by John Edgar & Co. Hartleyburn colliery, in this town- 
ship, and Midgeholme Colliery, near the confines of Northumberland and 



Marked * are yeomen. 
Birket Miles, Watch Trees 
Coulson Matthew, Blacklocks, Burnfoot 
*Dobson Pdchard and William, Kellah 
Hudspeth Cuthbert, Horse Close 

* Hutchinson Matthew, Eowfoot 
*Hutchinson William, Eowfoot 
Lee Joseph, Eowfoot 

Little George, Low Burnfoot 

* Parker Thomas and Joseph, Kellah 
Proud Edward, Eowfoot 
*Teasdale Ann, Kellah 

Snowdon William, Kellah 
Tweddle George and Thomas 
Tweddle James 
Watson Thomas, Highburn Foot 



HALTWHISTLE PAEISH. 



S85 



Cumberland, are worked by Mrs. Maria Thompson, and afford employment 
to about 400 persons. 

Modlin Jonathan, grocer and provision 

merchant, Halton Lea Gate 
Thompson Mrs. Maria, coaloNvner, Hartley- 
burn and Midgeholme Collieries, Thos. 
Dobson and Wallace Bell, managers 
Todd Thos. farmer. Green Eidges 
Walton Jacob, farmer, Green Eidges 
Whitfield John, yeoman, Byers Hall 
Whitfield Thomas, yeoman, Foulpots 



Bell Joseph, farmer, Halton Lea 

Bell Wallace, vict. Morpeth Arms Inn, 

Halton Lea Gate 
Dobson John, farmer, Clover Hill 
Dobson Thos. coal agent, Halton Lea Gate 
Edgar John and Co., tile manufacturers, 

Hartleyburn Tile Works 
Henderson Henry, manager of tile works, 

Halton Lea Gate 

Henshaw is a township and hamlet, the property of Sir Edward Blackett, 
John Clayton, Esq., Sir Thomas Claveriug, Nicholas Lowes, Esq., of Allen's 
Green, Mr. Richard Thompson, and others. The township comprises an area 
of 11,255 acres, and its rateable value is £4,316 12s. 6d. The number of 
inhabitants in 1801, was 568 ; in 181], 509; in 1821, 593; in 1831, 619 ; 
in 1841, 569; and in 1851, 615 souls. Sir Edward Blackett is the possessor 
of the manorial rights and privileges. The Hamlet of Henshaw is situated 
four miles south-west of Haltwhistle, and possesses two Chapels belonging 
respectively to the Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists. The former was erected 
in 1840, and the latter in 1836. 

Baedon Mill, a hamlet in this township, four miles and three-quarters east 
of Haltwhistle, derives its name from a flannel manufactory, which is carried 
on by William Madgen and Son. Here is a station on the Newcastle 
and Carlisle Railway. 

Geeenlev is another hamlet in this township, five miles north-east of Halt- 
whistle. In this neighbourhood there are four extensive loughs, or lakes, 
viz., Broomley Lough, Little Cow's Lough, Crag Lough, and Grindon Lough, 
all of which, except the last, are in the township of Henshaw. On the north 
side of Greenley Lough are several stupendous crags, from which some of 
the finest blocks of stone in the county are obtained. Bonney RiGaHALL, 
in this township, serves as a temporary residence for Sir Edward Blackett, 
during the shooting season. Towhouse, a hamlet in this township, is four 
miles east of Haltwhistle. 



Post Oppice, Baedon Mill Station. — John Harrison, postmaster. 
from Newcastle and the South, at 11-55 a.m., and from Carlisle and the 



Letters arrive, 
West, at 11-28 



a.m 
3-2C 



they are despatched to Carlisle, 
p.m. 

Askew William, wood-hailiff, Kingswood 

Cottage 
Bell Eobert, stonemason, Bank Head 
Graham Mr. Thomas, Tow House 
Harding John, blacksmith, Tow House 
Jackson Mr. John, Hardriding 
Harrison John, station master, Bardon Mill 
Henshaw School, Eobert Parker, teacher; 

ho.Prudhoe Castle 
Pattinson Ann, milliner and straw bonnet 

Btaker, Eedburn 



&C.J at 3-10 p.m., and to Newcastle and the South at 



Madgen William & Son, woollen manu- 
facturers, Bardon Mill ; ho. Green 
Croft, Plaltwhistle 
Eidley Andrew, gamekeeper, Bonney Eigg 
Eobiuson William, wood-baihif, Joe House 
Eobson Geo. blacksmith. Twice Brewed 

Boot and Shoemakers 

Burkitt George, Bardon Mill 
Johnson John 
Knott Joseph, Eedburn 
Smith Matthew, Henshaw 



886 



TIND^iLE WAED WEST DIVISION. 



Cartwrights and Joiners 

Cook William, Tow House 
Forster William, Tow House 
Henderson Thomas, Tow House 
Kirk Walter, T\Aice Brewed 
Makepeace John, Tow House 
Pattison Thomas, Eedburn 
Shield George, Bardon Mill 
Thompson Francis, and cabinet maker, 
Tow House ; ho. Henshaw 

Corn Millers and Merchants 
Keed Eobert & Son, Plankey Mill 
Eidley James, Bardon Mill 

Farmers 

Marked * are Yeomen 
Armstrong John, Hindley Steel 
Armstrong John, Braidley Hall 
Armstrong Margaret, Hardriding 
Armstrong Walter, Scotscoltherd 
Armstrong WilHam, Bogg 
Armstrong William, Bent's House 
Bell Anthony, Scotscoltherd 
Coats Isabella, Seatsides 
Cook John, Eufler's Close 
Cook Joseph, Eedburn 
Cook WilHam and John, Shawhead 
Dodd Barbara, Gibb's Hill 
♦Harding Thomas, Henshaw 
Hedley Ealph, Waterhead 
Henderson William, Hunter Crook 
Johnson John, Kingswood Hall 



*Laidlea John, Bank Head 
Liddell Christopher, Brockellee 
Lowes Thomas, Galleshaw Eigg 
Lowes William, Grin don Green 

* Makepeace Nicholas, Eamshaw Field 
Maughan John, Parkside 

Nixon John, Greenlee 
Pattinson Jonathan, Hardriding 
Pickering George, and registrar of births, 
deaths, and marriages, and relieving 
officer for Haltwhistle Union, Stone Hall 
Eeed Eobert & Son, Plankey MiU 
Eidley James, Bardon Mill 

* Smith Cuthbert, Brovm Eigg 
*Sraith Edward, Cornholmes 
♦Thompson Eichard, Tow House 
♦Thompson Thomas, Seatsides 
Woodman Edward, High Shield 

Grocers and Dealers in Sundries 

Bell Elizabeth, Low Winshields 
English Ann 

Forster William, Tow House 
Goodfellow Archibald, Eedburn Hill 
Kirk Walter, Twice Brewed 
Eobinson Margaret, Tow House 

Inns and Taverns 

Blue Bell, John Eidley, Tow House 
Grey Hound. John Morrow, Bardon Mill 

Jane Bell, Twice Brewed 

Thomas Elliott, Twice Brewed 



Caeeier. — ^Archibald Goodfellow, to Newcastle, on Thursdays. 

Melkridge is a townsliip and hamlet comprising 4,451 acres, tlie property 
of Sir Edward Blackett, John Clayton, Esq., Thomas Clavering, Esq., and 
Robert Carrick, Esq., the former of whom is lord of the manor, and holds 
his court at Wood Hall, once in every three years. Population in 1801, 226; 
in 1811, 263, in 1821, 288; in 1831, 347; in 1841, 290; and in 1851, 
264 souls. The rateable value is £3,141 5s. Near to the South Tyne, in 
this township, is the Eoman military post, Whitchester, which occupies a 
site defended on three sides by steep and rugged glens. High Town is a 
hamlet in this township, one mile and three-quarters east of Haltwhistle. 

Armstrong Mrs. Eleanor 

Armstrong William, vict. Three Horse Shoes 

Batey John, tea dealer 

Bell Mrs. Ann 

Carrick Eobert, spirit merchant 

Carrick E. M. spirit merchant. Croft House 

Fairlamb Elizabeth, shopkeeper 

Hall Martin, schoolmaster, Cowburn 

Lowes Mr. Nicholas 



Mallabarr Captain G.High Town 



Nixon William, joiner 

Smith Miss Elizabeth, Whitchester 



Parmers 
Marked * are Yeomen 
Armstrong George, Edge's Green 
Armstrong William, Edge's Green 
Bell Eobert 
Dodd Walter 
Fairlamb Ehzabeth 



HALTWHTSTLE PARISH. 887 



*Liddell Eobert, Melkridge 
Little William, Wealside 
*Lowes John 
* Nixon William 
Eidley Ann 
Eobson Thomas 
Usher John 
Y^^inter Thomas 



Fairlamb Hugh 

Fidler William, Langhey Pdgg 

Henderson Adam 

Hepple Thomas, Eell House 

Hudspith John, Cowbm'n Eigg 

Johnson Margaret, High Town 

Lee John, Melkridge 

Liddell John, Hallpeat Moss 

Liddell P. J. Soak Hill 

Carrier. — ^William Armstrong, to Carlisle, on Monday, and to Newcastle, on 
Wednesdays. 

Plainmellor is a township and village, tlie property of Dixon Dixon, Esq,, 
of Unthank Hall, who is also lord of the manor. The township comprises 
an area of 4,904 acres, and its rateable value is £1,655 ]8s, 4d. The 
number of inhabitants in 1801, was 136 ; in 18U, 174 ; in 1891, 184 ; in 
1831, 160; in 1841, 130; and in 1851, 171 souls. The Village of Plain- 
mellor, which derives its name from a mountain in the neighbourhood, is 
situated on the south side of the Tyne, half a mile south-east of Haltwhistle. 
Unthank Hall, in this township, is a substantial stone edifice, the seat of 
DLxon Dixon, Esq. 



Armstrong William, blacksmith 
Dixon Dixon, Esq. Unthank Hall 

Fanners 
Bell William 
Co-^ving John 



Elliott John 
Forester William 
Little Eobert 
♦Robson George 
Teasdale William 
"Woodman John 



KiDLEY township is the property of Sir Edward Blackett, who is also lord 
of the manor, Mrs. Davison, and Nicholas Lowes, Esq. It contains 4,388 
statute acres, and its rateable value is £2,657. Population in 1801, 191 ; in 
1811,205; in 1821^231; in 1831, 233 ; in 1841, 258 ; and in 1851, 245 
souls. Ridley Hall, which is situated on the south side of the Allen, at a 
short distance from Beltingham, derives its name from the Ridleys, of Wil- 
limoteswick, to whom it formerly belonged. It was afterwards the seat and 
lordship of the ancient family of Lowes, with whom it remained till 1812, 
when it became the property of Thomas Bates, Esq., but is now possessed by 
Mrs. Davison. . The mansion occupies an eminence, five and a half miles 
east by south of Haltwhistle, in the midst of the most beautiful and picturesque 
scenery to be found in this part of the country. 

Allen's Green is a hamlet in this township, four miles east by south of 
Haltwhistle. 

Beltingham is another hamlet, situated five miles east by south of Halt- 
whistle. Here is a small chapel, which is claimed as the domestic chapel of 
the lord of the manor of Ridley. The living is in the gift of the vicar of 
Haltwhistle, and incumbency of the Rev. James Ord Clark. There is also a 
school and library, George Wright, teacher and librarian. 

Willimoteswick is a hamlet and estate, in Ridley township, situated four 
miles east by south of Haltwhistle. Here are extensive ruins of the Castle, 
which was anciently the seat of the Ridley family, whose lineal descendants 



TINDALE WAED-^WEST DIVISION. 



now reside at Blagdon. It is the property of Sir Edward Blackett, and is 
occupied by Mr. Joseph Reaj Spraggon. 

♦Dickinson George, Wool House 
Little James, Hotbank 
Makepeace John, Brierwood 



Clark Kev. James Ord 

Davison Mrs. Susan E. H. Eidley Hall 

Drummond Alexander, draper and grocer, 

Eidley 
Lowes Nicholas, Esq. Allen's Green 
Makepeace Mr. William, Penpeugh 
Wallace Thomas, joiner and cartwright, 

Eidley 
Woodman Matthew, blacksmith, Gold Hill 
Wright George, schoolmaster & Ubrarian, 

Beltingham School ; ho. Eidley 

Farmers 

Marked * are Yeomen 
Armstrong Eobert, Hotbank 



Maughan Nicholas, Midgeholme 
♦Pearson John 
Pearson Thomas 
Pearson William 
* Eidley John 
Eidley Matthew 
Eobson Edward, East Hotbank 
*Eobson Hannah, Penpeugh 
Spraggon Joseph Eeay, WiUimoteswick 

Castle 
Usher George 
Wallace Thomas, Partridge Nest 



Bushby Jacob 

Thtrlwall township, which contains eighty scattered houses, and the 
haralet of Foultown, extends from the Tippal Burn, four miles W.N.W. of 
Haltwhistle, to the river Irthing, which separates it from Cumberland. It 
comprises an area of 7,944 acres, and its rateable value is £3,069 7s. 9d. The 
population in 1801, was 322 ; in 1811, 282; in 1821, 293 ; in 1831, 328 ; 
in 1841,394; and in 1851, 425 souls. The Earl of Carlisle is principal 
proprietor, and lord of the manor.* Thirlwall Castle, which has long been 
in ruins, stands on the west bank of the Tippal, at a short distance west of 
the point where that rivulet is crossed by the great Koman Wall. This 
fortress was for many generations the property of a family that bore the local 
name, but was subsequently transferred by marriage to Matthew Swinburne, 
Esq., of Capheaton, who sold the castle and manor to the Earl of Carlisle. 

Foul Town is a hamlet in this township, four miles W. N. W. of Halt- 
whistle. 



Bell John, joiner 
Davison Thomas, innkeeper 
Douglas Mary, shopkeeper 
Graham James, beerhouse 
Hariison William, blacksmith 

Farmers 
Armstrong George 
Bell John 
Borrow Nicholas 
Blenkinsop George 
Bramwell Barbara 
Hudspith John 



Hetherington Thomas, tailor & shopkeeper 

Norman John, station master 

Smith Thomas, shopkeeper & butcher 

Snowdon John, joiner 

Wilson John, miller 



Graham William and John, 
Long Byer, & Burnt Walls 
Nixon James 
Owen Thomas 
Patrich Margaret 
Peacock William 



Pearson Robert 
Eobson William 
Smith John 
Smith Thomas 
Teasdale John 
Waugh George 



Thorngeafton is a township and small village, comprising 3,103 acres, 
the property of Sir Edward Blackett, Mrs. Davison, Miss Hedley, Edward 
Woodman, Esq., and a number of freeholders. The rateable value is £2,474 
5s., and the manorial rights and privileges are possessed by the Duke of 
Northumberland, and Sir Edward Blackett. The number of inhabitants in 
1801, was 239; in 1811, 238; in 1821, 247; in 1831, 263; m 1841,372; 



KTBKHAUGH PARISH. 



889 



aud in 1851, 305 souls. There are three collieries in this township, viz. : — 
Barcomhe Colliery, Morewood Colhery, aud Birkshaw Colliery, the latter 
having been recently opened. There are also extensive sand and ironstone 
quarries. Within the manor of Thorngrafton and Ridley, is the Forest of 
Lowes, usually called Ridley and Hotbank Commons, until they were divided 
and enclosed by act of parliament, in 1748. Housesteads, the Borcovicus of 
the Notitia, is situated in this to^vnship. For a full description of this station 
see page 3] . The Village of Thorngrafton is five and a half miles east by 
north of Haltwhistle. 

Mill House, a hamlet in this township, is situated four and a half miles 
east of Haltwhistle. 

Thompson Thomas, miller 
AVoodman Matthew, blacksmitli, Gold Hill, 
Eidley, and Thorngrafton 
Farmers 
Marked * are yeomeu 
Atkinson Wilham 
Baty James 

Bell John, Westend Town, Thorngrafton 
Dickinson Nicholas, Birkshaw 
Lee Robert, Mill House 
Mallabar Christopher Harrison, Westend 

Town, Thorngrafton 
Maughan William, High Meadows 
Reed J. and miller 
Reed William, High Braidley 
Sharp John, Birkshaw 
Usher William, Whitshields 
*Woodman Edward, Thorngrafton 
*Woodman John, Thorngrafton 
Woodman Nicholas, Crowhall 



Bell Thomas, butcher 

Burn Ann, ^^ct. Fox and Hounds 

Coulson Mr. Thomas 

Coats John, blacksmith 

Dickinson Nicholas, builder and coalowner, 
Birkshaw Colliery 

Makepeace John, coalowner, &c. ( W. Make- 
peace & Co.) ; ho. West Wood Cottages 

Makepeace Francis, shopkeeper and shoe- 
maker 

Makepeace WilHam & Co, coalowners, lime 
burners, and iron and sandstone quarry 
owners, Barcomhe Colhery and Quarries 

Makepeace Wilham, grocer, Mill House 

Nevin William, tailor 

Pratt Mr. Thomas, Mill House 

Robson and Coates, shopkeepers 

Sterling George, coalowner, Morewood 
Colhery ; ho. Crindle Dykes 

Thoekgbafton School, Jas. Burn, teacher 

. Wall Town township comprises 2,956 acres, the property of G-. H. Coulson, 
Esq., who is also lord of the manor. It is situated two and a half miles 
north-west of Haltwhistle, and its rateable value is £1,263. The population 
in 1801, was 89; in 1811, 120 ; in 1821, 109 ; in 1831, 96 ; in 1841, 85 ; 
and in 1851, 81 souls. This township is intersected by the Roman Wall, and 
contains the remains of the stations of Vindolana, and JEsica, which will be 
found described at pages 32 and 33. 
Robson Thonias, gamekeeper 



Farmers 

Armstrong Alexander 
Armstrong James 
Dixon Robert AUolee 



Lowes Edward 
Sisson Thomas 
Smith John 
Snowball William 
Wilkinson John 



KIRKHAUGH PARISH. 

This parish occupies the south-western extremity of the county, and is 
bounded on the north and west by Knaresdale, on the south by the parish of 
Alston, in the adjoining county of Cumberland, and on the east by Whitfield. 
It comprises an area of 6,665 acres, the property of various owners, and its 



890 



TINDALE WARD — WEST DIVISION. 



rateable value is £1,355 5s. The population in 1801, was 275; in 1811, 
339; in 1821, 286; in 183 i, 309; in 1841, 221; and in 1851, 285 souls. 
The manorial rights are vested in the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital. 
This is a mountainous district, and is intersected by the South Tyne, which 
rises near Alston, in Cumberland. About half a mile south-west of the parish 
church, on the farm called Castle Nook, is the site of a Roman station, 
supposed by some antiquarians to be the Alione of the Notitia, but subse- 
quent inquiries have shown this supposition to be groundless. It occupies an 
irregular descent, inclining to the east, and its walls enclose an area of nearly 
nine acres. It is overlooked by hills on the w^est, where it is defended by 
ten breastworks and trenches, which have also flanked the north-west and south- 
west sides, two of them extending around the whole area of the station. 
Several " Roman Remains" have been found here. The Maiden Way passes 
near the eastern wall of the station, which is now covered with irregular heaps 
of ruins. 

The Parish Church is a small unpretending edifice, situated on the east 
side of the South Tyne, two and a half miles north by west of Alston, and 
nine and a half miles south by west of Haltwhistle. The living is a dis- 
charged rectory in the archdeaconry of Northumberland and deanery of Hex- 
ham, valued in the Liber Regis at £4 7s. 8^d. returned at £55, gross income, 
£70. It is in the patronage of — Sanders, Esq., and incumbency of the 
Rev. Octavius James, M.A. The parish register commences in 1686. In 
connexion with the church is a day school, which was established in 1854. 

Charities. — This parish possesses two charities, one amounting to £2 
10s. per annum, left by some person unknown, for education ; the other, 
amounting to £2 a jesiv, by John Stephenson, in 1759, to be distributed 
annually amongst eight poor widows of the parish. 

Ale is a hamlet in this tov/nship, situated one mile and a half east by 
south of Kirkhaugh Church. Lintley is also a hamlet in this township, one 
mile east by south of the same place. Whitlow is another hamlet two miles 
south-west of the parish church. 

Fletcher Mrs. Isabella 
Harrison Thomas, stonemason 
Irving James, innkeeper 
Eidley William, miller 

Fanners * Lee Thomas 

Marked * are Yeomen. Lee Walton 

Asker Joseph * Lee Wihiam, Ale 

Birkett John Nixon Eobert 

Birkett Philip Parker Thomas 

Hutchinson Thomas Eobson Maiy 

Jackson Thomas Smith Thomas 

Larah William Stobart Simon 

* Lee John Tarn Levi 



Snowdou Mr. John 
Todd Hiigh, shoemaker 
Whitfield John, dogger 



Teasdale James 

* Todd Thomas 
Walton John 

* Walton Joseph, Underbank 
Walton Henry 

* Walton William 
Watson John 
Watson Joseph 
Y/hitfield Thomas 



KNARESDALE PARISH. 
Knaresdale parish, comprising the villages of Eals, Burn Stones, Slaggy- 
ford. Town Green, and Williamstou, occupies a wild mountainous tract, at 



KNARESDALE PARISH. 891 

the soutli-westeni extremity of Northumberland, and is bounded on the north 
by Lambley, on the v^-est and south by Cumberland, and on the east by Kirk- 
haugh parish. It comprises an area of 7,144 acres, the property of the 
trustees of the late Hon. James Hope Wallace, and others, who also claim 
the manorial rights, and its rateable value is £2,712 5s. The number of its 
inhabitants in 18ul, ^Yas 481; in 1811, 526; in 1821, 564; in 1831, 566 ; 
in 1841, 491; and in 1851, 917 souls. It is supposed to derive its name 
from the Knare-burn which intersects the parish. The forest of Knaresdale 
was anciently very extensive, and well stocked with red deer ; the breed, how- 
ever, is now nearly extinct. Snope Well is a medicinal spring, and was for- 
merly held in great repute. Besides the Knare-burn, this district is watered 
by three other rivulets, viz. : — the Thinhope, Thomhope, and Barrough- 
burns. 

The Parish Church is situated on the west side of the South Tyne, six 
miles N.N.W. of Alston, in Cumberland, and seven and a half miles S.S.W. 
of Haltwhistle. It is an ancient edifice, without much pretension to archi- 
tectural elegance, and the ground around it seems to have been covered with 
buildings. The living is a discharged rectory in the archdeaconry of Northum- 
berland and deanery of Hexham, valued in the Liber Regis at £i 18s. 9d., 
gross income £135. The patronage is vested in the Crown, and the Rev. 
Henry Rewsher is rector. The parish register commences in 1695. The 
Wesleyan Methodists have a small chapel here. The School has an 
endowment of £Q 10s. per annum, from the trustees of the late Hon. James 
Hope Wallace. 

Charity. — John Stephenson, in 1759, left a rent charge of £2 per annum, 
to eight poor widows of this parish. 

Knaresdale Hall, which stands near the Church, and is now" occupied by 
a farmer, was anciently in the possession of the Pratts, from whom it was 
transferred, by Edward L, to Sir Robert de Swinburne. The manor of 
Williamston, held of the manor of Knaresdale, was also given to Sir William de 
Swinburne, and was confirmed to him by its previous owner, Bartholomew Pratt, 
Esq. In the reign of Elizabeth, we find the manor of Knaresdale, with the 
adjoining estates, possessed by William Wallace, Esq., of Copeland Castle ; but 
one of his descendants, Ralph Wallace, sold them to John Stephenson, an 
alderman of Newcastle, of whose son this manor was purchased by Mr. Wallace, 
of Featherstone, from whom it has descended to the present proprietors. 

Burn Stones is a hamlet in this township, a quarter of a mile north of the 
parish church. Eals is a small village situated on the east side of the south 
Tyne, six miles S.S.W. of Haltwhistle. Slaggyford is another village, one 
mile south of the parish church. Town Green is also a village in this parish, 
situated a quarter of a mile south of the church. Williamston gives name 
to an estate and hamlet on the east side of the South Tyne, one mile and a 
half south of the parish church. 

Post Office, Town Geeen. — Thomas Henderson, jpostmaster. Letters anive, from 
Alston, at 2 p.m., and are despatched at 8 a.m. 

3 I 



893 



TINDALE WAED — WEST DIVISION. 



Armstrong John, shoemaker 

Armstrong John, cooper 

Armstrong Margaret, shopkeeper 

Bewsher Eev. Henry, B.A. Rectory 

Bell James, tailor 

Birkett Joseph, innkeeper, and farmer, 

Slaggyford 
Birkett William, grocer 
Brown T. shopkeeper 
Bywell John, miller 
Cawthorn Thomas, marine store dealer 
Gill Mrs. Frances, Williamston 
Green Thomas, nail manufacturer, Merit 

Hall 
Henderson John, parish clerk. Town Green 
Henderson Thomas, grocer & game dealer. 

Town Green 
Hunter Thomas, shoemaker 
Lee Joseph, butcher 
Lowes Messrs. John & William, Eals 
Millican John, schoolmaster 
Nixon Mary, innkeeper 
Parker John, grocer, Eals 
Parker William, station master 
Pattinson George, stonemason 
Ridley Thomas, grocer 
Robinson Matthew, blacksmith 
Robson George, innkeeper, Railway 
Robson Thomas, shopkeeper 
Rutherford William, railway inspector 
Tinneswood Jonathan, joiner 
Tweddell John, innkeeper. Burn Stones 
Tweddell Richard & Anthony, blacksmiths. 

Burn Stones 
Watson John, joiner, Slaggyford 



Farmers 

Marked * are Yeomen 
Armstrong John, Eals 
Armstrong Robert, Intax 
Armstrong Robert 
Baxter Robert, Greenhaugh 
Bell Sarah, Intax 
Birkett Joseph, Slaggyford 
Cowing Thomas, Eals 

* Dickinson John, Eals 
Dixon Joseph 

Elliott Simon, Hanging Shaw 
Greave John 

Greave Robert, Aullas Hill 
Green John, Barns 

* Hudspith Edward, Eals 
Hutchinson Thomas 
Jackson John, Thomup 
Moore Thomas, Softley 
Norman Jane, Thornup 

* Parker John, Eals 

* Parker Matthew, Eals 

* Parker William 
Ridley Joseph 
Ridley WilUam 

Ridley William, Knaresdale Hall 
Stephenson Joseph, andhme burner, Craig 
Head 

* Stephenson Robert, Barastown Foot 
Steph(^nson Samuel, Merry Know 
Stephenson William, MeiTy Know 
Teasdale Joseph, and mason 
Teasdale Matthew 

Thompson John, Williamston 
White Thomas 



LAMBLEY PAKISH. 

This parish comprises the joint townships of Lambley and Asholme, 
whose united area is 2,698 acres, and rateable value £1,489. The popula- 
tion in 1801, was 209; in 1811, 254; in 1821, 261; in 1831, 252; in 1841, 
249 ; and in 1851, 365 souls. The landowners are Robert R. Allgood, Esq., 
who is also lord of the manor, and Henry Whitfield, Esq. This district is 
very beautiful, being interspersed with fine woods, and ornamented with thriving 
plantations, on each side of the South Tyne, which here rolls over rugged 
stones, and down the ledge of shelving rocks, forming a striking contrast with 
the extensive heaths of the neighbouring district, which is studded with lofty 
mountains. The only remains of antiquity in this parish, is the old fortress 
of Castle-hill, which is situated opposite to Harper Town, and defended on 
three sides by the natural slope of the river bank, and on the fourth, by a 
dry trench of some depth. The Alston and Haltwhistle branch line of rail- 
way crosses the river Tyne, at the east end of this parish. The viaduct is 
upwards of 1 10 feetinheight, thirty-five feetin breadth at thebase, and eighteen 



LAMBLEY PARISH. 



893 



feet at the top. It has nine main arches of sixtj-six feet span each, and seven 
smaller ones of twenty feet span each. Lambley Colliery, in this parish, is 
worked by Mrs. Maria Thompson. 

There was formerly an abbey of Benedictine nuDs here, which was founded 
by King John, or Adam de Tindale. We are informed, by Dugdale, that 
" King John, in 1200, confirmed a grant of Adam de Tindale and Heloise, his 
wife, to Grod, St. Mary, St. Patrick, and the nuns of Lambley, of right of 
pasturage on both sides of the Tyne,in their manor of Lambley, and the chapel 
of Sandiburnesele, with four acres of land in the same place, and the tithes and 
offerings ; as also the donations of Benering, and Sandiburnesele made by 
Helias, nephew of the said Adam." The nuns subsequently became pos- 
sessed of a fifth part of the village of Wyden, and certain possessions in New- 
castle. The Scots, in 1296, destroyed this convent and ravaged the neigh- 
bourhood, but it was afterwards restored, and at the period of the suppression 
of the religious houses, the community numbered six members, whose annual 
revenues amounted to £5 15s. 8d. In the reign of Edward IV., it became 
the property of Dudley, Earl of Northumberland, but on his attainder it re- 
verted to the Crown, and we find it forming a portion of the estate attached 
to Featherstonehaugh Castle, in 1567. It subsequently became the property 
of the Allgood family, with whom it still remains. Camden tells us that in 
his time the Tyne ran amongst the walls of the nunnery, but every vestige of 
the conventual buildings have long since disappeared. The Paeish Church, 
an ancient and plain structure capable of accommodating about 120 persons, 
is situated on an eminence about four miles S.S.W of Haltwhistle. Its register 
commences in 1742, The living is a donative or extra-parochial vicarage in 
the gift of Robert Allgood, Esq., and incumbency of the Uev. Robert 
Greenwood, of Blyth. 

AsHOLME, on the east bank of the Tyne, is a joint township with Lambley» 
with which place its population, acreage, &c. are returned. Harper Town 
is a hamlet near the parish church, and was formerly a considerable village, 
but was destroyed by the frequent inroads of the Scots. 



Cant William, stationm aster 

Carrick Francis, schoolmaster, Lane Head, 

Asholme 
Dent William, stationm aster, Shaft Hill 
Dayson William, miller, Asholme 
Henderson John, wood bailiif, Lane Head, 

Asholme 
Hymers John, joiner, Asholme 
Oliver Cuthbert, blacksmith, Lane Head, 

Asholme 
Pattison, Mrs. Mary, Lane Head House, 

Asholme 
Pearson Rbt. cooper. Lane Head, Asholme 
Eobson Thomas, vict. Chapel, Asholme 
Storey Thos. schoolmaster, Harper Town 



Farmers 
Bowman Henry 
Brown Isaac, and shopkeeper, Woodhouse, 

Asholme 
Hutchinson John, yeoman, Town's Bank, 

Asholme 
Lee Joseph, Low Herdley 
Moore Jacob, Withara, Asholme 
Eidley James, and shopkeeper, Asholme_ 
Robson John, Quickhouse, Asholme 
Eobson Thomas, Woodhouse, Asholme 
Stobart George, Asholme 
Teasdale Thomas, Mosshouse, Asholme 
Telford John, Asholme 
Wallace Matthew, Leagey Close, Asholme 
Whitfield Henry, yeoman, Hai-per Town 



^94 • TINDALE WAED— WEST DIVISION. 



WHITFIELD PARISH. 



Whitfield parish is bouiided ou tlie north and west by the parish of Halt- 
whistle, on the south by that of Allendale and the county of Cumberland, and 
on the east by Allendale parish. It comprises an area of 12,125 acres, and 
its rateable value is £3,561 10s. The number of inhabitants in 1801, 
was 393; in 1811, 330 ; in 1821, 289; in 1831, 388; in 1841,333; and 
in 1851, 340 souls. William Ord, Esq., is lord of the manor and owner of 
the soil. This parish consists, in a great measure, of imcultivated moorlands, 
on w^hich numerous flocks of sheep are grazed, and is partly intersected by 
the streams of the East and West Allen, which unite at Cupola. Lead ore- 
was formerly procured in considerable quantities from a mine at Limestone 
Cross, and smelted at Cupola. There is a spring strongly impreguated with' 
iron, at Redmires, and the road from Alston to Haydou Bridge runs through 
the palish. Hodgson tells us that in 1749, scarcely more than a century ago, 
*'the roads through this parish were mere trackways, and the principal 
employment of the people was the conveyance of lead ore to the neighbouring 
smelt-mills, in sacks, on the backs of ponies. There was not a cart in the 
country. The farms were very small — seldom above twenty pounds a-year, 
and the dwelling-houses and farm offices upon them, of the most wretched 
description." The greater portion of these have been pulled down and re- 
placed by large and substantial farmhouses, and commodious offices, mills, &g. 
have been erected, and a turnpike-road made through the parish. 

The manor of Whitfield was granted by William, King of Scotland, to the 
priory of Hexham, of which it was held by a family that bore the local name, 
at an annual rent of 1 6s. 4d. It remained in the possessions of the Whitfields 
for many generations, but was ultimately sold by Thomas Whitfield to the 
Ord family, with whom it still continues. 

The Parish Chuech is situated on the north side of the Hexham and 
Alston Road, eleven miles W.S.W. of the former place, and is a small neat 
stmcture, rebuilt about the year 1813. The chancel window is of stained 
glass, ornamented with the armorial bearings of the Ord family. The parish 
register commences in 1612. The church contains about 300 sittings, the 
whole of which are free and unappropriated. The living is a discharged 
rectory, in the archdeaconry of Northumberland and deanery of Hexham, 
valued in the Liber Regis at £8 ; gross income £400 ; it is iu the patronage 
of William Ord, Esq., and incumbency of the Rev. Thomas Hobbes Scott, 
M.A. Whitfield School is endowed with £20 per annum by William Ord, 
Esq. A LiBEARY was established at the Lodge in 1847; John Laing is 
librarian and secretary. 

Whitfield Hall, the seat of William Ord, Esq., occupies a pleasant 
situation near the chm^h on the West Allen. It is a neat and substantial 
building, rebuilt about eighty years ago, when the adjoining estate wasgi'eatly 
improved by enclosures and plantations. 

Chaeity. — Nicholas Wilkinson, of Patten House, bequeathed a rent 
charge of £6 10s. per annum to the poor of this parish. 



BEDLlNGTONSHiRE. 



895 



Bear's Bridge is a hamlet in this parish, eleven and three quarter miles 



W.S.W. of Hexham 



Post Office, Whitfield, Edward Eobson, 2>ostinasfer. Letters arrive, from Alston , 
at 10 a.m. and from Hay don Bridge, at 1-30 p.m.; they are despatched at 10 a.m. and 1-30, 
p.m. 



Carss Job, blacksmith 

Dixon Bell, schoolmaster 

Henderson John, manager of tile works, 

Whitfield Tile Works 
Johnson John, joiner and cartwright, and 

grocer. Bear's Bridge 
Nixon William, shoemaker 
Ord miliam, Esq., Whitfield HaU 
Eidley George, blacksmith 
Eobson Edward, innkeeper, farmer, and 

cornmiller 
Scott Rev. Thomas H., M.A., rector 
Taylor John, bailifi" to Wm. Ord, Esq., 

Whitfield Office 
Treacher Henry, tailor 



Farmers 

Davidson James 

Bushby Thomas 

Dickinson John 

Dickinson John 

Henderson John, Ouston 

Hunter William and Edward 

Johnson Jacob, Dodbank 

Lee John, Morley Hill 

Lee Thomas, Todd Burn 

Eobson John, Dyke-row 

Nichol Scott, Agar's Hill 

Stobart John and Thomas, Mains Eigg 

Summers John, Park Head 

Walton Jane, Loning Side 

Walton Joseph 

Winter William, Fell House 



BEDLINGTONSHIRE. 

Bedlingtonshire is situated at the north-east corner of Castle Ward, and i§ 
hounded on the north by the river Wansbeck, on the west by the parishes of 
Morpeth aaid Stannington, on the south by the river Blyth, and on the east 
hy the German Ocean. It comprises the townships of Bedlington, Camboise, 
Choppington, Netherton, Sleekburn (East), and Sleekburn (West), whose 
united area is 9,011 acres. The population in 180J, was 1,422 ; in 1811, 
1,488; in 1821, J,862; in 1831, 2,120; in 1841, 3,155; and in ]851, 
5,101 souls. The hundred of Bediingtonshire and the parish of the same 
name are co-extensive. 

We possess no authentic information regarding the proprietorship of this 
parish, anterior to the commencement of the tenth century, when we find 
that it was purchased by Cutheard, the second Bishop of Chester-le- Street, 
who added it to the possessions of the see. Subsequent to the removal of the 
bishopric to Durham, it still continued to form an integral part of the pala- 
tinate, possessing its own courts and officers of justice, who were appointed 
under the bishop's commission, until the reign of Henry VIIL, when the 
Crown resumed this privilege, and ordained that in all matters of law and civil 
jurisdiction, Bediingtonshire was to be considered a member of the county of 
Durham. This ordinance remained in force till October, 1844, when, in pur- 
suance of the Acts 7 and 8 Vict., c. 61, it became a portion of the county of 
Northumberland. 

The ancient records inform us that lands in this parish were formerly 
held of the Bishops of Durham, by the fixmilies of Elliott and Hertford, by 



896 BEDLINGTONSHIRE. 

fealty, and the payment of a small rent, though the great majorit}^ of the 
inhabitants held theirs by servile tenures. During the civil wars, the possessions 
of the see of Durham having been sold by order of the Parliament, this manor 
was pui'chasedby Robert Fenwick, Esq., who, on the restoration of the regal 
power, was obliged to restore it to its original proprietor. For parliamentary 
purposes Bedlingtonshire is included in the borough of Morpeth. 

Bedlington is a township and considerable village in the parish of the 
same name, the property of W. W. Burden, Esq., George Marshall, Esq., 
and others. The area of the township is returned with that of the parish, 
and its rateable value is £7,031 15s. The Bishop of Durham is lord of the 
manor. Here are several stone quarries, three colheries, and the Bedlington 
Iron Works, which rank among the oldest and most extensive in the north of 
England. They afford employment to a great number of persons, who are 
engaged in the manufacture of chain cables, bolts, bar and sheet iron, and 
other articles. The Glebe Colliery is worked by Longridge and Co., and the 
Bedlington Colliery by Davidson and Co. These two establishments employ 
respectively 200 and 400 persons. 

The Village of Bedlington is pleasantly situated on the summit and slope 
of an eminence, about four and a half miles S.S.E. from Morpeth, and consists 
principally of one long and irregular street, forming a kind of sloping avenue 
from the river Blyth, which is navigable for small craft to the Bedlington 
Iron Works, about a mile east of the village. The Church, dedicated to St. 
Cuthbert, whose remains rested here for one night, in J 069, is a small Gothic 
structure, enlarged and repaired in 18 1 8, at which time the workmen employed 
in these repairs and alterations discovered, on the north side of the Church, 
three grave stones, ornamented with crosses and swords in the style of the 
eleventh or twelfth centuries, and one of them had the request " Ora pro 
nobis" upon it. In pulling down the north wall, there was also brought to 
light a fragment of a pillar, fourteen inches long, on which the remains of an 
inscription to the following effect were plainly discernible " Crvx, or Lvx 
Vndtque Fvlget Amata." In addition to the above, there were found the 
remains of a man, supposed to be those of Cuthbert Watson, a well known 
somnambulist, who was killed upon the spot w^here they were discovered. He 
had risen in his sleep, February 14th, 1669, and was in the act of climbing 
the north buttress of the tower, apparently with great ease and firmness, 
when a person, who was passing by at the time, dreading the danger of the 
poor man's situation, spoke to him, and he awoke, fell, and w^as instantly 
killed. This story is supported by the traditions of the place, by an entry 
said to be in the parish register, and by the above date, and the words 
"Watson's Wake," cut upon the buttress. The register of this parish com- 
mences in 1654. The living, a vicarage in the archdeaconry of Northumber- 
land and deanery of Newcastle, is valued in the Liber Regis at £13 6s. 8d. ; 
gross income £455. The patronage is vested in the Dean and Chapter of 
Durham. Rev. Edward C. Ogle, vicar ; Rev. Robert Taylor, curate. The 
Baptists, Presbyterians, Primitive and Wesleyan Methodists, have commodious 
places of worship in the village. 



BEDLTNGTONSHIRE. 



897 



The Mechanics' Institution, which comprises a news-room, and a good 
jibrary, was established about five or six years ago by a few young men of the 
village, aided by the Earl of Carlisle, the Bishop of Durham, the Eev. E. C. 
Ogle, vicar. Captain Howard, and A. R, Fenwick, Esq,, J, P. ; James Gibson, 
and John B. Gribb, secretaries ; Robert Young, librarian. 

The Court House, situated near the centre of the village, is a substantial 
and suitable building, containing a lockup, consisting of two apartments. 
Robert Drummoud, superintendent constable for Bedlingtonshire district, is 
court keeper. Petty Sessions are held here once a month : the Rev. E. C. 
Ogle; M. J. F. Sidney, Esq., of Cowpen Hall; Sir M. W Ridley, Bart, 
Blagdon ; A. R. Fenwick, Esq. ; and W. W. Burdon, Esq., are the presiding 



The village stands much in need of a more copious supply of water, the 
limpid element being only obtainable from a few pumps and wells, wdaich often 
become dry during the summer months. Sanitary improvements, and the 
introduction of gas are much to be desired. The ruins of an old hall are 
visible on the south side of the village. 

Post Office, Bedlington. — John Urwin, postmaster. Letters arrive here, from 
Morpeth, at 10-10 a.m., and are despatched thereto at 2-35 p.m. Money Orders are issued 
and paid here. 



Atkinson Eev. Nathaniel, incumbent of 

Horton 
Aynsley Jacob, saddler 
Carr John, agent 

Charlton Thomas, joiner and cartwright 
Charlton Edward, nailmaker 
Darling William, builder, Sheepwash 

Guide Post 
Davison and Partners, Bedlington Colliery 
Drummond Eobt. superintendent constable 

for Bedlingtonshire, and court keeper 
Elsdon James, grocer and draper 
French William, brewer and malster, and 

London porter merchant 
Gibson Ann, chain and nail manufacturer, 

and ironmonger 
Landless John, painter 
Longridge James, Esq. 
Maclaren Benjamin, L.E.C.S. Edinburgh 



Marshall George, Esq. ^ 

Murray George, sm-geon 

Ogle Rev. Edward C. vicar, Vicarage 

Oliver Richard, builder 

Singleton Thomas, builder 

Smith Mr, Henry 

Spencer Mr. James, ironmaster, Bedlington 

Iron Works 
Soulsby Richard, registrar of births, deaths, 

and marriages, relieving officer, &c. 
Taylor Rev. Robert, curate 
Thompson William, constable, & surveyor 

of highways 
Uniteii Kingdom Tempeeance&Geneeal 

Provident Institution, James Gibson, 

agent 
Urwin John, chemist, druggist,&postmaster 
Waldie Thomas, clock and watchmaker 



Academies & Schools 
Duncan George 
Fisher William 
Gibb John 
Turnbull John 

Blacksmiths 
Gibson Ann, & nail manfctr 
Oliver Ralph 
Soulsby Robert Henry, and 

agricultm-al implement 

maker 
Watson John 



Wilson William 

Boot and Shoemakers 
Foggin WilUam 
Lee Thomas 
Rutter Thomas 
Singleton Henry 
Soulsby Thomas 
Stoker Edward 
Swan William 
Thompson Nichol 
Wilson Henry 
Young William, & librarian 



Butchers 

Cole Thomas 

Dobson Joseph 

Dowson John 

Foggin John 

Orange Joseph 

Swan Robert, and faiiner 

Farmers 

Ayusley Joseph,HowlettHall 
Bell George,BroadwayHouse 
Clark William, Wind Mill 



893 



BEDLINGTONSmRS. 



Cuny John, Bedlington-lane 

House 
Emery Alex. Glebe Farm 
Lamb William, Eed House 
Lamb Luke 

Swan Robert, and butcher 
Wilson Femyick, Hirst Head 

Grocers & Provision Dealers 
Marked * are also Drapers 

Bell Jane, di-aper only 

Brown Mrs. 

*Briggs Samuel 

Davison John 

Dawson James, Bedlington 
Iron Works 

*Ditchburn Jane A. 

^Dickinson William 

Dobson Joseph 

Dobson Robert 

Elsdon James 

Gledston Mary 

Gibson Ann, and nail and 
chain manufacturer 

James John 

Johnson Ann 

K3'le Mary 

Swan Mary 



Thornton Edwd. and miller 
*Wilks James 

*Taylor John, and merchant 
tailor, Bedlington ColHery 

Inns and Taverns 
Black Bull, Mary Dunn 
Blue Bell, Mary Gray 
Bridge Inn, John Ridley 
Dun Cow, Jacob Smith 
Grapes, Edward Moore 
Howard Arms Inn, John 

Can- Petrie 
Masons' Arms, Richd. Oliver 
Bed Lion, William Charlton 
Sun, John Watson 
T»r/c's 7Iea^,Thos.Mallaburn 

Beerhouses 

BroAvn Thomas 
Dryden Jane 

Graham Chrif'topher, Bed- 
lington Colliery 
Green WiUiam 
Kinghora George 
Lee Thomas 
Simm Frances 
Soulsbv John 
Telfer WiUiam 



Walkinshaw Thomas 

Joiners 

Charlton Thomas 

Lang] an ds Henry, & cabinet 

maker 
Maughan Joseph 
Younger Joseph 

Milliners and Dressmakers 
Forster Hannah 
McKay John 
Soulsby Isabella 
Patterson -r- — 
Philips Catherine 

Stonemasons 
Dees William 
Gordon Robert 
Ohver Richard, and builder 

Tailors 

Gray Thomas 
Gutbrie Nicholas 
Hr.dson George 
Smith John 
Shepherd Thomas 
Soulsby John 

Taylor John, and draper and 
grocer, BedlingtonCoUiery 



An Omnibus leaves the Howard Arms Inn, 
daily, to meet the trains on the York, 
Newcastle, and Berwick Railway, at 
Netherton Station. 



Conveyances 

Bltth & Tyke Railway, from the Station 
at Bedlington Colliery, for the conveyance 
of passengers and merchandise. John 
Skurr, station master. 

Caeeiees. — To Newcastle, George Fenwick, Thomas Kenny, and John Swan, on 
Tuesdays and Saturdays. To Morpeth, Edward Stokoe, on Wednesda}vS and Saturdays. 

Camboise is a township and hamlet containing 868 acres, the property of 
Sir Matthew White Ridley, Bart , of Blagdon. The population is returned 
with the parish. The rateable value is i:789 10s., and the soil is principally 
a strong clay, ^delding good crops of wheat, The Hamlet of Camboise is 
situated on the coast at the mouth of the Wansbeck, four miles north-east 
from the village of Bedlington. It is occasionally visited by small vessels 
with cargoes of draining tiles, and other articles for agricultural purposes; 
the return cargoes of these vessels are principally confined to stone from the 
Ashington quarry. The village of North Blyth is also situated in this town- 
ship, on a small peninsula, at the mouth of the river Blyth. This township 
was formerly held by a family that assumed the local name, from whom it 
passed to the Cambhouses, Ellynghams, and the Earl of Westmoreland, 
coming ultimately into the possession of the present proprietor. In the 
immediate vicinity of this township, there are two ledges of rocks, called 
respectively the Camboise ridge, and the Rowcars ; the former situated about 
half a mile to the east of the mouth of the Wansbeek, are left dry at low 



B EDLINGTONSHIRE. 



890 



water ; the latter are also left dry at low water, though there are five fathoms 
of water close beside them. 

On the 15th September, 1809, Mr. J. Storey of Camboise, who had been 
out fishing at sea for his amusement, returned in the evening, and immediately 
proceeded home to announce his arrival to his family, when his two daughters, 
one aged fourteen, the other aged twenty -two years, proposed to accompany 
him to the shore, in order to assist in securing the boat. The eldest daughter 
and father proceeded towards the boat, while the younger staid at a distance 
with the light, which suddenly disappearing, the other sister went to ascertain 
the cause, when, melancholy to relate, the WTetched father never beheld them 
again alive. It is supposed that they got on a quicksand at the edge of the 
river and sank. Their bodies were found on the following day. The un- 
happy father overcome with grief for the loss of his daughters, put an end to 
his existence on the 25th of the following October, by throwing himself into 
the river with a large stone tied about his waist. He left a widow and six 
children. 

Directory. — ^W. R. Crawford, farmer and shipowner ; Eleanor Ruther- 
ford, Saracens Head Inn ; Mr. Short, innkeeper, North Blyth ; Richard 
Wheatley, Brown Bear Inn, High Pans. 

Choppington is a small township, the property of M. W. Dunn, Esq., 
J. H. L. Gable, Esq., and others. It is distant four miles east by south from 
Morpeth, and its rateable value is dGl,234 10s. 



Darling William, builder, Sheepwasli Guide 

Post 
Fenwick Thomas, gardener, Botbal Hangh 
Gray John, joiner and cartwright, Sheep- 
wash Guide Post 
Hall Arthur, grocer, Sheepwash Guide 

Post 
Hogarth Jno. grocer, &c. Sheepwash Guide 

Post 
Lowes George, blacksmith, Sheepwash 

Guide Post 
Overton Thomas, brickmaker, Sheepwash 

Guide Post 
Pringle Jane, beerhouse, Sheepwash Guide 

Post 



Richardson William, shoemaker, Sheep- 
wash Guide Post 
Rutherford Thomas and Ptobert, saw mills 
and corn millers, Sheepwash Guide Post 

Rutherford , beerhouse, Sheepwash 

Guide Post 
Rutter Edward, beerhouse, Guide Post 
Thornton Thomas, market gardener 
Watson John, Anvil Inn, Guide Post 

Farmers 
Dunn WiUiam and Joseph, Cleasewell Hill 
Lowes Robert, North Choppington, 
Lowes Thomas, South Choppington 
Lowes WilHam, East Choppington 



Netherton, or Nedirton, is a township and small village, the property of 
the Earl of Carhsle, and its rateable value is £9,080 15s. The population is 
included in the parish returns. Here is a colliery, which is worked by the 
creditors of John C. Birkinshaw, and affords employment to about 400 persons. 
The Village of Netherton is situated four miles south by east of Morpeth, 
and possesses a fine school, erected and endowed, in 1840, by the Earl of 
Carlisle. It is in the Elizabethan style of architecture, and contains two good 
school-rooms, besides a residence for the teacher. 



Post Office, Nethehton, John Stewart, ^postmaster, 
&t 10 a.m., and are despatched tliereto at 3 p.m. 

3 I 5 



Letters anive from Morpeth, 



90D 



ISLANDSHIRE. 



Brown Jolirj, agent, Hartford Bndge 
Fenwick E. A. Esq. J. P. Netherton Hall 
Lishman \Vm. agent, Netherton Colliery 
Kill John, grocer, &e. NewEow 
Eiddle John, vict. Morpeth Arms Inn 
Smith Joseph, under viewei-, Netherton 

Colliery 
Stewart John, grocer, blacksmith, and post- 
master 



Swan , ^nct. Anglers^ Inn, Hartford 

Bridge 
Turnbuil John, schoolmaster 

Farmers 

Graham Thomas 

Hall Thomas and James, Blue House 
Eobson John, Netherton Moor 
Sadler J. Netherton South Farm 



Sleekburn (East) is a township and hamlet, the principal proprietors of 
Vfhich are Lord Barriugton, and Sir M. W. Eidley, Bart. Its rateable value 
is £680. The Hamlet of East Sleekbum is situated two and a half miles 
north-east of Bljth, and the principal residents are William Dobson, beerhouse 
keeper ; John and George Watson ; and the farmers are Mark Coxon ; 
George Grej, Sleekburn Grange : and John Gray, Mount Pleasant. 

Sleekbuen (West) is a township and hamlet, intersected by the rivulet 
from which it derives its name. The principal proprietors are Lord Barrington, 
and Lord Raveusworth. There is a plantation in this township, con- 
taining about 140 acres. Rateable value, £2,313 16s. The Hamlet of 
West Sleekburn, is situated six miles east by south from Morpeth. 

Directory. — John Dowson, woodman ; Edward Ord, innkeeper ; Thomas 
Patterson, blacksmith; William Watson, yeoman; and the farmers are 
John Clarke, Jane Marshall, John Nicholson, and John Young, Whinney Hill. 



ISLANDSHIRE. 



IsLAKDSHiRE is bouuded on the north by the Tweed, on the west by Nor- 
hamshire, on the south by Glendale and Bambrough Wards, and on the east 
by the German Ocean. It comprises the parish of Holy Island, the three 
parochial chapelries of Ancroft, Kyloe, and Tweedmouth, and the townships 
of Elwick and Ross, which belong to the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of Belford 
parish, Northumberland. See jjage 670,. Its area embraces 36,348 statute 
acres, and its population in 1801, was 6,171 ; in 1841, 8,830 ; and in 1851, 
9,643 souls. The soil of this district is a strong fertile clay, mixed with loam, 
producing excellent and abundant crops. The minerals are lime and coal, 
which are found in considerable quantities. Islandshire was for many ages a 
portion of the county of Durham, but by the Acts of the 7 and 8 Yict., it was 
taken from Durham, and annexed to Northumberland. 



ANCROFT PAROCHIAL CHAPELRY. 

Ancroft is a parochial chapelry, comprising the townships of Ancroft, 
Cheswick, Haggerston, and Scremerston, whose united area is 10,210 acres. 
Population in 1801, 1,144; in 1811, 1,236; in 1821, 1,378; in 1831, 
1,384 ; in 1841, 1,670 ; and in 1851, 1.883 souls. The township of Ancroft 
is the property of Earl Grey and Edward Sibbitt, Esq., the former of whom 



ANCEOFT FAEOCHIAL CHAPELEY. '901 

owns Ancroft, and the latter the village of Greenses. The township was 
anciently possessed by the Colvil family, but during the 14th centuiy it lay 
waste, in consequence of the incursions of the Scots. It afterwards became 
the property of the Greys, by whom it was forfeited, in 1416, on the rebellion 
of Sir Thomas Grey, but was subsequently restored to the family, with whom 
it has since remained. Lady Stanley, of Haggerston, is lady of the manor. 
The acreage, &c., of this township are returned with those of the chapelry. 
Coal and lime abound here, and brick and tile making are carried on to a great 
extent. 

"-'The Village of Ancroft is situated six miles south of Berwick, and ten 
"tniles north of Belford. It appears to have been at one time a place of some 
importance, but " the days of its glories are o'er," and it is now a small 
village. The Chuech is a very ancient structure, erected previous to the 
year 1145, for we find that in that year it was confirmed to the mother 
church of Holy Island, by Pope Eugenius 111. The edifice w^as enlarged 
and thoroughly repaired in 1836, by which means 170 additional sittings 
were obtained, and in consequence of a grant from the Incorporated Society 
for building and repairing churches, &c.. Ill of that number are declared 
free and unappropriated for ever, in addition to 130 formerly provided, 70 of 
which were free. It was formerly subordinate to the vicarage of Holy Island, 
but now enjoys all the privileges of a distinct parish. The register commences 
in 1749. The living, a perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry of Lindis- 
farne, and deanery of Norham, is valued at £17; gross income, £133. 
Patrons, the Dean and Chapter of Durham ; incumbent, the Rev. William 
Hewitt. The Bishop and Dean and Chapter of Durham, and the late Arch- 
deacon of Northumberland, erected at their joint expense a public school 
here, which is now attended by about eighty pupils ; Joseph Graham, teacher. 
The Presbyterians have a neat chapel and school at Ancroft Moor. Rev. 
William Ryder, minister. 

Geeenses is a village in this township, the property of Edward Sibbit, 
Esq., of Greenses House. It is situated one mile and a half north-west of 
Ancroft, and four miles south of Berwick. 

Post Office, Anckoft, Joseph Graham, 'postmaster. Letters arrive, from Berwick, at 
1 p.m., and are despatched thereto at 7-30 p.m. 

Atkinson Eobert, corn-miller and farmer, 

Ancroft Mill 
Bell Adam, farmer ; ho. Ord 
Dods Ann, vict. Board, Carap Houses 



Graham Joseph H. teacher & parish clerk 
Grey George A. farmer, Ancroft Moor ; ho. 

Whitfield Hill 
Hewitt Rev. Wm.incTimhent, Parsonage 
Hogg Thomas, cartwright 
Kerr Thomas, vict. and farmer, Lamh Inn 
Lisle William, farmer, North Farm 
Pinkerton Thomas, farmer, lime burner, 

and brick and tile manufacturer, Steads 



Oswald Thomas, lime- burner, Greenses 
Ray Edward, manager of works, West 

Allerdean 
Sibbit Edward, Esq., Greenses House 
Sibbit John, corn-miller, Allerdean Mill 
Smith George, farmer, Town Farm, and 

Loan End 
Tait Henry, blacksmith 
Tait Henry, schoolmaster. North Moor 
Tait William, farmer, South Moor 
Thompson George, farmer, Oxford 
Wood George, farmer and coal proprietor, 

Allerdean 



Cheswick is a township and village, the property of Robert Grossman, Esq., 



o 
Anderson Jno. registrar of births, deaths, & 

marriages, relieving officer, and assistant 

overseer for Islandshire, Cheswick West 

Hall 
Watson Edward, cartwright 
Watson Harriet and Mary J., dressmakers 

and shopkeepers 



90-2 iSLANBSHIEE. 

John Hemswortli, Esq., and Richard Taylor, Esq. The manor of Cheswick 
was formerly possessed by a family which bore the local name, but through the 
failure of the male line it was transferred by marriage to seyeral families. 
Lady Stanley of Haggerston is the present possessor of the manorial rights. 
The Village of Cheswick is situated about five miles S.S.E. of Berwick. 
Ladythorn House is pleasantly situated on an eminence from which a beautiful 
prospect, embracing Holy Island, the Earn Islands, and the coast from 
Bambrough Castle to Berwick, may be obtained. 

Farmers 

Chisholme G-eorge, Cheswick-buildings ; 

ho. Fenwick Granary 
Knox John, Cheswick Cottage 
Me. Gregor George, Windmill Hill 
Eutherford Edward, and vict. New Inn 
Thompson Pdchard, Cheswick East House 

Haggeeston, a township and hamlet in this chapelry, is the property of Lady 
Massey Stanley, who is also lady of the manor. This township has been the 
property of the Haggerston family from time immemorial. Sir Thomas 
Haggerston, the first baronet, was colonel of the Northumberland regiment, which 
was so distinguished for its attachment to the monarch during the parliamen- 
tary wars. His eldest son John being killed at Ormskirk fight, the second 
son Thomas succeeded to the estates, and his eldest son having attached 
himself to the cause of his monarch, James XL, was killed in Ireland, 
when the family honours devolved upon his grandson Sir Carnaby, and 
on his demise, in 1756, they were inherited by his son Sir Thomas 
Haggerston. He was succeeded, in 1777, by his eldest son Sir Carnaby, 
who married Frances, daughter of William Smythe, Esq., by whom 
he had issue one daughter. She was married in January, 1805, to Sir 
Thomas Massey Stanley, Bart., of Hooton, in Cheshire, who died in August, 
1841. Lady Massey Stanley resides at Haggerston Castle, a fine mansion 
situated in a spacious park. The old castle of Haggerston was destroyed by 
fire, in 1618, with the exception of one of the towers w^hich still remains, and 
is memorable as being the place where Edward II. receiyed the homage of 
Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, for the earldom of Lincoln, in 1311. Attached 
to the house is a Catholic Church dedicated to Our Lady and St. Cuthbert. 
The Very Rey. Monsignor Charles Eyre, is chaplain. The HA^iLETof Hag- 
gerston is situated six and a half miles S.S.E. of Berwick. 

Post Office, Haggerston. — Isaac Heed, postmaster. Letters anive at 12 noon, and 
are despatched at 8 a.m. 

Boyd John, gamekeeper 
Eyre Very Kev. Monsignor Charles, chap- 
lain 
Main Ignatius, farmer, Brockmill 
Main Thomas, steward, Haggerston Mead 
Murray Thomas, blacksmith 



I 



Mc, Gregor .John, farmer and cornmiller, 
Bridge Mill 

Eutherford Dorothy, farmer, New Hagger- 
ston 

Stanley Lady Massey,^ Haggerston Castle 

Simmons Mr. Thomas, The Barns 



ScREMERSTON is a towuship and yillage, the property of Greenwich Hospi- 
tal. The manorial rights are in dispute between the Hospital Commissioners 



1 



HOLY ISLAND PAEISH, 903 

and Lady Stanley. This estate was formerly the property of the Eadcliffe 
family, but on the attainder of the Earl of Derweutwater, it was given to 
Greenwich Hospital. The Scremerston Colliery is worked by Messrs. Carr & 
Co., and gives employment to 120 persons. The manufacture of lime, bricks, 
tiles, and sanitary piping, is extensively carried on here by Messrs. Carr & 
Co., and R. flail & Co., of Alnwick. The Viliage of Scremerston is situated 
near the sea shore, three and a half miles S.S E. of Berwick. It was 
destroyed by the Scots in the year 1386, but was subsequently rebuilt. The 
Church, dedicated to St. Peter, is a good stone building, with tower and 
spire, in the early English style of architecture, and was erected in 1843, at a 
cost of about £1,000. The living, a perpetual curacy valued at £130 per 
annum, is in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery of Norham. Pa- 
trons, the Dean and Chapter of Durham ; incumbent, the Rev. Hugh Evans, 
M.A. The National School is a neat stone building, erected in 1842, at 
a cost, inclusive of teacher s house, of £400, and is capable of accommodating 
about 130 scholars, average attendance 116. The Commissioners of Green- 
wich Hospital pay £10 per annum towards the support of the school. 

Post Office, Eichabdson's Stead, Sceemekston. — William Lewens, postinaster. 
Letters arrive at 11-30 a.m., and are despatched at 8-15 a.m. 

Blackett William, blacksmith and agri- j Lewens William, grocer, and provision 

cultural implement maker | dealer 

Carr & Co. brick, tile, and sanitary pipe \ Morallee Henry, viewer 

manufacturers, Scremerston Tile Works, \ Pringle Edward, farmer, Borewell 

(0x1 owners, Scremerston Colliery and Kenton David, manager for Carr & Co. 

lime burners. Sea Side Lime Works Scremerston Tile V/orks 

CaiT Thomas, manager for Ft, Hall & Co. Ricliardson Ralph, manager for Carr & Co. 

Evans Eev. Hugh, incumbent. Parsonage Sea Side Lime Works 

Hall R. & Co. brick and tile manufacturers \ Thompson Alexander, farmer Town Farm, 

Hall William, station master i Winter John, manager, Sea Side Brick and 

Hogarth Robert, farmer, Inland Pasture j Tile Works 

Johnson Mrs. Major, Sea Side Houses ' Young William, shopkeeper 

HOLY ISLAND PARISH. 

Holy Islais^d is a parish, comprising the townships of Holy Island, Fen- 
ham, and Goswick, whose united area is 8,296 acres, and its population in 
1801, was 601; in 1811, 675; in 1821, 760; in 1831, 836; in 1841, 809; 
and in 1851, 908 souls. 

Fenham is a township and small village locally situated on the mainland 
opposite to Lindisfarne, hut still forming a part of the parish of Holy Island. 
The township contains three farms, a public house, a corn mill, and a few 
scattered houses. John Joliffe, Esq., of Essex is the owner of the entire 
township. The Village of Fenham is situated five and a half miles north 
by west of Belford, and three miles west of Holy Island. The sands which 
extend from this place to Holy Island, are known by the name of Fenham 
Flats, and are fordable at low water. 

Directory — John Black, farmer, Fenham Hill ; William Cornet, vict. 
farmer and cornmiller, M/ZZ hin; John Edminson, farmer, Fenham Moor; 
and Thomas MathisoQ, farmer. 



904 ISLANDSHIEE. 

GoswicK is a township and hamlet situated contiguous to a small bay of 
the North Sea, and occupying the entrance to the fordable sands between the 
mainland and Holy Island, on which account it is supposed that this place 
and Fenham are retained in the parish of Holy Island. 



Carr John, vict. Salmon Inn 
Dinning Mr. Henry, Broom House 
Dinning Mr. John, Broom House 
Dunbar William and John, farmers, Buttery 
Hall 



Erableton John, auctioneer, appraiser, far" 
mer, and seed merchant, Broom House, 
near Haggerston, by Berwick-on-Tweed 

Smith John, farmer 



Holy Island, a township and village in the parish of the same name, is 
situated in the German Ocean opposite to Kyloe, and is more properly a 
peninsula than an island, being insulated only during high water. It was 
formerly the seat of the bishopric of Lindisfarne, and at present gives name 
to the district of Islandshire in which it is situated. It is distant five miles 
N.N.E. from Belford, and nine S.S.E. from Berwick-upon-Tweed. Holy 
Island is connected with Northumberland by a narrow isthmus, left almost 
dry at the ebb of the tide, when it can be reached by horses and car- 
riages from the mainland, which is two miles distant, though to avoid the 
quicksands in the way a long detour is necessary, which makes the distance 
almost double, but at the flow, the isthmus is entirely covered with water :— - 

" The tide did now its floodmark gain, 

And girdled in the saint's domain ; 

For, with the flow and ebb, its stile 

Varies from continent to isle ; 

Dryshod, o'er sands, twice every day, 

The pilgrim to the shrine finds way ; 

Twice every day, the waves efface 

Of staves and sandalled feet the trace.'' Maemion. 

This island is about two and a half miles long by one mile and a half broad, 
and about nine miles in circumference. The northern side consists princi- 
pally of barren soil and sandhills, and, when north-easterly winds prevail, large 
quantities of sand are frequently driven to a considerable distance from the 
shore. The cultivated part of the island is one continued plain inclining to 
the south-west, and previous to the year 1792, it was used as a stint common, 
but at that period it was enclosed and cultivated. Upon the southern 
and most elevated point of the island there v*^as formerly a castle of great 
strength, beneath which is a harbour, where a life boat is kept, for the pre- 
servation of shipwrecked mariners, and which, on a signal being made from 
Bambrough Castle, instantly puts off to sea in any weather. Limestone is 
abundant on the north side of the island, and iron ore is also found, though 
not in any large quantities. In the year 94 1 , this island suffered very much 
from the ravages of war, and also in 1061, when Malcolm, King of Scotland, 
plundered and harassed the inhabitants. During the civil wars in the reign 
of Charles I., the island was retained and garrisoned by the parliament, and 
after this troubled period nothing remarkable occurred in it till 1 745, when it was 
seized by Launcelot and Mark Errington, for the Pretender. The Erringtons, 



HOLY ISLAND PARISH. 905 

ha^'iug decojed the whole of the garrison, consisting of twelve men, on board 
their ship, rendered them powerless by drink, and by this means were enabled 
to seize the castle, from which, however, they w^ere speedily dislodged by a 
party of the king's troops sent from Berwick. The period of the castle's erec- 
tion is unknown, but, from the great strength of its situation, it was, no doubt, 
used as a place of refuge by the monks, shortly after the erection of the abbey. 
Guns remained upon this battery till 1819, when they were removed by order 
of the government. 

The Village of Lindisfarne is situated at the south-west corner of the 
island, where the land gradually descends towards the sands, which afford 
excellent accommodation for sea bathing, and for mooring the fishing boats 
here employed in catching cod, Ung, haddock, &c., which abound on the coast, 
and whence they are shipped in large quantities to the London market. 
Many new houses have recently been added to the village, which is now much 
frequented, and whose beautiful and romantic scenery, solemn walks, ruined 
cathedral and abbe3^ as well as healthy situation, are highly appreciated. 

The time worn ruins of the cathedral and abbey of Lindisfarne, though 
they have frequently been plundered for the erection of houses in the village, 
are yet magnificent, and show very plainly the former grandeur and magni- 
ficence of the " sacred isle," where Christianity was first permanently 
established in Northumbria. The cathedral, like most others in the country, 
was a cruciform structure : the nave and chancel are still standing, but the 
other parts of the edifice are a heap of mouldering ruins. The greater por- 
tion is in the rude and heavy style of the early Saxon architecture, though 
there is strong evidence that the structure was erected at different periods. 
Some of the arches are circular and the columns massive, like those of Dur- 
ham cathedral, but they are much richer in ornament. From the pointed 
arches still remaining on the north and south walls, we may ascribe that part 
of the building to the reign of the second Henry, and it is evident that the 
square tower was erected long after the completion of the other portions of the 
edifice. The pillars which supported the tower are clustered and possess 
plain capitals, while the windows are narrow and ornamented with pilasters 
and mouldings. Of the large central tower the only remaining portion is 
the south wall, which is about fifty feet in height ; the corner tower at the 
west end of the church remains in good preservation, and the main walls 
upon the north and south sides are still standing, though they have shrunk 
nearly a foot from the perpendicular. A double row of massive pillars sepa- 
rate the naves from the aisles ; these columns have richly ornamented shafts, 
twelve feet high, and five feet in circumference. Besides the church, many 
remains of the abbatial buildings are still visible ; and in the days of its 
pride it must have been a glorious structure, meriting well the description 
given of it by the author of Marmion : — 

" A solemn, huge, and dark red pile, 

Placed on the margin of tlie isle. 

In Saxon strength that abbey frowned, 

With massive arches short and round, 

That rose alternate, row and row, 

On ponderous columns, short and low, 



006 



ISLANDSHIRE. 



Built ere the art was known, 
By pointed isle and shafted stalk. 
The arcades of an alley'd walk 

To emulate in stone. 
On the deep walls, the heathen Dane 
Had poured his ina pious rage in vain ; 
And needful was stich strength to these, 
Exposed to the tempestuous seas, 
Open to rovers fierce as they, 
^Vhich could twelve hundred years withstand 
Winds, waves, and northern pirates' hand. 
iS'ot but that portions of the pile, 
Eebuilded in a later style, 
Showed where the spoiler's hand had been; 
None but the wasting sea breeze keen 
Had worn the pillars' carving quaint, 
And mouldered in his niche the saint, 
And rounded with consuming power, 
The pointed angles of each tower : 
Yet still entire the abbey stood 
Like veteran, worn but unsubdued.'' 



By the clearing away of the wreck and rubbish of the fallen part, in 1814, the 
windows and the great western door, which had been hidden for many ages, were 
brought to light, and the general appearance of these venerable ruins much im- 
proved. The architecture of the door-way is the true Saxon, highly ornamented. 
Subsequently buttresses were erected to support the walls, and various means 
were taken to preserve the venerable relic of antiquity. The first monastery 
erected here was in a plain and unpretending style, but it was afterwards, 
when Lindisfarne became a bishop's see, superseded by an edifice of greater 
architectural pretensions. Soon after the departure of its inmates, in 882 
the monastery was totally destroyed, and the church reduced to ruins, but 
subsequently a cell of Benedictine monks, subordinate to the priory of Durham, 
was established here, and its annual revenues at the disastrous period of the 
Dissolution, amounted to £48 18s. lid., according to Dugdale ; and to 
£60 5s. according to Speed. Its possessions were granted by Henry VIII. 
to the Dean and Chapter of Durham. 

Ancient Bishopeic of I^indisfaene. — The Christian religion established 
in Northumbria by the preaching of Paulinus and the zeal of King Edwin, 
became almost eradicated after that monarch's death, and idolatry again pre- 
vailed, until the reign of St. Oswald, who, as soon as he ascended the throne 
sent to the Scots, among whom he had dwelt during the period of his exile, 
desiring they would send him a bishop by whose instruction and ministry his 
people might be taught the advantages of Christianity, and receive the sacra- 
ments. His request was at once complied with, and Aidan, a monk of lona, 
was consecrated bishop and sent into Northumbria, to reconvert the inhabi- 
tants to the Christian faith. The king himself assisted the missionary in his 
apostolic labours, travelling with him through his kingdom and interpreting 
the holy bishop's discourses to the people, so that by the exertions of the 



HOLY ISLAND PARISH. 907 

bisliop and the king, Christianity ^Tas soon re-established in the country. 
Aidan received from the king the island of Lindisfarne, since called Holy 
Island, in Nvhich he built a monastery, from which all the churches of Bernicia, 
from the Tyne to the Tweed, had their beginning, as had also some of those of 
Deira, from the Tyne to the Humber. Lindisfarne was probably chosen by 
Aidan as a secure retreat from the ferocious and unconverted states by which 
he was surrounded, and also for its proximity to Bambrough,the royal residence, 
and principal fortress of the Northumbrian kingdom. After an episcopacy of 
seventeen years the good bishop Aidan died, and was succeeded by Finan, a 
Briton, and a member of the same community as Aidan. During the time 
that Finan held the see, he had the happiness of baptising two royal converts — 
Peada, son of Penda, King of the Mercians, and Sigeberct, King of Essex ; 
both of whom returned to their respective kingdoms, accompanied by mission- 
aries invested with episcopal powers. Finan also erected a church after the 
Scottish manner in the island of Lindisfarne, the seat of his bishopric. This 
church was not constructed of stone but of hewn oak, covered with reeds, and 
was dedicated to St. Peter the Apostle. Finan died in 661, having been 
bishop ten years, and was succeeded by Colman, of the same monastery, who 
resigned the see at the end of three years, having for his successor Tuda, 
who died of the plague in the year 664. 

The fifth bishop of Lindisfarne was Eata, a most reverend and meek man, 
who was succeeded by St. Cuthbert, "who," as Bede tells us, "from his very 
childhood had always been inflamed with the desire of a religious life ; but 
he took upon him the habit and name of a monk when he was a young man. 
He first entered the monastery of Melrose, which is on the banks of the river 
Tweed, and was then governed by the Abbot Eata, a meek and simple man, 
who was afterwards bishop of Lindisfarne." Cuthbert was afterwards made 
abbot over that monastery, where he instructed many in regular life, both by 
the authority of a master, and the example of his own behaviour. After 
remaining fourteen years at Melrose he was removed by Bishop Eata to 
Lindisfarne, of which place he was made prior; an of&ce which he filled with 
exemplary piety for a period of twelve years. But yearning after a closer 
communion with God, and desiring more time for meditation and prayer than the 
duties of his position in the monastery allowed him, he retired, with the 
permission of his superior, to the largest of the Earn Islands, opposite to 
Bambrough, where he led the life of an anchoret. He had a cell and a small 
oratory, both of which were enclosed with a wall so high, as to cut off his view 
from every sublunary object. He lived this life of solitude for nine years, when 
he heard with the deepest sorrow, that he had been unanimously elected by the 
synod of Twyford, to be bishop of the church of Hexham. After much oppo- 
sition on his part, he was induced by the prayers of the king, the archbishop, 
and the whole body of the clergy, to receive the episcopal consecration, but 
from his great predilection for Lindisfarne, he was allowed to exchange sees 
with Eata, who, for that reason, was translated to Flexham. 

Following the example of the apostles, he became an ornament to the 
episcopal dignity by his virtuous actions, for he both protected the people 

3 k 



908 ISLANDSHIEE. 

committed to liis charge, b}^ constant prayer, and excited them bj most whole- 
some admonitions to heavenly practices. Previous to the elevation of St. 
Cuthbert, the northern churches had received but few endowments, but several 
munificent donations were afterwards made bj the Northumbrian kiugs, 
nobles, and others. He received a grant of all the laud from St. Peter's at 
York, roundto the south wall of the city, and also the tillage of Craike, where 
he founded a monastery. He was also invested with the city of Carlisle 
and the lauds for fifteen miles around it. Here the pious bishop restored a 
decayed nunnery, and instituted a public school. But the value of these, 
and many other gifts received by the saint, were greatly enhanced by privileges 
and immunities subsequently annexed to them. Having spent two years in 
his bishopric, he returned to his island and monastery, where he died two months 
afterwards, in the o9th year of his monastic profession, A.D. 687. So highly 
W'as the memory of this saint revered in the north, that more than forty 
churches and chapels w^ere dedicated in his honour, and King Alfred even 
had the saint's name stamped upon the coin of the realm. Often did the 
name of St. Cuthbert rouse the men of the north to the defence of their countr}", 
and often did his banner lead them on to victory. Shortly after the demise 
of St. Cuthbert, Eadbert was consecrated bishop. He erected the Cathedral 
of Lindisfarne, and on the right side of the high altar, caused a beautiful 
tomb to be constructed, in which he deposited the remains of his sainted pre- 
decessor. Bede informs us that on the opening of the grave, eleven years after 
the saint's death, the body was found whole, as if it had been alive, and the 
joints pliable, more like one asleep than a dead person ; besides, all the vest- 
ments the body had on were not only found, but wonderful for their fresh- 
ness and gloss. Eadbert died in 698, and the succeeding bishops of this see 
w^ere Eadfrid, a learned man, who made a translation of the gospels into 
Latin ; he died in 724, and was succeeded by Ethelwold, abbot of Melrose ; — 
eigne wolf, who was consecrated in 740, but afterwards incurred the royal 
displeasure, for having refused to give up to King Eadbert, the assassinator of 
Offa, a person of the royal line, who had taken refuge in the church of Lindis- 
farne ; — Highbald, during whose episcopate the church of Lindisfarne, and 
many other religious establishments in the north were plundered and dese- 
crated by the pagan Danes, whose course, in 797, was marked by the mangled 
bodies of monks, and priests, and nuns, whom they had violated and mxassacred ; 
Egfrid, who became bishop in 830, and contributed largely to the honour 
and opulence of the church ; and Eardulph the sixteenth and last bishop of 
Lindisfarne, who died in the year 900. He possessed the see at the time of 
the second Danish invasion, when they pillaged and destroyed Tynemouth 
Priory, and afterwards proceeded northwards, destroying and plundering 
almost every church and monastery in Northumberland. Ere these barbarians 
could reach Lindisfarne, the bishop and monks had fled, taking with them 
the body of St. Cuthbert, and many other precious relics, together with theu' 
sacred vessels, and away they went wandering through the country like the 
Israelites of old, not 'knowing where they might find rest. The Danes on 
their arrival at Lindisfarne, being disappointed of their anticipated booty, 



ORIGIN AND PEOGRESS OF THE MONASTIC LIFE. 



909 



immediately set fire to the sacred edifices, and thus an end was put for ever to 
the glories of Lindisfarne. 

The pRESF.xT Pakish Chuech, dedicated to St. John the Evangelist, is a 
neat small edifice erected from the ruins of the ancient monastery of Lin dis- 
fanie. It is situated a short distance to the west of the cathedral, and had 
formerly annexed to it the chapelries of Ancroft, Kyloe, Tweedmouth, and 
Lowick, hut they are now exempt from its jurisdiction, and have become 
parochial. The living is a perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne, 
and deanery of Norham ; gross income £207. Patrons, the Dean and Chapter 
of Durham. Incumbent, the Rev. A. Watson. Here is a school containing 
upwards of forty children ; it is endowed with three-fourths of an acre of 
land, a house, and £5 per annum from the trustees of Lord Crew's Charity. 

Post Office, Holy Island, Jolin Bell, ])ostmaster. Letters arrive from Berwick per 
foot post, as the tide permits, and are despatched per return of postman. 

Biigham George, cartwright 
Cromarty Thomas, shoemaker 
Gibson Thomas, & Co. lime burners 



Grey John, pilot 
Grey Mr. Ealph 
Lilburn Lieut. James, E.E. 
Lilbm-n Mrs. PhiUis 
McDonald Captain 
Smitli Mr. Joseph 

Farmers 
Bell James 
Brigham James 
Dickinson Margaret 
Dickinson Eobert 
Garden George 
Hall Michael 
Eankin WilHam 

Fish Curers 

Holmes Ealph 

Landreth Chapperton, & Co. 

Steel George 



E.N. 



V/illis John 

Shopkeepers 

Bell John, and baker 
Bell Tliomas 
Grey George 
Mcintosh E. 
Mossm^n W. 
Smith Margaret 
Smith Wilham 
Wilson Samuel 
Yates Elizabeth 



Stamp Eobert, schoolmaster 

Straughan George, tailor 

Taylor George, blacksmith 

Thew Thomas, tailor , 

Watson Eev. A. incumbent , 

Wilkinson Mr. Thomas 

Wilson Ealph, pilot 

Wilson William, harbour master 

Young James, mason 

Inns, Hotels and Taverns 
Anchor, Jane Eankin 
Britannia, George Grey 
Castle, Thomas Thew 
Fisherman's Arms, William 

Eankin 
Iron EaiZs,Eobert Straughan 
Northumberland Arms, Wm. 

Wilson 
Selbifs Arms, Eoderick Mc- 
intosh 
Shijj, John Beadnel 
Sivan, Margaret Bowmaker 



Caeeiers. 
Lilburn. 



-To Berwick on Saturdays, Eobert Yates, Henry Pattiuson, and- 



ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF THE MONASTIC LIFE. 



A hrief outHne of the origin and progress of monastic life may not he 
unacceptable, when speaking of a place, whose associations are entirely 
monastic, and which is scarcely adverted to in our annals, except in connexion 
with its cathedral, its abbey, or some of the members of the community attached 
to its ecclesiastical edifices. In entering upon this portion of our task we 
must state our entire concurrence with the opinions expressed by the Eev. 
IVIr. Maitland, Librarian to His Grace the late x\rclibishop of Cautsibury, in his 



910 OEIGIN AKD PEOGEESS OF THE MONASTIC LIFE. 

preface to the " Dark Ages," p.p. iv. and v., where he says: " It is quite 
impossible to touch the subject of Monasticisra, without rubbing off some 
portion of the dirt which has been heaped upon it. It is impossible to get 
even a superficial knowledge of the medifeval history of Europe, without 
seeing how greatly the world of that period was indebted to the Monastic 
orders, and feeling that, whether they were good or bad in other matters, 
monasteries were beyond all price in those days of misrule and turbulence, 
as places where (it may be imperfectly, yet better than elsewhere) God was 
worshipped — as a quiet and religious refuge for helpless infancy and old age, 
a shelter of respectful sympathy for the orphan maiden and the desolate 
widow — as central points whence agriculture was to spread over bleak hills 
and barren downs, and marshy plains, and to deal its bread to millions perish- 
ing with hunger, and its pestilential train — as repositories of the learning 
which then was, and well-springs for the learning which was to be — as 
nurseries of art and science, giving the stimulus, the means, and the reward 
to invention, and aggregating around them every head that could devise, and 
every hand that could execute — as the nucleus of the city which in after 
days of pride should crown its palaces and bulwarks with the towering cross 
of its cathedral." If then, in the course of this article, Monasticism is 
treated in a different manner, from that usually pursued, let it be remembered 
that : — 

" Men's evil manners live in brass ; their wtues 

We write in water." 

and with regard to these institutions, their faults have been fully exposed 
while the benefits which society has derived from them, have been silently 
passed over. 

In the primitive ages of Christianity, we find the most devout among the 
followers of the Gospel, distinguished by the name of Ascetes. They with- 
drew themselves from all distracting engagements, and employed their time 
in the practices of public and private devotion, endeavouring by the exercise 
of every virtue to attain that sublime perfection so highly sj^oken.of in the 
holy scriptures. But with the conversion of Constantine and the recog- 
nition of Christianity by the state, a visible falling away from primitive 
fervour began to be perceptible, and many bearing the name of Christian 
continued to cherish the ideas and the vices of Paganism. This relaxation 
was observed by the more fervent wuth saddened hearts, and they resolved to 
leave a scene so repugnant to their zeal, and so dangerous to their virtue ; 
and the vast and sterile deserts of the Thebais were peopled with crowds of 
anchorets, who, under the direction of Anthony and Pachomious, earned their 
scanty maintenance by the labour of their hands, and presented to their less 
fervent brethren models of innocence and sanctity. Such, according to the 
ancient authors, is the origin of the monastic life. There have not been 
Avanting writers, who pretend to trace its origin to the time of the prophets in 
the old law, and who state that the Assideans and Essenians were monks, 
or persons living in community. With regard to such disquisitions, they are 
foreign to our purpose, and even were we inclined to enter upon their 



OjllGIN AND PEOGEESS OF I'HE MONASTIC LtFE. 911 

discussioD, our limited space would not permit us. It is a remarkable fact that 
the first monks vrere laymen, who formed small communities, and obeyed the 
authority of a common superior. The only dispositions requisite for admission 
were a spirit of penance and a desire of perfection. So long as the aspirant 
continued in these sentiments he was carefully trained in tlie duties of his 
state of Hfe, if he repented of his choice, he was at liberty to depart. But 
small indeed w^as the number of those who returned to the world they had 
once quitted, the spirit of perseverance being very strong in the great 
majority, and it was not until primitive fervour began to dechne, that 
irrevocable vows w^ere placed as a barrier to the return of those who had 
embraced the monastic state. 

From the Egyptian deserts the monastic institute spread rapidly over the 
neighbouring countries, and the west became anxious to follow the example of 
the east. At the commencement of the fifth century colonies of monks 
were planted in every corner of the Roman empire, and the conversion of the 
northern nations caused these colonies to be considerably increased. The con- 
verts admired the austere virtue of the institute, and looked up to its professors 
as to a class of superior beings, the peculiar friends and favourites of heaven. 
In proportion as the order increased, it was divided and sub-divided without 
end. Every superior thinking himself at liberty to make such rules and 
regulations for his monks, as his judgment preferred ; the rule of the 
Egvptian monks serving as model to all, but varied to suit the circumstances 
of time and place in which the monks might be situated. Many learned 
writers have contended that all the primitive monks of this country w^ere of 
the Benedictine order, "But," as Lingard justly observes, " with the light 
afforded by the ancient writers, we may still pierce through the gloom of 
eleven intervening centuries, and discover three grand divisions of the 
monastic profession, in the followers of St. Gregory, St. Columba, and 
St. Benedict." 

Among the foremost patrons of the monastic life w^e find St. Gregory, or as 
he is more commonly called, Gregory the Great. He himself had laid aside 
the robe of the Roman Prefect, to assume the cowl of the monk, and possessing 
large revenues, he devoted them entirely to monastic purposes. From this 
circumstance, he might with great propriety assume the right of legislating 
for those w^ho were indebted for their support to his liberality. In the rules 
wdiich he composed for the guidance of the monks under his authority, we 
remark one distinctive feature, by means of which we are able to distinguish 
his order from most others of that period. The time which the other monks 
devoted to manual labour, he ordained for study, aspiring to the formation of 
a body of men, whose abilities and zeal might defend the doctrines of the 
church, and extend its conquests. Bergier tells us " that the order of 
Gregory the Great seems to have been an attempt to unite as much as possible 
the clerical and monastic professions. Those of this order wdio were dis- 
tinguished for their piety or learning, Gregor}'- honoured with his friendship, 
and on his elevation to the pontificate they were admitted to his council, and 
from them he choose his missionaries for the Anglo-Saxon nations." Augustine 



912- ORIGIN AND PEOGRESS OF THE MONASTIC LIFE, 

on bis arrival in this country followed the example of his superior ; to the 
clergy of his cathedral he associated some of his former brethren as his 
advisers and companions, and erected for the remainder a spacious monastery 
after the Eoman model. Our knowledge of the subsequent history of this 
order is very limited, though the general opinion is, that it existed till the time 
of Archbishop Dunstan, when its members adopted the habit and rule of the 
Benedictines. 

With regard to the order of monks which observed the rule of St. Columba, 
we have the authority of Bede, who in different portions of his works, speaks 
in the warmest manner of their patience, their chastity, their frequent 
meditation on the sacred writings, and their indefatigable exertions to attain 
the summit of christian perfection. The memory of their founder, Columba, 
who was of the royal race of the O'Neills, in Ireland, w^as long cherished 
wdth particular affection by the people of the North. This order possessed 
one singular institution, of which we have no other example in ecclesiastical 
history, viz. : the submission of the provincial bishops, who were members of 
this order, to the commands of the Abbot, in every point except what 
appertained to their episcopal functions. 

Aidan, the Apostle of the North, was a member of this order, and during 
the course of his missionary labours he kept steadily before his eyes the 
example of his patron, St. Columba. In order to follow his example more closely 
he retired to Lindisfarne, where a colony of Scottish monks had been settled, 
and in their society spent the hours which were not devoted to the exercise of 
his episcopal duties. The rule of St. Columba has not come down to our 
times, but from the notices of the lives of the monks, which we find in ancient 
writers, we learn that community of goods, celibacj^ and the other practices of 
the monastic state, were observed by them. They chose for their habitations 
the most dreary solitudes; charity alone could draw them from their cells; 
never appearing in public except to reconcile enemies, to instruct the ignorant, 
and to plead the cause of the unfortunate. 

While the followers of Gregory in the south, and those of Columba in the 
north, were endeavouring to extend their respective orders, another institute 
of monks destined to take the place of ail their competitors, attracted the 
notice of Christendom. For their origin they were indebted to the zeal of 
St. Benedict, a native of Norcia, v/ho, at the cooimencement of the sixth 
century, retired to a deep and lonely cavern, amid the mountains of Subiaco. 
For three years the young hermit enjoyed the sw^eets of retirement, but his 
retreat becoming known, his example drew around him numbers of monks, 
who revered him as their parent and law-giver. After some time he left 
Subiaco, and fixed his residence at Monte Cassino, in the ancient territory of 
the Yolsci. The most distinguished personages visited his ceil and solicited 
his blessing, even Totila, the "Scourge of God," as he was called, con- 
descended to ask his advice, and trembled at the repi'oof of the dauntless 
abbot. 

Much relaxation had crept into the monastic institute since the time of 
Anthony, and Benedict composed his rule, not so much to restore the pristine 



OETGIN AND PROGRESS OF THE MONASTIC LIFE. 913 

vigour, as to prevent tlie decay of the ancient discipline. " The precepts of 
monastic perfection," says Benedict in the seventy-third chapter of his rule, 
"are contained in the inspired writings ; the examples abound in the works of 
the holy fathers ; but mine is a more lowly attempt to teach the rudiments of 
a Christian life, that, when we are acquainted with them, we may aspire to the 
practice of the sublimer virtues." 

The rub w^hich Benedict gave to his disciples, states distinctly how the 
various hours of the day w^ere to be employed. Six hours were given to 
sleep, from which the monks were aroused immediately after midnight, to 
sing matins in the church, whither they w^ere also called several times during 
the day, to sing the different portions of the divine office. Seven hours were 
devoted to manual labour, two to study, and the remainder to the necessary 
refection of the body. Their diet was simple, the flesh of quadrupeds being 
strictly forbidden ; but the rigour of this law was mitigated in favour of the 
children, the aged and the infirm. No particular form or colour of dress was 
prescribed, the only recommendation being, that it should be adapted to the 
climate, and similar to that of the labouring poor. This regulation was after- 
wards altered, and the Benedictines wore a black habit reaching down to 
their heels, with a cowl or hood of the same, and a scapulary, and under that 
another white habit. Each monk had a separate bed, but all slept in their 
habits, ready to repair to the church at the first summons. 

The Postulant w^as not admitted to the noviciate till after a severe proba- 
tion. During his noviceship, which lasted for a year, the rule of the order 
was read over thrice in his presence, and each reading was accompanied by 
the admonition that he was at liberty to depart. At last, on the anniversary 
of his admission, he entered the church, and avowed before God and the 
community, his determination to spend his days in the monastic life, to reform 
his conduct, and to render obedience to his superiors. This solemn engage- 
ment he subscribed with his name, and deposited it on the altar. 

The Benedictine order spread gradually from Monte Cassino, to the 
utmost boundaries of the Latin Church. Its introduction to this country is 
ascribed to St. Wilfrid, a monk of Lindisfarne, and bishop of York, who on 
his pilgrimage to Rome, associated with the Benedictines, and admired the 
superiority of their rule. On his return from Rome in 666, he introduced 
this rule among his monasteries, adding to it many customs of the previous 
discipline, which experience had proved to be useful. 

Contemporary with Wilfrid, was the celebrated Bennet Biscop, Abbot of 
Wearmouth, w'ho, having a great desire to embrace the monastic state, visited 
the most celebrated foreign monasteries, and observed their rule and manner 
of life. He received the religious habit at Lerins, in France, and after 
making several journies to Rome, and various parts of the continent, he 
erected a spacious monastery upon land given him by Egfrid, king of 
Northumbria, at the mouth of the river Wear. Bennet s reputation soon drew 
around him numerous disciples, and by another gift from the same king, he 
was enabled to found a second monastery at Jarrow\ At the death of their 
founder, these two monasteries contained no less than six hundred inmates. 



^ 



914 OEIGIN AND FROGiRKSS OF THE MONASTTd LIFE. 

There is no doubt but tliat tbe Benedictine was tlie general rule of tliese 
monks, but to this rule were added some improvements, the fruit of 
Bonnet's observations during his travels. To Bennet, the honour of intro- 
ducing the art of making glass is ascribed, as is also that of building with 
stone, and he is said to have been the first wbo formed libraries in this 
country. Bede tells us that Bennet contributed more to the civilisation of 
his countrymen, than any other person since the preaching of the Roman 
missionaries. 

While the Benedictine order was thus partially established in the north, it 
was, through the exertions of iVdhelm, of Sherbourn, and Egwin, of Worces- 
ter, spreading equally in the south. Adhelm introduced the rule into his 
three monasteries of Malmesbury, Frome, and Bradanford, while Egwin 
founded the splendid Abbey of Evesham, expressly for Benedictine monks. 
This order became so firmly rooted in England, that all our cathedral priories, 
except Carlisle, and most of the richest abbeys in" this country were in the 
hands of the Benedictines. 

The form in which the monastic institute is now conducted, was then 
scarcely know^u ; but that which recommended the Benedictine rule to 
those who professed the monastic life, was, that it was essential that each 
monastery should choose its own superior. Such is the account w-e are able 
to glean from the writers of ancient times, concerning the different religious 
orders of our Saxon forefathers. In many things, these orders differed from 
each other, but we find in all the three engaofements which are still considered 
requisite to the monastic state, viz. : — obedience to a superior, perpetual celi- 
bacy, and community of goods. 

Subsequent to the Norman invasion, other orders w^ere introduced, fore- 
most among which was The Cluniac Order, the first, and principal branch of 
the Benedictines. It was brought to this country by William, Earl Warren, 
son-in-law of the Conqueror, and their first house was founded at Lewes, in 
Suffolk, about 1077. This order was established by Bernon, Abbot of Gigni, 
about the year 912, and formerly possessed twenty-seven priories and cells in 
this country. 

The Order of Grandmont was next introduced into England. It was 
founded at Grandmont, in Limousin, in France, about 1076, by Stephen, a 
gentleman of Auvernge. This order followed the Benedictine rule, and was 
brought into this country in the reign of Henry I., and settled at Abberbury 
in Shropshire. It possessed but three houses in England. 

The Carthusians were also a branch of the Benedictines, whose rule, 
with the addition of a great many austerities, they followed. Their founder 
was St. Bruno, of Cologne, who first instituted the order at Chartreux, in 
the diocese of Grenoble, in France, about 1080. Their rule, which was con- 
firmed by Pope Alexander III., in 1174, was the strictest of any of the 
religious orders, for they never eat flesh, and were obliged to fast on bread, 
water, and salt, one day in every week. They always wore a hair shirt next 
their skin, and were only allowed to walk about their own grounds, once in a 
week, for none of them were ever permitted to go beyond the confines of the 



OmaiN AND PEOGEESS OF THE MONASTIC LtFE. 915 

mouasteiy, except the priors and procurators, and tliey only when necessity 
compelled. They were brought into England in 1180, and had their first 
house at Witham, in Somersetshire. Their habit was all white, with the 
exception of their outward cloak, w^hich was black, and they possessed nine 
houses in this country. 

The Cistercians were founded early in the year 1098, by Robert, Abbot 
of Molesme, iii the diocese of Langres, in France. This abbot having 
observed with sorrow the many relaxations which had crept into the Bene- 
dictine order, and desirous of restoring it to its primitive fervour, in company 
with the prior, sub-prior, and a small band of the most zealous of his monks, 
quitted his abbey at Molesme, and went forth to find some other place where 
they might observe the rule of St. Benedict in all its pristine integrity. This 
was the cause of the foundation of the order of Citeaux, or Cistercians, an 
order which in a short time became very numerous. Their abbeys were 
generally founded in solitary and uncultivated places, and their churches 
were all dedicated to the Blessed Virgin. The monks of this order came to 
England in 1128, and had their first monastery at Waverly, in Sussex, 
whence they soon spread over the length and breadth of the land, as the 
ruins of their once splendid abbeys of Byland, Kirkstall, Fountains, Furness, 
WhaUey, Tintern, and Netley, plainly show. Previous to the dissolution of 
the monastic establishments, the order possessed no less than eighty-five 
abbeys and monasteries in this country. The Cistercian order is remarkable 
as being the only one of the ancient religious orders which has been revived 
in these countries in our own times. At Mount St. Bernard, near Lough- 
borough, in Leicestershire, and at Mount Melleray, in the county of Water- 
ford, in Ireland, we see the austere rule of the ancient Cistercians in full 
practice. There we have the abbey, with its abbot, prior, and sub-prior, as 
in days of yore ; the " desert, uncultivated, and ban-en land," by which 
these establishments are surrounded, is being reclaimed by the persevering 
industry of the monks, and the generous monastic hospitality of the old 
Cistercians is exercised by their successors, as far as their limited means will 
allow. 

Passing from the monks we come next to the canons, who were divided 
into two classes, Regular and Secular. The Secular canons were clergymen 
who performed spiritual offices for the laity, and took upon themselves the 
cure of souls, which the Regular canons could not do without dispensation. 
They differed in nothing almost from ordinary priests, save that they were 
under the government of some local statutes. For though in some places 
they were obliged to live in common under the sam.e roof as the monks and 
regular canons did, yet they generally lived apart, and were maintained by 
distinct prebends, almost in the same manner as the canons and prebendaries 
of our cathedral and collegiate churches at the present day. 

Regular canons were such as lived under some rule. They w^ere a less 
strict sort of religious than the monks, but lived together in common, and 
were obliged to observe the statutes of their order. The chief rule observed 
by these canons, was that of St. Augustine ; they were little known till the 

3 K 3 



916 ORIGIN AND PEOGEESS OF THE MONASTIC LIFE. 

ten til or eleventh century, were not brouglit to England till after the Con- 
quest, and seem not to have obtained the name of Austin Canons until some 
time afterwards. Their habit consisted of a long black cassock, with a white 
rochet over it, and over that a black cloak and hood. There were about 175 
houses of regular canons in England and Yfales. 

Besides the common and general kind of canons, there were also the fol- 
lowing particular orders, viz. : — First, such as observed the rule of St. 
Augustine, according to the regulations of St. Nicholas, of Arroasia; this 
order possessed five houses in England. Second, those who adopted the 
rule of St. Augustine, according to the order of St. Victor ; they had three 
houses in this country. Third, those of the order of St. Augustine, who 
adopted the institutions of St. Mary of Meretuue ; they had only one house 
in England. Fourth, the Premonstratensian canons who lived according to 
the rule of St. Augustine, as reformed by St. Norbert, Archbishop of Magde- 
burg, in 1120, at Premonstratum, in the diocese of Laon, in Picardy. It 
was called Premonstratum, because it was said to have been pointed out by 
the Blessed Virgin to the head of this reformed order. The members of 
this institute were also called White Canons from their habit, which was a 
v/liite cassock, with a rochet over it, a long white cloak, and white cap. 
They were brought to England shortly after 1140, and first settled at New- 
house, in Lincolnshire. There were about thirty-five houses of this order in 
England previous to the Dissolution. Fifth, the Sempringham or Gilbertine 
canons, who were founded by St. Gilbert, at Semprhigham,in Lincolnshire, in 
1148, and confirmed by Pope Eugenius. Their rule Avas composed from that 
of St. Augustine' and St. Benedict, with some special modifications of their 
own. The habit of these canons was a black cassock, with a white cloak over 
it, and a hood lined with lambskins. At the suppression of the religious 
establishments, there were twenty -five houses of this order in the kingdom. 
Sixth, the Canons Regular of the Holy Sepulchre were instituted at the com- 
mencement of the twelfth century, inimitation of the regulars established at 
the church of the Holy Sepulchre, at Jerusalem, They were sometimes 
called Canons of the Holy Cross, and wore the same habits as the other 
Augustinian canons, distinguished only by a double red cross upon their 
cloak or upper garment. Their first house in this country was at Warwick, 
where they settled in 1135, and at the period of the Dissolution, they pos- 
sessed only two houses in England. 

Besides these orders of men, there were Benedictine, Gilbertine, Cluniac, 
Cistercian, Carthusian, Augustinian, and Premonstratensian nuns, who fol- 
lowed the same rules with their respective monks-, omitting only what was 
proper for their sex, and vrore habits of the same colour, having their heads 
always covered with a veil, To the orders of nuns just mentioned, we must 
add some others which deserve particular notice. First, nuns of the order 
of Fontevrault, which was founded at the latter part of the eleventh century, 
by Robert D'Abrissil, at Fontevrault, in Poictiers, where he erected an 
abbey for his followers, about 1100. Though this order, which was a reforma- 
tion of the Benedictines, was chiefly for women, yet on the continent; they 



OEIGIN AND PROGRESS OF THE MONASTIC LIFE. . 917 

had also religions men belonging to the institute, who \Yere under the govern- 
ment of the abbess ; for the founder took as his model, the recommendation 
bj our Blessed Saviour, of the Blessed Virgin, and St. John the Evangelist, 
to each other, and directed that the men should acknowledge the abbess, or 
prioress, of every convent, as their superior, and submit to her authority both in 
spuituals and temporals. The abbess of Fontevrault was the general supe- 
rioress and head of the order. The nuns of this institute were brought into 
England by Robert Bossu, Earl of Leicester, before 1161, and placed at Nun 
Eaton, in the county of Warwick. There were only two other houses of this 
order in England, and we fiud no mention made of any monks in them, but 
only of a prior at Nun Eaton. They wore a kind of tunic or cassock, of 
undyed wool, and over that a large black garment. Second, nuns of the order 
^f St. Clare, who founded her order at Assissi, in Italy, about the year 1212. 
It was confirmed by Pope Innocent III., and again by Pope Honorius, in 
1223. St. Clare being a native of the same town, and living at the same 
time as St. Francis, the founder of the order of Friars Minors, and her nuns 
observing the same rule, and wearing the same coloured habit as the Francis- 
can Friars, were often called Minoresses. They were likewise called the 
Poor Clares, from their scanty endowments. They were brought to England 
by Blanche, Queen of Navarre, wife of Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, about 
1293, and had their first house without Aldgate, in London. At the Disso- 
lution, they had four houses in England. Third, Briggitines, or nuns of our 
Holy Saviour, who were instituted by St. Bridget, princess of Nericia, in 
Sweden, about the middle of the fourteenth century, under the rule of St. 
Augustine, with some additions of her own. This order, though chiefly for 
women, had men in every convent, who lived in different apartments, and 
differed from all other orders, in requiring a particular number of men and 
women, in every house, viz, : — Sixty nuns, thirteen priests, eight deacons, 
and four lay brothers. Their habit was a tunic of coarse grey w^oollen, and a 
cloak of the same. The nuns had five small pieces of red cloth on their 
veils, to represent the five wounds of our Eedeemer. The priests had a red 
cross on their breasts, with a round piece of cloth of a white colour in the 
centre of it to represent the host, the deacons had a white circle, with four 
pieces of red cloth to represent tongues, and the lay brothers had a white 
cross with five red pieces, to represent the five wounds. There was but one 
house of this order in England, that at Sion, in Middlesex, which was founded 
by Henry V., in 1414. 

Friars. — The Dominfcans were founded by St. Dominic, from whom 
they obtained their name. They were also caHed Black Friars, from the 
colour of the habit, and Friars Preachers, from preaching being the peculiar 
object of their institute. Their rule, winch was chiefly that of St. Augustine, 
was approved of by Pope Innocent III., and confirmed by Pope Honorius, in 
1216. At the foundation of their order, these friars wore the same habit as 
the Augustinian Canons, but in 1219, they took another, consisting of a wliite 
cassock and hood over it, and when they went abroad they wore over these a 
black cloak and hood. This order was introduced into this country in 1221, 



^18 ORIGIN And progress op the monastic life. 

and had their first house at Oxford ; at the Dissolution they possessed forty- 
three convents. There were also nuns of this order, though there does not 
appear to have heen any in England. 

The Franciscans were founded by St. Francis of Assissi, in the year 
1209, and then- rule was confirmed by Pope Innocent III., in the following 
year. They were called Franciscans from their founder, Grey Friars from 
the colour of their habits, and were also known by the name of Friars 
Minors. They wore a loose habit of a grey colour, with a cloak and cowl of 
the fame, they girded their loins with a cord, and went barefooted. They 
were brought to this country in 1224, and had their first convent at Canterbury. 
Relaxations having crept into this order, it was reformed and brought back to 
its primitive discipline. Afterwards those who followed the mitigated rule 
were called Conventuals, while those who accepted the reformation were styled 
Recollects, or Observants. This order is said to have been introduced into 
England by Edward IV., but there is no account of them prior to the reign of 
Henry VII., who built two or three houses for them. At the suppression of 
the monastic establishments the Conventual Franciscans had about fifty-five 
houses, which were divided into seven wardenships, viz. — those of London, 
York, Cambridge, Bristol, Oxford, Newcastle, and Worcester. As to--4}ie 
Capuchins, and other distinctions of this order, they chiefly rose since the 
Reformation, consequently they possessed no houses in this country. 

The Trinitarians, Maturines, or Friars of t&e Order of the 
Most Holy Trinity for the Redemption of Captives, were instituted 
by St. John of Matha and Felix of Valois, about the year 1197, and 
observed the rule of St. Augustine, with some peculiar modifications adapted to 
the objects of their institute. This order was confirmed by Pope Innocent 
III., who gave them a white habit, with a red and blue cross upon their 
breasts, and appointed that their revenues should be divided into three parts, 
one of which was to be used for their own support, another w-a-s to be devoted 
to the poor, and the third w^as to be applied to the redemption of such Christians 
as were or should be taken prisoners by the infidels. The name of Trini- 
tarians was given to them from all their churches being dedicated to the Holy 
Trinity, and Maturines from having their first house near the chapel of 
St. Maturin. They were brought into England, in 1224, had then' first house 
in Kent, and at the Dissolution possessed ten or twelve convents. 

The Carmelites, or White Friars, came next into this kingdom. Their 
origin is unknown, but the}'" were established upon Mount Carmel, in Syria, 
from time immemorial, whence they were driven by the Saracens about the 
year 1238. Then* rule, which was founded upon that of St. Basil, is said to 
have been composed for them by Albert, Patriarch of Jerusalem, in 122-i:. 
Their garments are said to have been at first white, but being obliged by the 
infidels to make them party-coloured they continued the use of such for half a 
century after their introduction into Europe, and about the year 1290, made 
them white again. This order was first brought into England, in 1240, by 
the Lords John Vesci and Pdchard Grey, and had their first houses at Alnwick, 
in Northumberland, and Aylesford, in Kent, at the latter of which places 



pEIGIN AND PE0GEES3 OF THE MONASTIC LIFE. 919 

their fii-st European chapter was held, m 1S45. There were ahout forty 
houses of this order in England. 

The Oedee of Ceossed oe Ceouched Feiaes w^as instituted, or at least 
reformed, hy Gerrard, prior of St. Mary of Morrello, at Bologna, and confirmed, 
in 1169, by Pope Alexander III., who brought them under St. Augustine's 
rule, and made some other constitutions for their government. They obtained 
their name from their having, at first, carried a cross fixed to a staff in their 
hands, but afterwards they had a cross of red cloth upon the backs or breasts 
of their habits, which Pope Pius XL ordered to be of a blue colour. They 
came into England in 1244, and had theu' first convent in Colchester. At 
the Dissolution they possessed six or seven houses in this country. 

We possess no authentic information regarding the foundation of the 
Augustinian Friars, or Friars Eremites of the order of St. Augustine, v/ho 
were introduced into this country about the year 1250, and wore a white 
garment and scapular, when in the convent, but in the choir and when they 
went abroad, they had over the former a black cloak and hood, which were 
gilt with a black leather thong. They had about thirty-two houses here at 
the time of the suppression of the monastic institutions. 

The Feiaes of the Oedee of Sac, and the Bethlemite Feiaes 
appeared in England both in the same year, 1259. Of their origin we pos- 
sess no information. The right style of the former was " Friars of the 
penance of Jesus Christ," but they were more commonly called Friars of the 
Sac, from their habits being shaped like a sack, or made of sackcloth. This 
order was suppressed by the council of Lyons, in 1307. The Bethlemite 
Friars followed a rule, and wore a habit almost the same as the Dominicans, 
but were distinguished from them by a red star of five rays, with a blue circle 
in the middle of it, worn upon their breasts in memory of the star which 
appeared to the Magi and conducted them to Bethlehem. There seems to 
have been only one house of the order in England, that at Cambridge. 

The order of St. Anthony of Vienna, was instituted in 1095, for the help 
and relief of such persons as were afflicted with the painful inflammation called 
St. Anthony's Fire. The members of this order followed the rule of 
St. Augustine, and wore a black habit with the letter T of a blue colour upon 
their breasts. They came to England early in the reign of Henry IIL, and 
had one house at London and another at Hereford. The last order of Friars 
which was brought to England, was that of Bon-hommes or Good Men, who 
were introduced by Edmund, Earl of Cornwall, in 1283, and placed atAshering, 
in Bucks, besides which they only possessed another house in England, 
that of Edington, in Wiltshire. These friars observed the rule of St. Augus- 
tine, and wore a black habit. Their local superiors were called rectors, and 
one of them was styled president of the order. 

Of the military orders of the religious there were but two in England, viz : — 
The Knights Hospitallees, and the Knights Teiniplaes. The first of these 
began and received its name from an hospital built at Jerusalem, for the use 
of pilgrims coming to the Holy Land, and dedicated to St. John the Baptist ; 
for the duty of these knights was to provide for such pilgrims at that hospital, 



920 ORIGIN AND PEGCtEESS GF THE MONASTIC LIFE. 

and to protect them from injuries and insults upon the road. They were 
founded about the year ] 092, and were much favoured b}^ Godfrey of Bouillon, 
and his successor, Baldvriri, king of Jerusalem. They followed chiefly the 
rule of St. Augustine, and wore a black habit with a wdiite cross upon it. 
This order rapidly rose to wealth and power, and their superior in this country 
was the first lay baron, and had a seat in parliament. The Hospitallers were 
brought into England in 1 100, and established themselves in London. There 
"were also sisters of this order, but they had only one house in this kingdom, 
that of Bucldand in Somersetshire. The Knights Templars were founded in 
1118, by the Patriarch of Jerusalem, and consisted at first of nine knights, 
w^ho lived in community near the site of the temple, and whose duty it was to 
protect pilgrims and to guard the roads near Jerusalem. They observed the 
rules of St. Augustine, and wore a white habit v,'ith a red cross upon the left 
shoulder. They came into this country probably in the reign of Stephen, and 
had their first house in Holborn. They increased rapidly and in a short time 
attained considerable wealth and importance. Philip the Fair, repeatedly 
denounced this order to the Pope, Clement V., and at length arrested all the 
Templars in his dominions. Clement blamed his precipitancy, and reserved 
the inquir}^ to the Holy See. He informed all Christian kings of the pro- 
ceedings, and appointed judges to examine the charges which had been pre- 
ferred against the order. The process lasted three years. It is not in human 
nature, that all the members of a rich and powerful order should be immac- 
culate, but against the bulk of the order no charge was substantiated. Such a 
storm, however, had been raised by the king of France, that Clement deem.ed 
it prudent as a matter, not of justice, but of expediency, to suppress the order, 
in 1313. In some places their property had already been confiscated by 
rapacious princes; in England the judges decided that it reverted to the lords 
of the fees as their escheats. As, however, these lands had been given for 
religious purposes, the parliament refused to appropriate them, but " for the 
health of their souls, and discharge of their consciences," assigned them to 
the Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem. The superior of this order was 
styled the master of the Temple, and w^as often summoned to parliament. 

The Oeder of St. Lazarus of Jerusalem, of which there were a few 
houses in England, seems to have been founded for the relief and support of 
lepers and impotent persons belonging to the military orders. 

Such are the various orders w'hich existed in England anterior to the 
Pteformation, let us now take a short review of the motives which led to their 
suppression. Henry VIII. , having given the rein to his licentious passions, 
and cast off the papal supremacy, which refused to sanction him in the 
indulgence of his unlawful appetites, found that one great obstacle to the changes 
he wished to make in the countrj^ w^as the existence of numerous and power- 
ful monasteries. In these were to be found men who could not easily be 
persuaded to exchange the supremacy of the Pope for that of the King, men 
who would not forswear themselves, and deny the articles of their faith at the 
bidding of a tyrant. This then was one motive which caused the religious 
houses of England to be obnoxious to Henry, Avhose whole heart was bent 



OrvlGIN AND PROGRESS OF THE JIONASTIO LIFE. 931, 

upon establishing his spiritual supremacy, and these were the bodies from 
which he was sure to receive the most determined opposition. They must, 
therefore, be removed out of his way, they must be sacrificed to his ambition. 
Another, and not less powerful motive, was to be found in the great wealth of 
some of these religious houses. The example of Germany had shown that 
the church might be plundered with ease, and also with impunity. This 
lesson was not lost upon the English monarch, who was " strongly disposed," 
says Bishop Godwin, "to promote any reformation which might turn a penny, 
and furnish his exchequer." Indeed Cromwell, his prime minister in eccle- 
siastical matters, had long since promised that, if tlie king would only assume 
the spiritual supremacy, the wealth of the church should soon be placed at 
his disposal. Another party interested in the dissolution of the monasteries 
were the nobles, who auxiously looked for a considerable share of the spoils, 
and therefore lent a very willing aid. AVith such an opposing force, it Vv'as 
next to impossible for the religious houses to preserve their property. Yet 
so great was their hold on the hearts of the people, that it was no easy matter 
to dispossess them. It could not be done by fair means. Plain straight- 
forward dealing they could meet, without any fear of the result, but this would 
not suit the purposes of their enemies, who therefore adopted another line of 
action. Acting upon the principle of the old proverb, " Give a dog a bad name 
and hang him," their enemies determined upon calumniating these institu- 
tions, taking away their good character as far as possible, and representing 
that in many of them the rules of the order were not properly observed, but 
that eveiy sort of vice and wickedness prevailed, and it was suggested that 
they should be visited and inspected, with a view to their reformation. 
Another device also, by which it was sought to predispose the public mind in 
favour of any severe measures that might hereafter be taken against the 
monasteries, was to set a rumour in circulation that there was some prospect 
of a war with the Emperor of Germany, whose large fleet was then conveying 
the wealth of the Indies U his European dominions. It was said, that if 
the king wished to extend the commerce of the country proportionably to the 
opportunities that had been lately offered by the discovery of America, he must 
fortify his existing ports, and make new ones. This could not be done with- 
out a large outlay, a charge too great for the crown revenues, and for which 
the king would not willingly burden his subjects with a new tax. Should it 
be found, therefore, that any of these monasteries were so deeply immersed 
in vice that reformation was impossible, and should it be determined that 
they ought rather to be su^^pressed, their confiscated revenues would be found 
most conveniently to supply the necessary funds, and lest any one should 
scruple about the propriety of devoting to secular purposes, monies that had 
been solemnly set apart for the service of God, another project was also talked 
about, though, if we may judge from the result, without any serious intention 
of ever really carrying it into effect, it was said that the monarch wished to 
increase the number of bishoprics, and that the revenues of the suppressed 
monasteries would provide an ample endowment for the new sees. 

The destruction of these institutions having been determined upon, no 



92S ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF THE MONASTIC LIFE. 

means were spared to prepare the popular mind for such a result, and various 
plausible pretexts were invented to divert the attention of the people from 
the manifest injustice of the transaction. It was proposed that the King 
should appoint some one to visit the monasteries, but as if to render the 
mockery patent to all, Cromwell was the person chosen to be visitor — a man 
who had not only professed his determination to carry out the King's wishes, 
but had actually himself been the first to suggest the idea. He appointed 
commissioners to assist him in his visitation, and at first every effort was 
made both by bribes and intimidation, to extort from the authorities at the 
head of each monastery, a voluntary surrender of their property, but when 
these failed, all kinds of scandalous stories were invented and circulated, so as 
to form some sort of ground for their suppression. The Commissioners, on 
their return, gave in a. most tragical account of the immorality which they 
had discovered. Yet, strange to say, in the preamble of the statute which 
was drawn up in obedience to the report of the Commission, for the dissolution 
of the lesser abbeys, while it was stated that in them there was much ungod- 
liness of living, and that redress was required for the good of religion, it was 
also distinctly acknowledged, that in the larger monasteries " religion was right 
well kept," and therefore it was proposed that these smaller houses should be 
suppressed, but that such of their inmates as desired it should be allowed to 
go into the larger houses. Thus was completed the first movement towards 
the destruction of the religious institutions of our ancestors. The dissolution 
of the smaller houses only prepared the way, and made the dissolution of the 
larger ones more easy. The same process which had been so successful in 
effecting the overthrow of the smaller houses, was now^ repeated against the 
others. Large pensions were offered to those abbots and priors who would 
make what was called a voluntary resignation of their property ; but, where 
bribery failed, menaces were employed, and some were temfied into submission 
by the extraordinary rigour adopted against those who stood up manfully for 
their rights and possessions. The monks of the Charter House, London, 
were committed to Newgate for what the Commissioners w^ere pleased to term 
" traitorous behaviour," which w^as,iu fact, neither more nor less than the refusal 
to surrender. Five of these monks died of the hardships they endured, and 
five more with difficulty escaped the same fate. The Abbot of Glastonbury 
and two of his monks were treated in an inhuman manner. Dugdale tells us 
that this abbot "governed his monastery with great prudence and judgment, 
that his table, attendance, and ofiicers, were an honour to the nation ; that 
his apartment was a sort of well disciplined court, where the sons of noblemen 
and gentlemen were sent for virtuous education, and returned thence excellently 
accomplished; that he had bred up nearly three hundred after this manner, 
besides others of a meaner rank, whom he fitted for the Universities ; and 
that every week, on Wednesdays and Fridays, all the poor of the neigh- 
bourhood were relieved by his particular charity," — this Abbot, continues our 
authority, " being unwilliug to surrender his abbey to the King, or to lend an 
ear to any of the sohcitations which were addressed to him, was seized at 
his manor house, upon the pretence of embezzling the plate belonging to the 



ORIGIN AND PEOGEESS OF THE MONASTIC LIFE. 9'-^3 

conveut, and without much formal process as to law or equity, was drawn 
from Wells, where he had been condemned, to Glastonbury on a hurdle, and 
hanged, with two of his monks ; being hurried out of the world without 
regard to his age, and not so much as suffered to take leave of his convent." 
Certainly such an example as this w^as calculated to persuade many a timid 
abbot or prior to make a voluntary surrender of his property. If, however, any 
were still refractory, and yet it w^as not deemed expedient to put them to death, 
the obnoxious individual was forcibly deposed by the King, and some more 
manageable monk put in his place. In other instances the seals of the con- 
vents were taken away, and by this means the inmates w-ere deprived of all 
means of subsistence. They were no longer able to make leases, nor to sell 
their jewels ; the means of paying their debts were denied them, and they 
could not even procure the very necessaries of life. Thus they were reduced 
at last, and starved into a surrender. 

Having at length gained possession, an act of parliament was passed, 
conveying all the religious houses, colleges, hospitals already dissolved, or to 
be dissolved hereafter, to the king, his heirs, and successors for ever, and in 
the preamble it is stated that sundry abbots, priors, abbesses, &c., had given 
the king their manors, lands, &c., of their own free and voluntary minds, 
goodwill, and assent, without constraint or comjndsion. In order that parlia- 
ment might be well disposed to the passing of the bill, promises were made 
to the nobility of large shares in the spoils. As there are some who profess 
to credit the scandalous stories told by the commissioners, concerning immo- 
ralities practised in the monasteries, we may state, that whenever a cathedral 
church was newly founded, or remodelled, in a place where a monastery had 
been suppressed, we almost invariably find that several of the dismissed 
monks were promoted to honours and dignities in the new foundation. Thus 
on the dissolution of the monastery of Christ Church, Canterbury, for 
instance, Archbishop Cranmer himself admitted to the new collegiate church 
no less than thirty members of the dissolved priory, and others of them were 
preferred in other churches. "If lewdness and immorality had been scan- 
dalously practised in this house," observes Dugdale, " Cranmer could not 
have suffered them to have been admitted into this college: hereupon," he 
continues, "let us lay aside all such reports concerning immoralities practised 
in the convents, and let us build upon surer grounds, and more Christian 
principles, the reasons whereby we justify the dissolution of popish monasteries 
in this nation." " Are the monks charged with covetousness ?" ask the same 
writer. " They did indeed abound in wealth, but they neither enriched their 
families nor consumed their wealth upon their lusts. All they had was spent 
either in alms or hospitality, or else in stately and magnificent buildings, of 
which the present fabric of the church (at Canterbury) is a fair monument ; 
or else in decking and beautifying the church with the richest ornaments, 
wherein they abounded. Are they accused of idleness ? Their life, indeed, 
was not much spent in bodily labour ; but much of it in bodily exercises, in 
fastings, penances, devout meditations night and day, and in some other 
superstitious formalities wherein they placed too much merit, and which 



t)2.4 OEIGIN AND PEOGEESS OF THE MONASTIC LIF^. • 

tliey mistook for godliness itself. Are they censured as illiterate ? In these 
times there was but little learning in the world ; but most of the learning 
that there was, was to be found in the cloisters of the monks, where some did 
attain to such a proficiency of knowledge, as in those times was to be 
esteemed high and great. Are they condemned as guilty of intemperance 
and luxury ? They had their daily allowance of food and wine in their com- 
mon refectory, but I do not conceive that this daily allowance did administer 
to excess, even upon their extraordinary festival commemorations." To these 
queries and replies by Dugdale, it can scarcely be requisite to add anything. 
We will rather devote our remaining space to some account of the conse- 
quences that followed the dissolution of the monasteries. No less than 376 
such establishments fell, and a yearly revenue of £32,000 was brought into 
the royal exchequer, besides goods and chattels to the value of £100,000. 
But on the other hand, more than 10,000 persons were cast into the world, 
without any adequate provision, ruined and undone. A piteous and unusual 
sight presented itself throughout the country. Monks and nuns wandering about 
asking for bread; they who had so continually ministered to the wants of the 
poor, now themselves in need of the commonest necessaries of life. And' 
even this resource was soon denied them, for in the following reign, parlia- 
ment made a statute against vagabonds, which was in reality levelled against 
the monks. Whilst the monks and nuns were thus reduced to beggary, the 
churches and monasteries which they had built vfere rilled, profaned, pulled 
clown, or turned into dwelling houses, barns, or pigeon-houses; the church 
plate was swept away, the sacred furniture converted to common use, and the 
choirl ornaments removed, in order to decorate the drawing-room, and bed- 
chamber. 

Something had been said in the beginning about a prospect of war, and the 
necessity of making provision for it, something had also been rumoured about 
the creation of new bishoprics. But out of the eighteen bishoprics which 
had been talked of, no more than six were established ; and as for the 
war, it was a mere pretence to deceive the people. The means which had 
been so fraudulently obtained, on the pretext of providing for the war, were no 
longer at the king's disposal, for large promises had been made beforehand to 
the nobles and to others, and these were kept. The property was not applied 
to pious uses. The abbeys were not turned into public schools, and semi- 
naries of learning, nor into hospitals, nor into ajdums for the poor, but were 
made over to the royal favourites, and were often bestowed in acknowledg- 
ment of the most trivial services. Fuller tells us, for instance, that the king 
*' granted a religious house to a gentlewoman, because she presented him with 
a dish of pudding which happened to please his palate," He even made 
church property his stake at play, and thus played away many thousands a 
year that had once belonged to the monasteries. To one nobleman no less 
than thirty monasteries were allotted, to another thirteen, and by these 
means the property was soon dissipated past all recovery. And how did these 
nobles use the possessions which they had thus obtained ? " Who can call to 
mind without grief and indignation," says Southey, *' how many magnificent 



OEI&IN AND PEOaEESS OF THE MONASTIC LIFE. 925 

edifices were overtbrown in this uudistinguislnng havoc ! Malmesbuiy, Battle, 
Waltham, Malvern, Tintern, Nievaulx, Fountains, Wlialley, Kirkstall, and 
so many otliers ; the noblest works of architecture, and the most venerable 
monuments of antiquity ; each the blessing of the surrounding country, and 
collectively the glorj^ of the land. Glastonbury, which was the most vener- 
able of all, even less for its undoubted age, than for the circumstances con- 
nected with its history, and which in beauty and sublimity of structure, was 
equalled by few, surpassed by none, was converted by Somerset, after it had 
been 'Stript and dilapidated, into a manufactory^, where refugee weavers, chiefly 
French and Walloons, were set up in their trade. The persons into whose 
hands the abbey lands had passed, used their new property as ill as they had 
acquired it. The tenants were compelled to surrender the writings, hj which 
they held estates for tvv^o or three lives at an easy rent, payable chiefly in 
produce; the rents were trebled, and quadrupled, and the fines raised in even 
more enormous proportions, sometimes even twenty-fold. Nothing of the 
considerate superintendence which the monks had exercised, nothing of their 
liberal hospitality, was experienced from these ' step-lords', as Latimer, in his 
honest indignation, denominated them. The same spirit which converted 
Glastonbury into a woollen manufactory, depopulated whole domains, for the 
puiqDose of converting them into sheep-walks ; the tenants being turned out 
to beg, or rob, or starve. To such an extent was their inhuman system 
carried, tbat a manifest decrease of population appeared." The contemporary 
historians tell us, that the whole face of the country was changed, it was over- 
run with pauperism. As long as the monasteries stood unmolested, there 
had been no necessity for acts of parliament for the relief of the poor, no 
assessment upon' the parish for that purpose, no union workhouse, no poor-law 
guardians and relieving officers, by whom poverty is very often treated as a 
crime. The rule of the abbeys was a Christian rule. They exercised hospi- 
tality towards the rich, and charity towards the poor ; and when they were 
suppressed, it was acknowledged, even by those who had been instrumental 
in their destruction, that there was a general decay of charity. They said 
that "in more than a hundred places where, in former times, twenty pounds 
a year were regularly given to the poor, now not one meal of meat was given ;" 
and the misery which was the consequence of this may easily be imagined. 
"In truth," says the Eev. Peter Newcome, Rector of Shenley, Herts, "the 
monks did more to civilise mankind, and to bring them within the comforts 
of society, than any set of men of any denomination have ever done. And 
yet the ungrateful world, that was enjoying the fruit of their labours, and 
their riches, now that it beheld the edifice completed, cast down the builders 
and the scaffolding as if no longer useful ! In spite of all the calumny thrown 
out against these monastic institutions, nothing so ^\eW proclaims their utility 
as this — that they maintained themselves in credit and repute, some of them 
a thousand years, and many of them during the space of three hundred, four 
hundred, and five hundred years, and that, when they were dissolved, Edward 
VI., and his counsellors, found it necessary to endow new hospitals, to build 
new schools, and to provide new relief for the poor and helpless." 



QM ISLA^DSHIEE. 

Such is a brief outline of the rise and j^rogress of the monastic state, of the 
introduction of the various rehgious orders into this countr}'-, and of the 
dissolution of the monasteries, at the time of the Reformation. Such were 
the motives which led to their suppression, the manner in which that sup- 
pression was effected; and from whatever point of view we contemplate it, 
we see the mark of evil set upon it in the most plain and unmistakeabie 
manner. It had its origin in the worst passions of the human heart : it was 
carried out by a mixture of fraud and most cruel violence, and without con- 
ferring anjreal benefit on any part of the nation, it produced ruin and misery 
for the poor. Thev, above all other classes of society, have reason to lament 
the day that saw 

" That -s-iolent commotion, which o'erthrew, 

In town and city, and sequester'd glen. 

Altar and cross, and church of solemn roof, 

And old religious house, pile after pile ; 

And shook the tenants out into the fields, 

Like wild heasts without a home !" 

WOBDSWOETH. 



KYLOE PAROCHIAL CHAPELRY. 

Kyloe parochial chapelry comprises the townships of Beal with Lowliu, 
Berrington, Buckton, Fenwick, and Kyloe, whose united area is 8,285 statute 
acres. The population in 1801, was 968 ; in 1811, 958; in 1821, 990; in 
1831, 927 ; in 1841, 1,023; and in 1851, 1,003 souls. Coal and lime are 
found in this district. 

Beal witpi Lowlix township is the property of Hugh Taylor, Esq., 
The acreage, &c., are included in the returns of the chapelry. This township 
was formerly possessed by a family which bore the local name, from whom it 
was transferred to the Bullocks, and from them to the Twizells, becoming 
ultimately the property of the present proprietor. The Hamlet of Beal is 
•situated near the sea, six and a half miles N.N. AY. of Belford. Here is a 
station on the l^ork, Newcastle, and Berwick Railway, and trains stop here 
three times daily, Thomas Stewart, agent. 

DiRECTOEY. — Adam Carter, cornmiller, Lowlin Mill; Henry Knight 
Gregson, Esq., Lowlin House ; Thomas Scott, farmer ; Thomas Stewart, 
stationmaster ; and John Tait, housebreaker, The Lcunb, Lowlin. 

Berringtox is a township and hamlet in the above chapelr}^ with which 
the acreage, population, &c. are returned. The Hamlet of Berrington is 
situated on the Wooler road, eight miles south of Berwick. Berrington 
House is the seat of Mrs. Eleanor Grey. The principal residents are 
Mrs. Eleanor Grey, Berrington House ; Mr. Adam Thompson ; and the farmei-s 
are John C. McDonald, South Berrington; Robert Mathisou, (hind) Berring- 
ton Lough ; and George Turnbull, Berrington Law. 

Buckton, a township in this chapelry, situated at the southern extremity 
of Islandshire, is in the occupancy of James Hogg, farmsr, and at East Kyloe. 

Fenwick is a township and hamlet, situated four and a half miles N.N.W. 



TWEEDMOUTII PAr.OCHIAL CIIArELEY. 9S7 

of Belford. The principal residents are Robert Aj^re, blacksmith ; John 
Brigbam, joiner ; Robert Brigham, joiner ; George Chisholm, farmer and 
brick and tile manufacturer, Fenwick Granary and Mount Hoolej ; Mark 
Chisholm, farmer, Fenwick Stead ; William Jeffreys , schoolmaster ; John 
Mills, tailor; Robert Newton, shopkeeper; Thomas Paxton, grocer and 
draper ; and William Simmons, butcher. 

Kyloe is a township and village giving name to the chapelry in w^hich it is 
situated, and with which the acreage, population, &c. are returned. The 
Village of Kyloe is five miles N.N.W. of Belford. The Chapel is a modern 
edifice, erected in 1792, on the south side of the old one, which was in 
existence previous to 1145, for we find it was confirmed in that year to the 
mother church of Holy Island. The living, a perpetual curacy in the arch- 
deaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery of Norham, is returned at £96 ; gross 
income JS138. Patrons, the Dean and Chapter of Durham ; incumbent, the 
Rev. John Edmonds. The register of this chapelry commences in 1674. 

Directory. — Rev. John Edmonds, incumbent. East Kyloe ; Eleanor AVilson, 
vict. Plough Inn, Half-w^ay House ; and the farmers are Andrew Craig, (and 
miller) Berryburu Mill ; John Forster, Smeafield ; Matthew Forster, Kent 
Stone ; George Hogg, West Kyloe, and Hunting Hall ; John Purvis, Carrier 
to Berwick, on Saturdays. 

TWEEDMOUTH PAROCHIAL CHAPELRY. 

TwEEDMotJTH, a parochial chapelry, situated at the northern extremity of 
Islaudshire, comprises the townships of Ord, Spittal, and Tweedmouth, 
whoseunited area is 5,140 acres. Population in 1801, 3,458 ; in 1811, 
3,917; in 1821, 4,673; in 1831, 4,971; in 1841, 5,202; and in 1851, 
5,714 soiils. 

Ord is a" township and village, the principal landowners of which are John 
Grey, Esq. ; Mrs. Isabella Grey; James Grieve, Esq. ; P. J. Selby, Esq.; 
and several others. The area of the township is 256 acres. The population 
previous to 1841, was returned with the chapelry; in that year it was 997, 
and in 1851, 914 souls. The Village of Ord, or East Ord, is situated one 
mile south-west of Tweedmouth, and was for many generations the property 
of a family which assumed the local name, from whom it passed to the 
Darlingtons, and Langtons. Many remains of antiquity have been discovered 
at various times in this neighbourhood. Ord House, the residence of James 
Grieve, Esq., is situated east of the village. Ord (Middle) is a farm one 
mile and a half south-west of Tweedmouth. Ord (West) is a hamlet and 
two farms, on the south bank of Tweed, two and a half miles west by south of 
Tweedmouth. 

Balmer William, vict. /S'a/?;jo?i Jw?, East Ord 1 Grieve James, Esq., Ord House 
Borrell Mr. Geo. Unthank Cottage Grey Mrs. Isabella, Middle Ord House 

Carr & Co. bone dust and patent flooring Home Alexander, scboolmaster, East Ord 



manufacturers, East Ord 
Dodds Emanuel, blacksmith, Murton 
Edmeson Mr. Eobert, East Ord 



Logan Thomas cartwright, East Ord 
Lilly James, shopkeeper. East Ord 
Lindsay Mr, Henry, Ord Cottage 



9.Q8 ISLAXDSHIRE. 



Linsay James, M.D., East Orel 

Eule Thomas, blacksmith, East Ord 

Stevenson Mr. Vrilliam, East Ord 

Tait Thomas, steward. South Ord Farm 

Y/ilkie V\'m. gardener, Ord Eield 

Watson Mr. Ealph, Unthank 

"Wood John, vict. White House, ]Murton 



Bell Adam, East Ord 

Burn John, 3Iiddle Ord 

Johnson Mrs. P., South Ord and Billy Law 

Laing John, Unthank ; ho. Cornhill 

Makius Pdchard, Murton 

Murray John, sen. West Ord 

Xesbit Thos. East Ord and Spring Hill 

Eohinson George, Ord Mains ; ho. Berwick 

Smith John, Hive Acres 

Smith WiUiam, Prior House 



Farmers 
Balmer William, East Ord 
Barclay John, East Ord 

Spittal is a to"svnsliip aud village, the property of William Dickson, Esq. ; 
Mrs. Fair, Berrvick ; Mr. Robert Yello^lv ; and several smaller jrroprietoi-s. 
The township contains 244 acres, and the number of inhabitants in 1841, was 
1,631 ; and in 1851, 1,736 souls. The Village of Spittal is situated about 
three quarters of a mile south-east of Berwick, close to the sea shore, and foims 
an irregular cluster of houses of all sizes and shapes ; the better sort having 
sprung lately into existence, in consequence of its rising importance as a 
bathing place. The name of this village is evidently derived from the word 
hospital, and it is probable, that the hospital for lepers, founded here by 
Edward I., was the origin of the present Spittal. The site of this institution is 
now entirely forgotten. The inhabitants are, with a few exceptions, fishermen 
and pitmen. Herring-houses abound here, and we may form some idea of 
the importance of this branch of industry from the large number of herring boats 
"which are drawn upon the beach. At the south end of the village, there is a 
fine mineral spring, called the Spa, which only requires to be better known, 
in order that its virtues maybe appreciated. Spiittal, hke Tweedmouth, has 
its salmon feast, which is held here in September. The Mayor and Burgesses of 
Berwick are lords of the manor of Tweedmouth and Spittal, ha^dng purchased 
til e royalties of the Earl of Sufi'olk, in 1657, for the sum of £570. Here is 
a United Peesbyteeiax Chapel, a neat and commodious structure, capable 
of accommodating about 650 persons. Eev, "William Porteous, minister. 
There is also a Subscription School, supported, as its name denotes, princi- 
pally by subscriptions, and attended by about 100 pupils. James Kirton, 
teacher. The baths here are much frequented by parties visiting Spittal during 
the summer months, and being situated near the sea, fresh water is pumped 
up every tide. fFo7' Directory see Bericick.J 

TwEEDiiouTH, a township and village in the chapelry of the same name, is 
the property of William Dickson, Esq. ; Mrs. Sarah Mary Forster ; James 
Grieve, Esq. ; the Corporation of Berwick ; John Laing, Esq. ; Messrs. 
Kamsey ; Mrs. Margaret Robertson ; Robert Smith, Esq. ; the Tweedmouth 
Brewery Company ; and others. The township contains an area of 2,328 acres; 
its population in 1841, was 2,574 ; and in 1851, 3,054 souls. The 
Village of Tweedmouth, the southern suburb of Berwick, is situated at the 
south end of Berwick Bridge. With regard to its origin we possess no positive 
information; but we find -that in 1203, King John attempted to erect and 
fortify a castle here, but he met with many obstructions from William the 
Lion, King of Scotland, who tNvice interrupted the work, and finally demolished 



TWEED:\rOUTH PAEOCHTAL CHArELRY. ^3'4V 

it. lu tlie year 1277, the English and Scotch commissioners assembled at 
Tweedmouth, in order to settle a dispute respecting the boundaries of the 
two kingdoms. It was here that the English monarchs and their armies 
encamped on the several occasions that they attacked Berwick. 

About a century ago Tweedmouth consisted of a long and irregular street of 
houses, and all the high ground between the village and the south and west 
was a common. In the course of years this common was divided and planted, 
and is now excellent land, well drained and fenced ; every freeholder and 
copyholder have shares to the value of three or four years' rent, advancing 
their property to twice its former value. In the neighbourhood of the Rail- 
way, the quarries and coal-pits have considerably advanced, and from the 
increased value of the land within these few years, the farms in the vicinity of 
the village rank in value and product wdtli any in the neighbourhood. There 
are a couple of foundries in Tweedmouth, two or three ship-yards, and a few 
engineering establishments. A number of herring-houses on a large scale 
have been erected here. From having been a small fishing village, Tweed- 
mouth has recently sprung up into an important railway station, on the line 
between York, Newcastle, and Scotland. The inhabitants of the village are 
mostly fishermen and labourers. At the east end of Tw^eedmouth is St. 
Cuthbert's well, a fine spring of water, in which it is said, the patron of 
the north, baptised several of our pagan ancestors. The Tweedmouth fisheries 
below the bridge are far more valuable than those of Berwick, though lately 
they have much decreased in value. There is an annual feast held here on 
the second Monday of July (old style), vihen the inhabitants entertain their 
friends with baked salmon and other delicacies, after partaking of which 
the day is spent in mirth and jollity. Boat races, quoiting, and dancing, are 
much indulged in on these occasions. 

The Church, or Chapel, dedicated to St. Bartholomew, is a modest and 
unpretending little structure, situated in the neighbourhood of the river ; the 
date of its erection is unknow-n, but it underwent a thorough renovation in 
1780. It was also enlarged in 1841, by which means 168 additional 
sittings were obtained, the whole of which are free and unappropriated. In 
its small burial ground repose John Mackay Wilson, Berwick's only poet, and 
James Stuart, who lived to the patriarchal age of 115 years. The living is a 
perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne, and deanery ofNorham, 
certified at .£ 1 .5 ; returned at £76; gross income £150; the patronage is 
vested in the Dean and Chapter of Durham, and the Rev. John Leach is 
incumbent. Here is a Scotch Presbyterian Chapel, erected in 1783, Edwai'd 
B. Roger, minister. There is also an English Presbyterian Chapel, a good 
stone building, erected in 1846, at a cost of about £1,000, which was raised 
by subscription. It will accommodate 400 persons : Rev. Andrew Cant, 
minister. The Church School is a large establishment supported by 
subscriptions, and attended by 100 children. Thomas Bonner, teacher. The 
Presbyterians (English) have a commodious school, which is attended by about 
100 pupils, Alexander Dewar, teacher. (For Director ij see Berwick.) 

The FaPvNE Islands ^re two groups of islets and rocks, which do not belong 



930 THE F.iRNE JSLANB?. 

to any hundred or division of the comity, as they he from three to ten miles 
out at sea. Pennant tells us that in his time, they were rented for £16 per 
annum, the produce being kelp, sea fowls, sea fowl eggs, feathers, &c. " Some 
of them," he adds, "yield a little grass, and serve to feed a cow or two, which 
the people are desperate enough to transport over in their little boats. The 
last isle I visited was the House Island, the sequestered spot where St. 
Cuthbert passed the last two years of his life. Here was afterwards established 
a priory of Benedictines for six or eight monks, subordinate to the priory of 
Durham. A square tower, the remains of a church, and some other buildings, 
are to be seen there still, and the stone coffin of St. Cuthbert. At the north 
end of the isle is a deep chasm from top to bottom of the rock, communicating 
with the sea, through v/hich, in tempestuous weather, the water is forced with 
vast violence and noise, and forms a fine jet d'eau of sixty feet high. It is 
called by the inhabitants of the opposite coast, the Churn." There are now 
three lighthouses on these islands. The passage between House Island and 
Staple Island, is open for vessels of any burden ; but is dangerous from a 
cluster of rocks, called the Oxsear rocks, that lie in the middle of it, on which 
account the passage is called Scar-road. There is generally from five to eight 
fathoms of water in this road, and in Budle Bay, from three to seven fathoms 
on a bed of fine sand. The Pinnacles, an island in the farthest group, is so, 
called from the vast columnar rocks at its southern extremity, over which the 
fowlers pass by means of narrow boards laid across their tops. Amongst the 
variety of birds which breed on these islands, we find cormorants, eider-ducks, 
puffins, hawks, guillemots, shags, gulls of every description, kittiwates, great 
terns, sea pies, rock larks, rock pigeons, and jack-daws. 

On the 5th September, 1838, the " Forfarshire"steamer from Hull to Dundee, 
with fifty-six persons on board, was wrecked, in attempting to pass, in a dis- 
abled condition, and during a heavy gale, between the Fame Islands : thirty- 
eight persons perished : eighteen were saved ;— ^nine of them by the courageous 
conduct of William Darling, and his daughter, Grace Horsley Darling, 
who occupied the Outer Fame Light House. The father and daughter 
ventured forth in a coble, in a tremendous sea, at the imminent risk of their 
lives. " By a daring effort, the former was landed on the rock on which the 
vessel was wrecked, and the frail coble, to preserve it from being dashed to 
pieces, was rapidly rowed back among the w^ild abyss of waters, by the skill 
and dexterity of this young woman alone, and there kept afloat, preparatory 
to the rescue of those in peril." The whole of the survivors w^ere taken from 
the wreck and conveyed to the light house, where they were taken care of by 
those who had saved them from a watery grave. The heroic conduct of Grace 
Darling and her father, excited universal admiration. All ranks — up even to her 
majesty Queen Victoria — united in doing tliis simple maiden honour; gifts of 
value were conferred upon her, and presentations of monies and medals flowed 
from all quarters. The Long Stone Island with its light house and occupants, 
have remained a favourite resort for the sight-seer, and the memory of the 
heroic act will long remain. Grace Darling expired from the eff'ects of con- 
sumption, on October 20th, 1842, aged twenty-six years. A monument to 



NOr.HAMSHIRE. 931 

lier memory, by Davis, of Newcastle, Las been erected in tlie chapel of St. 
Cuthbert, on the Fame Island. These islands are extra-parochial, and in 
185 J J contained a population of t\Yenty souls. 



NORHAMSHIRE. 

NoEHAM, on NoRHAMSHiRE, is a parish co-extensive with the hundred of 
the same name, and forming, until the passing of the 7 and 8 Vict. c. 61, a 
detached part of the county of Durham. It is bounded on the north and west 
by the river Tweed, on the south by Glendale Ward, and on the east by Island- 
shire. It comprises the chapelry of Cornhill, and the townships of Duddo, 
Felkington, Grindon, Horncliffe, Loan-end, Longridge, Norham, Norham 
Mains, Shoresw^ood, Thornton, and Twizell, wdiose united area is 19,849 
statute acres. The population of Norhamshire, in 1801, w^as 3,384 ; in 18 11 , 
3,5-^4; in 1821,3,906; in 1831, 3,744; in 1841,3,757; and in 1851, 
4, "289 souls. There are many freeholders in the parish, but in ancient times 
the greater part of the lands here were held by the Greys and the Nevilles. 
A considerable number of the inhabitants are employed in the Tweed salmon 
fisheries. 

CoR^'HILL is a chapelry, township, and village, the property of Sir F. Blake, 
Bart., and others. The township contains an area of 4,746 acres, and its 
population in 1801, was 668 ; in 1811, 725 ; in 1821, 863 ; in 1831, 765 ; in 
1841, 823 ; and in 1851, 973 souls. History is almost silent with regard to 
the former possessors of this manor. The Greys were the proprietors at 
the commencement of the reign of Edward I,, and we also find that the 
Swinhowes andHerons held lands here. The Village of Cornhill is pleasantly 
situated ten miles north-west of Wooler, and one mile and a half east by south 
of Coldstream. The Church, or Chapel, dedicated to St. Helen, is a neat 
edifice, and enjoys all the privileges of a parish church. It underw^ent a 
thorough renovation in 1840, by which means 111 additional sittings were 
obtained ; and in consequence of a grant from the Incorporated Society for 
promoting the enlargement of churches and chapels, 100 of that number are 
declared fre'e and unappropriated for ever, in addition to 135 sittings formerly 
provided, forty-five of which were free. The living is a perpetual curacy in 
the archdeaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery of Norham, in the patronage of 
the Vicar of Branxton, and incumbency of the Eev. Samuel A. I yler. Here 
is a National School, erected in 1832, at a cost of £130. It is supported by 
subscriptions, and will accommodate ninety-six scholars ; average attendance 
fifty ; James Laurie, teacher. Near the bridge are the ruins of an old castle ; 
and in a wood, in the neighbourhood of the church, is St. Helen's well, a 
medicinal spring, said to be very efficacious for the cure of gravel and scorbutic 
diseases. About two miles east by north of Cornhill, are the ruins of the old 
fortress of the Grej^s, Hetton Castle. It was besieged by the Scottish army 
previous to the Battle of Flodden Field, and from its position could not be 

3 L 3 



933 



NOEHAMSHTEE. 



easily taken, but it bas nov/ almost disappeared. Tbere is a fair held at Corn- 
bill annually. 

TiLLMOUTH, a hamlet in this cliapehy, is situated ten miles south-west of 
Berwick, at the confluence of the rivers Till and Tweed. Here are the ruins 
of an ancient chapel, dedicated to St. Cuthbert, and in its vicinity is Till- 
mouth House, an elegant mansion, the seat of Sir Francis Blake, Bart. 
Haly Chestees, an ancient entrenchment, is about one mile west of Till- 
mouth. 

Avries John, shoemaker, NewHarperPddge 

Blake Sir Francis, Bart., Tilhuouth Park 

Brownless Alexander, joiner 

Campbell Charlotte, grocer 

Carmichael John, steward of Sir Francis 

Blake, Parlc, Tiilmouth 
Carr Jones, vict. and farmer. Board 
Collingwood John, Esq. 
Darling Miss Ehzabeth, Melkington 
Davidson John, tailor, Donaldson's Lodge 
Elliott Nicholas, baker and grocer 
Fyler Kev. Samuel A., M.A. incmnbent. 

Parsonage 
Gibson Mary, shopkeeper, Donaldson's 

Lodge 
Johnson John, cooper 
Laurie James, schoolmaster 
Leith James, grocer and cartwright 
Marshall James, blacksmith 
Marshall Nicholas, tailor 
Philhps David, cornmiller 
Pratt Mr. G. W., Melkington 
Redpath James, tailor 
Eeid William, tailor 
Smith Robert, blacksmith. Old Hetton 
Swan Nicholas, shopkeeper and weaver 



Richardson Thos. vict. Collingwood Arms, 
Family Hotel and Posting House. 
CornhiU 

Thompson Adam, stationmaster 

Thompson John, tailor, New Harper Ridge 

Trotter Robert, shoemaker 

Watson Robert, gamekeeper 

Winter John, cornmiller 

Young Jacob,vict. Plough Lm, New Harper 
Ridge 

Farmers 

Avery William, Oxen dean Burn 

Black James, West Hetton 

Carr James, Cornhill 

Grey George, Old Hetton 

Laing John, Cornhill 

Nevins John, Marldown and Cramraond 

Hill Farms, Cornhill 
Phillips David, Cornhill 
Richardson Thomas, Cornhill 
Ramsey William, Melkington 
Sutherland Alexander & Sons, Melkington 
Tate John, Harper Ridge 
Young Jacob, New Harper Ridge 



DuDDO, a township situated ten and a half miles north-west of Wooler, 
the poperty of Thomas Friar, Esq,, comprises an area of 1,651 acres ; its 
rateable value is £1,654 ; and the tithes amount to £305. It consists of two 
i^irms, a chapel of ease, a public-house, and a few cottages. The manor of 
Duddo was ancieutly held by the Stryvelings, from whom it passed to the 
Claverings, and subsequently to the Greys. Population in 1801, 231 ; in 
1811,301; inl82],9S5; in 1831, 356 ; in 1841, 976 ; and in 1851, 286 
souls. The Chapel of Ease is a neat stone building ; the Rev. — Walters, 
B.A. curate. There is also a school which is well attended, Samuel Boak, 
teacher. On an eminence here called Grindon Bigg, are the remains of 
Duddo Tower, near to which are six stones, placed there in commemoration of a 
victory gained by the English over the Scots, in 1558. 

Directory.— George Carr, Esq., Greenlaw Walls ; Samuel Boak, school- 
master ; Isabella Hogg, vict. Swan Inn ; the Trustees of Alexander Laing, 
farmers ; Oliver Walter, draper and grocer ; Robert Robertson, blacksmith ; 
and James and Robert TuLLy, joiners. 



nobhamshire; 988 

Felkington, a townsliip, the property of Vansittart, Esq., is situated 

six miles S.S.W. of Berwick, and contains two farms and a few scattered 
houses. The area of the township is 1,431 acres, and its population in 1801, 
was 194; in 1811, 218; in 1821, 186; in 1831, 141; in 1841, 141; and in 
1851, 186 souls. The principal residents are Robert Atchison, innkeeper; 
and Robert Carr, farmer. 

Geindon township is situated seven miles south-west of Berwick, and con- 
sists of one farm and a few cottages. Its area is 1,475 acres, and the 
number of inhabitants in 1801, was 190 ; in 1811, 166 ; in 1821, 173 ; in 
1831, 162 ; in 1841, 143 ; and in 1851, 132 souls. The interest of £60 was 
bequeathed to the poor of this township by some person unknown, and in 
1787 it was invested, and now^ produces £3 per annum. 

Directory. — James Allan, blacksmith; Ebenezer Black, farmer; John 
Clark, joiner ; John Davison, tailor ; and William Davidson, gardener. 

HoRxcLTFFE is a township and village, the property of William Mather, 
Esq., Sir Charles Crompton, and several smaller proprietors. The township 
comprises an area of 606 acres, and its population in 1801, was 342 ; in 
1811, 343 ; in 1821, 351 ; in 1831, 369 ; in 1841, 322 ; and in 1851, 358 
souls. Lady Stanley, of Haggerston, is lady of the manor. The Village 
of Horncliffe is situated on the Tweed-side, four and a half miles W.S.W. of 
Berwick- Here is a neat Presbyterian Chapel, erected in 1853, at a cost of 
£600. It is. in the Norman Gothic style of architecture, and will accommodate 
400 persons. Rev. John Hunter, minister. The village school is supported 
by subscription, and is well attended ; Thomas Wilson, teacher. Horncliffe 
Hall is a fine edifice, situated on an eminence, from which many beautiful 
views of theT\Yeed and the surrounding country may be obtained. Near to 
this place is the celebrated Union Chain Bridge, across the river Tweed, 
designed and executed by Captain S. Brown, R.A., and forming an interesting- 
object in the beautiful scenery of the neighbourhood. This elegant structure 
was completed in July, 1820. It is 368 feet long by 18 wide, and the distance 
betv>'een the points of suspension is 432 feet. The weight of the whole 
bridge between the same points is estimated at 800 tons. It may not be 
generally known that this was the first suspension bridge erected in Great 
Britain calculated for the passage of loaded carriages. It was executed at an 
expense of ahout £5,000, and the trustees of the bridge presented the gentle- 
man above-mentioned with a thousand guineas above the stipulated price. 

Post Office, Horncliffe. — John ^Yealherston, postmaster. Letters arrive at 1 p.m., 
and are despatched at 7 p.m. 

Bell Nicholas, seedsman 
Brown John, farmer 
Brown William, vict. Fishers^ Arms 
Carr William, shoemaker 



Cooper Daniel, hlacksmith 
Elliott James, tailor 
Gibson Thomas, stonemason 
Hogg John, stonemason 



Lowrey David, joiner 

Paxton ; James, superintendent of salmon 

fisheries 
Thompson Mark, gardener 
Tiu^ner James, slater 
Turner Eohert, molecatclier 
Weatherston John, grocer 
Wilson Thomas, schoolmaster 



Loan End is a township and village, the property oi George Murray, Esq., 



034 



XOEIIAMSHIEE. 



George Smith, Esq., Alexander Smith, Esq., George K. Nicholson, Esq., 
John Grej, Esq., Mr. Archibald Noble, and Mr. John Dunbar. The area of 
the township comprises 833 acres, and its population in 1801, was 134 ; in 
1811, 153; in 1821, 143; in 1831,147; in 1841, 155 ; and in 1851, 177 
souls. It contains four farms and several good houses. The Village of 
Loan End is situated foiu' and a qnai'ter miles W.S.W. of Berwick. 

Dunbar John, farmer, Bank Head 
Hunter Rev. John, (Presbyterian) 
Mitchell Alex, superintendent of the Tweed 

fisheries 
Murray George, farmer, Mount Pleasant, 

and Velvet Hall Farms 



Noble Archibald, farmer, Bank Head 
Nicholson George Kerr, Esq. 
Rogei'son Jas. beer retailer, Chain Bridge 
Smith George, farmer, and at Town Farm, 

An croft 
Younger Mr. Thomas 



LoNGEiDGE, a small township situated three and a half miles south-west of 
Berwick, contains two farms and a few houses, with the ma.nsion-house of 
William Mather, Esq., who is the proprietor of the whole township. Lady 
Stanley, of Haggerston, is lady of the manor. The township contains 558 
acres, and the number of its inliabitants in 1801, was 66 ; in 1811, 70 ; in 
1821, 81 ; in 1831, 105 ; in 1841, 68 ; and in 1851, 74 souls. The rateable 
value is £960. Here is a station on the York, Newcastle, and Berwick 
Railway, where several trains stop daily. 

Directory —William Mather, Esq., Longridge House ; James Drysdale, 
vict. Velvet Hall ; Peter Luke, gardener ; William Moor, farmer, Longiidge 
Farm ; Charles Sidwell, station master : and George Murray, farmer. Velvet 
Hall and Mount Pleasant. 

NoRHAM is a township and village giving name to the parish in which it is 
situated. The area of the township is 2,117 acres, and its rateable value 
£4,835. Population in 1801, 728 ; in 1811, 781; in 1821, 901 ; in 1831, 
819 ; in 1841, 902 ; and in 1851, 1,033 souls. Landowners, Sir F. Blake, 
Bart.; George Bea, Esq., of Middleton; Thomas Friar, Esq.; Thomas Hodg- 
son, Esq.; T. Y. Jamieson, Esq.; T. S. Ord, Esq.; Miss Fenwick ; Eev. L. S. 
Ord, and several smaller proprietors. Lady Stanley, of Haggerston, is lady 
of the manor. The Village of Norham is pleasantly situated on the 
Tweed, seven miles south-west of Berwick. It presents little to interest the 
visitor, save its proximity to the castle, whose ruins and historical importance 
attest its magnificence and strength, rendering every circumstance respecting 
it worth recording. Its ancient name was Ubbansford, or Upperford, and its 
origin is ascribed to Egbert, the twelfth Bishop of Lindisfarne, who is said to 
have built it about the year 830. It was afterwards greatly improved and 
strengthened by Bishop Flambard, and Hugh Pudsey granted the inhabitants 
a charter of privileges, " of equal tenure with other burgesses north of the 
Tyne, and similar to those of Newcastle." Fairs for cattle and pedlery are 
held on the third Tuesday in May, and the second Tuesday in October. 
Norham, from its local situation between England and Scotland, was frequently 
the place of rendezvous between the nobility and principal individuals con- 
cerned in the border feuds. Norham Castle has been beautiftiUy described 
in Scott's Marmion :— , 



KORHAMSHIRir. 93 Q 

" Day set on Norham's castled sleep, 
And Tweed's fair river broad and deep, 

And Cheviot's mountains lone : 
The battled towers, the Donjon Keep, 
The loop-hole grates where captives weep, 
The Hanking walls that round it sweep 

In yellow lustre shone. 
The warriors on the turrets high. 
Moving athwart the evening sky, 

Seem'd forms of giant height, 
Their armour, as it caught the rays, 
Flash'd back again the western blaze 

In lines of dazzling light. 

The whole first canto of that poem is taken up with the description of Lord 
Marmion s train, and his reception and entertainment in this castle, in the year 
1513. The castle is situated a little to the east of the village, on a steep bank, 
overhanging the Tweed, from which it is inaccessible, and previous totlie intro- 
duction of gunpowder, appears to have been almost impregnable. Cam-den tells us 
that " it was fortified with a trench, the outer wall guarded with many turrets 
of vast compass, the w^all towards the river was much stronger, encompassing 
the keep or dungeon, of prodigious height." In the year 1121, the warlike 
and enterprising Flambard, Bishop of Durham, fully appreciating the impor- 
tance of the situation, resolved to erect a fortress upon it to keep the restless 
borderers in awe, and this great work he lived to accomplish, in defiance of the 
many difficulties with which he had to contend. Upon the demise of this 
prelate, Norham Castle was besieged by David I., of Scotland, who, after 
a gallant defence by the garrison, obtained possession of both town and castle, 
which he ordered to be destroyed. They were, however, shortly afterwards 
restored by Bishop Pudsey. Norham then became a place of great importance 
and vast strength as a border fortress, and numerous conferences were held here 
between King John and Vv^illiam the Lion, chiefly respecting the claim of the 
latter to the northern counties of England. In 1215, the castle was invested 
by John, in resentment for the homage paid by the barons of the North to 
Alexander II., of Scotland. On the death of Alexander III., without issue, 
the ambitious Edward I. met the Scottish nobles in the church of Norham, 
in May 1290, and tw^o years afterwards he received the homage of Baliol for 
the crown of Scotland in the castle here. In the following reign, Norham 
was besieged by the Scots, but the brave garrison, under the command of the 
Governor, Sir Thomas Grey, and the Lords Percy and Neville, defended the 
place so bravely that the enemy was forced to raise the siege. In the thirteenth 
year of the reign of Henry VIL, this war-worn castle was again attacked by 
the Scots, led by James IV. in person ; and previous to the battle of Flodden 
Field it was captured by the Scottish arm}-, who demolished a considerable 
portion of the old structure. Norham Castle was attacked for the last time 
by Cromwell, who almost totally destroyed it. It was afterwards unroofed, its 
stones carted away to fill up dykes and drains, and a general havoc made of its 
remains, until its present possessor in some measure preserved it, and it now 
stands looming grimly down on the waters of the Tweed, a relic " of days that 
are o'er." 



936 



NOEHAMSHIEE. 



The Chuech, dedicated to St. Mary, is a very ancient stracture, the time 
of whose erection is unknown, hut we find it mentioned as early as the year 
840. It formerly possessed the privilege of sanctuary for thirty-seven days, 
and contained three chantries. It suffered severely in the many sieges which 
the village and castle at different periods sustained, but in 1846 it was repaired, 
beautified, and the south aisle restored, and in 1852 the north aisle was also 
renovated, so that the old edifice will, probably, exist for ages yet to come. 
The parish register commences in 1653. The living, a vicarage in the arch- 
deaconry of Lindisfarne and deanery of Norham, is valued in the Liber 
Eegis at £15 6s. 8d. ; gross income £597. Patron, the Dean and Chapter of 
Durham. Eev. William Stephen Gilly, D.D., vicar ; Eev. William Scott 
Moncriefi, curate. Here is an English Presbyterian Chapel, erected in 1845, 
at an expense of £600. It will accommodate 500 persons. Rev. James 
Stewart, minister. There is also a Scotch Presbyterian Chapel here, Eev.. 
James Anderson, minister. 

NoEHAM Endow^ed School will accommodate about 100 pupils, it is well 
attended, and all the children of freeholders are taught free. Eichard Forsyth, 
teacher. There is also a school attached to the English Presbyterian Chapel. 

CifAEiTy. — In the parish register, under the date of 1790, is entered a 
memorandum that Thomas Kidd, porter to the Earl of Guildford, left to the 
poor of Norham parish £100, which was then in the hands of Alexander 
Eobertson, at four and a half per cent, interest. This sum of £100 at the 
■time of the Charity Commissioners' report, was in the hands of the vicar, 
the Eev. Nicholas Darnell, who received it from the widow of his predecessor. 
He paid interest at four and a half per cent, on the 2nd of February, yearly, 
which has hitherto been given away by the overseers and churchwardens 
amongst the poor of the parish. 

Post Office, Noeham. — Thomas Kennedy, postmaster. Letters arrive at 1 20 p.m., 
and are despatched at 1 20 p.m. 

Gilchrist Eiizh, gardener, Norham Castle 

Gilly Eev. Wm. Stephen, D.D. vicar 

Hall Robert, tailor 

Henderson John, draper 

Hettel John, grocer 

Moncrieff Eev. "William Scott, M.A. curate 

Kennedy Thomas, grocer 

Lindsay Miss Hannah 

Malcolm James, tailor 

Marshall Thomas, shopkeeper 

Middleton Mr. Jonathan 

Nicholson John, tailor 

Miller Eobt. sergeant of the Tweed Police 

Paxton John, surgeon 

Pentland Joseph, joiner 

Probert Wilham C. constable 

Purvis Thomas, blacksmith 

Eichardson George, shoemaker 

Eichardson John, vict. and fisherman, 

Salmon Inn 
Ross Mr. George 



Ainslie Mrs. Sarah 

Anderson Eev. James. (Presbyterian) 

Armstrong Mr. Eohert 

Aynsley George, stonemason 

Bolton Elizabeth, grocer and fish dealer 

Blechynden Edward, preventive officer 

Bone William, baker 

Boggs Margaret, grocer 

Briggs Alexander, stonemason 

Briggs John, stonemason 

Cowe Eobert, baker 

Davidson Alexander, vict. Victoria Inn, and 

assistant overseer 
Davidson James, vict. Masons.'' Arms 
Davidson John, vict. Blach Bull 
Dodds Leonard, butcher 
Donalson WilUam, surgeon 
Duncan Hugh, schoolmaster 
Porsyth Eichard, schoolmaster 
Eriar Thomas, Esq. Grindon Eigg 
Gibsoa Andrew, baker 



NOEHAMSHIRE. 



937 



Erie Thomas, slater 
Eule "Williain, slater 
Sanderson Kobert, vict. and shoemaker, 

Sivan Inn 
Scott Joseph, registrar of births, deaths, 

and relieving officer for Norhamshire 
Smith Alexander, Esq. Gallowgate House 
Smith Mr. George 
Smith Mr. Eobert 

Stewart Eev. James, (Presbyterian) 
Strother Joseph F. saddler 
Swan Nichol, shoemaker 
Swan Eobert, grocer and shoemaker 
Thompson Thomas, butcher 
Taylor John, station master 
Weatherburn John, blacksmith 
Weather&ton Alexander, shoemaker 
Weatherston James, shoemaker 



Weatherston, Eobert, shoemaker & grocer 

"Weddell William, preventive officer 

Winter Alexander, joiner 

Young Andrew, grocer 

Young Mark, stonemason and parish clerk 

Farmers 

Easton Og 

Friar Thomas, Grin don Eidge 

Holland Ys^illiam 

Melrose John, East Nev/biggin 

McLeod John, Emerick 

Eobson James and Peter 

Smith Alexander, Gallowgate 

Steel William, Whiteburn 

Storey George, Eoyalty 

Weight Mrs. Jesse, West Newbiggin 

Wood Thomas, Newburn 



NoRHAM Mains is a township situated six miles south-west by west of 
Berwick. Mrs. General Blake and Wilh'am Mather, Esq., are the land 
owners. Its area is 1,061 acres, and its rateable value £1,953 10s. The 
number of inhabitants in 1801, was' 88: in 1811, 66; in 1821, 1S2 ; in 
1881, 119; in 1811, 98; and in 1851, 107 souls. This township com- 
prises Morris Hall, the seat of Thomas Hodgson, Esq., several farms, and 
a few cottages. 

Directory. — Thomas Hodgson, Esq., Morris Hall; and the farmers are 
James Black, West Mains; and William Cleghorn, East Mains. 

Shoreswood is a township and village, the property of Thomas Wood 
Craster, Esq., of Craster House. The area of .the township is 1,201 acres, 
and the rateable value £1,939. The population in 101, was 247 ; in 1811, 
219; in 1821, 261; in 1831, 279 ; in 1841, 315; and in 1851, 428 souls. 
The Village of Shoresvy-ood is situated five and a half miles south-west of 
Berwick, and is principally occupied by colliers and labourers. The 
National School is a good stone edifice, erected in 1836, at a cost of £550. 
The National Society, the Colliery Company, and the Rev. Dr. Gilly of 
Norham, were the principal contributors. The school will accommodate 120 
children ; average attendance seventy. It is conducted by Mr. J. B. E. Taylor, 
assisted by twc/ pupil teachers. Shoresw^ood Colliery is worked by Messrs. 
Carr & Co., and gives employment to a considerable number of persons. 

Directory. — John Arnot, blacksmith ; Messrs. Carr & Co., coal proprietors, 
Shoreswood Colliery; Nathaniel and John Dodds, farmers; Ann Mitchell, 
vict. and farmer, Salutation Hall ; Jane Shiel, vict. Plough Inn, and J. B. E. 
Taylor, schoolmaster. 

Thornton is a township and hamlet in this parish, the property of Lord 
Crewe's trustees. The township comprises an area of 1,390 acres, and its 
population in 180J, was 212 ; in 1811, 277 ; in 1821, 232 ; in 1831, 190 ; 
in 1841, 178; and in 1851, 169 souls. It was anciently the manor and 
residence of the Heron family, but was frequently wasted during the border 



938 EERWICK-UPON'TWEED. 

wars. The Hamlet of Thornton is situated four and three quarter miles 
south-\yest of Berwick. 

Directory. — Mr. Robert Manderson, Thornton Cottage ; George Davidson, 
schoolmaster ; and the farmers are William Makins, Mains ; James 
Nicholson ; and Mrs. Elizabeth Nicholson. 

TwizELL, a township situated four and a half miles north-east of Cold- 
stream, contains 2,190 acres, the property of Lord Fitzclarence, Sir F. Blake, 
Bart., and William Fenwick, Esq. The rateable value is £3,389, and the 
numberof inhabitants in 1801, was 284 ; in 1811, 305; in 1821, 308; in 
1831, 292; in 1841, 336; and in 1851, 366 souls. The manor of Twizell 
was the property of the Riddell family in the reign of Edward III., it after- 
wards passed to the Selbys, and from them to the Blakes, with whom it still 
remains, Sir Francis Blake, Bart., being the lord of the manor. The family 
of Blake is very ancient, and is said to be of British descent. At Twizell the 
river Till is crossed by. a fine stone bridge. Twizell Castle, the seat of 
Sir Francis Blake, Bart., is a beautiful mansion, situated on a rocky eminence 
on the eastern bank of the Till. It is constructed of white freestone, 
and is surrounded by beautiful and romantic scenery. 

Farmers 



Briggs William, stonemason, Twizell Castle 

Jeffrey Alexander, joiner 

Marshall Edward, butcher 

Moffett Robert, gardener 

Tate John, blacksmith 

Temple George, blacksmith, Tindle House 



Elliott William, Eiffington 
Makins Richard, Shellacres & at Newton 
Mitchell James, Tindle House 
Scott James, Boat House 
TurnbuU James, senior. Tiptoe 
Turnbull James, junior, and corn miller, 
Twizell Mill 



BERWIC&UPON-TWEED. 

Berwick-upon-Tweed, a county, parish, seaport, and borough, is pleasantly 
situated on the north side of the Tweed, wdthin half a mile of its confluence 
with the ocean, 337 miles north by west of London, fifty four south-east of 
Edinburgh, and sixty-four north by west of Newcastle-upon-Tyne. From its 
position on the confines of England and Scotland, it is not considered to 
belong to either country, but to be a neutral town in the kingdom of Great 
Britain. Its name is supposed by Leland to have been originally Aberwick, 
from the Celtic Aher, the mouth of a river, and ivic, a town. Camden and 
some others derive it from Banvlca, a " manor village." Dr. Boswell, says it 
meant the town of the Sernicians [Berniciorum Vicus), while others give 
various etymologies, none of w^hich are more satisfactory than those just 
presented to tlie reader. 

The county or liberty of Berwick, forms nearly an equilateral triangle, whose 
sides are each about two miles in length, extending northward from the 
harbours entrance to Lamberton grounds, and thence in a south-westerly 
direction to the Tweed, which forms the southern limit, whilst the sea and 



BEBWICK-UPON-TWEED. 939 

Berwickshire in Scotland, constitute respectively the northern and western 
boundaries. Within the liberties, which form one parish, are a number of 
private estates ; a part is let out upon leases, and the remainder, measuring 
about 4,500 acres, is parcelled out into separate allotments called " Burgess 
jMeadows," or stints, which are occupied by the oldest burgesses or their 
widows, and are worth from £5 to £15 each per annum. The parish of Berwick- 
upon-Tweed, comnrises an area of 6,195 statute acres; its j^opulation in 
1801, was 7,187^ in 1811, 7,746; in 1821, 8,723 ; in 1831, 8,920; in 
1841, 8,484; and in 1851, 10,294 souls. At the last mentioned period 
there were 1,384 inhabited houses, fifty-four uninhabited houses, and thirteen 
in process of erection. 

The Town of Berwick is equally celebrated in the annals of England and 
Scotland. Seated on a gentle declivity, forming the northern bank of the 
river, it enjoys a favourable southern aspect, and includes within its walls an 
area of little less than two miles in circumference. The town is fortified, but 
the works are chiefly modern, and of the ancient fortifications few traces novf 
remaim. The following is Fuller's description of the fortifications. ''Meg's 
Mount demi-Bastion, with a double flank on the right (south-west corner of 
the wall, looking on the Tweed). Cumberland Bastion, with upper and retired 
works to scour the ditch. Brass Mount Bastion, under the cavalier, are two 
casemented powder-magazines, covered by the retired flanks on right and 
left (north-east corner). Windmill Mount, with double flanks, a powder-maga- 
zine betu-een the Windmill Mount and King's Bastion. King's Demi-Bastion 
without a cavalier, has a flagstaff and retired flank on the left. Fisher's Fort, 
or Six-gun Battery, near the the Governor's house. Bramham's, or Four-gun 
Battery. The two last batteries com.manded the bar and entrance to the 
harbour. Coxon's Tower, near it on the right, for holding powder, ammunition 
&c. Saluting Battery, on which are mounted twenty-two four pounders, 
near the Governor's Hou.se. The master Gunner's Magazine is in Palace 
Green, formerly a reservoir of water. The walls and b^itteries mount fifty- 
four pieces of ordnance." The walls and batteries are just the same in the 
present day. The cannon, &c., were taken from the walls after the general 
peace, and are now in Edinburgh Castle. The ramparts constitute the prin- 
cipal walk in ornearBenvick,andare muchfrequented by the inhabitants during 
the summer months. The suburb called Castlegate, is situated without the 
walls, near the north-west part of the town, and a long range of houses called 
the Greens, stretches from Castlegate eastwards. The southern suburb, 
Tweedmouth, on the opposite side of the river, will be found described at 
page 928. Various improvements have been made from time to time 
in the old borough — the houses in Bridge-street, immediately focing the 
English Gate, and on either side one after another have been removed — the 
clumsy shambles have been swept away, their site forming a good Corn Market, 
and instead of the oil lamps " dimly burning," we have now bright jets 
of gas, whose light enables us to tread our way with safety through the streets 
of this ancient town. 

We possess no authentic information respecting the circumstances to which 

3 i\E 



940 HISTOET OF 

BerNvick owes its origin, but from the remains of Roman fortifications in 
the neighbourhood, it is supposed to have been a Koman station, indeed the 
spot upon \Yhicli the castle stood is said to have been originally a Roman 
camp. The consolidation of the Saxon power in this country, was the com- 
mencoment of a new era for Berwick. Penda, the pagan monarcli of Mercia, 
having overthrown Oswald, the Christian king of Noithumbria, laid siege to 
Bambrough, but being obliged to relinquish his project, he invested Ben^ick, 
took it by assault, and in sheer wantonness levelled it to the ground. The 
town was, however, soon rebuilt, and when the river Tweed became the 
boundary between the newly settled Saxon states, and the Scots and Picts of 
the north, Berwick became a frontier town of some importaDce. Then arose 
its fortifications and towers, fashioned in the rude masonry of the period, yet 
sufficiently strong to repel the attacks of the Scots. It is about this time 
that Berwick is first mentioned in history, for according to Boethius, Donald, 
King of Scotland, brother and successor to Kenneth IL, tlie conqueror of the 
Picts, after a sanguinary battle on the banks of the Jed, in which he defeated 
Osbert, king of Northumbria, marched his victorious army down the Tweed's 
banks, till he arrived at Berwick. The inhabitants hearing of their king's 
defeat, and being terrified by the number of the advancing marauders, 
abandoned the town at their appearance and fled into the country. On the 
entrance of the Scots into the deserted Saxon town, they commenced to plunder 
and revel ; but in the night the Saxons returned, and falling upon the sleep- 
ing and drunken foe, wreaked a fearful vengeance. Few escaped, the king and 
a few survivors being retained as prisoners. 

When Egbert, the victorious king of Wessex, had obliged the different 
Saxon states to acknowledge his authority, peace, and the numerous blessings 
which follow in its train, were experienced by the inhabitants of the town, 
which at this time began to increase in prosperity and population, and on the 
surrender of East Lothian to Scotland, by Edgar, in 840, Berwick became 
subject to the Scottish crown. Not long, however, could the Scots claim 
Berwick as their own. For the Danes came from the east, and as the ancient 
settlers had yielded to the Saxon invaders, so they in their turn, were com- 
pelled to " kiss the dust," and submit to the conqueror's yoke, from which 
they were not released till the time of the great Alfred. Cotemporary with 
the minstrel king, was Gregory of Scotland, who, having subdued the soutliern 
parts of Caledonia, and extirpated the Danish invaders, pushed on till he 
arrived at Berwick, the last refuge of the Ostmen in the north, which he 
endeavoured to carry by assault. Xerved by despair, in addition to their 
native courage, the Danes baffled every effort made against them, and the 
Scottish monarch was about to withdraw his forces, when an unlooked for 
event placed the town in his possession. The Saxon inhabitants of Berwick, 
had long groaned beneath the oppression of their conquerors, and longed for 
an opportunity of revenge. Taking advantage of the attack, they rose in the 
night, and opened their gates to the Scots, who, rushing into the town, after 
a severe and determined conflict, became its possessors. Following up this 
success, Gregoiy advanced into Northumbria, where he defeated an immense 



BERWICK-UPON-TWEED. 941 

army of Danes, aud returuing in triumph to Berwick, passed the winter there 
with his army. He granted many privileges to the town, which became again 
united to Scotland. 

We find the Xorman conqueror here in 1 079, when he compelled Malcolm 
of Scotland to render him homage. The Scottish king could brook this 
indignity only for a very short period, for he shortly afterwards captured 
Berwick, and returned home laden with the booty which he had acquired. 
On the death of Malcolm, his son Edgar assumed the Scottish crown, and gave 
Berwick to the see of Durham, in honour of its patrou, St. Cuthbert, under 
whose banner he had gained an important victory. But Flambard, the 
successor of Carileph, to whom Edgar had made the grant, disregarding the gift 
of the Scottish monarch, made an irruption into his territories, on which 
Edgai', provoked at his ingratitude, reassumed possession of the town and its 
A'aluable appendages. 

In the reign of Alexander I., Berwick began to assume the appearance of 
a port of some consequence, and was the capital of the East Lothians. In the 
reign of his successor the castle was built, or at least considerably strength- 
ened. It was now almost the chief seaport of Scotland, and ships from 
different nations began to throng its waters. According to Torfaens, the 
merchants of this town were men of great wealth and magnificence, and one of 
them from his vast riches, acquired the name of the " Opulent. " He 
embellished the town with various buildings, monasteries, churches, and religious 
houses. Tradition still preserves an adventure of this merchant. One of his 
vessels being at sea with his wife aboard, was taken by Erland, Earl of Orkney, 
who took her to the Fame Islands. The merchant hearing of the disaster, 
manned fourteen vessels with a competent number of men, and went in chase 
of the pirates, whom he found, gave battle to, and utterly destroyed. David 
of Scotland appears to have taken great interest in this town, for he made 
several improvements in it, and in 1141, erected a convent of Cistercian 
nuns in its neighbourhood. 

William the Lion, King of Scotland, having in 1 174, joined the three sons 
of Henry II., and others of the EngUsh nobility, in a rebellion against their 
sovereign, marched an army into England, but being opposed by Bohun, the 
constable of that kingdom, he was obliged to retire into his own territory. 
In revenge for this inroad into England, Bohun crossed the Tweed, burnt 
Berwick, and laid waste the adjacent country. William of Scotland was subse- 
quently taken prisoner at the siege of Alnwick Castle, and the only condition 
upon which he could obtain his liberty was, that he would make an express 
acknowledgment that he held the crown of Scotland as a fief of the crown of 
England. By the advice of his nobles William rendered homage, and swore 
fealty to Henry as his liege lord. It was moreover stipulated that the Scottish 
clergy and nobility should also render the same homage, that Berwick and 
four other castles should be entrusted to English garrisons, and that William's 
brothers and twenty of his barons should remain as hostages in the hands of 
the English monarch. 

When Berwick came into Henry's possession, he pulled down the Old castle 



94^ HISTORY OF ' . 

and commenced to rebuild it. For this purpose he sent officers, having his 
warrant, into the country on the border, who compelled all merchants, barons, 
priests, &c., to furnish so many men for the work. Slowly but surely the ponde- 
rous structure rose, and the Norman castle with its battlements and towers, 
donjon and keep, portcullis and drawbridge, in all the majesty of feudal 
grandeur, frowned gloomily over the sparkling waters of the Tweed. Of the 
strong and durable nature of the work, abundant evidence was furnished in 
1846, when, during the excavations for the railway, the vaults and founda- 
tions of several of the castle towers were exposed, and so strongly united were 
the stones of which these foundations, &c. were composed, that the pick of 
the " navie " could not separate them, and it was only by the application of gun- 
powder that the masses of stone could be detached. 

Berwick continued in the possession of the English till 1 189, when Richard 
Coeur de Lion, previous to his departure for the Holy Land, renounced for 
the sum of 10,000 marks, the feudal rights which Henry II. had extorted 
from William the Lion. Ten years after this, a dreadful inundation took 
place in England ; on the borders its ravages were most destructive, houses, 
trees, &c., were swept away, and among the rest the bridge of Berwick, but 
it w^as soon afterwards rebuilt. On the demise of William L, the Scottish 
crown devolved upon Alexander II., who revived the claim of his predecessors 
to the northern counties of E/jgland, being encouraged in the prosecution of 
this demand by the discontented barons of the north ; but John, wdio had succeeded 
to the English throne, not only refused to accede to the demand of Alexander, 
but made preparations for invading Scotland. In anticipation of this Alexander 
had made an inroad into Northumberland, whence he was soon driven by 
John, who, after laying Alnwick, Morpeth, and several other towns in ashes, 
took possession of Berwick, when the most barbarous cruelties were practised 
upon the defenceless inhabitants. The greatest atrocities were perpetrated 
in order to extract from the inhabitants the knowledge where their money 
was concealed ; and, to obtain this knowledge, they hung up both men and 
women by the joints of their thumbs, and inflicted on them various tortures. 
Berwick was again rebuilt and fortiiied, but only to suffer still more from 
the English and Scots, who were continually striving for its possession. In 
May 1217, the Archbishop of York, and the Bishop of Durham, came to 
Berwick, where they absolved Alexander II., of Scotland, who was present in 
person, from the excommunication which he had incurred by invading 
England in concert with Louis of France. Nineteen years after, the old 
town was the scene of a far different ceremony, Gilbert, Earl of Pembroke, 
having espoused Marion, sister of the Scottish King, came to Berwick to 
receive his bride. The nuptials were graced by the presence of Alexander 
and his Queen, and in the train of Pembroke w^ere some of the bravest 
soldiers in Europe. 

But it was under the fostering care of Mexander HI., that Berwick 
attained the summit of its prosperity, and its commercial and trading 
advantages were fully developed. He invited over a colony of Flemish 
merchantSj who established themselves in Berwick, where, in a street, still 



BERWICK-CPOX-TWEED. 943 

called the Wool Market, he built for them a mart, or building, which, from 
the colour of the stone employed in its erection, was called the Red Hall. 
The Flemings held it by the tenure of defending it at all times against the 
English. Bat a new era was approaching, when Berwick became the place 
selected for the decision of a controversy, which for a long period disturbed 
the harmony of England and Scotland. 

In the course of four years, Alexander of Scotland had seen his daughter 
and two sons consigned to the grave. Shortly after, he himself was killed by 
falling over a precipice, and the crown devolved to Margaret, his grandaughter, 
surnamed the " Maid of Norway." The delicate health of this princess 
awakened the expectations of her distant relatives, and Robert Bruce, the 
Earl of Carrick, formed a party among both the Scotch and English nobles, 
for securing to himself the sovereign authority. Baliol, whose family like 
that of Bruce, was of Anglo-Norman descent, though now allied to the blood- 
royal of Scotland, observed, and exerted himself to thwart the projects of the 
Earl of Carrick. From jealous watchfulness and petty quarrels the animosity 
of the two parties soon broke out into open civil war. Alarmed at the clanger 
which threatened the country, the states of Scotland, and Eric of Norway 
invited Edward to assume once more the character of a peace-maker. He 
did not, however, forget that of a politician, for he proposed a marriage between 
the princess and his own son. The proposal was agreed to, but the " Maid 
of Norway," overcome with the fatigues of a rough passage from her native 
country, had expired in the Orkneys. 

Thirteen competitors for the crown now at once started forth. The three 
whose claims were best grounded on hereditary right, were Baliol, Bruce, and 
Hastings. Baliol was undoubtedly of the elder branch, but the laws of 
succession were not so well defined as at the present day. Bruce put in his 
claim as being the grandson, while Baliol was only the great grandson of 
David. Unable to decide, or dreading a continuation of civil war, the Scots 
determined to refer these various claims to the wisdom of Edward. The 
latter accepted the office, not, however, as an honour, but as a right, as a 
consequence of his being the superior lord of Scotland. 

On the 2nd August, 1291, the town of Berwick presented an animated 
appearance, for within its walls the prelacy and chivalry of England and Scot- 
land had assembled to determine the rights of the various claimants to the 
throne of the latter country. The King of England having arrived, required, 
as a preliminary, that his feudal superiority should be acknowledged by the 
various claimants. They asked time to consult, and the First of June was 
fixed upon for the statement of their objections. None were brought. 
Edward then informed them that in virtue of his suzerainty, he would proceed 
to adjudicate. The competitors having signed a formal instrument in 
acknowledgment of the right of the English crown, Edward appointed a 
council of forty Scots, chosen by Baliol, forty others selected by Bruce, and 
twenty-four Englishmen appointed by himself, to examine the allegations of 
the different claimants. After an enquiry of eighteen months, sentence was 
pronounced in favour of Baliol, who having done homage for the kingdom, 



944 HISTOEY OF 

Edward delivered to him the fortresses which he himself had received from 
the Scots, and bj letters patent clearly stated that he claimed no right of 
wardship, marriage, or siezin of the kingdom. Baliol was crowned Kmg of 
Scotland at Scone, the 30th November, 129*2. 

Several appeals to his superior lord, particularly that of Macduff, son of 
the Earl of Fife, had given umbrage to Baliol, and he at length decided, in 
conformity with the expressed desire of his subjects, to assert his independence. 
He gave the management of the coming struggle to a council of four prelates, 
four earls, and four barons, and concluded a treaty both offensive and 
defensive with Philip of France. 

Edward suspecting his intentions, summoned Baliol, as his vassal, to 
accompany him to Guienne ; then he demanded the castles of Roxburgh, 
Jedburgh, and Berwick, as securities in his absence, and lastly summoned 
him to his court at Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Baliol refused compliance with 
these demands ; Edward accordingly entered the north with a powerful army, 
and after several skirmishes invested Berwick-upon-Tweed in the spring of 
1296. A strong garrison composed of the men of Fife, now defended the 
town, besides a smaller force that held the castle. The Enghsh monarch 
commenced the attack at once by sea and land ; of his ships, three were 
burnt, and the rest compelled to retire. Edward beheld the defeat of his 
fleet, and maddened with rage led on his men to the attack. The frail 
defences of the town gave way before the impetuous onset of the soldiery, 
who entering the place slaughtered the unfortunate inhabitants and soldiers 
without mercy. Amid the shrieks and groans of the dying, the cries for 
mercy, and the infuriated shouts of revenge, that rose from the captured 
town, the Flemings bravely defended the street, which they held in fief from 
the king of Scotland, on condition they should defend it against his enemies, 
and well and gallantly did this little band of heroes perform their tenure. 
Foot by foot did they retreat up the Wool Market, presenting an unbroken 
front to the overwhelming numbers of Edward's army. They gained their 
tower, barricaded its gates, and defied the whole strength of the English. 
Long and desperately did they maintain their post against their assailants, 
who, maddened with the death of one of their favourite leaders, that had 
fallen pierced by a Flemish spear, and despairing of carrying the place by 
storm, heaped together a quantity of straw and wood, mixed with broken 
furniture, at the gate of the tower ; a torch was applied, and the stifling 
smoke began to eddy around the brave Flemings, but they scorned to yield, 
and it was not till the roof, walls, and battlements had fallen in, and the 
brave defenders of the tower were buried in its ruins that the Enghsh could 
say the Red Hall was their own. The castle surrendered, and its garrison 
was allowed to depart weaponless, on condition of not bearing arms against 
England. Many writers state the slaughter of the inhabitants by Edward as 
enormous. Boetliius tells us 7,000 were butchered, others assert the number 
to be much greater. We have no account of the loss of the English. 
Immediately after this, Edward despatched the Earl of Warene against the 
strong castle of Dunbar, in the neighbourhood of which the Scots were 



BERWICK-UPOX-TWEED. ^45 

defeated "with great slaughter. This battle was followed by the submission 
of all Scotland ; Edinburgh and Perth, the rival capitals, and all the fortresses 
as far as Moray Frith, opened their gates. At Berwick, meantime, Edward 
received the homage of all the prelates, barons, tenants of the crown, and 
representatives of the towns. 

While the great mass of the Scottish population quietly submitted, others 
did not yet despair of their country's independence, and not a few were 
lurking in arms amid the woods and morasses of the mountains. The fame 
of one, who like themselves, was an outlaw, attracted their attention ; his 
exploits were in every mouth, and hope was heightened to enthusiasm by 
tidings of a bold encounter, in which he slew the sheriff of Lanarkshire, and 
still more when joined by Sir William Douglas, he entered Scone, put the 
justiciary to flight, and seized the treasures. The outlaw's name was William 
Wallace. Animated by his example, chieftains arose in almost every county, 
and their followers were soon afterwards united into one numerous army. 
Headed by V/allace, the Scots defeated the English forces at Stirling Bridge ; 
pushed on towards Berwick, and immediately laid siege to the castle. The 
fortress being well garrisoned and victualled, held out bravely, and in spite 
of the courage of Wallace, wdio led his Scots to repeated assaults, the governor 
defied him. The Scottish leader was obliged to raise the siege on the advance 
of the English regent, who, in the king's absence, marched to the relief of 
Berwick with an army of upwards of 13,000 men. 

After the defeat of the Scots at Falkirk, the cause of independence 
languished, and Wallace became a wanderer. Betrayed by one whose 
brother he had killed, he w^as crowned with laurel in mockery, and sentenced 
to death for treason. Wallace underwent the awful punishment ; his head 
was placed upon the Tower of London, and one of his arms hung from the 
point of a spear on Berwick Bridge. Tradition tells us that some charitable 
hand removed this relic of the Scottish hero from its ignominious position, and 
gave it sepulture in the spot now known by the designation of "Wallace's 
Green." In the following year, Berwick witnessed the execution of some 
more Scottish patriots. Niel Bruce, brother of Eobert Bruce, the deliverer 
of Scotland, and some other knights w^ere taken prisoners in an attack upon 
Kildrummy Castle, brought to Berwick, where they were tried, and afterwards 
hung, drawn, and quartered on a small hill to the left of the Edinburgh Bead, 
still called the Gallow-s Knowe. 

The Countess of Buchan having dared to place the crown of Scotland upon 
the head of Robert Bruce, in 1306, and soon afterwards falling into the 
hands of Edw-ard, was by him doomed to experience a severe fate. In one 
of the outer turrets of the castle of Berwick was constructed a cage, latticed 
and crossed barred with w^ood, and secured with iron, in which this unfortu- 
nate lady was immured. No person was permitted to speak with her except 
the women who brought her food, and it was carefully stipulated that these 
should be of English extraction. Confined in this rigorous manner, she 
remained for four years shut up in her cage, at the end of which period, she 
was transferred to a less rigorous confinement in tlie Carmelite convent in 
the town. 



946 rrrsTORY of . 

Edward died in 1307, and on his death-bed cooimanded his son to prosecute 
the war with the Scots, and to carry his bones before the army to the ver}^ 
extremity of Scotland. On the Idng's death these commands were disregarded. 
His successor hastened from the capital to the borders ; received the homage 
of the English barons at Carlisle, and that of the Scotch at Dumfries ; and 
at the head of a gallant army advanced in pursuit of Bruce, whom he followed 
into Ayrshh'e, and then returned to England. He made several inroads 
into Scotland through Berwick, during the years 1310 and 1311, and, in 
1314, he assembled there the most numerous army that had ever crossed the 
border. It consisted of nearly 100,000 men, of whom 40,000 were cavalry, 
and the rest infantry. Having obtained an additional reinforcement from 
the northern counties, this powerful army advanced into Scotland in two 
columns, under the command of leaders of the most distinguished character. 

Hearing of Edwards approach, Bruce chose for the coming struggle a 
place called the Xew Park. It was partly open, partly covered with trees. 
The front of the position was secured by a morass, and the east, or right flank, 
by the precipitous banks of a stream called Bannockburn. The left flank 
extending almost to Stirhng, seemed to lie open to attack, but was, in reality 
more dangerous than any other quarter, it was one extensive series of con- 
cealed pits, bristling with sharpened stakes. The hurdles and sods which 
coYcred these pits were sufficiently strong to bear a foot soldier, and certain 
of yielding under the heavy cavalry of England. At daybreak, on the 24th 
June, the day of surrender or battle, the Scots gathered round a height, on 
which an altar had been erected, and there the Abbot of Inchaffray celebrated 
mass. Having finished, he impressed upon his hearers the duty of fighting 
for their country, and then led them with a crucifix in his hand to the field 
of battle, where they knelt and prayed once more, and then calruly awaited 
the onset of the English. They were nearly all on foot, and were armed with 
spears and battle axes. Two occurrences gave them more than ordinary 
courage. One was the victoiy of Bruce in single combat with Henry de 
Bohun, one of the bravest of the English knights. The other was the 
defeat of a strong body of English cavalry, while attempting to push on for 
Stirling. This defeat was the more glorious as it was won by infantry, who 
forming in something like the ancient phalanx, repelled every assault, and 
drove the English at last into complete disorder. 

While the Scots were still glowing with this triumph, they were attacked 
by the English infantry, and soon began to fall in great numbers beneath 
the incessant shower of aiTows. To maintain the unequal conquest, Bruce 
summoned his reserve, and finally ordered his small party of men-at-arms to 
charge the English bowmen in flank. This movement decided the fate of 
the English infantry. They fled in confusion, and the knights with the Earl 
of Gloucester at their head, rushed forward to renew the conflict. But their 
horses were entangled in the pits, the riders were thrown, and the timely 
appearance of the Scottish camp followers, who had been stationed in the 
valley, scattered dismay through the English ranks. Edward, who was not 
deficient in personal courage, spuiTed on his charger to partake in the battle. 



BERWICK-UPON'TWEED. 917 

but the Earl of Pembroke wisely interposed, and led liim to a distance. With 
a few gallant exceptions, the whole body of the English was now in 
full flight ; baggage, treasure, engines of war, all were left to the victors. 
Edward, after a hot pursuit, must have thought himself happy when he entered 
the gates of Dunbar. 

On the third day after the battle, Edward arrived at Berwick, and while 
there published a proclamation, to advise his subjects of the loss of his great 
seal, which was lost with his treasures at Bannockburn, and warning them 
not to regard any orders that might appear with its impression, unless such 
orders were otherwise confirmed. Bruce subsequently restored the seal to 
Edward. We find Berwick described at this period as a strong and well 
walled town, from which it is apparent, that Edward during his Scottish wars, 
had not neglected to strengthen and build defences for its safe keeping. The 
king issued a summons a year after for his barons to meet him at Berwick, 
in order to ward off a threa.tened attack of the Scots, but when the king 
m.arched into Scotland, a famine threatened his army, and obliged him 
to return. During the absence of the monarch, Berwick did not enjoy the 
blessings of peace, for Douglas hovering about the neighbourhood, defeated 
and killed, on two several occasions, a Gascon gentleman, governor of 
Berwick, and Kobert de Neville, both of whom were interred in the church 
of the Grey Friars. 

Several attempts were subsequently made by the Scots to capture Berwick, 
but without success. At length, in 1318, it surrendered to Brace, who 
appeared in person before its walls. The Scottish king found the castle w^ell 
garrisoned with provisions and military stores, and instead of demolishing 
the fortress, which he had hitherto done with all he had taken from the 
English, he strengthened the fortifications and defences of the town, and 
ga,ve the keeping of it to his son-in-law% Walter Stewart, who vowed to defend 
the perilous post to the utmost. 

Edward being resolved to regain this important fortress, a parliament was 
held at York, and the barons who attended it, accompanied the king as far as 
Berwick, anxious to wipe out the stain which the defeat at Bannockburn had 
inflicted upon the chivalry of the nation. Edward entrenched his camp at 
Tweedmouth, and then began to invest the walls of Berwick, with all that 
eagerness which recent defeat and hope of revenge could lend. With a 
cordon of armed men, he slowly but surely surrounded the devoted town, and 
then began the assault. The English attempted to take the place by escalade 
but the ladders laden with soldiers were thrown back from the walls, and the 
dead and bruised assailants were cast into the trenches. Again and again did 
the English rush to the attack, and every time were they driven back. 
Bruce hastened to raise the siege, but despairing of success, despatched fifteen 
thousand men under Randolph and Douglas to surprise the English Queen 
at York, and to ravage the country. They failed in their first object, but 
their devastations were so extensive, that the archbishop, at the head of the 
posse of the country, ventured to oppose them at Borough-bridge. He was 
defeated, and three hundred clergvmen, and ten times that number of laymen, 

" 3 M 2 



948 HISTOEY OF - 

fell by the sword, or perished in the river. The disastrous intelligence soon 
reached the camp before Berwick, and Ed^Yard determined to raise the 
siege. 

The English monarch departed from Berwick never more to visit it. 
Bruce shortlv afterwards arrived there, and being sensible of the hazard to which 
it was exposed from its position, and of its importance as a frontier town, the 
Scottish king heightened the walls ten feet, added many tow^ers, and put the 
fortifications in a more complete state of repair. After a truce of two years 
the war was renewed, and Edward again entered Berwickshire with a for- 
midable army. From the scarcity of provisions, he was obliged to retreat, 
and in the year 1323, a treaty of peace for thirteen years was confirmed at 
Berwick. 

On the death of Bruce, in 1329, Edward III. revived the claims of the 
fflonarchs who had preceded him, and war was recommenced. Pretences are 
seldom wanting at the call of aggrandisement, and, in 133.2, Edward Baliol, 
the pretender to the Scottish throne, appeared at Ptoxburgh, where he sur- 
rendered the independence of Scotland to Edward III., as his liege lord, and 
engaged to put him in possession of Berwick with its territory, and other 
lands on the Marches. The repeated incursions of the Scots, furnished 
Edward with the pretext that they had violated the treaty of peace, and in- 
duced the English parliament to give its approbation to a renewal of the war. 
The campaign was opened by Baliol, with the siege of Berwick, which was 
gallantly defended by the Earl of March, the commander of the castle, and 
Sir Alexander Beaton, the governor of the town. Two months elapsed before 
the king of England arrived when the operations of the siege were immediateh^ 
pushed on with new vigour, and in a general assault the town was set on fire. 
The inhabitants, intimidated by the danger, stipulated to open the gates, 
unless they were relieved before a certain day, and Sir Archibald Douglas, 
the new regent of Scotland, anxious to save so important a fortress, passed the 
Tweed with a numerous army, and offered battle to the besiegers. Edward 
kept within his entrenchments, and the regent, having thrown a few knights 
and some provisions into the place, departed the next morning, ravaged 
Korthumberland, and laid siege to the castle of Bambrough, in which Queen 
Philippa resided. The king now demanded the surrender of the place ; the 
Scots replied that it had been relieved, and the English in revenge hanged 
one of the hostages, the son of the governor. This act of severity alarmed 
the relations of the hostages that survived, and new agreements were made 
by the Earl of March and Sir William Keith, who had assumed the command 
of the town, to admit the English within the v/ails at the end of five days, 
unless the Scottish army should previously raise the siege, or introduce a body 
of 300 men-at-arms into the place between sunrise and sunset of the same day. 
A messenger was instantly despatched to the regent, and on the afternoon of 
the fourth day the Scottish army was seen advancing in four bodies to attack 
the besiegers. Edward drew up his army on Halidon Hill, from which the 
archers annoyed the enemy, as they struggled through the marshy ground at 
the foot, and chmbed up the declivity of the mountain. The Scots were fatiguad 



BEEWICK-UPON-TWEBD. 949 

and disordered before they could reach their opppouents, and the obstinacy 
with which thej fought served only to increase their loss. The regent, six. 
earls, and many barous fell on the field of battle ; the fugitives were pursued 
by Edward and a party of the horse on one side, and by Lord Da,rcy and his 
Irish auxiliaries on the other, and the slaughter is said to have exceeded that 
of any former defeat. The town and castle w^ere immediately surrendered, 
and the young King of Scotland, with his wife, the sister of Edward, was 
conveyed for greater security, from Dumbarton into France, where he resided 
for several years. 

We find Edwardat Berwick in 1 335, and again in 1340. At this latter period 
he was accompanied by an army of 46,000 men. In 1341 he celebrated his Easter 
here, and held a tournament, in w^hich twelve Scottish knights entered the lists 
with twelve of the king's train. This spectacle was exhibited with great pomp 
and magnificence ; but from the animosity which existed between the people 
of the two nations, the exhibition was attended with so much ire and 
invetracy, and such bitter rivalship, that two Scottish knights, and Sir 
JohnTwiford, an English knight, were slain. 

David Bruce, King of Scotland, having been captured at the battle of 
Neville's Cross, in 1346, commissioners met at Berwick, in 1354, to treat of 
his ransom, andon the 3rd October, 1375, all the conditions of ransom having 
been agreed upon, the king was released, and the " great truce" for five and 
twenty years was concluded. 

During the absence of Edward III., on an expedition to France, in 1355, 
the Scots formed a scheme for the recovery of Berwick. Thomas Stewart, 
Earl of Angus, in concert with the Earl of March, having collected a great 
number of ships from different ports of Scotland, filled them with brave 
warriors, and in a dark night disembarked them on the northern side of the 
mouth of the Tweed, whence they moved unobserved to the foot of the town 
walls, and at day-break took the town by escalade. The English that w^ere 
on guard were quickly overpowered ; the captain of the town, Sir Alexander 
Ogle, and two other English knights, being slain. But the town did not remain 
long in possession of the Scots. We may judge of the great importance of 
Berwick in those days, from the anxiety of the English king to recover it; 
for, having received intelligence, while yet in France, of the success of 
his enemies, he returned into England with all possible expedition, and 
though his parliament was then sitting, he staid only three days in bis capital. 
Pursuing his march northw^ards, he arrived at Durham on the '^3rd December, 
w^hence he issued his summons to all the fighting men of the several counties 
of his kingdom, to attend him at Newcastle, on the 1st January. Having kept 
his Christmas at the last named town, he marched from it at the head of his 
army, and came before Berwick on the 14th January. His navy having also 
arrived at the river's mouth, he laid siege to the town both by sea and land. 
The castle still holding out for hhn, he went into it in person, accompanied 
by his guards, designing to let down the draw-bridge, and to attack the town 
on that side, while his army assaulted other parts of the walls. Sir Walter 
Manney, also, one of Edward's most celebrated captains, was employed in 



950 HISTORY OF 

advancing a mine below the wall, by the help of certain miners, who had been 
brought from the forest of Dean. The Scottish garrison, judging it impossible 
to hold out the place, against the combination of force and art employed to 
reduce it, soon otfered to capitulate, and were allowed to march out with safety 
of life and limb. King Edward, after this, made considerable additions to 
the fortifications. Berwick was again the property of the Scots in 1384, but 
it was very soon regained for the English by Henry Percy, Earl of 
Northumberland. 

Berwick enjoyed a short period of repose on the accession of Bolingbroke to 
the throne of England, and it was not till the rebellion of the Percies, that 
the town was in danger of being once more in the possession of the Scots. 
In ] 404, the Eaii of Northumberland engaged to deliver up the castle and 
town of Berwick-upon-Tweed to the King of Scotland, Robert III. resigning 
also his revenue of 500 marks per annum, out of the customs of the town of 
Berwick. Northumberland was arraigned for this, but escaped punishment. 
After the defeat of the Percies at Shrewsbury, the king seized upon all the 
lands and fortresses belonging to the Earl of Northumberland, and marched 
northward with a numerous and well appointed army, having with him artillery 
and other engines of war. The Earl of Northumberland had fled into Scot- 
land, carrying with him the son of Harry Hotspur, aiid left the defence of 
Berwick to Sir William Greystock, who, in conjunction with many friends 
and noblemen of Northumberland's party, determined to resist the king to the 
last extremity. Henry's summons to surrender the place was treated with 
scorn : the garrison, confident in the strength of the castle, and the many 
sieges it had sustained, laughed at the king's threat of compelling them to 
yield. Little did they dream of the new power which gunpowder had jDlaced 
in Henry's hands. Bolingbroke directed his engineers to fire upon the citadel. 
The first shot which reached it was one from a cannon of large bore, and as the 
report shook the foundations of the old walls, and infused terror into the 
souls of the enemy, a large portion of the tower, struck by the shot, fell in 
ruins. Defence was useless against this formidable assailant, and the 
garrison, relying on the mercy of the king, surrendered. Several of the most 
anxious of the nobles, made their escape by sea. Sir William Greystock and 
a few others were taken to the Gallows Knowe, where, having made their 
confessions and received absolution, they were beheaded : the remainder were 
sent to prison. 

After the sanguinary battle of Towton, near Tadcaster, in Yorkshire, which 
W"as fought on Palm Sunday, 1461, and in which the Yorkists were victorious, 
a party of the Lancastrians, viz. King Henry, the Prince of Wales, the 
Queen, the Duke of Somerset, and several others, being then at York, and 
hearing of the success of the White Rose, made a precipitous retreat to New- 
castle, and thence to Berwick, which they delivered to the Scots. The Earl 
of Warwick, the " King Maker," having reduced Bambrough, hastened to 
Berwick, which he speedily mastered and wasted the borders in revenge. 

The town appears to have shortly afterwards fallen again into the hands of 
the Scots, for we find that during the winter of 1480, the English laid siege 



BERWICK-UPON-TWEED. Gol 

to Berwick, both by sea and land. The works bemg new they flattered 
themselves they should with little difficulty be able to beat down the walls, 
but though several breaches were made, the resistance v/as so obstinate, that 
after spending most part of the winter in carrying on the siege, the English 
were forced to raise it, and retreat from before the town. In two years after- 
■wards, Edward IV. invested Berwick with an army of twenty-two thousand 
men ; the garrison made no resistance, and the town was imaiiediately seized. 
Lord Hales, who had the command of the castle, refused to surrender it, and 
prepared to defend it to the last. Four thousand men were left to continue 
the siege, and the main body advanced towards Edinburgh. Ijord Hales having 
done everything in his power to ward off the enemy, was forced to yield, and 
Berwick, for the last time, was delivered up to England, the Scots never again 
attempting its recovery. " And thus," say a local writer, " after a lapse of 
600 years, with the halo of centuries surrounding it, and the memories of 
the Saxons, Danes, and Scots upon it, did this old and war-worn pile fall into 
the hands of the redoubted English." 

In the reigns of Richard III. of England, and James III. of Scotland, 
commissioners were appointed by the two Crowns to determine the limits of 
Berwick, on which occasion it vras agreed that the disputed territory should 
remain uncultivated and uninhabited. In the year 1502, a treaty was 
concluded between Henry YII. and James IV. of Scotland, by which the 
Scottish monarch should marry the princess Margaret, eldest daughter of 
Henry, and by this union cement the friendship of the two nations. We are 
informed by HoUingshed that by this agreement, the young queen's jointure 
was to be ^2,000 sterling, and the writings giving and conveying them were 
to be delivered at Berwick to her father, or to such as were empow^ered by him 
to receive them. Her dowry amounted to about £10,000 sterling, to be paid 
in three equal portions ; the first payment at her marriage, the other two in 
the second and third years. The King of Scotland also stipulated, that the 
town and castle of Berwick-upon-Tweed, with the ancient bounds and 
inhabitants thereof, should for ever remain and be included in the present 
perpetual peace. Among the great days of Berwick was that on v\'hich, in 
1503, the Princess Margaret passed through the town on her way to Scotland, 
where she was to become the bride of James IV. According to the circum- 
stantial details given by Leland, Margaret and her splendid retinue were met 
"At the entrynge of the bryge by the cappittayne of Barrwyk well appointed, 
and in hys company hys gentylemen and men of armes who received the said 
qwene into the said place. At the tother end of the bryge toward the gatt, 
was the maister marshall companyd of his company, ichon bearing a stalfe in 
his haund. After hym was the college revested with the crosse, the wliiche 
was gyffen hyr for to kisse by th' archbyschop as before. At the gatt of the 
said towne was the maister porter, with the gard and soyars of the said place, 
in a row well appoynted. Ichon of those had an hallebarde or other staffe in 
his haund as the other. And upon the said gatt war the mynstraylls of the 
said capittayne, playnge of their instruments. In the midds of the said towne 
was the maister chamberlayn, and the mayre, accompanyd of the bourges and 



953 HISTORY OF 

habitaunts of tlie said place, in fayr ordre, and well appoynted. In such fayr 
ordre and company sclie was conveyed and brought to the castell, wher sche 
was receyved by the Lady DMrcy honnestly accompany d." The queen 
remained at Berwick for two days, where she had " great chore of the said 
capittayne of Barrwyk, and hyr company in likewys. The first day of 
August the qwene departed fro Barrwyk for to go to Lamberton Kerke in 
varey fayr company, and well apoynted." 

A treaty was concluded at Berwick, in October 1525, between the com- 
missioners of Henry VIII. and James V. for a three year's truce, and in 
1528, this truce was renewed for five years more. Another peace was signed 
at Berwick, in December 1533, to be broken on either side, as the different 
interests and ambition of the nations prompted, which happened very soon 
after; for, in 1541, the Dukeof Norfolk, at the head of an English force, 
marched into Berwick, and thence advanced up the Tweed against James Y. 
He burnt Kelso and several villages, and after having vainly endeavoured to 
bring the Scottish monarch to battle, the rigour of the season, and the scarcity 
of provisions, obhged him to re-enter Berwick, eight days after he had left 
it. Many additions and repairs were made to the fortifications of the town, 
in 1550, the great expense of which, with those of Calais, are stated in the 
Idng's journals as the cause for debasing the coin, and two years afterwards 
no less than £6,000 was expended for the reparation of this fortress, as 
appears from the minutes of secretary CeciL Not a yestige of these works 
is now left, they were swept away by the new fortifications which were com- 
menced in the reign of Elizabeth. 

In November, 1566, the beautiful and unfortunate Mary, Queen of Scots, 
after superintending the proceedings of the circuit courts at Jedburgh, a 
common practice, at regular seasons, with the Scottish sovereigns, and being 
desirous of seeing Berwick, came into the neighbourhood accompanied by a 
retinue of 300 horse. Sir John Forster, deputy governor, came with other 
officers out of Berwick, and tendered her the respect of the good people of the 
town. The Queen expressed her desire to see Halidon Hill. The captain 
escorted her there, and pointed out to her the different situations of the battle, 
Douglas Dyke, &c., he then conducted her to a spot on the west side of the 
town, whence a good view of the old borough might be obtained. She was 
saluted by a general discharge of ordnance from the town, and was afterw^ards 
attended b\^ Sir John Forster and his compan}^ as far as Eyemouth, on her 
way to Coldingham. From this time till the death of Queen Elizabeth, in 
1603, Berwick endured aloiost all the evils that can afflict a people from the 
guilty passions of rival sovereigns, and the turbulent manners of men whose 
forefathers and themselves had been involved in hostile broils for three 
centuries, during which period this town had changed masters no fewer than 
thirteen times. The union of the two crowns in the person of James VI. 
of Scotland, closed a long and almost uninterrupted scene of rapine and 
bloodshed. 

On the death of Queen Elizabeth, James VI. of Scotland, was proclaimed 
at B^i^ick, March 26th, ] 603, King of England, France, and Ireland, by 



BEBWICK-UPON-TWEED. 953 

the name of King James I., aud ou the 5th April, his majesty began his 
journey from Edinburgh, the royal retinue consisting of about five hundred 
mounted noblemen and gentlemen. On his arrival at the boundaries of 
Berwick, he was received with every demonstration ol loyalty and affection, 
by Sir John Carey, the marshall, accompanied by all the officers of the town 
and garrison. As the king entered the gate, the keys of the town were 
delivered to him by William Selby, gentleman porter, ou whom the king 
conferred the honour of knighthood, and returned to him the keys. At the 
market place the mayor delivered to his majesty the charters of the town, and 
a purse of gold; his majesty graciously returned the former, and as graciously 
retained the latter. In return the king confirmed all their charters, adding 
many privileges, which still remain peculiar to the town. In royal state 
James proceeded to thechurchjto renderthanks to God for granting him so peace- 
ful an entrance into his new dominions, and the Bishop of Durham preached 
on the occasion. On the following day the king visited the fortifications, 
port, and magazines, and at the head of the garrison under arms, displayed 
his skill in gunnery by discharging a piece of ordnance, a feat which was 
answered by a loud cheer from the assembled multitude. Influenced by the 
most humane and praiseworthy intentions, James endeavoured as much as 
possible to remove all recollections of past hostilities between England and 
Sco land, and in furtherance of this object his majesty ordered that portion of 
the country which had hitherto been called the borders, to be designated the 
middle shires. From this time the importance of Berwick as a frontier town 
declined. A long and peaceful reign followed, and though the borderers, for a 
century after, continued to rob and plunder their neighbours, yet the ancient 
feeling between the Scotch and English had changed to a more Christian and 
enlightened spirit. 

On the demise of James I. his son Charles ascended the throne of England, 
and after a brief struggle with his parliament, concerning the prerogative of the 
crown on one side, and the liberty of the people on the other, a civil war 
ensued. On the 3rd June, 1633, Charles I. arrived at Berwick, on his 
way to Edinburgh to be crowned. He was met at the foot of the bridge by 
the local authorities, and conducted with every mark of respect to the Market- 
place, where the recorder of the borough delivered a long and tedious speech 
in his presence, after which his majesty proceeded on his way. We find him 
here again, in 1639, when he was marching with his army to suppress the 
Covenanters. A short time after this latter visit, Charles granted to the 
people of Berwick, a brief in order to collect money to build a church, 
instead of the old one which had been taken down in the reign of Mary, and 
the materials employed in the reparation of the walls and fortifications. 

During the Parliamentary wars, Berwick was surprised by Su* Marmaduke 
Langdale, Sir Charles Lucas, and other English; and Clarendon tells us that 
'* Sir Marmaduke was no sooner master of Berwick, than several gentlemen 
and noblemen of the adjacent parts came flocking to see him, as did ofilcers 
and soldiers thereabouts, who had formei'ly served the king, well armed and 
appointed for war ; so that they had not only a sufiicient garrison to keep 



954 HISTOEY OF 

that place, but troops enough of horse to free the adjacent counties from 
those forces and committees, and other persons, who were either pubhcly 
engaged in, or well known private!}^ to wish well to the Parliament." 

After the execution of the king, and the defeat of Langdale and Hamilton 
at Preston, Cromwell resolved to march into Scotland, w-here Charles II. had 
been crowned and acknowledged as king. Ad'^-ancing by easy marches, 
Cromwell entered Berwick, where he quartered his army, and shortly after- 
wards marched into Scotland, the Scots retreating before him, and wasting 
the country. 

On the death of Cromwell, his son Richard was chosen to succeed him ; 
but he possessed few of the talents, and fortunately none of the ambition of 
the relentless Oliver. General Monk, who had been left in Scotland by 
Cromwell to subdue that kingdom, finding out howMuatters stood in England, 
cautiously removed from his forces those men whom he distrusted, secured 
the castles of Edinburgh and Leitb, and established his head quarters at 
Bervdck. He shortly afterwards proceeded to London, where, by his means 
was wrought the restoration of Charles II. to the throne of his ancestors. 

The annals of Berwick record nothing of importance during the reigns of 
Charles 11. , James IT., A^dlliam and Mary, Anne, or George 1. ; but the 
year 1745 brought with it the attempt of Charles Stuart, son of the Pretender 
of 1715, to regain the crown of his ancestors. Prince Charles, whose 
courage was not deterred by his father's failure, determined to make one 
bold attempt for the throne, and in June, he landed in Inverness-shire, with a 
few followers. No sooner did the nev\^s of his landing reach London than a 
reward of thirty thousand pounds was offered for his head, and the prince not 
wishing to be out-done in liberality, offered the same sum for that of George 
II. Everything was neglected for the coming strife, men's thoughts were 
entirely occupied svith war. Berwick was put into the best posture of defence, 
and made a depot for arms and ammunition. The inhabitants formed them- 
selves into companies, chose their own officers, and did the duty of the 
garrison. On the occupation of Edinburgh by the prince's army, most of the 
gentry resident between that city and Berwick, hastened with their families to 
the latter place for protection. General Cope after his defeat at Preston 
Pans, retired to Berwick, where he arrived with several officers, and a body of 
dragoons, on the 21 St x\ugust. On the same day, the "Glasgow," man-of- 
war, arrived there with 700 Dutch troops, who introduced an infectious fever 
into the town, which swept off great numbers of both sexes. The army of 
the Prince invaded England by the western border, to the great joy of the 
good people of Berwick. After having advanced as far as Derby, the Prince 
and his army returned to Scotland, and at the battle of Falkirk, the too con- 
fident Hawley, w^as as completely beaten as Sir John Cope at Preston Pans. 

When the news of Hawley's defeat arrived at London, every face w^as 
clouded with apprehension, and the Duke of Cumberland was appointed to the 
command of the army. So expeditiously did the Duke travel, that though he 
left London on the 20th January, he passed through Berwi<ikon his way to Scot- 
land, on the 30th. At the approach of Cumberland, the Highlanders withdrew, 



BERWICK-UPON-TWEED. 955 

and prepared for battle on the heath of CiiUocleii. It was unfortunate that 
the}" had not chosen the mountam passes behmd them. Their number was 
now httle more than four thousand ; that of the enemy about eight thousand. 
The English had orders to attack, not the Highlander in his front, who 
could turn aside the thrust with his target, but the one on the right whose 
side would be unprotected. The plan succeeded ; the Highlanders burst 
through the first line, but were thrown into confusion bjthe second, and in 
half an hour were driven from the field, leaving upon the heather twelve 
hundred of their comrades. Orders had been issued to give no quarter, 
but the activity of the clansmen eluded pursuit, and the fury of the victors 
fell upon the wounded, who where barbarously despatched. Some disabled 
Highlanders had crawled to a neighbouring farm-house, but house and men 
were given to the flames and consumed together. 

The following is Monsieur Jorvin's description of Bervdck in 1763. It is 
interesting as showing the state of the town and castle at that period. 
" Berwick is the first town by which I re-entered England, and being a 
frontier to England, has been fortified in difi'erent manners. , There is in it at 
present a large garrison, as in a place of importance to this kingdom. It is 
bounded by the river Tweed, which empties itself into the sea, and has a 
great reflux, capable of bringing up large vessels, was it not prevented by 
sands, at the entrance of the port. I arrived here about ten of the clock on a 
Sunday; the gates were then shut during church time, but were opened at 
eleven, as is the case in all fortified places. Here is an upper and a lower 
town, which are both on the side of a hill, that slopes towards the river. On 
its top, there is a ruined and abandoned castle, although its situation makes it 
appear impregnable. It is environed on one side by the ditch of the town, 
on the other side by one of the same breadth, flanked by many round towers 
and thick walls, which enclose a large palace, in the middle of which rises a 
lofty keep or donjon, capable of a long resistance, and commanding all the 
environs of the town. The high town encloses within its walls and ditches 
those of the lower, from which it is only separated by a ditch filled with water. 
In the upper town the streets are straight and handsome, but there are not 
many rich inhabitants, they rather preferring the lower town, in which there 
are many great palaces similar to that which has been built near the great 
church, and in all the open areas are great fountains. And in one of the 
areas, the guard house and public market before the Town Hall or Session 
House. So that by walking over Berwick, I discovered it to be one of the 
greatest and most beautiful towns in England. 

" The greater part of the streets in the lower town are either up or down 
hill, but they are filled with many rich merchants, on account of the con- 
venience and vicinity of its ports, bordered by a large quay, along which the 
ships are ranged. There is not a stone bridge in all England longer and 
better built than that of Berwick, which has fourteen long and wonderful 
wrought arches, and is considered as one of the most remarkable curiosities 
in the kingdom. I passed over it on leaving the place. Adjoining it is a 

3 N 



956 HISTORY OF 

large suburb, Tweedmouth, from whence the country is covered mth. heath 
and briars to Ashton, where there is a castle." 

The " pomp and circumstance of glorious war" had long departed from 
Berwick, when the wars of England with Napoleon caused the inhabitants of 
the old town to resume their martial propensities, and on the threat of invasion 
by the French Emperor, there was no lack of volunteers, ready " to do or 
die" in the cause of fatherland. "In the memorable year 1804," says Mr. 
Sheldon, " the sentinel who watched on the lonely height of Halidon Hill, 
fancied he saw a blush far brighter than that of morning tinge the western sky ; 
he looked again, and lo ! the watch-fire of Dunse Law, thp beacon in case of 
alarm, was throwing up into the dark morning sky its volume of fire, startling 
the fox and prowling wild cat on the mosses of Lammermuir. It was no 
mistake ; for Cheviot, alarmed at the portentous signal, was also growing into 
a round of fire, and travelling northward with lightning speed. North 
Berwick Law took up the tale of fear, and struck terror into the heart of the 
Lothians and Merse. The sentinel on Halidon, convinced the French had 
landed, no longer hesitated ; but thrusting his torch into the prepared fire- 
wood, the flames instantly leaped into the air like a giant released from 
imprisonment, — and far over the dark and shadowy waters of Berwick bay, he 
saw the castle of Bambrough give the fiery alarm coastward. The garrison 
of Berwick saw the portentous blaze ; and turning out on the parade, the 
drams beat the well known hurried call to arms. The inhabitants awakened 
bv the throat of war, rushed hurriedly to the streets. The Berwick 
Volunteers w^ere mustering under arms ; for the report had spread that the 
French had landed on the west-coast. 

" Hall's Volunteers came mustering on the parade, mixed wdth the veteran 
soldiers of the last century, the Loyal Masonic Volunteers, enrolled from the 
different masonic lodges of the town, came " fastly forming in the ranks of 
war," the Sea Fencibles came pouring in from along the coast, to the number of 
a hundred, loaded with ball cartridge, and armed with boarding pikes and 
caps. The artillerymen were busily employed in running out and loading the 
guns of the ramparts, and now came thundering down the streets the tread 
of many horses, as the Yeomanry Cavalry of Berwickshire came pouring in 
under the command of Colonel Buchan, of Kelso, — all gentleman riders with 
high bread horses under them ; — riding at a sharp trot over the Bridge, their 
accoutrements ringing and clashing with their speed, came the Haggerston 
troop, commanded by its colonel, Sir Carnaby Haggerston. The Eyemouth 
Militia dashed hurriedly along at double quick time, whispering the dreaded 
news. Still more come trotting smartly up as the day dawned ; the Chirnside 
Volunteers, the Hutton Trainbands, the soldiers of Ladykirk, and the 
tenantry of Ford and Tillmouth Castle, headed by their respective landlords, 
on they come, pouring, thrusting and marching, every man ready for action, 
and animated with the feelings of a Spartan hero. The day declined, and the 
hardy volunteers bivouacked as best they might in the town, waiting for the 
appearance of the French, ' while some, like sacrifices by their fires of watch, 
sit, and inly ruminate tomorrow's danger.' But with the morning arrived 



I 



BERWICK-UPON-TWEED. 957 

amounted messenger, explaining to the jolly volmiteersthe mistake occasioned 
by the false alarm. Then was every face radiant with joy, the Fencibles 
started up with an oath, to testify their pleasure, some few indulged in an 
extra flourish Nvith their broad swords, as if they were sorry so much good valour 
should be lost. The inhabitants, overjoyed to be released from the horrors 
of a battle and a seige, threw open their doors and their pockets, and the 
brave fellow^s who so quickly came forward to protect their country at the first 
summons, were honourably entertained wdth the burgesses' best. Now that 
war smoothed his wrinkled front, and peace and jollity went laughing round, 
the volunteers entertained the good people of Berwick with a mimic 
representation of war, after which the yeomanry departed to their several 
homes ; the Fencibles withdrew along the coast to their houses, the Militia- 
men marched out in good order, and thus finished the mustering of the 
Berwickshire Fencibles on the occasion of the ' i'alse Alarm.'" Since then 
the cannons have been removed from the walls, the soldiers from the barracks, 
and from being so lately a garrison town, Berwick has become a quiet 
provincial town, with little remaining to indicate its former greatness. 

Extinct Monastic Institutions. — Berwick in former times possessed 
many religious and charitable establishments, which w^ere entirely sw^ept away 
at the period of the Reformation. No fewer than ten institutions of piety and 
charity bore witness to the zeal and religious feeling of the inhabitants of the 
town. Of these ten establishments, four were convents for men, two for 
women, and four were hospitals. A Dominican Convent was founded here 
in the year 1230, by Alexander TIL, King of Scotland, who also endowed it 
with a revenue of forty marks per annum, to which Robert Bruce added an 
annual rent out of a mill at Berwick. The Carmelites, or White Friars' 
Convent, was founded in 1270, by Sir John Grey, wlio appears to have been 
the castle chaplain. Of the Convent of Trinitarians which existed here, we 
have no authentic information, but its foundation is ascribed to William the 
Lion, King of Scotland. The Franciscan Convent in this town v>'as highly 
favoured by the English monarchs, who took the institution under their 
special protection. The Convent of Cistercian nuns was founded by David, 
King of Scotland, in 1141, and was afterwards richly endowed by the liberality 
of several individuals. There w^as another Cistercian Convent, dedicated to 
St. Leonard, at Halystan, within the liberties of Berwick. It was greatly 
enriched by numerous donations from Edward III., after the battle of Halidon 
Hill. The name of Maudlingfield still commemorates the site of the Hospital 
of St. Mary Magdalen ; a house dedicated to the Holy Trmity stood at tho 
end of the bridge ; there was also the Hospital of the Blessed Virgin, and in 
addition there was the Domus Dei, or Hotel Dieu, which was established at 
a very early period, and like all the other ancient religious foundations of 
Berwick, has long been discontinued. 

CHURCHES, CHAPELS, PUBLIC BUILDINGS, &g. 

Holy Trinity Church was erected in 1648, under the direction of 
Colonel George Fenwick, of Brinkburn. The materials employed in its 



9o8 HISTOEY OF 

construction were the stones composing the outside walls of the old castle of 
Benvick, and it occupies the site of the ancient church, which was pulled down 
during the reign of Queen Mary. The present edifice is of no particular 
order of architectm*e, the second storey being supported on pillars, joined 
together by arches, and not springing from the walls of the first storey. It 
has the appearance of one church standing on the roof of another, and as it 
possesses neither tower nor bells, the congregation is summoned by the bells 
of the Town Hall. The interior is very handsome, having several beautiful 
monuments, an excellent organ, and a very fine altar piece. The parish 
register commences in 157^. The living, a vicarage in the archdeaconry of 
Lindisfarne and deanery of Norham, is rated in the Liber Regis at £20 ; 
annual value, £289. The patronage is vested in the Dean and Chapter of 
Durham. Rev. George Hans Hamilton, M.A., vicar; Rev. Thomas Proctor, 
B.A., curate. 

OuK Blessed Lady and St. Cuthbert's Catholtc Chuech is situated 
at Ravensdowne, and is a very neat stone edifice, capable of accommodating 
about 300 persons. Rev. Anthony Mc. Dermott, priest. 

The Independent Chapel, Castlegate, is a large commodious stone 
building, erected in 1848, at a cost of £1,200, and will accommodate about 
700 hearers. Rev. George C. Morrison, A.M., minister. The Scotch 
Church, or High Presbyterian Meeting House, High-street, was erected in 
] 724, and possesses sufficient accommodation for 1 ,500 persons. Rev. James 
A. Miller, minister. The Low Presbyterian Meeting House is situated 
on the east side of Hide Hill. It was erected by subscription in 1719, and 
will seat about 700 persons. Rev. William Gray, minister. In 1729, Joseph 
Watson, Esq., bequeathed £5 per annum to the ministeis of each of the two 
last-mentioned places of worship, and also £10 to be distributed yearly to ten 
of the most deserving poor widows of both congregations. The Secession 
Church, Golden-square, was built by the Scotch Burghers, in 1770, and 
enlarged in 1796. It will now accommodate about 1,200 hearers. Rev. 
John Cairns, minister. The United Presbyterian Chapel, Church-street, 
was erected by the Anti-Burghers, in 1812, and will seat about 500 persons. 
Ptev. Robert Peden, minister. The United Presbyterian Chapel, Chapel- 
street, was built in 1756, and will accommodate 900 worshippers. Rev. 
William Ritchie, minister. The Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, Walkergate- 
lane. Rev. Robert Totherick, minister. The Primitive Methodist Chapel, 
College-place, was erected by subscription, in 1829, at a cost of £664. It 
is a neat stone edifice, and will accommodate about 500 persons. Rev. 
William Fulton, nainister. The Baptist Meeting Room is in Walkergate- 
lane, and will seat about 300 persons. Revs. Alexander Kirkwood and 
Charles Robson, ministers. The English Presbyterian Chapel, Bank-hill, 
is a neat stone building, erected in 1835, at a cost of £1,100, and possesses 
about 600 sittings. Rev. Alexander Murdock, minister. 

The Grammar School is situated in High-street. In this establishment 
the sons of the burgesses receive a first-rate classical education gratuitously. 
The institution is endowed with the three following bequests, viz. :— one-sixth 



BERWICK-UrON-TWEED. - 059 

of the tithes of Chesvvick, in the chapeliy of Ancroft, in Northumberland, 
bequeathed by Robert Jackson, Esq., in 1647, and now worth £56 per annum ; 
a school and dwelling-house for the master, left by Sir "William Selby, in 1 648, 
and one-fourth part of the estate called Cold Martin's Farm, in the parish of 
Chatton, in Northumberland, bequeathed by Christopher Hopper, Esq., and 
now producing £65 per annum. The annual income arising from lands and 
tithes, is about £650. The surplus remaining after paying the schoolmaster's 
salary, is appropriated towards the liquidation of a debt incurred in rebuilding 
the school and repairing the master's dwelling-house. The trustees are twelve 
gentlemen appointed by the Court of Chancery. Master, the Rev. T. M. 
Dickenson, M.A., who has a dwelling-house free of rent and taxes, and the 
privilege of teaching an unlimited number of non-freemen's sons, who pay a 
certain quarterly salary. Near to the above institution, are the Coepoeation 
Schools which occupy a line and spacious edifice, on the Bank Hill. This 
structure was erected in 1798, and at present (1854), there are about 420 
scholars receiving a gratuitous education in this establishment, to which the 
children of the burgesses have free access. Rev. David Brown, Alexander 
Slight, John Binning, and John Wright, teachers. 

The Chaeity School, Ravensdowne, owes its origin to the humane and 
benevolent exertions of the late Captain Bolton, of Berwick, who, in 1725, 
endowed it with £800. It has since received additions to its revenues from 
the following sources, viz. : — £50 from Percival Clennell, Esq. ; £100 from 
Mr. John Brown ; £20 from John Bell ; £5 from Mr. John Reid ; £91 2s. 3d. 
from Robert Edmuntson, Esq. ; £100 from an unknown benefactor; £1,000 
in the three per cents, from Mr. Cole, a Memel merchant, but a native of 
Berwick; £500 from Dr. Ralph Patterson; and £100 from William Grieve, 
Esq. The establishment is at present attended by about 190 boys, 40 of 
whom are clothed and educated gratuitously, and is conducted by Mr. Michael 
Lister, who receives £60 per annum besides the weekly payments of the 
scholars. He is assisted by four pupil teachers. This school occupies a 
good stone building, which was considerably enlarged in 1843, at an expense 
of £455. It will now accommodate 200 pupils. Thomas Hubback. Esq., 
treasurer. 

The School of Industey, Palace Green, was established in 1819, under 
the patronage of the ladies of Berwick, by whose annual donations it is 
liberally supported, for the education of poor girls, of whom there are now 100 
in the school, Jane Patterson, mistress. Besides the above there are also 
schools attached to the different places of worship in the town, as also several 
private establishments for education. 

Banks. — Noethumbeeland and Dueham Disteict Bank, Bridge-street. 
Busuiess hours, from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. except Fridays, when the bank closes 
at 1 p.m. This establishment draws upon Glyn, Mills, & Co., Lombard-street, 
London, W. H. Logan, agent. The Union Bank is situated on Hide Hill. 
Hours of business as above. This bank draws upon the Union Bank, Prince s- 
street, London, and the Bank of Scotland, Edinburgh ; Andrew Mallock, 
agent. The Savings' Bank, Quay Walls, is a provident institution which 



960 HISTORY OF 

affords a safe and profitable investment for the savings of the humbler classes. 
It was first established herein February, 1816, audit is open on Mondays, 
from 6-30 to 8 p.m., William Paulin, secretary. 

The Barracks are situated on the east side of the town, near to the walls, 
and almost facing the church. They were erected in 1719. The buildiugs 
are very strong and two storeys high, composing a square of 217 feet by 121, 
and are calculated to accommodate upwards of 500 men. After being for 
many years unoccupied, the Russian w^ar has caused them to be again brought 
into use, and the sound of the bugle may once more be heard summoning to their 
various duties, the brave defenders of our hearts and homes. 

The County Court for the recovery of debts under £50, is held on the 
third Tuesday in each month, in the Town Hall, James Losh, Esq., judge ; 
Henry Ingledew, clerk; George W. Dalton, deputy clerk; and John Currie, 
bailiff. Clerk's o£&ce, Silver-street. 

Customhouse, Quay Walls, John Adley, Esq., collector; James H. Blair, 
Esq., comptroller ; Jordan Evans, searcher, landing waiter, gauger, and tide sur- 
veyor; Robert Meikle, clerk ; and John Brown, locker. 

Dispensary. — This, the most important benevolent institution in 
Berwick, was established in 1814, for the purpose of affording medical 
and surgical aid to the lame and sick poor. From its foundation at the above 
mentioned period, it has rendered invaluable services to the people of this 
town and neighbourhood, by whom its benefits are highly appreciated. It 
stood formerly in a yard, in Church-street, but a proper building having been 
erected on the Quay Walls, the offices, &c. were removed there. Hot and 
cold baths can also be obtained at a trifling cost. Expenditure for the past 
year, £150, James Marshall, secretary. 

Gas Companies. — 'Berwick possesses two gas companies ; the " Berwick- 
upon-Tweed Gas Light Company," and the " Berwick and Tw^eedmouth Gas 
Company." The former was founded in 1821, and the company's w^orks 
situated at Fulford, were executed the same year, at an expense of £3,700, 
and the towai w^as first lighted with gas on the first of January, 1822. The 
gasometers of this company are capable of holding 10,000 cubic feet of gas. 
The company supply the public at eight shillings per 1,000 cubic feet. 
Mr. James Paterson, secretary and manager. The works of the Berwick and 
Tweedmouth Gas Company are situated at Spittal. They were erected in 
1844, and contain a gasometer capable of holding 20,000 cubic feet of gas, 
which is supplied to the public at the same rate, as hy the above company; 
William Taylor, manager ; John Wright, secretary. 

MxiRKETS, Fairs, &c. — The Corporation of Berwick, according to their 
charter, have the right of holding two weekly markets on Saturday and 
Weduesda}^ but only the latter day is at present observed. The Corn Market 
is held on the site of the old shambles, Hide Hill, w^here great quantities of 
corn are sold by sample. The Fish Market is held in the centre of High-street, 
and is generally well supplied. The Fruit and Vegetable Market is also held 
in the same street. The Butter, Egg, and Poultry Market, is held under 
the Town Hall. Three high markets are established in the year for the 



r 



BEEWICK-UFON-TWEED. 961 

hiring of servants, sale of black cattle, horses, &c. An annual fair is also 
held on the last Friday in May. 

Mechanics' Institution and News Eoom. — This useful institution, 
situated in High-street, was established in 1850, and is open daily from 
8 a.m. to 10 p.m., Sundays exce]^ted, when it is open from 6 to 9 p.m., 
William Fleming, librarian. 

The New Jail, Wallace's Green, is a very handsome building in the 
Elizabethan style of architecture, erected in 1848-49, at a cost of £8,500. 
There is a court held here every Thursday for the borough, and one for the 
county on the first Wednesday in each month. Mr. William Whinna, 
governor. The Pohce Office is at the Town Hall, High-street, John Anderson, 
superintendent. 

Berwick Subscription Libeary, situated in Bridge-street, was established 
in 1811, and contains about 6,000 volumes. It is supported by 100 sub- 
scribers, who contribute one guinea each per antium, and is open daily 
(Sundays excepted), from 12 noon to 4 p.m. W. H. Logan, Esq., honorary 
secretarj^; Patrick Clay, Esq., treasurer; Captain Smith, E.N., chairman 
of committee ; and Mr. Richard Woolley, librarian. There is also a Sub- 
scription Reading and Billiard Room and Bowling Green, at the Palace 
Green. Robert B. Weatherhead, honorary secretaiy ; and Andrew Mallon, 
honorary treasurer. 

The Town Hall is a very handsome modern structure of freestone, situated 
in the area at the foot of High-street, and consists of three stories, with a neat 
portico of the Tuscan order, whose pediment is surmounted by a graceful 
tower and spire, in which may be seen the Tuscan, Doric, and Ionic orders of 
architecture. This tower was commenced in 1754, and finished in 
1761 ; it contains a clock and some excellent bells, , The ground floor serves 
as a market for poultry, eggs, and butter. The edifice contains the usual 
municipal offices, and is in every way adapted for the purposes for which it 
was erected. 

The Berwick-upon-Tweed Poor Law Union comprehends 19 parishes and 
townships embracing an area Of 57,975 acres, and a population, in 1851, of 24,093 
souls. The townships and parishes are Ancroft, Berwick, CornhiU, Duddo, 
Felkingtoti, Grindon, Holy Island, Hornchffe, Kyloe, Loan End, Longridge, 
Norham, Norham Mains, Ord, Shoreswood, Spittal, Thornton, Tweedmouth, 
and Twizell. 

The Berwick-upon-Tweed Union Workhouse occupies a healthy situation 
in Castlegate, and was formerly used as a sacking manufactory, but it has 
been altered and enlarged by the Poor Law Commissioners, at an expense of 
£1,000, • There is a School attached to the Workhouse for the education of 
the pauper children. James B. Atkinson, governor; John Moor, assistant 
governor ; Jane Purdie, matron ; Alexander Kirkwood, surgeon ; William 
and Isabella Nesbit, teachers. 

York, Newcastle, and Berwick Railway Station, Tweedmouth, John 
Paterson, agent. North British Railway Station, head of Castlegate, 
Peter McMillan, agent. 



9G3 titstoRY 01?^ 

Sanson Skal House is a good stone mansion, situated about two and a 
half miles north-west of Berwick, upon an eminence, wliicli comlnands a 
beautiful view of the surrounding country, and is the residence of Mrs. Mar}* 
Forster. Castle Vale Cottage is a very handsome stone edifice, on the 
banks of the Tweed, and is occupied by iVlexander R. Lowrey, Esq. ; these last 
two or three years soaie first-rate houses have been built in and near 
Berwick. 

Bridges. — Bery/tck Bridge is a spacious and elegant structure of fine 
hewn stone, 1,164 feet in length, and 17 in breadth. It has fifteen arches, 
and was considered, for a long time, to be one of the finest bridges in the 
kingdom. It was commenced in the sixth year of the reign of James I., and 
finished on the 23rd of October, 1634, having occupied in building upwards 
of twenty-four years. Parliament granted the sum of £14,960 Is. 6d. 
towards the cost of its erection. The sixth pillar separates Berwick from the 
county of Northumberland. A century ago, the battlements at the outlets to 
the pillars were always covered with sods, as a guide to constables and others in 
the execution of vrarrants for the apprehension of delinquents. Speaking of 
this structure, Sir T. Dick Lauder says " and what an interesting old relic 
it is, with its inconveniences in regard to modern traffic, well designed for 
defence in the days when they were constructed ! We can never walk along, 
nor hang over its parapet, without peopling it with the steel clad horsemen 
and buff-jerkined pikemen, who were the figures who crowded it during its 
youth. How whimsical it is to think of the astonishment of these men, if 
they could be brought to life ! — aye, or perhaps m.ore wonderful if we could 
bring to life men who died fifteen or twenty years ago, in order that they 
might have a peep at the ' new Railway Bridge, w^hicli architects are now 
hanging in the air, half-w^ay between the Tweed and the clouds I But let us 
suppose the more ancient groups to be congregated on the old bridge, looking 
upward at the new one, and that a locomotive came suddenly along, to all 
appearance belching forth fire and smoke, snorting and hissing as it rolls 
along like a peal of thunder, with a train of some twenty carriages at its 
back, and we are disposed to think that they would be inclined to imagine 
that heaven and hell had changed positions." 

The Railway Viaduct, or Royal Border Bridge, was opened on the 
29th of August, 1850. This structure, which was inaugurated under the 
patronage of royalty, is the property of the York, Newcastle, and Bervv-ick 
Railway Company, and is used exclusively for railway traffic. It is one of the 
110 bridges, in that company's line, extending from this town to Newcastle, 
was erected under contract by Messrs. McKay and Blackstock, for the sum 
of £184,143, under the personal superintendence of Mr. G. B. Bruce, 
C.E., whose wife laid the foundation stone on the 15th May, 1847, and keyed 
the last arch in March, 1850. The first train passed along it in the following 
August. The viaduct consists of twenty-eight semi-circular arches, each of 
61 feet 6 inches span, springing from loft}^ piers, 8 feet 6 inches broad at the 
narrowest part. One half of the arches span the river, here a broad and 
beautiful stream, and the remainder are built on the neighbouring land south 



BEPaVICK-UPOX-TWEED. 903 

of the Tweed. The total length of the bridge is 2, ICO feet; its greatest 
height from the bed of the river 126 feet 6 inches, including the parapet; 
and its breadth between the parapets 24 feet, allowing a double line of railway 
to be laid. The viaduct is built entirely of stone, with the exception of the 
inner part of the arches. There are about one million and a quarter cubic feet 
of masonry in the structure, and two millions and a half of bricks have been 
placed in the arches. The greatest depth of the water at high tide is 23 feet. 
The design of the bridge is elegant, and the parapets are adorned on the out- 
side by miniature corbelled arches. One half of the viaduct, that which spans 
the river, is a straight line, the other half curves to the east, with a radius of 
half a mile towards to the south-side. The piers of the bridge, which are 
protected by handsome cutwaters, are carried up perpendicularly, and are 
narrowed near the spring of the arch by means of off-sets. The parapets and 
springs of the arches are of polished stone, but the rest of the masonry is only 
rough hewn. The appearance of the arches is extremely graceful. The 
stone for the viaduct was, for the most part, conveyed from the different 
quarries along the line in the county of Northumberland, at a distance of 
from fifteen to twenty miles from Berwick, and one reason why the bridge 
was not finished earlier was, that as the neighbourhood does not supply stone 
in sufficient quantities, or of the requisite quality, the erection of the bridge 
could not be commenced until the completion of the main line, so as to enable 
the stone to be brought from the south. The Tweed viaduct is perhaps the 
largest stone viaduct in the kingdom. Some similar structures may be longer, 
but less in height, and others may be higher, but they are not of such length. 
The bridge is secured at each end by substantial abutments. The foundations 
of the permanent viaduct were of a very expensive and difficult character. 
In the execution of the coffer-dams, Nasmyth's patent steam piling engine 
was used with great success. Two of these were at work night and day, as 
well as an engine of fifty-horse power, for pumping the water out of the dams. 
Piles have been extensively used for securing a stable foundation, the ground 
being principally loose sand or gravel, but it is satisfactory to state, that there 
has not been the shghtest shrinking at any point. No less than two years 
were spent in driving piles and laying the under masonry. The large embank- 
ment at the south end of the bridge is five-eights of a mile in length, and in 
some places sixty feet high. It connects the Tweedmouth with the Berwick 
Station, making a total distance of one mile, and contains upwards of 
700,000 cubic yards of earth-work. The contractor, at one time, employed 
upwards of 2,000 men in the various departments of the undertaking. The 
construction of this immense work formed a busy and a stiiking scene, full of 
interest and animation. Large groups of masons and labourers were always 
engaged in different operations, with innumerable carts, wheelbarrows, and 
other varieties of mechanical appliances. The huge forests of scaffolding 
raised to an immense height, were impressive from their variety and con- 
struction. But notwithstanding the magnitude of the undertaking, and the 
difficulties of the erection, the accidents, we are happy to say, were fewer 
than might have -been anticipated. The engineers-in-chief of this great 

3 N 3 



964 HTSTOEY OF 

work were Robert Stepbenson, Esq., M. P., aud T. E. Harrison, Esq.; Mr 
Bruce as resident engineer, superintended the construction of the works 
from the commencement. The contractors were Messrs. McKay and 
Blackstosk, of Cumberland. 

The following are the number of workmen and their wages employed on 
the old and new bridges. The contrast is striking, and may not be deemed 
uninteresting. 

Old Bridge. New Bridge. 

Workmen ....... 300 2,000 

Master Masons (per day) . . Is. 3d. 5s. 

Masons Is. 4d. 4s. to 5s. 

Master Carpenters .... Is. 8d. 4s. Gd. to 5s. 

Smiths ......*.. 8d. to Is 3s. 6d. to 4s. 6d. 

Labourers ....... 4d. to 7d 3s. to 4s. 

Ditto, per tide 2d. .3s. to 4s. 

Ship ^Yrigllts, Sawyers &Boatwrights 8d. to 2s.6d . 2s. 6d.to4s, 6d. 

Teade and Commerce.— Berwick was distinguished for its shipping at a 
very early period, and under the fostering care of the Scottish monarehs, it 
possessed, in 1156, more commerce than any other port of Scotland ; indeed 
the foreign trade of that kingdom was entirely in the hands of the merchants 
of Berwick, and in 1210, king John of England, having erected a fort at 
Tweedmouth, which proved very annoying to the shipping in the river, it 
was destroyed by William of Scotland. In Berwick, a factorj^ was erected by 
some Flemish merchants, whose bravery in defence of their hall has been 
already noticed. Dining the reign of Alexander III., the trade of this town 
seems to have attained its greatest prosperity, and it was said to be, by the 
chroniclers of the time, a second Alexandria. In 1333, Edward III., having 
become master of Berwick, was anxious to repair the damage which it had 
sustained, and for this purpose, invited merchants to make it their place of 
residence, but its trade was shortly afterwards interfered with by the English 
parliament, and suffered a considerable dimiuution. It revived again in 1899, 
when it was allowed to monopolise the exportation of all wool produced north- 
of the river Coquet. After this nothing of importance is recorded with 
regard to the trade of Berwick. That it still continued a port of some 
consequence during the last war, the number of smacks that were employed 
in the coasting trade sufficiently testify. The swift sailing qualities of these 
vessels, and their strong build, were admirably calculated to voyage through 
the heavy seas between Berwick and London. 

Fuller, who wrote at the end of the last century, informs us that " the 
coasting trade of this port has been increasing for the last twenty years, and 
is now of considerable extent, the principal part of which results from its 
famous salmon fisheries of the^river Tweed, and the surplus produce of the 
neighbouring country, since the great improvement and increase of cultiva- 
tion.- There is a very extensive and regular coasting trade now carried on 
betVv^een this port and London." This is indeed a thing that was. Scarcely 
any shipping comes now to Berwick, and the quiet, almost hstless aspect of 



BERWICK-UPON-TWEED. 965 

the old town, and its. inhabitants, to one who has just been observing the 
feverish and ahnost preternatural activity of Newcastle, is quite remarkable. 
There are no docks here, and with the single exception of an iron foundry, 
there is not a manufacturing establishment that deserves the name wdthin 
many miles of Berwick. But it cannot be expected to remain much longer 
as it is, now that it is the centre of considerable railway traffic, and few towns 
possess more local advantages for manufactures. Since June, 1848, Berwick 
has been an English port, whose limits commence at St. Abb's Head, being 
the southern extremity of the port of Leith, and continue along the coast of 
the counties of Berwickshire, and Northumberland, to the south of the Aln 
water, being the northern extremity of the port of Shields in the latter 
county, and includes the Fern Island, as also three of the lesser islands. 
There is a stone pier, half a mile in length, and terminated by a lighthouse,- 
on the projecting rocks, at the north entrance to the Tweed. 

The Tweed salmon fisheries constitute the most important source of the 
trade of Berwick, and give employment to great numbers of the inhabitants. 
Salmon are caught in great numbers in the Tweed, and sent packed in ice to 
London. They were formerly sent by sea, but with the facilities now offered 
by railway communication, a few hours v,'ill suffice to convey the fish to the 
metropolis. There is a considerable fishery of white fish and lobsters off the 
coast. Since the introduction of ice in preserving salmon, the price has 
considerably increased, and should the future fishing seasons decline as much 
as they have done for some time past, it is to be feared, that the salmon will 
become all but extinct in the river and hsij of Berwick. For a description 
of the river Tweed, see History of Northumberland, page 140. 

CoEPOEATioN, Government, &c.— Berwick is a borough of great antiquity, 
and in the enjoyment of peculiar privileges. The corporation which had 
previously existed by prescription, was, when the town became the confirmed 
property of the English crown, established by royal charter, and in the reign 
of Henry VIII., the borough was summoned to send two members to parlia- 
ment. The charter granted to the corporation, by James I., soon after his 
accession to the English throne, confirms to them all their ancient prescriptive 
franchises and privileges. Under this charter the burgesses claim various 
immunities, and exemptions, as well as very large territorial domains, over 
which they exercise the manorial rights. The total annual value of the corpora- 
tion property is £10,000 per annum, independent of which the corporation is 
in possession of several charity properties. Of this sum, £600 is annually 
divided among the resident burgesses and burgesses' widows, whether poor 
or rich, and of whatever rank of life, according to their seniority; very few, 
even of the youngest, being excluded. Fuller tells us that "since its conquest 
by the English, Berwick has been governed by its own laws, except in one 
or two instances, such as the mode of passing a fine of lands within the 
borough and liberties thereof, which is peculiar to itself. It has a mayor, 
and four bailiffs and sheriffs, with a court of aldermen. The judges of the 
borough are the mayor, bailiffs, and a jury of twelve men. The mayor, 
recorder, and justices have, by their charter, power to hold general and 



966 - - HISTORY OF 

quarter sessions of the peace for the trial of petty felonies, misdemeanours, 
&c. They have the power of holding a general gaol delivery for the trial of 
capital felonies. The sessions or court delivery, cannot be held without the 
mayor and recorder, who, when elected into office, continue justices of the 
peace for life within the borough. Gentlemen who have served the office of 
mayor, are also denominated aldermen. The Guild is composed of the mayor, 
justices, and aldermen for the year, four bailiff's, and the rest of the Guild 
brethren. Every question in Guild with regard to the interests of the borough 
is decided by the majority of the burgesses." For many years no private 
guilds have been held, committees now are appointed to carry the orders of 
the guild into effect. The mayor has power to call a guild, and must do so 
upon the requisition of twelve burgesses. By the passing of the Municipal 
Act of 1835, the office of sheriff was transferred from the mayor and bailiff's, 
to a suitable person, to be appointed sheriff by the council, and from that 
period may be dated the abolition of bailiff's of Berwick-upon-Tweed. - By 
King James's charter, the mayor, &c., had power " to try all off'ences com- 
mitted in the borough and liberties, and to pass into execution sentence of 
death and other punishments." By the 5tli and 6th Vic, c. 38, this power 
was taken away, and persons guilty of capital off'ences, punishable by death 
or transportation for life, must now be tried at the Northumberland assizes. 
A commission of the peace, and a court of quarter sessions have been granted. 
Petty sessions for the borough are held in the New Jail, Wallace's Green, 
Berwick has returned two members to parliament since the reign of Philip 
and Mary, and has always been what is called an open borough. The right 
of election was vested in all the burgesses, whether resident or not, in number 
about 1,000, Under the Pte form Act, the parish of Berwick, and the town- 
ships of Tweedmouth and Spittal, form one parliamentary borough, whose 
population in 1851, was 15,094 souls. For municipal purposes, Berwick 
has been divided into three wards, to each of which six councillors are 
appointed. 



BOROUGH OF BERWICK-UPON-TWEED. 

MEMBERS OF PAELIAMENT. 

D. C. Majokibanks, Esq., and John Porster, Esq. 

CORPORA.TION IN 1854-5. 
Robert Ramsey, Mayor. 



Thomas Bogue, Sheriff 
Robert Ingeam, Recorder 
Alexander R. Loweey, Treasurer 



James Call Weddell, Under Sheriff 
Robert Home, Town Clerk 
RoBBRX H. Weatheeheab^ Coroner 



BERWICK-UPON-TWEED. 



967 



ALDEKMEN. 



Thomas Bogiie 
Alexander Christison 
Patrick Clay 



John Cunningham 
Samuel Forsyth Edgar 
William Smith 



Thomas Douglas 
John Duncan 
Joseph Fleming 
Yvilliam Gibson' 
Charles Lambert Gilchrist 
James Grey 



COUNCILLOES. 

GecTrge Henderson 
John Morton 
William Pattison 
William Paxton 
Ninian Sanderson 
Colville Smith 



Andrew Thompson 
John Wilson 
Joseph Wilson 
George Winlaw 
John Young 



Superintendent of Pohce, John Anderson 
and James Craik ; Jailer, WilHam Whinna. 



Sergeants at Mace, G. Pearson Luggat, 



MAGISTEATES. 
Marked * are for Islandshire. 



Robert Eamsey, Esq. Mayor 
Thomas Bogue, Esq. 

* Thomas Hodgson, Esq. 

* George Kerr Nicholson, Esq. 

* Henry Knight Gregson, Esq. 



William Smith, Esq. 
John Pratt, Esq. 
George Gilchrist, Esq. 
'George Johnson, M.D. 



Msssrs. WiUiam and Edward Willoughby, clerks. 



BERWICK, TWEEDMOUTH, AND SPITTAL 
DIRECTORY. 

Post Office, Hide Hill, Berwick, William Gibson, postmaster. 

1st north delivery, 7-30 a.m. ; 1st north despatch, 9-20 a.m. 
2nd ditto, 3 80 p.m.; 2nd ditto, 7-30 p m. 

1st south deliveij, 7-80 a.m. ; 1st south despatch, 2-30 p.m. 
2nd ditto, 11-0 a.m. ; 2nd ditto, 7-35 p.m. 

Money orders granted and paid from 9 a.m. to C p.m. 

Anderson Mrs. Mary, Avenue 



Miscellany. 
Adley John, Esq. collector of H.M. Customs, 

Quay Walls 
Addison Ealph, mrkt gardenr,Tweedmouth 
Ainslie Miss Christiana, Bridge-street 
Alder Thomas, agent, College-place 
Allan Mrs. Agnes, Castle-hill 
Allan John and Co. sack manufacturers, 

Wallace's Green 
Allan Thomas, timber and slate merchant 

(Allan Brothers); ho. Bridge-end 
AlUson Thomas, parish clerk. The Walls 
Anderson John, superintendent of police 

and inspector of nuisances, Towa Hall 
Anderson Mr. John, Castlegate 



Askew the Misses, Castle-hills 

Atkinson Emma, music teacher, music and 

musical instrument seller. High-street 
Atkinson James B., registrar of births, 

deaths, and marriages, and relieving 

officer, Scott's row 
Atkinson Thomas, cooper, Tweed -street 
Atkinson Thos. flour dealer, Western-lane 
Aitchison Miss Margaret, Wellclose-square 
Back Geo. mason, High-st ; ho. Church-st 
Back John, mason, Western-lane 
B aimer Mrs. Jane, Palace-street 
Barker Thomas, agent. Church-street 
Best Wilham, fruiterer, High street 



968 



BERWICK- UPON-TWEED DIRECTORY. 



Binning John, schoolmaster, Tweed street 
Blain Jas. H. Esq. coroptroller of H. M. 

Customs, Meadow House 
BoUam Elizabeth, lodgings, Palace-sireet 
Bonner Mrs. Jane, Tweedmouth 
Britain Captiiin George S., royal navy, 

Eavensdowne 
Brodie Miss Elizabeth, Wool Market 
Brown Mrs. Ehzabeth, Palace-sti^eet 
Brown John, locker in H. M. Customs, 

Ptavensdowne 
Brown Arthur, marine store dealer, Tweed- 
mouth 
Brown Kev. David, reading master, Corpo- 
ration School, Tweed-street 
Brown Geo. tax collector and house agent. 

Palace Green . 
Brown Joseph, architects builder, Eavens- 
downe 
Bryson John, builder, Spittal 
Buglass Thomas, cooper, Tweedmouth 
Buchanan Thomas, carver and gilder and 

printseller, Hide Hill 
Butement Miss Sarah, Parade 
Cahill David, E.S., surgeon, Parade 
Carr & Co. shipowners, timber, guano and 
general merchants, firebrick and draining 
tile manufacturers. Palace Green 
Cairns Mr. David, Coxon's-lane 
Cairns Eev. John (Presbyterian), Welling- 
ton-terrace 
Calder Mr. Henry, College-place 
Chape Mrs. Catherine, Castlegate 
Chapman Thos. nailmaker, Chm-ch-street 
Chrisp Hugh, letter carrier (and post office 

receiving box), Tweedmouth 
Clarke Ehzabeth, lodgings, Wellclose-sq 
Clarke Mr. H. G. C, Bank Hill 
Clay Patrick, Esq. New water Haugh 
Clay John, merchant (John Clay &Son); 

ho. Xewwater Haugh 
Clay Miss Sarah, Castle-terrace 
Clunie Miss Wilhelmiua, Eavensdowne 
Cockburn Thomas, wine and spirit mer- 
chant (T. Cockburn & Son); ho. Eavens- 
downe 
Cockburn William, clerk, Eastern -lane 
Cowe William, grocer and tea dealer, Szo. 

High -street 
Cowe Robert, market gardener. Bull Close 
Craik Nicholas, stonemason, Tweeilmouth 
Crow Mary Ann, lodgings, Spittal 
Cunningham Mr. John, Eavensdowne 
CuiTie John, bailiff to the county court, 

Hide Hill 
Cuthbertson Margaret, joiner, &c. (Cuth- 
bertson & Co.) ; lio, Tweedmouth 



Dalton George W., solicitor, &c. Silver-st. ; 

ho. Palace 
Dalziel Robert, coach and harness maker, 

Palace-street 
Darling Adam, merchant. Quay Walls 
Darling Mrs., Eavensdowne 
Davison JMrs. Helen, Eavensdowne 
Davison Thoma^:, chemist and druggist, 

(Davidson and Gibb); ho. High-street 
Denoven Mrs. Ehzabeth, Wellhouse, Spittal 
Dewar Mrs. Agnes, Bridge-street 
Dewar Alex, school-master, Tweedmouth 
Dewar Mrs. Isabella, Wool Market 
Dickson Miss Charlotte, Eavensdowne 
Dickson Mrs. Dorothy, Eavensdowne 
Dickson Mrs. Elizabeth, AVellington terrace 
Dixon Elizabeth, lodgings, Spittal 
Dodds Catherine, commercial boarding 

house, High-street 
Dodds Ealx^h, tea and coffee merchant, 

High-st. ; ho. St. Mai'y's Villa 
Dods George, cabinet maker and uphol- 

sterer,Foul Ford ; ho.UpperEavensdowne 
Douglas Thomas, managing partner, (Bor- 
der Brewery Company) Tweedmouth 
Douglass Eichard, fisherman, Spittal 
Easton Isabella, lodgings. Palace-street 
Edminson Joseph C. fish curer, (Jackson 

and Edminson) ho. Spittal 
Edmondson Mrs. Eavensdowne 
Elhot John, chemist and druggist, oil and 

colourman, and manufacturer of soda 

water, lemonade, and ginger beer, 

Hide-hill 
Elliott Mrs. Elizabeth, Eavensdowne 
Elliott Edward, coal and quarry owner, d'c. 

(Scott and Elliott) ; ho. Eavensdowne 
Elliott Miss Jane, Castlegate 
Elliott Wm. Major, Eavensdowne 
Elliott William, stone-mason, Tweedmouth 
Ellison ]\Ir. William, Wellclose-square 
Emery James, marine store, earthenware 

and coal dealer. Chapel-street 
Etal Mills Flour Stoee, Chm'ch-street ; 

James Small, manager 
Evans John D. painter and paper hanger, 

Wool Market 
Evans James, Cooper Quay; ho. Ness-st 
Evans Jordan, H.M. Customs, Ness-street 
Ewart Mr. John, Palace-street 
Fairbairn Hector, mason. Eastern-lane 
Fenton Wm. clerk, Tweedmouth 
Fenton Miss Elizabeth, Palace-green 
Fife Mr. James, Castlegate 
Fish Mr. Samuel, Eavensdowne 
Ford Alexander, flour store, Tweedmouth 
Ford Jane, fruiterer, Western-lane 



BEE\VICK-UPON-T\\'EED DIEECTOEY- 



969 



Forster Mrs. Mary^ Palace street 

Foi'ster Mrs. Sarali Mary, Sanson Seal 

House 
Fryar George, stoBe-mason, Tweedmontli 
Gelcler Eol>ert, lodgings, Spittal 
Gibb Thomas, chemist and druggist, 

(Davison and Gibb); ho. High-street 
Gilchrist George, Esq. Eavensdowue 
Gilchi'ist George, painter and paper hanger, 

Bridge-street 
Gilchrist Miss Isabella, Eavensdowne 
Gilchrist Mrs. Margaret, Church-street 
Gladstone Eobert, tidewaiter, Eavensdowne 
Good Eobert C. E. photographist, Charter- 
house court, Church-street 
Good Mr. Thomas S. Quay Walls 
Gowan Arthur B. & Son, shipbuilders. Quay 
Gowan Arthur B. ship builder, &c. (A. B. 

Gowan & Son) ; ho. Palace-street 
Gowan The Misses, Palace-street 
Gray Mrs. Jane, Scot's-row 
Grey -Tames, managing partner, Border 

Brewery, Silver-street 
Grey Mrs. Jane, Tweedmouth 
Gregg John, letter carrier, Coxon's-lane 
Guthrie Mr. Alexander, Eavensdowne 
Hall ]Miss Jane, Castlegate 
Hall Miss Mary Ann, Eavensdowne 
Hamilton Eev, George Hans, M.A. vicar, 

Wellington-terrace 
Henderson George, merchant, &g. (G. 

Henderson & Son) ; ho. Bridge-end 
Flenderson John, merchant, &c. (G.Hen- 
derson & Son) ; ho. Bridge- end 
Heron Mrs. Jane, Tweedmouth 
Hogarth Miss Catherine, Quay-walls 
Holder Thomas, clerk, College-place 
Hood George, surveyor, Tweedmouth 
HorncastleJno.E.revenueofficer,Quay-AYalls 
Hubback Thomas, guano importer, ship- 
owner, and merchant (Thomas & Joseph 
Hubback) ; ho. Sandgate and Sunlaw- 
hill, Eoxburghshire 
Hume Walter, letter carrier. High -street 
Humble The Misses, Eavensdowne 
Inues James H. merchant (Nicholson and 

Innes); ho. Bridge-end 
Jackson William, fish curer (Jackson and 

Edminson ) ; ho. Spittal 
Jefferys George, captain, Hide-hilL 
Jeffery Miss Jane, Hide-hill 
Johnson Eobert & Co. colliery owners and 

hme burners. Palace-green 
Johnston Miss Helen, Palace-green 
Kellack Mrs. Sarah, Church-street 
Kirkwood Alexander, surgeon, Sandgate 
Kirton James, schoolmaster, Spittal 



Kirkwood Eev. Alex. (Baptist) Walker- 
gate -lane 
Knowles Miss Jane, Castlegate 
Knox Mr. Archibald, Church-street 
Laing Miss Alice, Tweedmouth 
Laing Mrs. Mary, Quay-Avalls 
Lamb William, whiting manufacturer, 
Hatter's-lane 

Lambert Mr. Peter, Hide hill 

Lambert Mr.Vinoent. Moor-side, Tweedmth. 

Landles Mr. John, Scot's-row 

Laye Captain Frank, barrack master, 
Eavensdowne 

Leach Eev. John, perpetual curate of 
Tweedmouth 

Lilly Thomas, fisherman, Tvreedmouth 

Lister Michael, schoolmaster,Church-street 

Lockwell Mary Ann, lodgings. Palace-green 

Logan WilliamH.manager of the Northum- 
berland and Durham District Bank and 
Insurance Agent, Br-idge-street 

Lough Francis, carpenter, joiner, &c. 
College-place 

Macaskie James, reporter, 4, Scott's row 

Lowrey Alexander Eobinson, treasurer to 
the corporation, and land agent, Church- 
street ; ho. Castle Vale Cottage 

Mace Benj. rope and twine manufacturer, 
Bowling Green Eopery, Eavensdowne 

Macbeth David, merchant & agent to Tru- 
man, Planbury & Co. London, Sally 
Port, Bridge-street 

Macbeth Mrs. Helen, Quay-walls 

McGallMr. William, Castlegate 

Maclagan Philip, physician. Wool Market 

Mallack Andrew, manager of the Union 
Bank, and insurance agent, Hide-hill 

Mathison Eobert, cooper. High street 

Marshall George, solicitor (Marshall and 
Sanderson) ; ho. Sandgate 

McDermott Eev. Anthony, (Catholic) 
Eavensdowne 

McMiller Alex, general dealer, Walker- 
gate-lane 

Millar Eev. J. A. (Presbyterian)Tweedmouth 

Middlemiss James, gardener. High street 

Meggison John M. accountant and insur- 
ance agent, Eavendsowne 

Meikle Eobert, clerk in H.M. Customs, 
Hide-hill 

Menzies Hannah, lodgings, Quay-walls 

Menzies Henry, vict. Travellers' Bestf 
Tweedmouth 

Miller and Wilkey, sack manufacturers, 
High-street 

Melrose Mr. Alexander, Quay-walls 

Moor WiUiam, skinner, Tweedmouth 



9 TO 



BERWICK-UPON-TNYEED DIEECTORY. 



Moore Mrs. Gary, Tweed-street 

Mordock Rev, Alexaader, (Presbyterian) 

Hide-hill 
Morrison Eev. Geo.C, M. A. (Independent) 

Castlegate 
Morrison Mr. John, College-place 
Mossman' John & Eobert, carpet manufac- 
turers and dyers, Castlegate 
Nelson Elizb. stay maker, Golden-square 
Newcombe John, inspector of weights and 

measures, Eavensdowne 
Nicholson George K. (Nicholson and 

Innes) ; ho.Loan-nnd 
Oswald Eobt. corn merchant, Eastern-lane 
Ovens Colonel Charles, Tweedmouth 
Paterson James, manager and secretary to 

the Gas Company ; ho. Hide-hill 
Paterson John, agent, Eailway Station, 

Tweedmouth 
Patterson Mrs. Ann, Wool Market 
Patterson Miss Isabella, Wool Market 
Patterson Manners, rope and sail maker 

(Patterson & Co.) ; ho. Quay-walls 
Patterson Prudence, lodgings, Spittal 
Patterson William, slater and plasterer, 

Castlegate 
Paxton Edward, draper, &c. (C. and W. 

Paxton) ; ho. Palace Avenue 
Paxton Mr. John, Scot's-row 
Paxton Mrs. Margaret, Wellclose-square 
Paxton Wilham, drapei% &c. (E. and W. 

Paxton) ; ho. Castle-terrace 
Paulin William, agent to the Berwick 

Shipping Company, Quay -walls 
Pearson Mrs. Esther, High-street 
Peden Eev. John, (Presbyterian )Church-st 
Pilraour Mr. James, Castlegate 
Pratt John, Esq. Avenue 
Pratt John E. solicitor, &c. Bowling-green 

Palace ; ho. Eavensdowne 
Paulin Miss Margaret, Scot's-row 
Procter Eev. Thomas, B.A. curate of Ber- 
wick, Eavensdowne 
Purves Mrs. Ann, Castlegate 
Purvis Thomas, shopkeeper, Tweedmouth 
Eadcliff Mrs. Mary, Wool IMarket 
Eamsey Eobert, sen. iron founder, &c, 

(E. Eamsey &Son) : ho. Tweedmouth 
Eamsey Eobert, jun. iron founder, &c. 

(E. Eamsey & Son) ; ho. Tweedmouth 
Eenton John, joiner, &c. (Cuthbertson 

& Co.); ho. Tweedmouth 
Eenwiek Mr. Eobert, Coxon's-lane 
Eichardson Mrs. Eleanor, Wellclose-square 
Eedpath Mrs. Jane, lodgings, Wool Market 
Eichardson Nichol, wood turner, Castlegate 
Eennison William, tide waiter, Western-In 



Eiddle Andrew, millwright, &c. (S. Eiddle 

and Sons) ; ho. Tweedmouth 
Eiddle Peter, millwright, &:c. (S. Eiddle 

and Sons) ; ho. Tweedmouth 
Eitchie Eev. William, (Presbyterian) 

Eavensdowne 
Eobertson Alexander, ironfounder and 

shipowner (J. & A. Eobertson & Co.) ; 

ho. Tweedmouth 
Eobertson Mrs. Margaret, Tweedmouth 
Eobson Mr. Charles, Castlegate 
Eodgers Eev. Edward B. (Presbyterian,) 

Tweedmouth 
Eolaud Mr. Walter, Tweed-street ' 

Euddock Joseph AY. cattle dealer, Tweed' 

Cottage 
Eussell James, mason, Eavensdowne 
Eutherford John, inspector of North 

British Eailway, Tweed-street 
Eutherford Miss Margaret, Eavensdowne 
Sampson iMrs. Grace, College-place 
Sanderson Mrs. Isabella, Sandgate 
Sanderson Stephen, solicitor (Marshall & 

Sanderson) ; ho. Castle-hills 
SansmarezCaptainPhilipD., R.N. inspector 

of the Coast-guard, Palace 
Scott Miss Nancy, lodgings, Scott's-row 
Scott James, mill and enginewright, 

Tv/eedmouth 
Shanks Mrs. Ehzabeth, Parade 
Simpson Mr. George N. Eavensdowne 
Simpson Miss Jane, Eavensdowne 
Sinclair James, ship, insurance, & general 

commission "agent. Bridge-street 
Skelly Miss Isabella, Cottage hill ; 

Slight Alexander, schoolmaster, Green- 
side-place ' 
Smart H. clog and lastmaker,Tweedmouth 
Smith James, fisherman, Meadow Haven 
Smith Mr. Eichard, Tweed-street 
Smith William, Captain, E.N. Ava Lodge 
Spours Mrs. Sarah, Eavensdowne 
Stead William H. engineering surveyor, 

Church-street 
Steel A. & N. tea merchants, Wool Market 
Steven Somerville, wire worker, Western-In 
Storar David, mason, Spittal \ 

Storar John, mason and stone merchant, 

Spittal 
Tait Mr. George, Palace-green 
Tait Jesse, lodgings. Palace-green 
Tait John, flour dealer. Western-lane 
Taylor Wm. manager of gas woi*ks, Spittal 1 
Tennant AVm.pipe mannfactr.Tweedmouthi 
Thompson Mrs. Catherine, Church-street 
Thompson John, collector of poor rates, 

Castlegate 



BERV^-ICK-UPOX-TWEED CLASSIFIED DIEECTOEY. 



971 



Thompson Miss Grace, Eavensdovrns 
Thompson Kobert, draper, etc. (T. and E. 

^honipson) ; bo. Eavecsdowne 
Hhcmpson Thomas, collector of harbour 

dues. Bank-hill 
Todd Eobt. professor of dancing,Church-st 
Trainer Simon, fruiterer and seedsman, 

High -street 
TurnbuU Mrs. Alice, Quay-walls 
Turnbull jliss Frances, Palace-street 
TurnbuU Miss Isabella, Palace-street 
Totherick Bev. Eobert,( Wesley an) Walker-. 

gate-lane 
Turner Miss Catherine, Palace-street 
Turner Miss Jane, Castlegate 
Wait Mrs. Jane, Bank hUl 
. Walker The Misses, Palace-street 
Walker Myers, superintendent of excise, 

St. Mary's-place 
Wallace Samuel, gunmaker. Wool Market 
Watson Ealph, lodgings, Spittal 
Weatherston "WilHam, slater and plasterer 

(Thomas Weatherston and Son) ; ho. 

Wool Market 
Westle George, vict. and plaster and slate]', 

Crown and Thistle Inn, Walkergate-lane 
Whilhs, Eichard, town crier. Parade 
Whinna William, governor of the Xew Jail, 

Wallace's-green 
Whitehouse Eev. WilHam, Spittal 



Weight John, writing master, Corporation 

School, Palace 
Willis Eobert, tallow chandler. High-street 
Willoughby Edwd. sohcitor, &c. (W. and E. 

Willoughby) ; ho. Eavensdowne 
Wilson Mr. John, Tweed House 
Willoughby Wm. solicitor, &c. (W. and E. 

Willoughby); ho. Eavensdowne 
Wilson James, artist, Peer House 
Wilson James, Spring-hill, Tweedmouth 
Wilson Jolm, inspector of corn returns and 

stamp ofSce, Ride-hill 
"Wilson John, iron merchant, &e. (W, Y>'il- 

sou & Son) ; ho. Bay-view 
Wilson Joseph, ironfounder and shipowner 

(J. and A. Eobertson and Co.) ; ho. 

Tweedmouth 
Wilson Yv^illiam, sculptor and ornamental 

stone worker, Tweedmouth 
Wood Mrs. Jemima, Castlegate 
Woolley Eichard, librarian to the Berwick 

Subscription Libiary, Spittal 
Young John, grocer and tea dealer, and 

tallow chandler. High-street 
Young Eobert, organist of parish church, 

professor of music, music seller, dealer 

in piano fortes, and piano forte tuner, 

Eastern-lane 
Y^oung William 5 malster, Eavensdowne 



BERWICK, TWEEDMOUTH, AND SPITTAL 
CLASSIFIED DIEECTOEY. 



Academies and Schools 

; Burn Mrs. Agnes, day and 

boarding. Palace Green 

Chaeiiy School, Eavens- 
downe, Michael Lister, 
piaster 

Catholic School, Church- 
st. James Kelly, master 

Church School, Tweed- 
mouth, Thomas Bonner, 
master 

CoRPOEATiON Schools, Bank 

Hill 
I Forrest Ann & Margaret, 
Church-street 

Gardener Misses Mary and 
Jane, High-street 

Grammar School, High-st 

Hope Tbomasj Castlegate 



Horne James, Church-street 

Husband John, Parade 

Infant School, CoUege-pl. 
Anne Sunton, mistress 

Sampson Misses Octavia & 
Grace, College-place 

School of Industry, Palace 
Green, Jane Patterson, 
mistress 

Thompson Eobt. Church-st. ; 
ho. High-street 

Totherick Emma, Walker- 
gate-lane 

Wood Thomas, Tweedmouth 

Agents (Commission) 

Paulin William, Quay 
Young William, Quay 
3 



Auctioneers and Appraisers 

Eeveridge John, Sandgatc 
Fisackerly Samuel, Castlegate 
Gibson Jas. Eastern-ln.; ho. 

Walkergate-lane 
Purves James D. Hide-hill 
Eobertson John, Silver-st 

Bakers & Flour Dealers 

Brown Agnes, Sandgate 
Brown Andrew, Tweed- 
mouth 
Brown James, Church-street 
Bell William, High-sti'eet 
Bruce Alexander, Spittal 
Carr William, Castlegate 
Cleghorn James, Castlegate 
Crosby John, Church-street 



975 



BEEWICK-UPON-TWEED 



Crosby William, Church-st 
Davidson George. Greens 
Darling Alexander, High-st 
Derrj Kobert, Castlegate 
Gibson George, Tweedmouth 
Gibson John, Chapel- street 
Graham Elizab. Tweedmouth 
Grahame Thomas, Western- 
lane 
Hattle Elizabeth, Castlegate 
Leshe John, Tweedmouth 
Lockwell Thomas, Bridge-st 
Miller Adam, Wool IMarhet 
Moor Arthur, High- street 
Morton Andrew, Spittal 
Scott George, Spittal 
Smith Thos, Wallace's -green 
Thompson James, High-st 
Winter John, Eastern-lane 

Bankers 

Union Bank, Newcastle | 
Branch Hide Hill, Andw. I 
Mallock, manager I 

NOETHUMBEELAND & DuE- | 
HAM DiSTEICT BANKING 

Company, Bridge-street, 
Wm. H. Logan, manager 
Savings' Bank, Quay Walls, 
open on Mondays from 
6-30 p.m. till 8 p.m. Wm. 
Paulin, secretary 

Basket Makers 

Archbald Geo. Tweedmouth 
Brand George, Church-st 
Burnett Thomas, High-st 
Eamsay Jas. Wool Market 

Boat Builders 

Lee George, Tweedmouth 
Wood George, Tweedmouth; 
ho. Church- street 

Bookbinders 

Henderson John, Sandgate j 
Lauder George, Golden-sq 

Booksellers & Stationers 
Marked. * are also Printers. 
Henderson Alexander, West- 
ern-lane 

* Macaskie George, 57, High- 

street 

* Melrose Thomas, High-st 

* Rennison John, Bridge-st 
Bennison Margaret, High-st 



Wilson John, Hide-hill 

Boot and Shoemakers 

Carr William, Bridge-st 
Downes Robert, Wallace's- 

green 
Duncan John, Tweedmouth 
Eish John & Saml. High-st 
Hamilton Hugh, Western-In 
Handyside George,wholesale, 

Wool Market; ho. Quay 

Walls 
Meikle Alexander, Hide-hill 
Rankin Robert, Hide-hill 
Richardson John, Bridge-st 
Tait Alexander, Hide-hill 
Watson Wm. Tweedmouth 
Wilson Peter, High-street 



Brewers 

BOEDEE BeEWEEY COMPANY, 

Silver-st. (fc-at Tweedmouth 
Tweed Beeweey Coiipany, 
Palace-green 

Brick & Tile Manufacturers 

Carr & Co. Palace-green 
Laundreth Wm. Under Cock 

Law 
Scott & Elhott, Tweedmouth 

Tile Works 

Butchers 
Beveridge Geo. Twefedmouth 
Boswell Alex. Western-lane 
Bruce George, Spittal 
Darling Thos. Wool Market 
Dixon William, Spittal 
Dodds George, Castlegate 
Edminson Robert, Spittal 
Humble Henr}', High-sti^eet; 

ho. Church-street 
Lockwell ^Villiam, Walker- 
gate-lane j 
Mather Mark, Bridge-street j 
Morton John, Higli-street | 
Pringle Vincent, High-street 
Ross James, Spittal 
Ross WilHam, Hide-hill 
Rutherford "Thos. near the 

Red Lion, High-street 
Rutherford Thos. High-st.; 

ho. Church-street 
Shanks John, Tweedmouth 
Simpson Thos. Wool Market 
Skelly George. Western-lane 
Skelly George, Tweedmouth 



Skelly John, High-street 
Smith Alexander, High-st 
Smith James, High-street 
Wilson William, Castlegate 
Wood Robert, High-street 
Towerson Robt.Tweedmouth 

Cabinet Makers 

Allison Wm. Tweedmouth 
Bowhill John, High-street 
Clark James, & upholsterer, 

Sandgate 
Dickinson Joseph, Castlegate 
Dods George, & upholsterer, 

Eoul Ford ; ho. Upper 

Ravensdowne 
Fair WilHam, Hide-hill 
Eraser James, Parade 
Hume Joseph, Western-lane 
Lough Francis, Tweedmouth 
Manners Wm. Hide-hill ; ho. 

Wool IMarket 
Purves Jas. & upholsterer, 

Hide-hill 
Wood Robert, & turner, 18, 

Western-lane 

Carpenters, Joiners, and 
Undertakers 

Brown George, Tweedmouth 
Burn John, Spittal 
Cuthbeilson & Co. Tweed- 
mouth 
Eisackerly Saml. Castlegate 
Eraser James, Parade 
Gibson Jas. Eastern-lane; 

ho. Walkergate-lane 
Henderson Wm. Church-st 
Huntley James, Church-road, 

Tweedmouth 
Johnston Thos. Castlegate 
Logan George, High-street, 

Tweedmouth 
Lough Francis, College -pi ace 
Pearson Wm. Tweedmouth 
Eenton Alexander, Union 

Hall 
Robertson John, Eastern- 
lane 
Robison George, Palace-st 
Strother Thomas, Bridge-st 
Thompson Ralph, Castlegate 

Cartwrights 

Huntley James, Church-road, 
Tweedmouth 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTOnY. 



078 



Logan George, High-street, ' 

Tweedmouth 
Eenton Alexander, Union 

Hail 
Thompson Ealph, Castlegate 
Yale James, Tweed-street 

Chemists and Druggists 
Can" William G. High-street 
Da^-ison & Gibh, High-street 
Davidson John, High-street 
Elliott John, & drysalter & 

colourman. Hide-hill 
Totherick Eoheit, Western- 
lane 
Wilson Eobert, Bridge-st 

CMna, Glass, &c. Dealers 
Drjsdale Alex. Tweedmouth 
Emery James, Chapel-street 
Ferguson John, Eastern -In 
Eedfearn Joseph, Walker- 
gate-lane 
Eenwick John, High-street 
Thompson Andre\y, High-st 
Wight Hannah, & general 

dealer. Church-street 
YvllsonAYm. & Son. Bridge-st 

Coal Owners 

Johnson Eobert, & Co. Palace- 
green 

Confectioners 

Cook Stephen, Hide-hill 
Dodds Catherine, High st 
Lockwell Thomas, Bridge-st 
Lyle John, High-street 
Eutherford Wm. Church-st 
Weatherhead Geo. Bridge-st 

Curriers & Leather Merchants 

Berrell John, Western-lane 
Fleming Joseph, High-st; 

ho. Castlegate 
Mathison Wm., cutter only, 

High-street 
Drapers, Linen & Woollen 
Bouge Thomas, High-street 
Dunlop Jas. High-street ; ho. 

Quay Walls 
Forsyth Chas. Western-lane 
Gray John, High-street 
Keenan James, linen only, 

bridge-street 
Paxton E. & W. High-street 
Eutherford Eobt. Bridge End 
Small James, High-street 



Smith (L- Co. 1, High-street i 

& 1, Hide-hill 
Thompson Thos. & Eobert, 

High-street 
Young George & John,West- 

ern-lane 
Wilson Wm. & Co. High-st 

Dyers 

Fraser William, Western-In 
Gibson James, Hide-hill 
Mossman Eobert and John, 

Castlegate 
AYhitehead Mary, Church-st 

Farmers 

Allan David, Whitadder 

Bridge 
Atkinson Geo 9 & 10, Out- 
fields 
Atkinson Thomas, Letham 

Mill 
Barclay George,Tweedmouth 
Blakey William, Greens 
Brown David, Baldersbury 
Brown James, 25th lot Out- 
fields 
Brown John, Low Haugh 
Brown Eobert, Sanson Seal 
Brodie Eobert, 2nd Horse 

Close 
Bruce John, Greens 
Cairns John, 29th Lot, Out- 
fields 
Cockburn David, New Yv^'est 

Farm 
Crosby Thos. & Sons, White 

Dam Head 
Davidson Edw. Bogue End 
Dickson Eobert,Tweedmouth 
Dudgeon John, Greens 
Fender John, Greens 
Fender Margaret, Gain si aw 
Fender Thomas, West Low 

Haugh 
Gibson Eobt. Scuddy Law 
Gilchrist George, Cumber- 
land Bower 
Gillie Alexander J. Now East 

Farm 
Gilroy John, Sunnyside 
Hownara Thos. Upper Cock 

Law 
Johnston Wm. Bromielaw 
Landreth John James, and 
Thos. Baldersbury-hill 



Landreth Wm. Under Cock 

Law 
Lowrey Alexander E. Hope 

& Castle-hill Farms 
Lurasden John, Greens 
Marshall John, Baits Cross 

and Strand 
Marshall Thomas,DryThrop- 

ple 
Marshall William, Stoney 

Moor Eiggs 
Middlemiss Jas. Camp Hill 
Mitchell Andrew, Letham 

Shanks 
Nes bit John, 3rd Horse Close 
Patterson Eobert, Greens 
Purves WiUiam, Marshall 

Meadows 
Eenton James, Greens 
Eobinson John & Henry, 

17th Lot, Outfields 
Eobson Andrew, Fairney Flat 
Eoss James, Spittal Hall 
Boss John, 2 & 3, Outfields 
Sanderson Ninian, Conun- 
drum 
Sanderson Mather, Grieve 

House 
Scott Ealph, 4tli Horse Close 
Sbiell James, 1, Outfields 
Smith Alexander, Letham 
Speedy Eobert, West Balders- 
bury 
Y^'oung John, 2, Outer Cow 
Close, Black Stead 

Fish Curers 
Alexander John, Spittal 
Alexander Thos. Sandgate 
Beveridge John, Sandgate 
Boston Eobert, Spittal 
Cowe Henry, Spittal ; ho. 

Eavensdowne 
Cowe James, Spittal 
Cowe Peter, Spittal ; ho. 

Church -street 
C uu n i n gh a m M atth ew, Spittal 
Crewtlier Thomas, Spittal 
Gilroy John, High-sti-eet 
Holmes Ealph, Bridge st 
Jackson & Edrainson, Spittal 
Ormibton Thos. Tweedmouth 
Peel George, Spittal 
Yeoman Archibald, Spittal 

Fishmongers 
Holmes lialph, Bridge-st 
JMiiburue Jos. Bridge-sti-eet 



k 



74 



BERWICK-UPON-TWEED 



Yv^eatlierbuine Eo"bt. Castle- 
gate 
Young George, Bridge-st 

Game Dealers 

Holmes Ealph, Bridge-street 
Milburne Joseph, Bridge-st 
Weatherston John, Higli-st 
Young G-eorge, Bridge-st 

Ginger Beer, Lemonade and | 
Soda Water Manafacturers i 

Elliott John, Hide-hill 
Davison Sz Gi'ob, High-st 
Holmes Ralph, Bridge-street 
AVilson Eobert, Bridge-street 

Grocers & Tea Dealers 

Alexander Thomas, Sand- 
gate 
Bogue William, High-street 
Christison Ales. Bridge-st 
Cleghorn Ealph, High-street 
Cook Stephen M. Hide-hill 
Cowe William, High-street 
Davidson John, High-street 
Davidson William, Western- 
lane 
Dixon Edwai'd, Bridge-st 
Dodds Ealph, tea & coffee. 

High -street 
Ewen W. M. Hide-hill 
Fairhaii-n Hector, Eastern- 
lane 
Gilroy John, High-street 
Gilchrist Chas. L. High-st 
Gilchrist Eobert, Western- 
lane 
Lawrence George, High-st 
Marshall Jas. Bridge End 
Mackenzie Jas. P. High-st 
Milburne Joseph, Bridge-st 
iJitchelson Ed\v. Bridge-st 
Pentland Peter, Western-In 
Paxton Adam, Bridge-street 
Pratt John Forster, Tweed- 
mouth 
Eobson Andrew, 17, High-st 
Sanderson Jas. Church-st. ; 

ho. Wool Market 
Weatherhead Geo. Bridge-st 
Weatherston John, High-st 
Young George, Bridge-st 
Young John, High-street 



Grocers & Prevision Dealers 
Anderson Margt. Castlegate 
Back John, Y/estern-lane 
Baldwin Mary Ann, Tweed- 

mouth 
Barlow Andrew, Church-st 
Bruce Isab. Tweedmouth 
Chisholm John, High-st 
Clark Nicholas, Castlegate 
Clark WJlham, High-street 
Craik Nicholas, Tweedmouth 
Cowe Peter, Church-street 
Cowe AYiUiam, High-street 
Crosby Thomas, Yfestem- 

lane 
Cunningham Matth. Spittal 
Darhngton Ann, Wool Mar- 
ket 
Davidson ]Matthew, Spittal 
Davison Martha.Walkergate- 

lane 
Dawson George, Spittal 
Dixon Thomas, Waikergate- 

lane 
Dick George, Tweedmouth 
Dodds Agnes, Tweedmouth 
Ewart Thomas, Tweed-st 
Fish Jane, Foul Ford 
Fish Elizabeth, Church-st 
Ford Dorothy, Church-st 
Forrest David, Church st 
Frazer Z\Iargaret, Wallace's- 

green 
Gibson Jane, Wool Market 
Gladston jNIargt. Church-st 
Gilchrist Nicholas, Castle- 
gate 
Glass John, Tweedmouth 
Gray Lsabella, Tweedmouth 
Gregg James, Walkergate-ln 
Hattle Elizabeth, Castlegate 
Jackson Catherine, Sj)ittal 
Jameson Margaret, Wool 

Market 
Kerr Adam, Spittal 
Lambert Eobert, Tweed- 
mouth 
Lambert Yincent, Church-st 
Leslie John, Tweedmouth 
Marshall John, Castlegate 
Marshall Margt. Church-st 
Middlemiss Mary, Walker- 
gate-lane 
Muir Elizabeth, Chapel-st 
Patterson Alex. Church-st 
Park Ellen, Castlegate 
Patterson Eobt.Wool Market 



Paulin Gerard, Walkergate- 

lane 
Paxton Maiy, Tweedmouth 
Pratt John Forster, Tweed- 
mouth 
Purves Eleanor, Castlegate 
Purves Thomas, Spittal 
PLirves Wra. Chapel-street 
Eankin Eobsrt, Walkergate- 

lane 
Eutherford Wm. Church-st 
Sampson John, Vrallace's- 

green 
Shillinglaw Thomas, Tweed- 
mouth 
Sidney Alexander, Spittal ^ 
Slater Ann, Castlegate 
Smith Bridget, Tweedmouth 
Sueath Thos. Church street 
Spowart Grace, Y^estern-ln 
Tennant Mary, Tweedmouth 
Thompson Margaret, Tweed- 
mouth 
Tindal Margaret, Castlegate 
To^^erson Eobert, Tweed- 
mouth 
Trotter John, Spittal 
Watson Joseph, Chapel st 
Webster Esther, Castlegate 

Hair Dressers 
Black Eobt. Tweedmouth 
Burns George, Spittal 
Cooper Thos. High-street 
Fair Eobert, High-street 
Gregson Edward, Hide-hill 
Trainer James, High-street 
Weston William, Sandgate 

Hatters 
Bogue Thomas, High-street 
Dunlop James, High-street 
Gray John, High-street 
Morton & Co. High-street 
Paxtou E. & W. High-street' 
Small James. High-street 
Thompson T. & E. High-st 
Turner John, Hide-hill 
Waite xllexaoder, High-st 
Young G. & J. Western-lane 

Hosiers 
Cairens Eobert & Son, High- 
street 
Currie Wm. Western-lane* 
Eutherford Margt. Church-st 
Jackson William, Western- 
lane 



CLASSIFIED DIEECTOkT. 



975 



Inns Hotels and Taverns 

Albion, James L}-^!!, Castlegate 
Angel, James Kuowles, Tweedmouth 
Anglers, V>'illiara Anderson, Castlegate 
Bakers' Arms, Alison Brown, Castlegate 
Bell, George Dawson, Spittal 
Berwick Arms, George Lamb, Higli-street 
' Bei^ifick Arms, William Bell, High-street 
Black Bull, "SVilliam Henderson, High-st 
Black Bull, Mary Johnson, Silver-street 
Black Sivan, Eobert HeiTiott, Castlegate 
Blenheim, John Pm'ves, Spittal 
Border, John Drysdale, Sunny side 
Brewers Arms, Thomas Huntley, High-st 
Bridge, David Mc. Donald, Western-lane 
Brown Bear, Francis Dawson, Hide-hill 
Butchers' Arms, John Brown, High- street 
Cannon, "William Purves, Church-street 
Castle, Alexander Falconer, Castlegate 
• Coach d' Horses, Margaret Mc. Farlane, 

High-street 
^ Coble, Johnston Borthwick, Greens 

Cock & Lion, Catherine Young, Bridge-st 
Commercial, David Storar, Spittal 
Coopers^ Arms, George Carr, Spittal 
Corporation Arms, David Allan, Yv^hitadder 

Bridge 
Cross Keys, George Back, High-street 
Crown & Thistle, George Y/estle, Walker- 
gate-lane 
Crown d' Anchor, George Strother, Church- 
street 
Exchange, Isabella Gibbison, High-street 
Fishers' Anns, Christopher Dumble, Sand- 
gate 
Fishers^ Arms, Alexander Pattison, Greens 
Foundry, William Allison, Tweedmouth 
Free Trade, Pv,. YN^'eatherburn, Castlegate 
George, Catharine Daniels, Church-street 
Golden Fleece, George Smith, Spittal 
Golden Swan, John Purves, Sandgate 
Harrow, John Thompson, Tweedmouth 
Hen d' Chickens, Mary Cliisolm, Bridge-st 
Hen d' Chickens, Old, Thomas Strothers, 

Bridge-street 
Hen d- Chickens, & Posting House, Pialph 

Atchinson, Sandgate 
King's Arms, & Posting House, George 

Montgomery, Hide-hill 
King's Arms, Thomas Steel, Spittal 
King's Head, Alexander Patterson, Spittal 
King's Head, Edward Dawson, Cliapel-st 
Leith and BerwickArms,Ja.xnes Clark,Sand- 

gate 
London and Berwick, Margaret Douglas, 

Sandgate 
Masons' Arms, John Anderson, Chapel-st 



Meadoio House, James Falconer 
Miners' Arms, Eeuben Mason, Sunnyside 
Miners' Arms, Elizab. Thew, Tweedmouth 
Nag's Head, Agnes Brown, Sandgate 
Nag's Head, Grace Gilchrist, Sandgate 
Old Angel, William Mathison, High-street 
Back Horse, William Gray, Church-street 
Peacock, Margaret Ord, Hide-hill 
Pier, James Hand, Silver-street 
Pilot, Alexander Murphy, Greens 
Plough, James Borthwick, High-street 
Queen's Head, James Stamford, Tweed- 
mouth 
Railway, William Forster, Tweedmouth 
Railway Hotel, Matthew Bell, Tweedmouth 

Kailway Station 
Red Lion, & Posting House, George Wil- 
son, High-street 
Red Lion, Eobert Alder, Spittal 
Rising Su7i, George Dick, Tweedmouth 
Salmon, & Posting House, Henry Leckie, 

Hide-hill 
Salmon, Y/illiam Carr, Spittal 
Salmon, Thomas Hogg, High-street 
Ship, Eobert Inglis, Sandgate 
Ship, Eobert Mc. Dougle, Spittal 
Sir Francis Burdett, Ann Patterson, Castle- 
gate 
Slag's Head, Barbara Scott, Western-] an e 
Steam Boat, John Coe, Sandgate 
Sun, John Cuthbertson, Wool Market 
Swalloxo, David Scott, Tweedmouth 
Tankerville Arms, Agnes Gray, Eastern- 
lane 
Thatch House, Thomas Heslop. Tweed- 
mouth 
Three Tuns, William Dumble, High-street 
Tweed, George Haig, Chapel-street 
Tiveed, Thomas Crewther, Spittal 
Tioeed, James Giles, Western-lane 
Tweedside, George Hope, Tweedmouth 
Union, John Morton, Tweedmouth 
Victoria & Albert, Ehzabeth Tully, Tweed- 
mouth 
Wheat Sheaf, Margaret Short, Hide-hill 
While Hart, Andrew IMark, High-street 
V/liite Horse, Alexander Marshall, Castle- 
gate 
White Horse, James Shiel, Walkergate-lu 
White Sivan, Samuel Fisackerly, Castlegate 
White Sivan, Jane Stuart, Wool Market 
Woolpack, Timothy Wood, Wool Market 

Insurance OfSces 

Alliance, Fike, Wm. H. Logan, Bridge-st 
Caledonian, Fire & Life, iMai-shall and 
Sanderson, Sandgate 



976 



BEriWICK-UrOX-TWEED 



Bbitannia IjIFK, Ales. Lowrey, Church-st 
Ceown, Life, James Sinclair, Bridge-st 
Colonial, Life, Wm. H. Logan, Briclge-st 
Cleeical & Medical, Life, George W. 

Dalton, Silver-street 
City of Glasgow, Life, William G. Carr, 

High-street 
Edinbuegh, Life, J. C. Wecldell, Palace- 
street 
Edinburgh, Life, John F. Pratt, Bowling 

Green, Palace 
General, Life, Andrew Mallock, Hide 

Hill 
Guarantee, Life, W. H. Logan, Bridge-st 
Imperial, Fire and Life, James Sinclair, 

Bridge-street 
Life Association of Scotland, David 

Logan, Hide-hill 
Minerva, Life, George Macaslde, 57, 

High-street 
North British, Fire and Life, John 

Wilson, Hide-hill 



Northern, Fire and Life, David Logan, 

Hide-hill 
Palladiuji, Life, John M. Meggison, 

Eavensdowne 
NoEwicH Union, Life and Fire, Andrew 

Kobson, High-street 
Phobnix, Fire, James Marshall, Bridge-end 
EocK, Life, E. Willoughby, Eavensdowne 
Eoyal Farmers and General, Fire and 

Life, John F. Pratt, Bowling Green-pl 
Eoyal, Life, and Fire, Lancelot Fleming, 

High-street 
Scottish Union, Fire and Life, Thomas 

Hubback, Sandgate 
Standard, Life, Eobert Home, Quaywalls 
Sun, Fire and Life, Andrew Mallock, 
Union (London), Fire and Life, Wm. 

Cowe, High-street 
Union, Fire and Life, George Macaskie 

57, High-street 
United Kingdom, Life, William Logan, 

Bridge-street 



Iren Founders 

Eamsey E. and Son, Tweed- 
mouth 

Eobertson J. & A. & Co., 
Tweed Iron Works 
Iron Merchants 

Thompson Andrew, High-st 

Wilson W. & Son, Bridge-st 

Ironmongers and Hardware- 
men 

Moor John, Hide-hill 
Muir James, High-street 
Spaven Thomas, Bridge-end 
Thompson Andrev>r, High-st 
Wilson & Son, Bridge-st 
Land Surveyor and Agent 
Lowrey Alexander E. Church - 
street 

Millers 

TWEEDMOUTH FlOUR COM- 
PANY, Tweedmouth Mill 
Winter John, Eastern Lane 

Millwrights 
Fender David, Castle-gate 
Purves George, Castlegate 
Eiddle Samuel and Sons, 

Tweedmouth 
Scott James, Tweedmouth 

Master Mariners 
Crow John, Tweedmouth 
Polwart JosephjTweedmouth 



Sample Thomas, Palace-st 
Young Charles, Palace-st 

Merchants, (General) 
Darling Adam, Quay Walls 
Dewar John, representatives 

of. Bridge-street 
Dunlop John, Tweed-street 
Carr & Co. Palace Green 
Clay John & Son, Eastern-ln 
Henderson George and Son, 

Sandgate 
Hubback Thomas & Joseph, 

Sandgate 
Logan David, Hide -hill 
Macbeth David, Bridge-st 
Nicholson&InnesBridge-end 
Swauston JameS; Marshall 

Meadows 
Thompson John, Bridge-st.; 

ho. Avenue 

Milliners and Dressmakers 

Barlow Elizaheth and Isa- 
bella, Church-street 
Burn Misses, High-street 
Cameron Misses, Hide-hill 
Davidson Margaret, Tweed- 
mouth 
Fender Misses, Quay-walls 
Fhntotf Jane, Spittal 
Gibson D. & L. Bridge-st 
McD on aldM ary Ann, Church- 
street 



Wilson Catherine, Eavens- 
downe 

Newspapers 

Advertiser( Berwick) ,pub - 
iished every Friday, by 
Andrew Eobson, 46, West- 
ern Lane 

Waeder(Berwick&Kelso), 
published every Faiday, by 
George Macaslde, 57, 
High-street 

Painters and Paper Hangers 

Atkinson Eichard,Western-la 
Clark James, Wool Market 
Crow William and Thomas, 

Bridge-street 
Evans John D. Wool Market 
Gilchrist George, Bridge- 
street 
Gladston Mark, Spittal 
Pattison Thomas, Church-st 

Pawnhrokers 

Bell James T. Eastern -lane 
Oswald George, Chapel-st 

Physicians 
Cahill David, F.S., Parade 
Edgar Saml. F. Bridge-end 
Johnston Geo. Wool Market 
Maclagan and Son, W^ool 
Market 



CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY. 



977 



Kirkwood Alexander. Sandgt 
Wilson James, Sandgate 

Plumbers and Glaziers 
Archbold George, Hide-liill 
Gregg Eobert, Bridge-street 
Lamb David, Wool ])ilarket 
Lamb George, Churcb-st 
Morgan Jobn, Cburcb-street 
Nicholson Eobert, High-st 
Eobison Adam, Y>"estern-ln 
Eowland Elizabetb, Iligb-st 
Walter Andrew, Eastern-ln 
Wilson Thomas, Bridge-st 
Wilson V\^m. Churcb-street 
Young li' Todd, Higb-sti'eet 

Printers 
Davidson Wm. Western -In 
Macaskie Geo. 57, Higb-st 
Melrose Thomas, High-st 
Eennison Jobn, Bridge-st 
Eobson Andi-ew, Western-la 

Eope and Sailmakers 
Bogue William, Higli-street 
PattersonM. &Co. Quay -walls 

, Eope and Twine Manufac- 
turers 
Davidson Jas. Trreedmoutb 
Davidson Eobert, Castlegate 
Drjden Hugh, TNveedraoutb 
Dryden James, Tweedmoutb 
Dryden Wm. Tweedmoutb 
Gilchrist Charles L. High-st 
Mace Benjamin, Bowhng 
Green Eopery, Eavens- 
downe 
MiddlemissMattbew, Higb-st 
\ Simpson Thomas, Hide-hill 

Saddlers and Harness Makers 
Dodds John, High-street 
Fair John, and trunkmaker. 

Hide-bill 
Paston David, Hide-hill 
Henderson Wm. Castlegate 

Ship and Insurance 
Brokers 

Sinclair James, Bridge-street 
Young William, Quay-side 

Shipowners 

■Berwick ShippingCompany, 
Quay, William Paulin, 
agent 

Carr & Co. Palace Green 



Gowan A. B. & Son, Quay 
Hubback Thomas & Joseph, 

Sandgate 
Hull Shipping Company, 

Quay, Agent, Wm. Young 

Slaters and Plasterers 
Brown Jobn, Church-street 
PattersonWilliam, Castlegate 
Thompson James,Wellclose- 

square 
Weatherston Jos. Western-la 
Weatberston Thomas &Son, 

Wool Market 
Westle George,Walkergate-la 

Smiths and Bell Hangers 

Bell Thomas & Son, High-st 
Black John, Tweedmoutb 
Cooper Jobn, Foul Ford 
Drummond Jobn, Hide-hill 
Drum m on d John and Son, 

Western-lane 
ForsterWm. Tweedmoutb 
Gardner Wm . E astern-lane ; 

ho. Wool Market 
Hogg George, Hide-hill 
Jeffrey Alexander, Castlegate 
Jeffrey James, Union Hall 
Liddle John, Tweed-street 
Taylor Jobn, Bridge-street 
Taylor Eobert, Tweedmoutb 
Wilson W. & Son, Bridge-st 
Weatberhead Adam, and 

boiler maker, Tweedmoutb 

Solicitors 

Dalton George,W.anddeputy 
clerk to county court, 
Silver-street ; ho. Palace 
Green 

DougiasEobert,Silver-street ; 
ho. Eavensdowne 

Home Ebt.notary,town clerk, 
& Superintndnt. Eegistrar, 
Quay-walls ; ho. Eavens- 
downe 

Marshall and Sanderson, 
Sandgate 

Pratt John, F. & clerk to the 
visiting justices of the 
Borough Jail, and Com- 
missioner for taking affida- 
vits in the superior courts. 
Bowling Green, Palace 

Eowland Jonathan, Eastern-la 

Smith Wm. T. High street; 
ho. Ava Lodge 



Weatberhead Eobert, and 
coroner, notary and 
steward of the manors of 
Tweedmoutb and Spittal, 
Castlegate 

Weddle James C. notary and 
clerk to the Local Board of 
Health, Palace-street 

White Thomas, Church-st 

Willoughby Wm. andEdward, 
clerks to Board of Guar- 
dianso, & to magistrates of 
Berwick,Norham,&Island- 
shire, Eavensdowne 

Straw Hat Makers 
Belford Margt. Wool Market 
Lindsay Isabella, Eastern-ln 
Steel Margaret, Western-In 
Taylor Isabella, Western-In 

Spade and Shovel Manufac- 
turers 

Black Thomas & Sons, Sea 
View Iron Works, Spittal 

Surgeons 
Edgar Saral. F. Bridge-end 
Fluker Eobert, Bridge-street 
Morrison Andrew, Tweed- 
mouth 
Wilson James, Sandgate 

Tailors 

Marked * are also drapers, f are 
clothiers. 

f Blackie John, Hide-hiU 
Brotherton John, Wallace's 

Green 
Cbrisp Eobert, Tweedmoutb 
Cockburn James, Church-st 
-^Dickson Jon. Walkergate-ln 
Dickson Alexander, Wool 

Market 
Euen Wilham, Church-st 
*-hGray Jobn, High street 
-^Gun Alexandei', High-street 
+Lyal James, Eastern-lane 
McDonald James D. Wool 

]\Iai-ket 
Pringle James, Silver-street 
Eicbardson Geo. Church-st 
■^ Smith Colville, Hide-hiU 
+Strother Geo. Church-st 
♦Thompson T. & E. High-st 
Turnbull Jas. Wool Mai'ket 
Wilson Walter, Tweedmoutb 
Wilson Wm. Walkererate-ln 



678 



BEEWICK-UPON-TWEED CLASSIFIED DIEECTOBY. 



+Waite Alexander, High-st 
Tallow Chandlers 

Kerr Robert, Hide-hill 
Young George, Bridge-st 
Young John, High-street 
Willis Robert, High-street 

Timber Merchants 

Carr & Co. Palace Green 
Allan Brothers, and slate, 

Tweed Saw Mills, Tweed- 

rnouth 
Nicholson&InnesBridge-end 



Tin and Iron Plate "Workers 
and Braziers 

Gregg Eohert, Bridge-street 
Eobisou Adam, Westeru-ln 
Rowland Elizabeth, High-st 
Wilson Thomas, Bridge-st 
"Wilson AViUiam, Church-st 

Veterinary Surgeon 
Hogarth George, High-st 

Watch and Clock Makers I 

Archbold George, Hide-hill j 
Gibson Thomas, Hide-hill 



Nicholson John and Yrilliam, 

Bridge-street 
Pearson William, Western-la 
Schnell Matthew, High-st 

Wine and Spirit Merchants 

Balmer James, Tweedmouth 
Cockburn Thomas and Son, 

Hide-hill 
Henderson Geo. Bridge-eud 
Kay James, Bridge street 
Lawrence George, High-st 
Lagan David, Hide-hill 
Macbeth, David, Sally Port, 

Bridge street 



Public Institutions, OSces, &c. 

Borough jArL,Wallace's Green,W."\Yhinna, 
governor 

County Couet Ori'icE, Silver-st., George 
W. Drdton, Esq , deiraty clerk 

Custom House, Quay Walls, John, Adley, 
Esq., collector 

DisPEKSAEY, Quay Walls, James Marshall, 
secretary 

Gas Companies. — Bebwick-upon-Tweed 
Gas Company ,Jas .Patterson, secretary& 
manager. Beewick and Tweed3iouth 
Gas Company, W. Taylor, manager, 
John Wright, secretary 

Mechanics' Institution and News Eoom 
High-street, William Fleming, librarian 

Police Oefice, Town Hall, John Ander- 
son, superintendent 

Subscription Libeasy, Bridge-st. Richard 
Woolley, liibrarian 

Subsceiption Reading Room, Billiaed 
Room, and Bowling Geeen, Palace 
Green, Robert B. Weatherhead, Esq., 
hon. secretary 

Town Hall, High-street 

Union Woekhouse, James B. Atkinson, 
governor 

Carriers to the following places 

Belford. — George Dixon, from the Salmon 
Hide Hill, on Saturday 

Boicsdon. — William iish, from the Black 
Bull, on Saturday 

Coldingham. — Robert Purvis, from the 
Nag's Head, on Saturday 

Coldstream. — Andrew Mack, from the 
Eishers' Arms, on Tuesdays and Satur- 
days 



Doddinc/ton. — Erancis Purvis, ftom the 

Wool Pack, on Saturday 
Eyemouth. — Geo. Nesbit, from the Salmon, 

High-street, on Saturday 
Femoick and Belford. — George Pur\is,from 

the Brown Bear, on Saturday 
Ford. — John Lock,fromthe Salmon,Hide-hl 

on Saturday 
Holy Island. — John Patterson, from the 

Peacock, on Saturday 
Holy Island. — Robert Yetts Lilbm-n, from 

the Nag's Head, on Saturday 
Howtell. — James Wallace, from the Black 

Bull, once a month 
Hutton — Mrs. White, from the Globe, on 

Satui-day 
Kelso. — Andrew Mack, from the Fishers' 

Arms, on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and 

Saturdays 
Loioick. — James Pattie, from the Eishers 

Arms, on Wednesdays and Satiu'days 
LoicicJi. — William Smith, from the Black 

Bull, on Wednesdays and Saturdays 
Milljield. — William Robson, from the Black 

Bull, on Wednesdays and Saturdays 
Xorham. — John Hattle, from the Plough', 

on Wednesdays and Saturdays 
Swinton. — Geo. McKay, from the Salmon, 

High-street, on Saturdays 
Whitsome. — John Keenlyside, from the 

Wheat Sheaf, on Saturdays 
Winterburn. — John Hovde, from the Black 

Bull, on Saturday 
Wooler. — James Henderson, from the 

Salmon, Hide Hill, on Wednesdays and 

Saturdays 
Wooler. — There is a coach,from the Salmon, 

Hide Hill, every Saturday, at four p.m. 



979 



GEOLOGY OF THE LAKE DISTRICT, 

BY JOHN EOOKE, ESQ., 

OF AKEHEAD, WIGTON, CUilBErvLAND. 



The progress of exact science has gradually brouglit Geology nearer to pure 
physics and distinct facts. No sound geologist now oversteps the boundaries 
here assigned him ; unless by the help of hypotheses duly applied, additional 
facts are gathered by observation and attention, for their better classification. 

I do not propose to describe all that might be said on the Geology of the 
Lake District, my object being that of enabling the future student, while 
carrying on local enquiries, to comprehend the general character of such Geology, 
and what involves the several approaches thereto — everywhere showing an 
all-ruling order and harmony of structure, agreeable to infinite wisdom and a 
Creator's designs. 

In order to detect those forms of drift, which laws of physical forces have 
determined, I have year after year traversed many miles of hill and dale, 
amidst the wildest recesses of the district, for the collection of facts in detail, 
without any other guide than those channels of tidal agency which the ocean 
still continues to flow upon. I acknowledge, in passing, however, the aid I 
have derived from Mr. Flintoff's model of these regions, which shows at a 
glance those general laws of a depository system that lead to the minute 
forms of mountain outhnes, and even their sequence of deposition. 

Geology as an Accepted Science. — In the progress of exact observation, 
Geology has afforded ample materials for assigning it a place as a science 
among the several formulae of mental induction. It now classes all rocks as 
oldest, intermediate, and newest, or, in other words, lowest, transition, and 
uppermost, in the order of superposition. This is determined by their 
respective types also, as azoic or non-fossihferous and unstratified, azoic and 
yet stratified, and azoic and fossiliferous strata. 

Both generally, and in detail as well, this form of classification places an 
intermediate group between two extremes of lowest in position and uppermost. 
The entire frame of our globe, therefore, is classed as lo^Yest and unstratified, 
commonlv crystalline in structure also — transition, which includes intermediate 

3 p 



980 



GEOLOGY OF THE 



sedimentary rocks, azoic or non-fossiliferous, in types and characters, and 
sucli upper stratifications as compose rocks within the records of azoic or 
fossiliferous appearances. Dividing these general orders specially and in 
a similar way, as given below, decides those relative dates wdien the material 
of all rocks passed from a state of drift to that of rest in admitted sequence of 
time. 



OZOIG ORDER 

Teetiaey oe Newest. 



SPECIAL GROUPS. 

(Tide Newest or Pliocene 

•I Earlier or Miocene 

(Earliest of the Group or Eocene. 



Second AET oe Inteemediate. 



Chalk, the -uppermost^ re-divided into 

uppermost, lower, and lowest. 
Oolite, lower, do. do. do. 

, Lias, lowest, do. do. do. 



Pal.^ozoic OE Oldest. 



TRANSITION AND AZOIC ORDER. 



Steatified and Azoic, 



IjNSTRATIFIED and azoic ORDER. 



Cevstalline in Steuctuee. 



f New red sandstone, uppermost ; re-divided 

into niagnesian Hmestone, intermediate, 

and the lowest. 
Carboniferous group ; coal measures, upper 

millstone grit, intermediate, limestone, 

and gritstone lowest. 
Old red sandstone uppermost ; Palaeozoic 

schist earlier; and oldest Palseozoic 

limestone earliest. 



'Schist, argilaceous mud, indurated by 

electro -chemical agency. 
Mica schist, do. do. do. 

^ Green stone and gneiss, earliest, do. 



'Porphyry, crystallized by electro-chemical 

agency. 
Sienite, earlier, do. do. do. 

Granite, earliest do. do. do. 



Such a triplicate form of classification, applied to the general divisions of 
Geology, and ever including triplications within these outlines, is both easy 
in comprehension, and affords a ready reference to each class. Geology, as 
a science so treated, offers a lucid reading of the structure of our globe, 
places it amongst the exact sciences, and gives facilities for an examination 
of its records, as applied to the Lake District, which any tyro may readily 
understand, and trace through their seyeral ramifications to minute incidents 
and contingencies. 

Unaccepted Geology. — Every calm geologist admits, that the main 
portion of the materials which compose the frame of our globe have been 
primarily drifted to the position they now hold, driven onwards by the forces 
of a vast rolling ocean, on term j of physical centricity and eccentricity. 



LAKE DISTETCT, 981 

These conditions applied to materials in a state of drift, tlie composition of 
AYhich differed in their specific gravity, or mud and water commingled together, 
necessarily separated such a compound into two parts, and thus brought the 
more heavy and sluggish portion of those materials to a state of rest. Hence 
the primarily fluent mud was divided from the waters by those laws of eccen- 
tric gravitation, which resisted and exhausted the forces of the great deeps, 
either by mud driven before them, and placed in the form of bars, or in lines 
of continuous ridges, which exhausted the forces of the waters, and so divided 
them from the mud with which they had been primarily commingled. 

On these laws of specific gravitation, then, the Neptunian theory of Geology 
takes its firm stand, and traces out the undulated surface of the globe in 
correspondence mainly with the depository laws of mud and water commingled, 
and, as physically constituted, when in a state of rolling activity, the water 
by its subtle motion drives mud either upon natural barriers, or into lines of 
mud, placed where the drifting forces of the water have been exhausted. 

In opposition to these plain views of the structure of the globe, as referred 
to its undulated surface, the Vulcanic theory of Geology would seem to 
entertain one of two opinions — either that some power, which is begged, has 
lifted up parts of the earth in dome-sbaped forms, or that an assumed outer 
crust thereof has been broken into waves of translation, like some vast field of 
ice, or rather the undulations of fluent materials taking the wave-like forms of 
a vast rolhng ocean. 

Facts, hov/ever, are continually at variance with either theory, and even 
both of them combined. For the advocates of such schemes, to reconcile the 
slippery hypothesis dealt in, beg the admission of an infinite series of "faults," 
so called, in their geological nomenclature, but which the Neptunian system 
has no need of. 

Nor do any two writers of the former class agree in opinion. Some go 
back to the time and notions of Strabo — others would have the earth swelled 
outwards like a blown bladder — while they all neglect or overlook those laws 
of oceanic forces, which have separated land from water on rigidly physical 
cojiditions, flowing from concentric motion into eccentric depositions, that 
constantly trace outlines leading to the primary impetus from whence those 
lines, whether vertically or horizontally taken, are geometrically drawn. Like 
the wren, their habitat is far apart from those regions of light in which the 
eagle of truth dwells, — they are prone to flutter as critics nevertheless, or 
sneer in harmless breathings. 

Mud and water compose the primary materials of our globe. " The vapours 
which arise from the sun, the fixed stars, and the tails of comets," as expressed 
in Newton's Principia, " may fall by their gravity into the atmosphere of 
the planets, where they may be condensed and converted into water and 
humid gases, and afterwards by a slow heat" (generated electro- chemically) 
" graduate into salts, and sulphurs, and tinctures, and mire, and mud, and 
clay, and sand, and' stones, and corals, and other earthy substances." These 
materials, then, have been drifted on laws of physical force and centricity, into 
the eccentric structure of an embodied glc^e, as we now find the figure and 



98'^ GEOLOGY OF THE 

surface of the earth in form and aspect. These are the rigid terms on which 
Neptunian Geology takes it stand, and from whence all its conclusions are 
drawn, in strict conformity to facts and phenomena. 

" We find fire and water," says Dr. Buchland, " those two universal and 
antagonizing forces which have materially influenced the condition of the 
globe." Again, " the state of the ingredients of crystalhue rocks has, in a 
great degree, been influenced by chemical and electro-magnetic forces, whilst 
that of stratified sedimentary deposits has resulted chiefly from the mechanical 
action of moving w^ater, and has occasionally been modified by large admixtures 
of animal and vegetable remains. The action of all these forces will be 
rendered most intelligible by examples of their efiects, ''found in the hypothesis 
of the original fluidity of the entire materials of the earth." 

Professor Sedgwick has also said, that "all the slate beds were at first in 
the condition of a very fine mud or silt, deposited, layer above layer, by the 
sea:" further observing, that "beds of mud and sand were deposited in an 
ancient sea. Plutonic rocks were then, for many ages, poured out among the 
aqueous sediments — beds were broken up and re-cemented— plutonic silt and 
other materials in the finest comminution were deposited along with the 
igneous rocks — the effects were again and again repeated, till a deep sea 
was filled up with a formation many thousand feet in thickness." 

Nor does the acute Professor account for crystallization and induration in 
a manner different from that of Professor Buckland. He asks — "What are 
crystalline rocks, and the cleavage plane of slates, and all the perplexing 
phenomena of metallic veins, but the results oi chemical action carried on 
upon a gigantic scale — of experiments made of old in nature's laboratory — 
which w^e can sometimes feebly imitate ? The laws of electro-chemical action 
are among the greatest discoveries of m.odern times." 

No waiter has been more anxious to avoid or to correct error than the high 
intellect here quoted ; nor more sensible how readily small errors may creep 
in, at variance wdth that chain of being we often attempt to interpret in vain. 
He observes by the way — "I will escape from the slippery ground of 
hypothesis." 

When my distinguished friend, Andrew Crosse, Esq., at the meeting of 
the British Association for the Advancem.ent of Science, held at Bristol, in 
1836, show^ed that by a slow galvanic process carried on in darkness, and 
applied to given ingredients, either in a state of mud, or held in a state of 
solution by water, they were convertible into every class of rocks from granite 
to the newest tertiary beds, he made that great discovery, which opened out 
a fresh path for the scientific investigators "of modern times." To use his 
own words : " For a long series of years I have considered the electric 
inflaence to be, metaphorically speaking, the right hand of the Almighty, 
used after the creation of elementary atoms, calling or collecting together the 
simple or compound bodies in which we find them, and resolving them into 
their original elements on the approach of an opposite electrical action ; just 
as oxygen and hydrogen, in their relative proportions, art condensed into 
water, which again in its turn, by the aioplication of a more powerful electrical 



!i 



LAKE DIStEiCT. 983 

current, is restored to its original elementary state. I have, in the whole 
course of my experiments, endeavoured to follow nature as far as was in my 
humble po^Yer, being perfectly convinced that, if one condition under which 
nature works be omitted, a greater or less failure will be the inevitable result. 
In confomiity with this, I have observed that darkness most favours universal 
crystallization, and in many instances is quite indispensable. In short, we 
must be blind indeed not to feel convinced of the predominance of design. 
Throughout the whole earth, in every ramification, a blind imitation of nature 
will be more successful than an opened-eyed following of art." 

Such are the words of the instructor and guide I very humbly follow. True 
to an avowal which is all his own, he said — " I must state, for the sake of 
truth and the science which I follow, that I am neither an atheist, nor a 
materialist, nor a self-imagined creator, but a humble and lowly reverencer 
of that great Being, whose laws my accusers seem wholly to have lost 
sight of." 

Unaccepted Geology, then, in reference to the primary state of those 
materials which compose the earth's frame, and in reference also to electro- 
chemical agency, viewed as conditions concerned in the crystallization, 
induration, and cementation of rocks — this portion of the subject in hand 
may be taken as settled ; and also that geological conclusions have advanced 
in coiTespondence with chemical and electrical science. What is accepted in 
the latter, may now be fairly taken as accepted in application to the former, 
and as sanctioned by the most celebrated names of past and present days. 
These considerations obviously bring us to those laws of drifting forces, which 
have determined the surface appearances of the globe. 

To the question, " What is electro-chemical agency ?" the true answer 
would seem to be, electricity. Viewed in itself as a special agent, it is purely 
immaterial, and has no place in any specific element or material body. All 
material bodies and elements are in an inconceivably active state. The earth, 
for instance, moves in its orbit some 68,000 miles per hour, and 1,000 miles 
per hour on its axis, and nevertheless preserves a motive balance. Electricity 
would, therefore, seem to be the equilibrium of inconceivably active forces. 
Hence it is merely the amazingly active law of being, as seen telegraphically, 
and ever resolving itself into an equilibrium of relative forces. For, although 
the earth moves at a speed so enormous, yet th« exactness of its elemental 
balance is such that its equilibrium is constantly preserved, notwithstanding 
the vast movements of a material frame ; and this brings us to those exact- 
nesses in physical force which are universally diffused. In other words, 
gravitation is exact in its final results, proving thereby the wondrous unifor- 
mity of physical force, as regulated by the relative state of being ; and what we 
know of electricity and learn about it, is but a trivial disturbance of some local 
equilibrium temporarily in physical forces. 

In the vast agitations of universal force, nothing can therefore be in a state 
of absolute rest. The mud of which the globe is admitted to be composed 
primarily, would therefore necessarily take a form determined by mechanical 
centricity, losing its balance in part, and flying into eccentric forms. Hence 



984 GEOLOGY OF THE 

the form of the globe is au oblate spheroid eccentrically constructed, nor 
could its surface be primarily a level plane. Eccentric results would neces- 
sarily, in the separation of mud and water, trace out deep furrows in the 
depositions of the former, and these furrows in detail would resolve them into 
eccentric delineations, even though the first impetus were concentric ; and 
such furrows constantly deepening would lower the water from the hills, while 
there would be a constant tendency to that which did not absolutely happen. 

In Wyld's Popular Atlas, Mr. Hyde Clark says — " The paths, or orbits of 
the planets are in irregular-shaped ellipses, because, according to physical 
laws, they cannot be circular. For, in nature, a circle, or right line is never 
formed nor is the same shape ever gone over again, which would be the case 
if the orbits were circular. In nature, there is always a contest between 
centricity and eccentricity." Such, then, are the terms to which physical 
philosophy has been brought, and that now sanction its appliance to Geology 
as a branch in science flowing therefrom ; and in these respects Geology must 
be taken as a department of pure science referable to facts, physics, and 
classification. 

Distribution of Land and Water over the Earth's Surface. — The 
earth may be said to be mechanically balanced in equipoise upon its axis, 
moving some 68,000 miles per hour in its orbit, aud 1,000 miles per hour on 
its poles. On these terms a motive impetus is given, which naturally involves 
centripetal and centrifugal forces, wdiich contribute to counterbalance and fix 
the limitations of each other in equilibrio. As, then, the primary materials 
to which the globe owed its structure, were mud and water blended together, 
and constantly rolling at a high speed amidst elemental fluids, so was a 
physical force generated, by which its material body has been drifted into an 
irregularly-shaped oblate spheroid. 

Determined in figure by the physical conditions of a globe in motion — 
thoughlaws of rest naturally caused mud and water to descend upon the poles ; 
yet the rate of its rolling impetus had a still higher tendency to lift them 
towards the equator, and so flattened the form of the polar regions — conditions 
to which the waters of the earth still conform, as relatively compared to that of 
the tropics. Hence the prevailing law of physical force was that of v,'ater 
driving away mud, in the direction of the tropics from the polar regions. 
When viewed eccentrically, we find this tendency vastly stronger from the 
southern than the northern pole. And this law of the distribution of water 
upon the surface of the earth is still the same as at the most early date, 
retaining the ancient lines of direction into which it was primarily and 
physically driven by the first figures of dry land, or mud separated and 
deposited apart from the great deeps. Were an eccentric circle drawn around 
the south pole, we should find a space occupied by water alone equal to about 
one half the area of the entire globe, while we observe a basin of water mainly 
occup;^ing the north pole, surrounded by a circuit of land, the rivers of which 
chiefly bear upon that pole, the Atlantic presenting an elongated outline. 
But we find it, also, a cross link of water which connects the two polar basins, 
and everywhere xesembling a mighty river, rather than the circular basins of 
the poles. 



LAKE DISTRICT. 085 

We experimentally and theoretically find, that a portion of water placed 
upon a globe in a given motion, necessarily has, in the distribution thereof, 
its primary impetus from the axis. The physical force, therefore, by which 
water in motion, upon the surface of the earth, cleared itself from mud 
primarily, was theoretically that of drifting such mud upon the equator, and 
so forming a crest of dry land thereon. 

Xevertheless, eccentric results obtained ; and we find this primary theory 
experimentally correct in approximation only. Like a bias in a loaded bowl, 
land is heavier towards the north than the south pole, so that the crest of this 
shifted mud was deposited in excess on the northern line of the equator. 
Nor did this eccentric law of physical force stop here ; it applies to the axis 
of the old world only. The mighty flood of waters, deriving its gigantic im- 
petus from the south pole eccentrically, has broken through the tropical crest 
just shown, and fixed the axis of the new world at right arfgles nearly to that 
of the old world, and thus placing the river-like form of the Atlantic ocean 
with uncommon regularity betwe^i them ; so that we find the axis of America 
from Cape Horn, through the rocky mountains into the Arctic Ocean, placed 
in a continuously flowing Une throughout, and directly across the equatorial 
region, presenting at the same time the two eccentric figures of North and 
South America, even in outline similar to the coast of Africa. 

Motive Disteibution of th^e Ocean. — When mechanical and physical 
forces had determined to dry the land of the earth, by drifting mud from the 
poles towards the equator, and deposits had taken their several forms con- 
formably to the laws of gravitation here so distinctly illustrated, the motion 
of the great deeps took a settled course throughout, coincident with the figures 
of the dry land previously finished. The earth's motion being eastward, the 
flowing waters resting on its surface took a relatively \vestward movement, in 
combination with that which ejected those waters lineally from the south pole 
upon the north pole, to be in their turn propelled southward again by the 
projectile force of the land they fell upon. 

As a general theory, then, the Pacific Ocean moves westward and northward, 
in conformity to the united forces of a double impetus derived from a globe 
in motion, and partly overspread by waters, which rest upon an unequal 
surface. Hence the waters of the Pacific are ejected through the Atlantic 
Ocean into the Arctic Ocean, and from thence projected back again through 
the Atlantic into the Pacific. Such are the general laws and results which 
determine and regulate the motions of the great deeps in their order of 
currents and counter-currents, and from whence the local tides have their 
origin. Here we discover, by rigid induction, those projectile forces in 
agreement with which oceanic currents traverse the surface of the earth 
among fixed barriers of land ; and the well-known Gulf-stream of the 
Atlantic Ocean affords a link in this great system, to w^hich we may readily 
attach the rest of the continuous chain. While this stream flows along the 
channels of the Atlantic, we fail in detecting a tidal swell, until its force 
breaks upon the more shallow and confined shores of Europe. Five hundred 
miles from their terminus, the tides which run upon the British Isles, have 



986 GEOLOGY OF THE 

their origin in the deep channels of the Gulf-stream; and the Lake District 
is equi-distant from three separate tide waves which anciently fell upon its 
shores. 

First, one from the coast of Norway, w^hich now flows into the strait of 
Dover, and ends there. A second starts at the Gulf-stream, takes the north 
Irish channel, runs on St Bee's Head, and divides itself northward in the 
Solway Frith, and southward to Morecambe Bay. A third wave, similar in 
origin, rounds the south of Ireland, fills the British channel up to the strait 
of Dover, the Bristol channel also, and meets the northern wave, as already 
traced out, in Morecambe Bay. 

Anciently, and as shown by distinct lines of depository material, the eternal 
records of past events, these three tide waves held their several bearings on 
the centre of the Lake District. On White Stones, or the plateau of 
Borrowdale, a flat rounded waste immediately to the north of Coddle Pike, at 
which point a southern wave has left deep scars of its terminal fury ; while 
the rains that fall on the w^aste of AVhite Stones -shed themselves into the 
descending valleys of Watendlath, Stonethwaite, Langdale, and Easdale, 
being, in the language of Wordsworth, " like spokes from the nave of a wheel," 
on which all the main valleys of the Lake District immediately hold their 
hearings — from Ulleswater to A¥aste Water, Enuerdale, and Buttermere*"; 
so that the flattened waste of White Stones is the true dome around which all 
the main lakes of the district are severally clustered, as a common centre of 
drifted materials, and divested of faults, except those eccentric lines described 
in hill and valley, and necessarily a result of physical forces applied to the 
drifting of mud hj currents of water to places of rest ; the whole region 
being constructed in eithsr direct barriers of collision, like the axis of the old 
world, or disposed in flowing lines similar to the new world. 

Unstratified and Crystalline Rocks within the Lake District. — 
Primarily the material of this order of rocks has been deposited m the form 
of drifted mud, and subsequently crystallized by electro-chemical agency. Its 
irregular outlines would seem attributable to an outer frame having been 
imperfectly cemented, and large portions of such material, having been subject 
to denudation, have gone to the providing of material for future rocks com- 
posed of clay or sand. So it may probably be that the red sand of the river 
Dee, as seen in Braemar Forest, still points to the original site of the millstone 
grit, which now composes the chief material of the Penine chain of hills. 
The oldest rocks are commonly the hardest, and the best cemented. Y^t such 
a rule is exceedingly liable to exceptions, and amounts to a proof that electro- 
chemical agency, by which crystallization has been mainly effected, has at all 
times been subject to very different degrees of intensity ; and, therefore, like 
the baking of some brick kiln, the original structure of granite and other 
crystalline rocks, has been subject to vast denudations, which have gone into 
the structures of newer deposits. 

Were the induration of rocks the exponent of heat deeply seated in the 
earth's frame, that heat might have been expected to evince some constant or 
continuous proofs of its influence. But it is quite otherwise, and liable to 



LAKE DISTRICT. 987 

repeated alternations of hard and soft rocks, as \ye trace any class of strata 
through its several beds ; proving that these variations in hardness depended 
on the several plates of material in their separate series and other physical 
conditions, inducing electro- chemical activity in more or less intense degrees, 
■which was probably no other difference in depositions than that of a calm and 
a highly agitated sea inducing electro-chemical influence. 

In other words, three separate tide waves, exhausting their several forces on 
the central ground of the Lake District, and by a violent agitation of marine 
waters inducing a state of intense electro-chemical activity, which converted 
muddy materials into crystalline rocks. Strict attention to the physical con- 
ditions already given, affords ample data for describing an organic sequence of 
rocks lying within the area of the Lake District. 

Granite is found on three points. First, that of Red Pike and Bootle ; 
secondly, the Skiddaw granite ; and, thirdly, that of Wasdale Cragg or Shap 
Fells. It must be here held in \ie^^\ that at the date when these isolated 
patches had been completed, all was sea around them, and that a vast rolling 
tide wave from off the coast of Norway flowed along the line of Ulleswater, 
directly on the angle of a line of wave coming through the north Irish channel, 
while a third wave from the south Irish channel, fell perpendicularly upon the 
meeting ground of the other two waves. 

The primeval results of these physical conditions were a disorderly reef 
of granite and sienite, eighteen miles in length, beginning at Red Pike 
and ending at Bootle, with a small patch of grey granite, which is seen in 
(jrlenderaterra, between Skiddaw and Saddleback, along with the isolated patch 
of Wasdale Cragg. Here we find granite on three points, and a tide wave 
taking its course between each of them, as represented by the line of 
LTlleswater, Derwent Lake, and Windermere. 

The most early additions made to these primary bases of depositions, were 
the porphyry of Wanthwaite Cragg and Naddle, the sienite of Carrock 
taking a direction in the immediate line of the Skiddaw granite and the green 
stone of Binsey, which afford an axis also in the line of the Skiddaw granite, 
and complete an angular figure presenting its apex southward, and open 
northward. * 

The relative structure of these first barriers, composed of crystalline rocks 
built up by electro-chemical agency amidst exhausted tide waves, provided 
em.bayed ground for a future depository system to rest upon. 

Oldest Sedimentary Formation. — The Skiddaw granite, in direct con- 
nexion with the sienite of Carrock and the green stone of Binsey, afforded a 
nucleus for the oldest deposits to rest upon, and apart from the other groups of 
these hills ; but on a limited area only, in the wilds of Skiddaw Forest and 
Glenderaterra, is the oldest transition class met with, exhibited in compact 
arenaceous strata giving forth a musical sound. 

In tracing out the boundaries of the main nucleus of the Lake District, 
we find the crystalline system of Red Pike, seven miles apart in a north-east 
direction, from a similar axis which runs for five miles through Castlerigg, 
Naddle, St. John s Vale, and Wanthwaite Cragg. Fourteen miles from this 

3 p a 



988 GEOLOGY OF THE 

cragg in a south-easterly bearing, the porphyretic granite of Wasdale Cragg 
is met with. In a south-easterly direction from this cragg to Bootle, 
twenty-eight miles intervene, free from any appearance of unstratified 
rocks ; and if to these spaces we add eighteen miles from Bootle to Red 
Pike, on summing the v,-hole of them up, we find an outer girdle seventy- 
three miles in length, forming the true nucleus of the Lake District. 
But in retracing the limits of the oldest transition series, we find its area 
swelled out to a circuit of ninety-one miles — namely, from Red Pike, by 
Honister Cragg, Castlerigg, the porphyry of St. John's, and Wanthwaite 
Cragg, to Stybarrow Cragg, Place Fell, Swarth Fell, and Wasdale Cragg — 
the south-eastern buttress of this ground. Thence w-e observe it tending in 
a gentle concave form to Black Combe, and passing by Bootle and Muncastcr 
Fell to Red Pike again. 

Along the entire course of this circuit, towering craggs, elevated mountains, 
contorted stratification, deep cleavage plates, and stupendous waterfalls, 
proclaim a rugged sea beach at an early date, quite distinct from the general 
features of the rest of the district ; and afford a sketch to the eye, which 
separates the transition schist formation from a newer series of schist, which, 
at a subsequent date, has been added to the entire circuit of a primary nucleus. 
Within the area of this primary nucleus, none of the chief lakes are found ; 
and yet they all touch its immediate confines. Windermere, Ullesw^ater, 
Derwent, Buttermere, Coniston, and Ennerdale lakes, all go up to its borders, 
and encircle its boundaries. Wast Water, Thirlmere, Grasmere, and Hawes 
Water, lie within these physical boundaries. But its area contains within it 
nearly all the tarns ; because these are the abutting termini of tide waves, 
which, whirling in strong rebounding eddies, left circular pools most beautifully 
figured out, and overhung by lofty precipices and bold escarpments, evinchig 
the final throes of Atlantic forces in these interesting and strong types of 
tidal activity. 

In this region a great variety of rocks are found, the classification of which 
is far from being settled. Drifted materials having been rolled into deter- 
minate positions by three separate tide waves, and placed upon bases w-hicli 
may have differed in their mineral composition ; the electro-chemical con- 
ditions under v;hich each locality was placed, being different as concerned the 
ingredients acted upon, and of the intensity of the galvanic action evolved 
also, results would differ, and afford that variety of mineral products met with 
in the nucleus of the system. 

It may be inductively admitted that the area of this central nucleus of the 
Lake District, environed by crystalhne rocks as we find it to be, is occupied 
by a similar structure at no considerable depth beneath its superincumbent 
formation. When these mountains, primarily composed of argilaceous and 
arenaceous mud, were deposited upon such a base, an intense galvanic battery 
was certain to be brought into full activity, and originate a fan-shaped 
cleavage, which is now admitted to be a leading feature in the Cordilleras, 
Appallachian, Allegany, and Alpine ranges of mountains. Nor does this law 
of cleavage, as a general rule, fail in the main nucleus of the Lake District ; for 



I 



LAKE DISTRICT. 989 

we fiud the noted pale blue roofing slate, in a vertical form, traversing the 
centres of these mountains to their very summits, passing through Coniston 
Old Man into Langdale, and through Honister Cragg into Borrowdale, 
succeeded latterly by an inclined cleavage. Now, this is precisely what might 
be expected to follow, were a mountain of mud placed so as to form a power- 
ful galvanic battery ; it would cleave the centre of such a mountain, bake it 
into vertical slates, and lastly give an inclined dip to its sides. Such terms 
form a leading feature in the nucleus of the Lake District. The cleavage is 
by no means connected with the beds of stratification, but the result of a 
mountain of mud, settling by its own superincumbent weight, and finally 
baked by electro-chemical mean';. These mountains do not admit the 
possibility of having been upheaved in undulations by the earth's crust 
breaking up in normal waves of translation, since they form a complete series 
of diverging lines, under the depository influence of three separate tide waves, 
all of which are finally concentrated on White Stones. Neither is that centre 
conspicuous in elevation, but the reverse, formed into a sort of rugged basin, 
amidst a circuit of lofty mountains. 

In Naddle, thick beds of stratified schist are seen dipping to the south, on 
not more than some thirty degrees of inclination ; and resting on conglomerate 
as the primary foundation of a future superstructure carried southward, until 
a true centre has been worked out on White Stones. Though the early 
deposits are somewhat complex, and drifted by a southern tide wave as far 
north as Naddle, and St. John's Vale, yet v.'e find the entire structure corres- 
ponding with laws of centricity at its close ; and, by observation and attention, 
still capable of distinct analysis and synthesis, as if it were mechanical frame- 
work, each part fitted to its purpose and place designed. 

Protozoic Limestone. — Having shown that the primary nucleus of the 
Lake District is composed of mountains and drainage lines flowing from a 
position already ascertained, like radiations of light diffused from a common 
centre, our next step is to follow out these several radiations, newer in struc- 
ture, wdiich have been added thereto at a subsequent date, or drifted into 
previously vacant places. 

Among the most interesting of these radiated additions, is the Coniston 
limestone. It is Protozoic, and cannot therefore be classed as transition 
limestone, which ought to be purely non-fossiliferous. Hence its true place 
is the most early Palseozoic limestone. This limestone is found everywhere 
resting immediately upon the older transition hills, along their southern 
escarpment, from the granite of Wasdale Cragg on the east, to the granite of 
Bootle on the west, along a very narrow space, twenty-eight miles in length, 
except where at intervals it has been denuded by cross currents, such as 
Langdale, Grasmere, and Kentmere. In proof how closely it rests upon 
and against the older transition rocks, and determines their boundaries, it is 
found at Yew Tree, drifted into the deep cavity of Yewdale, where the older 
hills are furrow^ed out a mile in depth, brought back again on the opposite 
side of the dale — Coniston flagstones occupying the central ground of Yew- 
dale ; and, on completing such indentation into this dale, it resumes its place 



k 



990 GEOLOGY OF THE 

along tlae escarpment of the transition series, as if tliey had been a mould 
fitted for its reception, and into which it bad been drifted by tidal forces. 

Indeed, the way in which these rocks follow each other in successive series, 
shows how closely the unstratitied rocks had regulated a future depository 
system ; while it points to the nature of the previous operations, by which a 
crystalline structure had been fabricated amidst the meeting-ground of three 
separate tide waves. Xo eruptive agency, depending upon incidents of 
chance, were likely to have reared barriers so centrical, nor of clearing the 
channels of navigation from sunken rocks composed of granite, and the rest 
of what are called igneous products. I admit that these are igneous in 
their composition, but the instrument of decomposition is galvanic, and may 
have been as comparatively slow and cold meanwhile as the formation of the 
suspended stalacite. 

New Series of Schist. — On the entire foreground of the most early 
Palaeozoic limestone, in the direction of Morecambe Bay, or southward there- 
from, we find beds of a newer schist, in superposition to that limestone. As 
this schist rests upon fossiliferous beds of limestone, and is in itself fossili- 
ferous, its true place must be Palaeozoic schist— a name which nobody can 
mistake at all acquainted vrith rocks bearing the slaty cleavage. All the 
series, slaty in the structure, from the oldest Palceozoic limestone occupying 
the southern frontier of the older transition formation, up to Morecambe Bay, 
must therefore be classed as Palaeozoic schist. So far these conclusions may 
be placed in the category of accepted Geology. 

Nevertheless, here we arrive on delicate and questionable ground. How 
shall we settle the boundaries of Palaeozoic schist ? From the Duddon to 
Fountains Fell in Yorkshire, a space of forty miles, radiations of schist, in 
advance of previous deposits, hold their sedimentary lines uniformly south- 
ward. Along this section, except where carboniferous limestone has been 
drifted into vacant spaces previously unoccupied by schist, we find the 
features of the district, the character of its rocks, and the direction of its 
hills and valleys, perfectly similar. Insomuch are we justified in extending 
the field of Palaeozoic schist from the Duddon to Fountains Fell, and as far 
northward as Sedbergh and Wasdale Cragg. 

The Howgill, Cautley, and Tebay Fells, composed of schist, here come 
next under review. How shall we dispose of these ? In what category shall 
we place them ? It would seem that no deposits so old as transition schist 
rest on the south-eastern shoulder of Wasdale Cragg. The samel of that 
locahty — resting on the granite of Wasdale Cragg, very hard in structure, 
fine grained, blue in colour, complicated in its cleavage joints, and distorted 
in its beds of stratification — is spread over this shoulder in the form of a thin 
mantle, resting its border on the granite of Wasdale Cragg, and overlaid by 
the old red sandstone of Shap Wells. The character of this samel, so called, 
may be readilly accounted for, and sheds much lighten Geology as a science. 
Mineral plates, so dissimilar in composition and structure as granite and 
samel, placed under the influence of oceanic ton-en ts, would physically form 
a more intense galvanic battery than plates of Palaeozoic schist resting on 



LAKE DISTRICT. 991 



I each otlier, and elicit a local excess of electro-chemical intensity corres- 
pondingly. 
The group of hills, therefore, lying on the south-eastern shoulder of Was- 
dale Cragg, cannot be placed in a transition period of deposits, but in that of 
_. Palaeozoic schist — coeval with that of Coniston, which also lests upon the 
immediate border of transition schist. The Tebay, Cautley, and HovTgill 
Fells, also, belong therefore to the series of Palaeozoic schist. 

With a body of facts before us, so plainly verified, how shall we class the 
several clusters of hills that lie on the northern borders of the main nucleus 
of the Lake District ? Does the same rule of classification, which so distinctly 
applies to the southern region of this nucleus, fail in its application to its 
immediate northern border ? By no means. 

The group of hills which shed their waters into the Derwent and Cocker, 
from Peel Wyke to Gatesgarth, must be classed as Palaeozoic schist. These 
are Harroth Fell, Wythop Fells, Whiteside, GrassDioor, Ladhouse, Whiteless 
Pike, Grisdale Pyke, Causey Pike, Catbells, Goldscope, Highsnab, and 
Robinson. The Skiddaw cluster of hills also, resting on their central 
nucleus, as already described, must therefore be similarly classed, as well as 
the district of Matterdale and Gowbarrow Parks, where extended beyond the 
boundaries of transition schist. 

The several hills also, bearing the slaty cleavage to the westward of the 
granite of the Pied Pike, follow the same order of classification. These are 
Dent, Coldfell, Bleng, and Ponsonby Fells, part of Copeland Forest, and 
Blakeley. Had space permitted, much might have been added in this place, 
in corroboration of the laws of drift, supported by physical facts, by which the 
materials of these hills have been rolled upon a previously constructed base. 
Fossil remains, indeed, conclusively show that a progressive subsidence of the 
ocean had taken place, inasmuch as animal and fossil plants are found deeply 
embedded in the earth, which have been the inhabitants of previously dry 
iand. All the earth has been primarily covered by the ocean, and a portion 
of it then must have become dry land before the rest, and that portion is now 
the most elevated. I should be glad to learn what scheme and order of 
uplifting agency would agree with these plain facts, without violating 
mechanical laws, and those proofs which surface lineaments afford. 

Old Red Sandstone. — At the close of Palaeozoic schist, from Red Pike, 
in the direction of St. Bee's Head, Dent was the most advanced tidal water- 
shed point ; yet old red sandstone is not seen resting thereon, but where a 
rebounding wave might be expected to place it amidst the exhausted forces 
of a tidal wave. • It would appear to form the axis of Weddiker Rigg ; and 
from thence to Hesket-New-Market, though nowhere detected, it probably 
underlies a new^er group of Palaeozoic strata. 

To the eastward of Brampton, in the bed of the river Irthing, old red 
sandstone is met with, and also at Melmerby, dipping under Crossfell ; and 
may be traced along the foot of the Crossfell range of hills to Birks Know, 
Knock Pike, Dufton Pike, and ]\lurton Pike, where it seems deposited in a 
disorderly form, amidst exhausted eddies, occasioned by the waters of the 



99Q. GEOLOGY OF THE 

Lune running across tlie Sohvay stream, and which accounts for the distorted 
structure of this line of conical hills, placed apart from each other in the 
form of isolated cones. 

From this data here given, it may he inferred that a reef of old red sand- 
stone, novv overlaid partly hj a newer system, had been formed at the same 
date, running from the Cheviots by Melmerby into Yorkshire, as the primary 
base of the Penine chain. Yet by some geologists it is called the greatest 
fault in Europe, though a regular deposit on the meeting-ground of two 
opposing tide waves. 

Here we are able to detect the progress of a change which occurred in the 
courses of the several tide waves, from the close of the Paleozoic schist deposits, 
up to the completion of old red sandstone. 

On the southern range of the PalEEozoic schist formation, from Black 
Combe on the west, to Fountains Fell in Yorkshire on the east, a highly 
spiculated frontier presents itself, everywhere conforming to the lines of drift 
determined by a southern tide wave, falling perpendicularly on a barrier lying 
across its course. Agreeable to these physical conditions, old red sandstone 
is found to have been drifted into the gorges of the Mint, near Kendal, the 
Lune, near Kirby Lonsdale, and the Rother, near Sedbergh — sanctioning 
an inference that the old red sandstone is probably overlaid extensively on the 
foreground here marked out, as the boundaries of Morecambe Bay at an early 
date. 

Oldest Millsone Grit. — While treating on the immediate laws of tidal 
agency which are connected with the Lake District, up to the deposition of 
the oldest millstone grit, it might scarcely appear requisite to trace the 
drifting of material from a distance. But as we observe the path of old red 
sandstone, in the Orkney Isles, to have been drifted out of northern deeps, 
and from off the Scandinavian chain of mountains, which barred and embayed, 
at an early date, the wide-spread levels of north-eastern Europe, we may be 
allowed to trace the connexion between old red sandstone and the oldest 
millstone grit. 

In the distribution of materials by water, a granular millstone grit seems 
so assimilated wdth old red sandstone as almost to blend the two in one, 
ere a still newer system commenced. The sandstone or millstone grit is met 
with in the tributary streamlets of Eskdale and Liddesdale, holding a position 
equivalent to old red sandstone — that is, resting on schist or Grauwacke — 
and hence classed as old red sandstone by some geologists, but owing to the 
sharpness, of its granular structure, it may be regarded as a repetition of 
drifted sand from the Grampians and Scandinavian mountains, and which is 
still met with along the river Dee, in the Forest of Braemar, Aberdeenshire. 
It suggests how denudations of granite, at different periods of time, may 
have supplied the material of sandstones differing in colour from red to 
white. 

In tracing the orighi of sandstone to granite partly, its variety of colour, 
the abrasion it has undergone, and its distribution as tidal drift, we seem 
carried back again to the primary groups of rocks. Starting, therefore, from 



LAKE DISTRICT. 993 

crTstalliue rocks in situ, we follow tidal channels until we learn that tliey still 
remain the same as of old. 

The vast masses of conglomerate that overlie the southern escarpment of 
the Grampians, inform us about the patli taken by much of the material which 
finally swelled out the structure of the Penine chain. We may find differ- 
ences in the hardness of material drifted on the channels here pointed out, 
and in their degree of comminution ; yet a process of drift along a flowing 
tideway helps to account for such differences satisfactorily, as well as the 
progressive clianges which calcareous, carbonaceous, bituminous, basaltic, 
fossiliferous, and interstratified admixtures, have l^nt to silicious strata electro- 
chemically. 

Tracing out a series of sedimentary dates according to these terms, leads 
to the true base of the Penine chain — namely, old red sandstone ascending 
progressively to the close of a lower millstone grit. A flowing tide wave first 
assorted the U-iaterials of drift agreeable to laws of physical force, and finally 
deposited them on ground where these forces were exhausted. Such is the 
fault of the Penine chain. Material has been rolled up a low inclined plane 
from the north-east, while its several beds have been scoured off from the 
westward. And sucli are the true waves of translation, again and again 
repeated, where an eastern wave ran into direct collision with a pair of 
western waves. 

Yellow Sandstone, the Lower Limestone, and Lower Coal. — Piecur- 
ring to what has gone before, and to the origin of sandstone, as the debris of 
a previous crystalline structure, we have next to trace the channels of drift 
from the arctic circle southwards. Conformably to the laws of centrifugal 
forces, there is a distribution of material from Polar regions, chiefly along 
meridional lines, eccentrically decided in the old world and the new world 
alike. 

The state of the earth, at the close of an old red sandstone and low^er mill- 
stone grit formation, must obviously have been different from what it now is, 
while a globe composed mainly of mud was undergoing inconceivably rapid 
changes in the deepening of some channels, the filling up of others, and the 
lowering of waters into those deepened channels — subduing and smoothing 
the proud waves of a once mighty ocean. At this date, also, crystallization 
and induration were but in progress, as electro-chemically carried on in 
the gigantic laboratory of an excited ocean, acting on huge admixtures of 
materials. Hence immense denudations of imperfectly cemented crystals, 
and indurated masses of mud, w^ent into the composition of newer sandstone 
beds, the first sequencer of which has been already treated upon. 

Out of this chaos of primeval events, a smoother ocean sunk into deepened 
channels, and the first dry land arose amidst the great deeps. Such were 
the Scandinavian mountaius, and the Grampians of Scotland. A genial 
climate then probably pervaded these hills, but little raised above the sea 
level; and while electro-chemical agency was actively at work beneath, a rapid 
and rank vegetation sprang into being, and in the shallow waters that washed 
in their bases. Bituminous and carbonaceous products were the result. 



994 GEOLOGY OF THE 

Lime at tbatdate, held chiefly in a state of solution, assimilated with carbonic 
products, and provided vast stores of nutriment for animated nature to feed 
upon. Creation burst into life, and left records of its progress — an index for 
science, and an exponent of the iVlmighty fiat that had gone forth. Silicious 
and aluminous materials were henceforth subjected to a chemical process, 
which frequently discharged a portion of their colouring matter. By such 
process, old red sandstone passed into yellow sandstone. A section taken 
across Stratheden, at Strathmiglo, from the Ochil hills on the north, and 
through the Lomonds on the south, affords a distinct instance thereof, and 
also of under-lying basalt. At Edinburgh Castle similar phenomena are 
repeated, and also at Salisbury Craggs, Bambrough Castle, Dunstoubroagh 
Castle, and Eatcheugh in Northumberland, consimilar facts are attested. 

Tracing a conformable structure through Northumberland from Ratcheugh, 
by Bavington to Thirlwall, we so far ascertain the several equivalents of old 
red sandstone, a lower millstone grit, and yellow sandstone, in an ascending 
series, until interstratified by a lower limestone and a lower coal, as found in 
a transverse section of Stratheden, at Strathmiglo ; and a section taken from 
Shap Wells to Dudley Pike, affords a similar instance of transition in sand- 
stones, from the old red to the yellow, interstratified by a lower limestone. 
From these records of the past we learn, through the chemical influence of 
vegetation, the several changes which bituminous and carbonaceous ingre- 
dients effected on sandstones, from the old red to the new red — precipitating 
lime at one date, and providing the material of coal at another. 

Basalt. — The place held by basalt in the carboniferous system, and 
throughout the Penine chain of hills, a region intimately blended with the 
Geology of the Lake District, here claims a careful notice. Like the material 
of other sedimentary rocks, with which it is found interstratified, little need- 
be said about its origin; it is merely a deposit composed of ordinary mud, 
blended with some twenty or tw^enty-five per cent, of iron ; while iron itself 
is a primary metal coeval wdth the earths, and, under given conditions, an 
electro-chemical firebrand. Taken as a motive force driven onwards by 
oceanic torrents, and in a finely comminuted state, mechanical laws, within 
given atomic proportions, have a tendency to separate it from sand and clay, 
which may be even deposited lineally by its side at the same time. In other 
words, its laws of aggregation being regulated by affinity and atomic proper- 
ties, beds of sandstone may be deposited against it, and there find a place of 
rest, where an exhausted force had occurred amidst an ocean of waters. 
And here we need not go further into a problem, which the progress of science 
may probably solve at some future time, if it do not show that vegetation has 
been concerned in the precipitation of ferruginous bases, and of lime also. 
We have indeed a complete chain of evidence from old red sandstone to new 
red sandstone, that vegetation has stamped its records upon this ti'ansition in 
sandstones, in colours, products, and interstratifications, at each period of 
their deposition, as well as ozoically. 

In its course of drift out of northern deeps, basalt is found on the Isle of 
Skye, and on Canna, Rum, Eig, Muck, Staffa, Mull, and Eathlin; being 



r 



LAKE DISTEICT. 995 

tlien spread over a large area of ground in Antrim, it has rounded the Mull 
of Cantyre, is met with in the Isle of Arran, has gone into Perthshire and the 
vale of Glasgow and Edinburgh extensively, by both Cantyre and Peterhead. 
Having rounded St. Abb's Head, it is met with on Holy Island, at Fenwick, 
BeKord, Bambrough, Beadnell, Dunstonbrough, Ratcheugh, Alnwick, West 
Harle, the Roman Wall, Greenhead, and Temon in Cumberland, in a con- 
tinuous chain of depositions. 

From tbis long line of drift and beaches of the sea, at a common date, it 
has gone to compose the great whinsill of the Alston Moor district, which 
may be said to include the Crossfell range of mountains underlying the whole 
of this ground in an unbroken form, and as a base, without any reference to 
the undulations of hill and dale piled above it. 

At Caiidon Snout and neighbourhood, however, as well as along the Tees, 
from thence to the High Force Waterfall, it presents vast detached masses 
where precipitous scours aad denudations are seen produced, ere it had under- 
gone complete induration. 

So far it is either met with in strata, as is the case in the Alston district, or 
in massive ridges, as between North Tyne and Greenhead ; or in isolated 
masses, as at Stirling, Edinburgh, Bambrough, Dunstonbrough, and Ratcheugh ; 
and, in the neighbourhood of Bavington, it forms a number of isolated patches. 
In every instance its figure and form exhibit a low angle towards an ancient 
sea, and a precipitous front along its opposite range. These are proofs of the 
wondrous exactness with w^hich tidal forces have drifted basalt on given 
localities, and deposited it apart from sandstone and limestone. 

Yie have next to trace it along the great Whindyke, which starts at Petteril 
Crooks, in Cumberland, and runs in a tolerably direct course through the 
eastern Moorlands of Yorkshire to Fylingdale Moor, a few miles south-west 
from Robin Hood's Bay — a space of ground exceeding one hundred miles in 
length. 

The facts of w^hich this dyke afford an example are remarkable. It mostly 
assumes the form of a perpendicular wall, from eighteen to thirty feet in 
thickness, is sometimes swelled out in breadth conformably to its rise iu 
elevation, often traverses the centres of elongated ridges, and is frequently 
cut away entirely where its course crosses deep vales. 

Thus it rises suddenly from the bed of the Petteril, undulates in height 
correspondingly with Little Barwick, Great Barwick, and Castle Huglien. 
It forms the well-known bay at Armathwaite, and rises rapidly from the bed 
of the river Eden to the summit of Combe Pike, Nap ton Common, and 
Ruckcroft ; and yet is not seen to cross the deep vale of Crogiin Water at 
Dale, though it ascends to the top of Cringle Dyke, Whinfell, and Scalerigg. 
At Renwick, it is seen crossing Raven Beck, and entering Hartside, in the 
direction of Haresceugh Castle, making its appearance near the seventh 
milestone from Alston to Penrith ; from thence it is not seen for some miles, 
until it appears at Tynehead Mill, taking the direction of Middleton in 
Teesdale, and Bolam. It is frequently broken at intervals in approaching 
the vale of the Tees, but is seen at Yarm. Its form is well developed at 

3 Q 



996 GEOLO&Y OF THE 

Stanton, in Yorkshire, where it has been quarried to a great extent. Passing 
by Langbaurgh and Liverrock ridges, the southern shoulder of Roseberry 
Topping and Cooke's Hill, it is found shedding the waters of a vale into 
Cleveland westward, and Eskdale eastward. After passing through the north- 
east shoulder of the hill of Castleton, it is missing for some miles along the 
vale of Castleton and Danby. At Claughton-beck it reappears, and takes the 
vale of Eskdale to Egton Bridge, near to which it is quarried extensively. 
Again, ascending by Goadland, it cuts its way through a high range of moor- 
land, to the very summits of the hills, by Maybeck, to its terminus on 
Eylingdale Moor ; but is not seen crossing Fylingdale to the eastward. 

A careful examination of the ground which this remarkable structure 
traverses, would seem to place it among deposits, coeval in date with the rest 
of the basaltic class ah'eady described, and of the deposits also which rest 
against its tw^o sides. In no other form of physics does its formation appear 
admissible. Neither a wall of mud, nor of Plutonic silt, could remain self- 
sustained, unless shored along its sides by contemporaneous deposits, much 
less overhang its base. Nor is it in any way even probable, that ejected lava 
should agree with the several conditions here brought under notice. 

A look from the parish stone on Hartside, in the direction of Petteril 
Crooks, brings under view a chain of high and continuous ridges, cut across 
by Ravenbeck, Croglin Water, and the river Eden. It may be said these 
are points of denudation. Granted : then the very agent of denudation has 
deposited this change of ridges as they now stand, bisected by channels of 
drainage, while the basalt traverses their central heights. An admission 
of denudation, therefore, dispels at once all the illusions of central domes — ■ 
Strabo's slippery hypothesis — and weaves of translation, placing a wall of iron 
in the centre of a chain of hills. For such is the fact — a fact that proves all 
that Neptunian Geology claims — laws of drifts concentrically and eccentrically 
expressed by physical forces. 

The separation of basaltic silt from sandy materials, by a pair of parallel 
tide waves, as illustrated by this dyke, it may be said, is too refined for 
credence. Are the motions of the planetary system less so? Everj^ swimming 
force is finally true to its physical conditions — as true as the earth's motion 
on its poles ; a cause of its polarity may be the distribution of land and water 
upon its surface, ever steadying its action by their relative figure deciding 
the movement of the great deeps, as originally determined by physical 
ascendency, or the primary separation of mud and water. Coeval with this 
sedimentary formation, a basaltic line of drift may be traced from Berrier to 
Sunderland, near Cockermouth. It composes the chief material of Binsey 
also, and skirts the northern escarpment of Caldbeck Fells. 

Carboniferous Limestone interstratified by Sandstone and Slate 
Clay. — The position of basalt among the sandstone group of sedimentary 
strata, like a cornice in an edifice, shows what was completed before, and 
what afterwards. From Dunstonbrough to Temon,- and from Petteril Croolvs 
to Fylingdale Moor, it marks the exact shores of a deep bay, at a common 
date, along with all its tidal-movements, whether parallel or counter-currents. 



LAKE DISTRICT. 997 

We also observe that, at this period of time, a south-west tide wave had been 
barred off from a north-east and a north-west wave — from the Old Man 
Mountain to Fountains Fell — excepting the confined channel of the Lune 
and its tributary streamlets. 

On these new physical conditions, therefore, the several tide waves had 
begun to flow among barriers previously formed. The north-west wave taking 
the shore of Dunstonbrough on a southern bearing, suddenly fell into a deep 
bay on Temon and Petteril Crooks ; and rebounding on an angle of incidence, 
took partly the northern parallel of the basaltic dyke into Eobin Hood's Bay, 
so that the Solway wave, partly divided into two parallel waves by the old red 
sandstone of Melmerby and Dufton, and barred from the Lune by the old red 
sandstone of Shap Abbey, Shap Wells, and Eaisebeck Common, bore directly 
upon Harwood-dale in Yorkshire, and along the southern parallel of the great 
basaltic dyke. Hence a southern wave had begun to run in direct courses 
into a great bay, barred northward by Palaeozoic schist and old red sandstone, 
and in collision with the north-east and south-east wave, from Fountains 
Fell by Talk-on-the-hill, to the borders of North Wales. 

From this date, then, in treating on the approaches to the Lake District, 
Geology exhibits a sedimentary progress merely in the filling of three great 
bays placed apart from one another, east, west, and south, or Northumberland 
and Durham, the Solway, and Morecambe and Mersey Bays. 

On the east, we find a bay shored by basalt for about one hundred and 
forty miles — that is, from Dunstonbrough by Temon, and the Alston Whinsili 
to Fylingdale Moor or Robin Hood's Bay. These conditions, at a date 
distinctly made out, and similar throughout the Hartside, Crossfell, and 
Alston district, give a deep interest to the question of what had been completed 
before the deposition of the great Whinsili, and what followed after ; and more 
especially so from its being indirectly connected with what some choose to 
call a "great fault," though nothing remarkable in itself, being merely a 
sedimentary result of stratification, occurring almost everywhere throughout 
the Penine chain of hills. 

Admitting that this so called "fault" runs from Talkin on the north, to 
teyond Settle on the south, a space of more than sixty miles, it is merely a 
line of tidal collision, east and west, at a specific date. In the Alston and 
Crossfell district, the stratification has been ascertained or estimated to the 
extent of 1,524 feet in thickness. As a part of this sum, eleven beds of 
limestone, 372 feet in thickness, are below the whinsili, and intcrstratified by 
648 feet of sandstone and slate clay ; then comes the whinsili, GO feet in 
thickness, and which is immediately overlaid by the Tyne-bottom limestone, 
so called from its being seen in the bed of the river Tyne at Garrigill. 
Above the whinsili, there are eight beds of limestone 186 feet in thickness, 
intcrstratified by 358 feet of sandstone, making together 444 feet. 

By dividing these data into three parts — the upper including the whinsili, 
the middle part, or one half of vvha;t lies below the whinsili, and the lowest 
part, which is the remainder below — we shall find with what remarkable 
equality this mass of sandstone and slate clay has been proportionally inter- 
stratified by beds of limestone. 



998 GEOLOGY OF THE 

In recapitulation, vre have in descending series 



Parts 
of the 
whole. 


^'°;5 Feet in 

^l"^^- 1 Thick- 
stone 1 ^^.^ 

Beds. : ^^^'• 


Sandstone 
and Slate 
Clay in R. 


Total 

Thickness 

in Feet. 


Proportion 

of 
Limestone. 


To the beds 
of Saad- 
stone and 
Slate Clay. 


Upper. 

Middle. 
Lowest. 


8 1 186 
7 189 

.1= i 183 

t 


318 
3-21 
327 


504 
510 
510 


100 to 169 
100 „ 170 
100 „ 178 


Total. 


19 ' 553 9fi8 


1 
1,524. lAY. 100 „ 172 1 

1 ! 



These result-s in the proportional deposition of Hmestone, as interstratified 
-vsith sandstone and slate clay, exhibit uncommon regalarityin the sedimentary 
law by which they have been alternately assimilated, in a structure 1,5'24 feet 
in thickness. The fact of their being so interstratified, and yet separated by 
a physical force, would seem to prove a strong atomic tendency to definite 
proportions, in rolling admixtures deposited by a stream of water unfolding 
an organic law in balanced forces applicable to the universe, if not equivalent 
to electro-chemical ascendency, operating through the agency of highly excited 
waters on muddy materials in a state of admixture, and placing such mud 
under organic terms of mecha,uical forces brought into a state of equilibrium, 
in which all being has resolved itself into nature's laws, as expressed in the 
pure language of a Creator's fiat. 

We shall here return to the " greatest fault" in Europe, so called by those 
who have failed to interpret the laws and form of, drift. Were the length of 
such fault taken at sixty miles from north to south, and its breadth some 
twenty miles, we should have an area of 1,200 square miles, presenting a 
continuous base, with a superstructure of hill and valley piled thereon, like 
so muchstatuaiy chiselled off by denudation ; and yet denudationis not reckoned 
a fault, because it merely exposes an older base. 

For instance, were a section of twenty miles taken north-eastward, from 
Melmerby and through Crossfell, we should find a descending base of old red 
sandstone, and an ascending series of limestone slate-clay, and sandstone beds 
in alternate order, until we got to the whinsill and Tyne-bottom limestone, 
wherever come at, and forming a regular and unbroken base throughout. 

But the superstructure piled upon this base is, notwithstanding, a series of 
hills and valleys, in which the several strata are cut away by denudation while 
in a state of softness, so as to bring out regular slopes on the sides of the hills. 
As an example, IMiddle Fell in xAJston has finely rounded declivities on all 
sides as if scoured away by a tidal wave, and yet its beds of stratification dip 
very slightly. Hence the beds which compose the upper structure of that 
mountain, are none of them extended beyond its sides ; but the older beds — 
the whinsill among the rest — which foiTa its base, are extended beneath the 



LAKE DISTETOT. 999 

valleys throughout. It cannot, then, be an uplifted pile, as the base denies 
a corresponding state of disturbance. Any upheaving would, therefore, seem 
a physical impossibility, and its form attributable to denudation by a tide wave 
alone. The constancy of the whinsill, in its true place, is indeed conclusive ; 
and a similar rule applies to a tract of country, as described before, 1,200 
square miles in extent. 

Graygarth Fell, Whernside in Dent, Ingleborough, Penyghent, and Foun- 
tains Fell — each and all are seen resting on a continuous base of Palaeozoic 
schist, while their upper beds are uniformly cut away by a tidal scour ; lime- 
stone in nearly horizontal strata, in the first place, as well as in their newer 
beds in ascending series, to the very summits of these mountains — every one 
of which stands a detached pile of strata, until a continuous base is arrived 
at, which links them together like twins of a common origin. Besides, in 
figure and elevation they present a similar aspect, as if cast in a common 
mould, and bearing directly on a south-west tide wave as it now runs. Scoured 
and cut away alike to the summit of each, they are but extraordinary piles of 
deposition and denudation, in correspondence with the undulations of the 
earth's surface generally. 

Obvious and unanswerable facts, therefore, go to show that Neptunian drift, 
amidst oceanic torrents, had furrowed the primeval surface of our globe ; and 
that very little hoiizontal stratification had been extensively formed, until 
broad levels, as those of Russia, had been sheltered by huge barriers cast 
around them. The true waves of translation are indeed those of Neptune's 
handy-work, diminishing in power, according as these proud waves sunk into 
the self-made and mighty channels in which they now spend their fury. In 
short, every hill and valley of our island, when closely examined in structure, 
attests the ravages of denudation, from the gorges and passes of Braemar to 
the levels of Cambridge and Lincolnshire. 

Caebontferous Limestone in the immediate Lake District. — What has 
been already said under this head, on an enlarged scale, sheds much light on 
deposits less complete at a corresponding date. A line drawn from Hensing- 
ham to Kirby Stephen, and in continuation to the source of the river Eden, 
along the frontier of a PalEeozoic schist, old red sandstone and basaltic 
formation, exhibits a chain of carboniferous limestone deposits, along every 
sinuosity of older formations ; yet a constant inequality in the order and 
thickness of its beds would seem to come nearer to a rule than to an 
exception. 

The Distington limestone may be looked upon as an appendant to Weddiker 
Piigg, westward therefrom, and that of Hensingham, Cleator, Lamplugh, a 
deposit in a previously vacant furrow, between Weddiker on the west thereof, 
and Dent and Blakefell eastv/ard. 

It is met with north-eastward from Lamplugh, on the base of an older 
series, atPardshaw,Brigham,Bridekirk,Blindcrake, and Sunderland, falling back 
north-westward to Tallentire, turning there to Gilcrux eastward ; and thence 
roundnig the declivities of a chain of hills by Parsonby, Threapland, Bothal, 
Torpenhow, and Ireby, to Ruthwaite. It next lines the opposite side of the 
river Ellen, by Uldale, Aughertree, Sandal, and Boltongate, to Quarry hill, 



1000 GEOLOGY OF THE 

vv-liere it turns at a point anti-clinally, and goes by Smitliv-brow, Catlands, and 
Cleamire, to Brocklebauk, falling back upon Brovairigg, by Paddy-gilJ, AYlielpa, 
and Caldbeck, to Hesket-Nevr-Market. It is then found at Warnel, Southernby, 
Berrier, and Penruddock, where it falls back on Greystoke and Johnby ; and 
recommencing its course Joy Stainton, Pooley, Shap, Orton Moor, Ashby Moor, 
and Stenkirth-bridge, to Mallerstang, and the source of the river Eden. 

This line of outcrop takes a general level of the hills with remarkable 
continuity, in a sinuous and spiculated outline by no means mantle- shaped, 
around a previously uplifted dome ; but deposited along the shore of an 
ancient sea with wondrous exactness, falling back as the hills fall back, and 
again advancing as they do so, like debris cast upon the seashore, and moulded 
to its creeks and bays in all its winding forms. For example, it does not 
cross the vale of the river Ellen directly from Torpenhow to Quarry-hill, as 
laid down on geological maps, but rounds the ancient estuary of the river 
Ellen along its former shores, from Torpenhow to Quarry-hill. This shows 
how maps, constructed by a " shppery hypothesis," fail altogether in the de- 
scribing of facts in detail, however laboriously such facts may have been 
gathered by the chipping of rocks. The Xeptunian Geology corrects such 
errors at a glance, by merely tracing out the ordinaiy levels of an ancient 
sea-shore. 

Passing over many other circumstances which might have been dwelt upon 
in the district fi'om Cleator to Trimby, we may notice the range of hills 
shedding their waters northward into the river Eden, and southward into that 
of the Lune, from Wasdale Cragg to Piavenstoudale. Here the entire structure 
of the ground is laid open, even so plainly that a passenger by railway, from 
Clifton to Tebay, may observe the leading features of its stratification ; show- 
ing it to -be a depository type of Ingleborough and Penyghent, or a denuded 
pile raised upon a low and regular base of old red sandstone, as if it were a 
continuation of Crossfell, a repetition of which it really is on a reduced scale. 

This base appears undisturbed, laid between the exhausted forces of the 
Eden and the Lune, and dipping on a low angle north-eastward. Here the 
law of deposition is obvious. VYhile the waters of the Eden rolled material 
up a low inclined plane, and those of the Lune down such plane on both sides 
of the ridges, the ends of the several beds of stratification have been cut away 
by these respective tidal forces. Here we shall go to the south-west tide wave. 

At the close of Palaeozoic schist and old red sandstone deposits, this wave 
necessarily fell perpendicularly on a shore of the sea, previously spiculated and 
distorted in form by vast torrents from the southward, having been broken 
thereon, from Black Combe on the west to Fountains Fell on the east ; 
flowing into a bay some sixty miles across, from Furness on the north to 
Xorth Wales on the south ; and now a tract of land which bounds parts of 
Westmoreland, Yorkshire, Derbyshire, Lancashke, Cheshire, and North 
Wales. 

Hence the deposition of limestone, within the boundaries of the extensive 
bay, took its course of drift along the channels of Morecambe Bay, the river 
Lune, the Babble, and the Mersey, branching out along then several tributary 
streams. 



LAKE DISTEICT. lOOi 

Conformable to these conditions at the date of a carboniferous limestone 
deposit, running nearly on a right angle towards the courses then taken by a 
north-east and a north-west wave, that material was, by a drifting agent, laid 
either in longitudinal patches along the older valleys, which are situate 
between the Duddon and the Lune, or in advance of those valleys, as at 
Beetham and Farlton, Arnside, and Wharton Cragg. These deposits, perfectly 
coincident with a line of drift which is still the same, are admitted to be 
entirely at fault with any central dome, which a dorsal spine, composed of 
azoic schist, exhibits to the northward of this ground ; for all the tidal furrows 
of this foreground run nearly at right angles upon such spine. Yet these 
obvious interpretations of a depository law seem a perplexing puzzle to those 
who neglect facts to which physical forces lend satisfactory proofs, that our 
earth is by no means like a broken potsherd ; but the regularly-devised 
scheme of an electro-chemical pile, bringing out results through nature's 
laboratory. 

Eastward of the Lune, Greygarth Fell, Whern side, Ingleborough,Penyghent, 
and Fountains Fell, present limestone as the lowest member of a series of 
piles raised upon a common base composed of Palaeozoic schist ; and on the fore- 
ground of these respective piles, from Ingleton beyond Settle, a large deposition 
of limestone has occurred, more especially to the eastward of Austick. In the 
valley of the Hoddor, a talus of limestone is met with at Sykes, Newton, and 
Stainburn, and expanding on the line of drift to the north-east. At Clithero, 
also a similar talus is found under-lying Pendle-hill, and broadly extended to 
the north-east up Malhamdale, and beyond Skipton. 

To the southwa^rd of Pendle-hill, and between Colne and the Etherow, 
along the Penine chain, limestone is not met with, until the great field 
occupied by that rock in Derbyshire is arrived at ; and we also find it lining 
the northern shore of North Wales at this date ; determining the advanced 
boundaries of the great bay just pointed out, at the completion of carboniferous 
limestone deposits, showing in every respect an exact agreement between 
the figure and direction of these deposits, and the drifting force to which they 
are attributable. The want of this material in so large a portion of the 
Penine chain, between Colne and the Etherow, may be assigned to ordinary 
laws of denudation. 

Limestone Shale and the Upper Millstone Grit. — These deposits 
immediately followed that of carboniferous limestone, and its vast accompany- 
ing beds, as seen in the Alston Moor district, affording a few thin seams of 
coal ; and alike finished the main outlines of each basin in connexion with 
the Lake District, on the north-east, the north, and the south, for the 
reception of the coal measures. 

It may be enough here to say, ia general terms, that a shore of millstone 
grit was at this date formed along the land side of the bay of Northumberland 
and Durham. 

In the bay of the Solway also, a similar shore is met with along its southern 
border, from Hensingham to Appleby, while an extended outlyer intervenes 
between the rivers Eden and Petteril, commencing at Great and Little 
Barrock on the north, and extending to Whinfell Parks in W^estmoreland on 



lOOi^ GEOLOGY OF I'flE 

the south, and of which the well-known Lazonby flagstone is a good specimen. 
A remarkable feature of this field of millstone grit is, that its beds are 
excessively broken into patches, owing to its base having given way in the 
eirly stages of its deposition ; so that, in quarrying these flagstones, the work- 
men have to encounter an endless disturbance of its beds. 

On the borders of the ancient bay, to the south of the Lake District, the 
limestone shale and millstone grit formations, there drifted i?i situ, aS'ord an 
important link in the industrial prospects of our country — detennining, 
as they do, the extent of workable coal within the widely-spread basin of the 
Mersey. 

Along the shores of Morecambe Bay, these formations have been swept 
away by retreating torrents descending from the hills on the foreground of 
an Azoic and Palaeozoic structure, except to the south-east, where they 
occupy a vast and conspicuous space of ground that had not been previously 
silted up by older drift, and composing the hills that enclose the trough of 
Bowland on the north, the west, and the south, along with foreground 
brought forwards to Poulton, Lancaster, Garstang, and Preston. The range 
of Pendle-hill so far only closes up the southern limits of these formations, 
Nvhile the Ingleton coal-field, deposited along a vacant trough among these hills, 
does the same on the north. 

It was then that an eastern shore to this great bay was constructed, extend- 
ing from Colne on the north to Cheadle on the south ; and at the close of this 
date, an axis composed of the millstone grit formation was deposited also on 
central bearings, w^hich may be taken from Ormskirk on the w'est, through 
Haslingden to the Hamilton-hills eastv/ards, completing an augulated chain of 
hills, with deep bays intervening, that now separate the basins of the 
Piibble and the Mersey. 

Coal Measures. — The structure of hill and dale at the close of an upper 
millstone grit, the configuration of which had sheltered embayed waters, 
prepared a frame of ground for the reception of coal and its accompanying beds 
of drift, liable to depressions, slips, and other disorders in stratification. As 
a reservation, by the waj^ thin beds of coal are found between the yellow 
sandstone and the close of an upper millstone grit. Some of these beds are 
placed in almost horizontal strata, near the tops of the mountains, of which 
Penyghent and Winter Fell, near Chorley, are examples. 

The Whitehaven coal-field, in the ancient bay of Solway, seems lapped 
around the terminus of the Hensingham limestone, which ends a lineal course 
on the bearings of St. Bee's Head, where a north-west tide-wave still sheds 
its waters northwards and southwards. Conformably with this incident in 
the tides, the Whitehaven coal-field is not extended to the south of St. Bee's 
Head. 

From Whitehaven, then, northvrard only, the coal measures form an 
advanced shore of this ancient bay, by Harrington, Workington, Flimby Moor, 
Dearham, Gilcrux, Bolton, Rosely, and Sebergham, until cut short to the 
eastward of Netherscales, by the millstone grit of Scratchmell, Lazonby, and 
Penrith Beacon. 

On reference to what has been said concerning a former north-easteni bay-^ 



LAKE DISTRICT. 1003 

nowXorthumbeiiaud and Durham — it is only necessary to observe here, that it 
has been tilled up or underlaid by the coal measures, from Boomer on the 
north to Hartlepool on the south. But the southern bay has been almost 
entirely denuded of the coal measures to the northward of this sinuous ridge 
of millstone grit, the axis of which goes from Ormskirk to Haslingden, with 
the exception of the Ingleton and Burnley coal-fields, the latter of which is 
syuclinally placed between Peudle-hill on the north, and the Hamilton hills 
ou the south thereof; while the material of coal, in the former instance, has 
been drifted and stranded on the ancient escarpment of Ingleborough, by no 
means as a fault, but in a regular sequence of deposition, as determined by 
previous incidents, according to which denudation had stript off the entire 
series from Palaeozoic schist to the coal measures, reversing the dip of strati- 
fication in a common Neptunian order of events. 

On these previous terms, therefore, the ancient bay of the Mersey, and its 
tributary drainage courses, formed a field of the coal measures apart by itself, 
the boundaries of which on the north were the central axis of Ormskirk and 
Haslingden, on w^hich a series of deep bays was anciently formed along the 
Sankey Valley, and vales of Wigan and Chorley, Bolton and Longworth, 
Bury and Rawtenstall, Rochdale and Littleborough. Hence, Wigan, Bolton, 
Bury, and Rochdale, are each of them placed on the borders of a widely ex- 
tended field of coal southward. Oldham and Ashton-under-Line, also, are 
situate on the eastern borders of this great field of coal, resting on the 
declivities of the Penine chain of hills. On the southern boundaries of this 
bay, also, drained into the valley of the Dee, the coal measures of Flintshire 
and Denbighshire are seen cropping out from under the red marl and saliferous 
system of Cheshire. 

Viewing, at the same time, the relative positions of the North Staffordshire 
coal-field, and that of Shrewsbury, in connexion with a channel of drift traced 
into the bay of the Mersey, it may be fairly inferred, on the premises already 
given, that an area of ground occupied by a red marl and saliferous formation, 
is underlaid by the coal measures at a m.oderate depth. Should this be so, 
there is a store of coal so vast as to remove all fears of a deficient supply for 
ages to come. 

New Red Sandstone, Magnesian Limestone, Alabaster, or Gypsum, 
AND Diluvial Beds. — At the commencement of this group of deposits, the 
ancient bays of the north, north-east, and south, had each of them diminished 
in area, and changed in outlines of shore, agreeably to the laws of drift. 

That of the north, along its southern shore, had become much more even 
in outline, from Maryport by Aspatria, and Westward Church to Netherscales. 
Here the outlying deposit of millstone grit, between the Petteril and the 
Eden, came in the way ; and yet the new red sandstone in the valley of the 
Eden reassumed a contracting space of ground as if neither that formation, 
nor the chain of basalt from Little Barrock to Renwick, had laid in its direct 
course. 

While a Solway-tide w'ave, therefore, from Maryport to Netherscales, ran 
along a'convex shore, and had a tendency to that shore on the opposite coast 
of Scotland, the Sol way wave running hneally thereon had furrowed its borders 

3 Q 3 



I 



1 004- GEOLOGY OF THE 

more deeply, so that the new red sandstone of Dumfriesshire is found iu 
gorges, different in form from those of Cumberland — proving with what exact- 
ness geological formations may be traced out almost at a glance, b}^ accepting 
physical laws of drift as a safe guide to incidental facts. 

And here magnesian limestone, and gypsum, on the side of Cumberland, 
come strangely in the way. The former is met with on a line projected from 
St. Bee's Head on Little Barrock, and the latter from the same locality beyond 
Little Barrock, wanting, however, in long spaces of ground between these 
extreme points. 

It is, howeyer, in the diluvial beds of the plain of Wigton and Carlisle, 
that we witness depository laws of drift in all their exactness of minute 
details ; and, as the true types of older structures, concentrically and eccen- 
trically eliminated in beautiful series of hill and dale, as physically expressed 
along the northern escarpment of the Lake District. 

Southwards from St. Bee's Head, a large area of new red sandstone now 
forms the shore of the sea, in advance of Azoic and Palgeozoic formations, 
from Dent by Black Combe, to Lindal in Furness. 

Here the consideration of the stratified beds at the head of this section, in 
reference to a north-east and a southern bay, may be closed, as their locality 
has become somewhat distant from the Lake District. 

Tidal Phenomena. — Wherever we take our stand wdthin the limits of the 
Lake District, proofs of tidal influence are brought into notice. The sym- 
metrical grandeur which a yiew of Uileswater presents to the eye, as seen 
from the lake, embodies in the imagination furious torrents furrowing an 
Alpine region set in all the depths of shadow, and with grticefully rounded 
brows. 

Cast the eye on the gorge of Borrowdale from Friar's Cragg, and, in the 
language of Professor Sedgwick, we detect " the beating of the sea upon the 
edges of the old contorted slates," ere those slates had been transfused, by 
electro-chemical agency, out of mud and into rock. 

Nor is Buttermere less noted for wild grandeur, as seen on the bare frontal 
of Honistar Cragg, W'here Neptune's chisellings are deeply struck. Ennerdale 
and Wastwater, also, afford similar instances of these fearful strokes which 
the proud waves haye left, whilst those deep and magnificent furrowings 
ranging up Laugdale, as seen from the bosom of the Windermere Lake, 
equally remind us of mighty torrents beating on mountains of azoic schist, 
originally composed of plastic mud, now modelled into normal carvings and 
lovely vales. 

And nowhere are these beautiful and varied instances of the sublime more 
broadly mapped out than along the southern escarpment of those hills which 
lie extended from Black Combe to Gatesgarth, at the head of Long Sleddale. 
Indeed, these holy vestiges of a former world, composed out of mud, and 
moulded by the guidance of Infinite Wisdom, would seem to owe their match- 
less charms in a compressed form to centricity of hill and dale, constructed 
by a triple collision of tide-wayes conformable to channels along which they 
still flow. 

Sea-Beaches, Scabs, and Cateens in Limestone, and Instances of 



LAKE DISTEICT. 1005 

Tidal ScouEiNa thereon, or Scriddled Limestone. — ^Among the proofs 
of elevated sea-beaches, at an early date, none are more remarkably developed 
tiian the parallel roads of Glen Roy. Had these roads been either works of art, or 
the effects of glaciers gradually descending from the hills, there must have been 
remains of debris about them in witness of their origin. These are wholly 
wanting. They are, indeed, beaches of the sea, scoured off the face of the 
material deposited, ere it had undergone induration. Hence, as seen in descend- 
ing gorges of intersection, they are ancient beaches of the sea, cut away from 
•what is now a solid rock, and are by no means the only instances of similar 
records in the Highlands of Scotland. 

The azoic schist formation in the Lake District is celebrated also for the 
grandeur of its scars, as already given in the last section. Those met with, 
out out of limestone, are equally so. Such are Whitbarrow Scar and Scout 
Scar, near Kendal ; Giggleswick Scar, Castlebar, Stainforth Scar, and 
Austic Scar, in the neighbourhood of Settle in Yorkshire ; Malham Cove and 
Goredale in Malhamdale ; and Kelso Cragg in Kettlewell. Each and all 
attest the breaching or abrading force of a south-west tide-wave running upon 
older barriers, lying directly across the line of its -advance, and breaking in 
torrents on the face of newer deposits, ere the induration of those deposits 
had been completed. 

A limestone formation coeval in date, taking its course along the northern 
escarpment of the same district, from Hensingham to the river Eamont, 
holding its sedimentary course along the edge of a previous structure, in a 
free and smooth line, presents none of those instances attributable to tidal 
violence, a few instances of large swallow holes excepted. 

But no sooner do we reach the northern aspect of the chain of hills, from 
Shap to Crosby Garret, where a southern wave has obviously spent its force 
in breaking on these hills in a northern direction, than many thousands of 
acres are met with, covered over by scoured, or what is locally called scriddled, 
limestone. Some parts of this ground are indeed so completely and broadly 
spread over by such limestone, as to impart a notion that a far-extending 
stony desert is spread around us. 

On the southern aspect of this chain of hills, however, the scoured limestone 
ceases from their summits, and lines of sea-beaches run for many miles in 
succession along their declivities, while a number of cross scoui's, at the 
w^atershed points of the ridge, again and again show the exact direction which 
these torrents of water have taken at an ancient date, leaving no doubt about 
the hand that has written these eternal records of the past in legible characters. 

Along the western escarpment of the Hartside and Crossfell range, also, 
a few traces of sea-beaches are met with, between Castle Carrock on the 
north, and Duftou on the south. Beyond Dufton, how^ever, the gorge of 
High Copedale presents a circuit of splendid scars and terrace-formed ground 
along their upper borders. Again, between Murton and Stainmore, Melfell, 
Eoman Fell, Warcop Fell, and Warcop Scar, standing over against Smardale, 
from whence a line tide-wave bore upon these frontals ; conspicuous lines of 
sea-beaches are found, and instances of scoured limestone may be traced 
from thence across the Stainmore pass into Yorkshire. 



I 



1006 GEOLOGY OF THE 

In farther examining a chain of hills which shed their waters into the 
Eden and the Lime, we find the figure, elevation, and composition of Shap 
Thorn, Dudley Pike, Bousfield Pike, Orton Scars, Powston Knott, and Ashbj 
Scar, so nearly alike, and conformable to laws of drift, that we may fairly 
attribute them to a common origin, a composition of tide-waves as they yet 
flow. Besides, near the summits of these hills, 1,300 feet above the present 
sea-level, swarms of ozoic products are found, evincing that creatures of a 
former state of the world had there lived and sported among eddies and 
shallow waters, where exhausted waves broke and curled in playful circles 
around them ; but it is on the foreground of the carboniferous limestone, 
deposited by a south-west tide-wave, that we are to look for those multitudinous 
instances of ancient beaches of the sea, which might be expected to accompany 
the great scar limestone already referred to. Wharton Cragg, Yealand, 
Arnside, Storth Cragg, Beetham, and Haverbreak, to the south-west of Miln- 
thorpe, accordingly afford marked examples of these beaches, and Dalton Fell 
and Farlton Knott of scoured and scriddled limestones. These are respectively 
seen from the Lancaster and Carlisle Railway. 

It is not, however, until we reach Chapel-le-Dale, some miles to the eastward 
of this locality, that the most complete and beautiful instances of these ancient 
sea-beaches are met with ; and the best view to be taken of them is gained 
by descending that dale along the Hawes and Orton road on Ingleton, holding 
Whernside in Dent to the right, and Ingleborough on the left hand. Similar 
in configuration to the parallel roads of Glen Roj^ there are denudations in 
which the rock is cut away along their terraces, succeeded by a beach, on an 
angle of about forty-five degrees, composed of disorderly blocks of limestone, 
resembling lumps of earth, similar to a beach along Burgh Marsh in Cum- 
berland, where the Sol way tide-wave is encroaching on the land. The lowest 
of these beaches has all the appearance of a well-formed creek of the Solway, 
except that the material is rock in one instance, and lumps of earth in the 
other, brought down by the breaching agency of the flowing tide. 

Like the roads of Glen Roy, also, there is a triple parallelism of these 
beaches, on the declivities of both Ingleborough and Whernside, coequal in 
elevations, while the very summit of Ingleborough is encircled by a sea-beach, 
succeeded by a spacious plateau, sufficient in extent for a race course, and 
affording proofs that these several incidents have occurred while the material 
of the mountains was in a state of comparative softness. 

Here we find, also, the true manner in which cavern^ have been formed ; 
the Weathercote Cavern being a large sunken pit in the bed of the stream, 
occasioned by its descent through beds of limestone, which were scoured away 
ere induration had been completed, until falling upon a solid structure of 
Palaeozoic schist impervious to water, it is brought out to day again at the 
point where limestone is first seen resting upon a base of schist ; and higher 
up Chapel-le-Dale, on both the lower declivities of Ingleborough andPenyghent, 
similar caverns are very frequently met with, doubtless the same in origin. 

In this dale there are also extensive areas of ground, so thickly overspread 
by scoured limestone, as to induce an illusion in sunny weather that there 
are sheets of w^ater where none are to be found ; and it may be here- stated, 



LAKE DISTEICT. IGOT 

that the upper beds of limestone shale which underlie the summit of Ingle- 
borough at an elevation exceeding 2,000 feet above the sea level, abound with 
ozoic remains, the inhabitants of a former sea that has gone down into the 
deepened furrovvs of the ocean, scoured out by forces of gravitation, ere Infinite 
Wisdom had completed the world's works. 

In this locahtj, also, on the brow of AVhernside, Yorda's Cave is one of 
those extraordinary excavations, which torrents of water, descending through 
open beds of limestone, have effected. Clapham Cave, on the southern slopes 
of Ingleborough, is another of those wondrous caverns, produced by a streamlet 
falling through beds of limestone at Gappinghole upon a base of schist, and 
then scouring away a channel for itself into Clapdale. 

Still further eastward, on Malham Moor, and on Broadley Moor, sea-beaches 
are seen to a considerable extent, as the upper structures of Malham Cove 
and Goredale. Again, on the southern face of Great Whernside, there are 
magnificent instances of these beaches in bold relief and horizontal terraces. 
Up Littondale, also, by the free rebound of a tidal wave from off the brow of 
Whernside, they are seen well defined on the only northern aspect of ground 
met with. Beyond Grassington, however, further to the eastward, these sea- 
beaches are found to cease altogether, when less opposed and more exhausted 
waves deposited the material of drift in onwards and flowing lines, instead of 
breaking on the southern face, and aloncf the eastern and western sides of 
barriers lying immediately on their line of advance. Hence the hills 
throughout this locaUty, from Clapham to Malhamdale, are usually precipitous 
along their southern aspects, and comparatively flattened northwards. 

Here we find the central axis of England lying midway between a north- 
east and a south-west tide-wave ; and it is here, also, that Palaeozoic schist is 
found to terminate its eastern flank. No sooner does the ground come within 
the range of a north-eastern tide-wave, than we observe an entire class of 
phenomena closing at once, and totally different directions of hills, valleys, 
and drainage lines, conforming to the instrument of drift to which they owe 
their construction. 

Elevation of Deift by Tidal Fohces. — We are here led to atomic laws 
that lie within our means of observation. The earths, in a finely comminuted 
state, readily mix with water; opposite to this, water, either in motion or a 
comparative state of stillness, has a decided tendency again to precipitate the 
earths, or drive them away from it. And mud water, therefore, beyond given 
proportions of atomic gravity, cannot remain in a state of combination, and 
they naturally separate. That separation must be an established law in physics, 
identical with atomic laws, with those of gravitation and electro-chemical laws. 
It is then the law of the universe, and a special law of being in organised 
forms. 

We then seem to come at the law by which mud and water have separated. 
According to atomic proportions, therefore, the surface of the earth is two- 
thirds water, and one-third land ; while the scouring power of the south pole 
has given to the Pacific Ocean, in its full extent, one half of the surface of the 
whole earth, so that the rest of the globe is tw^o-thirds land, with one-third 
water, in definite proportions. 



1008 GEOLOGY OF THE 

Laws of drift" applied to a rolling ball of mud, floating amidst realms of 
physical force, would appear to have brought out definite proportions between 
the two areas of land and sea, agreeable to the terms of an atomic theory ; 
sanctioning an inference that electro-chemical results are identical with laws 
of physical force, which adjust themselves universally, and bring all atoms 
into a state of definite proportions, in which a concentric and eccentric balance 
prevail, as established by the Great Architect of the universe. Such is 
gravitation — such is physical force — and such are electro-chemical events also. 
The agitation of an admixture of materials in a fluid state, brings them finally 
and necessarily into atomic proportions even definitely expressed. 

So have physical laws furrowed the surface of the earth symmetrically, 
repeatedly broken down masses of deposits, and recom.pounded them, until 
thoroughly fitted for the reception of animated nature in all her varieties and 
beautiful eliminations. 

Bowlders. — These often shed considerable light on the direction of ancient 
currents. Like the ark of Noali, built in the valley of the Euphrates, and 
stranded on Ararat, blocks of Kirkcudbrightshire granite are found stranded 
on the declivities of Hartside as if fl.oated there on icebergs, and are traceable 
frequently in heavy masses on the lower levels of Cumberland, where they 
have been embay ed and stranded, in proof of the means by which they have 
originally been transported. 

In ascending the vale of the Eden, in the direction of Ousby, these 
witnesses of past events become lighter in weight and fewer in number, 
accompanied by blocks of Wasdale Cragg granite floated over the Shap range 
of hills. In going still further up this valley, in the direction of Murton and 
Stainmore, those from Wasdale Cragg increase in size and numbers ; and 
bowlders from Kircudbrightshire are seldom if ever met with. In the 
neighbourhood of Bleatarn and Murton, bowlders from Wasdale Cragg become 
much more numerous, are readily traced to Brough-hill, on the acclivities of 
Stainmore, and have been carried over that pass into Yorkshire, as far as 
Hull, a heavy one being placed in Darlington as a boundary mark; insomuch 
determining the course of an ancient current having gone along a southern 
parallel of the great basaltic dyke, from a Solway tide-vrave into Yorkshire. / 

Professor Sedgwick has justly said, " I see no reason for supposing tha€ 
the movement of the great bowlders necessarily took place before the existence 
of the human race," since, like man, they rest upon diluvial beds. Then, as 
bowlders from Wasdale Cragg are found on the summit of Dudley Pike, some 
1,300 feet above the level of the sea, so may it be accepted as proved that the 
sea has risen to that height since land had been undulated in surface as at 
present, if not within the period of man's creation. The learned Professor 
admits, therefore, by inference, that the' sea maj have gone down 1,300 feet 
since the existence of the human race. As an additional proof of a recent 
floating of these bowlders, some of them are found resting on scoured litnestone 
along the heights of Shap and Orton Fells. 

Though some of those bowlders which compose Carl Lofts, at Shap, may 
have been partly arranged in druidical days, yet it is obvious that most of 
these mysterious masses have been stranded along the watershed line on which 
they still rest, as records of nature's efforts, rather than works of man. 



LAKE DISTKICT. 1009 

lu further proof of the inference ^Yhich these facts support, not a single 
instance can be given that they have either gone over Hartside or through 
High Copedale, and over Scoredale-head into the upper district of the Tees 
and the Tyne. Hence this comparatively recent flood has been lower than 
Hai'tside and the pass of Scoredale-head. 

But Wasdale Cragg granite, in bowlders, being met with in Cartmel and 
at Darlington, affords ample testimony as to the course which this tide-wave 
took in its advance and retreat, teaching us by the way that Geology, as a 
science, relies upon physics and facts, rather than upon merely slippery 
hypothesis. 

On the Soils of the Lake District. — In the composition of what are 
called sub and supersoils, the base is commonly the debris of events gone 
before. It is generally a rule in Geology, that soils are kindred to the 
materials from whence they have been originally drifted. Those of the 
Solway basin, for instance, are composed of clay from the debris of a schistose 
structure, sand from denudations of millstone grit in the Penine chain of hills, 
and an inappreciable portion of lime from a calcareous formation. Such a 
compound is commonly suited to thorough-draining, and the growth of turnips 
by forcing manures, as a step in advance for the production of culmiferous 
crops, and as a preparation for fruitful pasturage. 

What ma}^ ever be a proper rule in husbandry thus far, may be quite 
inadmissible where the composition of the soil has been derived from materials 
very different in origin. The art of farming, indeed, depends on much 
experience and exact observation, often dif&cult to transplant from one district 
to another, where the ingredients which compose the soil may be differently 
constituted. So the skilful farmer abstains from hasty conclusions which 
may lead to his ruin, and carefully considers those physical incidents he has 
to deal with, guided by what the deposition of a soil may happen to be. 

General ReMxYRks. — No sooner do we investigate nature, and nature's laws 
as we find them, theai we seem to have got into a labyrinth of miracles. Take 
merely the multitudinous varieties of granite, each sort in itself would seem to 
sustain a conformable character in the grey granite of Kircudbrightshire, or 
the porphyretic granite of Wasdale Cragg. For instance, whether we assume 
the agent of crystallization to have been electro-chemical or central heat, 
results are so constant in themselves, even to the blending of colours and 
similarity in structure, that should it be asked, Why has this been so ? we 
avoid an answer in despair. It is so ! He who believes in nothing but what 
he can understand* must either believe in very little, or in a world depending 
upon conjectures. Nevertheless, we are able to place reliance on the truths 
of physical force, and decrees of Providence leading to creative ends. 

Should it be asked, What is heat? It may be answered. In combustion, 
carbon is the material consumed. Yet electro-chemical agency is qualified to 
raise a high degree of heat, divested of the presence of carbon ; showing that, 
whenever we attempt to promote science for the development of knowledge, 
w^e ought to scrutinize nature and her law;^ with great caution, and with strict 
regard to that great Being who has established the world by his wisdom, and 
brought all forces to a state of universal equipoise. 



Pd 



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1010 BAILWAY TEAFFIC IN 1854. 



RAILWAY TRAFFIC IX 1854. 



It appears from the published traffic returns of railways in the Un.. 
Kingdom for the year 1854, that they amounted to £18,541,856, on 7,300 
miles of railway, being at the rate of £2,604 per mile. In addition to the 
published returns, there were receipts upon 792 miles of railway, amounting 
to about £1,458,670, w^hich, with the above sum of £18,541,855, makes a 
total of £20,000,525, as the traffic receipts for railways in the United King- 
dom in 1854. The length of line open for traffic at the end of the year was 
about 8,028 miles, the traffic receipts on the whole being at the rate of 
£2,491. The cost of construction amounted to £273,860,000, being at the 
rate of £34,020 per mile. The total receipts on 7,700 miles in 1853, 
amounted to £17,920,530, shovdng an increase in favour of 1854 of 
£2,079,995, or above 11 percent. This is a very satisfactory result, and 
would have been attended with more beneficial consequences to the shareholders 
had' not the outlay of capital also increased^ the increase of capital having 
been about £10,000,000 during the year. The working expenses, rates, and 
taxes, amount to about 47 per cent, of the whole, or £9,400,000, leaving 
£10,600,000 for dividends on preference shares, and loans and dividends on 
the ordinary capital. The profit on the working would yield a dividend on 
the outlay of about 3^ per cent., which shows an improvement on the average 
of former years. The average for 1853, was a trifle more than 34- per cent., 
and in 1852, about 3^ per cent. The increase of the traffic has been satis- 
factory and progressive. In 1843 it amounted to £500,874 over the precedir 
year; in 1844, to £768,337 ; in 1845, to £1,058,342 ; in 1846, to£l,020,65<- 
in 1847, to £1,285,797 ; in 1848, to £1,109,335 ; in 1849, to £980,808 ; in 
1850, to £1,744,161; in 1851, to £1,809,923 ; in 1852, to £520,402 ; in 
] 853, to £2,040,220 ; and in 1854, to £2,079,995, over the preceding year. 
Should the traffic continue to increase, and the ex^ enditure on capital account 
be restricted to pro\dding the necessaiy accommodation for the increasing 
traffic, the position of railway property must gradually improve. The 
published traffic returns of railwaj^s in 1843, amounted to £4,843,000, 
yielding an average receipt of £3,045 per mile ; and in 1854, to £18,541,000, 
yielding an average receipt of £2,604 per mile. The capital expended on 
those lines up to July, 1843, amounted to £57,635,100, and in 1854, on the 
lines in question, £255,610,000, showing an increase in the annual traffic of 
£13,698,000, and in the capital expended, of £197,974,^00. The mileage 
has increased during that period from 2,000 miles to 8,000, and the average 
cost per mile remained about the same, varying from £34,000 to £35,00^ 
per mile. 



GALT, KEREUISH, & GENT, PRINTEBS, 28, NEW CANNON STEEET, MaNGHESTER. 



